EPA/ROD/R02-91/166
1991
EPA Superfund
Record of Decision:
NAVAL AIR ENGINEERING CENTER
EPA ID: NJ7170023744
OU 03
LAKEHURST, NJ
09/30/1991

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19 SEPT, 1991
COMMANDING OFFICER
NAVAL AIR ENGINEERING CENTER
LAKEHURST, NEW JERSEY
WITH THE CONCURRENCE OF:
CONSTANTINE SIDAMON-ERISTOFF	DATE: 30 SEPT., 1991
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATOR
US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION II
#SD
SITE DESCRIPTION
NAEC IS LOCATED IN JACKSON AND MANCHESTER TOWNSHIPS, OCEAN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY, APPROXIMATELY 14 MILES INLAND
FROM THE ATLANTIC OCEAN (FIGURE 1). NAEC IS APPROXIMATELY 7,400 ACRES AND IS BORDERED BY ROUTE 547 TO THE
EAST, THE FORT DIX MILITARY RESERVATION TO THE WEST, WOODLAND TO THE NORTH (PORTIONS OF WHICH ARE WITHIN
COLLIERS MILL WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA), LAKEHURST BOROUGH AND WOODLAND, INCLUDING THE MANCHESTER WILDLIFE
MANAGEMENT AREA, TO THE SOUTH. NAEC AND THE SURROUNDING AREA ARE LOCATED WITHIN THE PINELANDS NATIONAL
RESERVE, THE MOST EXTENSIVE UNDEVELOPED LAND TRACT OF THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC SEABOARD.
NAEC LIES WITHIN THE OUTER COASTAL PLAIN PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCE, WHICH IS CHARACTERIZED BY GENTLY ROLLING
TERRAIN WITH MINIMAL RELIEF. SURFACE ELEVATIONS WITHIN NAEC RANGE FROM A LOW OF APPROXIMATELY 60 FEET ABOVE
MEAN SEA LEVEL IN THE EAST-CENTRAL PART OF THE BASE, TO A HIGH OF APPROXIMATELY 190 FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL
IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF THE BASE. MAXIMUM RELIEF OCCURS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF THE BASE BECAUSE OF
ITS PROXIMITY TO THE MORE ROLLING TERRAIN OF THE INNER COASTAL PLAIN. SURFACE SLOPES ARE GENERALLY LESS THAN
FIVE PERCENT.
NAEC LIES WITHIN THE TOMS RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. THE BASIN IS RELATIVELY SMALL (191 SQUARE MILES) AND THE
RESIDENCE TIME FOR SURFACE DRAINAGE WATERS IS SHORT. DRAINAGE FROM NAEC DISCHARGES TO THE RIDGEWAY BRANCH
TO THE NORTH AND TO THE BLACK AND UNION BRANCHES TO THE SOUTH. ALL THREE STREAMS DISCHARGE INTO THE TOMS
RIVER. SEVERAL HEADWATER TRIBUTARIES TO THESE BRANCHES ORIGINATE AT NAEC. NORTHERN TRIBUTARIES TO THE
RIDGEWAY BRANCH INCLUDE THE ELISHA, SUCCESS, HARRIS AND OBHANAN RIDGEWAY BRANCHES. THE SOUTHERN TRIBUTARIES
TO THE BLACK AND UNION BRANCHES INCLUDE THE NORTH RUCKLES AND MIDDLE RUCKLES BRANCHES AND MANAPAQUA BROOK.
THE RIDGEWAY AND UNION BRANCHES THEN FEED PINE LAKE; LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 2.5 MILES EAST OF NAEC BEFORE
JOINING TOMS RIVER. STORM DRAINAGE FROM NAEC IS DIVIDED BETWEEN THE NORTH AND SOUTH, DISCHARGING INTO THE
RIDGEWAY BRANCH AND UNION BRANCH, RESPECTIVELY. THE PAINT BRANCH, LOCATED IN THE EAST-CENTRAL PART OF THE
BASE, IS A RELATIVELY SMALL STREAM WHICH FEEDS THE MANAPAQUA BROOK.
THREE SMALL WATER BODIES ARE LOCATED IN THE WESTERN PORTION OF NAEC: BASS LAKE, CLUBHOUSE LAKE, AND PICKEREL
POND. NAEC ALSO CONTAINS OVER 1,300 ACRES OF FLOOD-PRONE AREAS, OCCURRING PRIMARILY IN THE SOUTH-CENTRAL
PART OF THE BASE, AND APPROXIMATELY 1,300 ACRES OF PRIME AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE WESTERN PORTION OF THE
BASE.
THERE ARE 913 ACRES ON THE EASTERN PORTION OF NAEC THAT LIE WITHIN MANCHESTER TOWNSHIP AND THE REMAINING
ACREAGE IS IN JACKSON TOWNSHIP. THE COMBINED POPULATION OF LAKEHURST BOROUGH, MANCHESTER AND JACKSON
TOWNSHIPS, IS APPROXIMATELY 65,400, FOR AN AREA OF APPROXIMATELY 185 SQUARE MILES. THE AVERAGE POPULATION
DENSITY OF MANCHESTER AND JACKSON TOWNSHIPS IS 169 PERSONS PER SQUARE MILE, WHEREAS THE DENSITY OF
LAKEHURST BOROUGH IS 3,061 PERSONS PER SQUARE MILE.
THE AREAS SURROUNDING NAEC ARE, IN GENERAL, NOT HEAVILY DEVELOPED. THE CLOSEST COMMERCIAL AREA IS LOCATED
NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN SECTION OF THE FACILITY IN THE BOROUGH OF LAKEHURST. THIS IS PRIMARILY A RESIDENTIAL
AREA WITH SOME SHOPS BUT NO INDUSTRY. TO THE NORTH AND SOUTH ARE STATE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREAS WHICH ARE
ESSENTIALLY UNDEVELOPED. ADJACENT TO AND SOUTH OF NAEC ARE COMMERCIAL CRANBERRY BOGS, THE DRAINAGE FROM
WHICH CROSSES THE SOUTHEAST SECTION OF NAEC PROPERTY.
FOR THE COMBINED AREA OF MANCHESTER AND JACKSON TOWNSHIPS, APPROXIMATELY 41 PERCENT OF THE LAND IS VACANT

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(UNDEVELOPED), 57 PERCENT IS RESIDENTIAL, ONE PERCENT IS COMMERCIAL AND THE REMAINING ONE PERCENT IS
INDUSTRIAL OR FARMED. FOR LAKEHURST BOROUGH, 83 PERCENT OF THE LAND IS RESIDENTIAL, 11 PERCENT IS VACANT,
AND THE REMAINING 6 PERCENT COMMERCIALLY DEVELOPED.
IN THE VICINITY OF THE NAEC, WATER IS GENERALLY SUPPLIED TO THE POPULACE BY MUNICIPAL SUPPLY WELLS. SOME
PRIVATE WELLS EXIST, BUT THESE ARE USED PRIMARILY FOR IRRIGATION AND NOT AS A SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER. IN
LAKEHURST BOROUGH THERE IS A WELL FIELD CONSISTING OF SEVEN 50-FOOT DEEP WELLS, LOCATED APPROXIMATELY
TWO-THIRDS OF A MILE SOUTH OF THE EASTERN PORTION OF NAEC. THREE OF THE SEVEN WELLS (FOUR OF THE WELLS ARE
RARELY OPERATED) ARE PUMPED AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 70 TO 90 GALLONS PER MINUTE AND SUPPLY DRINKING WATER FOR A
POPULATION OF APPROXIMATELY 3,000. JACKSON TOWNSHIP OPERATES ONE SUPPLY WELL IN THE LEGLER AREA,
APPROXIMATELY ONE-QUARTER MILE NORTH OF THE NAEC, WHICH SUPPLIES WATER TO VERY SMALL POPULATION (PROBABLY
LESS THAN 1,000) IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE NAEC.
#SH
SITE HISTORY
THE HISTORY OF THE NAEC DATES BACK TO 1916, WHEN THE EDDYSTONE CHEMICAL COMPANY LEASED FROM THE MANCHESTER
LAND DEVELOPMENT COMPANY PROPERTY TO DEVELOP AN EXPERIMENTAL FIRING RANGE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICAL
ARTILLERY SHELLS. TESTING WAS ACCOMPLISHED IN COOPERATION AND AGREEMENT WITH THE RUSSIAN IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT
UNTIL ITS FALL IN 1919. AT THAT TIME, THE US ARMY ASSUMED CONTROL OF CHEMICAL WARFARE TESTING BY THE
EDDYSTONE CHEMICAL COMPANY AND NAMED THE AREA CAMP KENDRICK. BY THE EARLY FALL OF 1919, CONSTRUCTION OF
HANGAR NO. 1 FOR THE NAVY HAD COMMENCED. CAMP KENDRICK WAS TURNED OVER TO THE NAVY AND FORMALLY COMMISSIONED
NAVAL AIR STATION (NAS), LAKEHURST, NEW JERSEY ON JUNE 28, 1921. NAEC WAS MOVED FROM THE NAVAL BASE,
PHILADELPHIA TO LAKEHURST IN DECEMBER 1974. AT THAT TIME, NAEC BECAME THE HOST ACTIVITY, THUS, THE NEW NAME
NAEC LAKEHURST.
CURRENTLY, NAEC'S MISSION IS TO CONDUCT PROGRAMS OF RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, DEVELOPMENT TESTING AND
EVALUATION, SYSTEMS INTEGRATION, LIMITED PRODUCTION, PROCUREMENT AND FLEET ENGINEERING SUPPORT IN THE
FOLLOWING AREAS: AIRCRAFT LAUNCHING, RECOVERY AND LANDING AID SYSTEMS; GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT FOR AIRCRAFT
AND FOR AIRBORNE WEAPONS SYSTEMS TO PROVIDE, OPERATE AND MAINTAIN TEST SITES, FACILITIES, AND SUPPORT
SERVICES FOR TESTS OF THE ABOVE SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT; AND CONDUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT AND
INSTRUMENTATION USED IN TESTS. NAEC SUPPORTS DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD) STANDARDIZATION AND SPECIFICATION
PROGRAMS, PROVIDES SERVICES AND MATERIAL, AND OPERATES AND MAINTAINS AVIATION AND OTHER FACILITIES IN SUPPORT
OF ASSIGNED PROGRAMS.
NAEC AND ITS TENANT ACTIVITIES NOW OCCUPY MORE THAN 300 BUILDINGS, BUILT BETWEEN 1919 AND 1979, TOTALING OVER
2,845,000 SQUARE FEET. THE COMMAND ALSO OPERATES AND MAINTAINS: TWO 5,000-FOOT LONG RUNWAYS, A 12,000-FOOT
LONG CATAPULT AND ARREST RUNWAY, ONE ONE-MILE LONG JET CAR TEST TRACK, FOUR ONE AND ONE-QUARTER MILE LONG JET
CAR TEST TRACKS, A PARACHUTE JUMP CIRCLE, A 79-ACRE GOLF COURSE, AND A 3,500-ACRE CONSERVATION AREA.
THE VARIOUS OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES AT NAEC REQUIRED THE USE, HANDLING, STORAGE AND OCCASIONALLY THE
ON-SITE DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES. DURING THE OPERATIONAL PERIOD OF THE FACILITY, THERE HAVE BEEN
DOCUMENTED, REPORTED OR SUSPECTED RELEASES OF THESE SUBSTANCES INTO THE ENVIRONMENT IN SOME AREAS.
#INV
INITIAL INVESTIGATIONS
AS PART OF THE DOD INSTALLATION RESTORATION PROGRAM, THE NAVY DEVELOPED THE NAVY ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL OF
INSTALLATION POLLUTANTS (NACIP) PROGRAM TO "IDENTIFY, ASSESS AND CONTROL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION FROM
PAST METHODS OF STORAGE, HANDLING, AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AT NAVAL SHORE FACILITIES".
AS PART OF THE NACIP PROGRAM, AN INITIAL ASSESSMENT STUDY (IAS) WAS COMPLETED IN 1983 BY THE NAVAL ENERGY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SUPPORT ACTIVITY (NEESA) AT NAEC. THE PURPOSE OF THE IAS WAS TO "IDENTIFY AND ASSESS SITES
POSING A POTENTIAL THREAT TO HUMAN HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT DUE TO CONTAMINATION FROM PAST HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS OPERATIONS".
BASED ON INFORMATION FROM HISTORICAL RECORDS, AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS, FIELD INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL

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INTERVIEWS, THE IAS IDENTIFIED A TOTAL OF 44 POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED SITES, WHICH WERE EVALUATED WITH REGARD
TO CONTAMINATION CHARACTERISTICS, MIGRATION PATHWAYS, AND POLLUTANT RECEPTORS. THE IAS CONCLUDED THAT "WHILE
NONE OF THE SITES POSE AN IMMEDIATE THREAT TO HUMAN HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT, 16 WARRANT FURTHER
INVESTIGATION UNDER THE NACIP PROGRAM, TO ASSESS POTENTIAL IMPACTS". A REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION (RI) WAS
RECOMMENDED "TO CONFIRM OR DENY THE EXISTENCE OF THE SUSPECTED CONTAMINATION AND TO QUANTIFY THE EXTENT OF
ANY PROBLEMS WHICH MAY EXIST". FOLLOWING FURTHER REVIEW OF AVAILABLE DATA BY NAVY PERSONNEL, IT WAS DECIDED
THAT 42 OF THE 44 SITES SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION. TWO POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED SITES
- AN ORDNANCE SITE (SITE 41) AND AN ADVANCED UNDERGROUND STORAGE FACILITY (SITE 43), WERE DELETED FROM THE
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION BECAUSE THEY HAD ALREADY BEEN REHABILITATED. THIS RECORD OF DECISION CONCERNS ONLY
SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27, 30, 34, 40 AND AREA L.
NAEC WAS DESIGNATED IN 1987 AS A NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST (NPL) SITE UNDER CERCLA.
#EIFS
ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
NAEC'S REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION (RI) WAS CONDUCTED IN TWO PHASES. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VERIFICATION PHASE
(PHASE I OF THE RI) WAS INITIATED IN OCTOBER 1984. PHASE II OF THE RI WAS INITIATED IN THE SUMMER OF 1988 TO
(A) CONFIRM THE RESULTS OF THE PHASE I STUDY, SPECIFICALLY THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF CONTAMINATION; (B)
DETERMINE WHERE CONTAMINATION IS PRESENT, CHARACTERIZE THE EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION, ASSESS THE POTENTIAL FOR
CONTAMINANT MIGRATION AND DEFINE THE SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION; AND (C) SUPPORT A FEASIBILITY STUDY AND/OR
FINAL ACTIONS AT THE SITES. SOME ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATIONS WERE CONDUCTED IN JULY AND AUGUST 1991 AS AN
ADDENDUM TO THE PHASE II PROGRAM (I.E., RI PHASE II-ADDENDUM). SUMMARIES OF THE RESULTING ANALYTICAL DATA
FOR SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27, 30, 34, 40 AND AREA L ARE PROVIDED IN TABLES 1 THROUGH 10.
THE INDIVIDUAL SITE HISTORIES AND SUMMARIES OF PAST REMEDIAL AND REMOVAL ACTIVITIES AT EACH OF THE EIGHT
SITES AND AREA L ARE PROVIDED IN THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS.
SITE 15 - DISPOSAL AREA NEAR THE BUILDING 5 62 PARKING LOT
SITE HISTORY
IN 1981, A FORMER NAEC EMPLOYEE STATED THAT OVER A 20-YEAR PERIOD, STARTING IN THE EARLY 1950S, MACHINE
CUTTINGS FROM HANGARS 2 AND 3 WERE DISPOSED OF AT THIS SITE (FIGURE 3), WHICH IS ADJACENT TO THE SOUTH SIDE
OF THE BUILDING 5 62 PARKING LOT. IT WAS ALSO REPORTED THAT THIS AREA WAS AN ALTERNATE SITE FOR THE DISPOSAL
CONDUCTED AT SITE 9 - HANGAR 2 DISPOSAL AREA. HOWEVER, THESE REPORTS WERE NEVER CONFIRMED.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES WHICH INVOLVE THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE. THE SITE IS CURRENTLY PARTIALLY COVERED WITH GRASSY VEGETATION AND SEVERAL
TREES AND THERE IS NO EVIDENCE OF STAINED SOILS OR OTHER DEBRIS.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
PRE-1985: ONE MONITORING WELL (AH) WAS INSTALLED AT THE SITE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE NAEC. THIS WELL HAD
BEEN MONITORED ON A REGULAR BASIS BY NAEC FOR THE PRESENCE OF FLOATING PRODUCT. NONE HAS BEEN DETECTED.
AS PART OF THE CLEANUP OPERATIONS IN EARLY 1981, SEVERAL SMALL PILES OF BROWN RUSTY MATERIAL (BELIEVED TO BE
MACHINE CUTTINGS) WHICH WERE PRESENT AT THE SITE WERE REMOVED IN ONE 55-GALLON DRUM. NO CUTTINGS OR
STAINED SOIL REMAIN AT THE SITE.
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 198 6: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. ONE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM
MONITORING WELL AH AND ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, TOTAL ORGANIC
HALOGENS, LEAD AND PH. NO CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED. SITE OBSERVATIONS DID NOT REVEAL ANY VISUAL EVIDENCE
OF SURFICIAL SOIL CONTAMINATION. FURTHERMORE, NO STAINED OR DISCOLORED SOIL WAS OBSERVED IN THREE SHALLOW
TEST PITS. ORGANIC VAPOR ANALYZER (OVA) READINGS IN TWO TEST PITS EXCAVATED 15 FEET NORTHWEST AND 15 FEET
SOUTHEAST OF WELL AH WERE 1.6 PPM AND 1.0 PPM, RESPECTIVELY. IN THE THIRD TEST PIT, EXCAVATED APPROXIMATELY
30 FEET SOUTHWEST OF WELL AH, OVA READINGS DID NOT EXCEED BACKGROUND LEVELS.

