Fast Facts 1990-2014 National-Level U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory HH ^^BHWfaWfRWWM 6Q7H nnillion metric tons /0/U CO2 equivalent 1.0%^[rom2013 I6V6JS i 1990 to 2014 _ -^ , A. 7.4% t 769^) of total emissions 1.0% t [rom2013 *^ ' ^ If^w^jc lotal emissions 8.6% t Total C02 emissions 9OO/« ^ ." /O I C02 emissions from fossil fuel combustion 5.6%* Methane emissions To learn more about the inventory, scan the QR code to the left, visit www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport.html. or explore the data at www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/inventoryexplorer. United States Environmental Protection Agency April 2016 EPA 430-F-l6-002 ------- U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (MMT CO2 Equivalents) by Gas 8,000-, 7,000- 6,000- j 5,000- O1 4,000- ro 3,000- 2,000- 1,000- 0 MFCs, PFCs, SF6 and IMF, Methane l Nitrous Oxide l Carbon Dioxide O i— CN CO Gas/Source 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions/Sinks by Chapter/IPCC Sector 8,000 - 7,000 - 6,000 - 5,000 - 4,000 - 3,000 - 2,000 - 1,000 - 0 -1000-1 I Waste I Energy Industrial Processes Agriculture I Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (sinks) _ CMCO^TLO-Or^cQOOr— CMCO^TLO-Or^cQOOr— CMCO^T OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOi— i— i— i— i— 0*000000000000000000000000 .— .— .— .— .— .— .— .— .— .— CMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCM 2014 U.S.CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion by Fuel Type and End-Use Sector Petroleum Natural Gas Note: Electricity generation also includes emissions of less than 0.5 Tg C02 Eq. from geothermal- based electricity generation. U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Allocated to Economic Sectors 8,000-, 7,000- 6,000- 5,000- 4,000- 3,000- 2,000- 1,000- l Residential Industry Commercial Transportation • Agriculture I Electric Power Industry • o >— CN co Note: Does not include U.S. territories. U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions with Electricity Distributed to Economic Sectors 8,000 7,000 6,000 S 5,000 § 4,000 ff 3,000 2,000 1,000 •Agriculture • Residential Commercial • Transportation Industry I §r— cNco^rio-or^coo-O'— cNco^rio-or^coo- OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO' Note: Does not include U.S. territories. + Does not exceed 0.05 MMT C02 Eq. 3 Emissions from wood biomass and ethanol consumption are not included specifically in summing energy sector totals. Net carbon fluxes from changes in biogenic carbon reservoirs are accounted for in the estimates for land use, land-use change, and forestry. b Emissions from international bunker fuels are not included in totals. = Small amounts of RFC emissions also result from this source. d Total gross emissions exclude land use, land-use change, and forestry. Net emissions include this category. Note:Totals may not sum due to independent rounding. C02 Fossil Fuel Combustion Electricity Generation Transportation Industrial Residential Commercial U.S. Territories Non-Energy Use of Fuels Iron and Steel Production and Metallurgical Coke Production Natural Gas Systems Cement Production Petrochemical Production Lime Production Other Process Uses of Carbonates Ammonia Production Incineration of Waste Carbon Dioxide Consumption Urea Consumption for Non-Agricultural Purposes Petroleum Systems Aluminum Production Soda Ash Production and Consumption Ferroalloy Production Titanium Dioxide Production Glass Production Phosphoric Acid Production Zinc Production Lead Production Silicon Carbide Production and Consumption Magnesium Production and Processing Wood Biomass and Ethanol Consumption1 International Bunker ft/e/s* r*u On4 Natural Gas Systems Enteric Fermentation Landfills Petroleum Systems Coal Mining Manure Management Wastewater Treatment Rice Cultivation Stationary Combustion Abandoned Underground Coal Mines Composting Mobile Combustion Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Petrochemical