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9-47
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9-48
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9-50
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9-52
-------
The shapes of the distributions of potential exposure and potential absorbed dose
estimates that are portrayed in Figures 9.5.1 through 9.5.6 closely resemble those for the
environmental and personal media that are given in Section 9.3.1. Di-w-butylphthalate estimates
tend to be higher than estimates for the other pollutants, especially for inhalation. In addition,
estimates tend to be higher across the board for NC than for OH under each exposure route.
9.5.2 Sub-goal 3.2: To Quantify the Distribution of Potential Exposure and Potential Dose
Aggregated over All Exposure Routes
As discussed in Section 8.4, aggregate potential exposure and aggregate potential
absorbed dose associated with a study participant were defined as the sums of the potential
exposure and potential absorbed dose estimates, respectively, across all three exposure routes
considered in this study (inhalation, dietary ingestion, and indirect ingestion). These aggregate
estimates were calculated only for the eight target pollutants mentioned at the end of Section 9.2,
for which potential exposure and potential absorbed dose estimates were calculated for each of
the three exposure routes for each study participant.
Descriptive statistics of the potential aggregate exposure level and potential aggregate
absorbed dose estimates are presented in Appendix L for NC children, Appendix M for OH
children, Appendix N for NC adults, and Appendix O for OH adults. They are presented only in
those tables that are associated with the eight target pollutants. (Note that these tables also
contain route-specific data summaries.) Within these tables and in Table 9.5.5 and Table 9.5.6
forNC and OH, respectively, these descriptive statistics are presented across all study
participants, separately for children and adults. In addition, within the appendix tables,
descriptive statistics are presented for each stratum: urban, rural, low-income, middle/high-
income, stay-at-home children (or adults with stay-at-home children), and day care children (or
adults with day care children).
Boxplots of potential aggregate exposure level and potential aggregate absorbed dose
estimates are given in Figure 9.5.7 for participating children and in Figure 9.5.8 for their adult
caregivers. Each figure contains separate boxplots for potential aggregate exposure level and
potential aggregate absorbed dose, for each pollutant for which data were available to make
these estimates, and for each state. The boxplots show that aggregate potential exposure and
dose estimates in the participating children were highest for di-w-butylphthalate and bisphenol-
A, and to a lesser extent, 3,5,6-TCP. See Section 9.3.1 for how to interpret these boxplots.
9.5.3 Sub-goal 3.3: To Quantify the Distribution of Urinary Biomarkers Concentrations as
an Indicator of Absorbed Dose
Concentrations of selected acid pollutants and metabolites in urine collected over the 48-
h sampling period were used as biomarkers of exposure in study participants. These
concentrations were summarized and analyzed 1) after adjusting for the urine sample's specific
gravity, 2) after adjusting for the urine sample's creatinine level, and 3) without any adjustment.
9-53
-------
Table 9.5.5 Summary of Aggregate Potential Exposure and Aggregate Potential
Absorbed Dose Estimates for Eight Pollutants in NC Study Participants"
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Type of Measure
N
%
Detected
Arith.
Mean
S.D.
Geom.
Mean
Percentiles
25th
50th
75"
95*
Max.
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Children — Aggregate Exposure"
Children — Aggregate Doseb
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
109
109
--c
--
109
109
--
--
113
113
117
117
100
100
--
--
100
100
--
--
100
100
100
100
359
10.6
-
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354
10.2
--
--
1,480
43.8
1,660
11.6
801
23.8
--
--
1,720
49.4
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--
1,010
30.9
2,130
15.5
174
5.18
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68.1
2.02
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1,110
33.3
1,010
6.81
78.9
2.49
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30.4
0.965
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804
22.6
596
3.95
152
4.59
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51.6
1.44
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1,230
37.7
1,310
8.37
295
8.84
--
--
110
2.60
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1,960
57.8
1,770
12.6
1,180
31.7
--
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544
15.8
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3,780
100
4,390
33.1
7,630
227
--
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15,100
428
--
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5,600
199
14,400
113
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cis-
Permethrin
trans-
Permethrin
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults -- Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults -- Aggregate Dose
109
109
--
--
106
106
--
--
100
100
--
--
100
100
--
--
3,290
92.5
--
--
1,870
52.4
--
--
15,000
412
--
--
8,720
235
--
--
306
9.08
--
--
252
7.52
--
--
88.9
2.71
--
--
77.9
2.37
--
--
246
6.72
--
--
193
5.82
--
--
656
21.5
--
--
555
19.5
--
--
6,840
243
--
--
4,870
154
--
--
93,300
2,850
--
--
65,300
2,000
--
--
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
105
105
110
110
96
96
96
96
279
8.33
318
2.11
302
9.35
441
2.90
188
5.56
183
1.24
96.4
2.95
92.9
0.557
193
4.93
164
1.12
343
9.75
338
2.28
836
22.5
1,310
6.86
2,250
70.8
2,840
16.8
Phthalates
Di-n-
butylphthalate
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
78
78
--
--
100
100
--
--
72,900
2,100
--
--
76,600
2,190
--
--
47,100
1,360
--
--
21,600
652
--
--
42,900
1,250
--
--
94,800
2,910
--
--
270,000
7,800
--
--
365,000
11,400
--
--
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
102
102
--
--
100
100
--
--
4,190
125
--
--
6,190
175
--
--
2,500
75.6
--
--
1,500
42.4
--
--
2,560
71.4
--
--
5,240
153
--
--
11,300
342
--
--
57,200
1,570
--
--
* Aggregate potential exposure level (ng/day)
b Aggregate potential absorbed dose (ng/kg/day)
0 Dashes indicate that insufficient data prevented aggregate potential exposure or aggregate potential absorbed dose from being estimated.
estimate is labeled "detected" if at least one of the sample media levels entering into its calculation is labeled "detected."
An
9-54
-------
Table 9.5.6 Summary of Aggregate Potential Exposure and Aggregate Potential
Absorbed Dose Estimates for Eight Pollutants in OH Study Participants'1
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Type of Measure
N
%
Detected
Arith.
Mean
S.D.
Geoni.
Mean
Percentiles
25th
50th
75"
95th
Max.
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Children — Aggregate Exposure a
Children — Aggregate Dose °
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
96
96
--c
--
112
112
--
--
103
103
108
108
100
100
--
--
100
100
--
--
100
100
100
100
178
5.39
--
--
142
4.62
--
--
1,180
34.1
2,010
14.5
234
8.25
--
--
534
21.3
--
--
1,110
32.9
3,210
23.4
117
3.37
--
--
54.1
1.56
--
--
852
24.4
1,050
7.22
77.7
2.04
--
--
29.9
0.872
--
--
488
15.2
554
3.27
109
3.10
--
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38.6
1.13
--
--
930
25.4
1,000
6.39
172
5.11
--
--
67.0
1.89
--
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1,500
42.3
2,170
16.5
491
17.1
--
--
378
11.0
--
--
2,610
80.3
7,080
47.1
1,520
61.8
--
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5,430
221
--
--
8,700
228
27,300
200
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cis-
Permethrin
trans-
Permethrin
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
111
111
--
--
97
97
--
--
100
100
--
--
100
100
--
--
665
18.3
--
--
280
8.39
--
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1,960
54.1
--
--
784
25.1
--
--
118
3.40
--
--
87.5
2.52
--
--
38.8
1.29
--
--
36.6
1.07
--
--
90.1
2.22
--
--
72.0
1.78
--
--
167
4.71
--
--
146
4.00
--
--
4,790
151
--
--
1,960
53.1
--
--
9,430
315
--
--
5,790
199
--
--
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
95
95
106
106
99
99
99
99
350
10.1
278
1.97
736
23.5
393
2.96
175
5.05
166
1.12
81.0
2.35
92.5
0.589
141
4.13
147
0.978
245
7.48
269
1.83
2,070
39.1
1,140
8.37
6,090
210
2,540
19.3
Phthalates
Di-n-
butylphthalate
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
43
43
--
--
100
100
--
--
19,500
539
--
--
27,600
703
--
--
12,200
353
--
--
7,330
205
--
--
8,310
262
--
--
16,900
467
--
--
81,000
2,080
--
--
152,000
3,570
--
--
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Children — Aggregate Exposure
Children — Aggregate Dose
Adults — Aggregate Exposure
Adults — Aggregate Dose
67
67
--
--
100
100
--
--
3,620
101
--
--
6,310
130
--
--
2,150
63.8
--
--
1,270
34.1
--
--
1,880
60.8
--
--
3,540
93.9
--
--
12,800
328
--
--
48,600
775
--
--
* Aggregate potential exposure level (ng/day)
b Aggregate potential absorbed dose (ng/kg/day)
0 Dashes indicate that insufficient data prevented aggregate potential exposure or aggregate potential absorbed dose from being estimated. An
estimate is labeled "detected" if at least one of the sample media levels entering into its calculation is labeled "detected."
9-55
-------
CPS DZN TCP
O 1 ,000 -
01 10-
cis-P trans-P E.4-D
Analyte
CPS DZN TCP
cis-P trans-P
Analyte
DBF BPA
2,4-D DBF
"^ 10
CPS DZN TCP
cis-P trans-P B.4-D
Analyte
CPS DZN TCP
cis-P trans-P
Analyte
DBF BPA
Z.4-Q DBF
Figure 9.5.7 Boxplots of Estimated Aggregate Potential Exposure and Aggregate Potential Absorbed Dose for Participating
NC and OH Children, for Eight Pollutants
9-56
-------
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TCP 2.4-D
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Figure 9.5.8 Boxplots of Estimated Aggregate Potential Exposure and Aggregate Potential Absorbed Dose for Participating
NC and OH Adults, for Eight Pollutants
9-57
-------
When multiple urine samples were taken for a given study participant during the study, the
geometric mean concentration was used in the summaries and analyses.
Descriptive statistics of the urine biomarker concentrations are presented in Appendix P
for NC and Appendix Q for OH. Each appendix contains separate sets of tables for children and
adults, and within each set, each pollutant and metabolite is represented by two tables for ease in
display. The descriptive statistics are presented across all study participants, as well as
separately for each stratum: urban, rural, low-income, middle/high-income, stay-at-home
children (or adults with stay-at-home children), and day care children (or adults with day care
children).
For both states, 3,5,6-TCP and 2,4-D were measured in urine samples of study
participants and were considered in estimating aggregate potential exposure level and aggregate
potential absorbed dose estimates for study participants. For these two target pollutants, along
with pentachlorophenol, the descriptive statistics associated with unadjusted urine concentrations
are also presented in Table 9.5.7 and Table 9.5.8 for NC children and OH children, respectively.
Boxplots of the unadjusted urine concentrations for 3,5,6-TCP and 2,4-D are presented in
Figure 9.5.9, with separate boxplots for children and adults, as well as by state. These boxplots
show that, in general, levels of 3,5,6-TCP covered a higher range than for 2,4-D, and for both,
similar distributions were observed between children and adults and between NC and OH.
While the boxplots in Figure 9.5.9 resemble those for aggregate potential exposure and absorbed
dose that are given in Figure 9.5.8, the urine concentrations have less of a difference between the
two states in the range covered by the distributions. See Section 9.3.1 for how to interpret the
boxplots.
9.5.4 Sub-goal 3.4: To Determine on Average How These Exposure and Dose Metrics for
Each Route and Aggregated over Routes Differ Between Children in Urban and Rural
Settings, Children in Low- and Middle/High-Income Families, Day Care and Stay-at-
Home Children, Children and Adults in the Same Household Overall, and Children
and Adults by Stratum
To address this sub-goal, a statistical analysis was performed on the (log-transformed)
potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose estimates (by exposure route and
aggregated across routes1) and on urine biomarker concentrations to determine whether these
measures differ significantly 1) between children in urban and rural settings, 2) between children
in low- and middle/high-income families, and 3) between day care and stay-at-home children. In
each case, an analysis of variance using model (8-7) in Section 8.5.2.2 was performed to
calculate a least squares mean of the log-transformed measures for each stratum (i.e., urban,
rural, low-income, middle/high-income, stay-at-home child, day care child). Then, in the
manner described in
1 Analysis of aggregated exposures and absorbed dose estimates was performed only for the eight
pollutants mentioned at the end of Section 9.2.
9-58
-------
Table 9.5.7 Summary of Unadjusted Urinary Biomarker Concentrations (ng/mL) for
Three Pollutants and Metabolites Measured in the Urine of Participating NC
Children3
Strata
N
%
Detected
Arith.
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Geoni.
Mean
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
3,5,6-TCP
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
128
107
21
59
65
65
63
98
98
100
98
99
97
100
7.28
7.28
7.28
6.55
8.02
8.12
6.42
10.3
10.9
6.93
7.36
12.7
13.7
4.76
5.22
5.18
5.46
4.90
5.48
5.15
5.31
3.70
3.68
3.95
3.40
3.81
3.68
3.74
5.26
5.22
5.29
5.08
5.22
5.16
5.29
8.18
8.28
6.51
5.86
10.1
8.27
7.82
15.5
13.3
19.9
19.9
14.7
15.5
12.0
104
104
30.9
49.1
104
104
30.9
2,4-D
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
128
107
21
59
65
65
63
94
94
95
97
91
88
100
0.775
0.812
0.583
0.836
0.707
0.715
0.836
0.561
0.575
0.453
0.558
0.573
0.556
0.565
0.594
0.624
0.465
0.665
0.522
0.519
0.684
0.343
0.349
0.280
0.405
0.276
0.245
0.412
0.652
0.690
0.430
0.736
0.510
0.510
0.707
1.09
1.10
0.656
1.10
0.945
1.07
1.10
1.97
2.11
1.40
1.97
2.11
1.93
2.17
2.64
2.64
1.97
2.64
2.61
2.41
2.64
Pentachlorophenol
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
128
107
21
59
65
65
63
89
89
91
95
85
80
98
0.605
0.639
0.433
0.659
0.571
0.641
0.567
0.629
0.672
0.280
0.625
0.649
0.734
0.500
0.433
0.447
0.369
0.498
0.388
0.419
0.448
0.262
0.258
0.290
0.296
0.220
0.246
0.281
0.394
0.400
0.328
0.460
0.335
0.370
0.402
0.654
0.694
0.500
0.773
0.564
0.658
0.646
1.92
2.43
0.901
1.92
2.43
2.70
1.38
3.45
3.45
1.33
3.45
3.08
3.45
2.84
a For a given study subject, multiple sample results have been log-transformed (after replacing not detected results by the MDL divided by the
square root of 2), averaged, and exponentiated back to regular units prior to summarizing the data within a stratum. This result is labeled as
"detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of participants having data entering into
the summaries.
9-59
-------
Table 9.5.8 Summary of Unadjusted Urinary Biomarker Concentrations (ng/mL) for
Three Pollutants and Metabolites Measured in the Urine of Participating OH
Children3
Strata
N
%
Detected
Arith.
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Geoni.
Mean
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
3,5,6-TCP
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
122
107
15
40
70
67
55
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
5.61
5.68
5.08
5.68
5.69
6.05
5.06
3.38
3.43
3.07
3.11
3.59
3.73
2.84
4.64
4.71
4.21
4.89
4.60
4.90
4.34
2.87
2.90
2.08
3.38
2.73
3.01
2.68
5.07
4.79
5.28
5.15
5.12
5.28
4.43
7.33
7.50
6.12
7.42
7.78
9.08
6.88
12.3
12.8
12.3
12.0
13.3
12.9
11.2
15.3
15.3
12.3
14.1
15.3
15.3
12.8
2,4-D
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
126
109
17
40
73
69
57
98
98
100
100
97
97
100
1.32
1.32
1.30
1.36
1.37
1.50
1.10
1.59
1.68
0.904
1.14
1.90
1.84
1.21
0.927
0.902
1.11
1.03
0.908
1.03
0.816
0.566
0.560
0.857
0.589
0.550
0.710
0.525
1.02
0.994
1.15
1.12
1.02
1.16
0.809
1.35
1.34
1.36
1.60
1.33
1.44
1.17
3.59
3.59
4.35
3.97
7.04
4.35
3.21
12.5
12.5
4.35
5.63
12.5
12.5
7.55
Pentachlorophenol
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low-Income
Mid/High-Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
126
109
17
40
73
69
57
99
99
100
100
99
99
100
1.27
1.23
1.52
1.05
1.47
1.54
0.946
2.20
2.32
1.19
0.884
2.80
2.89
0.638
0.876
0.830
1.25
0.797
0.959
0.993
0.753
0.536
0.520
0.871
0.486
0.640
0.640
0.483
0.835
0.755
1.24
0.769
0.876
0.920
0.738
1.39
1.38
1.52
1.59
1.39
1.39
1.36
2.71
2.47
5.23
2.33
3.56
3.96
2.37
23.8
23.8
5.23
5.02
23.8
23.8
2.71
* For a given study subject, multiple sample results have been log-transformed (after replacing not detected results by the MDL divided by the
square root of 2), averaged, and exponentiated back to regular units prior to summarizing the data within a stratum. This result is labeled as
"detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of participants having data entering into
the summaries.
9-60
-------
Analyte
Analyte
Analyte
Analyte
Figure 9.5.9 Boxplots of Urinary Biomarker Concentrations for Participating NC and OH Children and Adults, for Eight
Pollutants
9-61
-------
Section 9.3.2, a ratio of least-squares geometric mean concentrations was calculated between the
above pairs of strata, along with an approximate 95% confidence interval on this ratio.
For children's potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose estimates, ratios and
confidence intervals are presented by pollutant and exposure route in Appendix R (Table R-l for
NC and Table R-2 for OH). These ratios are of the least-squares geometric mean for the first
stratum specified in the column heading versus the second specified stratum, and 95%
confidence intervals are shown in parentheses. The t-test applied to the log-transformed data also
is a test of whether this ratio differs significantly from one; p-values associated with these tests
are also given in Appendix R, within the second, third, and fourth columns in Table R-3 (for NC)
and Table R-4 (for OH).
Table 9.5.9 has condensed the information presented in Tables R-l and R-2 of Appendix
R by presenting only those ratios which were significantly different from one at the 0.05 level.
Thus, Table 9.5.9 contains one row for each combination of pollutant, parameter, and exposure
route having at least one of the three ratios significantly different from one at the 0.05 level in
either state. When a ratio is not specified in this table and a dash does not appear in its place
(meaning that the criteria placed on the percentage of detected concentrations entering into
calculation of the exposure/dose estimate were met for performing statistical analysis), then the
ratio was not significantly different from one at the 0.05 level.
To illustrate how to interpret the numbers in Table 9.5.9 and Tables R-l and R-2,
analysis of 3,5,6-TCP data from OH suggest that potential exposure level via inhalation is about
70% higher in low-income children than in middle/high-income children (ratio=1.70), and
potential exposure level via indirect ingestion is about 81% higher in day care children than in
stay-at-home children (ratio=1.81). Both are significantly different from one at the 0.05 level
but not at the 0.01 level.
For the urinary biomarker concentrations, ratios between the specified strata and 95%
confidence intervals on these ratios are presented by pollutant in Appendix R (Table R-5 for NC
and Table R-6 for OH). For a given state, these concentrations were statistically analyzed, and
ratios were reported, only for those pollutants in which at least 50% of urine samples had
detected concentrations. P-values associated with t-tests applied to the log-transformed urinary
biomarker concentrations to test whether these ratios differ significantly from one are also given
in Appendix R, within the second, third, and fourth columns in Table R-7 (for NC) and Table
R-8 (for OH). Among all ratios reported in Table R-5 and R-6 of Appendix R, significant
differences from one were reported only for 2,4-D in OH, where the geometric mean for OH
stay-at-home children was about 65% of the geometric mean for OH day care children under
each form of the urinary concentration (i.e., unadjusted, creatinine-adjusted, specific gravity-
adjusted).
9-62
-------
Table 9.5.9 Estimated Ratios Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Potential
Exposure and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in Participating NC and
OH Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different from One at
the 0.05 Level3
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Exposure/Dose Parameter
and Pathway
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means
(When Significantly Different from 1 at the 0.05 Level)
North Carolina
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
Day Care
vs. Home
Ohio
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
Day Care
vs. Home
OP Pesticides and Metabolites
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Exposure/Dietary Ingestionb
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion0
Dose/Dietary Ingestiond
Dose/Indirect Ingestion6
Aggregated Exposure5
Aggregated Dose8
Expo sure/Inhalation11
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation1
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Aggregated Exposure
Aggregated Dose
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Aggregated Exposure
Aggregated Dose
2.24*
2.14*
0.65*
0.60**
0.61*
0.56**
1.82*
1.76*
2.00**
2.06**
1.64*
1.66*
1.70*
1.73*
2.52**
2.33*
2.02*
1.37**
3.45**
1.88*
1.28*
3.22*
1.66*
1.52*
1.81*
Pyrethroid Pesticides
Cyfluthrin
cw-Permethrin
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Aggregated Exposure
Aggregated Dose
2.38**
2.26**
2.47*
2.44*
3.14**
1.95*
2 92**
2.34*
2.16*
9-63
-------
Table 9.5.9 Estimated Ratios Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Potential
Exposure and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in Participating NC and
OH Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different from One at
the 0.05 Level3 (cont.)
Pollutant/
Metabolite
trans-Permetbnn
Exposure/Dose Parameter
and Pathway
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means
(When Significantly Different from 1 at the 0.05 Level)
North Carolina
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
2.45**
2.31**
Day Care
vs. Home
Ohio
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
Day Care
vs. Home
2 92**
2.72*
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
3 39**
3.68**
0.27**
0.25**
2.23**
1.59*
0.54*
1.94*
0.47*
2.80*
2.84*
0.29**
0.29**
PAHs
Benz[a]anthracene
Benzo[fc]fluoranthene
Benzo[fc]fluoranthene
Benzofg/w'Jperylene
Benzo[a]pyrene
Benzo[e]pyrene
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
1.58*
1.52*
1.25*
1.57**
1.51*
1.36*
1.31*
1.81*
3.69**
3.65**
3.55**
3.52**
3.18**
3.16**
3.18**
3.16**
3.35**
3.32**
3.23**
3.21**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.43**
0.41**
0.41**
0.43**
0.44**
3.29**
3.08**
3.15**
2.94**
3.16**
2.95**
3.12**
2 92**
3.09**
2.89**
3.04**
2.84**
9-64
-------
Table 9.5.9 Estimated Ratios Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Potential
Exposure and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in Participating NC and
OH Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different from One at
the 0.05 Level3 (cont.)
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Chrysene
Dibenzfa,/!]
anthracene
lndeno[l,2,3-cd]
pyrene
Exposure/Dose Parameter
and Pathway
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means
(When Significantly Different from 1 at the 0.05 Level)
North Carolina
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
1.57**
1.52*
1.48*
1.43*
Day Care
vs. Home
Ohio
Urban
vs.
Rural
3.51**
3.47**
3.50**
3.47**
3.34**
3.31**
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
0.42**
0.42**
0.44**
0.44**
0.43**
0.43**
Day Care
vs. Home
3.24**
3.03**
3.19**
2.98**
3.20**
3.00**
Phthalates
Benzylbutylphthalate
Di-w-butylphthalate
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Exposure/Indirect Ingestion
Dose/Inhalation
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Dose/Indirect Ingestion
Aggregated Exposure
Aggregated Dose
-
-
-
-
0.58*
-
-
1.77**
1.54**
0.65*
0.63*
2.83**
2.73**
2.44*
2.54**
1.44*
2.17**
2.02**
1.34*
1.87*
1.88**
2.07**
1.76*
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Expo sure/Inhalation
Exposure/Dietary Ingestion
Dose/Dietary Ingestion
Aggregated Exposure
Aggregated Dose
2.47**
2.19**
2.12**
1.85**
1.38*
9-65
-------
Table 9.5.9 Estimated Ratios Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Potential
Exposure and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in Participating NC and
OH Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different from One at
the 0.05 Level3 (cont.)
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Exposure/Dose Parameter
and Pathway
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means
(When Significantly Different from 1 at the 0.05 Level)
North Carolina
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
Day Care
vs. Home
Ohio
Urban
vs.
Rural
Low- vs.
Mid/High-
Income
Day Care
vs. Home
PCBs
PCB101 (Exposure/Inhalation ||
II
1.73*
a Dashed cells indicate that no analysis was performed on the exposure/dose estimates for the given exposure route due to the sample media
entering into their calculation not achieving requirements on the percentage of detected measures. Blank cells indicate that a ratio was estimated
but was not significantly different from one at the 0.05 level. Note that pollutants, or exposure routes for a given pollutant, have been excluded
from this table if all cells within the rows corresponding to these pollutants or exposure routes would have been blank or dashed within this table.
All estimated ratios for each exposure route and each pollutant, along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals on these ratios, are presented
in Table R-l (NC) and Table R-2 (OH) of Appendix R.
b Potential exposure level via dietary ingestion
0 Potential exposure level via indirect ingestion
d Potential absorbed dose via dietary ingestion
' Potential absorbed dose via indirect ingestion
f Aggregated potential exposure level
8 Aggregated potential absorbed dose
h Potential exposure level via inhalation
1 Potential absorbed dose via inhalation
* Statistically significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Statistically significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
9.5.4.1 Results of Analyses on NC Exposure/Dose Estimates and Urinary Biomarker
Concentrations
Between urban and rural NC children, potential exposure level and potential absorbed
dose differed significantly at the 0.01 level in only one instance: for 2,4-D via indirect ingestion.
On average, urban NC children had estimated potential exposure/dose estimates for 2,4-D via
indirect ingestion that exceeded three times that of rural NC children.
Significant differences between low-income and middle/high-income strata in estimated
potential exposure and/or absorbed dose via inhalation for NC children were observed at the 0.01
level for cis- and /rara'-permethrin and chrysene, and at the 0.05 level for five other PAHs
(benzo[&]fluoranthene, benzo[A;]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[e]pyrene, and
indeno[l,2,3-cJ]pyrene) and diazinon. Via the inhalation route, low-income NC children tended
to have 36% to 58% higher exposure levels and absorbed doses of the PAHs compared to
middle/high-income children, and from 100% to 150% higher exposure levels and absorbed
doses for diazinon, cis- and ^ram'-permethrin. Via the indirect ingestion route, significant
differences existed in potential exposures and absorbed dose at the 0.01 level for 2,4-D, where
low-income NC children experienced only 25% of the potential exposure levels and absorbed
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doses compared to middle/high-income children. For 3,5,6-TCP, significant differences were
observed at the 0.01 level for potential absorbed dose via the dietary ingestion route and for
aggregate potential absorbed dose (and at the 0.05 level for potential exposure level via indirect
ingestion and for aggregate potential exposure), where low-income NC children averaged about
60% of the potential exposures and absorbed doses compared to middle/high-income children.
Compared to stay-at-home children, NC children who attend day care centers were
associated with 59% to 123% higher estimated potential exposure levels and absorbed doses to
2,4-D via the inhalation and dietary ingestion routes, but approximately 50% lower
exposures/doses via the indirect ingestion route. These differences were statistically significant
at the 0.05 level, with one (exposure via inhalation) significant at the 0.01 level. These two
groups of children also differed significantly at the 0.01 level in estimated potential exposure
levels and absorbed doses via dietary ingestion for bisphenol-A and via inhalation for di-n-
butylphthalate. In each case, day care children tended to have from 54% to 147% higher
estimated exposure or absorbed dose estimates compared to stay-at-home children. For
bisphenol-A, the estimated aggregated potential exposure and absorbed dose for day care
children was significantly different from (and approximately twice as high as) stay-at-home
children at the 0.01 level.
Table R-5 of Appendix R shows that statistical analysis of urinary biomarker
concentration was limited to 2,4-D, 3,5,6-TCP, and pentachlorophenol, as these were the only
pollutants that were analyzed in urine (out of six) and detected in at least 50% of the samples for
NC children. IMP measurements in NC urine samples were not statistically analyzed because
the analytical method did not provide adequate quantitative recoveries. Urine concentrations for
participating NC children did not differ significantly at the 0.05 level between the three pairs of
strata (urban vs. rural, low-income vs. middle/high-income, day care vs. stay-at-home children)
for these three pollutants, regardless of whether the concentrations were adjusted for specific
gravity or creatinine levels.
9.5.4.2 Results of Analyses on OH Exposure/Dose Estimates and Urinary Biomarker
Concentrations
Between urban and rural OH children, estimated potential exposure level and potential
absorbed dose via the indirect ingestion route differed significantly at the 0.01 level for all nine
target PAHs, where urban OH children had estimated potential exposure/dose estimates that
were from three to four times as high, on average, than rural OH children, and at the 0.05 level
for cyfluthrin and 2,4-D, where estimates for urban OH children were from two to three times as
high as rural children. For di-w-butylphthalate via the inhalation route, estimated potential
exposure/dose estimates for urban OH children differed significantly at the 0.05 level and were
only about 65% of the estimates for rural OH children, on average. For those pollutants having
aggregate exposure/dose calculated, no significant differences were observed at the 0.05 level
between urban and rural OH children.
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Significant differences between low-income and middle/high-income OH children in
potential exposure and/or absorbed dose were observed at the 0.01 level for 2,4-D and all target
PAHs via indirect ingestion and for chlorpyrifos via dietary ingestion. When significant
differences occurred via indirect ingestion, low-income OH children tended to have
exposures/doses that were 30% to 45% lower than middle/high-income OH children. In
contrast, low-income OH children had chlorpyrifos exposures via dietary ingestion that were
twice as high on average as for middle/high-income OH children. Exposures via inhalation to
bisphenol-A and 3,5,6-TCP were 38% and 70% higher, respectively, for low-income children
compared to middle/high-income children, but these were significant only at the 0.05 level. For
those pollutants having aggregate exposure/dose calculated, significant differences in these
aggregated estimates between low-income and middle/high-income OH children were observed
only for chlorpyrifos and at the 0.05 level, with low-income children averaging about 65%
higher estimates for both potential exposure and absorbed dose.
Significant differences in potential exposure and/or potential absorbed dose estimates
between OH day care children and OH stay-at-home children were observed at the 0.01 level for
chlorpyrifos, the nine target PAHs, benzylbutylphthalate, and c/'s-permethrin via indirect
ingestion; for cis- and fr'am'-permethrin via dietary ingestion; and for diazinon,
benzylbutylphthalate, and di-w-butylphthalate via both exposure routes. In all of these instances,
day care children averaged higher exposures and/or doses compared to stay-at-home children.
The largest differences occurred with the PAHs and diazinon via indirect ingestion, where
exposure/dose estimates averaged over three times higher for day care children than for stay-at-
home children. Aggregate potential exposure level and/or aggregate potential absorbed dose
differed significantly between day care and stay-at-home children at the 0.01 level for di-w-
butylphthalate, and at the 0.05 level for diazinon and cis- and trans-permethnn, with the largest
differences between the two groups occurring for the two permethrins (where day care children
averaged more than double the exposure levels and/or doses compared to stay-at-home children
when they differed significantly).
Table R-6 of Appendix R shows that statistical analysis of urinary biomarker
concentration was performed for five pollutants (2,4-D, 3,5,6-TCP, 1-hydroxypyrene,
pentachlorophenol, 3-PBA) that were analyzed in urine for OH and were detected in at least 50%
of the samples for OH children. Urine concentrations differed significantly at the 0.05 level
between day care and stay-at-home OH children only for 2,4-D, with this result holding for
unadjusted and adjusted urine concentrations. Here, day care children tended to have 2,4-D
concentrations in urine samples that were only about 65% of the concentrations for stay-at-home
children. No other significant differences between strata were observed for any other pollutant,
regardless of whether the concentrations were adjusted for specific gravity or creatinine levels.
9.5.4.3 Comparing Potential Exposure, Potential Absorbed Dose, and Urine Concentrations
Between Children and Adults in the Same Household
For potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose, Table R-9 of Appendix R
presents estimated ratios of geometric means for NC children versus adults in the same
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household for a given exposure route, along with 95% confidence intervals on this ratio. Table
R-10 presents the same results for the urinary biomarker concentrations for NC. The
corresponding tables for the OH portion of the study are Table R-l 1 (potential exposure level
and potential absorbed dose) and Table R-12 (urinary biomarker) of Appendix R. In Tables R-9
through R-12, a ratio of greater than one implies that the given exposure or dose measurement
tended to be higher for the monitored child than for the child's adult caregiver in the same
household. The columns of these tables specify the strata for which the ratio represents, with the
first of these columns representing the entire set of study households within the given state. P-
values for the statistical tests which were below 0.05 (indicating significant differences at the
0.05 level) are found in the last four columns of Table R-3 (for NC potential exposure and
absorbed dose), Table R-4 (for OH potential exposure and absorbed dose), Table R-7 (for NC
urinary biomarker concentrations) and Table R-8 (for OH urinary biomarker concentrations) in
Appendix R.
For both states and for nearly all exposure routes, statistically significant differences
were observed at the 0.01 level in potential exposure/dose estimates for each target pollutant
between participating children and their adult caregivers living in the same households. The
nature of the differences between children and adults was heavily influenced by the
physiological and behavioral differences between them. For example, via the inhalation route,
children tended to have lower potential exposures to these pollutants than their adult caregivers,
but this was primarily due to their lower ventilation rates. In contrast, potential absorbed doses
were higher for children than for adults because of their smaller body weights. Via the indirect
ingestion route, children tended to have higher potential exposure/dose levels than adults, partly
because children tend to have higher soil and dust ingestion rates than adults due to their
different activity patterns. For the dietary ingestion route, statistical analyses to compare children
and adult exposures could be performed only on 2,4-D, PCP, and 3,5,6-TCP data, due to neutral
pollutants not being measured in adult food samples. When significant differences were present
between children and adults for potential exposure/dose via dietary ingestion, children tended to
have higher estimates than adults. For both states, estimated aggregate potential absorbed dose
levels for 2,4-D and 3,5,6-TCP differed significantly at the 0.01 level between children and their
adult caregivers within the same household, with children having roughly 4 to 5 times the
potential absorbed dose compared to adults.
The estimates in Table R-10 of Appendix R indicate that there is no statistically
significant difference in urinary 2,4-D concentrations (ng/mL) at the 0.05 level between
participating NC children and adults in the same household when the concentrations are either
unadjusted or adjusted for specific gravity. However, if adjusted for creatinine (|imole/mole),
2,4-D concentrations averaged about 80% higher in children samples versus adult samples. This
difference was statistically significant at the 0.01 level, as were differences associated with
children in NC urban areas, from low-income families, or who attended day care centers. When
either unadjusted or adjusted for specific gravity, urinary concentrations in children were from
30% to 40% higher than their adult caregivers for PCP and 3,5,6-TCP, with the differences being
statistically significant at the 0.05 level. However, when urinary concentrations were adjusted
for creatinine levels, these differences became considerably larger and significant at the 0.01
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level. This trend (i.e., children having higher concentrations of 2,4-D, PCP, and 3,5,6-TCP
compared to their adult caregivers) agreed with that seen for estimated aggregate potential
absorbed dose in Table R-9.
The descriptive statistics of NC urinary biomarker concentrations, found in Appendix P,
show that two hydroxy-PAHs were detected in fewer children's urine samples than adults' urine
samples. These two pollutants were detected in less than 3% of all children's urine samples
(n=128). In contrast, detectable levels of l-hydroxybenz[a]anthracene and 3-hydroxychrysene
were found in approximately 31% and 8%, respectively, of adults' urine samples (n=128). In the
previous pilot study (7), these two hydroxy-PAHs were detected in more than 70% of the urine
samples (24 children and 24 adults). This greater detection in the earlier study is primarily due
to the analytical method used in the previous study, which was targeted at PAH metabolites and
had a lower estimated detection limits (-0.01 ng/mL). The method used for the CTEPP study
was modified in order to include metabolites from other pollutant classes such as 2,4-D, PCP,
and 3,5,6-TCP, which increased the estimated detection limit for hydroxy-PAHs to -0.2 ng/mL.
For all five pollutants included in the analysis of OH urine data and in Table R-12, urine
concentrations adjusted for creatinine levels differed significantly at the 0.01 level between OH
children and adults in the same household, both overall and separately within each stratum.
These creatinine-adjusted concentrations were higher in children samples by factors of 2 or 3
compared to adult samples. If no adjustment is made or when adjusting for specific gravity,
urine concentrations differed significantly between children and adults at the 0.01 level for only
three of the five pollutants (i.e., all but 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid), and the
extent to which children's concentrations were higher than adults was less than when a
creatinine adjustment was made. Selected strata (rural, middle/high-income, day care children)
did not see a significant difference at the 0.05 level between children and adults for 2,4-D urine
concentrations that were either unadjusted or adjusted for specific gravity.
The descriptive statistics of OH urinary biomarker concentrations, found in Appendix Q,
show that seven hydroxy-PAHs, 2,4-D, 3,5,6-TCP, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and PCP were
measured in OH children and adults' urine samples. While IMP was also measured, the
analytical method employed in this study could not provide quantitative recoveries for IMP,
which contributed to less than 10% of urine samples having measurable levels of IMP.
Detectable concentrations for 2,4-D, 3,5,6-TCP, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and PCP were found in
most urine samples. While most OH children and adult urine samples had detectable
concentrations for 1-hydroxypyrene, fewer urine samples had detectable levels of 1- and 3-
hydroxybenz[a]anthracene and 3- and 6-hydroxy chrysene.
9.6 Goal 4: To Apportion Exposures among the Inhalation, Dietary Ingestion, and
Indirect Ingestion Routes
For the eight pollutants and metabolites listed at the end of Section 9.2, aggregate
potential exposure level and aggregate potential absorbed dose were estimated by summing the
route-specific exposure/dose estimates across the three exposure routes characterized in this
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study (inhalation, dietary ingestion, and indirect ingestion). The statistical analyses performed in
support of Goal 4 characterized how these aggregate exposure/dose estimates were apportioned
across the three exposure routes, so that the routes could be evaluated based on their contribution
to total exposure/dose.
9.6.1 Sub-goal 4.1: To Estimate the Proportion of Aggregated Exposure and Dose that is
Associated with a Given Exposure Route for Participating Children, Overall and by
Stratum
Analysis #1 under Goal 4 involved calculating the proportion of aggregate potential
exposure level and absorbed dose under each exposure route for each child participant, then
fitting the logistic regression model (8-8) in Section 8.5.2.3 to these proportions to estimate
mean proportions as a function of urbanicity, income category, and day care status. Table 9.6.1
contains estimates of the mean proportions that are attributable to each exposure route,
calculated separately by pollutant and state across all participating children. Tables 9.6.2 and
9.6.3 contain mean proportions by stratum for NC and OH children, respectively, when the test
for significance of the given strata (i.e., urban and rural strata, low-income and middle/high-
income strata, or stay-at-home and day care strata) on the overall proportion was significant at
the 0.05 level. Tables S-l and S-2 of Appendix S contain estimates of mean proportions for each
stratum and exposure route and 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions, for
participating children in NC and OH, respectively. Results presented in these tables represent
mean proportions of both aggregate potential exposure level and aggregate potential absorbed
dose.
Note that in some cases, the outcome of the statistical analysis presented in Tables 9.6.2
and 9.6.3, as well as Tables S-l through S-4 in Appendix S, suggested that a significant stratum
effect was present when, in fact, the estimated mean proportions within the different strata were
either each very large or very small. Such an outcome does not necessarily suggest that the
difference in the estimated proportion between the strata was significant from a practical
standpoint. Thus, caution should be taken in making inferences from the results in these tables
when the overall mean percentages for certain exposure routes were either very small (e.g., less
than 5%) or very large (e.g., greater than 95%).
Among the adults in this study, exposure and dose estimates for all three exposure routes,
and therefore aggregate exposure/dose estimates, could be characterized for only two of the eight
pollutants (2,4-D and 3,5,6-TCP). This is because adult food samples were not analyzed for the
other six pollutants, and therefore, dietary exposure/dose estimates could not be calculated for
them. For these two pollutants, Table 9.6.4 contains estimates of the mean proportions
attributable to each exposure route as calculated over all participating adult caregivers, by
pollutant and state. Tables S-3 and S-4 of Appendix S contain estimates of mean proportions for
each stratum and exposure route, as well as 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions,
for participating adults in NC and OH, respectively. Note from these two tables that for NC and
OH adults, the stratum effect on the overall proportion was not significant at the 0.05 level for
either of the two pollutants or for any of the exposure routes.
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Table 9.6.1. Estimated Mean Proportion of Aggregate Potential Exposure Level and
Potential Absorbed Dose in Participating NC and OH Children That is
Attributable to Each Exposure Route, Calculated Across All Children"
Pollutant/Metabolite
Estimate of the Overall Mean Proportion of Aggregate Exposure/Dose
in Participating Children
North Carolina
Inhalation
Dietary
Ingestion
Indirect
Ingestion
Ohio
Inhalation
Dietary
Ingestion
Indirect
Ingestion
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
0.39
0.40
0.03
0.54
0.55
0.95
0.06
0.05
0.02
Pyrethroid Pesticides
c/5-Permethrin
/raws-Permethrin
0.05
0.04
0.55
0.57
0.39
0.37
0.19
0.33
0.02
0.76
0.62
0.98
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.56
0.58
0.39
0.37
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
0.03
0.95
0.02
0.03
0.92
0.03
Phthalates
Di-w-butylphthalate
0.06
0.93
0.01
0.18
0.80
0.02
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
0.01
0.99
<0.01
0.01
0.99
O.01
* Estimates of mean proportions are based on a logistic regression analysis fitted to the mean proportions calculated for each participating child.
Estimated 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions are given in the second column of Table S-l (NC) and Table S-2 (OH) of
Appendix S.
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Table 9.6.2 Estimated Mean Proportion of Aggregate Potential Exposure Level and
Potential Absorbed Dose in Participating NC Children That is Attributable
to Each Exposure Route, Calculated by Stratum, When Differences Between
Pairs of Strata Were Significant at the 0.05 Level"
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Exposure Route
Stratum
Estimate of
Stratum Mean
Proportion
P-value of Test
for Significant
Stratum Effect
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Inhalation
Indirect Ingestion
Inhalation
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
0.46
0.34
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.008**
0.049*
0.018*
0.019*
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cw-Permethrin
/raws-Permethrin
Inhalation
Inhalation
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
0.07
0.03
0.07
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.020*
0.004**
0.048*
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Indirect Ingestion
Urban Children
Rural Children
Urban Children
Rural Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
0.92
0.96
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.038*
0.021*
0.009**
Phthalates
Di-w-butylphthalate
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Urban Children
Rural Children
Urban Children
Rural Children
0.91
0.94
0.08
0.05
0.014*
0.010*
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Non-Daycare Children
Daycare Children
Non-Daycare Children
Daycare Children
0.98
0.99
0.02
0.01
0.001**
0.001**
a Estimates of mean proportions for specific strata are based on a logistic regression analysis fitted to the mean proportions calculated for each
participating child. Estimated 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions are given in the fourth column of Table S-1 of Appendix S.
* Statistically significant at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
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Table 9.6.3 Estimated Mean Proportion of Aggregate Potential Exposure Level and
Potential Absorbed Dose in Participating OH Children That is Attributable
to Each Exposure Route, Calculated by Stratum, When Differences Between
Pairs of Strata Were Significant at the 0.05 Level"
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Exposure Route
Stratum
Estimate of
Stratum Mean
Proportion
P-value of Test
for Significant
Stratum Effect
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Indirect Ingestion
Indirect Ingestion
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.07
0.97
0.99
0.03
0.01
0.001**
0.038*
0.009**
0.023*
0.010**
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cw-Permethrin
/raws-Permethrin
Inhalation
Inhalation
Urban Children
Rural Children
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Urban Children
Rural Children
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.06
0.05
0.03
0.010*
0.001**
0.015*
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Dietary Ingestion
Indirect Ingestion
Low-Income Children
Middle/High-Income Children
Urban Children
Rural Children
0.95
0.89
0.07
0.02
0.040*
O.001**
Phthalates
Di-w-butylphthalate
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Indirect Ingestion
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
Non-Day Care Children
Day Care Children
0.76
0.84
0.22
0.15
0.02
0.01
0.017*
0.047*
0.008**
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Dietary Ingestion
Inhalation
Non-Daycare Children
Daycare Children
Urban Children
Rural Children
0.99
0.99
0.01
0.00
0.015*
0.039*
a Estimates of mean proportions for specific strata are based on a logistic regression analysis fitted to the mean proportions calculated for each
participating child. Estimated 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions are given in the fourth column of Table S-2 of Appendix S.
* Statistically significant at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
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Table 9.6.4 Estimated Mean Proportion of Aggregate Potential Exposure Level and
Potential Absorbed Dose in Participating NC and OH Adults That is
Attributable to Each Exposure Route, Calculated Across All Adults"
Pollutant/Metabolite
3,5,6-TCP
2,4-D
Estimate of the Overall Mean Proportion in Participating Adults
North Carolina
Inhalation
0.05
0.05
Dietary
Ingestion
0.94
0.93
Indirect
Ingestion
0.01
0.01
Ohio
Inhalation
0.02
0.04
Dietary
Ingestion
0.98
0.93
Indirect
Ingestion
<0.01
0.03
* Estimates of mean proportions are based on a logistic regression analysis fitted to the mean proportions calculated for each participating adult.
Estimated 95% confidence intervals on these mean proportions are given in the second column of Table S-3 (NC) and Table S-4 (OH) of
Appendix S.
For NC children, the dietary ingestion exposure route was the dominant of the three
routes for each of the eight pollutants, with the mean proportion exceeding 85% for 3,5,6-TCP,
2,4-D, di-w-butylphthalate, and bisphenol-A (Table 9.6.1). Similar results were observed for
3,5,6-TCP and 2,4-D in NC adults (Table 9.6.4). For the two OP pesticides (chlorpyrifos and
diazinon), the mean proportion for the inhalation route in NC children was approximately 40%;
this proportion was the highest seen for the inhalation route among the eight pollutants. (The
estimated mean proportion for inhalation was less than 10% for each of the other six pollutants.)
The mean percentage for the indirect ingestion route in NC children was below 10% for each
pollutant except cis- and ^ram'-permethrin, where the estimated percentages were 39% and 37%,
respectively.
For OH children, the dietary ingestion exposure route was also the dominant of the three
routes for each of the eight pollutants (Table 9.6.1). The mean proportion for the dietary
ingestion route exceeded 90% for 3,5,6-TCP and 2,4-D (as it also did for OH adults), equaled
99% for bisphenol-A, equaled 80% for di-w-butylphthalate, exceeded 60% for the two OP
pesticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon), and exceeded 50% for cis- and /ram'-permethrin. The
mean proportion for the inhalation route was largest for diazinon at 33%. The mean percentage
for the indirect ingestion route was below 10% for most pollutants except for cis- and trans-
permethrin, where the estimated percentages were 39% and 37%, respectively.
Because the two OP pesticides are more volatile than the two pyrethroid pesticides, this
could partly contribute to differences in the level of importance of the exposure routes
(inhalation vs. indirect ingestion) to total exposure/dose that was seen for both states.
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9.6.2 Sub-goal 4.2: For Each Exposure Route, Determine if This Proportion Differs for
Children in Urban and Rural Settings, from Low-and Middle/High-Income Families,
and Who Attend Day Care or Stay at Home
The last column in Tables S-l through S-4 of Appendix S contains p-values of tests
performed in the logistic regression model fitting, with the tests determining whether the
estimated mean proportion of total exposure/dose differs significantly between two strata for a
given exposure route and pollutant. These tests were performed for three pairs of strata: low-
income and middle/high-income level, urban and rural strata, and day care and stay-at-home
children. For proportions of total exposure/dose associated with participating NC and OH
children, those p-values falling below 0.05 were documented in the last columns of Tables 9.6.2
and 9.6.3, respectively. (For adults in both NC and OH, none of these p-values in Tables S-3
and S-4 of Appendix S are below 0.05 for either 3,5,6-TCP or 2,4-D.)
