United States     Office of Water     EPA816-R-01-010
      Environmental Protection  (4606)       October 2001
      Agency
&EPA Final State
      Implementation
      Guidance
      for the
      Public Notification
      (PN) Rule

      Appendices A - D

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                           Table of Contents
Appendix A.
      State Primacy Revision Application Package for the PN Rule -
       Example Format	A-1

            State Primacy Revision Checklist 	A-3
            Text of State's Regulation	A-4
            Primacy Revision Crosswalk 	A-5
            State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist	A-41
            Special Primacy Requirements  	A-42
            Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability 	A-45
            Revised Appendix A to Subpart O 	A-47

Appendix B.

      State Primacy Revision Application Package for the PN and CCR Rules -
      Example Format  	B-1

            State Primacy Revision Checklist 	B-3
            Text of State's Regulation	B-4
            Primacy Revision Crosswalk 	B-5
            State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist	B-29
            Special Primacy Requirements  	B-30
            Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability 	B-31

Appendix C.

      SDWIS Reporting (Draft Final Version)  	C-1


Appendix D.

      PN Rule Appendices	D-1

            NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring Public Notice  	D-1
            (Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 141)

            Standard Health Effects Language for Public Notification	D-10
            (Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 141)

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Appendix A.  State Primacy Revision Application
                  Package for the PN Rule - Example Format

      This Appendix describes the elements of a State's Primacy Revision Application
package for the PN Rule. A State Primacy Revision Application package should
contain the following sections:

      Section I.    State  Primacy Revision Checklist

                  ••     Listing of program elements from 40 CFR 142.10 that the
                        State may have  revised in response to the new rule.

      Section II.    Text of the State's Regulation

      Section III.   Primacy Revision Crosswalk

                  ••     Identification of how State regulations correspond to each
                        requirement prescribed of the federal PN Rule.

      Section IV.   State  Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist

                  ••     Explanation of how State reporting and recordkeeping
                        requirements are consistent with federal requirements.

      Section V.    Special Primacy Requirements

                  ••     Explanation of how a State will address the special primacy
                        requirements identified in 40 CFR 142.16.

      Section VI.   Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability

                  ••     Statement that State regulations can be enforced by the
                        State government.


      Example formats for these sections are presented on the following pages.

      After  a  State's primacy revision  application  has been approved,  the Regional
Administrator must  provide  public  notice  and  opportunity  for   hearing  on   EPA's
determination.  The Regional Administrator  is required to publish in the Federal Register
the proposed  determination,  along  with  a statement  of  supporting  reasons,  and
notification that a public hearing may be requested.
                                      A-1

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        Review of State Primacy Revision Application
                                for the
                   Public Notification (PN) Rule
CONTENTS:

1.     § 142.10 Requirements - State Primacy Revision Checklist
2.     Text of the State's Regulation
3.     § 141  Requirements - Primacy Revision Crosswalk
4.     § 142.14 and 15 - State Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
5.     §142.16 - Special Primacy Requirements
6.     Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability
                         State:
                         Date Application Submitted:
                         Date Review Completed:
                         EPA Region:
                         Review Staff:
                                   A-2

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Section I.  State Primacy Revision Checklist - Example Format
      The State Primacy Revision Checklist is a listing of program elements from 40 CFR
142.10 that the State may have revised in response to the new rule.  For the PN Rule,
most States will revise only §141.10(b)(6)(v)  authority to require public water systems to
issue public notices.
State Primacy Revision Checklist
Required Program Elements
§142.10
§142.10(a)
§142.10(b)(1)
§142.10(b)(2)
§142.10(b)(3)
§142.10(b)(4)
§142.10(b)(5)
§142.10(b)(6)(i)
§142.10(b)(6)(ii)
Primary Enforcement
Regulations No Less Stringent
Maintain Inventory
Sanitary Survey Program
Laboratory Certification Program
Laboratory Capability
Plan Review Program
Authority to Apply Regulations
Authority to Sue in Courts of
Competent Jurisdiction
§142.1 0(b)(6)(iii) Right of Entry
§142.1 0(b)(6)(iv)
§142.10(b)(6)(v)
§142.1 0(b)(6)(vi)
§142.10(b)(6)(vii)
§142.10(c)
§142.10(d)
§142.10(e)
Authority to Require Records
Authority to Require Public
Notification
Authority to Assess Civil and
Criminal Penalties
Authority to Require CWSs to
Provide CCRs
Maintenance of Records
Variance/Exemption Conditions
Emergency Plans
Revision to
State
Program
(Yes or No)

















EPA
Findings/Comments

















                                    A-3

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 §142.10(f)        Administrative Penalty Authority
Section II.       Text of State's Regulation
      The text of the State's regulation should be included in this section.
                                        A-4

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Section III.      Primacy Revision Crosswalk - Example Format

      The Primacy Revision Crosswalk will be used by EPA in determining, section by
section, whether the State regulations are as stringent as the federal regulations.

      The revised PN Rule amended the Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) rule as
well as various provisions in  40 CFR Part 141  to  be  consistent with the final Public
Notification Regulation. All of the sections in 40 CFR Part 141 affected by these changes
are listed first in the PN crosswalk beginning on the following page.
                                     A-5

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
STATE
CITATION
Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
SUBPART B - MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS
§141.11- Maximum Contaminant Levels for Inorganic Chemicals
The non-community water system is meeting
the public notification requirements under
§141.209, including continuous posting of the
fact that nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/l and the
potential health effects of exposure; and ....
§141.11(d)(2)


SUBPART C - MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
§141.21 - Coliform Sampling; and
§141.22 -Turbidity Sampling and Analytical Requirements
Amended by revising "§141 .32" to read
"Subpart Q" in §141.21(g)(1) and (g)(2) and
§141.22(b)
§141.21(g)(1)
§141.21(g)(2)
§141.22(b)


§141.23 - Inorganic Chemical Sampling and Analytical Requirements
Amended by revising "§141 .32" to read
"Subpart Q" in §141 .23(n) and (o)
Where nitrate or nitrite sampling results
indicate an exceedance of the maximum
contaminant level, the system shall take a
confirmation sample within 24 hours of the
system's receipt of notification of the
analytical results of the first sample.
Systems unable to comply with the 24-hour
sampling requirement must immediately notify
persons served by the public water system in
accordance with §141.202 and meet other
Tier 1 public notification requirements under
Subpart Q of this part. Systems exercising
this option must take and analyze a
confirmation sample within two weeks of
notification of the analytical results of the first
sample.
§141.23(n)
§141.23(0)
§141.23(f)(2)




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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
STATE
CITATION
Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
§141 .24 - Organic Chemicals Other Than Total Trihalomethanes, Sampling and Analytical
Requirements
Amended by removing §141.24(f)(15)(iii)
and§141.24(h)(11)(iii)
§141.24(f)(15)(iii)
§141.24(h)(11)(iii)


§141.26 - Monitoring Frequency for Radioactivity in Community Water Systems; and
§141.30 -Total Trihalomethanes Sampling, Analytical, and Other Requirements
Amended by revising "§141 .32" to read
"SubpartQ"
§141.26(a)(4)
§141.26(b)(5)
§141.30(d)


SUBPART D - REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING
§141.31- Reporting Requirements
The public water system, within 10 days of
completing the public notification requirements
under Subpart Q of this part for the initial
public notice and any repeat notices, must
submit to the primacy agency a certification
that it has fully complied with the public
notification regulations. The public water
system must include with this certification a
representative copy of each type of notice
distributed, published, posted, and made
available to persons served by the system
and to the media.
§141.31(d)


§141.33 -Record Maintenance
Copies of public notices issued pursuant to
Subpart Q and certifications made to the
primacy agency pursuant to §141 .31 must be
kept for three years after issuance.
§141.33(e)


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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
STATE
CITATION
Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
SUBPART G - NATIONAL REVISED PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS AND
MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS
§141.63 - Maximum Contaminant Levels for Microbiological Contaminants
Amended by revising "§141.32" to read
"SubpartQ" in§141.63(b)
§141.63(b)


SUBPART H - FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
§141.75 - Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
If at any time the turbidity exceeds 5 NTU, the
system must consult with the primacy agency
as soon as practical, but no later than 24
hours after the exceedance is known, in
accordance with the public notification
requirements under §141 .203(b)(3).
If at any time the turbidity exceeds 5 NTU, the
system must consult with the primacy agency
as soon as practical, but no later than 24
hours after the exceedance is known, in
accordance with the public notification
requirements under §141 .203(b)(3).
§141.75(a)(5)(ii)
§141.75(b)(3)(ii)


SUBPART L - DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS,
AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS
§141.133 -Compliance Requirements
Amended by revising "§141.32" to read
"Subpart Q" in §141.133(b)(1)(i), (b)(1(iii),
(b)(2), (b)(3),and(c)(1)(i)
Amended by revising"§141.32(a)(1)(iii)(E)"
(which appears twice) to read "Subpart Q"
in§141.133(c)(2)(i)
§141.133(b)(1)(i)
§141.133(b)(1)(iii)
§141.133(b)(2)
§141.133(b)(3)
§141.133(c)(1)(i)
§141.133(c)(2)(i)


A-8

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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



Amended by revising "§141.32(e)(78)" to
read"SubpartQ"in§141.133(c)(2)(ii)


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.133(c)(2)(ii)

STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H


If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet


SUBPART O - CONSUMER CONFIDENCE REPORTS
§141.153 - Content of the Reports
A report that contains data on contaminants
that EPA regulates using any of the following
terms must include the applicable definitions:
***
Maximum residual disinfectant level goal or
MRDLG: The level of a drinking water
disinfectant below which there is no known or
expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not
reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants
to control microbial contaminants.
Maximum residual disinfectant level or MRDL:
The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in
drinking water. There is convincing evidence
that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for
control of microbial contaminants.
Contaminants subject to an MCL, action level,
maximum residual disinfectant level, or
treatment technique (regulated contaminants).
The likely source(s) of detected contaminants
to the best of the operator's knowledge.
Specific information regarding contaminants
may be available in sanitary surveys and
source water assessments, and should be
used when available to the operator. If the
operator lacks specific information on the
likely source, the report must include one or
more of the typical sources for that
contaminant listed in Appendix A to this
subpart that are most applicable to the
system.
§141.153(c)(3)



§141.153(c)(3)(iii)





§141.153(c)(3)(iv)




§141.153(d)(1)(i)


§141.153(d)(4)(ix)







































































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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



The table(s) must clearly identify any data
indicating violations of MCLs, MRDLs, or
treatment techniques, and the report must
contain a clear and readily understandable
explanation of the violation including: the
length of the violation, the potential adverse
health effects, and actions taken by the
system to address the violation. To describe
the potential health effects, the system must
use the relevant language of Appendix A to
this subpart.
Lead and copper control requirements
prescribed by Supbart 1 of this part. For
systems that fail to take one or more actions
prescribed by §§ 141.80(d), 141.81, 141.82,
141 .83, or 141 .84, the report must include the
applicable language of Appendix A to this
subpart for lead, copper, or both.
Treatment techniques for acrylamide,
epichlorohydrin prescribed by Subpart K of
this part. For systems that violate the
requirements of Subpart K of this part, the
report must include the relevant language
from Appendix A to this subpart.


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.153(d)(6)










§141.153(f)(3)






§141.153(f)(4)





STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
























If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
























§141.154 - Required Additional Health Information
Community water systems that detect TTHM
above 0.080 mg/l, but below the MCL in
§141.12, as an annual average, monitored
and calculated under provisions of §141.30,
must include health effects language for
TTHMs prescribed by Appendix A.
§141.154(e)

















A-10

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT





FEDERAL
CITATION



STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
§141.155 - Report Delivery and Recordkeeping
Any system subject to this subpart must
retain copies of its Consumer Confidence
Report for no less than 3 years
§141.155(h)








Appendix A to Subpart O
Appendices A, B, and C to Subpart O
(published with the final CCR Rule) contained
various pieces of information about the
contaminants EPA regulates. Those 3
appendices are deleted and the information is
combined into a new, comprehensive
Appendix A to Subpart O.
The new Appendix A to Subpart O contains:
New regulatory and health effects
language from the Stage 1 D/DBP rule
that EPA published in December 1998.
Revised health effects language for
fluoride and fecal coliform/E. coli MCL
violations.
Revised Appendix A to Subpart O can
be found on page A-47, after the PN
crosswalk.
Appendices
A, B, and C
to Subpart O
















































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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT





FEDERAL
CITATION



STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
SUBPART P - ENHANCED FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
§141.175 - Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
If at any time the turbidity exceeds 1 NTU in
representative samples of filtered water in a
system using conventional filtration treatment
or direct filtration, the system must consult
with the primacy agency as soon as practical,
but no later than 24 hours after the
exceedance is known, in accordance with the
public notification requirements under
§141.203(b)(3).
If at any time the turbidity in representative
samples of filtered water exceed the
maximum level set by the State under
§141.173(b) for filtration technologies other
than conventional filtration treatment, direct
filtration, slow sand filtration, or diatomaceous
earth filtration, the system must consult with
the primacy agency as soon as practical, but
no later than 24 hours after the exceedance is
known, in accordance with the public
notification requirements under
§141.203(b)(3).
§141.175(c)(1)








§141.175(c)(2)





















































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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT





FEDERAL
CITATION



STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
SUBPART Q - PUBLIC NOTIFICATION RULE
§141.201- General Public Notification Requirements
Who Must Give Public Notice?
Each owner or operator of a public water
system (community water systems, non-
transient non-community water systems, and
transient non-community water systems) must
give notice for all violations of national primary
drinking water regulations (NPDWR) and for
other situations, as listed in Table 1 to
§141.201 of the federal rule.
The term NPDWR violations is used in this
subpart to include violations of the maximum
contaminant level (MCL), maximum residual
disinfection level (MRDL), treatment
technique (TT), monitoring requirements, and
testing procedures in part 141.
(From Table 1 to §141. 201 -Violation
Categories and Other Situations Requiring a
Public Notice)
(1) NPDWR violations
(i) Failure to comply with an applicable
MCL or MRDL.
(ii) Failure to comply with a prescribed
TT.
(iii) Failure to perform water quality
monitoring, as required by the
drinking water regulations.
(iv) Failure to comply with testing
procedures as prescribed by a
drinking water regulation.
§141.201(a)






















































































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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



(2) Variances and exemptions under
§§1415 and 1416ofSDWA.
(i) Operation under a variance or an
exemption.
(ii) Failure to comply with the
requirements of any schedule that
has been set under a variance or
exemption.
(3) Special public notices
(i) Occurrence of a waterborne disease
outbreak or other waterborne
emergency.
(ii) Exceedance of the nitrate MCL by
non-community water systems
(NCWSs), where granted permission
by the primacy agency under
141. 11(d) of this part.
(iii) Exceedance of the secondary
maximum contaminant level (SMCL)
for fluoride.
(iv) Availability of unregulated
contaminant monitoring data.
(v) Other violations and situations
determined by the primacy agency to
require a public notice under this
subpart, not already listed in
Appendix A.


FEDERAL
CITATION






























STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H



























If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet



























A-14

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



What Type of Public Notice Is Required
for Each Violation or Situation?
Public notice requirements are divided into
three tiers to take into account the
seriousness of the violation or situation and of
any potential adverse health effects that may
be involved. The public notice requirements
for each violation or situation listed in Table 1
of this section are determined by the Tier to
which it is assigned. Table 2 of this section
provides the definition of each Tier. Appendix
A of this part identifies the tier assignment for
each specific violation or situation.
(From Table 2 to §141.201 - Definition of
Public Notice Tiers )
(1) Tier 1 public notice - required for NPDWR
violations and situations with significant
potential to have serious adverse effects
on human health as a result of short-term
exposure.
(2) Tier 2 public notice - required for all other
NPDWR violations and situations with
potential to have serious adverse effects
on human health.
(3) Tier 3 public notice - required for all other
NPDWR violations and situations not
included in Tier 1 and Tier 2.
Who Must Be Notified?
(1) Each PWS must provide public notice to
persons served by the water system, in
accordance with this subpart.
PWSs that sell or otherwise provide
drinking water to other PWSs (i.e., to


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.201(b)


























§141.201(c)
§141.201(c)(1)




STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H

































If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet

































A-15

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                          Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
                FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
    CITATION
    STATE
   CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
    consecutive systems) are required to give
    public notice to the owner or operator of
    the consecutive system. The consecutive
    system is responsible for providing public
    notice to the persons it serves.

(2)  If a PWS has a violation in a portion of
    the distribution system that is physically
    or hydraulically isolated from other parts
    of the distribution  system,  the  primacy
    agency  may  allow the system  to limit
    distribution of the  public notice to only
    persons served  by that portion  of  the
    system  which  is  out of  compliance.
    Permission  by the primacy  agency for
    limiting distribution must be granted in
    writing.

(3)  A copy of the notice must also be sent to
    the primacy agency,  in accordance with
    the requirements under §141.31(d).
§141.201(c)(2)
§141.201(c)(3)
 §141.202 - Tier 1 Public Notice Requirements - Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
Which Violations or Situations Require a
Tier 1 Public Notice?

Table  1  of this  section lists the violation
categories  and other situations  requiring  a
Tier 1  public  notice.   Appendix A to  this
subpart identifies the  Tier  assignment for
each specific violation or situation.

(From  Table  1  to  §141.202  -  Violation
Categories  and Other Situations  Requiring a
Tier 1 Public Notice)

(1)  Violations of the  MCL for total  coliforms
    when  fecal  coliform or E.   coli  are
    present in the water distribution system
§141.202(a)
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                          Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
               FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
                                              FEDERAL
                                              CITATION
    STATE
   CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
    (as specified in §141.63(b)), or when the
    water  system  fails  to test for  fecal
    coliforms or E.  coli when any  repeat
    sample  tests positive for  coliform (as
    specified in §141.21(e));	
(2)  Violation of the MCL for nitrate, nitrite, or
    total  nitrate  and nitrite,  as  defined in
    §141.62, or when the water system fails
    to take a confirmation sample within 24
    hours of the  system's receipt of the first
    sample showing an  exceedance of the
    nitrate  or  nitrite MCL,  as  specified in
    §141.23(f)(2);


(3)  Exceedance  of  the nitrate MCL by non-
    community  water   systems,  where
    permitted to exceed the MCL  by the
    primacy agency under §141.11(d),  as
    required under§141.209;


(4)  Violation  of the  MRDL  for  chlorine
    dioxide, as defined in §141.65(a),  when
    one  or more   samples  taken  in the
    distribution system the day  following an
    exceedance of the MRDL at the entrance
    of  the  distribution  system  exceed the
    MRDL,  or when the  water system  does
    not  take the  required samples  in the
    distribution   system,  as   specified  in
(5)
    Violation  of  the turbidity  MCL  under
    §141.13(b), where  the  primacy agency
    determines after consultation that a Tier
    1  notice is required or where consultation
    does not take place within 24 hours after
    the system learns of the violation;
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                          Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
               FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
    STATE
   CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
(6)  Violation of the Surface Water Treatment
    Rule   (SWTR)  or  Interim  Enhanced
    Surface  Water  Treatment    Rule
    (IESWTR)     treatment  technique
    requirement   resulting   from   a  single
    exceedance  of the maximum  allowable
    turbidity limit (as identified in Appendix A),
    where the primacy agency determines
    after  consultation  that a Tier 1  notice is
    required or where consultation does not
    take  place  within 24  hours  after  the
    system learns of the violation;

(7)  Occurrence   of  a waterborne  disease
    outbreak, as  defined  in §141.2, or other
    waterborne emergency (such as a failure
    or  significant interruption in  key water
    treatment processes,  a natural disaster
    that  disrupts  the water  supply  or
    distribution system, or a chemical spill or
    unexpected   loading  of   possible
    pathogens into the  source water  that
    significantly  increases  the  potential for
    drinking water contamination);

(8)  Other  violations  or   situations   with
    significant potential   to  have  serious
    adverse  effects  on human health  as  a
    result  of  short-term   exposure,  as
    determined by the primacy agency either
    in its regulations  or on a case-by-case
    basis.
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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



When is the Tier 1 Public Notice to be
Provided? What Additional Steps Are
Required?
PWSs must:
(1) Provide public notice as soon as practical
but no later than 24 hours after the
system learns of the violation;
(2) Initiate consultation with the primacy
agency as soon as practical, but no later
than 24 hours after the PWS learns of the
violation or situation, to determine
additional public notice requirements; and
(3) Comply with any additional public
notification requirements (including any
repeat notices or direction on the duration
of posted notices) that are established as
a result of the consultation with the
primacy agency. Such requirements may
include the timing, form, manner,
frequency, and content of repeat notices
(if any) and other actions designed to
reach all persons served.
What is the Form and Manner of the
Public Notice?
PWSs must provide the notice within 24 hours
in a form and manner reasonably calculated
to reach all persons served. The form and
manner used by the PWS are to fit the
specific situation, but must be designed to
reach residential, transient, and non-transient
users of the water system.


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.202(b)



§141.202(b)(1)


§141.202(b)(2)




§141.202(b)(3)









§141.202(c)








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               FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
    CITATION
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   CITATION

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In order to reach all persons served, water
systems are to use, at a minimum, one or
more of the following forms of delivery:

(1)  Appropriate broadcast media  (such as
    radio and television);

(2)  Posting  of  the  notice  in  conspicuous
    locations throughout the area served by
    the water system;

(3)  Hand delivery of the notice to persons
    served by the water system; or

(4)  Another delivery method approved in
    writing by the primacy agency.
§141.202(c)(1)


§141.202(c)(2)



§141.202(c)(3)


§141.202(c)(4)
§141.203 - Tier 2 Public Notice Requirements - Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
Which Violations or Situations Require a
Tier 2 Public Notice?

Table  1  of this section  lists  the  violation
categories  and  other  situations requiring a
Tier 2 public notice.   Appendix A to  this
subpart identifies the tier assignment for each
specific violation or situation.
(From  Table  1   to  §141.203  -  Violation
Categories  and Other Situations  Requiring a
Tier 2 Public Notice)

(1)  All violations  of the  MCL,  MRDL,  and
    treatment technique requirements, except
    where a Tier  1 notice is required under
    §141.202(a)   or   where  the  primacy
    agency determines that a Tier 1 notice is
    required;

(2)  Violations of the  monitoring  and testing
    procedure   requirements,   where  the
    primacy agency determines that a Tier 2
§141.203(a)
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             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
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    rather than a  Tier  3  public notice  is
    required,  taking  into  account potential
    health impacts and  persistence  of the
    violation; and
(3)  Failure to comply  with  the  terms and
    conditions of any variance or exemption in
    place.
When is the Tier 2 Public Notice to be
Provided?

