United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Air and Radiation
EPA420-R-00-019
October 2000
<&EPA Data Summaries of Base
Year and Future Year
Mass and Modeling
Inventories for Heavy-
Duty Engine and Vehicle
Standards and Highway
Diesel Fuel Control
Requirements (HDD)
Rulemaking—Detailed
Report
Printed on Recycled Paper

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EPA420-R-00-019
October 2000
Data Summaries of Base Year and Future Year Mass
and Modeling Inventories for Heavy-Duty Engine and
Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel Control
Requirements (HDD) Rulemaking—Detailed Report
Mr. Gregory Stella (MD-14)
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared for EPA by
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
3622 Lyckan Parkway, Suite 2002
Durham, NC 27707
and
5528-B Hempstead Way
Springfield, VA 22151
September 29, 2000
EPA Contract No. 68-D7-0067
Work Assignment No. 3-15
Pechan Report No. 00.09.001/9008-315 (Rev.)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF TABLES	 iv
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 	 vi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY	 1
111

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LIST OF TABLES
SECTION I
ANNUAL NATIONAL HDD RULEMAKING EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
BY TIER 2 SOURCE CATEGORY
1-1. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 1996 Base Year 	 1-1
I-2. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2007 Base Case	 I-4
I-3. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2007 Control Case	 I-7
I-4. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions Reduction for 2007 Control
Case	 1-10
I-5. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2020 Base Case	 1-11
I-6. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2020 Control Case	 1-14
I-7. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions Reduction for 2020 Control
Case	 1-17
I-8. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2030 Base Case	 1-18
I-9. Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions for 2030 Control Case	 1-21
I-10.	Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions Reduction for 2030 Control
Case	 I-24
SECTION II
ANNUAL STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY MAJOR
SOURCE CATEGORY
II-1.	Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 1996 Base Year 11-1
II-2. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2007 Base Case II-6
II-3. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2007 Control
Case	 11-11
II-4. Annual State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source Category for 2007
Control Case	 11-13
II-5. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2020 Base Case 11-15
II-6. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2020 Control
Case	 II 20
II-7. Annual State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source Category for 2020
Control Case	 II-22
II-8. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2030 Base Case II-24
II-9. Annual State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2030 Control
Case	 II-29
11-10. Annual State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source Category for 2030
Control Case	 11-31
iv

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LIST OF TABLES (continued)
SECTION III
SUMMER SEASON DAILY STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY
MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORY
111-1. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 1996
Base Year	 111-1
III-2. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2007
Base Case 	 III-6
III-3. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2007
Control Case	 111-11
III-4. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source
Category for 2007 Control Case 	 111-13
III-5. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2020
Base Case 	 111-15
III-6. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2020
Control Case	 III-20
III-7. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source
Category for 2020 Control Case 	 III-22
III-8. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2030
Base Case 	 III-24
III-9. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions by Major Source Category for 2030
Control Case	 III-29
III-10.	Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions Reduction by Major Source
Category for 2030 Control Case 	 111-31
SECTION IV
STATE-LEVEL ANNUAL AND SSD NOx EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY
STATE AND INVENTORY
IV-1.	Annual NOx Emissions Per State For Each Scenario	 IV-1
IV-2.	Summer Season Daily NOx Emissions Per State For Each Scenario	 IV-3
SECTION V
COUNTY-LEVEL ANNUAL AND AVERAGE DAILY VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)
BY STATE, COUNTY, AND VEHICLE TYPE
V-1.	1996 County-Level Annual and Average Daily VMT by Vehicle Type 	V-1
V-2.	2007 County-Level Annual and Average Daily VMT by Vehicle Type 	V-71
V-3.	2020 County-Level Annual and Average Daily VMT by Vehicle Type 	V-141
V-4.	2030 County-Level Annual and Average Daily VMT by Vehicle Type 	V-211
v

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
CO	carbon monoxide
EGU	electric generating unit
EPA	Environmental Protection Agency
HDD	heavy-duty diesel
HDGV	heavy-duty gasoline vehicle
LDDT	light-duty diesel truck
LDDV	light-duty diesel vehicle
LDGT1	light-duty gasoline truck (less than 6,000 pounds in weight)
LDGT2	light-duty gasoline truck (6,000 to 8,500 pounds in weight)
LDGV	light-duty gasoline vehicle
MC	motorcycle
NH3	ammonia
NOx	oxides of nitrogen
PM	particulate matter
PM10	primary particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to
10 micrometers
PM2 5	primary particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to
2.5 micrometers
REMSAD	Regulatory Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition
S02	sulfur dioxide
SOA	secondary organic aerosols
SOx	oxides of sulfur
SSD	summer season daily
UAM	Urban Airshed Model
U.S.	United States
VMT	vehicle miles traveled
VOC	volatile organic compounds
vi

