EPA/600/R-16/139 | June 2016 | www.epa.gov
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Reference and Equivalent
Methods Used to Measure
National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) Criteria
Air Pollutants - Volume I
Authors: Joseph H. Gilliam (EPA/ORD)
and Eric S. Hall (EPA/ORD)
Office of Research and Development
National Exposure Research Laboratory
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&EPA
EPA/600/R-16/139 | June 2016 | www.epa.gov
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Reference and Equivalent
Methods Used to Measure
National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) Criteria
Air Pollutants - Volume I
Authors: Joseph H. Gilliam (EPA/ORD)
and Eric S. Hall (EPA/ORD)
Office of Research and Development
National Exposure Research Laboratory
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Executive Summary
There are a number of Federal Reference Method (FRM)
and Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) systems used to
monitor the six criteria air pollutants (Lead [Pb], Carbon
Monoxide [CO], Sulfur Dioxide [S02], Nitrogen Dioxide
[N02], Ozone |0,|. Particulate Matter [PM]) to determine if
an area is compliant with the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) for these air pollutants. EPA publishes
the list of active FRMs and FEMs on a semi-annual basis,
but the list is not a comprehensive one, and anyone wishing
to find information for all of the FRMs and FEMs must
consult a large number of resources, since the information
is not located in a single document. This report is the first
attempt to list all of the available FRMs and FEMs in a single
document.
As new FRMs and FEMs are approved, they will be listed
in subsequent volumes of this document. This document is a
resource for researchers needing to understand the operation
of the monitors/samplers/analyzers used for criteria air
pollutants that may be the focus of health studies. It is also a
resource for regulatory personnel who need to know which
air pollution monitoring systems are available (e.g., active
and valid) for use in measurement and calibration studies.
The document is a planning tool for scientists who validate
and approve new air pollution monitoring systems, allowing
them to assess which systems need to be upgraded during the
NAAQS reviews for each criteria air pollutant.
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Table of Contents
1.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs) Particulate Matter (PM10) 1
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-Stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40, Part 50, App. J) 1
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Beta-Attenuation Monitoring 7
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM®) 10
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Dichotomous Air Sampler 12
2.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs)Particulate Matter (PM25) 13
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40, Part 50, App. L) 13
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Beta-Attenuation Monitoring 17
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC) 20
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM®) 24
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Dichotomous Air Sampler 26
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Laser Aerosol Spectrometry 28
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-Stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40, Part 50, App. L) 29
3.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):
Particulate Matter - Coarse: (PM10_2 5) or (PMc) 29
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Beta-Attenuation Monitoring 31
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM®) 32
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Dichotomous Air Sampler 33
4.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Sulfur Dioxide (S02) 35
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Pararosaniline Method (CFR 40, Part 50, App. A) 35
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): U.V. Fluorescence 35
5.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Ozone (O,) 43
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Ethylene Chemiluminescence (CFR 40, Part 50, App. D) 43
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): U.V. Photometry 45
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) 54
6.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Carbon Monoxide (CO) 57
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry (CFR 40, Part 50, App. C) 57
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): U.V. Photometry 64
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Gas Phase Chemiluminescence (CFR 40, Part. 50, App. F) 65
7.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,) - a component of
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 65
Federal Equivalence Method (FEM): Sodium Arsenite (SA) Method for NO, 73
Federal Equivalence Method (FEM): TGS-ANSA 73
Federal Equivalence Method (FEM): Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry (DOAS) 73
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): U.V. Photolytic Conversion 75
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Spectroscopy (CAPS) 76
8.0 Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Lead (Pb) 77
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Reference Method for the Determination of Lead (Pb) in Total Suspended Particulate
(TSP) Matter {Collected from Ambient Air Using a High-Volume Sampler} (CFR 40, Part 50, Appendix G) 77
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry 77
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Flame/Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 78
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry 78
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) 80
9.0 References EPA Reference and Equivalent Methods 83
Appendix A Information Requests for FRMs and FEMs A-l
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List
of Figures
Figure 1 Andersen Model RAAS10-100 PM10 Single Channel PM10 Sampler (RFPS-0699-130) 1
Figure 2 Andersen Model RAAS10-200 PM10 Single Channel PM wAudit Sampler (RFPS-0699-131) 2
Figure 3 Andersen Model RAAS10-300 PM 10Multi Channel PM10 Sampler (RFPS-0699-132) 2
Figure 4 BGI Incorporated Model PQ100 Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-124) 2
Figure 5 BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-125) 3
Figure 6 Ecotech Model 3000 PM10 High Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-0706-162) 3
Figure 7 Graseby Andersen/GMW Model 1200 High-Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-1287-063) 3
Figure 8 Graseby Andersen/GMW Model 321-B High-Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-1287-064) 4
Figure 9 Thermo Scientific or Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol® Model 2000 Air Sampler (RFPS-0694-098) 5
Figure 10 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM10 Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i
PM10 Air Sampler or Rupprecht and Patashnick Partisol®-FRM 2000 PM10 Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-126) .... 5
Figure 11 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 PM10 Sequential Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2025i PM10 Sequential Air Sampler or Rupprecht and Patashnick Partisol®-Plus 2025 PM10 Sequential
Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-127) 5
Figure 12. Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-6070 PM10 High-Volume Air Sampler or New Star Enviromnental Model NS-6070
PM10 High-Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-0202-141) 6
Figure 13 Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-WilburlO Particulate Sampler - PM10 (RFPS-0714-216) 6
Figure 14 DKK-TOA Models FPM-222/222C, FPM223/223C, and DUB-222(S)/223(S) PM10 Monitor
(EQPM-0905-156) 7
Figure 16 Met One or Sibata Models BAM/GBAM 1020, BAM/GBAM 1020-1, Horiba APDA-371, or Ecotech Spirant
BAM1000 (EQPM-0798-122) 8
Figure 15 Environnement S.A. Model MP101M PM10 Monitor (EQPM-0404-151) 8
Figure 17 Opsis Model SM200 PM10 Monitor (EQPM-0810-193) 9
Figure 18 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System or SWAM 5a Dual Channel Monitor
(EQPM-0912-205) ' 9
Figure 19 Thermo Andersen Series FH 62 C14 Continuous PM10 Monitor Thermo Scientific Model 5014i Beta
(5014i Beta), Continuous Ambient Particulate Monitor (EQPM-1102-150) 9
Figure 20. Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400AB/TEOM® 1405 Ambient Particulate Monitor or Rupprecht & Patashnick
TEOM® Series 1400/1400a PM10 Monitors (EQPM-1090-079) 10
Figure 21 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS®
(EQPM-1013-208) 11
Figure 22 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D
Dichotomous Air Sampler (EQPS-0311-197) 12
Figure 23 Thermo Scientific Dichotomous Partisol®-Plus 2025-D Sequential Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific
Dichotomous Partisol® 2025i-D Sequential Air Sampler (EQPS-0311-198) 12
Figure 24 Andersen Model RAAS2.5-200 PM, 5 Ambient Audit Air Sampler (RFPS-0299-128) 13
Figure 25 BGI Inc. Models PQ200 or PQ200A PM, 5 Ambient Fine Particle Sampler (RFPS-0498-116) 14
Figure 26 Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-100 PM, 5 Ambient Air Sampler (RFPS-0598-119) 14
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Figure 27 Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-300 PM, 5 Sequential Ambient Air Sampler (RFPS-0598-120) 14
Figure 28 Met One e-FRM-PM,s (RFPS-0315-221) 15
Figure 29 Rupprecht & Pataslinick Partisol®-FRM Model 2000 PM25 Air Sampler (RFPS-0498-117) 15
Figure 30 Rupprecht & Pataslinick Partisol® Model 2000 PM, 5 Audit Sampler (RFPS-0499-129) 15
Figure 31 Rupprecht & Pataslinick Partisol®-Plus Model 2025 Sequential Air Sampler (RFPS-0498-118) 16
Figure 32 Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 Particulate Sampler - PM25 (RFPS-1014-219) 16
Figure 33 Environnement SA. Model MP101M PM25 Monitor (EQPM-1013-211) 17
Figure 34 Met One BAM-1020 Monitor - PM, 5 FEM Configuration, Horiba APDA-371- PM, 5 Configuration, or Ecotech
Spirant BAM1100 (EQPM-0308-170) 18
Figure 35 Met One BAM-1022 Real Time Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor-Outdoor PM, 5 FEM Configuration
(EQPM-1013-209) " 18
Figure 36 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System or SWAM 5a Dual Channel Monitor
(EQp'm-09 12-204) ' 19
Figure 37 Thermo Scientific Model 5014i or Thermo Scientific FH62C14-DHS Continuous Ambient Particle Monitor
(EQPM-0609-183) 19
Figure 38. Thermo Scientific Model 5030i SHARP Monitor or Model 5030 SHARP Monitor (EQPM-0609-184) 19
Figure 39 BGI Inc. Models PQ200-VSCC™ or PQ200A-VSCC™ PM, 5 Sampler (RFPS-0498-116 or EQPM-0202-142) . 20
Figure 40 Opsis SM200- Dust Monitor (EQPM-0812-203) 21
Figure 41 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM, 5 Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific
Partisol® 2000i PM, 5 Air Sampler or Rupprecht & Pataslinick Partisol®-FRM 2000 PM, 5 Air Sampler
(RFPS-0498-117 or EQPM-0202-143) " 22
Figure 42 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 Sequential PM, 5 Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2025i Sequential PM, 5 Air Sampler or Rupprecht & Pataslinick Partisol®-Plus 2025 PM, 5 Sequential Sampler
(RFPS-0498-118 or EQPM-0202-145) " 22
Figure 43 Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 Particulate Sampler-PM25 (EQPS-0415-223) 23
Figure 44 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400a Ambient Particulate Monitor with Series 8500C FDMS®; Thermo Scientific
TEOM® 1405-F Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS® (EQPM-0609-181) 24
Figure 45 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS®
(EQPM-0609-182) 25
Figure 46 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D
Dichotomous Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-177) 26
Figure 47 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific
Partisol® 2025i-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-179) 27
Figure 48 Grimm Model EDM 180 PM2 5 Monitor (EQPM-0311-195) 28
Figure 49 BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 Sampler Pair (RFPS-1208-173) 29
Figure 50 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 Sequential PM 5 Air Sampler Pair or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2025i Sequential PM10_, 5 Air Sampler Pair (RFPS-0509-176) 30
Figure 51 Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-Wilbur Low-Volume Air Particulate Sampler Pair (RFPS-1014-220) 30
Figure 52 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System or SWAM 5a Dual Channel Monitor (EQPM -0912-
206) ' ' 31
Figure 53 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS®
(EQPM-1013-207) 32
Figure 54 Met One Instruments BAM-1020 PM10 25 Measurement System (EQPM-0709-185) 33
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Figure 55 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D
Dichotomous Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-178) 34
Figure 56 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher
Scientific Partisol® 2025iD Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-180) 34
Figure 57 Dasibi Model 4108 U.V. Fluorescence S02 Analyzer (EQSA-1086-061) 36
Figure 58 DKK-TOA Corp. Model GFS-312E Ambient SO, Analyzer (EQSA-1107-168) 36
Figure 59. Ecotech Serinus 50 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS50 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer or
Teledyne Analytical Instruments 6400E Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer or Tisch Enviromnental TE 2.0
Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer (EQSA-0809-188) 37
Figure 60. Environnement S.A. Model AF21M SO, Analyzer (EQSA-0292-084) 37
Figure 61. Environnement S.A. Model AF22M S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0802-149) 37
Figure 63 Horiba Model APSA-370 Ambient S02 Monitor (EQSA-0506-159) 38
Figure 62 Horiba Models APSA-360, APSA-360-CE, or APSA-360A-CE SO, Monitors (EQSA-0197-114) 38
Figure 64 SERES Model SF 2000 G Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer (EQSA-0810-194) 39
Figure 65 SIR S.A. Model S-5001 U.V. Fluorescence SO2 Analyzer (EQSA-0507-166) 39
Figure 66 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Models 100A, 100AS, 100E, 100EU, T100, T100U;
Teledyne Analytical Instruments Model 6400A; or Teledyne Monitor Labs sensor-e™ Model TML-50
S02 Analyzers; or recordum airpointer® system module 801-001000 (EQSA-0495-100) 40
Figure 67 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Model ML9850/CM2050/EC9850/EC9850T; Teledyne Monitor Labs/
Casella/ Ecotech/Model ML9850B/CM2050B/EC9850B; or Wedding & Associates Model 1040 S02 Analyzers
(EQSA-0193-092) .......41
Figure 68 Thermo Electron Model 43 S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0276-009) 41
Figure 69 Thermo Enviromnental Instruments, Inc./Thenno Electron Models 43 A, 43B, 43C, 43C-TLE, 43i,
43i-TLE SO, Analyzers (EQSA-0486-060) 42
Figure 72 2B Technologies Model 106-L or 106-OEM-L Ozone Monitor (EQOA-0914-218) 46
Figure 73 Dasibi Models 1003-AH, 1003-PC, or 1003-RS Ozone Analyzers (EQOA-0577-019) 46
Figure 71 2B Technologies Model 211 Ozone Monitor (EQOA-0514-215) 46
Figure 74 Dasibi Models 1008-AH, 1008-PC, or 1008-RS Ozone Analyzers (EQOA-0383-056) 47
Figure 75 DKK-TOA Corp. Model GUX-313E Ambient O, Analyzer (EQOA-1107-169) 47
Figure 76 Ecotech Serinus 10 Ozone Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS 10 Ozone Analyzer or Tisch Enviromnental TE
1.0 Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0809-187) 47
Figure 78 Environnement S.A. Model O, 42e UV Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0515-225) 48
Figure 79 Horiba Instruments Models APOA-360 or APOA-360-CE Ozone Monitor (EQOA-0196-112) 48
Figure 77 Environics Series 300 Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0990-078) 48
Figure 80 Horiba Instruments Model APOA-370 Ozone Monitor (EQOA-0506-160) 49
Figure 81 SIR S.A. Model S-5014 O, Analyzer (EQOA-0207-164) 50
Figure 82 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Model 400E or T400; Advanced Pollution Instrumentation,
Model 400/400A; Teledyne Monitor Labs sensor-e™ Model TML-10 Ozone Analyzers; or recordum airpointer®
system module 801-004000; (EQOA-0992-087) 51
Figure 84 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Models ML9810/CM2010/EC9810, -11, or -12, Teledyne
Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Model ML9810B/CM2010B/EC9810B, or Wedding & Associates Model
1010 Ozone Analyzers (EQOA-0193-091) 52
Figure 83 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Model T204 Analyzer (EQOA-0514-214) 52
Figure 85 Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath Monitoring System (EQOA-0400-137) 54
viii
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Figure 86 Opsis Model AR 500 and System 300 Open Path Ambient Air Monitoring Systems for Ozone
(EQOA-0495-103) ' ' 55
Figure 87 Dasibi Model 3008 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0488-067) 58
Figure 88 DKK-TOA Corporation Model GFC-31 IE Ambient CO Analyzer (RFCA-0907-167) 58
Figure 89 Ecotech Serinus 30 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer or OPSIS AB OPS 30 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer or Teledyne
Analytical Instruments GFC7001E Carbon Monoxide Analyzer or Tisch Enviromnental TE 3.0 Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer (RFCA-0509-174) 58
Figure 90 Environnement S.A. Model COllM CO Analyzer (RFCA-0995-108) 59
Figure 91 Environnement S.A. Model C012M CO Analyzer (RFCA-0206-147) 59
Figure 92 Horiba Models APMA-360 or APMA-360-CE CO Monitor (RFCA-0895-106) 59
Figure 93 Horiba Model APMA-370 CO Monitor (RFCA-0506-158) 60
Figure 94 SIR S.A. Model S-5006 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0708-172) 61
Figure 95 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 300, 300E, 300EU, T300, T300U or
Teledyne Monitor Labs sensor-e™ Model TML-30 CO Analyzer; or recordum airpointer® system module
801-003000 (RFCA-1093-093) '. ' 61
Figure 96 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Model ML9830/CM2030/EC9830/EC9830T 62
Figure 97 Thermo Electron/Thermo Enviromnental Instruments Models 48, 48C, 48CTLE, 48i, 48iTLE
(RFCA-0981-054) 63
Figure 98 Peak Laboratories, Model 910-170 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer (EQCA-0814-217) 64
Figure 99 Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc. Model 200 NO, Analyzer (RFNA-0691-082) 65
Figure 100 Dasibi Model 2108 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer (RFNA-1192-089) 66
Figure 101 DKK-TOA Corporation Model GLN-314E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-0508-171) 67
Figure 103 Environnement S. A. Model AC31M NO, Analyzer (RFNA-0795-104) 67
Figure 102 Ecotech Serinus 40 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS40 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer or Teledyne
Analytical Instruments 9110E Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer or Tisch Enviromnental TE 4.0 Oxides of Nitrogen
Analyzer (RFNA-0809-186) ' 67
Figure 105 Horiba Instruments Models APNA-360 or APNA-360-CE NO-N02-NOx Monitor (RFNA-0196-111) 68
Figure 106 Horiba Instruments Model APNA-370 NO, Monitor (RFNA-0506-157) 68
Figure 104 Environnement S. A. Model AC32M NO, Analyzer (RFNA-0202-146) 68
Figure 107 Seres Model NOx 2000 G Nitrogen Dioxide Analyzer (RFNA-0706-163) 69
Figure 109 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 200A, 200AU, 200E, 200EU, T200, T200U, T204; Teledyne
Analytical Instruments Model 9110A; or Teledyne Monitor Labs sensor-e™ Model TML-41 NO, Analyzers; or
recordum airpointer® System, Module 801-002000 (RFNA-1194-099) 70
Figure 108 SIR S.A. Model S-5012 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-0804-152) 70
Figure 110 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Models ML9841/CM2041, ML9841A/CM2041A/EC9841A/EC9841T,
Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech Model ML9841B/CM2041B/EC9841B, or Wedding & Associates Model
1030 NO, Analyzers (RFNA-1292-090) 71
Figure lllThenno Enviromnental Instruments Models 42, 42C, 42i NO/NO,/NOxAnalyzer (RFNA-1289-074) 72
Figure 112 Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath Monitoring System (EQNA-0400-139) 73
Figure 113 Opsis Model AR 500 and System 300 Open Path Ambient Air Monitoring Systems for NO, (EQNA-0495-102) 74
Figure 114 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model 200EUP or T200UP Chemiluminescence Nitrogen Oxides
Analyzer (EQNA-0512-200) 75
Figure 115 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Model T500U CAPS Nitrogen Dioxide Analyzer
(EQNA-0514-212) ' 76
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List of Tables
Table 1
A
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1.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Particulate Matter
(pMio)
Particulate Matter (PM10):Criteria Pollutant:
Particulate Matter (PM10)
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-
Stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40,
Part 50, App. J)
Theory of Operation:
The in-stack particulate filtration technique relies on the
method of measurement described in Appendix J of 40 CFR,
Part 50: "An air sampler draws ambient air at a constant
flow rate into a specially shaped inlet where the suspended
particulate matter is inertially separated into one or more
size fractions within the PM10 size range. Each size fraction
in the PM10 size range is then collected on a separate
filter over the specified sampling period. The particle size
discrimination characteristics (sampling effectiveness and
50 percent cutpoint) of the sampler inlet are prescribed as
performance specifications in Part 53 of this chapter. Each
filter is weighed (after moisture equilibration) before and
after use to determine the net weight (mass) gain due to
collected PM10. The total volume of air sampled, corrected to
EPA reference conditions (250 C, 101.3 kPa) is determined
based on the measured flow rate and the sampling time. The
mass concentration of P.M.. in the ambient air is computed
as the total mass of collected particles in the PM10 size range
divided by the volume of air sampled and is expressed in
micrograms per standard cubic meter."
Interferences:
Since filtration determines concentration by weight, any
moisture that accumulates in the filter will cause errors in the
measurement. Therefore, this moisture must be removed as
shown in the filter equilibration procedure in Section 9.0 of
Appendix J in 40 CFR, Part 50.
Advantages:
This method is typically less expensive than some of its
equivalent counterparts. Still, when calibration is performed
to the manufacturer's specifications, it can be a very accurate
method for measuring PMI0 concentrations.
Method Status:
Currently, in-stack particulate filtration is the most common
method for the determination of PM10. Its reliability, cost,
and ease of use make it the preferred method for PM10
concentration measurement.
Figure 1 Andersen Mode! RAAS10-100 PM|0 Single Channel
PM10 Sampler (RFPS-0699-130)
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of PM10 using in-stack particulate
filtration:
"Andersen Instruments. Incorporated Model RAAS10-100
Single Channel Reference Method PM10 Sampler," with
RAAS-10 PM... inlet or the louvered inlet specified in 40
CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured as a
PM]0 reference method, and operated for 24-hour continuous
sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/ minute, and
in accordance with the Model RAAS105-100 Operator's
Manual and with the requirements and sample collection
filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J.
(Federal Register: Vol. 64, page 33481, 06/23/1999)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 mmHg
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Andersen Instruments. Incorporated Model RAAS10-200 Single Channel
Reference Method PM10 Audit Sampler," with RAAS-10 PM.;, inlet or the louvered
inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured as a
PM10 reference method, and operated for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a
flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, and in accordance with the Model RAAS 105-200
Operator's Manual and with the requirements and sample collection filters specified
in 40 CFR Part 50. Appendix J.
(Federal Register: Vol. 64, page 33481, 06/23/1999)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 lmnHg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 muiHg
Figure 2 Andersen Model RAAS 10-200
PM... Single Channel PM10 Audit Sampler
(RFPS-0699-131)
"Andersen Instruments, Incorporated Model RAAS 10-300 Multi-Channel
Sequential Reference Method PM |0 Sampler," with RAAS-10 PM10 inlet or the
louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured
as a PM10 reference method, and operated for 24-liour continuous sample periods
at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, and in accordance with the Model RAAS 105-
300 Operator's Manual and with the requirements and sample collection filters
specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J. (Federal Register: Vol. 64, page 33481,
06/23/1999)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 nimllg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 muiHg
Figure 3 Andersen Model RAAS 10-
300 PM10 Multi Channel PM10 Sampler
(RFPS-0699-132)
"BGI Incorporated or Mesa Laboratories Incorporated Model PQ100 Air Sampler,"
with BGI 16.7 Inlet Kit or the lowered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L,
Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured as a PM10 reference method, for 24-hour continuous
sample periods at a flow rate of 16.7 liters/minute, with original firmware Version
5.X and lower or new firmware version 6.0 and higher, operated in accordance
with the original Model PQ100 Instruction Manual or manual revision Version 7.0,
as appropriate, and with the requirements specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix
J, using either the original or the newer PQ200- type filter cassettes, and with or
without the optional Solar Panel Power Supply. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page
69625, 12/17/1998 Latest modification: 01/2009; 6/2015)
Temperature Range: -25°C - 105°C
Temperature Accuracy: ±1°C
Pressure Range: 0.68-1.09 atm
Pressure Accuracy: ±1.5%
Flow Rate: 5-18 LPM
Figure 4 BGI Incorporated Model PQ100
Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-124)
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7
"BGI Incorporated or Mesa Laboratories Incorporated Model PQ200 Air Sampler,"
with "flat plate" PM]0 inlet or the louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix
L. Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured as a PM10 reference method, and operated for 24-
hour continuous sample periods in accordance with the Model PQ200 Instruction
Manual and with the requirements specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J, and
with or without the optional Solar Panel Power Supply. (Federal Register: Vol. 63,
page 69625, 12/17/1998 Latest modification: 6/2015)
Figure 5 BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 Air
Sampler (RFPS-1298-125)
"Ecotech Pty. Ltd. Model 3000 PM,e High Volume Air Sampler," configured with
the Ecotech PM10 Size-Selective Inlet (SSI) (P-ECO-HVS3000-02), with the flow
rate set to 1.13 m3 /min (67.8 mVhour). (Federal Register: Vol. 71. page 42089,
07/25/2006)
Flow Rate: 45-96 ni'/liour
Flow Accuracy: ±1 niVhour
Flow Repeatability: 1.0%
Temperature Range; 0°C-45°C
Temperature Accuracy: ±1°C
Pressure Accuracy: ±4 mrnHg
Figure 6 Ecotech Model 3000 PM10 High
Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-0706-162)
"Sierra-Andersen or General Metal Works Model 1200 PM10 High-Volume Air
Sampler System," consisting of a Sierra Andersen or General Metal Works Model
1200 PM10 Size-Selective Inlet and any of the high-volume air samplers identified
as SAUV-10H, SAUV-11H, GMW-IP-10, GMW-1P-10-70, GMW-IP-10-801, or
GMW-IP-10-8000, which include the following components: Anodized aluminum
high-volume shelter with either acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic filter holder
and motor/blower housing or stainless steel filter holder and phenolic plastic motor/
blower housing; 0.6 HP motor/blower; pressure transducer flow recorder; either
an electronic mass flow controller or a volumetric flow controller; either a digital
timer/programmer, seven-day mechanical timer, six-day timer/programmer, or
solid-state timer/programmer; elapsed time indicator; and filter cartridge. (Federal
Register: Vol. 52, page 45684, 12/01/1987 and Vol. 53, page 1062, 01/15/1988)
Figure 7 Graseby Andersen/GMW
Model 1200 High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-063)
3
-------
Figure 8 Graseby Andersen/GMW
Model 321-B High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-064)
"Sierra-Andersen or General Metal Works Model 321-B PM,._ High-Volume Air
Sampler System," consisting of a Sierra Andersen or General Metal Works Model
321-B PM10 Size-Selective Inlet and any of the high-volume air samplers identified
as SAUV-10H, SAUV-11H, GMW-IP-10. GMW-IP-10-70, GMW-IP-10-801, or
GMW-IP-10-8000, wliich include the following components: Anodized aluminum
high-volume shelter with either acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic filter holder
and motor/blower housing or stainless steel filter holder and phenolic plastic motor/
blower housing; 0.6 HP motor/blower; pressure transducer flow recorder; either
an electronic mass flow controller or a volumetric flow controller; either a digital
timer/programmer, seven-day mechanical timer, six-dav timer/programmer, or
solid-state timer/programmer; elapsed time indicator; and filter cartridge. (Federal
Register: Vol. 52, page 45684, 12/01/1987 and Vol. 53, page 1062, 01/15/1988)
Graseby Andersen/GMW Model 321-C High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-065)*
"Sierra-Andersen or General Metal Works Model 321-C PM10 High-Volume Air
Sampler System," consisting of a Sierra Andersen General Metal Works Model
321-C PM10 or Size-Selective Inlet and any of the high-volume air samplers
identified as SAUV-10H, SAUV-11H, GMW-IP-10, GMW-IP-10-70, GMW-
IP-10-801. or GMW-IP-10-8000, which include the following components:
Anodized aluminum high-volume shelter with either acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
plastic filter holder and motor/blower housing or stainless steel filter holder and
phenolic plastic motor/blower housing; 0.6 HP motor/blower; pressure transducer
flow recorder; either an electronic mass flow controller or a volumetric flow
controller; either a digital timer/programmer, seven-day mechanical timer, six-day
timer/programmer, or solid-state timer/programmer; elapsed time indicator; and
filter cartridge. (Federal Register: Vol. 52, page 45684, 12/01/1987 and Vol. 53,
page 1062, 01/15/1988)
Graseby Andersen/GMW Models SA241 and SA241M Dichotomous
Sampler (RFPS-0789-073)*
"Sierra-Andersen Models SA241 and SA241M or General Metal Works
Models G241 and G241M PM10 Dichotomous Samplers," consisting of the
following components: Sampling Module with SA246b or G246b 10 Vm inlet
or the louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19,
2.5 Vm virtual impactor assembly, 37 mm coarse and fine particulate filter
holders, and tripod mount; Control Module with diaphragm vacuum pump,
pneumatic constant flow controller, total and coarse flow rotameters and
vacuum gauges, pressure switch (optional), 24-hour flow/event recorder, digital
timer/programmer or 7-day skip timer, and elapsed time indicator. (Federal
Register: Vol. 54, page 31247,07/27/1989)
Oregon DEQ Medium Volume PM10 Sampler (RFPS-0389-071)*
"Oregon DEQ Medium Volume PM]0 Sampler." NOTE: This method is no longer
commercially available. (Federal Register: Vol. 54, page 12273, 03/24/1989)
METHOD IS NO LONGER COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
*Photo NgtAyailable
-------
Hi
m
. rH
Figure 9 Thermo Scientific or Rupprecht
& Patashnick Partisol® Model 2000 Air
Sampler (RFPS-0694-098)
Figure 10 Thermo Scientific Partisol®
2000-FRM PM10 Air Sampler or Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i PM10Air
Sampler or Rupprecht and Patashnick
Partisol®-FRM 2000 PM|0 Air Sampler
(RFPS-1298-126)
Figure 11 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-
Plus 2025 PM |0 Sequential Air Sampler or
Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i
PM1tl Sequential Air Sampler or Rupprecht
and Patashnick Partisol®-PI us 2025 PM10
Sequential Air Sampler (RFPS-1298-127)
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000 Air Sampler" or "Rupprecht & Patashnick
Partisol® Model 2000 Air Sampler," consisting of a Hub Unit and 0,1, 2, or 3
Satellite Units, with each sampling station used for PMI0 measurements equipped
with a Rupprecht & Pataslinick PM10 inlet and operated for continuous 24-hour
periods using the Basic, Manual, Time, Analog Input, or Serial Input programming
modes, and with or without any of the following options: PM, 5-style filter cassette
holder; louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L. Figs. L-2 thru L-19 in
lieu of standard inlet; 57-002320 Stand for Hub or Satellite; 59-002542 Advanced
EPROM; 10-001403 Large Pump (1/4 HP); 120 VAC. Hardware for Indoor
Installation consists of: 51-002638 Temperature Sensor (Extended Length); 55-
001289 Roof Flange (1 1/4"): 57-000604 Support Tripod for Inlet; 57-002526-0001
Sample Tube Extension (1 m); 57-002526-0002 Sample Tube Extension (2 m).
Hardware for Outdoor Installation in Extreme Cold Environments consists of 10-
002645 Insulating Jacket for Hub Unit. (Federal Register: Vol. 59, page 35338,
07/11/1994)
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM]0 Air Sampler" or "Thermo Fisher
Scientific Partisol® 2000i PM10 Air Sampler" or "Rupprecht and Patashnick
Partisol®-FRM 2000 PM10 Air Sampler," with PM10 inlet or louvered inlet specified
in 40 CFR 50, Appendix L, Figures L-2 through L-19. configured as a PM10
reference method with a U.S. EPA PM]0 inlet with straight downtube adapter and
operated for 24-hour continuous sampling periods in accordance with the Partisol®
2000-FRM or Partisol® 2000i instruction manual, as appropriate, and with the
requirements specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J. Model 2000i operated
with firmware version 2.0 or greater. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 69625,
12/17/1998 Latest modification: 06/ 2011) (Specifications are for Thermo Fisher
Scientific Partisol® 2000i)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 122°C
Flow Rate: 5-18 LPM
"Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 Sequential Air Sampler" or "Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i Sequential Air Sampler" or "Rupprecht and
Patashnick Partisol®-Plus 2025 PM.. Sequential Air Sampler," with PM|0 inlet
or louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50. Appendix L, Figures L-2 through L-19,
configured as a PM1() reference method and operated for 24-liour continuous
sampling periods. Partisol®-Plus 2025 to be operated with any software version
1.003 through 1.5 and the Partisol® 2025i with firmware version 2.0 or greater,
with the modified filter shuttle mechanism, in accordance with the Partisol®-
Plus 2025 or Partisol® 2025i instraction manual, as appropriate, and with the
requirements specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J. (Federal Register: Vol. 63,
page 69625, 12/17/1998 Last modified: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i)
Temperature Range: -14°C - 122°C
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
-------
' '¦
Figure 12. Tisch Environmental Model
TE-6070 PMf0 High-Volume Air Sampler
or New Star Environmental Model NS-
6070 PM10 High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-0202-141)
"Tisch Environmental Model TE-6070 or New Star Environmental Model NS-
6070 PM High-Volume Air Sampler," consisting of a TE-6001 PM size-selective
inlet, 8" x 10" filter holder, aluminum outdoor shelter, mass flow controller or
volumetric flow controller with brush orbrushless motor, 7-day mechanical off/
on-elapsed timer or 11-day digital off/on elapsed timer, and any of the high volume
sampler variants identified as TE-6070-BL or NS-6070-BL, TE-6070D or NS-
6070D. TE-6070D-BL orNS-6070-BL, TE-6070V or NS-6070V. TE-6070V-BL or
NS-6070V-BL, TE-6070-DV or NS-6070- DV, or TE-6070D V-BL or NS-6070DV-
BL, with or without the optional stainless steel filter media holder/filter cartridge
or continuous flow/pressure recorder. (Federal Register: Vol. 67, page 15566,
04/02/2002)
TISCH
Figure 13 Tisch Environmental Model
TE-Wilbur10 Particulate Sampler - PM10
(RFPS-0714-216)
"Tisch Environmental Model TE-WilburlO PM10 Low-Volume Air Particulate
Sampler,'" consisting of a TE-PMI0-D PM,0 size-selective inlet, specified in 40
CFR 50 Appendix L Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured as a PM10 reference method,
operated for 24 continuous sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 L/min, using 47
mm PTFE membrane filter media, operated with or without the optional TE-W-600
Solar Panel Power Supply kit, operating with firmware version 1.70 or later, and
operated in accordance with the Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-WilburlO PM10
Low-Volume Air Particulate Sampler instruction manual and with the requirements
and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J. (Federal
Register: Vol. 79, page 49307, 08/20/2014 Latest modification: 6/2015)
Temperature Range: -25°C - 50°C
Flow Range: 0-25 LPM
Flow Accuracy: ±3%
Temperature Accuracy: ±.15°C
Pressure Range: 450 mmHg-1238 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: ±10 mmHg
Wedding & Associates' or Thermo Environmental Instruments Inc. Model
600 PM10 High-Volume Sampler (RFPS-1087-062)*
"Wedding & Associates' or Thermo Environmental Instruments, Inc. Model 600
PM10 Critical Flow High-Volume Sampler," consisting of the following W&A/
TEII components: PM,0 Inlet; Critical Flow Device; Anodized Aluminum Shelter;
Blower Motor Assembly for 115, 220 or 240 VAC and 50/60 Hz; Mechanical
Timer; Elapsed Time Indicator; and Filter Cartridge/Cassette, and with or without
the following options: Digital Timer, 6 or 7 Day Timer, and 1 or 7 Day Pressure
Recorder. (Federal Register: Vol. 52, page 37366, 10/06/1987)
*Photo NgtAyailabh
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Beta-Attenuation Monitoring
Theory of Operation:
In a beta-attenuation monitor, a constant source of air is
drawn into the monitor through, a ribbon filter, which allows
particles to collect on the surface. The ribbon is then passed
through a detector, in which beta radiation from a source of
radiation pass through the particles. The attenuation of the
flow of beta radiation is exponentially proportional to the
mass of the particles the beta radiation encounters. When
calibration is performed to the manufacturer's specifications,
the detector can then determine the intensity of the beta rays
that pass through relative to a control sample. From this
information, the mass of particles can then be deduced.
