United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
             FACTOIDS:
             Drinking Water
             and Ground
             Water Statistics
             for 2006

-------
Office of Water (4606M)
EPA816-K-06-012
March 2008
www. epa. gov/safewater/data

-------
There are approximately 157,000 public drinking water systems in the United States. Each of these
systems regularly supplies drinking water to at least 25 people or 15 service connections. Beyond
their common purpose, the 157,000 systems vary widely. The following tables group water systems
into categories that show their similarities and differences. For example, the first table shows that
most people in the US (282 milion) get their water from a community water system. There are
approximately 52,000 community water systems, but just eight percent of those systems (4,048)
serve 81  percent of the people. The second table shows that more water systems have ground
water than surface water as a source-but more people drink from a surface water system. Other
tables break down these national numbers by state, territory, and EPA region.

This package also contains figures on the types and locations of underground injection control
wells. EPA and states regulate the placement and operation of these wells to ensure that they do
not threaten underground sources of drinking water. The underground injection control program
statistics  are based on separate reporting from the states to EPA.

The drinking water system statistics on the following pages are taken from the Safe Drinking Water
Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/Fed). SDWIS/Fed is the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's official record of public drinking water systems, their violations of state and
EPA regulations, and enforcement actions taken by EPA or states as a result of those violations.
EPA maintains the database using information collected and submitted by the states.

Notice: Compliance statistics are based  on violations reported  by states to the EPA Safe Drinking
Water Information System. EPA is aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of some data in this
system. We are working with the states to improve the quality  of the data. An analysis of
SDWIS/Fed data quality is available atwww.epa.gov/safewater/data/reports.html

For more information and additional drinking water data tables, please visit
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/data/getdata.html.

Acronyms & Abbeviations:
CWS: Community Water System
FY: (federal) Fiscal Year [October 1-September 30]
GPRA: Government Performance and Results Act-program measures
M/R: Monitoring/Reporting violation [water system's failure to monitor for, or report to the state, the
level of a contaminant on the required schedule]
MCL: Maximum  Contaminant Level [the legal limit on a contaminant in drinking water
MRDL: Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level [for disinfectants added to drinking water]
NTNCWS: Non-Transient Non-Community Water System
Other: Other violations of EPA rules (including failure to provide public notice of another violation,
or failure  to prepare and/or distribute a Consumer Confidence Report)
Pop. Served: Population served (by a water system)
PWS: Public Water System
PWSS: Public Water System Supervision program
SDWIS/FED: Safe Drinking Water System/Federal version
TNCWS:  Transient Non-Community Water System
TT: Treatment Technique [a drinking water treatment required  by EPA or state rules^

-------
                        FY2006  Drinking Water Factoids
Public Water System Inventory data
Active, current systems, from Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/FED) 06Q3 frozen inventory table
System size
by population served
 Very Small
 500 or less
  Small
501-3,300
  Medium
3,301-10,000
    Large
10,001-100,000
Very Large
 >100,000
Total
cws
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
29,448 14,098 4,745 3,659 389
4,895,672 20,017,471 27,473,308 103,300,712 126,012,965
56% 27% 9% 7% 1%
2% 7% 10% 37% 45%
16,259 2,659 108 19
2,260,664 2,668,373 585,699 493,570
85% 14% 1% 0% 0%
38% 44% 10% 8% 0%
82,387 2,745 107 17 4
7,260,684 2,691,455 580,359 454,222 2,994,000
97% 3% 0% 0% 0%
52% 19% 4% 3% 21%
52,339
281,700,128
100%
100%
19,045
6,008,306
100%
100%
85,260
13,980,720
100%
100%
          Total # syster
     128,094
    19,502
      4,960
       3,695
       393
 156,644
CWS = Community Water System: A public water system that supplies water to the same population year-round.
NTNCWS = Non-Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that regularly supplies water to at least 25
of the same people at least six months per year, but not year-round. Some examples are schools, factories, office buildings,
and hospitals which have their own water systems.
TNCWS = Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that provides water in a place such as a gas
station or campground where people do not remain for long periods of time.
Water source
   Type
Ground Water Surface Water
                  Totals
CWS
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
40,315 12,024
85,034,929 196,665,199
77% 23%
30% 70%
18,429 616
5,406,675 601,631
97% 3%
90% 10%
83,356 1,904
11,281,394 2,699,326
98% 2%
81% 19%
52,339
281,700,128
100%
100%
19,045
6,008,306
100%
100%
85,260
13,980,720
100%
100%
          Total # syster
     142,100
    14,544
    156,644
 Ground water systems = ground water (GW), purchased ground water (GWP)
 Surface water systems = surface water (SW), purchased surface water (SWP),
           ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GU),
           purchased ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GUP).
SDWIS/FED 06Q3 tables were "frozen" in early October 2006

