EPA/600/B-15/299
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Tutorial
Using NLDAS and NCDC Meteorological Data
Gene Whelan
Kurt Wolfe
Rajbir Parmar
Michael Galvin
Marirosa Molina
Richard Zepp
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
National Exposure Research Laboratory
Athens, GA
Keewook Kim
University of Idaho
Idaho National Laboratory
Center for Advanced Energy Studies
Idaho Falls, Idaho
Paul Duda
Mark Gray
AQUA TERRA Consultants, a Division of RESPEC, INC.
Decatur, GA 30030
11/20/15

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                                       Summary
This tutorial reviews how screens, icons, and basic functions of the SDMProjectBuilder (SDMPB) use
NLDAS and NCDC meteorological (MET) data to support microbial fate and transport, in a watershed, by
the HSPF watershed model. The application is performed using watersheds of different scales, including
HUC-8, HUC-12 and pour-point delineations. A discussion of the procedure for accessing and retrieving
MET data from NOAA's NCDC web site is also provided.

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                    Using NLDAS and NCDC Meteorological Data


PURPOSE

Automate data acquisition for data input requirements of a confederation of models


OBJECTIVE

Use NLDAS and NCDC meteorological data to support microbial fate and transport in a watershed for
use in the WinHSPF model (a.k.a. HSPF).


DEMONSTRATION

This tutorial reviews how screens, icons, and basic functions of the SDMProjectBuilder (SDMPB) use
NLDAS and NCDC meteorological (MET) data to support microbial fate and transport, in a watershed, for
use by the HSPF watershed model. The application is performed using watersheds of different scales,
including HUC-12 and pour-point delineations. A discussion of the procedure for accessing and retrieving
MET data from NOAA's NCDC web site is also provided.


SOFTWARE ACCESS, RETRIEVAL, AND DOWNLOAD

Instructions for accessing, retrieving, and downloading the SDMProjectBuilder, HSPF, and BASINS
software products are provided by Whelan et al. (2015a). When installed, three desktop icons should
appear:
TUTORIAL - TABLE OF CONTENTS

REMOTE-SENSING/RADAR SATELLITE AND GAUGE METEOROLOGICAL DATA

NLDAS MET DATA FOR A HUC-12

NLDAS AND NCDC MET DATA FOR POUR POINT
   •   Viewing NLDAS and NCDC MET Stations for a Pour Point
   •   Comparing NLDAS and NCDC MET Stations for a Pour Point

POST-2009 NCDC MET DATA

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REMOTE-SENSING/RADAR SATELLITE AND GAUGE METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Meteorological (MET) data required by watershed assessments have traditionally been provided by
land-based National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) weather (gauge) stations, although they may not be
the most appropriate for describing adequate spatial and temporal resolution if MET stations are too
few, too far away, or operating improperly. To complement land-based stations, remote sensing and
radar satellite data are increasingly used to obtain synoptic data with the spatial and temporal
resolution required for site-specific and/or event-based assessments.

Price et al. (2013) investigated whether NEXRAD (NEXt generation RADar) Multisensor Precipitation
Estimates (MPE) data improve the accuracy of streamflow simulations using the Soil and Water
Assessment Tool watershed model, compared to rain gauge data. MPE contains data reviewed by
human forecasters, combines radar-based estimates with hourly gauge station data on a 4-km grid, and
provides all spatial data by time increment. MPE is GRIdded-Binary (GRIB)-based data which is difficult
to access and retrieve for individual locations. Across watersheds and time steps, the authors found that
total gauge precipitation was greater than radar precipitation, but radar data showed a conditional bias
of higher rainfall estimates during large events (>25-50 mm/day). Radar-based simulations were more
accurate than gauge-based simulations for high flows, however. At coarser time steps, differences were
less pronounced which suggest that modeling efforts in watersheds with poor rain gauge coverage can
be improved with MPE radar data, especially at short time steps.