(1)  PWSs must provide public notice as soon
    as practical, but no  later than 30 days
    after the system learns of the violation.

    If the public notice is posted,  the notice
    must remain in place for as long as the
    violation or situation  persists,  but in no
    case for less than seven days,  even if the
    violation or situation  is resolved.   The
    primacy  agency  may,  in  appropriate
    circumstances, allow additional time for
    the  initial notice of up to three months
    from the  date the system learns of the
    violation.    Extensions  granted by the
    primacy agency must be in writing.

(2)  The PWS must repeat  the  notice every
    three months, as long as the violation or
    situation persists,  unless  the  primacy
    agency  determines  that  appropriate
    circumstances  warrant a different repeat
    notice frequency.

    In no circumstance may the repeat notice
    be given less  frequently  than  once  per
    year.   Primacy  agency  determinations
    allowing repeat notices  to be given less
    frequently than once every three months
    must be in writing.
§141.203(b)
§141.203(b)(1)
§141.203(b)(2)
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             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
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(3)  For the turbidity violations specified in this
    paragraph, PWSs  must consult with the
    primacy agency as soon as practical but
    no later than 24  hours after  the  PWS
    learns  of  the  violation,  to  determine
    whether a Tier 1 public notice  under
    §141.202(a) is required to protect public
    health.

    When consultation does not take  place
    within  the 24-hour  period,  the   water
    system must distribute a Tier 1  notice  of
    the violation within the next 24 hours (i.e.,
    no later than 48 hours after the system
    learns  of  the violation), following the
    requirements under §141.202(b) and (c).

    Consultation with the primacy agency  is
    required for:

    (i)  Violation  of  the turbidity MCL under
       §141.13(b); or

    (ii) Violation  of the  SWTR or  IESWTR
       treatment   technique  requirement
       resulting from a single exceedance  of
       the maximum allowable turbidity limit.
§141.203(b)(3)
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What is the Form and Manner of the
Tier 2 Public Notice?
PWSs must provide the initial public notice
and any repeat notices in a form and manner
that is reasonably calculated to reach
persons served in the required time period.
The form and manner of the public notice may
vary based on the specific situation and type
of water system, but it must at a minimum
meet the following requirements:
(1) Unless directed otherwise by the
primacy agency in writing, a CWS must
provide notice by:
(i) Mail or other direct delivery to each
customer receiving a bill and to other
service connections to which water is
delivered by the PWS; and
(ii) Any other method reasonably
calculated to reach other persons
regularly served by the system, if
they would not normally be reached
by the notice required in paragraph
(c)(1)(i) of this section.
Such persons may include those who
do not pay water bills or do not have
service connection addresses (e.g.
house renters, apartment dwellers,
university students, nursing home
patients, prison inmates, etc.)


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.203(c)









§141.203(c)(1)


§141.203(c)(1)(i)



§141.203(c)(1)(ii)











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REQUIREMENT



Other methods may include:
publication in a local newspaper;
delivery of multiple copies for
distribution by customers that provide
drinking water to others (e.g.
apartment building owners or large
private employers); posting in public
places served by the system or on
the Internet; or delivery to community
organizations.
(2) Unless otherwise directed by the primacy
agency in writing, a NCWS must provide
notice by:
(i) Posting the notice in conspicuous
locations throughout the distribution
system frequented by persons
served by the system, or by mail or
direct delivery to each customer and
service connection (where known);
and
(ii) Any other method reasonably
calculated to reach other persons
served by the system if they would
not normally be reached by the
notice required in paragraph (c)(2)(i)
of this section.
Such persons may include those
served who may not see a posted
notice because the posted notice is
not in a location they routinely pass
by. Other methods may include:
publication in a local newspaper or
newsletter distributed to customers;
use of E-mail to notify employees or
students; or delivery of multiple
copies in central locations (e.g.,
community centers).


FEDERAL
CITATION













§141.203(c)(2)


§141.203(c)(2)(i)






§141.203(c)(2)(ii)
















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FEDERAL
CITATION



STATE
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§141.204 -Tier 3 Public Notice Requirements - Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
Which Violations or Situations Require a
TierS Public Notice?
Table 1 of this section list the violation
categories and other situations requiring a
Tier 3 public notice. Appendix A to this
subpart identifies the tier assignment for
each specific violation or situation.
(From Table 1 to §141.204 -Violation
Categories and Other Situations Requiring a
TierS Public Notice)
(1) Monitoring violations under 40 CFR part
141, except where a Tier 1 notice is
required under §141. 202(a) or where the
primacy agency determines that a Tier 2
notice is required;
(1) Failure to comply with a testing
procedure established in 40 CFR part
141, except where Tier 1 notice is
required under §141. 202(a) or where the
primacy agency determines that a Tier 2
notice is required;
(2) Operation under a variance granted
under section 1415 or exemption granted
under section 1416 of the Safe Drinking
Water Act;
(3) Availability of unregulated contaminant
monitoring results, as required under
§141.207; and
(4) Exceedance of the fluoride SMCL, as
required under§141.208.
§141.204(a)

























































































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REQUIREMENT



When is the Tier 3 Public Notice to be
Provided?
(1) PWSs must provide the public notice not
later than one year after the PWS learns
of the violation or situation or begins
operating under a variance or exemption.
Following the initial notice the PWS must
repeat the notice annually for as long as
the violation, variance, exemption, or
other situation persists.
If the public notice is posted, the notice
must remain in place for as long as the
violation, variance, exemption, or other
situation persists, but in no case less than
seven days (even if the violation or
situation is resolved).
(2) Instead of individual Tier 3 public notices,
a PWS may use an annual report
detailing all violations and situations that
occurred during the previous twelve
months, as long as the timing
requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this
section are met.
What is the Form and Manner of the
TierS Public Notice?
PWSs must provide the initial notice and any
repeat notices in a form and manner that is
reasonably calculated to reach persons
served in the required time period. The form
and manner of the public notice may vary
based on the specific situation and type of
water system, but it must at a minimum meet
the following requirements:
(1) Unless directed otherwise by the primacy


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.204(b)

§141.204(b)(1)













§141.204(b)(2)






§141.204(c)









§141.204(c)(1)
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agency in writing, community water
systems must provide notice by:
(i) Mail or other direct delivery to each
customer receiving a bill and to other
service connections to which water is
delivered by the PWS; and
(ii) Any other method reasonably
calculated to reach other persons
regularly served by the system, if
they would not normally be reached
by the notice required in paragraph
(c)(1)(i) of this section.
Such persons may include those who
do not pay water bills or do not have
service connection addresses (e.g.,
house renters, apartment dwellers,
university students, nursing home
patients, prison inmates, etc..).
Other methods may include:
publication in a local newspaper;
delivery of multiple copies for
distribution by customers that provide
their drinking water to others (e.g.,
apartment building owners or large
private employers); posting in public
places or on the Internet; or delivery
to community organizations.


FEDERAL
CITATION





§141.204(c)(1)(i)



§141.204(c)(1)(ii)




















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(2) Unless otherwise directed by the primacy
agency in writing, a NCWS must provide
notice by:
(i) Posting the notice in conspicuous
locations throughout the distribution
system frequented by persons
served by the system, or by mail or
direct delivery to each customer and
service connection (where known);
and
(ii) Any other method reasonably
calculated to reach other persons
served by the system, if they would
not normally be reached by the
notice required in paragraph (c)(2)(i)
of this section.
Such persons may include those who
may not see a posted notice
because the notice is not in a location
they routinely pass by.
Other methods may include:
publication in a local newspaper or
newsletter distributed to customers;
use of E-mail to notify employees or
students; or, delivery of multiple
copies in central locations (e.g.,
community centers).


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.204(c)(2)


§141.204(c)(2)(i)






§141.204(c)(2)(ii)
















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In What Situations May the Consumer
Confidence Report (CCR) Be Used to Meet
the Tier 3 Public Notice Requirements?
For community water systems, the CCR
required under subpart O of this part may be
used as a vehicle for the initial Tier 3 public
notice and all required repeat notices, as long
as:
(1) The CCR is provided to persons
served no later than 12 months after
the system learns of the violation or
situation as required under
§141.204(b);
(2) The Tier 3 notice contained in the
CCR follows the content
requirements under§141.205; and
(3) The CCR is distributed following the
delivery requirements under
§141.204(c).


FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.204(d)


§141.204(d)(1)

§141.204(d)(2)

§141.204(d)(3)
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FEDERAL
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§141.205 - Content of the Public Notice
What Elements Must Be Included in the
Public Notice for Violations of NPDWR or
Other Situations Requiring a Public
Notice?
When a PWS violates a NPDWR or has a
situation requiring public notification, each
public notice must include the following
elements:
(1) A description of the violation or situation,
including the contaminant(s) of concern,
and (as applicable) the contaminant
level(s);
(2) When the violation or situation
occurred;
(3) Any potential adverse health effects from
the violation or situation, including the
standard language under paragraph
(d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section, whichever
is applicable;
(4) The population at risk, including
subpopulations particularly vulnerable if
exposed to the contaminant in their
drinking water;
(5) Whether alternative water supplies
should be used;
(6) What actions consumers should take,
including when they should seek
medical help, if known;
(7) What the system is doing to correct the
violation or situation;
§141.205(a)







§141.205(a)(1)



§141.205(a)(2)

§141.205(a)(3)




§141.205(a)(4)



§141.205(a)(5)

§141.205(a)(6)


§141.205(a)(7)





























































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(8) When the water system expects to
return to compliance or resolve the
situation;
(9) The name, business address, and phone
number of the water system owner,
operator, or designee of the PWS as a
source of additional information
concerning the notice; and
(10) A statement to encourage the notice
recipient to distribute the public notice to
other persons served, using the standard
language under paragraph (d)(3) of this
section, where applicable.
What Elements Must Be Included in the
Public Notice for PWSs Operating Under
a Variance or Exemption?
(1) If a PWS has been granted a variance or
an exemption, the public notice must
contain:
(i) An explanation of the reasons for the
variance or exemption;
(ii) The date on which the variance or
exemption was issued;
(iii) A brief status report on the steps the
system is taking to install treatment,
find alternative sources of water, or
otherwise comply with the terms and
schedules of the variance or
exemption; and
(iv) A notice of any opportunity for public
input in the review of the variance or
exemption.


FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.205(a)(8)
§141.205(a)(9)

§141.205(a)(10)
§141.205(b)

§141.205(b)(1)(i)
§141.205(b)(1)(ii)
§141.205(b)(1)(iii)


§141.205(b)(1)(iv)
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(2) If a PWS violates the conditions of a
variance or exemption, the public notice
must contain the ten elements listed in
paragraph (a) of this section.


FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.205(b)(2)

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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



How is the Public Notice to be Presented?
(1 ) Each public notice required by this
section:
(i) Must be displayed in a conspicuous
way when printed or posted;
(ii) Must not contain overly technical
language or very small print;
(iii) Must not be formatted in a way that
defeats the purpose of the notice;
and
(iv) Must not contain language which
nullifies the purpose of the notice.
(2) Each public notice required by this
section must comply with multilingual
requirements, as follows:
(i) For PWSs serving a large proportion
of non-English speaking consumers,
as determined by the primacy
agency, the public notice must
contain information in the appropriate
language(s) regarding the
importance of the notice or contain a
telephone number or address where
persons served may contact the
water system to obtain a translated
copy of the notice or to request
assistance in the appropriate
language.


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.205(c)


§141.205(c)(1)(i)

§141.205(c)(1)(ii)

§141.205(c)(1)(iii)


§141.205(c)(1)(iv)

§141.205(c)(2)


§141.205(c)(2)(i)












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(ii) In cases where the primacy agency
has not determined what constitutes
a large proportion of non-English
speaking consumers, the PWS must
include in the public notice, the same
information as in paragraph (c)(2)(i)
of this section, where appropriate to
reach a large proportion of non-
English speaking persons served by
the water system.
What Standard Language Must PWSs
Include in Their Public Notice?
PWSs are required to include the following
standard language in their public notice:
(1) Standard health effects language for
MCL or MRDL violations, treatment
technique violations, and violations of the
condition of a variance or exemption.
PWSs must include in each public notice
the health effects language specified in
Appendix B to this subpart corresponding
to each MCL, MRDL, and treatment
technique violation listed in Appendix A to
this subpart, and for each violation of a
condition of a variance or exemption.


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.205(c)(2)(ii)









§141.205(d)



§141.205(d)(1)










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               FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
    CITATION
    STATE
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(2)  Standard  language for monitoring  and
    testing procedure violations.

    PWSs   must   include  the  following
    language  in  their  notice,  including the
    language  necessary to fill  in the  blanks,
    for all monitoring and  testing  procedure
    violations listed in Appendix A  to  this
    subpart:

    "We  are  required   to  monitor  your
    drinking water for specific contaminants
    on a regular basis.   Results of regular
    monitoring are an indicator of whether or
    not  your drinking water  meets health
    standards.  During [compliance period],
    we ['did not monitor or test' or 'did not
    complete all monitoring or testing'] for
    [contaminant(s)], and  therefore cannot
    be sure  of the quality of  your drinking
    water during that time."

(3)  Standard  language to  encourage  the
    distribution  of  the public  notice  to  all
    persons served.

    PWSs must include  in their notice the
    following language (where applicable):

    "Please  share this information with  all
    the  other people who drink this water,
    especially those  who may not  have
    received  this  notice   directly   (for
    example, people in apartments, nursing
    homes, schools, and  businesses).  You
    can do this by posting this notice in a
    public place  or distributing  copies  by
    hand or mail."
§141.205(d)(2)
§141.205(d)(3)
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FEDERAL
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§141.206 - Notice to New Billing Units or New Customers
What is the Requirement for Community
Water Systems?
CWSs must give a copy of the most recent
public notice for any continuing violation, the
existence of a variance or exemption, or other
ongoing situations requiring public notice to all
new billing units or new customers prior to or
at the time service begins.
What is the Requirement for
Non-Community Water Systems?
NCWSs must continuously post the public
notice in conspicuous locations in order to
inform new consumers of any continuing
violation, variance or exemption, or other
situation requiring a public notice for as long
as the violation, variance, exemption, or other
situation persists.
§141.206(a)
§141.206(b)




§141 .207- Special Notice of the Availability of Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Results
When is the Special Notice to be Given?
The owner or operator of a community water
system or non-transient, non-community
water system required to monitor under
§141.40 must notify persons served by the
system of the availability of the results of
such sampling no later than 12 months after
the monitoring results are known.
§141.207(a)


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               FEDERAL
             REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
    CITATION
    STATE
   CITATION

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What is the Form  and  Manner of the
Special Notice?

The  form  and manner  of the public notice
must follow  the  requirements for  a  Tier 3
public notice prescribed in  §§141.204(c),
(d)(1),  and (d)(3).   The  notice must  also
identify a person and provide the telephone
number to contact  for information on  the
monitoring results.
§141.207(b)
 §141.208- Special Notice for Exceedance of the SMCL for Fluoride
When is the Special Notice to be Given?

CWSs that exceed the fluoride SMCL of   2
mg/l as specified in §143.3 (determined  by
the  last single sample taken in  accordance
with §141.23), but do not exceed the MCL of
4 mg/l for fluoride (as specified in §141.62),
must provide  the public notice in paragraph
(c) of this section to persons served.  Public
notice must be provided as soon as practical
but  no later than 12 months from the day the
water system learns of the exceedance.
A copy of the notice must also be sent to all
new  billing  units  and new customers at the
time  service begins  and  to the State public
health officer.  The PWS  must repeat the
notice at least annually  for as long  as the
SMCL is exceeded.  If the  public notice is
posted, the notice must remain in place for as
long  as  the SMCL  is exceeded,  but in  no
case  less  than  seven  days  (even  if  the
exceedance is eliminated).  On a case-by-
case basis, the primacy agency may  require
an initial  notice sooner than 12 months and
repeat notices more frequently than annually.
§141.208(a)
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REQUIREMENT



What is the Form and Manner of the
Special Notice?
The form and manner of the public notice
(including repeat notices) must follow the
requirements for a Tier 3 public notice in
§§141.204(c), (d)(1), and (d)(3).
What Mandatory Language Must Be
Contained in the Special Notice?
The notice must contain the following
language, including the language necessary to
fill in the blanks:
'"This is an alert about your drinking
water and a cosmetic dental problem that
might affect children under nine years of
age. At low levels, fluoride can help
prevent cavities, but children drinking
water containing more than 2 milligrams
per liter (mg/l) of fluoride may develop
cosmetic discoloration of their
permanent teeth (dental fluorosis). The
drinking water provided by your
community water system [name] has a
fluoride concentration of [insert value]
mg/l.


FEDERAL
CITATION



§141.208(b)





§141.208(c)

















STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
























If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
























A-38

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT



Dental fluorosis, in its moderate or
severe forms, may result in a brown
staining and/or pitting of the permanent
teeth. This problem occurs only in
developing teeth, before they erupt from
the gums. Children under nine should
be provided with alternative sources of
drinking water or water that has been
treated to remove the fluoride to avoid
the possibility of staining and pitting of
their permanent teeth. You may also
want to contact your dentist about proper
use by young children of fluoride-
containing products. Older children and
adults may safely drink the water.
Drinking water containing more than 4
mg/l of fluoride (the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's drinking water
standard) can increase your risk of
developing bone disease. Your drinking
water does not contain more than 4 mg/l
of fluoride, but we're required to notify
you when we discover that the fluoride
levels in your drinking water exceed 2
mg/l because of this cosmetic dental
problem.
For more information, please call [name
of your water system contact] of [name
of community water system] at [phone
number]. Some home water treatment
units are also available to remove
fluoride from drinking water. To learn
more about available home water
treatment units, you may call NSF
International at 1-877-NSF-HELP."


FEDERAL
CITATION






































STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H



































If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet



































A-39

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule
FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
STATE
CITATION
Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
§141 .209 - Special Notice for Nitrate Exceedances Above MCL by Non-Community Water
Systems (NCWS), Where Granted Permission by the Primacy Agency under
§141.11(d)
When is the Special Notice to be Given?
The owner or operator of a non-community
water system granted permission by the
primacy agency under §141.1 1(d) to exceed
the nitrate MCL must provide notice to
persons served according to the requirements
for a Tier 1 notice under §141 .202(a) and (b).
What is the Form and Manner of the
Special Notice?
Non-community water systems granted
permission by the primacy agency to exceed
the nitrate MCL under §141.11(d) must
provide continuous posting of the fact that
nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/l and the potential
health effects of exposure, according to the
requirements for Tier 1 notice delivery under
§141.202(c) and the content requirements
under§141.205.
§141.209(a)
§141.209(b)




A-40

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the PN Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT





FEDERAL
CITATION



STATE
CITATION

Document
title; page #;
and
§or H
If different
than federal
requirement
note here and
explain on
separate
sheet
§141.210 - Notice By Primacy Agency On Behalf of the Public Water System
May the Primacy Agency Give Notice on
Behalf of the PWS?
The primacy agency may give the notice
required by this subpart on behalf of the
owner and operator of the PWS if the
primacy agency complies with the
requirements of this subpart.
What is the Responsibility of the PWS
When Notice is Given by the Primacy
Agency?
The owner or operator of the PWS remains
responsible for ensuring that the requirements
of this subpart are met.
§141.210(a)






§141.210(b)































A-41

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Section IV.  State   Reporting  and   Recordkeeping   Checklist -
              Example Format

   States  can use  this form  to  explain  how  State  reporting  and  recordkeeping
requirements are consistent with federal requirements for recordkeeping, 40 CFR 142.14,
and reporting 40 CFR 142.15.  If the State's  provisions differ from federal requirements,
the State can use this form to explain how their  requirements are no less stringent.
State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist
Requirement
Are State Policies Consistent with
Federal Requirements? If Not, Explain
§142.14(f) - Records Kept by States
Public notification records under Subpart Q
of Part 141 received from public water
systems (including the certifications and
copies of the public notice) and any State
determinations establishing alternative public
notification requirements for the water
systems must be retained for three years.

§142.15(a)(1)
New violations by public water systems in the
State during the previous quarter of State
regulations adopted to incorporate the
requirements of national primary drinking
water regulations, including violations of the
public notification requirements under
Subpart Q of Part 141.

                                    A-42

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Section V.    Special Primacy Requirements - Example Format

   In this section,  States  must describe how they will  address each  special  primacy
requirement.  To complete the special primacy requirements section, the State should fill
out the first  blank  column with a  "Yes" or "  No" answer,  to  indicate whether  those
provisions are being adopted at the State level.  For all "Yes" answers, further explanation
should be provided.  (Refer to Section III, Special Primacy Requirements of the PN Rule,
in the main body of  the Implementation Guidance for additional information on how States
may choose to meet these requirements.)
                     Special Primacy Requirements Checklist
              Requirement
       Applicable to State?
            (Yes or No)

If Yes, Provide Further Description
 §142.16(a)(1):

 At its option, a  State may, by rule, and after
 notice  and  comment,  establish  alternative
 public notification requirements with respect to
 the form  and content  of the  public notice
 required under subpart Q of part 141.

