ToxiRAE Pro PID Citizen Science Operating Procedure


&EPA
                                         EPA/600/R-15/124
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
              TOXIRAE PRO PID
              Citizen Science
              Operating Procedure
Office of Research and Development
National Exposure Research Laboratory

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                          EPA/600/R-15/124 | May 2015 | www.epa.gov/ord
               ToxiRAE Pro PID
Citizen Science Operating Procedure
                       Ron Williams
              National Exposure Research Laboratory
               Office of Research and Development
              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
              Research Triangle Park, NC, USA 27711

                     Amanda Kaufman
                     ORISE Participant
            Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
                   Oak Ridge, TN, USA 37831

                       Sam Garvey
                 Alion Science and Technology
                Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

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 CITIZEN  SCIENCE
                                                  ToxiRAE Pro  PID
Contents
ToxiRAE Pro PID	1
What Are VOCs?	1
What You Will Need	1
Important Considerations	3
General Operation	3
  Powering On	3
  Powering Off.	3
  Running Device Self-checks	4
  Navigating the ToxiRAE Menus	4
Preparing the Device	5
  Charging the Battery	5
  Installing the Software	6
  Selecting the Measurement Gas and Units	9
Routine Data Collection	9
  Collecting Data	9
  Retrieving Data	10
  Processing Data	13
Maintenance and Troubleshooting	16
For Additional Help	17

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                                                      CITIZEN  SCIENCE
ToxiRAE Pro  PID
      ToxiRAE  Pro PID

                    The ToxiRAE Pro PID measures total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using
                    a photoionization detector (PID). This sensor can be programmed to measure
                    concentrations of a specified compound automatically and has a real-time
                    reading of VOC concentrations in parts per million (ppm) or micrograms per
                    cubic meter (ug/m3). The manufacturer states that the ToxiRAE Pro PID can
                    accurately detect and monitor more than 300 VOCs. It can operate either on its
                    internal, rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion)  battery or be plugged into a wall outlet,
                    and it can collect data for more than 12 hours on a fully charged battery. Refer
      to Figure 1 for detailed specifications. This operating procedure explains what you need to do to
      collect quality VOC data using the ToxiRAE Pro PID for your monitoring project.
      What Are VOCs?

      VOCs are common pollutants in both indoor and outdoor environments. VOCs are emitted as
      gases from many common household and office products including paints, floor wax, cleaning
      supplies, cosmetics, pesticides, building materials, home furnishings, copiers and printers,
      permanent markers, glues, and adhesives. Fuels are also made up of organic chemicals,
      increasing VOCs near roadways and urban areas. All of these products can release organic
      compounds during use and sometimes during storage and can have both short- and long-term
      adverse health effects.
      What You Will Need

         *:* ToxiRAE Pro PID sensor
         *t* Charging cradle
         <* USB cable (mini-USB to standard USB)
         <« Power cable
         *:* ProRAE Studio II software
         *!* Computer running the Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7, or Wndows 8 operating system
            with a 1  GHz Pentium processor, CD-ROM drive, 16-bit VGA monitor with resolution of
            at least 1024 x 768, 256 MB of RAM, and 10 MB of free disk space

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                                                              ToxiRAI   Pro  PID
       Dimensions
           Weight
           Batten
    Charging Time
   Operating Time
          Charger
           Alarms
           Display
  Display Backlight
           Keypnd
    Direct Readout
  Sampling Method
       Datalogging

