United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-B-16-025
March 2016
Federal Marine Compression-Ignition (Cl) Engines: Exhaust Emission Standards
Category a' b
C1
Commercial
C1
Commercial
&
Recreational
C1
Commercial
&
<75kW
Tier
1
2
1
2
3
Displace-
ment
(L/cylinder)
>2.5
disp < 0.9
0.9 2.5
disp < 0.9
0.9 37
>37
all
>37
>37
all
<8
82000
-
-
-
-
rpm <
130
130 < rpm
<2000
rpm >
2000
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Model
Year
2004 h
2005 h
2004 h
2004 h
2007 h
2004
2007
2006
2006
2009
2009+
2009+
2009-
2013
2014+
2009-
2013
2014+
NOx
(g/kW -hr)
17.0
45.0 x
N-0.20 i
9.8
-
-
-
-
17
45.0 x
N-0.20 i
9.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HC
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HC+NOx d
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
7.5 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
-
-
-
7.5 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
7.2 (ABT)
7.5 (ABT)
7.5 (ABT)
7.5 ' (ABT)
4.7 ' (ABT)
7.5 ' (ABT)
4.7 ' (ABT)
PM
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
0.40 (ABT)
0.30 (ABT)
0.20 (ABT)
0.20 (ABT)
-
-
-
0.40 (ABT)
0.30 (ABT)
0.20 (ABT)
0.20 (ABT)
0.40 (ABT)
0.40 (ABT)
0.30 ' (ABT)
0.20 (ABT)
0 30 J (ABT)
CO
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
-
-
-
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
8.0
6.6
5.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
Useful Life e
(years/hours)
10/10,000
10/10,000
10/1,000
10/1,000
5/
3,000
11 10/1,000
5nnn fnr PI
Recrea-
tional
10/
10,000
Waranty Period f
(years/hours)
5/5,000
5/5,000
5/500
5/500
2.5 /
1,500
3.5 / 10/500
2cnn fnr PI
Recrea-
tional
5/
5,000
Continued
-------
Category a' b
C1
Commercial
Engines
with < 35
kW/L power
density k
C1
Commercial
Engines with
> 35 kW/L
power
density & All
Recreational
Engines k
C1
Commercial
> 600 kW
Tier
3'
3'
4 m
Displace-
ment
(L/cylinder)
<0.9
0.9 600
<600
>600
<600
>600
>75
All
600 < kW
< 1,400
1 ,400 < kW
< 2,000
2,000 < kW
< 3,700
> 3,700
Speed
(rpm)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Model
Year
2012+
2013+
2014-
2017
2018+
2014+
2013-
2017
2018+
2013+
2012-
2017
2018+
2012+
2012+
2013+
2014+
2013+
2012+
2017+
2016+
2014+
2014-
2015
2016+
NOx
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8 (AST)
HC
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HC+NOx d
(g/kW-hr)
5.4 (ABT)
5.4 (ABT)
5.6 (ABT)
5.6 (ABT)
5.6 (ABT)
5.6 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
5.8 (ABT)
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
PM
(g/kW-hr)
0.1 4 (ABT)
0.1 2 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.10 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.10 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.10 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.1 5 (ABT)
0.1 4 (ABT)
0.1 4 (ABT)
0.1 2 (ABT)
0.11 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.1 2 (ABT)
0.06 (ABT)
CO
(g/kW -hr)
8.0for< 8
kW
6.6 for 8 <
kW<19
5. 5 for 19
< kW < 37
5.0for<
37 kW
8.0for< 8
kW
6.6 for 8 <
kW<19
5. 5 for 19
< kW < 37
5.0for>
37 kW
5.0
Useful Life e
(years/hours)
5/3,000
for
commercial
engines
<19kW
7/5,000
for
commercial
engines
1937kW
10/1,000
forCI
Recreational
10/10,000
Waranty Period f
(years/hours)
2.5/1,500
for
commercial
engines
< 19 kW
3.5/2,500
for
commercial
engines
1937kW
5/500
forCI
Recreational
5/5,000
Continued
-------
Category a' b
C2
Tier
1
2
3 o, P
4 m, p
Displace-
ment
(L/cylinder)
>2.5
5.0 37