Kim et al. (2014) performed a follow-up study and compared the viability of automating use of radar
satellite data and land-based gauge stations to support MET data collection for modeling applications,
especially where gauge stations were inadequate. They compared MPE and the North  American  Land
Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) to gauge data at Milwaukee and Manitowoc, Wisconsin USA. NLDAS
contains automatic quality control, uses hourly gauge station  data and modeled precipitation, provides
estimates at hourly intervals with a l/8th-degree resolution, and provides time series at  specified
locations. Unlike MPE's dataset, NLDAS is directly accessible and provides time series at a location. The
comparison showed excellent correlation between gauge and radar data at Milwaukee, while
Manitowoc results strongly suggested using radar over gauge data. Based partly on these and similar
studies, and because a large number of watersheds are ungauged, are too far from gauging stations or
operate improperly, the SDMProjectBuilder was reconfigured to allow using NCDC datasets or NLDAS
datasets coupled with NCDC to compile MET data.

After subwatersheds are determined, SDMProjectBuilder determines the MET data station closest to
each subwatershed, eliminating those that might not have appropriate meteorological information or
the needed date span, and downloads data for that station. Because not all MET stations will have the
information needed to model the desired HSPF processes, SDMProjectBuilder automatically finds at
least one with all HSPF MET information. Data for all stations are combined into a single met WDM file
to use in HSPF.

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NLDAS MET DATA FOR HUC-12

Pre-2009 NCDC MET data have been cached within the BASINS infrastructure. The example below uses
BASINS MET to illustrate how the nearest MET gauge station is assigned to different areas of a HUC-12.
Following an abbreviated procedure for identifying a HUC-12 (see Whelan et al., 2015c), a distribution of
MET stations is illustrated.
1.  Execute the SDMProjectBuilder (SDMPB) by clicking on the shortcut icon displayed on the computer
    screen, and create a folder where you have administrative rights:
    .i-.lttf'..,,.. 1:1.
       iltifcll
2.  From the Menu Bar, select "SDMProjectBuilder", then "New SDM Project".
       Import Local Data Files
       Run Project Builder
       Options
3.  Create a new file within the working folder.
4.  Under "SDMProjectBuilder", select "Nav Helper".
   SDM Pro
        Import Local Data Files
        Run Project Builder
5.  Fill out the screen as shown, choose "Zoom", then "Get Data".
 Navigation Helper
    Base Layers
      State:
                                         Zoom
      County:  Manitowoc County
                                         Zoom
      HUC8:
      Layeis:
             H NHD+   0 HUC 12s
                           dose
Get Data
                                        Show tributes

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6.   A screen similar to the following will appear.
             u O  i • * • k. 13 a <^ •!• 1
    [
7.   Deselect all map layers except "hue 12 for 04030101" and "Close" the "Navigation Helper".
   SOW Project Builder
  File SDMProjectBuilder Extensions
   o  o  [J i ^ ii E ^ •••*''
  Legend Selection	
  -] ^ MapLayefs;
    ffl D c^chment for 04030101 .
    ffl Q nhrf«aterbo!ivfor0403D1
    a D nhctflmviirw for 04030101
    S Shuc12
      D
    B D States
      D
    B D HUC-8
    B D Counties
      D
         IReaity.      X:-98621642612 Y:5436693.0163B nhdwaterbodyfor04030101:0features selected X:-98621&
8.   From the Menu Bar, choose "SDMProjectBuilder", then "Run Project Builder".
   SDM Pro

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9.   After repeating Steps 1 through 7 above, the HUC-12 corresponding to the Hydrologic Unit Code
    (HUC) Catalog Unit (CU) of 04030101 is defined as follows [see Whelan et al. (2015b) for more
    details]:
      Ready.	X: -9S62164.2612 V; 543669?, 01633 nhthvaterfacfrf or WC30101: Of attires alerted X: -96621&
10. Select the HUC-12 noted below:
11. From the Menu Bar, choose "SDMProjectBuilder", then "Run Project Builder".
    1 Project 6

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12. The screen below appears. Choose "HUC-12".
 EH Build Frames SDM Project
   Select Area Of Interest On Map Or Enter Kerfs) Below
   Select By: O HUC-8 © HUC-12  O Catchment O County O Current Map Layer O Pour Point O Box
   1 Selected:
   040301010406 : Headwaters Killsnake Rivei
          :"iect     One Project Pei
    Cancel
                                                                   Next
13. Choose "Next" and the screen below appears. Change it to the following:
  M Build Frames SDM Project
   Parameters For Model Generation
   3      Minimum Catchment Size (square kilometers)
   3      Minimum Flowline Length ^kilometers)
   0.1     Ignore Landuse Areas Below Fraction
   1990    Simulation Start Year
   2000    Simulation End Year
21 HSPF Output Interval: Hourly   •*
      Snow:

U SWAT
                            (3 Microbes
                            C] Land-Applied Chemical
                                                         Chemical Properties
                           \gwhelan*errtechnologie^5dmpb'>binxmodei5'.SWAT' Databases \sw3t20Q5.mdb  |   [
14. Pick "Next", and the screen below appears.  Do not change the "Save Project As" text box.
a-i Build Frames SDM Project
Data Options
Soil
o STATSGO
; • SSURGO
Elevation
Delineation
Save Project As
^ | ^ | B imi^\
Meteorologic
•a BASINS
NCDC Enter NCDC Token Hers
El NLDAS Precipitation
NHDPIus Elevation
NHDPIus
C:\Users\gwhdan\iemTechnologies'\SDMPB\TESTB\TESTB.m«pij
Cancel | [J] Add Layers To Map During Project Creation
-
T
a
Previous ' BuM
15. Choose "Build" which may take several minutes to complete, depending on the computer.
16. Some computers may ask several times if the re-project map layer should match the map coordinate
    system; choose "Yes" each time.

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17. When the SDMPB has finished running, choose "Open in BASINS" and BASINS will automatically
   open with the SDMPB map layers for this assessment. The following screen appears:
        _.a s ;.^i       J.-  •-...«:.£
18.  It may be difficult to differentiate NLDAS MET stations from other points on the map layer, (e.g.,
    domestic animal/septic locations), so
       •   uncheck other map layers since NLDAS symbols may be hidden behind other symbols and
       •   increase the size of the NLDAS symbol by double-clicking on the NLDAS Grid Center symbol
           (see blue arrow below):
19. This screen appears; change the "Size" to 20, and click "Ok".
              I^^^H
              .S^.?!? - Character . Icons Options
       ^  ^

   Rotation   0   :

   Fore color  ^^H -
                Point shape   + Regular
                Number of sides J4

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20. The following screen appears with larger symbols for the NLDAS stations:
                     2.2.Z:~L,&^.^.JL-.~ _:_<£. fit
21. By clicking "File," then "Manage Data" on the menu bar, we can see that the MET data are loaded
    into the project and that there are 14 MET time series in the file.
  File Analysis Help
22. Choose "File", then "Exit" to return to the main screen.

23. To color-code the MET stations, double-click "NLDAS Grid Center" label (see blue arrow below)
 +:•• £ £  .  .   .     •:    _2 .•         ^ Jjf^ j     ^ s.

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24. Choose "Categories" tab and
        1.  check "Unique values"
        2.  select "LOCATION"
        3.  check "Gradient"
        4.  choose "Color scheme"
        5.  click "Generate"
        6.  check the boxes with non-zero counts
        7.  choose "Apply"
  General Mode .appearance 'Catena/. Labels Charts AibiUy
25. Choose "Labels", then "Setup."
Layer properties: NLDAS Grid Center
General j Mode [ Clearance j Cxtegpnes , Labels i chals j ViabiBy


GT; Labels viable Q Frane viable
|tO hfj| S« || ~t '|

La,,
f tf& ] \ Ck |[ Cancel
26. Double-click on "Location", then "Apply", then "Ok."
 Label style
   b/J Labels visible


   JIO  "v Font size

   Transparency
Expression font
Expression
[LOCATION]
Fields
U£*rjjgH^H



fam, | Postal | \febitty | Syk»


_ [
Example
[A^a] •*• "ha" +
[Population J/100Q
Description



Dear
ti&M[Jne '
+ "thsnd."