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MAY - JUNE 1988: A SOIL GAS SCREENING SURVEY AT THE SITE DETECTED NO PETROLEUM OR CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS IN
THE SOIL GAS.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM MONITORING WELL AH AND ANALYZED FOR ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND
TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON. THE ONLY CONTAMINANT DETECTED IN THE GROUNDWATER AT LEVELS EXCEEDING ARARS WAS
CHROMIUM. CHROMIUM WAS DETECTED AT AN ESTIMATED CONCENTRATION OF 73.4 PICOGRAM/L IN THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE.
THE ARAR FOR CHROMIUM IN GROUNDWATER IS 50 PICOCGRAM/L.
THREE TEST PITS WERE EXCAVATED AT SITE 15 AND ONE SOIL SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM A DEPTH OF 2.5 FEET FROM ONE
OF THE TEST PITS. NO METAL OR ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THIS SAMPLE. IN
ADDITION, NO STAINING WAS OBSERVED IN ANY OF THE TEST PITS AND NO OVA READINGS ABOVE BACKGROUND LEVELS WERE
RECORDED.
JULY 1990: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II ADDENDUM. TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF DISSOLVED
CHROMIUM IN THE GROUNDWATER AT SITE 15, FILTERED AND UNFILTERED GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM
MONITORING WELL AH. THE SAMPLES WERE ONLY ANALYZED FOR CHROMIUM, WHICH WAS DETECTED AT LEVELS EXCEEDING
ARARS DURING THE AUGUST-DECEMBER 1988 PHASE II REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION. CHROMIUM WAS DETECTED IN THE
UNFILTERED SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION BELOW THE ARAR, BUT WAS NOT DETECTED IN THE FILTERED SAMPLE. CHROMIUM
WAS ALSO DETECTED AT A LEVEL BELOW-OCCURRING METAL AND ITS PRESENCE IN UNFILTERED SAMPLES IS ATTRIBUTABLE
PRIMARILY TO THE PRESENCE OF SEDIMENT IN THE SAMPLES. IT WAS, THEREFORE, CONCLUDED THAT NO GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATION EXISTS AT THIS SITE.
SITE 18 - NAVAL EXCHANGE GAS STATION
SITE HISTORY
IN 1981, INTERVIEWS WITH NAVY EXCHANGE SERVICE STATION PERSONNEL INDICATED THAT THE SERVICE STATION (FIGURE
4) HAD BEEN DISCARDING WASTE OILS AND POSSIBLY BATTERY ACIDS AND SOLVENTS INTO A DECK DRAIN BEGINNING IN
1958. AVAILABLE INFORMATION INDICATED THAT THE DECK DRAIN WAS CONNECTED TO A DRY WELL WHICH WAS LOCATED TO
THE EAST OF THE SERVICE STATION. PRIOR TO 1985, THE USE OF THE DECK DRAIN FOR WASTE DISPOSAL WAS
DISCONTINUED. THE DRY WELL AT THE SITE WAS REMOVED IN OCTOBER 1988. THE SERVICE STATION'S UNDERGROUND
STORAGE TANKS WERE REMOVED IN 1990. AT THE TIME OF THE REMOVAL, THE TANKS APPEARED TO BE IN GOOD CONDITION.
NO EVIDENCE OF TANK LEAKAGE WAS OBSERVED AND NO STAINING OR ODORS WERE NOTED IN SOIL ADJACENT TO THE TANKS.
THIS SITE IS LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 400 FEET SOUTHWEST, AND UPGRADIENT FROM, NAEC'S MAIN POTABLE WATER SUPPLY
WELL (PW-9). CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR
AT, OR ARE BEING PLANNED FOR THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
PRE-1985: ONE MONITORING WELL (AZ) WAS INSTALLED DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE NAEC.
TESTING OF THE WATER FROM POTABLE WATER WELLS PW-5 AND PW-9 WAS INITIATED BY NAEC.
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 198 6: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM THE
TWO POTABLE WATER WELLS LOCATED DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE (PW-5 AND PW-9) AND ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE AND
BASE/NEUTRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, PESTICIDES, HERBICIDES, METALS, CHLORIDE, FLUORIDE, NITRATE, SODIUM,
SULPHATE, PH, RADIOACTIVITY, TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS, SURFACTANTS AND TURBIDITY. NO CONTAMINATION WAS
DETECTED. TWO SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT DEPTHS OF 5 FEET AND 10 FEET FROM A BORING DRILLED IMMEDIATELY
ADJACENT TO THE DRY WELL. ANALYSIS OF THESE SAMPLES FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, PH AND TOTAL PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS REVEALED NO CONTAMINATION.
MAY - JUNE 1988: A SOIL GAS SCREENING SURVEY CONDUCTED AT THE SITE REVEALED LOW LEVELS OF CHLORINATED
HYDROCARBONS IN THE SOIL GAS. ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATIONS WERE RECOMMENDED.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM MONITORING WELLS EK AND AZ, LOCATED DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE. GROUNDWATER SAMPLES FROM WELL EK WERE

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ANALYZED FOR THE GROUP OF COMPOUNDS ON EPA'S TARGET COMPOUND AND TARGET ANA1YTE LISTS (WHICH INCLUDES
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, METALS, PESTICIDES AND PCBS), AS WELL AS TOTAL
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS. THE SAMPLE FROM WELL AZ WAS ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE AND SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS, PESTICIDES, PCBS, PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS. NO CONTAMINATION WAS
DETECTED.
ANALYSIS OF A SLUDGE SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM WITHIN THE DRY WELL PRIOR TO ITS REMOVAL IN OCTOBER 1988 REVEALED
LOW LEVELS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, HIGH LEVELS OF SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS, AND MODERATE TO HIGH LEVELS OF EIGHT METALS. FOLLOWING THE EXCAVATION AND REMOVAL OF THE DRY
WELL IN OCTOBER 1988, ONE SOIL SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM IMMEDIATELY BENEATH THE BASE OF THE DRY WELL, AT A
DEPTH OF APPROXIMATELY 8.5 FEET.
NO STAINING WAS OBSERVED IN THE SOIL OF THE EXCAVATION. THE ONLY CONTAMINANTS DETECTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF
THE POST-REMOVAL SAMPLE WERE PHCS AT 226PICOGRAM/G. SINCE TARGETED SEMI-VOLATILE COMPOUNDS WERE NOT DETECTED
IN THIS SAMPLE, IT APPEARS THAT THE PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS WERE PRIMARILY NON-TARGETED TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED
COMPOUNDS.
THE ANALYTICAL DATA AND THE LACK OF STAINS ON THE FLOOR AND WALLS OF THE EXCAVATION SUGGEST THAT RELEASES OF
CONTAMINANTS FROM THE DRY WELL WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT AND THAT CONTAMINATED SLUDGE WITHIN THE DRY WELL
APPARENTLY DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY IMPACT SOIL OR GROUNDWATER QUALITY AT OR DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE.
SITE 23 - INACTIVE DISPOSAL AREA AT BUILDING 524
SITE HISTORY
IN 1983, INTERVIEWS WITH BASE PERSONNEL AND REVIEWS OF NAEC RECORDS INDICATED THAT DURING CLEANUP OPERATIONS
IN EARLY 1981, FOUR SEPARATE AREAS THAT CONTAINED BLACK AND ORANGE-BROWN STAINED SOIL WERE FOUND AT THE
SOUTHEAST AND NORTHEAST CORNERS OF BUILDING 524 (FIGURE 5). THE STAINED AREAS VARIED IN SIZE FROM 4X5 FEET
TO 10 X 5 FEET. ALSO FOUND AT THE SITE WERE NINE 55-GALLON DRUMS, AND CARDBOARD CONTAINERS WHICH WERE
REPORTED TO BE LEAKING SOLID RESIN "BEADS". THESE BEADS ARE NON-HAZARDOUS AND USED FOR THE REMOVAL OF
ALUMINUM AND IRON FROM WATER AT THE STEAM PLANT. A FORMER POTABLE WATER WELL (PW-26) IS LOCATED INSIDE
BUILDING 524 AND IS REPORTED TO BE 74 FEET DEEP. ITS SCREENED INTERVAL IS NOT KNOWN. THE WELL IS NO LONGER
IN GENERAL USE, BUT IS USED INFREQUENTLY AS A BACK-UP SOURCE WHEN NEEDED.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES WHICH INVOLVE THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
PRE-1985: UNDER THE DIRECTION OF NAEC, ONE MONITORING WELL (BP) WAS INSTALLED APPROXIMATELY 325 FEET EAST OF
SITE 23. THIS WELL HAD BEEN MONITORED ON A REGULAR BASIS BY NAEC FOR THE PRESENCE OF FREE-FLOATING
PRODUCT. NONE HAS BEEN DETECTED.
AS PART OF THE CLEANUP OPERATIONS, UNKNOWN QUANTITIES OF SURFICIAL STAINED SOIL AND NINE 55-GALLON DRUMS
CONTAINING SOLID RESIN BEADS WERE REMOVED FROM THE SITE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF NAEC.
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 198 6: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. ONE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM
THE FORMER POTABLE WELL PW-26. THE SAMPLE WAS ANALYZED FOR THE NEW JERSEY STANDARD DRINKING WATER
PARAMETERS, INCLUDING VOLATILE AND BASE/NEUTRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, METALS, PESTICIDES, HERBICIDES AND VARIOUS
OTHER PARAMETERS. NO CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED. ONE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS ALSO COLLECTED FROM WELL BP.
THE SAMPLE WAS ANALYZED FOR PRIORITY POLLUTANT VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, LEAD, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
(PHC), AND TOTAL ORGANIC HALOGENS (TOX). NO SIGNIFICANT CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED.
AN AREA OF DARK GRAY STAINED SOIL, APPROXIMATELY 5 FEET IN DIAMETER, WAS OBSERVED NORTH OF BUILDING 524. THE
STAIN WAS SURFICIAL (2-3 INCHES DEEP) AND APPEARED TO HAVE BEEN THE RESULT OF AN OLD MINOR SPILL.
MEASUREMENTS WITH AN ORGANIC VAPOR ANALYZER (OVA) IN A SHALLOW (1 FT.) TEST PIT EXCAVATED WITHIN THE STAINED
SOIL AND FOUR ADDITIONAL SHALLOW TEST PITS EXCAVATED AROUND BUILDING 524 DID NOT INDICATE THE PRESENCE OF ANY

