Light-Duty Vehicles and Light-Duty Trucks: Tier 1 and National Low Emission Vehicle (NLEV) Evaporative Emission Standards and Implementation Schedule


v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
            EPA-420-B-16-012
                 March 2016
       Light-Duty Vehicles and Light-Duty Trucks: Tier
                     Evaporative Emission Standards
                                      1 and National Low Emission Vehicle (NLEV)
                                      and Implementation Schedule

Federal

Standard
(Pre-enhanced)
Enhanced
Evaporative and
ORVR
Vehicle
Type
LDV
LOT
LDV,
LOT 1 & 2,
LOT 3 & 4
( < 30 gal
fuel tank)
LOT 3 & 4
( < 30 gal
fuel tank)
Useful
Life
(years /
miles)
51
50,000
11 /
120,000
107
100,000
107
100,000
11 7
120,000
11 7
120,000
Evaporative
Test Fuel
EPA Gasoline
Methanol(MIO)
EPA Gasoline
Methanol(MIO)
EPA Gasoline
Methanol(MIO)
Ethanol(E10)d
CNG
LPG
Diesel Fuel
EPA Gasoline
Methanol(MIO)
Ethanol(E10)d
CNG
LPG
Diesel Fuel
Test Procedure
(2)
1-hour
Hot
Soaks
(g/test)
2.0 a
2.0 b
2.0 a'°
2.0 b'°
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3-Day
Diurnal
plus
Hot
Soak
(g/test)
-
-
-
-
2.0 a
2.0 b
2.0 b
2.0 a
2.0 a
-
2.5 a
2.5 b
2.5 b
2.0 a
2.0 a
-
2-day
Diurnal
plus
Hot
Soak
(g/test)
-
-
-
-
2.5 a
2.5 b
2.5 b
-
-
-
3.0 a
3.0 b
3.0 b
-
-
-
Running
Losses
(g/mi)
-
-
-
-
0.05 a
0.05 b
0.05 b
-
-
-
0.05 a
0.05 b
0.05 b
-
-
-
Spitback
(grams
fuel)
-
-
-
-
1.0
1.0
1.0
-
-
-
1.0
1.0
1.0
-
-
-
ORVR (g/gal
of fuel
dispensed)
-
-
-
-
0.2 a
0.2 b
0.2 b
f
0.15a
0.20 a> a
0.2 a
0.2 b
0.2 b
f
0.15a
0.20 a
                                      Implementation Schedule
Federal

Pre-enhanced
Enhanced
ORVR
Vehicle
Type
LDV,
LOT
LDV,
LOT
LDV,
LOT
LDT1
&2
LOT 3
&4
Emission
Standards
Cert&
In-use
Cert&
ln-usee
Cert&
ln-usee
Cert&
ln-usee
CertS
ln-usee
Year
1995
100%
-
-
-
-
1996
80%
max
20%
min
-
-
-
1997
60%
max
40%
min
-
-
-
1998
10%
max
90%
min
40%
min
-
-
1999
-
100%
80%
min
-
-
2000
-
100%
100%
-
-
2001
-
100%
100%
40%
min
-
2002
-
100%
100%
80%
min
-
2003
-
100%
100%
100%
-
2004 2005

2006

Tier 2 Requirements
Begin
40% 80%
min min
100%
Notes on following page.

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Notes:
a   Total hydrocarbon (THC).
b   Total hydrocarbon equivalent (THCE).
c   2.6 grams per test at high altitude prior to 1996 model year.
d   Compliance required for National Low Emission Vehicle
    (NLEV) and Clean Fuel Vehicle flexible fuel vehicles under
    defeat device regulations.
e   Small volume manufacturer exempt until last year of phase-
    in.
f   Must meet American National Standards Institute /American
    Gas Association Natural Gas Vehicle 1 (NGV) receptical
    requirements.
q   Waivers allowed.
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) citations:
•    40CFR86SubpartA
    40 CFR 86 Subpart R - National Low Emission Vehicle pro-
    gram

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