       Calibration
         IP Rating
   Docking Station
                                                                            Figure 1
                 ToxiRAE Pro PID Specifications
                118 nun x 60 mm x 30 mm (4.6" x 2.4" x 1.2")
                235g (8.3 oz)
                Internal rechargeable Li-ion
                Less than 4 hours
                More than 12 hours on full charge (normal operation)
                Charging and PC communication cradle: AC / DC adapter with international
                prong kit (100 to 240V. 50/60 Hz AC to 12V DC)
                Multi-xmit charging station for up to 5 units (data download from one):
                AC.'DC adapter for the multi-unit charging station
                Audio alarm - 95 dB @ 30cm
                Visual alarm - 4 bright red LED lights
                Vibration alarm
                Activated display backlighting and on-screen indication of alarm conditions
                Wireless alarm notification sent to remote observers (wireless versions only)
                Monochrome dot-matnx graphical LCD display
                Manually and on alarm
                2 programming operation keys
                Real-time reading of VOC concentrations in parts per million or ing in3:
                battery status, data logging on. off status: wireless reception quality; STEL.
                TWA. and peak values: calibration and measurement gases, correction factors
                Fan-assisted diffusion
                Capacity: 3 months at 1 -minute interval
                Datalog interval: user-configurable from 1 to 3.600 seconds
                Two-point field calibration of zero and standard reference gas
                Adjustable span value
                Maintains calibration date
                IP-54
                AutoRAE 2 Automatic Test and Calibration Station
        Protection:   Password-protected calibration settings, alarm limits, and data
     Approvals
C'E Compliance
     (European
   Conformity)
     Operating
  Temperature
     Humidity
     Warrantv
                        ClassI.Di,l;Gr.AB.C.DT4

                        <*&£"* ° ABua HC T4
                    ATEX: V. «^L£ H 1G.
                          ExiaIICGaT4
                    lECEx: Ex 13 EC Ga T4
                    China: Ex la EC T4
                    EMC' directive: 2004  1 OS, EC
                    R&TTE directive: 1999 5. EC
                    ATEX directive: 94 9 EC

                    -4* to 131° F (-20° to 55° C)

                    0 to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)
                    Two years on non-consumable components (per RAE Systems Standard
                    Warranty): one year on fan. sensor, battery, and other consumable components

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ToxiRAE Pro PID
Important Considerations

<* The ToxiRAE Pro PID comes from the manufacturer pre-calibrated. Return it to the
manufacturer after 6 months for recalibration.
*t* A PID is not a selective detector, which means it has limited ability to differentiate
between compounds, and it can only roughly quantify total VOCs.
*I* The ToxiRAE Pro does not respond to certain low molecular weight hydrocarbons such
as methane and ethane. Certain toxic gases and vapors, such as carbon tetrachloride
and hydrogen cyanide, cannot be detected with a PID.
General Operation

Powering On

To turn on the ToxiRAE Pro, press the Mode key
for 3 seconds (Figure 2). Startup takes a minute or
two, during which time a series of feedback
screens are displayed. A number of icons
representing various sensor functions appear on
these screens. Some common ones that display
the operational status of the unit are listed in
Table 1. Refer to the user's guide for a complete
listing of the icons and their meanings.
Powering Off

When operating on battery power, the unit will turn
itself off when the battery is depleted. To shut down
the unit manually, press and hold the Mode key for
2 seconds to begin the 5-second countdown to
shutoff, which is accompanied by one buzzer beep
per second. You must hold your finger on the key
for the entire shutoff process. If you remove your
finger from the key during the countdown, the
shutoff operation is canceled and the ToxiRAE Pro
PID continues normal operation. Release the
Mode key when you see the message "Unit Off".
Figure 2

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ToxiRAI Pro PID
Icon Function
Table 1
111
Wireless status: radio is on

Wireless status: radio is off

Wireless strength

Battery status

Data logging status (shown when data logging is on, blank when off)

All sensors tested and calibrated according to intervals configured on the instrument

Adapted from ToxiRAE Pro user's guide.
Running Device Self-checks

On startup, the ToxiRAE Pro PID performs self-checks of its functions and alerts the user of any
errors. If you see either a "Sensor error!" or "Wrong sensor!" message, immediately shut off
the sensor by pressing and holding the Mode key for 2 seconds.
If any of the following error messages occurs, you can either shut off the instrument by pressing
the Mode key or continue to the next startup test by pressing Y/+:
*> No fan or fan error!
<* Real time clock error!
*t* Memory error!
<* Sensor changed!
*!* Failed to turn on lamp!
If any of these error messages persist after five attempts to restart the instrument, contact the
distributor from whom the instrument was purchased, or consult sections 18 through 20 of the
user's guide provided by the manufacturer.
Navigating the ToxiRAE Menus

The Mode and Y/+ keys (Figure 2) are used to scroll through the ToxiRAE menus and
submenus. The Mode key is used to move forward and backward through the menus and
downward and upward through the submenus. The Y/+ key is used to select and save options.
The functions of the keys in the submenus might also correspond to instructions directly above
the keys. For example, if it says "OK" above the Mode key, pressing Mode selects "OK".
When entering numbers, the Mode key typically selects the highlighted digit and each press of
Y/+ increases the digit by 1.