For NC children (Table 9.6.2), significant differences in the mean proportion were
observed at the 0.05 level between low-income and middle/high-income strata for diazinon via
the inhalation and indirect ingestion routes, for 3,5,6-TCP and for cis- and ^ram'-permethrin via
the inhalation route, and for 2,4-D via the indirect ingestion route. Significant differences
between urban and rural children were observed at the 0.05 level for 2,4-D and di-n-
butylphthalate via the dietary ingestion and inhalation routes. Significant differences between
day care and non-day care children were observed at the 0.05 level for 3,5,6-TCP via the indirect
ingestion route, for ^ram'-permethrin via the inhalation route, and for bisphenol-A via each route.
However, the estimated proportion of total exposure/dose of bisphenol-A attributed to indirect
ingestion was virtually zero, implying that any difference among strata was not significant from
a practical standpoint.
For OH children (Table 9.6.3), significant differences in the mean proportion were
observed at the 0.05 level between low-income and middle/high-income strata for the two OP
pesticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) via the indirect ingestion route, for 3,5,6-TCP via the
dietary and inhalation routes, for ^ram'-permethrin via the inhalation route, and for 2,4-D via the
dietary ingestion route. Significant differences between OH urban and rural children were
observed at the 0.05 level for bisphenol-A and cis- and trans-permethrin via the inhalation route
and for 2,4-D via the indirect ingestion route. Significant differences between OH stay-at-home
and day care children were observed at the 0.05 level for chlorpyrifos via the indirect ingestion
route, for di-w-butylphthalate in each route, and for bisphenol-A via the dietary ingestion and
inhalation routes.
9.6.3 Sub-goal 4.3: Determine Whether Significant Differences Exist Between Exposure
Routes
Analysis #2 in Section 8.5.2.3 was used to compare average log-transformed potential
exposure level and potential absorbed dose measures between exposure routes. This analysis
involved fitting model (8-9) of Section 8.5.2.3 to log-transformed measures (represented as a
vector of measures for the three exposure routes) within a multivariate analysis of variance
9-76
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(ANOVA). This analysis was performed separately for each pollutant addressed under Goal 4,
as well as separately for potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose, for children and
adults, and for each state.
Results of the multivariate ANOVAs indicated that for each pollutant, highly significant
differences existed between exposure routes for both potential exposure level and potential
absorbed dose (p<0.0001). This result held for both children and adults in NC and OH. This
result was apparent by reviewing the tables in Section 9.6.1, where one exposure route typically
dominated the other two for each pollutant in each state. Note that the model was unable to
converge when being fitted to potential exposure level estimates of c/'s-permethrin in OH
children, and therefore, comparisons between exposure routes could not be performed in this
instance.
9.6.4 Sub-goal 4.4: Characterize How These Estimates Differ Overall Between Pairs of
Exposure Routes
For each pair of exposure routes, each multivariate ANOVA performed in Section 9.6.3
produced estimates of the ratio of geometric mean potential exposure level or potential absorbed
dose between the two routes, along with a 95% confidence interval on the ratio. Tables S-5 and
S-6 of Appendix S present these ratios and confidence intervals for participating children in NC
and OH, respectively. Similarly, Tables S-7 and S-8 present ratios and confidence intervals for
participating adult caregivers in NC and OH, respectively. Each row of these tables corresponds
to a particular fit of the multivariate ANOVA. Those ratios that are significantly different from
one at the 0.05 level are summarized in Table 9.6.5 forNC children, Table 9.6.6 for OH
children, Table 9.6.7 forNC adults, and Table 9.6.8 for OH adults; further discussion of
significant differences from one is found in Section 9.6.5.
For NC children, Table S-5 of Appendix S shows that for all eight pollutants and for both
potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose, ratios of the dietary ingestion route versus
either the inhalation route or the indirect ingestion route exceeded one. This implies that the
estimated geometric mean exposure/dose estimate via dietary ingestion was larger than the
geometric mean for either inhalation or indirect ingestion. Ratios of the inhalation route to the
indirect ingestion route were greater than one for all pollutants but cis- and /ram'-permethrin,
where the indirect ingestion route was more dominant than the inhalation route. For the two
pollutants that were also included in the data analysis for NC adults (3,5,6-TCP and 2,4-D), the
same conclusions held for both adults and children (Tables 9.6.5 and 9.6.6).
9-77
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Table 9.6.5. Estimated Ratios Between Two Exposure Routes of Geometric Mean
Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in
Participating NC Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different
From One at the 0.05 Level3
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Parameter
Ratio of Geometric Means
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Inhalation
Route
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
Inhalation Route vs.
Indirect Ingestion
Route
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
72.58**
72.84**
12.60**
12.61**
20.70**
20.68**
229.05**
230.39**
8.92**
8.93**
14.58**
14.62**
3.16**
3.16**
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cw-Permethrin
trans-Permetbnn
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
22.18**
22.17**
22.02**
21.81**
0.09**
0.09**
0.08**
0.08**
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
48.67**
48.63**
194.41**
193.78**
3 99**
3.98**
Phthalates
Di-w-butylphthalate
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
22.92**
22.61**
126.17**
124.38**
5.50**
5.50**
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
207.17**
207.37**
2235.24**
2212.20**
10.79**
10.67**
a Blank cells correspond to ratios that were not significantly different from one at the 0.05 level. All ratios are presented, regardless of their
significance, along with 95% confidence intervals on these ratios, within Table S-5 of Appendix S.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
9-78
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Table 9.6.6. Estimated Ratios Between Two Exposure Routes of Geometric Mean
Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in
Participating OH Children, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different
From One at the 0.05 Level3
Pollutant/
Metabolite
Parameter
Ratio of Geometric Means
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Inhalation
Route
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
Inhalation Route vs.
Indirect Ingestion
Route
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
6.03**
6.06**
2.04**
2.04**
132.32**
129.55**
30.88**
31.03**
20.68**
20.78**
546.95**
541.95**
5.12**
5.12**
10.15**
10.19**
4.13**
4.18**
Pyrethroid Pesticides
cw-Permethrin
trans-Permetbnn
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
b
22.00**
24.32**
24.29**
--
2.60*
3.52**
3.38**
--
0.12**
0.14**
0.14**
Acid Herbicides
2,4-D
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
52.25**
51.75**
47.52**
47.22**
Phthalates
Di-w-butylphthalate
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
4.68**
4.63**
53.07**
51.94**
11.34**
11.21**
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
181.33**
183.70**
1853.99**
1851.10**
10.22**
10.08**
a Blank cells correspond to ratios that were not significantly different from one at the 0.05 level. All ratios are presented, regardless of their
significance, along with 95% confidence intervals on these ratios, within Table S-6 of Appendix S.
b No ratios were estimated due to the model being unable to converge when fitted to the data.
* Significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
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Table 9.6.7. Estimated Ratios Between Two Exposure Routes of Geometric Mean
Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in
Participating NC Adults, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different
From One at the 0.05 Level3
Parameter
Ratio of Geometric Means
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Inhalation
Route
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
Inhalation Route
vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
41.76**
41.74**
358.70**
358.31**
8.59**
8.58**
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
40.74**
40.88**
379.85**
379.64**
9.32**
9 29**
* Ratios are presented, along with 95% confidence intervals on these ratios, within Table S-7 of Appendix S.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
Table 9.6.8. Estimated Ratios Between Two Exposure Routes of Geometric Mean
Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates in
Participating OH Adults, When These Ratios Were Significantly Different
From One at the 0.05 Level3
Parameter
Ratio of Geometric Means (95%CI)
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Inhalation
Route
Dietary Ingestion
Route vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
Inhalation Route
vs. Indirect
Ingestion Route
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
102.37**
102.51**
907.46**
907.69**
8.86**
8.85**
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Potential Exposure Level
Potential Absorbed Dose
49.33**
49.32**
78.75**
78.63**
a Ratios are presented, along with 95% confidence intervals on these ratios, within Table S-8 of Appendix S.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
9-80
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For OH children, Table S-6 of Appendix S shows that for all eight pollutants and for both
potential exposure level and potential absorbed dose, ratios of the dietary ingestion route versus
either the inhalation route or the indirect ingestion route exceeded one in all instances, indicating
that dietary ingestion was the dominant exposure route. The ratios of the inhalation route to the
indirect ingestion route were greater than one for all pollutants but 2,4-D and cis- and trans-
permethrin. For the two permethrins, Table 9.6.1 showed that the indirect ingestion route was
more dominant than the inhalation route with regard to exposure/dose, while the two routes were
equally inferior to dietary ingestion for 2,4-D. Although the ratio of 2,4-D exposure/dose
estimates between the inhalation route and the indirect ingestion route exceeded one for OH
adults (Table S-8 of Appendix S), implying larger exposure/dose estimates for the inhalation
route in adults, the ratio was not significantly different from one at the 0.05 level for either
children or adults in OH. Note that although the multivariate ANOVA model could not
converge to solutions for potential exposure level in OH children for c/s-permethrin, it is
expected (upon viewing the results for the other pollutants) that the outcome would have been
very similar to that given for potential absorbed dose for this pollutant.
The magnitudes of the ratios presented in the tables in this section, as well as the
conclusions made by these ratios, are consistent with the findings found in the tables within
Section 9.6.1. Note that in Tables S-5 through S-8, the second column presents the p-values of
the tests of significant differences among exposure routes. As mentioned in Section 9.6.3, these
p-values were all less than 0.0001 across all model fits for both NC and OH.
9.6.5 Sub-goal 4.5: Identify Which Pairs of Exposure Routes Differ Significantly in These
Estimates
Within the multivariate ANOVA model fits discussed in Section 9.6.3 and Section 9.6.4,
statistical tests were performed to determine whether the estimated ratios reported in Tables S-5
through S-8 of Appendix S were significantly different from one, thereby indicating that the pair
of exposure routes had significantly different geometric mean exposure/dose measures. Those
ratios that were significantly different from one at the 0.05 are presented in Tables 9.6.5 through
9.6.8, with each ratio followed by either one or two asterisks. One asterisk implies that the ratio
is significantly different from one at the 0.05 level, while two asterisks indicate significance at
the 0.01 level.
For NC children, Table 9.6.5 shows that the ratios of exposure/dose estimates between
dietary ingestion and inhalation were significantly different from (and greater than) one at the
0.01 level for all pollutants but the two OP pesticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon). Similarly, the
ratios between dietary ingestion and indirect ingestion were significantly different from (and
greater than) one at the 0.01 level for all pollutants but cis- and /ram'-permethrin. For all eight
pollutants, the ratio of inhalation to indirect ingestion was significantly different from one at the
0.01 level, but these ratios were smaller than one for cis- and ^ram'-permethrin and larger than
one for the other six pollutants. Thus, these findings indicate that the ordering of the exposure
routes for NC children based upon their relative importance to potential exposure/dose is as
follows:
9-81
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• cis- and ^ram'-permethrin: dietary ingestion ~ indirect ingestion > inhalation.
• chlorpyrifos and diazinon: dietary ingestion ~ inhalation > indirect ingestion
2,4-D, 3,5,6-TCP, di-w-butylphthalate, bisphenol-A:
dietary ingestion > inhalation > indirect ingestion
where "«" indicates statistical equivalence. For 2,4-D and 3,5,6-TCP, the same ordering of the
exposure routes occurred for NC adults as for children (Table 9.6.7).
For OH children, Table 9.6.6 shows that the ratios of exposure/dose estimates between
dietary ingestion and either inhalation or indirect ingestion were significantly different from (and
greater than) one for all eight pollutants, where significance was at the 0.05 level for potential
absorbed dose of c/'s-permethrin (for dietary versus indirect ingestion routes) and at the 0.01
level in all other instances. For seven of the eight pollutants (i.e., all pollutants except 2,4-D),
the ratio of inhalation to indirect ingestion was significantly different from one at the 0.01 level,
but these ratios were smaller than one for cis- and /ram'-permethrin and larger than one for the
other five pollutants. This ratio was not significantly different from one for 2,4-D. Thus, these
findings, along with the magnitude of the reported ratios, indicate that the ordering of the
exposure routes for OH children based upon their relative importance to potential exposure/dose
is as follows:
• cis- and ^ram'-permethrin: dietary ingestion > indirect ingestion > inhalation.
• 2,4-D: dietary ingestion > indirect ingestion ~ inhalation
chlorpyrifos, diazinon, 3,5,6-TCP, di-w-butylphthalate, bisphenol-A:
dietary ingestion > inhalation > indirect ingestion.
For OH adults, the ordering of exposure routes was similar (Table 9.6.8):
• 2,4-D: dietary ingestion > inhalation ~ indirect ingestion
• 3,5,6-TCP: dietary ingestion > inhalation > indirect ingestion.
The findings in this section indicate that dietary ingestion and inhalation are the two most
important exposure routes for children's exposure to the two OP pesticides (chlorpyrifos and
diazinon). This finding is in agreement with the previous pilot study (10). For the less volatile
pyrethroids (cis- and fram'-permethrin), dietary and indirect ingestion were the two most
important exposure routes.
9-82
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References
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Monitoring methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their distribution in house
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2. Nishioka, M. G., Burkholder, H. M., Brinkman, M. C., Gordon, S. M., Lewis, R. G.
Measuring transport of lawn-applied herbicide acids from turf to home: correlation of
dislodgeable 2,4-D turf residues with carpet dust and carpet surface residues. Environ.
Sci. Technol. 30: 3313-3320(1996).
3. Wania, F. and MacKay, D. Tracking the distribution of persistent organic pollutants.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 30(9): 390A-396A (1996).
4. Morgan, M. K., Stout II, D. M., and Wilson, N. K. A feasibility study of the potential for
human exposure to pet-borne diazinon residues following lawn applications. Bull.
Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 66: 295-300 (2000).
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polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure among children of low income families from
inner city and rural areas. Final Report on Cooperative Agreement CR 822073, EPA
600/R-98/163a, 163b, and 163c (1998).
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of children from low-income families that include smokers to polycyclic aromatic
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7. Chuang, J. C., Callahan, P. J., Lyu, C. W., and Wilson, N. K. Polycyclic aromatic
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Epidemiol. 2: 85-98 (1999).
8. Wilson, N. K., Chuang, J. C., and Lyu, C. Levels of persistent organic pollutants in
several child day care centers. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 11: 419-458 (2001).
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M. A., Brackney, L., Hines, C., Davis, D. B., and Menton, R. Evaluation and application
of methods for estimating children's exposure to persistent organic pollutants in multiple
media. EPA 600/R-98/164a, 164b, and 164c, (1998).
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10. Wilson, N. K., Chuang, J. C., Lyu, C. and Morgan, M. K. Aggregate exposures of nine
preschool children to persistent organic pollutants at day care and at home. J. Expo.
Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 13: 187-202 (2003).
11. Wilson, N. K., Chuang, J. C., lachen, R., Lyu, C., Gordon, S. M., Morgan, M. K.,
Ozkaynak, H., and Sheldon, L. S. Design and sampling methodology for a large study of
preschool children's aggregate exposures to persistent organic pollutants in their
everyday environments. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 14, 260-274 (2004).
12. Roberts, J. W., Budd, W. T., Ruby, M. G., Bond, A. E., Lewis, R. G., Weiner, R. W., and
Camann, D. E. Development and Field Testing of a High Volume Sampler for Pesticides
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the potential exposure of small children to pesticides in the residential environment.
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Lebowitz, M.D., and Moschandreas, D.J. Residential environmental measurements in the
National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) Pilot Study in Arizona:
Multimedia results for pesticides and VOCs. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 9: 456-
470, (1999).
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Environ. Health Per sped. 103:276-285, (1995).
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based on the best tracer method. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 1(2): 133-156, (1995).
17. Ross, J.H., Driver, J.H., Cochran, R.C., Thongsinthusak, T., and Krieger, R.I. Could
pesticide toxicology studies be more relevant to occupational risk assessment? Ann.
Occup. Hyg. 2001: 45 (1001): S5-S17.
R-2
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A Pilot Study of
Children's Total Exposure
to Persistent Pesticides and
Other Persistent Organic
Pollutants (CTEPP)
M.K. Morgan, L.S. Sheldon, and C.W. Croghan.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC
J.C. Chuang, R.A. Lordo, N.K. Wilson, C. Lyu,
M. Brinkman, N. Morse, Y.L. Chou,
C. Hamilton, J.K. Finegold, K. Hand,
and S.M. Gordon. Battelle, Columbus, Ohio
PB2006-101286
Volume II: Appendices A-S
EPA/600/R-04/193
Contract Number 68-D-99-011
Task Order 0002
Task Order Project Officer
Marsha K. Morgan
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
National Exposure Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Office of Research and Development
National Exposure Research Laboratory
Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division
Research Triangle Park, NC
-------
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List of Appendices
Appendix A Summary of CTEPP Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) A-l
Appendix B CTEPP North Carolina and Ohio Field Study Recruitment Reports B-l
Appendix C Summary of Analytical Methods for Determining Target Pollutants in Multimedia
Samples C-l
Appendix D Quality Assurance/Quality Control Summary for CTEPP North Carolina and
Ohio Data Collection D-l
Appendix E EPA SAS Program for QA/QC E-l
Appendix F Median Indoor Air Sample Concentrations (ng/m3) in the NC and OH Portions of
the CTEPP study F-l
Appendix G Algorithms for Estimating Daily Ingestion Rate of Dust and Soil in Children
Participants G-l
Appendix H Percentages of NC and OH Multimedia Samples with Pollutant Levels At or
Above the MQL H-l
Appendix I Descriptive Statistics of CTEPP Pollutant/Metabolite Measurements in NC
Multimedia Samples 1-1
Appendix J Descriptive Statistics of CTEPP Pollutant/Metabolite Measurements in OH
Multimedia Samples J-l
Appendix K Detailed Results of Statistical Analyses to Test for Significant Differences in
Multimedia Pollutant Measurements Between Selected Strata, by State and Media
Type K-l
Appendix L Descriptive Statistics of Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose
Estimates for Target Pollutants in Participating NC Children L-l
Appendix M Descriptive Statistics of Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose
Estimates for Target Pollutants in Participating OH Children M-l
Appendix N Descriptive Statistics of Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose
Estimates for Target Pollutants in Participating NC Adults N-l
Appendix O Descriptive Statistics of Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose
Estimates for Target Pollutants in Participating OH Adults O-l
Appendix P Descriptive Statistics of Urinary Biomarker Concentrations for Target Pollutants
in NC Study Participants P-l
Appendix Q Descriptive Statistics of Urinary Biomarker Concentrations for Target Pollutants
in OH Study Participants Q-l
Appendix R Detailed Results of Statistical Analyses Performed on Potential Exposure Level
and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates and on Urinary Biomarker Concentrations
for the Study Participants R-l
Appendix S Detailed Results of Statistical Analyses to Investigate the Apportioning of
Aggregated Potential Exposure Level and Aggregated Potential Absorbed Dose
Estimates for the Study Participants Across Exposure Routes S-l
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Appendix A
Summary of CTEPP Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
A-l
-------
Summary of CTEPP Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
CTEPP SOP Number
CTEPP-SOP-1.10
CTEPP-SOP-1.11
CTEPP-SOP-1.12
CTEPP-SOP-1.13
CTEPP-SOP-1.14
CTEPP-SOP-2.10
CTEPP-SOP-2.11
CTEPP-SOP-2.12
CTEPP-SOP-2.13
CTEPP-SOP-2.14
CTEPP-SOP-2.15
CTEPP-SOP-2.16
CTEPP-SOP-2.17
CTEPP-SOP-2.18
CTEPP-SOP-2.19
CTEPP-SOP-2.20
CTEPP-SOP-2.21
CTEPP-SOP-2.22
CTEPP-SOP-2.23
CTEPP-SOP-2.24
CTEPP-SOP-2.25
CTEPP-SOP-2.26
CTEPP-SOP-2.27
CTEPP-SOP-3.10
CTEPP-SOP-3.11
CTEPP SOPs
1. Subject Recruitment
Sample Selection Procedures
Day care Centers Recruitment Procedures
Telephone Sample Households Recruitment Procedures
Informed Consent Procedures
Assigning ID Numbers Procedures
2. Field Sampling
Household Sampling Schedule Procedures
Field Operations Procedures
Collection of Fixed Site Indoor and Outdoor Air Samples for Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Collection of Food and Drinking Water Samples Procedures
Collection of Urine Samples Procedures
Collection of Dermal Hand Wipe Samples for Persistent Organic Pollutants
Procedures
Collection of Hard Floor Wipe Samples for Persistent Organic Pollutants
Procedures
Collection of Food Preparation Surface Wipe Samples for Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Collection of Dislodgeable Residues - PUF Roller Samples for Persistent
Pollutants Procedures
Organic
Collection of Floor Dust Samples for Persistent Organic Pollutants Procedures
Collection of Soil Samples for Persistent Organic Pollutants Procedures
Collection of Personal Interview Data Procedures
Recording Data Collection Forms Procedures
Video Taping Child Activities Procedures
Handling Missing Samples/Data Procedures
Conducting Internal Field Audit/Quality Control Procedures
Handling Sample/Data Custody Procedures
Conducting Staff and Participant Training Procedures
3. Storing and Shipping Samples & Data Collection Forms
Storing Study Samples Procedures
Packing and Shipping Study Samples Procedures
A-2
-------
CTEPP SOP Number
CTEPP-SOP-3.12
CTEPP-SOP-4.10
CTEPP-SOP-4.11
CTEPP-SOP-4.12
CTEPP-SOP-4.13
CTEPP-SOP-5.10
CTEPP-SOP-5.11
CTEPP-SOP-5.12
CTEPP-SOP-5.13
CTEPP-SOP-5.14
CTEPP-SOP-5.15
CTEPP-SOP-5.16
CTEPP-SOP-5.17
CTEPP-SOP-5.18
CTEPP-SOP-5.19
CTEPP-SOP-5.20
CTEPP-SOP-5.21
CTEPP-SOP-5.22
CTEPP-SOP-5.23
CTEPP-SOP-5.24
CTEPP-SOP-5.25
CTEPP-SOP-5.26
CTEPP SOPs
Shipping and Storing Data Collection Forms Procedures
4. Data Processing
Processing Completed Data Forms Procedures
Maintaining/Recording Electronic Chain of Custody Procedures
Entering or Importing Electronic Data Into CTEPP Data Bases Procedures
Translating Videotapes of Child Activities Procedures
5. Laboratory Procedures
Pre-cleaning Filter and XAD-2 Procedures
Pre-cleaning Filter and PUF Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Air Samples for Analysis of Neutral Persistent Organic
Pollutants Pre-cleaning Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Air Samples for Analysis of Polar Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Dust and Soil Samples for Analysis of Neutral Persistent
Organic Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Dust and Soil Samples for Analysis of Polar Persistent
Organic Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Dermal Wipe Samples for Analysis of Neutral Persistent
Organic Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Surface Wipe Samples for Analysis of Neutral Persistent
Organic Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing PUF Roller Samples for Analysis of Neutral Persistent
Organic Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Liquid Food Samples for Analysis of Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Solid Food Samples for Analysis of Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Urine Samples for Analysis of Hydroxy-PAH,
Pentachlorophenol, and 2,4-D Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Urine Samples for Analysis of 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol
Procedures
Extracting and Preparing Drinking Water Samples for Analysis of Persistent Organic
Pollutants Procedures
Detection and Quantification of Target Analytes by Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS) Procedures
Preparation of Surrogate Recovery Standard and Internal Standard Solutions for
Neutral Target Analytes
Preparation of Surrogate Recovery Standard and Internal Standard Solutions for Polar
Target Analytes
A-3
-------
CTEPP SOP Number
CTEPP-SOP-5.27
CTEPP-SOP-5.28
CTEPP-SOP-5.29
CTEPP SOPs
Extracting and Preparing Dermal Wipe and Surface Wipe Samples for Analysis of
Polar Organic Pollutants
Extracting and Preparing Solid Food Samples for Analysis of Polar Organic Pollutants
Extracting and Preparing Liquid Food Samples for Analysis of Polar Organic
Pollutants
A-4
-------
Appendix B
CTEPP North Caroline and Ohio Field Study Recruitment Reports
-------
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - North Carolina
Page 1
I. Introduction
The research study, "Children's Total Exposure to PersistentPesticides and Other Persistent Organic
Pollutants," (CTEPP) is a pilot-scale project involving about 260 children, which investigates the
possible exposures that young children may have to common contaminants in their everyday
surroundings. These contaminants include several pesticides, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which are suspected of being endocrine disrupters. The
targeted compounds are persistent in the indoor and sometimes the outdoor environments, so that
very low levels may exist in the children's surrounding microenvironments and provide a source of
chronic, non-acute exposure. The primary purposes of the research are to increase our
understanding of children's exposures to persistent pollutants, to gain information on the various
activities, environmental media, and pollutant characteristics that may influence children's
exposures, and to generate further questions and hypotheses for future research.
II Daycare Center Sample Subjects Recruitment
Detailed subjects recruitment procedures and sample selection methods are documented in CTEPP
SOP 1.10 and SOP1.11. NC subjects recruitment was conducted in two phases. Phase I daycare
center subj ects recruitment in four NC counties (Durham, Buncombe, Lee, and Mecklenburg) began
in February 2000 and stopped on February 29, 2000 due to the OMB Y2K Census requirement.
Subjects recruitment resumed in July 2000 and continued through December 2000. Phase I
recruitment achieved 80% of the target subjects recruitment (enrolled 51 of 64 target subjects).
Phase II recruitment was conducted for the two eastern NC counties affected by the flooding that
resulted from Hurricane Floyd (Edgecombe and Jones). Phase II recruitment began on February
26,2001 and was completed on March 30,2001. Twelve additional subjects were enrolled in phase
II. The project has achieved 98% of the NC daycare center subject recruitment target (enrolled 63
of 64 target subjects).
III. Telephone Sample Subjects Recruitment
The sample design utilized for the CTEPP telephone component is intended to fulfill the objectives
of:
• Efficiently identifying telephone households having one or more children in the eligible age
range and meeting the sampling targets in the high and low income domains
• Providing coverage of households with unlisted telephone numbers
With respect to the first obj ective, the Marketing Systems Group (MSG) uses Census data, marketing
research data, and other sources to classify directory-listed households as having one or more
children in the age range of one to five years or no children in that age group. The same data is used
to assign the directory-listed households to an income range. While not all households classified as
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - North Carolina
Page 2
having children in the target age range will indeed have eligible children, the eligibility rate will still
be much higher than a simple random sample of households.
The counts of directory-listed households having children in the target age group for the counties
provided by MSG are considerably less than the Census demographic estimates. A portion of the
eligible households in a study county will be in the group of households that MSG has classified as
having no children in the target age range, but the eligibility rate will still be very small. We must
allocate some percentage of our sample to this group of directory-listed households. To allocate a
greater proportion of our total sample to the first group of households we stratified the directory-
listed households.
All directory-listed households in each of the six study counties were assigned to one of the 4 strata:
1. Directory-listed households with income above $25,000 and having one or more children
in the target age range
2. Directory-listed households with income below or equal to $25,000 and having one or
more children in the target age range
3. Directory-listed households with income above $25,000 and having no children in the
target age range
4. Directory-listed households with income below or equal to $25,000 and having no
children in the target age range
With respect to the second objective, some counties may have as many as 30% of households with
unlisted telephone numbers, therefore some of the eligible households in a study county will have
unlisted telephone numbers. Trying to estimate the eligibility rate for households having unlisted
telephone numbers is difficult. We use a random digit dialing (RDD) approach to give these unlisted
telephone households some chance of selection.
To implement the RDD approach, MSG first identifies all telephone exchanges in the study county.
Telephone exchanges having very low percentages of directory-listed households in the study county
are deleted. From the remaining exchanges, MSG draws a systematic sample of telephone numbers.
Some of these telephone numbers are residential and some are business and nonworking. To prevent
a directory-listed telephone number from being sampled in both the RDD frame and the directory-
listed frame, MSG selects the RDD sample of telephone numbers first. The sampled telephone
numbers are matched to the database of directory-listed telephone numbers. Those telephone numbers
identified as directory-listed are removed from the directory-listed frame prior to the stratification
described above.
Trying to determine the percentage of the total sample that should be allocated to the RDD frame
based is difficult. First, the proportion of working residential telephones can vary considerably from
county to county so trying to estimate the total number of telephone households in this frame is
imprecise. Second, the estimation of the eligibility rate in this frame is imprecise. Since the contact
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - North Carolina
Page3
rate in this frame is substantially lower than any of the four directory-listed strata, the primary
determinant of our allocation is dialing efficiency.
Telephone subjects recruitment for four NC counties (Durham, Buncombe, Lee, and Mecklenburg)
began in July 2000 and completed in November 2000. The proj ect achieved 54% response rate (using
the response rate calculation method suggested by EPA) in Phase I recruitment and screened a total
of 244 potentially eligible households for the project. As of the end of December 2000, the project
completed field sampling activities with 75% of the target participants (enrolled 48 of 64 target
subjects). Phase II telephone subjects recruitment for the two eastern NC counties (Edgecombe and
Jones) began in January 2001. A total of 28 potentially eligible subjects were identified. The
telephone subjects recruitment was completed on March 30,2001; a total of 67 subjects participated
in the study, which is 105% of the recruitment target.
IV Summary
Table 1 provides detailed outcomes for telephone subjects recruitment. A total of 12,262 phone
numbers were called. The project achieved 58% response rate. The method for calculating response
rates is also described in Table 1. Recruitment results for daycare centers and daycare parents are
provided in Tables 2 and 3. We used the same method suggested by EPA to calculate the response
rates. The project achieved 53% response rate for daycare centers and 50% response rate for daycare
parents. The field sampling activities were conducted in 23 weeks (Table 4). The number of
participants in each county is summarized in Table 5. The participant's income status is summarized
in Table 6. The distribution of low and mid-to-high income among telephone (RDD) subjects is very
close to the original sampling plan. However, for daycare center subjects, low income subjects were
over enrolled, which was due to many of the subjects from the regular daycare centers being low
income subjects.
The distribution of participants by NC counties is illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the
distribution of daycare center participants by urban and rural locations. Figure 3 shows the
distribution of telephone (RDD) subjects by urban and rural locations. Figure 4 shows the
distribution of daycare center participants by counties. Figure 5 shows the distribution of RDD
telephone participants by counties.
V References
CTEPP-SOP-1.10
CTEPP-SOP-1.11
CTEPP-SOP-1.12
CTEPP-SOP-1.13
Sample Selection Procedures
Daycare Center Sample Subjects Recruitment Procedures
Telephone Sample Subjects Recruitment Procedures
Informed Consent Procedures
-------
Table 1. CTEPP Call Ourcomes Report
CTEPP
Call Outcomes Report
3/30/2001
A. Agree to Participate/Eligible:
B. Ineligible subjects:
(1 ) not a private residence
(2) no children in the household
(3) cannot communicate
(4) no child in the age range
(5) not stay with child 3 consec days
(6) child attends a day care
(7) child is not potty-trained
(8) child is still being breast-fed
C. Refused Screening:
C1. Eligible subjects/Refused:
C2. Eligibility Unknown:
D. Non-Working Numbers:
E. Cannot be reached
Total Cases With Final Outcome:
Total Cases Loaded in CATI
Cases Still Active in CATI
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Buncombe
15
643
95
386
15
105
1
30
11
143
3
140
245
62
1108
1108
0
15
18
643
202
64%
Mecklenburg
118
1882
352
669
83
341
11
348
68
10
526
29
497
693
613
3832
3832
0
118
147
1882
1110
52%
Durham
85
1480
153
585
95
257
11
325
52
2
369
18
351
721
489
3144
3144
0
85
103
1480
840
54%
Lee
26
642
62
312
22
143
5
77
21
174
8
166
218
128
1188
1188
0
26
34
642
294
53%
Edgecombe
18
970
67
516
25
233
5
106
18
83
1
82
297
122
1490
1490
0
18
19
970
204
79%
Jones
10
930
39
576
25
241
5
35
9
84
2
82
401
75
1500
1500
0
10
12
930
157
71%
Overall
Total
272
6547
768
3044
265
1320
921
179
12
1379
61
1318
2575
1489
12262
12262
0
272
333
6547
2807
58%
RR =
A
CJj
n x
j
-------
Table 2. CTEPP Day Care Center Recruitment Results
CTEPP
ID
1
2
3
4
23
24
5
6
7
8
21
22
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
25
26
27
28
29
19
31
18
30
20
32
County
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Buncombe
Buncombe
Buncombe
Buncombe
Buncombe
Buncombe
Lee
Lee
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Jones
Jones
Day Care Centers
Head Start
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
HEAD START
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
HEAD START
Day Care Center
HEAD START
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
HEAD START
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
HEAD START
HEAD START
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center *
HEAD START
HEAD START
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
AGREE
13
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REFUSED
4
1
1
1
1
-|\IU
CONTACT
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
INELIGIBLE
5
1
1
1
1
1
Total
32
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Summary
13
17
5
10
53%
RR
B
B+C
X D
Still dealing with flooding problems
Still dealing with flooding problems, Director agreed, but no parents.
" NO CONTACT = Cannot reach the day care director or the director cannot make a decision within the data collection period.
-------
Table 3. CTEPP Day Care Parent Response Rate
Wk#
1
2
3
4
6
9
11
12
14
15
18
22
23
CTEPP
ID#
1
2
5
15
9
4
10
16
21
24
28
18
30
County
Durham
Durham
Buncombe
Mecklenburg
Lee
Durham
Lee
Mecklenburg
Buncombe
Durham
Mecklenburg
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
TOTAL
Sampling Date
Day-1
7/17/2000
7/24/2000
7/31/2000
8/7/2000
8/28/2000
10/2/2000
10/16/2000
10/23/2000
11/6/2000
11/13/2000
12/11/2000
3/19/2001
3/26/2001
iMumoer or
Parents
Attempted
10
17
16
19
15
16
14
14
9
10
14
14
14
182
Responded
Agreed
4
5
6
3
4
5
6
6
4
5
9
6
6
69
Responded
Refused
0
0
0
3
8
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
2
16
Responded
Ineligible
0
3
5
10
1
4
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
26
No Contact*
6
9
5
3
2
7
6
7
2
5
5
8
6
71
Total
10
17
16
19
15
16
14
14
9
10
14
14
14
182
* NO CONTACT = Cannot reach the selected parents or the parents cannot make a decision within the contact window.
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Summary
69
85
26
71
50%
RR
A
B+C
-]
X D
-------
Table 4. Field Data Collection Summary by Sampling Week
Field Data Collection
Summary by Sampling Week
Target
Week#
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
20
21
22
23
As of 3/30/2001
County
Durham
Durham
Buncombe
Mecklenburg
Buncombe
Lee
Lee
Durham
Durham
Mecklenburg
Durham
Durham
Mecklenburg
Lee
Mecklenburg
Durham
Buncombe
Durham
Holidays
Lee
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Jones
Edgecombe
Durham
Durham
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Date/Day-1
7/17/2000
7/24/2000
7/31/2000
8/7/2000
8/21/2000
8/21/2000
8/28/2000
8/30/2000
9/11/2000
9/18/2000
9/19/2000
10/2/2000
10/9/2000
10/16/2000
10/23/2000
10/30/2000
11/6/2000
11/13/2000
11/20/2000
11/27/2000
12/4/2000
12/11/2000
2/26/2001
3/5/2001
3/5/2001
3/12/2001
3/19/2001
3/26/2001
Data Collection Completed
Day Care
Participant
64
63
% of Target
98%
3
5
6
3
4
5
5
6
4
4
6
6
6
ROD
Participants
64
67
% of Target
105%
6
1
1
1
5
1
7
8
1
3
6
7
1
5
2
4
8
Total
128
130
102%
3
5
6
3
6
1
4
1
1
5
1
5
7
5
6
8
5
7
6
7
7
5
2
4
8
6
6
Remarks
*was 4, 1 last minute dropout
*was 4, 1 last minute dropout
-------
Table 5. Field Data collection Summary by County
Field Data Collection
Summary by County
Week*
3
5
14
1
2
6
7
8
9
13
15
20
21
5
6
11
16
4
8
10
12
17
18
19
20
22
23
County
Buncombe
Buncombe
Buncombe
Subtotal
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Durham
Subtotal
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Subtotal
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Subtotal
Jones
Jones
Subtotal
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Edgecombe
Subtotal
Target
As of 3/30/2001
Date/Day-1
7/31/2000
8/21/2000
11/6/2000
Buncombe
7/17/2000
7/24/2000
8/30/2000
9/11/2000
9/19/2000
10/2/2000
10/30/2000
11/13/2000
3/5/2001
3/12/2001
Durham
8/21/2000
8/28/2000
10/16/2000
11/27/2000
Lee
8/7/2000
9/18/2000
10/9/2000
10/23/2000
12/4/2000
12/11/2000
Mecklenburg
2/26/2001
Jones
3/5/2001
3/19/2001
3/26/2001
Edgecombe
% of Target
Data Collection Completed
Day Care
Participant
64
63
987o
6
4
10
3
5
5
4
17
4
5
9
3
6
6
15
0
6
6
12
ROD
Participants
64
67
1057o
6
1
7
1
1
1
8
3
4
8
26
1
6
7
5
7
7
1
20
5
5
2
2
Total
128
130
1U27o
6
6
5
17
3
5
1
1
1
5
8
7
4
8
43
1
4
5
6
16
3
5
7
6
7
7
35
5
0
5
2
6
6
14
Remarks
*was 4, 1 last minute dropout
*was 4, 1 last minute dropout
* Was 3, 1 did not show up.
-------
Table 6. Summary of CTEPP NC Participants
Final NC Results
Urban
Rural
Buncombe
Durham
Mecklenburg
Edgecombe
Total Urban
Lee
Jones
Total Rural
Total NC
% of Total
Telephone Sample
Unknown
3
3
1
1
4
6%
Low-income
6
5
2
1
14
4
3
7
21
31%
Mid-income
1
21
15
1
38
3
1
4
42
63%
Subtotal
7
26
20
2
55
7
5
12
67
100%
Day Care Sample
Unknown
1
1
2
1
1
3
5%
Low-income
6
5
11
11
33
5
0
5
38
60%
Mid-income
4
12
3
0
19
3
0
3
22
35%
Subtotal
10
17
15
12
54
9
0
9
63
100%
Total
17
43
35
14
109
16
5
21
130
-------
Figure 1. NC Final Data Collection
Durham
Mecklenburg
Buncombe
Lee
Edgecombe
Jones
-------
Figure 2. CTEPP NC DayCare
14%
86%
DUrban • Rural
-------
Figure 3. CTEPP NC ROD
18%
82%
DUrban • Rural
-------
Figure 4. CTEPP NC Day Care Centers
Edgecombe
19%
Jones
0%
Durham
27%
Buncombe
16%
Mecklenburg
24%
DDurham • Mecklenburg DBuncombe DLee •Edgecombe DJones
-------
Figure 5. CTEPP NC ROD
Lee
10%
Edgecombe
3%
Buncombe
10%
Durham
40%
Mecklenburg
30%
DDurham • Mecklenburg DBuncombe DLee •Edgecombe DJones
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - Ohio
Page 1
I. Introduction
The research study, "Children's Total Exposure to PersistentPesticides and Other Persistent Organic
Pollutants," (CTEPP) is a pilot-scale project involving about 260 children, which investigates the
possible exposures that young children may have to common contaminants in their everyday
surroundings. These contaminants include several pesticides, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which are suspected of being endocrine disrupters. The
targeted compounds are persistent in the indoor and sometimes the outdoor environments, so that
very low levels may exist in the children's surrounding microenvironments and provide a source of
chronic, non-acute exposure. The primary purposes of the research are to increase our
understanding of children's exposures to persistent pollutants, to gain information on the various
activities, environmental media, and pollutant characteristics that may influence children's
exposures, and to generate further questions and hypotheses for future research.
II. Daycare Center Sample Subjects Recruitment
Detailed subjects recruitment procedures and sample selection methods are documented in CTEPP
SOP 1.10 and SOP1.11. Ohio daycare subjects recruitment began in January 2001 and completed
in November 2001. The project enrolled 16 child care centers (12 regular daycare and 4 Head Start),
completed sampling activities with 58 households, and achieved 91% of the planned target (64). The
daycare center response rate is 58% and the daycare parents response rate is 31% (using the response
rate calculation method suggested by EPA).
III. Telephone Sample Subjects Recruitment
The sample design utilized for the CTEPP telephone component is intended to fulfill the objectives
of:
• Efficiently identifying telephone households having one or more children in the eligible age
range and meeting the sampling targets in the high and low income domains
• Providing coverage of households with unlisted telephone numbers
With respect to the first obj ective, the Marketing Systems Group (MSG) uses Census data, marketing
research data, and other sources to classify directory-listed households as having one or more
children in the age range of one to five years or no children in that age group. The same data is used
to assign the directory-listed households to an income range. While not all households classified as
having children in the target age range will indeed have eligible children, the eligibility rate will still
be much higher than a simple random sample of households.
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - Ohio
Page 2
The counts of directory-listed households having children in the target age group for the counties
provided by MSG are considerably less than the Census demographic estimates. A portion of the
eligible households in a study county will be in the group of households that MSG has classified as
having no children in the target age range, but the eligibility rate will still be very small. We must
allocate some percentage of our sample to this group of directory-listed households. To allocate a
greater proportion of our total sample to the first group of households we stratified the directory-
listed households.
All directory-listed households in each of the six OH study counties were assigned to one of the 4
strata:
1. Directory-listed households with income above $25,000 and having one or more children
in the target age range
2. Directory-listed households with income below or equal to $25,000 and having one or
more children in the target age range
3. Directory-listed households with income above $25,000 and having no children in the
target age range
4. Directory-listed households with income below or equal to $25,000 and having no
children in the target age range
With respect to the second objective, some counties may have as many as 30% of households with
unlisted telephone numbers, therefore some of the eligible households in a study county will have
unlisted telephone numbers. Trying to estimate the eligibility rate for households having unlisted
telephone numbers is difficult. We use a random digit dialing (RDD) approach to give these unlisted
telephone households some chance of selection.
To implement the RDD approach, MSG first identifies all telephone exchanges in the study county.
Telephone exchanges having very low percentages of directory-listed households in the study county
are deleted. From the remaining exchanges, MSG draws a systematic sample of telephone numbers.
Some of these telephone numbers are residential and some are business and nonworking. To prevent
a directory-listed telephone number from being sampled in both the RDD frame and the directory-
listed frame, MSG selects the RDD sample of telephone numbers first. The sampled telephone
numbers are matched to the database of directory-listed telephone numbers. Those telephone numbers
identified as directory-listed are removed from the directory-listed frame prior to the stratification
described above.
-------
CTEPP Recruitment Report - Ohio
Page 3
Trying to determine the percentage of the total sample that should be allocated to the RDD frame
based is difficult. First, the proportion of working residential telephones can vary considerably from
county to county so trying to estimate the total number of telephone households in this frame is
imprecise. Second, the estimation of the eligibility rate in this frame is imprecise. Since the contact
rate in this frame is substantially lower than any of the four directory-listed strata, the primary
determinant of our allocation is dialing efficiency.
Telephone subjects recruitment for OH counties began in March 2001 and completed in November
2001. The project achieved an overall 57% response rate (using the response rate calculation method
suggested by EPA) and screened a total of 165 potentially eligible households for the proj ect. A total
of 69 subjects participated in the study, which is 108% of the recruitment target (64).
IV Summary
Table 1 provides detailed outcomes for telephone subjects recruitment. A total of 10,179 phone
numbers were called. The proj ect achieved an overall 57% response rate. The method for calculating
response rates is also described in Table 1. Recruitment results for daycare centers and daycare
parents are provided in Tables 2 and 3. We used the same method suggested by EPA to calculate the
response rates. The project achieved 57% response rate for daycare centers and 31% response rate
for daycare parents. The field sampling activities were conducted in 27 weeks (Table 4). The
number of participants in each county is summarized in Table 5. The participant's income status is
summarized in Table 6.
The distribution of participants by OH counties is illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the
distribution of daycare center participants by urban and rural locations. Figure 3 shows the
distribution of telephone (RDD) subjects by urban and rural locations. Figure 4 shows the
distribution of daycare center participants by counties. Figure 5 shows the distribution of RDD
telephone participants by counties.
V References
CTEPP-SOP-1.10
CTEPP-SOP-1.11
CTEPP-SOP-1.12
CTEPP-SOP-1.13
Sample Selection Procedures
Daycare Center Sample Subjects Recruitment Procedures
Telephone Sample Subjects Recruitment Procedures
Informed Consent Procedures
-------
Table 1. CTEPP Call Outcomes Report
CTEPP Ohio
Call Outcomes Report
11/30/2001
A. Agree to Participate/Eligible:
B. Ineligible subjects:
(1 ) not a private residence
(2) no children in the household
(3) cannot communicate
(4) no child in the age range
(5) not stay with child 3 consec days
(6) child attends a day care
(7) child is not potty-trained
(8) child is still being breast-fed
C. Refused Screening:
C1 . Eligible subjects/Refused:
C2. Eligibility Unknown:
D. Non-Working Numbers:
E. Cannot be reached
Total Cases With Final Outcome:
Total Cases Loaded in CATI
Cases Still Active in CATI
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Cuyahoga
40
1022
78
583
15
266
1
57
21
1
90
6
84
551
517
2220
2220
0
40
46
1022
601
56%
Defiance
15
476
22
315
1
122
2
10
4
41
3
38
388
231
1151
1151
0
15
18
476
269
54%
Fayette
12
677
23
450
19
140
4
29
12
43
4
39
437
175
1344
1344
0
12
16
677
214
57%
Franklin
34
740
56
412
9
194
1
47
18
3
70
7
63
497
459
1800
1800
0
34
41
740
522
50%
Hamilton
44
1033
58
669
240
4
38
22
2
55
4
51
538
405
2075
2075
0
44
48
1033
456
64%
Licking
20
650
33
388
4
187
27
10
1
58
2
56
530
331
1589
1589
0
20
22
650
387
58%
Overall
Total
165
4598
270
2817
48
1149
12
208
87
7
357
26
331
2941
2118
10179
10179
0
165
191
4598
2449
57%
RR =
A
+
[-
B+C
X D
-------
Table 2. CTEPP Day Care Center Recruitment results
CTEPP
ID
Ohio
County
Day care Centers
Head Start
As of 11/30/2001
49
50
51
52
53
54
63
62
60
61
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
64
65
66
67
68
47
69
55
56
57
58
59
72
48
70
71
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Licking
Licking
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Defiance
Defiance
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Fayette
Fayette
Fayette
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Head Start
Head Start
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Head Start
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Head Start
Head Start
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
Head Start
Head Start
Head Start
Head Start
Day Care Center
Day Care Center
AGREE
16
67%
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REFUSED
8
33%
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
*NO
CONTACT
5
1
1
1
1
1
INELIGIBLE
4
1
1
1
1
Total
33
* NO CONTACT = Cannot reach the daycare director or the director cannot make a decision within the data collection period.
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Summary
16
24
4
5
57%
RR =
A
B
-]
-------
Table 3. CTEPP Day Care Parent Response Rate
Wk#
1
3
4
7
8
10
11
12
15
17
18
21
22
24
25
27
CTEPP
ID#
51
52
61
62
63
44
41
66
69
55
56
72
70
46
45
64
County
Franklin
Franklin
Licking
Franklin
Franklin
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Defiance
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Fayette
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Total
Sampling
Date
Day-1
4/23/2001
5/7/2001
5/14/2001
6/4/2001
6/11/2001
6/25/2001
7/9/2001
7/16/2001
8/6/2001
8/20/2001
8/27/2001
9/24/2001
10/1/2001
10/15/2001
10/22/2001
11/5/2001
iMumDer or
Parents
Attempted
16
15
14
19
14
14
14
16
11
12
14
15
14
14
14
33
249
Responded
Agreed
5
6
5
7
6
6
2
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
71
Responded
Refused
1
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
1
3
1
4
0
2
5
5
29
Responded
Ineligible
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
2
8
No Contact*
10
9
9
12
5
8
7
10
6
4
10
7
9
8
5
22
141
Total
16
15
14
19
14
14
14
16
11
12
14
15
14
14
14
33
249
* NO CONTACT = Cannot reach the selected parents or the parents cannot make a decision within the contact window.
