EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the
U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
for Potential Applicants
November 2015
A-832-F-15-004
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Table of Contents
PROGRAM OVERVIEW 1
PROJECT ELIGIBILITY 3
PROJECT SELECTION 6
FUNDING 7
PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION 9
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.. ..12
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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PROGRAM OVERVIEW
1. What is the Clean Water Indian Set-Aside (CWISA) program?
The CWISA program provides funding for wastewater infrastructure to American Indian Tribes and Alaska
Native Villages. Funds may be used for planning, design, and construction of wastewater collection and
treatment systems. The CWISA program is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in
cooperation with the Indian Health Service (MS) Sanitation Facilities Construction program.
2. Who is eligible to apply for CWISA program funding?
All federally recognized tribes, Alaska Native Villages, and tribes on former reservations in Oklahoma (as
defined by the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs) are eligible for CWISA program funds. These entities are
referred to as "tribes" in this document.
3. When and how was the CWISA program established?
The CWISA program was established by the 1987 Amendments to the Clean Water Act, in Section 518(c).
4. How does a tribe obtain funding from the CWISA program?
EPA uses the twelve IHS Sanitation Deficiency System (SDS) priority lists to identify wastewater projects
for funding. CWISA program coordinators in each EPA region and IHS area office work together to
determine which projects will be awarded funds, based on each project's SDS priority rank and available
CWISA program funding. Tribes should contact their IHS area office (contact information is listed at the
end of this FAQ) to determine if their wastewater needs are eligible to be entered into the IHS SDS.
The amount of CWISA program funding available to an EPA region is based its proportion of tribal
wastewater need, as identified in the IHS SDS database. IHS areas and EPA regional boundaries generally
do not coincide, requiring IHS
and EPA to then establish the
relative priority of projects in
each EPA region. Refer to
Questions 16 and 17 for more
information on the project
selection process. EPA regional
CWISA program coordinators
and/or IHS area contacts will
notify the tribe when a project is
selected for funding.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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5. How does a tribe get its wastewater needs into the IMS SDS list?
IHS has 12 area offices that collect drinking water, wastewater, and solid waste need data for the SDS. Local
IHS area office representatives can help tribes identify their wastewater needs for this purpose. During the
data collection process, IHS personnel may meet with or contact tribal representatives to discuss or obtain
specific project proposals. IHS area offices and contact information are listed at the end of this FAQ.
6. What is the deadline for getting wastewater needs on the IHS SDS list?
The IHS SDS system accepts submissions on a rolling basis. Generally, if you would like your project to be
considered for funding during the upcoming appropriations cycle, it is advisable to have your wastewater
needs on the SDS list by August of each year.
7. How many tribal wastewater projects receive CWISA program funding each year?
The number of proj ects funded depends on the amount of CWISA program funding available each year.
Since 2009, the CWISA program has funded an average of 82 tribal projects each year.
8. Who manages the funded project?
A tribe may request to manage the project itself through a direct grant from EPA, or, if IHS agrees, the tribe
may request project funds to be transferred to IHS to administer on the tribe's behalf. Tribes that have
assumed the responsibility to implement the IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction program under the
Indian Self-Determination Act (P.L. 93-638) can only receive CWISA funds through a direct grant from
EPA (see Question 33).
9. What is my EPA region and how are funds distributed to each regional office?
Tribal lands within the boundaries of an EPA region are serviced by that region. Below is a list of EPA
regions and the associated states.
EPA Region
Region 1 - CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT
Region 2 - NJ, NY
Region 3 - DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV
Region 4 - AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN
Region 5 - IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI
Region 6 - AR, LA, NM, OK, TX
Region 7 - IA, KS, MO, NE
Region 8 - CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY
Region 9 - AZ, CA, HI, NV1
Region 10 - AK, ID, OR, WA
The amount of CWISA program funding distributed to each EPA region is based on each region's
proportional tribal wastewater need relative to the national total, as identified by the IHS SDS. Certain EPA
regions, such as Region 9 (AZ, CA, NV and the Navajo Nation) and Region 10 (AK, ID, OR, and WA), tend
Region 9 administers all Navajo Nation CWISA projects.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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to receive more CWISA program funding because they have relatively larger tribal wastewater needs. See
Questions 18-26 for more information on funding.
