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2017 Brownfields
Federal Programs Guide
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Contents
INTRODUCTION
IV
THE BROWNFIELDS REDEVELOPMENT PROCESS: GUIDE TO FEDERAL RESOURCES
VII
OVERVIEW OF BROWNFIELDS FEDERAL PROGRAMS
IX
FEDERAL PROGRAMS
XIII
Appalachian Regional Commission	2
Department of Agriculture
Rural Development	5
United States Forest Service	11
Department of Commerce
Economic Development Administration	13
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration	17
Department of Defense
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers	20
Department of Energy	24
Department of Health and Human Services
Agency for Toxic SuPstances and Disease Registry	28
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	31
Office of Community Services	37
Department of Housing and UrPan Development	39
Department of the Interior
National Park Service	44
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement	47
Department of LaPor	50
Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration	52
Federal Transit Administration	55
Office of the Secretary	59
Environmental Protection Agency	63
Federal Housing Finance Agency	78
General Services Administration	81
National Endowment for the Arts	83
Small Business Administration	85
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide ii

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FEDERAL TAX INCENTIVES AND CREDITS	88
New Markets Tax Credit	90
Low Income Housing Tax Credits	94
Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits	97
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy	100
iii 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Introduction
EPA's Brownfields program empowers states,
communities, and other stakeholders to work together
to assess, safely clean up, and sustainably reuse
brownfields. EPA brownfields grants provide essential
funding to communities for assessment, cleanup,
and area-wide planning activities, and revolving
loan funds. Brownfields grants can provide essential
seed funding to spur the environmental cleanup of
brownfields and initiate community revitalization.
However, federal brownfields funding often can
provide only a small portion of the total investment
needed to clean up and revitalize brownfields. To be
successful, communities must identify other sources
of funding and leverage federal grants dollars to
obtain additional financial support from a variety of
public and private sources for brownfields redevelop-
ment and community revitalization.
Leveraging is the use of existing resources or
funding to attract additional resources or funding for
brownfields revitalization. Leveraging and building
partnerships at the local level are essential for
successful brownfield revitalization. Initial local
investments for brownfields projects, when made
strategically, can help communities attract additional
financial investment because they demonstrate
the community's commitment to a project, instill
confidence in its potential success, and address the
sustainability of the project.
EPA brownfields grants are a successful source
of funding to assist communities in meeting their
initial funding needs and leveraging other dollars.
Nationwide, through FY2016, communities
collectively leveraged $16.11 on average for each
EPA brownfields dollar spent. In addition, these
communities leveraged 8.5 jobs per $100,000 of EPA
brownfields funds expended on assessment, cleanup,
and revolving loan fund cooperative agreements.
EPA publishes the Brownfields Federal Programs
Guide every two years as a tool communities can use
to help identify and leverage federal resources for
brownfields redevelopment. It is a good starting point
for communities seeking the additional resources
needed to address brownfields-related redevelopment
challenges such as infrastructure improvements,
construction, and workforce training. Of course,
federal funds are only part of the picture. Communi-
ties also should leverage additional resources and
technical assistance that may be available at the
state and local level, or from private-sector and
philanthropic organizations.
In addition to the 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs
Guide, EPA offers several tools to help communities
develop effective strategies for leveraging resources
for brownfields revitalization. EPA's Setting the Stage
for Leveraging Resources for Brownfields Redevelop-
ment is a tool that communities can use to identify
approaches for attracting additional resources for
community revitalization. It focuses primarily on what
communities can do before they solicit funding by
organizing themselves and making the preparations
necessary for mounting a successful leveraging effort.
It includes a step-by-step guide to help localities
organize their leveraging efforts for brownfields and
community revitalization. The guide also includes case
studies and an overview of assistance available from
EPA for enhancing community capability to leverage
available resources for brownfields projects.
( \
Revitalization Tools for Communities
The tools discussed here are available on EPA's
Land Revitalization website at:
httosJ/www. eoa.gov/land-revitalization/revitaliza-
tion-tools-communities
\	J
Forming partnerships and engaging stakeholders
often is the key to successful brownfields redevelop-
ment. Hosting stakeholder roundtables, or forums,
can be an excellent way for local communities to form
partnerships to develop and implement strategies
for addressing specific brownfields challenges.
Stakeholder forums are also an excellent opportunity
to identify funding sources and garner support for
revitalization goals. EPA developed the Brownfields
Stakeholder Forum Kit as a guide to help localities and
nonprofit organizations plan successful stakeholder
meetings that engage key stakeholders and promote
partnership efforts to address brownfields and
community revitalization.
These are just a few of the tools and replicable
models outlined in EPA's Land Revitalization
Program Tools for Communities Factsheet. which
describes tools available to communities undertak-
ing brownfields and land revitalization projects.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide iv

