Annotated Bibliography of Source Water Protection Materials June 2003


Annotated Bibliography of Source Water
            Protection Materials
               EPA816-C-03-003
                   June 2003
                   U.S. EPA
       Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water
          Drinking Water Protection Division
                Prevention Branch

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    •i
    V
 Building EPA's Annotated
           Bibliography
of Source Water Materials
   NEW on CD
                                                                   National
                                                                 Source Water
                                                                   Protection
                                                                   Conference
                                                                        I HOT
Summer 2003 Version
Many of the entries in the bibliography were
developed or funded by EPA.  EPA is seeking
additional information  on resource materials to
expand the current the bib liography.
•      Source water protection
•      Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water
       Act Integration
•      Source water protection benefits
•      Public participation
•      Funding protection
•      Best Management Practices
•      Underground Injection Control
       Program

The bibliography will be expanded to include
additional resource materials.

Types of Resource Materials
The Bibliography has the following types of
materials:
•      fact sheets
•      reports
•      articles
•      guides
•      videos
•      brochures
•      case studies
•      regulations
•      web pages

Citations
Details for each entry include the type of
document, originator, date published, target
audience, whether funded or produced by EPA,
where to obtain a copy, and a brief summary.
                           The CD contains three formats: MS Word,
                           WordPerfect, and PDF with search functions to
                           locate information.

                           Source Water Subjects
                           The bibliography has information on the
                           following subjects:
                           Phases of Bibliography
                           Many of the resource materials included in the
                           summer 2003 version were developed or
                           funded by EPA's Office of Ground Water and
                           Drinking Water.  EPA intends to release a
                           second version that will include more materials
                           from other governmental agencies and not-for-
                           profit organizations.  Resource materials will be
                           reviewed prior to incorporating them.

                           Ultimately, it will be converted to a searchable
                           database on the EPA Source Water Website.

                           Future Updates
                           As with any information tool, this bibliography
                           will require periodic updating. EPA is
                           committed to establishing a procedure for
                           updating it on a regular basis.

                           Call for Materials
                           If you have materials to be considered for the
                           bibliography, either send them or a website
                           electronically to Marjorie Copeland at
                           copelandjori@epa.gov .

                           Office of Water (4606M)
                           June 2003
                           EPA816-F-03-010
                           www.epa.gov/safewater

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TABLE OF CONTENTS




INTRODUCTION	1




KEY TERMS	2




SOURCE WATER ASSESSMENT	3




SOURCE WATER PROTECTION	9




BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 	25




WELLHEAD PROTECTION	29




UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL	43




CLEAN WATER ACT/SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT (CWA/SDWA) INTEGRATION....51




SECURITY	55




FUNDING	55




OTHER	62

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INTRODUCTION

On the following pages is a comprehensive list of available materials on source water protection
(SWP). The documents are organized by subject area. Within each subject area, materials are
classified as technical materials, outreach materials, or programmatic guidance. Programmatic
guidance provides direction and priorities for actions. Technical guidance provides detailed
instruction on tools to assist program implementation. Outreach documents provide key
information for stakeholders on program and technical information. For each, the title, type of
document, publication date, authoring organization, and document number (if available),
availability (as of May 2003), publication date, format (e.g., report or brochure), and key terms
are presented. You can search by the subjects below or by keyword. A list of key terms are
presented on the following page. Each entry has information on how to obtain the resource
material. For EPA materials obtainable from the National Service Center for Environmental
Publications (NSCEP), contact NSCEP at:

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP)
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Telephone: (800) 490-9198
FAX: (513)489-8695

The list contains 183 unique entries. Because many items fit into more than one subject area,
there is duplication in the list below.

Listings in the bibliography are not necessarily endorsed by EPA, rather they reflect available
materials on an array of source water related subjects.

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KEY TERMS

       The bibliography may be queried by phrases including these key terms:

Wellhead Protection Guidelines
Wellhead Protection Area Delineation
SSA Designation
Sole Source Aquifer Designation
Implementing Wellhead Protection
Wellhead Protection Examples
Funding Wellhead Protection
Source Water Assessment Program
Source Water Assessments
Funding Source Water Assessments
Public Participation
Enhances State Assessment
Source Water Protection Guidelines
Implementing Source Water Protection
Source Water Protection Examples
Source Water Protection Benefits
Funding Source Water Protection
Program Status
Education and Training Materials
Underground Injection Control Regulations
Media Information on Source Water Protection
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration
Watersheds and Source Water Protection
Other EPA Programs and Source Water Protection
To search on the key word topics (or any terms in the bibliography), use the Acrobat Reader
"Find" function found under the menu Edit > Find, or by typing [CTRLJ-F.  Any word in the
bibliography document is searchable in this manner; however, the assigned key terms reflect
the most relevant topics addressed in each item.

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SOURCE WATER ASSESSMENT

Includes the following topics: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water
Assessments, Enhances State Assessment

Technical Materials

Technical Assistance Document (TAD) for Delineating "Other Sensitive Ground
Water Areas". Program Guide. 2000. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 816-R-00-016; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/tad_sensitive_gw.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States, Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water Assessments.

This TAD provides State and Regional Underground Injection Control programs
with guidance on how to identify and delineate "other sensitive ground water
areas" (OSGWAs). Exercising the option to identify and incorporate these
OSGWAs can be of great benefit in targeting a State's resources and
strengthening the overall approach to comprehensive drinking water source
protection.

Source Water Assessment Using Geographic Information Systems Guide 2000
Office of Research and Development, EPA 600-R-00-067; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/wswrd/gis.htm. Audience:
Local Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments.

This document provides guidance to states, municipalities, and public water
utilities for assessing source waters using geographic information system (GIS)
technology. The GIS platforms can be used to organize, analyze, and manipulate
available data and generate new data for source water protection areas, as well as
provide capabilities for presenting the data to the public in various forms,
including maps and tables. Included as appendices to this document are three case
studies demonstrating the use of selected GIS-based software and hydrologic
models to conduct hypothetical source water evaluations.

Delineation of Source Water Protection Areas: A Discussion for Managers; Part I,
A Conjunctive Approach for Ground Water and Surface Water Program Guide
1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-012; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, Water
Suppliers, EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Area Delineation,
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments.

This document provides combined ground-and-surface water delineation
approaches to assist states in determining the areas that should be assessed, in
order to include those areas that need heightened management of contaminant
sources. The first part of this document presents protection area boundary

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delineation approaches and methods, while the second part presents case studies
demonstrating the developments of Source Water Protection Areas, extended
Source Water Protection Areas and Source Water Protection Area segments in the
Nanticoke-Blackwater Basins in Maryland and Delaware.

Drinking Water Contaminant Source Index. Guide. 1998. Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/intro4.html. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Contamination Sources.

EPA has compiled a drinking water contaminant source index which identifies
activities that may use, produce, or release the substances listed as national
primary drinking water standards and secondary drinking water standards, as well
as Cryptosporidium. The two-part index contains both a Drinking Water
Contaminant Index, which links contaminants with potential sources, and a
Potential Source Index, which provides and alphabetical list of sources and the
contaminants that are likely to be associated with, generated by, disposed of, or
stored at that source.

Source Water Protection: A Training Manual for Communities in Nicaragua.
Guide. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/tmcn.pdf Audience: Local
Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States. Topics covered: Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing Source Water
Protection, Education and Training Materials.

This manual was used in several training sessions in Nicaragua to assist
communities in the development of their Source Water Protection (SWP)
Programs. This document is based on the United States Source Water Protection
Program, but in this manual, that program is significantly modified to be useful in
Nicaragua, and likely other countries in Central America. The major topics in the
document are: water quality and community health, benefits from Source Water
Protection, delineation of Source Water Protection areas, developing a community
source water management plan, public participation, case studies, and innovative
and alternative technologies.

Federal Index of Information Relevant to Source Water Assessment and Protection
Guide. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/feddata.html. Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Implementing Source Water Protection, Source Water Protection Examples,
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection.

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       This Federal Agency Data Index provides access to information relevant to source
       water assessment and protection efforts from the Departments of Agriculture,
       Commerce, Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services, Interior,
       Transportation, EPA, FEMA, Tennessee Valley Authority, U.S.PS, and
       Farm* A* Sy st*Home* A* Sy st.

Volunteer Stream Monitoring: A Methods Manual.  Guide.  1997. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 841-B-97-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/volunteer/stream/stream.pdf Audience: Local Officials.  Topics
covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Implementing Source Water Protection,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This document describes the role of state volunteer monitoring programs and
       discusses how managers can best organize, implement, and maintain volunteer
       programs. This manual builds on the concepts discussed in the guide for state
       managers and applies them directly to streams and rivers.

Delineation of Source-Water Protection Areas in Karst Aquifers of the Ridge and
Valley and Appalachian Plateaus Physiologic Provinces: Rules of Thumb for
Estimating the Capture Zones of Springs and  Wells.  Guide. 2002.  Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-02-015; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: NSCEP*; http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/pdfs/karstaquifers.pdf Audience:
Local Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States. Topics covered: Wellhead
Protection Area Delineation, Source Water Assessments.

       Using low-cost rules of thumb (RT) approaches which may be utilized by ground-
       water technical personnel,  this document helps to delineate the approximate
       capture zones for springs and public water-supply wells in Karst aquifers in areas
       of the Appalachian Mountains. These RT approaches may be more accurate than
       fixed-radius approaches and EPA urges Appalachian states to consider using them
       in their source-water assessments.

State Methods for Delineating Source Water Protection Areas for Surface Water
Supplied Sources of Drinking Water.  Guide.  1997.  Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-008; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, U.S.  EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Area Delineation,  Source Water Assessments.

       The EPA State Source Water Assessment and Protection Programs Guidance lays
       out the information that states need to provide about their  program before
       approval, public participation requirements, and funding available through the
       1997 Drinking Water State Revolving Fund. States will need to tap into expertise
       and information available from many sources to do the assessments. The guidance
       provides information on EPA, state, and other federal programs that relate to
       source water.

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Outreach Materials

"Ground Water in the Plains, Canyonlands, and Mountains" article for Natural
News. Article. 2001. EPA Region 8, EPA 908-R-01-012; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at:
http ://www. epa.gov/regi on08/community_resources/steward/estnatural/nnewsfallO 1 .PDF.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. National Park
Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Air Force, U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife, OSM, U.S.
Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Implementing Source Water
Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking
Water Act Integration

Update on the status of a summary of the status of groundwater in the states of
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming, written by
the Source Water/Ground Water Unit in EPA Region 8.

Protecting Drinking Water: Workbook for Tribes. Program Guide. 2000. WEF, #
5065; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.water-
ed.org/specialprojects.asp#tribalbook. Audience: Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Source Water Protection Guidelines,
Implementing Source Water Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits,
Education and Training Materials.

This publication includes background information on the importance of protecting
source water surface water and groundwater from pollution and includes a step-
by-step workplan for Tribes interested in developing a protection plan for their
drinking water. The workbook is designed to serve as a template for such
programs, with forms and tables for photocopying. It also offers a simplified
approach for assessment and protection that focuses on identifying and managing
immediate contamination threats.

Overview to Watershed Assessment: Tools for Local Stakeholders. Guide. 2001.
U.S. EPA, Office of Water Management, EPA 832-B-01-004; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/watershed-assessment/tocont.pdf. Audience:
Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes, Federal Agencies. Topics covered:
Source Water Assessment Program, Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

This set of guidelines was designed to assist local stakeholders in conducting
watershed assessments and in preparing watershed management plans by
providing recommendations to the EPA on regulatory and non regulatory options
for control of wet weather discharges in a flexible, cost-effective manner,
consistent with the Clean Water Act. This document reflects the work of the
Urban Wet Weather Flows Federal Advisory Committee and is made available by

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the EPA's Office of Wastewater Management to assist the user community in
implementing wet weather control regulations and policies.

A Guide to Federal Environmental Requirements for Small Governments. Report.
1993. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 270-K-93-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Local Officials, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, Source Water Assessment Program, Public Participation, Source Water
Protection Guidelines, Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground
Injection Control Regulations.

This document was produced by the EPA Office of Regional Operations and
State/Local Relations. It is a reference handbook intended to help local officials
become familiar with EPA requirements that may apply to their jurisdictions.

An Introduction to Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection: Workshop
Guide and Participant Materials. Guide. 1999. GWF; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://www.groundwater.org/SWAP/SWAP_title_page.htm Audience:
Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Source
Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection Guidelines, Education and Training
Materials.

These online materials are both for the presenters and participants of the "An
Introduction to Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection" Workshop.
The workshop guide can be used to educate community members about:
Requirements of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments; How states
develop plans for source water assessment and what to look for in those plans;
and how community members can get involved in the source water assessment
and protection process on the local level.

Consider the Source: A Pocket Guide to Protecting Your Drinking Water: Drinking
Water Pocket Guide #3. Guide. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 816-K-02-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment
Program, Funding Source Water Assessment, Implementing Source Water Protection,
Funding Source Water Protection.

The Guide is third in a series of pocket-sized outreach and assistance publications
from EPA's Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) designed to
heighten public awareness of the importance of protecting source waters used for
drinking water. The guide includes steps towards source water protection
awareness, and discusses Safe Drinking Water Act history, vocabulary,
regulations, and available tools, contacts, and resources. It briefly discusses
Underground Injection Control and Best Management Practice issues related to
the Safe Drinking Water Act and Source Water Assessment and Protection
Program.

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Source Water Assessment and Protection Program  Web page. 2003. EPA Region 8
Source Water/Ground Water Team; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/swap/.  Audience: General Public, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection
Guidelines.
       The EPA Region 8 gateway web page for the source water assessment and
       protection programs (SWAP) contains an overview of SWAP information and
       links relevant topics and on-line documents.

Community Involvement  in Drinking Water Source Assessments. Fact Sheet. 2000.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-025; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water Assessments,
Public Participation, Enhances State Assessment.

       This fact sheet explains the four steps of source  water assessments and how
       communities can utilize assessment information to protect their local sources of
       drinking water.

Drinking Water Quality in Indian Country:  Protecting Your Sources. Fact Sheet.
2000.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-005; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/tribe/fact.pdf Audience: Tribes.  Topics covered:
Source Water Assessments, Implementing Source Water Protection.

       The fact sheet discusses ways Tribal water supply operators can protect drinking
       water sources, including source assessment and post-assessment  steps. Outlines
       threats to drinking water and solutions. Includes a list of resources for tribes.