-------
 FY2006 water system data-by State
                          Key:
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 06Q3 frozen violations table
                      # systems
                      Pop served
   AK

   AL

   AR

   AZ

   CA

   CO

   CT

   DC

   DE

   FL

   GA

   HI

   IA

   ID

   IL

   IN

   KS

   KY

   LA

   MA

   MD

   ME

   Ml

   MN

   MO

   MS
                CWS NTNCWS   TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based
violations
453 229 864
471,252 52,477 100,658
544 29 63
5,345,087 19,198 7,046
714 34 342
2,559,094 8,699 22,451
804 205 593
5,400,027 126,116 117,997
3,040 1 ,385 2,895
36,220,152 389,439 1,735,505
842 164 946
5,039,343 87,218 272,207
577 615 1,544
2,669,471 119,713 57,603
3 2
606,000 3,570
216 105 195
861,114 28,882 58,879
1 ,853 952 3,223
17,866,926 252,291 284,854
1,712 223 523
7,417,286 66,725 82,324
114 14 2
1,323,144 11,185 375
1,140 139 711
2,641,647 47,533 86,197
750 234 1,017
1,011,501 51,216 110,891
1 ,775 426 3,667
11,706,050 137,309 381,709
837 677 2,892
4,672,755 199,833 397,909
904 49 99
2,564,773 19,481 4,154
41 1 37 62
4,756,419 14,678 7,729
1,085 164 269
4,924,464 70,197 62,010
524 256 951
8,956,761 70,817 184,723
501 574 2,564
4,871,478 167,796 185,294
387 373 1,195
616,287 70,940 191,800
1 ,444 1 ,537 8,743
7,509,641 360,880 1 ,025,428
964 543 5,885
4,130,759 88,570 530,935
1 ,472 242 1 ,026
5,052,913 76,630 121,651
1,152 85 102
3,083,940 74,732 21 ,527
1,546
624,387
636
5,371 ,331
1,090
2,590,244
1,602
5,644,140
7,320
38,345,096
1,952
5,398,768
2,736
2,846,787
5
609,570
516
948,875
6,028
18,404,071
2,458
7,566,335
130
1 ,334,704
1,990
2,775,377
2,001
1,173,608
5,868
12,225,068
4,406
5,270,497
1,052
2,588,408
510
4,778,826
1,518
5,056,671
1,731
9,212,301
3,639
5,224,568
1,955
879,027
1 1 ,724
8,895,949
7,392
4,750,264
2,740
5,251,194
1,339
3,180,199


























1 ,288 258
318,286 306,101
357 279
1,258,086 4,113,245
689 401
923,297 1 ,666,947
1 ,545 57
2,721 ,908 2,922,232
6,075 1 ,245
7,448,590 30,896,506
1 ,470 482
679,379 4,719,389
2,648 88
406,244 2,440,543
5
609,570
511 5
466,591 482,284
5,944 84
15,122,366 3,281,705
2,205 253
1 ,557,289 6,009,046
109 21
472,141 862,563
1,828 162
1 ,502,940 1 ,272,437
1 ,925 76
916,425 257,183
5,143 725
3,382,929 8,842,139
4,278 128
2,898,112 2,372,385
677 375
705,079 1 ,883,329
165 345
392,494 4,386,332
1 ,422 96
2,992,726 2,063,945
1,510 221
1 ,922,729 7,289,572
3,542 97
925,504 4,299,064
1 ,867 88
460,959 418,068
11,413 311
3,124,003 5,771,946
7,277 115
3,408,897 1 ,341 ,367
2,484 256
1 ,805,324 3,445,870
1,327 12
2,834,757 345,442


























97
58,705
17
87,219
109
250,487
70
242,912
253
367,367
61
104,559
80
115,478
1
595,000
20
162,914
181
808,862
100
383,761
10
92,622
68
214,499
118
123,004
187
879,757
85
129,284
122
345,805
51
437,180
160
747,802
48
584,726
36
63,627
93
93,436
156
138,773
42
226,986
193
308,480
38
108,942
21%
12%
3%
2%
15%
10%
9%
4%
8%
1%
7%
2%
14%
4%
33%
98%
9%
19%
10%
5%
6%
5%
9%
7%
6%
8%
16%
12%
11%
8%
10%
3%
13%
13%
12%
9%
15%
15%
9%
7%
7%
1%
24%
15%
11%
2%
4%
5%
13%
6%
3%
4%

-------
 FY2006 water system data-by State
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 06Q3 frozen violations table
                                                    Key:
                                                # systems
                                                Pop served
   MT