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Additional tools include: New Manufacturing on
Old Brownfields. which makes the case for siting
advanced manufacturing facilities on brownfields,
showcases examples from three communities that
are revitalizing brownfields for new manufacturing,
and includes a resource guide; and the Climate Smart
Brownfields Manual, which is a resource for communi-
ties that want to consider climate change as they
assess, clean up, or redevelop brownfields. Other
tools described in the factsheet focus on redevelop-
ing brownfields for urban agriculture and aquaponics;
deconstruction and residential demolition; and a
framework to help local governments evaluate
potential property recovery actions for brownfields.
The 2017 Edition of the Brownfields
Federal Programs Guide
The 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide
is a compendium of the financial and technical
assistance resources available from federal agencies
for brownfields and land revitalization projects. It
also includes information about assistance available
through federal tax incentives and encourages
communities to explore state tax credits, loans,
loan guarantees, and other incentives. This 2017
Brownfields Federal Programs Guide updates the
2015 edition. There are a few significant changes to
programs listed in the previous version of the guide,
and a few programs are added or eliminated. Here
are some of the highlights:
¦	The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
/U.S. Forest Service and the Department of
Defense/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers added
the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) to the
list of brownfields-related programs. The GLRI was
launched in 2010 to provide additional resources to
accelerate efforts to protect and restore the Great
Lakes ecosystem. During FY 2015-2019, federal
agencies will continue to use Great Lakes Restora-
tion Initiative resources to strategically target the
biggest threats to the Great Lakes ecosystem. EPA
heads the GLRI Interagency Task Force and the
Regional Workgroup.
¦	There are three grant programs administered by
the Department of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment (HUD) that appeared in the 2015 Brownfields
Federal Program Guide but are not included in the
2017 edition. The Sustainable Communities Regional
Planning Grants and the Community Challenge
Grants programs that were administered by HUD's
Office of Economic Resilience are still considered
active grant programs, but no new money was
appropriated for either program since 2010. The third
program is HUD's Lead Elimination Action Program
(LEAP) grants, which no longer are offered.
¦ There were several changes in programs under the
Department of Transportation:
-	Enactment of the "Fixing America's Surface
Transportation Act," more commonly referred
to as the FAST Act of 2015, affected several
programs administered by the DOT'S Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA):
¦	The Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality
Improvement Program (CMAQ) previously
authorized through the "Moving Ahead for
Progress in the 21st Century Act of 2012"
(MAP 21), was continued. While the types of
projects eligible for funding are very similar,
the FAST Act of 2015 increases emphasis on
certain activities.
¦	The FAST Act of 2015 also replaced FHWA's
former Transportation Alternatives Program
with a set-aside of funds under the Surface
Transportation Alternatives (TA) Program.
¦	Legislative authority for DOT'S Federal
Transit Administration (FTA) Fixed
Guideway Transit Capital Investment Grant
(CIG) program now is provided through the
FAST Act of 2015.
¦	The FAST Act of 2015 established DOT'S
Nationally Significant Freight and Highways
Program (FASTLANE) to fund critical freight
and highway projects across the country. It
provides dedicated, discretionary funding for
projects that address critical freight issues
facing our nation's highways and bridges.
This funding may be useful to communities
addressing such issues in brownfields projects.
-	This guide also includes DOT'S new Railroad
Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing
(RRIF) Program, which provides direct federal
loans and loan guarantees for development of
railroad infrastructure; and the Transportation
Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA)
credit assistance program. The TIFIA credit
assistance program helps finance many types of
transportation infrastructure projects.
V 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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-	DOT'S Office of the Secretary established a
new Build America Bureau in July 2016. The Build
American Bureau is DOT'S one-stop shop to help
develop transportation infrastructure projects
and provide financing in a single streamlined,
effective, and comprehensive manner. The
Bureau is intended to drive transportation
infrastructure development projects in the United
States by streamlining credit and grant opportu-
nities while providing technical assistance and
encouraging innovative best practices in project
planning, financing, delivery, and monitoring.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
awarded another round of area-wide planning grants
in FY 2017, but did not award new brownfields
revolving loan fund grants. EPA plans to award the
next round of brownfields revolving loan Fund (RLF)
grants in FY 2018. EPA currently awards RLF grants
every two years, while continuing to issue a Request
for Proposals (RFP) for brownfields assessment and
cleanup grants every year.
For the first time, this guide contains information on:
¦	EPA's Water Finance Center. The Water Finance
Center is a new information and assistance
center that helps communities identify financing
approaches and make informed decisions for
drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater
infrastructure. Current activities include Regional
Water Finance Forums for communities with
water infrastructure funding and financing needs.
The Water Finance Center also includes the
WaterCARE technical assistance initiative that
supports communities in developing financial
planning strategies for drinking water and
wastewater infrastructure needs and in identifying
drought resiliency financing strategies.
¦	Two new technical assistance programs are
available through EPA's Office of Sustainable
Communities (OSC):
-	The Healthy Places for Healthy People program
helps communities create walkable, healthy,
economically vibrant places that improve
human health and the environment by engaging
with their health care facility partners such as
community health centers (including Federally
Qualified Health Centers), nonprofit hospitals,
and other health care facilities.
- The Cool and Connected program is a new
planning assistance program sponsored by EPA's
OSC, USDA's Rural Utilities Service, and the
Appalachian Regional Commission. The program
helps small towns use broadband service to
revitalize Main Streets and downtown areas.
USING THIS GUIDE
The entry for each federal agency or organization
describes its mission and its connection to brownfields
and lists the programs that provide technical or
financial assistance relevant to brownfields. Descrip-
tions of eligibility requirements, availability, and uses
and applications, as well as restrictions on use or
eligibility, are included where applicable. Readers
should keep in mind that most federal programs
are subject to annual appropriations, so there is no
guarantee of availability for the resources described
in this guide. Readers are encouraged to visit the
individual agency websites for updated information on
program availability and resources. Where appropriate,
information is provided about the appropriate phase
or phases in the brownfields redevelopment process
(planning/assessment/ cleanup/redevelopment) during
which each program resource might be appropri-
ate. "Snapshots" illustrate brownfields projects that
successfully leveraged funding from these programs
and are included to show how resources from federal
programs stimulate brownfields cleanup and redevel-
opment throughout the country. The section on
"Federal Tax Incentives and Credits" describes options
for using federal tax incentives for brownfields cleanup
and revitalization.
In addition to the federal resources discussed in this
guide, communities are encouraged to build state
and local partnerships and explore opportunities to
work with local, regional, and national philanthropic
organizations on brownfields-related projects. EPA
encourages stakeholders to think broadly about
brownfields projects and take advantage of the
numerous sources of support available for technical
and financial assistance. For additional informa-
tion and assistance, contact your EPA Regional
Brownfields or Land Revitalization Coordinator. (Click
on the map on "Brownfields Near You," at httos J/www.
eDa.aov/brownfields/brownfields-information-near-vou)
or click on the map, "Land Revitalization Where You
Live," at: httDs://www.eDa.aov/land-revitalization/
land-revitalization-where-vou-live).
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide vi

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The Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ARC Area Development Grants
ARC Distressed Counties Grants
EDA Adjustment Assistance
EDA Planning Grants
EDA Local Technical Assistance Program
EDA Regional Innovation Strategies Program
NOAA Coastal Management Programs
USAGE Section 22 Planning Assistance to States
USAGE Centers of Expertise
DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
EPA Brownfields Assessment Grants
EPA Brownfields Area-Wide Planning Grants
USAGE Centers of Expertise
ATSDR Community Health Projects
ATSDR Health Checks
ATSDR Health-Related Information Sharing
ATSDR Action Model
HHS OCS Rural Community Development
HUD Community Development Block Grants
HUD Section 108 Loans
DOI/NPS Federal Lands to Parks Program
DOI/NPS Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance
Program
DOI/OSMRE Abandoned Mine Lands Program
DOI/OSMRE VISTA Team
DOI/OSMRE Watershed Cooperative Agreements
DOT/FHWA Transportation Planning
DOT/FTA Urbanized Area Formula Funding
DOT/FTA Formula Grants for Rural Areas
DOT/FTA State of Good Repair Formula Grants
DOT/FTA Section 5339 Grants
DOT/FTA Section 5309 Grants
DOT/FTA Metropolitan and Statewide Planning
EPA Area-Wide Planning Grants
NEA Our Town Grants
NEA Art Works Grants
SBA Small Business Development Centers
Assessment
~
ARC Area Development Grants
ARC Distressed Counties Grants
NOAA Coastal Management Programs
USAGE Section 222 Planning Assistance to States
USAGE Centers of Expertise
USAGE Section 22 Planning Assistance to States
USAGE Centers of Expertise
ATSDR Community Health and Site Inventory Tools
ATSDR Community Health Projects
ATSDR Health Checks
ATSDR Health-Related Information Sharing
ATSDR Action Model
NIEHS Superfund Small Business Innovation
Research Grants
HUD Community Development Block Grants
HUD Section 108 Loans
DOI/OSRME VISTA Team
EPA Brownfields Assessment Grants
EPA Environmental Workforce and Job Training
Grants
EPA/OW Clean Water State Revolving Fund
SBA Small Business Development Centers
	