Programmatic Guidance

State Source Water Assessment and Protection Program Final Guidance Program
Guide. 1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-009; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/swappg.html. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.  Topics covered:
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Source  Water Protection
Guidelines.

       The guidance addresses the law's requirement that States identify the areas that
       are sources of public drinking water, assess water systems' susceptibility to
       contamination, and inform the public of the results.

EPA Memo on Disclosure of Locational Information in CCRs and Source Water
Assessments: "Sensitive Data in Consumer Confidence Reports and Source Water

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Assessments". Guide. 2001. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/sensitivedwdata.html.  Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments.

       Memo to water management division directors in all regions encouraging states
       and PWSs to protect drinking water supplies through all appropriate means. CCR
       and source water assessment to remain available to the public. Outlines the
       balance between security of PWSs and public information regarding Source
       Water Protection.

Source Water Information in Consumer Confidence Reports - EPA Guidance:  State
Implementation Guidance for the CCR Rule  Web page  2001  Office  of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-99-088; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/ccrappx.pdf  Audience: Water Suppliers,
States. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Security.

       This document provides guidance for States on  implementation of the CCR rule,
       information on Source Water Assessment Programs (SWAPs) and Susceptibility
       Determinations, and provides more detailed information on State SWAP
       programs, wellhead protection programs and other source water information
       resources.
SOURCE WATER PROTECTION

Includes the following topics:  Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing
Source Water Protection Source Water Protection Examples, Promoting Source Water
Protection  Benefits

Technical Materials

Training Materials on Source Water Protection BMP Practices. Web page.  2002.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/ematerials.html#SWP;
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/swpbull.html.  Audience: Business, Local
Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.  Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection
Benefits, Best Management Practices, Education and Training Materials, Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       Many of EPA's source water protection training materials are available for
       download at these web sites. EPA has developed training materials on best
       management practices  (BMPs) and other measures for protecting drinking water
       supplies. The materials are divided into two parts: a training module in Microsoft
       PowerPoint format  at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic.html  and a

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series of more detailed source water protection "practices bulletins" by specific
potential contaminant sources.

This manual was used in several training sessions in Nicaragua to assist
communities in the development of their Source Water Protection (SWP)
Programs. This document is based on the United States Source Water Protection
Program, but in this manual, that program is significantly modified to be useful in
Nicaragua, and likely other countries in Central America. The major topics in the
document are: water quality and community health, benefits from Source Water
Protection, delineation of Source Water Protection areas, developing a
community source water management plan, public participation, case studies, and
innovative and alternative technologies.

Introduction to EPA's Drinking Water Source Protection Programs. Web page.
2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/presentations/swp/swp.pdf
Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics
covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines.

This EPA Drinking Water Academy module provides an overview of one aspect
of drinking water programs with a very strong connection to watershed
management: the protection of potential groundwater and surface water sources
for potable water supplies. In particular the module emphasizes state and local
protection for source water areas and describes how these relate to the Safe
Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act.

This Federal Agency Data Index provides access to information relevant to source
water assessment and protection efforts from the Departments of Agriculture,
Commerce, Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services, Interior,
10

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Transportation, EPA, FEMA, Tennessee Valley Authority, U.S.PS, and
Farm* A* Sy st/Home* A* Sy st.

Preliminary Data Summary: Airport Deicing Operations (Revised). Report. 2000.
U.S. EPA, EPA 821-R-00-016; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/guide/airport/index.html. Audience: Airports. Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Contamination Sources, Watersheds
and Source Water Protection.

Provides information about the air transportation industry and best practices being
employed for aircraft and airfield deicing operations along with information about
the collection, containment, recovery, and treatment of wastewaters containing
deicing agents.

Protecting Water Quality in Urban Areas: Best Management Practices for Dealing
with Storm Water Runoff. Guide. 2000. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/pubs/sw-
bmpmanual.html. Audience: Local Officials, General Public. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection, Best Management Practices, Watersheds and
Source Water Protection.

This manual is designed to help local government officials, urban planners,
developers and citizens become aware of urban nonpoint pollution problems and
to provide detailed information about management practices to help prevent and
control nonpoint pollution.

Urban Best Management Practices for Nonpoint Source Pollutioa Guide. 1999.
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://deq.state.wy.us/wqd/watershed/92171.pdf Audience: Industry, Local
Officials, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

This "Best Management Practices" document is designed to provide a series of
conservation practices. This document can be used as a guide for municipalities,
private individuals and industries who are conducting day to day management
activities in urban or suburban situations. When selected and applied properly,
these urban best management practices (BMPs) will result in maintaining the
existing beneficial uses of water resources and reducing adverse effects and water
quality degradation.

Storm Water Fact Sheet: Non-Storm Water Discharges to Storm Sewers Fact
Sheet. 1999. U.S. EPA, EPA 832-F-99-022; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/nonstorm.pdf Audience: Industry. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection, Watersheds and Source Water Protection.
11

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Programs to identify and eliminate non-storm water discharges to storm sewers
are an important and very cost-effective Best Management Practices for
improving runoff water quality. The fact sheet discusses the applicability,
advantages and disadvantages, key components, implementation and costs of
these programs. A list of references and additional sources of information is
provided.

Combined Sewer Overflow Management Fact Sheet: Pollution Prevention Fact
Sheet. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 832-F-99-038; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/pollutna.pdf
Audience: Local Officials. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Contamination Sources, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection.

Pollution Prevention Best Management Practices can reduce both the volume of
pollutants entering a Combined Sewer System (CCS) and the number of
Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) that occur during storm water runoff events.
Specific Best Management Practices discussed are: waste reduction and
recycling, commercial/Industrial pollution prevention, street cleaning, catch basin
maintenance, water conservation, fertilizer and pesticide control, and erosion and
sediment control at construction sites.

Collection Systems O&M Fact Sheet: Proper Operation and Maintenance. Fact
Sheet. 1999. U.S. EPA, EPA 832-F-99-031; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/sewcl.pdf Audience: Local Officials. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection.

The fact sheet examines common sewer cleaning methods and discusses their
applicability, advantages and disadvantages, performance, and costs. A list of
references and additional sources of information are included.

Volunteer Stream Monitoring: A Methods Manual. Guide. 1997. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 841-B-97-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/volunteer/stream/stream.pdf Audience: Local Officials. Topics
covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Implementing Source Water Protection,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

This document describes the role of volunteer monitoring state programs and
discusses how managers can best organize, implement, and maintain volunteer
programs. This manual builds on the concepts discussed in the guide for state
managers and applies them directly to streams and rivers.

Watershed Protection Techniques: A Quarterly Bulletin on Urban Watershed
Restoration and the Protection Tools. Article. 1994. EPA/Center for Watershed
Protection; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/wpt/vollno2.html. Audience: General Public, U.S. EPA
12

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Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

This quarterly bulletin includes features on stormwater runoff quality, urban best
management practices, wetland creation and restoration, and wetland research.
The bulletin also describes available resources for protecting watersheds.

Xeriscape Landscaping: Preventing Pollution and Using Resources Wisely.
Brochure. 1993. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 840-B-93-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Homeowners, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
Protection, Best Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This booklet describes xeriscaping and its many benefits, cites some successful
examples, and provides a short bibliography. Xeriscaping saves water, prevents
pollution, and protects the environment by employing designs and plants suited to
the locale.

"Septic Systems: Operation and Maintenance of On-site Sewage Disposal Systems"
in Land and Water: Conserving Natural Resources in Illinois. Article. 1989. Bicki,
TJ. and D.G. Peterson; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://hermes.ecn.purdue.edu/cgi/convwqtest71w-15.il.ascii. Audience: Homeowners.
Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Contamination Sources,
Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

This article outlines proper operation and maintenance for on-site sewage disposal
systems to ensure system longevity and to protect ground water and surface
water. The document describes septic tank/soil absorption systems, types of
absorption fields, and alternative systems.

Buffer Protection and Management Ordinance, Baltimore County, MD. Regulation
No date. Baltimore County Environmental Protection and Resource Management; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/ordinance/documents/A2a-Baltimore.pdf Audience:
Local Officials. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This ordinance notice details the criteria required of the vegetated buffer strips in
Baltimore County in forested, residential, and industrial areas.
Model Ordinances to Protect Local Resources: Storm Water Control Operation and
Maintenance. Article. No date. U.S. EPA Office of Water, EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/ordinance/stormwater.htm Audience:
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Local Officials, General Public.  Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This web page includes model ordinance language, which focuses primarily on
       the maintenance of stormwater best management practices.  Additionally, the site
       provides elements of design, routine maintenance, and inspections.

Model Ordinances to Protect Local Resources: Links.  Web page. No date. U.S. EPA
Office of Water; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/ordinance/links.htm Audience:  Local Officials, General
Public.  Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection

       This web page provides links to helpful resources and other real-life example
       ordinances to  reference.

Model Ordinances to Protect Local Resources  Web page No date EPA/Center for
Watershed Protection; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/ordinance/index.htm. Audience: Local Officials.  Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection

       This web page provides information for local governments  to develop effective
       resource protection ordinances. The site provides model ordinances to use as a
       template. For  each model ordinance listed, several real-life  examples of
       ordinances and support materials (such as maintenance agreements and inspection
       checklists) are included.

Pesticide Characteristics that Affect Water Quality.  Article. No date. Texas A&M,
Texas Agricultural Extension Service; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://insects.tamu.edu/extension/bulletins/water/water_01 .html.  Audience: Farmers,
General Public. Topics covered: Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits,
Contamination Sources, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This publication outlines and explains several factors to consider when assessing
       a pesticide's potential for affecting  water quality.

Water Quality and Agriculture Status, Conditions, and Trends  Report  No date
U.S. Department of Agriculture; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/land/pubs/wq.pdf Audience: Farmers. Topics
covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing Source Water Protection,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

       This publication documents the national and regional status of and trends in water
       quality from the early 1980s to the  early 1990s. It sets the stage for subsequent
       analysis of projected resource  conditions under alternative social, economic, and
       environmental policies.
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Outreach Materials

Source Water Assessment and Protection Program Web page. 2003. EPA Region 8
Source Water/GW Team; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/swap/. Audience: General Public, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection Guidelines.

The EPA Region 8 gateway web page for the source water assessment and
protection programs (SWAP) contains an overview of SWAP information and
links relevant topics and on-line documents.

Case Studies of Local Source Water Protection Programs: 22 Studies Available.
Case Study. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/casesty/casestudy.html. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Source Water Protection Examples.

Examples of effective local Source Water Protection programs. Case studies span
varying community sizes, locations, and sources of drinking water. Scroll down
menu provides means of selection.

Protect Your Family. Test Your Well's Water Quality Today. A Guide to Water
Quality Testing for Private Wells (New Hampshire specific and Massachusetts
specific versions). Brochure. 2002. EPA New England / NH DES; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.state.ma.us/dep/brp/dws/files/mapwell2.pdf Audience: General Public.
Topics covered: Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Education and Training
Materials.
15

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       This pamphlet provides an overview on the importance of, how, and when of
       private well testing, including recommended tests and contacts information.

"Ground Water in the Plains, Canyonlands, and Mountains" article for Natural
News. Article.  2001.  EPA Region 8, EPA 908-R-01-012; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region08/community_resources/steward/estnatural/nnewsfallO 1 .PDF.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. National Park
Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Air Force, U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife, OSM, U.S.
Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management.  Topics covered:  Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Implementing Source Water
Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking
Water Act Integration

       Update on the status of a summary of the status of groundwater in the states of
       Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,  South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming, written by
       the Source Water/Ground Water Unit in EPA Region 8.

Plaistow NH Source Water Protection Plan Report 2001 NRWA;EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/plaistow.html. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,
Source Water Protection Examples.

       Plaistow, New Hampshire  is implementing  an Area-wide Source Water Protection
       Plan, prepared by their Committee with the assistance of the Northeast Rural
       Water Association. The plan encompasses 51 PWSs within the town's boundaries,
       all of which draw their drinking water  from ground water sources. These include
       larger community water supplies (19) as well as smaller transient systems. In
       addition, many Plaistow residents are served by private wells. The plan identifies
       and outlines a structured approach to managing potential sources of contamination
       and threatening activities that  occur within the Source Water Protection  area.

Drinking Water Protection Begins at Home. Fact Sheet. 2000.  Farm*A*Syst; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.uwex.edu/farmasyst/products/nationgw.pdf  Audience:  Homeowners,
General Public,  U.S. EPA Regions. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
Protection

       English and Spanish versions  of a pamphlet reviewing threats to drinking water
       sources and household tips to  drinking water pollution prevention.

Drinking Water Quality in Indian Country: Protecting Your Sources. Fact Sheet.
2000. Office of  Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-005; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
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http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/tribe/fact.pdf  Audience:  Tribes.  Topics covered:
Source Water Assessments, Implementing Source Water Protection

       The fact sheet discusses ways Tribal water supply operators can protect drinking
       water sources, including source assessment and post-assessment steps. Outlines
       threats to drinking water and solutions. Includes a list of resources for tribes.

MTBE Farm*A*Syst Brochure: Drinking Water and MTBE: A Guide for Private
Well Owners. Brochure. 2000. EPA/Farm*A*Syst, EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.uwex.edu/farmandhome/wqpaap/pdf/mtbe.pdf  Audience:
Farmers,  Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers.  Topics covered:
Implementing Wellhead Protection, Implementing Source Water Protection, Education
and Training Materials.

       This brochure provides private well owners with basic information about the
       gasoline additive chemical methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), including how to
       assess your household's exposure risk (checklist) and what to do if you have
       MTBE contamination, and how to protect your drinking water from potential
       MTBE pollution.

Protecting Drinking Water: County Partnerships that Work. Report. 2000. NACo;
EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http: //www. naco. org/Templ ate. cfm? S ecti on=techni cal_as si stance&tem
plate=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=4742. Audience: Local
Officials, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Implementing  Source Water Protection,
Source Water Protection Examples, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits.

       Profiles of counties working through watershed protection partnerships and
       agreements to protect their drinking water.

Protecting Drinking Water: Workbook for Tribes. Program Guide. 2000. WEF, #
5065; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes.  Available at: http://www.water-
ed.org/specialprojects.asp#tribalbook. Audience: Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Source Water Protection  Guidelines,
Implementing Source Water Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits,
Education and Training Materials.