PROJECT ELIGIBILITY
10. What types of projects are funded by the CWISA program? Do they have to
be wastewater-related?
All projects funded by the CWISA program must be related to wastewater infrastructure. Project
components that are eligible for funding include project planning and design, infrastructure construction,
and project follow-up, as well as projects that increase the sustainability and longevity of a system.
Examples include:2
Project Planning and Design
• Preparation of a preliminary engineering report (PER);
• Development of planning and design documentation;
• Travel costs for planning & design, site inspections, and construction administration; and
• Support for planning and design from an approved non-profit organization.3
Infrastructure Construction
• Acquisition of land necessary for
construction of treatment works
• Centralized wastewater treatment
facilities (conventional or
alternative);
• Major sewer rehabilitation;
• Decentralized, onsite wastewater
treatment systems;3
• Collector sewer pipelines;
• Correction of combined sewer
overflow systems;
• Public modular bathrooms provided
that wastewater is treated (e.g.,
composted or incinerated) within the
bathroom system;
• The construction of ancillary plumbing facilities such as a bathroom or laboratory sink within a new or
upgraded treatment works plant;
• Infrastructure associated with biosolids management, such as equipment to support sludge drying,
transportation, pelletization and/or land application;
• Wastewater collection and treatment for homes built with U.S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development (HUD) funds (IHS does not permit the use of IHS funds for HUD homes; however,
CWISA funds may be used for HUD homes;
• Purchase of wastewater pumping and hauling vehicles;
2 This is a short reference list of eligible projects. See "CWISA Program Guidance" for further details and limitations of example
projects at www.epa.gov .
3 Planning and design and decentralized system costs have limitations, see "CWISA Program Guidance" for further details at
www.epa.gov .
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• Lateral/service lines to existing homes that
will increase access to basic sanitation. (A
"lateral connection" is a conveyance pipe
from the property line that connects to an
offsite sewage collection system via a lateral
or main pipe. The term "lateral connection"
does not include the pipe from an individual
house to the property line. In communities
that do not have defined property lines, lateral
connections can be provided up to five feet
from an individual house.); and
• Temporary signage during construction
Project Follow-Up
• Drafting as-built drawings of funded
wastewater treatment systems;
• Developing site specific operations and
maintenance manuals for equipment directly associated with the project;
• Creating and posting a certificate to operate;
• Purchasing spare parts for equipment directly associated with the project;
• Purchasing chemicals for one year following construction for equipment directly associated with the
project;
• Sampling and monitoring for one year following construction completion;
• Covering costs associated with training operators on new equipment or infrastructure as long as training
occurs within one year of construction completion; and
• Support from an approved non-profit organization to help the Tribe achieve compliance.
System Sustainability and Longevity
• Developing asset management plans; and
• Developing inflow/infiltration planning studies including the use of video cameras to detect inflow and
to evaluate the status of collection system piping.
11. What types of projects are not eligible for CWISA program funds?
Projects that are not related to wastewater system infrastructure are not eligible for CWISA program funds.
Examples of ineligible projects include:
• Projects that are not related to wastewater system infrastructure;
• Projects that don't serve members of a tribe;
• Projects that are not listed on an IHS SDS list;
• Travel for activities not specifically associated with the project;
• Indoor residential plumbing facilities such as sinks, commodes, tubs, and drains that do not provide
treatment on their own, and are not associated with the construction of a treatment works facility;
• Operator training beyond task-specific operations for new equipment or technology;
• Operator wages;
• Construction of wastewater treatment works that provide service only to commercial businesses;
• Routine sampling and monitoring following system startup (after one year of operation);
• Utility bills associated with utility operations;
• Ongoing operations and maintenance costs;
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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Projects specifically designed to
meet projected future population
growth; and
The ordinary operating expenses
of a local tribal government
greater than one year following
construction completion and
issuance of final report.