[Area] -the name of field
"ha" -string constant

                                                 10

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27. Choose the Position, then click "Ok."
-abel generation
Position
l_
BBS
SHE
= |EDUaJ
Cancel |
28. Click "Ok."
 Layer properties: NLDAS Grid Center
    Labels preview
  General | Mode | Appearance] Categories  Labels Charts | Vistttty]
               •X294Y152
        Labels visible   J Frame visibte
29. The two  MET stations (diamond symbols below) that influence the seven subwatersheds are now
     labeled and color-coded (one light red and one  purple).
 File „< Watershed Delineation   Models   Cor
                                    .. - Analysis  Layer View  Bookmarks  Plug-ins  Shapefile Editor Converter

                               '^    IJ   Sf   %   .^   ^   i;    [jl?   0
                   Add Remove Clear  Symbology  Categories Query Properties Table Select Deselect Measure Identify Label Mover

                      *" if ! fel «b *J  =W  -   J  » •
      Out Extent  i . •=  Previous    Laysr  Mev. i,  Add '  ...-'.:  Paste Merge '.;..-.    :    -      Moveverie* - ..i
  dH CatalogingUnitBoundans
    a
  BL.I County Names

  3D County Boundaries

  3D EPAHegionBoundarie
QH unnamed - ' X; 629,235,503 V: 2,569.926,002 Meters Lafc 44.085 Long: -3S.107
                                                                  11

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30. To see which subwatersheds (i.e., subbasins)  are associated with which MET stations, double-click
     on "Simplified Catchment" (see blue arrow below):
 I BASINS 4.1 - TESTA*
 File   Watershed D

                                                                                            Help
                                       jnch  . •• Analysis  Layer  View  Bookmarks  Plug-ins  Shapefile Editor  Converter

      A  fc •   9    ;3   D    Q    &     *-%%*•   ^    D   EJI?   O     ^-
 New  Open  Save Print  Settings  Add Remove  Clear  Symbology Categories  Query Properties Table  Select Oe;elen Measure Identity Label Mover



 Pan | In | Out  Extent Selected Previous Next Layer  New Insert Add Remove Copy Paste Merge Erass Erasebeneath Move  Rotate Resce Movevertex Add vertex Remove vertex Cleanup
  •* ,_/ Observed Data Stations
  IB[7 NLDASGndCenter
     Categories. LOCATION

     ^ X293Y152

     ^ X294Y152

  13 D Weather Station Sites 2006

  ED Septic
  ED Animals
      *
  ED Point Sources
      *
  SC NAWQA Study Ar
     a
  EC AccOuntingLJnjiBoundHies


     a
  BLl County Names
Bounc
  QC County Boundaries
     cn
  BD EPARsgion Boundaries
 J unnamed ' X: 629,235,503 Y: 2,369,926.002 Meters Lat 44.085 Long:-83.107
31. The following screen appears:
  Layer properties: Simplified Catchment
    General  | Mode  | Appearance | Categories |  Labels | Charts | Visibility
                                      Show preview
                                                       Name
                                                        Simplified Catchment

                                                         Source
                                                        Type: polygon shapefile
                                                        Number of shapes: 7
                                                        Selected :0
                                                        Source: C:\Users \gwhelan''jemTechnologies'\5DMPB
                                                        \TESTA\NHDPIus\nhdplus04Q30101\drainage
                                                        '••usecatchment NoShort .shp
                                                        Bounds X: 613755.11 to S25694.36 m
                                                        Bounds Y: 2365124.84to 2376405.15m
                                                         Description

                                                                                   Ok
                                                                                                   Cancel
                                                                       12

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32. To color-code subwatersheds to match the color-coded MET stations, choose the "Categories" tab
    and
        1.  check "Unique values"
        2.  select "ModelSeg"
        3.  check "Gradient"
        4.  choose "Color scheme"
        5.  click "Generate"
        6.  check the boxes with non-zero counts
        7.  choose "OK"
  Layer properties: Simplified Catchment
   General Mode  Appearance Categories Labels | Charts | ViabiHy

     Fields          QassJication         Color scheme
     NLCD_51
     NLCD_61
     NLCD_71
     NLCD_S1
     NLCD_82
     NLCD_S3
     NLCD_84
     NLCDJ5
     NLCD_91
     NLCD.92
     PCT_CN
     PCT_MX
     SUM_PCT
     PRECIP
     TEMP
     SUBBASIN
     SL01
     AREAACRES
     AREAMI2
     BNAME
 I   I Unclassified