Production Ferroalloy Production Silicon Carbide Production and Consumption Iron and Steel Production and Metallurgical Coke Production Incineration of Waste International Bunker ft/e/s* N20 ^| Agricultural Soil Management Stationary Combustion Manure Management Mobile Combustion Nitric Acid Production AdipicAcid Production Wastewater Treatment N20 from Product Uses Composting Incineration of Waste Semiconductor Manufacture Field Burning of Agricultural Residues International Bunker ft/e/s* MFCs, PFCs, SF6, and NF MFCs Substitution of Ozone Depleting Substances' HCFC-22 Production Semiconductor Manufacture Magnesium Production and Processing RFC Semiconductor Manufacture Aluminum Production Electrical Transmission and Distribution Magnesium Production and Processing Semiconductor Manufacture NF3 Semiconductor Manufacture Total Emissions'1 LULUCF Emissions LULUCFTotal Net Flux LULUCF Sector Total Net Emissions (Sources and Sinks) 5,115.1 4,740.7 1,820.8 1,493.8 842.5 338.3 217.4 27.9 118.1 99.7 37.7 33.3 21.6 11.7 4.9 13.0 8.0 1.5 3.8 3.6 6.8 2.8 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 + 2/9.4 103.5 206.8 164.2 179.6 38.7 96.5 37.2 15.7 13.1 8.5 7.2 0.4 5.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 ,o,: 303.3 11.9 14.0 41.2 12.1 15.2 3.4 4.2 0.3 0.5 6,122.7 5,747.1 2,400.9 1,887.0 828.0 357.8 223.5 49.9 138.9 66.5 30.1 45.9 27.4 14.6 6.3 9.2 12.5 1.4 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.0 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.2 + 229.8 113.1 717.4 177.3 168.9 154.0 48.8 64.1 56.3 15.9 13.0 7.4 6.6 1.9 2.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 ,,,, 297.2 20.2 16.5 34.4 11.3 7.1 4.3 4.2 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.1 10 5 688 8 5,358.3 2,258.4 1,728.3 775.5 334.6 220.1 41.4 114.1 55.7 32.4 31.3 27.2 13.4 9.6 9.2 11.0 4.4 4.7 4.2 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.2 + 265.1 117.0 ™ 166.2 171.3 142.1 54.1 82.3 60.9 15.5 11.9 7.1 6.6 1.8 2.3 0.3 0.1 „., 320.7 22.2 17.2 23.6 11.5 4.2 4.5 4.2 1.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.0 5 559 5 5 349 2 2.8 21.5 3,, 25.4 5.2 0.5 3.2 3.4 ,4.0 10.6 2.7 0.7 2.7 1.9 u 7.0 2.1 0.4 5,227.7 2,157.7 1,707.6 773.3 326.8 220.7 41.5 108.5 59.9 35.7 32.0 26.3 14.0 9.3 9.3 10.5 4.1 4.0 4.2 3.3 2.7 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.2 + 268.1 111.7 ,,,.4 170.1 168.9 144.4 56.3 71.2 61.5 15.3 11.8 7.1 6.4 1.9 2.2 0.3 0.1 .,« 323.1 21.3 17.4 22.4 10.9 10.2 4.7 4.2 1.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.0 3.5 3.5 ,0.0 6.8 2.8 0.4 « 0.7 5,024.7 2,022.2 1,696.8 782.9 282.5 196.7 43.6 105.6 54.2 35.2 35.1 26.5 13.7 8.0 9.4 10.4 4.0 4.4 3.9 3.4 2.8 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.5 0.5 0.2 + 267.7 105.8 7,4.4 172.6 166.7 142.3 58.4 66.5 63.7 15.0 11.9 6.6 6.2 1.9 2.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 ,09, 323.1 21.4 17.5 20.0 10.5 5.5 4.8 4.2 1.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 3.1 2.9 • 5.6 1.6 0.4 • 0.6 5,502.6 5,157.6 2,038.1 1,713.0 812.2 329.7 221.0 43.5 121.7 52.2 38.5 36.1 26.4 14.0 10.4 10.0 9.4 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.3 2.8 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 0.2 + 286.3 99.8 175.6 165.5 144.3 64.7 64.6 61.4 14.8 11.9 8.0 6.2 2.0 2.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 403.4 318.6 22.9 17.5 18.2 10.7 4.0 4.8 4.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 172.6 158.9 154.6 4.1 0.2 0.1 5.8 2.9 3.0 5.4 1.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 5,556.0 5,208.2 2,039.3 1,737.6 813.3 345.1 231.9 41.0 114.3 55.4 42.4 38.8 26.5 14.1 12.1 9.4 9.4 4.5 4.0 3.6 2.8 2.8 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.2 + 293.7 103.2 730.8 176.1 164.3 148.0 68.1 67.6 61.2 14.7 11.9 8.1 6.3 2.1 2.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 403.5 318.4 23.4 17.5 16.3 10.9 5.4 4.8 4.