 The alternative requirements must provide the
 same type and amount of information required
 under subpart Q  and must be designed to
 achieve an equivalent level of public notice of
 violations  as would be achieved under subpart
 Q of part 141.
 §142.16(a)(2):

 As part of the revised primacy program, a
 State  must   also  establish  enforceable
 requirements  and procedures when the State
 opts  to  add  to  or  change  the minimum
 requirements under:

 (i)  Table 1 to 40 CFR 141.201(3)  (Item 3v) -
    To require public water systems to give a
    public notice for violations  or situations
    other than those listed  in Appendix A of
    Subpart Q of Part 141 of the rule.
                                       A-43

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                      Special Primacy Requirements Checklist
              Requirement
       Applicable to State?
            (Yes or No)

If Yes, Provide Further Description
(ii) 40  CFR 141.20KG)(2) - To allow public
   water   systems,   under   the   specific
   circumstances listed in §141.201(c)(2), to
   limit the distribution of the public notice to
   persons  served  by  the portion  of the
   distribution   system   that  is   out  of
   compliance.
(iii) Table 1 of 40 CFR 141.202(3) (Items 5. 6.
   and 8)  - To require public water systems
   to give a Tier 1 public notice (rather than a
   Tier 2 or Tier 3 notice) for violations or
   situations listed in Appendix A of Subpart
   Q of Part 141 of the rule.
(iv)    40 CFR  141.202(b)(3) - To  require
       public water systems to comply  with
       additional  Tier  1  public notification
       requirements  set  by  the  State
       subsequent to the initial 24-hour Tier 1
       notice, as a result of their consultation
       with   the  State   required   under
       §141.202(b)(2).
(v) 40   CFR  141.202(0).  141.203(c)  and
   141.204(c) - To  require a different form
   and  manner of delivery for Tier 1, 2 and 3
   public notices.
(vi)    Table 1 to 40 CFR 141.203(a) (Item 2)
       - To require the public water systems
       to provide a Tier 2 public notice (rather
       than Tier 3) for monitoring  or testing
       procedure violations specified by the
       State.
                                         A-44

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                      Special Primacy Requirements Checklist
              Requirement
       Applicable to State?
            (Yes or No)

If Yes, Provide Further Description
(vii)    40CFR 141.203(^(1) - To grant public
       water systems an extension up to three
       months for distributing the Tier 2 public
       notice in appropriate  circumstances
       (other than those specifically excluded
       in the rule).
(viii)    40 CFR 141.203(^(2) - To grant  a
       different repeat notice frequency for
       the Tier 2 public notice in appropriate
       circumstances   (other  than   those
       specifically excluded in the rule), but no
       less frequently than once per year.
(ix) 40 CFR 141.203(b)(3) - To respond within
   24 hours to a request for consultation  by
   the  public water  system  to  determine
   whether a Tier 1 (rather than a Tier 2)
   notice  is  required  for a  turbidity  MCL
   violation   under   §141.13(b)   or   a
   SWTR/IESWTR  TT  violation  due  to  a
   single  exceedance  of  the  maximum
   allowable turbidity limit.
(x) 40 CFR 141.205(c)(2) - To determine the
   specific  multilingual  requirement  for  a
   public  water system,  including defining
   "large  proportion of non-English-speaking
   consumers."
                                         A-45

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Section VI.       Attorney  General's  Statement  of  Enforceability -
                    Example Format

Model Language

       I  hereby certify,  pursuant to  my  authority as  	(1)	 and  in
accordance with the Safe Drinking Water Act as amended, and	(2)	,
that  in my opinion  the laws  of the  [State/Commonwealth] of	(3)	[or
Tribal ordinances of	(4)	] to carry out the program set forth  in the "Program
Description"  submitted  by the 	(5)	 have  been duly  adopted  and  are
enforceable.  The specific authorities provided are contained in statutes or regulations that
are lawfully  adopted at the time this Statement is  approved and signed and will be  fully
effective  by the time the program is approved.
    Guidance and Model Language For States on Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws

  In order for EPA to properly evaluate the  State's  request for approval, the  State  Attorney
  General or independent legal counsel should certify that the State's environmental audit immunity
  and/or privilege and immunity law does not affect its ability to meet enforcement and information
  gathering requirements under the Safe  Drinking Water Act.  This certification should   be
  reasonably consistent with the wording of the State audit laws and should demonstrate how State
  program approval criteria are satisfied.

  EPA will apply  the criteria outlined in its "Statement of Principles" memo issued on February 14,
  1997 in determining whether States with audit laws have retained adequate enforcement authority
  for any authorized federal programs.  The  principles articulated in the guidance are based on the
  requirements of federal law, specifically the enforcement and compliance and State program
  approval  provisions of  environmental statutes  and their corresponding  regulations.   The
  Principles provide that if provisions of State law are ambiguous,  it will be important to obtain
  opinions from the State Attorney General or independent legal counsel interpreting the law as
  meeting specific federal requirements. If the law cannot be so interpreted, changes to State laws
  may  be  necessary to obtain  federal  program  approval.   Before submitting  a package for
  approval, States  with audit privilege  and/or immunity laws should initiate communications with
  appropriate EPA  Regional offices to identify and discuss the issues raised  by the State's audit
  privilege and/or immunity law.
Model Language for States with No Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws

Furthermore,  I  certify  that  [State/Commonwealth]  of 	(3)	 has not
enacted any environmental audit privilege and/or immunity laws.

                                         A-46

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Model Language For States with Audit Laws that Do Not Apply to the State Agency
Administering the Safe Drinking Water Act

Furthermore, I  certify that the environmental [audit privilege and/or  immunity law]  of the
[State/ Commonwealth] of	(3)	does not affect	(3)	
ability  to meet  enforcement and information  gathering requirements under  the Safe
Drinking Water Act because the  [audit privilege and/or immunity law] does not apply to
the program set forth in  the "Program Description." The Safe Drinking Water Act program
set forth in the "Program  Description" is administered by 	(5)	; the
[audit  privilege   and/or  immunity  law]  does  not  affect  programs  implemented  by
	(5)	, thus the  program  set forth  in  the  "Program Description" is
unaffected  by the provisions of  [State/Commonwealth] of	(3)	[audit
privilege and/or immunity law].

Model Language For States with Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws that Worked
with EPA to Satisfy Requirements for Federally Authorized. Delegated or Approved
Environmental Programs.

Furthermore, I  certify that the environmental [audit privilege and/or  immunity law]  of the
[State / Commonwealth]  of	(3)	does not affect	(3)	
ability  to meet  enforcement and information  gathering requirements under  the Safe
Drinking  Water  Act  because  [State/Commonwealth]  of  	(3)	  has
enacted statutory revisions  and/or  issued a clarifying  Attorney General's statement to
satisfy  requirements  for federally authorized,   delegated  or  approved  environmental
programs.

 Seal of Office     	
                  Signature

                  Name and Title

                  Date

(1) Attorney General or attorney for primacy agency if it has  independent legal counsel
(2) 40 CFR 142.12(c)(1)(iii) for final requests for approval of program revisions
(3) Name of State or Commonwealth
(4) Name of Tribe
(5) Name of Primacy Agency
                                      A-47

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Appendix A  to Subpart O - Regulated Contaminants
Key
AL=Action Level
MCL=Maximum Contaminant Level
MCLG=Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
MFL=million fibers per liter
MRDL=Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
MRDLG=Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal
mrem/year=millirems per year (a measure of radiation
           absorbed by the body)
N/A=Not Applicable
NTU=Nephelometric Turbidity Units
     (a measure of water clarity)
pCi/l=picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)
ppm=parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/l)
ppb=parts per billion, or micrograms
     per liter (|jg/l)
ppt=parts per trillion, or nanograms per
    liter
ppq=parts per quadrillion, or picograms
     per liter
TT=Treatment Technique
Contaminant
(units)
Traditional To convert MCL in
MCLin for OCR, CCR
mg/L multiply by units
MCLG
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Health Effects Language
Microbiological Contaminants
Total Coliform
Bacteria



Fecal coliform and





MCL: (systems that collect >40
samples/ month) 5% of monthly
samples are positive; (systems that
collect < 40 samples/ month) 1
positive monthly sample



0





0



0





Naturally present in the
environment



Human and animal fecal





Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally
present in the environment and are used as an
indicator that other, potentially-harmful, bacteria
may be present. Coliforms were found in more
samples than allowed and this was a warning
of potential problems.
Fecal coliforms and E. coli are bacteria whose
presence indicates that the water may be
contaminated with human or animal wastes.
Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term
effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea,

headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose
a special health risk for infants, young children,
some of the elderly, and people with severely-
compromised immune systems.
                                                                  A-48

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    Contaminant
       (units)
Traditional
  MCLin
   mg/L
To convert
 for OCR,
multiply by
MCLin
 CCR
 units
MCLG
Major Sources in
 Drinking Water
Health Effects Language
Total organic carbon
(ppm)
  TT
               TT
            n/a
         Naturally present in the
         environment
                      Total organic  carbon  (TOC)  has  no  health
                      effects.    However,   total   organic  carbon
                      provides  a medium   for the  formation  of
                      disinfection  by products.  These byproducts
                      include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic
                      acids (HAAs).  Drinking water containing these
                      byproducts in  excess of the MCL may lead to
                      adverse   health   effects,  liver  or  kidney
                      problems, or nervous system effects, and may
                      lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
Turbidity (NTU)
  TT
               TT
            n/a
        Soil runoff
                      Turbidity  has  no  health  effects.   However,
                      turbidity  can  interfere with disinfection  and
                      provide  a  medium  for  microbial  growth.
                      Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-
                      causing organisms.  These organisms  include
                      bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause
                      symptoms such  as nausea, cramps, diarrhea
                      and associated headaches.
Radioactive Contaminants
Beta/photon emitters
(mrem/yr)
4 mrem/yr
                          0*
                      Effective
                      12/8/03
                   Decay of natural and man-
                   made deposits
                                 Certain minerals  are radioactive and  may emit
                                 forms of radiation known as photons and beta
                                 radiation.  Some  people  who  drink  water
                                 containing beta and photon emitters  in excess
                                 of the MCL  over  many years may  have  an
                                 increased risk of getting cancer.
Alpha emitters
(pCi/l)
15pCi/l
               15
             0*
         Effective
         12/8/03
         Erosion of natural
         deposits
                      Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit
                      a  form of  radiation known as  alpha radiation.
                      Some people who drink water containing alpha
                      emitters in excess of the MCL over many years
                      may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
                                                                A-49

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Contaminant
(units)
Combined radium
(pCi/l)
Uranium
(M9/1)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
5 pCi/l
30 ug/i*
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
-
-
MCLin
CCR
units
5
30*
MCLG
0*
Effective
12/8/03
0*
* Uranium MCL and MCLG are effective
December 8, 2003.
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Erosion of natural
deposits
Erosion of natural
deposits
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
radium 226 or 228 in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
uranium in excess of the MCL over many years
may have an increased risk of getting cancer
and kidney toxicity.
Inorganic Contaminants
Antimony (ppb)
Arsenic (ppb)
Asbestos (MFL)
Barium (ppm)
.006
0.01*
1000
1000
6
10*
6
0*
* Arsenic values are effective January 23, 2006.
Until then, the MCL is 0.05 mg/l (50 ppb) and
there is no MCLG.
7 MFL
2
-
-
7
2
7
2
Discharge from petroleum
refineries; fire retardants;
ceramics; electronics;
solder
Erosion of natural
deposits; Runoff from
orchards; Runoff from
glass and electronics
production wastes
Decay of asbestos
cement water mains;
Erosion of natural
deposits
Discharge of drilling
wastes; Discharge from
metal refineries; Erosion
of natural deposits
Some people who drink water containing
antimony well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience increases in blood
cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
Some people who drink water containing
arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience skin damage or problems with
their circulatory system, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
asbestos in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of developing
benign intestinal polyps.
Some people who drink water containing
barium in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience an increase in their blood
pressure.
A-50

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Contaminant
(units)
Beryllium (ppb)
Bromate1
(PPb)
Cadmium (ppb)
Chloramines1
(ppm)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.004
.010
.005
MRDL
= 4
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1000
1000
-
MCLin
CCR
units
4
10
5
MRDL
= 4
MCLG
4
0
5
MRDLG
= 4
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Discharge from metal
refineries and coal-burning
factories; Discharge from
electrical, aerospace, and
defense industries
By-product of drinking
water chlorination
Corrosion of galvanized
pipes; Erosion of natural
deposits; Discharge from
metal refineries; Runoff
from waste batteries and
paints
Water additive used to
control microbes
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
beryllium well in excess of the MCL over many
years could develop intestinal lesions.
Some people who drink water containing
bromate in excess of the MCL over many years
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
cadmium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience kidney damage.
Some people who use water containing
chloramines well in excess of the MRDL could
experience irritating effects to their eyes and
nose. Some people who drink water containing
chloramines well in excess of the MRDL could
experience stomach discomfort or anemia.
The PN Rule published in the Federal Register on May 4, 2000 updated Appendix A of the CCR Rule. Information for this contaminant was
incorrectly placed in the volatile organic contaminants section of Appendix A instead of the inorganic contaminants section.  EPA will publish a
technical correction to the rule to correct this error.
                                                            A-51

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Contaminant
(units)

Chlorine1
(ppm)




Chlorine dioxide1
(PPb)




Chlorite1

(ppm)



Chromium (ppb)

Traditional
MCLin
mg/L

MRDL
= 4




MRDL
= .8





1




.1

To convert
for OCR,
multiply by

-




1000





-




1000

MCLin
CCR
units

MRDL
= 4




MRDL
= 800





1




100

MCLG

MRDLG
= 4




MRDLG
= 800





0.8




100

Major Sources in
Drinking Water

Water additive used to
control microbes




Water additive used to
control microbes




By-product of drinking
water chlorination



Discharge from steel and
pulp mills; Erosion of
natural deposits
Health Effects Language
Some people who use water containing chlorine
well in excess of the MRDL could experience
irritating effects to their eyes and nose. Some
people who drink water containing chlorine well
in excess of the MRDL could experience
stomach discomfort.
Some infants and young children who drink
water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of
the MRDL could experience nervous system
effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of
pregnant women who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some
people may experience anemia.
Some infants and young children who drink
water containing chlorite in excess of the MCL
could experience nervous system effects.
Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant
women who drink water containing chlorite in
excess of the MCL. Some people may
experience anemia.
Some people who use water containing
chromium well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience allergic dermatitis.
The PN Rule published in the Federal Register on May 4, 2000 updated Appendix A of the CCR Rule. Information for this contaminant was
incorrectly placed in the volatile organic contaminants section of Appendix A instead of the inorganic contaminants section.  EPA will publish a
technical correction to the rule to correct this error.
                                                            A-52

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Contaminant
(units)




Copper (ppm)





Cyanide (ppb)





Fluoride (ppm)






Lead (ppb)



Traditional
MCLin
mg/L




AL=1.3





.2





4






AL=.015



To convert
for OCR,
multiply by




-





1000





"






1000



MCLin
CCR
units




AL=1.3





200





4






AL=15



MCLG




1.3





200





4






0



Major Sources in
Drinking Water


Corrosion of household
plumbing systems;
Erosion of natural
deposits; Leaching from
wood preservatives


Discharge from
steel/metal factories;
Discharge from plastic
and fertilizer factories


Erosion of natural
deposits; Water additive
which promotes strong
teeth; Discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum
factories





Corrosion of household
plumbing systems;
Erosion of natural
deposits


Health Effects Language
Copper is an essential nutrient, but some
people who drink water containing copper in
excess of the action level over a relatively short
amount of time could experience
gastrointestinal distress. Some people who
drink water containing copper in excess of the
action level over many years could suffer liver
or kidney damage. People with Wilson's
Disease should consult their personal doctor.
Some people who drink water containing
cyanide well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience nerve damage or
problems with their thyroid.
Some people who drink water containing
fluoride in excess of the MCL over many years
could get bone disease, including pain and
tenderness of the bones. Fluoride in drinking
water at half the MCL or more may cause
mottling of children's teeth, usually in children
less than nine years old. Mottling, also known
as dental fluorosis, may include brown staining
and/or pitting of the teeth, and occurs only in
developing teeth before they erupt from the
gums.
Infants and children who drink water containing
lead in excess of the action level could
experience delays in their physical or mental
development. Children could show slight
deficits in attention span and learning abilities.
Adults who drink this water over many years
could develop kidney problems or high blood
pressure.
A-53

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Contaminant
(units)
Mercury [inorganic]
(PPb)
Nitrate (ppm)
Nitrite (ppm)
Selenium (ppb)
Thallium (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.002
10
1
.05
.002
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
-
-
1000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
2
10
1
50
2
MCLG
2
10
1
50
0.5
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Erosion of natural
deposits; Discharge from
refineries and factories;
Runoff from landfills;
Runoff from cropland
Runoff from fertilizer use;
Leaching from septic
tanks, sewage; Erosion of
natural deposits
Runoff from fertilizer use;
Leaching from septic
tanks, sewage; Erosion of
natural deposits
Discharge from petroleum
and metal refineries;
Erosion of natural
deposits; Discharge from
mines
Leaching from ore-
processing sites;
Discharge from
electronics, glass, and
drug factories
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
inorganic mercury well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience kidney
damage.
Infants below the age of six months who drink
water containing nitrate in excess of the MCL
could become seriously ill and, if untreated,
may die. Symptoms include shortness of
breath and blue baby syndrome.
Infants below the age of six months who drink
water containing nitrite in excess of the MCL
could become seriously ill and, if untreated,
may die. Symptoms include shortness of
breath and blue baby syndrome.
Selenium is an essential nutrient. However,
some people who drink water containing
selenium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience hair or fingernail losses,
numbness in fingers or toes, or problems with
their circulation.
Some people who drink water containing
thallium in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience hair loss, changes in their
blood, or problems with their kidneys,
intestines, or liver.
A-54

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Contaminant
(units)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
MCLin
CCR
units
MCLG
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Health Effects Language
Synthetic Organic Contaminants including Pesticides and Herbicides
2,4-D(ppb)
2,4,5-TP [Silvex]
(PPb)
Acrylamide
Alachlor (ppb)
Atrazine (ppb)
Benzo(a)pyrene [PAH]
(nanograms/l)
.07
.05
TT
.002
.003
.0002
1000
1000
-
1000
1000
1,000,000
70
50
TT
2
3
200
70
50
0
0
3
0
Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Residue of banned
herbicide
Added to water during
sewage/ wastewater
treatment
Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Leaching from linings of
water storage tanks and
distribution lines
Some people who drink water containing the
weed killer 2,4-D well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience problems
with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
Some people who drink water containing silvex
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience liver problems.
Some people who drink water containing high
levels of acrylamide over a long period of time
could have problems with their nervous system
or blood, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
alachlor in excess of the MCL over many years
could have problems with their eyes, liver,
kidneys, or spleen, or experience anemia, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
atrazine well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
cardiovascular system or reproductive
difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing
benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over
many years may experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
A-55

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Contaminant
(units)
Carbofuran (ppb)
Chlordane (ppb)
Dalapon (ppb)
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
(PPb)
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
(PPb)
Dibromochloro-
propane
(PPt)
Dinoseb (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.04
.002
.2
.4
.006
.0002
.007
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1,000,000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
40
2
200
400
6
200
7
MCLG
40
0
200
400
0
0
7
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Leaching of soil fumigant
used on rice and alfalfa
Residue of banned
termiticide
Runoff from herbicide
used on rights of way
Discharge from chemical
factories
Discharge from rubber
and chemical factories
Runoff/leaching from soil
fumigant used on
soybeans, cotton,
pineapples, and orchards
Runoff from herbicide
used on soybeans and
vegetables
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
carbofuran in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.
Some people who drink water containing
chlordane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their liver
or nervous system, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
dalapon well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience minor kidney changes.
Some people who drink water containing di (2-
ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience toxic effects
such as weight loss, liver enlargement, or
possible reproductive difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing di (2-
ethylhexyl) phthalate well in excess of the MCL
over many years may have problems with their
liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing DBCP
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience reproductive problems and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
dinoseb well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience reproductive difficulties.
A-56

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Contaminant
(units)
Diquat (ppb)
Dioxin
[2,3,7,8-TCDD]
(ppq)
Endothall (ppb)
Endrin (ppb)
Epichlorohydrin
Ethylene dibromide
(PPt)
Glyphosate (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.02
.00000003
.1
.002
TT
.00005
.7
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1 ,000,000,000
1000
1000
-
1,000,000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
20
30
100
2
TT
50
700
MCLG
20
0
100
2
0
0
700
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Runoff from herbicide use
Emissions from waste
incineration and other
combustion; Discharge
from chemical factories
Runoff from herbicide use
Residue of banned
insecticide
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories; An
impurity of some water
treatment chemicals
Discharge from petroleum
refineries
Runoff from herbicide use
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing diquat
in excess of the MCL over many years could
get cataracts.
Some people who drink water containing dioxin
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience reproductive difficulties and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
endothall in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
stomach or intestines.
Some people who drink water containing endrin
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience liver problems.
Some people who drink water containing high
levels of epichlorohydrin over a long period of
time could experience stomach problems, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
ethylene dibromide in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver, stomach, reproductive system, or
kidneys, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
glyphosate in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
A-57

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Contaminant
(units)
Heptachlor (ppt)
Heptachlor epoxide
(PPt)
Hexachlorobenzene
(PPb)
Hexachloro-
cyclopentadiene (ppb)
Lindane (ppt)
Methoxychlor (ppb)
Oxamyl [Vydate]
(PPb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.0004
.0002
.001
.05
.0002
.04
.2
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1,000,000
1,000,000
1000
1000
1,000,000
1000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
400
200
1
50
200
40
200
MCLG
0
0
0
50
200
40
200
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Residue of banned
pesticide
Breakdown of heptachlor
Discharge from metal
refineries and agricultural
chemical factories
Discharge from chemical
factories
Runoff/leaching from
insecticide used on cattle,
lumber, gardens
Runoff/leaching from
insecticide used on fruits,
vegetables, alfalfa,
livestock
Runoff/leaching from
insecticide used on
apples, potatoes and
tomatoes
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience liver damage and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor epoxide in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience liver damage, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductive
effects, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience
problems with their kidneys or stomach.
Some people who drink water containing
lindane in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience problems with their kidneys or
liver.
Some people who drink water containing
methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience reproductive difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing
oxamyl in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience slight nervous system effects.
A-58

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Contaminant
(units)
PCBs [Polychlorinated
biphenyls]
(PPt)
Pentachlorophenol
(PPb)
Picloram (ppb)
Simazine (ppb)
Toxaphene (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.0005
.001
.5
.004
.003
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1,000,000
1000
1000
1000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
500
1
500
4
3
MCLG
0
0
500
4
0
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Runoff from landfills;
Discharge of waste
chemicals
Discharge from wood
preserving factories
Herbicide runoff
Herbicide runoff
Runoff/leaching from
insecticide used on cotton
and cattle
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing PCBs
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience changes in their skin, problems with
their thymus gland, immune deficiencies, or
reproductive or nervous system difficulties, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver or kidneys, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
picloram in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience problems with their liver.
Some people who drink water containing
simazine in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience problems with their blood.
Some people who drink water containing
toxaphene in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their kidneys,
liver, or thyroid, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
Volatile Organic Contaminants
Benzene (ppb)
.005
1000
5
0
Discharge from factories;
Leaching from gas
storage tanks and landfills
Some people who drink water containing
benzene in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience anemia or a decrease in
blood platelets, and may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.
A-59

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Contaminant
(units)
Carbon tetrachloride
(PPb)
Chlorobenzene (ppb)
o-Dichlorobenzene
(PPb)
p-Dichlorobenzene
(PPb)
1,2-Dichloroethane
(PPb)
1,1-Dichloroethylene
(PPb)
cis-1,2-
Dichloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.005
.1
.6
.075
.005
.007
.07
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
5
100
600
75
5
7
70
MCLG
0
100
600
75
0
7
70
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Discharge from chemical
plants and other industrial
activities
Discharge from chemical
and agricultural chemical
factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
carbon tetrachloride in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their liver
or kidneys.
Some people who drink water containing o-
dichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
Some people who drink water containing p-
dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience anemia, damage
to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in
their blood.
Some people who drink water containing 1,2-
dichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
Some people who drink water containing 1,1-
dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver.
Some people who drink water containing cis-
1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver.
A-60