U   I X293Y152

11   I X294Y152
                                   Apply
33. In the resulting image, see that the subwatersheds have been color-coded to the nearest NLDAS
    locations.
                                                +       ."  •
                              . M»     .  •• -  •    M.....T*.         .. :
 *.*.-,.     ,      ii   M
Appendix A illustrates how the HSPF UCI file captures and assigns the two NLDAS stations to the
subwatersheds (Whelan et al., 2015c).
                                                   13

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NLDAS AND NCDC MET DATA FOR POUR POINT

A similar procedure can be performed for a pour point (see Whelan et al., 2015d). This section also
compares remote-sensing NLDAS stations to the monitoring NCDC station.
Viewing NLDAS and NCDC MET Stations for a Pour Point

34. After repeating Steps 1 through 7 above, the HUC-8 corresponding to the Hydrologic Unit Code
   (HUC) Catalog Unit (CU) of 04030101 is defined as follows [see Whelan et al. (2015b) for more
   details]:
35. In this example, we assess only the four uppermost 12-digit HUCs in the Manitowoc watershed
    (highlighted in the figure below).
                                            14

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36. Follow procedures outlined in Whelan et al. (2015d) to identify the pour point corresponding to the
    subwatershed outlined in the figure above. From the Menu Bar, choose "SDMProjectBuilder", then
    "Run Project Builder".
37. Use the choices identified below, choose "Select Pour Point On Map", go to the map and choose the
    pour point location, zoom to it, then click "Next".
  Select Area Of Interest On Map Oi Enter Key(s] Below

  SelectBj*: O HUC-8  O HUC-12 O Catchment        Current Map Laye 0PowrPoint QE
  Press the button t.e'ow v:t;?n r^jd',' to : elect .3 pour point.
            |20Q  km  [ Select Pour Point On Map~
38. Complete the "Build FRAMES SDM Project" screen as shown.
 ^ Build Frames SDM Project
  Parameters For Model Generation

  3    Minimum Catchment Size (square kilometer

  3    Minimum Bowline Length (kilometers)

  0.1    Ignore Landuse ^reas Below Fraction

  1990   Simulation Start Year

       Simulation FJid Year
  2CUO
b/j HSPF Output Interval: Hourly  -r

     Snow:  Degree Day   -
                        [/ Microbes

                        P| Land -Applied Chemical
                                                  Chemical Properties
  LI SWAT •  T :.-(j5 Database [c\*
39. Click "Next" and the following screen appears. Change the screen to that below; make no changes to
    the "Save Project As" text box unless there is a special folder location.
nJ Build Frames
Data Options
Soil
•*. STATSGO
SSURGO
Elevation
Delineation
Save Projed fa
| Caned ~]
SDM Project
Meteorologic
••• BASINS
NCDC Enter NCDC Token Here
V] NLDAS Ptedpttstion
NHDPIus Bevation
NHDPIus
CMJsere^whelan^em Technologies \SDMPB\TESTC\TESTCjnwpn
0 Md Lovere To Hap During Project Qeattai
[. = i S |^B-


-
T
CD
[ Previous j Build
                                                      15

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40. Now choose "Build" which takes approximately 25 minutes to complete for a pour point with four
    HUC-12s, depending on the computer.

41. Some computers may ask several times if the re-project map layer should match the map coordinate
    system; choose "Yes" each time.
42. When the SDMPB has finished running, choose "Open in BASINS", and BASINS automatically opens
    with the SDMPB map layers for this assessment:
43. Following the same procedures outlined in previous sections, NLDAS and NCDC BASINS MET stations
    can be color-coded and mapped as shown below, where diamond symbols represent the NLDAS
    MET stations, and the yellow square (WI471568) represents the NCDC station. Color-coded areas
    correspond to the  NLDAS stations, not the NCDC station.
 File . ' Watershed Delineation  ' Model; . Compute  - Launch Jj Analysis  Layer View Bookmarks Plug-in; Shapefile Editor Converted Help
 New Open Save Print Settings