12. How does the multi-agency
PER (implemented in 2013)
impact the eligibility of a
project?
A Preliminary Engineering Report (PER) is required before a project is funded to document existing facilities,
deficiencies, alternatives, and costs. This type of evaluation ensures that the selected project is the best
approach to meet needs. Currently, IHS uses the existence of a PER as a ranking criteria when they evaluate
projects.
In 2013, EPA, IHS, HUD, and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) agreed to use a common PER,
which outlines consistent requirements and provides a standardized template for PERs submitted to all
federal agencies that build tribal wastewater infrastructure. The standardized PER makes it easier for
tribes to receive funding from more than one federal source and simplifies coordination between federal
agencies. (No CWISA funds will be awarded without the submission of a PER in accordance with the
standardized template, unless it is determined that a PER is not required. If a proposed project is limited
in scope, EPA regional staff and/or IHS staff can decide that a PER is not required. Examples of a
limited scope project that may not need a PER may include onsite septic system installation or a lift
station pump replacement.)
13. Can future needs be addressed through IHS SDS?
Generally, no. The SDS database identifies current sanitation deficiencies for existing Indian homes.
Therefore, a project that is submitted primarily to meet future needs (such as projects necessary to meet
projected population growth) will not be considered. However, facilities constructed to meet existing
needs are usually designed with flexibility to accommodate some future expansion.
14. Can CWISA program funds be used for wastewater projects that are linked
to economic development projects?
No. These projects are not eligible for CWISA program funds. EPA currently uses the IHS SDS to prioritize
wastewater needs. The SDS considers only immediate needs for sanitation facilities and not those needs that
will spur economic development or growth. However, federal tribal programs administered by HUD,
USD A, and the U.S. Department of Commerce do fund economic development projects. Additional
information about these programs can be found in the Tribal Resource Directory for Drinking Water and
Wastewater Treatment, available at: www.epa.gov.
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15. Are wastewater system costs for homes built with the HUD funds eligible under the
CWISA program?
Yes. Wastewater collection and treatment for homes built with HUD funds are eligible.4 In general, as
noted in Question 10, lateral/service lines to existing homes that will increase access to basic sanitation can
be funded. A "lateral connection" is a conveyance pipe from the property line that connects to an offsite
sewage collection system via a lateral or main pipe. The term "lateral connection" does not include the pipe
from an individual house to the property line. In communities that do not have defined property lines,
lateral connections can be provided up to five feet from an individual house
PROJECT SELECTION
16. How does EPA select projects from IHS SDS?
EPA funds projects in the order the projects rank on the SDS lists with the highest ranked projects funded
first. The CWISA program coordinators in each EPA region and IHS area office work together to align
the SDS project evaluation and ranking methodology and available CWISA program funding. The SDS
evaluation methodology considers eight factors with unique point ranges: health impact, existing deficiency
level, previous service, capital cost, local tribal priority, operation and maintenance (O&M) capability, tribal
contributions, and local conditions.5'6 EPA funds projects in the order the projects rank on the SDS lists with the
highest ranked projects funded first.
17. Does the CWISA program specifically address water quality problems? Are water
quality needs identified in IHS SDS?
Yes. Water quality needs can be addressed through the CWISA program. As stated in Section 216 of the
Clean Water Act, EPAs water quality goals are first to rectify deficiencies that are causing, or could
potentially cause, human health problems. Once public health goals are attained, EPA will then concentrate
on projects that address environmental water quality goals, such as meeting effluent permit limits or loading
criteria.