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ToxiRAE Pro PID
Preparing the Device

Before collecting data, make sure your ToxiRAE Pro unit has a fully charged battery. You must
also install the ProRAE Studio II software on a computer and configure the device to measure a
desired gas. The following procedures will guide you through preparing your device for routine
data collection.
Charging the Battery

The ToxiRAE Pro PID sensor's lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery must be fully charged prior to use. This
is done by placing the ToxiRAE Pro PID in its accompanying charging cradle as described in the
procedure below. Before placing the device into the charging cradle, visually inspect the contacts
to make sure they are clean. If they are not, wipe them with a soft, dry cloth. Do not use solvents
or cleaners.
Procedure: Charge Battery
1. Plug the power cable into the
ToxiRAE Pro's charging cradle and
then into a wall outlet.
2. Place the device into the cradle,
making sure the contacts on the
bottom of the unit meet the
charging cradle's contact pins, and
press down until the unit is locked
in place (Figure 3).
The ToxiRAE Pro PID will begin charging
automatically. The LED on the charging
cradle should glow red while charging and
turn green when charging is complete.
To remove the device from its cradle,
simply press down on the latch release on
the back of the cradle while tilting the
ToxiRAE Pro PID slightly toward the front of the cradle and lift it out

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                                                        ToxiRAI   Pro PID
Installing the Software
To retrieve data from the ToxiRAE Pro PID, the ProRAE Studio II software must first be installed
on a computer with the minimum requirements listed in "What You Will Need." Install the
ProRAE Studio II software from the CD included with the sensor using the following procedure.
 Procedure: Install Software from CD
1.  Insert the CD that accompanies
   your ToxiRAE Pro PID unit into your
   computer's CD drive tray and close
   the tray.
2.  Click 'AutoPlay' and then 'Run
   autorun.exe'.
                                     i* AutoPlay
    DVD/CD-RW Drive (D:)
    000-5007-001

0 Always do this for software and games:

  install orj;  irpgram from your media
    ^^^^^^ ^^^*^~~~
    1 Runautorun.i
                                        General epficrts
     Open folder to view files
     using Windows Explorer
                                       View more AutoPlav options in Control Panel
3.  Select the 'ProRAE Studio
   button.

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ToxiRAE Pro PID
2 ProRAE Studio n Setup
4. Click 'Next' at the bottom of the
setup Welcome screen.
Welcome
Wefcome 10 lhe«s*rhf ProRAE Studo II V1.7.0 Bu*J128
ommendeet twt you edt al Wndowa programs
before cortrrujng rttth thus riSaBabon

f you have any otNr programs runnng, pfosx dick Cancel,
dkwe the pnayams. and nn this setup again

OOwvtM. cicfc Ned Us continue.
, ProRAE Studio D Setup
5. Select your preferred language
(English is selected by default), and
then click 'Next'.
Option
Pleas* sel«t one dthefatowing opttont:

a English (Detank)
C SmptfiedQin™
5 ProRAE S
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ToxiRAI Pro PID
7. To specify the location of shortcuts
created during the software
installation, click 'Next' to select the
default location or click the drop-
down menu arrow to pick a new
location and then click 'Next'.
ProRAE Studio D Setup
Shorted Folder
Where would you Ike the shottculsto be rataled?
The shortcut icons w* be created n the folder rotated below I you dont wart to use the defaut
folder, you can Mher type a new name, or Mfect «n exams foldw from the ks
Shortcut Folder
RAE Systems hc\ProRAE a«*o II
_. ProRAE Stud ion Setup