Interferences:
The beta-attenuation process can be affected by several
environmental factors. Moisture in the air, in particular,
can affect readings of radiation. Calibration performed to
the manufacturer's specifications must be implemented to
guarantee factors such as humidity, temperature, and pressure
does not cause error.
Advantages:
Unlike filter-based measurement of particulate matter,
beta attenuation monitoring is a continuous process with
measurements being performed and data collected on an
hourly basis. Instrument precision is also much better than
that which is observed in filter-based (FRM) methods.
Method Status:
Beta attenuation monitors are the second most common type
of system used in PM10 monitoring networks after FRM
(filter-based) systems. It is a reliable and proved method
of particle measurement, with a variety of configurations
and options that can be used. The following is the list of
approved FEM devices used to measure PM10 based on the
beta attenuation method:
Figure 14 DKK-TOA Models FPM-222/222C, FPM223/223C, and
DUB-222(S)/223(S) PM10 Monitor (EQPM-0905-156)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM1() using beta-attenuation:
"DKK-TOA Models FPM-222, FPM-222C, FPM-223, FPM-
223C, DUB-222(S), and DUB-223(S) Particulate Monitor,"
for monitoring PM10 in Ambient Air (beta attenuation
monitor), configured for PM10, with Firmware Version
DUB4-658355, Corrected Slope Factor (FACT SLOPE) set
to 1.232, Corrected Zero Value (FACT ZERO) set to 1.8, and
with or without any of the following options: Auto Check
and Serial Recorder. (Federal Register: Vol. 70, page 56684,
09/28/2005)
(Specifications are for DKK-TOA Models FPM-222)
Temperature Range: 0-40°C
Flow Rate: 16.7 LPM
Measurement Accuracy: ±10 micrograms/m3
Beta Ray Source: 90|nCi. Prometliium 147
-------
Figure 15 Environnemertt S.A. Model
MP101M PM10 Monitor (EQPM-0404-151)
"Environnement S. A. Model MP101M PM... Beta Gauge Monitor," configured
with the louvered PM10 inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L or its flat-topped
predecessor version and one of the three optional temperature-regulated sampling
tubes (RST), and operated with a full scale measurement range of 0 - 0.500 mg/iif'
(0 - 500 :g/m3), with the sample flow rate set to 1.00 m3 /h and flow regulation set
to yes, the "norms selection" set to m3 (actual volume), the "cycle" set to 24 hours,
the "period" set to none, and the "counting time" set to 200 seconds.2 (Federal
Register: Vol. 69, page 18569, 4/8/2004)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 |ig/m3
Beta Ray Source: Carbon 14
Sampling Flow Rate: 1 rnVhour
Temperature Range: 10°C-40°C
Measurement Accuracy: ±5%
Graseby Aridersen/GMW Model FH621-N Beta Monitor (EQPM-099Q-076)*
"Andersen Instruments Model FH62I-N PM10 Beta Attenuation Monitor,"
consisting of the following components: FH101 Vacuum Pump Assembly; FH102
Accessory Kit; FH107 Roof Flange Kit; FH125 Zero and SpanPM10 Mass Foil
Calibration Kit; FH62I Beta Attenuation 19-inch Control Module; SA246b PM10
Inlet (16.7 liter/min) or the louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 thru L-19; operated for 24-hour average measurements, with an observing
time of 60 minutes, the calibration factor set to 2400, a glass fiber filter tape, an
automatic filter advance after each 24-hour sample period, and with or without
either of the following options: FH0P1 Indoor Cabinet: FH0P2 Outdoor Shelter
Assembly. (Federal Register: Vol. 55, page 38387, 09/18/1990)
Figure 16 Met One or Sibata Models BAM I
GBAM 1020, BAM/GBAM 1020-1, Horiba
APDA-371, or Ecotech Spirant BAM1000
(EQPM-0798-122)
"Met One Instruments or Sibata Scientific Technology Models BAM 1020, GBAM
1020, BAM 1020-1, GBAM 1020-1, Horiba APDA-371 PMl0 Beta Attenuation
Monitor, or Ecotech Spirant BAM1000" including the BX-802 EPAPM10 inlet (or
alternative louvered PM10 inlet meeting 40 CFR 50 Appendix L specifications),
operated for 24-hour average measurements, with a filter change frequency of
one hour, with glass fiber filter tape, and with or without any of the following
options: BX- 823, tube extension; BX-825, heater kit: BX-826, 230 VAC heater
kit; BX-827 "Smart Heater" set for maintaining moisture between 35% and 45%
and no AT control; BX-828, roof tripod; BX-902, exterior enclosure; BX-903,
exterior enclosure with temperature control; BX-961. mass flow controller: BX-
967, internal calibration device, BX-970 touch-screen display with USB interface.
For software (firmware) versions V3.0 or higher, a user-selectable measurement
time (COUNT TIME) of 4, 6, 8 or 10 minutes selected, along with appropriate
sample time (BAM SAMPLE) setting of 50, 46, 42 or 38 minutes, respectively, to
maintain a 60-minute measurement cycle. For software (firmware) versions V3.5
or higher, user-selectable option to sample under actual conditions (Flow Type:
ACTUAL) and report under standard conditions (Reporting: STD), which requires
the use of P/N BX-592 external temperature sensor or P/N BX-596 external
temperature/barometric pressure sensor. The user may also sample under standard
conditions (Flow Type: STD) and report under standard conditions (Reporting:
STD) with any software/firmware 2.0 or higher. Instrument must be operated in
accordance with the appropriate instrument manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 63,
page 41253, 08/03/1998 Latest modifications: 06/2009; 07/2010; 8/2010; 8/2012)
(Specifications are for Met One BAM-1020)
Temperature Range: 0°C - 50°C
Flow Rate: 16.7 LPM
Lower Detectable Limit: <4.8 |ig/m3 (hourly), <1.0 |ig/m3 (24 hours)
Beta Ray Source: Carbon 14
*Photo NgtAyailabh
-------
Figure 17 Opsis Model SM200 PM10
Monitor (EQPM-0810-193)
I il
Figure 18 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS
Particle Measurement System or SWAM 5a
Dual Channel Monitor (EQPM-0912-205)
"Opsis Model SM200 Monitor," beta gauge semi-continuous ambient particulate
monitor operated for 24 hours at a flow rate of 16.67 LPM between 5° and 40°C
using 47 mm PTFE membrane filter media, in the mass measurement range of 0 to
60 mg. configured with a BGI Model SSI25 PM10 inlet meeting criteria specified in
40 CFR 50 Appendix L, with a roof mounting kit, and with or without an inlet tube
heater (as recommended based on site RH conditions), according to the SM200
User's Guide. (Federal Register: Vol. 75, page 51039, 08/18/2010)
Flow Rate: 8-25 LPM
Flow Rate Accuracy: ±2%
Beta Ray Source: Carbon 14
Temperature Range: 5°C-35°C
"Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System" or "SWAM 5a
Dual Channel Monitor" configured for 1 -hour measurements of PM10 by beta
attenuation on a single sampling line (Line A or B, but not both together), with
the standard, louvered US EPA P.M.. size selective inlet specified in 40 CFR 50
Appendix L, using 47 mm glass fiber filters, at a sample flow set to 16.67 liters/
mill and software version 05-02.07.63 or later. Operated in accordance with the
Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System Operation Manual.
(Federal Register: Vol. 77, page 60985, 10/5/2012)
(Specifications are for Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS)
Flow Rate: 0.8-2.5 m3/hour
Flow Rate Accuracy: ±1%
Lower Detectable Limit: 3.0 |ig/m3 (hour)
Precision: ±1.0 jig/m-
Temperature Range: 0°C-50°C
Figure 19 Thermo Andersen Series FH
62 C14 Continuous PM, Monitor Thermo
Scientific Model 5014i Beta (5014i Beta),
Continuous Ambient Particulate Monitor
(EQPM-1102-150)
"Thermo Andersen Series FH 62 C14 Continuous PM1() Ambient Particulate
Monitor and Thermo Scientific Model 5014i Beta (5014i Beta), Continuous
Ambient Particulate Monitor," operated for 24-liour average measurements, with
the specified 10- micron EPA PM d inlet (or alternative louvered PM10 inlet meeting
40 CFR 50 Appendix L specifications), inlet comiector, sample tube with heater,
roof flange kit, mass foil kit. pump kit, sample filter tape; with operational settings
of 1000 L/li (16.67 L/min) sample flow rate, daily filter change, auto filter change
at volumetric flow 1500 micrograms, and factory default calculation mode settings
operated with software version 1.07. Operated, calibrated and serviced according
to the appropriate Operator Manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 67, page 76174,
12/11/2002 Latest modifications: 07/2009; 12/2012)
(Specifications are for Thermo Scientific Model 5014i Beta)
Measurement Accuracy: ±5%
Flow Rate: 16.7 LPM
Measurement Precision: ±2.0 Lig/'m2
Temperature Range: -30°C - 50°C
Wedding & Associates' or Thermo Environmental Instruments Inc. Model
650 PM10Beta Gauge (EQPM-0391-081)*
"Wedding & Associates' or Thermo Environmental Instruments, Inc. Model 650
PM, Beta Gauge Automated Particle Sampler," consisting of the following W&A/
TEII components: Particle Sampling Module, PM]0 Inlet (18.9 liter/min). Inlet
Tube and Support Ring, Vacuum Pump (115, 220 or 240 VAC and 50/60 Hz); and
operated for 24-hour average measurements with glass fiber filter tape. (Federal
Register: Vol. 56, page 9216, 03/05/1991)
*Photo Not Available
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Federal Equivalent Method (IFEM):
Tapered Element Oscillating
Microbalance (TEOM®)
Theory of Operation:
An air sample is pulled into the TEOM® monitor through
a filter, which removes potential interferences. The filtered
air then passes to the microbalance, where molecules collect
on the tapered oscillating element. This collection of mass
changes the frequency of oscillation, and. based on the
correlation between mass and frequency, particle mass can be
calculated.
Interferences:
Since TEOM® monitors rely on the frequency of a sensitive
oscillating element; mechanical noise may interfere with
calculation. Additionally, dramatic temperature fluctuations
can also cause errors from the microbalance.
Advantages:
As a continuous method, TEOM® provides regular real-time
measurements of PM10 concentrations. In addition, under
ideal conditions (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, mass
flow rate, etc.), the method is just as accurate as the reference
method.
Method Status:
There are only two approved monitors using the TEOM®
method. Wliile under the correct conditions this method
is reliable, it sensitivity presents complications in urban
environment s, where PM10 concentrations are of the most
concern.
Figure 20. Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400AB/TEOM® 1405
Ambient Particulate Monitor or Rupprecht & Patashnick TEOM®
Series 1400/1400a PM10 Monitors (EQPM-1090-079)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM10 using TEOM®:
"Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400AB |PM; J Ambient
Particulate Monitor" or "Rupprecht & Patashnick TEOM®3
Series 1400 and Series 1400a PM-10 Monitors," (including
serial number prefixes 1400, 140A, 140AA, 140AB, 140AT,
and 140UP, 1405A), consisting of the following components:
TEOM® Sensor Unit; TEOM® Control Unit; Flow Splitter
(3 liter/min sample flow); Teflon-Coated Glass Fiber Filter
Cartridges; Rupprecht & Patashnick PM-10 Inlet (part
number 57-00596), Sierra Andersen Model 246b PM-10
Inlet (16.7 liter/min) or louvered inlet specified in 40 CFR
50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19; operated for 24-hour
average measurements, with the total mass averaging time set
at 300 seconds, the mass rate/mass concentration averaging
time set at 300 seconds, the gate time set at 2 seconds,
and with or without any of the following options: Tripod:
Outdoor Enclosure: Automatic Cartridge Collection Unit
(Series 1400a only); Flow Splitter Adapter (for 1 or 2 liter/
miu sample flow). Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405 Ambient
Particulate Monitor with combined sensor and control units
and redesigned mass transducer and user interface, operated
in accordance with the Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405
instrument manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 55, page 43406,
10/29/1990 Latest modification: 12/2008) (Specifications are
for Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400 AB)
Measurement Accuracy: ±0.75%
Flow Rate: 0.5-4.0 LPM
Measurement Precision: ±1.5 ng/m3
Measurement Resolution: 0.1 ng/m3
Temperature Range: 2°C-40°C
10
-------
"Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor
with FDMS®," configured for dual filter sampling of fine (PM, 5) and coarse
particles using the US EPAPM10 inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 tlini L-19 and a virtual iinpactor, with a total flow rate of 16.67 L/min. fine
sample flow of 3 L/min, and coarse sample flow rate of 1.67 L/min, and operating
with firmware version 1.70 and later, operated with or without external enclosures,
and operated in accordance with the Thermo Scientific TEOM# 1405-DF
Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor Instniction Manual. This designation
applies to PM10 measurements only. (Federal Register: Vol. 78, page 67360,
11/12/2013)
Measurement Accuracy: ±0.75%
Flow Rate: 12 LPM
Measurement Precision: ±2 ng/m3 (hour), ±1 ng/m3 (24 hours)
Measurement Resolution: 0.1 |ig/m3
Temperature Range: 8°C-25°C
Figure 21 Thermo Scientific TEOM®
1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate
Monitor with FDMS® (EQPM-1013-208)
11
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Dichotomous Air Sampler
Theory of Operation:
In a dichotomous air sampler, air is drawn into an inlet and
separated by size. Particles then collect 011 a Teflon® filter.
The filter is then analyzed with either neutron activation
analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.
Interferences:
Assuming that the method is operated with calibration
performed to the manufacturer's specifications, potential
interferences are negligible.
Advantages:
Beta attenuation monitors are the second most common type
of system used in PM10 monitoring networks after FRM
(filter-based) systems. It is a reliable and proved method
of particle measurement, with a variety of configurations
and options that can be used. The following is the list of
approved FEM devices used to measure PM10 based on the
beta attenuation method:
Method Status:
There are currently two dichotomous air samplers approved
by the EPA. These devices are accurate and easy to use, and
can cover a wide range of particles that need monitoring.
Figure 22 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air
Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D Dichotomous
Air Sampler (EQPS-0311-197)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM
dichotomous air sampling devices for the measurement
ofPM10;
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air
Sampler" or "Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D
Dichotomous Air Sampler," configured for dual-filter, single-
event sampling of fine (PM, Jf and coarse (P\110 ,5) particles,
operated with a U.S. EPA PM10 inlet and using a virtual
impactor to separate fine and coarse PM into two samples for
collection 011 two separate filter membranes, for a 24-hour
sampling period and in accordance with the Partisol® 2000-
D or Partisol® 2000i-D instruction manual, as appropriate.
Partisol® 2000i-D operated with firmware version 2.0 or
greater. (Federal Register: Vol. 76, page 15974, 03/22/2011
Latest modification: 06/2011) (Specifications are for Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 50°C
Figure 23 Thermo Scientific Dichotomous Partisol®-Plus 2025-D
Sequential Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Dichotomous
Partisol® 2025i-D Sequential Air Sampler (EQPS-0311 -198)
"Thermo Scientific Dichotomous Partisol ft'-Plus 2025-
D Sequential Air Sampler" or "Thermo Fisher Scientific
Dichotomous Partisol® 2025i-D Sequential Air Sampler,"
configured for dual-filter sampling of fine (PM2 h and coarse
(PM10 25) particles, with a U.S. EPA PM10inlet and using a
virtual impactor to separate the fine and coarse PM into two
samples for collection on two separate filter membranes,
and operated with the modified filter shuttle mechanism
implemented May 31, 2008, and firmware version 1.500 or
greater for the Partisol®-Plus 2025-D and version 2.0 or
greater for the Partisol® 2025i-D, for 24-hour continuous
sampling periods, in accordance with the Partisol !C-
Plus 2025-D or Partisol® 2025i-D instruction manual,
as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 76, page 15975,
03/22/2011 Latest modification: 06/ 2011) (Specifications
are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Dichotomous Partisol®
2025i-D)
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
Temperature Range: -40°C-50°C
-------
2.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Particulate Matter
(PM25)
Particulate Matter (PM25):Criteria Pollutant:
Particulate Matter (PM..)
z.o
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-
stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40,
Part 50, App. L)
Theory of Operation:
The volumetric flow rate must be controlled automatically
as specified in Section 7.1 (a) of Appendix L in 40 CFR, Part
50. The volumetric flow rate measurement requirements/
capabilities are specified in Section 7.4 (and subsequent
subsections) of Appendix L in 40 CFR, Part 50. The in-
stack particulate filtration technique relies on the method of
measurement described in Appendix L of 40 CFR, Part 50
"An electrically powered air sampler draws ambient air at
a constant volumetric flow rate into a specially shaped inlet
and through an inertial particle size separator (impactor)
where the suspended particulate matter in the PM2 5 size
range is separated for collection on a polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE) filter over the specified sampling period. Each filter
is weighed (after moisture and temperature conditioning)
before and after sample collection to determine the net gain
due to collected PM2 5. The total volume of air sampled is
determined by the sampler from the measured flow rate at
actual ambient temperature and pressure and the sampling
time. The mass concentration of PM, 5 in the ambient air is
computed as the total mass of collected particles in the PM2 5
size range divided by the actual volume of air sampled, and is
expressed in micrograms per cubic meter of air."
Interferences:
Moisture will often collect in the filter, which will cause
errors in the measurement of collected particulate mass.
Therefore, all of this moisture must be removed to provide an
accurate measurement.
Advantages:
In-stack particulate filtration is a less expensive method for
measurement of particulate matter. Still, it provides accurate
and understandable measurements for concentrations of
pm25.
Method Status:
Currently, in-stack particulate filtration is the most common
method for the determination of PM, 5 concentrations. It
reliability, cost, and ease of use make it the preferred method
for PM2 5 concentration measurement.
13
Figure 24 Andersen Model RAAS2.5-200 PM25 Ambient Audit Air
Sampler (RFPS-0299-128)
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of PM, 5 using in-stack particulate
filtration:
"Andersen Instruments, Incorporated Model RAAS2.5-
200 PM, 5 Audit Sampler," configured as a PM, 5 reference
method and operated with software (firmware) version
4B, 5.0.1 - 6.09, 6.OA, or 6.0B, for 24-hour continuous
sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, and in
accordance with the Model RAAS2.5-200 Operator's Manual
and with the requirements and sample collection filters
specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register:
Vol. 64, page 12167, 03/11/1999)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 mmHg
-------
T
Figure 25 BGI Inc. Models PQ200 or
PQ200A PM2 6 Ambient Fine Particle
Sampler (RFPS-0498-116)
"BGI Incorporated or Mesa Laboratories Incorporated Models PQ200 and
PQ200A PM, ¦ Ambient Fine Particle Sampler," operated with firmware version
3.88 or 3.89R, for 24-hour continuous sample periods, in accordance with the
Model PQ200/PQ200A Instruction Manual and with the requirements and sample
collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L, and with or without the
optional Solar Power Supply or the optional dual-filter cassette (P/N F-21/6) and
associated lower impactor housing (P/N B2027), where the upper filter is used for
PM, 5. The Model PQ200A is described as a portable audit sampler and includes
a set of three earn ing cases. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 18911, 04/16/1998
Latest modification: 6/2015)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 mniHg
Pressure Accuracy: lOmmHg
Figure 26 Graseby Andersen Model
RAAS2.5-100 PM?5 Ambient Air Sampler
(RFPS-0598-119)
"Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-100 PM, Ambient Air Sampler," operated
with software version 4B. 5.0.1 - 6.09, 6.OA, or 6.0B, configured for "Single 2.5"
operation for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/
minute, and in accordance with the Model RAAS2.5-100 Operator's Manual and
with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50,
Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 31991, 06/11/1998)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C-45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 mrnHg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 mmHg
Figure 27 Graseby Andersen Model
RAAS2.5-300 PM25 Sequential Ambient Air
Sampler (RFPS-0598-120)
"Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-300 PM2 5 Sequential Ambient Air Sampler,"
operated with software version 4B. 5.0.1 - 6.09, 6.OA. or 6.0B, configured for
"Multi 2.5" operation, for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow rate of
16.67 liters/minute, and in accordance with the Model RAAS2.5-300 Operator's
Manual and with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR
Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 31991, 06/11/1998)
-------
"Met One Instruments, Inc. e-FRM ." configured for filter sampling of ambient
particles using the US EPAPM]0 inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 thru L-19, equipped with either a BGIVSCC™ cyclone or WINS PM, 5
fractionator, with a flow rate of 16.67 L/min, using 47 mm PTFE membrane filter
media, and operating with firmware version Rl.1.0 and later, and operated in
accordance with the Met One e-FRM PM2 operating manual. (Federal Register:
Vol. 80. page 32114, 6/05/2015)
Figure 28 Met One e-FRM- PM„ 5
(RFPS-0315-221)
Figure 29 Rupprecht & Patashriick
Partisol®-FRM Model 2000 PM25Air
Sampler (RFPS-0498-117)
"Rupprecht & Patashnick Company, Incorporated Partisol®-FRM Model 2000
PM, 5 Air Sampler," operated with software versions 1.102 - 1.202, with either
R&P-specified machined or molded filter cassettes, with or without the optional
insulating jacket for cold weather operation, for 24-hour continuous sample
periods, in accordance with the Model 2000 Instruction Manual and with the
requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L.
(Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 18911, 04/16/1998)
Figure 30 Rupprecht & Patashnick
Partisol® Model 2000 PM25 Audit
Sampler (RFPS-0499-129)
"Rupprecht & Patashnick Company, Inc. Partisol ® Model 2000 PM, Audit
Sampler," configured as a PM2 reference method and operated with software
(firmware) version 1.2 - 1.202, for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow
rate of 16.67 liters/minute, in accordance with the Partisol® Model 2000 Operating
Manual and with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR
Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 64, page 19153, 04/19/1999)
-------
"Rupprecht & Patashnick Company, Incorporated Partisol®-Plus Model 2025
PM2 5 Sequential Air Sampler," operated with any software version 1.003 through
1.4.16, with either R&P-spccificd machined or molded filter cassettes, for 24-hour
continuous sample periods, in accordance with the Model 2025 Instruction Manual
and with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50,
Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 18911, 04/16/1998)
Thermo Environmental Instruments, Incorporated Model 605 "CAPS"
Sampler (RFPS-1098-123)*
"Thermo Environmental Instruments, Incorporated Model 605 "CAPS"
Computer Assisted Particle Sampler," configured as a PM2 5 reference method and
operated with software version 1.02A. for 24-hour continuous sample periods,
in accordance with the Model 605 Instruction Manual and with the requirements
and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal
Register: Vol. 63. page 58036, 10/29/1998)
"Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 PM, 5 Low-Volume Air Particulate
Sampler," configured as a PM2 reference method, with firmware version 1.70
or later and a TE-PM10-D PM10 size-selective inlet as specified in 40 CFR 50
Appendix L Figs. L-2 thru L-19, with either a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut
Cyclone particle size separator or WINS impactor. and operated for 24 sample
periods at a flow rate of 16.67 L/min, using 47 mm PTFE membrane filter media,
operated with or without the optional TE-W-600 Solar Panel Power Supply kit,
and in accordance with the Tisch Environmental Model TEWilbur2.5 PM25 Low-
Volume Air Particulate Sampler instruction manual and with the requirements and
sample collection filters as specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal
Register: Vol. 79, page 65392, 11/04/2014 Latest modification: 6/2015)
Temperature Range: -25°C - 50°C
Flow Range: 0-25 LPM
Flow Accuracy: ±3%
Temperature Accuracy: ±.15°C
Pressure Range: 450 mmHg-1238 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: ±10 mmHg
URG-MASS100 Single PM ,, FRM Sampler (RFPS-0400-135)*
"URG-MASS100 Single PM2 5 FRM Sampler," operated with software (firmware)
version 4B or 5.0.1, configured for "Single 2.5" operation, for 24-hour continuous
sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, and in accordance with
the URGMASS100 Operator's Manual and with the requirements and sample
collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register:
Vol. 65, page 26603, 05/08/2000)
URG-MASS300 Sequential PM25 FRM Sampler (RFPS-0400-136)*
"URG-MASS300 Sequential PM25 FRM Sampler," operated with software
(firmware) version 4B or 5.0.1, configured for "Multi 2.5" operation, for 24-hour
continuous sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, and in accordance
with the URG-MASS300 Operator's Manual and with the requirements and sample
collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50. Appendix L. (Federal Register:
Vol. 65, page 26603, 05/08/2000)
Figure 31 Rupprecht & Patashnick
Partisol®-Plus Model 2025 Sequential Air
Sampler (RFPS-0498-118)
Figure 32 Tisch Environmental Model
TE-Wilbur2.5 Particulate Sampler - PM25
(RFPS-1014-219)
*Photo}Jot Available
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Beta-Attenuation Monitoring
Theory of Operation:
In a beta-attenuation monitor, a constant source of air is
drawn into the monitor through a ribbon filter, which allows
particles to collect on the surface. The ribbon is then passed
through a detector, in which beta rays from a source of
radiation pass through the particles. When calibration is
performed to the manufacturer's specifications, the detector
can then determine the intensity of the beta rays that pass
through relative to a control sample. From this information,
the mass of particles can then be deduced.
Interferences:
The beta-attenuation process can be affected by several
enviromnental factors. Moisture in the air, in particular, can
affect readings of radiation. Proper calibration must be put in
place to guarantee factors such as humidity, temperature, and
pressure do not cause error.
Advantages:
Unlike in-stack filtration, the process for beta-attenuation is
a continuous process, with filters only needing to be changed
every 24 hours. Precision is also much better than what is
seen in its FRM counterpart.
Method Status:
Beta-attenuation is the second most common method for
measurement for PM2 5. It is a reliable, proven method of
measurement, and there are a variety of options available
using this method.
Figure 33 Environnement S.A. Model MP101M PM25 Monitor
(EQPM-1013-211)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM2 5 using beta-attenuation:
"Environnement S.A. Model MP101M PM25 Beta
Attenuation Monitor" using a glass fiber filter tape roll,
operated at a sample flow rate of 16.67 liters/min for 24-
hour average measurements of PM2 5, configured with the
standard EPA PM10 inlet (meeting 40 CFR 50 Appendix L
specifications) associated with a BGIVSCC™ Very Sharp
Cut Cyclone particle size separator and using a temperature
regulated sampling tube with ambient meteorological
sensor, with or without optional ESTEL analog inputs/
outputs, serial link: 1 RS-232/422; USB port; Ethernet port
(TCP/IP). Instrument must be operated in accordance with
the Ambient Air Continuous Particulate Monitor Model
MP101M operation manual. This designation applies to PM, 5
measurements only. (Federal Register: Vol. 78, page 67360,
11/12/2013)
Measurement Range: Up to 10,000 ng/m3
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ng/m3
Beta Source: Carbon 14
Flow Rate: 1 mVhour
Temperature Range: 10°C - 40°C
17
-------
Figure 34 Met One BAM-1020 Monitor -
PM,5 FEM Configuration, Horiba APDA-
371- PM25 Configuration, or Ecotech
Spirant BAM 1100 (EQPM-0308-170)
"Met One Instruments, Inc. BAM-1020 Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor - PM, 5
FEM Configuration, Horiba Instruments APDA-371 Beta Attenuation Mass
Monitor - PM2 FEM Configuration, or Ecotech Spirant BAM 1100"'. configured
with the standard BX-802 EPA PM10 inlet (or alternative louvered PM10 inlet
meeting 40 CFR 50 Appendix L specifications) and with a BGI VSCC™ Very
Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size separator, operated for 24 1-hour average
measurements with firmware revision 3.2.4 or later, with or without an inlet tube
extension (BX-823), with or without external enclosures BX-902 or BX- 903 and
equipped with BX-596 ambient temperature and barometric pressure combination
sensor, internal BX-961 automatic flow controller operated in Actual (volumetric)
flow control mode, the standard BX-802 EPA PM... inlet head and a BGI VSCC™
Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC-A). BX-827 (110V) orBX-830 (230V) Smart
Inlet Heater, with the heater RH set to 35% and the temperature control set to "off',
the 8470-1 revision D or later tape control transport assembly with close geometry
beta source configuration, used with standard glass fiber filter tape, COUNT TIME
parameter set for 8 minutes, the SAMPLE TIME parameter set for 42 minutes,
BX-302 zero filter calibration kit required and with or without BX-970 touchscreen
display with USB interface. Instrument must be operated in accordance with the
BAM 1020 Particulate Monitor operation manual, revision F or later, the Horiba
APDA-371 Monitor operation manual or the Ecotech Spirant BAM Manual (Rev. A
or later), as appropriate, and the VSCC™ supplemental manual. Alternatively, BX-
851 (110V) or BX-852 (230V) Dew Point Heating System (DPHS) with BX-597 T/
BP/RH sensor may be substituted for the BX-827 (110V) orBX-830 (230V) Smart
Inlet Heater with BX-596 T/BP sensor. DPHS must be operated in accordance with
BAM 1020 Particulate Monitor with DPHS operational manual. DPHS requires
firmware V3.10.0 or greater for the standard BAM-1020 and firmware V4.4.0 with
the Touch Screen Display Option (BX-970). (Federal Register: Vol. 73, page
13224, 03/12/2008 Latest modifications: 7/2010; 8/2010; 8/2012; 3/2015)
(Specifications are for Met One BAM-1020)
Temperature Range: 0°C-50°C
Flow Rate: 16.7 LPM
Lower Detectable Limit: <4.8 jig/m! (hourly). <1.0 jig/m- (24 hours)
Beta Ray Source: Carbon 14
m
''Met One Instruments, Inc. BAM-1022 Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor - Outdoor
PM2 5 FEM Configuration." configured for 24 1-hour average measurements of
PM2 5 by beta attenuation, using a glass fiber filter tape roll (460130) and a sample
flow rate of 16.67 liters/min and with the standard (BX-802) EPA PM 0 inlet
(meeting 40 CFR 50 Appendix L specifications) and with a BGI VSCC™ Very
Sharp Cut Cyclone (BX-808) particle size separator, and equipped with external
enclosure BX-922 and BX-592 ambient temperature sensor or BX-596 ambient
temperature/barometric combination sensor or BX-597 ambient temperature/
barometric pressure/relative humidity combination sensor. Instrument must be
operated in accordance with the BAM 1022 Particulate Monitor operation manual,
„„ „, „ „ „ „, , ^ revision 3 or later. This designation applies to PM, measurements only. (Federal
Figure 35 Met tne BAM-1022 Real Time Register: Vol. 78. page 67360, 11/12/2013 Latest modifications: 7/2014)
Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor-Outdoor
PM25 FEM Configuration (EQPM-1013-209)
18
-------
Figure 36 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS
Particle Measurement System or SWAM 5a
Dual Channel Monitor (EQPM-0912-204)
"Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System" or "SWAM 5a
Dual Channel Monitor" configured for 1-hour measurements of PM, 5 by beta
attenuation, on either a single (Line A or B) or both sampling lines (Line A and B)
simultaneously, using 47 mm glass fiber filters, at a sample flow set to 16.67 liters/
mill and software version 05-02.07.63 or later and with an inlet system comprised
of a PM10 pre-impactor inlet (based on European PM]0 inlet design) combined with
a BGI VSCC™ PM2 5 cyclone separator. Operated in accordance with the Teledyne
Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System Operation Manual. (Federal
Register: Vol. 77, page 60985, 10/5/2012) (Specifications are for Teledyne Model
602 BetaPLUS)
Flow Rate: 0.8-2.5 mVliour
Flow Rate Accuracy: ±1%
Lower Detectable Limit: 3.0 (ig/nr (hour)
Precision: ±1.0 ng/m3
Temperature Range: 0°C - 50°C
Tharmo
Figure 37 Thermo Scientific Model
5014i or Thermo Scientific FH62C14-DHS
Continuous Ambient Particle Monitor
(EQPM-0609-183)
"Thermo Scientific Model 5014i or FH62C14-DHS Continuous Ambient Particle
Monitor," operated at a flow rate of 16.67 liters per minute for 24-hour average
measurements configured for PM, with a louvered PM10 size selective inlet as
specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs. L-2 through L-19, a PV1, s BGI Inc.
Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC™) particle size separator, inlet coimector. sample
tube, DHS heater with 35% RH threshold, mass foil kit, GF10 filter tape. 8-hour
filter change, and operational calibration and servicing as outlined in the 5014i
Continuous Ambient Particulate Monitor or FH62C14-DHS Continuous Ambient
Particulate Monitor operating manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 28696,
06/17/2009 Latest modification: 03/2010
(Specifications are for Thermo Scientific FH62C14-DHS)
Measurement Range: 0-1,000 |ig/m3
Lower Detectable Limit: <4 ug/m5 (1 hour), <1 (.ig/m3 (24 hour)
Measurement Precision: ±2 ng/m®
Span Drift: 0.002% per day
Measurement Accuracy: ±5%
Beta Source: Carbon 14
Temperature Range: -30°C - 60°C
Figure 38. Thermo Scientific Model 5030i
SHARP Monitor or Model 5030 SHARP
Monitor (EQPM-0609-184)
"Thermo Scientific Model 5030 SHARP Monitor," operated at a flow rate of 16.67
liters per minute for 24-hour average measurements configured for PM,, with a
louvered PM10 size selective inlet as specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 through L-19, a PM, , BGI Inc. Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC™) particle
size separator, inlet connector, sample tube. DHS heater with 58% RH threshold,
mass foil kit, GF10 filter tape, nephelometer zeroing kit, 8-hour filter change, and
operational calibration and servicing as outlined in the Model 5030i or Model 5030
SHARP instructional manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 28696, 06/17/2009
Latest modification: 06/2013) (Specifications are for Thermo Scientific Model
5030i Sharp)
Measurement Accuracy: ±5%
Flow Rate: 1 nf /hour
Measurement Range: 0-10,000 [ig/nv'
Measurement Precision: ±2.0 ng/rn3
Temperature Range: 4°C-50°C
Span Drift: 0.02% per day
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC)
Theory of Operation:
The Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC) is a variation on
the original EPA reference method, which uses the Well
Impactor Ninety-six, or WINS, impactor. The method is
the same described for the reference method; however, the
WINS impactor is replaced with the VSCC. The VSCC has a
cyclone geometry that allows for size selectivity for particles
comparable to the original WINS.
Interferences:
Interferences can come from moisture and variations in
temperature, so calibration performed to the manufacturer's
specifications must be implemented to ensure that these do
not affect measurements.
Advantages:
This method has a sensitivity and size selectivity comparable
to the FRM, making it one of the best methods for
measurement of PM2 5.
Method Status:
VSCC is one of the most common methods for measurement
of PM2 5 concentrations. It is an easily implemented
replacement for the reference method, and can provide
measurements just as accurate as the WINs.
Figure 39 BGI Inc. Models PQ200-VSCC™ or PQ200A-VSCC™
PM25 Sampler (RFPS-0498-116 or EQPM-0202-142)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM25using VSCC:
"BGI Incorporated or Mesa Laboratories Incorporated
Models PQ200-VSCC™ or PQ200A-VSCC™ PM, 5
Ambient Fine Particle Sampler," configured with a BGI
VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size separator
and operated with firmware version 3.88, 3.91, 3.89R, or
3.91R, for 24-hour continuous sample periods, in accordance
with the Model PQ200/PQ200A Instruction Manual and
VSCC™ supplemental manual and with the requirements
and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50,
Appendix L, and with or without the optional Solar Power
Supply or the optional dual-filter cassette (P/N F-21/6) and
associated lower impactor housing (P/N B2027), where the
upper filter is used for PM2 5. The Model PQ200A VSCC™
is described as a portable audit sampler and includes a set of
three carrying cases. (Federal Register: Vol. 67, page 15567,
04/02/2002 Latest modification: 6/2015)
(Specifications are for BGI Inc. Model PQ-200-VSCC™)
Flow Rate: 45-96 m3/hour
Flow Accuracy: ±1 m3/hour
Flow Repeatability: 1.0%
Temperature Range; 0°C-45°C
Temperature Accuracy: ±1°C
Pressure Accuracy: ±4 lninHg
20
-------
"Opsis SM200- Dust Monitor" configured for PM, 5 with the US EPA PM10 inlet
specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, followed by a BGI Inc. Very Sharp Cut
Cyclone (VSCC™) particle size separator, operated for a 24-hour continuous
sample period at a total actual flow rate of 16.67 L/min. using 47mm PTFE
membrane filters, a TS200 temperature stabilizer and software version 1.04.16 or
later, in accordance with the Opsis SM200 Dust Monitor Operation and Instruction
Guide. (Federal Register: Vol. 77, page 55832, 09/11/2012)
Flow Rate: 8-25 LPM
Flow Rate Accuracy: ±2%
Beta Ray Source: Carbon 14
Temperature Range: 5°C - 35°C
#
Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol® Model 2000 PM25 FEM Audit Sampler
(RFPS-0499-129 or EQPM-0202-144)*
Figure 40 Opsis SM200- Dust Monitor "Rupprecht & Patashnick Co., Inc. Partisol® Model 2000 PM2 5 FEM Audit
(EQPM-0812-203) Sampler," configured with a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size
separator, and operated with software (firmware) version 1.2 - 1.202, for 24-hour
continuous sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, in accordance with
the Partisol® Model 2000 Operating Manual and VSCC™ supplemental manual
and with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50,
Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 67, page 15567, 04/02/2002)
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-100 FEM PM25 Ambient Air Sampler
(RFPS-0598-119 or EQPM-0804-153)*
"Thermo Electron Corporation Model RAAS2.5-100 FEM PM25 Ambient Air
Sampler," configured with a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size
separator and operated with software version 06.0B.00 configured for "Single 2.5"
operation, for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/
minute, in accordance with the Model RAAS2.5-100 FEM Operator's Manual
and VSCC™ supplemental manual, and in accordance with the requirements
and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal
Register: Vol. 69, page 47924, 08/06/2004)
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-200 FEM PM25 Audit Air Sampler
(RFPS-0299-128 or EQPM-0804-154)*
"Thermo Electron Corporation Model RAAS2.5-200 FEM PM2 5 Audit Air
Sampler," configured with a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size
separator and operated with software version 06.0B.00, for 24-hour continuous
sample periods at a flow rate of 16.67 liters/minute, in accordance with the Model
RAAS2.5-200 FEM Operator's Manual and VSCC™ supplemental manual, and in
accordance with the requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR
Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 69, page 47924, 08/06/2004)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1 °C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: 10 mmHg
*Photo N& Available
21
-------
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-300 FEM PM25 Sequential Ambient Air
Sampler (RFPS-0598-120 or EQPM-0804-155)*
"'Thermo Electron Corporation Model RAAS2.5-300 FEM PM,5 Sequential
Ambient Air Sampler," configured with a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone
particle size separator and operated with software version 06.OB.00 configured
for "Multi 2.5" operation, for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow
rate of 16.67 liters/minute, in accordance with the Model RAAS2.5-300 FEM
Operator's Manual and VSCC™ supplemental manual, and in accordance with the
requirements and sample collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50. Appendix L.
(Federal Register: Vol. 69, page 47924, 08/06/2004)
Flow Rate: 14-25 LPM
Temperature Range: -30°C - 45°C
Temperature Resolution: 0.1°C
Pressure Range: 600 mmHg-800 minHg
Pressure Accuracy: lOmmHg
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM2 5 Air Sampler" or "Thermo Fisher
Scientific Partisol® 2000i PM,, Air Sampler" or "Rupprecht & Patashnick
Partisol®-FRM 2000 PM25 [FEM] Air Sampler configured with a BGI VSCC™
Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size separator with either R&P-specified
machined or molded filter cassettes, for 24-hour continuous sampling periods, in
accordance with the Partisol® 2000-FRM or Partisol®2000i Instruction Manual,
as appropriate, and VSCC™ supplemental manual. Partisol® 2000-FRM operated
with software versions 1.102 through 1.202 and Partisol® 2000i with firmware
version 2.0 or greater. Method is operated with the requirements and sample
collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L, and with or without the
optional insulating jacket for cold weather operation. (Federal Register: Vol. 67,
page 15567, 04/02/2002 Latest modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 122°C
Flow Rate: 5-18 LPM
Figure 41 Thermo Scientific Partisol®
2000-FRM PM2 5 Air Sampler or Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i PM25
Air Sampler or Rupprecht & Patashnick
Partiso!®-FRM 2000 PM25Air Sampler
(RFPS-0498-117 or EQPM-0202-143)
Figure 42 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-
Plus 2025 Sequential PM2 5 Air Sampler or
Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i
Sequential PM25 Air Sampler or Rupprecht
& Patashnick Partisol®-Pius 2025 PM25
Sequential Sampler (RFPS-0498-118 or
EQPM-0202-145)
"Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 PM, 5 Sequential Air Sampler" or "Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol R 2025 i PM,, Sequential Air Sampler" or "Rupprecht &
Patashnick Partisol R.-Pl us 2025 PM, :j (FEM) Sequential Air Sampler," configured
with a BGI VSCC™ Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size separator with either
R&P-specified machined or molded filter cassettes, for 24-hour continuous
sampling periods. Partisol K-Pkis 2025 to be operated with any software version
1.003 through 1.5 and Partisol® 2025i with firmware version 2.0 or greater, and
with the modi fied filter shuttle mechanism. Method to be operated in accordance
with the Partisol®-Plus 2025 or Partisol® 2025i instruction manual, as appropriate,
with the VSCC™ supplemental manual, and with the requirements and sample
collection filters specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register:
Vol. 67, page 15567, 04/02/2002 Latest modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i)
Temperature Range: -14°C-122°C
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
*Photo f}&tAvailable
-------
-
Figure 43 Tisch environmental Model
TE-Wilbur2,5 Particulate Sampler - PM25
(EQPS-0415-223)
"Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 PM25 Low-Volume Air Particulate
Sampler," configured as a PM25 equivalent method, with firmware version 1.70
or later and a TE-PM10-D PM]0 size-selective inlet as specified in 40 CFR 50
Appendix L Figs. L-2 thru L-19, configured with a Tisch TE-PM, ,C particle size
separator, and operated for 24-hour continuous sample periods at a flow rate of
16.67 L/min, using 47 mm PTFE membrane filter media, operated with or without
the optional TE-W-600 Solar Panel Power Supply kit, and in accordance with the
Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 PM25 Low-Volnine Air Particulate
Sampler instruction manual and with the requirements and sample collection
filters as specified in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L. (Federal Register: Vol. 80,
page32114, 6/05/2015)
Temperature Range: -25°C - 50°C
Flow Range: 0-25 LPM
Flow Accuracy: ±3%
Temperature Accuracy: ±.15°C
Pressure Range: 450 mmHg-1238 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: ±10 mmHg
23
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Tapered Element Oscillating
Microbalance (TEOM®)
Theory of Operation:
An air sample is pulled into the TEOM® monitor through
a filter, which removes potential interferences. The filtered
air then passes to the microbalance, where molecules collect
on the tapered oscillating element. This collection of mass
changes the frequency of oscillation, and. based off the
correlation between mass and frequency, particle mass can be
calculated.
Interferences:
Since TEOM® monitors rely on the frequency of a sensitive
oscillating element; mechanical noise may interfere with
calculation. Additionally, dramatic temperature fluctuations
can also cause errors from the microbalance.
Advantages:
As a continuous method. TEOM® provides regular real-
time measurements of PM2 5 concentrations. In addition,
under ideal conditions, the method is just as accurate as the
reference method.
Method Status:
There are only two approved monitors using the TEOM®
method. While under the correct conditions this method
is reliable, it sensitivity presents complications in urban
enviromnents, where PM10 concentrations are of the most
concern.
Figure 44 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400a Ambient Particulate
Monitor with Series 8500C FDMS®; Thermo Scientific TEOM®
1405-F Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS® (EQPM-0609-181)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM, using TEOM®:
"Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400a Ambient Particulate
Monitor with Series 8500C FDMS® (Filter Dynamics
Measurement System) or Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-F
Ambient Particulate Monitor with I 'DMS iV." configured for
PM, 5 with the US EPA PM10 inlet specified in 40 CFR 50
Appendix L, Figs. L-2 thru L-19, followed by a BGI Inc.
Very Sharp Cut Cyclone (VSCC™) particle size separator,
operated with a total actual flow of 16.67 L/min.. loaded
with Series FDMS® 8500 module operating software
and an FDMS® kit. TEOM® 1400a with Series 8500C
FDMS® operated with firmware version 3.20 and later and
TEOM® 1405-F with FDMS® operated with version 1.55
or later and according to the appropriate operating manual.
(Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 28696, 06/17/2009 Latest
Modification: 09/2010)
(Specifications are for Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1400a)
Measurement Accuracy: ±0.75%
Flow Rate: 0.5-4.0 LPM
Measurement Precision: ±1.5 jig/m3
Measurement Resolution: 0.1 jig/m3
Temperature Range: 2°C - 40°C
24
-------
"Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor
with FDMS®," configured for dual filter sampling of fine (PM, 5) and coarse
particles using the US EPAPM1() inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 thru L-19 and a virtual impactor, with a total flow rate of 16.67 L/min fine
sample flow of 3 L/min, and coarse sample flow rate of 1.67 L/min, and operating
with firmware version 1.50 and later, operated with or without external enclosures,
and operated in accordance with the Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF
Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor Instruction Manual. This designation
applies to PM2 measurements only. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 28696,
06/17/2009)
Measurement Accuracy: ±0.75%
Flow Rate: 12 LPM
Measurement Precision: ±2 |ig/nr (hour), ±1 fig/in"1 (24 hours)
Measurement Resolution: 0.1 ug/m"1
Temperature Range: 8°C-25°C
Figure 45 Thermo Scientific TEOM®
1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate
Monitor with FDMS® (EQPM-0609-182)
25
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Dichotomous Air Sampler
Theory of Operation:
In a dichotomous air sampler, air is drawn into an inlet and
separated by size. Particles then collect on a Teflon® filter.
The filter is then analyzed with either neutron activation
analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.
Interferences:
Assuming the method is operated with all proper calibration
measurements, potential interferences are negligible.
Advantages:
Dichotomous air samplers allow measurement of particles
between 2.5 micrometers and 10 micrometers, which can
cover a range of needed measurements in one device.
Method Status:
There are currently two dichotomous air samplers approved
by the EPA. These devices are accurate and easy to use. and
can cover a wide range of particles that need monitoring.
Figure 46 Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air
Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D Dichotomous
Air Sampler (EGPS-0509-177)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM
dichotomous air sampling devices for the measurement of
PMjj-
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air
Sampler" or "Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D
Dichotomous Air Sampler,'' configured for dual-filter, single-
event sampling of fine (PM25) and coarse (PM]0_2 5) particles,
operated with a U.S. EPA PM10 inlet and using a virtual
impactor to separate fine and coarse PM into two samples for
collection on two separate filter membranes, for a 24-hour
sampling period, in accordance with the Partisol® 2000-D
or Partisol® 2000i-D instruction manual, as appropriate.
Partisol® 2000i-D operated with firmware version 2.0 or
greater. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 26395, 06/02/2009
Latest modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2000i~D)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 50°C
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
26
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¦3*
Ji
4'
f '4.
m
Figure 47 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-
Pius 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential
Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific
Partisol® 2025i-D Dichotomous Sequential
Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-179)
"Thermo Scientific Partisol X-Plus 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler"
or "Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025iD Dichotomous Sequential Air
Sampler," configured for dual-filter sampling of fine (PM2 5) and coarse (PM.„. 5)
particle components, with a U.S. EPA PM10 inlet and using a virtual impactor to
separate the fine and coarse PM into two samples for collection on two separate
filter membranes, and operated with the modified filter shuttle mechanism
implemented May 31. 2008, and firmware version 1.500 or greater for the
Partisol 'iC-Plus 2025-D and version 2.0 or greater for the Partisol® 2025iD, for 24-
hour continuous sampling periods, in accordance with the Partisol®-Plus 2025-D
or Partisol® 2025i-D instmction manual, as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol.
74. page 26395, 06/02/2009 Latest modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Dichotomous Partisol® 2025i-D)
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
Temperature Range: -40°C - 50°C
27
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Laser Aerosol Spectrometry
Theory of Operation:
In a laser aerosol spectrometer, a sample of air is drawn into
a narrow inlet that limits rogue particles. Then, a collimator
generates a laser curtain perpendicular to the inlet stream.
The particles pass through this curtain, which detects the
quantity of particles. Using the inlet volume, a concentration
can be determined.
Interferences:
With the device's ability to reduce background noise
and streamline sample analysis, there are few potential
interferences.
Advantages:
Devices using this technology can measure both PM.. and
PM2 5. Additionally, the use of lasers instead of filtration
technology means the technology is non-consumable and has
little room for error.
Method Status:
There is currently one laser aerosol spectrometer approved
by the EPA for the measurement of PM, 5. These devices
are accurate and easy to use, and can cover a wide range of
particles that need monitoring.
Figure 48 Grimm Model EDM 180 PM25 Monitor (EQPM-0311-195)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM
laser aerosol spectrometer air sampling devices for the
measurement of PM2 5:
"Grimm Technologies, Inc. Model EDM 180 PM, or Tisch
Environmental TE-EDM 180 PM2 5 Monitor," light scattering
continuous ambient particulate monitor operated for 24
hours at a volumetric flow rate of 1.2 L/min, configured with
a Nafion®- type air sample dryer* complete for operation
with firmware version 7.80 or later, in accordance with the
Grimm Technologies, Inc. Model EDM 180 Operation and
Instruction Manual. The optional graphic presentation can
be made with the software model 1.177 version 3.30 or later.
(Federal Register: Vol. 76, page 15974, 03/22/2011 Latest
Modification: 01/2012; 3/2014)
Measurement Range: 0.1-6,000 iig/m'
Flow Rate: 72 LPM
Sample Precision: ±3%
28
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3.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Particulate Matter-
Coarse: (PM1025) or (PMc)
Particulate Matter (PMin._):
IU-z.o
Criteria Pollutants: Particulate Matter (PMin..)
Federal Reference Method (FRM): In-
Stack Particulate Filtration (CFR 40,
Part 50, App. L)
Theory of Operation:
Many devices are capable of measuring both PM2 5 and
PM10. The following description of the in-stack particulate
filtration method is specifically describing PM2 5; however,
the principle is the same. From Appendix L of 40 CFR, Part
50: "An electrically powered air sampler draws ambient air
at a constant volumetric flow rate into a specially shaped
inlet and through an inertial particle size separator (impactor)
where the suspended particulate matter in the PM2 5 size
range is separated for collection on a polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE) filter over the specified sampling period... .Each filter
is weighed (after moisture and temperature conditioning)
before and after sample collection to determine the net gain
due to collected PM2 5. The total volume of air sampled is
determined by the sampler from the measured flow rate at
actual ambient temperature and pressure and the sampling
time. The mass concentration of PM2 5 in the ambient air is
computed as the total mass of collected particles in the PM2 5
size range divided by the actual volume of air sampled, and is
expressed in micrograms per cubic meter of air."
Interferences:
Moisture will often collect in the filter, which will cause
errors in the measurement of collected particulate mass.
Therefore, all of this moisture must be removed to provide an
accurate measurement.
Advantages:
In-stack particulate filtration is a less expensive method for
measurement of particulate matter. Still, it provides accurate
and understandable measurements for concentrations
of PM25.
Method Status:
Currently, in-stack particulate filtration is the most
common method for the determination of PM2 5 and PM10-
concentrations. It reliability, cost, and ease of use make
it the preferred method for PM2 5 and PM10 concentration
measurement.
Figure 49 BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 Sampler Pair
(RFPS-1208-173)
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of PM2 5 and PM10 using in-stack
particulate filtration:
"BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 PM10_, 5 Sampler Pair,"
for the determination of coarse particulate matter as
PM10 2 5 consisting of a pair of BGI Model PQ200 samplers,
with one configured for sampling PM2 5 (RFPS-0498-116)
and the other configured for sampling PM10c (RFPS-1298-
125) with the PM2 5 separator replaced with a BGI WINS
Eliminator and operated in accordance with the Model
PQ200 Instruction manual supplement Appendix O. (Federal
Register: Vol. 73, page 77024, 12/18/2008)
Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM10 2 5 Sampler
Pair or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i PMin,.
1U-ZO
Air Sampler Pair (RFPS-0509-175)*
"Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-FRM PM10_, 5 Sampler
Pair" or "Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i PM10_, 5
Air Sampler Pair," for the determination of coarse particulate
matter as PM10 2 5, consisting of a pair of Thermo Scientific
Partisol® 2000-FRM or 2000isamplers, with one configured
as a PM2 5 sampler (RFPS-0498-117) and the other configured
as a PM10C sampler with the PM2 5 separator replaced with
a Thermo Scientific WINS bypass downtube (RFPS-1298-
126), with U.S. EPAPM10 inlets on both samplers and
operated in accordance with the Partisol® 2000-FRM or
2000i instruction manual supplement, as appropriate, and
the 2000i operated with firmware version 2.0 or greater.
(Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 26395, 06/02/2009 Latest
modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2000i)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 122°C
Flow Rate: 5-18 LPM
*Photo Not Available
-------
>7\ r
¦*
Figure 50 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-
Pius 2025 Sequential PM10 2 5 Air Sampler
Pair or Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2025i Sequential PM10 25 Air Sampler Pair
(RFPS-0509-176)
"Thenno Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 Sequential PM ,0,, Air Sampler Pair" or
"Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i Sequential PM10_, s Air Sampler Pair,"
for the detennination of coarse particulate matter as PM10 2 5, consisting of a pair
of Thenno Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025 sequential samplers or a pair of Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2025i sequential samplers, with one configured as a
PM25 sampler (RFPS-0498-118) and the other configured as aPM10c sampler With
the PM,. separator replaced with a Thenno Scientific Partisol® 2025 downtube
(RFPS-1298-127). Partisol®-Plus 2025 to be operated with any software version
1.003 through 1.5 and Partisol® 2025i with firmware version 2.0 or greater,
with the modified filter shuttle mechanism. Method to be operated in accordance
with the Partisol®-Plus 2025 or Partisol® 2025i instraction manual supplement,
as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 26395, 06/02/2009 Latest
modification: 06/ 2011) (Specifications are for Thenno Fisher Scientific Partisol®
2025i)
Temperature Range: -14°C - 122°C
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
?:
TISCH
"Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur Low-Volume Air Particulate Sampler
Pair" for the detennination of coarse particulate matter as PM ,,, s, consisting of
a pair of Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur samplers, with one being the
TE-Wilbur2.5 PM., sampler (RFPS-1014-219) and the other being a TE-Wilbur 10
PM10 sampler (RFPS-0714-216). and operated in accordance with the associated
TE-Wilbur instruction manual. This designation applies to PM|o M measurements
only. (Federal Register: Vol. 79, page 65392, 11/04/2014)
I
TISCH
Figure 51 Tisch Environmental Model TE-
Wilbur Low-Volume Air Particulate Sampler
Pair (RFPS-1014-220)
30
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Beta-Attenuation Monitoring
Theory of Operation:
In a beta-attenuation monitor, a constant source of air is
drawn into the monitor through a ribbon filter, which allows
particles to collect on the surface. The ribbon is then passed
through a detector, in which beta rays from a source of
radiation pass through the particles. When calibration is
performed to the manufacturer's specifications, the detector
can then determine the intensity of the beta rays that pass
through relative to a control sample. From this information,
the mass of particles can then be deduced.
Interferences:
The beta-attenuation process can be affected by several
environmental factors. Moisture in the air. in particular,
can affect readings of radiation. Calibration performed to
the manufacturer's specifications, must occur to guarantee
factors such as humidity, temperature, and pressure do not
cause error.
Advantages:
Unlike in-stack filtration, the process for beta-attenuation is
a continuous process, with filters only needing to be changed
every 24 hours. Precision is also much better than what is
seen in its FRM counterpart.
Method Status:
Beta-attenuation is the second most common method for
measurement for PM2J. It is a reliable, proven method of
measurement, and there are a variety of options available
using this method.
Figure 52 Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement
System or SWAM 5a Dual Channel Monitor (EQPM -0912-206)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM2 5 and P.M. using beta-
attenuation:
"Teledyne Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement
System" or "SWAM 5a Dual Channel Monitor" configured
for 1 -hour measurements of PV1, and PM2. by beta
attenuation, with the standard, louvered US EPAPM10
size selective inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L
on one channel (Line A or B) and with an inlet system
comprised of a PM10 pre-impactor inlet (based on European
PMJ0 inlet design) combined with a BGIVSCC™ PM,.
cyclone separator on the second channel (Line A or B. but
always with PM™ on the opposite Line). The PM10_25 mass
measurement is performed using the resultant subtraction of
PMt0 minus PM2 5. Operated in accordance with the Teledyne
Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System
Operation Manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 77. page 60985,
10/5/2012) (Specifications are for Teledyne Model 602
BetaPLUS)
Flow Rate: 0.8-2.5 mVhour
Flow Rate Accuracy: ±1%
Lower Detectable Limit: 3.0 ng/m3 (hour)
Precision: ±1.0 ng/m3
Temperature Range: 0°C-50°C
31
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Tapered Element Oscillating
Microbalance (TEOM®)
Theory of Operation:
An air sample is pulled into the TEOM® monitor through
a filter, which removes potential interferences. The filtered
air then passes to the microbalance, where molecules collect
on the tapered oscillating element. This collection of mass
changes the frequency of oscillation, and. based off the
correlation between mass and frequency, particle mass can be
calculated.
Interferences:
Since TEOM® monitors rely on the frequency of a sensitive
oscillating element; mechanical noise may interfere with
calculation. Additionally, dramatic temperature fluctuations
can also cause errors from the microbalance.
Advantages:
As a continuous method. TEOM® provides regular real-
time measurements of PM]0 concentrations. In addition,
under ideal conditions, the method is just as accurate as the
reference method.
Method Status:
There are only two approved monitors using the TEOM®
method. While under the correct conditions this method
is reliable, it sensitivity presents complications in urban
enviromnents, where PM10 concentrations are of the most
concern.
Figure 53 Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous
Ambient Particulate Monitor with FDMS® (EQPM-1013-207)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of PM2 5 and P.M.. using TEOM®:
"Thermo Scientific TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient
Particulate Monitor with FDMS®," configured for dual filter
sampling of fine (PM25) and coarse particles using the US
EPA PM10 inlet specified in 40 CFR 50 Appendix L, Figs.
L-2 thru L-19 and a virtual impactor, with a total flow rate of
16.67 L/min, fine sample flow of 3 L/min, and coarse sample
How rate of 1.67 L/min and operating with firmware version
1.70 and later, operated with or without external enclosures,
and operated in accordance with the Thermo Scientific
TEOM® 1405-DF Dichotomous Ambient Particulate
Monitor Instruction Manual. This designation applies to
PM10.2 5 measurements only. (Federal Register: Vol. 78, page
67360", 11/12/2013)
Measurement Accuracy:: ±0.75%
Flow Rate:: 12 LPM
Measurement Precision:: ±2 pg/fil? (hour), ±1 p.g/in3
(24 hours)
Measurement Resolution:: 0.1 [ig/iu*
Temperature Range:: 8°C - 25°C
32
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Dichotomous Air Sampler
Theory of Operation:
In a dichotomous air sampler, air is drawn into an inlet and
separated by size. Particles then collect on a TeflonCD filter.
The filter is then analyzed with either neutron activation
analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.
Interferences:
Assuming the method is operated with all proper calibration
measures, potential interferences are negligible.
Advantages:
Dichotomous air samplers allow measurement of particles
between 2.5 micrometers and 10 micrometers, which can
cover a range of needed measurements in one device.
Method Status:
There are currently two dichotomous air samplers approved
by the EPA. These devices are accurate and easy to use. and
can cover a wide range of particles that need monitoring.
Figure 54 Met One Instruments BAM-1020 PM10 25 Measurement
System (EQPM-0709-185)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM
dichotomous air sampling devices for the measurement of
PM, 5 and PM|0:
"Met One Instruments BAM-1020 PM10_, 5 Measurement
System," consisting of 2 BAM-1020 monitors, the first of
which (PM, 5 measurement) is configured as a PM2. FEM
(EQPM-0308-170). The second BAM-1020 monitor (PM10
measurement) is configurable as a P.M., FEM (EQPM-0308-
170), but set to monitor PM10 The BAM-1020 monitors are
collocated to within 1-4 meters of one another. The BAM-
1020 performing the PM2 5 measurement is equipped with
Met One Instruments, Inc. P/N BX-Coarse interface board
and accessories; the units are interconnected to provide
concurrent sampling and to report PM]0,, 5 concentrations
directly to the user. Both units are operated in accordance
with BAM-1020 PM-Coarse Addendum Rev. 5-5 or later and
the BAM-1020 Operations Manual Rev. D or later. (Federal
Register: Vol. 74, page 28241, 06/15/2009)
33
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Figure 55 Thermo Scientific Partisol®
2000-D Dichotomous Air Sampler or
Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol®
20Q0i-D Dichotomous Air Sampler
(EQPS-0509-178)
"'Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2000-D Dichotomous Air Sampler" or "Thermo
Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D Dichotomous Air Sampler," configured for
dual-filter, single-event sampling of fine ( PM„. and coarse (PM10_25) particles,
operated with a U.S. EPA PM10 inlet and using a virtual impactor to separate fine
and coarse PM into two samples for collection on two separate filter membranes,
for a 24-hour sampling period, in accordance with the Partisol® 2000-D or
Partisol® 2000i-D instruction manual, as appropriate. Partisol® 2000i-D operated
with firmware version 2.0 or greater. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 26395,
06/02/2009 Latest modification: 06/ 2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Partisol® 2000i-D)
Temperature Range: -40°C - 50°C
/
'ID
i •
•1 • tisch ,y •
J
491?
Figure 56 Thermo Scientific Partisol®-
Plus 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential
Air Sampler or Thermo Fisher Scientific
Partisol® 2025iD Dichotomous Sequential
Air Sampler (EQPS-0509-180)
"Thermo Scientific Partisol®-Plus 2025-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler"
or "Thermo Scientific Partisol® 2025i-D Dichotomous Sequential Air Sampler,"
configured for dual-filter sampling of fine (PM, 5) and coarse (PM.i;ga s) particle
components, with a U.S. EPAPM10 inlet and using a virtual impactor to separate
the fine and coarse PM into two samples for collection on two separate filter
membranes, and operated with the modified filter shuttle mechanism implemented
May 31, 2008, and firmware version 1.500 or greater for the Partisol®-Plus 2025-
D and version 2.0 or greater for the Partisol® 2025iD, for 24-hour continuous
sampling periods, in accordance with the Partisol H -Plus 2025-D or Partisol®
2025i-D instruction manual, as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page
26395, 06/02/2009 Latest modification: 06/2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Fisher Scientific Dichotomous Partisol® 2025i-D)
Flow Rate: 10-19 LPM
Temperature Range: -40°C -50°C
"Tisch Enviromnental Model TE-Wilbur Low-Volume Air Particulate Sampler
Pair" for the determination of coarse particulate matter as PMW, _ consisting of a
pair of Tisch Environmental Model TE-Wilbur samplers, with one being the TE-
Wilbur2.5 PM2, sampler with TE-PM2 5C particle size separator (EQPS-0415-223)
and the other being a TE-WilburlO PM10 sampler (RFPS-0714-216), and operated
in accordance with the associated TE-Wilbur instruction manual. This designation
applies to PM10 J J measurements only. (Federal Register: Vol. 80, page 32114,
6/05/2015)
Temperature Range: -25°C - 50°C
Flow Range: 0-25 LPM
Flow Accuracy: ±3%
Temperature Accuracy: ±.15°C
Pressure Range: 450 mmHg-1238 mmHg
Pressure Accuracy: ±10 mmHg
Environmental Model TE-Wilbur2.5 and TE-WilburlO Sampler Pair (EQPS-
0415-224)
34
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4.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Sulfur Dioxide (S02)
Criteria Pollutant: Sulfur Dioxide (S02)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Pararosaniline Method (CFR 40,
Part 50, App. A)
Theory of Operation:
The pararosaniline method relies on the method of
measurement described in Appendix A of 40 CFR, Part 50:
"A measured volume of air is bubbled through a solution
of 0.04 M potassium tetrachloromercurate (TCM). The S02
present in the air stream reacts with the TCM solution to
form a stable monochlorosulfonatomercurate complex. Once
formed, this complex resists air oxidation and is stable in
the presence of strong oxidants such as ozone and oxides of
nitrogen. During subsequent analysis, the complex is reacted
with acid-bleached pararosaniline dye and formaldehyde
to form an intensely colored pararosaniline methyl sulfonic
acid. The optical density of this species is determined
spectrophotometrically at 548 mn and is directly related to
the amount of S02 collected. The total volume of air sampled,
corrected to EPA reference conditions (25 C, 760 mrnHg
[101 kPa]), is determined from the measured flow rate and
the sampling time. The concentration of S02 in the ambient
air is computed and expressed in micrograms per standard
cubic meter."
Interferences:
Potential interferences such as nitrogen oxides and heavy
metals are eliminated by the addition of sulfamic acid and
EDTA/phosphoric acid, respectively. Also, ozone interference
is prevented by the time delay.
Advantages;
When calibration is performed to the manufacturer's
specifications, the Pararosaniline Method produces very
accurate results for the measurement of S02. Additionally, it
is a relatively inexpensive and simple procedure, making it a
preferred method in certain parts of the world.
Method Status:
While the Pararosaniline Method is the current reference
method for S02 measurement, it is not widely used because
it is a 'wet chemistry' method requiring an extensive and
expensive analytical chemistry procedure using skilled
personnel to analyze the results. Most S02 monitoring
networks are moving to the ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF)
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM), which is a gas-reaction
method that does not require 'wet chemistry' procedures.
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
U.V. Fluorescence
Theory of Operation:
Sulfur dioxide releases a characteristic fluorescence when it
is irradiated by ultraviolet light of 190-230 mn. The molecule
absorbs this region of light, while most other pollutants in air
do not. Therefore, in devices using U.V. fluorescence, a beam
of radiation is passed through a sample. The decay radiation
is passed through a filter and photomultiplier tube, which
allows a concentration to be measured.
Interferences:
Water vapor and oxygen can interfere with this characteristic
fluorescence of sulfur dioxide at certain wavelengths. Water
vapor must be removed by a dryer or by selecting particular
wavelengths to limit error. Diluting an air sample with
nitrogen can reduce the oxygen concentration, reducing error
in this regard, as well.
Advantages:
U.V Fluorescence is one of the most sensitive methods
for measuring concentrations. The method is capable
of measuring very particular samples, and with the help
of additional U.V. lasers, any interferences or potential
overlapping can be eliminated.
