&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-B-16-020
March 2016
Heavy-Duty Highway Compression-Ignition and Spark-Ignition Engines: Evaporative Emission Standards
Federal
Engine
Type
SI
Cl
Year
1991-95
1996-2007
(Enhanced) f
2008+
(Enhanced)
1996-97
1998+
(Enhanced) g
Gross
Vehicle
Weight
(Ibs)
< 14,000
> 14,000e
< 14,000
> 14,000 e
8500-
14,000
> 14,000 e
< 14,000
> 14,000 e
< 14,000
> 14,000 e
Conventional
Diurnal +
Hot Soak
(g/test) a
3.0
4.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Three-
Diurnal Test
Sequence
(g/test) b
-
-
3.0
4.0
1.4
1.9
3.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
Supplemental
Two-Diurnal
Test Sequence
(g/test) °
-
-
3.5
4.5
1.75
2.3
-
-
3.5
4.5
Running
Loss
(gpm) c
-
-
0.05
-
-
0.05
Spitback
(g/test) c
-
-
1.0
-
1.0
-
-
-
1.0
-
Useful Life d
8/110,000
10/120,000
11 / 110,000
LHDDE:
8/110,000
MHDDE:
8/185,000
HHDDE:
8/290,000
Notes:
Applies to gasoline and methanol engines. Standard is
hydrocarbon (HC) for gasoline engines, total hydrocarbon
equivalent (THCE) for methanol engines.
For spark-ignition (SI) engines, standard applies to gaso-
line, methanol, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas
engines. For compression-ignition (Cl) engines, standard
applies to methanol, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum
gas engines. Standard is THCE for methanol engines, HC
for others.
For SI engines, standard applies to gasoline and methanol
engines. For Cl engines, standard applies to methanol
engines. Standard is THCE for methanol engines, HC for
others.
Useful life is expressed in years or miles, whichever
comes first.
Vehicles over 26,000 pounds gross vehicle weight may
demonstrate compliance with an engineering design evalu-
ation in lieu of testing.
f A new enhanced evaporative test procedure applies,
which is considerably more stringent than the previous test
procedure despite the fact that the standard values do not
change from prior years. Gasoline and methanol engines
are phased in at the following rates of a manufacturer's
sales for the specified model year: 1996: 20 percent; 1997:
40 percent; 1998: 90 percent; 1999: 100 percent.
g A new enhanced evaporative test procedure applies, which
is considerably more stringent than the previous test
procedure despite the fact that the standard values do
not change from prior years. Methanol-fueled vehicles
are phased in at a rate of 90 percent of a manufacturer's
production in 1998 and 100 percent in 1999.
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) citations:
40 CFR 86.008-10(b) - Evaporative emission standards for
gasoline-fueled, natural gas-fueled or liquefied petroleum
gas-fueled engines
40 CFR 86.004-11 (b)(3) - Evaporative emission standards
for methanol-fueled diesel engines
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