   NC

   ND

   NE

   NH

   NJ

   NM

   NV

   NY

   OH

   OK

   OR

   PA

   Rl

   SC

   SD

   TN

   TX

   UT

   VA

   VT

   WA

   Wl

   WV

   WY
                 CWS NTNCWS    TNCWS
                         Total
                         Ground
                        Surface
                        CWSs w/ reported
                        health-based
                        violations
678 222 1,176
682,686 61,048 178,240
2,155 528 4,057
6,778,136 145,932 348,483
326 24 162
555,089 3,757 14,563
598 185 565
1,415,489 53,661 61,515
710 448 1,223
828,142 94,654 317,466
583 834 2,485
8,543,186 290,716 422,025
644 160 479
1,612,351 44,192 95,326
233 106 249
2,415,324 40,642 25,105
2,779 759 6,224
17,858,056 329,652 2,883,683
1,302 930 3,152
10,126,083 217,450 461,279
1,135 110 358
3,530,467 20,709 27,335
874 339 1 ,428
3,015,150 73,710 224,877
2,106 1,171 6,352
10,598,998 491,461 824,595
84 77 323
978,901 26,704 55,281
640 156 616
3,438,750 60,052 36,007
462 27 183
661,532 11,940 25,555
690 43 389
5,632,861 31 ,206 58,648
4,472 787 1,212
23,373,519 309,927 251,173
448 64 430
2,402,359 27,448 69,633
1,250 586 1,218
6,349,446 322,708 195,556
451 236 684
449,212 41,678 103,591
2,257 328 1 ,532
5,722,310 135,873 410,788
1 ,081 1 ,044 9,285
3,920,038 196,578 689,634
516 150 510
1,438,527 43,690 34,200
281 85 393
452,042 18,340 80,340
2,076
921 ,974
6,740
7,272,551
512
573,409
1,348
1 ,530,665
2,381
1 ,240,262
3,902
9,255,927
1,283
1 ,751 ,869
588
2,481 ,071
9,762
21 ,071 ,391
5,384
10,804,812
1,603
3,578,511
2,641
3,313,737
9,629
11,915,054
484
1 ,060,886
1,412
3,534,809
672
699,027
1,122
5,722,715
6,471
23,934,619
942
2,499,440
3,054
6,867,710
1,371
594,481
4,117
6,268,971
11,410
4,806,250
1,176
1,516,417
759
550,722

























1 ,848 228
518,462 403,512
6,288 452
1,899,378 5,373,173
412 100
218,583 354,826
1 ,291 57
740,599 790,066
2,313 68
690,495 549,767
3,794 108
3,653,616 5,602,311
1 ,209 74
1 ,491 ,428 260,441
552 36
306,591 2,174,480
8,409 1 ,353
5,420,656 15,650,735
5,034 350
3,413,427 7,391,385
861 742
613,756 2,964,755
2,341 300
770,967 2,542,770
8,997 632
2,506,093 9,408,961
459 25
212,408 848,478
1,145 267
609,132 2,925,677
534 138
288,036 410,991
591 531
1,504,713 4,218,002
5,307 1,164
7,113,604 16,821,015
884 58
1 ,820,835 678,605
2,651 403
829,476 6,038,234
1,245 126
314,711 279,770
3,810 307
2,687,380 3,581 ,591
1 1 ,358 52
3,035,925 1 ,770,325
835 341
306,163 1,210,254
636 123
184,081 366,641

























75
49,287
321
486,402
23
48,391
118
147,232
119
122,532
32
436,907
89
196,600
38
121,761
208
8,417,539
110
1 ,326,954
207
900,627
104
107,250
148
455,321
17
161,197
60
774,275
52
48,000
60
771 ,800
416
2,373,847
52
135,709
162
318,184
71
68,111
240
209,613
99
581 ,777
53
126,224
27
17,875
11%
7%
15%
7%
7%
9%
20%
10%
17%
15%
5%
5%
14%
12%
16%
5%
7%
47%
8%
13%
18%
26%
12%
4%
7%
4%
20%
16%
9%
23%
11%
7%
9%
14%
9%
10%
12%
6%
13%
5%
16%
15%
11%
4%
9%
15%
10%
9%
10%
4%
                50,973
            275,056,938
  18,692
5,709,853
   85,058
13,946,754
154,723
  140,503
99,797,570
    14,220
194,915,975
    5,297
26,075,602

-------
 FY2006 water system data-Tribal
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen inventory table

Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 06Q3 frozen violations table
                                                        Key:
                               # systems
                               Pop served
 Region
   01

