vvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-B-16-029
March 2016
Nonroad Spark-Ignition Engines 19 Kilowatts and Below, Recreational Engines and Vehicles, and Marine Spark-Ignition Engines:
Evaporative Emission Standards
Federal
Engine Category
Small SI
Equipment d
Nonhandheld
Handhf
(Classes III,
Class I
Class II
sld
IV, &V)
Marine SI
Recreational Vehicles
Model Year
2012+
2011 +
2010
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016+
2009
2010
2011 +
2008+
Fuel Line Permeation a
Nonroad
Fuel Lines
(g/m2/day)
15e'f
15e'f
-
15"
15'
15
Cold-Weather
Fuel Lines b
(g/m2/day)
-
-
-
290
275
260
245
225
-
-
Fuel Tank Permeation
(g/m2/day @ 28°C)
-I 5f,g,h
(AST)
-I 5g,h
(AST)
1.59'h(ABT)
-
-
1 5 g, m
(AST)
1.5
(AST)
Running Loss
Design Standard '
Design Standard '
-
-
-
Diurnal
g/gal/day
Optional J
Optional J
-
-
0.40"
-
Useful
Life0
(years)
5
5
5
PWC: 5
All other
vessels &
portable
marine
fuel tanks:
10
5
Warranty
Period
(years)
2
2
2
2
30
months °
Notes:
Fuel lines used with handheld small spark-ignition (SI) engines installed in cold-
weather equipment (as defined in 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1054.80)
must meet the standards for EPA cold-weather fuel lines.
In the 2012-2015 model years, certifying equipment manufacturers may generate
or use emission credits for averaging to show compliance but not for banking or
trading.
c A 2-year useful life period applies for fuel tanks or fuel caps certified to meet
permeation emission standards in 2013 and earlier model years for small SI and
marine SI.
d The small SI engine classes are determined by engine displacement:
Continued
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Phase
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Nonhandheld
Class I < 225 cc
Class I-A < 66 cc
66 < Class I-B <100 cc
Class I < 225 cc
Class II >225 cc
100 < Class I <225 cc
Class II >225 cc
Class II < 225 cc
Handheld
Class III < 20 cc
20 cc < Class IV < 50 cc
Class V > 50 cc
Any engines certified to the nonhandheld emission standards in 40 CFR 1054.105 may
be used in either handheld or nonhandheld equipment. Engines greater than 80 cubic
centimeters (cc) certified to the handheld emission standards in 40 CFR 1054.103
may not be used in nonhandheld equipment. Engines less than or equal to 80 cc are
considered handheld engines, but may be installed in either handheld or nonhandheld
equipment.
e Nonhandheld fuel line permeation requirements begin January 1, 2009.
f Small SI fuel tanks and fuel lines that are installed in equipment certified to meet
the optional diurnal emission standards under 40 CFR 1060.105(e) do not have to
meet these permeation standards.
g Or 2.5 grams per square meter per day if testing performed at 40 degrees Celsius.
h For handheld equipment, these requirements apply starting in the 2010 model year,
except that they apply starting in the 2011 model year for structurally integrated
nylon fuel tanks, in the 2012 model year for handheld equipment using nonhand-
held engines, and in the 2013 model year for all small-volume emission families.
Some handheld fuel tanks have to comply in January 1, 2009 with a 2-year useful
life (40 CFR 90.129(a)). For nonhandheld equipment using engines at or below 80
cc, these requirements apply starting in the 2012 model year.
i Running loss requirements apply to nonhandheld Small SI engines and equipment
that are not used in wintertime equipment.
j Nonhandheld equipment may optionally be certified to the diurnal emission stan-
dards in 40 CFR 1060.105(e), in which case the fuel line and fuel tank permeation
standards do not apply.
k These requirements apply starting in the 2013 model year for small-volume families
that are not used in cold-weather equipment.
I Applies to marine SI fuel lines, including fuel lines associated with outboard en-
gines or portable marine fuel tanks. The emission standard for fuel lines starts for
personal watercraft (PWC), vessels, and portable marine fuel tanks manufactured
on or after January 1, 2009. The emission standard for primer bulbs applies starting
January 1, 2011. The emission standard for under-cowl fuel lines used with out-
board engines applies over a phase-in period which is based on total length of fuel
lines: 30 percent for 2010; 60 percent for 2011; 90 percent for 2012-2014; and 100
percent for 2015+. Manufacturers have the option to comply with the standard with
100 percent of the under-cowl lines across the full lineup of 2011 model year out-
board engines. In this case, requirements would not apply to under-cowl fuel lines
before the 2011 model year.
m Applies to marine SI fuel tanks, including engine-mounted and portable marine fuel
tanks. Permeation standards start: January 1, 2011 for portable marine fuel tanks;
with the 2011 model year for fuel tanks for PWC; and with the 2012 model year for
other installed fuel tanks.
n Applies to marine SI fuel tanks, including engine-mounted fuel tanks, only. Portable
marine fuel tanks must be self-sealing and remain sealed up to a positive pres-
sure of 34.5 kilopascals (kPa) (5.0 pounds per square inch guage); however they
may contain air inlets that open when there is a vacuum pressure inside the tank.
In addition, detachable fuel lines that are intended for use with portable marine
fuel tanks must be self-sealing (without any manual vents) when not attached to
the engine or fuel tank. An alternative standard of 0.16 grams per gallon per day
applies for fuel tanks installed in nontrailerable boats when measured using the
corresponding fuel temperature profile in 40 CFR 1060.525. Diurnal requirements
start: in the 2010 model year for PWC fuel tanks and January 1, 2010 for portable
marine fuel tanks; other installed fuel tanks must meet the standards for vessels
produced on or after July 31, 2011, except as allowed by 40 CFR 1045.625. See 40
CFR 1060.240(e) for the design-based option.
o The 30-month warranty period applies to all emission-related components of a ve-
hicle/engine (40 CFR 1051.120). However, if a manufacturer chooses component
certification for fuel tanks/lines/caps under 40 CFR 1060, the warranty period is at
least 2 years.
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) citations:
40 CFR 1045.112 = Marine SI evaporative requirements
40 CFR 1051.110 = Recreational vehicles evaporative requirements
40 CFR 1051.120 = Recreational vehicles warranty requirements
40 CFR 1051 Subpart F = Test procedures for recreational vehicles
40 CFR 1054.110 = Handheld equipment evaporative requirements
40 CFR 1054.112 = Nonhandheld equipment evaporative requirements
40 CFR 1060.102 = Fuel line requirements
40 CFR 1060.103 = Fuel tank requirements
40 CFR 1060.104 = Running loss requirements
40 CFR 1060.105 = Diurnal requirements
40 CFR 1060.120 = Evaporative system warranty requirements
40 CFR 1060 Subpart F = Test procedures for small SI and marine SI (optional for
recreational vehicles)
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