This is also reflected in EPAs use of the IHS SDS database to prioritize projects. The SDS scoring criteria
give more weight to public health needs than to water quality needs. A project designed to rectify a public
health threat will have a higher SDS score than a project designed to correct a water quality problem.
4 IHS does not permit the use of IHS funds for HUD homes; however, CWISA funds may be used for HUD homes.
5 IHS 2003 SDS Working Draft, online at: http://www.ihs.gov/dsfc/resources/
6 See "CWISA Program Guidelines" for a description of each of the eight factors.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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FUNDING
18. How much funding is available each year for the CWISA program? What is
the average CWISA program award amount?
The amount of funding available varies each year. Between 2003 and 2015, the average amount provided to
an individual project was about $300,000, with a range from $3,500 to $6.4 million. Award amounts will
vary depending on the type of proj ect.
CWISA program funding is distributed annually to EPA regions after the regions identify which projects to
fund from the IHS SDS list. The amount of CWISA program funding distributed to each EPA region is based
on its proportion of tribal wastewater needs, as identified by the IHS SDS.
19. How much funding has the CWISA program provided to date?
The table below provides a summary of the funding that has been provided to date and the number of
projects that have been funded each year.
CWISA Program Funding History
Fiscal Year
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Appropriation Amount
$5,805,000
$11,520,000
$4,705,000
$4,867,600
No funds appropriated
$9,743,000
$9,637,500
$6,090,000
$6,175,000
$6,742,500
$6,750,000
$6,750,000
$6,750,000
$6,727,100
$20,205,500
$20,250,000
$20,118,300
$20,130,500
$16,368,000
$13,301,300
$16,256,600
$10,335,000
$10,336,000
Number of Projects Funded 1
7
19
5
8
-
14
12
8
24
25
29
25
28
31
57
61
95
57
61
45
65
47
59
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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Fiscal Year Appropriation Amount Number of Projects Funded
2009 (ARRA*)
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total
$60,000,000
$42,000,000
$30,439,000
$29,134,200
$27,522,000
$28,978,000
$28,788,000
$486,425,100
96
95
85
87
77
77
82
1,381
(* American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009)
20. Where does funding for the CWISA program come from?
Congress provides funding for the CWISA program each year through its appropriation of the Clean Water
State Revolving Fund (CWSRF). The Clean Water Act (CWA) declares that the CWISA program will
receive 0.5% of the overall appropriation; however, over time the Congressional appropriations have
increased the percentage to 2%.
21. Are matching funds required?
No. The purpose of the CWISA program is to provide an opportunity for tribes to obtain wastewater treatment
funds through a simplified priority process that does not require any matching funds. Up to 100% of eligible
project costs can be funded (as per 518(e) of the Clean Water Act). However, matching funds is a factor in the
IHS prioritization system - a project with tribal matching funds will rank higher in SDS than a project without
matching funds.
22. Can CWISA program funds be combined with other sources of funding?
Yes. CWISA program funds can be used alone or can be used in conjunction with other funding sources. For
example, EPA and IHS often provide joint funding for a single project.
23. How are multi-phase
wastewater treatment project
costs covered by the CWISA
program?
Multi-phase projects are considered as
separate projects. Each phase of the project
must be listed and ranked within the IHS
SDS to be eligible to receive funding. All
phases must be independently operational
and beneficial because the next phase(s) of
the project may not rank high enough to be
funded in subsequent years.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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24. Does the CWISA program cover cost overruns on projects?
No. There are no additional CWISA program funds for projects that exceed their budget. Projects that have
cost overruns must be addressed by reducing the scope or restructuring the project, applying for additional
funding in subsequent years, or seeking additional funds from other sources.
25. What is the fund transfer authority between the CWISA program and the
Drinking Water Infrastructure Grant Tribal Set-Aside (DWIG-TSA) program and
how does it work?