		"I
vii 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Guide to Federal Resources
Cleanup
ARC Area Development Grants
ARC Distressed Counties Grants
DOI/OSRME Watershed Cooperative Agreement
Program
HUD Section 108 Loans
OAA Coastal Management Programs
USAGE Section 222 Planning Assistance to States
USAGE Centers of Expertise
USAGE Section 22 Planning Assistance to States
USAGE Centers of Expertise
ATSDR Community Health Projects
ATSDR Health Checks
ATSDR Health-Related Information Sharing
ATSDR Action Model
NIEHS Worker Training
NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Training
NIEHS HAZMAT Disaster Preparedness Training
NIEHS Environmental Career Worker Training
NIEHS Disaster Preparedness Training
NIEHS Superfund Small Business Innovation
Research Grants
HUD Community Development Block Grants
HUD Section 108 Loan Program
HUD Lead Hazard Control Grants
DOI/OSRME Abandoned Mine Program
DOI/OSRME VISTA Team
EPA Brownfields Cleanup Grants
EPA Revolving Loan Fund Grants
EPA Environmental Workforce and Job Training
Grants
EPA/OW Clean Water State Revolving Fund
SBA Small Business Development Centers
Redevelopment
¦	ARC Area Development Grants and Distressed
Counties Grants
¦	USDA/RD Business and Industry Guaranteed
Loans, Intermediary Relending Program, Rural
Business Development Grant Program, Rural
Development Loans and Grants, Community
Facilities Direct Loans and Grants, Community
Facilities Guaranteed Loans, Water and Waste
Disposal Program, and Rural Energy for America
¦	USFS Urban and Community Forestry and Great
Lakes Restoration Initiative
¦	EDA Public Works Program and Adjustment Assistance
¦	NOAA Coastal Management
¦	USAGE Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Section
22 Planning Assistance to States, and Centers of
Expertise
¦	DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
¦	ATSDR Community Health Projects, Health Checks,
Health-Related Information Sharing, Action Model,
and Farmers Market and Local Foods
¦	NIEHS Environmental Career Worker Training,
Small Business Research Grants for e-Learning,
Superfund Small Business Innovation Research
Grants, and Worker Training
¦	HHS/OCS Community Economic Development
¦	HUD Community Development Block Grants,
Section 108 Loans, and Lead Hazard Control Grants
¦	DOI/OSRME VISTA Team
¦	DOT/FHWA Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality
Improvement and Surface Transportation Block
Grants for Transportation Alternatives
¦	DOT/FTA Buses and Bus Facilities Grants Program
(Section 5339), Urbanized Area Formula Funding,
Formula Grants for Rural Areas, Section 5309 Grants,
Section 5339 Grants , State of Good Repair Formula
Grants, and Metropolitan and Statewide Planning
¦	DOT/OS TIGER Grants, TIFIA Credit Assistance,
Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing,
and Nationally Significant Freight and Highways
¦	EPA/OW Clean Water State Revolving Fund and
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund
¦	FHLB Affordable Housing Program and Community
Investment Program and Cash Advances
» NEA Our Town Grants and Art Works Grants
SBA 504 Program, Service Corps of Retired Executives
--fSCf
and !
MH
on Programs
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide viii

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Overview of Brownfields Federal Programs
FEDERAL AGENCY
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Appalachian Regional
Commission
¦ Grants through state programs
for economic development and
brownfields redevelopment in
420 designated counties in the 13
Appalachian states.
¦ Technical assistance to support develop-
ment efforts to address brownfields and
other economically distressed areas,
in 420 designated counties in the 13
Appalachian states.
Department of Agriculture,
Rural Development
¦	Loan guarantees for rural
businesses.
¦	Loans for small businesses.
¦	Rural business development grants.
¦	Grants to accelerate job creation in
rural communities.
¦	Grants and loans to develop
community facilities.
¦	Grants and loans to develop water
and waste disposal systems in rural
areas.
¦	Renewable energy grants.
¦	Grants to promote local food and
farmers markets.
¦	Technical assistance for rural
businesses.
¦	Technical assistance for strategic
planning and community visioning for
economic development.
Department of Agriculture,
U.S. Forest Service
¦	Financial assistance to plant and
maintain trees for beautification or
remediation of brownfields.
¦	Funding to support projects to
protect the Great Lakes ecosystem.
¦	Technical assistance for planting trees
on mine-scarred lands and for phytore-
mediation.
¦	Technical assistance for planting
trees for open space, parks, and land
conservation projects.
¦	Assistance to rural and urban communi-
ties applying for USDA grants.
Department of Commerce,
Economic Development
Administration
¦	Grants for infrastructure and
facilities in distressed areas.
¦	Grants for regional economic
development planning.
¦	Grants to support innovation-centric
economic sectors that support
commercialization and entrepre-
neurship, and cluster development.
Economic adjustment grants.
¦	Assistance with economic development
planning.
¦	Promote innovative approaches to
economic development.
¦	Strengthen linkage between economic
development and environmental quality.
Department of Commerce,
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
¦ Matching funds to state/local
governments to purchase
threatened coastal and estuarine
lands.
¦	Assistance with the restoration of
contaminated coastal sites.
¦	Special projects relating to coastal
resource management.
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FEDERAL AGENCY
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Department of Defense,
U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers
¦	Congressionally mandated water
resource civic works.
¦	Support for projects to protect the
Great Lakes ecosystem.
¦	Reimbursable water- and land-related
engineering technical assistance.
¦	Watershed and ecosystem planning
support for states.
Centers of expertise.
Department of Energy
¦	Grants for energy efficiency and
renewable energy projects.
¦	Loans for the development of
advanced technology, energy-
efficient vehicles.
¦	Research to reduce building energy use.
¦	Facilitating the beneficial reuse of
former brownfields into energy parks
and facilities that design and produce
renewable energy technologies.
¦	Feasibility studies for renewable energy
projects.
Department of Health and
Human Services, Agency
for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry
¦	Grants to assess health issues
associated with redevelopment
plans.
¦	Limited health pilot awards for
brownfield and reuse sites.
¦	Technical assistance to public health
agencies.
¦	Assistance to review and assess environ-
mental sampling data and other site data.
¦	Health-related information sharing in
reviewing environmental assessment data.
¦	Tools to help make health part of the land
renewal process.
Department of Health and
Human Services, National
Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences
¦	Grants to develop health and safety
training programs.
¦	Research grants to seek solutions
to health and environmental issues.
¦	Training workers for hazardous
materials handling and disaster
preparedness.
¦	Advanced technology training program.
¦	Training for minority workers in environ-
mental restoration.
Department of Health and
Human Services, Office of
Community Services
¦	Job training program grants.
¦	Grants to small communities for
training and technical assistance for
rural water facilities.
¦	Assistance to community develop-
ment corporations.
¦ Technical assistance for rural water
facilities.
Department of Housing and
Urban Development
¦	Nationwide block grants for
community development.
¦	Loan guarantees for community
development.
Lead-based paint abatement
grants.
¦ Technical assistance to support
community revitalization, including
brownfields cleanup and redevelopment,
and to assess and control lead-based
paint and other home health hazards.
Department of the Interior,
National Park Service
¦ Transfer of surplus federal land to
state and local governments for
park creation.
¦ Technical assistance for conservation
and recreation projects.
Department of the Interior,
Office of Surface Mining
Reclamation and
Enforcement
¦	Grants to reclaim streams affected
by acid mine drainage.
¦	Grants to states and tribes to
reclaim abandoned mine lands.
¦	Technical assistance and capacity-
building for watershed development.
¦	Watershed remediation internships.
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FEDERAL AGENCY
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Department of Labor
¦ Job training grants.
¦	Technical assistance to states, localities
and community organizations on
workforce development.
¦	Technical assistance to states on
readiness for brownfields redevelopment
job needs.
Department of
Transportation,
Federal Highway
Administration
¦	Grants for transportation projects
and planning.
¦	Grants for air quality improvement
and congestion mitigation.
¦	Grants for transportation enhance-
ments and alternatives, such as
bicycle and pedestrian paths.
¦ Technical assistance for long-range
transportation planning.
Department of Transportation,
Federal Transit Administration
¦	Grants for public transportation
capital projects in urban and rural
areas.
¦	Grants for new and expanded
rail, bus, and ferry systems and
facilities.
¦	Grants to replace, rehabilitate,
and purchase buses and related
facilities.
¦	Grants for repairing and upgrading
the nation's rail transit systems and
high-intensity motor bus systems.
¦	Funds for developing long-range
plans and short-range programs
reflecting transportation investment
priorities.
¦ Technical assistance to transit agencies
working with other state and local
governmental agencies on transit
projects involving brownfields.
Department of
Transportation, Office of the
Secretary
¦	Grants for major transportation
projects that will enhance economic
competitiveness and livability.
¦	Credit assistance through secured
loans, loan guarantees, and lines
of credit for large transportation
infrastructure projects.
¦	Direct federal loans and loan
guarantees to finance the develop-
ment of railroad infrastructure.
¦	Grants for critical freight issues
facing our nation's highways and
bridges.