 ._Pan| In  Out Extent Select
 Legend
 Layers LT
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Comparing NLDAS and NCDC MET Stations for a Pour Point
Using the case developed under Whelan et al. (2015d), NLDAS and NCDC MET station results are
compared to demonstrate temporal differences between stations at different locations. To demonstrate
differences between NLDAS remote-sensing and NCDC monitoring results, NLDAS station X293Y150 and
NCDC station WI471568 are compared.  NLDAS stations X293Y150 and X293Y152 are also compared
since they represent southern- and northern-most stations in the watershed.
44. To compare NLDAS station X293Y150 and NCDC station WI471568, choose "Analysis" from the
    BASINS menu bar, then "Graph".
 i.1 Analysis | Layer  View
   Data Tree
   DFLOVJ
 L, < Climate Assessment Tool
   List
   Graph

 i» * Watershed Chararterizatio
 . < Synoptic
 , * Seasonal Attributes
 k < Redassrfy land Use
   STORET Homep
   Standard Indust
y, ^ Projection Parameters
n. <
. -
L. * Water Quality Cr
V*
         al Classification Codes
   Watershed Characterization System (WCS)
   US6S Surface Water Statistics (SWSTAT)
45. See Whelan et al. (2015c) for guidance on selecting data to graph. Under "Scenario", select "NLDAS"
    and "OBSERVED". Under "Constituent", choose "PREC". Under the "Matching Data" section, a list of
    stations will appear. Choose "OBSERVED" for "WI471568" and "NLDAS" for "X293Y150". The results
    below should appear under "Selected Data". Because it will be nearly impossible to compare results
    from more than 10 years of records, change the start and end dates to cover only the month of
    August 1995; under "Dates to Include", change the "Start" and "End" dates to "1995/08/01" and
    "1995/08/31", respectively. Click "Ok".
 •I Select Data To Graph
  File Attributes  Select  Help
 Select ^tribute Values to Filer Available Data
 [Scenario
 NLDAS

 Selected Data (2 of 4653)
 NLDAS
 OBSERVED
              X293Y150
              WW71568
PREC
PREC
rtar
Hour
  Dates to Include
    [   All   ] [ Common
  Start 1348/08/01  19S3/12.'31
  End 2009/12/31  2000/12/31
   Appry month/day range to each year
  D Change Time Step To: 1    Day
                      »l [Average/Same
                                                 17

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46. Choose "Timeseries" and "Generate".
     Choose Graphs to Create
    3 Timeseries
    ^] Row/Duration
     J Frequenc>r
    _] Running Sum
      Residual |JS2 - TS1) (two datasets needed but 1 datasets sek
     ^] Cumulative Difference (two datasets needed but 1 datasets se
     ^| Scatter ITS2 vs TS1) ft wo datasets needed but 1 datasets seli
                               D Multiple WQ Plots
       AH
None
Cancel
Generate
47. The following graph, including both NLDAS and NCDC plots, appears. The "PREC" has units of inches.
File Edit View

1.4


r°


0

Analysis (1995Aug21 03385^) Help

	 HQURLYOBSERVEDPRECatWl471568
	 HQURLYNLDASPRECatX293Y150





..! .ILL... i..,. i









LJLUL 1 1 U..H.








|
.!">









.1, li(U,.lJ .rl 111 ,, (111 .
August 1995
HOURLY







1
L
28








1
29 30 31










48. Using the editor described in Whelan et al. (2015c), the graph can be modified for a better view of
    the results. The hourly NCDC observed data are the red curve, and the hourly NLDAS data are the
    blue curve. The NLDAS station does not necessarily record the precipitation that hits the ground, but
    Kim et al. (2014) noted anomalies in monitoring stations in the Manitowoc basin. Exit by clicking the
    "X" in the upper right-hand corner which returns to the "Select Data To Graph" screen.

                                                                               2E  27  28 29  30  31
                                                18

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49. To compare NLDAS stations X293Y150 and X293Y152, make the following selections, ensuring that
    the start and end dates refer to August 1995. Click "OK".
 4 Select Data To Graph
 OBSERVED
 SDMPROJE
 SDMPrajecl