   02

   04

   05

   06

   07

   08

   09

   10
 Navajo
 Nation
CWS  NTNCWS   TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based
violations
1 2 2
41,000 60 70
8 1 1
8,580 175 200
16 2 17
19,436 1,107 1,890
79 26 8
87,687 24,485 1,313
47 17 12
60,413 69,885 719
9 5
4,519 2,650
114 11 3
94,373 4,940 860
241 49 35
255,999 81 ,633 7,773
82 18 12
45,918 13,020 3,183
150 4 5
137,507 2,505 1,068
5
41,130
10
8,955
35
22,433
113
113,485
76
131,017
14
7,169
128
100,173
325
345,405
112
62,121
159
141,080










5
41,130
8 2
4,855 4,100
34 1
12,933 9,500
111 2
112,996 489
72 4
125,167 5,850
13 1
6,469 700
103 25
67,912 32,261
306 19
314,999 30,406
99 13
47,608 14,513
154 5
123,798 17,282










0%
0%
0%
0%
3 19%
3,318 17%
1 1%
30 0%
3 6%
4,928 8%
1 11%
700 15%
18 16%
18,395 19%
35 15%
61,610 24%
3 4%
2,525 5%
4 3%
9,790 7%
747 130 100 977 905 72 68
755,432 197,810 19,726 857,867 115,101 101,296
 FY2006 water system data-Commonwealths and Territories
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen inventory table                            Key:
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 06Q3 frozen violations table
                                                             # systems
                                                             Pop served
                CWS NTNCWS   TNCWS
                              Total
          Ground
            Surface
          CWSs w/ reported
          health-based
          violations
Amer.
Samoa
Guam
N.
Marianas
Puerto
Rico
Virgin
Islands
19
51,435
5 2
193,754 620
65 27 11
95,983 7,625 1 ,298
456 53 5
5,467,618 45,462 2,314
74 141 86
78,968 46,936 10,628
19
51 ,435
7
194,374
103
104,906
514
5,515,394
301
136,532





13 6
5,277 46,158
4 3
154,370 40,004
99 4
38,424 66,482
278 236
801,958 4,713,436
298 3
67,532 69,000





11
48,000

1
140
234
3,602,485

58%
93%
0%
0%
2%
0%
51%
66%
0%
0%
619 223 102 944 692 252 246
5,887,758 100,643 14,240 1,067,561 4,935,080 3,650,625

-------
Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA)-
Strategic Sub-objective For Drinking Water 2.1.1

GPRA requires agencies to develop plans for what they intend to accomplish, measure how
well they are doing, make appropriate decisions based on the information they have
gathered, and communicate information about their performance to Congress and to the
public.

EPA Strategic Objective 2.1:  Protect Public Health,  Sub-objective 2.1.1: Water Safe To
Drink: By 2008, 95% of the population served by community water systems will receive
drinking water that meets  all applicable health-based drinking water standards through
effective treatment and source water protection. (2002 Baseline: 93.6 percent of population;
note that year-to-year performence is expected to change over time as new standards take
effect.)

Notice: These measures are  based on violations reported by states to the EPA Safe
Drinking Water Information System. EPA is aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of
some data in this system.  We are working with the  states to improve the quality of the data.
By EPA region
Nationally 123456789 10
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
89.4%
88.5%
90.0%
89.6%
93.6%
90.8%
90.7%
90.5%
89.0%
86.5%
85.6%
83.8%
83.0%
78.8%













92%
92%
93%
89%
88%
65%
62%
75%
64%
62%
60%
57%
57%
60%
61%
55%
80%
54%
81%
77%
76%
61%
60%
55%
53%
52%
55%
56%
93%
93%
85%
95%
98%
98%
97%
98%
97%
97%
92%
91%
87%
85%
93%
93%
93%
93%
96%
95%
95%
95%
95%
93%
93%
92%
90%
90%
92%
94%
96%
95%
94%
92%
95%
95%
95%
92%
92%
92%
88%
77%
88%
88%
92%
93%
93%
96%
96%
95%
95%
93%
94%
88%
87%
92%
91%
91%
92%
93%
95%
90%
95%
95%
94%
95%
95%
95%
94%
93%
96%
95%
92%
92%
97%
94%
94%
94%
93%
91%
92%
90%
91%
92%
98%
95%
86%
98%
99%
97%
94%
97%
95%
95%
91%
88%
90%
69%
95%
95%
93%
93%
91%
83%
83%
94%
89%
74%
74%
75%
87%
85%
CT NJ DE AL IL AR IA CO AZ AK
ME NY DC FL IN LA KS MT CA ID
MA PR MD GA Ml NM MO ND HI OR
NH VI PA KY MN OK NE SD NV WA
Rl VA MS OH TX UT AS
VT WV NC Wl WY GU
SC MP
TN PW
Health-based violations include Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), Maximum Residual Disinfectant
Level (MRDL) and Treatment Technique (TT) violations.
Population data are based on active, current water systems
For FY2006, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen tables.
For FY2005, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 05Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2004, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 04Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2003, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 03Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2002, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2001, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables. CA population data from OOQ4 frozen tables
For FY2000, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables.
For FY1999, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1998, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1997 and earlier, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q1 frozen tables.