all
< 3,300
> 3,300
all
all
< 2,000
2,000 < kW
< 3,700
< 2,000
< 2,000
< 2,000
600 < kW
< 1,400
1400 3,700
Speed
(rpm)
rpm < 130
130 < rpm
< 2,000
rpm >
2,000
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Model
Year
2004
2007
2013+
2014+
2017+
2016+
2014+
2014-
2015
2014-
2015
2016+
NOx
(g/kW -hr)
17.0
45.0 x
N-0.20 i
9.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8(ABT)
1.8 (AST)
1.8(ABT)
HC
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HC+NOxd
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
7.8 (AST)
8.7 (ABT)
9.8 (ABT)
9.8 (ABT)
11.0 (ABT)
6.2 (ABT)
7.8 (ABT)
7.0 (ABT)
9.8 (ABT)
11.0 (ABT)
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
0.19 HCn
PM
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
0.27 (ABT)
0.50 (ABT)
0.50 (ABT)
0.50 (ABT)
0.50 (ABT)
0.1 4 (ABT)
0.1 4 (ABT)
0.34 (ABT)
0.27 (ABT)
0.27 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.04 (ABT)
0.1 2 (ABT)
0.25 (ABT)
0.06 (ABT)
CO
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
Useful Life e
(years/hours)
10/20,000
10/20,000
10/20,000
10/20,000
Waranty Period f
(years/hours)
5/10,000
5/10,000
5/10,000
5/10,000
Continued
-------
Category a' b
C3
Tier
1
2
3
Displace-
ment
(L/cylinder)
>30.0
>30.0
>30.0
Power °
(kW)
All
All
All
Speed
(rpm)
rpm< 130
130 < rpm
< 2,000
rpm >
2,000
rpm< 130
130 < rpm
< 2,000
rpm >
2,000
rpm< 130
130 < rpm
< 2,000
rpm >
2,000
Model
Year
2004
2011
2016
NOx
(g/kW -hr)
17.0
45.0 x
N-0.20 i
9.8
14.4
44.0 x
N-0.23 i
7.7
3.4
9.0 x
N-0.20 i
2.0
HC
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
2.0
2.0
HC+NOx d
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
PM
(g/kW-hr)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
CO
(g/kW -hr)
-
-
-
5.0
5.0
Useful Life e
(years/hours)
3/10,000
3/10,000
3/10,000
Waranty Period f
(years/hours)
3/10,000
3/10,000
3/10,000
Notes:
For Tiers 1 and 2, Category 1 (C1) marine engines are greater than or equal to
37 kilowatts (kW) and have a displacement less than 5.0 liters per cylinder
(L/cylinder); Category 2 (C2) marine engines have a displacement greater than
or equal to 5.0 L/cylinder and less than 30 L/cylinder; and Category 3 (C3)
marine engines have a displacement greater than or equal to 30.0 L/cylinder.
For Tiers 3 and 4, Category 1 represents engines up to 7 L/cylinder displace-
ment; and Category 2 includes engines from 7 to 30 L/cylinder. The definition of
Category 3 marine engines remains the same.
Tiers 1 and 2 for marine engines less than 37 kW are subject to the same emis-
sion standards as for land-based engines. See Table 1 in 40 Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) Part 89.112 and 40 CFR Part 89.104.
For Tiers 1 and 2, this refers to the rated power; for Tiers 3 and 4, this refers to
the maximum engine power.
Total hydrocarbon (THC) plus nitrogen oxides (NOx) for Tier 2 standards.
Useful life is expressed in hours or years, whichever comes first. For Tiers 3 and
4, a longer useful life in hours for an engine family must be specified if either:!))
the engine is designed, advertised, or marketed to operate longer than the mini-
mum useful life; or 2) the basic mechanical warranty is longer than the minimum
useful life.
f Warranty period is expressed in years and hours, whichever comes first.
g For Tiers 3 and 4, there are no evaporative emission standards for diesel-fueled
engines, or engines using other nonvolatile or nonliquid fuels (e.g., natural gas).