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CONTAMINATION ASSOCIATED WITH ACTIVITIES AT THE SITE.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM THE FORMER POTABLE WATER WELL PW-2 6 AND MONITORING WELL BP. THE SAMPLES FROM WELL PW-26 WERE ANALYZED
FOR PHC AND THE PARAMETERS INCLUDED ON THE EPA'S TARGET COMPOUND LIST (ORGANICS) AND TARGET ANALYTE LIST
(INORGANICS). NO CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED IN THESE SAMPLES. THE SAMPLES FROM WELL BP WERE ANALYZED FOR
TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND THE VOLATILE AND SEMI-VOLATILE PARAMETERS INCLUDED ON THE
TARGET ANALYTE LIST. THE ONLY CONTAMINANT DETECTED IN THESE SAMPLES WAS TOLUENE, WHICH WAS PRESENT IN THE
SECOND ROUND SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION BELOW ARARS (16 PICOGRAM/L).
THIS RESULT WAS QUALIFIED, DUE TO THE FACT THAT TOLUENE WAS ALSO DETECTED IN A LABORATORY BLANK. TOLUENE WAS
NOT DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE FROM THIS WELL.
NO CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF A SOIL SAMPLE COLLECTED AT THE SITE. IN ADDITION, NO
VISIBLE EVIDENCE OF CONTAMINATION WAS OBSERVED ON THE GROUND SURFACE OR IN THE TEST PIT FROM WHICH THE SAMPLE
WAS COLLECTED AND NO OVA LEVELS WERE REGISTERED ABOVE BACKGROUND LEVELS.
SITE 26 - CONTRACTOR DISPOSAL AREA NORTH OF BUILDING 337
SITE HISTORY
SITE 26 REPORTEDLY CONSISTED OF A 30 FT. BY 50 FT. AREA NORTH OF BUILDING 337, ALONG A DRAINAGE SWALE LEADING
TO THE RIDGEWAY BRANCH (FIGURE 6). THIS AREA WAS AN APPARENT DISPOSAL SITE UTILIZED BY CONTRACTORS FOR
DISPOSAL OF OIL, ROOFING MATERIALS AND ASSORTED BUILDING DEBRIS. THE DEBRIS WAS REMOVED FROM THE SITE IN
1981. SITE 26 IS NEAR, AND POSSIBLY AT THE EDGE OF, SITE 42 (THE FORMER BASE LANDFILL).
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE, OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
1981: THE DEBRIS WAS REMOVED FROM THE SITE.
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 1986: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. NO DATA WERE COLLECTED AT THIS SITE.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM A SHALLOW AND DEEP WELL PAIR (EK AND AZ) LOCATED DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE AND ANALYZED FOR EPA'S
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, AND SANITARY LANDFILL CONVENTIONAL
PARAMETERS. ELEVATED LEVELS OF LEAD (65 PICOGRAM/L) WERE DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM
DEEP WELL ET. LEAD WAS NOT DETECTED IN THE SECOND SAMPLING ROUND. THE ARAR FOR LEAD IS 50 PICOGRAM/L.
TWO ROUNDS OF SURFICIAL SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM THE REPORTED DISPOSAL AREA NORTH OF BUILDING 337.
THE PESTICIDE 4,4-'DDT WAS DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION OF 885 PICOGRAM/KG AND IN
THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION OF 4,700 PICOGRAM/KG. THE STATE ACTION LEVEL FOR DDT IN SOIL
RANGES FROM 1 TO 10 MG/KG. THE PESTICIDE 4,4'-DDE WAS DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION
OF 635 PICOGRAM/KG, BUT WAS NOT DETECTED IN THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE. THE STATE ACTION LEVEL FOR THIS
PESTICIDE IN SOIL IS DETERMINED BY THE STATE ON A CASE-BY-CASE BASIS. THESE PESTICIDE CONCENTRATIONS ARE
BELOW EPA CLEANUP LEVELS AT CERCLA SITES. PHC WAS DETECTED IN THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE AT A CONCENTRATION OF
2 66 MG/KG, BUT WAS NOT DETECTED IN THE SAMPLE COLLECTED DURING THE FIRST ROUND. STATE ACTION LEVELS FOR PHC
RANGE FROM 100 MG/KG TO 1,000 MG/KG, DEPENDING ON THE CONCENTRATION OF CARCINOGENIC POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS (PAHS). LEVELS OF PAHS IN THESE SAME SAMPLES WERE BELOW STATE ACTION LEVELS. THE PRESENCE OF
PHCS WAS PROBABLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO NON-TARGETED TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS (TICS).
JANUARY 1990: TO EVALUATE THE TREATABILITY OF PESTICIDES DETECTED IN SOIL SAMPLES DURING THE PHASE II
INVESTIGATION, COMPOSITE SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FOR SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION, SOIL WASHING AND
BIOLOGICAL TREATABILITY STUDIES. TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF CONTAMINANTS DETECTED PREVIOUSLY AT THIS SITE,
SPLIT PORTIONS OF THESE COMPOSITE SOIL SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE AND BASE/NEUTRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,

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PESTICIDES, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON, NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE. HOWEVER NO
CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED AND, THEREFORE, TREATABILITY STUDIES WERE NOT PERFORMED.
SITE 27 - RECOVERY SYSTEMS TEST SITES (RSTS) SCRAP DUMP
SITE HISTORY
THIS SITE IS LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 100 YARDS SOUTH OF THE ARRESTING END OF RSTS TRACK NO. 5 (FIGURE 7). THE
SIZE OF THE SITE, WHICH WAS USED AS A DISPOSAL AREA BETWEEN 1958 AND 1980, IS ABOUT 400 BY 700 FEET.
IT HAS BEEN REPORTED THAT THE MATERIAL DISCARDED HERE WAS SCRAP STEEL CABLE FROM ARRESTING GEAR AT VARIOUS
LOCATIONS THROUGHOUT NAEC. THIS CABLE IS MADE WITH A GREASE-SATURATED MANILA CORE FOR LUBRICATION OF THE
CABLE STRANDS.
THE SITE WAS GRADED AND SEEDED SOMETIME PRIOR TO THE INITIATION OF THE PHASE I INVESTIGATION IN 1985.
CURRENTLY, THE SITE IS OVERGROWN WITH VEGETATION AND SURROUNDED BY TREES. THERE IS NO VISIBLE EVIDENCE OF
PAST DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES. NO ACTIVITIES WHICH INVOLVE THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
OCCUR AT, OR ARE BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATIONS/REMEDIAL ACTIONS
PRE-1985: IN 1980, FOLLOWING A REPORT OF SUSPECTED CONTAMINATION, AN EPA CONTRACTOR PERFORMED A SURVEY AT
THIS SITE USING AN ORGANIC VAPOR ANALYZER (OVA). APPROXIMATELY 25 ANALYSES WERE OBTAINED FROM 3.5 TO 4-FOOT
SOIL BORINGS AND ONLY METHANE WAS DETECTED AT LOW CONCENTRATIONS. PRIOR TO THE INITIATION OF THE PHASE I
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION, THE AREA WAS GRADED AND SEEDED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF NAEC. ONE MONITORING WELL (AV)
WAS INSTALLED AT THE SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE SITE. THE WELL HAD BEEN MONITORED ON A REGULAR BASIS BY NAEC
FOR THE PRESENCE OF FREE-FLOATING PRODUCT. NONE HAS BEEN DETECTED.
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 1986: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. A VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE SITE REVEALED NO
EVIDENCE OF SURFICIAL SOIL CONTAMINATION. ONE ADDITIONAL MONITORING WELL (DS) WAS INSTALLED AT THE NORTHERN
BOUNDARY OF THE SITE. ONE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM THIS WELL AND ANALYZED FOR TOTAL PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS AND THE PRIORITY POLLUTANT ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS. NO CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED.
ONE ADDITIONAL GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM WELL AV AND ANALYZED FOR PRIORITY POLLUTANT VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, LEAD AND TOTAL ORGANIC HALOGENS. NO CONTAMINATION WAS
DETECTED.
MAY - JUNE 1988: A SOIL GAS SCREENING SURVEY CONDUCTED AT THE SITE CONFIRMED THE LACK OF CONTAMINATION BY
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES (TOTAL FOUR
SAMPLES) WERE COLLECTED FROM WELLS AV AND DS. THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS,
LEAD AND THE VOLATILE AND SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS INCLUDED ON THE EPA'S TARGET ANALYTE LIST. THE TWO
SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM WELL AV WERE ALSO ANALYZED FOR TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON. NO CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED.
ALTHOUGH THE WELLS WERE LOCATED ALONG THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN BOUNDARIES OF THE SITE AND NOT DIRECTLY
DOWNGRADIENT, THE ABSENCE OF ANY EVIDENCE OF SOIL OR GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION INDICATES THAT THE SITE IS NOT
A SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THERE ARE NO REPORTS INDICATING THE DIRECT DISPOSAL OF
LIQUID WASTES ON THE GROUND AT THIS SITE.
SITE 30 - RECOVERY SYSTEMS TRACK SITES, TRACK NO. 4 RECOVERY END
SITE HISTORY
THIS SITE, LOCATED AT THE RECOVERY END OF TRACK NO. 4, MEASURES ABOUT 75 FEET WIDE BY 800 FEET LONG (FIGURE
8). THE SITE WAS USED FOR CREATING AIRCRAFT CRASHES UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS FOR THE PURPOSE OF