 Matching Dda (6 o! 4653)
 NLDAS
 NLDAS
 NLDAS
X2MY151
X295Y151
X293Y151
 Selected Data (2 of 4653}
 NLDAS        X2MY1S
 NLDAS        X293Y150
          AGWO
          AG^VS
          AIRT
PREC
PREC
           PREC
           PREC
                               Do,,
                                Mor,th
50. Choose "Timeseries" and "Generate".
  * Choose Graphs to Create
  |7| Timeseries
  2] Row/Duration
  3] Frequency
  3 Running Sum
  H Residual {TS2 - TS1) ftwo datasets needed but 1 datasets sete
  " ' ; Cumulative Difference ft wo datasets needed but 1 datasets
  j Scatter (TS2 vs TS1)ftwo datasets needed but 1 datasets sel*
51. The NLDAS precipitation plots appear. The "PREC" has units of inches. Using the editor described in
    Whelan et al. (2015c), the graph can be modified to better view results. Hourly results associated
    with the southern station X293Y150 are in blue and hourly results associated with the northern
    station X293Y152 are in red. Although this is a relatively small watershed, localized effects on
    precipitation are evident and become more pronounced within the larger Manitowoc River
    watershed (not shown). Exit by clicking the "X" in the upper right-hand corner. Now exit the
    program.
         nalysis (1995 Aug 10, 059901) Help
                     Jll     I
                                                      August 1995
                                                      Year
                                                    19

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POST-2009 NCDC MET DATA
Pre-2009 NCDC data and additional MET information are cached with the BASINS install, so direct access
to the NCDC web site is unnecessary. For times post-2008, direct access to the NCDC web site to obtain
MET data. The NCDC data are not as complete as the cached, pre-2009 BASINS data,  so even if pre-2009
NCDC data are directly requested from the NCDC site, the results may not exactly match those based on
BASINS. The SDMProjectBuilder allows direct access to  the  NCDC web site if the  user has registered with
NCDC and obtained an access token  (i.e., ID number), as illustrated below:
  Data Options
   Soil       Meteorobgic
  0  STATSGO     BASINS
   ; •  SSURGO I 9 Mr-rjc
                   xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
             • NLDAS Precipitation
  B&ntson     NHDPIus Elevation

  Delineation    NHDPlua
   Save Project As  C '^Use^gwhdan ^emT^nobgies^SDMPB\TESTD\TESTD.mwpn


    Canes'  \  !7| Add Layers To Map During Project Creation
Once obtained, the same token is good every time and additional tokens are not needed to access the
site again. The link to obtain a token is

http://www7.ncdc.noaa.gov/wsregistration/ws  home.html

When the site is accessed, the following screen appears:
          NOAA Satellite and Information Service  v'V
          National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS
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After the token is received, the following screen capture illustrates its use which is automatically
handled by the SDMProjectBuilder:
                                         38(1)
               NNDC ClIMATl DATA ONUNl

               fat *> *O>C

DISCLAIMER

This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and
approved for publication.
REFERENCES

Kim, K., K. Price, G. Whelan, M. Galvin, K. Wolfe, P. Duda, M. Gray, Y. Pachepsky. 2014. Using Remote
Sensing and Radar Meteorological Data to Support Watershed Assessments Comprising IBM. In: Ames,
D.P., Quinn, N.W.T.,  Rizzoli, A.E. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Environmental
Modelling and Software, June 15-19, San Diego, California, USA. ISBN: 978-88-9035-744-2.

Price, K.,  Purucker, ST., Kraemer, S.R., Babendreier, J.E., Knightes, C.D., 2013. Comparison of
radar and gauge precipitation data in watershed models across varying spatial and temporal
scales. Hydrol. Process. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9890.

Whelan, G., K. Kim, K. Wolfe, R. Parmar, M. Galvin. 2015a. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment
Tutorial:  Installation  of Software  for Watershed Modeling in Support of QMRA. EPA/600/B-15/276. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA.

Whelan, G., K. Kim, K. Wolfe, R. Parmar, M. Galvin, M. Molina, R. Zepp. 2015b. Navigate the SDMPB and
Identify an 8-Digit HUC of Interest. EPA/600/B-15/273. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens,
GA.

Whelan, G., K. Kim, R. Parmar, K.  Wolfe, M. Galvin, M. Gray, P. Duda, M. Molina, R. Zepp. 2015c.
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Tutorial: Land-applied Microbial Loadings within a 12-Digit HUC.
EPA/600/B-15/298. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA.
                                              21

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Whelan, G., K. Kim, K. Wolfe, R. Parmar, M. Galvin, M. Molina, R. Zepp, P. Duda, M. Gray. 2015d.
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Tutorial: Pour Point Analysis of Land-applied Microbial Loadings
and Comparison of Simulated and Gaging Station Results. EPA/600/B-15/290. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Athens, GA.
                                              22

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                                     APPENDIX A
                        NLDAS Stations Recorded in the HSPF UCI File
                                  (Whelan et al., 2015c)

Looking at the UCI, we see two sets of pervious and impervious land types (PERLND and IMPLND,
respectively), which correspond to the two NLDAS locations in use.