       This publication includes background information on the importance of protecting
       surface water and groundwater source water from pollution and includes a step-
       by-step workplan for Tribes interested in developing a protection plan for their
       drinking water. The workbook is designed to serve as a template for such
       programs, with forms and tables for photocopying. It also offers a simplified
       approach for assessment and protection that focuses on identifying and managing
       immediate contamination threats.
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Source Protection: A National Guidance Manual for Surface Water Supplies
Guide. 2000. NEIWPCC; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.neiwpcc.org/sp.html. Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection

       The manual includes new Safe Drinking Water Act requirements, information on
       microbial and disinfection rules, case studies from across the country, new
       funding and implementation assistance information, and an expanded chapter on
       source protection, planning, and implementation.

A Small Town Source Water Primer. Guide.  1999.  Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water/ NCSC; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.lgean.org/html/whatsnew.cfm?id=58. Audience: Local Officials,  General
Public, Water Suppliers.  Topics covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines.

       This guide provides information on protecting drinking water supplies, including
       information on how the  1996 amendments to the federal Safe Drinking Water Act
       (SOWA) affect this protection  effort. The guide details the role of local elected
       and appointed officials in maintaining safe drinking water supplies, explains how
       to gain public support for source water protection, and examines the newly-
       required state source water assessment programs.

An Introduction to Drinking Water  Source Assessment and Protection: Workshop
Guide and Participant Materials.  Guide.  1999.  GWF; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.groundwater.org/SWAP/SWAP_title_page.htm  Audience:
Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Source
Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection Guidelines, Education and Training
Materials.

       These online materials are both for the presenters and participants of the "An
       Introduction to Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection" Workshop.
       The workshop guide can be used to educate community members about:
       requirements of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments; how states
       develop plans for source water assessment and what to look for in those plans;
       and how community members  can get involved in the source water assessment
       and protection process on the local level.

Protecting Sources of Drinking Water: Selected Case Studies in Watershed
Management. Case Study.  1999.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA
816-R-98-019; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/swpcases.pdf Audience: Local Officials,  General
Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
Protection,  Source Water Protection Examples, Assess Program Status, Watersheds and
Source Water Protection
                                       18

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This document presents case studies of 17 drinking water systems committed to
extensive efforts to incorporate source water management and protection as an
integral part of their business of providing safe drinking water to their customers.
The authors provide snapshots of lessons learned in implementing four aspects of
source water protection: partnerships, watershed assessment, watershed land use
management, and land acquisition.

Safe Drinking Water Act, Section 1429: Ground Water Report to Congress. Report.
1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA-816-R-99-016; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*;
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/gwr/fmalgw.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States.
Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Assess Program Status.

This report reviews the status and effectiveness of state ground water programs
and examines our nation's approach to protecting ground water. This report
presents the findings that EPA has developed in consultation with a work group of
state ground water managers, the Ground Water Protection Council, the
Association of State and Interstate Water Pollution Control Administrators, and
the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators regarding how our federal
and state ground water protection programs can more effectively prevent ground
water contamination problems in the future.

The Consequences of Urban Storm Water Pollution Guide. 1999. Natural
Resources Defense Council. Storm Water Strategies; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://www.nrdc.org/water/pollution/storm/chap3.asp. Audience: Local
Officials, General Public, Topics covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

The stormwater case studies collected in this report describe and evaluate actually
implemented stormwater control projects and programs from across the United
States. All the case studies are, in at least some major way, successful. They show
on a practical level that stormwater management works -- that municipalities in all
regions of our country have implemented environmentally effective, economically
advantageous, and politically feasible stormwater pollution measures. Chapter
three reviews the environmental, economic, and community impacts of urban
stormwater pollution.

Source Water 2000 - National Center for Small Communities Report 1998 NCSC;
EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.natat.org/ncsc/Pubs/Source%20Water/source_water_2000.htm. Audience:
Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Implementing Source
Water Protection

This resource guide for local leaders discusses source water assessment
procedures; the role that both local government and citizen groups play in water
quality protection and funding initiatives; and the process through which a typical
19

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       rural water system collects, treats and distributes drinking water. The guide
       concludes with a summary of additional programs and strategies that will help
       increase public, private and community involvement in the planning and
       development of effective local source water protection efforts.

Water On Tap: A Consumer's Guide to the Nation's Drinking Water.  Report.  1997.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA B15-K-97-002; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/wot/wot.html.
Audience: General Public.  Topics covered: Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits,
Education and Training Materials.

       This booklet provides answers to many questions (including: how safe is my
       drinking water? where does my drinking water come from, and how does it get to
       my home? what can I do to protect my drinking water?). It describes changes in
       the Safe Drinking Water Act that will make new information available to
       consumers in the near future. This booklet also describes more detailed sources of
       information to help citizens become active participants in ensuring the quality of
       their drinking water.

Source Water Protection: Protecting Drinking Water Across the Nation. Report.
1995. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-95-005; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Tribes.  Topics covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines, Source Water
Protection Examples, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits.

       This report expands the concept of wellhead protection to include surface water
       sources of drinking water. Source water protection is a community-based
       approach to protecting sources of drinking water from contamination. The
       document addresses the three R's of the program: restore the public's right and
       responsibility to protect their drinking water, raise public confidence in their
       drinking water  supply, and reduce the costs  of providing safe drinking water.

The Clean Water State Revolving Fund: Financing America's Environmental
Infrastructure — A Report of Progress.  Report.  1995. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 832-R-95-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NTIS.
Audience: Local Officials,  U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection, Funding Source Water Protection,  Assess
Program Status, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       This report provides information on the accomplishments of the national Clean
       Water State Revolving Fund (SRF) program, the level of federal and state
       investment, how the program works, how communities benefit from the program,
       and the types of projects funded.  The SRF was established under a mandate in the
       1987 amendments to the Clean Water Act. Under this innovative program, states
       created revolving loan funds to provide independent and permanent sources of
                                       20

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low-cost financing for a range of environmental infrastructure projects. By 1995,
all fifty states and Puerto Rico had set up SRF programs.

This document was produced by the EPA Office Of Regional Operations and
State/Local Relations. It is a reference handbook intended to help local officials
become familiar with EPA requirements that may apply to their jurisdictions.

Nonpoint Source Pollution - Runoff of Rain and Snowmelt, Our Biggest Water
Quality Problem Article. 1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA
841-N-91-100; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: U.S. EPA History Office -
2822T 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20460 (202) 566-1472.
Audience: Teachers, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
Protection, Watersheds and Source Water Protection, U.S. National Park Service
Program

This article, from the EPA Journal (Nov./Dec. 1991. Vol. 17, no. 5), extensively
covers the nonpoint source pollution issues. Included in the article are topics
ranging from the problems to actions that individuals can take around the home.

Crosscurrents: The Water We Drink. Report. 1989. LWV; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: $4.95 from: League of Women Voters, 1730 M Street NW,
Washington, DC 20036 (202) 429-1965. Audience: General Public. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection, Education and Training Materials.

This document details the results of surveys from nearly 600 local water utility
officials and 49 state drinking water administrators. The survey asked state
drinking water administrators and local water utility officials to gauge the impact
of the 1986 Safe Drinking Water Act amendments. Ninety-eight percent of local
utility respondents reported trihalomethane levels below the then-current EPA
standards. However, 25% of those utilities exceeded more stringent standards
expected to be imposed in the future. One-third of local utilities felt that current
rate structures were inadequate to fund needed capital improvements needed.

Backyard Conservation: Bringing Conservation from the Countryside to your
Backyard. Fact Sheet. No date. U.S. Department of Agriculture; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/feature/backyard/.
Audience: Homeowners, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
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Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Education and Training
Materials, Conservation

       This Natural Resources Conservation Service program shows you how
       conservation practices that are used on agricultural land across the country to
       conserve and improve natural resources can be adapted for use on the land around
       your home. Ten conservation practices have been scaled down into tip sheets
       offering "how to" steps and helpful hints for homeowners and city residents to use
       in their yards.

Drinking Water Pollution Prevention and Public Health: A Matrix for Disease
Prevention and Environmental Protection Fact Sheet. No date. National Association
of County and City Health Officials, 742-F-97-004; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/library/pdfs/drinkwaterpublichealth.pdf
Audience: Local Officials, General Public.  Topics covered: Promotes Source Water
Protection Benefits.

       This fact sheet helps local health officials understand how environmental factors
       affect health.  It also provides strategies for protecting public health and the
       environment by safeguarding the nation's water supply. This fact sheet clarifies
       the relationship between pollution prevention, drinking water, and public health.

Newsletter - Notes from Underground. Article. No date. EPA Region 9; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region09/water/underground/notes/. Audience: Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers,  States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, SSA Designation, Wellhead Protection Examples, Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       This newsletter is published by EPA Region 9's Ground Water Office. Its purpose
       is to bring information about source water protection, underground injection
       control, and related compliance and public water supply issues to injection well
       operators, the public water supply industry, other regulators, and the general
       public.

Non-Point Pollution Prevention—Homeowner.  Guide.  No date.  South Jersey
Resource Conservation and Development Council; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://www.sjrcd.org/ce/erosion3.htm.  Audience: Homeowners, General
Public.  Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,  Watersheds and Source
Water Protection

       These management measures are intended to prevent and  reduce nonpoint source
       pollutant loadings generated from a variety of activities within urban areas and
       not addressed by other management measures.  The document describes everyday
                                        22

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activities that have the potential to contribute to nonpoint source pollutant
loadings.

Poison in the Grass: The Hazards and Consequences of Lawn Pesticides Report
No date. Toxic Alert; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.eisc.ca/poison_in_the_grass.htm Audience: Homeowners, General Public,
Topics covered: Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Contamination Sources,
Education and Training Materials.

This document reports facts about the use of lawn chemicals and pesticides. It
addressed questions about safety hazards and environmental consequences.

Pollution Prevention Fact Sheet: Animal Waste Collection Fact Sheet No date The
Center for Watershed Protection, Storm Water Manager's Resource Center; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/polk/water/learning/petwaste.pdf Audience:
Homeowners, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,
Best Management Practices, Education and Training Materials, Watersheds and Source
Water Protection

This fact sheet pinpoints animal waste collection as a pollution source. The
presence of pet waste in stormwater runoff has a number of implications for urban
stream water quality (especially, with regard to fecal bacteria. Control of this
waste involves a combination of educational outreach and enforcement practices
to encourage residents to clean up after their pets.

Steps for Maintaining Healthy Lawns and Quality Waters. Web page. No date.
University of Wisconsin Extension; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://clean-water.uwex.edu/pubs/stewards/Y001.pdf Audience: Homeowners. Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

This fact sheet for yard care activities addresses methods for preventing pollution
impacts on the quality of nearby lake waters.

Tapping Your Own Resources: A Decision-Maker's Guide for Small Town Drinking
Water. Guide. No date. National Center for Small Communities; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.natat.org/ncsc/Pubs/Environment2.htm. Audience: Local Officials.
Topics covered: Public Participation, Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing
Source Water Protection, Education and Training Materials.

This guide is intended for small system owners and managers who are seeking to
understand the flexibility available under the Safe Drinking Water Act
amendments. The focus is on decision-making, not technology; delegation of
responsibilities, not operational details; and reliance on self-help and technical
23

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assistance initiatives before seeking outside funding for managing systems that
can continue to supply safe, affordable drinking water for most small and rural
communities.

Programmatic Guidance

National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from
Agriculture. Guide. 2000. North Carolina State University Water Quality Group; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/agmm/. Audience:
Farmers, Local Officials, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Implementing Source Water Protection, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection, U.S. National Park Service Program.

This document is a final draft technical guidance and reference document for use
by State, local, and Tribal managers in the implementation of nonpoint source
pollution management programs. It contains information on the best available,
economically achievable means of reducing pollution of surface and ground water
from agriculture.

Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices.
Report. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 821-R-99-012; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ost/stormwater/. Audience:
Business, Local Officials. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This report, conducted by OST's engineering and analysis division, summarizes
existing information and data regarding the effectiveness of best management
practices (BMPs) to control and reduce pollutants in urban storm water. The study
provides a synopsis of what is currently known about the expected costs and
environmental benefits of Best Management Practices, and identifies information
gaps as well. Parsons Engineering Science, Inc, Limno-tech, Inc. and the Center
for Watershed Protection helped prepare this document.

Enforceable State Mechanisms for the Control of Nonpoint Source Water Pollution
Report. 1997. OWOW/ Environmental Law Institute, X-825472-01; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/elistudy/.
Audience: States. Topics covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing
Source Water Protection, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This study examined the laws of the fifty states, Puerto Rico, and the District of
Columbia to identify and analyze enforceable mechanisms for the control of
nonpoint source water pollution. The study found many enforceable mechanisms
in state law, and also found that there is great variability in such authorities. In the
absence of any federal legislative or regulatory norm, the states have exhibited
great diversity in their legislation. This report demonstrates the great diversity of
state legislation imposing enforceable mechanisms. It identifies the kinds of
24

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       responses that state and federal decision makers can draw upon in filling gaps and
       dealing with remaining water quality problems in the nonpoint source context.

State Source Water Assessment and Protection Program Final Guidance Program
Guide. 1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-009; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/swappg.html. Audience:  Business, Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S.  EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Source Water Protection
Guidelines.

       The guidance addresses the law's requirement that States identify the areas that
       are sources of public drinking water, assess water systems' susceptibility to
       contamination, and inform the public of the results.

Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in
Coastal Waters.  Guide. 1993.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA  840-
B-92-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/index.html. Audience: Local officials, States.
Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best Management Practices,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This manual provides definitions and descriptions of management measures for
       agriculture, forestry, urban areas, marinas and recreational boating, channel
       modification, erosion  control, wetlands, and vegetated treatment systems. It also
       provides techniques to monitor water quality.

Storm Water Management for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution
Prevention Plans and BMPs. Guide.  1992. U.S. EPA, Office of Wastewater
Management, EPA 832-R-92-006; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://cfpub. epa.gov/npdes/pkeyword. cfm?keywords=Storm+Water+Management+for+I
ndustrial+Activities&program_id=0. Audience: Industry, Local Officials, States.  Topics
covered: Source Water Protection Guidelines, Implementing Source Water Protection

       This document provides industrial facilities with comprehensive guidance on
       developing stormwater pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) requirements for
       industrial (non-construction) activity under the NPDES Storm Water Program.
       The guide includes worksheets, checklists, and a sample  Stormwater pollution
       prevention plan. The document also identifies appropriate Best Management
       Practices.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

Technical Materials
                                       25

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Training Materials on Source Water Protection Best Management Practice
Practices.  Web page. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/emateri als.html#SWP;
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/swpbull.html. Audience: Business, Local
Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.  Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection
Benefits, Best Management Practices, Education  and Training Materials, Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       Many of EPA's source water protection training materials are  available for
       download at these web sites. EPA has developed training materials on best
       management practices (Best Management Practices) and other measures for
       protecting  drinking water supplies. The materials are divided into two parts: a
       training module in Microsoft PowerPoint  format at
       http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic.html and a series of more detailed
       source water protection "practices bulletins" by specific potential contaminant
       sources.