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EVALUATING FIRE-PREVENTATIVE JET FUEL ADDITIVES. THE TESTS WERE CONDUCTED BY LAUNCHING FUELED TEST AIRCRAFT
DOWN THE TRACK, ALLOWING THEM TO BECOME MOMENTARILY AIRBORNE, AND THEN CRASH ON A MOUND OF SOIL SPECIALLY
PREPARED FOR THIS PURPOSE. THE MOUND OF SOIL WAS LOCATED ON A PAVED AREA ABOUT 200 FEET WIDE. THE SOIL HAS
SINCE BEEN REMOVED. THE ONLY EVIDENCE OF THE SITE IS A STAINED AREA ON THE PAVEMENT INDICATING THE FORMER
LOCATION OF THE MOUND. A TOTAL OF FOUR AIRCRAFT WERE TESTED AT THIS SITE, EACH WITH APPROXIMATELY 1,000
GALLONS OF FUEL ON BOARD. DURING THE CRASH TESTS, JP-4, JP-5 AND JET A GEL ANTIMISTING FUEL WERE REPORTED TO
HAVE BEEN DEPOSITED ON THE GROUND. AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAM (AFFF) WAS ALSO USED AT THIS SITE TO FIGHT THE
ENSUING FIRES.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE, OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
PRE-1985: ONE MONITORING WELL (BT) WAS INSTALLED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF NAEC AT A DISTANCE OF APPROXIMATELY
250 FEET DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE FORMER LOCATION OF THE EARTH MOUND. THE WELL WAS MONITORED BY NAEC FOR THE
PRESENCE OF FLOATING PRODUCT. NONE WAS DETECTED.
ALL OF THE SOIL WHICH FORMED THE MOUND AT THE END OF THE TRACK WAS REMOVED AND DISPOSED OF AT AN OFF-SITE
PERMITTED HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY (BOYERTOWN SANITARY DISPOSAL, GILBERTVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA).
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 1986: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. NO EVIDENCE OF STAINED SOIL WAS OBSERVED AT
THE SITE. ANALYSIS OF ONE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE FROM THE DOWNGRADIENT MONITORING WELL BT FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS, LEAD, PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, PH, CONDUCTIVITY, AND TOTAL ORGANIC HALIDES DID NOT REVEAL ANY
CONTAMINATION. ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATIONS WERE RECOMMENDED.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF DUPLICATE GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE
COLLECTED FROM MONITORING WELLS BT AND ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE, BASE/NEUTRAL AND ACID EXTRACTABLE COMPOUNDS,
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, LEAD, ETHYLENE GLYCOL, SURFACTANTS AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON.
SLIGHTLY ELEVATED LEVELS OF LEAD (70.8 PICOGRAM/L) WERE DETECTED IN ONE OF THE TWO (DUPLICATE) SECOND ROUND
GROUNDWATER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM WELL BT, LOCATED DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE. THE DUPLICATE SAMPLE
CONTAINED LEAD AT A CONCENTRATION OF 42.2 PICOGRAM/L. THE ARAR FOR LEAD IS 50 PICOGRAM/L. LEAD WAS NOT
DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND DUPLICATE SAMPLES FROM THIS WELL.
TWO ROUNDS OF SURFICIAL SEDIMENT SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM A DRAINAGE SWALE LOCATED NORTH OF THE SITE AND
ANALYZED FOR EPA'S ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON.
CHROMIUM WAS DETECTED IN THE SECOND ROUND SEDIMENT SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM THE DRAINAGE SWALE NORTH OF THE SITE
AT AN ESTIMATED CONCENTRATION OF 110 MG/KG, SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE STATE ACTION LEVEL OF 100 MG/KG. THE
CONCENTRATION OF CHROMIUM IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE FROM THIS LOCATION WAS 7 MG/KG, WELL BELOW THE ACTION
LEVEL.
JULY 1990: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II ADDENDUM. TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF DISSOLVED LEAD
PREVIOUSLY DETECTED IN THE GROUNDWATER AT SITE 30, FILTERED AND UNFILTERED GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE
COLLECTED FROM MONITORING WELL BT. LEAD WAS DETECTED BELOW THE FEDERAL MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL OF 50
PICOGRAM/L IN THE UNFILTERED SAMPLE AND WAS NOT DETECTED IN THE FILTERED SAMPLE, SUGGESTING THAT THE FORMER
PRESENCE OF ELEVATED LEVELS OF LEAD WAS PROBABLY DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF SEDIMENT IN THE SAMPLE.
SITE 34 - PARACHUTE JUMP CIRCLE
SITE HISTORY
THE PARACHUTE JUMP CIRCLE IS A LARGE 4,000-FOOT DIAMETER (APPROXIMATELY 290-ACRE) OPEN CIRCULAR FIELD IN THE
NORTH CENTRAL PORTION OF NAEC (FIGURE 9), USED FOR THE PRACTICE OF PARACHUTE LANDING. NAEC EMPLOYEES
REPORTED THAT THE ENTIRE PARACHUTE JUMP CIRCLE WAS USED TO DISCHARGE USED FUEL (I.E., FUEL WHICH HAD BEEN
DRAINED FROM AIRCRAFT). IT WAS ALSO STATED THAT THERE WAS NO FAVORITE SPOT FOR DISPOSAL. SOMETIMES THE
FUEL TRUCK DRIVER WOULD OPEN THE VALVE AND DRIVE AROUND THE PARACHUTE CIRCLE TO SPREAD THE FUEL AND SOMETIMES

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HE WOULD PARK THE TRUCK AND DISCHARGE AT ONE SPOT. THE METHOD OF DISPOSAL DEPENDED UPON THE WAY THE DRIVER
DECIDED TO DISCHARGE THE MATERIAL.
ACCORDING TO PERSONNEL INTERVIEWS AND FUEL HANDLING RECORDS, USED FUEL WAS DISCHARGED AT THE PARACHUTE CIRCLE
FROM 1950 TO 1970 AT THE RATE OF ABOUT 100,000 GALLONS PER YEAR. THEREFORE, UP TO TWO MILLION GALLONS OF
USED FUEL MAY HAVE BEEN DISCHARGED AT THE PARACHUTE CIRCLE AREA. ALTHOUGH NO INFORMATION WAS PROVIDED, IT IS
POSSIBLE THAT FUEL DISPOSAL MAY ALSO HAVE OCCURRED AT THE JUMP CIRCLE PRIOR TO 1950. IN 1987, AN AIRPLANE
CRASH IN THE NORTHEASTERN SECTION OF THE JUMP CIRCLE RESULTED IN THE RELEASE OF 5 TO 10 GALLONS OF AVGAS AND
MOTOR OIL.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE, OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 198 6: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM FOUR
MONITORING WELLS INSTALLED AT THE SITE (DW, DX, DZ AND DY). THE SAMPLES FROM WELLS DX, DZ AND DY WERE
ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, LEAD, CONDUCTIVITY, TOTAL ORGANIC HALOGENS, TOTAL PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS AND PH. THE GROUNDWATER SAMPLE FROM MONITORING WELL DW WAS ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE AND
BASE/NEUTRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, METALS, CONDUCTIVITY, CYANIDE, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND PH. NO
CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE GROUNDWATER SAMPLES.
TWO SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED AT THE SITE (EACH A COMPOSITE FROM TWO DIFFERENT LOCATIONS) AND ANALYZED FOR
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, LEAD, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND PH REVEALED NO CONTAMINATION.
MAY - JUNE 1988: SOIL GAS AND GROUNDWATER SCREENING SURVEYS CONDUCTED AT THE SITE IDENTIFIED LOW LEVELS OF
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN TWO GROUNDWATER SAMPLES. ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATIONS WERE RECOMMENDED.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM NINE MONITORING WELLS LOCATED AT THE SITE (INCLUDING WELL D ORIGINALLY INSTALLED AS A DOWNGRADIENT WELL
FOR SITE 20). MOST OF THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR EPA'S ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS AND TOTAL
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS.
NO CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED AT LEVELS EXCEEDING ARARS IN ANY OF THE SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM THE NINE
MONITORING WELLS. TWO WELLS (GC AND FZ) WERE INSTALLED AT TWO LOCATIONS WHERE THE 1988 GROUNDWATER SCREENING
SURVEYS HAD INDICATED ELEVATED LEVELS OF BENZENE. HOWEVER, THE ANALYSES OF TWO GROUNDWATER SAMPLES FROM
THESE WELLS DID NOT CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF BENZENE OR OTHER VOCS.
DURING PHASE II, FOUR SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT SITE 34 AT DEPTHS RANGING FROM 7 TO 18 FEET BELOW GROUND
SURFACE. ALL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ABOVE THE WATER TABLE. THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR EPA'S ORGANIC
AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBONS.
THE ONLY CONTAMINANTS DETECTED IN THESE SAMPLES AT LEVELS EXCEEDING STATE ACTION LEVELS WERE PHCS, WHICH WERE
DETECTED IN TWO OF THE FOUR SAMPLES AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 1,063 MG/KG AND 2,264 MG/KG. THE INTERIM STATE
ACTION LEVEL FOR PHC IN SOILS AT NAEC IS 1,000 MG/KG, UNLESS THE LEVELS OF CARCINOGENIC BASE/NEUTRAL
EXTRACTABLE COMPOUNDS EXCEED 10 MG/KG, IN WHICH CASE THE PHC ARAR MAY BE REDUCED TO 100 MG/KG. ELEVATED
LEVELS OF TICS WERE ALSO DETECTED IN THESE SAMPLES. TARGETED VOCS AND SVOCS WERE NOT DETECTED.
SITE 40 - SOIL STABILIZATION FIELD TEST SITE
SITE HISTORY
IN OCTOBER 1969, A SOIL STABILIZATION FIELD TEST WAS CONDUCTED AT NAEC AS PART OF A STUDY TO CORRECT THE
HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH THE RAISING OF DUST AND FOREIGN MATERIALS AT SHORT AIRFIELD IN TACTICAL SUPPORT
(SATS) RUNWAYS. THE STUDY WAS ALSO DESIGNATED TO FIND A METHOD OF INCREASING THE LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY OF
THE SOIL. SITE 40, THE FIELD TESTING AREA, IS AT A LOW ELEVATION AND ALMOST LEVEL WITH THE ADJACENT MARSHY
AREA AND NEARBY PICKEREL POND (FIGURE 10).