Calculate Response Rates
A. Eligible and Completed
B. Total Eligible
C. Total Ineligible
D. Eligibility Unknown
E. Final Response Rate
Summary
71
100
8
141
31%
RR
A
B
B
-].n
-------
Table 4. Field Data Collection Summary by Sampling Week
Field Data Collection
Summary by Sampling Week
Target
Week#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
As of 11/30/2001
County
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Licking
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Licking
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Defiance
Defiance
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Fayette
Fayette
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Franklin
Cuyahoga
Date/Day-1
4/23/2001
4/30/2001
5/7/2001
5/14/2001
5/21/2001
5/28/2001
6/4/2001
6/11/2001
6/18/2001
1/0/1900
7/9/2001
7/16/2001
7/23/2001
7/30/2001
8/6/2001
8/13/2001
8/20/2001
8/27/2001
9/10/2001
9/17/2001
9/24/2001
10/1/2001
10/8/2001
10/15/2001
10/22/2001
10/29/2001
11/5/2001
Data Collection Completed
Daycare
Participant
64
58
% of Target
91%
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
ROD
Participants
64
69
% of Target
108%
7
1
7
1
7
8
8
6
1
8
8
3
4
Total
128
127
99%
4
7
5
4
7
1
4
4
7
4
2
4
8
8
4
6
3
4
8
8
4
4
3
4
3
4
3
Remarks
-------
Table 5. Field Data Collection by County
Field Data Collection
Summary by County
As of 11/30/2001
Week*
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
26
4
9
10
11
12
13
14
24
25
27
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
County
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Subtotal
Licking
Licking
Subtotal
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga
Subtotal
Defiance
Defiance
Subtotal
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton
Subtotal
Fayette
Fayette
Subtotal
Target
Actual Total
Date/Day-1
4/23/2001
4/30/2001
5/7/2001
5/21/2001
5/28/2001
6/4/2001
6/11/2001
10/29/2001
Franklin
5/14/2001
6/18/2001
Licking
6/25/2001
7/9/2001
7/16/2001
7/23/2001
7/30/2001
10/15/2001
10/22/2001
11/5/2001
Cuyahoga
8/6/2001
8/13/2001
Defiance
8/20/2001
8/27/2001
9/10/2001
9/17/2001
9/24/2001
Hamilton
10/1/2001
10/8/2001
Fayette
Data Collection Completed
Daycare
Participant
64
58
4
4
4
4
16
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
3
20
4
4
3
3
4
10
4
4
ROD
Participants
64
69
7
1
7
1
4
20
7
7
8
8
16
6
6
1
8
8
17
3
3
Total
128
127
4
7
5
7
1
4
4
4
36
4
7
11
4
2
4
8
8
36
4
6
10
3
4
8
8
4
27
4
3
7
Remarks
-------
Table 6. Summary of CTEPP OH Participants
Final OH Results
Urban
Rural
Cuyahoga
Licking
Franklin
Hamilton
Total Urban
Defiance
Fayette
Total Rural
Total OH
% of Total
Telephone Sample
Unknown
1
1
0
1
1%
Low-income
4
7
2
13
2
3
5
18
26%
Mid-income
11
7
13
15
46
4
4
50
72%
Subtotal
16
7
20
17
60
6
3
9
69
100%
Daycare Sample
Unknown
2
1
3
2
2
5
9%
Low-income
10
4
6
9
29
0
29
50%
Mid-income
10
8
0
18
2
4
6
24
41%
Subtotal
20
4
16
10
50
4
4
8
58
100%
Total
36
11
36
27
110
10
7
17
127
-------
Figure 1. OH Final Data Collection
Cuyahoga
Licking
Franklin
Hamilton
Defiance
Fayette
-------
Figure 2. CTEPP OH Daycare
14%
86%
DUrban • Rural
-------
Figure 3. CTEPP OH ROD
13%
87%
DUrban • Rural
-------
Figure 4. CTEPP OH Daycare Centers
Hamilton
17%
Defiance
7%
Fayette
7%
Franklin
28%
Cuyahoga
34%
Licking
7%
DCuyahoga • Licking DFranklin DHamilton •Defiance DFayette
-------
Figure 5. CTEPP OH ROD
Defiance
9%
Fayette
4%
Cuyahoga
23%
Hamilton
25%
Licking
10%
Franklin
29%
DCuyahoga • Licking DFranklin DHamilton •Defiance DFayette
-------
Appendix C
Summary of Analytical Methods for Determining Target Pollutants in Multimedia Samples
C-l
-------
Flow Chart of Analytical Methods for Neutral Analytes in PUF, Air, Wipes,
Dust, Soil, Liquid Food, and Liquid Food
Analytical Methods for Neutrals
Liquid/Solid Food
Air, Wipes
ASE with DCM or
Reflux with 39%KOH
Soxhlet Extraction
With 10% EE/hexane
Soxhlet Extraction
With DCM
Sonication with
10 % EE/hexane
Concentrate
DCM Extract
Concentrate
Extract using KD
Fractionate
DCM Extract
Using GPC
Flonsil
SPE
Concentrate SPE
Fraction Using
KD
Concentrate
GPC Fraction
C-2
-------
Flow Chart of Analytical Methods for Atrazine in Drinking Water
Analytical Method for Atrazine in
Drinking Water
Condition CIS SPE Column with
DCM, MEOH. And Distilled Water
Apply lOOmL Water Sample to
Conditioned CIS SPE
Dilute Cartridge with 12mLof
50% DCM/hexane
Concentrate Fraction; Add IS
GC/MS
C-3
-------
Flow Chart of Analytical Methods for Acidic Analytes in Air, Dust, Soil,
Wipe, Liquid Food, and Solid Food
Analytical Methods for Acids
Liquid and
Solid Food
ASEwithMEOH
Dust, Soil
ASE
With acetone
Air, Wipes
Soxhlet Extraction
With ACN
Concentrate MEOH Extract
Adjust PH to < 12 with Hexane
1
i 1
Acidify Aqueous Discard
Layer to PH < 2 Hexane
^ Split Extract*
Concentrate r
* Extract; Add IS l Iucm3lanon
» II - Silylation
Yes ^^SPE^r No
Fraction Using 1 GC/MS |
KD
1 '
GC/MS
C-4
-------
Flow Chart of Analytical Methods for 3,5,6-TCP, 2,4-D, PCP, and OH-PAH in Urine
Analytical Method for 3,5,6-TCP in
Urine
Hydrolyze ImLUrine with HC1;
Heat at 80°C for 1 Hour
Add20%NaCl, Chlorobutane (CB)
and IS; mix
Centrifuge Sample; Transfer CB
Extract to Clean Vial; Add Na2SO4
Remove CB Extract; Silylate the
Extract with MTBSTFA
GC/MS
ical Method for 2,4-D, PCP
OH-PAH in Urine
Hydrolyze 10 mL Urine with HC1 and DCM
Heat at 80°C for 1 Hour
Add 20% NaCl;
Extract with DCM
Concentrate DCM Extract;
Add IS and MEOH
Methylate DCM Extract with
Diazomethane
Florisil SPE;
Concentrate SPE Fraction Using KD
GC/MS
C-5
-------
-------
Appendix D
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Summary for CTEPP North Carolina and Ohio
Data Collection
-------
-------
CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
QA/QC Summary Report for CTEPP North Carolina Data Collection
I. Introduction
The research study, "Children's Total Exposure to Persistent Pesticides and Other
Persistent Organic Pollutants," (CTEPP) is a pilot-scale project involving about 260
children, which investigates the possible exposures that young children may have to
common contaminants in their everyday surroundings. These contaminants include
several pesticides, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
some of which are suspected of being endocrine disrupters. The targeted compounds are
persistent in the indoor and sometimes the outdoor environments, so that very low levels
may exist in the children's surrounding microenvironments and provide a source of
chronic, non-acute exposure. The primary purposes of the research are to increase our
understanding of children's exposures to persistent pollutants, to gain information on the
various activities, environmental media, and pollutant characteristics that may influence
children's exposures, and to generate further questions and hypotheses for future
research. This document provides a summary of the quality assurance (QA) and quality
control (QC) procedures conducted for the CTEPP project. In the following sections, we
describe the study activities and the QA/QC procedures. The relevant standard operating
procedures (SOPs) are listed in the Reference Section at the end of this document.
II. CTEPP Study Activities
As illustrated in Exhibit 1 (CTEPP Study Activities Flow Chart), CTEPP study activities
are conducted in three phases: Pre-Data Collection, Field Data Collection, and Post-Data
Collection. To ensure data quality, standard operating procedures (SOPs) were developed
and project team members were trained according to the SOPs. All project activities were
conducted by trained project staff members, who were divided into the following project
teams: 1) recruitment team (including RDD and field teams), 2) field support team, and
3) field data collection team.
The recruitment team was responsible for recruiting daycare and RDD home participants.
It was supported by a team of telephone interviewers and some field staff members.
During the pre-data collection phase, the following key activities were conducted by the
recruitment team and field support team.
a Recruit/Train Participants, Present T-shirts, Pay $25, Remind Food Samples
Collection
a Label Sample Containers
a Compile Field Notebooks
a Pack Van, Check items on the check lists
The field support team conducted QA/QC checks before and after the preparation of all
field supplies, sample containers, and data forms. They ensured that all the materials
needed for the field data collection activities were complete and accurate.
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
After the field support team completed the preparation work, the field data collection
team did a final check on all needed field supplies, sample containers, and data forms for
the scheduled sampling appointments. After loading the van and completing the final
checks, the field data collection team drove to the sampling site for the scheduled
sampling appointment with the study subject. The following key activities were
conducted by the field data collection team during the field data collection phase.
a Field Data Collection Activities
a Record Sample/Data Condition on Sample/Data Check Lists
a Put Samples in ZipLoc Bags
a Put Samples in Freezers
a Record problems/issues on Daily Check List
a Leave Field Notebooks in the CTEPP Workroom
Once the field data collection team returned to the Battelle office, the field support team
received the field samples and data from the field data collection team. The following key
activities were conducted by the field support team during the post-data collection phase.
a Update Sample/Data Check Lists in the CTEPP Tracking System (TS)
a Verify Sample Conditions
a Check Field Notebooks (data forms)
a File Field Notebooks in the participant folders
a Ship Samples
a Conduct Data Entry
a Update Progress Reports
a Update QC Reports
In the following Sections, we describe specific QA/QC procedures relevant to the CTEPP
data forms and database preparation.
III. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing the Data Forms and Database
Battelle is always committed to the production of highest quality data. A key to
accomplish this objective is to implement standardized QA/QC procedures. QA/QC is a
continuous process. As illustrated in Exhibit 2 (CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing
Data Forms and Database), Battelle implemented a comprehensive QA/QC plan to ensure
data quality in all phases of the CTEPP project, from pre-data collection to post-data
collection phase.
A. Pre-Data Collection Phase:
Developed and Tested Data Forms, CA TI Programs
During the pre-data collection phase, the following data forms were developed.
• Recruitment Survey (Form #1)
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
• House/Building Characteristics Observation Survey - Home (Form #2)
• House/Building Characteristics Observation Survey - Child Day Care Center (Form
#3)
• Pre-Monitoring Questionnaire - Parent (Form #4)
• Pre-Monitoring Questionnaire - Child Day Care Center (Form #5)
• Post-Monitoring Questionnaire - Parent (Form #6)
• Post-Monitoring Questionnaire - Child Day Care Center (Form #7)
• Child Activity Diary/Parent - Children Don't Attend Day Care (Form #8)
• Child Activity Diary/Parent - Children Attend Day Care (Form #9)
• Child Activity Diary - Day Care Teacher (Form #10)
All the data forms were tested by trained project staff for consistency and accuracy. In
addition, mock interviews and field data collection simulations were conducted to
evaluate the effectiveness of the data forms. The data forms were finally reviewed and
approved by 1KB and OMB. Form #1 (Recruitment Survey) was modified into computer-
assisted telephone interviewing programs (CATI) for recruiting the RDD participants
(children who did not attend daycares). The CATI programs automatically performed QC
checks during data entry, which included range checks, consistency checks, and skip
pattern checks. Before the CATI programs were approved for actual RDD recruitment
and data collection, it also went through rigid QA/QC checks for programming errors.
Exhibit 3 provides an example of the QA/QC test document.
Conducted Staff Training on Data Collection SOPs
To ensure the consistency and high quality of data collection, a comprehensive training
plan was implemented. The recruitment team members received training in the
implementation of the recruitment SOPs before subject recruitment activities began.
Standardized scripts and materials (e.g., CATI system and Interviewer's Manual) were
developed. The Interviewer's Manual provided information on the background and aims
of this study, the standard interviewing procedures, confidentiality requirements, and
question-by-question specifications for the recruitment survey. Interviewers must be
certified for the study before they can initiate any contact with the study subjects. In
order to be certified as a CATI interviewer for the study, an interviewer must pass the
following two tests:
1. CATI Operation Test: The interviewer must demonstrate that he/she is
familiar with the CATI instrument and the
computer-working environment.
2. CATI Interview Test: The interviewer must conduct at least two mock
CATI interviews and receive a satisfactory
evaluation from the CATI supervisor.
Training for the field data collection team members included a five-day (40-hour)
training session and additional self-practice time was provided to the field staff. The
following is a brief summary of the training topics.
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Day 1: Training covered study background, recruitment SOPs,
confidentiality issues, informed consent procedures, and the
interviewing protocol.
Day 2: The field staff members were trained to administer all the data
collection forms.
Day 3: The training included field sampling procedures, i.e., the use of
field notebooks and the collection of air, food, urine, dermal hand
wipes, hard floor wipes, food preparation surface wipes, the
polyurethane foam (PUF) roller for dislodgeable residues, indoor
floor dust, and soil samples. Internal field audits and QC
procedures were also discussed.
Days 4/5: A mock field sampling exercise (with 2 volunteers) was conducted
during the last two days of training. The field team visited the
volunteer's home and conduct actual field sampling activities. The
field staff members were also certified during these two days (i.e.,
they were required to pass the tests set for the field sampling
procedures).
Day 5: Training in packing and shipping procedures were given on the
final day. The training ended with a final review of all SOPs.
Before field data collection began, the field support team members also went through
training for data form tracking and processing procedures, coding procedures, and quality
control procedures.
Conducted Participant Orientation/Training
Due to the unique features of the CTEPP study, some key information and samples were
collected by the study participants themselves. Keeping the participants involved and
well informed was critical to the success of the study. All participants (i.e., parents and
daycare staff) were trained (i.e., received project orientation) prior to the scheduled
sampling appointment (normally one week before the actual sampling). During the
orientation/training, our project staff went through the SOPs for collecting samples of
food, urine, and dermal hand wipes and recording the Child Activity Diary with the
participants.
B. Data Collection Phase:
Conducted CATI Monitoring
As a standard procedure to ensure data quality, Battelle routinely verifies data collection
activities. For monitoring CATI interviews (Form #1 RDD), Battelle employed a
sophisticated computer software (i.e., PROXY) and a telephone monitoring system to
validate CATI interview data. With the monitoring system, the CATI supervisor could
actually "watch" and "listen" an interview in progress. A standardized monitoring
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
procedure was developed and used for CATI monitoring. The supervisor randomly
selected an interview for monitoring. The monitoring system transferred the interviewer's
computer screen and telephone conversation in real time to the supervisor's workstation.
The interviewer being monitored or the study respondent could not notice any difference
while the monitoring was in progress. To ensure the participant's right, a statement about
the interview that might be monitored by a project supervisor for quality assurance was
read to the respondent before the interview began. The monitoring results were recorded
in a CATI Interview Monitoring Form (See Exhibit 4).
Conducted Staff Field Edit
All field data collection team members were trained to conduct field edit for all
completed data forms. During data collection, the field staff conducted field edits to
identify missing data items or questionable information at the sampling site. Any
identified issues or problems were resolved at the sampling site before the field data
collection team returned to Battelle whenever the field conditions allowed. A Daily
Activity Check List was developed to assist the field staff in conducting data collection
activities and field edit. The field edits ensured that any data collection issues or
problems were resolved early at the sampling site with the study participant.
Conducted Internal Field Audits
According to CTEPP SOP 2.25, Battelle conducted periodical internal field audits to
ensure high quality of data collection. The internal field audits were conducted by the
Field Team Leader and/or field auditors. The field data collection team was not notified
of the field audit visit. The field audit schedule was randomly selected by the field
auditor/Field Team Leader. During a field audit visit, the field auditor observed all field
sampling activities according to the SOPs. The field auditor recorded any findings or
observations about the field staffs work that was not consistent with the SOPs. Before
the end of each field audit visit, the field auditor discussed the findings or observations
with the field staff. A field audit report was prepared by the field auditor after each field
audit to document the field audit visit.
Conducted External Field Audits
In addition to Battelle internal field audits, some external field audits were conducted by
EPA auditor and project officer. On September 12 and 13, 2000, EPA audited the North
Carolina data collection teams. On June 5, 2001, EPA project officer conducted field
observation visit with the Ohio data collection teams. There was no finding in all the
external field audits and observation visits.
C. Post-Data Collection Phase:
Applied Chain of Custody Procedures
In order to protect the study samples and data forms, a standardized chain-of-custody
procedure was developed and implemented for the CTEPP study (See SOP 2.26). In
addition, Battelle developed a sophisticated CTEPP Tracking System to monitor the
status of data collection. As soon as the field team returned to the office, the field support
(receiving) team checked the samples/data condition and updated the data collection
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
status in the CTEPP Tracking System (See Exhibit 5). The following information was
recorded for each study participant.
• Sample/Data Description
• Sample Type
• Sample ID#
• Staff s Name Who Collected the Sample/Data
• Date of Collection
• Sample Condition
• Number of Floor Dust Sampling Areas
• Sample Explanation (if Sample Condition = Explain)
• Staff s Name Who Received the Sample/Data from the Field Team
• Date Received Sample/Data
• Time Received Sample/Data
If the samples/data need to be shipped to another location, the CTEPP Tracking System
automatically generates a Chain-of-Custody record for the staff to sign.
Receiving Team Conducted QC Checks
After checking and storing the environmental and biological samples, the receiving team
conducted QC checks on all the participant's data forms and study materials. A CTEPP
Participant Data QC Check List was developed to track the QC status of each data item
(See Exhibit 6). The staff carefully reviewed each data form for missing or questionable
data items. After the staff completed the QC review, she/he put her/his initial and date of
review on the back of the data form. Any pending issues (e.g., missing materials or
information) identified through the QC review were recorded in the Check Notes of the
CTEPP Participant Data QC Check List. The field support staff resolved each pending
issue by checking with the field data collection staffer contacting the participant.
Developed and Tested Data Entry Programs
After the data forms went through the QC checks and received a "complete" status, the
form was ready for data entry. Battelle programming team developed a double data entry
program to allow two separate data entry teams to conduct data entry. The data entry
program was designed to perform additional QC checks during data entry, which
included range checks, consistency checks, and skip pattern checks. Before the data entry
program was used for actual data entry, it was fully tested by trained project staff. An
example of the testing document is illustrated in Exhibit 7 (CTEPP Data Entry Program
Test). Examples of data entry program screens are illustrated in Exhibits 8, 9, and 10.
Conducted Double-Data Entry
All data forms were entered twice and verified, using the CTEPP Double Data Entry
Program. Two data entry teams (Teams A and B) performed the data entry work and
entered the data into two separate databases. All the data entry team members were
trained before they were allowed to conduct data entry work. Each staff was assigned to
only one data entry team and was not allowed to switch team. This ensured that a data
form was entered twice by 2 different people. As a standard procedure for entering the
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
open text fields, the data entry teams were instructed to entered participant's responses
verbatim.
Conducted Computer Program Checks for Data Entry Errors
A computer verification program was developed for checking the accuracy of the entered
data and every record in the two databases was crosschecked. An example of the
crosschecks computer reports is illustrated in Exhibit 11 (CTEPP Double Data Entry
Crosschecks). The crosscheck computer reports identified any discrepancies between the
two databases. The reports displayed the Participant ID (PID), variable (data field) name,
data value in each database (Base vs. Compare), the difference between the 2 databases
(numeric fields only), and % difference (if applicable).
Correct Data Entry Errors
For each data item detected by the computer program, the data entry staff verified the
information with the original participant data form and made corrections as needed. The
crosscheck computer reports made it easy for the staff to identify data entry problems and
to verify the information. This program also kept a log of all changes made, including
original data value, date/time of data change, and name of the staff who made the
changes.
Prepare Final Master Database
A final master database for each data form was prepared after all QC checks were
completed and data entry discrepancies were corrected. Backup data files were also
created to protect the CTEPP data. All CTEPP data files and document are protected by
password. Only authorized project staff members have access to the restricted project
folders.
Prepare and Verify Data Dictionary and Document
After the completion of master database preparation, the programming team prepared the
updated data dictionary for each data form database. The project staff verified the data
dictionaries by comparing the hard copy manuals, the electronic files, and the database
structures.
Final Data Verification Checks
After completing all the tasks described in the earlier sections, the project staff conducted
a final QA/QC check by verifying randomly selected participant files. Data items in the
database were checked against the data documentation manual (i.e., data variables in the
data dictionary) and the actual participant data in the original data form. The results of the
random checks showed 100% accuracy. The data in the original participant data form
were correctly recorded in the CTEPP database, and the data variables were accurately
documented in the data dictionary. Before Battelle delivered the database to EPA, the
data variables containing personal identifiers (i.e., names, street address, GPS, etc.) were
removed from the database to ensure participant confidentiality. The results of the final
data verification checks are shown in the following Table.
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Final Data Verification Checks for NC Database
PID
15-001-1
21-000-3
97-109-1
09-003-1
97-079-1
18-000-3
Data Forms Checked
1, 2, 4, 6, 9
3,5,7,10
8, Air Data Log
1,2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
3, 5, 7, 10, Air Data Log
QA/QC Checks Status
Complete Checks:
Checked all variables of
each data form
Complete Checks:
Checked all variables of
each data form
Complete Checks:
Checked all variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked
some randomly selected
variables of each data form
Partial Checks: Checked
some randomly selected
variables of each data form
Partial Checks: Checked
some randomly selected
variables of each data form
Results
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
IV. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for the Analytical Database
Analytical data were electronically imported into the database according to CTEPP SOP
4.12. The analytical raw data (QUAN report) were generated from each instrument by a
qualified analyst (the first data reviewer). The QUAN report was then reviewed by the
TOL (the second data reviewer) for all the identified analytes. The QUAN report was
then electronically transferred into a custom report and saved as a "crd" file. The "crd"
file was then electronically parsed into an Excel spreadsheet template, pertinent data such
as sample extraction weight and quality assurance codes were added and saved as an
Excel file with an extension of ".xls" by the first data reviewer. The TOL reviewed all
the Excel files before importing into the analytical database. If any anomalous results
were observed in the data, every effort was made to identify any problems in the sample
collection, sample preparation, and/or analysis, which could have contributed to the
anomaly. Data dictionaries and code sets for core analytical data, QA/QC data, and
ancillary data were developed for the analytical database. The completed Excel
spreadsheets were then electronically imported into the analytical database by the
database staff.
Database queries were developed to perform QA/QC checks. The QA/QC checks
performed for the Ohio analytical database include (1) sample ID checks, (2) missing
data checks, (3) duplication data checks, (4) out-of-range checks, (5) upper- and lower-
concentrations checks, and (6) calculation checks.
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Sample ID checks
The sample ID checks were performed to verify that all Sample IDs with reported data
were valid Sample IDs, i.e., they were logged in as received from the field. If invalid
sample IDs were detected, the database staff traced back to the original raw data,
including laboratory record books and GC/MS logbooks, to identify the transcription
error and to make the corrections accordingly. All corrections were documented in the
database importing logbook.
Missing data checks
The missing data checks were performed to verify that all Sample IDs received from the
field had a full set of analytical data reported. Samples that were received but that did not
have a complete set of analytical data and/or ancillary data, other than for a stated reason
in the electronic CoC data, were identified, and one of the following correction actions
was taken (as appropriate): analytical data was found and imported into the database, or
samples were located, processed, analyzed, reviewed, and the analytical data was
imported into the database. Samples that were lost or damaged during laboratory
processing were identified and imported into the QA Action table with an explanation
regarding their disqualification.
Duplicate data checks
Duplicate data checks were performed to verify that the same analytical data was not
imported into the database twice for a given sample. The database staff traced the sample
results back to the laboratory record books, the GC/MS sequence logs, and/or the QUAN
reports to confirm that duplicate data was the result of a double import, and not a QA/QC
re-analysis (e.g. duplicate sample or duplicate injection). Once the duplicate data was
identified as a double import, the set of results for the sample having the oldest sample
import date were eliminated from the analytical database. If the duplicate data was
identified as a QA/QC re-analysis, the proper QCC code was added to the QC_Code data
field, and the data for the first duplicate (only) remained in the Core_Analytical_Results
table, and the data for the first and second duplicates were reported in the
QA_QC_Results table.
Out of range checks
Out-of-range checks were performed to verify that all data for data fields limited to a
codeset did not violate that codeset. For data fields that were limited to a codeset of
values, queries were performed to identify data within those fields that did not belong to,
or "violated", the codeset. Once identified, the database staff traced the sample results
back to the laboratory record books to identify the transcription error. The data in the
database was corrected, and that correction was documented.
Upper- and lower- concentration checks
Upper- and lower-level concentrations checks were performed on approximately 5% of
the results that were plus or minus three standard deviations from the mean. Database
queries were performed to identify those calculated results (Resultl and Result2) greater
than or less than three standard deviations from the domain mean. Five percent of these
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
data were reviewed again by the data reviewer. The data reviewer checked the QUAN
report, all the parameters used for the results calculation, and the result calculation itself
to make sure that identification and quantification were performed correctly. If the data
reviewers detected any mis-identification and/or mis-quantification, corrections were
made accordingly. The TOL approved the corrected data and the database manager made
the changes in the database. All activities were documented in the laboratory record
books and database importing logbook.
Several additional checks were performed to:
(1) review the SRS and MSS recoveries data greater than 150% and less than
50%;
(2) review the %D data that are greater than 50%;
(3) add more flag codes to explain these QC data from items 1 and 2;
(4) review all nonzero method blanks and field method blanks; and
Calculation Checks
Calculation checks were performed in Excel spreadsheets for selected samples to verify
that the calculations performed on Excel spreadsheet agreed with the calculations
performed on the analytical database. Hand calculations, using a calculator, were
performed on select data to verify the calculated data agreed with the database calculated
data.
For those data requiring calculation of results, a random subset (approximately 5%) of the
raw data was calculated using an independent calculation source (Excel) for validation.
In addition, hand calculations were performed on random data for each sample matrix
using a calculator.
C:\MYDATAFILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\CTEPPQA_QCReportNC.doc
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CTEPP NC Data Collection QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
References:
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
CTEPP-
SOP-2.22
SOP-2.24
SOP-2.25
SOP-2.26
SOP-2.27
SOP-4.10
SOP-4.12
Procedures for Recording Data Collection Forms
Procedures for Handling Missing Samples/Data
Internal Field Audit/Quality Control Procedures
Sample/Data Custody Procedures
Staff and Participant Training
Procedures for Processing Completed Data Forms
Entering or Importing Electronic Data Into CTEPP Data Bases
Procedures
Attachments:
Exhibit 1
Exhibit 2
Exhibit 3
Exhibit 4
Exhibit 5
Exhibit 6
Exhibit 7
Exhibit 8
Exhibit 9
Exhibit 10
Exhibit 11
CTEPP Study Activities Flow Chart
CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing Data Forms and Database
ROD CATI Tests Document
CATI Interview Monitoring Form
CTEPP Tracking System
CTEPP Participant Data QC Check List
CTEPP Data Entry Program Test
CTEPP Double Data Entry Program - Initial Screen
CTEPP Double Data Entry Program - Data Entry Screen
CTEPP Double Data Entry Program - Status Screen
CTEPP Double Data Entry Crosschecks
C:\MYDATA FILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\CTEPP QA_QCReportNC.doc
11
-------
o
E
.—
+*
\>
+*
w
•a
0-
o-
w
H
U
^^ -a M <* _S ^ — .
Field Data
Collection
a Field Data Collection
a Record Sample/Data Condi
on Sample/Data Check List
Q Put Samples in ZipLoc Bag
Q Put Samples in Freezers
Q Record problems/issues on
Daily Check List
a Leave Field Notebooks in t
CTEPP Workroom
^
CTEPP Field Data
Collection Team
w
o
PH
PH
W
O
<;
Q
-------
Exhibit 2. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing Data Forms and Database
Pre-Data Collection
Phase
• Developed and Tested Data Forms, CATI
Programs
• Conducted Staff Training on Data Collection
SOPs
• Conducted Participant Orientation/Training
Data Collection Phase
• Conducted CATI Monitoring
• Conducted Staff Field Edit
• Conducted Internal Field Audits
• Conducted External Field Audits
Post-Data Collection
Phase
Applied Chain of Custody Procedures
Receiving Team Conducted QC Checks
Developed and Tested Data Entry Programs
Conducted Double-Data Entry
Conducted Computer Program Checks for
Data Entry Errors
Correct Data Entry Errors
Prepare Final Master Database
Prepare and Verify Data Dictionary and
Document
Final Data Verification Checks
-------
Exhibit 3. KDD CATI Tests Document
RDD CATI Tests
Carey Aselage
December 8, 1999
1. Add the following interviewer instructions to this question: May I speak to the
parent or guardian of the children in this household (OR NAME OF
RESPONDENT IF OBTAINED THE NAME FROM PREVIOUS CALL)?-fixed
EB 12/99
2. Skip pattern for answer #1 goes to Q3. However, this question is numbered as Q2 in CATI. I
combined question 2 and 3 into 1 question and called it Q2_3. Since it is really the same question
with a little different wording depending on whether the parent answered the phone or had to be
called to the phone. CWL - is that ok or do you want 2 separate questions? [CWL: Please
program as 2 separate questions] Fixed EB 12/99
I did the same thing with questions 4a & c and 4 b & d. [CWL: Please follow the hard copy]. -
Fixed EB 12/99
** Add Contact Information in the first screen (Subject's Name, Address, ID#, Phone #.) or
create a Sub Form for this information and revise the instruction in Exit 4 accordingly. - cwl
Sub form created EB 12/99
3. According to the HC, answer #4 (Refused, No Information) should go to Exit #1. CATI does skip
to Exit #1, however, the skip also includes Exit #4. This makes sense, I just want to confirm since
the HC doesn't mention Exit 4 in the skip pattern for response #4. Since Exit 1 didn't have any
instructions in the hard copy, I added what I thought were reasonable instructions. CWL - Let me
know if this is ok as is, or if I need to make changes.
4. Exit #1 script contains the following information that doesn't appear on HC: IF
CORRECT NUMBER: Thank you very much. Goodbye. PRESS CTL/S AND
CHOOSE NONRESPONSE. See above comments.
5. Currently, the only month an appointment can be set is December 1999.1 set that
up for testing purposes. CWL will need to look at the survey definition and let me
know what changes need to be made. EB 12/99
C:\MY DATA FILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\QAQCExhibit_3.doc
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Exhibit 4. CATI Interview Monitoring Form
Interview Monitoring Form
Study:
Interviewer:
Monitor:
Date:
Time
Begin/End:
Study Manager:
Total Number of Calls Monitored: Number of Contact-Calls:
[RECORD THE RESULTS OF MONITORING FOR EACH CONTACT-CALL]
Subject ID#:
1. Identify self and read introduction clearly
2. Record the dial result correctly
3. Record appropriate interviewer comments
4. Make appointment correctly
5. Read questions clearly and follow
instructions
6. Use appropriate probing when necessary
7. Record responses correctly
8. Record appropriate remarks when
necessary
9. Maintain neutrality and control of interview
10. Maintain a courteous, professional manner
1 1 . Answer respondents questions
appropriately
12. Refrain from giving personal
remarks/opinions
1=YES
2=NO
3=NA
Comments:
Did the Supervisor discuss any problems with the interviewer? Yes
Questions # and Problems Identified:
• No
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Exhibit 5. CTEPP Tracking System
Collection Checklist
>
<
Item*
1
2
3
1
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1?
Sample / Data
Indoor Air-;\AD1 -Room#1
Indoor Air-XAD 2-Room#1
Outdoor Air-XAD 3
Outdoor Air-XAD A
Indoor Air - XAD 5 - Room #2
Indoor Air-XAD 6 -Room #2
1 Solid Food container -Room
1 Liquid Food container- Room
1 Water container per Center
1 Solid Food container Room
1 Liquid Food container Room
Hnrrt-Flnnr Winfi- 1 npr rpntpr
Sample
Type
IAN
IAA
OAN
OM
IAN
IAA
SFC
LFC
DRW
SFC
LFC
FRW
Sample I
IAN1 051E
IAA10676
OAN1 073
OAA1091
IAN10547
IAA10678
SFC1205
LFC12171
DRW126
SFC1205
LFC12172
FSW1 37?
i
-
r^
t
<
Collected By
JMcDonell
J McDonell
J McDonell
J McDonell
L Lantz
L Lantz
T Branch
T Branch
T Branch
CDagnino
CDagnino
Collected Date
07/1 9/2000
07/19/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/19/2000
07/19/2000
07/19/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
Sample
Conditior1
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Fynlnin
HVS3
Ss.rnp
Sample
Explanati
SRmnle
Received
Bv
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
Received Date —
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
>|~
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Exhibit 6. CTEPP Participant Data QC Check List
CTEPP ID: 09-004-1
Data Item
1. Daily Checklists
2. Form #1
3. Consent Forms (2)
4. Receipts (2)
5. Air Log
6. Premonitoring
7. Postmonitoring
8. Chemical Table
9. Observation Survey
10. Sketches
11. Diary
12.
Check Notes
Complete
Complete
Participation consent: Complete
Future consent: Complete
$25 and $75
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete (to be entered electronically)
Non-marked clothing items on page 8, (F1.4) on page 9, (F9) on page 16.
C:\MY DATA FILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\QAQCExhibit_6.doc
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Exhibit 7. CTEPP Data Entry Program Test
DATA ENTRY TEST
SUZANNE BENNY
8/21/00
Form 4:
1. No place for cooperation/quality of interviewer - need this info?
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
2. A3 - asks for to identify room - include # only, or verbal description too?
Verbal description too. 08/31/00 ER
3. A3 & A7 - include instructions on how to advance from these (i.e., leave blank)?
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
4. A12 j & k - include instructions to leave blank if n/a, and not to put "2" for "No"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
5. B17 - no place for "n/a" - this is the farm income question
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
6. C1&C10- assume minutes = 0 if blank? Yes (added instructions on screen) 08/31/00
ER
7. C6 - no place for "none"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
8. C26- no option for "never"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
C:\MY DATA FILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\QAQCExhibit_7.doc
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Exhibit 8. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Initial Screen
Form 1
Form 2
Form 3
Form A
Form 5
Form 6
Form 7
Form 3
Form 9
Form 10
-------
Exhibit 9. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Data Entry Screen
IS Blaise Data Entry - K:\Projects\CATI\Ctepp\DataForm\Real\TeamA\Form04\form04
Forms Answer Navigate Options Help
D 1 H H X
FORM04 I
0 B
CARPET INFORMATION
(A2) Is there any carpet (including area rugs) in your home?
1. Yes
2. No
C 7. Refused
8. Don't Know
9. Missing
J2/YR
|7DA/WK
Old , 3/26 Modified by rules , Clean Navigate FORM04
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Exhibit 10. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Status Screen
Data Entry Forms
-------
Exhibit 11. CTEPP Double Data Entry Crosschecks
COMPARE Procedure
Comparison of TEAMA.FORM04A with TEAMB.FORM04A
(Method=EXACT)
Comparison Results for Observations
PID=010011:
Variable Base Value
A12ad
May_Note
Oct_Note
A16
0
2 WKS IN SPR
2 WKS IN FAL
8:00-8:3 0AM
Compare
98.000000
8:00-8:3 0AM
Diff .
98.000000
% Diff
PID=010031
Variable
A6_l
A6_4
A7_l
A16
Base Value
I/WEEK
I/WEEK
KITCHEN/DINI
6:30AM/5PM
PID=010041:
Variable
A3 1
Compare
I/ WEEK
I/ WEEK
KITCHEN/ DIN
6:30 AM/ 5PM
Base Value
LIVING RM
Compare
LIVING ROOM
C:\MY DATA FILE\CTEPPFinalReport91604\QAQCExhibit_l l.doc
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
QA/QC Summary Report for CTEPP Ohio Data Collection
I. Introduction
The research study, "Children's Total Exposure to Persistent Pesticides and Other Persistent
Organic Pollutants" (CTEPP), is a pilot-scale project involving about 260 children, which
investigates the possible exposures that young children may have to common contaminants in
their everyday surroundings. These contaminants include several pesticides, phenols,
poly chlorinated biphenyls, and poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which are suspected
of being endocrine disrupters. The targeted compounds are persistent in the indoor and
sometimes the outdoor environments, so that very low levels may exist in the children's
surrounding microenvironments and provide a source of chronic, non-acute exposure. The
primary purposes of the research are to increase our understanding of children's exposures to
persistent pollutants, to gain information on the various activities, environmental media, and
pollutant characteristics that may influence children's exposures, and to generate further
questions and hypotheses for future research. This document provides a summary of the quality
assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) procedures conducted for the CTEPP project. In the
following sections, we describe the study activities and the QA/QC procedures. The relevant
standard operating procedures (SOPs) are listed in the Reference Section at the end of this
document.
II. CTEPP Data Collection Activities
As illustrated in Exhibit 1 (CTEPP Study Activities Flow Chart), CTEPP data collection
activities are conducted in three phases: Pre-Data Collection, Field Data Collection, and Post-
Data Collection. To ensure data quality, standard operating procedures (SOPs) were developed
and project team members were trained according to the SOPs. All project activities were
conducted by trained project staff members, who were divided into the following project teams:
1) recruitment team (including RDD and field teams), 2) field support team, and 3) field data
collection team.
The recruitment team was responsible for recruiting daycare and RDD home participants. It was
supported by a team of telephone interviewers and some field staff members. During the pre-
data collection phase, the following key activities were conducted by the recruitment team and
field support team.
• Recruit/Train Participants, Present T-shirts, Pay $25, Remind Food Samples
Collection
• Label Sample Containers
• Compile Field Notebooks
• Pack Van, Check items on the check lists
The field support team conducted QA/QC checks before and after the preparation of all field
supplies, sample containers, and data forms. They ensured that all the materials needed for the
field data collection activities were complete and accurate.
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
After the field support team completed the preparation work, the field data collection team did a
final check on all needed field supplies, sample containers, and data forms for the scheduled
sampling appointments. After loading the van and completing the final checks, the field data
collection team drove to the sampling site for the scheduled sampling appointment with the study
subject. The following key activities were conducted by the field data collection team during the
field data collection phase.
• Field Data Collection Activities
• Record Sample/Data Condition on Sample/Data Check Lists
• Put Samples in ZipLoc Bags
• Put Samples in Freezers
• Record problems/issues on Daily Check List
• Leave Field Notebooks in the CTEPP Workroom
Once the field data collection team returned to the Battelle office, the field support team received
the field samples and data from the field data collection team. The following key activities were
conducted by the field support team during the post-data collection phase.
• Update Sample/Data Check Lists in the CTEPP Tracking System (TS)
• Verify Sample Conditions
• Check Field Notebooks (data forms)
• File Field Notebooks in the participant folders
• Ship Samples
• Conduct Data Entry
• Update Progress Reports
• Update QC Check List
In the following Sections, we describe specific QA/QC procedures relevant to the CTEPP data
forms and database preparation.
III. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing the Questionnaire Data Forms and
Questionnaire Database
Battelle is always committed to the production of highest quality data. A key to accomplish this
objective is to implement standardized QA/QC procedures. QA/QC is a continuous process. As
illustrated in Exhibit 2 (CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing Data Forms and Database),
Battelle implemented a comprehensive QA/QC plan to ensure data quality in all phases of the
CTEPP project, from pre-data collection to post-data collection phase.
A. Pre-Data Collection Phase:
Developed and Tested Data Forms, CA TI Programs
During the pre-data collection phase, the following data forms were developed.
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
• Recruitment Survey (Form #1)
• House/Building Characteristics Observation Survey - Home (Form #2)
• House/Building Characteristics Observation Survey - Child Daycare Center (Form
#3)
• Pre-Monitoring Questionnaire - Parent (Form #4)
• Pre-Monitoring Questionnaire - Child Daycare Center (Form #5)
• Post-Monitoring Questionnaire - Parent (Form #6)
• Post-Monitoring Questionnaire - Child Daycare Center (Form #7)
• Child Activity Diary/Parent - Children Don't Attend Daycare (Form #8)
• Child Activity Diary/Parent - Children Attend Daycare (Form #9)
• Child Activity Diary - Daycare Teacher (Form #10)
All the data forms were tested by trained project staff for consistency and accuracy. In addition,
mock interviews and field data collection simulations were conducted to evaluate the
effectiveness of the data forms. The data forms were finally reviewed and approved by IRB and
OMB. Form #1 (Recruitment Survey) was modified into computer-assisted telephone
interviewing programs (CATI) for recruiting the ROD participants (children who did not attend
daycares). The CATI programs automatically performed QC checks during data entry, which
included range checks, consistency checks, and skip pattern checks. Before the CATI programs
were approved for actual ROD recruitment and data collection, it also went through rigid QA/QC
checks for programming errors. Exhibit 3 provides an example of the QA/QC test document.
Conducted Staff Training on Data Collection SOPs
To ensure the consistency and high quality of data collection, a comprehensive training plan was
implemented. The recruitment team members received training in the implementation of the
recruitment SOPs before subject recruitment activities began. Standardized scripts and materials
(e.g., CATI system and Interviewer's Manual) were developed. The Interviewer's Manual
provided information on the background and aims of this study, the standard interviewing
procedures, confidentiality requirements, and question-by-question specifications for the
recruitment survey. Interviewers must be certified for the study before they can initiate any
contact with the study subjects. In order to be certified as a CATI interviewer for the study, an
interviewer must pass the following two tests:
1. CATI Operation Test: The interviewer must demonstrate that he/she is familiar
with the CATI instrument and the computer-working
environment.
2. CATI Interview Test: The interviewer must conduct at least two mock CATI
interviews and receive a satisfactory evaluation from the
CATI supervisor.
Training for the field data collection team members included a five-day (40-hour) training
session and additional self-practice time was provided to the field staff. The following is a brief
summary of the training topics.
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Day 1: Training covered study background, recruitment SOPs, confidentiality
issues, informed consent procedures, and the interviewing protocol.
Day 2: The field staff members were trained to administer all the data collection
forms.
Day 3: The training included field sampling procedures, i.e., the use of field
notebooks and the collection of air, food, urine, dermal hand wipes, hard
floor wipes, food preparation surface wipes, the polyurethane foam (PUF)
roller for dislodgeable residues, indoor floor dust, and soil samples.
Internal field audits and QC procedures were also discussed.
Days 4/5: A mock field sampling exercise (with 2 volunteers) was conducted during
the last two days of training. The field team visited the volunteer's home
and conduct actual field sampling activities. The field staff members were
also certified during these two days (i.e., they were required to pass the
tests set for the field sampling procedures).
Day 5: Training in packing and shipping procedures was given on the final day.
The training ended with a final review of all SOPs.
Before field data collection began, the field support team members also went through training for
data form tracking and processing procedures, coding procedures, and quality control
procedures.
Conducted Participant Orientation/Training
Due to the unique features of the CTEPP study, some key information and samples were
collected by the study participants themselves. Keeping the participants involved and well
informed was critical to the success of the study. All participants (i.e., parents and daycare staff)
were trained (i.e., received project orientation) prior to the scheduled sampling appointment
(normally one week before the actual sampling). During the orientation/training, our project
staff went through the SOPs for collecting samples of food, urine, and dermal hand wipes and
recording the Child Activity Diary with the participants.
B. Data Collection Phase:
Conducted CATI Monitoring
As a standard procedure to ensure data quality, Battelle routinely verifies data collection
activities. For monitoring CATI interviews (Form #1 RDD), Battelle employed sophisticated
computer software (i.e., PROXY) and a telephone monitoring system to validate CATI interview
data. With the monitoring system, the CATI supervisor could actually "watch" and "listen" to an
interview in progress. A standardized monitoring procedure was developed and used for CATI
monitoring. The supervisor randomly selected an interview for monitoring. The monitoring
system transferred the interviewer's computer screen and telephone conversation in real time to
the supervisor's workstation. The interviewer being monitored or the study respondent could not
notice any difference while the monitoring was in progress. To ensure the participant's right, a
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
statement that the interview might be monitored by a project supervisor for quality assurance was
read to the respondent before the interview began. The monitoring results were recorded in a
CATI Interview Monitoring Form (See Exhibit 4).
Conducted Staff Field Edit
All field data collection team members were trained to conduct field edit for all completed data
forms. During data collection, the field staff conducted field edits to identify missing data items
or questionable information at the sampling site. Any identified issues or problems were
resolved at the sampling site before the field data collection team returned to Battelle whenever
the field conditions allowed. A Daily Activity Check List was developed to assist the field staff
in conducting data collection activities and field edit. The field edits ensured that any data
collection issues or problems were resolved early at the sampling site with the study participant.
Conducted Internal Field Audits
According to CTEPP SOP 2.25, Battelle conducted periodic internal field audits to ensure high
quality of data collection. The internal field audits were conducted by the Field Team Leader
and/or designated field auditors. The field data collection team was not notified of the field audit
visit. The field audit schedule was randomly selected by the field auditor/Field Team Leader.
During a field audit visit, the field auditor observed all field sampling activities according to the
SOPs. The field auditor recorded any findings or observations about the field staffs work that
was not consistent with the SOPs. Before the end of each field audit visit, the field auditor
discussed the findings or observations with the field staff. A field audit report was prepared by
the field auditor after each field audit to document the field audit visit.
Conducted External Field Audits
In addition to Battelle internal field audits, some external field audits were conducted by an EPA
auditor and project officer. On September 12 and 13, 2000, EPA audited the North Carolina data
collection teams. On June 5, 2001, an EPA project officer conducted a field observation visit
with the Ohio data collection teams. There were no findings in all the external field audits and
observation visits.
C. Post-Data Collection Phase:
Applied Chain of Custody Procedures
In order to protect the study samples and data forms, a standardized chain-of-custody procedure
was developed and implemented for the CTEPP study (See SOP 2.26). In addition, Battelle
developed a sophisticated CTEPP Tracking System to monitor the status of data collection. As
soon as the field team returned to the office, the field support (receiving) team checked the
samples/data condition and updated the data collection status in the CTEPP Tracking System
(See Exhibit 5). The following information was recorded for each study participant.
• Sample/Data Description
• Sample Type
• Sample ID#
• Staff s Name Who Collected the Sample/Data
• Date of Collection
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
• Sample Condition
• Number of Floor Dust Sampling Areas
• Sample Explanation (if Sample Condition = Explain)
• Staff s Name Who Received the Sample/Data from the Field Team
• Date Received Sample/Data
• Time Received Sample/Data
If the samples/data need to be shipped to another location, the CTEPP Tracking System
automatically generates a Chain-of-Custody record for the staff to sign.
Receiving Team Conducted QC Checks
After checking and storing the environmental and biological samples, the receiving team
conducted QC checks on all the participant's data forms and study materials. A CTEPP
Participant Data QC Check List was developed to track the QC status of each data item (See
Exhibit 6). The staff carefully reviewed each data form for missing or questionable data items.
After the staff completed the QC review, she/he put her/his initial and date of review on the back
of the data form. Any pending issues (e.g., missing materials or information) identified through
the QC review were recorded in the Check Notes of the CTEPP Participant Data QC Check List.