Method Status:
U.V Fluorescence is the most widely used method for
determination of S02 concentrations. Many of the earliest
devices depended on this method, and it is still widely
used today. Its cost effectiveness and ease of use make
U.V Fluorescence one of the best processes for accurate
measurement.
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of S02 using U.V. Fluorescence:
Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc. Model 100
SOz Analyzer (EQSA-0990-077)*
"Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc. Model 100
Fluorescent S02 Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.1 ppm , the
0-0.2 ppm , the 0-0.5 ppm, or the 0-1.0 ppm range with a
5-micron TFE filter element installed in the rear-panel filter
assembly, either a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump
35
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capable of providing 20 inches of mercury vacuum at 2.5 L/min, with or without
any of the following options: Internal Zero/Span; Pump Pack; Rack Mount With
Slides; RS-232 Interface; Status Output; TFE Zero/Span Valves; Zero Air Scrubber;
Dual Range.2 (Federal Register: Vol. 55, page 38149, 09/17/1990)
Beckman Model 953 Fluorescent Ambient S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0678-029)*
"Beckman Model 953 Fluorescent Ambient SO, Analyzer," operated on a range of
either 0-0.5ppm or 0-1.0 ppm, with a time constant setting of 2, 2.5, or 3 minutes,
a 5 to 10 micron membrane filter element installed in the rear-panel filter assembly,
with or without any of the following options: Remote Operation Kit, Catalog No.
641984; Digital Panel Meter, Catalog No. 641710; Rack Mount Kit, Catalog No.
641709; Panel Mount Kit, Catalog No. 641708. (Federal Register: Vol. 43, page
35995,08/14/1978)
"Dasibi Model 4108 U.V. Fluorescence SO, Analyzer," operated with a range of
0-100 ppb , 0-200 ppb , 0-500 ppb, or 0-1000 ppb, with a Teflon-coated particulate
filter and continuous hydrocarbon removal system, with or without any of the
following options: Rack Mounting Brackets and Slides; RS-232-C Interface:
Temperature Correction. (Federal Register: Vol. 51, page 32244, 09/10/1986)
"DKK-TOA Corporation Model GFS-32 Ambient Air S02 Ultraviolet Fluorescent
Analyzer," operated within the 0.000 to 0.500 ppm range in the temperature range
of 20°C to 30°C. (Federal Register: Vol. 62, page 44007, 08/18/1997)
Figure 57 Dasibi Model 4108
U.V. Fluorescence SO, Analyzer
(EQSA-1086-Q61)
Figure 58 DKK-TOA Corp. Model
GFS-312E Ambient S02 Analyzer
(EQSA-1107-168)
"DKK-TOA Corporation Models GFS-112E and GFS-112E-1 U.V. Fluorescence
SO, Analyzer." operated at any temperature ranging from 15°C to 35°C, on any of
the following measurement ranges: 0-0.05 ppm, 0-0.100 ppm, 0-0.200 ppm, 0-0.5
ppm, or 0-1.000 ppm. and with or without the optional internal zero air supply and
permeation tube oven. (Federal Register: Vol. 65, page 2610, 01/18/2000)
"DKK-TOA Corporation Model GFS-312E Ambient SO, Analyzer," operated
at any environmental temperature in the range of 20oC to 30oC on any of the
following measurement ranges: 0-0.1 ppm, 0-0.2 ppm and 0-0.5 ppm. (Federal
Register: Vol. 72, page 63176, 11/08/2007)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.2 ppb
Zero Drift: ±0.5 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±1% (24 hours)
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
Figure 59. Ecotech Serinus 50 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS50 Sulfur Dioxide
Analyzer or Teledyne Analytical Instruments 6400E Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer or Tisch
Environmental TE 2.0 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer (EQSA-0809-188)
"Ecotech Serinus 50 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer" or "Opsis AB OPS50 Sulfur Dioxide
Analyzer" or "Teledyne Analytical Instruments 6400E Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer"
or "Tisch Environmental TE 2.0 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer," operated in the range
of 0-0.5 ppm, with a five-micron Teflon# filter element installed, and with the
following selected: Background-Enabled, Control Loop-Enabled, Diagnostic
Mode-Operate, Pres/Temp/Flow Compensation-Enabled, Span Compensation-
Disabled, with concentration automatically corrected for temperature and pressure
*Photo NgtAyailabh
-------
changes, and operated according to the
Serinus 50 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer
User Manual or the Opsis OPS50
Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer User Manual
or the Teledyne Analytical Instruments
6400E Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer
Instruction Manual or the Tisch
Environmental TE 2.0 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer Instruction Manual, as appropriate.
(Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 38184, 07/31/2009 Latest Modifications: 05/2010,
05/2011, 05/2012, 8/2014)
(Specifications are for Ecotech Serinus 50)
Measurement Range: 0-20 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of <0.15 ppb or 0.2% of measurement
Linearity: <1% of full scale
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (24 hours, 7 days)
Span Drift: <0.5% of reading
Temperature Range: 0°C - 40°C
"Environncmcnt S.A Model AF21M Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer," operated on a range
of 0-0.5 ppm with a response time coefficient setting of 01, a Teflon filter installed
in the rear-panel filter assembly, and with or without any of the following options:
Rack Mount/Slides, RS-232-C Interface. (Federal Register: Vol. 57, page 5444,
02/14/1992)
Figure 60. Environnement S.A. Model
AF21M S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0292-084)
Figure 61. Environnement S.A. Model
AF22M S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0802-149)
"Environnement S.A Model AF22M UV Fluorescence Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer,"
operated with a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature in the range
of 10°C to 35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter, with a response
time setting of 11 (Automatic response time), with the automatic "ZERO-REF"
cycle ON and set for activation every 24 hours, and with or without either of the
following options: Permeation oven. Rack mount slides.2 (Federal Register: Vol.
67, page 57811, 09/12/2002)
Measurement Range: 0-10.00 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.001 ppm
Response Time: 20-120 seconds to 90%
Zero Drift: <1 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: <1% (24 hours)
Linearity: ±1%
Sample Flow Rate: 415 cc/min
Working Temperature: 10°C-35°C
Figure 62 Horiba Models APSA-360, APSA-360-CE, or APSA-360A-CE SO, Monitors
(EQSA-0197-114)
"Horiba Instruments, Inc. Models APSA-360, APSA-360-CE or APSA-360A-CE
Ambient Sulfur Dioxide Monitor," operated with a full scale range of 0 - 0.50
ppm, at any temperature in the range of 5°C to 40°C, with a Line Setting of
"MEASURE," an Analog Output Setting of "MOMENTARY VALUE", and with
or without any of the following options :2 1) Rack Mounting Plate and Side Rails.
2) RS-232 Communications Port, and 3) Internal zero gas and span gas generator.
"Horiba Instruments, Inc. Model APSA-360A-CE Ambient Sulfur Dioxide
Monitor." operated with one of the following measurement ranges: 0-0.05 ppm,
0-0.1 ppm, 0-0.2 ppm, 0-0.5 ppm or 0-1.0 ppm; with selectable time constants from
37
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gas and span gas generator. (Federal Register: Vol. 62. page 6968, 02/14/97; Vol.
63, page 31992, 06/11/1998)
(Specifications are for APSA-360)
Measurement Range: 0-0.5 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppb
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: 1.0% of full scale
Zero Drift: Greater of ±1.0 ppb or ± 1.0% of full scale (24 hours)
10 to 300 seconds; at any temperature Span Drift: ±1.0% full scale (24 hours), ±2.0% of full scale (7 days)
in the range of 5°C to 40°C; and with Response Time: <180 seconds
or without the optional internal zero Interference: ±3.0 ppb
"Horiba Instruments Incorporated Model APSA-370 Ambient SO, Monitor,"
operated with a full scale fixed measurement range of 0 - 0.50 ppm, with the
automatic range switching off, at any enviromnental temperature in the range of
20°C to 30°C.2 (Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 25587, 05/01/2006)
Measurement Range: 0-0.5 ppm
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.0% of full scale
Flow Rate: 0.7 LPM
Figure 63 Horiba Model APSA-370
Ambient S02 Monitor (EQSA-0506-159)
Meloy Model SA 700 Fluorescence Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer
(EQSA-0580-046)*
"Meloy Model S A 700 Fluorescence Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer," operated on the
0-250 ppb, the 0-500 ppb, or the 0-1000 ppb range with a time constant switch
position of either 2 or 3. The analyzer may be operated at temperatures between
20°C and 30°C and at line voltages between 105 and 130 volts, with or without
any of the following options: FS-1 Current Output; FS-2 Rack Mount Conversion;
FS-2ARack Mount Conversion; FS-2B Rack Mount Conversion; FS-3 Front Panel
Mounted Digital Meter; FS-5 Auto/Manual Zero/Span With Status; FS-6 Remote/
Manual Zero/Span With Status: FS-7 Auto Zero Adjust. (Federal Register: Vol.
45, page 31488, 05/13/1980)
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model 8850 S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0779-039)*
"Monitor Labs or Lear Siegler Model 8850 Fluorescent SO, Analyzer," operated
on a range of either 0-0.5 or 0-1.0 ppm, with an internal time constant setting of
55 seconds, a TFE sample filter installed on the sample inlet line, with or without
any of the following options: 03 A Rack; 03B Slides; 05A Valves Zero/Span; 06A
IZS Internal Zero/Span Source; 06B,C,D NIST Traceable Permeation Tubes; 08A
Pump; 09ARack Mount For Option 08A; 010 Status Output W/Connector; 013
Recorder Output Options; 014 DAS Output Options; 017 Low Flow Option; 018
Kicker. (Federal Register: Vol. 44, page 44616, 07/30/1979)
*Photo}Jot Available
-------
Figure 64 SERES Model SF 2000 G Sulfur
Dioxide Analyzer (EQSA-0810-194)
"SERES model SF 2000 G Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer," UV fluorescence method
using a wavelength source approaching 215 mn and a selective membrane for
aromatic hydrocarbon removal, operated with a full scale measurement range of
0 - 0.5 ppni at any ambient temperature in the range of 20°C to 30°C, with tabletop
or rack mounts, microprocessor controlled menu-driven user interface, onboard
diagnostics and system test functions, analog output signals of 4-20 mA or user
selectable voltage ranges up to 10 V, printer port, modem port and 32 pin data/
control/alarm port, user selectable manual and automatic zero/span and calibrate
modes; with or without a permeation tube system (optional equipment) for internal
calibration; operated in accordance with the SF 2000 G U ser and Maintenance
Manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 75, page 51039, 08/18/2010)
Temperature Range: 0°C - 40°C
Measurement Range: 100-20,000 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: <1 ppb
Response Time: 60 seconds to 90%
Linearity: ±1.0%
Zero Drift: <2 ppb (7 days)
Span Drift: <1% (1 month)
Flow Rate: 30-50 LPM
"SIR S.A. Model S-5001 U.V Fluorescence SO, Analyzer," operated with a
full-scale measurement range of 0 - 0.5 ppm. with an integration time setting of
1 minute, and with or without an optional PCMCIA card or the optional internal
permeation oven.2 (Federal Register: Vol. 72, page 26627, 05/10/2007)
Figure 65 SIR S.A. Model S-5001
U.V. Fluorescence SO, Analyzer
(EQSA-0507-166)
39
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Figure 66 Ieledyne Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation, Models 100A, 100AS,
100E, 100EU, T100, T100U; Teledyne
Analytical Instruments Model 6400A; or
Teledyne Monitor Labs sensor-e™ Model
TML-50 S02 Analyzers: or recordum
airpointer® system module 801-001000
(EQSA-0495-100)
'Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 100 A, 100AS, 100E.
100EU, T100 or T100U; Teledyne Analytical Instruments Model 6400A; or
Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. sensor-e™ Model TML-50 UV Fluorescent Sulfur
Dioxide Analyzer; operated on any full scale range between 0-50 ppb and 0-1000
ppb, at any temperature in the range of 5 to 40 degrees C, with a TFE filter element
or a Kynar® DFU installed in the filter assembly, with either the vendor-supplied
internal pump or a user- or vender-supplied external vacuum pump capable of
maintaining an absolute pressure of 35 cm (14 inches) of mercury (or less) at 1.0
standard liter per minute flow rate, with the following software settings: Dynamic
zero: OFF or ON; Dynamic span: OFF; AutoCal: ON or OFF; Dual range: ON or
OFF; Autorange: ON or OFF; Temp/pressure compensation: ON; dilution factor:
OFF or 1.0; and with or without any of the following options (if available for the
various models):2 Rack mount with or without chassis slides; Fluorocarbon zero/
span valves; Internal zero/span (IZS); Three-point internal zero/span (1ZS. option
51C); 4-20 mA. isolated analog outputs; analog input option: External pump; Status
outputs; Control inputs; Rack mount for external pump with tray; RS-232 output:
Ethernet output; Zero air scrubber; Combustion Filter; SO, Permeation tube,
certified or uncertified, 0.4 ppm fg 0.7 L/min; SO, Permeation tube, certified or
uncertified, 0.8 ppm @ 0.7 L/min. Airpointer® module 801-001000 only: operated
on any full scale range between 0-0.05 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm, with a PTFE filter
element installed in the internal filter assembly, with the software setting: FRM/
FEM conform mode; at any temperature in the range of 10°C to 45°C, with either
a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump capable of providing an absolute pressure
of 16 inches mercury or less at 2.5 sLpm; installed in the compact, thermally
controlled (-40°C to + 45°C) and weather proof airpointer base unit with integrated
data acquisition and management system mounted on a frame, pole, or wall; with
or without wireless telemetry; with or without internal span option as module
supplement consisting of penneation oven and penneation tube: with or without
modules for other criteria pollutants; with or without analyzer for particulate
matter; with or without additional 3rd party sensors for e.g. meteorology, noise, or
traffic counting. Operated with the appropriate instrument manual. Note 2 applies to
the following Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Models 100E, 100EU,
T100, T100U, and Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. Sensor-eTM Model TML-50.
(Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 17061, 04/04/1995 Latest Modification: 08/2010;
05/2013; 07/2014) (Specifications are for Teledyne T100)
Measurement Range: 0-20,000 ppb
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: <0.5% of full scale (24 hours)
Response Time: 20 seconds
Linearity: 1% of full scale
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 650 cmVinin
Temperature Range: 5°C - 40°C
40
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Figure 67 Teledyrie Monitor Labs/Casella/
Ecotech Model ML9850/CM2050/EC9850/
EC9850T; Teleayne Monitor Labs/Casella/
Ecotech/Model ML9850B/CM2Q50B/
EC9850B; or Wedding & Associates Model
1040 S02 Analyzers (EQSA-0193-092)
"Teledyne Monitor Labs, Casella Monitor, or Ecotech Models ML9850/CM2050/
EC9850, or ML9850B/CM2050B/ EC9850B, Ecotech Model EC9850T, or
Wedding & Associates, Inc. Model 1040 Sulfur Dioxide Analyzers," operated on
any full scale range between 0-0.050 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm, at any temperature in
the range of 15°C to 35°C, with the service switch on the secondary panel set to
the In position; with the following menu choices selected: Range: 0.05 ppm to 1.0
ppm; Over-ranging: Enabled or Disabled; Background: Not Disabled: Calibration:
Manual or Timed: Diagnostic Mode: Operate: Filter Type: Kalman; Pres/Temp/
Flow Comp: On; Span Comp: Disabled: and as follows: Model ML9850/CM2050/
EC9850/EC9850T - with a five-micron Teflon® filter element installed internally,
with the 50-pin I/O board installed on the rear panel configured at any of the
following output range settings: Voltage, 0.1 V, 1 V, 5 V, 10 V; Current, 0-20
inA. 2-20 niA, 4-20 mA: and with or without any of the following options: Valve
Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS); Rack Mount Assembly; Internal Floppy
Disk Drive. Models ML9850B/CM2050B/EC9850B and 1040 - with either a
vendor-supplied or equivalent user supplied five-micron Teflon® filter, zero air
scrubber, and exhaust pump, and with or without any of the following options:
Valve Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS); Rack Mount Assembly; 50-pin I/O
board: Exhaust Scrubber; Internal Zero/Span Assembly (IZS); hinged, fold-down
front panel. Operated with the appropriate instrument manual. (Federal Register:
Vol. 58, page 6964, 02/03/1993 Latest Modification: 03/2011)
(Specifications are for Ecotech Model EC9850)
Measurement Range: 0-20 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of 0.5 ppb or 0.2% of reading
Zero Drift: <1.0 ppb (24 hours, 1 month)
Span Drift: 0.5% of reading (24 hours, 1 month)
Response Drift: 20 seconds
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Precision: Greater of 0.5 ppb or 1% of reading
Flow Rate: 0.50 LPM
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
Figure 68 Thermo Electron Model 43 S02
Analyzer (EQSA-0276-009)
'Thermo Electron Model 43 Pulsed Fluorescent SO, Analyzer," equipped with an
aromatic hydrocarbon cutter and operated on a range of either 0-0.5 or 0-1.0 ppm,
with or without any of the following options: 001 Rack Mounting For Standard 19
Inch Relay Rack; 002 Automatic Actuation Of Zero And Span Solenoid Valves;
003 Type S Flash Lamp Power Supply; 004 Low Flow. (Federal Register: Vol.
41, page 8531, 02/27/1976; Vol. 41, page 15363, 04/12/1976; Vol. 42, page 20490,
04/20/1977 Vol. 44, page 21861, 04/12/1979; Vol. 45, page 2700, 01/14/1980; Vol.
45. page 32419, 05/16/1980)
Measurement Range: 0-20,000 mg/m3
Flow Rate: 0.6-1 LPM
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppm
Response Time: 80 seconds
Span Drift: ±1% of full scale
Temperature Range: 20°C-30°C
Zero Drift: <1 ppm (24 hours)
41
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km m
Figure 69 Thermo Environmental
Instruments, Inc./Thermo Electron Models
43A, 43B, 43C, 43C-TLE, 43i, 43i-TLE S02
Analyzers (EQSA-0486-060)
"Thermo Electron or Thermo Environmental Instruments, Inc. Model 43 A or 43B
Pulsed Fluorescence S02 Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.1 ppm, the 0-0.2 ppm,
the 0-0.5 ppm, or the 0-1.0 ppm range, with either a high or a low time constant
setting (Model 43 A) and with or without any of the following options: 001-Teflon
Particulate Filter, 002-19" Rack Mounting Configuration,003-Internal Zero/
Span Valves, 004-High Flow Rate (1 LPM), 005-Current Output, 006-Intemal
Permeation Span Source, 007-Remote Activation of Zero/Span Valves, 008-RS-
232 Interface (Model 43B), 009-Pressure/Temperature Compensation (Model
43B)."Thermo Enviromnental Instruments, Inc. Models 43C, 43C-TLE. 43i,
43i-TLE, Pulsed Fluorescence S02 Analyzer," operated on any measurement
range between 0-50 ppb (0-101 ppb for Model TLE) and 0-1000 ppb, with any
time average setting from 10 to 300 seconds, with temperature and/or pressure
compensation on or off, operated at temperatures between 20oC and 30oC, and
with or without any of the following options :2 Teflon particulate filter, 4-20 mA
current output or I/O expansion board. Rack mounts. Internal permeation span
source/Permeation oven. Internal zero/span and sample solenoid valves. High flow
rate (0.5-1.0 LPM); Models 43C, 43C-TLE: Remote activation of zero/span and
sample valves, RS-232/485 interface. (Federal Register: Vol. 51, page 12390,
04/10/1986) (Specifications are for Thermo Environmental Instruments 43i)
Measurement Range: 0-20,000 mg/m3
Flow Rate: 0.6-1 LPM
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppm
Response Time: 80 seconds
Span Drift: ±1% of full scale
Temperature Range: 20°C-30°C
Zero Drift: <1 ppm (24 hours)
42
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5.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Ozone (03)
Criteria Pollutant: Ozone (03)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Ethylene Chemiluminescence (CFR 40,
Part 50, App. D)
Theory of Operation:
Theory relies on the method of measurement described in
Appendix D of 40 CFR, Part 50: "Ambient air and ethylene
are delivered simultaneously to a mixing zone where the
ozone in the air reacts with the ethylene to emit light,
which is detected by a photomultiplier tube. The resulting
photocurrent is amplified and is either read directly or
displayed on a recorder."
Interferences:
Water vapor is one of the most common interferences in the
chemiluminescence process. Calibration performed to the
manufacturer's specifications, must occur to reduce error
from this interference.
Advantages:
Interferences are rarely an issue with chemiluminescence, as
water vapor is the only potential complication. With proper
adjustments, error from interferences can be reduced greatly.
Method Status:
While chemiluminescence was the method of choice for
older devices, newer devices rely on it less and less. Still, it is
a reliable and valid method of measurement of O v METHOD
IS NO LONGER COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE. Note:
The Nitrous Oxide (NO) Federal Equivalent Method
for ozone was recommended by the U.S. Enviromnental
Protection Agency's Clean Air Scientific Advisory
Committee's (CASAC) Air Monitoring and Methods
Subcommittee (AMMS) as a second FRM for ozone during
June and July 2014.
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM
devices for the measurement of O, using Gas Phase
Chemiluminescence:
Beckman Model 950A Ozone Analyzer
(RFOA-0577-020)*
"Beckman Model 950A Ozone Analyzer," operated on a
range of 0-0.5 ppm and with the "SLOW" (60-second)
response time, with or without any of the following options:
Internal Ozone Generator; Computer Adaptor Kit; Pure
Ethylene Accessory. (Federal Register: Vol. 42, page 28571,
06/03/1977)
Bendix or Combustion Engineering Model 8002 Ozone
Analyzer (RFOA-0176-007)*
"Bendix or Combustion Engineering Model 8002 Ozone
Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.5 ppm range, with a
40-second time constant, with or without any of the following
options: Rack Mounting with Chassis Slides; Rack Mounting
without Chassis Slides; Zero and Span Timer, Ethylene/C02
Blend Reactant Gas. (Federal Register: Vol. 41, page 5145,
02/04/1976 and Vol. 45, page 18474, 03/21/1980)
Columbia Scientific Industries Model 2000 Ozone Meter
(RFOA-0279-036)*
"Columbia Scientific Industries Model 2000 Ozone Meter,"
when operated on the 0-0.5 ppm range with either AC or
battery power: The BCA 952 battery charger/AC adapter
M952-0002 (115V) or M952-0003 "(230V) is required for AC
operation; an internal battery M952-0006 or 12 volt external
battery is required for portable non-AC powered operation.
(Federal Register: Vol. 44, page 10429, 02/20/1979)
McMillan (MEC) Models 1100-1, 1100-2, and 1100-3
Ozone Meters: "MEC Model 1100-1 Ozone Meter,"
(RFOA-1076-014), "MEC Model 1100-2 Ozone Meter,"
(RFOA-1076-015), "MEC Model 1100-3 Ozone Meter,'
(RFOA-1076-016)*
Operated on a 0-0.5 ppm range, with or without any of the
following options: 0011 Rack Mounting Ears; 0026 Alarm
Set Feature; 0012 Instrument Bail; 0033 Local-Remote
Sample; Zero, Span Kit Blend Feature; 0016 Chassis Slide
Kit; 0040 Ethylene/C02. (Federal Register: Vol. 41, page
46647, 10/22/1976 and Vol. 42, page 30235, 06/13/1977)
*Photo Not Available
43
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Meloy Model OA325-2R Ozone Analyzer (RFOA-1075-003)*
"Meloy Model OA325-2R Ozone Analyzer," operated with a scale range of 0-0.5
ppm, with or without any of the following options: 0-4 Output Booster Amplifier;
0-18 Rack Mount Conversion; 0-18ARack Mount Conversion. (Federal Register:
Vol. 40, page 54856, 11/26/1975)
Meloy Model OA350-2R Ozone Analyzer (RFOA-1075-004)*
"Meloy Model OA350-2R Ozone Analyzer," operated with a scale range of 0-0.5
ppm, with or without any of the following options: 0-2 Automatic Zero and Span;
0-3 Remote Control Zero And Span; 0-4 Output Booster Amplifier; 0-18 Rack
Mount Conversion; 0-18A Rack Mount Conversion. (Federal Register: Vol. 40,
page 54856, 11/26/1975)
Monitor Labs Model 8410E Ozone Analyzer (RFOA-1176-017)*
"Monitor Labs Model 8410E Ozone Analyzer," operated on a range of 0-0.5 ppm
with a time constant setting of 5 seconds, with or without any of the following
options: DO Status Outputs; ER Ethylene Regulator Assembly; VTFE Zero/Span
Valves; TF TFE Sample Particulate Filter; VT TFE Zero/Span Valves and Timer.
(Federal Register: Vol. 41, page 53684, 12/08/1976)
*Photo Not Available
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
U.V. Photometry
Theory of Operation:
An air sample is drawn into a 'mixing chamber' in the
device and is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light at a 254 nm
wavelength. Ozone absorbs UV light in proportion to its
concentration (and other parameters) as compared to an air
sample without ozone.
Interferences:
Some gaseous hydrocarbons and other compounds, such as
mercury, which absorb UV light at a 254 mn wavelength will
interfere with measurements using this method.
Advantages:
Since O, is unique in its absorption of light at 254 mn, very
few potential compounds will interfere with this method.
Additionally, this method can often be used to measure many
different pollutants using very similar technology.
Method Status:
U.V Photometry is the most widely used method for
measuring O , concentrations. Most modern devices rely on
this method for its accuracy and ease of use.
Monitor
Figure 702B Technologies Model 202 and 205 Ozone
Monitors (EQOA-0410-190)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of O, using U.V. photometry:
"2B Technologies Models 202 (single beam) and 205 (dual
beam) Ozone Monitors," operated in a range of 0 - 0.5
ppm in an environment of 10 - 40°C, with temperature and
pressure compensation, internal Dew Line for humidity
control, using a 10 second average, with a 110-220V AC
power adapter or a 12 V DC source 4.0 to 6.0 watt power
consumption, operated according to the Model 202 or 205
Ozone Monitor Operation Manual with or without the
following: cigarette lighter adapter or a 12V DC battery for
portable operation, external TFE inlet filter and holder, serial
data port with computer cable, BNC connector for 0-2.5V
scalable analog output, internal data logger, 3-analog inputs
for external signals (such as temperature, relative humidity
or pressure), rack mount hardware, on-board backup sample
pump. (Federal Register: Vol.75, pages 22126-22127,
04/27/2010 Latest Modification: 12/2010) (Specifications are
for 2B Technologies Model 202)
Dynamic Range: 1.5 ppb-250 ppm
Resolution: 0.1 ppb
Precision: Greater of 1.5 ppb or 2% of reading
Accuracy: Greater of 1.5 ppb or 2% of reading
Lower Detectable Limit: 3.0 ppb
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
Response Time: 20 seconds
Temperature Range: 0°C-50°C
-------
Figure 71 2B Technologies Model 211
Ozone Monitor (EQOA-0514-215)
"2B Teclinologies Models 211 scrabberless Ozone Monitors," operated in a range
of 0 - 0.5 ppm in an environment of 20 - 30°C, with temperature and pressure
compensation internal Dew Line for humidity control, gas phase titration of ozone
for interference-free measurements, using a 1 minute average, with a 110-220V AC
power adapter or a 12V DC source, 8.0 to 12.0 watt power consumption, operated
according to the Model 211 Scrabberless Ozone Monitor Operation Manual with
either an external nitric oxide source or internal photolytic generator for production
of NO scrubber gas from nitrous oxide, and with or without the following: cigarette
lighter adapter or a 12 V DC battery for portable operation external PTFE inlet
filter and holder, serial data port with computer cable. BNC connector for 0-2.5 V
or 4-20 mA scalable analog output, internal data logger, microFlash card for data
recording and backup, rack mount hardware, and long life sample pump. (Federal
Register: Vol.79, pages 34734-34735 06/18/2014)
Dynamic Range: 0-2,000 ppb
Resolution: 0.1 ppb
Precision: Greater of 0.5 ppb or 1% of reading
Accuracy: Greater of 1.0 ppb or 2% of reading
Flow Rate: 2 LPM
Response Time: 20 seconds
Temperature Range: 10°C - 50°C
Figure 72 2B Technologies Model
106-L or 106-OEM-L Ozone Monitor
(EQOA-0914-218)
"2B Teclinologies Model 106-L or 106-OEM-L Ozone Monitor." operated
in a range of 0 - 0.5 ppm in an environment of 20- 30 °C, temperature and
pressure compensation, internal Dew Line for humidity control, using a 1 minute
average, with a 12V DC source supplied by a 100-240V AC power adapter,
operated according to the Model 106-L Ozone Monitor Operation Manual and
with or without the following: cigarette lighter adapter or a 12V DC battery for
portable operation external PTFE or PVDF inlet filter and holder, U SB data
port with computer cable. (Federal Register: Vol. 79, page 65392, 11/04/2014)
(Specifications are for 2B Teclinologies Model 106-L)
Measurement Range: 0-100 ppm
Resolution: 0.1 ppb
Precision: Greater of 2 ppb or 2% of reading
Accuracy: Greater of 2 ppb or 2% of reading
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
"Dasibi Model 1003-AH, 1003-PC, or 1003-RS Ozone Analyzer," operated on
a range of either 0-0.5ppm or 0-1.0 ppm, with or without any of the following
options: Adjustable Alarm; Aluminum Coated Absorption Tubes, Integrated Output;
Vvcor-Jacketcd U.V. Source Lamp; BCD Digital Output; Rack Mounting Ears And
Slides; 0-10 mV. 0-100 mV, 0-1 V, Or 0-10 V; Glass (Pyrex) Absorption Tubes;
Tefion-based Solenoid Valve; Analog Output. (Federal Register: Vol. 42, page
28571, 06/03/1977)
Figure 73 Dasibi Models 1003-AH,
1003-PC, or 1003-RS Ozone Analyzers
(EQOA-0577-019)
46
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Figure 74 Dasibi Models 1008-AH,
1008-PC, or 1008-RS Ozone Analyzers
(EQOA-0383-056)
"Dasibi Model 1008-AH, 1008-PC, or 1008-RS Ozone Analyzer," operated on
a range of either 0-0.5 ppm or 0-1.0 ppm, with or without any of the following
options: Aluminum Coated Absorption Tubes; BCD Digital Output; RS232
Interface; Glass (Pvrex) Absorption Tubes; Vvcor-Jacketcd U.V. Source Lamp;
Ozone Generator; Teflon-based Solenoid Valve; Photometer Flow Restrictor (2
LPM); 4-20 inA, Isolated, Or Dual Analog Outputs; Rack Mounting Brackets
Or Slides; 20 Second Update Software. (Federal Register: Vol. 48, page 10126,
03/10/1983) (Specifications are for all three models)
Measurement Range: 0-1.0 ppm
Flow Rate: 2 LPM
Precision: 0.001 ppm
Temperature Range: 0°C-45°C
Zero Drift: 0.5% of reading
Span Drift: ±0% of reading
Response Time: 50 seconds
DKK-TOA Corp. Model GUX-113E Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0200-134)*
"DKK-TOA Corporation Models GUX-113E and GUX-113E-1 Ozone Analyzer,"
operated at any temperature in the range of 15oC to 35oC, on any of the following
measurement ranges: 0-0.100 ppm, 0-0.200 ppm, 0-0.5 ppm, or 0-1.000 ppm. and
with or without the optional Internal Ozone Generator. (Federal Register: Vol. 65;
page 11308, 03/02/2000)
Figure 75 DKK-TOA Corp. Model
GUX-313E Ambient 03 Analyzer
(EQOA-1107-169)
Figure 76 Ecotech Serinus 10 Ozone
Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS 10 Ozone
Analyzer or Tisch Environmental TE 1.0
Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0809-187)
"DKK-TOA Corporation Model GUX-313E Ambient O, Analyzer," operated at any
enviromnental temperature in the range of 20oC to 30oC on any of the following
measurement ranges: 0-0.1 ppm, 0-0.2 ppm and 0-0.5 ppm. (Federal Register: Vol.
72, page 63176, 11/08/2007)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppb
Zero Drift: ±1 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±1% (24 hoursO
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
"Ecotech Serinus 10 Ozone Analyzer" or "Opsis AB OPS10 Ozone Analyzer" or
"Tisch Enviromnental TE 1.0 Ozone Analyzer," operated in the range of 0-0.5
ppm, with a five-micron Teflon® filter element installed, and with the following
selected: Control Loop-Enabled, Diagnostic Mode-Operate, Pres/Temp/Flow
Compensation-Enabled, Span Compensation-Disabled, with concentration
automatically corrected for temperature and pressure changes, and operated
according to the Serinus 10 Ozone Analyzer User Manual, or the Opsis AB OPS 10
Ozone Analyzer User Manual, or the Tisch Environmental TE 1.0 Ozone Analyzer
Instruction Manual, as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 38184,
07/31/2009 Latest Modifications: 05/2010, 05/2012, 8/2014) (Specifications are for
Ecotech Serinus 10)
Measurement Range: 0-20 ppm
Precision: Greater of 0.5 ppb or 0.2% of reading
Linearity: <1% of full scale
Response Time: 30 seconds
Flow Rate: 0.5 LPM
Zero Drift: <0.3 ppb (24 hours, 7 days)
Span Drift: 0.5% of reading (7 days)
*Photo Not Available
47
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Figure 77 Environics Series 300 Ozone
Analyzer (EQOA-0990-078)
"Environics Series 300 Computerized Ozone Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.5
ppm range, with the following parameters entered into the analyzer's computer
system: Absorption Coefficient = 308 4; Flush Time = 3; Integration Factor = 1;
Offset Adjustment = 0.025 ppm; Ozone Average Time = 4; Signal Average = 0;
Temp/Press Correction = On; and with or without the RS-232 Serial Data Interface.