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Contaminant
(units)
trans-1,2-
Dichloroethylene (ppb)
Dichloromethane
(PPb)
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
(PPb)
Ethylbenzene (ppb)
Haloacetic Acids
(HAA)
(PPb)
Styrene (ppb)
Tetrachloroethylene
(PPb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.1
.005
.005
.7
.060
.1
.005
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
100
5
5
700
60
100
5
MCLG
100
0
0
700
n/a
100
0
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from
pharmaceutical and
chemical factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from petroleum
refineries
By-product of drinking
water disinfection
Discharge from rubber
and plastic factories;
Leaching from landfills
Discharge from factories
and dry cleaners
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing trans-
1,2-dichloroethylene well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience problems
with their liver.
Some people who drink water containing
dichloromethane in excess of the MCL over
many years could have liver problems and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing 1,2-
dichloropropane in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver or kidneys.
Some people who drink water containing
haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
styrene well in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their liver,
kidneys, or circulatory system.
Some people who drink water containing
tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems with their
liver, and may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
A-61

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Contaminant
(units)
1,2,4-
Trichlorobenzene
(PPb)
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
(PPb)
1 ,1 ,2-Trichloroethane
(PPb)
Trichloroethylene
(PPb)
TTHMs
Total
rihalomethanes] (ppb)
Toluene (ppm)
Vinyl Chloride (ppb)
Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
.07
.2
.005
.005
0.10/.080
1
.002
To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
-
1000
MCLin
CCR
units
70
200
5
5
100/80
1
2
MCLG
70
200
3
0
n/a
1
0
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Discharge from textile-
finishing factories
Discharge from metal
degreasing sites and other
factories
Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
Discharge from metal
degreasing sites and other
factories
By-product of drinking
water chlorination
Discharge from petroleum
factories
Leaching from PVC piping;
Discharge from plastics
factories
Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing 1,2,4-
trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience changes in their
adrenal glands.
Some people who drink water containing 1,1,1-
trichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
liver, nervous system, or circulatory system.
Some people who drink water containing 1,1,2-
trichloroethane well in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems with their
liver, kidneys, or immune systems.
Some people who drink water containing
trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over
many years may experience problems with their
liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
toluene well in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their nervous
system, kidneys, or liver.
Some people who drink water containing vinyl
chloride in excess of the MCL over many years
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
A-62

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Contaminant
(units)
Xylenes (ppm)

Traditional
MCLin
mg/L
10

To convert
for OCR,
multiply by
-

MCLin
CCR
units
10

MCLG
10

Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Discharge from petroleum
factories; Discharge from
chemical factories

Health Effects Language
Some people who drink water containing
xylenes in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience damage to their nervous
system.
A-63

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Appendix B.   State  Primacy Revision  Application  Package
                  for the PN and CCR Rules - Example Format

      This Appendix describes the elements of a combined primacy revision package for
both  the  PN and CCR  Rules.   If  a State wishes to submit a  combined application
package, the following elements should be included and address both rules:

      Section I.     State Primacy Revision Checklist

                  ••      Listing of program  elements from 40 CFR 142.10  that the
                        State may have revised in response to the new rule.

      Section II.    Text of the State's Regulation

      Section III.    Primacy Revision Crosswalk

                  ••      Identification of how  State regulations  correspond  to  each
                        requirement prescribed of the federal rules.

      Section IV.    State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist

                  ••      Explanation  of  how  State   reporting   and  recordkeeping
                        requirements are consistent with federal requirements.

      Section V.    Special Primacy Requirements

                  ••      Explanation of how a State will address the special primacy
                        requirements identified in 40 CFR 142.16.

      Section VI.    Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability

                  ••      Statement that State regulations can  be  enforced by the State
                        government.

      Appendix A provides example formats  for these  six elements  for the PN Rule.
Additional information needed for the CCR Rule is presented in this Appendix.
                                     B-1

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        Review of State Primacy Revision Application

                              for the

                     Public Notification (PN)

                                and

          Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rules
CONTENTS:
1.    § 142.10 Requirements - State Primacy Revision Checklist
2.    Text of the State's Regulation
3.    § 141 Requirements - Primacy Revision Crosswalk
4.    § 142.14 and 15 - State Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
5.    § 142.16 - Special Primacy Requirements
6.    Attorney General's Statement of Enforceability
                        State:
                        Date Application Submitted:
                        Date Review Completed:
                        EPA Region:
                        Review Staff:
                                 B-2

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Section I.  State Primacy Revision Checklist - Example Format
      The State Primacy Revision Checklist is a listing of program elements from 40 CFR
142.10 that the State may have revised in response to the new rule.  For the these two
rules,  most States  will  revise §§142.10(b)(6)(v)  and (vii)  authority to  require  public
notification and to require community water systems to issue CCRs.
State Primacy Revision Checklist
Required Program Elements
§142.10
§142.10(a)
§142.10(b)(1)
§142.10(b)(2)
§142.10(b)(3)
§142.10(b)(4)
§142.10(b)(5)
§142.10(b)(6)(i)
§142.10(b)(6)(ii)
Primary Enforcement
Regulations No Less Stringent
Maintain Inventory
Sanitary Survey Program
Laboratory Certification Program
Laboratory Capability
Plan Review Program
Authority to Apply Regulations
Authority to Sue in Courts of
Competent Jurisdiction
§142.1 0(b)(6)(iii) Right of Entry
§142.1 0(b)(6)(iv)
§142.10(b)(6)(v)
§142.1 0(b)(6)(vi)
§142.10(b)(6)(vii)
§142.10(c)
§142.10(d)
§142.10(e)
§142.10(f)
Authority to Require Records
Authority to Require Public
Notification
Authority to Assess Civil and
Criminal Penalties
Authority to Require CWSs to
Provide CCRs
Maintenance of Records
Variance/Exemption Conditions
Emergency Plans
Administrative Penalty Authority
Revision to
State
Program
(Yes or No)


















EPA Findings/
Comments


















                                     B-3

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B-4

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Section II.      Text of State's Regulation
      The text of the State's regulations for the PN and CCR Rules should be included
in this section.
                                    B-5

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Section III.      Primacy Revision Crosswalk - Example Format

      The Primacy Revision Crosswalk will be used by EPA in determining,  section  by
section,  whether  the  State  regulations  are   as  stringent as  the  federal  regulations.
Appendix A, page A-5, contains a crosswalk for the PN Rule.  The crosswalk for the CCR
Rule is given on the following pages.
      Note:  This  crosswalk has been  updated to  reflect all of the technical
            corrections and amendments to the CCR Rule published in the Federal
            Register from 1998 to 2001.
                                     B-6

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                        Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule
            FEDERAL
          REQUIREMENT
     FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
     §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
DEFINITIONS

Customers:
    Billing units or service connections to
    which  water  is   delivered  by  a
    community water system.

Detected:
    At or above  the levels prescribed by
    §141.23(a)(4)   for   inorganic
    contaminants, at or above the levels
    prescribed by §141.24(f)(7)  for  the
    contaminants  listed in §141.61(a),  at
    or above the  level  prescribed  by
    §141.24(h)(18)  for  the  contaminants
    listed in §141.61(c), and at or above
    the levels prescribed by  §141.25(c)
    for radioactive contaminants.

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or
MCLG:
    The level of a contaminant in drinking
    water below which there is no known
    or expected risk  to health.  MCLGs
    allow for a margin of safety.

Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL:
    The highest  level of a  contaminant
    that  is allowed in drinking water.
    MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs
    as feasible using  the best available
    treatment technology.

Variances and Exemptions:
    State or EPA permission not to meet
    an MCL  or  a treatment technique
    under certain conditions.

Treatment Technique (TT):
    A  required   process   intended   to
    reduce the level of a contaminant in
    drinking water.
§141.151(c)
§141.151(d)
§141.153(c)(2)
§141.153(c)(3)(i)
                                              B-7

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule


FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT


Action Level (AL):
The concentration of a contaminant
which, if exceeded, triggers treatment
or other requirements which a water
system must follow.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
Goal or MRDLG:
The level of a drinking water
disinfectant below which there is no
known or expected risk to health.
MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of
the use of disinfectants to control
microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
orMRDL:
The highest level of a disinfectant
allowed in drinking water. There is
convincing evidence that addition of
a disinfectant is necessary for control
of microbial contaminants.


FEDERAL
CITATION


§141.153(c)(3)(ii)




§141.153(c)(3)(iii)







§141.153(c)(3)(iv)






STATE
CITATION

Document title;
page #; and
§or H




















If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet




















§141.152 -General Requirements
EFFECTIVE DATES
Each existing CWS must deliver its first
report by October 19, 1999, its second
report by July 1 , 2000, and subsequent
reports by July 1 annually thereafter.
The first report must contain data
collected during, or prior to, calendar
year 1998 as prescribed in
§141.153(d)(3). Each report
thereafter must contain data collected
during, or prior to, the previous
calendar year.
A new CWS must deliver its first report
by July 1 of the year after its first full
calendar year in operation and annually
thereafter.

§141.152(b)










§141.152(c)



































B-8

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                       Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule
           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
A  CWS  that sells water to  another
CWS   must  deliver  the  applicable
information required in §141.153 to the
buyer system:

    -   No  later than April  19, 1999,
       by April 1, 2000, and  by April
       1 annually thereafter or

    >•   On  a  date  mutually  agreed
       upon  by the seller and the
       purchaser,   and  specifically
       included in a contract between
       the  parties.
§141.152(d)
§141.152(d)(1)
§141.152(d)(2)
§141.153; §141.154 - Content of the OCRs
Each  CWS  must  provide  to  its
customers  an  annual  report  that
contains the information  specified  in
this section and §141.154.
§141.153(a)
Information on the source of the
water delivered:

Each report must identify the source(s)
of the water delivered by the CWS by
providing information on:

    >•   The   type  of  water:  e.g.,
       surface  water, ground water;
       and

    >•   The commonly used name (if
       any) and location of the body
       (or bodies) of water.
§141.153(b)
§141.153(b)(1)
If  a source water assessment  has
been completed, the report must notify
consumers  of the availability of this
information and the means to obtain it.
In addition, systems are encouraged to
§141.153(b)(2)
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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
highlight  in  the  report  significant
sources of contamination in the source
water  area  if  they  have  readily
available information.  Where a system
has   received   a  source  water
assessment from the primacy agency,
the  report  must  include  a   brief
summary of the system's susceptibility
to  potential sources of  contamination,
using  language   provided  by   the
primacy agency  or written  by  the
operator.
INFORMATION ON DETECTED
CONTAMINANTS

This  sub-section   specifies  the
requirements for information  to be
included   in   each   report   for
contaminants subject to  mandatory
monitoring  (except Cryptosporidium).
It applies to:

    >•   Contaminants  subject  to   a
       MCL, action  level,  maximum
       residual disinfectant level or a
       treatment technique (regulated
       contaminants).

    >•   Contaminants   for  which
       monitoring   is  required  by
       §141.40   (unregulated
       contaminants); and

    >•   Disinfection   by-products  or
       microbial  contaminants  for
       which  monitoring  is  required
       by  §141.42  and  §141.43,
       except   as   provided  under
       paragraph  (e)(1)  of  this
       section,  and   which  are
       detected in the finished water.
§141.153(d)(1)
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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
The  data   relating   to  these
contaminants must be displayed in one
table  or  in  several  adjacent tables.
Any additional monitoring results which
a CWS chooses to include in its report
must be displayed separately.
§141.153(d)(2)
The data must be derived from data
collected to  comply with EPA and
State   monitoring   and  analytical
requirements   during  calendar  year
1998   for  the  first   report  and
subsequent calendar years thereafter
except that:

    >•   Where  a system is allowed to
       monitor   for   regulated
       contaminants less than once a
       year, the table(s) must include
       the date  and results of the
       most recent sampling and the
       report  must include  a  brief
       statement  indicating  that the
       data  presented  in the  report
       are  from  the   most recent
       testing  done  in  accordance
       with  regulations.    No  data
       older than 5 years need be
       included.

    >•   Results   of  monitoring  in
       compliance with §141.142 and
       §141.143   need  only  be
       included for 5 years from the
       date of the last sample or until
       any   of   the  detected
       contaminants  becomes
       regulated   and   subject  to
       routine   monitoring
       requirements,   whichever
       comes first.
§141.153(d)(3)
§141.153(d)(3)(i)
§141.153(d)(3)(i
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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
For detected regulated contaminants
(listed in Appendix A to this subpart)
the table(s) must contain:

    >•   The MCL for that contaminant
       expressed as a number equal
       to or  greater  than  1.0  (as
       provided in Appendix A to this
       subpart);
§141.153(d)(4)
§141.153(d)(4)(i)
       The   MCLG   for   that
       contaminant expressed in the
       same units as the MCL;
§141.153(d)(4)(i
       If  there  is  no  MCL  for  a
       detected   contaminant,  the
       table must indicate that there
       is a treatment technique (TT),
       or specify  the  action  level
       (AL),   applicable  to  that
       contaminant,  and  the  report
       must include the definitions for
       TT and/or AL, as appropriate,
       specified  in  paragraph (c)(3)
       of this section;
§141.153(d)(4)(ii
       For contaminants subject to an
       MCL, except turbidity and total
       coliforms,   the   highest
       contaminant  level  used  to
       determine compliance with an
       NPDWR  and  the  range  of
       detected levels, as follows:

       -   When compliance with the
           MCL   is  determined
           annually  or   less
           frequently:  the   highest
           detected  level  at  any
           sampling  point  and the
           range of detected levels
           expressed  in  the same
§141.153(d)(4)(iv)
§141.153(d)(4)(iv)(A)
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         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
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           units as the MCL.
           When compliance with the
           MCL  is  determined  by
           calculating  a  running
           annual  average  of  all
           samples  taken   at  a
           sampling point: the highest
           average  of  any  of  the
           sampling points and  the
           range  of  all   sampling
           points  expressed  in  the
           same units as the MCL.

           When compliance with the
           MCL  is determined on a
           system-wide  basis  by
           calculating  a  running
           annual  average  of  all
           samples  at  all  sampling
           points: the average  and
           range   of   detection
           expressed  in the  same
           units as the MCL.
§141.153(d)(4)(iv)(B)
§141.153(d)(4)(iv)(C)
Turbidity Data Requirements

When it is reported pursuant to:

    >•   §141.13: the highest average
       monthly value.

    >•   §141.71: the highest monthly
       value.  The   report   should
       include an  explanation of the
       reasons  for  measuring
       turbidity.

    -   §141.73  or  §141.173:  the
       highest  single  measurement
       and   the  lowest   monthly
       percentage  of  samples
       meeting  the  turbidity  limits
§141.153(d)(4)(v)
§141.153(d)(4)(v)(A)
§141.153(d)(4)(v)(B)
§141.153(d)(4)(v)(C)
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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
specified in §141.73 or
§141.173 for the filtration
technology being used. The
report should include an
explanation of the reasons for
measuring turbidity.
Lead and Copper Data
Requirements
For lead and copper: the 90th
percentile value of the most recent
round of sampling and the number
of sampling sites exceeding the
action level.
Total Coliform Data Requirements
>• The highest monthly number of
positive samples for systems
collecting fewer than 40
samples per month; or
>• The highest monthly
percentage of positive
samples for systems collecting
at least 40 samples per
month;
Fecal Coliform Data Requirements
For Fecal Coliform: the total
number of positive samples.
FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.153(d)(4)(vi)
§141.153(d)(4)(vii)
§141.153(d)(4)(vii)(A)
§141.153(d)(4)(vii)(B)
§141.153(d)(4)(viii)
STATE
CITATION
Document title;
page #; and
§or H




If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet




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            FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
     FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
Likely Source(s) of Detected
Contaminants

The   likely  source(s)   of  detected
contaminants  to  the  best  of  the
operator's  knowledge.    Specific
information  regarding  contaminants
may  be available  in  sanitary surveys
and  source water  assessments,  and
should be used when available to the
operator.  If the operator lacks specific
information on the likely  source, the
report must include  one  or more of the
typical sources for that  contaminant
listed in Appendix A to this subpart that
are most applicable to the system.
§141.153(d)(4)(ix)
If  a  CWS  distributes water  to  its
customers from  multiple  hydraulically
independent  distribution systems that
are fed by different raw water sources,
the table  should  contain  a separate
column for each  service area and the
report should identify  each separate
distribution system.      Alternatively,
systems   could   produce  separate
reports  tailored  to  include data  for
each service area (Not Required but
Recommended).
§141.153(d)(5)
The table(s) must clearly identify any
data  indicating  violations  of MCLs,
MRDLs,  or TTs, and the report must
contain   a  clear   and   readily
understandable  explanation  of  the
violation including: the  length of the
violation, the potential  adverse  health
effects,  and  actions  taken by the
system to address the violation.  To
describe  the  potential  health effects
the  system must  use  the  relevant
§141.153(d)(6)
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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
language of Appendix A to this subpart.
For detected unregulated contaminants
for which monitoring is required
(except Cryptosporidium), the table(s)
must contain the average and range at
which the contaminant was detected.
The report may include a brief
explanation of the reasons for
monitoring for unregulated
contaminants.
Information on Cryptosporidium,
Radon, and Other Contaminants
If the system has performed any
monitoring for Cryptosporidium,
including monitoring performed to
satisfy the requirements of §141.143,
which indicates that Cryptosporidium
may be present in the source water or
the finished water, the report must
include:
>• a summary of the results of
the monitoring; and
>• an explanation of the
significance of the results.
If the system has performed any
monitoring for radon which indicates
that radon may be present in the
finished water, the report must include:
>• the results of the monitoring;
and
>• an explanation of the
significance of the results.
If the system has performed additional


FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.153(d)(7)

§141.153(e)
§141.153(e)(1)
§141.153(e)(1)(i)
§141.153(e)(1)(ii)
§141.153(e)(2)
§141.153(e)(2)(i)
§141.153(e)(2)(ii)
§141.153(e)(3)
STATE
CITATION
Document title;
page #; and
§or H











If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet











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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
monitoring  which   indicates  the
presence of  other contaminants in the
finished  water,   EPA  strongly
encourages  systems to  report  any
results  which may  indicate a  health
concern.  To determine if the  results
may  indicate a health concern, EPA
recommends that systems find out if
EPA has  proposed an  NPDWR or
issued   a  health  advisory  for  that
contaminant  by   calling  the  Safe
Drinking  Water  Hotline  (800-426-
4791).  EPA considers detects above
a proposed  MCL or health advisory
level  to  indicate   possible   health
concerns.    For  such contaminants,
EPA recommends the  report include:
the  results of the monitoring;  and an
explanation  of the significance  of the
results noting the existence of a health
advisory  or  a proposed regulation.
(Not Required but Recommended)
Compliance with NPDWR

In  addition to the  requirements of
§141.153(d)(6), the report must  note
any violation that  occurred during the
year covered  by  the  report  of  a
requirement listed below, and  include a
clear  and readily  understandable
explanation of  the  violation,   any
potential adverse health effects,  and
the steps  the  system has  taken to
correct the violation.

    >•   Monitoring and reporting of
       compliance  data.
§141.153(f)
§141.153(f)(1)
                                           B-17

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    FEDERAL
  REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
Filtration   and   disinfection
prescribed by Subpart H  of
this part (40 CFR 141).  For
systems which have failed  to
install  adequate   filtration  or
disinfection  equipment   or
processes,  or  have  had  a
failure of such equipment  or
processes which constitutes a
violation,   the  report  must
include the following language
as part of the explanation  of
potential  adverse   health
effects:

Inadequately   treated
water  may  contain
disease-causing
organisms.     These
organisms   include
bacteria,   viruses,  and
parasites which can cause
symptoms  such   as
nausea, cramps,  diarrhea,
and   associated
headaches.
§141.153(f)(2)
Lead  and   copper   control
requirements  prescribed  by
Subpart  I of this part.   For
systems that fail to take one
or more actions prescribed by
§§ 141.80(d), 141.81, 141.82,
141.83, or 141.84, the report
must  include  the  applicable
language of Appendix A to this
subpart for  lead, copper, or
both.
§141.153(f)(3)
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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
>• Treatment techniques for
Acrylamide and
Epichlorohydrin prescribed by
Subpart K of this part. For
systems that violate the
requirements of subpart K of
this part, the report must
include relevant language from
Appendix A to this subpart.
>• Recordkeeping of compliance
data.
>• Special monitoring
requirements prescribed by
§141.40 (for inorganic and
organic contaminants) and
§141.41 (for sodium); and
>• Violation of the terms of a
variance, an exemption, or an
administrative or judicial order.
Variances and Exemptions
If a system is operating under the
terms of a variance or an exemption
issued under §1415 or §1416 of
SDWA, the report must contain:
>• An explanation of the reasons
for the variance or exemption;
>• The date on which the
variance or exemption was
issued;
FEDERAL
CITATION
§141.153(f)(4)
§141.153(f)(5)
§141.153(f)(6)
§141.153(f)(7)
§141.153(g)
§141.153(g)(1)
§141.153(g)(2)
STATE
CITATION
Document title;
page #; and
§or H






If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet






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            FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
     FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
       A brief status report  on  the
       steps the  system  is taking to
       install  treatment,  find
       alternative  sources of water or
       otherwise  comply  with  the
       terms  and schedules  of  the
       variance or exemption; and
§141.153(g)(3)
       A notice of any opportunity for
       public input  in the review, or
       renewal,  of  the  variance  or
       exemption.
§141.153(g)(4)
Additional Information

The  report  must  contain  a  brief
explanation   regarding  contaminants
which may reasonably expected to be
found  in  drinking   water,  including
bottled  water.  This explanation  may
inlcude the  language  of  paragraphs
(h)(1)(i) through (iii) or  systems  may
use  their own  comparable language.
The  report  must  also  include the
language of paragraph (h)(1)(iv) of this
section.

    The sources of  drinking water
    (both tap water and  bottled water)
    include   rivers,   lakes,  streams,
    ponds,  reservoirs,  springs  and
    wells.  As  water travels over the
    surface of the land or through the
    ground,  it  dissolves  naturally-
    occurring  minerals and, in some
    cases,  radioactive  material,  and
    can  pick up substances resulting
    from  the presence of animals  or
    from human activity.
§141.153(h)

§141.153(h)(1)
                                            B-20

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        FEDERAL
      REQUIREMENT
FEDERAL
CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
Contaminants  that  may  be
present in source water include:

Microbial contaminants, such as
viruses and  bacteria, which may
come  from  sewage  treatment
plants, septic systems, agricultural
livestock operations, and wildlife.