The transfer authority between the CWISA and DWIG-TSA programs allows EPA regions to move funds
between the drinking water and wastewater programs within their jurisdiction to address public health
threats related to wastewater and drinking water that may not be addressed with available funds. The
maximum amount that can be transferred is up to or equal to 33% of the DWIG-TSA fiscal year allotment
for that EPA region. EPA has developed specific guidelines for implementing the transfer of funds between
the two programs (see Appendix C of the CWISA program guidance).
26. How long do I have to spend CWISA funds?
The total project period, including extensions, cannot exceed seven years. If needed and justified there is a
waiver process to extend the project period and it requires approval and signature by EPA management.
PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
27. What is the relationship between EPA and IMS in the administration of the CWISA
program?
The 1987 Amendments to the Clean Water Act (Section 518(e)), direct EPA to work with fflS to identify
and address the sanitation needs of tribes. To accomplish this, EPA entered into an Interagency Agreement
(IA) and Memorandum of Understanding with IHS in 1988 to provide help with the administration of the
CWISA program. Because EPA has limited resources at the field level to administer project grants, this
partnership has allowed EPA and IHS to work together to leverage the complementary technical resources
available through both agencies to address tribal sanitation needs.
To reduce the administrative burden on tribes, in 1994, EPA discontinued the CWISA application
solicitation process and decided that the CWISA program would use MS' SDS system to prioritize and
select projects. However, final decisions to fund CWISA program projects are made by EPA.
28. What options are available for administering CWISA program funds?
There are two ways in which CWISA program funds may be administered:
1) A tribe may request to administer the project funds themselves through a direct grant from EPA;7 or
2) A tribe may request that IHS administer the project funds on their behalf. This requires an IA between
EPA and IHS.
7 Tribes that have assumed the responsibility to implement the IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction Program under the Indian Self-
Determination Act (P.L. 93-638) can only receive CWISA funds through a direct grant with EPA, for more information see question 33
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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Between 2003 and 2009 approximately 95% of CWISA program funds were distributed through lAs with
IHS.81 Recipients of the remaining 5% have opted to administer the grants themselves (as a direct grant
from EPA).
The differences between these two options are described in more depth in Questions 29 and 30.
29. What program requirements and regulations must the tribe meet in order to
receive a direct grant from EPA? What are the tribe's responsibilities in
administering a direct grant?
The requirements for a tribe to receive a CWISA program grant directly from EPA are discussed in the EPA's
2015 "Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program Guidance," (online atwww.epa.gov). While the requirements
are designed specifically for the CWISA program, they are based on the regulations contained in: 2 CFR
Parts 200 and 1500 (Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for
Federal Awards) and 40 CFR Part 35 Subpart I (Grants for Construction of Treatment Works) (or its
successor), available at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index. htmlV
30. What program requirements and regulations must the tribe meet if IHS
administers the CWISA program funds?
If a tribe chooses to have the IHS area office administer the CWISA program funds, the tribe then signs an
agreement (such as a Memorandum of Agreement [MO A]) with IHS. The agreement ensures a mutual
understanding of each party's responsibilities for the construction of the project and the subsequent
operation and maintenance of the constructed sanitation facilities.
The CWISA program funds are transferred by the EPA region to the IHS area office using an IA signed by
both EPA and MS. Copies of the agreement between IHS and the tribe associated with each CWISA project
should be provided to EPA for inclusion in the official IA file. CWISA program funds that are transferred
to the IHS area office will be administered by IHS under its policies and guidelines, including applicable
federal requirements, such as environmental review, and IHS authorizing statutes (including the Indian
Self-Determination Act, Indian Health Care Improvement Act, and PL. 86-121 (42 U.S.C. 2004a)).
31. If the tribe requests that IHS administer CWISA program funds, can the tribe
request that an outside engineering firm design the project and an outside
construction contractor build the facility?
Yes, if IHS agrees, since there may be additional resources required to administer the project in that manner.