  (RUN

  GLOBAL
    UCI Created by WinHSPF  for 040301010406
    START        1990/01/01  00:00  END    2000/12/31 24:00
    RUN INTERP OUTPT  LEVELS     1    0
    RESUME      C RUN      1                             UNITS     1
  END  GLOBAL
FILES
 **"Jf< 	 F]
- -r TJI VTTi TiJTC1
.lir. WAMU
MESSU 24 040301010406. ech
91 040301010406. out
WDMl 25 040301010406. wdm
WDM2 26 met. wdm
BINO 92 040301010406. hbn
END FILES
OPN SEQUENCE
INGRP
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
IMPLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
PERLND
LMPLND
RCHRES
RCHRES
RCHRES
RCHRES
RCHRES
RCHRES
RCHRES
END INGRP
END OPN SEQUENCE


INDELT 01:00
101 "•
102
103
104
105
106
107
10B
1C2 ..
201 ^
202
204
206
207
208
205
202 —


-o




-o


5
'_
t-.
6
3
2
1


                                         23

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The external sources (EXT SOURCES) block assigns MET data to each subwatershed (subbasin). Since we
only pull precipitation data from NLDAS, the other met constituents are from a BASINS station with the
full suite of meteorological data (Green Bay).
 I
 EXT  SOURCES
 <-Volume-> 
     x  x tern strc[<-
 ***  Met  .Seg; X294Y152
WDM2
WBM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
•*** Met
WDM2
WDM2
WEM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WBM2
+ ** Met
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
*** Met
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
WDM2
21 PREC
6 PEVT
3 ATEM
14 WIND
15 SOLR
17 DEWP
IS CLOU
Secj X293Y152
3l" PREC
6 PEVT
3 ATEM
14 WIND
15 SOLR
17 E3WP
18 CLOU
Secj X294Y152
21 PREC
6 PEVT
3 ATEM
14 WIND
15 SOLR
17 DEWP
IS CLOU
Sag; X293Y152
31 PREC
6 PEVT
3 ATEM
14 WIND
15 SOLR
17 DEWP
18 CLOU
EHGLZERO
EHGL
ENGL
EHGL
ENGL
EHGL
ENGL

ENGL ZERO
ENGL
EHGL
ENGL
EHGL
ENGL
ENGL

EHGLZERO
EHGL
EHGL
EHGL
EHGL
EHGL
EHGL
EHGLZERO
EHGL
EHGL
EHGL
ENGL
ENGL
EHGL
-Mult—>Tran <-Target volj3>  <-Grp> <-Keicber->  ***
factor->strj|    x   31          x x  ***

        SAME PERLND 101 108
                                         SAME  PERLND 101 108  EXTNL  PECINP
        SAME  PERLND 101 108  EXTNL
        SAME  PERLND 101 108  EXTNL
        SAME  PERLND 101 108
        SAME  PERLND 101 108
        SAME  PERLND 101 108
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME

                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME

                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
                                         SAME
              PERLND
              PERLND
              PERLNB
              PERLND
              PERLND
              PERLND
              PERLND

              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND

              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
              IMPLND
201
201
201
201
201
201
201

102
102
102
102
102
102
102

202
202
202
202
202
202
202
208 EXTNL
208 EXTNL
208 EXTNL
208 EXTNL
208
    EXTNL
    EXTNL
    EXTHL
    EXTNL
    EXTNL_
    EXTNL
                                                                      GAIMF
                                                                      WINMOV
           IREC,
           PEIIH?
208 EXTNL   GACMP
           WLHMOV
           SOLRAD
206 EXTNL   CLO~D
    EXTNL   PR2C
            PECTIN]?
            GATMP
    EX.TJSTL^JiTHMOV
    EXTNL   SGLRAD
            DTK?;
            CLO'JD
            PETIMP
                                                               EXTNL  CLOUD
                                           24

-------