&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-B-16-004
March 2016
Gasoline Sulfur Standards
Federal
Regulated Entity
Large Refiners / Importers a
GPA Refiners d'e
Small Refiners '• a h
Downstream Standards u
Refinery Average and
Per-gallon Cap by Year (ppm)
2004
120 b 7300°
150/300°
k
378
2005
30 / 90 b 7300
150/300
k
326
2006
30/80
150/300
k
95
2007
30/80
30/80
k
95
2008
30/80
30/80
30/80
95
2009
30/80
30/80
30/80
95
2010
30/80
30/80
30/80
95
2011
30/80
30/80
30/80
95
Notes:
a Standards effective January 1 at the refinery gate.
b No Refinery Average Standard applies in 2004; Corporate
Average Standard applies in 2004 (120 ppm) and 2005
(90 ppm).
c Cap exceedances up to 50 ppm in 2004 must be made up
in 2005.
d Geographic Phase-in Area (GPA) refiners must also com-
ply with the corporate average standards in 2004 and 2005
if less than 50% of the refiner's gasoline is designated as
GPA gasoline in a given compliance period.
e GPA refiners may receive an additional two years (i.e.,
through 2008) to comply with the 30 / 80 ppm gasoline
sulfur standards in exchange for producing 95% of their
highway diesel fuel at the 15 ppm sulfur standard by June
1,2006.
f Small refiners may receive an additional two years (i.e.,
through 2009) to comply with the 30 / 80 ppm gasoline
sulfur standards via a hardship demonstration.
Small refiners may receive an additional three years (i.e.,
through 2010) to comply with the 30 / 80 ppm gasoline
sulfur standards in exchange for producing 95% of their
highway diesel fuel at the 15 ppm sulfur standard by June
1,2006.
Small refiners may receive a 20% increase in their annual
average and per-gallon cap standards in exchange for
producing 95% of their highway, nonroad, locomotive, and
marine diesel fuel at the 15 ppm sulfur standard by June 1,
2006.
Downstream standards are effective February 1 at any
downstream location other than at a retail outlet or whole-
sale purchaser-consumer (e.g., pipelines and terminals)
and March 1 at any downstream location.
Downstream standards for gasoline that is not blended
with small refiner gasoline are shown. Refer to the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) for the downstream stan-
dards that apply when a gasoline blend includes small
refiner gasoline.
1997-98 Refinery Baseline Sulfur Level
(ppm)
OtoSO
31 to 200
201 to 400
401 to 600
601 and above
Small Refiner Interim Gasoline Sulfur Standards (ppm) 2004 - 2007
Average
30
baseline level
200
50% of baseline
300
Cap
300
300
300
1.5 x avg. standard
450
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) citations: :
• 40 CFR 80 Subpart H
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