xi 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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FEDERAL AGENCY
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Environmental Protection
Agency
¦	Grants for brownfields assessment
and cleanup, and for capitalizing
revolving loan funds for brownfields
cleanup.
¦	Grants for area-wide planning.
¦	Grants for environmental workforce
development and job training.
¦	Grants to states and tribes to
enhance response and brownfields
programs.
¦	Targeted brownfields assessments.
¦	Loans for water quality improve-
ment projects, including drinking
water.
¦	Grants for projects to restore local
urban water quality.
¦	Brownfields and Land Revitalization
Technology Support Center.
¦	Information dissemination on use of
innovative technologies.
¦	Technical assistance to brownfields
communities.
¦	Technical assistance targeted for
capacity-building to implement sustain-
able strategies.
¦	Support for development and implemen-
tation of action plans to promote local
food and downtown revitalization.
¦	Technical assistance for smart growth
implementation.
Federal Housing Finance
Agency
¦	Loans for housing and economic
development that benefit low- and
moderate-income families.
¦	Loans and grants for affordable
housing.
¦	Financial assistance through
Federal Home Loan Banks
(FHLBs) to support community
development, including brownfield
redevelopment projects eligible for
a brownfield tax credit.

General Services
Administration

¦ Assistance to match underused federal
properties and surplus federally owned
brownfields with local revitalization
objectives.
National Endowment for the
Arts
¦ Grants for placemaking projects
with art at their core.
Grants for public art projects.

Small Business
Administration
¦	Loans to small businesses to invest
in major fixed assets, such as land
and buildings.
¦	Loans to small businesses for
general business purposes.
¦ Technical assistance for small business
development.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide xii

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Federal Programs

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This section outlines the key programs and incentives
offered by the federal government that can be used
to support brownfield projects. Organized by agency,
each entry provides a general description of the
agency's overall mission and identifies the resources
(financial assistance and technical assistance) that
are available. Contact information is provided for
each.
When considering potential sources of assistance
for brownfield efforts, keep in mind that many
federal programs may not specifically use the term
"brownfields." Nevertheless, they still may offer
resources applicable for brownfields cleanup and
redevelopment.
Also keep in mind that the programs listed in this guide
may not be available at any given time. While this guide
provides information about funding or support provided
on each program for the most recent year for which
this information is available, this is for information
purposes only. Almost all federal programs are subject
to the availability of funding and other resources, most
often through congressional appropriations. As a result,
some of the programs listed may not be available or
may have limited availability in any given year. It is a
good idea to check with the agency contacts or consult
the websites listed for updated information.
Brownfield-related resources are outlined for the
following federal agencies:
¦	Appalachian Regional Commission
¦	Department of Agriculture—Rural Development
¦	Department of Agriculture—United States Forest Service
¦	Department of Commerce—Economic Development Administration
¦	Department of Commerce—National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
¦	Department of Defense—U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
¦	Department of Energy
¦	Department of Health and Human Services—Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
¦	Department of Health and Human Services—National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
¦	Department of Health and Human Services—Office of Community Services
¦	Department of Housing and Urban Development
¦	Department of the Interior—National Park Service
¦	Department of the Interior—Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
¦	Department of Labor
¦	Department of Transportation—Federal Highway Administration
¦	Department of Transportation—Federal Transit Administration
¦	Department of Transportation—Office of the Secretary
¦	Environmental Protection Agency
¦	Federal Housing Finance Agency
¦	General Services Administration
¦	National Endowment for the Arts
¦	Small Business Administration
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Appalachian Regional Commission
EST
APPALACHIAN
REGIONAL
COMMISSION
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Appalachian Regional Commission's (ARC)
mission is to innovate, partner, and invest to build
community capacity and strengthen economic growth
in Appalachia. ARC partners with federal, state, and
local government to accomplish this mission. ARC'S
membership comprises the governors of the 13
Appalachian Mountain states and a federal co-chair
appointed by the president. Each year, the governors
elect one of their members to serve as state co-chair.
Grassroots participation is provided through local
multi-county development districts. Congress
appropriates funds annually, which ARC allocates
among its member states.
Brownfields Connections
The reclamation and reuse of brownfields align
with ARC'S asset-based development approach
to community and economic development, and
exemplify a way that communities can meet ARC'S
five investment goals—investing in entrepreneurial
and business development strategies that strengthen
Appalachia's economy.
ARC participates in the Brownfields National
Network. In addition, ARC co-sponsored the first
Central Appalachian Regional Brownfields Summit
in Charleston, West Virginia, in September 2016.
The Summit addressed regional brownfields topics
impacting Central Appalachia. ARC provided support
for the Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative
that was created in 2004 to encourage the restora-
tion of high-quality forests on reclaimed surface coal
mines in Appalachia.
ARC also participates in the U.S. Department of
Commerce's Investing in Manufacturing Communi-
ties Partnership (IMCP), a government-wide initiative
to accelerate the resurgence of manufacturing
and help communities cultivate an environment for
businesses to create well-paying manufacturing jobs
in cities across the country. The Northwest Georgia
Manufacturing Community (composed of nine
members of Northwest Georgia Regional Commission
[NWGRC]), a partnership led by Georgia Tech, and
the Tennessee DRIVE for the Future Manufacturing
Community Partnership are among the 12 currently
designated manufacturing communities.
POWER (Partnerships for Opportunity and Workforce
and Economic Revitalization) is a multi-agency
initiative that targets federal resources to help
communities and regions that were affected by job
losses in coal mining, coal power plant operations,
and coal-related supply chain industries due to the
changing economics of America's energy production.
ARC is participating in POWER with the U.S.
Economic Development Administration (EDA) and
eight other agencies. Several projects funded with
POWER grants in FY16 incorporate productive use of
formerly mined lands and brownfields.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
On November 16, 2015, the Appalachian Regional
Commission approved "Investing in Appalachia's
Future: The Appalachian Regional Commission's
Five-Year Strategic Plan for Capitalizing on
Appalachia's Opportunities." Following adoption
of the Plan, ARC revised its governing code to
develop programs and policies to carry out the
goals and objectives set forth in the plan. These
include investing in entrepreneurial and business
development strategies that strengthen Appalachia's
economy; increasing the education, knowledge,
skills, and health of residents to work and succeed
in Appalachia; investing in critical infrastructure;
strengthening Appalachia's community and economic
development potential by leveraging the region's
natural and cultural heritage assets; and building the
capacity and skills of current and next-generation
leaders and organizations to innovate, collaborate,
and advance community and economic development.
To be approved and funded by ARC, a proposed
project must implement the development plan of the
Appalachian state in which it is located and must be
identified by the state in its annual strategy statement.
2 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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ARC expects grantees to contribute matching
resources to projects to the extent they are able to do
so, and to seek additional non-ARC funding assistance
in a diligent manner. ARC has specific requirements for
matching funds; individual states may have additional
requirements. State ARC program managers or local
development districts can provide information about
individual state matching requirements.
Potential applicants for ARC grants should contact
the individual local development district serving the
county in which the proposed project is located for
guidance on a project's eligibility for funding and
assistance in preparing a grant application.
The Commission's Asset-Based Development
approach helps communities identify and leverage
local assets—natural, cultural, structural, and
leadership—to create jobs and build prosperity while
preserving the character of the community. ARC
and its partners do this by identifying best practices;
building partnerships with private, public and nonprofit
organizations; providing technical assistance to
communities; and funding asset-based development
efforts. Strategies include converting overlooked
and underused facilities, possibly due to environ-
mental contamination, into industrial parks, business
incubators, or educational facilities.
Area Development Grants
Eligibility Requirements: ARC grants are awarded
to state and local agencies and governmental entities
(such as economic development authorities), local
governing boards such as county councils, and nonprofit
organizations. Potential applicants should contact their
state ARC program manager to request a pre-applica-
tion package. The local development district serving
the county in which the project is located also may
provide guidance on a project's eligibility for funding and
assistance in preparing a grant application.
Limitations: ARC funding is limited to projects in
420 designated counties in the 13 Appalachian
states. Projects must carry out one or more of the
goals stated in ARC'S 2016-2020 strategic plan. ARC
targets special assistance to economically distressed
counties in the Appalachian Region, allowing up to
80 percent participation in grants in distressed areas
(See Distressed Counties Grants, below).
Potential Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Planning and technical assistance to address
brownfields.
¦	Infrastructure needed to convert brownfields to new
economic uses.
¦	Conversion of obsolete industrial sites to public
purposes.
NOTE: ARC funding can be used for many activities
and is often flexible. Although all of these activities
could likely qualify for ARC assistance, the applicant
should consult with their state ARC program manager
to understand their state's priorities.
CDFA Number: 23-002
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Distressed Counties Grants
Distressed Counties Grants follow the same code and
guidelines that govern ARC'S regular grant program
(see Area Development Grants, above). ARC targets
special resources to the most economically distressed
counties in the Region using Distressed Counties
Grants. ARC uses an index-based classification
system to compare each county in the nation with
national averages for three economic indicators—
three-year average unemployment rates, per capita
market income, and poverty rates. Based on that
comparison, each Appalachian county is classified
within one of five economic status designations—
distressed, at-risk, transitional, competitive, or
attainment. Distressed counties are those that rank in
the lowest 10 percent of the nation's counties.
Eligibility Requirements: For FY 2017, 84 counties
qualify for distressed county status. ARC'S annual
County Economic Status and Distressed Areas in
Appalachia, FY 2017, lists these counties and their
economic designation. This report is available at
httos://www. arc, aov/appalachian reaion/CountvEco-
nomicStatusandPistressedAreasinADDalachia.asD.
Limitations: ARC normally limits its maximum
project funding contribution to 50 percent of costs,
but it can increase its funding share to as much as
80 percent in distressed counties. ARC funding is
limited to projects in 420 designated counties in the
13 Appalachian states.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Planning and technical assistance to address
brownfields problems.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 3