8. Click 'Next' to begin the installation.
Ready to Install
Youn!niwn!ad/ti>nMPrDlWEStudallV1.7.0Buid12S
The folcvwig seQngs wi be used:

Imoitoklw: C:\Program BwXRAE &*em» IncXftoRAE au*o II

Shoncut folder RAE SySeira hc\Pn>RAE Studo II

Please ofck Nejl lo proceed w*h the rrfalatco
ProRAE Studio B Setup
9. When the 'Installation Successful'
screen appears, click 'Finish' to exit
the installation wizard.
Installation Successful
The ProRAE Studio IIVI 7 0 BufdlSSnaalSion a corofcse
Thyik you lor choosng ProRAE Studb II!
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ToxiRAE Pro PID
Measur
Selecting the Measurement Gas and Units

Before collecting data, you must first select the gas you want
to measure and choose the measurement units. To do this,
select the Measurement icon (Figure 4) and use its
submenus, Measurement Gas and Measurement Unit.
Measurement gases are organized in the Gas Library, which
consists of 190 compounds. Standard measurement units are
parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3).
Select the measurement gas and specify the measurement
units as follows:
1. Press Y/+ to scroll through the Gas Library until you
are on the gas you want to measure.
2. Press the Mode key to highlight Save, and press Y/+ to save the selected gas.
(Alternatively press Mode to highlight Quit and then Y/+; the newly selected gas will not
be saved.)
3. To choose the measurement unit for your selected gas, press the Mode key to highlight
either ppm or mg/m3. Press Y/+ to save your choice.
4. Press Mode until Exit is highlighted, and then press Y/+ to exit. The device will exit the
Measurement menu, and the Alarm Setting (bell with exclamation point icon) will be
highlighted.
Routine Data Collection

Collecting Data

The ToxiRAE Pro PID is set to record real-time data internally as soon as it has finished its
startup self-testing (see "General Operation"). One data point is recorded every 20 seconds.
The sampling screen (Figure 5) displays an image of a floppy disk while recording data
internally and an image of signal strength when transmitting to a receiver (see Table 1).
The ToxiRAE Pro PID records a summary report of the sensor's operational characteristics
during the data collection period along with the VOC measurements (ppm) in a text file (*.txt), as
shown in Figure 6. In this text file, the measurements recorded in 20-second intervals appear in
the Datalog section with the measurements and date/time of collection separated, or delimited,
by tabs. Most spreadsheet programs are able to read data from a text file in a delimited format.
To process the collected data, you will need to transfer the text file created by ToxiRAE Pro PID
software to spreadsheet software such as Microsoft Excel, as explained in the "Processing
Data" section.
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ToxiRAI Pro PID
PRS_EXPOI(T_201M50i.b!t - Notepad

File Edit Format View Help
14/11/05 12:35

Summary
Unit Name ToxiRAE Pro PID(PGM-1800)
Unit SN G0200003Q6
unit Firmware ver vl.66
Running Mode safety Mode
Measure Type Avg
catalog Mode continuous
catalog Type Auto
Diagnostic Mode NO
stop Reason Battery LOW
Site ID SITEOOOO
user ID U5EROOOO
Begin 2014/11/05 12:35:20
End 2014/11/05 12:53:54
sample Period(s) 20
Number of Records 55
sensor voc(ppm)
Span 100.000
Span 2 N/A
LOW Alarm 2.000
High Alarm 5.000
over Alarm 2000,000
STEL Alarm 2.500
TWA Alarm 0. 500
Measurement Gas(CF)
Calibration Time
Peak N/A
Min N/A
Average N/A
Isobutylene(l.O)
2014/06/20 13:04
Datalog
voc(ppm)
Date/Time
2014/11/05 12:3S
2014/11/05 12:36
2014/11/05 12:36
2014/11/05 12:36
2014/11/05 12:37
2014/11/05 12:37
2014/11/05 12:37
2014/11/05 12:38
2014/11/05 12:38
2014/11/05 12:38
2014/11/05 12:39
(Avg)
:40
:00