Inorganic contaminants, such as
salts and  metals,  which  can be
naturally-occurring  or result from
urban stormwater runoff, industrial
or   domestic   wastewater
discharges, oil and gas production,
mining, or farming.

Pesticides and herbicides, which
may come  from   a variety  of
sources such as agriculture, urban
stormwater  runoff,  and residential
uses.

Organic chemical contaminants,
including  synthetic   and   volatile
organic chemicals, which are by-
products  of industrial processes
and petroleum production and can
also come  from   gas  stations,
urban  stormwater   runoff,  and
septic systems.

Radioactive contaminants, which
can  be  naturally-occurring   or be
the result of oil and gas production
and mining activities.
                                        B-21

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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT


In order to ensure that tap
water is safe to drink, EPA
prescribes regulations which limit
the amount of certain contaminants
in water provided by public water
systems. FDA regulations
establish limits for contaminants in
bottled water which must provide
the same protection for public
health.
>• Must include language below:
Drinking water, including
bottled water, may reasonably be
expected to contain at least small
amounts of some contaminants.
The presence of contaminants
does not necessarily indicate that
water poses a health risk. More
information about contaminants
and potential health effects can be
obtained by calling the
Environmental Protection Agency's
Safe Drinking Water Hotline
(800-426-4791).
The report must include the telephone
number of the owner, operator, or
designee of the CWS as a source of
additional information concerning the
report.
In communities with a large proportion
of non-English speaking residents, as
determined by the primacy agency, the
report must contain information in the
appropriate language(s) regarding the
importance of the report or contain a
telephone number or address where
such residents may contact the system
to obtain a translated copy of the


FEDERAL
CITATION


§141.153(h)(1)(iii)









§141.153(h)(1)(iv)













§141.153(h)(2)




§141.153(h)(3)








STATE
CITATION

Document title;
page #; and
§or H






































If different than
federal
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FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
report or assistance in the appropriate
language.
The report must include information
(e.g., time and place of regularly
scheduled board meetings) about
opportunities for public participation in
decisions that may affect the quality of
the water.
The systems may include such
additional information as they deem
necessary for public education
consistent with, and not detracting
from, the purpose of the report.
REQUIRED ADDITIONAL HEALTH
INFORMATION
FEDERAL
CITATION

§141.153(h)(4)
§141.153(h)(5)
§141.154
STATE
CITATION
Document title;
page #; and
§or H




If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
All reports must  prominently display
the following language:

   Some  people  may  be  more
   vulnerable  to  contaminants  in
   drinking water than  the  general
   population.  Immuno-compromised
   persons  such as  persons  with
   cancer undergoing chemotherapy,
   persons  who  have  undergone
   organ  transplants,   people  with
   HIV/AIDS or other immune system
   disorders,  some   elderly,   and
   infants can be particularly at risk
   from  infections.   These people
   should seek advice about drinking
   water  from  their   health   care
   providers.  EPA/CDC guidelines on
   appropriate means to lessen the
   risk   of   infection    by
   Cryptosporidium   and  other
   microbial  contaminants   are
   available  from  the Safe  Drinking
   Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
§141.154(a)
                                          B-24

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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
Ending in  the  report  due by July  1,
2001, a system which detects arsenic
at levels above 0.025  mg/L, but below
the  0.05  mg/L, and  beginning in the
report due by July 1,  2002, a system
that detects arsenic above 0.005 mg/L
and up to and including 0.01 mg/L:

    >•   Must  include  in  its  report a
       short  informational  statement
       about arsenic using language
       such as:

       While  your  drinking  water
       meets  EPA's  standard  for
       arsenic, it does  contain low
       levels  of  arsenic.    EPA's
       standard balances the current
       understanding  of  arsenic's
       possible health effects against
       the costs of removing arsenic
       from  drinking  water.   EPA
       continues  to  research  the
       health effects of low levels  of
       arsenic, which  is a  mineral
       known  to  cause cancer  in
       humans at high concentrations
       and is linked to  other health
       effects such as skin  damage
       and circulatory problems

    >•   May write  its own educational
       statement,   but  only   in
       consultation with  the  Primacy
       Agency.
§141.154(b)
§141.154(b)(1)
§141.154(b)(2)
                                           B-25

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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
A system which detects nitrate at
levels above 5 mg/L, but below the
MCL:

    >•   Must   include   a   short
       informational statement about
       the  impacts  of  nitrate  on
       children  using  languge  such
       as:

       Nitrate  in  drinking  water at
       levels above 10  ppm  is  a
       health risk for infants of  less
       than  six months of age.  High
       nitrate levels in drinking water
       can   cause   blue  baby
       syndrome.  Nitrate levels  may
       rise  quickly for short periods
       of time because of rainfall or
       agricultural activity.  If you are
       caring for an infant you should
       ask  advice from your health
       care  provider.

    >•   May  write its own educational
       statement,   but  only  in
       consultation with the Primacy
       Agency.
§141.154(c)
§141.154(c)(1)
§141.154(c)(2)
                                           B-26

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           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
Systems which detect lead above the
action level in more than 5%and up to
and including 10%, of homes
sampled:

    >•   Must  include   a   short
       informational statement about
       the special impact of lead on
       children using  language such
       as:

       Infants and young children are
       typically  more  vulnerable  to
       lead in drinking water than the
       general  population.    It  is
       possible  that  lead  levels  at
       your home may be higher than
       at  other  homes   in  the
       community  as  a   result  of
       materials used in your home's
       plumbing.   If  you  are
       concerned about elevated lead
       levels in  your home's water,
       you  may  wish to  have  your
       water tested  and flush  your
       tap  for  30  seconds  to  2
       minutes   before  using  tap
       water.  Additional information
       is  available from  the Safe
       Drinking Water Hotline (800-
       426-4791).

    >•   May write  its own educational
       statement,   but   only   in
       consultation with the Primacy
       Agency.
§141.154(d)
§141.154(d)(1)
§141.154(d)(2)
                                          B-27

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                      Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule
           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
CWSs that detect TTHM above 0.080
mg/l, but below the  MCL in §  141.12,
as an annual average, monitored  and
calculated  under the  provisions  of
§141.30,  must include health effects
language  for  TTHMs prescribed  by
Appendix A.
§141.154(e)
Beginning in the report due by July 1,
2002 and ending January 22, 2006, a
CWS that detects arsenic above 0.01
mg/L and  up to and including 0.05
mg/L must include the  arsenic  health
effects  language   prescribed   by
Appendix A to Subpart O.
§141.154(f)
REPORT DELIVERY AND
RECORDKEEPING

Except as provided in paragraph (g) of
this section, each CWS must mail or
otherwise directly deliver one copy of
the report to each customer.
§141.155
§141.155(a)
The system must make a "good faith"
effort to reach consumers who do not
get  water   bills,  using  means
recommended by the primacy agency.
§141.155(b)
No later than  the date the system is
required to distribute the  report to its
customers, each CWS  must mail  a
copy  of the  report  to  the  primacy
agency, followed within 3 months by a
certification that the  report has been
distributed to customers,  and that the
information is  correct and consistent
with the compliance  monitoring data
previously submitted  to the  primacy
agency.
§141.155(c)
                                           B-28

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                      Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule
           FEDERAL
         REQUIREMENT
    FEDERAL
     CITATION
    STATE
  CITATION

Document title;
 page #; and
    §or H
If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet
No  later than the date  the system  is
required to distribute the report to its
customers, each CWS must deliver the
report  to  any  other  agency   or
clearinghouse identified  by the primacy
agency.
§141.155(d)
Each  CWS  must  make  its  reports
available to the public upon request.
§141.155(e)
Each CWS serving  100,000  or more
persons must post its current year's
report to a publicly-accessible site on
the Internet.
§141.155(f)
Mailing Waiver for Systems
Serving Fewer than 10,000
Persons

The  Governor  of  a  State  or his
designee, or the Tribal  leader where
the  tribe   has   met  the   eligibility
requirements contained in §142.72 for
the purposes of waiving the mailing
requirement,   can   waive   the
requirement of  paragraph  (a) of this
section for  community water systems
serving fewer than 10,000 persons.  In
consultation with the tribal government,
the Regional Administrator may waive
the requirement of §141.55(a) in areas
in  Indian country where no tribe has
been deemed eligible.

Such systems must:

    >•    Publish reports in one or more
        local newspapers serving the
        area in  which the system  is
        located;
§141.155(g)
§141.155(g)(1)
                                           B-29

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Primacy Revision Crosswalk for the CCR Rule
FEDERAL
REQUIREMENT
>• Inform the customers that the
reports will not be mailed,
either in the newspapers in
which the reports are
published or by other means
approved by the State; and
>• Make the reports available to
the public upon request.
Systems serving 500 or fewer persons
may forego the requirements of
paragraphs (g)(1)(i) and (ii) of this
section if they provide notice at least
once per year to their customers by
mail, door-to-door delivery or by
posting in an appropriate location that
the report is available upon request.
Any system subject to this subpart
must retain copies of its Consumer
Confidence Report for no less than 3
years.
FEDERAL
CITATION
§141.155(g)(1)(ii)
§141.155(g)(1)(iii)
§141.155(g)(2)
§141.155(h)
STATE
CITATION
Document title;
page #; and
§or H



If different than
federal
requirement,
note here and
explain on a
separate sheet



B-30

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Section IV.   State   Reporting   and   Recordkeeping   Checklist -
               Example Format

   States can use this form to explain how State reporting and recordkeeping requirements are
consistent with federal requirements for recordkeeping at 40 CFR 142.14, and reporting at 40 CFR
142.15.  If the State's provisions differ from federal requirements, the State can use this form to
explain how their requirements are no less stringent.
State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist
Requirement
Are State Policies Consistent with
Federal Requirements? If Not, Explain
PN Rule - §142.14(f) - Records Kept by States
Public notification records under Subpart Q of part 141
received from public water systems (including the
certifications and copies of the public notice) and any State
determinations establishing alternative public notification
requirements for the water systems must be retained for
three years.

PNRule-§142.15(a)(1)
New violations by public water systems in the State during
the previous quarter of State regulations adopted to
incorporate the requirements of national primary drinking
water regulations, including violations of the public
notification requirements under Subpart Q of part 141.

OCR Rule - §142.16 (f) - Records Kept By The States
Each State that has primary enforcement responsibility
must make CCRs submitted to the State in compliance with
40 CFR 155(c) available to the public upon request.
Each State that has primary enforcement responsibility
must maintain a copy of the CCRs for a period of 1 year.
Each State that has primary enforcement responsibility
must keep a copy of the certifications obtained pursuant to
40 CFR 141.155(c)fora period of 3 years.



                                      B-31

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                      State Reporting and Recordkeeping Checklist
                  Requirement
  Are State Policies Consistent with
Federal Requirements? If Not, Explain
Each State  that  has  primary enforcement responsibility
must report violations of  40 CFR 141,  Subpart  O in
accordance with the requirements of §142.15(a)(1).


   *   §142.15(a)(1): Each State which has  primary enforcement
       responsibility shall submit quarterly reports to the Administrator
       on a schedule and in a format, prescribed by the Administrator
       that contains information on  violations by PWSs during the
       previous quarter of State regulations adopted to incorporate the
       requirements of the NPDWR.
 Section V.   Special Primacy Requirements - Example Format

    Appendix A contains the information on  addressing special primacy requirements for
 the PN Rule.  The special primacy requirements of the CCR  Rule address reporting and
 recordkeeping provisions and  are addressed in  the  State  Reporting and  Recordkeeping
 Checklist discussed in Section IV on the previous page.
                                           B-32

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Section VI.   Attorney  General's  Statement  of  Enforceability   -
                Example Format

Model Language

       I  hereby certify,  pursuant to  my  authority as  	(1)	and  in
accordance with the Safe Drinking Water Act as amended, and	(2)	,
that  in my opinion  the laws  of  the  [State/Commonwealth] of	(3)	[or
Tribal ordinances of	(4)	] to carry out the program set forth in the "Program
Description"  submitted  by the  	(5)	 have been duly  adopted  and  are
enforceable.  The specific authorities provided are contained in statutes or regulations that
are lawfully  adopted at the time this Statement is  approved and signed and will be fully
effective  by the time the program is approved.
    Guidance and Model Language For States on Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws

  In order for EPA to properly evaluate the  State's  request for approval, the  State  Attorney
  General or independent legal counsel should certify that the State's environmental audit immunity
  and/or privilege and immunity law does not affect its ability to meet enforcement and information
  gathering requirements under the Safe  Drinking Water Act.  This certification should   be
  reasonably consistent with the wording of the State audit laws and should demonstrate how State
  program approval criteria are satisfied.

  EPA will apply  the criteria outlined in its "Statement of Principles" memo issued on February 14,
  1997 in determining whether States with audit laws have retained adequate enforcement authority
  for any authorized federal programs.  The  principles articulated in the guidance are based on the
  requirements of federal law, specifically the enforcement and compliance and State program
  approval  provisions of  environmental statutes  and their corresponding  regulations.   The
  Principles provide that if provisions of State law are ambiguous,  it will be important to obtain
  opinions from the State Attorney General or independent legal counsel interpreting the law as
  meeting specific federal requirements. If the law cannot be so interpreted, changes to State laws
  may  be  necessary to obtain  federal  program  approval.   Before submitting  a package for
  approval, States  with audit privilege  and/or immunity laws should initiate communications with
  appropriate EPA  Regional offices to identify and discuss the issues raised  by the State's audit
  privilege and/or immunity law.
Model Language for States with No Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws

Furthermore,  I  certify  that  [State/Commonwealth] of 	(3)	  has not
enacted any environmental audit privilege and/or immunity laws.
                                         B-33

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Model Language For States with Audit Laws that Do Not Apply to the State Agency
Administering the Safe Drinking Water Act

Furthermore, I  certify that the environmental [audit privilege and/or immunity law] of the
[State/ Commonwealth] of	(3)	does not affect	(3)	
ability  to meet  enforcement and  information gathering requirements  under  the  Safe
Drinking Water Act because the [audit privilege  and/or immunity law] does not apply to
the program set forth  in the "Program Description." The Safe Drinking Water Act program
set forth in the "Program Description" is administered by 	(5)	; the
[audit  privilege  and/or  immunity  law]  does  not  affect  programs  implemented  by
	(5)	, thus the program set  forth  in the  "Program Description" is
unaffected by the  provisions of  [State/Commonwealth]  of	(3)	[audit
privilege and/or immunity law].

Model Language For States with Audit Privilege and/or Immunity Laws that Worked
with EPA to Satisfy Requirements for Federally Authorized. Delegated or Approved
Environmental Programs.

Furthermore, I  certify that the environmental [audit privilege and/or immunity law] of the
[State / Commonwealth of	(3)	] does not affect	(3)	
ability  to meet  enforcement and  information gathering requirements  under  the  Safe
Drinking  Water  Act  because  [State/Commonwealth]  of  	(3)	  has
enacted statutory revisions  and/or issued a clarifying Attorney General's statement to
satisfy  requirements  for federally authorized,   delegated or approved environmental
programs.

 Seal of Office    	
                  Signature
                  Name and Title
                  Date

(1)    Attorney General or attorney for primacy agency if it has independent legal counsel
(2)    40CFR 142.12(c)(1)(iii) for final requests for approval of program revisions
(3)    Name of State or Commonwealth
(4)    Name of Tribe
(5)    Name of Primacy Agency

                                      B-34

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Appendix C.  SDWIS  Reporting - Draft Final Version

      This appendix provides detailed information on violation and compliance achieved
definitions, and reporting  requirements  for each Public  Notice (PN)  violation type.  In
addition, this appendix contains examples on  what to  report, including  how to report
utilizing  the  appropriate  Safe  Drinking Water Information  System/Federal  version
(SDWIS/FED) Data Transfer File Format (DTF).

      At the time this document was issued, EPA was undergoing a revision of its
Information  Strategy Plan.  The DTF  and its related edit/update software was also
under consideration  for  major  revision.   In  addition,  EPA was  beginning  a
reevaluation of its data requirements considering the increased implementation and
reporting burden the new regulations will impose. Because changes in these areas
are being considered and  would not be implemented until 2002 or later,  we are
issuing this PN reporting guidance document as a draft final.  We have streamlined
the requirements  as much  as  possible to minimize the initial implementation of these
reporting requirements as well as potential changes under current  review.   Any  change
to  these requirements will be published  well in advance of their implementation  to allow
adequate time for the reporting entities to adjust their systems and processes.


                            Table of Contents

Background	C-3

Section I.    Federal Reporting  Requirements  	C-3

            A.     General Reporting Information	C-3

            B.     Violations	C-5

            C.     PN Link to Originating Rule (NPDWR) Violation	C-8

            D.     PN Violations for Non-NPDWR Violations
                  (Other Potential  Health Risk Situations)  	C-10

            E.     Violation/Reporting Examples	C-
                  11

Section II.    Returned to Compliance and Enforcement Action Reporting  	C-19

Section III.   SDWIS/FED Reporting  Time-lines  	C-21
                                     C-1

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Section IV.   Sources for Additional Information	C-21



                               List of Exhibits



Exhibit 1 - SDWIS/FED DTP C1100 - Violation Record Data Elements	C-7

Exhibit 2 - SDWIS/FED DTP C1100 - Violation/Link Record Data Elements	C-9

Exhibit 3 - SDWIS/FED DTP - Public Notification Violation Record  	C-12

Exhibit 4 - SDWIS/FED DTP - Public Notification Violation Record  	C-13

Exhibit 5 - SDWIS/FED DTP Enforcement/Follow-up Record	C-13

Exhibit 6 - SDWIS/FED Public Notification Violation Record After RTC	C-14

Exhibit 7 - SDWIS/FED DTF - Public Notification Violation Record  	C-16

Exhibit 8a - Notice of Violation SDWIS/FED DTF Enforcement/
          Follow-up Record  	C-16

Exhibit 8b - Returned to Compliance SDWIS/FED DTF Enforcement/
          Follow-up Record  	C-16

Exhibit 9a - DTF Transactions for Violation and Enforcement Data	C-18

Exhibit 9b - DTF Transactions for Violation and Enforcement Data  	C-19

Exhibit 10 - Returned to Compliance Definition 	C-20

Exhibit 11 - SDWIS/FED Reporting Time-lines 	C-21
                                      C-2

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Background

      This section discusses the Federal reporting requirements under 40 CFR  Section
142.15(a)(1) for  reporting violations,  follow-up and enforcement actions, and "returned
to compliance information" to the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal version
(SDWIS/FED).  Specific examples are provided  for each reporting requirement including
examples of the SDWIS/FED  data transfer format (DTF) which is required to upload the
data to SDWIS/FED.  Reporting  non-compliance with the revised Public Notification  (PN)
rule  via the informal  public notice enforcement/follow-up actions  is  no longer  a  valid
method of reporting. Non-compliance must be reported as violations to SDWIS/FED.  PN
reporting requirements  apply to all water systems.
Section I.      Federal Reporting Requirements

A.    General Reporting Information

      The Public  Notification   Rule  (PN)  establishes  the  requirements  for  public
notification of all  NPDWR violations and  other  situations which pose a risk to public
health  (e.g.,  Total  Coliform Rule, Phase II/V Rule,  Surface  Water  Treatment  Rule,
waterborne disease outbreaks,  periods of operation under a variance or exemption, etc.).
 The severity  of  rule  violations and  the other specified situations requiring  public
notification are  classified into three tiers.  Each  tier defines the specific  public notice
requirements  which includes: method of delivery, due dates, frequency, and  content.  Tier
1 notification  is required as soon as practical, but no later than 24 hours after the PWS
learns of the violation or PN situation; Tier 2 notification is required no later  than 30 days
after; and Tier 3 notification is required not later than 1 year  after.  Refer to the specific
sections of the PN implementation guidance for those details.

      For those situations where PN is required because of a violation  of one or more of
the NPDWRs,  a one-to-one  relationship between the PN  violation and the underlying
NPDWR violation will  be established in  SDWIS/FED  by a new requirement to report a
violation to violation link attribute.  The violation type code for NPDWR PN violations is 75.
For those situations where there is no underlying NPDWR violation, the PN violation is
reported  without the link information and is differentiated by the PN  violation type code
of 76.  Violation and violation link reporting is discussed further  in  Section I.C.  Reporting
when a  system has  returned to compliance and reporting of all formal  enforcement
actions taken against PN violations are also required for this rule and are discussed
further in  Section II.
                                       C-3

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      A Public  Notice violation occurs when the  PWS fails to meet  one or more PN
requirement for  any single Public  Notice  event.    Some violation  conditions require  an
initial  public notice  and one  or  more "repeat"  notices.  Each requirement to provide a
public notice is considered a  single event  and requires a separate compliance evaluation.
Therefore,  a long term violation condition which requires multiple  repeat notices could
result in more than one PN violation.

      A PN violation exists when  a PWS fails to provide public notice which meets the
rule requirements for time, form, manner, and delivery as summarized below:

             fails  to  generate  and deliver  the  PN  to its  customers within  the
             appropriate time period,

             fails to use the appropriate language and/or include required content,

             fails to use the proper method of delivery (electronic, newspaper, etc.),

             fails to prepare and deliver required repeat notices,

             fails to  provide a  copy of the  public notice  and certification to the
             State by the due date as specified in the rule.

(Refer to Section IV, A.1, of the Implementation Guidance for  PN violation discussion and
Section I, B.2, for PN Tier discussion.)

      The PN rule requires  water systems  to deliver the  required  certification  that  all
applicable  PN requirements  were  met,  along with  a  copy of the public  notice,  to the
primacy  agency  within  the  appropriate  period of time.   When  the primacy  agency
determines that  the "certification" was not received within the appropriate period of time:
or upon review of the  copy of the notice, the notice did not meet the content requirements,
or for the  failure to  meet any  other requirement,  the primacy agency must issue and
report a violation to  SDWIS/FED under 40 CFR 142.15(a)(1).   Because the intent of this
rule  is  to  provide  specific  information to  the  public regarding  their  exposure  to
contaminants and potential health  risks, all public notice violations  carry the same level
of severity.  The underlying NPDWR violation drives the severity of the public's health risk
and is the  basis for the new requirement to  link the  PN violation to the related NPDWR
violation.   In addition, all  public notices  must be  generated and  delivered as required
before the water  system may be considered "returned to compliance."