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SNAPSHOT - WESTFIELD BUSINESS PARK, TIOGA COUNTY, PA
r
In 2015, ARC funding of $100,000 helped the Tioga County (Pennsylvania) Development Corporation
(TCDC) complete site preparation and environmental cleanup of the former H.E. Hall, Inc. Tannery,
a 1 7.6-acre Prownfield located in Westfield Borough and Westfield Township. The site contained
aPandoned Puildings, failing infrastructure, and chemical waste left Pehind when the tannery closed in
2005. ARC support helped the TCDC reclaim the land for the Westfield Business Park, which is projected
to create 200 joPs through new Pusiness development. TCDC worked in partnership with Northern Tier
Regional Planning and Development Commission, Westfield Borough, Westfield Township, Tioga County,
and Westfield Municipal Authority to redevelop the site to accommodate manufacturing and com-
mercial development. The funding was an important element of the first phase of the redevelopment
project, which involved removing several tanks, an electrical suPstation, an old house and a lime silo
used in the tannery Pusiness. This phase also included removal of one Puilding and soil testing. The total
cost of the redevelopment is expected to Pe around $9 million.
¦	Infrastructure needed to convert brownfields to new
economic uses.
¦	Conversion of obsolete industrial sites to public
purposes.
NOTE: ARC funding can be used for many activities
and is often flexible. Although all of these activities
could likely qualify for ARC assistance, the applicant
should consult with their state ARC program manager
to understand their state's priorities.
CFDA Number: 23-002
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Main Site
httoJ/www. arc. gov
ARC State Program Managers
httos://www. arc. aov/about/stateoroarammanaaers. asp
Local Development District Contacts
httos://www. arc, aov/ldds
ARC-Designated Distressed Counties
(by Fiscal Year)
httoJ/www. arc. aov/fundina/ARCDistressedCounties-
G rants, asp
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Molly Theobald
Appalachian Regional Commission
Department of Community Investments
1666 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20009-1068
202-884-7767
mtheobald(8)arc. gov
4 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Agriculture
Rural Development
Rural
Development
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural
Development (RD) is committed to helping improve
the economy and quality of life in rural America by
providing financial programs to support essential public
and private facilities and services such as water and
sewer systems, housing, health clinics, emergency
service facilities, and electric and telecommunications
infrastructure. RD promotes economic development
by providing loans to businesses through banks, credit
unions and community-managed lending pools, while
also helping communities participate in community
empowerment programs.
USDA is in a key position to support activities that are
critical to community brownfields revitalization efforts.
RD operates a variety of programs that rural communi-
ties can find useful when undertaking redevelopment
projects. Nearly all of the following RD programs can
contribute to brownfields projects: (1) Renewable
Energy and Energy Efficiency Improvements Program;
(2) housing programs; (3) community facilities
programs; (4) business programs; (5) cooperative
programs; (6) electric programs; (7) telecommunica-
tions programs; (8) water and environment programs;
and (9) community development programs.
The RD programs are administered on a state-by-
state basis and through districts within each state.
Identifying a state office and local contact will facilitate
access and help in applying for grants and loans from
the various RD programs. (See httos://www.rd.usda.
gov/contact-us/state-offices to find individual state
office websites and contact information.)
Brownfields Connections
¦	Grants, loans, and loan guarantee assistance for
a variety of business, commercial, and industrial
brownfields redevelopment projects in small towns
and rural areas.
¦	Support for the installation and improvement of
critical infrastructure needed to support economic
development in brownfields-affected communities.
¦ Financing for the construction of key public facilities.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Business and Industry Guaranteed Loan Program
The Business and Industry (B&l) Guaranteed Loan
Program bolsters the existing private credit structure
through the guarantee of a lender's loans to rural
businesses. The program is administered at the local
level through the Business Programs staff at USDA
state offices.
Eligibility Requirements: Lenders may request
guarantees for their proposed loans to eligible
borrowers including for-profit businesses, nonprofits,
cooperatives, federally recognized tribes, public
bodies or individuals for business purposes. The
loan guarantees are available in rural areas, which
include all areas other than cities or towns of more
than 50,000 people. The contiguous and adjacent
urbanized area of cities or towns larger than 50,000
also are excluded from eligibility.
Availability: The maximum loan amount that may
receive a guarantee is $25 million. Loan guarantees
up to 80 percent are available for most loans under
$5 million, loans between $5 million and $10 million
can receive up to a 70 percent guarantee, and loans
over $10 million can receive up to a 60 percent
guarantee.
Uses/Applications: B&l loan proceeds can be used
for the purchase and development of land, buildings
and associated infrastructure for commercial or
industrial properties, the purchase of machinery and
equipment, business expansion or acquisition, or for
working capital purposes. Repayment terms for real
estate loans are not to exceed 30 years; equipment
loans are not to exceed 15 years or the usual life
of the equipment, whichever is less. The maximum
term for working capital loans is seven years. The
loan amortization term may be blended for loans with
multiple purposes.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/Droarams-services/business-
industrv-loan-auarantees
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 5