:40
:00
:20
:40
:00
:30
:40
:00
0.325
0.300
0.220
0.200
0.200
0. 200
0.200
O.JOO
0,140
0.100
0.100
Figure 6
Retrieving Data

You will need the ToxiRAE Pro charging cradle
and ProRAE Studio II software to retrieve the
collected data for processing, as described in
the following procedure.
Procedure: Retrieve Data
1.
Plug the charging cradle into power
using the included power cable and into
a computer using the included mini-USB
cable (Figure 7).
Figure 7
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ToxiRAE Pro PID
2. Insert the ToxiRAE Pro sensor into the charging cradle until it fits snuggly and the LED
indicator light on the front of the cradle lights up.
3. Power up the sensor by holding down the Mode key until the screen lights up. Wait
approximately 1 minute while the sensor completes its self-diagnostics.
4. Press the Mode key on the sensor until the message "Enter Communications and
Stop Measurement?" appears on the screen.
5. Press Y/+ once to enter communications mode. The
message "Communications Mode Ready" should
appear (Figure 8).
6. Double-click the 'ProRAE Studio
II' icon on your desktop to start the
program. The program starts and
the Login dialog box shown in Figure 9 appears.
There are three access levels for login: Basic allows
viewing only and requires no password, Data
Manager allows for reading the datalog and
configuration but does not allow changes to be made,
and Administrator has full functionality.
O Basic User (No password)

O Data Manager

0 Administrator
7. Select 'Administrator', type the password, and click 'OK' (the default password "rae"
will provide full access).
8. Next select the automatic sensor detection tool (Figure 10). It will find and access the
ToxiRAE Pro PID (Figure 11).
11
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ToxiRAI Pro PID
1 Pro RAE Studio II
Fie Operation Help
tect the instruments automatically |
Figure 10
Auto Detect
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J£ TooHAE Pro PID V1.SS G0200003Q6 COH5 19200
Figure 11
9. Then select 'Datalog' from the panel on the left and then click the 'Download AM' icon
from the row of icons shown in the resulting window (Figure 12). All data files stored on
the ToxiRAE Pro PID will be displayed in the column on the left organized by date
(Figure 13).
Figure 12
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ToxiRAE Pro PID
Data log
CwtentEvHlLOQt tin 1,1)512 35
Figure 13
10. Select the file or files to be exported and click the 'Export' icon (Figure 13) to export the
data as a text (*.txt) file. The selected files can then be imported into spreadsheet
software for processing, as described in the next section.
Processing Data

To process the data collected with the ToxiRAE Pro PID, you will need to import the text files
saved when retrieving the collected data from the sensor. Microsoft Excel 2013 is used here to
illustrate this procedure, but the process is similar in versions of Excel dating back to 2003.
Procedure: Process Data
1. Open Microsoft Excel on the computer where your data text files were downloaded.
2. In Excel, under the 'Data' tab, click 'From Text' (Figure 14).
3. Select the data text file you want to import and click 'Open'.
4. Click 'Delimited' (Figure 15) to indicate that the data are delimited and then click 'Next'
to proceed to the next Import Wizard screen.
5. On this screen, specify that the data are tab-delimited, and then click 'Next' (Figure 16).
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ToxiRAI Pro PID
HOME INSERT PAGE LAVGUT FORMULAS ^ DATA JR£VIEW VIEW DEVELOPER

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|_; PRS_EXPORT_201S0501.t«t

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Original data type
Choose the file type that best describes your data:
o ijjjelimiteei. - Characters such ss commas or tabs separate each field.
Fixed vfidth - Fields are aligned In column; with spaces between each field.
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Preview of file E:\PRS_EKTORT 20150501.txt.
i 14/11/05 12:35
A "*""""""
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Figure 15
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ToxiRAE Pro PID
Tcrt Import Wizard -Step 2
Thn screen leu you set the delimiters your data contain!. Vou can ttt how your text is affected In the
preview below.
Delimiters
J lab
1 Semicolon Li Trwt consecutive delimitersas one
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Data preview
Tertflualifier:
14/11/05 12:3S
Figure 16