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FOR THE STABILIZATION STUDY, A 4,000 SQUARE FOOT AREA WAS DIVIDED INTO FOUR STRIPS OF 100 FEET BY 10 FEET
EACH AND CLEARED, GRADED, COMPACTED, AND SCARIFIED TO A DEPTH OF 4 INCHES. THEN CHEMICALS WERE APPLIED AS
FOLLOWS: ANILINE AND FERRIC CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS (USED AS A CATALYST) WERE LOADED INTO A PRESSURE DISTRIBUTOR
TRUCK AND APPLIED TOGETHER, FOLLOWED IMMEDIATELY BY FURFURAL. THEN THE SOIL AND CHEMICALS WERE MIXED AND
COMPACTED. THE MIXER BROKE DOWN BEFORE THE MIXING OPERATION IN THE THIRD AND FOURTH STRIPS AND, AS A RESULT,
THE MIXING IN THOSE TWO STRIPS WAS DONE WITH THE SCARIFIER, WHICH PROVIDED A RATHER POOR MIX. THE AVERAGE
COMPACTED THICKNESSES WERE 4 INCHES IN THE FIRST STRIP, 4-1/2 INCHES IN THE SECOND STRIP, AND ONE INCH IN THE
THIRD AND FOURTH STRIPS. THE EXACT LOCATION OF THE TEST STRIPS IS NOT KNOWN, ALTHOUGH THE GENERAL AREA OF
THE TESTS BASED ON EXAMINATION OF HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY, IS SHOWN IN FIGURE 11.
ACCORDING TO THE STUDY'S REPORT, THE SURPLUS ANILINE (APPROXIMATELY 69 GALLONS) REMAINING IN THE DISTRIBUTOR
WAS BURNED OR BURIED. ALSO, THE EQUIPMENT WAS FLUSHED OUT AND CLEANED WITH FUEL OIL, TO BE BURNED OR BURIED,
OR WITH SOAPY LUKEWARM WATER, TO BE BURIED OR DISCHARGED INTO SEWER LINES. RAG WASTE WAS BURIED OR BURNED.
THE QUANTITIES OF FUEL OIL, SOAPY WATER, AND RAGS DISPOSED OF OR THE LOCATION OF THE BURNING OR BURYING IS
UNKNOWN. THE DISPOSAL PROCEDURE FOR THE FURFURAL (66 GALLONS SURPLUS) AND THE FERRIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION (69
GALLONS SURPLUS) IS ALSO UNKNOWN.
IN NOVEMBER 1969, AFTER TWO DAYS OF RAIN, THERE WAS NO SIGN OF EROSION ON THE STABILIZED SOIL SURFACE. A
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST WAS RUN AND THE RESULTS WERE ABOUT 1/4 TO 1/5 OF LABORATORY RESULTS. THE STUDY,
THEREFORE, CONCLUDED THAT MORE EFFICIENT MACHINERY WAS REQUIRED IN THE FIELD.
ANILINE AND FURFURAL ARE ON EPA'S HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES LIST DUE TO THEIR IGNITABILITY CHARACTERISTICS. ALSO,
ANILINE IS CONSIDERED TO BE VERY TOXIC AND FURFURAL MODERATELY TOXIC BY INGESTION, INHALATION AND SKIN
ABSORPTION.
THE PRODUCT OF THE CHEMICAL REACTION OF ANILINE AND FURFURAL IS N-2-(FURANYLMETHYL) BENZENE AMINE. SINCE
FURFURAL IS VERY REACTIVE AND EXCESS ANILINE AND FERRIC CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS WERE USED, IT IS EXPECTED THAT ALL
OF THE FURFURAL WAS REACTED. NO AVAILABLE DATA WAS FOUND TO INDICATE THAT THE COMPOUND PRODUCED IS HAZARDOUS
OR TOXIC.
IN SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1981, THE AREA WAS FOUND TO STILL BE DEVOID OF VEGETATION AND THE SOIL SURFACE WAS
OBSERVED TO BE CRUSTY. DURING THE PHASE I INVESTIGATION IN NOVEMBER 1985-JANUARY 1986, THE SITE WAS STILL
DEVOID OF VEGETATION, BUT THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE OF STAINED OR CRUSTY SOIL. FURTHERMORE, IT COULD NOT BE
CONFIRMED WHETHER OR NOT THE LACK OF VEGETATION WAS DUE TO NATURAL EROSION OR PAST ACTIVITIES AT THE SITE.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR, THIS SITE.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 198 6: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. A GROUNDWATER SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED FROM
MONITORING WELL EG INSTALLED AT THE SITE AND ANALYZED FOR BASE/NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS, IRON, PH, CONDUCTIVITY AND
CHLORIDE. IRON WAS DETECTED AT A CONCENTRATION EXCEEDING THE ARAR. NO OTHER CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED.
THREE SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT THE SITE AND ANALYZED FOR BASE/NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS, IRON, PH, ANILINE,
FURFURAL AND CHLORIDE. THE ANALYSIS REVEALED THE PRESENCE OF ONE SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND,
1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE AT CONCENTRATIONS RANGING FROM 86.4 PICOGRAM/KG TO 218 PICOGRAM/KG. ADDITIONAL
INVESTIGATIONS WERE RECOMMENDED.
AUGUST - DECEMBER 1988: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED
FROM WELL EG AND ANALYZED FOR EPA'S ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, ANILINE AND FURFURAL. THE ONLY
PARAMETER DETECTED ABOVE ARARS WAS IRON, AT A CONCENTRATION OF 449,000 PICOGRAM/L, IN THE SECOND ROUND
UNFILTERED SAMPLE. THE ARAR FOR IRON IS 300 PICOGRAM/L. IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE, THE CONCENTRATION WAS
66,200 PICOGRAM/L, BUT WAS QUALIFIED AS UNRELIABLE. ANILINE AND FURFURAL, THE TWO PARAMETERS OF CONCERN,
WERE NOT DETECTED IN THESE SAMPLES. WHILE THE IRON LEVEL APPEARS TO BE ABNORMALLY HIGH, COMPARABLE
CONCENTRATIONS WERE DETECTED IN OTHER WELLS THROUGHOUT THE NAEC (E.G., WELL GP, AREA G, 392,400 PICOGRAM/L;
WELL BN, AREAH, 318,000 PICOGRAM/L; WELL AT, AREA K, 684,000 PICOGRAM/L). ALTHOUGH THESE WELLS ARE NOT ALL

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DIRECTLY UPGRADIENT FROM SITE 40, THEY ARE ALL FAR ENOUGH AWAY FROM THE SITE SO AS TO BE OUT OF THE RANGE
OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM ACTIVITIES AT THE SITE. THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF IRON IN 282 GROUNDWATER
SAMPLES COLLECTED THROUGHOUT NAEC WAS 27,538 PICOGRAM/L. A COMPARISON OF FILTERED AND UNFILTERED SAMPLES
COLLECTED AT THE SAME TIME FROM RANDOMLY SELECTED WELLS THROUGHOUT NAEC SHOWS THAT THE AVERAGE IRON
CONCENTRATION IN UNFILTERED SAMPLES WAS 120,118 PICOGRAM/L. IN THE FILTERED SAMPLES, THE AVERAGE
CONYCENTRATION WAS DRASTICALLY REDUCED TO 3,204 PICOGRAM/L. THIS SUGGESTS THAT THE APPARENTLY ABNORMALLY HIGH
LEVELS OF IRON IN SOME WELLS ARE THE RESULT OF THE HIGH SEDIMENT LOAD IN THE SAMPLES. THIS HYPOTHESIS IS
SUPPORTED BY THE FACT THAT, IN MANY CASES, THE LEVELS OF METALS IN THE SAMPLES VARIED SIGNIFICANTLY BETWEEN
THE TWO SAMPLING ROUNDS. FOR EXAMPLE, IN WELL AT (AREA K), THE CONCENTRATION OF IRON WAS 684,000 PICOGRAM/L
IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE, BUT ONLY 2,730 PICOGRAM/L IN THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE.
FIVE SOIL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM SHALLOW (1 TO 2-FOOT) TEST PITS EXCAVATED AT THE SITE. TWO BACKGROUND
SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED: ONE FROM A MARSHY AREA ABOUT 400 FEET SOUTH OF THE SITE, AND ONE FROM A HIGHER
ELEVATION AREA BETWEEN THE TARMAC AND PICKEREL POND, ABOUT 400 FEET EAST OF THE SITE. THESE SAMPLES WERE
ANALYZED FOR ANILINE, FURFURAL, IRON AND BASE/NEUTRAL EXTRACTABLE COMPOUNDS. IRON WAS DETECTED AT
CONCENTRATIONS RANGING FROM 1,700 MG/KG TO 2,200 MG/KG IN THE FIVE ON-SITE SAMPLES. THE IRON CONCENTRATIONS
IN THE TWO BACKGROUND SAMPLES WERE 2,100 MG/KG AND 4,000 MG/KG. THEREFORE, THE ORIGIN OF IRON IN THE ON-SITE
SAMPLES APPEAR TO BE NATURAL AND CANNOT BE ATTRIBUTED TO SITE ACTIVITIES. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE
AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF IRON IN 100 SAMPLES COLLECTED AT THE NAEC DURING PHASE II WAS 2,335 MG/KG.
1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE, DETECTED IN SOIL SAMPLES DURING PHASE I, WAS NOT DETECTED IN PHASE II. NO ANILINE OR
FURFURAL WERE DETECTED.
TWO SEDIMENT SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM PICKEREL POND, DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE, AND ANALYZED FOR EPA'S
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, ANILINE, FURFURAL AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON.
CHROMIUM AND NICKEL WERE DETECTED AT CONCENTRATIONS EXCEEDING STATE ACTION LEVELS (420 AND 180 MG/KG,
RESPECTIVELY) IN THE SECOND ROUND SAMPLE ONLY. THE STATE ACTION LEVEL FOR BOTH CHROMIUM AND NICKEL IS 100
MG/KG. NEITHER CHROMIUM NOR LEAD WERE DETECTED IN SOIL, GROUNDWATER OR SURFACE WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED AT
THE SITE, AND, HENCE, THE LEVELS ENCOUNTERED IN ONE OF THE TWO SEDIMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED AT THE SITE DO
NOT POSE A SIGNIFICANT RISK TO HUMAN HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT. THESE LEVELS MAY BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO
NATURALLY OCCURRING MINERALS IN THE SEDIMENT. SOME TICS WERE DETECTED IN BOTH SAMPLES. NO ANILINE OR
FURFURAL WAS DETECTED.
TWO SURFACE WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM PICKEREL POND, DOWNGRADIENT FROM THE SITE AND ANALYZED FOR
EPA'S ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, ANILINE, FURFURAL AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON. LOW LEVELS OF
TRICHLOROETHENE (4 PICOGRAM/L) WERE DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE ONLY. NO ANILINE OR FURFURAL WERE
DETECTED. THE SOURCE OF TRICHLOROETHENE HAS NOT BEEN IDENTIFIED. BECAUSE OF THE DETAILED INFORMATION
AVAILABLE ABOUT ACTIVITIES AT SITE 40 (DESCRIBED IN THE SITE HISTORY SECTION), SITE 40 IS NOT THE SOURCE OF
TRACE TRICHLOROETHENE CONTAMINATION. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT ITS PRESENCE IS DUE TO LABORATORY
CROSS-CONTAMINATION. TRICHLOROETHENE WAS DETECTED AT A CONCENTRATION OF 140 PICOGRAM/L IN A GROUNDWATER
SAMPLE COLLECTED AT SITE 3, ABOUT 1,800 FEET FROM THE PICKEREL POND SURFACE WATER SAMPLING POINT. HOWEVER,
CONSIDERING THAT: (A) THE GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION IN THE VICINITY OF SITE 3 IS TO THE SOUTHEAST; AND (B)
THE FACT THAT VOCS WERE NOT DETECTED IN WELL GZ, LOCATED BETWEEN SITE 3 AND PICKEREL POND, IT IS UNLIKELY
THAT SITE 3 IS THE SOURCE OF TRICHLOROETHENE IN PICKEREL POND.
JULY 1990: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II ADDENDUM: TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF DISSOLVED IRON
IN THE GROUNDWATER AT SITE 40, FILTERED AND UNFILTERED GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM MONITORING
WELL EG. THE SAMPLES WERE ONLY ANALYZED FOR IRON WHICH WAS DETECTED AT LEVELS EXCEEDING ARARS DURING THE
PHASE I AND PHASE II REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS. DURING THE PHASE II ADDENDUM, IRON CONCENTRATIONS EXCEEDED
ARARS IN BOTH UNFILTERED DUPLICATE SAMPLES (144,000 AND 85,200 PICOGRAM/L). IRON CONCENTRATIONS WERE
SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER IN THE FILTERED SAMPLES, ALTHOUGH STILL ABOVE ARARS AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 4,000 AND 4,650
PICOGRAM/L RESPECTIVELY.
AREA L - NORTHWESTERN CORNER OF NAEC
AREA HISTORY
AREA L INCLUDES THE EXTREME NORTHWESTERN CORNER OF THE NAEC. THIS AREA WAS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN DUE TO ITS