The field support staff resolved each pending issue by checking with the field data collection
staff or contacting the participant.
Developed and Tested Data Entry Programs
After the data forms went through the QC checks and received a "complete" status, the forms
were ready for data entry. The Battelle programming team developed a double data entry
program to allow two separate data entry teams to conduct data entry. The data entry program
was designed to perform additional QC checks during data entry, which included range checks,
consistency checks, and skip pattern checks. Before the data entry program was used for actual
data entry, it was fully tested by trained project staff. An example of the testing document is
illustrated in Exhibit 7 (CTEPP Data Entry Program Test). Examples of data entry program
screens are illustrated in Exhibits 8, 9, and 10.
Conducted Double-Data Entry
All data forms were entered twice and verified, using the CTEPP Double Data Entry Program.
Two data entry teams (Teams A and B) performed the data entry work and entered the data into
two separate databases. All the data entry team members were trained before they were allowed
to conduct data entry work. Each data form was entered twice by 2 different people. As a
standard procedure for entering the open text fields, the data entry teams were instructed to enter
participant's responses verbatim. [Note: Some of the participant reported information contained
typos or spelling errors. Per EPA's instructions (2/7/02 conference call), we have corrected
those spelling errors.]
Conducted Computer Program Checks for Data Entry Errors
A computer verification program was developed for checking the accuracy of the entered data
and every record in the two databases was crosschecked. An example of the crosschecks
computer program is illustrated in Exhibit 11 (CTEPP Double Keying Crosschecks &
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Corrections). The crosscheck computer program identified any discrepancies between the two
databases and the results were displayed on screen.
Corrected Data Entry Errors
For each data item detected by the computer program, the data entry staff verified the
information with the original participant data form and made corrections as needed. The
crosscheck computer program made it easy for the staff to identify data entry problems and to
verify the information. This program also kept a log of all changes made, including original and
new data, date/time of data changed, and name of the staff that made the changes.
Prepared Final Master Database
A final master database for each data form was prepared after all QC checks were completed and
data entry discrepancies were corrected. Backup data files were also created to protect the
CTEPP data. All CTEPP data files and document are protected by password. Only authorized
project staff members have access to the restricted project folders.
Prepared and Verified Data Dictionary and Document
After the completion of master database preparation, the programming team prepared the
updated data dictionary for each data form database. The project staff verified the data
dictionaries by comparing the hard copy manuals, the electronic files, and the database
structures.
Final Data Verification Checks
After completing all the tasks described in the earlier sections, the project staff conducted final
QA/QC checks by reviewing data frequency reports and verifying (about 10%) randomly
selected participant files. Data items in the database were checked against the data
documentation manual (i.e., data variables in the data dictionary) and the actual participant data
in the original data form. The results of the random checks showed 100% accuracy. The data in
the original participant data form were correctly recorded in the CTEPP database, and the data
variables were accurately documented in the data dictionary. Before Battelle delivered the
database to EPA, the data variables containing personal identifiers (i.e., names, street address,
GPS, etc.) were removed from the database or the information was modified to ensure participant
confidentiality. The results of the final data verification checks are shown in Table 1. A list of
data variables removed or modified for ensuring participant confidentiality is included in Table
2.
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
a
a
a
Exhibit 1. CTEPP Study Activities Flow Chart
Pre-Data
Collection
Recruit/Train Participants,
Present T-shirts, Pay $25,
Remind Food Samples
Collection
Label Sample Containers
Compile Field Notebooks
Pack Van, Check items on
the check lists
CTEPP Field
Support Team
Field Data
Collection
a Field Data Collection
Q Record Sample/Data Condition
on Sample/Data Check Lists
Q Put Samples in ZipLoc Bags
Q Put Samples in Freezers
Q Record problems/issues on
Daily Check List
a Leave Field Notebooks in the
CTEPP Workroom
CTEPP Field Data
Collection Team
Post-Data
Collection
a Update Sample/Data Check
Lists in the CTEPP TS
Q Verify Sample Conditions
Q Check Field Notebooks
a File Field Notebooks
a Ship Samples
Q Data Entry
Q Progress Reports
a QC Reports
7
CTEPP Field
Support
(Receiving) Team
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 2. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for Preparing Data Forms and Database
Pre-Data Collection
Phase
• Developed and Tested Data Forms, CATI
Programs
• Conducted Staff Training on Data Collection
SOPs
• Conducted Participant Orientation/Training
Data Collection Phase
• Conducted CATI Monitoring
• Conducted Staff Field Edit
• Conducted Internal Field Audits
• Conducted External Field Audits
Post-Data Collection
Phase
Applied Chain of Custody Procedures
Receiving Team Conducted QC Checks
Developed and Tested Data Entry Programs
Conducted Double-Data Entry
Conducted Computer Program Checks for
Data Entry Errors
Corrected Data Entry Errors
Prepared Final Master Database
Prepared and Verified Data Dictionary and
Document
Final Data Verification Checks
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Exhibit 3. KDD CATI Tests Document
ROD CATI Tests
Carey Aselage
December 8, 1999
1. Add the following interviewer instructions to this question: May I speak to the parent or guardian
of the children in this household (OR NAME OF RESPONDENT IF OBTAINED THE NAME
FROM PREVIOUS CALL)?-fixed EB 12/99
2. Skip pattern for answer #1 goes to Q3. However, this question is numbered as Q2 in CATI. I
combined question 2 and 3 into 1 question and called it Q2_3. Since it is really the same question
with a little different wording depending on whether the parent answered the phone or had to be
called to the phone. CWL - is that ok or do you want 2 separate questions? [CWL: Please
program as 2 separate questions] Fixed EB 12/99
I did the same thing with questions 4a & c and 4 b & d. [CWL: Please follow
the hard copy]. -Fixed EB 12/99
** Add Contact Information in the first screen (Subject's Name, Address,
ID#, Phone #.) or create a Sub Form for this information and revise the
instruction in Exit 4 accordingly. - cwl Sub form created EB 12/99
3. According to the HC, answer #4 (Refused, No Information) should go to Exit #1. CATI does skip
to Exit #1, however, the skip also includes Exit #4. This makes sense, I just want to confirm since
the HC doesn't mention Exit 4 in the skip pattern for response #4. Since Exit 1 didn't have any
instructions in the hard copy, I added what I thought were reasonable instructions. CWL - Let me
know if this is ok as is, or if I need to make changes.
4. Exit #1 script contains the following information that doesn't appear on HC: IF CORRECT
NUMBER: Thank you very much. Goodbye. PRESS CTL/S AND CHOOSE NONRESPONSE.
See above comments.
5. Currently, the only month an appointment can be set is December 1999.1 set that up for testing
purposes. CWL will need to look at the survey definition and let me know what changes need to be
made. EB 12/99
10
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 4. CATI Interview Monitoring Form
Interview Monitoring Form
Study:
Interviewer:
Monitor:
Date:
Time Begin/End:
Study Manager:
1
Total Number of Calls Monitored:
Number of Contact-Calls:
[RECORD THE RESULTS OF MONITORING FOR EACH CONTACT-CALL]
Subject ID#:
1. Identify self and read introduction clearly
2. Record the dial result correctly
3. Record appropriate interviewer comments
4. Make appointment correctly
5. Read questions clearly and follow instructions
6. Use appropriate probing when necessary
7. Record responses correctly
8. Record appropriate remarks when necessary
9. Maintain neutrality and control of interview
10. Maintain a courteous, professional manner
11. Answer respondent's questions appropriately
12. Refrain from giving personal remarks/opinions
1=YES
2=NO
3=NA
Comments:
Did the Supervisor discuss any problems with the interviewer? Yes •
Questions # and Problems Identified:
•— No
11
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 5. CTEPP Tracking System
Collection Checklist
>
N
Item*
1
2
3
1
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1?
Sample / Data
Indoor Air-XAD 1 -Room#l
indoor Air-XAD 2- Room #1
OutdoorAir-XAD3
OutdoorAir-XADI
IndoorAir-XAD 5-Room#2
indoor Air-XAD 6 -Room #2
1 Solid Food container- Room
1 Liquid Food container- Room
1 Water container percenter
1 Solid Food container Room
1 Liquid Food container Room
HRrd-Flnnr Wine - 1 nerrFnter
Sample
Type
IAN
IAA
OAN
OAA
IAN
IAA
SFC
LFC
DRW
SFC
LFC
FRW '
Sample l[-
IAN10546"
IAA10676
OAN1079
OAA1091!
IAN1054?
IAA10678
SFC1205C
LFC12171
DRW126:
SFC12D51
LFC12172
FSW1 17?
>r
>
<
Collected By
JMcDonell
JMcDonell
J McDonell
J McDonell
L Lantz
L Lanlz
T Branch
T Branch
T Branch
CDagnino
CDsgnino
Collected Date
07/19/2000
07/19/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/19/2000
07/19/2000
07/19/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
Sample
Conditior
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
Good
FvnlRin
HVS3
Samp
Sample Received
ExplanstilBy
fiamnlp
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
CLyu
Received Date —
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/20/2000
07/21/2000
07/21/2000
>r~
Collected By Received By Clear Record
12
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 6. CTEPP Participant Data QC Check List
CTEPP ID: 09-004-1
Data Item
1. Daily Checklists
2. Form #1
3. Consent Forms (2)
4. Receipts (2)
5. Air Log
6. Premonitoring
7. Postmonitoring
8. Chemical Table
9. Observation Survey
10. Sketches
11. Diary
12.
Check Notes
Complete
Complete
Participation consent: Complete
Future consent: Complete
$25 and $75
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete (to be entered electronically)
Non-marked clothing items on page 8, (F1.4) on page 9, (F9)
on page 16.
13
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Exhibit 7. CTEPP Data Entry Program Test
DATA ENTRY TEST
SUZANNE BENNY
8/21/00
Form 4:
1. No place for cooperation/quality of interviewer - need this info?
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
2. A3 - asks for to identify room - include # only, or verbal description too?
Verbal description too. 08/31/00 ER
3. A3 & A7 - include instructions on how to advance from these (i.e., leave blank)?
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
4. A12 j & k - include instructions to leave blank if n/a, and not to put "2" for "No"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
5. B17 - no place for "n/a" - this is the farm income question
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
6. C1&C10- assume minutes = 0 if blank? Yes (added instructions on screen) 08/31/00
ER
7. C6 - no place for "none"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
8. C26- no option for "never"
Fixed 08/28/00 ER
14
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 8. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Initial Screen
Choose a Team
Form 1
Form 2
Form 3
Form
Form 5
Form 6
Form 7
Form 8
Form 9
Form 10
15
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 9. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Data Entry Screen
1 IS Blaise Data Entry - K:\Projects\CATI\Ctepp\DataForm\Real\TeamA\Form04\form04
Forms Answer Navigate Options Help
D i H B X * 0 B B- <>
FORM04 |
CARPET INFORMATION
(A2) Is there any carpet (including area rugs) in
r 2. No r
r 7. Refused
your home?
8. Don't Know
9. Missing
[A2 Q yes | Mm
\A3 [BEDROOM AB
i R "
A5 |2/YR A^ly
« & — r
Old 3/26 Modified by rules Clean Navigate FQRM04
1 e -d
|2/YR
J7DA/WK
IBEDROOM
|2/YR ^
1 //,
16
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 10. CTEPP Double Data Entry Program
Status Screen
Data Entry Forms
17
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Exhibit 11. CTEPP Double Keying Crosschecks & Corrections
Hi DOUBLE KEY SOFTWARE
-Ifllxj
File Edit
Double Keying Error Correction Form
Tables:
I Form 03
- Functions—
Friday, September 06, 2002 12:13PM
Total Records: 32
^
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Table 1. Final Data Verification Checks for OH Database
PID
41-001-1
46-002-1
52-004-1
61-004-1
64-003-1
70-001-1
98-008-1
98-026-1
98-053-1
98-069-1
98-115-1
51-000-3
66-000-3
Data Forms Checked
2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
1,2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 9, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
2, 4, 6, 8, Air Data Log
3,5,7, 10, Air Data Log
3,5,7, 10, Air Data Log
QA/QC Checks Status
Complete Checks: Checked all
variables of each data form
Complete Checks: Checked all
variables of each data form
Complete Checks: Checked all
variables of each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Complete Checks: Checked all
variables of each data form
Complete Checks: Checked all
variables of each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Partial Checks: Checked some
randomly selected variables of
each data form
Results
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
No problem
19
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Table 2. Potential Participant Identifying Information
Form#
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
Field Name
C3al
C3bl
C3cl
CSlatdeg
CSlatms
CSdirl
CSlondeg
CSlonms
C8dir2
C3al
C3bl
C3cl
CSlatdeg
CSlatms
CSdirl
CSlondeg
CSlonms
C8dir2
Name
Phone
Jan Note - Dec Note
A14spec
Bl 1(-10)
B6
B7
B8
B9spec
BIO
Bll
B12
B13spec
B14
B15
B16
B29
B31
B33
C32m and C32d
C33mandC33d
Name
Phone
A4 ltoA4 5
A14spec
A16
B15 ItoBIS 4
Remarks
May contain street names
May contain street names
May contain street names
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
May contain street names
May contain street names
May contain street names
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
GPS reading
Contact name for who knows the age of the house
Phone number for who knows the age of the house
May contain names
May contain street names
People's names
Employer's name, check all
May be too specialized, check all
May be too specialized, check all
Person's name
Employer's name, check all
May be too specialized, check all
May be too specialized, check all
Person's name
Employer's name
May be too specialized, check all
May be too specialized, check all
Person's name
Person's name
Person's name
Child's DOB - Day and Month (kept Year)
Adult's DOB - Day and Month (kept Year)
contact name for age of the house
Phone number for age of the house
Change all Classrooms names to either Cl
(classroom 1) or C2 (classroom 2).
May contain street names
May contain street names
Change all Classrooms names to either Cl
(classroom 1) or C2 (classroom 2).
Action
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Removed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
20
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CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Table 2. Potential Participant Identifying Information
Form#
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
Field Name
B21Nm atoB21NmJ
B21TL atoB21TLJ
QIAwhtoQIZwh
QIAho to QlZho
Q21Nm atoQ21Nm k
Q21TL atoQ21TL k
Q22 a to Q22 k
Q24Lc atoQ24Lc k
Q1AB to Q1ZB
Q1AC to Q1ZC
comment
Q4Wher 1 to Q4Wher 5
Q5 ItoQS 5
Q6 ltoQ6 5
ACTdSp 1 to ACTdSp 5
ACTiSp 1 to ACTiSp 5
Q4Wher 1 to Q4Wher 4
Q5 1 to Q5 4
Q6 1 to Q6 4
ACTdSp 1 to ACTdSp 4
ACTiSp 1 to ACTiSp 4
Q4Wher 1 to Q4Wher 3
Q6Spc 1 to Q6Spc 3
Q7Spc 1 to Q7Spc 3
ACTdSp 1 to ACTdSp 3
ACTiSpJ to ACTiSp_3
Remarks
Name of commercial contractor (a to j)
Phone number of commercial contractor (a to j)
May contain names
May contain names
Commercial Contractor name
Commercial Contractor Phone number
Could contain names
Could contain names
Could contain names
Could contain names
Could contain names
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
May contain names or locations
May contain names or locations
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
May contain names or locations
May contain names or locations
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
Could contain recognizable locations or names of
people
May contain names or locations
May contain names or locations
Action
Removed
Removed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Removed
Removed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
Revised as needed
21
-------
CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
IV. CTEPP QA/QC Procedures for the Analytical Database
Analytical data were electronically imported into the database according to CTEPP SOP
4.12. The analytical raw data (QUAN report) were generated from each instrument by a
qualified analyst (the first data reviewer). The QUAN report was then reviewed by the
TOL (the second data reviewer) for all the identified analytes. The QUAN report was
then electronically transferred into a custom report and saved as a "crd" file. The "crd"
file was then electronically parsed into an Excel spreadsheet template, pertinent data such
as sample extraction weight and quality assurance codes were added and saved as an
Excel file with an extension of ".xls" by the first data reviewer. The TOL reviewed all
the Excel files before importing into the analytical database. If any anomalous results
were observed in the data, every effort was made to identify any problems in the sample
collection, sample preparation, and/or analysis, which could have contributed to the
anomaly. Data dictionaries and code sets for core analytical data, QA/QC data, and
ancillary data were developed for the analytical database. The completed Excel
spreadsheets were then electronically imported into the analytical database by the
database staff.
Database queries were developed to perform QA/QC checks. The QA/QC checks
performed for the Ohio analytical database include (1) sample ID checks, (2) missing
data checks, (3) duplication data checks, (4) out-of-range checks, (5) upper- and lower-
concentrations checks, and (6) calculation checks.
Sample ID checks
The sample ID checks were performed to verify that all Sample IDs with reported data
were valid Sample IDs, i.e., they were logged in as received from the field. If invalid
sample IDs were detected, the database staff traced back to the original raw data,
including laboratory record books and GC/MS logbooks, to identify the transcription
error and to make the corrections accordingly. All corrections were documented in the
database importing logbook.
Missing data checks
The missing data checks were performed to verify that all Sample IDs received from the
field had a full set of analytical data reported. Samples that were received but that did not
have a complete set of analytical data and/or ancillary data, other than for a stated reason
in the electronic CoC data, were identified, and one of the following correction actions
was taken (as appropriate): analytical data was found and imported into the database, or
samples were located, processed, analyzed, reviewed, and the analytical data was
imported into the database. Samples that were lost or damaged during laboratory
processing were identified and imported into the QA Action table with an explanation
regarding their disqualification.
Table 3 presents a summary of the number of samples collected and the number of
samples with data reported.
22
-------
CTEPP OH QA/QC Report
02/17/2004
Table 3. Summary of Ohio Sample Collection and Analysis
Sample Code a
DAA
DAH
DAN
DCA
BCD
DCH
DCN
DRW
FPW
FSW
IAA
IAN
IFD
LFA
LFC
OAA
OAN
PUF
SFA
SFC
SOL
URA
URC
Sample Description
Dermal Wipe at Home Adult #3 and #4
Dermal Wipe Day care Adult at Home
Dermal Wipe at Home Adult # 1 and #2
Dermal Wipe at Home Child #3 and #4
Dermal Wipe Day care Child at Day care
Dermal Wipe Day care Child at Home
Dermal Wipe at Home Child # 1 and #2
Drinking Water
Food Preparation Surface Wipe
Floor Surface Wipe
Indoor Air Acid
Indoor Air Neutral
Indoor Floor Dust
Liquid Food Adult
Liquid Food Child
Outdoor Air Acid
Outdoor Air Neutral
PUF Roller Surface Dislodgeables
Solid Food Adult
Solid Food Child
Soil
Urine Adult
Urine Child
Field Samples
Collected "
# Real ( #QA)
69
58
69
69 (14)
58
59
69 (14)
143(14)
16
38
149(1)
149(1)
143(14)
122c
170C
143(13)
143(13)
16(2)
127
156(14)
143
1,096
1,272
Field Samples
Reported b
69
58
69
83
58
59
83
157
16
38
150
150
157
122
170
155d
156
18
127
170
143
194e
266e
a Sample code shown is the prefix, or first three letters of the Sample Identification Code.
b Samples collected include all the number of real field samples followed by the number of field blanks in
parenthesis. Samples collected and samples reported do not include samples generated and analyzed as
laboratory QC samples.
0 Five households returned empty liquid food containers and indicated that they drank water only. These
samples were disqualified and were not included in the sample count.
d Sample OAA19745 was lost during the laboratory extraction.
e The number of urine samples reported is the number of both composited and non-composited samples.
Duplicate data checks
Duplicate data checks were performed to verify that the same analytical data was not
imported into the database twice for a given sample. The database staff traced the sample
results back to the laboratory record books, the GC/MS sequence logs, and/or the QUAN
reports to confirm that duplicate data was the result of a double import, and not a QA/QC
re-analysis (e.g. duplicate sample or duplicate injection). Once the duplicate data was
identified as a double import, the set of results for the sample having the oldest sample
import date were eliminated from the analytical database. If the duplicate data was
identified as a QA/QC re-analysis, the proper QCC code was added to the QC_Code data
field, and the data for the first duplicate (only) remained in the Core_Analytical_Results
table, and the data for the first and second duplicates were reported in the
QA_QC_Results table.
Out of range checks
23
-------
CTEPP OH QA/QC Report 02/17/2004
Out-of-range checks were performed to verify that all data for data fields limited to a
codeset did not violate that codeset. For data fields that were limited to a codeset of
values, queries were performed to identify data within those fields that did not belong to,
or "violated", the codeset. Once identified, the database staff traced the sample results
back to the laboratory record books to identify the transcription error. The data in the
database was corrected, and that correction was documented.
Upper- and lower- concentration checks
Upper- and lower-level concentrations checks were performed on approximately 5% of
the results that were plus or minus three standard deviations from the mean. Database
queries were performed to identify those calculated results (Resultl and Result2) greater
than or less than three standard deviations from the domain mean. Five percent of these
data were reviewed again by the data reviewer. The data reviewer checked the QUAN
report, all the parameters used for the results calculation, and the result calculation itself
to make sure that identification and quantification were performed correctly. If the data
reviewers detected any mis-identification and/or mis-quantification, corrections were
made accordingly. The TOL approved the corrected data and the database manager made
the changes in the database. All activities were documented in the laboratory record
books and database importing logbook.
Several additional checks were performed to:
(1) review the SRS and MSS recoveries data greater than 150% and less than
50%;
(2) review the %D data that are greater than 50%;
(3) add more flag codes to explain these QC data from items 1 and 2;
(4) review all nonzero method blanks and field method blanks; and
Calculation Checks
Calculation checks were performed in Excel spreadsheets for selected samples to verify
that the calculations performed on Excel spreadsheet agreed with the calculations
performed on the analytical database. Hand calculations, using a calculator, were
performed on select data to verify the calculated data agreed with the database calculated
data.
For those data requiring calculation of results, a random subset (approximately 5%) of the
raw data was calculated using an independent calculation source (Excel) for validation.
In addition, hand calculations were performed on random data for each sample matrix
using a calculator.
24
-------
Appendix E
EPA SAS Program for QA/QC
E-l
-------
EPA SAS Program for QA/QC
*** AD ***•
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code ='AD1' & QC_Result> .30 )) out=adl;
by matrix report_c;
run;
data ad 1;
set ad 1;
if (qc_result > .5) then qc_flag_adl=3; else
if (qc_result > .3) then qc_flag_adl=2;
run;
*** T")S ***•
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code ='DS1' & QC_Result> .30 )) out=dsl;
by matrix report_c;
run;
data dsl;
set dsl;
if (qc_result > .5) then qc_flag_dsl=3; else
if (qc_result > .3) then qc_flag_dsl=2;
if flagl-HET' then qc_flag_dsl=2;
run;
title "SRS";
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code-SRS' & index(flagl,'NSA')=0))
out=qa_qc_results ;
by matrix report_c;
run;
data srs;
set qa_qc_results;
E-2
-------
if (.60 <= QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 1.3) then qc_flag_srs=l; else
if(.40<=QC_Result) then qc_flag_srs=2; else
if(.4>QC_Result) then qc_flag_srs=3; else
if (1.3 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 1.5) & Symboll = '<' then qc_flag_srs=l; else
if (1.3 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 1.5) & Symboll = '=' then qc_flag_srs=2; else
if (1.5 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 3.0) & Symboll = '<' then qc_flag_srs=2; else
if (1.5 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 3.0) & Resultl < 1000 then qc_flag_srs=3; else
if (1.5 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 3.0) & Resultl >= 1000 then qc_flag_srs=2; else
if(QC_Result>3.0) then qc_flag_srs=3;
run;
title "FMB";
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code ='FMB' & symbol 1="=")) out=FMB;
by Raw_ID matrix report_c;
run;
proc sql;
create table fmb2 as
select core.Raw_ID, fmb.sid as fmb_sid, core.sid, core.pid, core.matrix, core.report_c,
fmb.qc_result, fmb.sad, fmb.raw_data, fmb.resultl, fmb.mdll,
core.resultl as core_result, core.mdll as core_mdl, core.Diln_Fac as core_df, core.Flagl
as core_flag
from fmb, core
where substr(fmb.Raw_ID,l,4) = substr(core.Raw_ID,l,4) & fmb.report_c=core.report_c
& fmb.matrix=core.matrix
order by core.sid, core.matrix, core.report_c, fmb.resultl;
run;
proc means data=fmb2 noprint;
by sid matrix report_c;
var re suit 1;
output out=counts n=n;
run;
data ones twos many;
set counts;
if n=l then output ones;
else if n=2 then output twos;
else output many;
run;
E-3
-------
data one2;
merge ones(in=keepit)
fmb2;
by sid matrix report_c;
if keepit;
run;
data twos;
merge twos(in=keepit)
fmb2;
by sid matrix report_c;
if keepit;
run;
proc means data=twos noprint;
by sid matrix report_c;
var result 1 mdll;
output out=two2 min=resultl mdll;
run;
data many;
merge many(in=keepit)
fmb2;
by sid matrix report_c;
if keepit;
run;
proc means data=many noprint;
by sid matrix report_c;
var result 1 mdll;
output out=many2 mean=resultl mdll;
run;
data all;
set one2(keep=sid matrix report_c resultl mdll)
two2
E-4
-------
many2;
by sid matrix report_c;
if last.report_c;
drop _FREQ TYPE_;
run;
data fmb;
merge all(in=keepit)
core(keep=sid matrix report_c resultl rename=(resultl=core_result));
by sid matrix report_c;
if keepit = 0 then qc_flag_fmb =1; else
if core_result <= mdll then qc_flag_fmb =1; else
if (core_result > (8*resultl)) then qc_flag_fmb =1; else
if ((2*resultl) <= core_result) & (core_result <= (8*resultl)) then qc_flag_fmb =2; else
if (core_result < (2*resultl)) then qc_flag_fmb =3;
run;
title "LMB";
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code='LMB')) out=qa_qc_results ;
by sid matrix report_c;
run;
proc sql;
create table 1mb as
select core.Raw_ID, 1mb.sid as lmb_sid, core.sid, core.pid, core.matrix, core.report_c,
lmb.qc_result, 1mb.sad, lmb.raw_data, 1mb.resultl, 1mb.mdll,
core.resultl as core_result, core.mdll as core_mdl
from qa_qc_results as 1mb, core
where substr(lmb.Raw_ID,l,4) = substr(core.Raw_ID,l,4) & lmb.report_c=core.report_c
& 1mb.matrix=core.matrix
order by core.Raw_ID, core.matrix, core.report_c;
run;
data 1mb;
set 1mb;
if resultl <= mdll then qc_flag_LMB =1; else
if core_result <= mdll then qc_flag_LMB =1; else
E-5
-------
if (core_result > (8*resultl)) then qc_flag_LMB =1; else
if ((2*resultl) <= core_result) & (core_result <= (8*resultl)) then qc_flag_LMB =2; else
if (core_result < (2*resultl)) then qc_flag_LMB =3;
run;
title "MSS";
proc sort data=new.qa_qc_results(where=(QC_Code='MSS' & index(sid,'LRB')=0))
out=qa_qc_results ;
by matrix report_c;
run;
proc format;
value $ media
'DAA', 'DAH', 'DAN', 'DCA, 'DCD', 'DCH', 'DCN', TSW ='Wipe'
'DRW = 'Water'
'IAA, 'IAN', 'OAA, 'CAN ='Air'
'IFD' = 'Dust'
'PUF ='PUF'
'LFA, 'LFC', 'SFA, 'SFC ='Solid'
'SOL'='Soil'
'URA, 'URC' ='Urine';
run;
data MSS;
set qa_qc_results;
media=put(matrix,$media.);
report_c=trim(left(report_c));
run;
proc sql;
create table mss2 as
selectmss.no, sp.spike_level
from mss, qc.spike_level_mss as sp
E-6
-------
where mss.media = sp.media & trim(left(mss.report_c)) = trim(left(sp.report_c));
run;
data temp;
merge mss
mss2(in=hasspike);
by no;
if media = 'Urine' & report_c = "IMP (2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol)" then
qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if flagl-SSL' then qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if (.70 <= QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 1.3) then qc_flag_MSS=l; else
if(.50<=QC_Result) then qc_flag_MSS=2; else
if (1.3 < QC_Result) & (QC_Result <= 1.5) then qc_flag_MSS=2; else
if (QC_Result< .50) | (qc_result >1.5) then do;
if raw_data > 100 then qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if raw_data < mdll then qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if raw_data < 20 then qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if (raw_data >=20) & (raw_data<=100) & raw_data > (2*spike_level) then
qc_flag_MSS=3; else
if (raw_data >=20) & (raw_data<=100) & raw_data<= (2*spike_level) then
qc_flag_MSS=2;
end;
run;
*** Over all QC Flag***;
data qc_flag;
length sid $ 50 report_c $ 60;
merge adl com dsl fmb 1mb mss srs ;
by SID Matrix Report_C;
array flags qc_flag_adl qc_flag_com qc_flag_dsl qc_flag_fmb qc_flag_lmb
qc_flag_mss qc_flag_srs ;
do over flags;
if flags =11 then flags=l;
if flags
-------
qc_flag_dsl) >= 7 then qc_flag=2;
else qc_flag=0;
run;
E-8
-------
Appendix F
Median Indoor Air Sample Concentrations (ng/m3) in the NC and OH
Portions of the CTEPP Study
F-l
-------
Median Indoor Air Sample Concentrations (ng/m3) in the NC and OH
Portions of the CTEPP Study
Analyte
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
3 ,5 ,6-TCP (3,5 ,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
alpha-chlordane
benz[a]anthracene
benzo[a]pyrene
benzo [b] fluoranthene
benzo[e]pyrene
benzo[g,h,i]perylene
benzo [k] fluoranthene
benzylbutylphthalate
bisphenol-A
chlorpyrifos
chrysene
cis-permethrin
cyfluthrin
di-n-butylphthalate
diazinon
dibenzo[a,h]anthracene
gamma-chlordane
heptachlor
indeno[ 1 ,2,3-c,d]pyrene
p,p'-DDE
PCB44
PCB52
PCB95
PCB 101
pentachlorophenol
trans-Dermethrin
Median Indoor Air
Concentration (ng/m3)
NC
0.166
1.77
0.840
0.064
0.080
0.130
0.067
0.120
0.064
40.57
1.595
6.070
0.100
0.405
0.615
239.69
2.025
0.064
1.470
6.590
0.090
0.064
0.043
0.530
0.090
0.060
1.450
0.270
OH
0.127
0.650
0.230
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
24.78
0.980
1.750
0.064
0.275
0.615
255.40
0.970
0.064
0.340
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.028
0.440
0.110
0.090
2.000
0.236
Note: The median indoor air concentrations in this table were used as estimates for the indoor air
concentrations for all study participants when not in either a day care center or home environment.
F-2
-------
Appendix G
Algorithms for Estimating Daily Ingestion Rate of Dust and Soil in Children Participants
G-l
-------
Algorithms for Estimating Daily Ingestion Rate of Dust and Soil in Children Participants
Daily ingestion rates of dust and soil were obtained from information found in the EPA
Exposure Factors Handbook. For all participating adult caregivers, the ingestion rates used in the
calculation were Md=25 mg/day and Ms=50 mg/day. For participating children, ingestion rates
were assigned by placing the children into one of three groups (Groups A, B, or C) based upon
their potential for soil ingestion, and then again into one of these three groups based upon their
potential for dust ingestion.
For dust ingestion. the following algorithm was used to assign children to Groups A, B, or C:
1. Responses were obtained from the following questions on Form 04 (parent pre-
monitoring questionnaire):
Question C5: How often did [the child] play with sand or dirt?
- Question C6: Which of the following have you seen your child eat: dirt, sand,
snow
2. Based on the responses to these two questions, each participating child was placed into
Group A, B, or C with regard to dust ingestion if any of the following was satisfied:
Group A: - Response to C5 was "most of the time"
- Response to C5 was "sometimes," and response to C6 was "dirt," "soil,"
and/or "snow"
Group B: - Response to C5 was "sometimes," and response to C6 did not include
"dirt," "soil," or "snow"
- Response to C5 was "rarely or almost never," and response to C6 was
"dirt," "soil," and/or "snow"
Group C: - Response to C5 was neither "most of the time" or "sometimes," and
response to C6 did not include "dirt," "soil," or "snow"
For soil ingestion. the following algorithm was used to assign children to Groups A, B, or C:
1. Responses were obtained from the following questions on Form 04 (parent pre-
monitoring questionnaire):
- Question C12: Did your child use a pacifier in the past month?
Question C13a: In the past month, did [your child] suck or chew his/her
thumb/fingers?
Question C13b: In the past month, did [your child] suck or chew his/her toe/foot?
- Question C16: Did [your child] ever put his/her mouth on the floor and lick the
floor?
- Question C21: Is your child currently teething?
- Question C22: How often did [your child] put toys in his/her mouth?
- Question C23: Did [your child] put any things other than toys or food in his/her
mouth?
G-2
-------
2. Based on the responses to these questions, each participating child was placed into Group
A, B, or C with regard to soil ingestion if any of the following was satisfied:
Group A: - Response to either C12 or C21 was "yes"
- Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was
"frequently," and at least one "yes" response was given among questions
C13a, C13b, C16, and C23
- Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was
"sometimes," and at least three "yes" responses were given among
questions C13a, C13b, C16, and C23
Group B: - Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was
"sometimes," and either one or two "yes" responses were given among
questions C13a, C13b, C16, and C23
- Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was
"frequently," and no "yes" responses were given among questions C13a,
C13b, C16, andC23
- Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was not
"frequently" or "sometimes," and at least three "yes" responses were
given among questions C13a, C13b, C16, and C23
Group C: - Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was not
"frequently" or "sometimes," and no more than two "yes" responses were
given among questions C13a, C13b, C16, and C23
- Responses to C12 and C21 were both "no," response to C22 was
"sometimes," and no "yes" responses were given among questions C13a,
C13b, C16, andC23
Once a participating child was placed into either Groups A, B, and C for soil ingestion and for
dust ingestion, then for both dust and soil, the daily ingestion rates were assigned as follows:
• Children in Group A: Daily ingestion rate =100 mg/day
• Children in Group B: Daily ingestion rate = 50 mg/day
• Children in Group C: Daily ingestion rate = 25 mg/day
G-3
-------
-------
Appendix H
Percentages of NC and OH Multimedia Samples
with Pollutant Levels At or Above the MQL
H-l
-------
H-2
-------
Table H-l Percentages of NC Samples With Pollutant and Metabolite Levels At or
Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples"
Pollutant/Metabolite b
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples
INDOORS
Indoor
Air
Dust
OUTDOORS
Outdoor
Air
Soil
PERSONAL
Dermal
Wipe
Solid
Food
Liquid
Food || Urine
OP Pesticides and Metabolite
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
3,5,6-TCP
100
98
95
99
81
97
62
31
59
14
14
53
77
35
87
53
8.6
96
8.1
0.68
13
-c
-
84
OC Pesticides
Aldrin
alpha-Chlordane
gamma-Chlordane
p,p '-DDE
p,p '-DDT
Dieldrin
Endrin
Heptachlor
Lindane
Pentachloronitrobenzene
41
91
95
18
28
40
34
93
14
12
15
82
91
34
38
45
18
42
13
2.8
6.4
27
39
0.0
11
12
41
60
11
2.9
0.0
21
23
9.2
18
13
4.2
3.5
3.5
0.0
3.1
33
46
3.1
6.7
4.9
2.2
19
2.2
0.45
2.0
3.9
7.2
52
3.3
2.0
0.65
12
7.2
0.65
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.1
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.68
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Pyrethroid Pesticides
Cyfluthrin
c«-Permethrin
/r
-------
Table H-l Percentages of NC Samples With Pollutant and Metabolite Levels At or
Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples (cont.)
Pollutant/Metabolite b
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples
INDOORS
Indoor
Air
Dust
OUTDOORS
Outdoor
Air
Soil
PERSONAL
Dermal
Wipe
Solid
Food
Liquid
Food || Urine
Phthalates
Benzylbutylphthalate || 24
Di-n-butylphthalate | 99
100 I! 5.7
100 1 28
27 I! 43
21 | 78
2.4
23
3.6 I!
23 1
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Nonylphenol
Pentachlorophenol
48
6.1
96
12
0.0
88
13
1.4
91
2.2
0.96
22
91
0.45
22
71
0.0
3.2
30
1.3
0.37
-
-
46
PCBs
PCB44
PCB52
PCB70
PCB77
PCB95
PCB 101
PCB 105
PCB 110
PCB 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 180
46
91
35
0.0
52
36
4.7
35
18
9.5
17
2.0
15
30
13
0.0
18
24
4.3
30
21
12
21
9.2
16
49
5.7
0.0
14
11
0.0
7.9
4.3
1.4
1.4
0.0
1.4
2.1
1.4
0.0
1.4
2.1
2.1
2.8
2.1
7.0
7.0
4.9
0.45
3.1
0.89
0.0
2.2
3.6
0.45
5.8
2.2
0.45
1.3
0.89
0.0
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.66
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
PAH Metabolites Measured in Urine Only
l-hydroxybenz[a]anthracene ||
3-hydroxychrysene ||
»--
-
«--
-
-
-
»5.2
1.1
a The percentages were calculated using results from individual samples. Multiple samples for the same person or room were considered as
individual samples. The MQL is assumed to equal two times the MDL except as specified in Section 9.2. Cells corresponding to pollutants
having at least 50% of samples above the MQL in the specified matrix are shaded in gray.
b In addition to the pollutants represented in this table, atrazine was measured in drinking water samples. Twenty-two percent of NC drinking
water samples had atrazine levels at or above the MQL.
0 A dash indicates that the pollutant was not measured in the specified matrix.
H-4
-------
Table H-2 Percentages of OH Samples With Pollutant and Metabolite Levels At or
Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples"
Pollutant/Metabolite b
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples
INDOORS
Indoor
Air
Dust
OUTDOORS
Outdoor
Air
Soil
PERSONAL
Dermal
Wipe
Solid
Food
Liquid
Food || Urine
OP Pesticides and Metabolites
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
IMP
3,5,6-TCP
99
97
94
96
97
90
77
99
59
47
72
62
34
24
27
64
56
26
9.8
71
57
9.1
72
97
5.8
0.0
13
18
c
-
d
80
OC Pesticides
Aldrin
alpha-Chlordane
gamma-Chlordane
p,p '-DDE
p,p '-DDT
Dieldrin
Endrin
Heptachlor
Lindane
Pentachloronitrobenzene
2.7
71
83
22
18
11
11
34
4.1
11
3.5
66
69
43
38
21
7.0
5.6
11
0.70
1.4
27
31
0.0
0.0
5.6
19
17
3.5
2.8
2.1
38
31
30
27
17
2.8
2.1
0.0
0.0
0.45
17
17
0.45
3.1
0.45
2.7
1.8
1.3
0.45
0.65
0.65
0.0
55
4.5
8.4
1.3
6.5
3.2
1.9
0.65
0.0
0.0
3.9
1.9
0.0
0.0
1.3
1.3
0.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Pyrethroid Pesticides and Metabolite
Cyfluthrin
cw-Permethrin
/r
-------
Table H-2 Percentages of OH Samples With Pollutant and Metabolite Levels At or
Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples (cont.)
Pollutant/Metabolite b
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Multimedia and Urine Samples
INDOORS
Indoor
Air
Dust
OUTDOORS
Outdoor
Air
Soil
PERSONAL
Dermal
Wipe
Solid
Food
Liquid
Food || Urine
Phthalates
Benzylbutylphthalate || 16
Di-n-butylphthalate | 96
100 I! 4.2
100 1 33
36 I! 28
47 1 30
48
21
4.1 I! -
3.3 1 -
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Nonylphenol
Pentachlorophenol
24
0.0
87
9.4
3.6
89
6.7
0.0
55
0.71
1.2
47
98
0.44
27
81
0.0
5.3
31
0.0
0.72
-
-
79
PCBs
PCB44
PCB52
PCB70
PCB77
PCB95
PCB 101
PCB 105
PCB 110
PCB 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 180
31
88
35
0.0
63
55
5.4
44
22
9.5
17
2.7
18
38
17
0.0
26
32
13
40
30
20
30
9.1
15
66
14
0.0
35
25
2.1
20
8.5
2.8
1.4
0.0
14
15
14
0.70
18
20
15
25
20
25
25
13
0.45
2.7
1.8
0.0
1.8
3.6
0.89
4.5
2.2
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.0
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.65
0.0
0.65
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
PAH Metabolites Measured in Urine Only
1 -hy droxy benz[a]anthracene
3 -hy droxy benz [a] anthracene
3-hy droxy benzo[a]pyrene
3-hy droxy chrysene
6-hy droxy chrysene
6-hydroxy indeno[l,2,3-«/]pyrene
1 -hy droxypyrene
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.3
0.68
0.0
0.45
0.0
0.0
40
a The percentages were calculated using results from individual samples. Multiple samples for the same person or room were considered as
individual samples. The MQL is assumed to equal two times the MDL except as specified in Section 9.2. Cells corresponding to pollutants
having at least 50% of samples above the MQL in the specified matrix are shaded in gray.
b In addition to the pollutants represented in this table, atrazine was measured in drinking water samples. Fifty-seven percent of OH drinking
water samples had atrazine levels at or above the MQL.
0 A dash indicates that the pollutant was not measured in the specified matrix.
d Low recovery (<10%) of IMP was observed in matrix spikes, and therefore, IMP was not quantifiable in urine samples.
H-6
-------
Table H-3 Percentages of NC and OH Samples With With Pollutant and Metabolite
Levels At or Above the MQL in Surface Samplesa
Pollutant/Metabolite
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Samples Collected From
Homes After Recent Pesticide Applications
North Carolina
Hard Floor
Surface Wipe
Food Prep.
Surface Wipe
Trans.
Residue (PUF)
Ohio
Hard Floor
Surface Wipe
Food Prep.
Surface Wipe
Trans.
Residue (PUF)
OP Pesticides and Metabolites
Chlorpyrifos
Diazinon
IMP
3,5,6-TCP
88
44
__b
100
83
56
-
-
94
61
-
-
54
19
25
33
38
23
0.0
0.0
62
46
0.0
33
OC Pesticides
Aldrin
alpha-Chlordane
gararaa-Chlordane
p,p '-DDE
p,p '-DDT
Dieldrin
Endrin
Heptachlor
Lindane
Pentachloronitrobenzene
9.4
44
44
9.4
19
25
13
34
6.3
0.0
5.6
44
50
5.6
17
17
28
33
0.0
0.0
11
28
44
17
28
22
11
28
28
0.0
3.8
15
15
7.7
19
3.8
0.0
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
15
15
0.0
7.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23
7.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
Pyrethroid Pesticides
Cyfluthrin
c«-Permethrin
/r
-------
Table H-3 Percentages of NC and OH Samples With With Pollutant and Metabolite
Levels At or Above the MQL in Surface Samplesa (cont.)
Pollutant/Metabolite
Percentage of Results At or Above the MQL in Samples Collected From
Homes After Recent Pesticide Applications
North Carolina
Hard Floor
Surface Wipe
Food Prep.
Surface Wipe
Trans.
Residue (PUF)
Ohio
Hard Floor
Surface Wipe
Food Prep.
Surface Wipe
Trans.
Residue (PUF)
Phthalates
Benzylbutylphthalate || 97
Di-n-butylphthalate | 100
44
72
100 I! 58
100 | 62
31
77
100
100
Phenols
Bisphenol-A
Nonylphenol
Pentachlorophenol
66
0.0
36
83
0.0
-
94
6.3
-
96
0.0
8.3
85
0.0
0.0
71
8.3
33
PCBs
PCB44
PCB52
PCB70
PCB77
PCB95
PCB 101
PCB 105
PCB 110
PCB 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 180
3.1
13
6.3
0.0
9.4
6.3
0.0
9.4
9.4
3.1
3.1
0.0
11
17
11
0.0
11
11
0.0
11
5.6
0.0
5.6
0.0
11
6.3
11
0.0
13
20
22
10
33
0.0
11
5.6
0.0
0.0
3.8
0.0
0.0
3.8
0.0
3.8
3.8
0.0
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15
42
23
0.0
31
31
7.7
23
23
0.0
23
0.0
a The percentages were calculated using results from individual samples. Multiple samples for the same person or room were considered as
individual samples. The MQL is assumed to equal two times the MDL except as specified in Section 9.2. Cells corresponding to pollutants
having at least 50% of samples above the MQL in the specified matrix are shaded in gray.
b A dash indicates that the pollutant was not measured in the specified matrix.