-------
Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA)--
Strategic Targets for Regulations In Place Before 12/2001

GPRA requires agencies to develop plans for what they intend to accomplish, measure how well
they are doing, make appropriate decisions based on the information they have gathered, and
communicate information about their performance to Congress and to the public.

EPA Strategic Targets: by 2008, 95% of community water systems and 95% of the population
served by them will provide drinking water that meets all existing health-based standards with
which systems need to comply as of December 2001. (2002 Baseline: 93.6% of the population,
91.6 percent of systems).

Notice: These measures are based on violations reported by states to the EPA Safe Drinking
Water Information System. EPA is aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of some data in this
system. We are working with the states to improve the quality of the data.
 % Population served
                  By EPA region
      Nationally
           1
           10
 2006
 2005
 2004
 2003
 2002
91.5%
91.0%
92.2%
91.0%
93.7%
94%
93%
94%
90%
88%
65%
62%
86%
59%
81%
95%
95%
92%
97%
98%
96%
95%
95%
94%
96%
93%
95%
96%
95%
94%
92%
94%
96%
96%
94%
95%
94%
93%
94%
95%
97%
96%
93%
93%
97%
98%
95%
86%
98%
99%
96%
95%
93%
93%
91%
 % Systems The systems measure was added to provide context to the population-based
                 measure because it is less volatile and is not biased towards large systems.
                  By EPA region
      Nationally
           1
8
10
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
91.7%
91.7%
91.8%
92.1%
91.6%





86%
87%
87%
86%
86%
90%
88%
90%
90%
89%
93%
94%
92%
93%
92%
94%
94%
94%
93%
94%
92%
93%
93%
94%
93%
93%
93%
93%
93%
93%
91%
90%
90%
89%
87%
92%
92%
92%
92%
92%
91%
92%
92%
95%
95%
88%
87%
87%
88%
87%
CT NJ DE AL IL AR IA CO AZ AK
ME NY DC FL IN LA KS MT CA ID
MA PR MD GA Ml NM MO ND HI OR
NH VI PA KY MN OK NE SD NV WA
Rl VA MS OH TX UT AS
VT WV NC Wl WY GU
SC MP
TN PW
Health-based violations include Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and Treatment Technique (TT) violations.
Population data are based on active, current water systems
For FY2006, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen tables.
For FY2005, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 05Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2004, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 04Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2003, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 03Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2002, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables.

-------
Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA)--
Strategic Targets for Regulations In Place After 2001

GPRA requires agencies to develop plans for what they intend to accomplish, measure
how well they are doing, make appropriate decisions based on the information they have
gathered, and communicate information about their performance to Congress and to the
public.

EPA Strategic Targets: by 2008, 80% of community water systems and 95% of the
population served by them will provide drinking water that meets all existing health-based
standards with a compliance date of January 2002 or later.

Notice: These measures are based on violations reported by states to the EPA Safe
Drinking Water Information System. EPA is aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of
some data in this system.  We are working with the states to improve the quality of the
data.
Applicable standards in FY2006:
         * Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule-CWSs w/ surface water sources
              serving 10,000 or more people
         * Disinfection By-Products (DBP) Rule for CWSs that disinfect. In FY2003, this
              rule applied to systems serving >10,000 people
 % Population served
                    By EPA region
                     1    23456789    10
 Nationally
2006
2005
2004
2003
        97.3%
        97.2%
        99.2%
        93.1%
98%
99%
99%
96%
97%
97%
99%
76%
97%
97%
100%
92%
97%
97%
99%
93%
99%
99%
100%
99%
94%
93%
98%
86%
97%
97%
99%
92%
98%
98%
99%
98%
99%
99%
100%
100%
99%
99%
100%
100%
 % Systems The systems measure was added to provide context to the population-based
                   measure because it is less volatile and is not biased towards large systems.
                    By EPA region
Natio
2006
2005
2004
2003