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PROXIMITY TO THE LOCATION OF THE EXPLOSION OF A BOMARC MISSILE. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THIS EXPLOSION AND
SUBSEQUENT INVESTIGATIONS AND REMEDIAL ACTIONS IS PRESENTED BELOW.
ON JUNE 7, 1960, AN EXPLOSION AND FIRE OCCURRED AT THE BOMARC MISSILE SITE LOCATED IN FORT DIX MILITARY
RESERVATION, BORDERING THE WESTERN BOUNDARY OF NAEC. THE MISSILE WAS LOCATED IN A LAUNCHER SHELTER
APPROXIMATELY 1,800 FEET NORTHWEST OF THE EXTREME NORTHWEST CORNER OF NAEC (FIGURE 11).
THE FOLLOWING BACKGROUND INFORMATION IS A SUMMARY OF INFORMATION
INCLUDED IN A REPORT PREPARED IN 1977 BY THE US ARMY TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS AGENCY:
THE FORCE OF THE EXPLOSION DESTROYED PORTIONS OF THE SHELTER ROOF. FLAMES ROSE TO 20 FEET AND BLACK SMOKE
BLANKETED THE AREA. AT THE TIME OF THE FIRE A GENTLE NORTHEAST WIND, 5 TO 8 KNOTS, WAS BLOWING THE SMOKE
INTO SURROUNDING AREAS. THE NUCLEAR WARHEAD WAS BURNED, THE MISSILE WAS DESTROYED, AND THE LAUNCHER SHELTER
WAS BADLY DAMAGED. THE INHIBITED RED FUMING NITRIC ACID (IRFNA) TANK (OXIDIZER TANK), ALTHOUGH DISPLACED,
REMAINED INTACT AND CONTAINED ACID. THE RESIDUE OF THE BURNING WARHEAD CONTAMINATED THE CONCRETE FLOOR. IN
ADDITION TO THE SEVERELY DAMAGED ROOF, THE FLOOR WAS PITTED, STEEL ROOF BEAMS WERE DEFORMED, AND THE CONCRETE
WALLS WERE PITTED BY FLYING OBJECTS. THE SHELTER WALLS SUFFERED SOME HEAT DAMAGE. THE TRITIUM BOTTLE
REMAINED IN GOOD CONDITION. THE REMAINS OF THE WARHEAD AND ALL RESIDUE FROM THE FLOOR WERE PLACED IN PLASTIC
BAGS AND THEN INTO SEALED CANS FOR ULTIMATE DISPOSAL.
THE FIRE BURNED FROM 1515 HOURS UNTIL 1545 HOURS BEFORE ANY EFFORT WAS MADE TO EXTINGUISH THE FLAMES. THE
AREA WAS FLOODED WITH WATER UNTIL 0645 HOURS ON 8 JUNE 1960. DURING THE FLOODING OF THE BOMARC SHELTER,
WATER FLOWED CONTINUOUSLY UNDER THE FRONT DOOR, DOWN THE MACADAM STREET AND INTO THE DRAINAGE DITCH OUTSIDE
THE FENCED-IN BOMARC SITE. RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, PLUTONIUM 239 AND 241, TRAVELED APPROXIMATELY 500 FEET
ALONG THE DRAINAGE DITCH. A DAM WAS CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE DRAINAGE DITCH IN AN ATTEMPT TO CONTAIN EXCESS
WATER AND PREVENT SPREADING OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL. IT WAS REPORTED THAT THE WATER DID NOT LEAVE THE
MILITARY RESERVATION NOR DID IT ENDANGER THE WATER SUPPLY.
IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE SHELTER, ALPHA RADIATION WAS CONFINED TO THE FLOOR OF THE SHELTER UNDER THE
WARHEAD AND IN THE WATER DRAINING FROM THE SHELTER INTO THE DRAINAGE DITCH. IN ADDITION TO THE SHELTER,
DECONTAMINATION WAS ALSO REQUIRED OF THE MACADAM RAMP AND THE DRAINAGE DITCH.
DECONTAMINATION OF THE ENTIRE AREA WAS STARTED ON 8 JUNE 1960. AT 0900 HOURS, AIR SAMPLERS WERE SET UP
DOWNWIND FROM THE ACCIDENT SITE. A VERBAL REPORT FROM THE 2702D EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL SQUADRON
INDICATED THAT THE HIGHEST READING FOUND ON THE FILTER PAPER WAS 1.59 COUNTS PER MINUTE (CPM). AT ONE POINT
NEAR THE WARHEAD, A READING OF OVER 2,000,000 CPM WAS FOUND. CONTAMINATION OUTSIDE THE SHELTER WAS A RESULT
OF THE FLOODING. AT 1000 HOURS AN ALPHA SURVEY WAS MADE OF THE RAMP OUTSIDE OF THE SHELTER; THE HIGHEST
READING WAS 160,000 CPM. OFFICERS FROM THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE SURVEYED 66 MILES OF OFF-POST AREA AND
FOUND NO TRACES OF CONTAMINATION.
ON 10 JUNE 1960, THE ENTIRE AREA WAS CHECKED AND MONITORING EQUIPMENT INSTALLED. AIR SAMPLES WERE AGAIN
TAKEN. DURING THE FIRE, TAR HAD MELTED AND SPREAD IN A THIN LAYER ON SECTIONS OF THE FLOOR. SEVERAL
SECTIONS OF THE FLOOR CONTAINING TAR SHOWED READINGS OF OVER 2,000,000 CPM. THE COUNT IN THE CENTER OF THE
ROAD OUTSIDE THE SHELTER WAS ALSO 2,000,000 CPM. THE ENTIRE AREA WAS AGAIN WASHED DOWN AND ALLOWED TO DRY.
THE COUNT IN THE CENTER OF THE ROAD WAS STILL OVER ALLOWABLE LIMITS. IN CONVERTING COUNTS PER MINUTE TO
MICROGRAMS PER SQUARE METER, THE AMOUNT OF PLUTONIUM (ALPHA) CONTAMINATION WAS 5,000 MICROGRAMS PER SQUARE
METER. IT HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED THAT ANY AREA CONTAMINATED BY PLUTONIUM IN EXCESS OF 1,000 MICROGRAMS PER
SQUARE METER IS CONSIDERED DANGEROUS. ALLOWABLE SURFACE LEVELS FOR RESIDENTIAL AND URBAN AREAS WOULD BE 50
PICOGRAM/M2.
AFTER THE AREA WAS COMPLETELY DRY, THE INSIDE OF THE SHELTER WAS GIVEN A VERY THICK LAYER OF PAINT. SPRAY
GUNS WERE USED TO ENSURE TOTAL COVERAGE. THE OUTSIDE AREA WAS ALSO PAINTED, AND BROOMS WERE USED TO SPREAD
THE PAINT ON THE MACADAM. A TOTAL OF 110 GALLONS OF PAINT WAS USED. AFTER THE PAINT HAD DRIED ENOUGH TO
WALK ON, READINGS WERE AGAIN TAKEN. AREAS THAT HAD PREVIOUSLY SHOWN 2,000,000 COUNTS PER MINUTE, NOW READ
ZERO. SOME OF THE FRINGE AREAS SHOWED READINGS OF 50 TO 500 COUNTS WHICH PRESENTED NO HAZARD.