H-8
-------
Appendix I
Descriptive Statistics of CTEPP Pollutant/Metabolite Measurements
in NC Multimedia Samples
l-l
-------
1-2
-------
This appendix contains tables of descriptive statistics of NC multimedia data for the following pollutants
and metabolites:
Pollutant/Metabolite
Aldrin
Atrazine
Benz[a]anthracene
Benzo[£>]fluoranthene
Benzo[/(]fluoranthene
Benzo[g/?/]perylene
Benzo[a]pyrene
Benzo[e]pyrene
Benzylbutylphthalate
Bisphenol-A
a/p/?a-Chlordane
gamma-Chlordane
Chlorpyrifos
Chrysene
Cyfluthrin
Diazinon
Dibenzo[a,/?]anthracene
Di-n-butylphthalate
Dicamba
p,p'-DDE
p,p'-DDT
2,4-D
Dieldrin
Table Numbers
Tables l-1a,
Tables l-2a,
Tables l-3a,
Tables l-4a,
Tables l-5a,
Tables l-6a,
Tables l-7a,
Tables l-8a,
Tables l-9a,
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
-10a,
-11 a,
-12a,
-13a,
-14a,
-15a,
-16a,
-17a,
-18a,
-19a,
-20a,
-21 a,
-22a,
-23a,
-1b
-2b
-3b
-4b
-5b
-6b
-7b
-8b
-9b
-10b
-11b
-12b
-13b
-14b
-15b
-16b
-17b
-18b
-19b
-20b
-21 b
-22b
-23b
Pollutant/Metabolite
Endrin
Heptachlor
lndeno[1 ,2,3-cd]pyrene
Lindane
Nonylphenol
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
c/s-Permethrin
frans-Permethrin
PCS 44
PCB52
PCS 70
PCB77
PCS 95
PCB101
PCB 105
PCB 110
PCS 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 180
2,4,5-T
3,5,6-TCP
Table Numbers
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
Tables
-24a,
-25a,
-26a,
-27a,
-28a,
-29a,
-30a,
-31a,
-32a,
-33a,
-34a,
-35a,
-36a,
-37a,
-38a,
-39a,
-24b
-25b
-26b
-27b
-28b
-29b
-30b
-31 b
-32b
-33b
-34b
-35b
-36b
-37b
-38b
-39b
Tables l-40a, l-40b
Tables l-41a, 1-41 b
Tables l-42a, l-42b
Tables l-43a, l-43b
Tables l-44a, l-44b
Tables l-45a, l-45b
Tables l-46a, l-46b
For each media type, descriptive statistics are presented separately for the following four groups of
samples:
• Samples collected at the homes of study participants
o Samples collected at the homes of stay-at-home children only
o Samples collected at the homes of day-care children only
• Samples collected at participating day care centers
1-3
-------
Table 1-1 a. Aldrin (309-00-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
38.3
36.4
40.3
55.0
9.4
7.7
11.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.7
13.6
18.2
15.0
15.7
13.6
18.2
15.0
10.7
0.0
16.7
100.0
5.6
0.0
12.5
11.1
20.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
3.3
3.2
5.2
4.5
6.5
2.3
0.0
4.8
4.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
5.37
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
22.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
9.87
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
0.638
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
22.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
2.42
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-4
-------
Table 1-1 b. Aldrin (309-00-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-2a. Atrazine (1912-24-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Drinking
Water
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
N
124
64
60
12
% Detected
37.1
23.4
51.7
41.7
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
0.018
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
0.018
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
0.013
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
0.719
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-6
-------
Table l-2b. Atrazine (1912-24-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Drinking
Water
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
N
124
64
60
12
Minimum
-------
Table l-3a. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
49.2
51.5
46.8
40.0
51.2
58.5
43.5
69.2
72.7
76.9
68.3
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
60.0
83.3
100.0
33.3
30.0
37.5
94.4
100.0
87.5
38.5
40.9
33.3
32.3
40.2
43.9
32.3
32.0
36.4
27.4
25.0
1.6
1.5
1.6
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
0.255
-
-
0.233
0.238
-
0.127
42.0
17.8
67.0
20.4
343
248
453
1,180
652
334
1,020
2,450
429
11.4
661
7.24
-
-
-
213
197
234
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
0.452
-
-
0.600
0.467
-
0.174
186
82.9
250
46.5
886
455
1,200
4,160
2,580
537
3,720
4,840
1,770
9.11
2,200
-
-
-
313
194
435
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
0.135
-
-
0.117
0.132
-
0.079
2.26
1.92
2.66
4.43
135
132
137
237
145
133
160
1,050
25.0
9.04
43.9
7.24
-
-
-
87.8
117
61.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
0.970
-
-
0.917
0.917
-
0.859
2.00
1.72
2.26
1.87
1.14
0.991
1.30
1.27
1.53
1.51
1.55
1.21
1.84
0.684
2.04
-
-
-
1.55
1.19
1.93
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-8
-------
Table l-3b. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-4a. BenzoHblfluoranthene (205-99-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
60.2
57.6
62.9
65.0
67.7
69.2
66.1
69.2
77.3
76.9
77.8
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
50.0
88.9
100.0
33.3
40.0
25.0
66.7
60.0
75.0
28.1
27.3
30.0
48.4
28.9
25.8
35.5
32.8
36.4
29.0
25.0
2.4
0.0
4.8
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.276
0.264
0.288
0.188
0.366
0.416
0.313
0.259
61.2
28.4
95.2
38.9
947
549
1,400
2,330
1,840
854
2,960
6,590
611
21.8
938
34.8
-
-
-
88.9
97.4
78.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.326
0.338
0.316
0.189
0.463
0.508
0.409
0.357
237
106
318
90.1
2,670
922
3,750
7,670
7,360
1,260
10,600
14,400
2,470
23.2
3,060
-
-
-
131
162
87.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.161
0.156
0.168
0.132
0.200
0.226
0.176
0.138
3.73
3.27
4.28
7.03
353
325
387
575
380
328
451
2,550
48.7
12.8
102
34.8
-
-
-
24.8
20.8
30.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.00
0.973
1.04
0.817
1.09
1.12
1.05
1.08
2.13
1.91
2.34
2.10
1.15
0.947
1.35
1.22
1.56
1.56
1.55
1.25
1.92
1.10
1.90
-
-
-
1.81
1.96
1.72
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-10
-------
Table l-4b. BenzoHblfluoranthene (205-99-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-5a. Benzo|7clfluoranthene (207-08-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
43.8
39.4
48.4
40.0
51.2
55.4
46.8
46.2
70.3
73.8
66.7
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.4
40.0
88.9
100.0
27.8
30.0
25.0
66.7
60.0
75.0
27.1
25.8
30.0
48.4
22.7
19.7
29.0
17.2
19.7
14.5
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
0.142
0.170
-
-
25.8
13.8
38.2
14.3
327
208
464
817
673
293
1,110
2,170
229
-
349
8.07
-
-
-
30.5
30.1
30.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
0.162
0.202
-
-
107
64.0
138
31.7
914
363
1,270
2,730
2,880
431
4,160
4,520
931
-
1,150
-
-
-
39.4
47.5
29.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
0.104
0.118
-
-
1.77
1.58
1.99
3.48
123
118
129
192
132
119
150
852
20.2
-
32.5
8.07
-
-
-
13.1
11.1
16.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
0.705
0.766
-
-
1.87
1.66
2.06
1.75
1.14
0.962
1.32
1.25
1.56
1.51
1.61
1.24
1.66
-
1.84
-
-
-
1.38
1.44
1.37
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-12
-------
Table l-5b. Benzo|7clfluoranthene (207-08-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-6a. Benzorqfo/lperylene (191-24-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
62.5
59.1
66.1
65.0
63.8
69.2
58.1
69.2
73.4
73.8
73.0
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.7
70.0
94.4
100.0
16.7
20.0
12.5
66.7
70.0
62.5
44.8
39.4
56.7
61.3
36.1
28.8
51.6
1.6
1.5
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.243
0.259
0.225
0.124
0.274
0.339
0.206
0.182
30.9
16.1
46.1
18.9
481
309
679
1,020
994
453
1,610
3,520
297
13.4
455
12.1
-
-
-
25.2
27.1
22.8
-
-
175
275
-
-
28.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.298
0.354
0.225
0.080
0.355
0.442
0.215
0.253
118
73.0
150
45.3
1,320
462
1,850
3,020
4,080
608
5,910
7,270
1,270
12.7
1,570
-
-
-
36.2
38.2
36.1
-
-
526
830
-
-
22.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.150
0.149
0.151
0.103
0.160
0.187
0.136
0.109
2.32
2.02
2.69
4.06
197
197
199
325
213
198
231
1,440
25.3
10.1
42.2
12.1
-
-
-
12.2
14.1
10.1
-
-
61.0
66.5
-
-
21.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.927
0.969
0.887
0.622
0.987
1.05
0.894
0.934
1.93
1.70
2.15
1.81
1.07
0.879
1.27
1.15
1.54
1.48
1.60
1.21
1.62
0.731
1.76
-
-
-
1.22
1.21
1.29
-
-
1.11
1.23
-
-
0.668
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-14
-------
Table l-6b. Benzorqfo/lperylene (191-24-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-7a. Benzolalpyrene (50-32-8): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
50.8
47.0
54.8
45.0
53.5
56.9
50.0
53.8
74.2
73.8
74.6
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
78.6
60.0
88.9
100.0
16.7
20.0
12.5
61.1
50.0
75.0
25.0
21.2
33.3
41.9
19.6
15.2
29.0
18.0
24.2
11.3
8.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.216
-
0.224
-
0.179
0.218
0.139
0.124
42.8
22.0
64.2
22.6
509
318
727
1,270
979
434
1,600
3,330
407
13.4
626
7.86
-
-
-
60.3
59.0
62.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.263
-
0.264
-
0.259
0.321
0.165
0.161
177
111
225
53.9
1,430
485
2,020
4,200
4,080
596
5,910
6,860
1,720
13.1
2,140
-
-
-
113
136
83.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.132
-
0.138
-
0.115
0.132
0.100
0.081
2.59
2.23
3.02
4.80
197
193
201
318
212
195
234
1,410
24.8
9.82
41.5
7.86
-
-
-
14.0
11.1
18.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.922
-
0.946
-
0.818
0.892
0.711
0.823
1.99
1.76
2.22
1.87
1.12
0.933
1.31
1.22
1.50
1.46
1.55
1.18
1.76
0.780
1.95
-
-
-
1.71
1.72
1.77
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-16
-------
Table l-7b. Benzolalpyrene (50-32-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-8a. Benzorelpyrene (192-97-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
50.0
47.0
53.2
45.0
55.9
60.0
51.6
61.5
75.0
75.4
74.6
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.7
70.0
94.4
100.0
16.7
20.0
12.5
66.7
60.0
75.0
30.2
28.8
33.3
41.9
26.8
19.7
41.9
25.0
33.3
16.1
16.7
3.1
1.5
4.8
4.2
Arithmetic Mean
0.141
-
0.150
-
0.182
0.214
0.148
0.121
32.8
16.7
49.4
19.0
503
310
723
1,190
1,030
461
1,670
3,480
383
15.5
588
14.9
-
-
-
40.7
35.5
47.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.128
-
0.141
-
0.203
0.235
0.158
0.139
131
77.7
168
44.4
1,430
494
2,010
3,830
4,150
658
6,000
7,210
1,700
16.0
2,110
-
-
-
57.8
64.3
52.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.107
-
0.112
-
0.124
0.143
0.107
0.084
2.44
2.06
2.91
4.16
196
190
203
317
211
191
237
1,410
26.9
11.3
43.7
14.9
-
-
-
15.5
12.5
20.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.691
-
0.735
-
0.813
0.855
0.745
0.788
1.93
1.68
2.15
1.82
1.10
0.901
1.29
1.20
1.55
1.50
1.61
1.21
1.68
0.781
1.86
-
-
-
1.47
1.46
1.52
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-18
-------
Table l-8b. Benzorelpyrene (192-97-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-9a. Benzylbutylphthalate (85-68-7): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
127
65
62
12
119
64
55
20
119
64
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
8
5
3
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
107
53
54
18
116
60
56
22
% Detected
34.4
31.8
37.1
35.0
6.3
7.7
4.8
7.7
32.3
21.5
43.5
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.4
100.0
94.4
100.0
55.6
50.0
62.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
60.4
50.0
83.3
48.4
55.7
59.1
48.4
2.8
3.8
1.9
5.6
2.6
3.3
1.8
13.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
101
38,200
35,900
40,800
66,100
105,000
89,100
123,000
575,000
88,100
68,600
99,000
160,000
6,560
5,430
7,970
49,300
42,400
60,800
30,900
29,000
34,900
-
13,300
12,500
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
190
50,600
46,000
55,900
67,000
270,000
243,000
299,000
902,000
106,000
107,000
107,000
7,370
6,510
8,560
51 ,800
44,900
71 ,000
42,000
40,700
45,100
-
28,200
15,100
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
30.2
20,600
19,500
22,000
43,700
20,700
17,200
25,700
194,000
37,100
27,600
43,700
160,000
3,170
2,730
3,830
22,400
20,800
25,200
16,100
14,700
19,700
-
6,490
7,180
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.55
1.09
1.09
1.09
0.980
1.81
1.77
1.85
1.69
1.51
1.40
1.58
1.27
1.24
1.38
1.55
1.49
1.98
1.10
1.12
1.04
-
1.06
1.04
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-20
-------
Table l-9b. Benzylbutylphthalate (85-68-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
127
65
62
12
119
64
55
20
119
64
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
8
5
3
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
107
53
54
18
116
60
56
22
Minimum
-------
Table 1-1 Oa. Bisphenol-A (80-05-7): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
126
64
62
12
119
65
54
19
119
65
54
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
68.0
74.2
61.3
45.0
30.7
33.8
27.4
38.5
3.2
3.1
3.2
0.0
25.2
18.5
33.3
52.6
25.2
18.5
33.3
52.6
82.1
70.0
88.9
0.0
88.9
90.0
87.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.8
92.4
96.7
100.0
92.8
97.0
83.9
89.1
89.4
88.9
83.3
79.5
87.7
71.0
79.2
Arithmetic Mean
4.54
6.13
2.85
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
42.9
-
-
-
302
1,140
193
1,660
-
481
546
399
603
633
565
1 1 ,000
12,800
7,230
24,200
10,300
5,680
20,000
11.1
6.72
15.8
8.53
1.08
1.01
1.15
2.41
Std. Dev.
17.3
23.7
4.17
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
36.5
-
-
-
490
2,040
189
2,400
-
632
739
505
437
458
437
25,100
29,700
8,470
17,700
47,000
4,540
82,900
26.0
7.72
36.0
16.0
2.38
2.10
2.66
3.18
Geometric
Mean
1.87
2.07
1.68
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
30.8
-
-
-
133
337
130
572
-
275
303
244
446
481
406
5,010
5,580
3,940
14,100
3,400
3,890
2,560
4.22
3.74
4.80
3.36
0.389
0.467
0.321
0.757
Log Std. Dev.
1.05
1.13
0.963
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.852
-
-
-
1.31
1.57
0.916
1.63
-
1.04
1.10
1.03
0.856
0.815
0.952
1.34
1.38
1.24
1.32
1.36
1.04
1.87
1.29
1.14
1.44
1.31
1.47
1.25
1.66
1.93
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-22
-------
Table 1-1 Ob. Bisphenol-A (80-05-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
126
64
62
12
119
65
54
19
119
65
54
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table 1-11 a. a/pfra-Chlordane (5103-71-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
98.4
97.0
100.0
100.0
50.4
40.0
61.3
84.6
29.5
19.7
39.7
46.2
95.0
92.4
98.2
100.0
95.0
92.4
98.2
100.0
64.3
60.0
66.7
0.0
55.6
60.0
50.0
44.4
40.0
50.0
51.0
45.5
63.3
64.5
64.9
60.6
74.2
17.1
13.6
20.6
12.5
4.8
4.7
4.8
9.1
Arithmetic Mean
4.21
4.13
4.29
2.71
0.223
-
0.274
8.54
-
-
-
-
97.0
88.2
108
197
201
271
117
1,670
91.0
24.4
128
-
50.5
64.9
32.5
-
-
7.10
127
-
146
89.8
90.7
97.7
75.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
9.15
8.90
9.48
4.79
0.456
-
0.582
29.9
-
-
-
-
260
142
355
312
513
645
264
2,580
352
22.0
439
-
103
130
58.0
-
-
5.37
241
-
251
134
210
239
130
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
1.17
1.08
1.27
0.837
0.117
-
0.132
0.262
-
-
-
-
27.2
32.4
22.1
60.9
28.3
30.7
25.7
270
16.6
15.0
17.5
-
16.2
20.1
12.3
-
-
5.65
61.6
-
72.5
55.8
35.8
34.6
38.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.55
1.65
1.44
1.50
0.899
-
0.966
2.01
-
-
-
-
1.45
1.44
1.46
1.62
2.04
2.23
1.78
2.19
1.41
1.10
1.58
-
1.41
1.50
1.32
-
-
0.705
1.02
-
1.06
0.836
1.15
1.19
1.07
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-24
-------
Table 1-11b. a/pfra-Chlordane (5103-71-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table 1-12a. qa/n/na-Chlordane (5103-74-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
120
65
55
20
120
65
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
61.4
52.3
71.0
84.6
29.5
19.7
39.7
46.2
96.7
95.4
98.2
100.0
96.7
95.4
98.2
100.0
67.9
60.0
72.2
100.0
55.6
60.0
50.0
44.4
40.0
50.0
54.2
47.0
70.0
64.5
67.0
63.6
74.2
18.6
15.2
22.2
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
7.52
7.56
7.48
6.34
0.404
0.284
0.530
9.21
-
-
-
-
133
132
134
304
283
373
176
2,750
104
44.8
137
9.86
102
150
40.7
-
-
10.7
174
-
198
130
122
131
101
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
15.2
15.3
15.2
13.0
1.17
0.583
1.56
31.8
-
-
-
-
285
197
365
445
684
821
460
4,710
340
49.2
423
269
356
77.0
-
-
9.40
312
-
334
180
235
266
152
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
2.02
1.89
2.17
1.49
0.153
0.130
0.182
0.374
-
-
-
-
39.4
47.1
31.8
93.0
40.4
43.4
37.1
412
21.7
20.6
22.4
9.86
19.7
26.5
13.6
-
-
7.28
75.8
-
92.3
73.2
45.0
43.5
48.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.62
1.73
1.50
1.62
1.08
1.00
1.14
2.01
-
-
-
-
1.49
1.48
1.49
1.67
2.07
2.29
1.81
2.21
1.54
1.42
1.65
1.66
1.85
1.41
-
-
0.961
1.16
-
1.15
0.990
1.29
1.34
1.19
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-26
-------
Table 1-12b. qa/n/na-Chlordane (5103-74-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
120
65
55
20
120
65
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
0.090
0.090
0.120
0.210
-------
Table 1-13a. Chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
83.5
78.5
88.7
76.9
18.8
16.9
20.6
7.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
89.3
80.0
94.4
100.0
88.9
80.0
100.0
94.4
90.0
100.0
80.2
80.3
80.0
67.7
84.5
86.4
80.6
65.1
71.2
58.7
54.2
10.3
9.4
11.3
13.6
Arithmetic Mean
19.0
14.9
23.3
8.17
1.06
0.576
1.57
0.402
-
-
-
-
413
307
541
237
1,430
1,310
1,580
2,100
198
301
140
134
265
257
275
142
189
83.7
528
467
663
234
323
290
394
0.567
0.678
0.451
0.231
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
41.9
24.9
54.4
8.87
4.21
1.06
5.92
0.419
-
-
-
-
1,430
527
2,040
256
6,310
5,740
6,990
3,650
455
631
329
395
320
497
230
285
128
1,090
944
1,360
225
509
497
533
1.82
2.46
0.719
0.255
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
6.99
5.91
8.35
3.86
0.311
0.237
0.414
0.228
-
-
-
-
137
131
145
132
143
124
169
530
61.9
75.5
55.4
134
78.5
75.6
82.2
47.6
52.2
42.4
195
174
250
130
128
117
155
0.204
0.211
0.196
0.139
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.37
1.36
1.36
1.34
1.29
1.21
1.32
1.21
-
-
-
-
1.31
1.27
1.37
1.24
1.99
2.08
1.89
1.86
1.45
1.84
1.23
1.76
1.99
1.54
1.50
1.79
1.14
1.36
1.32
1.46
1.23
1.43
1.36
1.58
1.23
1.21
1.25
1.00
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-28
-------
Table 1-13b. Chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
0.310
0.310
0.400
0.580
-------
Table 1-14a. Chrysene (218-01-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
60.9
56.1
66.1
60.0
67.7
70.8
64.5
84.6
75.0
76.9
73.0
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.7
80.0
88.9
100.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
83.3
80.0
87.5
43.8
42.4
46.7
48.4
40.2
42.4
35.5
35.2
42.4
27.4
20.8
3.9
3.1
4.8
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.220
0.247
0.192
0.153
0.245
0.254
0.235
0.163
43.3
20.3
67.0
22.7
545
330
790
1,630
1,040
482
1,690
3,440
358
23.0
544
52.7
10.7
12.4
8.64
88.5
113
58.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.292
0.351
0.211
0.311
0.478
0.427
0.530
0.168
181
98.9
236
50.6
1,630
586
2,290
5,870
4,100
774
5,910
7,490
1,450
16.7
1,800
11.2
14.3
6.04
164
215
65.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.137
0.144
0.130
0.094
0.142
0.155
0.130
0.116
2.64
2.24
3.13
5.08
190
178
205
301
205
179
239
1,330
34.1
17.9
48.9
52.7
8.10
8.68
7.42
25.9
26.1
25.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.882
0.945
0.814
0.693
0.876
0.873
0.878
0.794
2.00
1.72
2.25
1.90
1.18
1.03
1.33
1.31
1.59
1.57
1.61
1.24
1.66
0.800
1.91
0.678
0.792
0.544
1.61
1.78
1.48
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-30
-------
Table 1-14b. Chrysene (218-01-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table 1-15a. Cyfluthrin (68359-37-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
122
63
59
22
% Detected
3.9
0.0
8.1
10.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.6
7.6
15.9
7.7
47.9
54.5
40.0
42.1
47.9
54.5
40.0
42.1
7.1
0.0
11.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
77.8
80.0
75.0
32.3
30.3
36.7
19.4
14.4
18.2
6.5
6.3
4.5
8.1
4.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
281
-
-
-
341
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,100
1,340
795
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
466
-
-
-
709
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,030
1,200
725
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
92.2
-
-
-
87.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
492
616
372
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.55
-
-
-
1.77
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.69
1.75
1.67
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-32
-------
Table 1-15b. Cyfluthrin (68359-37-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
122
63
59
22
Minimum
-------
Table 1-16a. Diazinon (333-41-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
65
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
50.4
46.2
54.8
61.5
17.8
24.2
11.1
0.0
95.9
95.5
96.4
100.0
95.9
95.5
96.4
100.0
67.9
70.0
66.7
100.0
61.1
60.0
62.5
66.7
60.0
75.0
45.8
43.9
50.0
58.1
54.6
48.5
67.7
21.9
21.5
22.2
25.0
0.8
1.6
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
40.3
45.2
35.1
11.1
0.642
-
0.310
0.122
-
-
-
-
282
359
190
439
964
1,630
164
5,710
557
609
528
32.9
625
240
1,110
750
998
441
-
-
353
152
363
-
440
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
217
211
225
24.4
3.88
-
0.947
0.087
-
-
-
-
1,380
1,570
1,110
1,560
6,380
8,610
341
22,500
1,940
1,580
2,150
2,080
629
3,080
2,220
2,930
852
-
-
1,350
316
2,000
-
2,130
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
2.41
2.24
2.59
2.47
0.133
-
0.133
0.095
-
-
-
-
24.4
28.0
20.6
58.6
25.4
26.6
24.1
235
23.2
44.1
16.3
32.9
27.0
27.9
25.9
41.2
34.1
52.3
-
-
69.9
69.5
35.3
-
44.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.81
1.97
1.63
1.78
1.12
-
0.986
0.743
-
-
-
-
1.62
1.75
1.45
1.73
2.17
2.29
2.04
2.38
2.07
2.41
1.83
2.18
2.00
2.53
2.56
2.62
2.62
-
-
1.35
1.08
1.40
-
1.41
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-34
-------
Table l-16b. Diazinon (333-41-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
65
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
0.140
0.160
0.140
0.170
-------
Table 1-17a. Dibenzora.frlanthracene (53-70-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
5.5
4.5
6.5
0.0
3.9
6.2
1.6
0.0
52.7
48.5
57.1
76.9
94.9
93.7
96.4
100.0
94.9
93.7
96.4
100.0
35.7
10.0
50.0
0.0
5.6
10.0
0.0
22.2
20.0
25.0
7.3
7.6
6.7
12.9
10.3
9.1
12.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9.50
-
13.9
5.35
100
74.5
130
268
206
115
310
858
-
-
132
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
35.7
-
45.0
11.2
213
117
284
826
806
162
1,160
1,840
-
-
450
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.09
-
1.31
1.85
44.6
44.0
45.2
78.7
48.1
44.3
52.7
348
-
-
14.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.61
-
1.78
1.38
1.15
1.00
1.31
1.17
1.61
1.60
1.63
1.20
-
-
1.66
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-36
-------
Table 1-17b. Dibenzora.frlanthracene (53-70-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in
NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table 1-18a. Di-n-butylphthalate (84-74-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
119
64
55
20
119
64
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
7
4
3
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
110
55
55
18
117
61
56
22
% Detected
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
36.2
26.2
46.8
69.2
33.6
26.2
41.3
61.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
72.2
70.0
75.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
81.3
72.7
100.0
90.3
84.5
84.8
83.9
31.8
27.3
36.4
33.3
28.2
31.1
25.0
40.9
Arithmetic Mean
276
234
321
576
-
-
-
41.7
-
-
-
78.6
8,960
9,390
8,460
15,200
21,500
19,500
23,800
112,000
7,130
3,950
8,900
18,100
5,590
4,360
7,130
10,700
15,500
4,470
17,400
14,900
23,100
30,300
31,100
25,400
43,400
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
180
146
201
623
-
-
-
60.3
-
-
-
140
8,960
9,700
8,090
8,330
51 ,000
46,200
56,400
130,000
9,680
2,820
1 1 ,600
7,860
4,890
10,700
12,900
16,200
2,110
24,000
21,600
28,100
55,500
61 ,600
64,000
55,200
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
229
195
271
397
-
-
-
19.5
-
-
-
22.5
6,400
6,900
5,860
12,800
6,430
6,090
6,830
56,600
4,420
3,080
5,410
18,100
2,330
2,040
2,760
6,200
8,540
4,050
9,260
7,520
14,700
12,200
8,290
6,520
13,800
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.635
0.639
0.590
0.840
-
-
-
1.20
-
-
-
1.62
0.789
0.726
0.854
0.664
1.48
1.52
1.45
1.41
0.940
0.775
0.982
1.53
1.51
1.64
1.09
1.35
0.574
1.14
1.18
0.920
1.28
1.63
1.49
1.80
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-38
-------
Table 1-18b. Di-n-butylphthalate (84-74-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
119
64
55
20
119
64
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
7
4
3
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
110
55
55
18
117
61
56
22
Minimum
18.7
18.7
75.9
127
-------
Table 1-19a. Dicamba (1918-00-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
127
65
62
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
% Detected
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
7.9
10.8
4.9
7.7
5.5
6.2
4.8
0.0
23.1
27.3
18.2
5.0
23.1
27.3
18.2
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
16.3
18.2
14.3
4.2
13.3
13.6
12.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-40
-------
Table l-19b. Dicamba (1918-00-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
127
65
62
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
Minimum
-------
Table l-20a. p.p'-DDE (72-55-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
33.6
30.3
37.1
15.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.7
14.7
9.1
20.6
15.4
39.7
39.4
40.0
50.0
39.7
39.4
40.0
50.0
17.9
20.0
16.7
0.0
11.1
0.0
25.0
27.8
30.0
25.0
4.2
1.5
10.0
3.2
3.1
1.5
6.5
58.9
65.2
52.4
54.2
21.4
17.2
25.8
18.2
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11.2
-
-
-
71.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.315
0.324
0.305
0.385
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17.6
-
-
-
120
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.410
0.351
0.467
0.571
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.51
-
-
-
20.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.175
0.190
0.160
0.176
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.38
-
-
-
1.72
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.07
1.06
1.08
1.24
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-42
-------
Table l-20b. p.p'-DDE (72-55-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table 1-21 a. p.p'-DDT (50-29-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
36.7
36.4
37.1
20.0
11.8
15.4
8.1
15.4
20.2
12.1
28.6
15.4
38.8
36.4
41.8
30.0
38.8
36.4
41.8
30.0
17.9
10.0
22.2
0.0
16.7
10.0
25.0
27.8
40.0
12.5
8.3
7.6
10.0
3.2
6.2
4.5
9.7
3.9
1.5
6.3
4.2
2.4
3.1
1.6
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-44
-------
Table 1-21 b. p.p'-DDT (50-29-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-22a. 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (94-75-7): Summaries of
concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
120
66
54
20
120
66
54
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
% Detected
46.1
37.9
54.8
60.0
19.0
18.5
19.7
46.2
19.0
16.9
21.3
0.0
65.8
83.3
44.4
75.0
65.8
83.3
44.4
75.0
7.7
7.7
0.0
9.2
7.6
12.5
3.1
7.1
4.5
12.5
55.8
47.0
65.1
37.5
50.8
50.0
51.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
0.0
4.2
3.1
5.4
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
1.06
1.58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
214
280
-
28.3
227
317
-
205
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.629
-
0.632
-
0.678
0.643
0.716
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
1.29
1.99
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
744
933
-
24.6
789
992
-
329
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.727
-
0.678
-
0.808
0.805
0.815
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
0.481
0.574
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
30.4
57.3
-
15.5
31.7
54.3
-
68.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.393
-
0.415
-
0.387
0.379
0.396
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
1.33
1.58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.01
1.74
-
1.37
1.93
1.81
-
1.61
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.932
-
0.900
-
1.02
0.974
1.07
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-46
-------
Table l-22b. 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (94-75-7): Range of Reported
Concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
120
66
54
20
120
66
54
20
13
0
13
1
0
0
0
0
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
Minimum
-------
Table l-23a. Dieldrin (60-57-1): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
41.4
40.9
41.9
30.0
12.6
13.8
11.3
23.1
14.0
10.6
17.5
7.7
43.0
47.0
38.2
57.9
43.0
47.0
38.2
57.9
28.6
20.0
33.3
0.0
16.7
10.0
25.0
22.2
30.0
12.5
4.2
6.1
0.0
3.2
6.2
7.6
3.2
2.3
1.5
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
161
-
-
-
878
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
390
-
-
-
2,420
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20.0
-
-
-
80.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.44
-
-
-
2.60
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-48
-------
Table l-23b. Dieldrin (60-57-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
19
121
66
55
19
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-24a. Endrin (72-20-8): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
33.6
36.4
30.6
35.0
39.4
43.1
35.5
53.8
3.9
4.5
3.2
7.7
19.0
22.7
14.5
15.0
19.0
22.7
14.5
15.0
14.3
20.0
11.1
0.0
27.8
10.0
50.0
11.1
20.0
0.0
3.1
4.5
0.0
3.2
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.304
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.330
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
45.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.159
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.25
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.45
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-50
-------
Table l-24b. Endrin (72-20-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-25a. Heptachlor (76-44-8): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
120
65
55
20
120
65
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
92.2
92.4
91.9
100.0
60.6
56.9
64.5
69.2
3.1
3.0
3.2
23.1
40.8
41.5
40.0
55.0
40.8
41.5
40.0
55.0
39.3
30.0
44.4
0.0
33.3
40.0
25.0
27.8
40.0
12.5
21.9
22.7
20.0
22.6
17.5
18.2
16.1
14.0
19.7
7.9
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
29.3
30.2
28.5
39.4
1.22
1.39
1.04
5.31
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
192
-
-
-
1,680
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
66.5
73.0
59.4
87.0
4.15
5.03
3.00
15.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
322
-
-
-
3,540
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
7.34
6.76
8.02
8.87
0.282
0.261
0.305
0.530
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19.9
-
-
-
88.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.89
1.92
1.86
1.52
1.50
1.57
1.43
2.17
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.61
-
-
-
3.11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-52
-------
Table l-25b. Heptachlor (76-44-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
120
65
55
20
120
65
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-26a. IndenoM ,2.3-cc/lpvrene (193-39-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
% Detected
52.3
50.0
54.8
40.0
56.7
58.5
54.8
69.2
70.3
72.3
68.3
76.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.1
60.0
94.4
100.0
22.2
20.0
25.0
66.7
60.0
75.0
28.1
25.8
33.3
45.2
20.6
15.2
32.3
0.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.200
0.201
0.198
-
0.205
0.248
0.160
0.142
36.4
19.8
53.5
19.7
412
310
528
1,090
855
449
1,320
3,570
323
12.5
495
12.3
-
-
-
38.0
31.0
46.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.233
0.253
0.213
-
0.258
0.318
0.165
0.201
143
102
176
49.1
1,060
471
1,460
3,360
3,910
606
5,690
7,850
1,350
12.1
1,670
-
-
-
51.3
49.8
55.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.127
0.124
0.130
-
0.131
0.151
0.112
0.088
2.14
1.90
2.41
4.02
183
190
175
301
197
192
204
1,330
24.9
9.39
42.8
12.3
-
-
-
13.9
11.1
18.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.883
0.883
0.890
-
0.880
0.941
0.792
0.876
1.99
1.73
2.23
1.81
1.07
0.924
1.22
1.22
1.54
1.53
1.56
1.28
1.68
0.741
1.82
-
-
-
1.49
1.46
1.58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-54
-------
Table l-26b. lndenori.2.3-cc/lpvrene (193-39-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
128
65
63
13
118
63
55
20
118
63
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-27a. Lindane (58-89-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
12.5
10.6
14.5
20.0
11.8
6.2
17.7
7.7
6.2
3.0
9.5
7.7
14.0
13.6
14.5
20.0
14.0
13.6
14.5
20.0
10.7
0.0
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
27.8
30.0
25.0
2.1
1.5
3.3
0.0
5.2
4.5
6.5
7.8
7.6
7.9
4.2
2.4
1.6
3.2
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-56
-------
Table l-27b. Lindane (58-89-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-28a. Nonylphenol (104-40-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
97
50
47
7
53
32
21
14
53
32
21
14
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
16
8
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
127
65
62
24
% Detected
10.9
12.1
9.7
0.0
2.4
3.1
1.6
0.0
2.1
4.0
0.0
0.0
3.8
6.3
0.0
7.1
3.8
6.3
0.0
7.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.3
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
9.7
3.1
3.0
3.2
0.0
4.7
6.2
3.2
4.2
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-58
-------
Table l-28b. Nonylphenol (104-40-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
97
50
47
7
53
32
21
14
53
32
21
14
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
16
8
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
127
65
62
24
Minimum
-------
Table l-29a. Pentachloronitrobenzene (82-68-8): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
% Detected
13.3
9.1
17.7
15.0
2.4
3.1
1.6
7.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
4.5
0.0
5.0
2.5
4.5
0.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
3.2
0.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
1.6
1.6
1.6
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-60
-------
Table l-29b. Pentachloronitrobenzene (82-68-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in
NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-30a. Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
119
64
55
% Detected
96.9
95.5
98.4
100.0
94.4
90.8
98.4
100.0
32.5
24.6
41.0
23.1
91.7
92.4
90.9
100.0
91.7
92.4
90.9
100.0
46.2
46.2
0.0
35.7
34.8
37.5
18.8
30.6
24.2
43.8
6.2
7.6
4.8
12.5
8.6
4.5
12.9
2.4
1.6
3.3
0.0
0.8
1.6
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
3.10
3.05
3.15
5.12
1.54
1.22
1.88
0.960
-
-
-
-
172
169
176
104
452
524
366
1,100
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
4.67
5.35
3.86
13.9
4.66
1.27
6.58
0.607
-
-
-
-
419
237
567
134
1,140
1,200
1,070
2,130
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
1.46
1.24
1.75
1.71
0.798
0.724
0.883
0.815
-
-
-
-
65.5
80.8
51.0
63.3
68.2
76.5
59.4
281
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.26
1.33
1.17
1.17
1.05
1.16
0.920
0.586
-
-
-
-
1.42
1.24
1.58
1.08
2.04
2.08
1.99
1.94
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-62
-------
Table l-30b. Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
119
64
55
Minimum
-------
Table 1-31 a. c/s-Permethrin (61949-76-6): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
123
62
61
22
% Detected
66.4
59.1
74.2
55.0
15.7
7.7
24.2
38.5
22.5
25.8
19.0
7.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.9
90.0
94.4
100.0
83.3
80.0
87.5
83.3
90.0
75.0
86.5
83.3
93.3
93.5
73.2
72.7
74.2
45.7
47.0
44.4
25.0
17.9
14.5
21.3
13.6
Arithmetic Mean
2.13
1.37
2.94
0.506
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6,080
3,880
8,710
3,500
9,750
9,630
9,900
54,400
1,610
1,930
1,440
938
30,500
52,300
3,100
1,640
1,560
1,740
9,210
2,540
23,900
1,660
1 1 ,400
698
34,100
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
5.15
2.54
6.87
0.779
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
29,400
9,780
42,300
6,760
30,200
25,300
35,500
196,000
2,630
2,810
2,590
117,000
158,000
5,080
3,190
2,710
3,910
65,400
6,640
116,000
3,850
104,000
1,540
184,000
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.463
0.361
0.603
0.199
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
995
1,030
959
1,140
1,040
972
1,120
5,070
353
460
305
938
443
486
395
196
292
118
712
526
1,390
665
200
157
333
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.76
1.70
1.81
1.35
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.53
1.52
1.56
1.46
2.18
2.31
2.03
2.12
2.06
2.31
1.97
3.19
3.66
2.72
2.56
2.38
2.84
1.90
1.85
1.86
1.37
2.12
1.87
2.54
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-64
-------
Table 1-31 b. c/s-Permethrin (61949-76-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
24
123
62
61
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-32a. frans-Permethrin (61949-77-7): Summaries of concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
121
62
59
22
% Detected
65.6
57.6
74.2
50.0
15.7
7.7
24.2
38.5
22.5
25.8
19.0
7.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.9
90.0
94.4
100.0
83.3
80.0
87.5
83.3
90.0
75.0
86.5
83.3
93.3
93.5
73.2
72.7
74.2
46.1
47.0
45.2
25.0
16.5
14.5
18.6
13.6
Arithmetic Mean
1.92
1.26
2.62
0.451
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6,120
3,810
8,900
3,600
9,420
9,030
9,890
55,900
1,570
2,020
1,320
732
34,800
60,100
3,300
1,750
1,730
1,760
9,310
2,760
23,700
1,400
12,000
836
35,800
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
5.22
2.49
7.02
0.681
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
30,400
10,000
43,800
7,120
29,900
24,300
35,700
202,000
2,680
3,220
2,400
135,000
181,000
5,590
3,380
3,000
4,030
68,100
7,270
121,000
3,770
110,000
1,990
195,000
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.382
0.304
0.487
0.185
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
835
898
764
1,110
869
851
891
4,900
268
388
218
732
414
485
340
183
279
108
548
454
830
455
162
137
231
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.71
1.67
1.74
1.32
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.64
1.58
1.71
1.45
2.25
2.34
2.17
2.09
2.22
2.40
2.15
3.26
3.74
2.77
2.63
2.51
2.85
1.93
1.93
1.90
1.39
2.13
1.95
2.47
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-66
-------
Table l-32b. frans-Permethrin (61949-77-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
128
66
62
24
121
62
59
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-33a. PCB 44 (41464-39-5): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
46.9
51.5
41.9
55.0
22.0
16.9
27.4
46.2
1.6
3.0
0.0
0.0
15.7
9.1
23.6
45.0
15.7
9.1
23.6
45.0
10.7
10.0
11.1
0.0
22.2
20.0
25.0
11.1
10.0
12.5
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
3.1
1.5
6.5
1.6
1.5
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
0.230
-
0.706
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
0.359
-
1.02
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
0.097
-
0.176
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
1.28
-
1.91
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-68
-------
Table l-33b. PCB 44 (41464-39-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-34a. PCB 52 (35693-99-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
16
9
7
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
89.1
93.9
83.9
100.0
62.2
50.8
74.2
92.3
3.9
4.5
3.2
7.7
32.2
24.2
41.8
60.0
32.2
24.2
41.8
60.0
25.0
10.0
33.3
0.0
22.2
20.0
25.0
6.3
11.1
0.0
9.4
12.1
3.3
6.5
4.1
3.0
6.5
7.0
4.5
9.5
8.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.853
0.624
1.10
1.19
0.105
0.084
0.128
0.177
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16.6
-
-
-
130
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
1.73
0.618
2.39
1.42
0.112
0.090
0.128
0.214
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20.3
-
-
-
171
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.469
0.477
0.459
0.698
0.073
0.059
0.092
0.106
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.35
-
-
-
32.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.14
0.770
1.44
1.01
0.840
0.796
0.827
1.02
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.40
-
-
-
2.13
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-70
-------
Table l-34b. PCB 52 (35693-99-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
16
9
7
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-35a. PCB 70(32698-11-1): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
% Detected
45.3
48.5
41.9
60.0
15.7
12.3
19.4
38.5
1.6
3.0
0.0
0.0
18.2
12.1
25.5
45.0
18.2
12.1
25.5
45.0
14.3
10.0
16.7
0.0
16.7
20.0
12.5
16.7
10.0
25.0
3.1
3.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
0.289
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
0.486
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
0.100
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
1.43
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-72
-------
Table l-35b. PCB 70(32698-11-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-36a. PCB 77(32598-13-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-74
-------
Table l-36b. PCB 77(32598-13-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-37a. PCB 95 (38379-99-6): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
15
10
5
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
75.8
74.2
77.4
70.0
40.9
27.7
54.8
76.9
3.1
3.0
3.2
0.0
35.5
34.8
36.4
50.0
35.5
34.8
36.4
50.0
14.3
10.0
16.7
0.0
22.2
20.0
25.0
13.3
20.0
0.0
9.4
12.1
3.3
3.2
9.3
10.6
6.5
3.1
4.5
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.192
0.144
0.243
0.187
-
-
0.065
0.080
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.88
-
-
-
59.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.580
0.303
0.773
0.240
-
-
0.077
0.085
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.16
-
-
-
96.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.092
0.090
0.094
0.100
-
-
0.048
0.057
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.99
-
-
-
17.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.938
0.809
1.07
1.15
-
-
0.667
0.815
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.05
-
-
-
1.73
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-76
-------
Table l-37b. PCB 95 (38379-99-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
15
10
5
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-38a. PCB 101 (37680-73-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
15
9
6
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
52.3
59.1
45.2
60.0
22.8
16.9
29.0
61.5
3.9
3.0
4.8
0.0
34.7
34.8
34.5
55.0
34.7
34.8
34.5
55.0
7.1
10.0
5.6
0.0
16.7
10.0
25.0
20.0
22.2
16.7
11.5
15.2
3.3
6.5
12.4
15.2
6.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.162
0.136
-
0.175
-
-
-
0.092
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.09
-
-
-
68.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.477
0.327
-
0.236
-
-
-
0.135
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9.34
-
-
-
120
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.070
0.076
-
0.088
-
-
-
0.052
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.29
-
-
-
19.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.02
0.893
-
1.19
-
-
-
1.01
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.18
-
-
-
1.72
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-78
-------
Table l-38b. PCB 101 (37680-73-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
15
9
6
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-39a. PCB 105 (32598-14-4): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
7.0
9.1
4.8
5.0
0.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
2.3
3.0
1.6
0.0
5.8
3.0
9.1
5.0
5.8
3.0
9.1
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
22.2
30.0
12.5
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-80
-------
Table l-39b. PCB 105 (32598-14-4): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-40a. PCB 110 (38380-03-9): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
12
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
10
6
4
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
40.6
47.0
33.9
50.0
16.5
15.4
17.7
46.2
7.0
6.1
7.9
8.3
37.2
36.4
38.2
70.0
37.2
36.4
38.2
70.0
21.4
10.0
27.8
0.0
27.8
20.0
37.5
10.0
16.7
0.0
14.6
21.2
0.0
6.5
11.3
15.2
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
0.128
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.16
-
-
-
67.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
0.155
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.23
-
-
-
131
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
0.075
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.18
-
-
-
22.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
1.03
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.05
-
-
-
1.52
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-82
-------
Table l-40b. PCB 110 (38380-03-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
12
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
10
6
4
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table 1-41 a. PCB 118 (31508-00-6): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
23.4
25.8
21.0
25.0
6.3
3.1
9.7
30.8
4.7
4.5
4.8
15.4
24.0
24.2
23.6
40.0
24.0
24.2
23.6
40.0
10.7
10.0
11.1
0.0
16.7
0.0
37.5
33.3
30.0
37.5
11.5
16.7
0.0
0.0
7.2
9.1
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-84
-------
Table 1-41 b. PCB 118 (31508-00-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-42a. PCB 138 (35065-28-2): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
12.5
13.6
11.3
15.0
1.6
0.0
3.2
15.4
9.3
9.1
9.5
15.4
18.2
18.2
18.2
30.0
18.2
18.2
18.2
30.0
3.6
0.0
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
4.5
0.0
0.0
2.1
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-86
-------
Table l-42b. PCB 138 (35065-28-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-43a. PCB 153 (35065-27-1): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
20.3
19.7
21.0
25.0
1.6
0.0
3.2
15.4
9.3
9.1
9.5
7.7
28.9
30.3
27.3
40.0
28.9
30.3
27.3
40.0
3.6
0.0
5.6
0.0
11.1
10.0
12.5
16.7
20.0
12.5
5.2
7.6
0.0
0.0
3.1
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-8
-------
Table l-43b. PCB 153 (35065-27-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-44a. PCB 180 (35065-29-3): Summaries of concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
% Detected
5.5
4.5
6.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.7
7.8
9.1
6.3
7.7
10.7
10.6
10.9
20.0
10.7
10.6
10.9
20.0
3.6
0.0
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.6
10.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-90
-------
Table l-44b. PCB 180 (35065-29-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in NC multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
28
10
18
1
18
10
8
18
10
8
96
66
30
31
97
66
31
129
66
63
23
126
64
62
22
Minimum
-------
Table l-45a. 2.4.5-T (2.4.5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (93-76-5): Summaries of
concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and day
care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
% Detected
7.0
7.6
6.5
5.0
8.7
10.8
6.6
7.7
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.6
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-92
-------
Table l-45b. 2.4.5-T (2.4.5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (93-76-5): Range of Reported
Concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
126
65
61
13
126
65
61
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
0
13
1
0
0
0
0
98
66
32
32
98
66
32
129
66
63
24
128
66
62
125
64
61
23
120
64
56
Minimum
-------
Table l-46a. 3.5.6-TCP (3.5.6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) (6515-38-4): Summaries of
concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and day
care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
99
66
33
32
98
66
32
128
66
62
24
129
66
63
127
65
62
24
121
64
57
% Detected
99.2
98.5
100.0
95.0
89.0
92.3
85.5
76.9
71.3
63.6
79.4
46.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
87.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
98.5
98.4
100.0
98.4
98.5
98.4
41.7
47.7
35.5
58.3
35.5
35.9
35.1
Arithmetic Mean
5.00
3.63
6.46
2.61
0.466
0.421
0.513
0.211
3.61
4.18
3.02
-
309
282
341
93.9
1,050
609
1,580
836
65.9
65.9
52.5
230
238
213
122
125
124
128
3.05
3.52
2.55
3.78
3.65
3.71
3.59
-
-
-
0.088
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
13.3
7.14
17.6
3.26
0.951
0.667
1.18
0.193
14.9
15.9
13.9
-
791
577
994
100
3,810
1,400
5,410
1,260
63.5
63.5
215
247
130
75.7
127
149
61.8
2.79
3.23
2.14
3.34
3.92
4.02
3.83
-
-
-
0.076
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
1.91
1.57
2.36
1.08
0.251
0.247
0.257
0.143
0.616
0.513
0.746
-
105
110
99.1
51.0
109
104
116
226
48.3
48.3
52.5
181
184
176
99.4
93.3
84.8
114
2.09
2.46
1.77
2.83
2.41
2.45
2.36
-
-
-
0.046
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.30
1.27
1.32
1.47
0.963
0.927
1.01
0.942
1.44
1.56
1.29
-
1.37
1.37
1.38
1.30
2.24
2.23
2.26
1.86
0.771
0.771
0.655
0.659
0.657
0.681
0.724
0.793
0.510
0.972
0.951
0.972
0.843
0.996
0.980
1.02
-
-
-
1.34
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
1-94
-------
Table l-46b. 3.5.6-TCP (3.5.6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) (6515-38-4): Range of Reported
Concentrations in NC multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
128
66
62
20
127
65
62
13
129
66
63
13
121
66
55
20
121
66
55
20
13
13
1
99
66
33
32
98
66
32
128
66
62
24
129
66
63
127
65
62
24
121
64
57
Minimum
-------
-------
Appendix J
Descriptive Statistics of CTEPP Pollutant/Metabolite Measurements
in OH Multimedia Samples
J-l
-------
J-2
-------
This appendix contains tables of descriptive statistics of OH multimedia data for the following pollutants
and metabolites:
Pollutant/Metabolite
Aldrin
Atrazine
Benz[a]anthracene
Benzo[£>]fluoranthene
Benzo[/(]fluoranthene
Benzo[g/?/]perylene
Benzo[a]pyrene
Benzo[e]pyrene
Benzylbutylphthalate
Bisphenol-A
a/p/?a-Chlordane
gamma-Chlordane
Chlorpyrifos
Chrysene
Cyfluthrin
Diazinon
Dibenzo[a,/?]anthracene
Di-n-butylphthalate
Dicamba
p,p'-DDE
p,p'-DDT
2,4-D
Dieldrin
Table Numbers
Tables J-1a, J-1b
Tables J-2a, J-2b
Tables J-3a, J-3b
Tables J-4a, J-4b
Tables J-5a, J-5b
Tables J-6a, J-6b
Tables J-7a, J-7b
Tables J-8a, J-8b
Tables J-9a, J-9b
Tables J-10a, J-1 Ob
Tables J-11 a, J-11b
Tables J-12a, J-12b
Tables J-1 3a, J-1 3b
Tables J-14a, J-14b
Tables J-1 5a, J-15b
Tables J-16a, J-16b
Tables J-1 7a, J-17b
Tables J-1 8a, J-1 8b
Tables J-1 9a, J-1 9b
Tables J-20a, J-20b
Tables J-21 a, J-21b
Tables J-22a, J-22b
Tables J-23a, J-23b
Pollutant/Metabolite
Endrin
Heptachlor
lndeno[1 ,2,3-cd]pyrene
IMP
Lindane
Nonylphenol
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
c/s-Permethrin
frans-Permethrin
PCS 44
PCB52
PCS 70
PCB77
PCS 95
PCB 101
PCB 105
PCB 110
PCB 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 180
2,4,5-T
3,5,6-TCP
Table Numbers
Tables J-24a, J-24b
Tables J-25a, J-25b
Tables J-26a, J-26b
Tables J-27a, J-27b
Tables J-28a, J-28b
Tables J-29a, J-29b
Tables J-30a, J-30b
Tables J-31 a, J-31b
Tables J-32a, J-32b
Tables J-33a, J-33b
Tables J-34a, J-34b
Tables J-35a, J-35b
Tables J-36a, J-36b
Tables J-37a, J-37b
Tables J-38a, J-38b
Tables J-39a, J-39b
Tables J-40a, J-40b
Tables J-41 a, J-41b
Tables J-42a, J-42b
Tables J-43a, J-43b
Tables J-44a, J-44b
Tables J-45a, J-45b
Tables J-46a, J-46b
Tables J-47a, J-47b
For each media type, descriptive statistics are presented separately for the following four groups of
samples:
• Samples collected at the homes of study participants
o Samples collected at the homes of stay-at-home children only
o Samples collected at the homes of day-care children only
• Samples collected at participating day care centers
J-3
-------
Table J-1a. Aldrin (309-00-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
3.2
0.0
7.1
0.0
1.6
1.4
1.7
0.0
2.4
0.0
5.2
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
17.4
0.8
0.0
1.8
17.4
4.8
6.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-4
-------
Table J-1b. Aldrin (309-00-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-2a. Atrazine (1912-24-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Drinking
Water
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
N
125
67
58
16
% Detected
56.8
50.7
63.8
75.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.078
0.080
0.076
0.107
Std. Dev.