(Federal Register: Vol. 55, page 38386, 09/18/1990)
Environnement S.A. Model 0341M UV Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0895-105)*
"Environnement S.A. Model 0341M UV Photometric Ozone Analyzer," operated
on a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature in the range of 15°C to
35°C, with the response time set to 50 seconds, and with or without any of the
following options:2 Internal Ozone Generator; Span External Control; RS232-
422 Serial Interface; Internal Printer. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 39382,
08/02/1995)
Environnement S.A. Model 0342M UV Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0206-148)*
"Environnement S.A Model 0342M UV Photometric Ozone Analyzer," operated
with a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature in the range of 10°C to
35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter, with response time setting
of 11 (Automatic response time), and with or without any of the following options:
2 c) Internal ozone generator, d) Span external control (zero/span solenoid valve).
(Federal Register: Vol. 67, page 42557, 06/24/2002)
Measurement Range: 0-10 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit; 0.4 ppb
Response Time: 20 seconds
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (24 hours), <1 ppb (7 days)
Span Drift: <0.5% (24 hours)
J
Environnement u
Figure 78 Environnement S.A. Model 03
42e UV Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0515-225)
"Environnement S.A. Model O, 42e UV Photometric Ozone Analyzer/' operated
in a range of 0-0.5 ppm in an environment of 0 - 35°C, with a Teflon sample inlet
filter, with automatic temperature and pressure compensation, with a flow-rate of 1
liter/min and with zero/span external solenoid valve. (Federal Register: Vol. 80,
page 32114, 6/05/2015)
Measurement Range: 0-0.5 ppm
Temperature Range: 0°C-35°C
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
I- """W7
1 Js ,IL..
¦
Figure 79 Horiba Instruments Models
APOA-360 or APOA-360-CE Ozone
Monitor (EQOA-0196-112)
"Horiba Instruments, Inc. Model APOA-360 or APOA-360-CE Ambient Ozone
Monitor," operated with a full scale range of 0 - 0.50 ppm, at any temperature in
the range of 10°C to 40°C, with a Line Setting of "MEASURE," and an Analog
Output of "MOMENTARY VALUE." and with or without any of the following
options:2 1) Rack Mounting Plate and Side Rails 2) RS- 232 Communications Port,
and 3) Optional Internal Zero/Span Check. (Federal Register: Vol. 61, page 11404,
03/20/1996) (Specifications are for I-Ioribia APOA-360)
Measurement Range: 0-1.0 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppb
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: 2.0% of full scale
Zero Drift: Greater of ±1.0 ppb or±1.0% of full scale (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±1.0% full scale (24 hours), ±2.0% of full scale (7 days)
Response Time: <120 seconds
*Photo}Jot Available
-------
"Horiba Instruments Incorporated APOA-370 Ambient O, Monitor," standard
specification, operated with a full-scale fixed measurement range of 0 - 0.5 ppm,
with the automatic range switching off, at any temperature in the range of 20 to
30°C. (Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 25587, 05/01/2006)
Measurement Range: 0-1.0 ppm
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.0% of full scale
Flow Rate: 0.7 LPM
Temperature Range: 20°C-30°C
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model 8810 Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0881 -053)*
"Monitor Labs or Lear Siegler Model 8810 Photometric Ozone Analyzer," operated
on a range of either 0-0.5 or 0-1.0 ppm, with selectable electronic time constant
settings from 20 through 150 seconds, with or without any of the following options:
05 Pressure Compensation; 06 Averaging Option; 07 Zero/Span Valves; 08 Internal
Zero/Span (Valve And Ozone Source); 09 Status; 10 Particulate Filter; 15 through
20 DAS/REC Output. (Federal Register: Vol. 46, page 52224, 10/26/1981)
PCI Ozone Corporation Model LC-12 Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0382-055)*
"PCI Ozone Corporation Model LC-12 Ozone Analyzer," operated on a range of
0-0.5 ppm. (Federal Register: Vol. 47, page 13572, 03/31/1982)
Philips PW9771 03 Analyzer (EQOA-0777-023)*
"Philips PW9771 03 Analyzer," consisting of the following components:
PW9771/00 03 Monitor with PW9724/00 Disc.-Set; PW9750/00 Supply Cabinet;
PW9750/20 Supply Unit operated on a range of 0-0.5 ppm, with or without any of
the following accessories: PW9732/00 Sampler Line Heater; PW9750/30 Frame
For MTT; PW9750/41 Control Clock 60 Hz; PW9733/00 Sampler; PW9752/00 Air
Sampler Manifold. (Federal Register: Vol. 42, page 38931, 08/01/1977; Vol. 42,
page 57156, 11/01/1977)
Seres Model OZ 2000 G Ozone Analyzer (EQOA-0506-161)*
"Seres OZ 2000 G Ozone Ambient Air Analyzer," operated with a full-scale range
of 0 - 0.5 ppm, at any temperature in the range of 20°C to 30°C, and with or
without either of the following options: internal ozone generator, teletransmission
interface. (Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 25587, 05/01/2006)
Measurement Range: 100-10,000 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: <1 ppb
Response Time: 10-120 seconds
Zero Drift: <1.5 ppb (7 days)
Span Drift: <1% (1 month)
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
Flow Rate: 1-2 LPM
*Photo Not Available
-------
Figure 81 SIR S.A. Model S-5014 03
Analyzer (EQOA-0207-164)
"SIR S.A. Model S-5014 Photometric O, Analyzer," operated on the 0 - 500 ppb
measurement range, within an ambient temperature range of 20°C to 30°C, with
a sample inlet particulate filter, and with or without an optional PCMCIA card.
(Federal Register: Vol. 72, page 8985, 02/28/2007)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1,000 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.6 ppb
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (1 month)
Span Drift: <0.5 ppb (1 month)
Response Time: 15 seconds
Precision: 1 ppb
Linearity: ±1%
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
Flow Rate: 1.5 LPM
Sutron Corporation Model 6030 03 Analyzer (EQOA-0415-222)*
"Sutron Model 6030 Ozone Analyzer," operated at any of the following
measurement ranges: 0-0.05 ppm, 0-0.5 ppm and 0- 1.0 ppm, at any ambient
temperature in the range of 5°C -45 °C, with an averaging time of 1 to 99 analyzer
cycles (0 to 396 seconds), with sample flow rate of 0.5 to 1 Lpm and in accordance
with the Model 6030 Ozone Analyzer Operation Manual and with or without the
following options: internal ozone generator, zero/span ports for external calibration.
(Federal Register: Vol. 80, page 32114, 6/05/2015)
Measurement Range: 0-500 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: 1 ppb
Zero Drift: <1.0 ppb (24 hours), <2.0 ppb (7 days)
Span Drift: <1% (1 month)
Response Time: 20 seconds
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
Operating Temperature: 5°C-45°C
Tanabyte Models 722, 723, 724, 725, or 726 Ambient Ozone Analyzer
(EQOA-0407-165)*
'Tanabyte Models 722,723, 724, 725, or 726 Ambient Ozone Analyzer," enclosed
in either a Dual-Bay Chassis or a Single-Bay Chassis and operated on either the 0
- 0.5 ppm or 0 - 1.0 ppm measurement range, within an ambient temperature range
of 20 to 30°C, and with a sample inlet particulate filter installed in the sample filter
holder. (Federal Register: Vol. 72, page 20846, 04/26/2007)
50
*Photo Nol Available
-------
Figure 82 Teledyne Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation, Model 400E orT400;
Advanced Pollution Instrumentation,
Model 400/400A; Teledyne Monitor
Labs sensor-e™ Model TML-10 Ozone
Analyzers; or recordum airpointer® system
module 801-004000; (EQOA-0992-087)
"Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation. Model 400E orT400; Advanced
Pollution Instrumentation, Model 400 or 400A; or Teledyne Monitor Labs
sensor-e™ Model TML-10 Ozone Analyzed' operated on any full scale range
between 0-100 ppb and 0-1000 ppb, with any range mode (Single, Dual, or
Auto-Range), at any ambient temperature in the range of 5°C to 40°C, and with
a TFE filter or a Kynar® DFU. Models 400E, T400 and TML-10: operated with
a sample flow rate of 800 ± 80 cm® /min (sea level), with the dilution factor set
to I. with Dynamic Zero ON or OFF, with Dynamic Span OFF, with Temp/
Press compensation ON. and with or without any of the following options:
Internal or external sample pump, Sample/Cal valve option. Internal Zero/Span
(IZS), Rack mount with or without slides, analog input option. 4-20 mA isolated
current loopoutput.2 Models 400/400A: operated with the dynamic zero and span
adjustment feature (some Model 400 units only) set to OFF. and with or without
any of the following options: Zero/Span Valve option. Internal Zero/Span (IZS)
option, IZS ozone generator reference feedback option, standard serial port or
Multi-drop RS-232, digital status outputs, analog outputs: 100 mV, IV, 5V, 10V,
4-20 mA current loop, optional metal wool ozone scrubber, optional external
sample pump, optional 47 mm diameter filter, optical bench heater, rack mount with
slides, airpointer® system module 801-004000 only: operated on any full scale
range between 0-0.100 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm, with a PTFE filter element installed in
the internal filter assembly, with the software setting: FRM/FEM conform mode;
at any temperature in the range of 10°C to 45°C, with either a user- or vendor-
supplied vacuum pump capable of providing an absolute pressure of 16 inches
mercury or less at 2.5 sLpm: installed in the compact, thermally controlled (-40°C
to + 45°C) and weather proof airpointer base unit with integrated data acquisition
and management system mounted on a frame, pole, or wall; with or without
wireless telemetry; with or without the internal span option as module supplement
consisting of ozone generator; with or without modules for other criteria pollutants;
with or without analyzer for particulate matter; with or without additional 3rd
party sensors for e.g. meteorology, noise, or traffic counting. Operated with
the appropriate instrument manual. Note 2 applies to the following Teledyne
Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Models 400E, T400, and Teledyne Monitor
Labs, Inc. Sensor-e™ Model TML-10. (Federal Register: Vol. 57, page 44565,
09/28/1992; Vol. 63, page 31992, 06/11/1998 Vol. 67, page 57811, 09/12/2002
Latest Modification: 08/2010; 05/2013; 07/2014) (Specifications are for Teledyne
API Model T400)
Measurement Range: 0-10 ppm of full scale
Lower Detectable Limit: <0.4 ppb
Zero Drift: <1.0 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: <1% of reading (24 hours)
Response Time: <20 seconds
Linearity: 1% of full scale
Precision: <0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 800 cuiVmin
51
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Figure 83 Teledyne Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation, Model T204 Analyzer
(EQOA-0514-214)
Figure 84 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/
Ecotech Models ML9810/CM2010/EC9810,
-11, or-12, Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/
Ecotech Model ML9810B/CM2010B/
EC9810B, or Wedding & Associates Model
1010 Ozone Analyzers (EQOA-0193-091)
"Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Model T204 NOX + O, Analyzer",
operated on any full scale range between 0-100 ppb and 0-500 ppb, at any operating
temperature from 5°C to 40°C, with either a user-or vendor-supplied vacuum pump
capable of providing an absolute pressure of 10 inches mercury or less at 3 slpm, in
accordance with the associated instrument manual, and with or without any of the
following options: Zero/Span valves, external communication and data monitoring
interfaces. Note 2 applies to the Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation,
Model T204. (Federal Register: Vol.79, pages 34734-34735, 06/18/2014 Latest
Modification: 07/2014)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1,000 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: <2 ppb
Zero Drift: <1% of full scale (24 hours)
Span Drift: <1% of full scale (24 hours)
Response Time: <10 seconds
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 800 cmVmin
"Teledyne Monitor Labs, Casella Monitor, or Ecotech Models ML9810/CM2010/
EC9810, ML9811/CM2011/EC9811, ML9812/CM2012/EC9812. orML9810B/
CM2010B/EC9810B or Wedding & Associates, Inc. Model 1010 Ozone
Analyzers," operated on any full scale range between 0-0.05 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm,
at any temperature in the range of 15°C to 35°C, with the service switch on the
secondary panel set to the In position; with the following menu choices selected:
Range: 0.05 ppm to 1.0 ppm; Over-ranging: Enabled or Disabled; Calibration:
Manual or Timed; Diagnostic Mode: Operate; Filter Type: Kahnan; Pres/Temp/
Flow Comp: On; Span Comp: Disabled; and as follows: Models ML9810/
CM2010/EC9810, -11, and -12 - with a five-micron Teflon® filter element installed
internally, with the 50-pin I/O board installed on the rear panel configured at any
of the following output range settings: Voltage, 0.1 V, IV, 5V, 10V; Current, 0-20
mA. 2-20 mA. 4-20 niA; and with or without any of the following options: Valve
Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS): Rack Mount Assembly; Internal Floppy
Disk Drive. Models ML9810B/CM2010B/EC9810B and 1010 - with either a
vendor-supplied or equivalent user-supplied five micron Teflon® filter and exhaust
pump, and with or without any of the following options: Valve Assembly for
External/Zero/Span (EZS); Rack Mount Assembly; 50-pin I/O board: Internal Zero/
Span Assembly (IZS); hinged, fold-down front panel. Operated with appropriate
instrument manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 58, page 6964, 02/03/1993 Latest
Modification: 03/2011) (Specifications are for Ecotech Model EC9810)
Measurement Range: 0-20 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of 0.25 ppb or 0.1% of reading
Zero Drift: <1.0 ppb (24 hours, 1 month)
Span Drift: 0.5% of reading (24 hours. 1 month)
Response Time: <60 seconds
Flow Rate: 0.5 LPM
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
52
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Thermo Electron/Thermo Environmental Instruments Models 49, 49C, 49i
(EQOA-0880-047)*
"Thermo Electron or Thermo Environmental Instruments, Inc. Model 49 U.V.
Photometric Ambient O, Analyzer," operated on a measurement range of either
0-0.5 or 0-1.0 ppm with or without any of the following options: 49-001 Teflon
Particulate Filter; 49-002 19 Inch Rack Mount; 49-100 Internal Ozone Generator
for Zero, Precision, and Level 1 Span Check; 49-103 Internal Ozone Generator for
Zero, Precision, and Level 1 Span Checks With Remote Activation; 49-488 GPIB
(General Purpose Interface Bus) IEEE-488. Model 49C or 49i U.V Photometric
Ambient O, Analyzer," operated on any measurement range between 0- 0.051
to 1.0 ppm, with any time average setting between 10 and 300 seconds, with the
temperature and/or pressure compensation on or off, within a temperature range
of 20°C to 30°C, with or without any of the following options: 2 Teflon particulate
filter. Internal Zero Air Scrubber, Internal Ozonator with remote activation.
Rack mounts; Model 49C: Internal Ozonator, Carrying Handle, 4-20 mA current
output, RS-232 Interface, RS-485 Interface; Model 49i: I/O expansion board.
(Federal Register: Vol. 45, page 57168, 08/27/1980 Latest Modification: 12/2011)
(Specifications are for Thermo Enviromnental Model 49i)
Measurement Ranges: 0-200 ppm
Flow Rate: 1-3 LPM
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Precision: 1 ppb
Response Time: 20 seconds
Temperature Range: 20°C-30°C
*Photo Not Available
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Differential Optical Absorption
Spectroscopy (DOAS)
Theory of Operation:
Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS)
depends on the absorption of visible light or UV by a
substance of interest. In a DOAS system, a sample has
several wavelengths of light beamed through it, and then the
amount of each wavelength absorbed is detected. The amount
absorbed is directly proportional to the concentration of
ozone in the sample.
Interferences:
Compounds that interrupt the path of the laser will cause
error, however these cases are relatively limited.
Advantages:
DOAS devices are most useful in that they can be used to
measure air samples at multiple levels. Therefore, they are
often preferred in urban enviromnents, where concerns of
smog are the greatest.
Method Status:
DOAS devices are only used in very particular circumstances
with certain conditions, so they are not widely used.
However, in outdoor enviromnents with few interferences it
is a reliable method of measurement.
Figure 85 Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath
Monitoring System (EQOA-0400-137)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of O, using DOAS:
"Environnement S.A. Model SANOA Multigas Longpath
Air Quality Monitoring System, consisting of a receiver, one
or more projectors, interface unit, a user-provided control
unit computer running the SANOA VisionAIR software, and
associated incidental equipment; configured for measuring
O,, with the temperature control and internal calibration cell
options installed, operated with a measurement range of 0 to
0.5 ppm, over an installed monitoring path length of between
27 and 500 meters, within an ambient air temperature range
of -30 to +45°C, with a measurement (integrating) time of
180 seconds, and with or without external temperature and
barometric pressure sensors or any of the following options:
external (meteo) input connection, series 1M bus connection,
OGR type projector, analog outputs. A high-concentration
ozone generator, part # 80- 231-03, or the SONIMIX
712 IB calibration system is recommended for calibration or
accuracy auditing. (Federal Register: Vol. 65, page 26603,
05/08/2000)
Monitoring Path Length: 100-500 m
Lower Detectable Limit: <1 ppb
Linearity: <1% of full scale
Response Time: 3 minutes
54
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"Opsis Model AR 500 System" or "System 300 Open Path (long path) Ambient
Air Monitoring Systems," configured for measuring O,. with one detector and
moveable grating, operated with a measurement range of 0 to 0.5 ppm, an installed
monitoring path length between 20 and 500 meters (or 20 and 1000 meters with the
ER 150 option, AR 500 System only), xenon lamp type B (150 watt), fiber optic
cable length between 3 to 20 meters; operating within an ambient air temperature
range of -50 to +50°C, an analyzer temperature range of 20 to 30°C, a measurement
Figure 86 Opsis Model AR 500 and (integrating) time setting between 30 and 120 seconds (0 min:30 sec. to 2 min:00
System 300 Open Path Ambient Air see. ), and with a complete cycle time of not more than 200 seconds (3 min, 20
Monitoring Systems for Ozone (EQOA- see.). Under this method designation, the Model AR 500 System or System 300
0495-103) consists of: AR 500 opto-analyser; emitter EM 110 and receiver RE 110 (together
identified as ER 110); optic fibre cable OF60-S; power supply PS 150, Opsis
operational software, version 7.0 or 7.1; and initial on-site installation, setup, and
limited operator training.2 Optional components that can be used with the Model
AR 500 only, in addition to or as alternative to corresponding components listed
above: • AR 503 opto-analyzer configured as Model AR 500 (only the center
detector active, sequential monitoring) • Emitter/receiver ER 150 (for monitoring
path lengths up tol kilometer) • Transceiver ER 130 and Retrorefiector RE 090
with 7 prisms (max. monitoring path length 150 meters) or 12 prisms (max.
monitoring path length 250 meters) • Receiver RE 130 • Optic fibre cable OF60-R
(low-loss for short wavelengths) • Multiplexers MX 004 and MX 024 • Dataloggers
DL 010 and DL 016 • Analogue and digital input/output cards AO 008, AI016, and
DI032 • Analogue and digital isolation cards IA 008, ID 008, OA 008, and OD 008
• Window heaters HF 110 and HF 150 • Mirror heaters HM 110 and HM 150 • Auto
calibration unit CU 007 • Software packages IO 80 (for the analogue and digital
input/output adapters), DL10 and DL16 (for data loggers), ComVision, and STAT
500; Recommended calibration and accuracy audit components (or equivalent)
for either Model AR 500 or System 300: • Wavelength calibration lamp CA 004
• Calibration bench CB 100 • Receiver unit RE 060 (two required) • Calibration
unit CA 150, with same type lamp as used in the monitoring path emitter • Power
supply PS 150 for calibration unit CA 150 • Calibration cells CC 001-X, where
X represents various cell lengths from 1 to 900 mm • Special calibration cells
CC 110 or CC 150 (for mounting directly on receiver) • Ozone generator OC
500 • Light meter LM 010. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 21518, 05/02/1995)
(Specifications are for Opsis System 300)
Lower Detectable Limit: 1 ng/m3
Zero Drift: ±2 ng/m3 (1 month)
Span Drift: ±2% (1 month)
Linearity: ±1%
Max Length of Path: 500 m
Measurement Range: 0-1,000 ng/m3
55
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6.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Carbon Monoxide
(CO)
Carbon Monoxide (CO):
Criteria Pollutant: Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry
(CFR 40, Part 50, App. C)
Theory of Operation:
Non-dispersive infrared photometry (NDIR) monitors rely
on the method of measurement described in Appendix
C of 40 CFR, Part 50: "Measurements are based on the
absorption of infrared radiation by carbon monoxide (CO)
in a non-dispersive photometer. Infrared energy from a
source is passed through a cell containing the gas sample to
be analyzed, and the quantitative absorption of energy by
CO in the sample cell is measured by a suitable detector.
The photometer is sensitized to CO by employing CO gas
either in the detector or in a filter cell in the optical path
thereby limiting the measured absorption to one or more of
the characteristic wavelengths at which CO strongly absorbs.
Optical filters or other means may also be used to limit
sensitivity of the photometer to a narrow band of interest.
Various schemes may be used to provide a suitable zero
reference for the photometer. The measured absorption is
converted to an electrical output signal, which is related to
the concentration of CO in the measurement cell."
Interferences:
Potential interferences may come from other gases that
absorb infrared radiation similarly to CO, such as water and
carbon dioxide. Major interferences can be eliminated with
use of an interference cell, in which large concentrations of
potential interferents are used to absorb the overlapping IR
radiation.
Advantages:
There are many advantages to using NDIR devices for
the measurement of carbon monoxide. NDIR monitors
are relatively simple to use and may be operated by even
nontechnical personnel. These devices are also not sensitive
to flow rate, and they do not require a 'wet chemical' reaction
to operate. Additionally, these devices can cover a wide range
of concentrations, and compared with many devices they
have very short response times.
Method Status:
Currently, NDIR is the most widely used method for
determining carbon monoxide concentrations. All but
one of the EPA designated devices for measurement of
carbon monoxide use NDIR. The method's ease of use and
accuracy makes it a reliable technique for measuring CO
concentrations.
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of carbon monoxide using NDIR:
Beckman Model 866 CO Monitoring System
(RFCA-0876-012)*
"Beckman Model 866 Ambient CO Monitoring System,"
consisting of the following components: Pump/Sample-
Handling Module; Gas Control Panel; Model 865-17
Analyzer Unit; Automatic Zero/Span Standardizer; operated
with a 0-50 ppm range, a 13 second electronic response time,
with or without any of the following options: Current Output
Feature; Bench Mounting Kit; Linearizer Circuit. (Federal
Register: Vol. 41, page 36245, 08/27/1976)
Bendix/Combustion Engineering Model 8501-5CACO
Analyzer (RFCA-0276-008)*
"Bendix or Combustion Engineering Model 8501-5CA
Infrared CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50 ppm range and
with a time constant setting between 5 and 16 seconds, with
or without any of the following options: Rack Mounting
with Chassis Slides; Rack Mounting without Chassis Slides;
External Sample Pump. (Federal Register: Vol. 46, page
20773, 02/18/1976)
Dasibi Model 3003 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0381 -051)*
"Dasibi Model 3003 Gas Filter Correlation Dasibi
Enviromnental CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50 ppm
range, with a sample particulate filter installed on the sample
inlet line, with or without any of the following options: 3-001
Rack Mount; 3-002 Remote Zero and Span; 3-003 BCD
Digital Output; 3-004 4-20 Milliamp Output; 3-007 Zero/
Span Module Panel. (Federal Register: Vol. 46, page 20773,
04/07/1981)
*Photo Not Available
57
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Figure 87 Dasibi Model 3008 CO Analyzer
(RFCA-0488-067)
"Dasibi Model 3008 Gas Filter Correlation CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50
ppm range, with a time constant setting of 60 seconds, a particulate filter installed
in the analyzer sample inlet line, with or without use of the auto zero or auto zero/
span feature, and with or without any of the following options: N-0056-A RS-
232-C Interface; S-0132-A Rack Mounting Slides; Z- 0176-S Rack Mounting
Brackets. (Federal Register: Vol. 53, page 12073, 04/12/1988)
Linearity: ±1%
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.1 ppm
Span Drift: +1% (24 hours). ±2% (1 week)
Response Time: 120 seconds
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
"DKK-TOA Corporation Model GFC-31 IE Ambient CO Analyzer," operated
with full scale fixed measurement ranges of 0- 5, 0-20, and 0-50 ppm at any
environmental temperature in the range of 20 C to 30 C. (Federal Register: Vol.
72, page 56339, 10/03/2007)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.4 ppm
Zero Drift: ±0.1 ppm (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±2% (24 hours)
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
Figure 88 DKK-TOA Corporation Model
GFC-311E Ambient CO Analyzer (RFCA-
0907-167)
Figure 89 Ecotech Serinus 30 Carbon
Monoxide Analyzer or OPSIS AB OPS 30
Carbon Monoxide Analyzer or Teledyne
Analytical Instruments GFC7001E Carbon
Monoxide Analyzer or Tisch Environmental
TE 3.0 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer (RFCA-
0509-174)
"Ecotech Serinus 30 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer" or "OPSIS AB OPS30 Carbon
Monoxide Analyzer" or "Teledyne Analytical Instruments GFC7001E Carbon
Monoxide Analyzer" or "Tisch Environmental TE 3.0 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer,"
operated in the range of 0-50 ppm with a five-micron Teflon# filter element
installed, and with the following selected: Background- Enabled, Control Loop-
Enabled. Diagnostic Mode-Operate, Pres/Temp/Flow Compensation-Enabled,
Span Compensation- Disabled, with concentration automatically corrected for
temperature and pressure changes, and operated according to the Serinus 30 Carbon
Monoxide Analyzer User Manual or the OPS30 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer User
Manual or the Teledyne Analytical Instruments GFC7001E Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer Instruction Manual, or the Tisch Environmental TE 3.0 Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer Instruction Manual as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page
26395, 06/02/2009 Latest Modifications: 05/2010, 05/2011, 05/2012,08/2014)
Measurement Range: 0-200 ppm
Noise: Greater of <0.02 ppm or 0.2% of reading
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of <0.04 ppm or 0.2% of reading
Linearity: <1% of lull scale
Precision: Greater of 0.1 ppm or 0.1% of reading
Zero Drift: <0.1 ppm (24 hours, 1 week)
Span Drift: <0.5% of reading (1 week)
Flow Rate: 1000 cc/min
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
58
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Figure 90 Environnement S.A, Model
C011M CO Analyzer (RFCA-0995-108)
"Environnement S.A. Model CO 11M Ambient Carbon Monoxide Analyzer,"
operated on a full scale range of 0 - 50 ppm, at any temperature in the range of
15°C to 35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter, with the following
software settings: Automatic response time ON; Minimum response time set to 40
seconds (RT 13); Automatic ZERO-REF cycle programmed every 24 hours; and
with or without any of the following options: 2 RS232-422 Serial Interface; Internal
Printer. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 54684,10/25/1995)
"Environnement S.A Model C012M Gas Filter Correlation Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer/' operated with a full scale range of 0 - 50 ppm, at any temperature in
the range of 10°C to 35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter, with
response time ON, and with the automatic "ZERO-REF" cycle either ON or OFF.2
(Federal Register: Vol. 67. page 42557, 06/24/2002)
Measurement Range: 0-200 ppm
Figure 91 Environnement S.A. Model Lower Detectable Limit: 40 ppb
C012M CO Analyzer (RFCA-0206-147) Response Time: 30 seconds
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppm (24 hours), <0.1 ppm (1 week)
Span Drift: <0.5% (24 hours), <1% (7 days)
Horiba Models AQM-10, AQM-11, orAQM-12 CO Monitoring Systems
(RFCA-1278-033)*
"Horiba Models AQM-10, AQM-11, or AQM12 Ambient CO Monitoring
Systems," operated on the 0-50 ppm range, with a response time setting of 15.5
seconds, with or without any of the following options: AIC-101 Automatic
Indication Corrector; VIT-3 Non-Isolated Current Output; ISO-2 and DCS-3
Isolated Current Output. (Federal Register: Vol. 43, page 58429, 12/14/1978)
Horiba Model APMA-300E CO Monitoring System (RFCA-1180-048)*
"Horiba Model APMA-300E Ambient Carbon Monoxide Monitoring System,"
operated on the 0-20 ppm, the 0-50 ppm. or the 0-100 ppm range with a time
constant switch setting of No. 5. The monitoring system may be operated at
temperatures between 10°C and 40°C. (This method was originally designated
as "Horiba Model APMA 300E/300SE Ambient Carbon Monoxide Monitoring
System.") (Federal Register: Vol. 45, page 72774, 11/03/1980)
Figure 92 Horiba Models
APMA-360 orAPMA-360-CE CO
Monitor (RFCA-0895-106)
"Horiba Instruments Incorporated, Models APMA-360 or APMA-360-CE Ambient
Carbon Monoxide Monitor," operated on the 0-50 ppm range, with the Line Setting
set to "MEASURE," with the Analog Output set to "MOMENTARY VALUE," and
with or without the following options:2 1) Rack Mounting Plate and Side Rails 2)
RS-232 Com Port. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 39382, 08/02/1995)
(Specifications are for Horiba APMA-360)
Measurement Range: 0-100 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.05 ppm
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.0% of full scale
Span Drift: ±2.0% (24 hours), ±3.0% (1 week)
Response Time: 60 seconds
Environnemenl u
lp: — AtkoooiSitB
*Photo Not Available
59
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"Horiba Instruments Incorporated Model APMA-370 Ambient CO Monitor,"
operated with a full scale fixed measurement range of 0 - 50 ppm, with the
automatic range switching off, at any enviromnental temperature in the range of
20°C to 30°C.2 (Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 25587, 05/01/2006)
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.0% of full scale
Flow Rate: 1.5 LPM
Measurement Range: 0-100 ppm
Figure 93 Horiba Model APMA-370 CO
Monitor (RFCA-0506-158) MASS-CO, Model 1 CO Analyzer (RFCA-1280-050)*
"MASS-CO, Model 1 Carbon Monoxide Analyzer," operated on a range of 0-50
ppm, with automatic zero and span adjustments at time intervals not to exceed 4
hours, with or without the 100 millivolt and 5 volt output options. The method
consists of the following components: (1) Infra-2 (Uras 2) Infrared Analyzer Model
5611-200-35, (2) Automatic Calibrator Model 5869-111, (3) Electric Gas Cooler
Model 7865-222 or equivalent with pre-humidifier, (4) Diaphragm Pump Model
5861-214 or equivalent, (5) Membrane Filter Model 5862-111 or equivalent, (6)
Flow Meter Model SK 1171-U or equivalent, (7) Recorder Model Mini Comp
DN 1/192 or equivalent. NOTE: This method is not now commercially available.
(Federal Register: Vol. 45, page 81650, 12/11/1980)
Monitor Labs Model 8310 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0979-041)*
"Monitor Labs Model 8310 CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50 ppm range, with
a sample inlet filter, with or without any of the following options: 02A Zero/
Span Valves, 03 A Floor stand, 04APump (60 Hz), 04B Pump (50 Hz), 05 A CO
Regulator, 06A CO Cylinder, 07A Zero/Span Valve Power Supply, 08A Calibration
Valves, 09A, B, C, D Input Power Transformer. (Federal Register: Vol. 44, page
54545, 09/20/1979 and Vol. 45, page 2700, 01/14/1980)
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model 8830 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0388-066)*
"Monitor Labs or Lear Siegler Model 8830 CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50
ppm range, with a five micron Teflon filter element installed in the rear-panel
filter assembly, with or without any of the following options: 2 - Zero/Span Valve
Assembly; 3 - Rack Assembly; 4 - Slide Assembly; 7 - 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz.
(Federal Register: Vol. 53, page 7233, 03/07/1988)
MSA/LIRA Model 202S CO Analyzer System (RFCA-0177-018)*
"LIRA Model 202S Air Quality Carbon Monoxide Analyzer System," consisting
of a LIRA Model 202S optical bench (P/N 459839), a regenerative dryer (P/N
464084), and rack-mounted sampling system; operated on a 0-50 ppm range, with
the slow response amplifier, with or without any of the following options: Remote
Meter; Remote Zero And Span Controls; 0-1, 5, 20, Or 50 mA Output; 1-5, 4-20,
Or 10-50 mA Output; 0-10 Or 100 mV Output; 0-1, 5, Or 10 Volt Output. (Federal
Register: Vol. 42, page 5748, 01/31/1977)
60
*Photo Not Available
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Figure 94 SIR S.A. Model S-5006 CO
Analyzer (RFCA-0708-172)
"SIR S.A. Model S-5006 CO Analyzer" operated with full-scale fixed measurement
ranges 0-50 ppm at any environment temperature in the range of 20-30 C (Federal
Register: Vol. 73. page 40866, 07/16/2008)
Measurement Range: 0-200 ppm
Noise: 0.02 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.04 ppm
Zero Drift: 0.01 ppm (24 hours)
Span Drift: 0.5% of full scale
Response Time: 60 seconds
Precision: ±0.1 ppm
Linearity: ±1.0%
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
Figure 95 Teledyne Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation Models 300, 300E, 300EU,
T300, T300U or Teledyne Monitor Labs
sensor-e™ Model TML-30 CO Analyzer; or
recordum airpointer® system module 801-
003000 (RFCA-1093-093)
-'Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 300, 300E, 300EU,
T300, T300U or Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. sensor-e™ Model TML-30, Gas
Filter Correlation Carbon Monoxide Analyzer," operated on any full scale range
between 0-10 ppm and 0-50 ppm (0-0.1 ppm for Models 300EU and T300U),
at any temperature in the range of 15°C to 35°C for Model 300 or 10°C to 40°C
for Models 300E, 300 EU, T300, T300U and TML-30, with a 5-micron TFE
filter element or a Kynar® DFU installed in the sample filter assembly, with the
dynamic zero and span adjustment set to Off for Model 300, and with or without
any of the following options: 2 Option 50, Zero/Span Valves with pressurized span
gas and shutoff valve; Option 51, Zero/Span Valves with pressurized span gas
and shutoff valve and Internal Zero Air Generator; Option 52. Zero/Span Valves;
Option 53, Zero/Span Valves with Internal Zero Air Generator; Rack Mount with
slides; RS-232 serial port with status outputs; analog input option; and (for Models
300E, 300EU, T300, T300U and TML-30) 4-20 mA isolated outputs, airpointer®
model 801-003000 only: operated on any full scale range between 0-10 ppm and
0-50 ppm, with a PTFE filter element installed in the internal filter assembly, with
the software setting: FRM/FEM conform mode; at any temperature in the range
of 10°C to 45°C, with either a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump capable
of providing an absolute pressure of 16 inches mercury or less at 2.5 sLpm;
installed in the compact, thermally controlled (-40°C to ± 45°C) and weather
proof airpointer® base unit with CO List of Designated Reference and Equivalent
Methods. June 18, 2015 Page 36 integrated data acquisition and management
system mounted on a frame, pole, or wall; with or without wireless telemetry;; with
or without internal dilution system with internal span gas bottle; with or without
modules for other criteria pollutants; with or without analyzer for particulate
matter; with or without additional 3rd party sensors for e.g. meteorology, noise, or
traffic counting. Operated with the appropriate instrument manual. Note 2 applies
to the following Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 300E,
300EU, T300, T300U. and Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. Sensor-e™ Model TML-
30. (Federal Register: Vol. 58, page 58166, 10/29/1993 Latest Modification:
08/2010; 05/2013; 07/2014
(Specifications are for Teledyne Model T300)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1000 ppm
Zero Noise: <0.02 ppm
Span Noise: <0.5% of reading
Response Time: <60 seconds
Linearity: 1.0% of full scale
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 800 cniVmin
61
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Figure 96 Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/
Ecotech Model ML9830/CM2030/EC9830/
EC9830T
"Teledyne Monitor Labs, Casella Monitor, or Ecotech Models ML9830/CM2030/
EC9830"operated on any full scale range between 0-5.0 ppm and 0-100 ppm,
at any temperature in the range of 15°C to 35°C, with the service switch on the
secondary panel set to the In position, with the following menu choices selected:
Range: 5.0 ppm to 100.0 ppm; Over-ranging: Enabled or Disabled; Background:
Not Disabled; Calibration: Manual or Timed; Diagnostic Mode: Operate; Filter
Type: Kalman; Pres/Temp/Flow Comp: On; Span Comp: Disabled; and as follows:
Model ML9830/CM2030/ EC9830/EC9830T: with a five-micron Teflon® filter
element installed internally, with the 50-pin I/O board installed on the rear panel
configured at any of the following output range settings: Voltage, 0.1V, IV, 5 V,
10V; Current, 0-20 mA, 2-20 mA and 4-20 niA; and with or without any of the
following options: Valve Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS); Valve Assembly
for Internal Zero/Span (IZS): Rack Mount Assembly; Internal Floppy Disk Drive.