      Violations  and returned  to  compliance  data should  be reported to SDWIS/FED
within 45 days after the end of the quarter in which  the violation occurred, or in which the
system  returned to compliance.   Examples  on how  to report violation and  returned to
compliance data  are provided  in Section E.
                                         C-4

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B.    Violations

      PN violations will be characterized in SDWIS/FED by the following data elements:

      A unique violation record identifier (DTP element C1101)  consisting of  the  2
      character federal fiscal year and a unique 5 character number.

      A code identifying the Public Notice contaminant/rule code for which the  violation
      applies (DTP element C1103 = 7500).

      A code describing the type of violation (DTP element C1105 = 75 or 76).
                   75 = NPDWR PN Violation
                   76 = Other Potential Health Risk Situations PN Violation (Non-NPDWR)

      The violation/compliance period begin date (DTP element C1107).

      The violation/compliance period end  date which  is defined as the date the  water
      system had returned to compliance  as determined by the primacy agency.  This
      date is promoted  from  the returned to compliance date which  is  reported  in the
      enforcement/follow-up action record (DTP C1203 also populates C1109).

      The link method code and the related data which identifies the underlying  NPDWR
      violation  (DTP  C1144 - NPDWR Violation  ID  Link, or  C1145 -  violation  type,
      rule/contaminant code,  violation/compliance  period begin  date,  and  source entity
      identification number [SEID] when applicable).

      PN rule  violations will  have the contaminant/rule  code  of  7500.   As  a  result,
SDWIS/FED  will provide  (default) the value of 7500 for data element C1103 when the
violation type code equals the PN type code 75  or  76.   States may choose to include a
DTP transaction with this  value to maintain consistency with other  violation reporting.
That will be acceptable as long as the value reported for C1103 is 7500 for violations of
this rule.
      Normally, violations  are characterized by a  begin and end date which equates to
the  applicable monitoring  period or by  the range of  dates in which a  specific action or set
of actions was to have taken place.  For this rule, the requirement is to deliver the public
notice and deliver the required certification regarding  delivery and other  applicable PN
requirements along  with a copy of the notice to the primacy agency within a certain time
period following the system's awareness of the situation which requires a  PN.   If these
requirements are not met, a violation exists and is to be reported to SDWIS/FED.  Under
the  previous PN  rule,  the period  of  non-compliance was  represented  by the  fixed
monitoring  or compliance  period  range  of dates related  to the underlying   NPDWR
violation.
                                        C-5

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Under this rule, the period of non-compliance will be represented by the date the
PN violation began and the date the system returned to compliance as determined
by the primacy agency.

       The violation/compliance period begin date is defined as  the day  after the PN
certification and  copy of the notice is due to the primacy agency (ten days after the notice
is delivered) and is reported as the  DTP element C1107. The violation/compliance period
end date, DTP element C1109, is NOT reported in the violation record for PN violations.
When  SDWIS/FED processes the PN violation, the violation/compliance period end date
is  populated with  the  future  end  date  of  12/31/20151.   When  the PWS  returns to
compliance and the State  reports that information to  SDWIS/FED,  the date  the  PWS
returned to compliance will replace  the defaulted violation/compliance period end date of
12/31/2015.  This method of capturing non-compliance  displays  the actual period of time
the PWS was out of compliance, or, "in violation."

       Should a  system close down  or no longer meet the definition of a PWS, once the
deactivation data  is reported,  SDWIS/FED  will  automatically  replace the PN  violation's
defaulted end date of 12/31/2015 with the deactivation date2.  This will prevent States
from having to specifically close out these violations.   (Note:  Deactivation data should
NOT be reported  during periods of  off-season  operation for seasonal systems). Should
the State desire  to report something other than RTC for these  inactive system's violations,
a "Intentional No  Action" (SO6/EO6)  enforcement/follow-up  action  may  be  reported and
linked  to  the  violations.    SDWIS/FED will  replace  the defaulted  end date with the
(SO6/EO6) action date as it  does with  RTC  actions.  RTC  should  be  reserved for
reporting when a  system actually completes  the requirement (e.g., preforms the notice,
meets the MCL, completes the monitoring, etc.,).

       All PN violations are considered equivalent;  therefore, the major violation indicator
(DTF element C1131) is not reported for PN rule violations.
             12/31/2015 is an arbitrary date currently used within SDWIS/FED in situations where blank (null)
             values are not allowed.  It is merely a place-holder for a value which will be supplied when the
             system's returned to compliance data is reported.


             The deactivation data consists of the activity status changing from A = Active to I = Inactive and the
             month and year of inactivation.  This process will use the last day of the month in the deactivation
             month to post as the violation/compliance period end date in the PN violation.

                                         C-6

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       Exhibit 1 below presents the violation record data and permitted values for PN rule
violations.
Exhibit 1 -SDWIS/FED DTP C11 00 -Violation Record Data Elements
Number
C1101
C1103*
C1105
C1107**
C1144or
C1145
Format
Char 7
Char 4
Char 2
Date 8 (yyyy/mm/dd)
Char 7
Char 40
Description
Violation ID
Contaminant/Rule Code = 7500
Violation Type Code = 75, 76
Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
NPDWR Violation ID
Violation Type, Rule/Contaminant Code,
Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date,
SEID if appropriate






and
         C1103 will be defaulted by SDWIS/FED or may be provided by the State

         C1107 - The official data standard format for dates is YYYY/MM/DD; however,
         SDWIS/FED will accept dates in either YYYY/MM/DD or MM/DD/YYYY format.
       The Violation ID,  DTP element C1101, is a  number which uniquely identifies the
related attributes in a record.  The violation record ID and the enforcement record ID are
used  by SDWIS/FED to establish the processing domain for violations and enforcement
data in the total  replacement processing  mode.  Record identifiers are also used in linking
violations to  enforcements  and  now, in linking violations to violations.   The first two
characters of these record identifiers must be  a two digit number which represents the
federal fiscal year in which the primacy  agency became  aware of the violation or issued
the enforcement/follow-up  action (e.g.,   enforcement/follow-up  action  date 07/10/1999
would have an enforcement record ID of  "99" in  the first two positions of the field).  Proper
use  and  designation  of record  identifiers  is  critical   to  the  successful  submission,
maintenance  and linking  of violation-to-violation  and violation-to-enforcement data.  Refer
to the SDWIS/FED Data Entry Instructions for more detailed information.
                                         C-7

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                               Things to Remember
 o     Violations begin the day after the missed requirement's deadline.

 o     The violation ends when the primacy agency determines that the system has
       returned to compliance.

 o     Violation/Compliance period end dates are defaulted by SDWIS/FED (NOT
       reported by the state).

 o     Defaulted Violation/Compliance period end dates are replaced by the RTC
       date when the Enforcement/follow-up Record is reported and linked to the PN
       violation.

 o     Violation Type Codes: 75   PN Violation for an NPDWR Violation
                             76 Other Potential Health Risk Situations PN
                          Violations

 o     75 - NPDWR PN violations MUST be linked to their underlying
           NPDWR rule violations.

 o     Other Potential Health Risk Situation PN Violations do not have underlying
       violations.

 o     States should begin reporting under new requirements within 6 months after
       adoption.

 o     Repeat PN notice requirements are considered separate PN events and are
       subject to the same compliance determination criteria and reporting
       requirements as the initial PN event. They are reported with the same
       violation type code as the initial PN event and carry the same level of severity.
C.    PN Link to Originating Rule (NPDWR) Violation

      The revised PN  rule requires  information be  reported which will identify  the
underlying  NPDWR violation and  information which will  allow violations to be  linked.
Information required to perform this link is similar to the information currently  required to
link violations and enforcements.

      Linking  the PN violation to  the  underlying violation may  be accomplished by one
of two methods: providing the specific underlying violation's record identifier  number, or
by providing the underlying violation's violation type code, contaminant/rule code, and the
violation/compliance  period   begin date  and  when  appropriate  the  Source   Entity

                                        C-8

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Identification Number (SEID).   These methods  are similar to the  Y5000 and  Z5000
enforcement to violation link methods currently in use.

       Initially, the link data will not establish a true relationship  between the PN violation
and  the  underlying  NPDWR  violation  due  to  pending  revisions  to EPA's Information
Strategy  Plan, anticipated changes to its current data transfer format (DTP), and  related
edit/update software which will impact how these relationships  are actually created and
maintained in the SDWIS/FED  data  base.  Final  decisions  are not expected until late
2001;  thus  the required link data will only be  stored   as attributes  in the PN violation
record until  the anticipated  DTP and related SDWIS/FED  software  changes are  made.
This implementation provides  the  information required to  identify the underlying violation
and its related enforcements and compliance status as well as provides the required data
to establish  the actual relationship in  SDWIS/FED in  the  near future  while minimizing the
implementation impact on the States.
           Exhibit 2 - SDWIS/FED DTP C1100 - Violation/Link Record Data
                                      Elements
         Number
          C1144
          C1145
                        Description
NPDWR Violation's Record Identification Number Link Method
NPDWR Violation's Contaminant/Rule, Violation Type,
Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date (SE-ID*) Link Method
      * The water system source facility identification number (SE-ID -C1143) is required when the State
       reports chemical violations at the facility level instead of the PWS level.

      Included  in the Information Strategy  Plan  Revision  analysis,  EPA is considering
requiring all record identifiers be  unique and permanent which will result  in  significant
improvements  in data quality and  simplify the use  and maintenance of SDWIS/FED's
relational  data.    Because of  this  probable change,  States  which maintain  unique,
permanent violation record identifiers  may  report PN violations  using  either link method
(C1144 or C1145).  States which do not, should use the  C1145 link method.  States using
SDWIS/STATE  need  not be  concerned  because  SDWIS/STATE  uses  unique  and
permanent record identifiers and links records by that method.

      SDWIS/FED will begin accepting data in the revised reporting format as of July 15,
2001. As  of that date, attempts to report violations with violation type code 75 (revised
reporting type  code for PN violations  linked to NPDWR violations), which  do not have the
link to  the  underlying  NPDWR violation  data,  will  result in  the  PN   violation  being
REJECTED.   Until the  State adopts the revised PN regulations and begins  reporting
under the new requirements, the State should continue  to report PN violations under the
old PN  rule's  requirements (underlying rule contaminant code, PN  violation  type code of

                                         C-9

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06, and the begin and  end date of the  underlying  violation).   When EPA modifies  its
implementation of link data to being maintained as a relationship between the PN  violation
and the underlying NPDWR violation, if the underlying  NPDWR violation  is not in the
SDWIS/FED database, the PN violation will be rejected.  EPA will provide advanced notice
prior to implementing that edit criteria.  Examples of how to report NPDWR  violations are
presented in Section E.
D.    PN Violations for Non-NPDWR Violations
      (Other Potential Health Risk Situations)

      PN violations for those other situations  which  pose a risk to public health will  be
referred to as a group from this point on as "Non-NPDWR" or "Other Potential Health Risk
Situation".   Since these "Other" situations which require a public notice are not related
to a  National Primary  Drinking  Water  Regulation violation (e.g.,  waterborne  disease
outbreaks or emergency situations, exceedances of the Fluoride  secondary maximum
contaminant level (SMCL), and notices required because the PWS is operating under a
variance, etc.),  we have designated a separate violation type code for those types of PN
violations of 76 - Other (Non-NPDWR) Potential Health  Risk Situations.

      As these violations do not have underlying NPDWR violations, there is no link data
to be reported.   These violations  will be  characterized by the same attributes  as the
NPDWR violations with the exception of the C1144 and C1145 link attributes which will
not be used for these violations.  Reporting of all formal enforcement/follow-up  actions
and  return to  compliance  data  is  also  the  same.   Examples  of  how  to report these
violations are also presented in Section E.

      Because tracking compliance with PN requirements is based on "when  the  PWS
learns of the violation or other situation" which requires  PN, AND a period of time which
is established  based on the "Tier"  of the violation  or situation, PLUS thelO  days within
which the certification  and  copy of  the notice must  be provided to you, you may wish to
simplify your tracking by "determining" the system was "aware" of the violation or situation
based on the date of your notice  of  violation or the date of the letter or phone call advising
the  system to perform public notification.  Our examples  use the day after the end of the
compliance period plus the 10 day report to the state period.  In reality, the begin date
could be ANY day of the month  based on your system  of notifying  the PWS of violation
conditions and your recordkeeping system.   We recommend  that a  state develops a
standardized method of tracking and reporting PN begin dates to simplify the process.

      Water systems  operating under a  variance or exemption  must provide PN not less
than 1 year after the  begin date  of operation under the variance or  exemption.    In
addition,  additional repeat notices  must be  provided annually from then  on until  they
cease operating under the variance or exemption.  Each required  PN, whether initial or

                                       C-10

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one of the repeats, is considered a separate PN event and requires individual compliance
determination.  A separate violation is to be reported for each PN event in which one or
more  requirement was not met.  A separate violation type code for  repeats was not
created; thus both initial and repeat PN violations are reported using the same violation
type code.

      Specific information on Variance and Exemptions is also  required to be included
in  the system's annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).   Depending on the begin
date of the variance or exemption,  the delivery  date, and method of delivery for their
CCR, PN requirements may be met  through their CCR without having to  perform  a
separate  PN notification.   Refer to  the CCR guidance and Section I,  B.6, of the PN
Implementation Guidance  for specific  requirements.  In  either  case, multiple NPDWR
violations and/or other situations requiring PN may be included in a single "annual" public
notice.  Therefore,  one RTC enforcement/follow-up action record may  require  multiple
links to multiple PN violations .   Because the Tier 3 PN violations are those most likely
to  be addressed in  the "annual" notice  method, you might consider specifically  tracking
the "Tier" in your data base.

      Note: When  a Variance or Exemption is granted to a PWS, a Variance and
            Exemption record should  be reported to SDWIS/FED which provides
            specific information regarding  the contaminant(s) covered, the period
            involved, and  the conditions  under which the system must operate
            during  the period of coverage.  For specific information on how to
            report variances, refer to the SDWIS/FED Data Entry Instructions.
E.    Violation/Reporting Examples

      Examples of what to report for Non-NPDWR and NPDWR PN violations, how to link
the  PN violation to  underlying violations,  how to report enforcement/follow-up actions, how
to report when the violation has returned to compliance, and the appropriate SDWIS/FED
Data Transfer File (DTF) format for  each type  of  data, are provided on the following
pages.  For all examples, we will assume the State has adopted the PN rule.


              Violation Type Code 75 - NPDWR PN Violation Examples

Example 1:   75 - NPDWR Violation

      A system (MM9988777) delivers  the public notification for the December 1, 2001
SWTR  treatment technique violation for  exceeding the single maximum allowable turbidity
limit within the appropriate time period  (Tier 1 - required within  24 hours).  It  fails to
provide  a  copy to  the  State by December 11, 2001.  The  State determines the public
notification has not been  provided as  of December 12, 2001  and  designates a  PN

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violation.  By  February 15, 2002 (within 45 days after the end of the quarter), the State
should report the following violation information:
          Exhibit 3 - SDWIS/FED DTP - Public Notification Violation Record
   C1101
   C1103*
   C1105
   C1107
0200213
7500
75
2001/12/12
Violation ID
Contaminant Code (Rule Code)
Violation Type Code
Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
   *Note:  C1103 and will be defaulted by SDWIS/FED to 7500 or may be entered by the Primacy Agency.
SDWIS/FED will  populate  the violation/compliance  period end  date  (C1109)  with the
default date of 12/31/2015.  (Should the State report an end date, SDWIS/FED will  reject
it.)
       Originating Rule Violation information:
             C1101        0200101      Violation ID
             C1103        0200         Contaminant Code (Rule Code for SWTR)
             C1105        41           Violation Type Code (for Treatment Technique)
             C1107        2001/12/01    Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
             C1109        2001/12/31    Violation/Compliance Period End Date
       The  State elects  to  link  the  PN violation to the  originating rule violation by the
C1144 link  method (link by Violation ID) because it maintains permanent Violation IDs for
all violations.  In addition to the information in Exhibit 3, the State should also report the
following:
   C1144
0200101
Link to Originating Violation by ID
The DTF transactions for this violation with link record are:
DTF Transactions for Violation Data for Exhibit 3
Columns
1-2
D1
D1
Columns
3-11
MM9988777
MM9988777
Columns
12-18
0200213
0200213
Columns
19-25


Columns
26-31
IC1105
IC1107
Columns
32-71
75
20011212
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      D1
MM9988777
0200213
C1144
0200101
       If the State  had elected to link the  PN  violation to the underlying violation by the
C1145  link  method  (the  underlying  violation's  Violation Type,  Contaminant/Rule,  and
Compliance Period Begin Date), the violation record  and related  DTP  transactions would
be reported as follows:
          Exhibit 4 - SDWIS/FED DTP - Public Notification Violation Record
  C1101
  C1103*
  C1105
  C1107
  C1145
          0200213
          7500
          75
          2001/12/12
          41020020011201
             Violation ID
             Contaminant Code (Rule Code)
             Violation Type Code
             Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
             Violation Type-Contaminant/Rule-Violation/
             Compliance Period  Begin Date (SEID*)
 *Note: C1103 and will be defaulted by SDWIS/FED to 7500 or may be entered by the Primacy Agency.

        SEID is only reported as link criteria when the underlying violations are reported at the Source Entity
        (entry point) level.
DTP Transactions for Violation Data for Exhibit 4
Columns
1-2
D1
D1
D1
Columns
3-11
MM9988777
MM9988777
MM9988777
Columns
12-18
0200213
0200213
0200213
Columns
19-25



Columns
26-31
IC1105
IC1107
C1145
Columns
32-71
75
20011212
41020020011201
       On May 20, 2002, the PWS provides a copy of the public notice to the State and
returns to compliance. On August 15, 2002 (45 days after the end of the quarter the PWS
returns to compliance) the State must report the returned to compliance follow-up action
and the required RTC to  PN violation link. The State elects to  report the follow-up action
by  the Z5000  (violation type,  contaminant/rule,   compliance period  begin  date) link
method.  The example below displays the required information:

          |  Exhibit 5 - SDWIS/FED DTP Enforcement/Follow-up Record    |
                                         C-13

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C1201
C1203
C1205
Z5000
0200333
2002/05/20
SOX
75750020011212
Enforcement ID
Enf-Action-Date
Enf-Action-Code
Enf-Linkto Violation
The DTP transactions for this record are:
DTP Transactions for Enforcement/Follow-up Data for Exhibit 5
Columns
1-2
E1
E1
E1
Columns
3-11
MM9988777
MM9988777
MM9988777
Columns
12-18
0200333
0200333
0200333
Columns
19-25



Columns
26-31
IC1203
IC1205
Z5000
Columns
32-71
20020520
SOX
757500020011212
       Once the returned to compliance enforcement/follow-up action  record  is submitted
and linked to the PN violation(s), SDWIS/FED replaces the PN violation/compliance period
end date with the returned to compliance record's action date.  In the  example above, the
data in SDWIS/FED for that PN violation would appear as follows:
        Exhibit 6 - SDWIS/FED Public Notification Violation Record After RTC
  C1101
  C1103
  C1105
  C1107
  C1109


  C1145
0200013
7500
75
2001/12/12
2002/05/20


41020020011201
Violation ID
Contaminant Code (Rule Code)
Violation Type Code
Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
Violation/Compliance Period End Date (Date RTC from linked
Enforcement/Follow-up Action Record)
Violation Type-Contaminant/Rule-Compliance Period Begin Date
Link to underlying NPDWR violation information.
Reporting violations at the entry point level is not appropriate for
SWTR violations therefore, SEID would not be required.	
Example 2:   75 - NPDWR PN Violation (Tier 2)
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      A water system incurs a non-turbidity* SWTR Treatment Technique violation for
January 2004; and learns of the violation on February 13, 2004.  It delivers the required
PN to the customers and the state on February 25th (This is a Tier 2 violation which must
be provided within 30 days of learning of the violation or, by 3/15/2004).  At the same time,
the system also provides the state with the required certification. Upon review of the copy
of the notice on March 5th,  the state determines  the content is not adequate and that a
new notice must be prepared and delivered.  The  system prepares a  new notice, delivers
it to its  customers, and provides the certification and copy  of  the notice to the state on
March  15, 2004.   The  state  determines the new notice is adequate and  all other
requirements have  been met.   This  system does not incur a violation  because an
adequate  notice was provided  within the required period  of  time.   (*Had  this been  a
turbidity violation,  the system would also  be required to consult with  the State within 24
hours of learning of the violation to deterimine if Tier 1 notice should be given.)