Protecting Water Quality in Urban Areas: Best Management Practices  for Dealing
with Storm Water Runoff.  Guide.  2000. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, EPA
Developed/Funded: No.  Available at: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/pubs/sw-bmp
manual.html. Audience: Local Officials, General Public.  Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best Management Practices,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This manual is designed to help local government officials, urban planners,
       developers and citizens become aware of  urban nonpoint pollution problems and
       to provide  detailed information about management practices to help prevent and
       control nonpoint pollution.

Urban Best Management Practices for Nonpoint Source Pollution  Guide.  1999.
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality; EPA Developed/Funded: No.
Available at: http://deq.state.wy.us/wqd/watershed/92171.pdf Audience: Industry, Local
Officials, General  Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This "Best Management Practices" document is designed to provide a series of
       conservation practices. This document can be used as a guide  for municipalities,
       private individuals and industries who are conducting day to day management
       activities in urban or suburban situations.  When selected and applied properly,
       these urban best management practices (BMPs) will result in maintaining the
       existing beneficial uses of water resources and reducing adverse effects and water
       quality degradation.
                                       26

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Combined Sewer Overflow Management Fact Sheet: Pollution Prevention Fact
Sheet. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 832-F-99-038; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/pollutna.pdf
Audience: Local Officials. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices, Contamination Sources, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

Xeriscape Landscaping: Preventing Pollution and Using Resources Wisely
Brochure. 1993. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 840-B-93-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Homeowners, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water
Protection, Best Management Practices, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This ordinance notice details the criteria required of the vegetated buffer strips in
Baltimore County in forested, residential, and industrial areas.

Reducing the Risk of Ground Water Contamination by Improving Pesticide Storage
and Handling. Article. No date. Texas A&M, Texas Agricultural Extension Service;
EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://soilcrop.tamu.edu/publications/pubs/b6025.pdf Audience: Farmers. Topics
covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection, Best
Management Practices.

This guide addresses proper pesticide management as an important tool in
preventing ground water contamination. It provides pollution prevention
information for the following areas: pesticide storage, mixing and loading
27

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       practices, spill clean up, container disposal, other management practices. The
       document also provides an evaluation table and pesticide teachability charts.

Reducing the Risk of Ground Water Contamination by Improving Fertilizer
Storage and Handling.  Article.  No date.  Texas Agricultural Extension Service; EPA
Developed/Funded: No.  Available at:
http://soilcrop.tamu.edu/publications/pubs/b6026.pdf Audience: Farmers. Topics
covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection, Best
Management Practices.

       This bulletin addresses that effects of improper fertilizer handling on ground
       water. Problems occur when nitrogen seeps through the soil and into ground
       water. The document emphasizes pollution prevention and covers the following
       topics: building new storage facilities; modifying existing facilities; mixing and
       loading practices; spills and container disposal; other management factors. The
       document also provides an evaluation table for analyzing specific facilities.

Outreach Materials

What Role Does Your Business Have in Protecting Drinking Water Sources? Guide.
2000. U.S. EPA, New England (Region 1), EPA-901-F-00-001; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/regionl/eco/drinkwater/pdfs/sourcewater.pdf
Audience: Business, General Public.  Topics covered: Best Management Practices,
Contamination Sources, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This brochure is written for businesses and explains the Source Water Assessment
       Program and how it may relate to businesses. It includes common sense tips for
       minimizing negative drinking water impacts from business activities is included.

Best Management Practices for Protecting Groundwater  Fact sheet  1992  Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-036; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf Audience: Business, Local
Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead
Protection, Best Management Practices.

       This series of fact sheets lists best management practices  (BMPs) developed for
       12 facilities and industries. The Best Management Practices focus on well closure
       and alternative disposal methods.

Pollution Prevention Fact Sheet: Animal Waste Collection Fact Sheet. No date.   The
Center for Watershed Protection, Storm Water Manager's Resource Center; EPA
Developed/Funded: No.  Available at:
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/polk/water/learning/petwaste.pdf Audience:
Homeowners, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection,
Best Management Practices, Education and Training Materials, Watersheds and Source
Water Protection
                                       28

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       This fact sheet pinpoints animal waste collection as a pollution source. The
       presence of pet waste in stormwater runoff has a number of implications for urban
       stream water quality (especially, with regard to fecal bacteria. Control of this
       waste involves a combination of educational outreach and enforcement practices
       to encourage residents to clean up after their pets.

Programmatic Guidance

Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices.
Report. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 821-R-99-012; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/ost/stormwater/. Audience:
Business, Local Officials.  Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best
Management Practices,  Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

       This report, conducted by OST's engineering and analysis division, summarizes
       existing information and data regarding the effectiveness  of best management
       practices (BMPs) to control and reduce pollutants in urban storm water. The study
       provides a synopsis of what is currently known about the  expected costs and
       environmental benefits of Best Management Practices, and identifies information
       gaps as well. Parsons Engineering Science, Inc, Limno-tech, Inc. and the Center
       for Watershed Protection helped prepare this document.

Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in
Coastal Waters.  Guide.  1993.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 840-
B-92-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/index.html. Audience: Local officials,  States.
Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Best Management Practices,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This manual provides definitions and descriptions of management measures for
       agriculture, forestry, urban areas, marinas and recreational boating, channel
       modification,  erosion control, wetlands, and vegetated treatment systems. It also
       provides techniques to monitor water quality.
WELLHEAD PROTECTION

Includes the following topics:  Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Wellhead
Protection Area Delineation,  SSA Designation, Implementing
Wellhead Protection, Wellhead Protection Examples

Technical Materials
Potential Sources of Drinking Water Contamination Index. Web page. 2003. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
                                       29

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http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/intro4.html. Audience: States, Tribes. Topics
covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Contamination Sources.

This chart lists some potential facilities and activities where one might find the
contaminants controlled by primary and secondary drinking water standards. A
listed contaminant does not always occur at the associated source, nor does the list
encompass all contaminants that may be present. Sources are divided into four
major categories: Commercial/Industrial, Residential Municipal,
Agricultural/Rural, Miscellaneous (Underground Injection Control/Naturally
Occurring). This list is intended as a resource guide for creating a state or
community-specific inventory list, based on local industrial activity and known
contaminant occurrence information.

Notice of Final Decision on Motor Vehicle Waste Disposal Wells in EPA Region 8;
Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class V Program. Article. 2002. EPA Region
8 Ground Water Program, FRL-7221-1; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2002/June/Day-04/wl3699.htm. Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, U.S. Forest Service, U.S.
National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S.
Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife,
OSM, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Area Delineation, Implementing Wellhead Protection, Wellhead Protection Examples, Public
Participation, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Media Information
on Source Water Protection, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

EPA's Federal Register Notice announcing the decision under which each motor
vehicle waste disposal well in Colorado, Montana, or South Dakota (regardless of
whether it is in Indian country) or in Indian country in North Dakota, Utah, or
Wyoming must either be closed or covered by a Class V Underground Injection
Control (UIC) permit application no later than January 1, 2007.

Delineation of Source Water Protection Areas in Karst Aquifers of the Ridge and
Valley and Appalachian Plateaus Physiologic Provinces: Rules of Thumb for
Estimating the Capture Zones of Springs and Wells Guide 2002 Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-02-015; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: NSCEP*; http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/pdfs/karstaquifers.pdf Audience:
Local Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Area Delineation, Source Water Assessments.

Using low-cost rules of thumb (RT) approaches for ground-water technical
personnel, this document helps to delineate the approximate capture zones for
springs and public water-supply wells in karst aquifers in areas of the
Appalachian Mountains. These RT approaches may be more accurate than fixed-
radius approaches and U.S. EPA urges Appalachian states to consider using them
in their source water assessments.
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Literature Review of Methods for Delineating Wellhead Protection Areas. Report.
1998. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-98-021; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/wellhead/dewell.html. Audience: Local Officials,
Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Area Delineation

This document presents an annotated bibliography of recent publications
addressing technical aspects of wellhead protection area delineation. Topics
include theory, case studies, land use, geographic information systems (GIS),
hydrogeologic analysis and numerical modeling.

State Methods for Delineating Source Water Protection Areas for Surface Water
Supplied Sources of Drinking Water. Guide. 1997. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-008; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Area Delineation, Source Water Assessments.

The EPA State Source Water Assessment and Protection Programs Guidance lays
out the information that states need to submit to U.S. EPA about their program for
approval. Drinking Water State Revolving Fund states will need to tap into
expertise and information available from many sources to do the assessments. The
guidance provides information on EPA, state, and other federal programs that
relate to source water.

Delineation of Source Water Protection Areas: A Discussion for Managers; Part I,
A Conjunctive Approach for Ground Water and Surface Water. Program Guide.
1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-012; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, Water
Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Area Delineation,
Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments.

This document provides combined ground-and-surface water delineation
approached to assist states in determining the areas that should be assessed, in
order to include those areas that need heightened management of contaminant
sources. The first part of this document presents protection area boundary
delineation approaches and methods, while the second part presents case studies
demonstrating the developments of Source Water Protection Areas, extended
Source Water Protection Areas and Source Water Protection Area segments in the
Nanticoke-Blackwater Basins in Maryland and Delaware.

Applicability of Wellhead Protection Area Delineation to Domestic Wells: A Case
Study. Case Study. 1996. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-B-95-
007; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials, States,

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Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Wellhead Protection Area
Delineation

       Wellhead protection for a community supplied by numerous private wells requires
       a different approach than that for wellhead protection of individual privately
       owned wells. Before developing a private wellhead protection plan, a community
       should consider its protection goals and determine if a wellhead protection
       program will help attain them. This document presents one such plan and its
       development.

Groundwater Sampling - A Workshop Summary, Dallas, TX.  Report.  1995. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 600-R-94-205; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/swerustl/cat/gwwkshop.pdf Audience: General
Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead
Protection,  Education and Training Materials.

       This document provides a summary  of the Ground Water Sampling Workshop in
       Dallas, Texas, held on November 30 - December 2, 1993.  The primary objective
       of the conference was to provide a forum for discussing recent research findings
       on ground water sampling. Participants in the workshop included  government and
       non-government researchers, practitioners, regulators, and policy  makers.

Wellhead Protection in Confined, Semi-Confined, Fractured, and Karst Aquifer
Settings. Program Guide.  1993. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA
813-K-93-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.  Audience:  Local Officials, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead
Protection

       This fact sheet provides background information on the need to define protection
       areas for wells that draw public drinking water from several complex
       hydrogeologic settings: confined, semi-confined, fractured, and karst aquifers.
       These settings include aquifers in which the ground water is not open to the
       atmosphere (i.e., the aquifer does not consist of unconsolidated porous media).
       Protection areas around wells that draw from confined, fractured,  and karst
       aquifers are (because of their  complex hydrogeology) more difficult to define than
       protection  areas for wells in porous media settings.

Guide for Conducting Contaminant Source Inventories for Public Drinking Water
Supplies: Technical Assistance Document. Guide. 1991. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-033; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
NSCEP*.  Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes.  Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Area Pelineatio^ Contamination Sources

       This technical assistance document assists state and local water managers in
       developing and refining methods and procedures for inventorying existing and
                                       32

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potential sources of contamination within wellhead protection areas. The
document discusses the design, structure, and function of contaminant source
inventories. The document includes detailed discussions of contaminant sources
and methodologies for identifying these sources; suggestions for managing
information collected on these sources; and practical use of the information to
protect public drinking water supplies. The document also contains case studies of
contaminant source inventories.

Wellhead Protection Strategies for Confined Aquifer Settings. Guide. 1991. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-008; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection

This document provides methods for defining the sensitivity of an aquifer to
contamination. This is accomplished by first determining the degree of
confinement of an aquifer. The document also provides approaches for
delineating wellhead protection areas for highly confined and semi-confined
aquifers. Two case studies are also provided.

Regional Assessment of Aquifer Vulnerability and Sensitivity in the Conterminous
U.S. Report. 1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 600-2-91 -043;
EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines.

The report provides a general representation of ground water vulnerability,
precipitation distribution, population density, potential well yield, and aquifer
sensitivity for each of the 48 conterminous states. The report presents an aquifer
classification scheme based on vulnerability assessments of surficial and
relatively shallow aquifers. Aquifer sensitivity is related to the potential for
contamination; therefore, aquifers with a high degree of vulnerability and are in
areas of high population density are considered to be the most sensitive.

Delineations of Wellhead Protection Areas in Fractured Rocks. Program Guide.
1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-009; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, Water
Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Area Delineation

This report was prepared by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History
Survey under an agreement with the EPA. The report evaluates methods for
wellhead protection area delineation in unconfmed fractured rock aquifers.
Methods evaluated were applicable to fractured-rock settings in Wisconsin and to
similar settings around the U.S.

A Review of Methods for Assessing Nonpoint Source Contaminated Ground Water
Discharge to Surface Water. Report. 1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking
33

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Water, EPA 570-9-91-010; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Wellhead Protection Area Delineation,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This document provides an overview of selected methods that have been used for
assessing nonpoint source contaminated ground water discharging to surface
water. EPA undertook this project in response to the growing awareness that
contaminated ground water discharge is a significant source of nonpoint source
contaminant loading to surface water in many parts of the country.

Model Assessment for Delineating Wellhead Protection Areas. Program Guide.
1988. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-88-002; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf
Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead
Protection Area Delineation

This report provides information on 64 existing ground water flow and
contaminant fate and transport models. Detailed descriptions of each model are
presented. These models may be used for delineating wellhead protection areas.

Septic Systems and Groundwater Protection: A Program Manager's Guide and
Reference Book. Guide. 1986. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-
6-86-006; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Contamination
Sources, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

This document describes in detail the major issues state and local managers must
address in protecting ground water through management and control. It provides
program options and regulatory language from existing septic system
management programs. The document is designed to provide information
concerning effective septic system management to officials responsible for
developing state or local codes.

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practices, spill clean up, container disposal, and other management practices. The
document also provides an evaluation table and pesticide teachability charts.