If an engine uses a volatile liquid fuel, such as methanol, the engine>s fuel
system and the vessel in which the engine is installed must meet the evapora-
tive emission requirements of 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1045
that apply with respect to spark-ignition engines. Manufacturers subject to evap-
orative emission standards must meet the requirements of 40 CFR 1045.112 as
described in 40 CFR 1060.1 (a)(2).
h Indicates the model years for which the specified standards start.
i N is the maximum test speed of the engine in revolutions per minute (rpm).
j Manufacturers of Tier 3 engines greater than or equal to 19 kW and less than
75 kW with displacement below 0.9 L/cylinder may alternatively certify some or
all of their engine families to a particulate matter (PM) emission standard of 0.20
grams per kilowatt-hour (g/kW-hr) and a NOx+HC emission standard fo 5.8 g/
kW-hr for 2014 and later model years.
k The applicable Tier 2 NOx+HC standards continue to apply instead of the Tier 3
values for engines at or above 2000 kW.
Continued
-------
I These Tier 3 standards apply to Category 1 engines below 3700 kW except
for recreational marine engines at or above 3700 kW (with any displacement),
which must meet the Tier 3 standards specified for recreational marine engines
with a displacement of 3.5 to 7.0 L/cylinder.
m The following provisions are optional: 1)Manufacturers may use NOx credits to
certify Tier 4 engines to a NOX+HC emission standard of 1.9 g/kW-hr instead of
the NOX and HC standards. See 40 CFR 1042.101 (a)(8)(i) for more details. 2)
For engines below 1000 kW, manufacturers may delay complying with the Tier 4
standards until October 1, 2017. 3) For engines at or above 3700 kW, manufac-
turers may delay complying with the Tier 4 standards until December 31, 2016.
n The Tier 4 standard is for HC (not HC+NOx) in g/kW-hr.
o These Tier 3 standards apply to Category 2 engines below 3700 kW; no Tier 3
standards apply for Category 2 engines at or above 3700 kW, although there
are Tier 4 standards that apply.
p An alternative set of Tier 3 and Tier 4 standards for PM, NOx, and HC are avail-
able for Category 2 engines at or above 1400 kW, but must be applied to all of a
manufacturer's engines in a given displacement category in model years 2012
through 2015.
Tier
3
4
Maximum engine
power
kW>1400
1 400 3700
Model
year
2012-2014
2015
2015
PM
(g/kW-hr)
0.14
0.04
0.06
NOx
(g/kW-hr)
HC
(g/kW-hr)
7.8 NOx+HC
1.8
1.8
0.19
0.19
Interim Tier 4 PM standards apply for 2014 and 2015 model year Category 2
engines with per-cylinder displacement at or above 15.0 liters: 0.34 g/kW-hr for
engines 2000 = kW < 3000, and 0.27 g/kW-hr for engines 3300 = kW < 3700.
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Citations:
40 CFR 89.104 = Tier 1 and Tier 2 useful life & warranty period for marine Cl
engines less than 37 kW
40 CFR 89.112 = Tier 1 and Tier 2 emission standards for marine Cl engines
less than 37 kW
40 CFR Part 89, Subpart E = Tier 1 and Tier 2 test procedures for marine Cl
engines less than 37 kW
40 CFR 94.8 = Tier 1 standards for C3 engines; also, Tier 1 and Tier 2 emission
standards for C1 and C2 engines
40 CFR 94.9 = Useful life values corresponding to the standards in §94.8
40 CFR 94.10 = Warranty periods corresponding to the standards in §94.8
40 CFR Part 94, Subpart B = Test procedures for measuring emissions relative
to the emission standards in §94.8
40 CFR 1042.101 = Tier 3 and Tier 4 exhaust emission standards and useful life
for C1 and C2 engines
40 CFR 1042.104 = Tier 2 and Tier 3 exhaust emission standards and useful life
for C3 engines
40 CFR 1042.107 = Evaporative emission standards for marine Cl engines
using methanol or any other volatile liquid fuel
40 CFR 1042.120 = Warranty periods corresponding to the standards in 40 CFR
Part 1042
40 CFR Part 1042, Subpart F = Test procedures for measuring emissions
relative to the emission standards in 40 CFR Part 1042
------- |