      If this  system had failed to produce,  deliver and provide the  notice  to customers
and send a  copy of the notice and certification to the state by the  March 25th deadline
(certification and copy of the notice is due to the state within 10 days from delivery of the
notice),  a violation would be reported.  The violation/compliance period begin date  would
have been the day after the due  date of the notice, March 26, 2004.  If this system
provided the  certification, etc., on August 15, 2004, and  the state reported  the returned
to compliance record, the violation would be displayed as follows:

      Contaminant Code:               7500
      Violation type Code:              75
      Compliance Period Begin Date:    March 26, 2004
      Compliance Period End Date:     August 15, 2004 *
      NPDWR Link Data:               41 0200  2004/01/01 (vio type,  SWTR rule code,
                                      violation/compliance period begin date)

* Note:       The compliance period end date is promoted from the enforcement/follow-up action
             record for the returned to compliance action and replaces the SDWIS/FED defaulted
             date of 12/31/2015.
          Violation Type Code 76 - Other Potential Health Risk Situations
                                   PN Violation Examples
Example 3:  76 - WaterBorne Disease Outbreak and Emergencies (Tier 1)

      The local county health  official calls the XYZ water system (XX1234567) on March
12, 2002, to officially notify the system that an outbreak of a  waterborne disease was
traced back to  their system.  The PWS fails to  produce the  PN and deliver it to their
customers within the appropriate time period (Tier 1 notice is required as soon as practical
                                        C-15

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but no later than 24 hours after the system learns of the outbreak). The state learns of the
outbreak from the  newspaper or state health officials  on April  2, 2002.  The  state
determines a  PN  requirement existed  which was  not met by  the  PWS and  issues a
violation with a begin date of March 23, 2002.  Because there  is no underlying violation,
no  link data is required.   By May  15, 2002 you would report the following  information to
SDWIS/FED:
          Exhibit 7 - SDWIS/FED DTP  - Public Notification Violation Record
  C1101

  C1103*

  C1105

  C1107
0201223

7500

76

2002/03/23
Violation ID

Contaminant Code (Rule Code)

Violation Type Code

Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date
  *Note:  C1103 and will be defaulted by SDWIS/FED to 7500 or may be entered by the Primacy Agency.
The DTP transactions for this record are:
DTP Transactions for Violation Data for Exhibit 7
Columns
1-2
D1
D1
Columns
3-11
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
Columns
12-18
0201223
0201223
Columns
19-25


Columns
26-31
IC1105
IC1107
Columns
32-71
76
20020323
       On April 2, 2002, you issue a Notice of Violation to the PWS for failure to deliver the
PN.  The PWS  must deliver the PN  before it can  return to compliance.  It does so and
provides the state with the required certification  and copy of the notice on May 10, 2002.
The state elects to link the two actions to the PN violation by  the Y5000 link method.  By
August 15, 2002 you would report the following enforcement/follow-up actions:
Exhibit 8a - Notice of Violation
SDWIS/FED DTP Enforcement/Follow-up Record
C1201
C1203
C1205
Y5000
0208340
2002/04/02
SFJ
0201223
Enforcement ID
Enf-Action-Date
Enf-Action-Code
Enf-Link to Violation ID
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Exhibit 8b - Returned to Compliance
SDWIS/FED DTP Enforcement/Follow-up Record
C1201
C1203
C1205
Y5000
0208301
2002/05/10
SOX
0201223
Enforcement ID
Enf-Action-Date
Enf-Action-Code
Enf-Link to Violation ID
The DTP transactions for these records are:
DTP Transactions for Enforcement/Follow-up Data for Exhibits 8a and 8b
Columns
1-2
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
Columns
3-11
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
XX1 234567
Columns
12-18
0208301
0208301
0208301
0208340
0208340
0208340
Columns
19-25






Columns
26-31
IC1203
IC1205
Y5000
IC1203
IC1205
Y5000
Columns
32-71
20020510
SOX
0201223
20020402
SFJ
0208301
      Both enforcement/follow-up actions will be linked to the same PN violation.  When
SDWIS/FED processes the returned to compliance action, the action date (May 10, 2002)
will replace the violation/compliance period end date in the PN violation.  Reporting of the
Other Potential Health Risk Situations PN Violations are reported the same way.  The only
variation will be the violation/compliance period begin date which is  based  on the actual
PN requirements for the specific type of potential health risk.
Example 4:  76 - PWS Operating Under a Variance or Exemption (Tier 3)

      System  VV9876541 was  granted a variance for 1-2-3 Death contaminant for the
period of October 1,  2005 through September 30, 2008.   Because this is  a Tier 3 PN
requirement, the  PWS must notify its customers via it's CCR and/or through a separate
PN.  It must also provide annual repeat notices.   The initial notice is due September 30,
2006. Their first CCR after the variance was granted is due by July 1, 2006 and could be
used for the initial PN requirement as long as they include the proper language and
incorporate the appropriate delivery method and addressees, etc.  The PWS indicates
they will use the CCR to provide the required PN.   However, upon review of the  CCR on
August 2,  2006,  you  determine that the PWS failed to include the proper language and
                                       C-17

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failed to deliver to the required addressees.  You notify the PWS of this  deficiency  and
that  it  must provide  a  separate  notice.   The system  provides the PN as required  and
certifies (with a copy)  that it has done so on September 28, 2006.

       In  this example,  the PWS  is not in violation.  They had the full year to perform the
notice.   If they had  not completed the  notice until November 12, 2006, they would have
incurred a violation. The violation would be characterized as follows:
      Contaminant Code:
      Violation type Code:
      Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date:
      Defaulted Violation/Compliance Period End Date:
7500
76
October 11, 2006
December 31, 2015
After you report the RTC date of November 12, 2006, linked to the violation, the violation
would be characterized as follows:
      Contaminant Code:
      Violation type Code:
      Violation/Compliance Period Begin Date:
      Defaulted Violation/Compliance Period End Date:
7500
76
October 11, 2006
November 12, 2006
Because the violation  and RTC  occurred  within the same reporting  period,  the data
reported to SDWIS/FED within 45 days after the end of  the quarter in which the  actions
took place (February 15, 2007), would be as follows:
Exhibit 9a: DTP Transactions for Violation and Enforcement Data
Columns
1-2
D1
D1
E1
E1
E1
Columns
3-11
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
Columns
12-18
0700011
0700011
0700012
0700012
0700012
Columns
19-25





Columns
26-31
IC1105
IC1107
IC1203
IC1205
Z5000
Columns
32-71
76
20061011
20061112
SOX
77750020061011
Note: 1 . There is no underlying NPDWR violation. Therefore there is no violation to violation link
data in the violation record.
2. The enforcement/follow-up record is linked to the PN violation by the PN violation type
code, the contaminant/rule code for PN, and the violation/compliance period begin date
of the PN violation.
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      If the initial notice was due by October 10, 2006 as in the example above, the
repeat notices would be due  on October 10 of each succeeding year.  Should any one
of the PN  requirements not be  met,  a  violation is incurred.   Repeat  annual  notice
violations are reported exactly the same way as the initial PN violation with the exception
of the violation begin date, which should reflect the appropriate year.

      If this RTC  enforcement/follow-up  action represented  an "annual" notice  which
contained proper notice for this PN violation, a June 2005 TCR monthly M/R PN violation,
and  an  October 2005 annual Fluoride M/R  PN  violation, the following data would  be
included with the RTC data:
Exhibit 9b: DTP Transactions for Violation and Enforcement Data
Columns
1-2
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
Columns
3-11
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
VV9876541
Columns
12-18
0700012
0700012
0700012
0700012
0700012
Columns
19-25





Columns
26-31
IC1203
IC1205
Z5000
Z5000
Z5000
Columns
32-71
20061112
SOX
77750020061011
26310020060711
03102520061111
Note: This example assumes the PWS learned of the PN requirement on the last day of the M/R
period. Therefore, the TCR M/R PN (Tier 3) was due by July 1 0, 2006 and the Fluoride (Tier
3) M/R PN was due by November 1 1 , 2006.
Section II.     Returned  to  Compliance  and Enforcement

                  Action Reporting

      Reporting that a system has returned to compliance is required for  PN violations
and is reported as an  enforcement/follow-up action record. This record consists  of the
enforcement/follow-up  action ID,  the action  type (SOX/EOX = returned to compliance),
and the  action date which is  defined  as the date the  primacy agency determines the
system subsequently met all requirements.   In addition,  all formal enforcement actions
taken  against  systems for   violations  of  this rule are required  to  be  reported  to
SDWIS/FED.   Both "returned to  compliance" and formal  enforcements should be  linked
to the specific violation(s) they address. The following describes the two appropriate ways
in which enforcement and  follow-up actions, formal and  informal  (including returned to
compliance), may be linked to PN rule violations:

      Associated Violation IDs (Y5000) -  FY& VIOLATION ID NUMBER.
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       Entering the specific  violation  ID(s) to which the enforcement action  is
       related will establish  a link  between the  enforcement  record  and  each
       violation record matching the specific violation ID.  If no links are established
       (reported  violation  ID(s)   not  found/matched  on  the   data   base)  the
       enforcement record will be posted to the data base and the link data will be
       rejected.3
      Associated Violation Contaminant Groups (Z5000) -
      TYPE, CONTAMINANT/RULE, VIOLATION/COMPLIANCE PERIOD
      BEGIN DATE (YYYY/ MM/DD)

      Entering the violation type  code (75), the contaminant code (7500) and the
      violation/compliance period begin  date  will  establish a  link between the
      enforcement  action  and   all   PN  violations   which  exactly  match  the
      enforcement link data. If no matches are found, the enforcement record will
      be posted to the data base and the link data will be rejected.

      Only the Y5000 and  Z5000 enforcement/violation linking  methods are appropriate
for the PN  rule violations. The J5000  method will be modified to reject the entire record
when PN violation type codes are present.  The X5000 link method is based on a begin
and  end  date  resulting in a link to every  violation falling within those dates which is not
always appropriate. Therefore, this link method is being considered  for elimination in the
near future.  As mentioned earlier, EPA is re-evaluating its use of the record identifier. We
recommend States which do not maintain  unique and  permanent record identifiers for its
violations and  enforcement actions use the Z5000  link method.  States that do  may  use
either link method.  Examples of how  to  report these violation/enforcement link methods
are provided in the violation section above. Exhibit 10 defines returned to compliance.
                  Exhibit 10- Returned to Compliance Definition
 System subsequently delivers the public notification, and delivers a copy of the notice to the State
 as required under §141.31.
             Corrections should be submitted to SDWIS/FED as soon as possible to provide the correct
             link data for the violation-to-violation and enforcement-to-violation records.
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                 Exhibit 10- Returned to Compliance Definition
 Generic Definition:
       If the system did not send in either a copy of the notice or the certification by the required
       deadline, the system has subsequently sent the State the required document.

       If the system prepared an inadequate notice, the system has subsequently prepared a
       notice that  addresses all deficiencies identified by the  State, and the system has
       subsequently sent the State the required document.
Section
SDWIS/FED Reporting Time-Lines
Exhibit 11 - SDWIS/FED Reporting Time-lines
Category
Earliest
SDWIS/FED
Acceptance Date
Revised PN
Rule Adoption
Deadline
Violations, Violation Links and Enforcements (includes RTC)
State should report within 45
days after the end of the
quarter in which the violation or
enforcement occurs.
July 15,2001
May 6, 2002
SDWIS/FED
Reporting
Deadline

2nd Quarterly
Reporting Period
After Date of
Adoption.


      Because EPA believes that timely  and complete reporting of PN
      violations by the States is one  of  the  keys to making the public
      notification process work, SDWIS/FED will be modified to accept the
      revised  PN violation and violation link data as of July 15, 2001. From
      July 15, 2001 to May 5, 2002,  States may report under the current
      reporting method or the revised reporting method.  After the May 6,
      2002 rule adoption deadline, States should  report PN violations in
      accordance with  the reporting methods outlined  in this  appendix
      within 6 months (by the 2nd quarterly reporting period) after the State's
      adoption date.

                                     C-21

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Section  IV.     Sources for Additional Information

      Additional  technical  information  on SDWIS/FED  reporting  requirements  can be
obtained by contacting Fran Haertel of the Infrastructure Branch, Drinking Water Prtection
Division, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water at (214)-665-8090.

      Additional  technical  information  on the  Public Notice Rule can be  obtained by
contacting Kathleen Wlliams of the Protection Branch, Drinking Water Protection Division,
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water at (202)-260-2589.
                    THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
                                    C-22

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Appendix D.  PN Rule Appendices



               Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 141



   NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring Public Notice1
Contaminant
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
I. Violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR):3
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1 . Total coliform
2. Fecal coliform/
£. co/;
3. Turbidity MCL
4. Turbidity MCL
(average of 2 days'
samples > 5 MTU)
2
1
2
2, 15
141.63(a)
141.63(b)
141.13(a)
141.13(b)
3
1, 34
3
3
141.21(a)-(e)
141.21(e)
141.22
141.22
                              D-1

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Contaminant

5. Turbidity

(for TT violations
resulting from a
single exceedance
of the max. allowable
turbidity level)

6. Surface Water
Treatment Rule
violations
(other than violations
resulting from single
exceedance of max.
allowable turbidity
level (TT))
7. Interim Enhanced
Surface Water
Treatment Rule
violations
(other than violations
resulting from single
exceedance of max.
turbidity level (TT))
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
2, 16







2







2







Citation

141.71(a)(2),
141.71(c)(2)(i),
141.73(a)(2),
141.73(b)(2),
141.73(c)(2),
141.73(d),
141.173(a)(2),
141.173(b)
141.70-141.73







141.170-
141. 1737






Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
3







3







3







Citation

141.74(a)(1),
141.74(b)(2),
141.74(c)(1),
141.174




141.74







141.172
141.174






B. Inorganic Chemicals (lOCs)
1 . Antimony
2. Arsenic
3. Asbestos
(fibers >10 |jm)
4. Barium
5. Beryllium
2
2
2
2
2
141.62(b)
141.62(b)8
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
3
3
3
3
3
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)9
141.23(a)-(b)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
D-2

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Contaminant
6. Cadmium
7. Chromium (total)
8. Cyanide
9. Fluoride
10. Mercury
(inorganic)
1 1 . Nitrate
12. Nitrite
13. Total Nitrate
and Nitrite
14. Selenium
15. Thallium
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
Citation
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
141.62(b)
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
3
3
3
3
3
1,310
1,310
3
3
3
Citation
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (d)
141.23(f)(2)
141.23(a), (e)
141.23(f)(2)
141.23(a)
141.23(a), (c)
141.23(a), (c)
D-3

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Contaminant
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
C. Lead and Copper Rule (Action Level for lead is 0.01 5 mg/L, for copper is 1 .3 mg/L)
1. Lead and Copper
Rule (TT)
2
141.80-141.85
3
141.86-141.89
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
1.2,4-D
2. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
3. Alachlor
4. Atrazine
5. Benzo(a)pyrene
(PAHs)
6. Carbofuran
7. Chlordane
8. Dalapon
9. Di (2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
10. Di (2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
1 1 . Dibromochloro-
propane
12. Dinoseb
13. Dioxin
(2,3,7,8-TCDD)
14. Diquat
15. Endothall
16. Endrin
17. Ethylene
dibromide
18. Glyphosate
19. Heptachlor
20. Heptachlor
epoxide
21 . Hexachloro-
benzene
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
141 .61(c)
141.61(c)
141.61(c)
141.61(0)
141.61(c)
141.61(0)
141.61(c)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
D-4

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Contaminant
22. Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
23. Lindane
24. Methoxychlor
25. Oxamyl (Vydate)
26. Pentachloro-
phenol
27. Picloram
28. Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
29. Simazine
30. Toxaphene 	
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Citation
141 .61(c)
141.61(c)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
141.61(0)
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Citation
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
141.24(h)
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
1 . Benzene
2. Carbon
tetrachloride
3. Chlorobenzene
(monochloro-
benzene)
4. o-Dichlorobenzene
5. p-Dichlorobenzene
6. 1,2-Dichloroethane
7. 1,1-Dichloro-
ethylene
8. c/s-1 ,2-Dichloro-
ethylene
9. frans-1 ,2-Dichloro-
ethylene
10. Dichloromethane
11. 1,2-Dichloro-
propane
12. Ethylbenzene
13. Styrene
14. Tetrachloro-
ethylene
15. Toluene
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
D-5

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Contaminant
16. 1,2,4-Trichloro-
benzene
17. 1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
18. 1,1,2-Trichloro-
ethane
19. Trichloroethylene
20. Vinyl chloride
21 . Xylenes (total)
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
2
2
2
2
2
2
Citation
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
141. 61 (a)
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
3
3
3
3
3
3
Citation
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
141.24(f)
F. Radioactive Contaminants
1 . Beta/photon
emitters
2. Alpha emitters
3. Combined radium
(226 and 228)
4. Uranium
2
2
2
2ii
141.66(d)
141.66(c)
141.66(b)
141.66(e)
3
3
3
312
141.25(a)
141.26(b)
141.25(a)
141.26(a)
141.25(a)
141.26(a)
141.25(a)
141.26(a)
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBFs). Byproduct Precursors. Disinfectant Residuals.
Where disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants
combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to form
chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBFs). EPA sets standards for
controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBFs in drinking water, including
trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs).13
1 . Total
trihalomethanes
(TTHMs)
2. Haloacetic Acids
(HAAS)
3. Bromate
4. Chlorite
5. Chlorine (MRDL)
2
2
2
2
2
141. 12, 14
141.64(a)
141.64(a)
141.64(a)
141.64(a)
141.65(a)
3
3
3
3
3
141.30,
141.132(a)-(b)
141.132(a)-(b)
141.132(a)-(b)
141.132(a)-(b)
141.132(a), (c)
D-6

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Contaminant
6. Chloramine
(MRDL)
7. Chlorine dioxide
(MRDL), where any
2 consecutive daily
samples at
entrance to
distribution system
only are above
MRDL
8. Chlorine dioxide
(MRDL), where
sample(s) in
distribution system
the next day are
also above MRDL
9. Control of DBP
precursors -
TOCfTT)
10. Bench marking
and disinfection
profiling
1 1 . Development of
monitoring plan
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
2
2
116
2
N/A
N/A
Citation
141.65(a)
141.65(a),
141.133(c)(3)
141.65(a),
141.133(c)(3)
141.135(a)-(b)
N/A
N/A
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
3
215, 3
1
3
3
3
Citation
141.132(a), (c)
141.132(a), (c)
141.133(c)(2)
141.132(a), (c)
141.133(c)(2)
141.132(3), (d)
141.172
141.132(f)
H. Other Treatment Techniques
1 . Acrylamide (TT)
2. Epichlorohydrin
(TT)
2
2
141.111
141.111
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
II. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring:17
A. Unregulated
contaminants
B. Nickel
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
3
141.40
141.23(c), (k)
D-7

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Contaminant
MCL/MRDL/TT Violations2
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
Monitoring and Testing
Procedure Violations
Tier of
Public
Notice
Required
Citation
III. Public Notification for Variances and Exemptions:
A. Operation under a
variance or
exemption
B. Violation of
conditions of a
variance or
exemption 	
3
2
1415, 1416, 18
1415, 1416,
142. 30719
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
IV. Other Situations Requiring Public Notification:
A. Fluoride secondary
maximum
contaminant level
(SMCL)
exceedance
B. Exceedance of
nitrate MCL for
non-community
systems, as
allowed by primacy
agency
C. Availability of
unregulated
contaminant
monitoring data
D. Waterborne
disease outbreak
E. Other waterborne
emergency20
F. Other situations as
determined by
Drimacv aaencv
3
1
3
1
1
1,2, 321
143.3
141.11(d)
141.40
141.2,
141.71(c)(2)(ii)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
D-8

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Appendix A - Endnotes

1.       Violations and other  situations not listed  in this table (e.g.,  reporting  violations and failure to
        prepare Consumer Confidence Reports), do not require notice,  unless otherwise determined by
        the primacy agency.  Primacy agencies may, at their option, also require a more stringent public
        notice tier (e.g., Tier  1 instead of Tier 2 or Tier 2  instead of Tier 3) for specific violations and
        situations listed in this Appendix, as authorized under §141.202(a) and §141.203(a).

2.       MCL - Maximum contaminant level, MRDL - Maximum residual disinfectant level, TT - Treatment
        technique

3.       The term  Violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) is used here to
        include violations of  MCL,  MRDL,  treatment technique,  monitoring,  and  testing procedure
        requirements.

4.       Failure to  test for fecal coliform or E. coli is a Tier 1  violation if testing is not done after any repeat
        sample tests  positive for coliform.  All other total coliform monitoring and testing procedure
        violations  are Tier 3.

5.       Systems that violate the turbidity MCL of 5  NTU based on an average of measurements over two
        consecutive days must initiate consultation with the  primacy agency within 24 hours after learning
        of the violation.  Based  on this consultation, the  primacy agency may subsequently decide to
        elevate the violation to Tier 1. If a system  is  unable to make contact with the primacy agency in
        the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier 1.

6.       Systems with treatment technique violations involving a single exceedance of a maximum turbidity
        limit under the Surface Water Treatment Rule  (SWTR) or the Interim Enhanced Surface Water
        Treatment Rule (IESWTR) are required to initiate consultation with the primacy agency within 24
        hours after learning  of the violation.   Based  on  this  consultation, the  primacy agency  may
        subsequently decide to elevate the violation to Tier  1. If a system is unable to make contact with
        the primacy agency in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically  elevated to Tier 1.

7.       Most of the requirements of the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (63 FR 69477)
        (§§141.170-141.171,  141.173-141.174) become effective January 1,  2002 for Subpart H systems
        (surface water systems and ground water systems under the direct influence  of surface water)
        serving at least 10,000  persons.  However, §141.172 has  some  requirements that  become
        effective as soon  as  April 16, 1999.  The Surface  Water Treatment Rule remains in effect  for
        systems serving at least  10,000 persons even after 2002; the Interim Enhanced Surface Water
        Treatment Rule adds  additional requirements  and does not in many cases supercede the SWTR.

8.       The arsenic MCL citations are effective January 23,  2006. Until then, the citations are §141.11(b)
        and§141.23(n).

9.       The arsenic Tier 3 violation MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006.  Until then,  the citations
        are §141.23(a), (I).

10.     Failure to take a  confirmation sample  within 24  hours for nitrate or nitrite  after an initial sample
        exceeds the MCL is a  Tier 1 violation.  Other monitoring violations for nitrate are Tier 3.

11.     The uranium MCL Tier 2 violation citations are effective December 8, 2003 for all community water


                                              D-9

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        systems.
12.     The uranium Tier 3 violation citations are effective December 8, 2000 for all community water
        systems.

13.     Subpart H community and non-transient non-community systems serving > 10,000 must comply
        with new DBP MCLs, disinfectant MRDLs, and related monitoring requirements beginning January
        1, 2002. All other community and non-transient non-community systems must meet the MCLs and
        MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004.  Subpart H transient non-community systems serving 10,000
        or  more persons and  using chlorine dioxide  as  a disinfectant or  oxidant must  comply with the
        chlorine dioxide MRDL  beginning January 1, 2002.  Subpart H tranient non-community systems
        serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using  only ground water not under the direct influence of
        surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply  with the chlorine
        dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.

14.     §141.12 will no longer apply after January 1, 2004.

15.     Failure to  monitor for  chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution  system the day after
        exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system is a Tier 2 violation.

16.     If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine
        dioxide and one or more samples taken in the  distribution system the next day exceed the MRDL,
        Tier 1  notification is required. Failure to take the required samples  in the distribution system after
        the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers Tier 1 notification.

17.     Some water systems must monitor for certain unregulated contaminants  listed in §141.40.

18.     This citation refers to §§1415 and 1416 of the  Safe Drinking Water Act.  §§1415 and 1416 require
        that "a schedule prescribed  ... for a public water system granted a variance [or exemption] shall
        require compliance by the system..."

19.     In addition to  §§1415 and 1416 of the Safe Drinking Water Act, 40 CFR 142.307 specifies the
        items and schedule milestones to be included in a variance for small systems.

20.     Other waterborne emergencies require a Tier 1 public notice under  §141.202(a) for situations that
        do  not meet the definition of a waterborne disease outbreak given in 40 CFR 141.2 but that still
        have the potential to have serious adverse effects on health as  a result of short-term exposure.
        These could include outbreaks not related to treatment deficiencies, as well as situations that have
        the  potential to  cause outbreaks, such as failures or significant interruption  in water treatment
        processes, natural disasters that disrupt the water supply or distribution system,  chemical spills,
        or unexpected loading of possible pathogens into the source water.