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 180.1 166.7 161.2 5.0 0.3 0.1 1.6 3.0 2.5 5.6 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 6,397.1 II 7,378.8 6,985.5 6,865.4 6,643.0 6,800.0 6,870.5 15.0 (753.0) (738.0) 28.2 (726.7) (698.5) 17.8 22.9 (784.3) (784.9) (766.4) (762.0) 32.3 (782.0) (749.7) 24.1 24.6 (783.7) (787.0) (759.6) (762.5) 5,659.2 II 6,680.3 6,219.0 6,103.4 5,893.3 6,040.4 6,108.0 ------- Global Warming Potentials (1 00-Year Time Horizon) Carbon Information • Conversion Factors to Energy Units and Carbon Contents by Fuel Type ^•CK^H C02 N20 HFC-23 HFC-32 HFC-43-10mee HFC-125 HFC-134a HFC-143a HFC-152a HFC-227ea HFC-236fa CF < C2F6 C F 3 8 C'F 4 8 C5F,2 C6F14 SF 6 NF3 1 nr ZO 298 14,800 675 1,640 3,500 1,430 4,470 124 3,220 9,810 7,390 12,200 8,830 8,860 10,300 9,160 9,300 22,800 17,200 o a warming po en la ( ) is e ne ^g va|ues jn ^|S ^Q^e provjde conversion factors from physical units to energy equivalent units and from energy units to carbon contents. as the cumulative radiative forcing effects of These factors can be us£d as defau|, factorSi if |oca, dat£ Jre not avai|abte > a gas over a specified time horizon resulting 1 from the emission of a unit mass of gas IWPH HNHMH relative to a reference gas. The GWP-weighted ^^gLj^^ ^^^^^^^| 1 emissions of direct greenhouse gases in the U.S. Inventory are presented in terms of equivalent emissions of carbon dioxide (C02), , using units of million metric tons of carbon i, dioxide equivalents (MMT C02 Eq.). m:-'-~] Conversion: 1 million metric tons = 1 06 metric tons = 1 09 kg 1 The molecularweight of carbon is 12, and the 1 molecular weight of oxygen is 1 6; therefore, the molecular weight of C02 is 44 (i.e., 1 2 + [1 6 x 2]), as compared to 1 2 for carbon alone. Thus, the weight ratio of carbon to carbon dioxide is 12/44. 1 Conversion from gigagrams of gas to million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents: MMT C02 Eq . = (of g9as) x (GWP) x (] m Gg) Source: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) Solid Fuels Anthracite Coal Bituminous Coal Sub-bituminous Coal Lignite Coke Unspecified Coal Gas Fuels Natural Gas Liquid Fuels Mo tor Gasoline Distillate Fuel Oil Residual Fuel Oil Jet Fuel Aviation Gasoline LPG Kerosene Still Gas Petroleum Coke Pentanes Plus Unfinished Oils Million Btu/Metric Ton 24.88 26.33 18.89 14.18 25.76 27.58 Btu/Cubic Foot 1,032 Million Btu/Petroleum Barrel 5.06 5.83 6.29 5.67 5.05 3.54 5.67 6.00 6.02 4.62 5.83 1 Carbon (C) Content Coefficients kg C/Million Btu 28.28 25.44 26.50 26.65 31.00 25.34 14.46 kg C/Million Btu 19.46 20.17 20.48 19.70 18.86 16.83 19.96 18.20 27.85 19.10 20.31 Carbon Dioxide (C02) per Physical Unit 1 kgC02/MetricTon 2,579.9 2,456.1 1,835.5 1,385.6 2,928.1 2,562,5 0.0547 kg C02/Petroleum Barrel 361.0 431.2 472.3 409.6 349.2 218.5 415.0 400.4 614.7 323.6 434.2 Note: For fuels with variable heat contents and carbon content coefficients, this table presents 201 4 U.S. average values. All factors are presented in gross calorific values (GCV) (i.e., higher heating values). LPG - liquefied petroleum gases. *" ->^ ' Et» 59» Energy Units Unit Conversions Btu MBtu MMBtu BBtu TBtu QBtu British thermal unit 1 Btu Thousand Btu lx!03Btu Million Btu lx!06Btu Billion Btu IxlO'Btu Trillion Btu lx!012Btu Quadrillion Btu lx!015Btu 1 pound =0.454 kilograms 1 kilogram =2. 205 pounds 1 short ton = 0.9072 metric tons 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 cubic meters 1 cubic meter =35. 31 5 cubic feet 1 U.S. gallon =3.78541 liters 1 liter =0.2642 U.S. gallons 1 barrel =31.5 U.S. gallons 1 barrel petroleum = 42 U.S. gallons = 1 6 ounces = 35.27 ounces = 2,000 pounds = 28.31 68 liters = 1,000 liters = 0.031 75 barrels = 0.0084 barrels = 119 liters = 1 59 liters = 0.02381 barrels petroleum = 0.0063 barrels petroleum = 0.75 barrels petroleum For more information on calculating C02 emissions per kWh, download eGRID at www.epa.gov/energy/egrid. For other related information, see www.epa.gov/climatechange and http://unfccc.int. ------- |