If the tribe requests that IHS administer CWIS A program funds, the tribe has three options for designing and/
or building its wastewater project:
1. Funds are provided to IHS, and IHS designs and builds the project according to IHS administrative
and construction policies and procedures, including those for procurement, environmental review,
audit procedures and accounting principles;
2. Funds are provided to the tribe, and the tribe designs and builds the project through tribal and/or
outside construction contractors. IHS may work with the tribe to help select the firm(s), ensure all
applicable EPA and/or IHS guidelines are followed, conduct plan and specification reviews, etc.; or
* Evaluation of the Drinking Water and Clean Water Infrastructure Tribal Set-Aside Grant Programs final report, 2011.
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3. The funds are provided to the tribe, and the tribe hires IHS to design and build the project according
to IHS administrative and construction policies and procedures, including those for procurement,
environmental review, audit procedures and accounting principles.
32. Do the Davis-Bacon Act, Buy American Act, and EPA's Disadvantaged Business
Enterprise requirements apply to CWISA funds?
Yes. There are three pieces of legislation a tribe should be aware of. The Davis-Bacon Act of 1931 requires
the payment of local prevailing wages on public works projects. The Buy American Act of 1933 requires the
U.S. government to prefer U.S.-made products in its purchases. EPA's Disadvantaged Business Enterprise
(DBE) program requires that a certain percentage of funds should be directed to small, socially and
economically disadvantaged businesses, including minority, women, and Indian owned enterprises.
For projects managed through an IA with IHS, the IHS Davis-Bacon, DBE, Buy American & Buy Indian
regulations and policies apply.
For projects managed through a direct grant between EPA and a tribe, EPA ensures compliance by including
Davis-Bacon, Buy American and DBE applicability requirements in the grant terms and conditions.
33. Can tribes who have assumed the IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction Program
Responsibility under Title I or Title III of P.L. 93-638 (Indian Self-Determination Act)
have CWISA program funds transferred into their IHS compacts or contracts?
No. Tribes that have assumed the responsibility to implement the IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction
program under the Indian Self-Determination Act (P.L. 93-638) can only receive CWISA funds through a
direct grant with EPA. Tribes that have requested to have IHS administer and manage a project on their
behalf require an IA between EPA and MS. Funds provided by EPA through an IA to IHS may only be used
in agreements authorized by the Indian Sanitation Facilities Act, 42 U.S.C. 2004a (P.L. 86-121). This act
allows tribes an increased level of self-governance and decision making and is one of the means by which
tribes implement their sovereign powers.
34. How will disputes between EPA and IHS or EPA and the tribe be settled?
Some disputes arise as a result of a misunderstanding about the project scope or program requirements.
Problems may occur if the tribe is not involved in the project's development from the beginning. Disputes
can often be avoided by emphasizing communication and developing a joint understanding of the technical,
administrative and programmatic aspects of the project.
An agreement on the resolution of disputes should be part of the project scope and/or the agreement (e.g.
MO A) signed by the parties for each project. In many agreements, the disputing parties are required to try
to work out their differences among themselves. If no resolution can be achieved using this method, then
the dispute is often turned over to a review board appointed by the lead agency (EPA or IHS) for
resolution. Many of these agreements also give IHS and EPA the right to cancel projects if they feel that
their requirements are not being met.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
35. Where can I find additional information about the CWISA program?
The CWISA program website contains program information, including program guidance documents and
program contact information. The website address is available at: www.epa.gov . Information about the
IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction program can be found at: http://www.dsfc.ihs.gov/index.cfm. .
Guidance about the IHS SDS is available at: http://www.ihs.gov/dsfc/resources/.
36. Where can a tribe obtain technical assistance?
EPA and IHS can provide technical assistance on a variety of topics, from complying with regulations to
choosing low-cost alternative wastewater treatment technologies to administering CWISA program funds. In
addition, there are a variety of technical assistance providers, including the United South and Eastern
Tribes, Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Rural Community Assistance Partnership, the National Rural Water
Association, the Native American Water Association, and other federal agencies, all of which may be able to
assist tribes in specific areas.