0.124
0.146
0.095
0.144
Geometric
Mean
0.029
0.026
0.034
0.048
Log Std. Dev.
1.42
1.47
1.36
1.39
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-6
-------
Table J-2b. Atrazine (1912-24-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Drinking
Water
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
N
125
67
58
16
Minimum
-------
Table J-3a. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
111
60
51
14
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
39.2
34.8
44.6
31.8
25.2
21.7
29.4
28.6
90.5
92.6
87.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
30.8
22.2
50.0
61.5
44.4
100.0
61.5
59.7
65.5
58.6
54.6
50.7
64.3
31.5
33.3
29.3
13.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
156
105
216
51.1
1,620
1,390
1,880
1,810
1,740
1,530
1,970
11,100
37.3
26.1
65.2
18.3
-
-
7.70
12.7
-
12.4
149
162
119
191
30.2
30.8
28.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
369
227
481
76.1
3,780
2,850
4,610
1,490
2,850
3,200
2,410
13,100
34.9
20.9
48.2
18.7
-
-
4.11
16.8
-
2.86
352
411
140
518
34.3
38.9
19.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16.1
13.6
19.6
15.3
575
496
676
1,390
630
443
931
3,700
26.2
20.0
51.1
13.1
-
-
7.01
7.92
-
12.2
65.2
62.6
71.5
62.4
22.5
21.8
24.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.43
2.28
2.59
1.81
1.29
1.34
1.23
0.749
1.49
1.54
1.34
1.90
0.861
0.758
0.779
0.964
-
-
0.485
0.930
-
0.225
1.04
1.07
0.986
1.21
0.671
0.708
0.575
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-8
-------
Table J-3b. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
111
60
51
14
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-4a. BenzoHblfluoranthene (205-99-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
27.2
21.7
33.9
27.3
35.4
27.5
44.8
43.8
90.5
91.2
89.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
46.2
33.3
75.0
92.3
88.9
100.0
83.3
82.1
86.2
82.8
71.1
69.6
75.0
40.9
40.6
41.4
31.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
7.1
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
253
189
329
87.4
3,820
3,170
4,540
4,740
4,240
3,900
4,630
30,500
87.0
63.1
147
90.5
-
-
14.5
46.7
47.3
45.1
419
494
245
464
69.8
77.0
52.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
565
385
718
126
8,820
5,970
1 1 ,200
3,780
7,470
8,860
5,610
35,700
77.6
50.3
105
63.8
-
-
8.17
68.8
82.4
28.5
1,100
1,300
250
1,120
92.3
105
42.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
27.0
24.4
30.4
29.6
1,470
1,330
1,640
3,700
1,610
1,180
2,260
9,830
56.8
43.3
112
73.8
-
-
12.5
23.2
18.3
39.9
156
160
148
135
41.9
43.2
38.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.49
2.36
2.65
1.67
1.23
1.24
1.22
0.722
1.43
1.46
1.32
1.90
1.04
1.00
0.860
0.823
-
-
0.681
1.21
1.36
0.547
1.24
1.31
1.08
1.44
0.970
1.04
0.792
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-10
-------
Table J-4b. BenzoFblfluoranthene (205-99-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-5a. Benzo|7clfluoranthene (207-08-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
20.8
14.5
28.6
22.7
24.4
20.3
29.3
31.3
91.3
91.2
91.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
90.5
86.7
100.0
100.0
38.5
33.3
50.0
84.6
77.8
100.0
77.1
74.6
82.8
58.6
61.9
63.8
57.1
18.1
17.4
19.0
6.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.1
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
95.5
71.3
124
35.0
1,360
1,170
1,570
1,700
1,490
1,400
1,590
10,300
37.6
28.2
61.2
28.5
-
-
7.32
18.3
19.4
15.6
174
184
151
177
36.9
38.6
32.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
207
143
262
46.9
3,070
2,270
3,770
1,300
2,620
3,150
1,890
12,100
32.2
23.4
41.1
27.8
-
-
3.49
28.2
34.1
7.64
384
449
157
342
37.7
41.8
25.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
13.2
11.4
15.7
13.6
521
478
574
1,360
572
426
790
3,620
25.8
20.1
48.4
20.4
-
-
6.78
10.4
8.97
14.3
82.6
78.9
91.9
71.8
26.5
27.0
25.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.21
2.12
2.32
1.60
1.24
1.26
1.23
0.686
1.40
1.44
1.29
1.77
0.934
0.885
0.797
0.993
-
-
0.437
0.988
1.14
0.482
1.04
1.05
1.02
1.23
0.755
0.781
0.697
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-12
-------
Table J-5b. Benzo|7clfluoranthene (207-08-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-6a. Benzorqfo/lperylene (191-24-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
26.4
18.8
35.7
27.3
22.0
20.3
24.1
31.3
89.7
91.2
87.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
90.5
86.7
100.0
100.0
30.8
22.2
50.0
84.6
77.8
100.0
79.2
77.6
82.8
72.4
63.9
66.7
57.1
4.7
2.9
6.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
131
96.4
171
43.9
1,950
1,670
2,260
2,530
2,200
2,000
2,410
16,800
50.5
36.3
86.1
37.6
-
-
8.27
33.0
34.7
29.4
252
263
227
218
40.6
44.2
31.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
297
198
381
64.7
4,310
3,220
5,280
1,800
3,720
4,370
2,860
19,500
42.8
27.8
55.2
40.9
-
-
5.10
49.5
59.9
13.5
529
609
271
422
48.6
55.3
23.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
14.5
13.0
16.5
13.9
780
709
866
2,030
855
632
1,190
5,390
33.9
25.7
67.2
25.5
-
-
7.31
17.0
13.9
26.9
108
101
124
86.8
28.0
29.2
25.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.37
2.26
2.51
1.75
1.22
1.22
1.22
0.700
1.42
1.45
1.32
1.92
0.995
0.936
0.850
1.04
-
-
0.551
1.18
1.36
0.492
1.17
1.19
1.14
1.24
0.781
0.825
0.664
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-14
-------
Table J-6b. Benzorqfo/lperylene (191-24-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-7a. Benzolalpyrene (50-32-8): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
18.4
10.1
28.6
18.2
15.0
17.4
12.1
18.8
89.7
91.2
87.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.7
80.0
100.0
100.0
30.8
22.2
50.0
84.6
77.8
100.0
69.8
67.2
75.9
65.5
57.7
59.4
53.6
18.9
18.8
19.0
10.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
173
121
234
57.8
2,220
1,870
2,590
2,340
2,300
2,030
2,610
14,100
42.1
30.4
71.4
23.3
-
-
7.92
25.9
26.2
25.3
234
263
167
259
38.5
41.1
32.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
411
258
535
88.7
5,260
3,790
6,530
1,840
3,750
4,160
3,240
16,400
39.8
25.5
55.5
21.0
-
-
4.68
36.5
44.3
9.79
622
733
202
610
46.9
52.2
29.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17.3
14.9
20.7
16.3
793
706
902
1,820
870
630
1,240
4,830
27.7
21.1
54.5
17.4
-
-
7.08
14.1
11.1
23.9
88.7
85.9
95.6
83.5
26.3
27.1
24.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.46
2.34
2.61
1.87
1.28
1.30
1.25
0.728
1.45
1.49
1.33
1.85
0.996
0.949
0.822
0.938
-
-
0.522
1.12
1.28
0.393
1.16
1.21
1.07
1.31
0.784
0.816
0.706
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-16
-------
Table J-7b. Benzolalpyrene (50-32-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-8a. Benzorelpyrene (192-97-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
21.6
14.5
30.4
22.7
25.2
23.2
27.6
31.3
89.7
91.2
87.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
38.5
33.3
50.0
92.3
88.9
100.0
82.3
80.6
86.2
82.8
69.1
68.1
71.4
21.3
18.8
24.1
10.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
127
92.5
167
47.1
2,050
1,740
2,380
2,500
2,270
2,080
2,470
16,300
58.4
40.0
104
47.9
-
-
8.44
26.2
26.4
25.7
250
275
192
240
51.0
56.3
38.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
279
190
354
71.7
4,640
3,350
5,750
1,880
3,920
4,640
2,940
19,100
54.3
31.4
74.0
40.0
-
-
5.58
34.9
42.5
7.28
555
652
199
496
54.5
61.1
30.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15.3
13.7
17.5
14.8
801
732
886
1,990
878
653
1,220
5,290
38.1
28.8
76.8
37.4
-
-
7.35
15.7
12.8
25.0
114
112
119
92.4
34.6
36.9
29.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.33
2.19
2.50
1.74
1.21
1.22
1.21
0.703
1.41
1.44
1.31
1.89
1.00
0.900
0.955
0.869
-
-
0.578
1.01
1.16
0.262
1.10
1.14
1.02
1.23
0.852
0.902
0.704
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-18
-------
Table J-8b. Benzorelpyrene (192-97-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-9a. Benzylbutylphthalate (85-68-7): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
127
69
58
16
118
62
56
23
118
62
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
91
47
44
15
97
51
46
25
% Detected
32.8
24.6
42.9
31.8
9.5
10.1
8.8
18.8
37.8
46.4
27.6
31.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.2
66.7
100.0
100.0
53.8
44.4
75.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.4
41.2
58.6
41.4
46.4
46.4
46.4
58.2
48.9
68.2
53.3
7.2
7.8
6.5
4.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
29,400
23,600
35,800
56,300
55,400
33,000
80,100
356,000
113,000
21,200
342,000
438,000
3,090
-
4,550
6,460
5,050
9,630
-
-
22,100
-
-
-
-
36.1
-
38.7
36.6
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
44,500
26,300
58,000
96,500
112,000
57,000
148,000
613,000
265,000
44,700
432,000
399,000
2,420
-
3,350
3,750
2,080
5,020
-
-
21,100
-
-
-
-
59.5
-
56.3
85.6
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16,700
14,600
19,300
35,400
17,500
12,300
25,900
94,000
10,800
5,200
66,000
339,000
2,390
-
3,570
5,660
4,680
8,680
-
-
14,900
-
-
-
-
14.1
-
17.2
11.7
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.06
0.993
1.12
0.802
1.51
1.43
1.52
1.83
2.23
1.59
2.70
0.846
0.730
-
0.845
0.526
0.422
0.528
-
-
0.886
-
-
-
-
1.31
-
1.28
1.33
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-20
-------
Table J-9b. Benzylbutylphthalate (85-68-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
127
69
58
16
118
62
56
23
118
62
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
91
47
44
15
97
51
46
25
Minimum
-------
Table J-10a. Bisphenol-A (80-05-7): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
103
59
44
16
126
68
58
14
116
61
55
23
116
61
55
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
7
5
2
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
111
58
53
25
% Detected
63.2
59.4
67.9
72.7
34.0
30.5
38.6
43.8
2.4
2.9
1.7
0.0
47.4
54.1
40.0
69.6
47.4
54.1
40.0
69.6
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
84.6
88.9
75.0
71.4
60.0
100.0
99.0
98.5
100.0
89.7
99.0
98.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
69.4
70.7
67.9
80.0
Arithmetic Mean
2.19
1.69
2.80
1.29
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
60.0
-
41.2
-
76.9
-
213
2,660
1,190
6,340
450
940
527
1,870
269
166
526
7,810
8,530
6,120
5,070
6,420
6,650
5,870
7.60
5.75
9.80
4.38
0.761
0.648
0.884
0.848
Std. Dev.
3.98
3.76
4.19
1.44
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
84.4
-
26.6
-
217
-
235
5,360
2,730
8,440
186
1,030
418
1,450
275
181
372
10,200
1 1 ,800
4,550
8,780
7,190
7,530
6,370
16.8
6.22
23.9
3.73
1.66
0.759
2.28
1.01
Geometric
Mean
1.25
1.05
1.53
0.992
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
39.9
-
34.8
-
32.2
-
92.6
789
446
3,280
425
411
290
894
145
91.4
455
5,410
5,660
4,870
2,140
4,100
4,120
4,070
3.98
3.76
4.26
3.36
0.279
0.279
0.279
0.425
Log Std. Dev.
0.856
0.710
0.975
0.642
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.792
-
0.573
-
1.04
-
1.54
1.53
1.26
1.24
0.410
1.76
1.66
1.96
1.33
1.26
0.778
0.835
0.890
0.694
1.68
0.981
1.03
0.861
0.961
0.902
1.03
0.728
1.60
1.60
1.61
1.44
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-22
-------
Table J-1 Ob. Bisphenol-A (80-05-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
103
59
44
16
126
68
58
14
116
61
55
23
116
61
55
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
7
5
2
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
111
58
53
25
Minimum
-------
Table J-11a. a/pfra-Chlordane (5103-71-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
92.8
92.8
92.9
95.5
55.9
59.4
51.7
56.3
56.7
59.4
53.4
37.5
84.2
84.1
84.2
95.7
84.2
84.1
84.2
95.7
28.6
20.0
50.0
0.0
15.4
22.2
0.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
30.9
33.8
24.1
3.4
34.0
37.7
25.0
8.0
11.6
3.6
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
1.15
1.44
0.796
0.237
0.233
0.215
0.254
0.098
59.5
24.6
101
-
44.1
61.0
25.4
13.2
86.4
108
62.8
85.5
-
-
8.11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
2.69
3.35
1.50
0.190
0.606
0.277
0.848
0.098
440
83.8
645
-
118
157
42.5
7.49
250
321
133
86.2
-
-
4.36
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.370
0.400
0.336
0.193
0.126
0.135
0.115
0.075
1.57
1.66
1.47
-
13.4
16.0
11.0
11.5
14.6
14.2
15.1
30.7
-
-
7.26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.30
1.39
1.19
0.628
0.873
0.877
0.868
0.676
2.02
1.99
2.08
-
1.36
1.45
1.23
0.514
1.80
1.90
1.69
1.83
-
-
0.501
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-24
-------
Table J-11b. a/pfra-Chlordane (5103-71-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-12a. qa/n/na-Chlordane (5103-74-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
96.0
95.7
96.4
100.0
58.3
62.3
53.4
62.5
52.8
58.0
46.6
37.5
83.3
82.5
84.2
95.7
83.3
82.5
84.2
95.7
28.6
20.0
50.0
0.0
15.4
22.2
0.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
32.0
35.3
24.1
3.4
34.0
37.7
25.0
6.4
10.1
1.8
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
1.84
2.42
1.13
0.320
0.260
0.235
0.290
0.104
62.8
22.2
-
-
50.3
70.4
28.2
15.1
92.6
114
69.0
99.6
-
-
7.75
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
5.72
7.44
2.12
0.233
0.704
0.290
0.997
0.101
504
82.5
-
-
135
179
48.7
8.17
257
324
151
104
-
-
4.30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.505
0.542
0.463
0.263
0.135
0.147
0.122
0.080
1.34
1.39
-
-
14.4
17.2
11.8
13.2
15.8
15.3
16.3
35.2
-
-
6.99
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.36
1.46
1.22
0.623
0.909
0.898
0.920
0.667
1.97
1.90
-
-
1.39
1.50
1.25
0.523
1.83
1.94
1.72
1.86
-
-
0.471
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-26
-------
Table J-12b. qa/n/na-Chlordane (5103-74-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-13a. Chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
112
60
52
14
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
98.4
98.6
98.2
100.0
75.0
85.0
63.5
71.4
39.4
52.2
24.1
37.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.7
80.0
100.0
33.3
61.5
66.7
50.0
84.6
77.8
100.0
57.7
57.4
58.6
62.1
62.9
60.9
67.9
65.6
71.0
58.9
69.0
6.3
7.2
5.3
10.7
Arithmetic Mean
6.42
6.40
6.44
5.20
0.420
0.415
0.425
0.154
-
46.3
-
-
871
415
1,380
272
1,060
283
1,920
1,910
1,940
118
6,510
-
677
126
1,920
2,500
29.0
8,070
1,810
298
5,360
362
452
137
1,230
0.380
0.331
0.441
0.204
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
14.8
14.9
14.9
5.59
0.785
0.847
0.715
0.112
-
352
-
-
5,030
2,160
6,940
285
5,400
759
7,740
3,330
8,410
270
15,700
-
2,110
315
3,810
8,920
47.1
16,100
15,000
620
27,400
1,060
2,890
271
5,340
0.608
0.499
0.720
0.190
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
2.16
2.00
2.38
2.92
0.219
0.238
0.198
0.118
-
1.47
-
-
70.4
64.5
77.6
168
77.2
57.5
107
445
42.9
27.4
132
-
25.4
19.7
44.6
25.8
12.0
143
110
103
129
101
56.1
47.9
82.7
0.193
0.192
0.194
0.145
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.35
1.37
1.33
1.13
1.04
0.917
1.17
0.781
-
1.74
-
-
1.63
1.45
1.81
1.01
1.93
1.63
2.18
1.91
2.17
1.62
3.06
-
2.30
1.77
3.50
2.43
1.34
3.63
1.56
1.36
1.97
1.39
1.55
1.34
1.93
1.10
0.989
1.23
0.817
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-28
-------
Table J-13b. Chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
112
60
52
14
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-14a. Chrysene (218-01-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
110
58
52
15
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
39.2
30.4
50.0
59.1
46.4
43.1
50.0
73.3
92.1
92.6
91.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
46.2
33.3
75.0
84.6
77.8
100.0
79.2
77.6
82.8
82.8
70.1
66.7
78.6
38.6
42.0
34.5
24.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
0.227
0.091
-
-
0.142
0.139
145
102
196
57.1
2,240
1,860
2,660
2,630
2,390
2,240
2,550
16,000
71.6
50.1
125
94.3
-
-
10.8
25.0
25.6
23.5
247
258
222
271
46.1
48.0
41.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
0.426
0.047
-
-
0.115
0.118
316
208
404
86.2
5,400
3,700
6,810
2,060
4,250
5,080
3,120
18,900
62.5
41.8
76.8
67.4
-
-
5.75
34.0
41.5
5.42
467
536
246
579
52.3
59.7
26.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
0.123
0.082
-
-
0.109
0.104
17.9
15.7
20.9
18.7
802
729
892
2,050
879
650
1,230
5,450
47.6
35.3
100
68.1
-
-
9.68
14.0
11.2
23.0
108
102
123
104
31.9
31.1
33.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
0.927
0.458
-
-
0.688
0.773
2.32
2.17
2.50
1.69
1.26
1.27
1.25
0.735
1.44
1.49
1.32
1.85
1.00
0.938
0.800
1.14
-
-
0.562
1.10
1.26
0.253
1.17
1.19
1.14
1.24
0.802
0.856
0.660
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-30
-------
Table J-14b. Chrysene (218-01-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
110
58
52
15
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-15a. Cyfluthrin (68359-37-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
125
67
58
16
127
69
58
16
119
63
56
23
119
63
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
1.6
0.0
3.6
9.1
0.8
0.0
1.7
0.0
17.3
17.4
17.2
25.0
73.9
79.4
67.9
73.9
73.9
79.4
67.9
73.9
9.5
6.7
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.3
14.7
3.4
0.0
4.1
4.3
3.6
3.2
2.9
3.6
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
329
346
310
389
557
477
648
3,710
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
482
498
467
323
1,040
994
1,100
4,990
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
148
161
134
221
160
144
180
587
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.35
1.30
1.42
1.32
1.72
1.57
1.88
2.67
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-32
-------
Table J-15b. Cyfluthrin (68359-37-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
125
67
58
16
127
69
58
16
119
63
56
23
119
63
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-16a. Diazinon (333-41-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
97.6
97.1
98.2
100.0
74.8
81.2
67.2
68.8
33.9
43.5
22.4
18.8
95.8
96.8
94.7
100.0
95.8
96.8
94.7
100.0
38.1
26.7
66.7
0.0
30.8
44.4
0.0
53.8
55.6
50.0
35.1
30.9
44.8
37.9
42.3
40.6
46.4
15.2
8.7
23.2
24.1
1.6
2.9
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
11.8
8.00
16.5
11.6
1.20
2.02
0.226
0.262
-
-
-
-
1,360
2,120
519
260
939
593
1,320
994
-
-
16.4
-
-
-
-
93.4
132
7.52
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
51.4
33.6
67.3
21.0
7.33
9.90
0.193
0.548
-
-
-
-
8,470
1 1 ,400
2,800
472
5,920
2,350
8,250
2,650
-
-
16.0
-
-
-
-
287
344
6.34
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
1.32
1.16
1.57
2.05
0.199
0.238
0.161
0.116
-
-
-
-
34.3
33.2
35.6
73.7
37.6
29.6
48.9
196
-
-
11.7
-
-
-
-
11.3
15.1
5.84
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.62
1.49
1.77
1.89
1.21
1.43
0.829
1.08
-
-
-
-
1.97
2.07
1.86
1.57
2.02
1.96
2.08
1.78
-
-
0.868
-
-
-
-
1.71
1.96
0.803
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-34
-------
Table J-16b. Diazinon (333-41-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-17a. Dibenzora.frlanthracene (53-70-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
0.8
0.0
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
73.8
72.1
75.9
81.3
99.2
98.4
100.0
100.0
99.2
98.4
100.0
100.0
66.7
53.3
100.0
33.3
7.7
11.1
0.0
15.4
11.1
25.0
27.1
22.4
37.9
34.5
5.2
7.2
0.0
1.6
1.4
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
34.0
24.7
45.0
10.9
410
352
474
530
472
423
526
3,570
11.9
8.89
19.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
80.7
50.8
105
16.2
878
663
1,070
356
795
920
632
4,080
8.75
5.48
11.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.43
3.98
5.02
3.57
165
146
187
432
180
131
258
1,150
9.51
7.68
16.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.14
2.03
2.27
1.69
1.24
1.27
1.21
0.678
1.46
1.51
1.33
1.93
0.663
0.533
0.696
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-36
-------
Table J-17b. Dibenzora.frlanthracene (53-70-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in
OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-18a. Di-n-butylphthalate (84-74-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - atdaycare
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
124
67
57
16
119
63
56
23
119
63
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
91
47
44
15
96
51
45
25
% Detected
96.8
98.6
94.6
100.0
48.4
46.4
50.9
56.3
60.5
73.1
45.6
37.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
66.7
60.0
83.3
100.0
84.6
88.9
75.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.2
30.9
62.1
58.6
45.4
36.2
67.9
26.4
25.5
27.3
13.3
3.1
3.9
2.2
4.0
Arithmetic Mean
268
254
285
495
-
-
61.0
51.0
301
436
-
-
7,100
7,450
6,710
15,700
13,100
10,500
16,100
117,000
8,750
8,700
8,880
74,300
5,060
5,260
4,610
9,740
8,900
1 1 ,600
-
-
23,500
18,800
-
-
19,200
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
180
136
222
426
-
-
67.1
80.9
572
703
-
-
5,840
5,610
6,100
10,100
25,700
22,900
28,400
148,000
12,500
14,200
7,680
58,500
2,570
2,320
3,440
4,790
3,390
7,370
-
-
20,400
22,800
-
-
22,400
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
208
208
208
386
-
-
38.1
27.5
72.8
118
-
-
5,470
5,700
5,220
13,700
5,910
5,080
7,000
36,400
4,600
4,200
5,750
44,400
4,280
4,590
3,660
8,910
8,350
10,300
-
-
16,600
13,100
-
-
10,700
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
0.806
0.730
0.898
0.661
-
-
0.925
1.02
1.62
1.70
-
-
0.725
0.761
0.686
0.519
1.19
1.11
1.27
1.89
1.15
1.19
1.13
1.53
0.664
0.622
0.826
0.421
0.376
0.539
-
-
0.860
0.791
-
-
1.11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-38
-------
Table J-18b. Di-n-butylphthalate (84-74-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
124
67
57
16
119
63
56
23
119
63
56
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
91
47
44
15
96
51
45
25
Minimum
-------
Table J-19a. Dicamba (1918-00-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
121
67
54
15
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
% Detected
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
3.3
4.5
1.9
0.0
3.9
4.3
3.4
6.3
47.1
51.6
42.1
52.2
47.1
51.6
42.1
52.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.2
4.5
3.4
3.4
1.0
1.5
0.0
11.8
14.5
8.6
13.8
15.0
13.0
17.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
43.5
-
34.8
-
58.6
-
228
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
99.8
-
70.8
-
140
-
655
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11.1
-
10.8
-
10.0
-
28.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.62
-
1.40
-
1.82
-
2.03
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-40
-------
Table J-19b. Dicamba (1918-00-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
121
67
54
15
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
Minimum
-------
Table J-20a. p.p'-DDE (72-55-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
35.2
36.2
33.9
36.4
3.1
4.3
1.7
0.0
45.7
44.9
46.6
12.5
48.3
49.2
47.4
43.5
48.3
49.2
47.4
43.5
14.3
13.3
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.2
7.4
0.0
0.0
5.2
5.8
3.6
76.8
75.4
78.6
55.2
7.9
11.6
3.5
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.292
0.272
0.316
0.172
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.456
0.463
0.450
0.134
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.183
0.169
0.203
0.127
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.876
0.860
0.892
0.797
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-42
-------
Table J-20b. p.p'-DDE (72-55-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-21a. p.p'-DDT (50-29-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
24.0
29.0
17.9
9.1
2.4
2.9
1.7
0.0
32.3
29.0
36.2
6.3
41.7
46.0
36.8
26.1
41.7
46.0
36.8
26.1
19.0
13.3
33.3
0.0
7.7
0.0
25.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
7.2
8.7
3.6
4.0
4.3
3.6
10.3
2.4
2.9
1.8
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-44
-------
Table J-21b. p.p'-DDT (50-29-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-22a. 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (94-75-7): Summaries of
concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
116
65
51
14
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
% Detected
44.7
49.3
39.3
40.9
32.8
33.8
31.4
28.6
41.7
44.9
37.9
18.8
95.8
98.4
93.0
100.0
95.8
98.4
93.0
100.0
55.6
50.0
66.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
33.3
100.0
0.0
39.6
49.3
17.2
17.2
53.6
63.2
31.0
41.7
43.5
39.7
24.1
45.7
47.8
43.1
4.0
2.9
5.3
7.1
6.6
6.0
7.3
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
579
731
414
391
769
942
580
2,310
58.1
55.4
63.6
-
-
-
-
-
8.86
-
-
-
-
-
100
102
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,080
2,760
835
612
2,220
2,790
1,340
5,820
86.0
102
58.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
166
108
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
137
170
108
171
151
154
149
454
26.5
21.3
40.7
-
-
-
-
-
8.86
-
-
-
-
-
57.3
66.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.65
1.58
1.69
1.27
1.72
1.81
1.64
1.87
1.25
1.28
1.31
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.948
0.909
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-46
-------
Table J-22b. 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (94-75-7): Range of Reported
Concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
116
65
51
14
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
Minimum
-------
Table J-23a. Dieldrin (60-57-1): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
12.0
11.6
12.5
13.6
7.9
5.8
10.3
0.0
18.9
18.8
19.0
6.3
18.3
20.6
15.8
34.8
18.3
20.6
15.8
34.8
4.8
6.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.0
5.8
10.7
10.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-48
-------
Table J-23b. Dieldrin (60-57-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-24a. Endrin (72-20-8): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
11.2
10.1
12.5
18.2
18.9
15.9
22.4
18.8
3.1
2.9
3.4
0.0
2.5
1.6
3.5
30.4
2.5
1.6
3.5
30.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.7
11.1
0.0
4.1
4.4
3.4
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-50
-------
Table J-24b. Endrin (72-20-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-25a. Heptachlor (76-44-8): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
33.6
39.1
26.8
36.4
18.9
26.1
10.3
12.5
2.4
0.0
5.2
0.0
5.8
6.3
5.3
4.3
5.8
6.3
5.3
4.3
4.8
6.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
2.9
3.4
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
9.6
14.5
3.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.1
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-52
-------
Table J-25b. Heptachlor (76-44-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-26a. IndenoM ,2.3-cc/lpvrene (193-39-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
19.2
10.1
30.4
22.7
15.0
11.6
19.0
31.3
89.7
91.2
87.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
93.3
100.0
100.0
30.8
22.2
50.0
69.2
66.7
75.0
75.0
70.1
86.2
65.5
60.8
60.9
60.7
3.9
1.4
6.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
151
112
195
46.1
2,040
1,730
2,370
2,580
2,240
2,070
2,430
17,100
54.4
39.6
91.4
40.7
-
-
8.18
20.9
23.5
15.1
233
255
183
237
39.4
40.6
36.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
357
238
457
67.2
4,660
3,450
5,730
1,930
3,930
4,650
2,980
19,700
48.3
34.3
61.2
44.4
-
-
5.15
27.6
33.0
9.60
568
667
206
501
44.7
48.2
35.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
14.7
13.2
16.7
14.5
765
694
850
2,040
838
620
1,170
5,430
36.1
27.7
70.2
27.6
-
-
7.21
11.2
10.9
11.8
93.9
88.1
109
85.1
26.9
27.0
26.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.43
2.32
2.56
1.76
1.26
1.26
1.26
0.718
1.45
1.48
1.34
1.93
0.981
0.916
0.868
1.04
-
-
0.552
1.14
1.27
0.933
1.16
1.21
1.05
1.29
0.795
0.817
0.753
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
* Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-54
-------
Table J-26b. IndenoM,2.3-cc/lpvrene (193-39-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in
OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
68
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-27a. IMP (2-isopropvl-6-methvl-4-pyrimidinol) (2814-20-2): Summaries of
concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
15
125
67
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
98
69
29
29
97
68
29
40
26
14
10
34
21
13
38
25
13
7
44
20
24
% Detected
96.0
97.1
94.6
90.9
84.9
88.4
80.7
93.3
40.8
44.8
36.2
37.5
87.5
85.7
89.5
87.0
87.5
85.7
89.5
87.0
44.4
33.3
66.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
29.6
30.4
27.6
24.1
21.6
16.2
34.5
87.5
96.2
71.4
70.0
88.2
81.0
100.0
26.3
28.0
23.1
57.1
34.1
40.0
29.2
Arithmetic Mean
1.41
1.00
1.91
2.16
1.24
1.90
0.455
3.49
-
-
-
-
84.0
70.9
98.4
73.0
106
64.5
152
181
-
-
47.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.524
0.615
0.353
0.249
0.703
0.808
0.533
-
-
-
0.084
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
3.55
1.50
5.02
4.03
4.93
6.59
0.551
11.4
-
-
-
-
313
277
350
155
341
213
439
367
-
-
37.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.538
0.600
0.354
0.215
0.890
1.10
0.348
-
-
-
0.072
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.625
0.580
0.685
0.726
0.360
0.457
0.269
0.331
-
-
-
-
16.4
14.3
19.0
18.8
18.0
12.8
26.2
49.9
-
-
28.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.358
0.433
0.251
0.190
0.451
0.461
0.435
-
-
-
0.045
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.07
0.953
1.21
1.46
1.26
1.39
1.03
1.76
-
-
-
-
1.52
1.49
1.56
1.68
1.74
1.62
1.81
1.74
-
-
1.52
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.870
0.838
0.842
0.740
0.947
1.10
0.677
-
-
-
1.41
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do
not enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
Note that IMP data for solid and liquid food samples are to be interpreted with caution due to recoveries being below 50%.
J-56
-------
Table J-27b. IMP (2-isopropvl-6-methvl-4-pyrimidinol) (2814-20-2): Range of Reported
Concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
15
125
67
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
98
69
29
29
97
68
29
40
26
14
10
34
21
13
38
25
13
7
44
20
24
Minimum
-------
Table J-28a. Lindane (58-89-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia samples
collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool children who
stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
4.8
4.3
5.4
0.0
3.1
4.3
1.7
6.3
0.8
1.4
0.0
0.0
10.0
12.7
7.0
17.4
10.0
12.7
7.0
17.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
3.2
2.9
3.6
3.4
0.8
1.4
0.0
3.6
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-58
-------
Table J-28b. Lindane (58-89-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-29a. Nonylphenol (104-40-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
73
40
33
9
18
10
8
10
18
10
8
10
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
12
8
4
98
69
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
0.8
0.0
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
2.5
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.3
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
2.9
3.6
0.8
1.4
0.0
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-60
-------
Table J-29b. Nonylphenol (104-40-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
73
40
33
9
18
10
8
10
18
10
8
10
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
12
8
4
98
69
29
29
97
69
28
127
69
58
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-30a. Pentachloronitrobenzene (82-68-8): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
% Detected
9.6
7.2
12.5
18.2
3.1
1.4
5.2
6.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.4
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
6.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-62
-------
Table J-30b. Pentachloronitrobenzene (82-68-8): Range of Reported Concentrations in
OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
126
69
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-31a. Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
106
56
50
13
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
% Detected
91.9
95.5
87.5
68.2
60.4
71.4
48.0
53.8
51.2
50.7
51.7
37.5
94.1
95.2
93.0
91.3
94.1
95.2
93.0
91.3
44.4
33.3
66.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
33.3
0.0
50.0
50.0
49.3
51.7
20.7
51.5
44.1
69.0
21.3
20.3
22.4
13.8
25.2
21.7
29.3
3.2
4.3
1.8
3.6
5.7
4.5
7.3
Arithmetic Mean
4.92
6.14
3.46
2.80
1.04
1.19
-
0.934
3.39
2.58
4.36
-
112
133
90.2
81.9
242
196
293
597
-
-
47.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
70.3
142
-
110
-
79.3
-
85.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
8.94
11.2
4.77
4.04
1.77
1.71
-
1.48
7.63
4.75
9.99
-
219
292
85.4
145
690
645
739
1,250
-
-
56.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
95.1
205
-
88.8
-
93.7
-
66.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
2.06
2.79
1.43
0.898
0.413
0.552
-
0.299
1.03
0.969
1.10
-
59.9
65.8
54.1
41.5
66.2
59.4
74.5
110
-
-
27.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
20.7
96.5
-
86.3
-
51.8
-
62.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.39
1.23
1.50
1.82
1.37
1.34
-
1.64
1.45
1.36
1.56
-
1.10
1.06
1.13
1.09
1.65
1.56
1.75
2.14
-
-
1.25
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.68
0.757
-
0.667
-
0.860
-
0.836
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-64
-------
Table J-31b. Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
106
56
50
13
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
Minimum
-------
Table J-32a. c/s-Permethrin (61949-76-6): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
125
68
57
28
% Detected
21.6
15.9
28.6
27.3
23.6
23.2
24.1
6.3
6.3
10.1
1.7
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.4
60.0
100.0
66.7
38.5
33.3
50.0
69.2
55.6
100.0
87.6
86.8
89.7
79.3
77.3
73.9
85.7
31.2
23.2
41.1
24.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,320
1,360
3,380
1,460
8,250
3,740
13,200
7,750
2,800
350
8,930
41.4
-
-
1,960
349
156
782
1,390
987
2,330
1,470
582
433
951
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8,050
3,170
11,200
1,300
43,200
14,000
60,800
13,600
1 1 ,300
528
21,100
31.6
-
-
3,890
813
380
1,380
3,000
1,990
4,480
2,890
1,650
1,130
2,510
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
572
515
643
968
627
459
886
2,570
107
63.2
401
25.9
-
-
53.4
40.7
19.4
216
388
331
564
344
133
112
204
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.47
1.25
1.68
0.967
2.01
1.85
2.14
1.60
2.52
2.30
2.79
1.45
-
-
3.48
2.23
2.08
1.73
1.59
1.48
1.78
1.87
1.68
1.64
1.71
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-66
-------
Table J-32b. c/s-Permethrin (61949-76-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
125
68
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-33a. frans-Permethrin (61949-77-7): Summaries of concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
124
67
57
14
118
62
56
22
118
62
56
22
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
125
68
57
28
% Detected
18.4
13.0
25.0
22.7
20.5
17.4
24.1
0.0
6.5
10.4
1.8
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.4
60.0
100.0
66.7
38.5
33.3
50.0
69.2
55.6
100.0
87.6
86.8
89.7
79.3
77.3
73.9
85.7
31.2
23.2
41.1
24.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,340
1,420
3,360
1,260
7,640
3,260
12,500
7,260
2,810
376
8,890
38.8
-
-
1,990
292
76.5
775
1,350
877
2,440
1,490
586
356
1,150
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8,320
4,220
11,200
1,220
42,600
1 1 ,000
60,600
14,000
11,200
565
21,000
31.2
-
-
3,950
790
170
1,400
3,360
1,970
5,270
3,250
1,970
944
3,340
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
453
409
508
784
475
350
665
2,020
106
63.6
385
24.4
-
-
54.6
33.1
15.4
185
321
260
526
302
113
93.3
183
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.60
1.38
1.82
1.02
2.08
1.94
2.18
1.75
2.56
2.34
2.83
1.41
-
-
3.49
2.11
1.81
1.83
1.60
1.46
1.80
1.86
1.65
1.57
1.77
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-68
-------
Table J-33b. frans-Permethrin (61949-77-7): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH
multimedia samples collected from the homes and day care centers of
preschool children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
124
67
57
14
118
62
56
22
118
62
56
22
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
125
69
56
29
125
68
57
28
Minimum
-------
Table J-34a. PCB 44 (41464-39-5): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
31.2
27.5
35.7
31.8
15.9
18.8
12.3
12.5
14.3
11.6
17.5
18.8
27.5
30.2
24.6
8.7
27.5
30.2
24.6
8.7
9.5
0.0
33.3
0.0
7.7
11.1
0.0
15.4
22.2
0.0
10.3
11.8
6.9
3.4
6.2
8.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-70
-------
Table J-34b. PCB 44 (41464-39-5): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-35a. PCB 52 (35693-99-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
125
69
56
15
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
12
8
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
86.4
82.6
91.1
95.5
63.2
63.8
62.5
86.7
20.6
15.9
26.3
18.8
46.7
49.2
43.9
69.6
46.7
49.2
43.9
69.6
38.1
33.3
50.0
33.3
7.7
11.1
0.0
50.0
37.5
75.0
17.7
22.4
6.9
10.3
22.7
26.1
14.3
5.6
4.3
7.0
6.9
Arithmetic Mean
0.662
0.643
0.686
0.575
0.145
0.146
0.145
0.192
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10.5
-
-
-
61.0
-
-
8.08
-
-
-
-
22.1
-
19.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.922
0.831
1.03
0.411
0.131
0.126
0.137
0.265
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10.7
-
-
-
82.1
-
-
3.90
-
-
-
-
23.5
-
19.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.342
0.317
0.375
0.460
0.093
0.095
0.091
0.112
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.18
-
-
-
19.1
-
-
7.34
-
-
-
-
13.0
-
14.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.26
1.35
1.16
0.787
1.00
0.996
1.01
1.02
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.919
-
-
-
1.82
-
-
0.477
-
-
-
-
1.06
-
0.886
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-72
-------
Table J-35b. PCB 52 (35693-99-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
125
69
56
15
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
12
8
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-36a. PCB 70(32698-11-1): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
95
66
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
34.4
39.1
28.6
45.5
14.3
15.9
12.3
12.5
18.3
13.0
24.6
25.0
25.8
30.2
21.1
21.7
25.8
30.2
21.1
21.7
52.4
53.3
50.0
33.3
15.4
11.1
25.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
17.9
21.2
10.3
13.8
11.3
13.0
7.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.26
6.47
9.26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.65
1.72
6.18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.69
6.26
7.89
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.385
0.261
0.597
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-74
-------
Table J-36b. PCB 70(32698-11-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
95
66
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-37a. PCB 77(32598-13-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
69
28
97
68
29
29
126
69
57
29
% Detected
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-76
-------
Table J-37b. PCB 77(32598-13-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
69
28
97
68
29
29
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-38a. PCB 95 (38379-99-6): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
60.0
59.4
60.7
77.3
35.4
34.8
36.2
43.8
23.0
17.4
29.8
25.0
37.5
39.7
35.1
65.2
37.5
39.7
35.1
65.2
4.8
6.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
30.8
33.3
25.0
7.2
8.8
3.4
0.0
10.3
8.7
14.3
0.8
1.4
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.222
0.198
0.251
0.157
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.29
-
-
-
34.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.469
0.347
0.588
0.186
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.49
-
-
-
40.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.094
0.093
0.096
0.097
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.87
-
-
-
12.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.17
1.14
1.23
0.970
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.769
-
-
-
1.65
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-78
-------
Table J-38b. PCB 95 (38379-99-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-39a. PCB 101 (37680-73-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
52.8
47.8
58.9
68.2
23.6
15.9
32.8
37.5
25.4
20.3
31.6
25.0
41.7
44.4
38.6
60.9
41.7
44.4
38.6
60.9
9.5
0.0
33.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
46.2
44.4
50.0
11.3
11.8
10.3
3.4
12.4
13.0
10.7
0.8
1.4
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
0.226
-
0.280
0.165
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.63
-
-
-
41.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9.78
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
0.594
-
0.805
0.225
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.63
-
-
-
53.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.31
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.085
-
0.097
0.089
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.31
-
-
-
14.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.88
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.22
-
1.26
1.10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.910
-
-
-
1.72
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.706
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-80
-------
Table J-39b. PCB 101 (37680-73-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-40a. PCB 105 (32598-14-4): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
4.8
4.3
5.4
9.1
2.4
1.4
3.4
6.3
20.6
15.9
26.3
12.5
13.3
15.9
10.5
17.4
13.3
15.9
10.5
17.4
14.3
13.3
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.7
11.1
0.0
5.2
7.4
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-82
-------
Table J-40b. PCB 105 (32598-14-4): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-41a. PCB 110 (38380-03-9): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
46.4
44.9
48.2
27.3
19.8
21.7
17.5
31.3
31.7
26.1
38.6
25.0
45.0
46.0
43.9
60.9
45.0
46.0
43.9
60.9
42.9
40.0
50.0
33.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
46.2
44.4
50.0
11.5
13.4
6.9
6.9
13.4
14.5
10.7
0.8
1.4
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.93
-
-
-
51.8
-
-
8.83
-
-
-
-
-
-
10.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9.41
-
-
-
76.4
-
-
7.30
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.87
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.92
-
-
-
15.7
-
-
7.25
-
-
-
-
-
-
8.40
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.946
-
-
-
1.77
-
-
0.620
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.638
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-84
-------
Table J-41b. PCB 110 (38380-03-9): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
96
67
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-42a. PCB 118 (31508-00-6): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
24.0
21.7
26.8
18.2
6.3
5.8
7.0
25.0
30.2
26.1
35.1
25.0
40.0
41.3
38.6
47.8
40.0
41.3
38.6
47.8
19.0
20.0
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
10.3
11.8
6.9
6.9
7.2
5.8
10.7
1.6
2.9
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-86
-------
Table J-42b. PCB 118 (31508-00-6): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
126
69
57
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-43a. PCB 138 (35065-28-2): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
8.8
5.8
12.5
13.6
1.6
2.9
0.0
12.5
31.7
29.0
35.1
25.0
28.3
30.2
26.3
26.1
28.3
30.2
26.3
26.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.7
11.1
0.0
2.1
2.9
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
3.6
0.8
1.4
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-8
-------
Table J-43b. PCB 138 (35065-28-2): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-44a. PCB 153 (35065-27-1): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
16.8
15.9
17.9
18.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.5
34.1
29.0
40.4
31.3
40.0
41.3
38.6
47.8
40.0
41.3
38.6
47.8
4.8
0.0
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.1
22.2
25.0
4.1
4.4
3.4
0.0
2.1
1.4
3.6
1.6
1.4
1.8
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-90
-------
Table J-44b. PCB 153 (35065-27-1): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-45a. PCB 180 (35065-29-3): Summaries of concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
% Detected
2.4
0.0
5.4
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
22.2
17.4
28.1
18.8
16.7
20.6
12.3
13.0
16.7
20.6
12.3
13.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
3.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported
when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-92
-------
Table J-45b. PCB 180 (35065-29-3): Range of Reported Concentrations in OH multimedia
samples collected from the homes and day care centers of preschool
children who stay at home or attend day care during the day.a
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
125
69
56
22
127
69
58
16
126
69
57
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
21
15
6
3
13
9
4
13
9
4
97
68
29
29
97
69
28
126
69
57
29
Minimum
-------
Table J-46a. 2.4.5-T (2.4.5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (93-76-5): Summaries of
concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and day
care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
121
67
54
15
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
% Detected
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.9
0.0
3.9
2.9
5.2
0.0
3.4
3.2
3.5
0.0
3.4
3.2
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1.8
Arithmetic Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-94
-------
Table J-46b. 2.4.5-T (2.4.5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (93-76-5): Range of Reported
Concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
123
67
56
22
121
67
54
15
127
69
58
16
119
62
57
23
119
62
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
96
67
29
29
97
68
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
Minimum
-------
Table J-47a. 3.5.6-TCP (3.5.6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) (6515-38-4): Summaries of
concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and day
care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
All children - at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
Day care children - at day care
All children -at home
Home children - at home
Day care children - at home
N
123
69
54
21
118
64
54
15
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
98
69
29
29
94
65
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
% Detected
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
88.1
93.8
81.5
86.7
80.3
78.3
82.8
81.3
99.2
98.4
100.0
100.0
99.2
98.4
100.0
100.0
88.9
83.3
100.0
100.0
66.7
100.0
50.0
33.3
0.0
50.0
96.9
95.7
100.0
89.7
92.6
93.8
89.7
99.2
100.0
98.3
100.0
99.2
100.0
98.3
33.3
34.8
31.6
53.6
35.2
41.8
27.3
Arithmetic Mean
2.05
2.30
1.73
1.50
0.338
0.373
0.295
0.204
3.99
5.02
2.76
1.15
153
127
180
93.8
436
176
723
493
49.5
61.5
25.6
10.6
7.15
8.97
6.23
-
-
13.9
154
167
124
116
53.7
55.8
48.9
2.55
2.90
2.15
2.81
3.74
4.62
2.69
-
-
-
0.188
-
-
-
Std. Dev.
4.97
6.02
3.20
1.25
0.504
0.618
0.322
0.137
15.3
19.2
8.66
1.57
348
271
418
105
2,360
395
3,390
867
105
130
22.7
4.23
2.08
1.92
-
-
15.2
120
134
70.9
73.7
40.1
44.4
28.3
2.60
3.04
1.89
4.97
5.98
6.46
5.22
-
-
-
0.309
-
-
-
Geometric
Mean
0.815
0.791
0.847
1.01
0.226
0.248
0.202
0.161
0.821
0.799
0.847
0.601
51.0
46.5
56.6
62.3
55.9
41.5
77.9
165
16.2
15.0
18.9
10.0
6.93
8.97
6.09
-
-
8.74
121
128
107
95.8
42.5
43.1
40.9
1.70
2.01
1.39
1.66
2.05
2.76
1.44
-
-
-
0.072
-
-
-
Log Std. Dev.