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ALPHA RADIATION CAN BE READILY SHIELDED BY A ONE-INCH THICK AIR SPACE, BY PAINTING OR COATING A CONTAMINATED
SURFACE, OR SIMPLY BY SHIELDING WITH A PIECE OF PAPER. ALPHA RADIATION WILL NOT PENETRATE THE SKIN OF AN
INDIVIDUAL, BUT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS LUNG DAMAGE IF INHALED. PAINTING OR COATING A SURFACE IS ONLY A TEMPORARY
SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM. PROPER DECONTAMINATION WOULD REQUIRE REMOVAL OF SOIL FOR BURIAL.
SINCE 1960, MANY RADIATION SURVEYS HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED AROUND THE BOMARC SITE. THE USAF RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH
LABORATORY, MCGUIRE AIR FORCE BASE, NEW JERSEY, HAS CONDUCTED SURVEYS SINCE 1960 AND, IN 1973, WAS DIRECTED
BY THE DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE TO INITIATE AN ANNUAL SURVEY PROGRAM. SURVEYS HAVE ALSO BEEN CONDUCTED BY
THE ARMY ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE AGENCY, AND BY THE US ARMY RADIATION TEAM, BALLISTICS RESEARCH LABORATORY,
BOTH AT ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MARYLAND, AND BY EG&G, INC., LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, AN INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR
WHO CONDUCTED THE STUDY FOR THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION.
ALL REPORTS INDICATE THAT A PROBLEM DOES EXIST IN AND AROUND THE BOMARC SITE. BOTH THE ARMY AND AIR FORCE
SURGEON GENERALS AGREE THAT THE AREA SHOULD BE RESTRICTED AND MONITORED AND THAT, IN ITS PRESENT CONDITION,
DOES IN FACT PRESENT A HEALTH HAZARD.
A MEMORANDUM ISSUED BY THE US AIR FORCE IN 1981 CONCLUDED THAT, ON THE BASIS OF STUDIES CONDUCTED AT THE
BOMARC SITE:
1.	UNDISTURBED, THE PRESENT CONDITION AND USE OF THE SITE
DOES NOT PRESENT A RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH HAZARD TO PERSONS
ON OR OFF THE SITE.
2.	LEVELS OF PLUTONIUM OFF THE SITE, PARTICULARLY THE
ELEVATED LEVELS IN THE DRAINAGE DITCH, ARE MOST PROBABLY A
RESULT OF THE ORIGINAL ACCIDENT AND SUBSEQUENT SITE
RECOVERY OPERATIONS. NO FURTHER SIGNIFICANT MIGRATION OF
PLUTONIUM OFF THE SITE IS EVIDENT AT THIS TIME.
3.	VERTICAL MIGRATION OF PLUTONIUM IS CONFINED TO THE TOP SIX
INCHES OF SOIL AND APPEARS TO PRESENT NO THREAT TO
GROUNDWATER SUPPLIES. PLUTONIUM LEVELS FOUND IN ADJACENT
SURFACE WATERS ARE COMPARABLE TO GENERAL BACKGROUND LEVELS
AND ARE NOT BELIEVED TO BE FROM ANY CURRENT MIGRATION OF
CONTAMINATION OFF THE SITE.
CURRENTLY, NO ACTIVITIES INVOLVING THE USE, STORAGE OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OCCUR AT, OR ARE
BEING PLANNED FOR AREA L.
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND REMOVAL ACTIONS
NOVEMBER 1985 - JANUARY 1986: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE I. GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM
MONITORING WELLS EJ AND EI INSTALLED AT THE SITE AND ANALYZED FOR LEAD, ZINC (EI ONLY), CONDUCTIVITY, GROSS
ALPHA, GROSS BETA, PLUTONIUM-238, CESIUM 137, PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL ORGANIC HALOGENS (EJ ONLY), TOTAL PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS AND PH. NO LEVELS ABOVE ARARS WERE DETECTED IN THE GROUNDWATER SAMPLES.
FOUR SOIL SAMPLES WERE ALSO COLLECTED. TWO OF THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS,
LEAD, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND PH. THE OTHER TWO SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FOR PHOSPHORUS, GROSS ALPHA,
GROSS BETA, CESIUM 137, RADIUM 226, THORIUM 232 AND PLUTONIUM 238. NO CONTAMINANTS WERE DETECTED ABOVE ARARS
IN THE SOILS. A SURFACE WATER SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM THE ELISHA BRANCH AND ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC AND
BASE/NEUTRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, METALS, TOTAL CYANIDES, TOTAL PHENOLICS, CONDUCTIVITY, TOTAL PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS, PH, GROSS ALPHA, GROSS BETA, CESIUM 137, RADIUM 226 AND THORIUM 232 REVEALED NO LEVELS ABOVE
ARARS.
SEPTEMBER 1988 - JANUARY 1989: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II. TWO ROUNDS OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLES WERE
COLLECTED FROM MONITORING WELLS EI AND EJ AND ANALYZED FOR VOLATILE, BASE/NEUTRAL AND ACID EXTRACTABLE
COMPOUNDS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, RADIOACTIVITY, PHOSPHORUS, LEAD AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON. THE

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SAMPLES FROM WELL EJ WERE COLLECTED IN DUPLICATE. NO SIGNIFICANT LEVELS OF CONTAMINATION WERE DETECTED.
TWO ROUNDS OF SEDIMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM THE ELISHA BRANCH AND ANALYZED IN DUPLICATE FOR THE EPA'S
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARAMETERS, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS, RADIOACTIVITY, PHOSPHORUS AND TOTAL ORGANIC
CARBON REVEALED NO SIGNIFICANT CONTAMINATION ABOVE ARARS.
THE PRIMARY ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN IN AREA L HAS BEEN THE POTENTIAL FOR RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION AS A RESULT
OF THE BOMARC MISSILE EXPLOSION AT THE ADJACENT FORT DIX MILITARY RESERVATION. ALL AVAILABLE ANALYTICAL DATA
COLLECTED TO DATE INDICATE NO SIGNIFICANT LEVELS (ABOVE FEDERAL OR STATE ARARS) OF RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION
IN GROUNDWATER, SOIL OR SEDIMENT IN AREA L.
CADMIUM AND SILVER WERE DETECTED AT LEVELS ABOVE ARARS IN THE SECOND ROUND SEDIMENT SAMPLE FROM LOCATION
EB-2S IN THE ELISHA BRANCH. HOWEVER, LEVELS OF THESE TWO METALS WERE BELOW ARARS IN A DUPLICATE OF THIS
SAMPLE, AND NEITHER METAL WAS DETECTED IN THE FIRST ROUND SAMPLE FROM THIS LOCATION. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT
THESE METALS ARE NATURALLY-OCCURRING AND THEIR PRESENCE IN SEDIMENT SAMPLES IS PROBABLY OF NATURAL ORIGIN.
THESE REPEAT ANALYSES SUGGEST THE METALS ARE NOT PERVASIVE IN THE SEDIMENT AND DO NOT REPRESENT A SIGNIFICANT
CONCERN. PHOSPHOROUS WAS DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER SAMPLES FROM MONITORING WELLS EI AND EJ, AT A MAXIMUM
CONCENTRATION OF 766 MG/L AND IN SEDIMENT FROM THE ELISHA BRANCH (EB-2S) AT A MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF 369
PICOGRAM/G. THESE CONCENTRATIONS MAY BE NATURAL BACKGROUND LEVELS FOR THIS AREA. NO ARARS EXIST FOR THIS
ELEMENT.
JULY 1990: REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION - PHASE II ADDENDUM. TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF AMERICIUM 241
AND PLUTONIUM 239/240 IN THE GROUNDWATER, FILTERED AND UNFILTERED SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM MONITORING
WELLS EI AND EJ. PLUTONIUM 239/240 WAS NOT DETECTED. AMERICIUM 241 WAS DETECTED IN ONE OF THE DUPLICATE
SAMPLES FROM WELL EJ AT A VERY LOW CONCENTRATION (0.33+/ - 0.27 PCI/L). AMERICIUM 241 WAS NOT DETECTED IN
THE OTHER DUPLICATE SAMPLE FROM THIS WELL OR IN THE SAMPLE FROM WELL EI.
HISTORICAL LABORATORY ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR AREA L ARE PROVIDED IN TABLES 9 AND 10.
#HCP
HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
THE PROPOSED REMEDIAL ACTION PLAN (PRAP) FOR SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27, 30, 34, 40 AND AREA L WAS ISSUED TO
INTERESTED PARTIES ON JUNE 17, 1991. ON JUNE 17-19, 1991, A NEWSPAPER NOTIFICATION INVITING PUBLIC COMMENT ON
THE PRAP APPEARED IN THE ASBURY PARK PRESS, THE OCEAN COUNTY OBSERVER, AND THE ADVANCED NEWS. THE COMMENT
PERIOD WAS HELD FROM JUNE 19 TO JULY 19, 1991. THE NEWSPAPER NOTIFICATION ALSO IDENTIFIED THE OCEAN COUNTY
LIBRARY AS THE LOCATION OF THE INFORMATION REPOSITORY.
A PUBLIC HEARING WAS HELD ON JUNE 26, 1991. AT THIS MEETING REPRESENTATIVES FROM THE NAVY, USEPA AND NJDEP
WERE AVAILABLE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT THE EIGHT SITES, AREA L, AND THE NO ACTION DETERMINATION. A LIST OF
ATTENDEES IS ATTACHED TO THIS RECORD OF DECISION AS APPENDIX A. COMMENTS RECEIVED AND RESPONSES PROVIDED
DURING THE PUBLIC HEARING ARE INCLUDED IN THE RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY, WHICH IS PART OF THIS RECORD OF
DECISION. NO WRITTEN COMMENTS WERE RECEIVED DURING THE PUBLIC COMMENTS PERIOD.
THIS DECISION DOCUMENT PRESENTS THE SELECTED REMEDIAL ACTION (I.E., NO ACTION) FOR SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27,
30, 34, 40 AND AREA L OF NAEC IN OCEAN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY, CHOSEN IN ACCORDANCE WITH CERCLA, AS AMENDED BY
SARA AND, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THE NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN (NCP). THE DECISION FOR THE EIGHT SITES
AND AREA L IS BASED ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD WHICH IS AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC REVIEW AT THE OCEAN COUNTY
LIBRARY, 101 WASHINGTON STREET, TOMS RIVER, NEW JERSEY.
#SKRA
SCOPE AND ROIiE OF RESPONSE ACTION
THE RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS SHOW NO EVIDENCE OF SIGNIFICANT CONTAMINATION AT SITES 15, 18,
23, 26, 27, 30, 34, 40 AND AREA L. IN MOST CASES, CONTAMINATION WAS NOT DETECTED. BECAUSE THE AVAILABLE
DATA INDICATE THAT CONDITIONS AT SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27, 30, 34, 40 AND AREA L POSE NO UNACCEPTABLE RISKS
TO HUMAN HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT, NO ACTION IS NECESSARY FOR THESE EIGHT SITES AND AREA L.

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#ssc
SUMMARIES OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS
THE LOCATIONS OF EACH OF THE EIGHT SITES AND AREA L WITHIN THE NAEC ARE SHOWN IN FIGURE 2. MAPS OF THE
INDIVIDUAL SITES AND AREA L ARE PROVIDED IN FIGURES 3 THROUGH 11. THE ENTIRE NAEC IS UNDERLAIN BY THE
COHANSEY FORMATION, A WATER-TABLE SAND AQUIFER. THE GENERAL DIRECTION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW AT NAEC IS TO THE
EAST-NORTHEAST. CHEMICALS DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER, SOIL, SEDIMENT AND SURFACE WATER ANALYSES AT EACH OF THE
SITES ARE PROVIDED IN TABLES 1 THROUGH 10.
#SSR
SUMMARIES OF SITE RISKS
THE RESULTS OF THE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATIONS, INCLUDING THE ANALYTICAL DATA SUMMARIZED IN TABLES 1 THROUGH 10,
INDICATE THAT CONDITIONS AT SITES 15, 18, 23, 26, 27, 30,34, 40 AND AREA L POSE NO UNACCEPTABLE RISKS TO
HUMAN HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT.

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