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CFDA Number: 10.768
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment \ Cleanup
Intermediary Relending Program
The purpose of the Intermediary Relending Program
(IRP) is to alleviate poverty and increase economic
activity and employment in rural communities through
loans made to intermediaries that establish revolving
loan programs. Intermediaries use IRP funds to assist
with financing business and economic development in
disadvantaged and remote communities.
The IRP capitalizes locally managed revolving loan
funds for small businesses unable to secure adequate
bank financing on their own. Similar to the B&l
program, resources from the IRP can be used for real
estate and equipment purposes.
Eligibility Requirements: Intermediaries may be
private nonprofit corporations, cooperatives, public
agencies, or federally recognized tribes with legal
authority to operate a revolving loan fund. Loan
applicants may be individuals, public or private
organizations, or other legal entities. The loans are
normally available in rural areas outside of cities or
towns of less than 50,000 people and the contiguous
and adjacent urbanized area of these small cities or
towns.
Availability: An intermediary may receive loans up
to $2 million under its first financing and up to $1
million at a time thereafter, with total indebtedness
not to exceed $15 million. Loans to intermediaries are
scheduled for repayment over a period of 30 years.
The interest rate on loans for intermediaries is one
percent per year.
Uses/Applications Include (all apply to loans from
intermediaries to ultimate recipients):
¦	Establishment of new businesses or expansion of
existing business, purchase of land, equipment,
leasehold improvements, and machinery, etc.
¦	Working capital, feasibility studies, debt refinancing,
reasonable fees and charges.
¦	Development of educational institutions, hotels,
motels, transportation services, and aquaculture-
based small businesses.
¦	Pollution control and abatement.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/intermedi-
arv-relendina-Droaram
CFDA Number: 10.767
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
The Rural Business Development Grant Program
The Rural Business Development Grants (RBDG)
program is a competitive grant program that supports
targeted technical assistance and training for the
development or expansion of small and emerging
private businesses in rural areas. Grants support
identification and analysis of business opportunities,
establishment of support centers to assist with the
creation of new rural businesses, economic develop-
ment planning, and other related efforts that lead to
the development or expansion of small and emerging
private businesses (with fewer than 50 employees
and less than $1 million in gross revenues) in rural
areas. Programmatic activities are separated into
enterprise- or opportunity-type grant activities.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
rural public entities, which include, but are not limited
to: towns, communities, state agencies, authori-
ties, nonprofit corporations, institutions of higher
education, federally recognized tribes, and rural
cooperatives.
Availability: There is no maximum grant amount, but
smaller requests are given higher priority. Generally,
grants range from $10,000 to $500,000. There is no
cost-sharing requirement. Opportunity-type grant
funding is limited to a maximum award of $50,000
for unreserved funds. Total opportunity-type grant
funding is limited statutorily to up to 10 percent of the
total RBDG annual funding.
Uses/Applications Include: Enterprise-type grant
funds must be used on projects to benefit small and
emerging businesses in rural areas as specified in the
grant application. Uses may include:
¦	Pollution control and abatement.
¦	Training and technical assistance, such as project
planning; business counseling or training; market
research; feasibility studies; professional or technical
reports; or product or service improvements.
¦	Acquisition or development of land, easements,
or rights of way; construction, conversion, or
6 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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renovation of buildings, plants, machinery,
equipment, access streets and roads, parking
areas, or utilities.
¦	Capitalization of revolving loan funds, including
funds that will make loans for startups and working
capital.
¦	Distance adult learning for job training and advance-
ment.
¦	Rural transportation improvement.
¦	Community economic development.
¦	Technology-based economic development.
¦	Feasibility studies and business plans.
¦	Leadership and entrepreneur training.
¦	Rural business incubators.
¦	Long-term business strategic planning.
Opportunity-type grant funding must be used for
projects in rural areas, such as:
¦	Community economic development.
¦	Technology-based economic development.
¦	Feasibility studies and business plans.
¦	Leadership and entrepreneur training.
¦	Rural business incubators.
¦	Long-term business strategic planning.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/
rural-business-develooment-arants
CFDA Number: 10.351
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
The Rural Economic Development Loan and Grant
Program
The Rural Economic Development Loan and Grant
(REDLG) program provides funding to rural projects
through local utility organizations. The grant program
provides grant funds to local utilities to establish
revolving loan funds for use in making loans for the
creation and retention of viable jobs in rural areas.
Under the separate loan program, utilities can receive
zero-interest loans that are passed through to local
businesses to assist business and create new jobs or
retain existing jobs.
Eligibility Requirements: To receive funding (which
is forwarded to selected eligible projects) under the
REDLG program, an entity must be:
¦	Any former Rural Utilities Service borrower who
borrowed, repaid or pre-paid an insured, direct, or
guaranteed loan.
¦	Not-for-profit utilities that are eligible to receive
assistance from the RD Electric or Telecommunica-
tions Programs.
¦	Current RD Electric or Telecommunications
Programs borrowers.
Availability: The maximum funding for a loan is $1
million. The maximum funding for a grant to establish
a revolving loan fund is $300,000.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Community development, purchase of real estate,
buildings, facilities and equipment for education,
training or rural medical care.
¦	Business incubators or expansion.
¦	Startup venture costs.
¦	Revolving loan funds.
¦	Technical assistance.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/
rural-economic-develooment-loan-arant-Droaram
CFDA Number: 10.854
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Community Facilities Direct Loan and Grant Program
The Community Facilities Direct Loan and Grant
Program provides funding to develop community
facilities in rural areas that provide essential services
for the orderly development of the rural community.
Essential services include hospitals, clinics, town
halls and other public facilities, child care centers, fire
departments, libraries, and community kitchens, food
banks, and gardens.
Loans can have a term of up to 40 years or for the
useful life of the facility (if less than 40 years), and
interest rates are fixed. In some cases, RD can offer
grant assistance.
Eligibility Requirements: Borrowers may be public
bodies, community-based nonprofit corporations, or
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 7