Reducing the Risk of Ground Water Contamination by Improving Fertilizer
Storage and Handling. Article. No date. Texas Agricultural Extension Service; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://soilcrop.tamu.edu/publications/pubs/b6026.pdf Audience: Farmers. Topics
covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection, Best
Management Practices.

This bulletin addresses that effects of improper fertilizer handling on ground
water. Problems occur when nitrogen seeps through the soil and into ground
water. The document emphasizes pollution prevention and covers the following
topics: building new storage facilities; modifying existing facilities; mixing and
loading practices; spills and container disposal; other management factors. The
document also provides an evaluation table for analyzing specific facilities.

Outreach Materials

New Sole Source Aquifer Designated in Utah: "Sole Source Aquifer Determination
for the Cas Valley Aquifer System, Castle Valley, UT" Article 2001 Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/ssa/utssa.html. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Sole Source Aquifer Designation

In this Federal Register Notice of Final Determination, EPA in Region 8 has
determined that the Castle Valley Aquifer System in Castle Valley, Utah is the
principal source of drinking water for the region. The aquifer area and petitioning
process for sole source status is described.

Shallow Disposal Systems Are Everyone's Business. Video. 2000. EPA Region 8
Ground Water Program, EPA 908-V-98-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/videos.html. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public, States, Tribes, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. National Park Service, Bureau of
Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife, OSM, U.S. Geological Survey,
Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection,
Wellhead Protection Examples, Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground
Injection Control Regulations, Media Information on Source Water Protection

A new video has been created to assist Class V well operators solve problems
caused by Class V well contamination. The video uses a case history of
contamination from Class V wells to show how a cooperative effort by local
governments and the business community was successful in stopping actual and
potentials sources of pollution.
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MTBE Farm*A*Syst Brochure: Drinking Water and MTBErA Guide for Private
Well Owners. Brochure. 2000. EPA/Farm*A*Syst; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.uwex.edu/farmandhome/wqpaap/pdf/mtbe.pdf Audience:
Farmers, Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered:
Implementing Wellhead Protection, Implementing Source Water Protection, Education
and Training Materials.

This brochure provides private well owners with basic information about the
gasoline additive chemical methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), including how to
assess your household's exposure risk (checklist), what to do if you have MTBE
contamination, and how to protect your drinking water from potential MTBE
pollution.

Wellhead Protection: Lessons Learned through Local Stewardship. Article. 1999.
GWF; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.groundwater.org/FreeThings/free.htm. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection
This booklet covers the basic steps of an effective Wellhead Protection (WHP)
Program, community protection goals, outcomes and obstacles.

Let's Make a Difference: Mobilizing for Community Action Guide. 1999. GWF;
EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.groundwater.org/FreeThings/free.htm. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection, Public
Participation, Education and Training Materials.

This motivational guide will jumpstart your engine for groundwater protection
and community involvement.

Citizen's Guide to Ground-Water Protection, (Updated 1999) Guide 1999 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-90-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/citguide.html. Audience: Local
Officials, General Public. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection

This document introduces citizens to the natural cycle that supplies the earth with
ground water. It also explains how ground water can become contaminated,
examines ways to protect ground water supplies, and describes the roles citizens
and communities can play in protecting valuable ground water supplies.

Why Do Wellhead Protection? Issues And Answers In Protecting Public Drinking
Water Supply Systems. Guide. 1995. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 813-K-95-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead
Protection
36

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       Protection of public water supply wells through WHP activities is also considered
       an important component of a Comprehensive State Ground Water Protection
       Program (CSGWPP). EPA has established a set of ground water protection
       principles which recognize that the primary role of ground water protection
       should be vested with the states. EPA is providing funds to states to undertake
       necessary WHP activities and programs as a critical component of a CSGWPP.

Tribal Wellhead Protection Demonstration Projects.  Report.  1995. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-R-95-001;  EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*.  Audience: States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Examples.

       These case studies illustrate Tribal wellhead protection activities, and highlight
       several concerns that tribes may have in implementing wellhead protection. These
       concerns include: ground water recharge or wellhead protection areas that are
       located outside the boundaries of Tribal reservations; the relationship between
       ground water and surface water within reservations; and the difficulties in
       implementing or enforcing a program in the absence of a Tribal judicial body.

The Wellhead Protection Program: Forerunner to Source Water Protection Efforts
across the Nation. Fact Sheet. 1995. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 813-F-95-001; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: General Public, Tribes.
Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines.

       This fact sheet describes wellhead protection efforts around the U.S. It
       summarizes the background, purpose, and implementation of the Wellhead
       Protection Program.

Protecting Our Ground Water.  Fact Sheet.  1995. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-95-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: General  Public. Topics
covered:  Implementing Wellhead Protection

       This brochure describes the dangers to ground water and measures for protecting
       ground water. It includes a map of states with public water supplies dependent
       upon ground water and a good illustration of the water cycle.

Handbook: Groundwater and Wellhead Protection Report 1994 Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 625-R-94-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.nal.usda.gov/ddsb/. Audience: Local Officials, General Public, Tribes.
Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection

       Much of this handbook discusses methods for wellhead protection area
       delineation. It also provides guidance on developing a wellhead protection plan,
                                       37

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including a contaminant source inventory and management options. Several case
studies are provide additional implementation information.

Case Study: Preventing Ground Water Contamination Case Study 1993 US
EPA, Envirosense; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://es.epa.gov/techinfo/case/michigan/michcsl5.html. Audience: Business, Local
Officials. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Examples, Education and Training
Materials.

This case study that presents several waste management tips designed to assist
small businesses in their efforts to manage wastewater properly. The tips include
waste reduction recommendations. The document also includes a list of wastes of
special concern.

A Guide for Cost Effectiveness and Cost Benefit Analysis of State and Local
Groundwater Protection Programs. Report. 1993. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 813-R-93-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials, States.
Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines.

This guide familiarizes state and local ground water program managers with the
tools of economic analysis. It shows how these tools can be used to evaluate
ground water programs through cost effectiveness or cost benefit analysis. Case
studies show the practical application of cost analysis, cost effectiveness analysis,
and cost-benefit analysis. A bibliography is included to provide additional
information on these subjects.

Ground Water Protection: A Citizen's Action Checklist. Guide. 1992. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 810-F-92-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: General Public. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection

This checklist contains an overview of potential threats to ground water supplies,
including contamination from residential and commercial sources. The document
38

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also outlines steps that citizens may take to help protect the local drinking water
supply.

Case Studies in Wellhead Protection: Ten Examples of Innovative Wellhead
Protection Programs. Case Study. 1992. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 813-R-92-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience:
Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Examples.

This document assists provides examples of wellhead protection programs that are
being implemented. The purpose of the document is to assist state, local, and
Tribal water managers in developing, refining, and implementing wellhead
protection programs.

Best Management Practices for Protecting Groundwater Fact sheet 1992 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-036; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf Audience: Business, Local
Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead
Protection, Best Management Practices.

This series of fact sheets lists best management practices (BMPs) developed for
12 facilities and industries. The Best Management Practices focus on well closure
and alternative disposal methods.

Protecting the Nation's Ground Water: EPA's Strategy for the 1990s Report 1991
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 21Zrl020; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: General
public, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines.

This document updates EPA's 1984 Ground Water Protection Strategy, which
articulated known methods for protecting ground water resources, and set out an
appropriate role for the Agency. The report updates Agency policy and includes
implementation principles that reflect an aggressive approach to protecting the
Nation's ground water resources. The strategy prioritizes prevention of ground
water contamination, and strives to improve EPA's coordination of ground water
activities under all statutes and programs. The strategy recognizes that ground
water is a uniquely local resource for which States and local governments must
assume primary responsibility.

Protecting Local Ground-Water Supplies through Wellhead Protection Guide.
1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 570-9-91-007; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing
Wellhead Protection
39

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       This guide outlines an easy-to-follow, five-step process that communities can take
       to protect public water supply wells. The document presents an approach to
       protecting ground water supplies that can be coordinated with existing state and
       federal ground water supply protection programs.

EPA's Strategy for Protecting the Nation's Ground Water in the 1990s: Quick
Reference Fact Sheet.  Fact Sheet. 1991. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 570-9-91-011; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cgi-
bin/claritgw?op-Display&document=clserv:OSWER:2513;&rank=4&template=epa.
Audience: General public, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines.

       This fact sheet summarizes EPA's ground water policy, as described in the report
       "Protecting the Nation's Ground Water: EPA's Strategy for the 1990s."

Progress in Ground Water Protection and Restoration Report. 1990.  Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-90-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NTIS.  Audience: General Public, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead
Protection Guidelines.

       This document details a July 18,  1989, a ground-water task force meeting to
       develop EPA's strategy for ground water protection. The strategy incorporates
       recommendations and initiatives to ensure effective and consistent decision-
       making in all Agency actions affecting ground water. The strategy also guides
       future ground water decisions and seeks to ensure a clean and safe source of
       drinking water for  all Americans.

Wellhead Protection: A Decision Maker's Guide.  Guide.  1987. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-87-009; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/wellhead/wellhead_publications.pdf Audience: Local
Officials, States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection

       This booklet explains how the Federal Wellhead Protection Program is meant to
       help states solve wellhead protection problems. In addition, the booklet explains
       how the Program works and how states can benefit from participating.

Septic Systems and Groundwater Protection: An Executive's Guide  Guide 1986
Office of Ground Water  and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-86-005; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Business, Local Officials, General Public.  Topics covered: Wellhead
Protection Guidelines, Contamination Sources, Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       This document is a companion the program manager's guide and provides a brief
       description of the relationship between septic system use and ground water
                                       40

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       contamination. This document conveys the main points of the longer program
       manager's guide to the state or local legislator or chief executive.

Newsletter - Notes from Underground. Article.  No date. EPA Region 9; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region09/water/underground/notes/. Audience: Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, SSA Designation, Wellhead Protection Examples, Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       This newsletter is published by EPA Region 9's Ground Water Office. Its purpose
       is to bring information about source water protection, underground injection
       control, and related compliance and public water supply issues to injection well
       operators, the public water supply industry, other regulators, and the general
       public.

Programmatic Guidance

Guidance for Future State Ground Water Protection Grants. Program Guide.  1997.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-010; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/gwpgrt.html.
Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines,
Funding Wellhead Protection.

       This memorandum outlines the purpose and process for states to apply for EPA
       grant funds to supplement comprehensive state ground water protection programs.
       As of the date of this memo, funds had not been appropriated for these grants, but
       the steps EPA will take are  outlined. The 1992 final comprehensive
       Comprehensive State  Ground Water Protection Program document [100/R-93-
       001] is cited.

Final Comprehensive State  Ground Water Protection Programs Guidance  Program
Guide.  1992. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 100-R-93-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf
Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Area Delineation

       This guidance describes the cooperative process that states and EPA use in
       developing and implementing comprehensive state ground water protection
       programs. The guidance considers current or threatened contamination, recent
       responses to contamination, and future legislative, regulatory, and other federal
       initiatives.

Managing Ground-Water Contamination Sources in Wellhead Protection Areas: A
Priority Setting Approach  Program Guide. 1991.  Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water,  EPA 570-9-91-023; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes.  Available at:
                                       41

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http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Implementing Wellhead Protection

This document is one of a series of technical assistance documents designed by
EPA to help local governments and public water suppliers protect wells and
implement their state and local Wellhead Protection Programs. The priority
setting approach provides a risk screening tool for assessing and ranking the
relative threats to ground water supplies posed by specific potential contamination
sources.

Guide to Ground-Water Supply Contingency Planning for Local and State
Governments: Technical Assistance Document. Program Guide. 1990. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-90-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Implementing Wellhead Protection

This document provides assistance to states and local communities in
establishing, providing, maintaining, and updating certain emergency response
procedures that may become necessary if a partial or total loss of public water
supply service occurs. The development and integration of these emergency
response procedures into a workable plan constitutes the Contingency Planning
Process.

Developing a State Wellhead Protection Program: A User's Guide to Assist State
Agencies under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Program Guide. 1988. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-88-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf Audience: States. Topics
covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines.

This technical assistance document illustrates ranges of options and approaches
that states may use when developing their wellhead protection programs. The
document includes a road map to guide the reader through the steps of the
wellhead protection program planning process.

Sole Source Aquifer Designation: Petitioner Guidance Program Guide 1987 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-87-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP* and http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience:
Local officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, States. Topics covered: SSA
Designation

This guidance document assists potential sole source aquifer (SSA) petitioners in
preparing and submitting their SSA petitions to EPA. It presents an overview of
the process and provides instructions for completing the petition.
Guidance for Applicants for State Wellhead Protection Program Assistance Funds
under the Safe Drinking Water Act - Appendix C: Wellhead Protection Program
Applicable Regulations. Program Guide. 1987. Office of Ground Water and Drinking
42

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Water, EPA 440-6-87-012; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local officials, Water
Suppliers, States.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Funding Wellhead
Protection

       Appendix C is a companion document to the guidance for state wellhead
       protection  assistance fund applicants. It explains EPA regulations applicable to
       the wellhead protection program and provides the assistance application form
       needed to request a program grant. These two documents are used to develop
       approvable assistance applications and to properly administer the funds awarded
       under the wellhead protection program.

Guidance for Applicants for State Wellhead Protection Program Assistance Funds
under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Program Guide. 1987. Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-87-011; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: States. Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Funding Wellhead Protection

       This guidance document provides procedural and technical information for
       applicants  eligible to apply for federal grant funds to develop and implement
       wellhead protection programs. Complete with a glossary of terms and applicable
       regulations, this 50-page guide thoroughly explains EPA's policies and procedures
       for implementing a wellhead protection program.

UNDERGROUND  INJECTION CONTROL

Technical Materials

Introduction to Underground Injection Control Permitting. Web page.  2002. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/presentations/uic/permitting.ppt.
Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.  Topics covered:  Education and Training
Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This EPA Drinking Water Academy training module provides an introduction to
       Underground Injection Control (UIC) permitting issues for new permit writers.
       The course discusses permit requirements and explains  what to look  for in
       reviewing  each of the attachments to a Underground Injection Control permit
       application. The course also provides a forum  for sharing permit strategies among
       Underground Injection Control professionals.

Introduction to the Underground Injection Control Program Web page.  2002.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/presentations/uic/ptl/uicl8.html.
Audience: Local Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Education
and Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.
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This EPA Drinking Water Academy course explains what an injection well is and
how it relates to subsurface geology. It reviews the origins of the Underground
Injection Control (UIC) program and program elements under Safe Drinking
Water Act. The module also describes some of the challenges facing today's
Underground Injection Control program.