More information on these and other resources is available in EPA's "Tribal Resource Directory for
Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment," available at www.epa.gov. Contact names and information are
listed on the following pages.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program
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EPA CWISA Program Coordinators:
EPA Headquarters:
Matthew Richardson
Office of Wastewater Management
Sustainable Communities Branch
(202) 564-2947
e-mail: richardson.matthew@epa.gov
EPA Region 1:
Jamie Bourne
Office of Ecosystem Protection
Municipal Assistance Branch
(617)918-1610
e-mail: bourne.james@epa.gov
EPA Region 2:
Denis Durack
Water Programs Branch
(212) 637-3875
e-mail: durack.denis@epa.gov
EPA Region 4:
Jennifer Shadle
Water Protection Division
(404) 562-9436
e-mail: shadel.jennifer@epa.gov
EPA Region 5:
John Colletti
NPDES Technical Support Branch (WD)
(312)886-6106
e-mail: colletti.john@epa.gov
EPA Region 6:
Dena Hurst
Water Quality Protection Division
(214) 665-7283
e-mail: hurst.dena@epa.gov
EPA Region 7:
Christopher Simmons
Water, Wetlands, and Pesticides Division
(913)551-7237
e-mail: simmons.christopher@epa.gov
EPA Region 8:
Minnie Adams
Water Program
Technical & Financial Services Unit
(303)312-6624
e-mail: adams.minnie@epa.gov
EPA Region 9:
Loretta Vanegas
State, Tribal & Municipal Programs Office
(415)972-3433
e-mail: vanegas.loretta@epa.gov
EPA Region 10:
Dennis Wagner
Alaska Operations Office
(907)271-3651
e-mail: wagner.dennisx@epa.gov
fflS Area Offices:
JUS Great Plains Area
115 4th Street SE, Room 3 09
Aberdeen, SD 57401
(605)226-7581
http://www.ihs.gov/GreatPlains/
JUS Nashville Area
711 Stewarts Ferry Pike
Nashville, TN 37214
(615)467-1500
http://www.ihs.gov/nashville/
IHS Alaska Area
4141 Ambassador Drive, Suite 300
Anchorage, AK 99508
(907) 729-3686
http://www.ihs.gov/alaska/
IHS Navajo Area
P.O. Box 9020
Window Rock, AZ 86515
(928)871-5811
http://www.ihs.gov/Navaio/
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IHS Albuquerque Area
5300 Homestead Drive NE
Albuquerque, NM 87110
(505)248-4501
http://www.ihs.gov/albuquerque/
IHS Oklahoma Area
701 Market Drive
Oklahoma City, OK 73114
(405)951-3768
http://www.ihs.gov/oklahoma/
IHS Bemidji Area
522 Minnesota Ave., NW
Bemidji, MN 56601
(218)444-0458
http://www.ihs.gov/bemidji/
IHS Phoenix Area
Two Renaissance Square, 40 North Central Avenue,
Suite 600
Phoenix, AZ 85004-4450
(602) 364-5039
http://www.ihs.gov/phoenix/
IHS Billings Area
2900 4th Avenue North
Billings, MT 59101
(406)247-7107
http://www.ihs.gov/billings/
IHS Portland Area
1414 NW Northrup Street, Suite 800
Portland, OR 97209
(503) 326-2020
http://www.ihs.gov/portland/
IHS California Area
650 Capitol Mall, Suite 7-100
Sacramento, CA 95814
(916) 930-3927
http://www.ihs.gov/california/
IHS Tucson Area
7900 South J Stock Road
Tucson, AZ 85746
(520) 295-2405
http://www.ihs.gov/tucson/
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the U.S. EPA Clean Water Indian Set-Aside Program 14
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