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federally recognized tribes. Eligible rural areas are
those with fewer than 20,000 residents according to
latest U.S. Census data.
Availability: The amount of grant assistance for
project costs depends upon the median household
income of the population in the community where
the project is located, and the availability of grant
funds. In most instances, projects that receive
grant assistance have a high priority and are highly
leveraged with other loan and grant awards. Grant
assistance may be available for up to 75 percent of
project costs. Grant funding limitations are based
on population and income, economic feasibility, and
availability of funds.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Purchase, construct, or improve essential
community facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, town
halls and other public facilities, child care centers,
fire departments, libraries, and community gardens.
¦	Purchase equipment and pay-related project
expenses.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/
communitv-facilities-direct-loan-arant-Droaram
CFDA Number: 10.766
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ^ Cleanup
Community Facilities Guaranteed Loan Program
USDA provides loan guarantees for private lenders
that make loans that will lead to the development
of essential community facilities, such as public
safety and hospital facilities, for communities with
populations of up to 20,000 people. Loans can run
for up to 40 years or for the useful life of the facility (if
less than 40 years).
Eligibility Requirements: Borrowers may be public
bodies, community-based nonprofit corporations, or
federally recognized tribes. Eligible rural areas are
those with fewer than 20,000 residents according to
latest U.S. Census data.
Availability: Loans are guaranteed for a maximum of
90 percent of the eligible loan, and there is a one-time
guarantee fee of 1 percent of the principal loan
amount times the percent of the guarantee.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Purchase, construct, or improve essential
community facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, town
halls and other public facilities, child care centers,
fire departments, and community gardens.
¦	Education services such as museums, libraries or
private schools.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/
communitv-facilities-auaranteed-loan-oroaram
CFDA Number: 10.766
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Water and Waste Disposal Direct Loans, Loan
Guarantees, and Grants
RD offers several programs aimed at providing funds
for clean and reliable drinking water systems, sanitary
sewage and solid waste disposal, and stormwater
drainage systems in rural areas with populations of
10,000 or less. The loans can extend up to 40 years
with interest rates based upon project need and the
median household income of the area being served.
Eligibility: Funds are available to state and local
governments, nonprofit corporations and Indian tribes.
Availability: Grants are subject to the availability
of funds. The Water and Waste Disposal Program
awarded $1,080,000,000 in loans and $327,695,000
in grants in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Construction and improvement of drinking water,
stormwater, sewer and solid waste facilities.
¦	Land acquisition.
¦	Legal fees and engineering fees.
¦	Equipment and initial operation and maintenance
costs.
httoJ/www. rd. usda.gov/oroarams-services/
water-waste-disoosal-loan-arant-oroaram
CFDA Number: 10.760
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup
8 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Rural Energy for America Program: Energy Audit &
Renewable Development Assistance Grants
The Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) has
competitive grant funds to promote and conduct
energy audits and provide renewable energy develop-
ment assistance. This includes assessment of sites
for renewable energy development.
Eligibility Requirements: For energy audits and
renewable energy development assistance, state,
tribal, and local governments; land grant colleges,
universities, and other institutions of higher learning;
rural electric cooperatives and public power entities;
and Resource Conservation and Development
Councils are eligible to apply. Grant eligibility is
limited to rural small businesses and agricultural
producers. An agricultural producer is an individual
or entity directly engaged in the production of agricul-
tural products (crops, livestock, forestry products,
hydroponics, nursery, and aquaculture) whereby 50
percent or greater of their gross income is derived
from the operations.
Availability: The maximum aggregate amount
awarded to an applicant for an energy audit and
REAP grant cannot exceed $100,000 in a fiscal year.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Energy audits.
¦	Renewable energy technical assistance.
¦	Renewable energy site assessments.
httos://www. rd. usda. aov/oroarams-services/
rural-enerav-america-oroaram-enerav-audit-
renewable-enerav-develooment-assistance
CFDA Number: 10.868
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment > Cleanup
Other USDA Programs
Farmers Market and Local Food Promotion Program
(USDA Agricultural Marketing Service)
According to USDA, approximately 2,686 farmers
markets operated in the U.S. in 2014, more than
double the number in 2007. Throughout the country,
communities are responding to this trend by
transforming contaminated properties into locations
where communities can grow and buy food locally.
The Farmers Market and Local Food Promotion
Program includes two competitive grant programs:
the Farmers Market Promotion Program (FMPP) and
the Local Food Promotion Program (LFPP). The goals
of FMPP grants are to increase domestic consump-
tion of and access to locally and regionally produced
agricultural products, and to develop new market
opportunities for farm and ranch operations serving
local markets by developing, improving, expanding,
and providing outreach, training, and technical
assistance to, or assisting in the development,
improvement, and expansion of, domestic farmers
markets, roadside stands, community-supported
agriculture programs, agritourism activities, and other
direct producer-to-consumer market opportunities.
This program may be of interest to those interested
in reusing brownfields to locate farmers markets and
promote local foods.
Eligibility Requirements: All applicants must be
domestic entities owned, operated, and located
within the 50 states, the District of Columbia,
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam,
American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
Eligible entities include agricultural businesses and
cooperatives, community-supported agriculture
networks and associations, economic development
corporations, local governments, nonprofit corpora-
tions, producer networks, producer associations,
public-benefit corporations, regional farmers market
authorities, and tribal governments.
Availability: The maximum award for an FMPP grant
or an LFPP grant is $500,000.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Bring local farm products into federal nutrition
programs with electronic benefits transfer
technology at direct-market outlets.
¦	Raise customer awareness of local foods through
promotion and outreach.
¦	Educate farmers and growers in marketing,
business planning, and similar topics.
¦	Increase market awareness through advertising and
branding efforts.
¦	Purchase equipment, such as refrigerated trucks, or
equipment for a commercial kitchen for value-added
products.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 9

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SNAPSHOT - LEWISTON, ME
r
The Town of Lewiston, Maine, used a $200,000 grant from the USDA RD program to help fund a new
parking garage, part of a massive redevelopment project of the historic, 12-acre Bates Manufactur-
ing Co. textile mill complex in downtown Lewiston. The project Pegan more than 20 years ago with an
EPA Prownfields assessment demonstration pilot grant. EPA awarded additional Prownfields funding to
Lewiston for further assessment at the Bates Mill and nearPy properties, and funding for a Prownfields
revolving loan fund. The complex was cleaned up through EPA's Emergency Response and Removal
program. The USDA RD grant is a relatively small Put important part of a $5,647 million federal funding
package for redevelopment of the cleaned up site that includes $1.8 million from the U.S. Economic
Development Administration and $2.67 million from U.S. Department of Housing and UrPan Devel-
opment. This puPlic funding spurred another $50 million in private investment. Today, the Bates Mill
complex includes 3.2 million square feet of retail, office, medical, warehouse and commercial space;
48 units of mixed-income housing; and 2,130 new parking spaces.
Farmers Market Promotion Program:
httos://www. ams. usda.aov/services/arants/fmDD
Local Food Promotion Program:
httos://www. ams. usda.aov/services/arants/lfDD
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
See httoJ/www.rd.usda.gov/Droarams-services/
all-oroarams for a list of all USDA RD Programs,
many of which may be applicable to brownfields
development.
Peggy Wade
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Rural Development
1400 Independence Ave., SW
Washington, DC 20250
202-720-9653
oeggy wade(S)wdc. usda.gov
Main Site
httos://www. rd. usda. gov/
State Contacts
httos://www. rd. usda. gov/contact-us/state-offices
10 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Agriculture-
United States Forest Service
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The mission of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) is to
sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the
nation's forests and grasslands to meet the needs of
present and future generations. The USFS manages
a 193-million-acre system of 154 National Forests
and 20 National Grasslands for the public good;
provides technical and financial assistance to state
and local agencies, tribes, communities, and private
landowners; and conducts research and delivers
knowledge and technology on all aspects of forestry,
rangeland management, and forest resource utiliza-
tion. USFS also provides international assistance for
the protection and management of the world's forest
resources.
Forest Service Cooperative Forestry programs,
delivered through state forestry agencies, provide
information and assistance to communities involved in
brownfield projects. These programs help communi-
ties manage natural resources to enhance forest
health and ecosystem services and to promote
community resilience and economic development.
USFS research provides information on brownfields
remediation and ecological rehabilitation.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Technical and financial assistance for integrat-
ing natural infrastructure into redevelopment and
brownfields reuse projects in 50 states, the District
of Columbia, U.S. Territories, and affiliated Pacific
Island Nations through state forestry agencies.
¦	Technical assistance for afforestation and
ecological restoration associated with redeveloping
brownfields located in rural and urban communities,
or near mine-scarred lands.
¦	Technical, financial, and educational assistance
for communities that want to convert existing
brownfields into natural open space, parks, or
tree-covered parks, or to conduct other land
conservation projects to increase access to nature.
¦	Assistance to rural and urban brownfields communi-
ties in applying for USDA grants and loans.
RESOURCES
Financial and Technical Assistance
Urban and Community Forestry Program
The Urban and Community Forestry Program (UCF)
is a cooperative program that focuses on the steward-
ship of urban natural resources. UCF responds to
the needs of urban areas by maintaining, restoring,
and improving forest ecosystems on more than 70
million acres of urban land. Through these efforts,
the program encourages and promotes the creation
of healthier, more livable urban environments across
the nation. Urban forests, which include urban
parks, street trees, landscaped boulevards, public
gardens, river and coastal promenades, greenways,
river corridors, wetlands, nature preserves, natural
areas, shelter belts of trees and working trees at
industrial brownfield sites, are dynamic ecosystems
that provide environmental services such as clean air
and water. Trees cool cities and save energy, improve
air quality, reduce stormwater runoff, strengthen
local economies, improve social connections that
create restorative commons to improve health and
well-being, and complement smart growth principles.
UCF provides financial and technical assistance to
plant, protect, establish, and manage trees, forests,
and related resources.
Eligibility Requirements: Local governments,
nonprofit organizations, community groups,
educational institutions, and tribal governments are
eligible for assistance. The program is delivered
through state forestry agencies in each state, the
District of Columbia, and U.S. Territories.
Availability: Funding depends upon annual congres-
sional appropriations.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Revitalizing city centers, older suburbs, and exurban
areas through green infrastructure planning.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 11