Training Materials on Source Water Protection BMP Practices. Web page. 2002.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic/ematerials.htmWSWP;
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/swpbull.html. Audience: Business, Local
Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics
covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection
Benefits, Best Management Practices, Education and Training Materials, Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

Many of EPA's source water protection training materials are available for
download at these web sites. EPA has developed training materials on best
management practices (BMPs) and other measures for protecting drinking water
supplies. The materials are divided into two parts: a training module in Microsoft
PowerPoint format at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/electronic.html and a
series of more detailed source water protection "practices bulletins" by specific
potential contaminant sources.

Notice of Final Decision on Motor Vehicle Waste Disposal Wells in EPA Region 8;
Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class V Program Article 2002 EPA Region
8 Ground Water Program, FRL-7221-1; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2002/June/Day-04/wl3699.htm. Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, U.S. Forest Service, U.S.
National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S.
Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife,
OSM, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Area Delineation, Implementing Wellhead Protection, Wellhead Protection Examples, Public
Participation, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Media Information
on Source Water Protection, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

The Class V Rule: A Quick Reference Guide for Regulators Guide 2000 Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-029; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
44

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Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

This one-page reference guide lists the rule requirements, permit requirements,
year 2000 revisions to Underground Injection Control regulations, and
implementation schedule for the Class V rule.

Conversion of a Motor Vehicle Waste Disposal Well: A UIC Director's Guide.
Guide. 2000. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-00-017; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/conversionguide.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States, Tribes. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

This document outlines for Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program
Directors and their staff, the new requirements for allowing the conversion
(reclassification) of a motor vehicle waste disposal well to another type of Class
V injection well. The guidance also discusses other Underground Injection
Control requirements that may affect a conversion and additional factors that may
need to be considered such as Best Management Practices (BMPs).

The Class V Underground Injection Control Study, Volume 3: Storm Water
Drainage Wells. Report. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-
R-99-014c; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/classv/pdfs/volume3.pdf Audience: General Public,
U.S. EPA Regions, States. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

The Class V study provides background information for EPA to use in evaluating
the risk that approximately 20 types of Class V wells pose to underground sources
of drinking water. EPA used the information to determine if additional federal
regulations for these well types are warranted and, if so, how each well should be
regulated. Volume 3 covers Storm Water Drainage Wells, which are shallow
injection wells designed for the disposal of rain water and melted snow.

The Class V Underground Injection Control Study, Volume 5: Large Capacity
Septic Systems. Report. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA-816-
R-99-014E; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/classv/pdfs/volume5.pdf. Audience: Business, General
Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection
Control Regulations, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

The Class V study provides background information for EPA to use in evaluating
the risk that approximately 20 types of Class V wells pose to underground sources
of drinking water. EPA used the information to determine if additional federal
regulations for these well types are warranted and, if so, how each well should be
regulated. Volume 5 covers large capacity septic systems, which are used to
45

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       dispose of sanitary waste through a septic tank, used by a multiple dwelling,
       business establishment, community, or regional business establishment for the
       injection of wastes.

"Septic Systems: Operation and Maintenance of On-site Sewage Disposal Systems"
in Land and Water: Conserving Natural Resources in Illinois.  Article.  1989. Bicki,
TJ. and D.G. Peterson; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://hermes.ecn.purdue.edu/cgi/convwqtest71w-15.il.ascii. Audience: Homeowners.
Topics covered: Implementing Source Water Protection, Contamination Sources,
Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

       This article outlines proper operation and maintenance for on-site sewage disposal
       systems to ensure system longevity and to protect ground water and surface water.
       The document describes septic tank/soil absorption systems, types of absorption
       fields, and alternative systems.

Septic Systems and Groundwater Protection: A Program Manager's Guide and
Reference Book. Guide.  1986. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-
6-86-006; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Contamination
Sources, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This document describes in detail the major issues state and local managers must
       address in protecting ground water through management and control. It provides
       program options and regulatory language from existing  septic system
       management programs. The document is designed to provide information
       concerning effective septic system management to officials responsible for
       developing state or local codes.

Outreach Materials

Protecting  Drinking Water Through Underground Injection Control:  Drinking
Water Pocket  Guide #2.  Guide.  2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,
EPA 816-K-02-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience:
Business, Local Officials,  General Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This booklet outlines the Underground Injection Control (UIC) program basics
       and  the minimum federal requirements for an effective Underground Injection
       Control program. Includes a brief Underground Injection Control program
       history, well  descriptions, glossary, agency, and contacts list.

How a Shallow Disposal  System on Your Property Affects You Web page.  2002.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
                                       46

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at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/cl5oper/index.html. Audience: Business, Local
Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers.  Topics covered: Education and Training
Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       EPA web article: overview of types of and requirements for shallow disposal
       system, including links to related material.

The Problem with Shallow Disposal Systems.  Video. 2001. Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water, EPA 816-V-97-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
NSCEP*. Audience: Business, General Public.  Topics covered: Education and Training
Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This 15-minute video about Class V injection wells  reveals how chemical waste
       discharged to ground water through shallow disposal systems contaminates water
       resources, how it affects communities, and details some simple, preventive steps a
       community can take to reduce this serious threat to its  water supply.

Safe Drinking Water Act: Underground Injection Control Program, Protecting
Public Health and Drinking Water Resources. Poster.  2001.  Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-H-01-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*.  Audience: Business, General Public, Water Suppliers. Topics
covered: Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       Spanish and English versions of a diagram and fact sheet depicting the five
       classes of Underground Injection Controls and discussing their impact on public
       health and public drinking water sources.

Class V Injection Wells Small Entity Compliance Guide: How  the New Motor
Vehicle Waste Disposal Well Rule Affects Your Business.  Fact Sheet.  2000.  Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/smallcompliance.pdf Audience: Business, Water
Suppliers. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Clean
Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       This non-technical guidance document outlines the minimum Federal
       requirements for motor vehicle waste disposal wells. It is divided into question
       and answer sections designed to help small business owners discern if they have a
       motor vehicle waste disposal well, which rule segments may affect their well, and
       tips and courses of action to take if they are affected.

Funding Class V Injection Well Closures with the Clean Water State Revolving
Fund.  Fact Sheet.  2000. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 832-F-OO-
001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owm/cwfmance/cwsrf/clasvwell.pdf Audience: Local Officials,
U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection,
                                       47

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Funding Source Water Protection, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations,
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

This fact sheet summarizes the Class V Wells Rule requirements and describes
the process for soliciting funds from the CWSRF to comply with the regulations.
The information included covers how to get a project funded, who may qualify,
sources of repayments, and success stories.

Class V Injection Wells and Your Drinking Water. Fact Sheet. 1995. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-94-005; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: General Public. Topics covered: Education and
Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

This pamphlet briefly defines Class V injection wells and outlines EPA Class V
regulations.

Is Your Community's Drinking Water At Risk? Misused Septic Systems Can Cost
Millions. Report. 1995. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-95-
004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Homeowners, Local
Officials, General Public. Topics covered: Education and Training Materials, Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

This document describes the risk posed by businesses that discharge waste water
to septic systems or shallow wells. It provides examples of contamination events
and the resultant costs. Suggestions for prevention are also provided for local
officials.

Underground Injection Wells and Your Drinking Water. Fact Sheet. 1994. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-94-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
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Available at: NSCEP*.  Audience: General Public. Topics covered: Education and
Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This pamphlet briefly defines the five classes of underground injection wells and
       provides an overview of EPA's Underground Injection Control Program.

Class III Injection Wells and Your Drinking Water. Fact Sheet.  1994. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-94-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf  Audience: Industry, States.
Topics covered: Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection
Control Regulations.

       This pamphlet briefly defines Class III injection wells and outlines EPA Class III
       regulations.

Class II Injection Wells and Your Drinking Water. Fact Sheet.  1994.  Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-94-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*.  Audience: Industry, States. Topics covered: Education and
Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       This pamphlet briefly defines Class II injection wells and outlines EPA Class II
       regulations.

Class I Injection Wells and Your Drinking Water  Fact Sheet.  1994. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-F-94-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf  Audience: Industry, States.
Topics covered: Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground Injection
Control Regulations.

       This pamphlet briefly defines Class I injection wells and outlines EPA Class I
       regulations.

A Guide to Federal Environmental Requirements for Small Governments. Report.
1993. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 270-K-93-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Local Officials, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, Source Water Assessment Program, Public Participation, Source Water
Protection Guidelines, Education and Training Materials, Explains Underground
Injection Control Regulations.

       This document was produced by the EPA Office Of Regional Operations and
       State/Local Relations. It is a reference handbook intended to help local officials
       become familiar with EPA requirements that may apply to their jurisdictions.

Septic Systems and Groundwater Protection: An Executive's Guide. Guide.  1986.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-86-005; EPA
                                       49

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Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:  http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/.
Audience: Business, Local Officials, General Public.  Topics covered: Wellhead
Protection Guidelines, Contamination Sources, Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       This document is a companion to the program manager's guide and provides a
       brief description of the relationship between septic system use and ground water
       contamination. This document conveys the main points of the longer program
       manager's guide to the state or local legislator or chief executive.

Newsletter - Notes from Underground. Article. No date. EPA Region 9; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region09/water/underground/notes/.  Audience: Local Officials,
General Public, Water Suppliers, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Guidelines, SSA Designation, Wellhead Protection Examples, Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Education and Training Materials,  Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       This newsletter is published by U.S. EPA Region 9, Ground Water Office. Its
       purpose is to bring information  about source water protection, underground
       injection control, and related compliance and public water supply issues to
       injection well operators, the public water supply industry, other regulators, and
       the general public.

Programmatic Guidance

Class V Injection Wells: Notice of Final Determination: EPA Will Continue with its
Existing Approach for Managing Class V Injection Wells. Regulation 2002. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-02-010; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*.  Audience:  Business, Local Officials, Water Suppliers, U.S. EPA
Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control
Regulations.

       EPA fact sheet in Q&A format discussing the definitions of, federal regulatory
       requirements applying to, and federal managements plan for Class V injection
       wells.

New Regulation Addressing Motor Vehicle Maintenance Facilities' Impact on
Ground Water: U.S. EPA Region 8's Implementation Proposal Article 2001   EPA
Region 8 Ground Water Program; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.r8roc.org/EPApublic_notice	new_regulation_ad.htm Audience: Business,
Local Officials, General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes,  U.S. Forest Service,
U.S. National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish &
Wildlife, OSM, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered:
                                       50

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Public Participation, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Clean Water
Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration, Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

       This public notice reviews the need for the new regulation and announces the
       proposed implementation plan: as the new regulations require that existing motor
       vehicle waste disposal systems be phased out in specific geographic areas
       identified by State and U.S.EPA Underground Injection Control program, for the
       states of Colorado, Montana,  South Dakota, and all of Indian Country throughout
       EPA Region 8, U.S. EPA today is proposing to phase out the operation of these
       disposal systems on a state- and Indian Country-wide basis. If U.S. EPA
       implements this proposal, owners/operators, regardless of facility location, would
       have to demonstrate that their waste stream meets stringent federal drinking water
       standards as part of a permit application process OR cease discharging into the
       ground no later than January 1, 2007.

Class V Injection Wells: EPA Announces New Regulatory Requirements for Certain
Class V Injection Wells. Fact Sheet. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water, EPA 816-F-99-016; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/ogwdwOOO/uic/c5fm-fs.pdf  Audience:  Business, Local Officials,
General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Explains
Underground Injection Control Regulations.

       Fact sheet outlining Class V injection wells and the new requirements.
       Compliance schedules for owners and operators also  detailed. Information on
       additional resources and the Federal Register notice included.
CLEAN WATER ACT/SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT (CWA/SDWA)
INTEGRATION

Technical Materials

Federal Index of Information Relevant to Source Water Assessment and Protection
Guide. 2002. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/feddata.html.  Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public, Water Suppliers, U.S.  EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program, Source Water Protection
Guidelines, Implementing Source Water Protection, Source Water Protection Examples,
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

       This Federal Agency Data Index provides access to information relevant to source
water  assessment and protection efforts from the Departments of Agriculture,
Commerce,   Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services, Interior, Transportation,
EPA, FEMA, Tennessee Valley Authority, U.S.PS, and Farm*A*Systst*Home*A*Syst.
                                       51

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Notice of Final Decision on Motor Vehicle Waste Disposal Wells in EPA Region 8;
Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class V Program. Article. 2002. EPA Region
8 Ground Water Program, FRL-7221-1; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2002/June/Day-04/wl3699.htm. Audience:
Business, Local Officials, General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, U.S. Forest Service, U.S.
National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S.
Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife,
OSM, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection
Area Delineation, Implementing Wellhead (Protection, Wellhead Protection Examples, Public
Participation, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Media Information
on Source Water Protection, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

Outreach Materials

"Ground Water in the Plains, Canyonlands, and Mountains" article for Natural
News. Article. 2001. EPA Region 8, EPA 908-R-01-012; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/region08/community_resources/steward/estnatural/nnewsfallO 1 .PDF.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. National Park
Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Air Force, U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish & Wildlife, OSM, U.S.
Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered: Source Water
Assessment Program, Source Water Assessments, Implementing Source Water
Protection, Promotes Source Water Protection Benefits, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking
Water Act Integration

Class V Injection Wells Small Entity Compliance Guide: How the New Motor
Vehicle Waste Disposal Well Rule Affects Your Business Fact Sheet 2000 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/uic/smallcompliance.pdf Audience: Business, Water
Suppliers. Topics covered: Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Clean
Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

This non-technical guidance document outlines the minimum Federal
requirements for motor vehicle waste disposal wells. It is divided into question
52

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and answer sections designed to help small business owners to discern if they
have a motor vehicle waste disposal well, which rule segments may affect their
well, and tips and courses of action to take if they are affected.

Funding Class V Injection Well Closures with the Clean Water State Revolving
Fund. Fact Sheet. 2000. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 832-F-OO-
001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owm/cwfmance/cwsrf/clasvwell.pdf Audience: Local Officials,
U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection,
Funding Source Water Protection, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations,
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

This fact sheet summarizes the Class V Wells Rule Requirements and describes
the process for soliciting funds from the CWSRF to comply with the regulations.
The information included covers how to get a project funded, who may qualify,
sources of repayments, and success stories.