nally
96.9%
96.3%
96.6%
95.7%








1
98%
99%
99%
98%
CT
ME
MA
NH
Rl
VT


2
90%
85%
84%
79%
NJ
NY
PR
VI




3
98%
98%
92%
98%
DE
DC
MD
PA
VA
WV


4
97%
98%
98%
97%
AL
FL
GA
KY
MS
NC
SC
TN
5
99%
99%
100%
100%
IL
IN
Ml
MN
OH
Wl


6
95%
93%
96%
94%
AR
LA
NM
OK
TX



7
97%
97%
99%
97%
IA
KS
MO
NE




8
99%
99%
99%
99%
CO
MT
ND
SD
UT
WY


9
100%
99%
100%
100%
AZ
CA
HI
NV
AS
GU
MP
PW
10
99%
100%
100%
100%
AK
ID
OR
WA




Health-based violations include Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
(MRDL), and Treatment Technique (TT) violations.
Population data are based on all active Community Water Systems
For FY2006, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen tables.
For FY2005, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 05Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2004, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 04Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2003, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 03Q4 frozen tables.

-------
CWS violations reported by FY
                       FY2006 data from SDW1S/FED 06Q3 frozen tables
                       FY2005 data from SDW1S/FED 05Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem M/Rs which will be from 06Q1
                       FY2004 data from SDWIS/FED 04Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem M/Rs which are from 05Q1
                       FY2003 data from SDWIS/FED 03Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem M/Rs which are from 04Q1
                       FY2002 data from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem M/Rs which are from 03Q1
           Number of violations
        FY        MCL       MRDL           TT         M/R       Other*        Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
9,242
9,739
5,562
4,884
4,693
7
4
6
1

2,790
3,036
2,168
2,299
2,408
67,301
124,605
96,225
68,840
80,635
19,245
18,414
14,459
12,671
1 1 ,759
98,585
155,798
118,420
88,695
99,495
           Number of systems in violation
        FY        MCL       MRDL
                           M/R
          Other*
           Population affected
FY2006 CWS results, by system size
           Number of violations
          	MCL       MRDL           T
 Very small
     Small
    Medium
     Large
 Very large
                           M/R
          Other
           Number of systems in violation
                  MCL
MRDL
M/R
Other
 Very small
     Small
    Medium
     Large
 Very large
           Population affected
                  MCL       MRDL
                           M/R
          Other
 Very small
     Small
    Medium
     Large
 Very large
            Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
4,438
4,472
3,455
3,069
3,193
3
4
4
1

1,538
1,625
1,409
1,458
1,482
13,106
14,403
13,693
12,880
12,430
9,600
10,258
8,947
8,109
8,386
21 ,677
22,902
21 ,200
20,343
20,232
FY
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
MCL
16,918,011
19,228,465
15,060,424
16,082,938
8,800,095
MRDL
46,344
424,859
3,617
2,250
TT
16,612,762
16,879,450
16,588,301
16,969,087
9,245,467
M/R
52,415,065
62,51 1 ,599
51,043,156
49,812,213
32,503,639
Other*
23,372,794
23,442,800
17,833,120
12,726,332
17,809,478
Total
83,638,885
91 ,626,483
79,058,089
81 ,672,086
56,644,512
            Total
4,653
2,868
978
719
24


5
2

1,439
829
271
216
35
48,547
1 1 ,532
4,261
2,810
151
14,204
3,530
885
584
42
68,843
18,759
6,400
4,331
252
Total
2,400
1,257
478
293
10


1
2

837
417
167
102
15
8,818
2,855
800
577
56
6,498
2,125
580
371
26
13,795
5,148
1,580
1,062
92
            Total
390,967
1 ,839,900
2,750,889
6,957,662
4,978,593


8,994
37,350

139,946
638,888
965,283
3,095,924
11,772,721
1 ,369,845
3,787,468
4,642,865
15,127,061
27,487,826
998,387
2,849,673
3,258,524
9,405,653
6,860,557
2,171,384
7,051 ,980
9,082,041
27,537,274
37,796,206
* Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
  This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
Compliance information since FY2003 includes new DBP and IESWTR rules