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report is a compilation of detailed emissions summaries for the emission inventories
prepared to support analysis of the Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards and Highway
Diesel Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements (HDD) rulemaking. To assist future State and Federal
implementation of this program, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) is developing national annual and temporal emission inventories and applying the Urban
Airshed Model (UAM-V) and Regulatory Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition
(REMSAD) to examine the regional ozone and particulate matter (PM) concentration response to
a series of emission control strategies. The emission inventories developed to support the HDD
rulemaking include the following:
•	1996 Base Year;
•	2007 Base Case;
•	2007 Control Case;
•	2020 Base Case;
•	2020 Control Case;
•	2030 Base Case; and
•	2030 Control Case.
These national inventories were prepared for all 50 States at the county level for mobile
highway and mobile nonroad sources. They were prepared for the 48 contiguous States at the
county-level for electric generating unit (EGU), non-EGU point, and stationary area sources. The
inventories contain annual and typical summer season day (SSD) emissions for the following
pollutants: oxides of nitrogen (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOC), carbon monoxide
(CO), oxides of sulfur (SOx), primary particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than
or equal to 10 micrometers and 2.5 micrometers (PM10 and PM2 5), ammonia (NH3), and
secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The 2007, 2020, and 2030 Base Case inventories are
prepared by applying growth and control assumptions to the 1996 Base Year inventory. The
2007, 2020, and 2030 Control Case inventories are developed from the 2007, 2020, and 2030
Base Case inventories, respectively, by applying HDE/FS control assumptions to the on-highway
vehicle and nonroad emission source sectors. This report provides supplemental data to the
report entitled Procedures for Developing Base Year and Future Year Mass and Modeling
Inventories for the Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel (HDD)
Rulemaking, September 29, 2000, which documents the procedures and assumptions applied to
prepare the emissions inventories.
This report contains summary data for the 48 contiguous States only, although for highway
mobile and nonroad mobile sources all 50 States were included in the inventories.
1

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This report provides the following types of summaries for each of the seven inventories:
I.	Annual National HDD Rulemaking Emissions and Emissions Reductions by Tier 2
Source Category
II.	Annual State-Level Emissions and Emissions Reductions by Major Source Category
in. Summer Season Daily State-Level Emissions and Emissions Reductions by Major
Source Category
IV.	State-Level Annual and SSD NOx Emissions and Emissions Reductions by State and
Inventory
V.	County-Level Annual and Average Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) by State,
County, and Vehicle Type
For the Tier 2-level summary tables presented in Section I, biogenic emissions for NH3 are
shown because these emissions are included in the area source inventories prepared under this
project. Biogenic VOC emissions are not shown in these tables because they are prepared
separately by EPA for input to the modeling analyses.
For the off-highway Tier 1 category shown in the tables for Section I, total off-highway
emissions do not match the totals shown for nonroad emissions by State presented in the tables
for Sections n, HI, and IV. This is because the emissions for four SCC's are included in the
tables that summarize emissions by State, but do not fall under the off-highway Tier 1 category
shown in the Section I tables. The SCCs, their descriptions, and the Tier 1 and 2 categories to
which they are assigned in the Section I tables are as follows:
Tier 1 Category = Miscellaneous
Tier 2 Category = Fugitive Dust
SCC = 2275085000: Mobile Sources; Aircraft; Unpaved Airstrips
Tier 1 Category = Storage and Transportation
Tier 2 Category = Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage
SCC = 2275900000: Mobile Sources; Aircraft; Refueling; All fuels; All processes
SCC = 2275900101: Mobile Sources; Aircraft; Refueling; All fuels; Displacement
Loss/Uncontrolled
SCC = 2275900102: Mobile Sources; Aircraft; Refueling; All fuels; Displacement
Loss/Controlled
2

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SECTION I
ANNUAL NATIONAL HDD RULEMAKING EMISSIONS AND
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY TIER 2 SOURCE CATEGORY

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SECTION II
ANNUAL STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS
REDUCTIONS BY MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORY

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SECTION III
SUMMER SEASON DAILY STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS AND
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORY

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SECTION IV
STATE-LEVEL ANNUAL AND SSD NOx EMISSIONS AND
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS BY STATE AND INVENTORY

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SECTION V
COUNTY-LEVEL ANNUAL AND AVERAGE DAILY
VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT) BY STATE,
COUNTY, AND VEHICLE TYPE

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