305(b) Report Ground Water/Drinking Water Chapter Report 2000 Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPADeveloped/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/features.html. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States, Tribes, Congress. Topics covered: Assess Program Status, Clean Water Act/Safe
Drinking Water Act Integration

The 1998 report compiles 305b ground water quality data from 37 states, 3
territories, 4 tribes, and the District of Columbia. Ground water monitoring data
are evaluated with positive results. Another chapter assesses drinking water
sources through the evaluation of drinking water use data from 38 states,
territories and tribes. This report informs Congress and the public about general
water quality conditions in the U.S.

The Clean Water State Revolving Fund: Financing America's Environmental
Infrastructure — A Report of Progress. Report. 1995. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 832-R-95-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NTIS.
Audience: Local Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered:
Implementing Source Water Protection, Funding Source Water Protection, Assess
Program Status, Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

This report provides information on the accomplishments of the national Clean
Water State Revolving Fund (SRF) program, the level of federal and state
investment, how the program works, how communities benefit from the program,
and the types of projects funded. The SRF was established under a mandate in the
1987 amendments to the Clean Water Act. Under this innovative program, states
created revolving loan funds to provide independent and permanent sources of
low-cost financing for a range of environmental infrastructure projects. By 1995,
all fifty states and Puerto Rico had set up SRF programs.
53

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Funding Ground-Water Protection: A Quick Reference to Grants Available Under
the Clean Water Act. Guide.  1989.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA
440-6-89-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection, Clean Water
Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       This document explains funding sources under Titles II, III, and VT of the Clean
       Water Act.

Programmatic Guidance

New Regulation Addressing Motor Vehicle Maintenance Facilities' Impact on
Ground Water: U.S. EPA Region 8's Implementation Proposal  Article 2001 EPA
Region 8 Ground Water Program; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.r8roc.org/EPApublic_notice	new_regulation_ad.htm Audience: Business,
Local Officials, General  Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes,  U.S. Forest Service,
U.S. National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Energy, U.S. Fish &
Wildlife, OSM, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management. Topics covered:
Public Participation, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations, Clean Water
Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This public notice reviews the need for the new ulation and announces the
       proposed implementation plan:  as the new regulations require that existing motor
       vehicle waste disposal systems be phased out in specific geographic areas
       identified by State and U.S. EPA Underground Injection Control program, for the
       states  of Colorado, Montana, South Dakota, and all of Indian Country throughout
       EPA Region 8, U.S. EPA today is proposing to phase out the operation of these
       disposal systems  on a state- and Indian Country-wide basis. If U.S. EPA
       implements this proposal, owners/operators, regardless of facility location, would
       have to demonstrate that their waste stream meets stringent federal drinking water
       standards as part  of a permit application process OR cease discharging into the
       ground no later than January 1,  2007.

Clean Water Action Plan - Restoring and Protecting Americas Waters  Report
1998. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 840-B-00-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:  http://www.cleanwater.gov/action/.
Audience: General  Public, Topics covered: Media Information on Source Water
Protection, Clean Water  Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       Vice President Gore directed federal agencies to develop an action plan for clean
       water  on the 25th anniversary of the 1972 Clean Water Act. This document
       represents the culmination of these efforts.
                                        54

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SECURITY

Technical Materials

None.

Outreach Materials

Use of the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) to Implement Security
Measures at Public Water Systems.  Fact Sheet.  2001.  Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-02-040; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/security-fs.pdf  Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Source Water Protection, Security.

       This fact sheet discusses the types of projects that may be funded through the
       Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and that will help water systems ensure
       protection of their facilities. By working with states and Drinking Water State
       Revolving Fund programs, water systems will receive assistance in identifying
       their vulnerability to security threats and vandalism. Once the threats are
       identified, water systems may take steps to ensure protection of the public health
       of their customers.

Programmatic Guidance

Source Water Information in Consumer Confidence Reports - EPA Guidance: State
Implementation Guidance for the CCR Rule. Web page.  2001. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-99-088; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/ccrappx.pdf Audience: Water Suppliers,
States. Topics covered: Source Water Assessment Program,  Security.

       This document provides guidance for States on implementation of the CCR rule,
       information on Source Water Assessment Programs (SWAPs) and Susceptibility
       Determinations, and provides more detailed information on State SWAP
       programs, wellhead protection  programs and other source water information
       resources.
FUNDING

Includes the following topics:  Source Water Assessment Funding, Source Water
Protection Funding, Wellhead Protection Funding

Technical Materials

None.
                                       55

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Outreach Materials

The Guide is third in a series of pocket-sized outreach and assistance publications
from U.S. EPA's Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW)
designed to heighten public awareness of the importance of protecting source
waters used for drinking water. The guide includes steps towards source water
protection awareness, and discusses Safe Drinking Water Act history, vocabulary,
regulations, and available tools, contacts, and resources. It briefly discusses
Underground Injection Control and Best Management Practice issues related to
the Safe Drinking Water Act and Source Water Assessment and Protection
Program.

Using the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund for Source Water Protection
Loans. Fact Sheet. 2001. GWDW, EPA 816-F-01-039; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/landmanage.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA
Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Source Water Assessment, Funding
Source Water Protection, Drinking Water State Revolving Fund.

This fact sheet reviews the process by which funds are made available from the
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) set-asides. These funds may be
used to finance a variety of local land use controls and other management tools
for source water protection. States can provide loans to water systems for
acquiring land or conservation easements needed to protect drinking water
sources.

The Drinking Water SRF National Information System Web page. 2001. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/protect/features.html. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States. Topics covered: Funding Source Water Assessment, Funding Source Water
Protection

The Drinking Water SRF National Information Management System collects
information that provide a record of progress and accountability for the program.
Reports on Drinking Water State Revolving Fund activity are currently available
for state fiscal years (July-June) 1997 through 2002. These reports are available in
a PDF format.
56

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Use of the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) to Implement Security
Measures at Public Water Systems. Fact Sheet. 2001. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-02-040; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/security-fs.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Source Water Protection,  Security.

       This fact sheet discusses the types of projects that may be funded through the
       Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and that will help water systems ensure
       protection of their facilities.  By working with states and Drinking Water State
       Revolving Fund programs, water systems will receive assistance in identifying
       their vulnerability to security threats and vandalism. Once the threats are
       identified, water systems may take steps to ensure protection of the public health
       of their customers.

Funding Class V Injection Well Closures with the Clean Water State Revolving
Fund. Fact Sheet.  2000. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 832-F-OO-
001; EPA Developed/Funded:  Yes.  Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owm/cwfmance/cwsrf/clasvwell.pdf  Audience: Local Officials,
U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection,
Funding Source Water Protection, Explains Underground Injection Control Regulations,
Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       This fact sheet summarizes the Class V Wells Rule Requirements and describes
       the process for soliciting funds from the CWSRF to comply with the regulations.
       The information included  covers how to get a project funded, who may qualify,
       sources of repayments, and success stories.

Drinking Water State Revolving Funds Interim Final Rule  Fact Sheet 2000  Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-026; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/rulefact.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA
Regions,  States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Source Water Assessment, Drinking
Water State Revolving Fund.

       This fact sheet announces the release of the interim final rule for the Drinking
       Water State Revolving Fund program. It also details background of the rule and
       program.

Using DWSRF Set-Aside Funds for Source Water Protection Fact Sheet  2000
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water,  EPA 816-F-00-013; EPA
Developed/Funded:  Yes.  Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/source.pdf
Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Source Water
Protection, Drinking Water State Revolving Fund.

       This fact sheet reviews the process by  which the Drinking Water State Revolving
       Fund (DWSRF) program authorizes grants to States to capitalize revolving loan
                                        57

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funds. States then use funds to provide loan assistance to eligible public water
systems for infrastructure improvements needed to ensure safe drinking water.

Catalog of Federal Funding Sources for Watershed Protection, 2nd Edition Fact
Sheet. 1999. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 841-B-99-003; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/fedfund/. Audience: Local
Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Source Water
Protection, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

The Catalog of Federal Funding Sources for Watershed Protection Web site is a
searchable database of financial assistance sources (grants, loans, cost-sharing)
available to fund a variety of watershed protection projects. The second edition of
the document highlights federal grants and loans that may be used at the local
level to support watershed projects, and it contains references to many other good
publications and web sites on funding and technical assistance.

Funds Available for Source Water Assessments and Protection Fact Sheet 1997
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-97-001; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Source Water Assessment, Funding
Source Water Protection

Under the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act amendments, states may use a portion of
the drinking water state revolving fund to protect both surface and underground
sources of drinking water. Source water protection begins in local communities
with the identification of sources of public drinking water supplies and the
assessment of potential contamination threats to these supplies. Some of the
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund funds can be used to fund these
assessments.

New Federal Funds for Land Acquisition and Conservation Easement. Fact Sheet.
1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-97-010; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/ffland.html. Audience: Local officials, General
Public, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Funding Source Water Protection

This fact sheet explains how 1996 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act
have made it easier for communities to purchase land or conservation easements
to protect drinking water supplies.

Benefits and Costs of Prevention: Case Studies of Community Wellhead Protection
Case Study. 1996. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-B-95-005
EPA 813-B-95-006; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience:
Local Officials, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection
58

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Results of a study of the costs and benefits of wellhead protection. Two volumes
provide an analysis of seven communities from around the U.S. show the wide
array of activities that have already impaired or pose future threats to their ground
water supply. The benefits of avoiding contamination of community drinking
water sources are greater than the cost of implementing a local prevention
program for wellhead protection. Results present the potential extent and range of
benefits for a prevention program to protect community drinking water sources.

Business Benefits of Wellhead Protection: Case Studies. Case Study. 1996. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-B-95-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Business, Local Officials, States. Topics covered:
Funding Wellhead Protection.

Business participation is a critical factor for three successful local wellhead and
ground water protection programs in Dayton and Xenia, Ohio and Pekin, Illinois.
They offer three different wellhead and ground water protection models, but show
common themes for business involvement and benefits. Bottom-line benefits
highlighted by several companies include: process changes that saved operating
costs not previously anticipated; maintaining water quality that keep industrial
water treatment costs down; and knowing the exact storage location of chemicals
which keep emergency response costs down and allowed better management of
existing chemical stocks. All companies indicated that being within the wellhead
protection area (WFIPA) caused them to be conscious of chemical use and thereby
reduced liability from releases through better chemical management. Early
involvement by business minimized local regulatory burden and promoted
education and protective activities at the same time.

Compendium of Federal Financial Assistance Programs: Targeting Programs for
State and Local Ground-Water Protection Article. 1990. Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-90-008; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
59

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http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf  Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, States.  Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection

       This compendium was compiled for local and state ground water managers (and
       others). The document identifies existing federal programs that may provide
       financial assistance for some aspects of ground water protection.

Funding Ground-Water Protection: A Quick Reference to Grants Available Under
the Clean Water Act. Guide.  1989.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA
440-6-89-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf  Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection, Clean Water
Act/Safe Drinking Water Act Integration

       This document explains funding sources under Titles II, III, and VI of the Clean
       Water Act.

Programmatic Guidance

Drinking Water: State Revolving Fund Program Guidelines.  Report. 1997. Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-005; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: Local Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes.
Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection, Funding Source Water Assessment,
Funding Source Water Protection

       This guidance document provides a comprehensive description of the guidelines
       that will apply in  the operation of the DWSRF. There are chapters devoted to:
       development of a capitalization grant application agreement, allotment/use of
       funds, eligible systems and projects, state/project level authorities, funding
       process, and reporting/review responsibilities.

Guidance for Future State Ground Water Protection Grants. Program Guide. 1997.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-R-97-010; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/swp/gwpgrt.html.
Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States.  Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines,
Funding Wellhead Protection.

       This memorandum outlines the purpose and process for states to apply for EPA
       grant funds to supplement comprehensive state ground water protection programs.
       As of the date of this memo, funds had not been appropriated for these grants, but
       the steps U.S. EPA will take are outlined. The 1992 final comprehensive
       Comprehensive State Ground Water Protection Program document [100/R-93-
       001] is cited.

A State and Local Government Guide to Environmental Program Funding
Alternatives.  Guide.  1994.  EPA Region 5, EPA 841-K-94-001; EPA
                                       60

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Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, States.  Topics covered: Funding Wellhead
Protection, Funding Source Water Protection, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This booklet provides an overview of traditional funding mechanisms and
       introduces state and local governments to innovative alternatives to traditional
       funding. Though the focus is on nonpoint source pollution, funding sources and
       mechanisms can be applied to any environmental program. To answer questions
       and provide additional information, a list of contacts and references is included.

A Handbook for State GW Managers - Using EPA Groundwater-Related Grants to
Support the Development and Implementation of CSGWPP.  Guide. 1992. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 813-B-92-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials,
States, Tribes.  Topics covered: Funding Wellhead Protection

       This handbook provides a resource for state ground water managers. Topics
       include the following: Nonpoint Source Implementation; State Public Water
       System Supervision; State Underground Water Source Protection (Underground
       Injection Control); Water Pollution Control -- State and Interstate Program
       Support (106 Grants); Water Quality Management Planning; Agriculture in
       Concert with the Environment; Consolidated Pesticide Compliance Monitoring
       and Program  Cooperative Agreements; Pollution Prevention Incentives for States;
       Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund; Hazardous Waste Financial
       Assistance; Underground Storage Tank Program; Leaking Underground Storage
       Tank Trust Fund; State/ U.S. EPA Data Management Financial Assistance
       Program; Environmental Education; and Multi-Media Assistance Agreements for
       Indian Tribes.

Guidance for Applicants for State Wellhead Protection Program Assistance Funds
under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Program Guide. 1987.  Office of Ground Water
and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-87-011; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: States. Topics covered:
Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Funding Wellhead Protection

       This guidance document provides procedural and technical information for
       applicants eligible to apply for federal grant funds to develop and implement
       wellhead protection programs.  Complete with a glossary of terms and applicable
       regulations, this  50-page guide thoroughly explains U.S. EPA's policies and
       procedures for implementing a wellhead protection program.

Guidance for Applicants for State Wellhead Protection Program Assistance Funds
under the Safe Drinking Water Act - Appendix C: Wellhead Protection Program
Applicable Regulations.  Program Guide. 1987.  Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water, EPA 440-6-87-012; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.  Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local officials, Water
                                       61

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Suppliers, States. Topics covered: Wellhead Protection Guidelines, Funding Wellhead
Protection

Appendix C is a companion document to the guidance for state wellhead
protection assistance fund applicants. It explains U.S. EPA regulations applicable
to the wellhead protection program and provides the assistance application form
needed to request a program grant. These two documents are used to develop
approvable assistance applications and to properly administer the funds awarded
under the wellhead protection program.
OTHER

Technical Materials

Ground Water Quality in the United States: Report Findings Report 1998 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-98-013; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: U.S. EPA
Regions, States. Topics covered: Assess Program Status.