-------
NTNCWS violations reported  by FY
                    FY2006 data from SDW1S/FED 06Q3 frozen tables
                    FY2005 data from SDW1S/FED 05Q4 frozen tables,
                    FY2004 data from SDWIS/FED 04Q4 frozen tables,
                    FY2003 data from SDWIS/FED 03Q4 frozen tables,
                    FY2002 data from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables,
         Number of violations
      FY       MCL       MRDL          TT       M/R
              except for Chem M/Rs which will be from 06Q1
              except for Chem M/Rs which are from 05Q1
              except for Chem M/Rs which are from 04Q1
              except for Chem M/Rs which are from 03Q1
                  Other
         Number of systems in violation
      FY       MCL      MRDL          TT
          M/R
        Other
         Population affected
      FY       MCL      MRDL
TT
M/R
Other
                    Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
1,903
1,980
1,381
1,391
1,336
827
1 853
681
680
720
33,512
54,561
37,514
32,578
38,805
2,063
717
538
503
227
38,305
58,112
40,114
35,152
41,088
            Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
1,227
1,207
1,033
1,029
1,005
539
1 550
474
495
529
5,150
5,591
4,963
4,758
5,322
1,059
491
356
317
155
6,609
6,822
5,999
5,803
6,267
Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
409,163
352,038
288,280
266,522
302,322
170,672
110 164,644
130,242
140,053
165,522
1,674,286
1,668,159
1,402,090
1,434,673
1,566,034
277,538
122,177
88,003
85,026
57,016
2,139,678
2,044,368
1,713,877
1,748,569
1,897,686
TNCWS violations reported by FY
         Number of violations
      FY       MCL      MRDL
    2006
    2005
    2004
    2003
    2002
TT
M/R
Other
         Number of systems in violation
      FY       MCL      MRDL          TT
          M/R
        Other
         Population affected
      FY       MCL      MRDL
    2006
    2005
    2004
    2003
    2002
TT
M/R
Other
Total
5,287
5,043
5,032
5,082
4,837
474
502
415
573
626
32,767
37,505
38,705
35,005
39,451
19,010
4,800
3,028
8,640
2,339
57,538
47,850
47,180
49,300
47,253
            Total
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
4,082
3,977
3,974
4,071
3,858
211
215
195
245
249
15,575
17,556
17,334
17,439
19,191
6,417
2,284
1,697
3,685
1,142
21,816
21,258
20,680
21,360
22,193
Total
1 ,297,464
542,026
549,673
541 ,950
504,967
50,372
86,648
51,915
40,518
60,692
2,166,907
2,264,085
2,207,974
2,160,890
2,154,654
642,080
344,41 1
234,291
340,950
137,795
3,597,017
2,816,995
2,708,036
2,649,642
2,552,563
* Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
         This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
Compliance information since FY2003 includes new DBP and IESWTR rules

-------
FY2006 MCL,  MRDL  and TT violations reported
From SDW1S/FED 06Q3 frozen violations table
Microbials:
 Very small    Small     Medium      Large
   25-500     501-3,300  3,301-10,0000,001-100,00
 Applies to all water systems
                                                            Very Large
                                                             >100,000
Total

TCR/T

7,847
5,974
640,584
972
780
1,019,876
298
247
1,466,910
223
176
3,954,458
9
7
4,229,956
9,349
7,184
11,311,784
              Applies to surface water systems  that disinfect ( TNCWSs that use CIO2)

Stage 1 DBP

1,527
532
104,540
1,989
663
1,040,109
637
253
1,410,896
168
86
1 ,880,893
4,321
1,534
4,436,438
              Applies to surface water systems

SWTR

938
450
72,670
308
146
202,606
74
55
330,107
61
25
805,610
5
3
7,686,534
1,386
679
9,097,527
              Applies to surface water systems

IE<1SWTR

183
62
11,514
153
82
131,358
58
36
199,015
98
39
1 ,347,375
24
10
3,153,486
516
229
4,842,748
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
voc
soc
56
22
2,791
19
12
1,644
8
6
10,137
10
6
6,640
1
1
3,825
3
2
8,441
4
2
108,360

69
31
125,113
32
20
16,725
Inorganics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Arsenic
Other IOC
789
466
55,900
325
243
37,731
321
113
18,658
114
62
75,051
85
67
87,199
51
20
31 ,072
2
1
7,994
29
16
91,432
10
8
51,197
6
5
144,743
9
4
192,734
15
7
203,708
1
1
983,264


912
535
1,266,952
448
330
409,096
397
148
304,635
              Applies to CWS

Radionuclides

629
208
37,014
244
78
104,669
110
38
223,160
280
37
921 ,670
14
2
256,221
1,277
363
1 ,542,734
              Applies to CWS and NTNCWS

Lead & Copper

1,196
876
128,327
287
217
281 ,988
52
37
212,265
23
18
529,631
6
2
932,701
1,564
1,150
2,084,912
Acronyms:
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/Turbidity
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
IE<1SWTR = Interim Enhanced and Long Term 1 Surface Water Treatment Rule
DBP = Disinfectants By-Products Rule
VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs (which are listed in DBP Rule)
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite

-------
FY2006 Monitoring  violations  reported
From SDWIS/FED 06Q3 frozen violations table
Microbials:
 Very small    Small      Medium
   25-500     501-3,300  3,301-10,000
 Applies to all water systems
Large
10,001-100,000
Key:
Very Large
>1 00,000
# violations
# systems
Pop. affected
Total