(Federal Register: Vol. 57. page 44565, 09/28/1992 Latest Modification: 03/2011)
(Specifications are for Ecotech Model EC9830)
Measurement Range: 0-200 ppm
Noise: Greater of 0.025 ppm or 0.1% of reading
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of <0.05 ppm or 0.2% of reading
Zero Drift: <0.1 ppm (24 hours, 1 month)
Span Drift: 0.5% of reading (24 hours, 1 month)
Response Time: <40 seconds
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Precision: Greater of 0.1 ppm or 1.0% of reading
Flow Rate: 1 LPM
Temperature Range: 5°C-40°C
62
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Figure 97 Thermo Electron/Thermo
Environmental Instruments Models 48, 48C,
48CTLE, 48i, 48iTLE (RFCA-0981-054)
"Themio Electron or Thermo Environmental Instruments, Inc. Model 48 Gas Filter
Correlation Ambient CO Analyzer," operated on the 0-50 ppm range, with a time
constant setting of 30 seconds, with or without any of the following options: 48-
001 Teflon Particulate Filter; 48-002 19 Inch Rack Mount: 48-003 Internal Zero/
Span Valves with Remote Activation; 48-010 Internal Zero Air Package: or 48-488
GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) EEEE-488. "Thermo Electron or Thermo
Environmental Instruments, Inc. Models 48C or 48i Gas Filter Correlation Ambient
CO Analyzer," operated on any measurement range between 0-1 ppm and 0-100
ppm, with any averaging time setting from 10 to 300 seconds, with temperature
and/or pressure compensation on or off, operated at temperatures between 20oC
and 30oC, with or without any of the following options:2 Teflon particulate filter.
Internal zero air scrubber, I/O Expansion board; Model 48C: Carrying handle, 4-20
mA current output. Rack mounts, RS-232 interface. Internal zero/span and sample/
calibration solenoid valves, RS-485 interface. Internal zero/span and sample/
calibration solenoid valves with remote I/O activation; Models 48C or 48i Trace
Level-Enhanced (TLE) Gas Filter Correlation Ambient CO Analyzers operated
between 0-1 and 100 ppm with averaging time from 10 to 300 seconds, operated at
temperatures between 20° and 30°C at line voltages of 90-110, 105- 125, and 210-
250 VAC a, 50/60 Hz, with or without any of the following options: rack mounts,
Teflon® particulate filter, I/O Expansion board. (Federal Register: Vol. 46, page
47002, 09/23/1981 Latest modifications: 04/2009; 10/2010) (Specifications are for
Thermo Electron Model 48i)
Measurement Range: 0-20,000 ppm
Flow Rate: 0.5-2 LPM
Linearity: 2% of full scale
Lower Detectable Limit: 4.0 ppm
Precision: ±0.1 ppm
Response Time: 60 seconds
Span Drift: ±1% of full scale
Temperature Range: 0°C-45°C
Zero Drift: <4 ppm
Zero Noise: 2 ppb
63
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM): U.V.
Photometry
Theory of Operation:
An air sample is drawn into the device and is exposed to
a beam of U. V light. Ozone will absorb an amount of this
light, and the light that passes through will be measured by a
detector. The amount absorbed will be directly proportional
to the concentration of ozone in the sample.
Interferences:
Some gaseous hydrocarbons or any other compounds that
have absorption at 254 mn will interfere with measurements
using this method.
Advantages:
Since O, is unique in its absorption of light at 254 mn, very
few potential compounds will interfere with this method.
Additionally, this method can often be used to measure many
different pollutants using very similar technology.
Method Status:
U.V Photometry is currently not widely used for
measurements of CO. Only one device depends on this
method.
cv * *
9 » « •
Figure 98 Peak Laboratories, Model 910-170 Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer (EQCA-0814-217)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of CO using U.V. photometry:
"Peak Laboratories. Model 910-170 Carbon Monoxide
Analyzer'. (Mercury replacement- UVphotometric method)
operated on the standard range of 0-50 ppm and the lower
range of 0-1 ppm, at any operating temperature from 20°C
to 30°C, using a back-flushing GC scrubber, 99.9999%
nitrogen carrier gas at a gas pressure of 60-80 psig, with a
column temperature of 105°C, and a detector temperature
of 265°C; inlet flow of 20-100 mL/min; in accordance with
the associated instrument manual, and with or without any
of the following options: rack mount kit, internal sample
pump, 4-20 inA output module, particle filter, and data
collection software. (Federal Register: Vol. 79, page 65392,
11/04/2014 Latest modification: 6/2015)
, l AK "'KKHHt.vIKH ¦
64
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7.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO,,) - a component of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Nitrogen Dioxide (N02):
Criteria Pollutant: Nitrogen Dioxide (N02) - a component
of Oxides of Nitrogen (NO )
Federal Reference Method (FRM): Gas
Phase Chemilurninescence (CFR 40,
Part. 50, App. F)
Theory of Operation:
Gas phase chemilurninescence monitors rely on the method
of measurement described in Appendix F of 40 CFR. Part
50: "Atmospheric concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO,)
are measured indirectly by photometrically measuring the
light intensity, at wavelengths greater than 600 nanometers,
resulting from the chemiluminescent reaction of nitric
oxide (NO) with carbon monoxide. (1,2,3) NO, is first
quantitatively reduced to NO (4,5,6) by means of a converter.
NO, which commonly exists in ambient air together with
NO,, passes through the converter unchanged causing
a resultant total NOx concentration equal to NO+NO, A
sample of the input air is also measured without having
passed through the converted. This latter NO measurement
is subtracted from the former measurement (NO+NO,) to
yield the final NO, measurement. The NO and NO+NO,
measurements may be made concurrently with dual systems,
or cyclically with the same system provided the cycle time
does not exceed 1 minute."
Interferences:
Some gaseous hydrocarbons and other compounds, such as
mercury, which absorb UV light at a 254 mn wavelength will
interfere with measurements using this method.
Advantages:
Carbon monoxide has a unique absorption spectrum specific
to it, and methodologies exist to reduce interferences by other
substances.
Method Status:
Currently, gas phase chemilurninescence is the most
commonly used method for measurement of oxides of
nitrogen concentrations. Several equivalent methods have
been developed, particularly in recent years, but the accuracy
and reliability of chemilurninescence makes it the preferred
method of measurement.
Figure 99 Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc. Model 200 N02
Analyzer (RFNA-0691-082)
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of oxides of nitrogen using gas phase
chemilurninescence:
"Advanced Pollution Instrumentation. Inc. Model 200
Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated on a range of either
0-0.5 or 0-10 ppm. with a 5-micron TFE filter element
installed in the rear-panel filter assembly, with either a user-
or vendor-supplied vacuum pump capable of providing 5
inches mercury absolute pressure at 5 sLprn, with either a
user- or vendor-supplied dry air source capable of providing
air at a dew point of 0C or lower." (Federal Register: Vol.
56, page 27014, 06/12/1991)
Beckman Model 952-A N0/N02/N0x Analyzer
(RFNA-0179-034)*
"Beckman Model 952-A NO/NO,/NOx Analyzer," operated
on the 0-0.5 ppm range with the 5-micron Teflon sample
filter (Beckman P/N 861072 supplied with the analyzer)
installed on the sample inlet line, with or without the Remote
Operation Option (Beckman No. 635539)." (Federal
Register: Vol. 44, page 7806, 02/07/1979)
*Photo Hot Available
65
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Bendix Model 8101-B Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer (RFNA-0479-038)*
"Bendix Model 8101-B Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer," operated on a 0-0.5 ppm
range with a Teflon sample filter installed on the sample inlet line and with the
following post-manufacture modifications: 1) Ozone generator and reaction
chamber input-output tubing modification per Bendix Service Bulletin 8101B-2;
2) The approved converter material; 3) The revised and EPA approved operation
and service manual. These items are mandatory and must be obtained from ABB
Process Analytics. The analyzer may be operated with or without any of the
following optional modifications: a. Perma Pure dryer/ambient air modification;
b. Valve cycle time modification; c. Zero potentiometer centering modification
per Bendix Service Bulletin 8101B-1; d. Reaction chamber vacuum gauge
modification." (Federal Register: Vol. 44, page 26792, 05/07/1979)
Bendix/Cornbustion Engineering Model 8101-C Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer
(RFNA-0777-022)*
"Bendix or Combustion Engineering Model 8101-C Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer,"
operated on a 0-0.5 ppm range with a Teflon sample filter (Bendix P/N 007163)
installed on the sample inlet line." (Federal Register: Vol. 42, page 37435,
07/21/1977)
Columbia Scientific Industries Models 1600 and 5600 Analyzers
(RFNA-0977-025)*
"CSI Model 1600 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer/' operated on a 0-0.5 ppm range
with a Teflon sample filter (CSI P/N M951- 8023) installed on the sample inlet line,
with selectable options.
"Dasibi Model 2108 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer," operated on the 0-500
ppb range, with software revision 3.6 installed in the analyzer, with the auto
thumbwheel switch and the diag thumbwheel switch settings at 0, with the
following internal CPU dipswitch settings: 1: Open, Recorder outputs are NO &
NO,; 5: Open. 3 minute time constant; 6: Closed, 3 minute time constant; with a
5-micron Teflon filter element installed in the filter holder, and with or without any
of the following options: Built-in Permeation Oven Rack Moimting Three-Channel
Recorder Output RS-232 lnterface4-20 niA Output (Federal Register: Vol. 57,
Figure 100 Dasibi Model 2108 Oxides of page 55530' 11/25/1992)
Nitrogen Analyzer (RFNA-1192-089)
DKK-TOA Corporation Model GLN-114E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0798-121)*
"DKK-TOA Corporation Models GLN-114E and GLN-114E-1 Nitrogen Oxides
Analyzer," operated within a temperature range of 20°C - 30°C, on any of the
following measurement ranges: 0-0.0501, O-O.lOOf, 0-0.2001, 0-0.500, and 0-1.000
ppm, and with or without the optional Internal zero air supply and permeation tube
oven. (Federal Register: Vol. 63, page 41253, 08/03/1998)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.4 ppb
Zero Drift: ±0.6 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±1.0% (24 hours)
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
66
*Photo Hot Available
-------
Figure 101 DKK-TOA Corporation Model
GLN-314E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0508-171)
"DKK-TOA Corporation Model GLN-314E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer,"
operated at any temperature in the range of 20°C-30°C, on any of the following
measurement ranges: 1 0-0.100 ppm, 0-0.200 ppm, 0-0.500 ppm. (Federal
Register: Vol. 73, page 28819, 05/19/2008)
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.4 ppb
Zero Drift: ±0.6 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: ±1.0% (24 hours)
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
Figure 102 Ecotech Serinus 40 Oxides
of Nitrogen Analyzer or Opsis AB OPS40
Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer or Teledyne
Analytical Instruments 911QE Oxides of
Nitrogen Analyzer or Tisch Environmental
TE 4.0 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer (RFNA-
0809-186)
"Ecotech Serinus 40 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer" or "Opsis AB OPS40 Oxides
of Nitrogen Analyzer" or "Teledyne Analytical Instruments 9110E Oxides of
Nitrogen Analyzer" or "Tisch Environmental TE 4.0 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer,'
operated in the range of 0-0.5 ppm, with a five-micron Teflon® filter element
installed, with either a molybdenum or a vitreous carbon NO, to NO catalyst, and
with the following selected: Control Loop-Enabled, Diagnostic Mode-Operate,
Pres/Temp/Flow Compensation-Enabled. Span Compensation-Disabled, with
concentration automatically corrected for temperature and pressure changes,
and operated according to the Serinus 40 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer User
Manual or the OPS40 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer User Manual or the Teledyne
Analytical Instruments 9110E Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer Instruction Manual
or Tisch Enviromnental TE 4.0 Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzer Instruction Manual
as appropriate. (Federal Register: Vol. 74, page 38184, 07/31/2009 Latest
Modifications: 05/2010, 05/2011, 05/2012, 03/2013, 08/2014)
Measurement Range: 0-20 ppm
Noise: <0.2 ppb
Lower Detectable Limit: Greater of <0.4 ppb or 0.5%
Linearity: <1.0% of full scale
Precision: Greater of 0.4 ppb or 0.5% of reading
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (24 hours, 1 week)
Span Drift: <1.0% of reading (1 week)
Response Time: 15 seconds
Temperature Range: 0°C-40°C
Flow Rate: 600 cc/min
Figure 103 Environnement S. A. Model
AC31M N02 Analyzer (RFNA-0795-104)
"Environnement S. A. Model AC31M Chemiluminescent Nitrogen Oxide
Analyzer," operated with a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature in
the range of 15°C to 35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter, with
the following software settings: Automatic response time ON; Minimum response
time set to 60 seconds (RT 2); and with or without any of the following options:2
Internal Permeation Oven; Connection for Silica Gel Diyer; RS232-422 interface;
EV3 valve; Internal Printer. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 38326, 07/26/1995)
-------
Environnementsj
Figure 104 Erivironnement S. A. Model
AC32M NO, Analyzer (RFNA-0202-146)
"Enviromiement S. A. Model AC32M Chemiluminescent Nitrogen Oxides
Analyzer," operated with a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature
in the range of 10°C to 35°C, with a 5-micron PTFE sample particulate filter,
with response time setting 11 (automatic response time), and with or without the
following option: Internal permeation oven. (Federal Register: Vol. 67, page
15567, 04/02/2002)
Measurement Ranges: 0-20 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.4 ppb
Response Time: 30 seconds
Zero Drift: <0.5 ppb (24 hours), <1 ppb (1 week)
Span Drift: <0.5% (24 hours), <1% (1 week)
Linearity: ±1% of full scale
Figure 105 Horiba Instruments Models
APNA-360 or APNA-360-CE NO-NO,-NO^
Monitor (RFNA-0196-111)
-'Horiba Instruments, Inc. Models APNA-360 or APNA-360-CE Ambient NO-NO ,-
NOx Monitor," operated with a full scale range of 0 - 0.50 or 0 -1.0 ppm, at any
temperature in the range of 10°C to 40°C, with a Line Setting of "MEASURE", and
an Analog Output of "MOMENTARY VALUE", and with or without the following
options:2 1) Rack Mounting Plate and Side Rails 2) RS-232 Communications Port.
(Federal Register: Vol. 61, page 11404,03/20/1996)
(Specifications are for Horiba APNA-360)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1.0 ppm
Lower Detectable Limit: 0.5 ppb
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.0% of full scale
Span Drift: ±1.0% of full scale (24 hours), ±2.0% of full scale (1 week)
Response Time: 120 seconds
Figure 106 Horiba Instruments Model
APNA-370 N02 Monitor (RFNA-0506-157)
"Horiba Instruments Incorporated Model APNA-370 Ambient NO Monitor,"
standard specification, operated with a full scale fixed measurement range of 0 -
0.50 ppm with the automatic range switching off, at any ambient temperature in the
range of 20°C to 30°C. and with a 0.3 micrometer sample particulate filter installed.
(Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 25587, 05/01/2006)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1.0 ppm
Repeatability: ±1.0% of full scale
Linearity: ±1.05 of full scale
Flow Rate: 0.8 LPM
Meloy Model NA530R Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-1078-031)*
"Meloy Model NA530R Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated on the following
ranges and time constant switch positions: 0-0.1 (4), 0-0.25 (3 or 4), 0-0.5 (2, 3, or
4), 0-1.0 (2, 3, or 4). Operation of the analyzer requires an external vacuum pump,
either Meloy Option N-10 or an equivalent pump capable of maintaining a vacuum
of 200 torr (22 inches mercury vacuum) or better at the pump connection at the
specified sample and ozone-air flow rates of 1200 and 200 cm3 /min, respectively.
The analyzer may be operated at temperatures between 10°C and 40°C and at line
voltages between 105 and 130 volts, with or without any of the following options:
N-1A Automatic Zero And Span; N-2 Vacuum Gauge; N-4 Digital Panel Meter;
N-6 Remote Control For Zero And Span; N-6B Remote Zero/Span Control And
Status (Pulse); N-6C Remote Zero/Span Control And Status (Timer): N-9 Manual
Zero/Span; N-10 Vacuum Pump Assembly (See Alternate Requirement Above);
N-ll Auto Ranging; N-14B Line Transmitter; N-18 Rack Mount Conversion;
N-18ARack Mount Conversion. (Federal Register: Vol. 43, page 50733,
10/31/1978 and Vol. 44, page 8327, 02/09/1979)
*Photo Not Available
-------
Monitor Labs Model 8440E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-0677-021)*
"Monitor Labs Model 8440E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated on a 0-0.5 ppm
range (position 2 of range switch) with a time constant setting of 20 seconds, with
or without any of the following options: TF- Sample Particulate Filter, DO- Status
Outputs, 018A- Ozone Dry Air, 018B- Ozone Dry Air - No Drierite, R- Rack
Mount, V- Zero/Span Valves, FM- Flow meters. (Federal Register: Vol. 42,
page 37434, 07/21/1977; Vol. 42, page 46575, 09/16/1977; Vol. 46, page 29986,
06/04/1981)
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model 8840 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0280-042)*
"Monitor Labs or Lear Siegler Model 8840 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated
on a range of either 0-0.5 or 0-1.0 ppm, with an internal time constant setting of
60 seconds, a TFE sample filter installed on the sample inlet line, with or without
any of the following options: 02 Flowmeter, 08APump Pac Assembly with 09A
(115 VAC), OllARecorder Output 1 Volt 03ARack Ears, 08B Pump Pac Assembly
with 09B (100 VAC), 01 IB Recorder Output 100 mV 03B Slides, 08C Pump Pac
Assembly with 09C (220/240 VAC), 011C Recorder Output 10 mV, 05 A Zero/Span
Valves, 08D Rack Mount Panel Assembly, 012ADAS Output 1 Volt, 05B Valve/
Relay, 09APump 115 VAC 50/60 Hz, 012B DAS Output 100 mV, 06 Status, 09B
Pump 100 VAC 50/60 Hz 012C DAS Output 10 mV, 07A Input Power Transformer
100 VAC, 50/60 Hz 09C Pump 220/240 VAC 50 Hz, 013 A Ozone Diy Air, 07B
Input Power Transformer 220/240 VAC 50 Hz, 013B Ozone Dry Air - No Drierite.
(Federal Register: Vol. 45, page 9100, 02/11/1980 and Vol. 46, page 29986,
06/04/1981)
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model 8841 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0991 -083)*
"Monitor Labs or Lear Siegler Model 8841 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated on
the 0-0.05 ppm, 1 0-0.1 ppm, 1 0-0.2 ppm, 1 0 - 0.5 ppm, or 0-1.0 ppm range, with
manufacturer-supplied vacuum pump or alternative user-supplied vacuum pump
capable of providing 200 torr or better absolute vacuum while operating with the
analyzer. (Federal Register: Vol. 56, page 47473, 09/19/1991)
Philips Model PW9762/02 NO/NOz/NOx Analyzer (RFNA-0879-040)*
"Philips Model PW9762/02 NO/N02/NOx Analyzer," consisting of the following
components: PW9762/02 Basic Analyzer; PW9729/00 Converter Cartridge;
PW9731/00 Sampler or PW9731/20 Dust Filter; operated on a range of 0-0.5
ppm, with or without any of the following accessories: PW9752/00 Air Sampler
Manifold; PW9732/00 Sample Line Heater; PW9011/00 Remote Control Set.
(Federal Register: Vol. 44, page 51683, 09/04/1979)
®l
N Ox
2000 G
© © O €>
O O © O
o o o o
"Seres Model NOx 2000 G Nitrogen Dioxide Ambient Air Analyzer," operated with
a full-scale measurement range of 1 - 0.50 ppm, at any ambient temperature in the
range of 20°C-30°C. (Federal Register: Vol. 71, page 42089, 07/25/2006)
Figure 107 Seres Model N0x
2000 G Nitrogen Dioxide Analyzer
(RFNA-0706-163)
*Photo Not Available
69
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Figure 108 SIR S.A. Model
S-5012 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0804-152)
Figure 109 Teledyne Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation Models 200A, 200AU,
200E, 200EU, T200, T200U, T204;
Teledyne Analytical Instruments Model
911 OA; or Teledyne Monitor Labs
sensor-e™ Model TML-41 N02Analyzers;
or recordum aiipointer® System, Module
801-002000 (RFNA-1194-099)
"SIR S.A. Model S-5012 Chemiluminescent Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated
with a full scale range of 0 - 500 ppb, at any temperature in the range of 20°C to
30°C, with the integration time set to 1 minute, with the "initial zero" disabled, and
with a specified Teflon particulate filter installed in the sample inlet filter holder.
(Federal Register: Vol. 69, page 47924, 08/06/2004)
"Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models 200A, 200AU, 9110A,
200E, 200EU, T200, T200U. T204; Teledyne Analytical Instruments Model 9110A;
or Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. sensor-e™ Model TML-41 Chemiluminescence
Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer," operated on any full scale range between 0-0.05 ppm
and 0-1.0 ppm. with a PTFE filter element or a Kynar® DFU installed in the
internal filter assembly, with the following software settings: dynamic zero: OFF
or ON; NO, List of Designated Reference and Equivalent Methods, June 18, 2015
Page 42 dynamic span: OFF; cal-on-N02: OFF; dilution factor: OFF or set to 1.0;
autocal: ON or OFF; independent range: ON or OFF; autorange: ON or OFF;
temperature/pressure compensation: ON; and with or without any of the following
options (if available): rack mounts with or without slides, rack mount for external
pump, zero/span valves, 4-20 inA analog outputs, status outputs, RS-232 output.
Models 200A, 200E, and T200 and TML-41 only: operated at any temperature
in the range of 5°C to 40°C, with either a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump
capable of providing an absolute pressure of 10 inches mercury or less at 2 sLpm,
with or without optional internal zero/span (IZS) and permeation tubes for IZS,
gold-plated reaction chamber, or Nafion-type sample gas conditioner, Ethernet
output, control input, analog input option RS-485 output. Model 200AU, 200EU,
and T200U only: operated at any temperature in the range of 20°C to 30°C, with
either a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump capable of providing an absolute
pressure of 4 inches mercuiy or less at 1 sLpm. Model T204 NOx + O, Analyzer
only: operated on any full scale range between 0-100 ppb and 0-500 ppb, at any
operating temperature from 5°C to 40°C, with either a user-or vendor-supplied
vacuum pump capable of providing an absolute pressure of 10 inches mercury or
less at 3 sLpm, in accordance with the associated instrument manual, and with or
without any of the following options: Zero/Span valves, external communication
and data monitoring interfaces. Airpointer® system module 801-002000 only:
operated on any full scale range between 0-0.05 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm, with a PTFE
filter element installed in the internal filter assembly, with the software setting:
FRM/FEM conform mode: at any temperature in the range of 10°C to 45°C, with
either a user- or vendor-supplied vacuum pump capable of providing an absolute
pressure of 16 inches mercury or less at 2.5 sLpm; installed in the compact,
thermally controlled (-40°C to + 45°C) and weatherproof airpointerbase unit
with integrated data acquisition and management system mounted on a frame,
pole, or wall; with or without wireless telemetry; with or without internal span
option as module supplement consisting of permeation oven and permeation tube;
with or without modules for other criteria pollutants; with or without analyzer for
particulate matter; with or without additional 3rd party sensors for e.g. meteorology,
noise, or traffic counting. Operated with the appropriate instrument manual. Note
2 applies to the following Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Models
200E, 200EU, T200, T200U, T204 and Teledyne Monitor Labs, Inc. Sensor-e™
Model TML-41. (Federal Register: Vol 59, page 61892, 12/02/1994 Latest
modifications: 03/2009; 08/2010; 10/2012; 5/2013; 06/2014; 07/2014)
(Specifications are for Teledyne T200)
Measurement Range: 0-20,000 ppb
Zero Noise: <0.2 ppb
Span Drift: <0.5% of full scale (24 hours)
Response Time: <60 seconds
Linearity: 1% of full scale
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 500 cc/min
-------
*
Figure 110 Teledyne Monitor Labs/
Casella/Ecotech Models ML9841/CM2041,
ML9841A/CM2041A/EC9841A/EC9841T,
Teledyne Monitor Labs/Casella/Ecotech
Model ML9841B/CM2041B/EC9841B, or
Wedding & Associates Model 1030 N02
Analyzers (RFNA-1292-090)
"Teledyne Monitor Labs, Casella Monitor, or Ecotech Models ML9841/CM2041,
ML9841A/CM2041A/EC9841A, orML9841B/CM2041B/EC9841B, Ecotech
Model 984IT, or Wedding & Associates, Inc. Model 1030 Nitrogen Oxides
Analyzers," with either a molybdenum or a vitreous carbon NO, to NO catalyst,
operated on any full scale range between 0- 0.05 ppm and 0-1.0 ppm, at any
temperature in the range of 15°C to 35°C, with the service switch on the secondary
panel set to the In position; with the following menu choices selected: Range:
0.05 ppm to 1.0 ppm; Over-ranging: Enabled or Disabled; Calibration: Manual or
Timed; Diagnostic Mode: Operate; Filter Type: Kalman; Pres/Temp/Flow Comp:
On; Span Comp: Disabled; and as follows: Models ML9841/CM2041, ML9841A/
CM2041A/EC9841A, and EC9841T - with a five-micron Teflon® filter element
installed internally, with the 50-pin I/O board installed on the rear panel configured
at any of the following output range setting: Voltage, 0.1V, IV, 5 V, 10V; Current,
0-20 inA, 2-20 inA, 4-20 inA; and with or without any of the following options:
Valve Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS); Internal Zero/Span (IZS) Assembly
for; Rack Mount Assembly; Internal Floppy Disk Drive. Models ML9841B/
CM2041B/EC9841B and 1030 - with a vendor-supplied or equivalent user-
supplied five-micron Teflon® filter and exhaust pump, and with or without any
of the following options: Valve Assembly for External Zero/Span (EZS); 50-pin
I/O board; Internal Zero/Span (IZS) Assembly; Rack Mount Assembly; Charcoal
exhaust scrubber; hinged, fold-down front panel. Operated with appropriate
instrument manual. (Federal Register: Vol. 57, page 60198, 12/18/1992 Latest
Modification: 03/2011, 03/2013
(Specifications are for Ecotech EC9841T)
Lower Detectable Limit: 50 ppt
Precision: 100 ppt
Zero Drift: <100 ppt (24 hours)
Span Drift: <1% of reading (24 hours, 1 month)
Flow Rate: 0.64 LPM
Temperature Range: 20°C-30°C
Thermo Electron/Thermo Environmental Instruments Model 14 B/E
(RFNA-0179-035)*
"Thermo Electron or Thermo Enviromnental Instruments, Inc. Model 14 B/E
Chemiluminescent NO/N02/NOx Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.5 ppm range, with
or without any of the following options: 14-001 Teflon Particulate Filter, 14-003
Long-Time Signal Integrator, 14-005 Sample Flowmeter, 14-002 Voltage Divider
Card, 14-004 Indicating Temperature Controller, 14-006 Air Filter. (Federal
Register: Vol. 44, page 7805, 02/07/1979 and Vol.44, page 54545, 09/20/1979)
Thermo Electron/Thermo Environmental Instruments Model 14 D/E
(RFNA-0279-037)*
"Thermo Electron or Thermo Enviromnental Instruments, Inc. Model 14 D/E
Chemiluminescent NO/N02/NOx Analyzer," operated on the 0-0.5 ppm range, with
or without any of the following options: 14-001 Teflon Particulate Filter; 14-002
Voltage Divider Card. (Federal Register: Vol. 44, page 10429, 02/20/1979)
*Photo Not Available
71
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Figure 111 Thermo Environmental
Instruments Models 42, 42C, 42i NO/NO,/
NOs Analyzer (RFNA-1289-074)
"Thermo Environmental Instruments Inc. Model 42, Model 42C, or Model 42i
Chemiluminescence NO-NO„-NO Analyzer," operated on any measurement
range between 0-50 ppb and 0-1000 ppb, with any time average setting from 10 to
300 seconds, with temperature and/or pressure compensation on or off. operated
at temperatures between 15°C and 35°C, and with or without an exhaust ozone
scrubber or any of the following options: 2 Rack mounts; Internal Zero/span and
sample valves with remote activation; Ozone particulate filter; Teflon particulate
filter; Ozone permeation dryer; Permeation Oven; RS-232/485 interface, 4-20
mA current output, or I/O expansion board; Model 42 only: Pressure transducer.
Sample/ozone flow meters. Model 42iTL operated between 10 and 1000 ppb with
averaging times from 10 to 300 seconds, operated at temperatures between 15°C
and 35 C at line voltages of: a) 90-110 VAC g 50/60/11z b) 105-125 VAC a
50/60/Hz c) 210-250 VAC 1u, 50/60/Hz and with or without the following options:
rack mounts. Teflon® Particle Filter, I/O Expansion Board. (Federal Register:
Vol. 54, page 50820, 12/11/1989 Latest modification: 01/2010)
(Specifications are for Thermo Enviromnental Instruments Model 42i)
Flow Rate: 0.6 LPM
Precision: ±0.4 ppb
Response Time: 40 seconds
Span Drift: ±1% of full scale
Temperature Range: 15°C-35°C
Zero Drift: <0.40 ppb (24 hours)
Zero Noise: 0.2 ppb
72
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Federal Equivalence Method (FEM):
Sodium Arsenite (SA) Method for N02
Theory of Operation:
"Ambient air is bubbled with an orifice bubbler through a
solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The NO, is reduced
to nitrite. The nitrite is reacted with sulfanilamide and N-l-
napthylethylenediamine (NEDA) in acid media to form an
azo dye. The dye can be analyzed with a spectrophotometer
at 540 nm "
Interferences:
Nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide are potential interferences
at high concentrations. However, since these concentrations
typically exceed those of ambient air, interferences are
negligible.
Advantages:
As stated prior, the sodium arsenite method presents
few potential interferences in ambient air. Additionally,
the system is not sensitive to temperature, flow rate, or
concentration of sodium arsenite.
Method Status:
Currently, no devices use the Sodium Arsenite Method for
measurement of oxides of nitrogen.
Federal Equivalence Method (FEM):
TGS-ANSA
Theory of Operation:
The TGS-ANSA method for determining NOx concentrations
involves "bubbling ambient air through a solution containing
triethanolamine, o-methoxyphenol, and sodium metabisulfite.
This converts NO, gas to the nitrite ion (NO,), which is then
assayed by diazotization and coupling using sulfanilamide
and the ammonium salt of 8-anilino-l-naphthalen-sulfonic
acid (ANSA). The absorbance of the pink-purple dye is
read at 550 nm and the valves converted to nitrite ion
concentration by use of a calibration curve."
Interferences:
The TGS-ANSA method is free of all the expected
interferences (NO, SO,, O,. NH,. CO, CH,0, and phenol).
Advantages:
The TGS-ANSA method has been determined to be
insensitive to variations in sampling time, flow rate,
interference concentrations, and orifice size. There is also
little room for error dependent on sample storage conditions
or time between collection and analysis.
Method Status:
There are currently no devices that use the TGS-ANSA
method for the determination of oxides of nitrogen
concentrations.
Federal Equivalence Method (FEM):
Differential Optical Absorption
Spectrometry (DOAS)
Theory of Operation:
Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS)
depends on the absorption of visible light or UVby a
substance of interest. In a DOAS system, a sample has
several wavelengths of light beamed through it, and then the
amount of each wavelength absorbed is detected. The amount
absorbed is directly proportional to the concentration of
ozone in the sample.