This fact sheet summarizes information found in National Water Quality
Inventory: 1996 Report to Congress Groundwater Chapters.

Watershed Tools Directory: A Collection of Watershed Tools Fact sheet 1995
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 841-B-95-005; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/watershed/tools/.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Education and
Training Materials, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

The Watershed Tools Directory is a collection of 1-page summaries of tools
compiled to help Stakeholders in finding tools to help them do watershed
protection. The purpose of the Directory is to promote information exchange and
to make Watershed tools more accessible. The directory contains approximately
200 1-page summaries that provide a brief description and contact name for the
tool. Tools were collected from U.S. EPA's Headquarters, Regions, other Federal
Agencies and outside organizations interested in promoting their tools.

Technical and Economic Capacity of States and Public Water Systems to Implement
Drinking Water Regulations: Report to Congress. Report. 1993. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 810-R-93-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Congress. Topics covered: Assess Program Status, Assess Drinking Water Status.

The first two sections of this report provide background on the status of drinking
water regulations, including the following: U.S. EPA's contaminant selection and
regulatory processes; health effects, health benefits, and costs of current
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       regulations; and timetables for implementation. The next five sections focus on
       the capabilities of systems and states to implement drinking water regulations,
       including monitoring, installation and operation of treatment systems, reporting,
       enforcement, and data management.

Non-Stormwater Fact Sheet: Septic Systems.  Fact Sheet.  No date. Stormwater
Manager's Resource Center; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.stormwatercenter.net/Assorted%20Fact%20Sheets/Tool7-
Non_Stormwater/SepticSystems.htm Audience: Homeowners.  Topics covered:
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

       This septic system management guide covers practices to prevent failing septic
       systems from discharging effluent with pollutant concentrations exceeding
       established water quality standards.

Surf Your Watershed Web page.  No date.  U.S. EPA; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/surf/.  Audience: Local Officials, General Public.
Topics covered: Education and Training Materials, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection

       This interactive web  site allows  users to locate, use, and share environmental
       information about individual states and watersheds. It site provides links to the
       Adopt Your Watershed, Wetlands Restoration Projects, American Heritage Rivers
       Services, and SURF-Environmental Web sites and Databases.

U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program.  Report. No
date. U.S. Geological  Survey, EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/.  Audience: General Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States,
Tribes. Topics covered: Water Quality.

       The National Water Quality Assessment Program was designed to answer these
       questions:  What is the condition of our Nation's streams and ground water? How
       are these conditions changing over time? How do natural features and human
       activities affect these conditions? The goal is to develop long-term, consistent,
       and comparable information on  streams,  ground water, and aquatic ecosystems to
       support sound management and policy decisions.

Outreach Materials

Drinking Water State Revolving Funds Interim Final Rule Fact Sheet  2000 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-00-026; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf/rulefact.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA
Regions,  States, Tribes. Topics covered: Funding Source Water Assessment, Drinking
Water State Revolving Fund.
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This fact sheet announces the release of the interim final rule for the Drinking
Water State Revolving Fund program. It also details background of the rule and
program.

Waterborne Pathogens in Agricultural Watershe ds. Report. 2000. Natural Resource
Conservation Service, Water Science Institute; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available
at:
http://www.wsi.nrcs.usda.gov/products/waterborn-pathogens.html
Audience: Farmers, General Public. Topics covered: Contamination Sources,
Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This publication introduces the subject of pathogenic organisms and measures
used to reduce their transport into the environment. A multiple-barrier approach is
recommended. This approach includes prevention of pathogen imports to the
farm, breaking the amplification cycle on the farm, proper handling of the waste
stream, and control of transport from the farm. On-farm measures need to include
a veterinarian or other health care provider who can target control points for
pathogen introduction, amplification, and export from the farm before they get
into the environment. Although pathogen-specific practices have not been
developed, those practices used for waste management and to control runoff help
control pathogen transport from the farm to the watershed.

It's Your Drinking Water: Get to Know it and Protect It! Fact Sheet 1999 Office
of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 810-K-99-002; EPA Developed/Funded:
Yes. Available at:NSCEP* and http://www.epa.gov/safewater/consumer/itsyours.pdf
Audience: General Public. Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

This short booklet provides public water system (PWS) consumers with
instructions on how to locate information about the safety of their drinking water.

Drinking Water: Pour Over the Facts. Poster. 1999. Office of Water, EPA 810-F-99-
008; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/consumer/pour4c.pdf Audience: General Pub lie. Topics
covered: Education and Training Materials.

A poster informing the public of a new report available from water suppliers with
information regarding water source and content. EPA's Safe Drinking Water
Hotline phone number and web site supplied.

Now it Comes with a List of Ingredients. Poster. 1999. Office of Water, EPA 810-F-
99-007; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP* and
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/consumer/now4c.pdf Audience: General Public. Topics
covered: Education and Training Materials.
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A poster informing the public of a new report arriving from water suppliers with
information regarding water source, content, and safety. EPA's Safe Drinking
Water Hotline phone number and web site supplied.

Getting Involved in Protecting Your Community's Source of Drinking Water. Fact
Sheet. 1997. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 816-F-97-009; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: General Public. Topics
covered: Public Participation

This fact sheet describes the purpose of EPA's source water assessment program
and opportunities for public participation in the program.

Top Ten Watershed Lessons Learned Report. 1997. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 840-F-97-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/lessons/toplO.pdf Audience: Local Officials, General Public,
States, Tribes. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This series of Watershed Lessons Learned is an attempt to identify the top lessons
and present them in one place. It will help readers learn what works and does not
based on past experience. Also, it will assist people in accessing important
resources and reaching helpful contacts, that exist across the nation that can help
them.

Groundwater: The Hidden Resource (Grade School Poster). Poster. 1996. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 855-H-96-009; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/kids/poster.htm Audience: Teachers.
Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

The poster is part of a series on water-resources topics and are drawn in a cartoon
format by the same artist. This poster depicts an unconfined or water-table
aquifer. Posters are available in color or black-and-white. The reverse sides of the
color posters contain educational activities: one version for children in grades 3-5
and the other with activities for children in grades 6-8.

Groundwater: The Hidden Resource (Middle School Poster). Poster. 1996. Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA 855-H-96-010; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/kids/poster.htm Audience: Teachers.
Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

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Groundwater and Land Use in the Water Cycle Poster 1995 US EPA, EPA 813-
H-95-002; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience: General
Public. Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

This poster depicts the water cycle from precipitation to surface water to ground
water.

Making Waves: How to Put on a Water Festival Guide 1993 GWF; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.groundwater.org/Catalog/Cat_MW.htm Audience: Local Officials, General
Public. Topics covered: Public Participation, Education and Training Materials.

"Making Waves" is an excellent resource for coordinating a water festival for
your entire community. It offers sample fundraising letters and news releases, as
well as several other tips for organizing a successful water education event for the
whole family.

Safety on Tap: A Citizen's Drinking Water Guide Guide 1987 LWV; EPA
Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: $7.95 from League of Women Voters, 1730 M
Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036. (202)429-1965. Audience: Local officials,
General Public. Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

This report, published by the League of Women Voters, addresses the quality of
drinking water in the U.S. It contains chapters on sources of contamination;
treatment processes; the Safe Drinking Water Act; federal, state and local
responsibilities; treatment alternatives; water quality issues; and a guide to citizen
action.

Protecting Ground Water - The Hidden Resource. Article. 1984. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 440-6-84-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, Tribes. Topics covered: Education and Training Materials.

This booklet is a collection of a dozen articles focusing on ground water issues.
The articles reflect a broad diversity of contributing authors and include EPA's
Ground Water Protection Strategy: a State/EPA Partnership, from the State's Point
of View; Sources of Ground Water Contamination; and the Future of the Ground
Water Resources.

Science in Your Watershed Web page. No date. U.S. Geological Survey, EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://water.usgs.gov/wsc/. Audience: Local
Officials, General Public, Topics covered: Education and Training Materials, Watersheds
and Source Water Protection.

This web site provides scientific information organized on a watershed basis. This
information, coupled with observations and measurements made by the watershed
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groups, provides a powerful foundation for characterizing, assessing, analyzing,
and maintaining the status and health of a watershed.

Know Your Watershed. Guide. No date. Conservation Technology Information
Center, EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://www.ctic.purdue.edu/KYW/.
Audience: Local Officials, General Public, Tribes. Topics covered: Education and
Training Materials, Watersheds and Source Water Protection

This web site is an information clearinghouse for watershed coordinators to help
assure measurable progress toward local goals. The site contains links to
documents, outreach and educational programs, watershed organizations,
information networks, and other resources.

Pesticides in Ground Water. Fact Sheet. No date. U.S. Geological Survey, National
Water Quality Assessment Pesticide National Synthesis Project; EPA Developed/Funded:
No. Available at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/gw/. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public. Topics covered: Contamination Sources, Education and Training Materials.

This report summarizes a comprehensive analysis of existing information on
national and regional patterns of pesticides in the atmosphere and major
influences on their sources and transport. It is one of a four-part series that
synthesizes current knowledge and understanding of pesticides in the nation's
water resources. This is part of the National Water Quality Assessment.

Your Drinking Water: Pesticides. Article. No date. Univ. Georgia College of
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Cooperative Extension Service; EPA
Developed/Funded: No. Available at: http://www.ces.uga.edu/pubcd/C819-6W.html.
Audience: General Public. Topics covered: Contamination Sources, Education and
Training Materials, Pesticides Program.

This fact sheet provides tips for the public about the pesticides in drinking water.
Topics include: reducing risk; checking drinking water for pesticides; and steps to
take if your water contains pesticides.

Frequently Asked Questions about UST and AST Systems Web page No date
South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Ground Water
Quality Program; EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.state.sd.us/denr/DES/Ground/tanks/FAQTANK.htm. Audience: Business,
General Public. Topics covered: Contamination Sources, Underground and Above
ground Storage Tanks.

This fact sheet covers in Q&A format basic information on Underground and
Above ground Storage Tanks (USTs and ASTs).

National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress (305(b) Report). Report.
1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000 (biennial report). U.S. EPA, EPA Developed/Funded:
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Yes. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/305b/. Audience: General Public, Congress.
Topics covered: Water Quality Information.

This is a biennial report that is the primary vehicle for informing Congress and the
public about general water quality conditions in the United States. It characterizes
water quality, identifies widespread water quality problems of national
significance, and describes various programs implemented to restore and protect
our waters.

Programmatic Guidance

A Review of Statewide Watershed Management Approaches. Report. 2002. Office
of Water; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/owow/watershed/approaches_fr.pdf Audience: U.S. EPA Regions,
States. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source Water Protection.

This document summarizes the review conducted jointly by EPA's Office of
Wastewater Management (OWM) and the Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and
Watersheds (OWOW) of selected state experiences in adopting and implementing
statewide watershed management approaches. The objectives of the review were
threefold: (1) identify and describe the different models of statewide watershed
management; (2) characterize and assess the experiences of selected states using
different models for statewide watershed management; and, (3) develop
recommendations to improve EPA's support and states' implementation of
statewide watershed management.

Above Ground Storage Tank Systems. Guide. 2000. Minnesota Pollution Control
Agency, EPA Developed/Funded: No. Available at:
http://www.pca.state.mn.us/cleanup/ast.html. Audience: Business, Local Officials,
General Public. Topics covered: Contamination Sources, Watersheds and Source Water
Protection.

The Above ground Storage Tank Program passed new rules in November 1998.
These rules focus on prevention of spills and leaks, rather than containing spills
and leaks. These rules give storage tank owners various options to prevent spills
and leaks from occurring. These rules also provide the general requirements for
facilities depending on their size.

Uncovered Finished Water Reservoirs Guidance Manual. Guide. 1999. U.S. EPA,
EPA-815-R-99-011; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at: NSCEP*. Audience:
Local Officials, Water Suppliers. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source Water
Protection, Reservoirs.

The purpose of this document is to provide a basic understanding of the potential
sources of external contamination in uncovered finished water reservoirs and to
provide guidance to water treatment operators for evaluating and maintaining
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water quality in these reservoirs. This document discusses: existing regulations
and policies pertaining to uncovered reservoirs; developing a reservoir
management plan; potential sources of water quality degradation and
contamination; operation and maintenance of reservoirs to maintain water quality;
and mitigating potential water quality degradation.

Watershed Approach Framework. Report. 1996. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 840-R-96-001; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://yosemite.epa.gov/water/owrccatalog.nsf/. Audience: Local Officials, General
Public, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source Water
Protection.

This publication explains EPA's vision for watershed approaches and builds upon
the office of water watershed protection approach framework (endorsed by EPA
in 1991). It emphasizes the role EPA envisions for states and tribes. It also reflects
the high priority that individual OW programs have put on developing and
supporting comprehensive state and Tribal watershed approach strategies that
actively involve public and private interest at all levels to achieve environmental
protection.

Watershed Protection: A Project Focus. Report. 1995. Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water, EPA 841-R-95-003; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/cgi-bin/claritgw7op-
Display&document=clserv:OW: 1276;&rank=4&template=epa. Audience: Local
Officials, U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source
Water Protection.

This document provides a blueprint for designing and implementing watershed
projects including references and case studies for specific elements of the process.
It illustrates how the broader principles of watershed management—including all
relevant federal, state, Tribal, local and private activities-- can be brought to bear
on water quality and ecological concerns.

Watershed Protection: A State-Wide Approach Report. 1995. Office of Ground
Water and Drinking Water, EPA 841-R-95-004; EPA Developed/Funded: Yes. Available
at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/watershed/state/index.html. Audience: Local Officials,
U.S. EPA Regions, States, Tribes. Topics covered: Watersheds and Source Water
Protection.

The Watershed Protection Approach is a strategy for effectively protecting and
restoring aquatic ecosystems and protecting human health. This strategy has as its
premise that many water quality and ecosystem problems are best solved at the
watershed level rather than at the individual waterbody or discharger level. The
Watershed Protection Approach has four major features: targeting priority
problems, a high level of stakeholder involvement, integrated solutions that make
use of the expertise and authority of multiple agencies, and measuring success
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through monitoring and other data gathering. A statewide watershed approach, as
described in this document, is an approach to managing water quality by major
hydrologic units.
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