TCR/T

29,330
18,131
1 ,930,825
2,773
1,806
2,190,593
438
282
1,648,181
220
180
4,487,875
29
23
5,517,000
32,790
20,422
15,774,474
              Applies to surface water systems that disinfect ( TNCWSs that use CIO2)
Stage 1 DBP
4,039 1 ,525
1 ,957 748
333,253 1,013,089
403 244 18
213 154 12
1,214,795 3,676,519 5,251,815
6,229
3,084
1 1 ,489,471
              Applies to surface water systems

SWTR

1,474
349
66,103
392
154
192,287
93
48
260,467
43
21
736,399
8
4
1 ,292,000
2,010
576
2,547,256
              Applies to surface water systems

IE<1SWTR

388
101
21 ,669
308
93
133,807
78
42
255,765
46
27
1 ,046,725
13
8
4,812,677
833
271
6,270,643
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
voc
soc
26,065
825
100,839
11,218
334
37,994
4,972
185
233,866
1,338
66
81,329
1,162
39
223,546
661
33
176,756
773
30
959,255
302
22
566,004
20
1
178,164

32,992
1,080
1 ,695,670
13,519
455
862,083
Inorganics:    Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Arsenic
Other IOC
7,560
6,241
646,654
423
383
52,818
2,168
222
27,845
691
515
627,294
94
84
121,136
459
50
80,118
134
82
432,770
22
20
104,137
180
18
98,684
131
69
2,036,417
19
18
525,329
153
18
508,961
16
9
3,283,081


8,532
6,916
7,026,216
558
505
803,420
2,960
308
715,608
              Applies to CWS

Radionuclides

478
139
20,468
164
49
63,761
72
21
126,632
87
15
390,766
1
1
660,000
802
225
1 ,261 ,627
              Applies to CWS and NTNCWS

Lead & Copper

10,215
7,130
1 ,01 1 ,780
2,148
1,580
1,932,859
408
328
1,888,082
226
189
4,503,845
30
15
14,075,648
13,027
9,242
23,412,214
Acronyms:
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/Turbidity
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
IE<1SWTR = Interim Enhanced and Long Term 1 Surface Water Treatment Rule
DBP = Disinfectants By-Products Rule
VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs (which are listed in DBP Rule)
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite

-------
 Underground Injection  Control program-inventory of wells
Types of wells:
   Class I   Deep industrial waste disposal
   Class  II   For oil and natural gas production
  Class III   Related to mineral recovery
  Class IV   Banned, inject hazardous or radioactive waste above USDWs
   Class V   Generally shallow disposal wells. There are an estimated 650,000 Class V wells nationally

Class I through IV data from annual reporting by states and EPA Regions
The Class V estimate is based on state estimates and modeling of storm water and large capacity septics
             Class I   Class I non-
            hazardous  hazardous
           waste wells waste wells


Class II
wells

Class III
facilities
(which may
contain
multiple
wells)


Class III
wells

Class IV
facilities
(which may
contain
multiple
wells)
AK
AL
AR
AZ
CA
CO
FL
IA
IL
IN
KS
KY
LA
Ml
MO
MS
MT
ND
NE
NM
NV
NY
OH
OK
OR
PA
SD
TN
TX
UT
VA
WA
WV
WY
6
	 e, y.y.'.'io.

6
	 : ' " 5'
1 .. 136...

3- " 	 V
4 7.
6. 44'
1
." ..i^I 28"
9 15:
	 " "e;" ' i"_

i 2
1
""""' '"" "5':

....... ... _,
10, 2,
	 11 "
• •- 	 ; • • 10:--


60: 46-

y '" " 3:'


"' 	 '" "" 23.'"
EPA R2 tribal : ' " 1
EPA R6 tribal) 1
EPA R8 tribal
EPA R9 tribal " " "\
925
347:
1,078

24,955"
787
	 54:
1 ; '
8,949
1,340,
16,371
3,429
3,824:
1,459
211":'
881'
897
377:
704.
5,577-
12:
503
2,890:
11,448
2.
1,897,
63
14'
51, 998 i
256
252:
1
700.!
4,666'
12
2,674 :
72Z\ "
542.
1 y

	 3;
1"
2




5:

-\5-
3




1 •
'19;

6;
3.
1 i
r:


86
1
1;

" 3';'
.... 12-


3f

15
73'"
35.:




157;

67*
"22;



1,879
104,

126<
47'
1-
10,


5,789;
4,
'' " '3:

31 :
8,211.






















...1






2
1


1


                  122
364    146,878
164
16,577

-------