Interferences:
Compounds that interrupt the path of the laser will cause
error, however these cases are relatively limited.
Advantages:
DOAS devices are most useful in that they can be used to
measure air samples at multiple levels. Therefore, they are
often preferred in urban enviromnents, where concerns of
smog are the greatest.
Method Status:
DOAS devices are only used in very particular circumstances
with certain conditions, so they are not widely used.
However, in outdoor enviromnents with few interferences it
is a reliable method of measurement.
a •
Figure 112 Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath
Monitoring System (EQNA-0400-139)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of oxides of nitrogen using DOAS:
"Environnement S.A. Model SANOA Multigas Longpath Air
Quality Monitoring System," consisting of a receiver, one
or more projectors, interface unit, a user-provided control
unit computer running the SANOA VisionAIR software, and
associated incidental equipment; configured for measuring
NO,, with the temperature control and internal calibration cell
options installed, operated with a measurement range of 0 to
0.5 ppm, over an installed monitoring path length of between
27 and 500 meters, within an ambient air temperature range
of -30°C to +45°C, with a measurement (integrating) time of
180 seconds, and with or without external temperature and
barometric pressure sensors or any of the following options:
external (meteo) input connection, series 1M bus connection
OGR type projector, analog outputs. (Federal Register: Vol.
65, page 26603, 05/08/2000)
Path Length: 100-500 m
Lower Detectable Limit: 1 ppb
Linearity: <1% of full scale
Response Time: 3 minutes
-------
Figure 113 Opsis Model AR 500 and
System 300 Open Path Ambient Air
Monitoring Systems for N02 (EQNA-0495-
102)
"Opsis Model AR 500 System" or "System 300 Open Path (long path) Ambient
Air Monitoring Systems," configured for measuring N02, with one detector and
movable grating, operated with a measurement range of 0 to 0.5 ppm, an installed
monitoring path length between 50 and 500 meters (or 50 and 1000 meters with the
ER 150 option, AR 500 System only), xenon lamp type B (150 watt), fiber optic
cable length between 3 and 20 meters; operating within an ambient air temperature
range of -50 to +50°C, an analyzer temperature range of 20 to 30°C, a measurement
(integrating) time setting between 30 and 120 seconds (0 min:30 sec. to 2 min:00
sec.), and with a complete cycle time of not more than 200 seconds (3 min, 20 sec.).
Under this method designation, the Model AR 500 System or System 300 consists
of: AR 500 opto-analyser; emitter EM 110 and receiver RE 110 (together identified
as ER 110); optic fibre cable OF60-S; power supply PS 150; Opsis operational
software, version 7.0 or 7.1; and initial on-site installation, setup, and limited
operator training.2 Optional components that can be used with the Model AR 500
only, in addition to or as alternative to corresponding components listed above: •
AR 503 opto-analyzer configured as Model AR 500 (only the center detector active,
sequential monitoring) • Emitter/receiver ER 150 (for monitoring path lengths up to
1 kilometer) • Transceiver ER 130 and Retrorefiector RE 090 with 7 prisms (max.
monitoring path length 150 meters) or 12 prisms (max. monitoring path length
250 meters) • Receiver RE 130 • Xenon lamp type A (higher short-wavelength UV
output) • Optic fibre cable OF60-R (low-loss for short wavelengths) • Multiplexers
MX 004 and MX 024 • Dataloggers DL 010 and DL 016 • Analogue and digital
input/output cards AO 008, AI 016, and DI032 • Analogue and digital isolation
cards IA 008, ID 008, OA 008, and OD 008 • Window heaters HF 110 and HF 150
• Mirror heaters HM 110 and HM 150 • Auto calibration unit CU 007 • Software
packages IO 80 (for the analogue and digital input/output adapters), DL10 and
DL16 (for data loggers), ComVision, and STAT 500. Recommended calibration
and accuracy audit components (or equivalent) for either Model AR 500 or System
300: • Wavelength calibration lamp CA 004 • Calibration bench CB 100 • Receiver
unit RE 060 (two required) • Calibration unit CA 150, with same type lamp as used
in the monitoring path emitter • Power supply PS 150 for calibration unit CA 150 •
Calibration cells CC 001-X, where X represents various cell lengths from 1 to 900
mm • Filter GG 400 • Special calibration cells CC 110 or CC 150 (for mounting
directly on receiver) • Light meter LM 010 (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page 21518,
05/02/1995) (Specifications are for Opsis System 300)
Measurement Range: 0-1000 ng/m3
Lower Detectable Limit: 1 ng/m3
Zero Drift: ±2 |ig/m3
Span Drift: ±2% (1 month), ±4% (1 year)
Linearity: ±1%
Max Length: 20 m
74
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Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
LJ.V. Photolytic Conversion
Theory of Operation:
"In the photolytic process the sample gas passes through
a cell where it is exposed to light at a specific wavelength
from an LED array. This causes the NO, to be selectively
converted to NO with negligible interference from
other gases,"
Interferences:
Because this method depends on the decomposition of NO, to
NO, very few interferences will affect measurement.
Advantages:
This method has negligible interferences from outside
sources. Additionally, it provides very sensitive, real-time
measurements of NO concentrations.
x
Method Status:
Currently, only one device uses U.V. Photolytic Conversion
for measurement of oxides of nitrogen.
Figure 114 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model
200EUPor T200UP Chemiluminescence Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(EQNA-0512-200)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM
devices for the measurement of NOx using U.V Photolytic
Conversion:
"Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model
200EUP or T200UP Chemiluminescence Nitrogen Oxides
Analyzer," operated on any full scale range between
0-50 ppb and 0-1000 ppb, with any range mode (Single,
Independent, or AutoRange), at any ambient temperature
in the range of 20°C to 30°C, with software Temperature
and Pressure compensation ON, in accordance with the
associated instrument manual; and with or without any of
the following options: Zero/Span Valves, standard serial
port (RS232/RS485) or Multi-drop RS-232, Ethernet port,
USB COM port, analog inputs, digital status outputs,
analog outputs: 100 mV, IV, 5V, 10V, 4-20 mA current loop
outputs. Note 2 applies to the following Teledyne Advanced
Pollution Instrumentation Models 200EUP and T200UP.
(Federal Register: Vol 77, page 32632, 06/01/2012 Latest
Modification: 10/2012; 07/2014)
(Specifications are for Teledyne API Model T200UP)
Measurement Range: 0-2,000 ppb
Zero Noise: <25 ppt
Span Noise: <0.5% of reading
Zero Drift: <0.1 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: <0.5% of reading
Response Time: <50 seconds
Linearity: 1% of full scale
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 1100 cc/min
-------
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift
Spectroscopy (CAPS)
Theory of Operation:
The CAPS spectroscopy depends on the phase shift that
occurs when light in a mirror-lined cavity undergoes as
it passes through the sample gas. The change in phase is
directly proportional to the concentration of NO, in the
sample.
Interferences:
There are very few potential interferences for this method, as
it relies solely on the optical absorption of NC)..
Advantages:
This method eliminates the need for conversion or reagents,
making it cost-effective and easy to use.
Method Status:
Currently, only one device utilizes CAPS for measurement of
NO concentrations.
x
Figure 115 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Model
T500U CAPS Nitrogen Dioxide Analyzer (EQNA-0514-212)
The following list is the entirety of approved FEM devices
for the measurement of NOx using CAPS:
"Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation. Model
T500U cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy Nitrogen
Dioxide Analyzer", operated on any full scale range between
0-50 ppb and 0-1000 ppb, with any range mode (Single,
Dual, or AutoRange). at any operating temperature from 5°C
to 40°C, with a sample particulate filter, with the following
software setting: Temperature and Pressure compensation
ON; in accordance with the associated instrument manual,
and with or without any of the following options: Zero/Span
valves, internal Zero/Span permeation oven (IZS), external
communication and data monitoring interfaces. Note 2
applies to the Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation,
Model T500U. (Federal Register: Vol.79, pages 34734-
34735, 06/18/2014)
Measurement Ranges: 0-1 ppm
Zero Noise: <20 ppt
Span Noise: <0.2% of reading
Zero Drift: <0.1 ppb (24 hours)
Span Drift: <0.5% of reading (24 hours)
Lower Detectable Limit: <30 seconds
Linearity: <1% of full scale
Precision: 0.5% of reading
Flow Rate: 900 cc/min
-------
8.0
Federal Reference Methods (FRM) and Federal
Equivalent Methods (FEMs):Lead (Pb)
Lead (Pb):
Criteria Pollutant: Lead (Pb)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Reference Method for the Determination
of Lead (Pb) in Total Suspended
Particulate (TSP) Matter {Collected
from Ambient Air Using a High-
Volume Sampler} (CFR 40, Part 50,
Appendix G)
Theory of Operation:
ICP-MS monitors rely on the method of measurement
described in Appendix G of 40 CFR, Part 50: "Ambient air
suspended particulate matter is collected on a glass-fiber filter
for 24 hours using a high volume air sampler. The analysis of
the 24-hour samples may be performed for either individual
samples or composites of the samples collected over a
calendar month or quarter.... Lead in the particulate matter is
solubilized by extraction with nitric acid (HNO,) facilitated
by heat or by a mixture of HNO, and hydrochloric acid (HC1)
facilitated by ultrasonication. The lead content of the sample
is analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry using an air-
acetylene flame, the 283.3 or 217.0 mn lead absorption line,
and the optimum instrumental conditions recommended by
the manufacturer."
Interferences:
There are very few potential chemical interferences with this
method, however light scattering can lead to measurement
errors at the 217.0 nm line. However, this can be corrected by
using a dual beam device.
Advantages:
This method has essentially no chemical interferences,
making it a reliably accurate measurement method.
Method Status:
There is currently one approved FRM device for the
measurement of lead, the Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass
Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) system:"
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS)
(40 CFR Part 50, Appendix G: RFLA-0813-813)
Reference Method for the Determination of Lead in
Suspended Particulate Matter Collected from Ambient Air.
Federal Register: Vol. 78, page 40000, 7/03/2013
Federal Equivalent Method (FEM):
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Theory of Operation:
With X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. X-ray radiation is
passed through a sample. This excites atoms in the specimen,
causing the particle to emit a fluorescence that is unique to
the chemical composition of the specimen. This fluorescence
can be measured for intensity, and that intensity is directly
proportional to the concentration.
Interferences:
Since the resulting fluorescence is unique to lead,
interferences can be assumed to be negligible.
Advantages:
The method can be used to measure a large range of
compounds, if needed. Additionally, the method is safe,
being free of the use of any chemicals, and provides fast
measurement.
Method Status:
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of lead using Inductively Coupled
Plasma Mass Spectrometry:"
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
(TNRCC) (EQL-0783-058)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient
Particulate Matter by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry (Texas Natural Resource Conservation
Commission)," Texas Natural Resource Conservation
Commission, P.O. Box 13087, Austin, TX 78711-3087.
(Federal Register: Vol. 48, page 29742, 06/28/1983)
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
(NEA, Inc.) (EQL-0589-072)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient
Particulate Matter by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry (NEA, Inc.)," Nuclear Enviromnental Analysis,
Inc., Suite 260, 10950 SW 5th Street, Beaverton, OR 97005.
(Federal Register: Vol. 54, page 20193, 05/10/1989)
*Photo Not Available
-------
Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry (CA) (EQL-0581-052)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry," California Department of Health Services,
Air & Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, 2151 Berkeley Way,
Berkeley, CA 94704. (Federal Register: Vol. 46, page 29986,
06/04/1981)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Flame/Flameless Atomic Absorption
Spectroscopy
Theory of Operation:
In both flame and flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy,
a liquid sample solution is introduced to a flame or furnace,
causing molecules to become gaseous atoms. Then, this
gaseous sample is analyzed with a source of light, and the
concentration can be determined using Beer's Law.
Interferences:
Any particle that is excited by the same wavelength can
interfere, however these cases are very limited and unlikely
to cause error.
Advantages:
Both of these methods are reliable, tested methods for
measurement of Lead. They are also largely free of errors and
interferences. Additionally, this method is typically the least
expensive of any of its counterparts.
Method Status:
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of lead using Flame/Flameless Atomic
Absorption Spectroscopy:"
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS)
(EQLA-0813-803)*
Equivalent Method for the Determination of Lead in
Suspended Particulate Matter Collected from Ambient Air.
(Federal Register: Vol. 78, page 40000, 7/03/2013)
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
(EQL-0380-043)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Following
Ultrasonic Extraction with Heated HNO,-HCl" (Federal
Register: Vol. 45, page 14648, 03/06/1980)
Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (EPA/RTP,
N.C.) (EQL-0380-044)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
(EPA/RTP, NC)" (Federal Register: Vol. 45, page 14648,
03/06/1980)
Flameless (Graphite Furnace) Atomic Absorption
(Houston, Texas) (EQL-0895-107)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Flameless (Graphite Furnace) Atomic Absorption
(City of Houston, Texas)," Health and Human Services
Department, Enviromnental Chemistry Service, 1115 S.
Braeswood, Houston, TX 77030. (Federal Register: Vol. 60,
page 39383, 08/02/1995)
Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Omaha)
(EQL-0785-059)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
(Omaha-Douglas County Health Department)," Omaha-
Douglas County Health Department, 1819 Farnam Street,
Omaha, NE 68183. (Federal Register: Vol. 50, page 37909,
09/18/1985)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry
Theory of Operation:
In an ICP-OES system, an electrode and a sample generate
an electric spark, causing vaporized atoms to be brought to
a high-energy plasma state. These atoms create an emission
spectrum that is unique to the compound. The intensity of the
spectrum created is directly proportional to the concentration
of the compound.
Interferences:
Due to the high temperature this method operates at,
interferences are negligible.
Advantages:
ICP-OES devices typically have the least interferences of
any other method for measurement of lead. Additionally, this
method can typically measure multiple compounds at once, if
needed.
Method Status:
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of Lead using Inductively-Coupled
Plasma Optical Emission:"
78
*Photo Not Available
*Photo Not Available
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Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Doe Run) (EQL-0196-113)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (Doe Run Co.)." Doe Run Company,
Smelting Division 881 Main Street Herculaneum, MO
63048. (Federal Register: Vol. 61, page 11404, 03/20/1996)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (EPA/RTP) (EQL-0380-045)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (EPA/RTP, NC)" (Federal Register:
Vol. 45, page 14648, 03/06/1980)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (IL) (EQL-1193-094)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (State of Illinois)," State of Illinois,
Enviromnental Protection Agency, Champaign Inorganic
Laboratory, 2120 South First Street, Champaign, IL 61820
(Federal Register: Vol. 58, page 61902, 11/23/1993)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Kansas) (EQL-0592-085)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (State of Kansas)," State of Kansas,
Department of Health and Enviromnent, Forbes Field,
Building 740, Topeka, KS 66620-0001. (Federal Register:
Vol. 57, page 20823, 05/15/1992)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Montana) (EQL-0483-057)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (State of Montana)," State of
Montana, Department of Health and Enviromnental Sciences,
Cogswell Building, Helena, MT 59620. (Federal Register:
Vol. 48, page 14748, 04/05/1983)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (NETI) (EQL-1188-069)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (Northern Engineering and Testing,
Inc.)," Northern Engineering and Testing, Inc., P.O. Box
30615, Billings, MT 59107. (Federal Register: Vol. 53, page
44947, 11/07/1988)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (NH) (EQL-1290-080)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (State of New Hampshire)," State
of New Hampshire, Department of Enviromnental Services,
Laboratory Service Unit, 6 Hazen Drive (P.O. Box 95)
Concord, NH 03302-0095. (Federal Register: Vol. 55, page
49119, 11/26/1990)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (PA) (EQL-0592-086)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania),"
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Enviromnental Resources, P.O. Box 2357, Harrisburg,
PA 17105-2357. (Federal Register: Vol. 57, page 20823,
05/15/1992)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Pima, AZ) (EQL-0995-109)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (Pima County, Arizona)," Pima
County, Wastewater Management Department, 201 North
Stone Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85701-1207. (Federal
Register: Vol. 60, page 54684, 10/25/1995)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Rl) (EQL-0888-068)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient
Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-
Optical Emission Spectrometry (State of Rhode Island),"
State of Rhode Island Department of Health, Air Pollution
Laboratory, 50 Onns Street, Providence, RI02904 (Federal
Register: Vol. 53, page 30866, 08/16/1988)
*Photo Not Available
*Photo Not Available
-------
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (Silver Valley) (EQL-1288-070)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrometry (Silver Valley Laboratories)," Silver
Valley Laboratories, Inc., P.O. Box 929, Kellogg, ID 83837.
(Federal Register: Vol. 53, page 48974, 12/05/1988)
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry (WV) (EQL-0694-096)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient
Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-
Optical Emission Spectrometry (State of West Virginia),"
State of West Virginia, Department of Commerce, Labor
and Enviromnental Resources, Division of Enviromnental
Protection, 1558 Washington Street East, Charleston, WV
25311-2599 (Federal Register: Vol. 59, page 29429,
06/07/1994)
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission
Spectroscopy (US EPA/OAQPS) (EQL-0311-196)*
"Heated Ultrasonic Nitric and Hydrochloric Acid Digestion
and ICP/AES Analysis for Lead (Pb) on TSP High-
Volume Filters." A sample of total suspended particulate
matter (TSP) is collected on a glass fiber filter, using the
sampler and procedure of the EPA Reference Method for
the Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the
Atmosphere (High-Volume Method) (40 CFR 50, Appendix
B). The TSP sample is extracted with a solution of nitric
and hydrochloric acid, heated in an ultrasonic bath to 80°C
for one hour, and brought to a final volume of 40 mL. The
lead content of the sample extract is analyzed by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES),
based on EPA SW-846 Method 6010C. (Federal Register:
Vol. 76, page 15974, 03/22/2011)
Federal Reference Method (FRM):
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Theory of Operation:
Similar to ICP-OES systems, ICP-MS systems rely on the
conversion of a liquid sample to an aerosol, which is then
injected through a high-energy plasma to separate individual
atoms. These atoms are then passed through a mass
spectrometer, where concentration can be determined.
Interferences:
Any ion having similar mass to the substance of interest will
interfere. However, these cases are very limited for lead, so
interferences can be assumed to be negligible.
Advantages:
ICP devices provide the greatest available accuracy for
measurement of lead. ICP devices are free from most
interferences and they are a reliable method of measurement.
Method Status:
The following list is the entirety of approved FRM devices
for the measurement of Lead using Inductively-Coupled
Plasma Optical Emission:
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
(Pima Co., AZ) (EQL-0995-110)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in Ambient Particulate
Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
(Pima County, Arizona)," Pima County, Wastewater
Management Department, 201 North Stone Avenue, Tucson,
Arizona 85701-1207. (Federal Register: Vol. 60, page
54684, 10/25/1995)
Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry
(Inter-Mountain Labs, Inc.) (EQL-0310-189)*
"Procedure for Determination of Lead in Ambient TSP by
Hot Plate Acid Extraction and ICP-MS Analysis," where total
suspended particulate matter (TSP) is collected according
to 40 CFR Appendix B to part 50, EPA Reference Method
for the Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the
Atmosphere (High-Volume Method), extracted on a hot plate
with 3M HNO, according to 40 CFR Appendix G to part
50, EPA Reference Method for the Determination of Lead
in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected from Ambient
Air, and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on EPA SW-846 Method
6020A. (Federal Register: Vol. 75, page 9894, 03/04/2010)
Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry
(US EPA/OAQPS) (EQL-0510-191)*
"Determination of Lead Concentration in TSP by Inductively
Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with Heated
Ultrasonic Nitric and Hydrochloric Acid Filter Extraction,"
where total suspended particulate matter (TSP) is collected
according to 40 CFR Appendix B to part 50, EPA Reference
Method for the Determination of Suspended Particulate
Matter in the Atmosphere (High-Volume Method), extracted
with a solution of nitric and hydrochloric acids, heated to 80°
C and sonicated for one hour, brought to a final volume of
40mL, and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on EPA SW-846 Method
6020A. (Federal Register: Vol.75, page 30022, 05/28/2010)
80
*Photo Not Available
*Photo Not Available
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Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry
(US EPA/Region 9) (EQL-0710-192)*
"Heated Nitric Acid Hot Block Digestion and ICP/MS
Analysis for Lead (Pb) on TSP High-Volume Filters." In
this method, total suspended particulate matter (TSP) is
collected on glass fiber filters according to 40 CFR Appendix
B to part 50, EPA Reference Method for the Determination
of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere (High-
Volume Method), extracted with a solution of nitric acid,
heated on a hot block to 95°C for one hour, and brought
to a final volume of 50 ml. The lead content of the sample
extract is analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on EPA Method 200.8 and
SW-846 Method 6020A. (Federal Register: Vol.75, page
45627, 08/03/2010)
Inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry
(Eastern Research Group, Inc.) (EQL-0512-201)*
"Determination of Lead in TSP by Inductively Coupled
Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with Hot Block Dilute
Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide Filter Extraction." In this
method, total suspended particulate matter (TSP) is collected
on glass fiber filters according to 40 CFR Appendix G to Part
50, "EPA Reference Method for the Determination of Lead
in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected From Ambient
Air". The filter samples are extracted in a hot block at 95°C
with a solution of dilute hydrochloric acid and nitric acid and
two aliquots of hydrogen peroxide, for a total of two and a
half hours extraction time. The samples are brought to a final
volume of 50 mL and the lead content of the sample extract is
analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
(ICP-MS) based on EPA Compendium Method 10-3.5 and
SW-846 Method 6020A. (Federal Register: Vol. 77, page
32632, 06/01/2012)
Inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry
(Eastern Research Group, Inc.) (EQL-0512-202)*
"Determination of Lead in PM10 by Inductively Coupled
Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with Hot Block Dilute
Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide Filter Extraction." In this
method, PM10 particulate matter is collected on Teflon®
membrane filters according to 40 CFR Appendix Q to part
50, EPA Reference Method for the Determination of Lead
in Particulate Matter as PM10 Collected From Ambient Air.
The filter samples are extracted in a hot block at 95°C with
a solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and hydrofluoric
acid and an aliquot of hydrogen peroxide for a total of
two and a half hours extraction time. Samples are brought
to a final volume of 50 mL and analyzed by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on EPA
Compendium Method 10-3.5 and SW-846 Method 6020A.
Federal Register: Vol. 77, page 32632, 06/01/2012
Inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry (South
Coast Air Quality Management District Laboratory)
(EQL-0514-213)*
"Determination of Lead (PB) on TSP Hi-Volume Filters
by Microwave Assisted Digestion and Time of Flight
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (TOF
ICP-MS)." A sample of total suspended particulate matter
(TSP) is collected on a glass fiber filter, using the sampler
and procedure of the EPA Reference Method for the
Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the
Atmosphere (High-Volume Method) (40 CFR 50, Appendix
B). The TSP sample is extracted with a solution of nitric and
digested in a microwave digestion system at 175° C for 15
minutes, centrifuged for 30 minutes at 2000 rpm, and brought
to a final acid concentration of 2-3%. The lead content of
the sample extract is analyzed by Time of Flight Inductively
Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (TOF ICP-MS), based
on EPA SW-846 Method 6010C. (Federal Register: Vol.79,
pages 34734-34735 06/18/2014)
*Photo Not Available
*Photo Not Available
81
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9.0 References:
EPA Reference and Equivalent Methods
1. Code of Federal Regulations, Vol. 40, Part 50
(Explanations for all reference methods)
PM10
2. RAAS FRM PM, /PM10 Sampler Series Product
Specifications (http ://o .b5z. net/i/u/10004484/i/brochures/
Particulate Monitoring/Thermo High Volume Sampler
Brochure.pdf)
3. BGI Incorporated PQ100 Brochure (http://bgi.
mesalabs. com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3 5/2014/10/
P0100.04MAY2015.pdf)
4. Ecotech HiVol 3000 High Volume Air Sampler Brochure
(http://ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/
HiVol-3000.pdf)
5. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/pa rtisol-2000i-ai r-sampler. html)
6. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i Sequential Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/pa rtisol-2025 i-sequential-ai r-sampler. html)
7. Tisch Enviromnental TE-WilburlO Particulate
Sampler Manual (http://tisch-env.com/wp-content/
uploads/2015/06/TE-Wilbur-Product-Manual-Complete-
REV2.15.pdf)
8. Explanation of Beta Attenuation Principle
(http ://www. metone .com/docs/baml 020
whitepaper 2008a485awma.pdf) (https://www.horizons.
govt.nz/assets/publications/managing-our-enviromnent/
air-qualitv/Beta-Attenuation-Monitor.pdf)
9. DKK-TOA FPM 222/223 PM10 Monitor Specification
Sheet (http://static 1.1 .sqspcdn.com/static
/f/1216070/16103926/1326907149060/fjpm.pdf?token=A
gaF.52abzmmTDoHcHlWPO%2BeEhfO%3D)
10. Environnement S.A. MP101M Real Time Particulate
Monitor Specifications (http://www.environnement-
sa.com/products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/
mp 101 m-with-epm-option/)
11. Met One BAM-1020 Continuous Particulate Monitor
Datasheet (http://www.metone.com/docs/bam 1020
datashcet.pdf)
12. OPSIS Model SM200 PM10 Monitor Product Datasheet
(http://www.et.co.uk/docs/A17%20SM200%20
Product%2()Datashcct.pdf)
13. Teledyne API Model 602 BetaPLUS Datasheet (http://
www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/602 Literature RevE5.pdf)
14. Thenno Scientific Model 5014i Beta Continuous
Ambient Monitor Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/5014i-beta-continuous-
ambicnt-particulate-monitor.html)
15. TEOM Principle Explanation (https://www.qld.gov.
au/enviromnent/pollution/monitoring/air-pollution/
oscillating-microbalance/)
16. Thenno Scientific TEOM 1400 AB Continuous Ambient
Particulate Monitor Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/continuous-ambient-
particulate-teom-monitor-series-1400ab.html)
17. Thenno Scientific 1405 DF TEOM Continuous
Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/
en/product/1405-df-teom-continuous-dichotomous-
ambient-air-monitor. html)
18. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i-D Dichotomous Air
Monitor Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.
com/en/product/partisol-2000i-d-dichotomous-air-
sampler.html)
19. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i-D Dichotomous
Sequential Air Sampler Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/partisol-2025i-d-
dichotomoiis-scqucntial-air-sampler.html)
pm25
20. RAAS FRM PM25/PM10 Sampler Series Product
Specifications (http://o.b5z.net/i/u/10004484/i/
brochures/Particulate%20Monitoring/Thenno High
Volume Sampler Brochure.pdf)
21. BGI PQ200 Ambient Air Particulate Sampler Brochure
(http ://b gi. mesalabs. com/wp-content/uploads/
sites/3 5/2014/10/PQ200.20FEB2015 .pdf)
22. Tisch Enviromnental TE-Wilbur2.5 Particulate
Sampler Manual (http://tisch-env.com/wp-content/
uploads/2015/06/TE-Wilbur-Product-Manual-Complete-
REV2.15.ndf)
23. Environnement S.A. MP101M Real Time Particulate
Monitor Specifications (http://www.environnement-
sa.com/products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/
mp 101 m-with-epm-option/)
24. Met One BAM-1020 Continuous Particulate Monitor
Datasheet (http://www.metone.com/docs/bam 1020
datashcet.pdf)
25. Teledyne API Model 602 BetaPLUS Datasheet (http://
www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/602 Literature RevB.pdf)
-------
26. Thermo Scientific Model 5014i Beta Continuous
Ambient Monitor Specifications (http://www.
thermoscientific.com/en/product/5014i-beta-continuous-
ambient-particulate-monitor.html)
27. Thenno Scientific Model 5030i SHARP Monitor
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/model-5030i-sharp-monitor.html)
28. VSCC Principle Explanation (http://bgi.mesalabs.com/
wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/02/vsccref6-2.946.
m
29. BGI Incorporated Model PQ-200 VSCC Manual (http://
bgi.mesalabs.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3 5/2015/02/
vsccref6-2.946.pdf)
30. OPSIS Model SM200 PM, 5 Monitor Product Datasheet
(http://www.et. co .uk/docs/A 17%20 SM200%20
Product%20Datashcct.pdD
31. Thenno Electron Model RAAS2.5 FEM PM2/5 Air
Sampler Series Specifications (http://o.b5z.net/i/
u/10004484/i/brochures/Particulate%20Monitoring/
Thenno High Volume Sampler Brochure.pdD
32. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/pa rtisol-2000i-air-sampler. html)
33. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i Sequential Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/pa rtisol-2025 i-scquential-air-sampler. html)
34. Tisch Environmental TE-Wilbur2.5 Particulate
Sampler Manual (http://tisch-env.com/wp-content/
uploads/2015/06/TE-Wilbur-Product-Manual-Complete-
REV2.15.pdf)
35. Thenno Scientific TEOM Model 1400a Ambient
Particulate Monitor Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/continuous-ambient-
particulate-teom-monitor-series-1400ab.html)
36. Thenno Scientific 1405 DF TEOM Continuous
Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/
en/product/1405-df-teom-continuous-dichotomous-
ambient-air-monitor. html)
37. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i-D Dichotomous Air
Monitor Specifications (http ://www. thenno scientific.
com/en/product/partisol-2000i-d-dichotomous-air-
sampler.html)
38. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i-D Dichotomous
Sequential Air Sampler Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/partisol-2025i-d-
dichotomoiis-scqucntial-air-sampler.html)
39. Laser Aerosol Spectroscopy Principle Explanation
(http://www.intecconinc.com/pdf/presentation/grimm
inteccon.pdf)
40. Grimm Model EDM 180 Monitor Manual (http://www,
laftech. com, au/products/dust-monitoring/fixed-dust-
monitoring-stations/grimm-edm 180#spccifications)
41. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i PM, 510 Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/partisol-2000i-air-sampler.html)
42. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i PM, 510 Sequential Air
Sampler Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.
com/en/product/partisol-2025i-seauential-air-sampler.
html)
43. Teledyne API Model 602 BetaPLUS Datasheet (http://
www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/602 Literature RevB.pdD
44. Thenno Scientific 1405 DF TEOM Continuous
Dichotomous Ambient Particulate Monitor
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/
en/product/1405-df-teom-continuous-dichotomous-
ambient-air-monitor.html)
45. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2000i-D Dichotomous Air
Monitor Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.
com/en/product/partisol-2000i-d-dichotomous-air-
sampler.html)
46. Thenno Scientific Partisol 2025i Sequential Air Sampler
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/partisol-2025i-seauential-air-sampler.html)
47. Tisch Enviromnental TE-Wilbur2.5 and TE-WilburlO
Sampler Pair Manual (http://tisch-env.com/wp-content/
uploads/2015/06/TE-Wilbur-Product-Manual-Complete-
REV2.15.pdf)
so2
48. S02 U.V. Fluorescence Principle Explanation (https://
dec.alaska.gov/air/am/S02 SOP 13febl2.pdf)
49. DKK-TOA Corp. Model GFS-112E U.V. Fluorescent
S02 Analyzer Specifications (http://static 1.1. saspcdn.
com/static/f/1216070/16103887/1326907039650/so2
analyser. pdf?token=izt%2BGaFbPm5a9nONkV4ZGfPT
6R0%3D)
50. Ecotech Serinus 50 S02 Analyzer (http://ecotech.com/
wp-content/uploads/2015/0 l/Scrinus-5().pdf)
51. Environnement S. A. AF22M Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer
(http://www.environnement-sa.com/products-page/
en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/af22m-sulfur-dioxide-
analvzer-so2/)
52. Horiba Models APSA-360 S02 Monitors Technical
Report (http://www.horiba.com/uploads/media/REO 1 -
06-029.pdf)
53. Horiba Model APSA-370 S02 Monitors Specifications
(http://www.horiba.com/process-enviromnental/
products/ambient/details/apsa-370-ambient-sulfur-
dioxide-monitor-272/)
84
-------
54. SERES Model SF 2000 G S02 Analyzer Brochure
(http://www.seres-france.com/wp-content/
unloads/2014/07/Sf2000g Brochure UK 120327.pdf)
55. Teledyne API Model T100 U.V. Fluorescent S02
Analyzer Specifications (http://www.teledvne-api.com/
pdfs/TlOO Literature RevC.pdD
56. Ecotech Model EC9850 Series S02 Analyzer
User Manual (http://ecotech.com/wp-content/
uploads/2015 /O 3 / E C9850- O p e ra t i o n - 1VI a n ii a 1. p d D
57. Thermo Electron Model 43 S02 Analyzer Specifications
(http://www.thermoscientific.com/en/product/model-43-
i-i-i-so-siib-2-siib-analvzer.html)
58. Thermo Electron Model 43i S02 Analyzer
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/model-43-i-i-i-so-sub-2-sub-analvzer.html)
03
59. O, U.V. Photometry Principle Explanation (http://
mattson.creighton.edu/Ozone/OzoneEPAMethod.pdf)
60. 2B Technologies Model 202 Ozone Monitor
Specifications (http://www.twobtech.com/model 202.
htm)
61. 2B Technologies Model 211 Ozone Monitor
Specifications (http://www.twobtech.com/model 211.
htm)
62. 2B Technologies Model 106-L Ozone Monitor
Specifications (http://www.twobtech.com/model 106.