21.     Primacy agencies may place other situations in any tier they believe appropriate,  based on threat
        to public health.
                                              D-10

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                   Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 141 -

        Standard Health Effects Language for Public Notification
   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
  MCL2
  mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR):
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1a. Total coliform
 Zero
  See
footnote3
Conforms  are  bacteria  that  are  naturally
present in the environment and are used as an
indicator  that  other,   potentially-harmful,
bacteria may be present.   Conforms were
found in more samples than allowed and  this
was a warning of potential problems.	
1 b. Fecal coliform/
   £. co/;'
 Zero
  Zero
Fecal conforms and £. co/;' are bacteria whose
presence indicates that  the  water  may  be
contaminated  with human or  animal wastes.
Microbes in these wastes can cause  short-
term effects,  such  as  diarrhea,  cramps,
nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They
may pose a  special  health  risk for infants,
young  children, some of the  elderly,  and
people  with  severely compromised immune
systems.	
2a. Turbidity (MCL)4
 None
1 NTU5/
 5 NTU
Turbidity  has no health  effects.  However,
turbidity can interfere  with disinfection and
provide  a   medium for  microbial  growth.
Turbidity  may  indicate  the  presence  of
disease-causing organisms. These organisms
include bacteria, viruses, and  parasites that
can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps,
diarrhea and associated headaches.
2b. Turbidity
   (SWTR TT)6
 None
           Turbidity has  no health  effects.  However,
           turbidity can interfere  with disinfection and
           provide  a  medium for  microbial  growth.
           Turbidity  may  indicate  the  presence  of
           disease-causing organisms. These organisms
           include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that
           can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps,
           diarrhea and associated headaches.
                                        D-11

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard Health Effects Language
      for Public Notification
2c. Turbidity
   (IESWTR TT)8
 None
         Turbidity has no  health effects.   However,
         turbidity can  interfere with  disinfection  and
         provide  a  medium  for  microbial  growth.
         Turbidity may  indicate  the   presence   of
         disease-causing organisms.  These organisms
         include  bacteria,  viruses,  and  parasites  that
         can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps,
         diarrhea and associated headaches.
B. Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and Interim Enhanced Surface Water
   Treatment Rule (IESWTR)
3. Giardia lamblia

4. Viruses
  (SWTR/IESWTR)

5. Heterotrophic
  plate count (HPC)
  bacteria9
  (SWTR/IESWTR)

6. Legionella
  (SWTR/IESWTR)

7. Cryptosporidium
   (IESWTR)
 Zero
         Inadequately treated water may contain
         disease-causing organisms. These organisms
         include bacteria, viruses, and  parasites which
         can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps,
         diarrhea, and associated headaches.
                                        D-12

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Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard Health Effects Language
for Public Notification
C. Inorganic Chemicals (lOCs)
8. Antimony
9. Arsenic
10. Asbestos
(>10|jm)
11. Barium
12. Beryllium
13. Cadmium
14. Chromium
(total)
15. Cyanide
0.006
Oii
7MFL12
2
0.004
0.005
0.1
0.2
0.006
0.01
7 MFL
2
0.004
0.005
0.1
0.2
Some people who drink water containing
antimony well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience increases in blood
cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
Some people who drink water containing
arsenic in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience skin damage or
problems with their circulatory system,
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
asbestos in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
developing benign intestinal polyps.
Some people who drink water containing
barium in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience an increase in their blood
pressure.
Some people who drink water containing
beryllium well in excess of the MCL over many
years could develop intestinal lesions.
Some people who drink water containing
cadmium in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience kidney damage.
Some people who use water containing
chromium well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience allergic
dermatitis.
Some people who drink water containing
cyanide well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience nerve damage or
problems with their thyroid.
D-13

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
16. Fluoride
  4.0
 4.0
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
fluoride in excess of the MCL over many years
could get bone disease, including  pain  and
tenderness of the bones.  Fluoride in drinking
water at half the  MCL or more  may cause
mottling  of children's teeth, usually in children
less than nine years old.  Mottling, also known
as dental fluorosis,  may include brown staining
and/or pitting of the teeth, and occurs only in
developing  teeth before  they erupt from the
gums.	
17. Mercury
   (inorganic)
 0.002
0.002
Some  people  who  drink water  containing
inorganic mercury well in excess of the MCL
over many years  could  experience  kidney
damage.
18. Nitrate
  10
  10
Infants below the age of six months who drink
water containing nitrate in excess of the MCL
could become seriously ill and, if untreated,
may die.   Symptoms  include shortness of
breath and blue baby syndrome.	
19. Nitrite
                       Infants below the age of six months who drink
                       water containing  nitrite in excess of the MCL
                       could become seriously ill and, if untreated,
                       may  die.   Symptoms include  shortness  of
                       breath and blue baby syndrome.	
20. Total Nitrate and
   Nitrite
  10
  10
Infants below the age of six months who drink
water containing nitrate and nitrite in excess of
the MCL could become seriously ill and, if
untreated,  may   die.   Symptoms   include
shortness of breath and blue baby  syndrome.
21. Selenium
 0.05
 0.05
Selenium is an essential nutrient. However,
some  people  who drink  water  containing
selenium in excess of the MCL over many
years  could  experience  hair  or  fingernail
losses,  numbness  in  fingers  or  toes,  or
problems with their circulation.	
22. Thallium
0.0005
0.002
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
thallium in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience hair loss,  changes  in their
blood,  or  problems   with  their   kidneys,
intestines, or liver.
                                         D-14

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
D. Lead and Copper Rule
23.Lead
 Zero
          Infants and children who drink water containing
          lead  in  excess  of  the  action  level  could
          experience delays in their physical or mental
          development.   Children  could show  slight
          deficits in attention span and learning abilities.
          Adults who drink this water over many years
          could develop kidney problems or high  blood
          pressure.	
24. Copper
  1.3
          Copper  is an  essential nutrient,  but some
          people who drink water containing copper in
          excess of the  action level over a relatively
          short  amount   of  time  could  experience
          gastrointestinal distress.  Some  people who
          drink water containing copper in excess of the
          action level over many years could suffer liver
          or  kidney damage.   People  with  Wilson's
          Disease  should consult their personal doctor.
E. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
25. 2,4-D
 0.07
 0.07
Some people who drink water containing the
weed killer 2,4-D well in excess of the  MCL
over many years could  experience  problems
with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
26. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
 0.05
 0.05
Some people who drink water containing silvex
in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience liver problems.	
27. Alachlor
 Zero
0.002
Some  people who  drink water containing
alachlor in excess  of the MCL  over many
years could have problems with  their eyes,
liver, kidneys, or spleen, experience anemia,
and may have an  increased risk  of  getting
cancer.
28. Atrazine
 0.003
0.003
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
atrazine well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with  their
cardiovascular  system   or  reproductive
difficulties.
                                         D-15

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Contaminant
29. Benzo(a)pyrene
(PAHs)
30. Carbofuran
31. Chlordane
32. Dalapon
33. Di (2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
34. Di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
35. Dibromochloro-
propane
(DBCP)
36. Dinoseb
37. Dioxin
(2,3,7,8-TCDD)
38. Diquat
MCLG1
mg/L
Zero
0.04
Zero
0.2
0.4
Zero
Zero
0.007
Zero
0.02
MCL2
mg/L
0.0002
0.04
0.002
0.2
0.4
0.006
0.0002
0.007
3x1 Q-8
0.02
Standard Health Effects Language
for Public Notification
Some people who drink water containing
benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over
many years may experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
carbofuran in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.
Some people who drink water containing
chlordane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
liver or nervous system, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
dalapon well in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience minor kidney changes.
Some people who drink water containing di (2-
ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience general
toxic effects or reproductive difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing di (2-
ethylhexyl) phthalate in excess of the MCL
over many years may have problems with their
liver, or experience reproductive difficulties,
and may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
DBCP in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience reproductive difficulties and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
dinosebwell in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience reproductive
difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing
dioxin in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience reproductive difficulties and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
diquat in excess of the MCL over many years
could aet cataracts.
D-16

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Contaminant
39. Endothall
40. Endrin
41. Ethylene
dibromide
42. Glyphosate
43. Heptachlor
44. Heptachlor
epoxide
45. Hexachloro-
benzene
46. Hexachloro-
cyclopentadiene
47. Lindane
MCLG1
mg/L
0.1
0.002
Zero
0.7
Zero
Zero
Zero
0.05
0.0002
MCL2
mg/L
0.1
0.002
0.00005
0.7
0.0004
0.0002
0.001
0.05
0.0002
Standard Health Effects Language
for Public Notification
Some people who drink water containing
endothall in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
stomach or intestines.
Some people who drink water containing
endrin in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience liver problems.
Some people who drink water containing
ethylene dibromide in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver, stomach, reproductive system, or
kidneys, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
glyphosate in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their
kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience liver damage and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
heptachlor epoxide in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience liver damage,
and may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductive
effects, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience
problems with their kidneys or stomach .
Some people who drink water containing
lindane in excess of the MCL over many years
could experience problems with their kidneys
or liver.
D-17

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
 MCL2
 mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
48. Methoxychlor
 0.04
 0.04
Some  people  who drink water containing
methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over many
years   could   experience   reproductive
difficulties.
49. Oxamyl (Vydate)
  0.2
  0.2
Some  people who  drink water containing
oxamyl in excess of the MCL over many years
could   experience  slight  nervous   system
effects.
50.
Pentachlorophenol
 Zero
 0.001
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience  problems with
their  liver or  kidneys, and  may  have  an
increased risk of getting cancer.	
51. Picloram
  0.5
  0.5
Some  people who  drink water containing
picloram in excess of the MCL over many
years could  experience problems with their
liver.
52. Polychlorinated
   biphenyls (PCBs)
 Zero
0.0005
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
PCBs in excess of the MCL over many years
could  experience  changes  in  their  skin,
problems with  their thymus  gland,  immune
deficiencies,  or reproductive  or  nervous
system difficulties, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.	
53. Simazine
 0.004
 0.004
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
simazine  in excess of the  MCL over many
years could  experience problems with their
blood.
54. Toxaphene
 Zero
 0.003
Some  people  who drink  water containing
toxaphene in excess of the  MCL  over many
years could have problems with their kidneys,
liver, or thyroid, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.	
F. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
55. Benzene
 Zero
 0.005
Some  people who  drink water containing
benzene in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience anemia or a decrease
in blood platelets, and may have an increased
risk of getting  cancer.	
                                        D-18

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
56. Carbon
   tetrachloride
 Zero
0.005
Some  people  who drink water  containing
carbon tetrachloride in excess  of the  MCL
over many years could experience problems
with their liver and may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.	
57. Chlorobenzene
   (monochloro-
    benzene)
  0.1
 0.1
Some  people  who drink water  containing
Chlorobenzene  in excess of the  MCL  over
many years could  experience problems with
their liver or kidneys.	
58. o-Dichloro-
   benzene
  0.6
 0.6
Some people who drink water containing o-
dichlorobenzene  well in  excess of the  MCL
over many years could experience problems
with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
59. p-Dichloro-
   benzene
 0.075
0.075
Some people who drink water containing p-
dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL  over
many years could experience anemia, damage
to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in
their blood.
60. 1,2-
    Dichloroethane
 Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing 1,2-
dichloroethane  in excess  of the  MCL over
many years may have  an  increased risk of
getting cancer.	
61. 1,1-Dichloro-
   ethylene
 0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water containing 1,1-
dichloroethylene in excess of the  MCL over
many years could  experience problems with
their liver.
62. c/s-1,2-
   Dichloroethylene
 0.07
 0.07
Some people who drink water containing cis-
1,2-dichloroethylene in excess  of the  MCL
over many years could experience problems
with their liver.
63. frans-1,2-
   Dichloroethylene
  0.1
 0.1
Some people who drink water containing trans-
1,2-dichloroethylene well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience  problems
with their liver.
64.
 Zero
0.005
   Dichloromethane
Some  people  who drink water  containing
dichloromethane  in excess of the  MCL over
many years could have  liver problems and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
65. 1,2-
    Dichloropropane
 Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing 1,2-
dichloropropane  in excess of the MCL over
many years may have  an increased  risk of
getting cancer.	
                                         D-19

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
66. Ethylbenzene
  0.7
 0.7
Some  people who  drink  water containing
ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver or kidneys.	
67. Styrene
  0.1
 0.1
Some  people  who drink water containing
styrene well in excess of the MCL over many
years could  have  problems with their liver,
kidneys, or circulatory system.	
68. Tetrachloro-
   ethylene
 Zero
0.005
Some  people  who drink water  containing
tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over
many years could  have problems with their
liver,  and may have  an increased risk of
getting cancer.	
69. Toluene
                      Some  people  who  drink water containing
                      toluene well in excess of the MCL over many
                      years could have problems with their nervous
                      system, kidneys, or liver.	
70. 1,2,4-
   Trichlorobenzene
 0.07
 0.07
Some people who drink water containing 1,2,4-
trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL
over many years could experience changes in
their adrenal glands.	
71. 1,1,1-
    Trichloroethane
  0.2
 0.2
Some people who drink water containing 1,1,1-
trichloroethane  in excess  of the MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their  liver,  nervous  system,  or circulatory
system.	
72. 1,1,2-
    Trichloroethane
 0.003
0.005
Some people who drink water containing 1,1,2-
trichloroethane well in excess of the MCL over
many years could  have problems with  their
liver, kidneys, or immune systems.	
73.
 Zero
0.005
   Trichloroethylene
Some  people  who drink water  containing
trichloroethylene  in excess of the  MCL over
many years could experience problems with
their liver and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.	
74. Vinyl chloride
 Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing vinyl
chloride in excess of the MCL  over many
years may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
75. Xylenes (total)
  10
  10
Some  people  who  drink water containing
xylenes in excess of the MCL over many years
could  experience  damage to their  nervous
system.	
                                         D-20

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   Contaminant
MCLG1
 mg/L
  MCL2
  mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
G. Radioactive Contaminants
76. Beta/photon
   emitters
 Zero
  415
mrem/yr
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit
forms of radiation known as photons and beta
radiation.   Some people  who drink water
containing beta and photon emitters in excess
of the MCL over many years  may have  an
increased risk of getting cancer.	
77. Alpha emitters
   (Gross alpha)
 Zero
  15 16
  pCi/L
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit
a form of radiation known as alpha radiation.
Some people who drink water containing alpha
emitters in  excess of the  MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
78. Combined
   radium
   (226 and 228)
 Zero
   5
  pCi/L
Some  people  who  drink  water  containing
radium 226 or 228 in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.	
79.  Uranium1
 Zero
 30 ug/L
Some  people  who drink water containing
uranium in  excess of the  MCL over many
years may have an increased risk  of getting
cancer and kidney toxicity.	
H. Disinfection Byproducts (DBFs). Byproduct Precursors, and Disinfectant Residuals:
       Where disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants
       combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals
       called disinfection byproducts (DBFs). EPA sets standards for controlling the
       levels of disinfectants and DBFs in drinking water, including trihalomethanes
       (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs).18
80. Total
   trihalomethanes
   (TTHMs)
  N/A
  0.10/
0.08019'20
Some  people  who  drink  water  containing
trihalomethanes in excess  of the  MCL over
many years  may  experience problems with
their liver, kidneys, or central nervous system,
and  may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
81. Haloacetic Acids
   (HAA)
  N/A
0.06021
Some  people  who  drink  water containing
HAAs in excess of the MCL over many years
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
                                        D-21

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   Contaminant
 MCLG1
  mg/L
 MCL2
 mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
82. Bromate
  Zero
 0.010
Some  people who  drink  water containing
bromate in excess of the MCL over  many
years may have  an increased risk of getting
cancer.
83. Chlorite
  0.08
  1.0
Some infants and young  children who drink
water containing chlorite in excess of the MCL
could experience nervous  system  effects.
Similar  effects   may  occur in  fetuses  of
pregnant women who  drink water containing
chlorite in excess of the MCL.  Some people
may experience anemia.	
84. Chlorine
   422
(MRDLG)
 4.023
(MRDL)
Some  people  who  use  water  containing
chlorine well in excess  of the MRDL could
experience irritating effects to their eyes and
nose.    Some  people  who drink  water
containing chlorine well in excess of the MRDL
could experience stomach discomfort.	
85. Chloramines
   4
(MRDLG)
  4.0
(MRDL)
Some  people  who  use  water  containing
chloramines well in excess of the MRDL could
experience irritating effects to  their eyes and
nose.    Some  people  who  drink  water
containing chloramines well  in  excess of the
MRDL  could experience stomach discomfort
or anemia.
86a.

Chlorine dioxide,
where any 2
consecutive daily
samples taken at
the entrance to
the distribution
system are above
the MRDL
   0.8
(MRDLG)
  0.8
(MRDL)
Some infants and young  children  who drink
water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of
the MRDL could experience nervous system
effects.  Similar effects may occur in fetuses
of pregnant women who drink water containing
chlorine  dioxide  in  excess  of the MRDL.
Some people may experience anemia.

Add for public notification only:
The chlorine  dioxide  violations  reported  today
are the result of exceedances at the treatment
facility only,  not within  the distribution system
which delivers water  to consumers.  Continued
compliance with chlorine dioxide levels  within
the distribution system minimizes the potential
risk of these  violations to consumers.
                                         D-22

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    Contaminant
 MCLG1
  mg/L
 MCL2
 mg/L
    Standard Health Effects Language
          for Public Notification
86b.

Chlorine dioxide,
where one or more
distribution system
samples are above
the MRDL
   0.8
(MRDLG)
  0.8
(MRDL)
Some infants and young children who drink
water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of
the MRDL could experience nervous  system
effects.  Similar effects may occur in  fetuses
of pregnant women who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in  excess  of  the  MRDL.
Some people may experience anemia.

Add for public notification only:
The chlorine  dioxide  violations reported today
include  exceedances  of the  EPA standard
within the  distribution  system  which delivers
water to consumers. Violations of the chlorine
dioxide standard within the distribution  system
may harm human health based on short-term
exposures. Certain groups, including fetuses,
infants, and young children, may be especially
susceptible to nervous  system  effects from
excessive  chlorine dioxide exposure.	
87. Control of DBP
   precursors
   (TOG)
  None
           Total organic carbon (TOC) has  no health
           effects.    However,  total  organic  carbon
           provides  a  medium  for the  formation  of
           disinfection byproducts.   These  byproducts
           include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic
           acids (HAAs). Drinking water containing these
           byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to
           adverse   health  effects,  liver  or   kidney
           problems, or nervous system effects, and may
           lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
                                         D-23

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Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard Health Effects Language
for Public Notification
1. Other Treatment Techniques
88. Acrylamide
89. Epichlorohydrin
Zero
Zero
TT
TT
Some people who drink water containing high
levels of acrylamide over a long period of time
could have problems with their nervous system
or blood, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Some people who drink water containing high
levels of epichlorohydrin over a long period of
time could experience stomach problems, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Appendix B - Endnotes
 1.      MCLG - Maximum contaminant level goal

 2.      MCL - Maximum contaminant level

 3.      For water systems analyzing at least 40 samples per month, no more than 5.0 percent of the monthly
        samples may be positive for total coliforms.   For systems analyzing  fewer than 40  samples per
        month, no more than one sample per month may be positive for total coliforms.

  4.     There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems, including 40
        CFR 141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule, and the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water
        Treatment Rule. The MCL for the monthly turbidity average is 1 NTU; the MCL for the 2-day average
        is 5 NTU for systems that are required to filter but have not yet installed filtration (40 CFR 141.13).

 5.      NTU - Nephelometric turbidity unit

 6.      There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems,  including 40
        CFR  141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), and the  1998 Interim Enhanced
        Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR). Systems subject to the Surface Water Treatment Rule
        (both  filtered and unfiltered) may not exceed 5  NTU. In  addition, in filtered systems, 95 percent of
        samples each month must not exceed 0.5 NTU in systems using conventional or direct filtration and
        must  not exceed  1 NTU in systems using slow sand or diatomaceous earth filtration or other filtration
        technologies approved  by the primacy agency.

 7.      TT - Treatment technique

 8.      There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems, including 40
        CFR  141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), and the 1998 Interim Enhanced
        Surface Water Treatment Rule  (IESWTR).  For systems subject to the IESWTR (systems serving
        at least 10,000 people, using surface water or ground water under the direct  influence of surface
        water), that use conventional filtration or direct filtration, after January 1, 2002,  the turbidity level of
                                              D-24

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       a system's combined  filter effluent may not exceed  0.3 NTU in at  least 95 percent of monthly
       measurements, and the turbidity level of a system's combined filter effluent must not exceed 1 NTU
       at anytime. Systems subject to the IESWTR using technologies other than conventional direct, slow
9-      sMi%M?oteM^ta«                      ist Bf ffiiwfra&p Wcjfc is simp'y
       an alternative method of determining disinfectant residual levels.  The number of such bacteria is an
       indicator of whether there is enough disinfectant in the distribution system.

10.     SWTR and IESWTR treatment technique violations that involve turbidity exceedances may use the
       health effects language for turbidity instead.

11.     The arsenic values are effective January 23, 2006.  Until then, the MCL is  0.05 mg/L and there is no
       MCLG.

12.     Millions of fibers per  liter

13.     Action Level = 0.015 mg/L

14.     Action Level = 1.3 mg/L

15.     Millirems per year

15.     Picocuries per liter

17.     The uranium MCL is  effective December 8, 2003 for all community water systems.

18.     Surface water systems and ground water systems under the direct influence of surface water are
       regulated under Subpart H of 40 CFR  141.  Subpart H community and non-transient non-community
       systems serving >10,000 must comply with DBP MCLs and disinfectant maximum residual disinfectant
       levels (MRDLs) beginning January 1, 2002.  All other community and non-transient noncommunity
       systems must meet the  MCLs and MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004.  Subpart H transient non-
       community systems  serving 10,000 or  more  persons and  using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or
       oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H transient
       non-community systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and systems using only ground water not
       under the direct influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must
       comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.

19.     The MCL of 0.10 mg/l for TTHMs is in effect until January 1, 2002 for Subpart H community water
       systems serving  10,000 or more.  This MCL is in effect until January  1, 2004 for community water
       systems with  a population of 10,000 or more using only ground water  not under the direct influence
       of surface water.  After these deadlines, the MCL will  be 0.080 mg/l.  On  January 1, 2004, all
       systems serving less than 10,000 will have to comply with the new MCL as well.

20.     The MCL for total trihalomethanes is the sum of the concentrations of the individual trihalomethanes.

21.     The MCL for haloacetic acids is the sum of the concentrations of the individual haloacetic acids.

22.     MRDLG - Maximum residual disinfectant level goal

23.     MRDL - Maximum residual disinfectant level
                                             D-25

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D-26

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