1.14
1.21
1.05
0.976
0.814
0.783
0.844
0.763
1.47
1.58
1.35
1.15
1.31
1.29
1.33
0.890
1.77
1.68
1.83
1.64
1.32
1.54
0.994
0.377
0.315
0.312
-
-
1.46
0.686
0.730
0.558
0.662
0.687
0.709
0.644
0.990
0.898
1.06
0.871
1.08
0.975
1.09
-
-
-
1.52
-
-
-
a Not detected results are replaced by the method detection limit (MDL) divided by 10 for liquid food samples and by the square root of 2 for all
other samples. Multiple or replicate sample results at a given location have been log-transformed, averaged, and exponentiated back to regular
units prior to summarizing the data across locations. This result is labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was
detected. Thus, N specifies the number of locations having data entering into the summaries. Reported measures of 0 ng/mL in liquid food do not
enter into the descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected results is below 50%.
J-96
-------
Table J-47b. 3.5.6-TCP (3.5.6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) (6515-38-4): Range of Reported
Concentrations in OH multimedia samples collected from the homes and
day care centers of preschool children who stay at home or attend day care
during the day.3
Medium
Indoor Air
(ng/m3)
Outdoor Air
(ng/m3)
Soil
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/g)
Indoor Floor
Dust
(ng/m2)
Hard Floor
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Food
Preparation
Surface
Wipes
(ng/m2)
Transferable
Residues
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Children)
(ng/m2)
Dermal
Wipe
(Adults)
(ng/m2)
Solid Food
(Children)
(ng/g)
Solid Food
(Adults)
(ng/g)
Liquid Food
(Children)
(ng/mL)
Liquid Food
(Adults)
(ng/mL)
Group
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
All Children -at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
Day care Children - at day care
All Children - at home
Home Children - at home
Day care Children - at home
N
123
69
54
21
118
64
54
15
127
69
58
16
120
63
57
23
120
63
57
23
9
6
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
98
69
29
29
94
65
29
127
69
58
29
127
69
58
126
69
57
28
122
67
55
Minimum
0.090
0.090
0.110
0.150
-------
-------
Appendix K
Detailed Results of Statistical Analyses to Test for Significant Differences in Multimedia
Pollutant Measurements Between Selected Strata, by State and Media Type
K-l
-------
K-2
-------
Table K-l. Estimated Ratio Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Pollutant Levels
in NC Multimedia Samples, and 95% Confidence Intervals on This Ratio, for
Pollutants Detected in At Least 50% of Samples
Medium
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Benz [a] anthracene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.58*
(1.04,2.40)
1.30
(0.52,3.26)
0.92
(0.54,1.59)
0.78
(0.39,1.55)
2.20
(0.36,13.28)
0.20
(0.03,1.28)
0.95
(0.69,1.31)
2.55**
(1.27,5.13)
0.54**
(0.36,0.83)
1.57
(0.92,2.68)
1.19
(0.27,5.20)
0.54
(0.11,2.56)
1.49
(0.88,2.50)
0.48
(0.15,1.51)
0.52
(0.27,1.01)
0.12**
(0.05,0.27)
1.67
(0.87,3.21)
0.47
(0.11,1.99)
0.49
(0.21,1.12)
0.12**
(0.04,0.33)
1.27
(0.85,1.89)
0.97
(0.40,2.32)
0.89
(0.53,1.50)
0.97
(0.50,1.90)
0.22*
(0.05,0.94)
1.90
(0.42,8.69)
1.32
(0.69,2.54)
0.49
(0.12,2.07)
0.55
(0.24,1.28)
0.12**
(0.04,0.35)
Benzo [6]fluoranthene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.44
(0.92,2.24)
1.48
(0.89,2.47)
1.27
(0.47,3.39)
0.91
(0.53,1.58)
0.77
(0.38,1.56)
1.73
(0.30,10.08)
0.72
(0.06,8.28)
1.95**
(1.39,2.74)
1.15
(0.78,1.70)
2.54*
(1.20,5.37)
0.57**
(0.37,0.86)
1.63
(0.94,2.81)
1.70
(0.40,7.21)
0.62
(0.08,4.83)
1.08
(0.61,1.90)
1.41
(0.75,2.65)
0.50
(0.15,1.72)
0.55
(0.28,1.07)
0.12**
(0.05,0.29)
1.13
(0.56,2.31)
1.62
(0.73,3.57)
0.51
(0.11,2.39)
0.48
(0.21,1.12)
0.12**
(0.04,0.34)
1.11
(0.73,1.69)
1.32
(0.81,2.13)
1.04
(0.41,2.64)
0.78
(0.46,1.33)
0.86
(0.43,1.70)
0.14**
(0.03,0.60)
0.65
(0.09,4.88)
1.02
(0.50,2.09)
1.23
(0.56,2.73)
0.50
(0.11,2.32)
0.62
(0.26,1.44)
0.13**
(0.05,0.40)
Benzo [&]fluoranthene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
1.28
(0.93,1.76)
1.30
(0.55,3.08)
0.87
(0.50,1.49)
0.73
(0.36,1.48)
2.14
(0.42,10.88)
1.15
(0.90,1.46)
2.21*
(1.15,4.26)
0.56**
(0.37,0.86)
1.62
(0.93,2.80)
1.80
(0.47,6.82)
1.42
(0.96,2.12)
0.49
(0.17,1.42)
0.57
(0.29,1.10)
0.13**
(0.05,0.30)
1.63
(0.99,2.69)
0.50
(0.13,1.90)
0.52
(0.23,1.20)
0.12**
(0.04,0.36)
1.32
(0.97,1.79)
1.04
(0.46,2.35)
0.84
(0.50,1.43)
0.92
(0.46,1.83)
0.31
(0.08,1.15)
1.24
(0.75,2.05)
0.48
(0.12,1.85)
0.62
(0.27,1.44)
0.13**
(0.04,0.40)
K-3
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
0.62
(0.10,3.82)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
0.58
(0.12,2.68)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.66
(0.15,2.95)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Benzo [g/i j]perylene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.34
(0.90,2.01)
1.37
(0.88,2.15)
1.19
(0.49,2.89)
0.99
(0.60,1.65)
0.84
(0.42,1.69)
2.16
(0.46,10.20)
0.79
(0.16,4.03)
1.76**
(1.29,2.40)
1.41
(1.00,1.98)
2.49**
(1.27,4.90)
0.57**
(0.38,0.84)
1.64
(0.95,2.82)
1.66
(0.47,5.93)
0.62
(0.16,2.44)
1.39
(0.84,2.30)
1.41
(0.81,2.46)
0.54
(0.18,1.63)
0.55
(0.29,1.02)
0.12**
(0.05,0.29)
1.49
(0.79,2.81)
1.72
(0.86,3.47)
0.54
(0.14,2.16)
0.52
(0.24,1.14)
0.12**
(0.04,0.36)
1.15
(0.78,1.70)
1.50
(0.97,2.30)
1.00
(0.43,2.31)
0.91
(0.55,1.49)
0.99
(0.50,1.96)
0.28*
(0.08,0.97)
1.33
(0.35,5.10)
1.29
(0.68,2.45)
1.15
(0.57,2.33)
0.54
(0.13,2.18)
0.58
(0.26,1.27)
0.12**
(0.04,0.37)
Benzo[a]pyrene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.16
(0.78,1.72)
1.47*
(1.01,2.15)
1.20
(0.48,3.01)
1.07
(0.63,1.82)
0.90
(0.45,1.79)
1.88
(0.33,10.75)
1.27
(0.13,11.96)
1.94**
(1.43,2.62)
1.13
(0.84,1.50)
2.30*
(1.14,4.63)
0.55**
(0.37,0.84)
1.59
(0.93,2.72)
1.20
(0.29,5.02)
0.46
(0.07,3.07)
1.42
(0.86,2.34)
1.39
(0.87,2.21)
0.50
(0.16,1.58)
0.57
(0.30,1.09)
0.13**
(0.06,0.30)
1.48
(0.79,2.76)
1.62
(0.90,2.90)
0.48
(0.11,2.02)
0.54
(0.24,1.21)
0.13**
(0.04,0.36)
1.08
(0.74,1.58)
1.36
(0.95,1.94)
0.92
(0.38,2.19)
0.89
(0.53,1.49)
0.97
(0.50,1.89)
0.25
(0.06,1.03)
0.53
(0.08,3.40)
1.37
(0.73,2.57)
1.19
(0.66,2.15)
0.52
(0.12,2.22)
0.61
(0.27,1.38)
0.13**
(0.04,0.38)
Benzo[e]pyrene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
1.26
(0.87,1.84)
1.15
(0.47,2.79)
0.94
(0.56,1.59)
0.79
(0.39,1.60)
1.21
(0.91,1.60)
2.49**
(1.27,4.88)
0.60*
(0.40,0.90)
1.72
(1.00,2.96)
1.45
(0.91,2.30)
0.55
(0.18,1.66)
0.55
(0.29,1.05)
0.12**
(0.05,0.29)
1.71
(0.96,3.06)
0.53
(0.13,2.13)
0.51
(0.23,1.15)
0.12**
(0.04,0.36)
1.40
(0.98,1.99)
0.93
(0.40,2.16)
0.87
(0.52,1.45)
0.95
(0.48,1.88)
1.22
(0.68,2.20)
0.57
(0.14,2.29)
0.59
(0.26,1.34)
0.13**
(0.04,0.38)
K-4
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
2.11
(0.40,11.03)
1.22
(0.18,8.36)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
1.59
(0.41,6.18)
0.54
(0.11,2.74)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.29
(0.08,1.12)
0.56
(0.11,2.73)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Benzylbutylphthalate
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.82
(0.53,1.27)
0.58
(0.27,1.25)
2.86
(0.59,13.79)
0.76
(0.14,4.08)
8.94
(0.05,1626.9)
1.76**
(1.23,2.50)
4.75**
(2.62,8.64)
1.50
(0.41,5.44)
0.57
(0.14,2.34)
13.44
(0.19,941.47)
0.48**
(0.34,0.67)
0.10**
(0.04,0.25)
0.49**
(0.32,0.77)
0.10**
(0.03,0.32)
1.06
(0.64,1.73)
1.01
(0.48,2.14)
0.72
(0.20,2.56)
0.67
(0.17,2.70)
3.62
(0.07,175.15)
0.47**
(0.29,0.74)
0.10**
(0.03,0.32)
Bisphenol-A
Indoor Air
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
Liquid Food (Children)
1.11
(0.69,1.78)
1.31
(0.28,5.99)
0.68
(0.17,2.75)
0.90
(0.29,2.83)
0.96
(0.53,1.75)
1.03
(0.50,2.09)
1.37
(0.96,1.97)
1.10
(0.31,3.82)
1.08
(0.33,3.52)
0.70
(0.27,1.83)
0.86
(0.54,1.35)
1.04
(0.60,1.79)
1.77
(0.98,3.19)
1.30
(0.65,2.60)
0.53
(0.24,1.14)
2.05
(0.98,4.27)
1.15
(0.48,2.75)
0.63
(0.24,1.68)
1.33
(0.85,2.09)
0.23*
(0.07,0.81)
1.28
(0.40,4.06)
1.14
(0.44,2.92)
0.78
(0.44,1.38)
1.42
(0.71,2.85)
1.53
(0.73,3.22)
1.47
(0.61,3.56)
0.44
(0.16,1.19)
a4>/ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
0.68
(0.34,1.37)
1.25
(0.76,2.03)
0.77
(0.39,1.53)
0.64
(0.25,1.63)
1.40
(0.30,6.45)
1.90
(0.32,11.20)
1.53
(0.90,2.60)
1.36
(0.94,1.98)
0.72
(0.42,1.23)
2.13*
(1.03,4.41)
1.38
(0.39,4.81)
2.55
(0.57,11.32)
1.35
(0.56,3.25)
0.44**
(0.24,0.81)
0.42*
(0.19,0.97)
0.09**
(0.03,0.29)
1.32
(0.44,3.97)
0.42*
(0.20,0.90)
0.49
(0.17,1.38)
0.11**
(0.03,0.46)
0.96
(0.49,1.86)
0.89
(0.56,1.42)
1.33
(0.69,2.58)
1.40
(0.56,3.46)
0.93
(0.27,3.22)
1.78
(0.41,7.68)
1.38
(0.46,4.17)
0.47
(0.22,1.01)
0.37
(0.13,1.06)
0.08**
(0.02,0.34)
K-5
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
g«»i»ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
0.70
(0.34,1.44)
1.21
(0.70,2.10)
0.76
(0.38,1.54)
0.62
(0.24,1.61)
1.59
(0.30,8.27)
2.42
(0.31,18.59)
1.58
(0.90,2.75)
1.60*
(1.05,2.43)
0.73
(0.42,1.26)
2.09
(0.99,4.40)
1.98
(0.51,7.66)
3.29
(0.59,18.31)
1.31
(0.52,3.29)
0.41*
(0.21,0.80)
0.40*
(0.17,0.95)
0.09**
(0.03,0.28)
1.30
(0.41,4.15)
0.38*
(0.16,0.88)
0.47
(0.16,1.37)
0.10**
(0.02,0.44)
1.00
(0.50,2.00)
0.85
(0.50,1.44)
1.34
(0.68,2.66)
1.37
(0.54,3.47)
1.09
(0.29,4.14)
2.16
(0.40,11.63)
1.31
(0.41,4.19)
0.44
(0.19,1.04)
0.35
(0.12,1.04)
0.07**
(0.02,0.33)
Chlorpyrifos
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
0.94
(0.50,1.77)
0.73
(0.41,1.31)
0.76
(0.41,1.42)
0.62
(0.25,1.52)
0.78
(0.16,3.75)
0.85
(0.10,7.47)
1.45
(0.19,10.80)
1.20
(0.69,2.11)
1.36
(0.84,2.21)
0.64*
(0.41,1.00)
0.94
(0.58,1.53)
2.88**
(1.43,5.80)
1.12
(0.31,4.06)
4.28
(0.69,26.65)
1.80
(0.33,9.77)
1.37
(0.89,2.09)
1.78
(0.81,3.92)
1.45
(0.70,3.00)
1.01
(0.46,2.22)
0.27*
(0.09,0.84)
1.39
(0.72,2.69)
1.54
(0.57,4.15)
1.05
(0.42,2.62)
0.93
(0.35,2.50)
0.25
(0.06,1.06)
1.54
(0.67,3.51)
0.75
(0.41,1.38)
0.53*
(0.30,0.92)
0.86
(0.47,1.56)
0.91
(0.38,2.16)
1.39
(0.39,4.95)
1.11
(0.19,6.67)
1.30
(0.25,6.83)
1.21
(0.71,2.08)
2.05
(0.76,5.57)
2.00
(0.80,5.00)
1.09
(0.40,2.96)
0.28
(0.07,1.19)
1.26
(0.55,2.90)
Chrysene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
1.34
(0.91,1.98)
1.49
(0.99,2.22)
1.21
(0.48,3.03)
0.96
(0.54,1.68)
0.81
(0.39,1.65)
1.76**
(1.31,2.37)
1.09
(0.80,1.49)
2.53**
(1.26,5.09)
0.59*
(0.38,0.91)
1.69
(0.97,2.96)
1.28
(0.78,2.12)
1.21
(0.74,2.00)
0.49
(0.16,1.53)
0.55
(0.28,1.10)
0.12**
(0.05,0.30)
1.46
(0.78,2.74)
1.33
(0.71,2.50)
0.48
(0.11,2.00)
0.49
(0.21,1.18)
0.12**
(0.04,0.35)
1.30
(0.90,1.89)
1.21
(0.83,1.78)
0.95
(0.40,2.28)
0.81
(0.47,1.40)
0.88
(0.44,1.77)
1.13
(0.60,2.12)
1.10
(0.59,2.07)
0.50
(0.12,2.12)
0.61
(0.26,1.47)
0.13**
(0.04,0.40)
K-6
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
2.17
(0.40,11.59)
0.99
(0.41,2.41)
0.76
(0.09,6.83)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
1.95
(0.49,7.70)
1.42
(0.67,3.00)
0.71
(0.11,4.51)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.44
(0.11,1.69)
1.22
(0.59,2.55)
0.98
(0.16,6.01)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Cyfluthrin
Transferable Residues
0.87
(0.09,8.35)
1.60
(0.24,10.72)
1.77
(0.28,11.40)
Diazinon
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.95
(0.43,2.11)
1.16
(0.69,1.94)
0.86
(0.40,1.85)
0.70
(0.27,1.81)
0.69
(0.08,6.28)
1.06
(0.06,20.46)
0.79
(0.03,22.00)
3.59**
(1.95,6.61)
0.90
(0.61,1.34)
2.06*
(1.14,3.72)
6.32**
(3.02,13.23)
0.97
(0.16,5.88)
1.98
(0.16,23.83)
0.21
(0.01,3.51)
0.82
(0.30,2.24)
1.41
(0.74,2.69)
0.36*
(0.14,0.96)
0.10**
(0.03,0.33)
0.92
(0.26,3.23)
1.40
(0.62,3.13)
0.45
(0.13,1.53)
0.12**
(0.03,0.57)
1.25
(0.58,2.68)
0.98
(0.60,1.60)
1.55
(0.74,3.23)
1.64
(0.66,4.11)
2.66
(0.45,15.85)
1.17
(0.10,13.41)
0.54
(0.03,8.45)
0.73
(0.21,2.61)
1.43
(0.63,3.21)
0.29
(0.09,1.00)
0.08**
(0.02,0.35)
Dibenzo [a,h] anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
1.39
(0.66,2.90)
0.79
(0.46,1.36)
0.67
(0.32,1.37)
1.69
(0.96,2.96)
0.57**
(0.37,0.87)
1.64
(0.94,2.87)
0.58
(0.23,1.45)
0.52*
(0.27,1.00)
0.12**
(0.05,0.28)
0.53
(0.17,1.69)
0.49
(0.21,1.12)
0.12**
(0.04,0.35)
0.85
(0.42,1.71)
0.91
(0.54,1.53)
0.99
(0.49,2.00)
0.63
(0.20,2.00)
0.54
(0.23,1.25)
0.12**
(0.04,0.36)
Di-n-butylphthalate
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
1.08
(0.80,1.44)
1.17
(0.82,1.66)
0.92
(0.47,1.79)
1.85
(0.72,4.78)
0.52
(0.07,3.79)
1.04
(0.83,1.30)
0.91
(0.69,1.21)
2.56**
(1.52,4.32)
1.14
(0.52,2.48)
1.89
(0.36,9.98)
0.56**
(0.39,0.80)
0.50**
(0.34,0.73)
0.10**
(0.05,0.23)
0.48**
(0.30,0.75)
0.54**
(0.34,0.85)
0.11**
(0.04,0.30)
0.72*
(0.54,0.95)
1.15
(0.80,1.64)
1.11
(0.58,2.14)
0.60
(0.28,1.29)
0.83
(0.16,4.23)
0.66
(0.42,1.04)
0.47**
(0.29,0.75)
0.10**
(0.04,0.27)
K-7
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
5.93
(0.10,352.99)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
2.34
(0.12,45.67)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
3.06
(0.19,50.52)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
/>,/>'-DDE
Solid Food (Children)
1.12
(0.68,1.85)
1.20
(0.82,1.75)
0.94
(0.54,1.64)
1.05
(0.52,2.12)
1.25
(0.77,2.03)
0.84
(0.42,1.71)
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
3.20**
(1.52,6.74)
2.64*
(1.15,6.07)
1.60*
(1.07,2.41)
1.37
(0.82,2.26)
0.22**
(0.13,0.39)
0.65
(0.34,1.23)
1.11
(0.82,1.52)
1.19
(0.81,1.75)
1.79
(0.76,4.25)
0.40
(0.15,1.05)
1.27
(0.87,1.86)
2.85
(0.97,8.41)
0.65
(0.19,2.20)
1.20
(0.74,1.95)
2.53**
(1.24,5.17)
2.67*
(1.20,5.93)
0.89
(0.59,1.35)
1.05
(0.71,1.53)
1.13
(0.37,3.40)
0.24*
(0.07,0.84)
1.35
(0.83,2.18)
Heptachlor
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
0.82
(0.34,1.94)
0.99
(0.47,2.07)
1.38
(0.71,2.68)
1.26
(0.71,2.22)
0.73
(0.24,2.22)
0.54
(0.21,1.34)
0.68
(0.17,2.75)
0.52
(0.17,1.66)
0.87
(0.38,1.99)
0.96
(0.47,1.94)
0.78
(0.19,3.17)
0.55
(0.17,1.75)
Indeno [l,2,3-crf|pyrene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.22
(0.84,1.78)
1.25
(0.84,1.88)
1.20
(0.48,2.98)
1.12
(0.67,1.86)
0.94
(0.47,1.89)
1.90
(0.38,9.58)
1.20
(0.17,8.45)
1.90**
(1.42,2.54)
1.26
(0.92,1.71)
2.61**
(1.31,5.22)
0.59**
(0.40,0.88)
1.69
(0.98,2.92)
1.51
(0.40,5.67)
0.52
(0.10,2.71)
1.41
(0.87,2.27)
1.44
(0.87,2.37)
0.50
(0.16,1.54)
0.54
(0.29,1.01)
0.12**
(0.05,0.29)
1.50
(0.82,2.74)
1.71
(0.91,3.20)
0.51
(0.12,2.11)
0.55
(0.25,1.19)
0.13**
(0.04,0.38)
1.14
(0.79,1.63)
1.41
(0.96,2.07)
1.05
(0.44,2.49)
1.01
(0.62,1.66)
1.11
(0.56,2.19)
0.25*
(0.07,0.91)
0.55
(0.11,2.77)
1.32
(0.72,2.41)
1.21
(0.65,2.28)
0.48
(0.12,2.02)
0.54
(0.25,1.19)
0.12**
(0.04,0.34)
Pentachlorophenol
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
0.75
(0.43,1.33)
0.67
(0.42,1.07)
0.90
(0.47,1.74)
1.77*
(1.14,2.73)
0.69*
(0.48,0.98)
0.86
(0.52,1.44)
0.83
(0.41,1.65)
0.99
(0.55,1.77)
1.07
(0.48,2.37)
0.75
(0.31,1.78)
0.83
(0.40,1.72)
1.35
(0.50,3.65)
0.81
(0.47,1.41)
0.71
(0.45,1.11)
1.59
(0.84,2.99)
0.92
(0.38,2.20)
1.17
(0.56,2.45)
0.85
(0.31,2.34)
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/m2)
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
0.75
(0.29,1.91)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
2.56*
(1.24,5.30)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.24*
(0.07,0.74)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.30
(0.07,1.28)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
1.67
(0.68,4.12)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.18*
(0.04,0.79)
cis-Permethrin
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.00
(0.48,2.09)
1.09
(0.53,2.27)
0.90
(0.33,2.47)
0.38
(0.04,3.44)
0.81
(0.02,42.25)
0.15
(0.01,4.02)
4.17**
(2.37,7.34)
1.07
(0.61,1.89)
3.19**
(1.47,6.95)
1.39
(0.23,8.46)
13.61
(0.49,381.09)
1.27
(0.08,19.64)
2.07
(0.83,5.14)
0.82
(0.33,2.01)
0.18**
(0.05,0.62)
1.95
(0.62,6.11)
0.87
(0.28,2.68)
0.20*
(0.04,0.92)
0.89
(0.44,1.81)
1.14
(0.56,2.30)
1.20
(0.46,3.15)
1.57
(0.26,9.34)
1.72
(0.07,45.10)
2.79
(0.19,40.91)
2.19
(0.69,6.91)
0.76
(0.24,2.40)
0.16*
(0.03,0.79)
frans-Permethrin
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
1.04
(0.51,2.14)
1.04
(0.48,2.26)
0.86
(0.30,2.45)
0.38
(0.04,4.02)
1.17
(0.02,69.94)
0.17
(0.01,5.11)
3.85**
(2.22,6.68)
0.97
(0.53,1.77)
2.89*
(1.28,6.49)
1.41
(0.20,9.75)
13.15
(0.42,412.15)
1.33
(0.08,22.83)
1.88
(0.78,4.52)
0.73
(0.28,1.90)
0.16**
(0.04,0.58)
1.80
(0.60,5.43)
0.80
(0.24,2.66)
0.18*
(0.04,0.91)
0.93
(0.46,1.85)
1.22
(0.58,2.58)
1.28
(0.47,3.52)
1.86
(0.27,12.59)
1.95
(0.07,57.09)
2.93
(0.18,47.31)
1.95
(0.64,5.91)
0.66
(0.19,2.22)
0.14*
(0.03,0.73)
PCB52
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
0.82
(0.49,1.36)
1.11
(0.75,1.64)
0.84
(0.57,1.24)
0.87
(0.65,1.18)
0.74
(0.40,1.37)
0.71
(0.44,1.16)
0.77
(0.36,1.66)
0.56
(0.31,1.04)
1.07
(0.66,1.75)
0.63*
(0.43,0.92)
0.72
(0.33,1.56)
0.90
(0.48,1.65)
PCB95
Indoor Air
0.93
(0.60,1.45)
1.11
(0.79,1.57)
1.00
(0.59,1.69)
1.02
(0.53,1.98)
1.05
(0.68,1.62)
0.97
(0.50,1.89)
PCB 101
Indoor Air
0.79
(0.49,1.27)
1.02
(0.71,1.48)
0.87
(0.49,1.56)
0.98
(0.47,2.03)
1.26
(0.79,2.00)
0.78
(0.37,1.62)
K-9
-------
Table K-l. (cont.)
Medium
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
1.07
(0.58,1.99)
0.85
(0.54,1.33)
0.75
(0.39,1.44)
0.75
(0.40,1.40)
0.62
(0.23,1.66)
0.94
(0.62,1.42)
1.04
(0.64,1.69)
1.03
(0.65,1.66)
0.65*
(0.46,0.92)
1.09
(0.67,1.80)
1.15
(0.71,1.88)
3.40**
(1.58,7.33)
0.48**
(0.35,0.66)
0.72
(0.49,1.04)
1.96
(0.90,4.31)
1.84*
(1.06,3.21)
2.29*
(1.02,5.15)
1.92
(0.91,4.06)
0.42
(0.12,1.40)
0.75
(0.47,1.21)
1.59
(0.60,4.25)
1.72
(0.86,3.45)
1.87
(0.68,5.18)
1.99
(0.78,5.09)
0.44
(0.10,2.02)
0.80
(0.44,1.45)
0.66
(0.36,1.18)
0.87
(0.57,1.33)
0.67
(0.36,1.24)
1.08
(0.58,1.99)
1.13
(0.44,2.95)
1.12
(0.76,1.67)
0.97
(0.67,1.40)
2.42
(0.90,6.51)
1.97
(0.98,3.97)
2.80*
(1.00,7.78)
1.85
(0.71,4.80)
0.39
(0.08,1.82)
0.71
(0.39,1.30)
* Significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
K-10
-------
Table K-2. Estimated Ratio Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Pollutant Levels
in OH Multimedia Samples, and 95% Confidence Intervals on This Ratio, for
Pollutants Detected in At Least 50% of Samples
Medium
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Atrazine
Drinking Water
1.21
(0.56,2.60)
0.88
(0.50,1.53)
0.57
(0.27,1.20)
0.52
(0.21,1.32)
0.83
(0.43,1.63)
0.63
(0.24,1.65)
Benz [a] anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.84
(0.23,3.08)
3 97**
(2.06,7.64)
3.19**
(1.40,7.26)
1.94
(0.77,4.92)
0.58*
(0.36,0.95)
0.94
(0.51,1.74)
1.10
(0.47,2.56)
0.84
(0.11,6.34)
0.98
(0.28,3.44)
0.45*
(0.24,0.86)
0.17**
(0.07,0.37)
2.00
(0.55,7.19)
0.86
(0.18,4.15)
0.36**
(0.16,0.81)
0.11**
(0.04,0.31)
1.33
(0.27,6.53)
0.77
(0.25,2.38)
0.64
(0.36,1.15)
0.47*
(0.23,0.97)
0.44
(0.14,1.40)
0.62
(0.08,4.68)
1.11
(0.22,5.73)
0.56
(0.24,1.31)
0.24**
(0.08,0.69)
3.00
(0.53,16.90)
Benzo[6]fluoranthene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.79
(0.21,2.96)
3.63**
(1.94,6.80)
2 92**
(1.31,6.49)
1.86
(0.72,4.80)
0.57*
(0.36,0.91)
0.92
(0.51,1.68)
1.17
(0.45,3.07)
0.50
(0.04,6.82)
0.84
(0.23,3.00)
0.44**
(0.24,0.81)
0.16**
(0.07,0.35)
0.93
(0.21,4.19)
0.78
(0.16,3.85)
0.37**
(0.17,0.80)
0.11**
(0.04,0.31)
0.66
(0.11,4.08)
0.87
(0.28,2.72)
0.70
(0.40,1.23)
0.51
(0.25,1.05)
0.50
(0.13,1.93)
0.39
(0.03,5.32)
0.90
(0.17,4.75)
0.52
(0.23,1.17)
0.22**
(0.08,0.63)
1.32
(0.18,9.50)
Benzo[&]fluoranthene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.80
(0.25,2.60)
3.35**
(1.77,6.31)
2.70*
(1.24,5.90)
2.17
(0.94,5.03)
0.58*
(0.36,0.93)
0.94
(0.52,1.68)
1.00
(0.38,2.64)
0.62
(0.07,5.50)
0.86
(0.28,2.67)
0.43**
(0.23,0.79)
0.16**
(0.07,0.34)
1.30
(0.30,5.58)
0.77
(0.19,3.17)
0.36**
(0.17,0.79)
0.11**
(0.04,0.30)
0.88
(0.15,5.33)
0.79
(0.29,2.19)
0.73
(0.41,1.28)
0.53
(0.26,1.06)
0.46
(0.12,1.72)
0.57
(0.06,5.13)
0.97
(0.22,4.24)
0.50
(0.22,1.13)
0.22**
(0.08,0.59)
1.93
(0.27,13.64)
Benz o [ghi] pery lene
Soil
0.79
(0.22,2.81)
2.10
(0.85,5.19)
0.94
(0.28,3.18)
0.88
(0.19,4.05)
0.87
(0.29,2.60)
1.01
(0.20,4.95)
K-ll
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
3.28**
(1.76,6.14)
2.64*
(1.18,5.88)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
0.56*
(0.35,0.89)
0.91
(0.50,1.65)
0.96
(0.36,2.55)
0.24
(0.03,2.10)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.43**
(0.23,0.79)
0.16**
(0.07,0.34)
1.21
(0.28,5.32)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.36**
(0.17,0.78)
0.11**
(0.04,0.30)
0.78
(0.12,4.91)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.71
(0.41,1.24)
0.52
(0.25,1.06)
0.42
(0.11,1.57)
0.30
(0.03,2.62)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.50
(0.22,1.13)
0.22**
(0.08,0.61)
1.88
(0.25,13.86)
Benzo [a] py rene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.76
(0.20,2.86)
3.57**
(1.85,6.88)
2.87*
(1.28,6.46)
1.94
(0.76,4.99)
0.55*
(0.34,0.90)
0.89
(0.49,1.63)
1.05
(0.38,2.90)
1.62
(0.15,17.52)
0.98
(0.28,3.51)
0.49*
(0.26,0.93)
0.18**
(0.08,0.39)
1.74
(0.38,7.98)
0.87
(0.18,4.30)
0.40*
(0.18,0.90)
0.13**
(0.05,0.34)
1.10
(0.17,7.25)
0.79
(0.25,2.46)
0.68
(0.38,1.22)
0.50
(0.24,1.02)
0.40
(0.10,1.61)
0.74
(0.07,7.95)
1.11
(0.21,5.85)
0.59
(0.25,1.37)
0.25**
(0.09,0.72)
2.75
(0.36,21.22)
Benzo [e]py rene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.80
(0.23,2.77)
3.40**
(1.83,6.33)
2.73*
(1.24,6.04)
2.00
(0.82,4.87)
0.57*
(0.36,0.90)
0.92
(0.51,1.66)
1.04
(0.39,2.73)
0.85
(0.09,8.29)
0.94
(0.28,3.12)
0.45*
(0.24,0.82)
0.16**
(0.07,0.36)
1.10
(0.26,4.75)
0.87
(0.19,3.91)
0.38**
(0.17,0.81)
0.12**
(0.04,0.31)
0.75
(0.12,4.54)
0.86
(0.29,2.51)
0.72
(0.41,1.25)
0.52
(0.26,1.06)
0.46
(0.12,1.74)
0.55
(0.06,5.32)
1.01
(0.21,4.86)
0.53
(0.24,1.17)
0.23**
(0.08,0.63)
1.62
(0.23,11.51)
Benzylbutylphthalate
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.73
(0.41,1.30)
0.56
(0.25,1.28)
1.50
(0.98,2.30)
2.52**
(1.37,4.63)
3.52
(0.53,23.30)
0.67
(0.16,2.85)
0.90
(0.41,2.00)
0.41**
(0.23,0.71)
0.14**
(0.06,0.32)
0.06
(0.00,1.09)
0.38**
(0.19,0.76)
0.11**
(0.04,0.30)
0.03
(0.00,1.09)
0.86
(0.52,1.43)
0.59
(0.29,1.23)
0.27
(0.02,3.77)
0.37
(0.09,1.57)
0.53
(0.24,1.17)
0.44*
(0.21,0.91)
0.19**
(0.07,0.53)
0.11
(0.00,5.42)
K-12
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Bisphenol-A
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
Liquid Food (Children)
1.03
(0.67,1.58)
1.18
(0.83,1.68)
0.86
(0.48,1.53)
1.15
(0.72,1.86)
1.45
(0.55,3.79)
1.29
(0.95,1.76)
0.89
(0.69,1.17)
1.47
(0.95,2.26)
2.53
(0.71,8.97)
1.53
(0.06,37.26)
10.40
(0.02,4435.5)
1.20
(0.85,1.69)
0.94
(0.49,1.82)
1.26
(0.83,1.91)
0.98
(0.70,1.38)
0.33**
(0.19,0.59)
2.80
(0.41,18.99)
1.09
(0.70,1.67)
0.67
(0.32,1.40)
1.02
(0.61,1.71)
1.13
(0.74,1.74)
0.32**
(0.15,0.65)
1.45
(0.13,15.57)
1.02
(0.59,1.75)
0.65
(0.25,1.68)
0.65*
(0.45,0.95)
1.33
(0.97,1.83)
0.91
(0.54,1.53)
0.27
(0.05,1.49)
0.13
(0.01,3.16)
1.62
(0.00,1758.9)
0.88
(0.58,1.34)
0.96
(0.42,2.19)
1.56
(0.91,2.69)
0.85
(0.54,1.33)
0.35**
(0.17,0.73)
5.44
(0.41,71.90)
1.16
(0.65,2.05)
0.68
(0.25,1.84)
Ǥ>/ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.91
(0.46,1.77)
1.34
(0.84,2.12)
1.07
(0.38,3.05)
1.37
(0.69,2.73)
1.10
(0.42,2.91)
1.32
(0.82,2.14)
0.95
(0.68,1.32)
2.12*
(1.00,4.47)
1.24
(0.74,2.06)
2.00
(0.97,4.14)
1.82
(0.96,3.48)
1.63*
(1.05,2.54)
2.80*
(1.02,7.67)
1.12
(0.57,2.22)
0.41
(0.16,1.07)
2.00
(0.89,4.49)
1.74
(1.00,3.04)
3.30
(0.93,11.66)
1.30
(0.56,3.06)
0.41
(0.12,1.35)
1.21
(0.67,2.16)
1.14
(0.77,1.70)
1.39
(0.56,3.42)
1.35
(0.74,2.49)
0.98
(0.41,2.34)
1.66
(0.71,3.87)
1.53
(0.86,2.73)
2.37
(0.64,8.87)
0.96
(0.40,2.35)
0.41
(0.12,1.45)
ga»i»ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.93
(0.46,1.87)
1.35
(0.84,2.16)
1.06
(0.38,2.95)
1.28
(0.63,2.60)
1.03
(0.38,2.75)
1.30
(0.78,2.15)
0.97
(0.69,1.36)
2.00
(0.96,4.14)
1.28
(0.75,2.17)
2.07
(0.99,4.33)
1.82
(0.92,3.59)
1.62*
(1.02,2.55)
2.55
(0.95,6.81)
1.06
(0.52,2.13)
0.39
(0.15,1.02)
1.99
(0.85,4.66)
1.76
(0.99,3.11)
2.96
(0.86,10.13)
1.23
(0.51,2.98)
0.38
(0.11,1.30)
1.20
(0.65,2.21)
1.18
(0.79,1.78)
1.35
(0.56,3.25)
1.36
(0.73,2.56)
0.99
(0.41,2.39)
1.66
(0.68,4.04)
1.49
(0.82,2.70)
2.19
(0.61,7.92)
0.90
(0.36,2.27)
0.39
(0.11,1.39)
Chlorpyrifos
Indoor Air
1.64
(0.80,3.37)
1.63
(0.97,2.74)
0.76
(0.38,1.52)
0.75
(0.31,1.79)
0.98
(0.52,1.84)
0.76
(0.31,1.90)
K-13
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
1.57
(0.92,2.68)
1.52
(0.67,3.44)
1.22
(0.45,3.32)
1.28
(0.75,2.19)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
0.97
(0.64,1.48)
2.09*
(1.14,3.86)
3 39**
(1.61,7.15)
7.51
(0.13,443.21)
18.35
(0.36,924.03)
2.06**
(1.39,3.04)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
1.74*
(1.01,3.00)
0.37*
(0.17,0.84)
0.14**
(0.05,0.37)
1.17
(0.74,1.85)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
1.91
(0.96,3.79)
0.36*
(0.13,0.99)
0.11**
(0.03,0.38)
1.32
(0.75,2.34)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
1.20
(0.72,1.99)
0.92
(0.45,1.91)
0.67
(0.28,1.64)
0.40
(0.01,23.68)
0.17
(0.00,8.50)
1.28
(0.78,2.08)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
1.59
(0.78,3.25)
0.39
(0.13,1.12)
0.17**
(0.05,0.60)
1.04
(0.56,1.91)
Chrysene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
0.92
(0.26,3.17)
3.71**
(1.96,7.04)
2 99**
(1.34,6.69)
1.79
(0.74,4.34)
0.56*
(0.35,0.90)
0.91
(0.50,1.66)
0.83
(0.08,8.64)
0.89
(0.27,2.94)
0.43**
(0.23,0.82)
0.16**
(0.07,0.35)
0.79
(0.18,3.53)
0.37**
(0.17,0.80)
0.11**
(0.04,0.31)
0.79
(0.27,2.31)
0.71
(0.40,1.25)
0.51
(0.25,1.05)
0.57
(0.06,5.99)
1.00
(0.21,4.76)
0.52
(0.23,1.18)
0.22**
(0.08,0.62)
Cyfluthrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
2.33*
(1.14,4.77)
1.96
(0.73,5.27)
1.31
(0.76,2.26)
2.12*
(1.01,4.45)
0.62
(0.31,1.22)
0.23**
(0.09,0.60)
0.73
(0.31,1.70)
0.23*
(0.07,0.77)
1.40
(0.73,2.67)
1.02
(0.42,2.46)
0.52
(0.21,1.28)
0.23*
(0.06,0.80)
Diazinon
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
1.04
(0.44,2.49)
2.70**
(1.54,4.73)
1.79
(0.67,4.78)
1.45
(0.52,4.02)
1.67
(0.89,3.12)
0.60*
(0.40,0.89)
1.39
(0.67,2.88)
2.24*
(1.04,4.82)
3.32
(0.44,24.99)
0.78
(0.34,1.80)
1.68
(0.97,2.88)
0.46
(0.18,1.21)
0.17**
(0.06,0.46)
0.66
(0.23,1.88)
1.83
(0.93,3.61)
0.40
(0.12,1.33)
0.13**
(0.04,0.44)
0.72
(0.34,1.53)
1.19
(0.74,1.94)
0.75
(0.31,1.79)
0.54
(0.22,1.35)
1.92
(0.26,14.44)
0.92
(0.31,2.74)
1.53
(0.76,3.11)
0.54
(0.15,1.89)
0.23*
(0.06,0.86)
Dibenzo[«,/i]anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
0.80
(0.26,2.51)
3.66**
(1.94,6.89)
2.09
(0.93,4.72)
0.58*
(0.36,0.93)
1.14
(0.38,3.41)
0.42**
(0.22,0.78)
1.08
(0.27,4.26)
0.34**
(0.16,0.75)
0.90
(0.34,2.40)
0.69
(0.39,1.21)
1.20
(0.29,5.03)
0.50
(0.22,1.13)
K-14
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/m2)
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
2.94*
(1.30,6.66)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
0.94
(0.51,1.74)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.15**
(0.07,0.34)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.11**
(0.04,0.29)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.50
(0.24,1.04)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.22**
(0.08,0.62)
Di-n-butylphthalate
Indoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.76
(0.49,1.18)
0.70
(0.29,1.64)
1.44
(0.99,2.12)
1.16
(0.58,2.33)
0.99
(0.72,1.35)
0.90
(0.48,1.67)
1.09
(0.82,1.44)
1.76*
(1.05,2.96)
1.34
(0.35,5.09)
0.55
(0.16,1.83)
1.47
(0.63,3.44)
0.56**
(0.37,0.86)
1.55
(0.67,3.55)
0.38**
(0.26,0.56)
0.14**
(0.07,0.28)
0.16
(0.02,1.19)
0.56*
(0.33,0.95)
2.78
(0.98,7.85)
0.41**
(0.25,0.65)
0.13**
(0.05,0.30)
0.17
(0.01,2.04)
0.99
(0.68,1.45)
3.23**
(1.53,6.83)
1.13
(0.81,1.59)
0.82
(0.44,1.53)
1.10
(0.18,6.77)
0.58
(0.17,1.96)
0.86
(0.37,2.01)
0.56*
(0.32,0.99)
0.86
(0.29,2.55)
0.36**
(0.22,0.59)
0.15**
(0.06,0.38)
0.15
(0.01,2.30)
/>,/>'-DDE
Solid Food (Children)
1.23
(0.76,1.97)
0.94
(0.66,1.33)
1.45
(0.96,2.18)
1.26
(0.75,2.11)
0.76
(0.49,1.17)
1.66
(0.95,2.88)
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
2.38*
(1.03,5.48)
1.79
(0.67,4.80)
0.24**
(0.13,0.45)
0.39*
(0.19,0.81)
1.02
(0.46,2.28)
0.38*
(0.15,0.97)
0.99
(0.36,2.71)
0.31
(0.10,1.03)
0.94
(0.46,1.94)
0.70
(0.30,1.64)
1.05
(0.37,3.00)
0.45
(0.13,1.56)
Indeno [l,2,3-crf|pyrene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.84
(0.23,3.06)
3.43**
(1.79,6.54)
2.75*
(1.22,6.22)
1.97
(0.78,4.98)
0.56*
(0.35,0.91)
0.91
(0.50,1.68)
0.92
(0.34,2.47)
0.24
(0.03,1.91)
0.92
(0.26,3.20)
0.41**
(0.22,0.78)
0.15**
(0.07,0.34)
1.24
(0.28,5.53)
0.85
(0.18,4.07)
0.35**
(0.16,0.78)
0.11**
(0.04,0.30)
0.82
(0.13,5.26)
0.86
(0.28,2.64)
0.72
(0.40,1.28)
0.52
(0.25,1.08)
0.44
(0.11,1.68)
0.49
(0.06,3.86)
0.99
(0.19,5.04)
0.49
(0.21,1.12)
0.21**
(0.07,0.59)
1.88
(0.25,14.08)
IMP (2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol)
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
1.25
(0.68,2.31)
3.87**
(2.00,7.48)
1.66*
(1.07,2.58)
0.48**
(0.30,0.76)
0.95
(0.53,1.71)
1.15
(0.61,2.18)
0.91
(0.44,1.91)
1.32
(0.59,2.91)
0.92
(0.54,1.57)
1.30
(0.75,2.26)
0.99
(0.46,2.14)
1.01
(0.44,2.31)
K-15
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
0.91
(0.39,2.15)
0.74
(0.29,1.88)
1.44
(0.88,2.37)
1.13
(0.56,2.27)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
1.19
(0.63,2.26)
1.93
(0.96,3.89)
0.86
(0.60,1.23)
0.67
(0.42,1.06)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
1.05
(0.46,2.43)
0.39*
(0.16,0.98)
1.30
(0.85,1.99)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.86
(0.30,2.43)
0.27*
(0.09,0.86)
1.38
(0.81,2.35)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.66
(0.31,1.41)
0.48
(0.21,1.10)
1.13
(0.72,1.76)
0.90
(0.58,1.39)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
1.30
(0.43,3.88)
0.57
(0.17,1.88)
1.23
(0.70,2.16)
Pentachlorophenol
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.59
(0.27,1.31)
1.67
(0.73,3.82)
0.89
(0.49,1.60)
0.67
(0.26,1.76)
0.93
(0.52,1.66)
0.67
(0.37,1.23)
1.11
(0.72,1.71)
1.79
(0.89,3.60)
2.16*
(1.01,4.65)
1.46
(0.64,3.33)
1.20
(0.69,2.10)
0.44
(0.17,1.09)
3.02*
(1.16,7.87)
1.80
(0.64,5.05)
1.21
(0.60,2.45)
0.38
(0.12,1.20)
1.95
(0.97,3.91)
1.51
(0.74,3.10)
1.02
(0.61,1.71)
0.76
(0.33,1.74)
1.55
(0.57,4.22)
1.19
(0.41,3.45)
1.19
(0.57,2.46)
0.50
(0.15,1.67)
cis-Permethrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.62
(0.29,1.31)
0.50
(0.18,1.40)
1.36
(0.78,2.39)
2.21*
(1.02,4.76)
3.46
(0.27,43.85)
7.19
(0.11,474.66)
0.55
(0.26,1.14)
0.20**
(0.07,0.55)
8.06
(0.14,463.8)
0.52
(0.21,1.32)
0.16**
(0.05,0.57)
5.03
(0.04,656.05)
0.91
(0.47,1.78)
0.66
(0.27,1.66)
0.39
(0.01,13.96)
0.26
(0.00,17.14)
0.57
(0.22,1.50)
0.25*
(0.07,0.92)
12.92
(0.07,2565.9)
fro«s-Permethrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.66
(0.29,1.51)
0.51
(0.18,1.49)
1.40
(0.76,2.61)
2.22
(1.00,4.93)
3.78
(0.29,49.88)
6.27
(0.14,274.20)
0.55
(0.24,1.25)
0.19**
(0.07,0.54)
8.98
(0.13,628.5)
0.54
(0.19,1.50)
0.16**
(0.04,0.58)
5.82
(0.04,896.71)
0.94
(0.45,1.97)
0.68
(0.26,1.76)
0.42
(0.01,16.55)
0.20
(0.00,8.85)
0.57
(0.20,1.66)
0.23*
(0.06,0.91)
13.86
(0.06,3300.1)
PCB52
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
0.74
(0.37,1.45)
1.30
(0.75,2.24)
1.03
(0.58,1.81)
0.90
(0.55,1.45)
0.84
(0.56,1.25)
0.98
(0.64,1.51)
0.74
(0.39,1.42)
0.82
(0.48,1.41)
0.66
(0.38,1.14)
0.64
(0.29,1.43)
0.81
(0.41,1.59)
0.73
(0.37,1.45)
0.75
(0.42,1.35)
0.98
(0.61,1.57)
1.22
(0.73,2.04)
0.85
(0.37,1.98)
0.83
(0.41,1.68)
0.60
(0.29,1.23)
K-16
-------
Table K-2. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs.