htm)
63. Dasibi Models 1008-AH Ozone Analyzer
Manual (http://www.scribd.com/doc/723 8918/
DasibiOzoneMonitorManual-1008#scribd)
64. DKK-TOA Model GUX-313E Ambient O, Analyzer
Specification Sheet (http ://static 1.1. sqspcdn. com/static
/f/1216070/16103858/1326906928990/o3 analyserpdf?t
oken=T%2BONY 6Nucv7vdiZevEomG3 i hY 8E%3D)
65. Ecotech Serinus 10 Ozone Analyzer Specification
Sheets (http://ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/
Serinus-101.pdf)
66. Environnement 0342M Ozone Analyzer Specifications
(http ://www. environnement-sa. com/products-page/en/
air-qualitv-monitoring-en/o342m-ozone-analvzer/)
67. Environnement S.A. Model O, 42e UV Ozone Analyzer
Specifications (http ://www. environnement-sa. com/
products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/o342m-
ozone-analvzer/)
68. Horiba Instruments Model APOA-360 Ozone Monitor
Manual (http://www.horiba.com/uploads/media/REQl-
06-029.pdf)
69. Horiba Instruments Model APOA-370 Ozone Monitor
Specifications (http ://www. horiba. com/us/en/process-
environmental/products/ambient/details/apoa-370-
ambient-ozone-monitor-276/)
70. SERES OZ 2000G Ozone Analyzer Specifications
(http://www.seres-france.com/product-list/oz-200Qg-2/)
71. SIR SA Model S-5014 UV Absorption O, Analyzer
Manual (http://www.iusun.com.tw/en-S-5014%20
OZONE%20 AN ALYZER.pdf)
72. Sutron Corporation Model 6030 O, Analyzer
Specifications (http://www, sutron. com/aq/
documents/2030-ozone-transfer-standard-model-
datasheet.pdf)
73. Teledyne API Model T400 Ozone Analyzer Specification
Sheet (http://www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/T400
Literature.pdD
74. Teledyne API Model T204 Analyzer Specification Sheet
(http://www.teledvne-api.com/products/T204.asp)
75. Ecotech Model EC 9810 Ozone Analyzer Manual (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/EC981Q-
Operation-Manual.pdf)
76. Thermo Electron Models 49i Specifications (http://www.
thennoscientific.com/en/product/model-49-i-i-i-ozone-
analvzer.html)
77. Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath
Monitoring System (http://www.environnement-sa.com/
products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/sanoa-2/)
78. Opsis Model System 300 Open Path Ambient Air
Monitoring Systems Specifications Brochure (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Qpsis-
BR0-BQ3 Svstem300 Eng.pdf)
CO
79. Dasibi Model 3008 CO Analyzer Manual (http://www.
scribd.eom/doc/7238904/DasibiC03008MonitorManua
l#scribd)
80. DKK-TOA Model GFC-31 IE Ambient CO Analyzer
Specification Sheet (http://static 1. Lsqspcdn.com/static
/f/1216070/16103959/1326907230750/co analvserpdf
?token=OnwaFOtRdEh%2FFPUiMBea%2BHB%2FDe
A%3D)
81. Ecotech Serinus 30 CO Analyzer Specifications (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/0 l/Serinus-30.
m
82. Environnement SA C012M CO Monitor Specifications
(http://www.environnement-sa.com/products-page/en/
air-qualitv-monitoring-en/col2m-carbon-monoxide-
analvzer/)
83. Horiba APMA-360 CO Monitor Manual (http://www.
horiba.com/uploads/media/RE01-06-029.pdf)
84. Horiba APMA-370 CO Monitor Specifications (http://
www.horiba.com/process-enviromnental/products/
ambient/details/apma-370-ambient-carbon-monoxide-
monitor-270/)
85. SIR SA Model S-5006 CO Analyzer Manual (http://
www.euritmicgrup.ro/UserFiles/File/PDF-uri%20
produse/241 en SIR%20-%20CQ%20Analizer.pdf)
-------
86. Teledyne API T300 CO Analyzer Manual (http://www.
teledvne-api.com/pdfs/T300 Literature RevC'.pdD
87. Ecotech Model EC9830 CO Analyzer Manual (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/EC983Q-
Operation-Manual.pdf)
88. Thenno Electron 48i CO Analyzer Specifications (http://
www.thermoscientific.com/en/product/model-48-i-i-i-
co-analvzer.html)
NO
x
89. DKK-TOA Model GLN-314E NOx Analyzer
Specification Sheet (http://static 1.1 .sqspcdn.com/static
/f/1216070/16103835/1326906830950/nox ana1vser.pdf
?token=u%2FoelqOx6FRFmimilFRMpAcEwR8%3D)
90. Ecotech Serinus 40 NOx Analyzer Specifications (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/0 l/Serinus-40.
m
91. Environnement S.A. Model AC32M NOx Analyzer
Specifications (http://www.environnement-sa.com/
products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/ac32m-
analvzer-oxides-nitrogen-no-nox-no2-2/)
92. Horiba APNA-360 NOx Analyzer Manual (http://www.
horiba.com/uploads/media/REO 1 -06-029.pdf)
93. Horiba APNA-370 NOx Monitor Specifications (http://
www.horiba.com/us/en/process-environmental/products/
ambicnt/dctails/apna-370-ambicnt-nox-monitor-274/)
94. Teledyne API Model T200 NOx Analyzer Specifications
(http://www.teledvne-api.com/products/T200.asp)
95. Ecotech EC9841T NOx Monitor Brochure (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/Q3/EC9841T-
NO N02 NOX-Trace-Analvser-Brochure.pdf)
96. Thenno Enviromnental Model 42i NO Monitor
X
Specifications (http://www.thennoscientific.com/en/
product/model-42-em-i-em-no-no-sub-2-sub-no-sub-x-
sub-analvzer.html)
97. Sodium Arsenite Method for NOx Principle Explanation
(http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0002247Q
.1977.10470455)
98. TGS-ANSA Method Principle Explanation (http://nepis.
epa. gov/Exe/ZvNET.exe/9101EPX1 .TXT?ZvActionD=
ZvDocument&Client=EPA&Index=Prior+to+1976&Do
cs=&Ouerv=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=l&
TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntrv=&OField=&OFieldY
ear=&OFieldMonth=&OFieldDav=&IntOFieldOp=Q&
ExtOFieldOp=0&XmlOuerv=&File=D%3A%5Czvfiles
%5 CIndex%20Data%5 C70thru75%5 CTxt%5 COOOOOO
21 %5 C9101EPX1. txt&I J ser=ANONYMOt J S&Passwo
rd=anonvmous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocu
ments=l&FuzzvDegree=0&ImageOualitv=r75g8/r75g8/
xl50vl5Qgl 6/i425&Displav=p%7 Cf&DefSeekPage=x&
SearchBack=ZvActionL&Back=ZvActionS&BackDesc
=Results%20page&MaximumPages=l&ZvEntrv=l&Se
ekPage=x&ZvPURL)
99. Environnement S.A. SANOA Multigas Longpath
Monitoring System (http://www.environnement-sa.com/
products-page/en/air-qualitv-monitoring-en/sanoa-2/)
lOO.Opsis Model System 300 Open Path Ambient Air
Monitoring Systems Specifications Brochure (http://
ecotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Qpsis-
BR0-BQ3 Svstem300 Eng.pdf)
101.U.V. Photolytic Conversion Principle Explanation
(http://www.teledvne-api.com/products/T20QUP.asp)
102.Teledyne API Model T200UP Specification Sheet (http://
www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/T200UP Literature RevB.
m
103. Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Spectroscopy Method
Principle Explanation (http://www.teledvne-api.com/
pdfs/T500U Brochure.pdD
104. Teledyne API Model T500UP CAPS NOx Monitor
Brochure (http://www.teledvne-api.com/pdfs/T500U
Brochure.pdD
86
-------
Appendix A
Information Requests for FRMs and FEMs
Sources Consulted: Google, EPA-RTP library catalog, email Note: Appendix provides list of information requests and
and telephone contact with selected companies. sources used to acquire pictures and technical information
for various FRMs and FEMs. Results of information requests
are also provided and the results explain where applicable,
why there are missing pictures and/or missing technical
information for a small number of FRMs and FEMs.
Table 1
Item
Info Type
Filename, Source
Air Quality Monitors, various
Photo
Monitors_various.pdf
httD://www3.eDa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaas/conference/AQS2007/Session%20
Handouts/I mpl2006Revs-Am bMonRees.pdf
Air Quality Monitors, various
Info
Monitors_various_2.pdf
http://itepsrvl.itep.nau.edu/itep course downloads/DAI%20resources/
old%20resource%20files/Reference%20and%20Eauivalent%20
Methods%201-2007.Ddf
PM & PM
10 Z.b
Photo
PM10 2 5photos.pdf - slides 13 and 15 have photos of PM10 and PM25
equipment
http://www.zenzors.com/KIKUseminar/CopenhagenMever(02APR04-2of2).
pdf
Report with information about
several different instruments
Info
PMmonitoring_EPAdoc.pdf
httD://neDis.eDa.gov/Adobe/PDF/30005G9N.pdf
Photos of instruments without
specific labels
Photo
PMsamplerphotos_GodishDavisFu.pdf
Fr book (file contains book information)
PMsamplerphotos_GodishBook.pdf
Fr book (file contains book information)
R & P sampler
Photo
RPsampler.jpg
httDS://www.lanl.gov/auarterlv/a SDring03/basis text.shtml
Photos of air quality monitors,
various
Photos
httD://www.sl ideshare.net/urbanemissions/200812-wmo-gurme-air-
Dollution-monitoring
PM10 Picture:
Andersen Model RAAS10-100
PM10 Single Channel PM10 Sampler
(RFPS-0699-130)
Photo
Andersen_RAAS10-100_200_300_photo
http://o.b5z.net/i/u/10004484/i/brochures/Particulate%20Monitoring/
Thermo High Volume Sampler Brochure.Ddf
Andersen Model RAAS10-200 PM10
Single Channel PM10 Audit Sampler
Manual(RFPS-0699-131)
Andersen Model RAAS10-300
PM10 Multi Channel PM10 Sampler
(RFPS-0699-132)
PM10 Picture and info:
BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 Air
Sampler (RFPS-1298-125)
Photo &
Info
BGI Incorporated Model PQ200 httD://bgi.mesalabs.com/Da200-Darticulate-
sampler/
Graseby Andersen/GMW Model
1200 High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-063)
Photos (3)
GrasebyAnd_GMW1200.jpg
GrasebyAnd_GMW1200_2.jpg
GrasebyAnd_GMW1200_3.jpg http://www.icb.csic.es/index.
php?id=172https://www. labmerchant.com/product/AN DERSON-
INSTRUMENT-GRASEBY-GMW-HIGH-VOLUME-AIR-SAMPLER/7355
-------
PM10 Picture (continued)
Graseby Andersen/GMW Model
321-B High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-064)
Graseby Andersen/GMW Model
321-C High-Volume Air Sampler
(RFPS-1287-065)
Info
Graseby 321-B_321-Cinfo.pdf
Graseby Andersen/GMW Models
SA241 and SA241M Dichotomous
Sampler (RFPS-0789-073)
Emailed company for information, no information provided
Graseby Andersen: photo, model
not specified
Photo
(model not
specified)
GrasebyAndersenTSP.jpg
httD://websites.labx.com/osi/detail.cfm?autonumber=51739
Graseby Andersen: PUF sampler
Photo
GrasebyAndersenPUF.jpg
httD://websites.labx.com/osi/detail.cfm?autonumber=51742
Thermo Scientific or Rupprecht &
Patashnick Partisol® Model 2000
Air Sampler (RFPS-0694-098)
Info &
Photo
RP2000Partisol_Specifications.pdf
httD://o.b5z.net/i/u/10004484/i/brochures/Particulate%20Monitoring/
Partisol Manual Specifications.pdf
RP2000Partisol_quickstart_Photo.pdf
httD://www.atmosDheric-research.com/WebSOPs/FRM%20(2025)%20
Manuals/FRM%200peratine%20Manual.pdf
From Thermo Electron Brand:
ThermoElectronPartisol.pdf
http://www.thermo.com.cn/Resources/200802/productPDF 27107.pdf
Tisch Environmental Model TE-
6070 PM10 High-Volume Air
Sampler or New Star Environmental
Model NS-6070 PM10 High-
Volume Air Sampler (RFPS-0202-
141)
Photo &
Info
TischEnvironmental.pdf
https://tisch-env.com/hieh-volume-air-sampler/pmlO
TischTE6070-PM10Specs.pdf
httD://eco-rentalsolutions.com/Dm-10-high-volume-air-samDler
Wedding & Associates' or Thermo
Environmental Instruments Inc.
Model 600 PM10 High-Volume
Sampler (RFPS-1087-062)
Thermo Environmental Instruments
is now Thermo Fisher Scientific,
the air quality monitor division of
Thermo Fisher Scientific is called
ThermoScientific
Emailed company for info, no information obtained
Graseby Andersen/GMW Model
FH621-N Beta Monitor (EQPM-
0990-076)
Information
httD://dd.eionet.euroDa.eu/vocabularvconceDt/aa/measurementeauiDment/
andersenFH621N/view
Wedding & Associates' or Thermo
Environmental Instruments Inc.
Model 650 PM10 Beta Gauge
(EQPM-0391-081)
Emailed company for info, no information obtained
PM25 Picture only:
Andersen Model RAAS2.5-200
PM25 Ambient Audit Air Sampler
(RFPS-0299-128)
Photo
AndersenRAAS2.5ca 1 ibration.Ddf httD://bsi.mesalabs.com/wD-content/
UDloads/sites/35/2014/12/andersen.Ddf
Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-
100 PM25 Ambient Air Sampler
(RFPS-0598-119)
Emailed company for info, no information provided
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-
200 FEM PM25 Audit Air Sampler
(RFPS-0299-128 or EQPM-0804-
154)
Emailed company for info, no information provided
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-
300 FEM PM25 Sequential Ambient
Air Sampler (RFPS-0598-120 or
EQPM-0804-155)
RAAS2.5300.pdf
httDS://etd.ohiolink.edu/letd.send file?accession=ohioul 187123906&disD
osition=inline
-------
Picture and info:
Graseby Andersen Model RAAS2.5-
300 PM25 Sequential Ambient Air
Sampler (RFPS-0598-120)
Information
AndersenRAAS2.5-300.Ddf httD://arb.ca.gov/aaam/aa/Daao/reDositorv/
district soDs/south coast/Dm/south coast anderson Dm2Doint5 samDler
sop.pdf
Met One e-FRM- PM25 (RFPS-
0315-221)
Photo
MetOne_e-RFM.jpg
httD://themetoneinstrumentsmon itor. blossDot.com/2015/03/new-Droduct-
release-efrm.html
Emailed MetOne for specifications, no information obtained
Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol®-
FRM Model 2000 PM25 Air
Sampler (RFPS-0498-117)
Photo &
info
RP FRM2.5photo.jpg
httD://www. techstuff.com/rDco. htm
RP Partisol -FRM2000 PM2.5manual.pdf
http://itepsrvl.itep.nau.edu/itep course downloads/Glenns FTP%20folder/
Michael/2000FRM.Ddf
Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol®
Model 2000 PM25 Audit Sampler
(RFPS-0499-129)
Emailed company for info, no information obtained
Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol®-
Plus Model 2025 Sequential Air
Sampler (RFPS-0498-118)
Photo &
Info
RP PartisolPlus2025.jpg from
httD://www.ebav.com/itm/R UPPR ECFIT-PATASFI NICK-PARTI SOL-PLUS-
2025-AIR-SAMPLER-/331447964059
RP PartisolPlus2025_2.jpg
httD://www.ebav.com/itm/RuDDrecht-Patashnick-Thermo-Scientific-Partisol-
Plus-Model-2025-SEE-VIDEO-/252090402301?hash=item3ablc245fd
RP2025PartisolPlus_Manual.pdf
From httD://www.atmosDheric-research.com/WebSOPs/FRM%20(2025)%20
Manuals/FRM%200perating%20Manual.pdf
RP 2025Manual.pdf
httD://daa.state.nc.us/monitor/QAPIans/Dm25/Dm25 OPERATOR.Ddf
Thermo Environmental Instruments,
Incorporated Model 605 "CAPS"
Sampler (RFPS-1098-123)
Emailed company for info, no information provided
URG-MASS100 Single PM25 FRM
Sampler (RFPS-0400-135)
No information found
URG-MASS300 Sequential PM25
FRM Sampler (RFPS-0400-136)
No information found
Met One BAM-1022 Real Time Beta
Attenuation Mass Monitor-Outdoor
PM25 FEM Configuration (EQPM-
1013-209)
Photo &
Info
Met0neBAM1022.jpg (photo) From website below that has a little
information.
http://sl5.a2zinc.net/clients/Corcoran/AGU2014/Public/eBooth.
asDX?BoothlD=l 13293
Slide Dresentation with Dhotos and info at this website: httD://slideDlaver.
com/sl ide/4666485/
File download requires social media promotion of product
Rupprecht & Patashnick Partisol®
Model 2000 PM25 FEM Audit
Sampler (RFPS-0499-129 or
EQPM-0202-144)
Emailed company for info, no information obtained
Thermo Electron Model RAAS2.5-
100 FEM PM25 Ambient Air
Sampler (RFPS-0598-119 or
EQPM-0804-153)
Information
ThermoElectronRAAS2.5-100.pdf (specifications on p. 72)
httDS://www.massDort.com/media/3108/Final Qualitv Assurance
ProiPlanActMonitoring.Ddf
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PM 2510 Picture and info:
BGI Incorporated Model PQ200
Sampler Pair (RFPS-1208-173)
Photo &
Info
bgipq200.png http://bgi.mesalabs.com/pq200-particulate-sampler/
Website contains links to specifications and other information
Tisch Environmental Model TE-
Wilbur Low-Volume Air Particulate
Sampler Pair (RFPS-1014-220)
Photo &
Info
TE-Wilbur Spec Sheet.pdf
httDS://tisch-env.com/low-volume-air-samDler/
TE-Wilbur-manual.pdf
httDS://tisch-env.com/wD-content/uDloads/2015/06/TE-Wilbur-Product-
Manual-ComDlete-REV2.15.Ddf
TE-wilburphoto.png
httDS://tisch-env.com/resources/Droduct-manuals
The following link has a Dhoto and various SDecification documents: httDS://
tisch-env.com/low-volume-air-sampler/
Met One Instruments BAM-1020
PM10 2 5 Measurement System
(EQPM-0709-185)
Photo &
Info
Met0nebaml020 datasheet.Ddf From httD://www.metone.com/docs/
baml020 datasheet.pdf
Information about multiple monitors
for gases or monitors that are not
clearly identified
Air Analyzers, Beckman
Photo
httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/Ddf/l 0.102 l/es60153a903
Air Analyzers, Dasibi
Info
Dasibi_multiple gases.pdf
(p. 7 contains a little info about several products) https://www.lcehd.ore/doc
uments/2012AirPollutionAnnualReDort.Ddf
Dasibi_ozone_CO.pdf
P. 79- some description of CO 3003 p. 148 some description of 1003-AFI
file:///F:/User/UNC/ADVANCED%20REFERENCE/Searches/Hall.%20
Eric%20S/airmonitorine/Dasibi ozone CO.pdf
Air Analyzers, various
Limited info
Appendix B contains info on several analyzers - Monitors_various_3.pdf
httD://arb.ca.eov/research/aDr/Dast/arb-5-1032 2aDD.Ddf
Air Analyzers, various
Information
Monitors_various_4.pdf
httD://neDis.eDa.eov/Exe/ZvPDF.cei/20015SNN.PDF?Dockev=20015SNN.
PDF
Environment, S.A., various
Limited info
Environnement_S.A.pdf
Starting on p. A5
httD://uk-a ir.defra.eov.uk/assets/documents/reDorts/emDire/lsoman/
ADDendix A Environnement 1M Series.Ddf
C/>
o
N)
Sulfur dioxide monitor, no
information on brand or model
SulfDiox_1978photo.pdf
http://nepis.epa.eov/Exe/ZvPDF.cei?Dockev=91017WAK.PDF
Picture and info:
Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation, Inc. Model 100
S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0990-077)
Photo and
information
Called Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation (bought by Teledyne in
2001) - they sent the following manual for model 100A -
API_M100A Manual_02164.pdf
Beckman Model 953 Fluorescent
Ambient S02 Analyzer (EQSA-
0678-029)
Information
httD://www.eooele.com/Datents/US4272248
Dasibi Model 4108 U.V.
Fluorescence S02 Analyzer (EQSA-
1086-061)
Photo
Dasibi 1003FI.Dne httD://www.ebav.com/itm/4108-UV-Flourescence-S02-
Analvzer-Dasibi-Environmental-Corp-/231593579869
Dasibi4108 v2.Ddf httD://www.bonanza.com/listines/4108-UV-
Flourescence-S02-Analvzer-Dasibi-Environmental-CorD/277277919
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Picture and info:
DKK-TOA Corp. Model GFS-32 U.V.
Fluorescent S02 Analyzer (EQSA-
0701-115)
Requested information from company via online form - No response
DKK-TOA Corp. Model GFS-112E
U. V. Fluorescent S02 Analyzer
(EQSA-0100-133)
Limited info
Info = "EQSA-0100-133, "DKK Corporation Model GFS-112E U.V.
Fluorescence SO 2 Analyzer," operated at any temperature ranging from
15° C to 35° C and on any of the following measurement ranges: 0-0.05
ppm, 0-0.100 ppm, 0-0.200 ppm, 0-0.5 ppm, or 0-1.000 ppm."
https://www.federalreeister.eov/articles/2000/01/18/00-1083/ambient-
air-monitorine-reference-and-eauivalent-methods-desienation-of-a-new-
eauivalent-method-for
Environnement S.A. Model AF21M
S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0292-084)
Photo &
Info
EnvironmentSA_AF21M.pdf
Obtained from the company via email
Meloy Model SA 700 Fluorescence
Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer (EQSA-
0580-046)
Limited info
httD://dd.eionet.euroDa.eu/vocabularvconceDt/aa/measurementeauiDment/
melovSA700/view
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.ore/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model
8850 S02 Analyzer (EQSA-0779-
039)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
SIR S.A. Model S-5001 U.V.
Fluorescence S02 Analyzer (EQSA-
0507-166)
Photo &
Info
SIR S5001 - SO„ Analizer.Ddf httD://www.euritmiceruD.ro/UserFiles/File/
PDF-uri%20Droduse/240 en SIR%20-%20S02%20Analizer.Ddf
ASARCO Model 500 S02 Monitor
(EQSA-0877-024)*
Emailed company and learned that they do not produce air analyzers; they
smelt and sell copper. In 2005, the company went through a bankruptcy, so
any information prior to 2005 would be inaccessible.
Bendix Model 8303 Sulfur Analyzer
(EQSA-1078-030)*
No information found
Columbia Scientific Industries
Model 5700 S02 Analyzer (EQSA-
0494-095)*
This companv seems to be out of business: http://pubs.acs.ore/doi/
Ddf/10.1021/es00099a713
Lear Siegler Model AM2020 S02
Monitor (EQSA-0486-049)*
Emailed company - No response
Lear Siegler Model SM1000 S02
Monitor (EQSA-1275-005)*
Emailed company - No response
Meloy Model SA185-2A S02
Analyzer (EQSA-1275-006)*
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.ore/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Meloy Model SA285E S02 Analyzer
(EQSA-1078-032)*
Possible
photo
Meloy_possibleSA_285E.jpeg Meloy_possibleSA_285E_2.jpg Meloy_
possibleSA_285E_3.jpg Meloy_possibleSA_285E_4.jpg
http://hepauction.hibid.com/lot/15778591/so2-analvzer-and-misc-
lab?CDaee=14
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.ore/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Monitor Labs Model 8450 Sulfur
Monitor (EQSA-0876-013)*
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Philips PW9755 S02 Analyzer
(EQSA-0676-010)*
No information found
Philips PW9700 S02 Analyzer
(EQSA-0876-011)*
PhilipsPW9700.pdf
http://pubs.acs.ore/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac50160a794
03 Picture only
SIR S.A. Model S-5014 03 Analyzer
(EQ0A-0207-164)
Photo &
Info
SIR_SA_S-5014.pdf
httD://www.iusun.com.tw/en-S-5014%200ZONE%20ANALYZER.Ddf
Sutron Corporation Model 6030 03
Analyzer (EQ0A-0415-222)
Emailed company - No response
E
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Picture and info:
Beckman Model 950A Ozone
Analyzer (RF0A-0577-020)
No information found
Bendix or Combustion Engineering
Model 8002 Ozone Analyzer (RFOA-
0176-007)
Limited info
Slide 5 in Bendix8002 ozone.DdfhttD://www.twobtech.com/linked files/
EPA FRM Presentation Jan 14 2015.Ddf
". The ozone level is carefully monitored and an ozone analyzer 30 (such as
the Bendix Model 8002). The Bendix Model 8002 ozone analyzer 30 uses
a photometrix method detecting the chemiluminescence reaction of ozone
and ethylene which is supplied from a tank 32."
https://www.google.com/patents/US4262541
httDS://arch ive.org/stream/airmonitoringinsl979robb/
airmonitoringinsl979robb divu.txt
Columbia Scientific Industries
Model 2000 Ozone Meter (RFOA-
0279-036)
This company seems to be out of business: httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/
pdf/10.1021/es00099a713
McMillan (MEC) Models 1100-1,
1100-2, and 1100-3 Ozone Meters:
"MEC Model 1100-1 Ozone Meter,"
(RF0A-1076-014), "MEC Model
1100-2 Ozone Meter," (RFOA-
1076-015), "MEC Model 1100-3
Ozone Meter,' (RF0A-1076-016)
McMillan is a subsidiary of Columbia Scientific Industries, which is out of
business
03_McMillan.pdf
Very limited information on p. 32
httD://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/Dublications/summarv reDorts/summarv
report 4. Ddf
Meloy Model 0A325-2R Ozone
Analyzer (RF0A-1075-003)
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Meloy Model 0A350-2R Ozone
Analyzer (RF0A-1075-004)
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Monitor Labs Model 8410E Ozone
Analyzer (RF0A-1176-017)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Dasibi Models 1003-AH, 1003-
PC, or 1003-RS Ozone Analyzers
(EQ0A-0577-019)
Photo &
information
Ozone_Dasibi_GodishBook.pdf (from book, file includes book information)
Dasibi 1003H.png
httD://www.ebav.com/itm/Ozone-analvzer-1003-PC-Dasibi-Environmental-
Corp-/231593573485
Dasibil003-AH.jpg
Dasibil003-AH_pic2.jpg Dasibil003-AH_pic3.jpg Dasibi 1003-AH_pic4.
jpg Dasibil003-AH_pic5.jpg
httD://www.ebav.com/itm/Ozone-analvzer-1003-AH-Dasibi-Environmental-
CorD-/261913038702?hash=item3cfb3bcf6e
Dasibil003AH_S0P.pdf
httD://www.arb.ca.gov/airwebmanual/aasbdocsl/v2aDxa. Ddf
DKK-TOA Corp. Model GUX-113E
Ozone Analyzer (EQ0A-0200-134)
Requested information from company via online form - No response
Environics Series 300 Ozone
Analyzer (EQ0A-0990-078)
Photo &
Info
EnvironicsS300specs.pdf
EnvironicsS300specs_photo.pdf
Both documents obtained from company via email
Environnement S.A. Model 0341M
UV Ozone Analyzer (EQ0A-0895-
105)
Photo &
Info
EnvironmentSA_0341M.pdf
Obtained from email correspondence with the company
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model
8810 Ozone Analyzer (EQ0A-0881-
053)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
PCI Ozone Corporation Model LC-12
Ozone Analyzer (EQ0A-0382-055)
No information found
Philips PW9771 03 Analyzer
(EQ0A-0777-023)
No information found
Tanabyte Models 722, 723, 724,
725, or 726 Ambient Ozone
Analyzer (EQ0A-0407-165)
Photo &
Info
Model 722 httD://www.iiranatee.com/15108404/model-722 httD://www.
aerosol.com.tw/Droduct cg50260.html
Model 723 http://www.tanabyte.com/T723%20Module.html
Model 724 http://www.tanabyte.com/T724%20Module.html
Model 725 http://www.tanabyte.com/T725%20Module.html
Model 726 httD://www.tanabvte.com/T726%20Module.html
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CO Picture and info:
Beckman Model 866 CO Monitoring
System (RFCA-0876-012)
No info found
Bendix/Combustion Engineering
Model 8501-5CA CO Analyzer
(RFCA-0276-008)
Information
httDS://books.google.com/books? id=4oiXMa69rRYC&Dg=PA143&lDg=PAl
43&da=bendix+8501-5ca+analvzer&source=bl&ots=60fHxrDLDI&sig=i7
avsQfEtdXMYMizzZ4NGzvbJCw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDIQ6AEwA2oVChM
lzrD2vfWSvAIVwvseCh2T2gGc#v=oneDage&a=bendix%208501-5ca%20
analvzer&f=false
https://archive.org/stream/airmonitoringinsl979robb/
airmonitoringinsl979robb divu.txt
Dasibi Model 3003 CO Analyzer
(RFCA-0381-051)
No information found
Environnement S.A. Model C011M
CO Analyzer (RFCA-0995-108)
Photo &
Info
EnvironmentSA_C01 lM.pdf
Obtained from email correspondence with the company
Horiba Models AQM-10, AQM-11,
or AQM-12 CO Monitoring Systems
(RFCA-1278-033)
Emailed company for information, no information obtained
Horiba Model APMA-300E CO
Monitoring System (RFCA-1180-
048)
Emailed company for information, no information obtained
MASS-CO, Model 1 CO Analyzer
(RFCA-1280-050)
No information found
Monitor Labs Model 8310 CO
Analyzer (RFCA-0979-041)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model
8830 CO Analyzer (RFCA-0388-
066)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
MSA/LIRA Model 202S CO Analyzer
System (RFCA-0177-018)
Information
MSA_Lira 3250 Gas Monitor Instruction Manual.pdf
Obtained manual from company via email; however, 1 am not sure this is
the model you are looking for
Peak Laboratories, Model 910-170
Carbon Monoxide Analyzer (EQCA-
0814-217)
Photo &
Information
Emailed company for information httD://www.aerosol.com.tw/Droduct
cgl 54798.htm l#658206
NOx Picture only:
DKK-TOA Corporation Model GLN-
114E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0798-121)
Requested information from company via online form - No response
Picture and info:
Advanced Pollution
Instrumentation, Inc. Model 200
N02 Analyzer (RFNA-0691-082)
Called Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation (bought by Teledyne in
2001) - they sent manual for model 200A - API_200A.pdf
Photo of Model 200A
API_200A photo.pdf
httD://www.teledvne-aDi.com/manuals/02246G 200A.Ddf
Beckman Model 952-A N0/N02/
NOx Analyzer (RFNA-0179-034)
No information found
Bendix Model 8101-B Oxides of
Nitrogen Analyzer (RFNA-0479-
038)
Information
httDS://arch ive.org/stream/airmonitoringinsl979robb/
airmonitoringinsl979robb divu.txt
Bendix/Combustion Engineering
Model 8101-C Oxides of Nitrogen
Analyzer (RFNA-0777-022)
Information
Bendix8501.pdf
http://www.arb.ca.gov/airwebmanual/aqsbdocsl/v2apxb.pdf
httDS://arch ive.org/stream/airmonitoringinsl979robb/
airmonitoringinsl979robb divu.txt
Columbia Scientific Industries
Models 1600 and 5600 Analyzers
(RFNA-0977-025)
This companv seems to be out of business: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/
Ddf/10.1021/es00099a713
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Picture and info: (continued)
Dasibi Model 2108 Oxides of
Nitrogen Analyzer (RFN A-1192-
089)
Photo &
Limited
Information
Dasibi2108.jpg
httD://www.ebav.com/itm/Dasibi-Environmental-NOx-Analvzer-2108-with-
Ozone-Generator-/271727314519?nma=true&si=2IDYNYqWi8Eu%252BiK
neTEdEJhCI8A%253D&orig cviD=true&rt=nc& trksid=D2047675.12557
p. 155, limited information
https://books.eooele.com/books? id=ZNvqCAAAQBAJ&pe=PA155&lpe=PAl 5
5&da=Dasibi+2108&source=bl&ots=rwi9CvSKtW&sig=N2cnki9azva8TtQS
W2f9iuvWbBw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwADgKahUKEwiXsvbCrYvlAh
XGrD4KFIcTBDzk#v=onepaee&q=Dasibi%202108&f=false
Environnement S. A. Model AC31M
N02 Analyzer (RFNA-0795-104)
Photo &
Info
EnvironmentSA_AC31M.pdf Obtained from company via email
Meloy Model NA530R Nitrogen
Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-1078-031)
Limited
Meloy_NA530R.pdf p. 203
httD://Dubs. rsc.org/en/content/articleDdf/1980/aD/aD9801700200
Meloy products appear to be from Columbia Scientific Industries Corp.
based on advertisement found on internet. This company seems to be out of
business: httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/Ddf/l0.102l/es00099a713
Monitor Labs Model 8440E
Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-
0677-021)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model
8840 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0280-042)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Monitor Labs/Lear Siegler Model
8841 Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer
(RFNA-0991-083)
Called company for information and followed up with an email - No
response.
Philips Model PW9762/02 N0/N02/
NOx Analyzer (RFNA-0879-040)
No information found
Seres Model NOx 2000 G Nitrogen
Dioxide Analyzer (RFNA-0706-163)
Photo &
Info
SeresNox2000g Brochure.pdf http://www.seres-france.com/wp-content/
UDloads/2014/07/Nox2000g Brochure UK 120327.Ddf
SIR S.A. Model S-5012 Nitrogen
Oxides Analyzer (RFNA-0804-152)
Photo &
Info
SIR_SA_S-5012 NOX Analyzer.pdf
httD://www.iusun.com.tw/en-S-5012%20NOX%20Analvzer.Ddf
Thermo Electron/Thermo
Environmental Instruments Model
14 B/E (RFNA-0179-035)
Information
ThermoElectronl4B.pdf
httD://www.arb.ca.gov/airwebmanual/aasbdocsl/v2aDxd. Ddf
Thermo Electron/Thermo
Environmental Instruments Model
14 D/E (RFNA-0279-037)
Emailed company for information, no information obtained
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-------
Recycled/Recyclable Printed on paper that
contains a minimum of 50% post-consumer
fiber content processed chlorine free
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
PRESORTED STANDARD
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
EPA
PERMIT NO.G-35
Office of Research and Development (8101R)
Washington, DC 20460
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use
$300
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