6. In the Existing worksheet field, select cell A1 (Figure 17), and click 'OK' to import the
data, which will appear in the Excel worksheet, as shown in Figure 18, following the
summary information.
Select how you want to view this data in yout workbook.
US ® Table
[gj HvotTsble Report
IQJ PtvolCtiart
H) Only Create Connection
Where do you want to put the data?
* Existing worksheet
yew worksheet

Add this data to the Data Model
OK
Cancel
Figure 17
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Data log

Index
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
M
17
18
19
20
Sheetl +
^^^^™| Figure 18
p

VOC(ppm)
Date/Time (Avg)
11/5/2014 12:35 0.325
11/5/201412:36 0.3
11/5/201412:36 0,22
11/5/201412:36 0.2
11/5/201412:37 0.2
11/5/2014 12:37 0.2
11/5/2014 12:37 0.2
11/5/201412:38 0.2
11/5/2014 12:38 0.14
11/5/2014 12:38 0.1
11/5/2014 12:39 0.1
11/5/2014 12:39 0.1
11/5/201412:39 0.1
11/5/201412:40 0.1
11/5/201412:40 0.1
11/5/201412:40 0.1
11/5/2014 12:41 0.1
11/5/201412:41 0.1
11/5/201412:41 0.1
11/5/201412:42 0.1
; En
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ToxiRAI Pro PID
Maintenance and Troubleshooting

A number of routine maintenance procedures are required to keep the ToxiRAE Pro PID
collecting quality data. Regular maintenance includes replacing the battery or filter, sending the
unit for calibration, cleaning or replacing the PID, replacing the fan, and cleaning the exterior of
the device. It is highly recommended that you consult Section 17 of the user's guide for the
required frequency and procedures for maintaining the ToxiRAE Pro PID.
Section 18 of the user's guide outlines troubleshooting procedures for some common
operational problems that might be encountered with the unit. If problems persist, contact the
distributor or the RAE Systems technical support (see Section 19 of the user's guide).
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ToxiRAE Pro PID
For Additional Help

ToxiRAE Pro PID User's Guide, P/N G02-4008-000 Rev. C, March 2013. RAE Systems, Inc.,
3775 N. First St., San Jose, CA 95134-1708 USA. http://www.raesvstems.com/sites/default/
files/content/resources/Manual ToxiRAE-Pro-PID RevC 4.pdf, last accessed May 27, 2015.
ProRAE Studio II Version 1.7 User's Guide, P/N 000-4009-000, Rev F, February 2013. RAE
Systems, Inc., 3775 N. First St., San Jose, CA 95134-1708 USA.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ): Volatile
Organic Compounds (VOCs), http://www.epa.gov/iaq/voc.html, last accessed May 27, 2015.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, What Are the Six Common Air Pollutants?,
http://www.epa.gov/airqualitv/urbanair/, last accessed May 27, 2015.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA's Air Sensor Toolbox for Citizen Scientists,
http://www.epa.qov/heasd/airsensortoolbox/, last accessed May 27, 2015.
The purpose of this document is to provide general operating guidelines, and
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not assume any liability
regarding any aspect of its use. Reference herein to any specific commercial
products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by EPA. The views and opinions of authors
expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of EPA and shall not
be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. EPA assumes no
liability associated with any errors in the suggested procedures, errors
potentially made by the instrument in question, user misuse of the instruments
or data collected, or costs due to any damage the instrument might experience
under any circumstance or use. This user guide is specific to the make/model
and version number of the instrument identified in the document and is not
generalizable to any other sensor. The users should understand that they
should develop operating guidelines specific to their own research needs, and
any general document of this nature would be limited in meeting their full need.
17
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&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
PRESORTED STANDARD
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
EPA
PERMIT NO. G-35
Office of Research and Development (8101R)
Washington, DC 20460

Official Business
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$300
Recycled/Recyclable Printed on paper that contains a minimum of
50% postconsumer fiber content processed chlorine free
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