Rural
0.84
(0.40,1.75)
Low Income
vs. Mid/High
Income
1.59
(0.92,2.76)
2.85
(0.26,30.75)
Home vs.
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.24**
(0.12,0.49)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.23**
(0.09,0.55)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
0.89
(0.46,1.71)
1.42
(0.13,15.29)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
0.26**
(0.10,0.65)
PCB95
Indoor Air
0.82
(0.40,1.65)
0.91
(0.57,1.44)
1.03
(0.56,1.89)
0.98
(0.48,1.99)
0.90
(0.50,1.63)
1.09
(0.51,2.34)
PCB 101
Indoor Air
0.68
(0.35,1.31)
0.77
(0.48,1.25)
1.07
(0.67,1.71)
0.90
(0.51,1.61)
0.71
(0.39,1.30)
1.27
(0.65,2.45)
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface
Wipes
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
1.28
(0.70,2.33)
1.22
(0.78,1.92)
2.80**
(1.32,5.96)
1.84
(0.92,3.67)
1.48
(0.57,3.84)
2.72
(0.05,151.89)
1.05
(0.62,1.79)
1.14
(0.62,2.09)
1.72*
(1.11,2.66)
0.90
(0.66,1.23)
0.90
(0.52,1.54)
1.45
(0.87,2.43)
2.35*
(1.15,4.79)
2.67
(0.33,21.31)
1.16
(0.79,1.70)
1.10
(0.72,1.69)
0.79
(0.44,1.42)
1.35
(0.89,2.06)
1.27
(0.61,2.62)
0.78
(0.40,1.54)
0.29**
(0.11,0.73)
2.52
(0.19,33.93)
0.98
(0.62,1.55)
0.83
(0.40,1.71)
1.45
(0.86,2.46)
1.17
(0.47,2.91)
0.74
(0.31,1.72)
0.23*
(0.07,0.75)
1.90
(0.07,50.12)
1.19
(0.67,2.12)
1.09
(0.64,1.86)
1.15
(0.79,1.67)
0.86
(0.45,1.64)
0.88
(0.48,1.64)
0.64
(0.28,1.50)
0.57
(0.02,15.35)
1.48
(0.93,2.38)
1.87**
(1.24,2.82)
0.75
(0.35,1.63)
1.26
(0.73,2.18)
1.37
(0.53,3.54)
0.83
(0.34,2.02)
0.36
(0.10,1.22)
3.34
(0.06,178.39)
0.80
(0.44,1.48)
* Significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
K-17
-------
Table K-3. Results of Statistical Analyses to Investigate the Significance of Environment,
Urbanicity, and Income Status on Analyte Levels in Selected NC Multimedia
Samples(a)
Medium
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Benz [a] anthracene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.032*
0.573
0.770
0.469
0.374
0.085
0.754
0.009**
0.005**
0.101
0.807
0.412
0.121
0.448
0.129
0.001**
0.042*
0.380
0.001**
0.001**
0.995
0.042*
0.001**
Benzo [6] fluoranthene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.110
0.126
0.637
0.746
0.467
0.528
0.775
0.001**
0.470
0.015*
0.009**
0.080
0.455
0.622
0.816
0.226
0.543
0.110
0.001**
0.010*
0.652
0.001**
0.001**
0.853
0.010*
0.001**
Benzo [k] fluoranthene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.133
0.546
0.602
0.380
0.345
0.578
0.274
0.018*
0.008**
0.085
0.372
0.456
0.023*
0.416
0.178
0.001**
0.077
0.557
0.081
0.001**
0.054
0.001**
0.085
0.958
0.566
0.001**
Benzo \ghi\ perylene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.153
0.164
0.700
0.980
0.616
0.316
0.764
<0.001**
0.052
0.008**
0.005**
0.076
0.416
0.467
0.303
0.042*
0.547
0.146
0.001**
0.045*
0.653
0.227
0.001**
0.160
0.001**
0.070
1.000
0.045*
0.883
0.001**
K-18
-------
Table K-3. (cont.)
Medium
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Benzo [a] pyrene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.454
0.043*
0.697
0.805
0.760
0.461
0.824
<0.001**
0.417
0.020*
0.005**
0.088
0.790
0.399
0.340
0.051
0.477
0.198
<0.001**
0.055
0.480
0.001**
0.001**
0.994
0.001**
Benzo [e] pyrene
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.217
0.755
0.820
0.515
0.363
0.829
0.198
0.008**
0.013*
0.051
0.486
0.431
0.026*
0.558
0.151
0.001**
0.072
0.443
0.117
0.001**
0.078
0.001**
0.072
0.984
0.690
0.001**
Benzylbutylphthalate
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.349
0.164
0.181
0.726
0.307
0.003**
<0.001**
0.522
0.404
0.165
0.001**
0.001**
0.595
0.551
0.409
0.001**
0.001**
0.001**
0.001**
0.960
0.999
0.001**
0.001**
Bisphenol-A
Indoor Air
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
Liquid Food (Children)
0.653
0.721
0.562
0.851
0.892
0.942
0.084
0.880
0.890
0.440
0.510
0.885
0.052
0.023*
0.655
0.770
0.447
0.131
0.023*
Ǥ>/ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
0.282
0.373
0.451
0.117
0.105
0.226
0.785
0.027*
0.081
0.009**
0.021*
0.830
0.054
K-19
-------
Table K-3. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.345
0.655
0.449
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.041*
0.604
0.200
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.001**
0.908
0.410
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.001**
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.001**
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.655
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
0.001**
ga»i»ja-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
0.328
0.497
0.444
0.323
0.568
0.370
0.110
0.030*
0.251
0.053
0.306
0.160
0.849
0.028*
0.073
0.001**
0.898
0.343
0.010*
0.001**
0.021*
0.001**
0.753
0.695
0.065
0.001**
Chlorpyrifos
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
0.848
0.288
0.384
0.289
0.745
0.875
0.700
0.516
0.213
0.048*
0.805
0.003**
0.859
0.110
0.469
0.147
0.196
0.017*
0.828
0.074
0.603
0.901
0.738
0.416
0.310
0.990
0.020*
0.174
Chrysene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.139
0.053
0.684
0.877
0.552
0.351
0.981
0.794
0.001**
0.572
0.009**
0.018*
0.063
0.326
0.334
0.700
0.154
0.369
0.463
0.149
0.001**
0.218
0.567
0.986
0.001**
0.001**
0.906
0.001**
Cyfluthrin
Transferable Residues
0.899
0.603
0.521
Diazinon
K-20
-------
Table K-3. (cont.)
Medium
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.901
0.580
0.698
0.460
0.735
0.965
0.881
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.001**
0.613
0.017*
<0.001**
0.971
0.566
0.256
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.734
0.568
0.051
0.001**
0.269
0.892
0.641
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.001**
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.004**
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.405
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
0.001**
Dibenzo [a,h] anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.381
0.394
0.267
0.066
0.009**
0.083
0.430
0.128
0.001**
0.001**
0.001**
1.000
0.001**
Di-n-butylphthalate
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.624
0.381
0.803
0.194
0.494
0.259
0.744
0.519
0.001**
0.730
0.428
0.431
0.001**
0.001**
0.001**
0.180
0.805
0.293
0.002**
0.001**
0.001**
0.001**
0.006**
0.001**
0.017*
0.617
0.922
0.084
0.001**
0.001**
/>,/>'-DDE
Solid Food (Children)
0.655
0.352
0.543
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
0.002**
0.023*
0.024*
0.224
0.001**
0.181
0.493
0.366
0.004**
0.004**
0.340
0.817
0.182
0.063
0.059
0.677
0.007**
0.011*
0.964
0.022*
Heptachlor
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
0.642
0.975
0.333
0.424
0.793
0.403
Indeno [1,2,3-crf] py rene
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
0.300
0.267
0.694
0.001**
0.144
0.007**
0.263
0.040*
0.473
0.152
0.111
0.092
0.748
K-21
-------
Table K-3. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.663
0.862
0.420
0.846
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.009**
0.058
0.528
0.411
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.154
<0.001**
0.037*
0.445
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.001**
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.001**
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.931
0.037*
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
0.001**
Pentachlorophenol
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.324
0.097
0.759
0.538
0.011*
0.041*
0.569
0.011*
0.578
0.190
0.224
0.022*
0.014*
0.126
0.374
0.018*
cis-Permethrin
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.998
0.807
0.843
0.374
0.909
0.239
0.001**
0.805
0.004**
0.707
0.115
0.856
0.270
0.826
0.024*
0.606
0.726
0.426
0.007**
0.036*
0.896
0.019*
fra«$-Permethrin
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.909
0.923
0.774
0.405
0.936
0.286
<0.001**
0.917
0.011*
0.718
0.131
0.831
0.356
0.667
0.019*
0.511
0.677
0.422
0.006**
0.035*
0.826
0.015*
PCB52
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
0.439
0.609
0.377
0.372
0.596
0.006**
0.167
0.071
0.011*
0.904
PCB95
Indoor Air
0.741
0.534
0.963
PCB 101
Indoor Air
0.329
0.897
0.455
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Indoor Air
0.820
0.891
0.061
K-22
-------
Table K-3. (cont.)
Medium
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.472
0.381
0.361
0.336
0.768
0.881
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.015*
0.718
0.568
0.002**
0.001**
0.076
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.075
0.045*
0.214
0.348
0.390
0.853
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.046*
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.313
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.278
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
0.049*
(a) For a given analyte, the media listed in this table represent those media for which statistical analysis was performed (i.e.,
having at least 50% detected results).
(b) In the last four columns of this table, significance levels are specified only when the environment effect was significant at the
0.05 level (column 4 of this table). These significance levels in these last three rows are adjusted based upon Tukey's
studentized range approach to controlling the overall Type I error rate (i.e., incorrectly declaring at least one pair of
environments significantly different).
* Implies statistical significance at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Implies statistical significance at the 0.01 level.
K-23
-------
Table K-4. Results of Statistical Analyses to Investigate the Significance of Environment,
Urbanicity, and Income Status on Analyte Levels in Selected OH Multimedia
Samples(a)
Medium
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Atrazine
Drinking Water (ng/mL)
0.629
0.639
0.253
Benz [a] anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.790
0.001**
0.006**
0.161
0.029*
0.839
0.817
0.842
0.862
0.009**
0.001**
0.157
0.592
0.016*
0.001**
0.009**
0.001**
0.177
0.041*
0.239
0.005**
Benzo [6] fluoranthene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.721
0.001**
0.009**
0.195
0.019*
0.788
0.730
0.548
0.917
0.009**
0.001**
0.411
0.421
0.009**
0.001**
0.007**
0.001**
0.300
0.071
0.139
0.002**
Benzo [k] fluoranthene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.713
0.001**
0.013*
0.069
0.024*
0.824
0.995
0.617
0.829
0.010*
0.001**
0.330
0.568
0.008**
0.001**
0.007**
0.001**
0.379
0.082
0.112
0.001**
Benzo \ghi\ perylene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.717
0.001**
0.018*
0.106
0.016*
0.753
0.924
0.165
0.951
0.008**
0.001**
0.264
0.231
0.007**
0.001**
0.006**
0.001**
0.324
0.079
0.112
0.002**
Benzo [a] pyrene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
0.686
0.001**
0.011*
0.166
0.017*
0.705
0.914
0.881
0.023*
0.001**
0.231
0.029*
0.001**
0.023*
0.001**
0.265
0.058
0.302
0.006**
K-24
-------
Table K-4. (cont.)
Medium
Transferable Residues
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.647
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.769
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Benzo[e]pyrene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.721
<0.001**
0.014*
0.125
0.017*
0.778
0.937
0.874
0.938
0.011*
0.001**
0.344
0.551
0.010*
0.001**
0.009**
0.001**
0.331
0.078
0.142
0.002**
Benzylbutylphthalate
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
0.284
0.167
0.226
0.062
0.003**
0.177
0.533
0.762
0.349
0.006**
0.001**
0.059
0.148
0.099
0.290
0.002**
0.001**
0.004**
0.001**
0.761
0.209
0.024*
0.001**
Bisphenol-A
Indoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
Liquid Food (Children)
0.903
0.356
0.610
0.555
0.448
0.107
0.407
0.081
0.141
0.763
0.128
0.294
0.859
0.019*
0.106
0.001**
0.126
0.174
0.543
0.723
0.533
0.267
0.001**
0.996
0.001**
0.021*
0.904
0.128
0.003**
Ǥ>/ia-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.772
0.216
0.897
0.364
0.847
0.255
0.754
0.049*
0.415
0.061
0.128
0.064
0.083
0.462
0.185
ga»i»ja-Chlordane
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
0.830
0.214
0.315
0.847
0.158
0.066
K-25
-------
Table K-4. (cont.)
Medium
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.906
0.494
0.960
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.062
0.359
0.053
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.115
0.493
0.157
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Chlorpyrifos
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Solid Food (Children)
0.179
0.099
0.316
0.695
0.361
0.065
0.896
0.018*
0.002**
0.281
0.123
0.001**
0.724
0.086
0.054
0.001**
0.613
0.319
0.348
0.001**
0.001**
0.542
0.004**
Chrysene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
0.889
0.001**
0.008**
0.198
0.018*
0.748
0.855
0.852
0.010*
0.001**
0.594
0.010*
0.001**
0.008**
0.001**
0.323
0.076
0.142
0.002**
Cyfluthrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.021*
0.182
0.320
0.047*
0.202
0.012*
0.003**
0.013*
0.999
0.017*
Diazinon
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
0.921
0.001**
0.239
0.478
0.107
0.012*
0.378
0.038*
0.202
0.468
0.107
0.193
0.001**
0.469
0.001**
0.001**
0.255
0.025*
Dibenzo [a,h] anthracene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.704
0.001**
0.010*
0.076
0.025*
0.847
0.946
0.005**
0.001**
0.006**
0.001**
0.004**
0.001**
0.257
0.066
0.115
0.002**
Di-n-butylphthalate
Indoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
0.215
0.405
0.059
0.927
0.733
0.565
0.029*
0.001**
0.001**
0.008**
0.300
0.001**
0.029*
0.055
0.001**
0.998
0.001**
0.664
0.043*
0.943
0.001**
K-26
-------
Table K-4. (cont.)
Medium
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Food Preparation Surface
Wipes
Transferable Residues
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
0.669
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
0.033*
0.648
0.275
0.318
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
0.001**
0.184
0.328
0.688
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
0.001**
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.001**
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
0.736
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
0.001**
/>,/>'-DDE
Solid Food (Children)
0.400
0.722
0.085
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.042*
0.247
0.001**
0.011*
0.980
0.069
Indeno [1,2,3-crf] py rene
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.788
0.001**
0.015*
0.148
0.021*
0.772
0.861
0.149
0.941
0.008**
0.001**
0.309
0.444
0.007**
0.001**
0.006**
0.001**
0.360
0.089
0.104
0.002**
IMP (2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol)
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
0.469
0.001**
0.835
0.522
0.146
0.724
0.025*
0.002**
0.585
0.063
0.401
0.085
0.923
0.466
0.430
0.012*
0.352
0.620
0.045*
0.022*
0.094
0.499
cis-Permethrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.209
0.185
0.276
0.044*
0.315
0.302
0.248
0.004**
0.456
0.472
0.002**
0.002**
0.540
0.034*
fra«$-Permethrin
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Transferable Residues
0.322
0.216
0.279
0.051
0.290
0.288
0.347
0.005**
0.458
0.351
0.002**
0.003**
0.602
0.033*
K-27
-------
Table K-4. (cont.)
Medium
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income
Status Effect
Test for
Significant
Environ-
ment Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environ-
ments
Results of Comparisons Between(b) ...
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Home
Children)
and Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
Home
Environ-
ment (for
Day Care
Children)
and Day
Care
Environ-
ment
Pentachlorophenol
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
0.193
0.222
0.695
0.414
0.808
0.193
0.627
0.100
0.009**
0.242
0.801
0.137
0.048*
0.019*
0.062
0.555
PCB52
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Transferable Residues
0.370
0.344
0.930
0.640
0.661
0.384
0.940
0.099
0.323
0.304
0.761
0.235
<0.001**
0.732
0.001**
0.001**
0.904
0.002**
PCB95
Indoor Air
0.565
0.680
0.907
PCB 101
Indoor Air
0.241
0.289
0.398
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Indoor Air
Outdoor Air
Soil
Dust (ng/g)
Dust (ng/m2)
Hard Floor Surface Wipes
Solid Food (Children)
Solid Food (Adults)
0.424
0.375
0.008**
0.084
0.418
0.564
0.844
0.680
0.016*
0.510
0.693
0.156
0.019*
0.291
0.448
0.660
0.686
0.226
0.711
0.677
0.014*
0.664
0.141
0.003**
0.010*
0.010*
0.436
0.003**
0.119
(a) For a given analyte, the media listed in this table represent those media for which statistical analysis was performed (i.e.,
having at least 50% detected results). In columns 2 through 4 of this table, cells are blank when insufficient data are available
for the given pollutant and sample medium to allow the statistical test specified in the column heading to be performed.
(b) In the last four columns of this table, significance levels are specified only when the environment effect was significant at the
0.05 level (column 4 of this table). These significance levels in these last three rows are adjusted based upon Tukey's
studentized range approach to controlling the overall Type I error rate (i.e., incorrectly declaring at least one pair of
environments significantly different).
* Implies statistical significance at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Implies statistical significance at the 0.01 level.
K-28
-------
Table K-5. Estimated Ratio Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Pollutant Levels
in NC Dermal Wipe Samples, and 95% Confidence Intervals on This Ratio, for
Pollutants Detected in At Least 50% of Samples
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs. Rural
Low Income vs.
Mid/High
Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children)
vs. Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
vs. Day Care
Environment
alpha-CUordane
Children
Adults
0.69(0.42,1.13)
0.73(0.39,1.37)
1.08(0.73,1.60)
0.94(0.57,1.54)
1.14(0.83,1.59)
1.02(0.61,1.71)
0.80(0.48,1.33)
0.87(0.52,1.45)
1.28(0.84,1.96)
ga»i»i«-Chlordane
Children
Adults
0.68(0.36,1.28)
0.80(0.39,1.63)
1.22(0.75,1.99)
1.00(0.57,1.74)
1.10(0.77,1.56)
0.98(0.52,1.83)
0.79(0.42,1.49)
0.90(0.50,1.59)
1.23(0.81,1.88)
Chlorpyrifos
Children
Adults
0.97(0.44,2.18)
1.47(0.66,3.26)
1.54(0.88,2.71)
1.91* (1.02,3. 57)
1.75* (1.12,2.72)
1.59(0.64,3.93)
0.83 (0.34,2.06)
0.87(0.46,1.66)
1.91** (1.27,2. 89)
Diazinon
Adults
1.26(0.57,2.78)
1.59(0.86,2.96)
0.81 (0.43,1.52)
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Children
Adults
1.16(0.83,1.63)
0.73(0.50,1.07)
1.22(0.95,1.57)
1.47* (1.10,1. 98)
1.88** (1.43,2.47)
1.99** (1.40,2.84)
1.12(0.79,1.60)
0.83(0.61,1.13)
1.77** (1.20,2.60)
Benzylbutylphthalate
Children
Adults
0.78(0.42,1.45)
1.23(0.69,2.18)
1.64* (1.04,2. 58)
1.43(0.91,2.25)
1.41 (0.95,2.09)
1.32(0.67,2.58)
0.87(0.44,1.71)
1.47(0.92,2.34)
1.51(0.93,2.45)
Di-n-butylphthalate
Children
Adults
1.34(0.68,2.64)
2.44(1.00,5.98)
0.76(0.49,1.17)
0.91 (0.45,1.85)
0.83(0.49,1.38)
0.57(0.27,1.20)
0.48(0.23,1.00)
0.46* (0.22,0.95)
1.20(0.59,2.44)
Bisphenol-A
Children
Adults
0.94(0.46,1.91)
2.61** (1.29,5.28)
0.82(0.48,1.40)
0.85(0.49,1.49)
0.33** (0.19,0. 58)
0.39* (0.19,0.82)
1.40(0.66,2.97)
1.56(0.88,2.75)
0.28** (0.12,0.63)
cis-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.58(0.21,1.63)
0.59(0.18,1.97)
2.00 (0.90,4.42)
1.47(0.57,3.78)
1.39(0.77,2.51)
0.91 (0.33,2.56)
0.43(0.15,1.23)
0.51 (0.20,1.36)
2.10* (1.01,4.40)
frans-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.52(0.20,1.38)
0.45(0.13,1.47)
2.03 (0.95,4.35)
1.74(0.68,4.45)
1.45(0.83,2.54)
1.17(0.44,3.12)
0.65(0.24,1.74)
0.66(0.25,1.74)
1.80(0.93,3.49)
* Significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
K-29
-------
Table K-6. Estimated Ratio Between Selected Strata of Geometric Mean Pollutant Levels
in OH Dermal Wipe Samples, and 95% Confidence Intervals on This Ratio, for
Pollutants Detected in At Least 50% of Samples
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs. Rural
Low Income vs.
Mid/High Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children)
vs. Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
vs. Day Care
Environment
Benz [a] anthracene
Children
Adults
1.92(0.92,4.00)
1.45(0.91,2.32)
0.78(0.50,1.22)
0.83(0.59,1.17)
1.13(0.71,1.79)
0.97 (0.47,2.00)
0.73(0.35,1.52)
0.85(0.60,1.21)
1.32(0.72,2.40)
Benz o [b] fluor anthene
Children
Adults
2.33 (0.99,5.50)
1.69(0.87,3.27)
0.70(0.42,1.17)
0.70(0.43,1.15)
1.17(0.66,2.05)
1.08(0.46,2.51)
0.85(0.37,1.99)
1.02(0.62,1.70)
1.26(0.59,2.70)
Benz o [k] fluor anthene
Children
Adults
1.75(0.85,3.63)
1.39(0.82,2.36)
0.72(0.45,1.14)
0.85(0.58,1.26)
1.22(0.77,1.93)
1.00(0.49,2.06)
0.68(0.33,1.39)
1.00(0.67,1.50)
1.48(0.81,2.69)
Benzo \ghi\ perylene
Children
Adults
1.94(0.86,4.37)
1.60(0.95,2.70)
0.75(0.46,1.22)
0.70(0.48,1.04)
1.37(0.82,2.28)
1.10(0.49,2.47)
0.65(0.29,1.46)
0.97(0.65,1.44)
1.70(0.87,3.30)
Benzo[«]pyrene
Children
Adults
1.85(0.82,4.18)
1.47(0.86,2.53)
0.65(0.40,1.07)
0.81(0.54,1.21)
1.10(0.66,1.83)
0.94(0.42,2.12)
0.74(0.33,1.66)
0.99(0.65,1.49)
1.28(0.66,2.47)
Benzo [ejpyrene
Children
Adults
1.90(0.87,4.13)
1.56(0.88,2.78)
0.82(0.52,1.30)
0.83(0.55,1.28)
1.30(0.81,2.09)
1.19(0.55,2.58)
0.84(0.39,1.82)
1.17(0.75,1.81)
1.42(0.77,2.61)
Bisphenol-A
Children
Adults
1.11 (0.54,2.28)
1.40(0.72,2.75)
1.13(0.67,1.88)
1.31(0.80,2.16)
2.90** (1.74,4. 85)
3. 15** (1.57,6. 34)
1.18(0.59,2.37)
1.04(0.62,1.75)
2.67** (1.30,5.49)
Chlorpyrifos
Children
Adults
1.03(0.40,2.63)
1.79(0.72,4.48)
2. 53** (1.29,4.96)
4.08** (2.07,8.04)
1.29(0.73,2.27)
1.18(0.49,2.85)
0.84 (0.35,2.02)
0.82(0.41,1.65)
1.41(0.68,2.95)
Chrysene
Children
Adults
1.69(0.75,3.79)
1.81* (1.05,3. 12)
0.71(0.43,1.16)
0.79(0.53,1.19)
1.10(0.67,1.83)
0.89(0.40,1.98)
0.65(0.29,1.45)
0.87(0.57,1.32)
1.36(0.71,2.63)
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Adults
1.63(0.94,2.80)
1.31(0.87,1.97)
2.25** (1.49,3. 39)
Indeno[l,2,3-crf]pyrene
Children
Adults
2.00 (0.88,4.53)
1.51 (0.88,2.60)
0.78(0.48,1.26)
0.75(0.50,1.12)
1.24(0.75,2.06)
1.02(0.45,2.30)
0.68(0.30,1.53)
0.87(0.57,1.32)
1.50(0.78,2.89)
Pentachlorophenol
Adults
0.88(0.50,1.55)
1.25(0.81,1.90)
0.80(0.52,1.22)
K-30
-------
Table K-6. (cont.)
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Estimated Ratio of Geometric Means (95% CI)
Urban vs. Rural
Low Income vs.
Mid/High Income
Home vs.
Day Care
Environments
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) vs.
Day Care
Environment
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children)
vs. Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
vs. Day Care
Environment
cis-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.60(0.20,1.78)
0.36(0.12,1.11)
1.45(0.68,3.08)
1.30(0.57,2.96)
1.11 (0.63,1.97)
0.92 (0.32,2.69)
0.69(0.24,2.01)
0.58(0.25,1.37)
1.34(0.72,2.50)
frans-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.51 (0.17,1.52)
0.39(0.13,1.19)
1.26(0.59,2.70)
1.33(0.59,2.99)
1.11 (0.63,1.93)
0.81 (0.28,2.36)
0.54(0.18,1.56)
0.57(0.24,1.31)
1.51(0.84,2.72)
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Children
Adults
0.86(0.56,1.31)
1.12(0.72,1.75)
1.28(0.93,1.75)
1.28(0.91,1.79)
1.25(0.95,1.65)
1.45(0.97,2.18)
1.35(0.90,2.02)
1.11(0.80,1.56)
1.08(0.74,1.56)
* Significantly different from 1 at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Significantly different from 1 at the 0.01 level.
K-31
-------
Table K-7. Results of Statistical Analyses to Investigate the Significance of Environment,
Urbanicity, and Income Status on NC Dermal Wipe Loading Data(a)
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income Status
Effect
Test for
Significant
Environment
Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environments
Results of Comparisons Between^' ...
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
Benzylbutylphthalate
Children
Adults
0.424
0.487
0.032*
0.121
0.127
0.107
Bisphenol-A
Children
Adults
0.862
0.008**
0.459
0.574
0.001**
0.127
O.001**
0.010*
0.519
0.001**
alpha-CUordane
Children
Adults
0.136
0.325
0.686
0.792
0.334
0.595
ga»i»i«-Chlordane
Children
Adults
0.226
0.534
0.419
0.992
0.437
0.703
Chlorpyrifos
Children
Adults
0.948
0.344
0.130
0.044*
0.002**
0.674
0.014*
0.434
0.877
0.001**
Diazinon
Adults
0.559
0.139
0.502
Di-n-butylphthalate
Children
Adults
0.384
0.051
0.207
0.803
0.057
0.036*
0.036*
cis-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.289
0.392
0.087
0.417
0.038*
0.177
0.274
0.975
0.135
0.047*
frans-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.187
0.183
0.069
0.246
0.105
0.399
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Children
Adults
0.368
0.108
0.115
0.010*
O.001**
0.230
O.001**
O.001**
0.705
0.002**
(a) For a given analyte, the media listed in this table represent those media for which statistical analysis was performed (i.e.,
having at least 50% detected results).
(b) In the last four columns of this table, significance levels are specified only when the environment effect was significant at the
0.05 level (column 4 of this table). These significance levels in these last three rows are adjusted based upon Tukey's
studentized range approach to controlling the overall Type I error rate (i.e., incorrectly declaring at least one pair of
environments significantly different).
* Implies statistical significance at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Implies statistical significance at the 0.01 level.
K-32
-------
Table K-8. Results of Statistical Analyses to Investigate the Significance of Environment,
Urbanicity, and Income Status on OH Dermal Wipe Loading Data(a)
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income Status
Effect
Test for
Significant
Environment
Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environments
Results of Comparisons Between^' ...
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
Benz [a] anthracene
Children
Adults
0.082
0.115
0.275
0.275
0.455
0.370
Benzo[6]fluoranthene
Children
Adults
0.053
0.121
0.166
0.158
0.755
0.930
Benzo[&]fluoranthene
Children
Adults
0.129
0.217
0.152
0.422
0.237
0.993
Benz o [ghi] pery lene
Children
Adults
0.108
0.076
0.231
0.075
0.153
0.875
Benzo[«]pyrene
Children
Adults
0.139
0.160
0.089
0.292
0.565
0.948
Benzo[e]pyrene
Children
Adults
0.104
0.128
0.388
0.401
0.396
0.490
Bisphenol-A
Children
Adults
0.774
0.319
0.644
0.279
O.001**
0.867
O.001**
0.001**
0.836
0.005**
Chlorpyrifos
Children
Adults
0.948
0.210
0.008**
O.001**
0.539
0.577
Chrysene
Children
Adults
0.199
0.033*
0.169
0.254
0.360
0.508
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Adults
0.079
0.199
O.001**
O.001**
Indeno [l,2,3-crf|pyrene
Children
Adults
0.095
0.135
0.298
0.159
0.283
0.503
Pentachlorophenol
Adults
0.663
0.308
0.295
K-33
-------
Table K-8. (cont.)
Type of
Dermal
Wipe
Sample
Significance Levels Associated with ...
Test for
Significant
Urbanicity
Effect
Test for
Significant
Income Status
Effect
Test for
Significant
Environment
Effect
Test for
Significant
Difference
Between
Home and
Day Care
Environments
Results of Comparisons Between*6' ...
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Home
Children) and
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children)
Home
Environment
(for Day Care
Children) and
Day Care
Environment
cis-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.354
0.075
0.330
0.536
0.465
0.211
frans-Permethrin
Children
Adults
0.223
0.097
0.544
0.490
0.159
0.181
3,5,6-TCP(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol)
Children
Adults
0.469
0.617
0.125
0.150
0.083
0.527
(a) For a given analyte, the media listed in this table represent those media for which statistical analysis was performed (i.e.,
having at least 50% detected results).
(b) In the last four columns of this table, significance levels are specified only when the environment effect was significant at the
0.05 level (column 4 of this table). These significance levels in these last three rows are adjusted based upon Tukey's
studentized range approach to controlling the overall Type I error rate (i.e., incorrectly declaring at least one pair of
environments significantly different).
* Implies statistical significance at the 0.05 level, but not at the 0.01 level.
** Implies statistical significance at the 0.01 level.
K-34
-------
Appendix L
Descriptive Statistics of Potential Exposure Level and Potential Absorbed Dose Estimates
for Target Pollutants in Participating NC Children
L-l
-------
L-2
-------
This appendix contains tables of descriptive statistics of potential exposure and potential absorbed dose
estimates (expressed in both ng and pmole units) in NC children for the following pollutants and
metabolites:
Pollutant/Metabolite
Benz[a]anthracene
Benzo[£>]fluoranthene
Benzo[/(]fluoranthene
Benzo[g/?/]perylene
Benzo[a]pyrene
Benzo[e]pyrene
Benzylbutylphthalate
Bisphenol-A
a/p/?a-Chlordane
gamma-Chlordane
Chlorpyrifos
Chrysene
Cyfluthrin
Diazinon
Dibenzo[a,/?]anthracene
Di-n-butylphthalate
p,p'-DDE
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
Heptachlor
lndeno[1 ,2,3-cd]pyrene
Pentachlorophenol
c/s-Permethrin
frans-Permethrin
PCS 52
PCB95
PCS 101
3,5,6-TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pvridinol)
Table Numbers for
Potential Exposure
Summaries
Tables L-1 a, L-1b
Tables L-2a, L-2b
Tables L-3a, L-3b
Tables L-4a, L-4b
Tables L-5a, L-5b
Tables L-6a, L-6b
Tables L-7a, L-7b
Tables L-8a, L-8b
Tables L-9a, L-9b
Tables L-1 Oa, L-1 Ob
Tables L-1 1 a, L-11b
Tables L-1 2a, L-12b
Tables L-1 3a, L-13b
Tables L-1 4a, L-14b
Tables L-1 5a, L-15b
Tables L-16a, L-16b
Tables L-1 7a, L-17b
Tables L-1 8a, L-18b
Tables L-1 9a, L-19b
Tables L-20a, L-20b
Tables L-21 a, L-21b
Tables L-22a, L-22b
Tables L-23a, L-23b
Tables L-24a, L-24b
Tables L-25a, L-25b
Tables L-26a, L-26b
Tables L-27a, L-27b
Table Numbers for
Potential Absorbed
Dose Summaries
Tables L-1 c, L-1d
Tables L-2c, L-2d
Tables L-3c, L-3d
Tables L-4c, L-4d
Tables L-5c, L-5d
Tables L-6c, L-6d
Tables L-7c, L-7d
Tables L-8c, L-8d
Tables L-9c, L-9d
Tables L-1 Oc, L-10d
Tables L-1 1c, L-11d
Tables L-12c, L-12d
Tables L-1 3c, L-1 3d
Tables L-14c, L-14d
Tables L-1 5c, L-15d
Tables L-1 6c, L-16d
Tables L-1 7c, L-17d
Tables L-1 8c, L-18d
Tables L-1 9c, L-19d
Tables L-20c, L-20d
Tables L-21 c, L-21d
Tables L-22c, L-22d
Tables L-23c, L-24d
Tables L-24c, L-24d
Tables L-25c, L-25d
Tables L-26c, L-26d
Tables L-27c, L-27d
Descriptive statistics are presented separately for the following groups of NC child participants:
All participants
Participants from urban areas
Participants from rural areas
Participants from low-income areas
Participants from middle/upper-income areas
Stay-at-home children
Day care children
L-3
-------
Table L-1a. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Estimates of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
81.5
82.5
76.2
83.6
80.0
69.2
94.9
41.4
39.3
52.4
44.8
37.9
37.9
45.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.58
1.68
1.10
1.59
1.54
1.83
1.31
-
-
51.4
-
-
-
-
19.8
18.1
27.4
11.9
27.6
13.2
27.4
2.58
2.73
1.59
1.84
3.07
3.30
1.38
-
-
38.1
-
-
-
-
45.8
42.6
58.9
20.6
59.9
26.2
60.4
0.973
1.02
0.777
1.07
0.892
1.01
0.934
-
-
41.3
-
-
-
-
6.85
6.90
6.64
5.90
8.20
5.60
8.63
0.843
0.870
0.667
0.803
0.853
0.918
0.758
-
-
0.667
-
-
-
-
1.26
1.21
1.52
1.14
1.36
1.17
1.33
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
81.5
82.5
76.2
83.6
80.0
69.2
94.9
41.4
39.3
52.4
44.8
37.9
37.9
45.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.93
7.36
4.80
6.95
6.74
8.00
5.74
-
-
225
-
-
-
-
86.6
79.2
120
52.0
121
57.7
120
11.3
12.0
6.95
8.04
13.4
14.5
6.04
-
-
167
-
-
-
-
201
187
258
90.0
262
115
265
4.26
4.46
3.40
4.69
3.91
4.43
4.09
-
-
181
-
-
-
-
30.0
30.2
29.1
25.9
35.9
24.5
37.8
0.843
0.870
0.667
0.803
0.853
0.918
0.758
-
-
0.667
-
-
-
-
1.26
1.21
1.52
1.14
1.36
1.17
1.33
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
L-4
-------
Table L-1b. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Range of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-1c. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Estimates of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
81.5
82.5
76.2
83.6
80.0
69.2
94.9
41.4
39.3
52.4
44.8
37.9
37.9
45.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.050
0.054
0.031
0.054
0.047
0.061
0.037
-
-
1.45
-
-
-
-
0.620
0.556
0.907
0.353
0.884
0.471
0.791
0.086
0.093
0.041
0.093
0.083
0.112
0.040
-
-
1.13
-
-
-
-
1.43
1.30
1.96
0.637
1.87
1.01
1.80
0.029
0.031
0.022
0.031
0.028
0.032
0.026
-
-
1.16
-
-
-
-
0.203
0.206
0.186
0.166
0.255
0.176
0.239
0.888
0.916
0.689
0.914
0.867
0.967
0.787
-
-
0.646
-
-
-
-
1.32
1.25
1.64
1.19
1.40
1.27
1.37
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
81.5
82.5
76.2
83.6
80.0
69.2
94.9
41.4
39.3
52.4
44.8
37.9
37.9
45.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.219
0.236
0.134
0.236
0.205
0.269
0.163
-
-
6.33
-
-
-
-
2.72
2.44
3.97
1.55
3.87
2.06
3.47
0.378
0.406
0.179
0.407
0.363
0.492
0.176
-
-
4.93
-
-
-
-
6.28
5.68
8.58
2.79
8.21
4.44
7.87
0.127
0.135
0.096
0.134
0.122
0.141
0.114
-
-
5.08
-
-
-
-
0.888
0.904
0.817
0.729
1.12
0.769
1.05
0.888
0.916
0.689
0.914
0.867
0.967
0.787
-
-
0.646
-
-
-
-
1.32
1.25
1.64
1.19
1.40
1.27
1.37
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
"Potential Absorbed Dose" was calculated as the Potential Exposure times 50% (the assumed absorption factor into the body), divided by the subject's
body weight.
L-6
-------
Table L-1d. Benzralanthracene (56-55-3): Range of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-2a. Benzorfrlfluoranthene (205-99-2): Estimates of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
80.6
79.6
85.7
92.7
69.2
75.4
86.4
45.3
44.9
47.6
44.8
47.0
36.4
54.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.08
2.19
1.50
2.51
1.73
1.98
2.19
-
-
-
-
-
-
42.3
50.0
41.0
90.7
32.6
67.7
28.7
74.5
2.17
2.28
1.43
2.18
2.17
2.42
1.86
-
-
-
-
-
-
19.0
130
86.4
244
55.3
171
53.3
179
1.39
1.46
1.11
1.79
1.12
1.26
1.55
-
-
-
-
-
-
38.7
17.5
17.5
17.3
16.0
19.9
13.7
23.0
0.870
0.889
0.748
0.837
0.866
0.887
0.845
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.429
1.25
1.18
1.57
1.16
1.33
1.13
1.34
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
80.6
79.6
85.7
92.7
69.2
75.4
86.4
45.3
44.9
47.6
44.8
47.0
36.4
54.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.23
8.70
5.94
9.96
6.87
7.83
8.67
-
-
-
-
-
-
168
198
163
359
129
269
114
295
8.59
9.03
5.65
8.64
8.60
9.61
7.38
-
-
-
-
-
-
75.4
514
343
966
219
680
211
709
5.51
5.77
4.39
7.09
4.42
4.98
6.16
-
-
-
-
-
-
153
69.2
69.3
68.7
63.5
78.7
54.4
91.1
0.870
0.889
0.748
0.837
0.866
0.887
0.845
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.429
1.25
1.18
1.57
1.16
1.33
1.13
1.34
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
-------
Table L-2b. Benzorfrlfluoranthene (205-99-2): Range of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-2c. Benzorfrlfluoranthene (205-99-2): Estimates of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
80.6
79.6
85.7
92.7
69.2
75.4
86.4
45.3
44.9
47.6
44.8
47.0
36.4
54.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.066
0.071
0.041
0.079
0.055
0.068
0.063
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.20
1.55
1.24
2.93
0.964
2.14
0.993
2.19
0.084
0.090
0.037
0.102
0.068
0.104
0.055
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.558
4.04
2.56
111
1.69
5.34
1.91
5.51
0.041
0.044
0.031
0.051
0.035
0.040
0.043
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.08
0.516
0.523
0.486
0.452
0.618
0.431
0.636
0.908
0.932
0.726
0.907
0.903
0.939
0.878
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.455
1.30
1.22
1.67
1.21
1.36
1.22
1.37
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
80.6
79.6
85.7
92.7
69.2
75.4
86.4
45.3
44.9
47.6
44.8
47.0
36.4
54.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.260
0.280
0.163
0.315
0.219
0.270
0.249
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.75
6.14
4.93
11.6
3.82
8.48
3.93
8.67
0.334
0.358
0.145
0.405
0.268
0.414
0.219
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.21
16.0
10.2
30.8
6.71
21.2
7.58
21.8
0.164
0.174
0.123
0.203
0.138
0.158
0.172
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.30
2.05
2.07
1.93
1.79
2.45
1.71
2.52
0.908
0.932
0.726
0.907
0.903
0.939
0.878
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.455
1.30
1.22
1.67
1.21
1.36
1.22
1.37
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
"Potential Absorbed Dose" was calculated as the Potential Exposure times 50% (the assumed absorption factor into the body), divided by the subject's
body weight.
L-10
-------
Table L-2d. Benzorfrlfluoranthene (205-99-2): Range of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-3a. Benzorftlfluoranthene (207-08-9): Estimates of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
67.7
68.0
66.7
72.7
61.5
60.0
76.3
21.9
20.6
28.6
31.0
13.6
19.7
24.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.825
0.842
0.741
0.962
0.703
0.819
0.831
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17.3
14.6
29.2
11.4
23.2
11.0
24.4
0.601
0.624
0.476
0.725
0.463
0.699
0.476
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40.7
30.8
69.7
19.6
53.0
21.2
54.5
0.707
0.717
0.660
0.809
0.622
0.680
0.739
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6.10
6.05
6.33
5.40
7.07
4.98
7.70
0.502
0.515
0.438
0.536
0.449
0.530
0.471
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.26
1.20
1.53
1.20
1.31
1.15
1.34
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
67.7
68.0
66.7
72.7
61.5
60.0
76.3
21.9
20.6
28.6
31.0
13.6
19.7
24.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.27
3.34
2.94
3.81
2.79
3.25
3.30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
68.4
57.9
116
45.0
92.0
43.5
96.9
2.38
2.47
1.89
2.87
1.83
2.77
1.89
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
161
122
276
77.8
210
84.2
216
2.80
2.84
2.62
3.21
2.47
2.69
2.93
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
24.2
24.0
25.1
21.4
28.0
19.7
30.5
0.502
0.515
0.438
0.536
0.449
0.530
0.471
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.26
1.20
1.53
1.20
1.31
1.15
1.34
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
L-12
-------
Table L-3b. Benzorftlfluoranthene (207-08-9): Range of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-3c. Benzorftlfluoranthene (207-08-9): Estimates of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
67.7
68.0
66.7
72.7
61.5
60.0
76.3
21.9
20.6
28.6
31.0
13.6
19.7
24.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.026
0.027
0.021
0.029
0.023
0.028
0.024
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.540
0.448
0.955
0.337
0.744
0.388
0.714
0.024
0.025
0.012
0.030
0.017
0.030
0.013
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.28
0.937
2.26
0.598
1.67
0.801
1.66
0.021
0.022
0.019
0.023
0.019
0.022
0.021
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.180
0.181
0.178
0.152
0.220
0.156
0.213
0.558
0.580
0.425
0.613
0.515
0.600
0.512
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.31
1.23
1.64
1.25
1.35
1.25
1.37
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
67.7
68.0
66.7
72.7
61.5
60.0
76.3
21.9
20.6
28.6
31.0
13.6
19.7
24.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.102
0.106
0.082
0.117
0.090
0.110
0.093
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.14
1.78
3.79
1.34
2.95
1.54
2.83
0.094
0.101
0.048
0.120
0.067
0.120
0.053
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.08
3.71
8.95
2.37
6.63
3.17
6.59
0.084
0.086
0.074
0.092
0.077
0.086
0.082
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.715
0.717
0.704
0.603
0.871
0.619
0.844
0.558
0.580
0.425
0.613
0.515
0.600
0.512
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.31
1.23
1.64
1.25
1.35
1.25
1.37
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
"Potential Absorbed Dose" was calculated as the Potential Exposure times 50% (the assumed absorption factor into the body), divided by the subject's
body weight.
L-14
-------
Table L-3d. Benzorftlfluoranthene (207-08-9): Range of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-4a. Benzorq/i/lperylene (191-24-2): Estimates of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
79.8
81.6
71.4
92.7
67.7
73.8
86.4
1.6
1.9
0.0
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.76
1.84
1.37
1.99
1.58
1.86
1.65
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
25.4
20.7
46.6
17.3
33.5
16.1
36.0
2.00
2.11
1.33
1.62
2.31
2.44
1.38
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
64.1
37.0
129
27.7
84.9
26.5
88.9
1.21
1.25
1.02
1.51
0.991
1.16
1.26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9.87
10.0
9.20
8.70
11.4
8.30
12.0
0.806
0.820
0.731
0.744
0.825
0.882
0.718
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.19
1.11
1.53
1.15
1.24
1.08
1.29
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
79.8
81.6
71.4
92.7
67.7
73.8
86.4
1.6
1.9
0.0
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.38
6.66
4.98
7.22
5.71
6.74
5.98
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
91.9
74.9
169
62.5
121
58.3
130
7.24
7.63
4.81
5.85
8.37
8.82
5.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
232
134
467
100
307
96.0
322
4.37
4.52
3.70
5.47
3.58
4.18
4.58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
35.7
36.3
33.3
31.5
41.3
30.1
43.6
0.806
0.820
0.731
0.744
0.825
0.882
0.718
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.19
1.11
1.53
1.15
1.24
1.08
1.29
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
L-16
-------
Table L-4b. Benzorq/i/lperylene (191-24-2): Range of Potential Exposure in NC Preschool
Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Exposure in NC Preschool Children (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Inhalation
(ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Dietary
Ingestion (ng/day)
Potential Exposure
via Indirect
Ingestion (ng/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
-------
Table L-4c. Benzorq/i/lperylene (191-24-2): Estimates of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
% Detected
Arithmetic Mean
Std. Dev.
Geometric
Mean
Log Std. Dev.
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
79.8
81.6
71.4
92.7
67.7
73.8
86.4
1.6
1.9
0.0
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.056
0.060
0.037
0.061
0.053
0.064
0.047
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.793
0.636
1.50
0.516
1.07
0.559
1.06
0.074
0.079
0.034
0.064
0.083
0.095
0.037
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.02
1.12
4.10
0.848
2.67
0.962
2.76
0.036
0.038
0.029
0.043
0.031
0.037
0.035
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.292
0.300
0.258
0.245
0.355
0.260
0.333
0.854
0.879
0.696
0.788
0.905
0.941
0.754
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.25
1.16
1.64
1.21
1.28
1.18
1.32
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(pmoles/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54
79.8
81.6
71.4
92.7
67.7
73.8
86.4
1.6
1.9
0.0
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.202
0.216
0.136
0.219
0.192
0.233
0.169
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.87
2.30
5.44
1.87
3.87
2.02
3.84
0.267
0.286
0.123
0.233
0.300
0.344
0.136
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7.29
4.06
14.8
3.07
9.66
3.48
9.98
0.130
0.136
0.104
0.157
0.112
0.133
0.128
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.06
1.09
0.935
0.887
1.28
0.942
1.21
0.854
0.879
0.696
0.788
0.905
0.941
0.754
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.25
1.16
1.64
1.21
1.28
1.18
1.32
a Estimates are labeled as "detected" if any measurement entering into the calculation was detected. Thus, N specifies the number of subjects having
data entering into the summaries. Means and standard deviations are not reported when the percentage of detected estimates is below 50%.
"Potential Absorbed Dose" was calculated as the Potential Exposure times 50% (the assumed absorption factor into the body), divided by the subject's
body weight.
L-18
-------
Table L-4d. Benzorq/i/lperylene (191-24-2): Range of Potential Absorbed Dose in NC
Preschool Children. Summarized by Exposure Pathway and Strata3
Exposure/Dose
Parameter and
Pathway
Strata
N
Minimum
25th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
95th
Percentile
Maximum
Potential Absorbed Dose in NC Preschool Children (ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Inhalation
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Dietary
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Potential Absorbed
Dose via Indirect
Ingestion
(ng/kg/day)
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
Overall
Urban
Rural
Low Income
Mid/High Income
Home Children
Day Care Children
124
103
21
55
65
65
59
128
107
21
58
66
66
62
116
95
21
52
60
62
54