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SNAPSHOT - OVERLAND INDUSTRIAL PARK, TOLEDO, OH
r
In 2012, the City of Toledo, Ohio used $182,000 in GLRI funding from the U.S. Forest Service to plant
hybrid poplar trees to phytoremediate lead-contaminated soil as part of the restorative improvements
made to a former brownfield that is being redeveloped as the Overland Industrial Park. This action
reduced lead levels in surface water runoff into the adjacent Ottawa River. An additional $68,000 of
GLRI funds were used to construct a 100-foot by 150-foot bioswale to mitigate surface water runoff.
These efforts also serve to restore ecological habitat and increase the site's flood capacity. The GLRI
funds were part of a much larger funding package for the redevelopment project. The city leveraged
$8 million in EPA brownfields grants and more than $14 million from other federal, state, local and
private funding sources to improve the site's transportation and connectivity, aesthetics, and drainage.
¦	Planting, caring for, and using trees as part of
brownfields reuse.
¦	Restoring degraded rivers or other ecological
restoration activities.
¦	Planting trees for phytoremediation at brownfield
sites.
¦	Providing service learning for youth working in the
environment through partner programs.
httoJ/www. fs. fed. us/ucf/
CFDA Number: 10.675
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI)
Through an agreement with EPA, the USFS receives
funding to support projects that implement strategic,
priority actions within provided authorities to restore,
protect, and maintain the Great Lakes ecosystem.
Eligibility Requirements: State and local
government agencies, tribal communities, nonprofit
organizations, and academic partners within the
Great Lakes Basin of Minnesota, Wisconsin,
Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and
New York are eligible for funding. Only non-construc-
tion activities are eligible, and projects must take
place only on non-federal lands.
Availability: Funding depends upon annual congres-
sional appropriations. Estimated FY2016 funding for
the three program areas of the GLRI was $1.4 million
for runoff reduction, $1.1 million for enhancement of
wetland filtration and $1.2 million to mitigate impacts
of the emerald ash borer.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Reduction of runoff from degraded sites through
green infrastructure using trees and other
vegetation.
¦	Enhancement of coastal wetland filtration through
planting native trees and diverse vegetation.
¦	Restoration of urban tree canopy lost to infestation
by emerald ash borer.
CFDA Number: 10.664, 10.675, 10.672
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lauren Marshall
U.S. Forest Service
Urban & Community Forestry, Cooperative Forestry
1400 Independence Ave., SW
Washington, DC 20250
lemarshall@fs.fed.us
Main Site
httoJ/www. fs. fed. us/
12 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Commerce— EDA
U.S. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION
Economic Development
Administration
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Economic Development Administration (EDA)
provides grants to help communities and regions
suffering from economic distress build capacity for
economic development. EDA assistance is available
to units of state and local government, nonprofits,
Indian tribes, and institutions of higher education
in rural and urban areas experiencing chronic high
unemployment or underemployment, low per capita
income, or a severe disruption to the economic base
of the community or region. EDA's grants can serve
as gap financing or be catalytic, spurring private
capital investment and long-term job creation by
helping to build the regional capacity to support
bottom-up, regionally driven economic development
priorities. Traditionally, over half of all EDA resources
go to small towns and rural areas.
EDA encourages brownfields redevelopment through
its existing economic development grant programs.
EDA's projects range from upfront economic
development planning efforts to multimillion-dollar
infrastructure improvements, but often are focused
on the "back-end" or redevelopment aspects
of brownfield projects. EDA funding is not used
exclusively for environmental cleanup activities,
although cleanup of incidental environmental
contamination is allowed as part of an economic
development-focused project. Key brownfield
activities include physical infrastructure upgrades
or demolition; reuse of publicly owned buildings;
redevelopment plans; site-specific market feasibil-
ity studies; and the capitalization of revolving loan
funds (RLFs).
Between FY 2000 and FY 2016, EDA invested
approximately $400 million in more than 350
brownfield redevelopment projects (with an average
investment of roughly $1.1 million).
Brownfields Connections
¦	Funding for public works and infrastructure
enhancements relating to brownfields redevelopment.
¦	Funding for economic development planning
to economically distressed states, regions, and
communities impacted by brownfields.
¦	Funding for local technical assistance to help public
and nonprofit leaders with their economic develop-
ment decision-making.
¦	Funding to capitalize revolving loan funds for state
and local implementation of strategies to attract
private sector investment.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Public Works Program
Through the Public Works program, EDA provides
grants to help distressed communities build, design,
or engineer critical infrastructure and facilities that will
help implement regional development strategies and
advance locally driven economic development goals
to promote regional prosperity. The Public Works
program provides resources to meet the construction
and infrastructure needs of communities to enable
them to become more economically competitive. Prior
examples of investments EDA supported through this
program include projects supporting water and sewer
system improvements, industrial parks, high-tech
shipping and logistics facilities, workforce training
facilities, business incubators and accelerators,
technology-based facilities, wet labs, multi-tenant
manufacturing facilities, science and research parks,
and telecommunications infrastructure and develop-
ment facilities. Grants generally require a 50 percent
local cost share.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants in
communities experiencing economic decline and
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 13

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distress include Indian tribes or a consortium of
tribes; states, cities, or other political subdivisions of
a state; nonprofit organizations acting in cooperation
with a political subdivision; and institutions of higher
education.
Limitations: Individuals and for-profit private entities
are not eligible. An EDA-approved Comprehensive
Economic Development Strategy (CEDS, see below)
is a prerequisite for requesting an EDA-funded Public
Works grant.
Availability: EDA allocated approximately $100
million for the Public Works and Economic Develop-
ment Facilities program in FY 2016. (The FY 2016
awards amounts are provided for information and
planning purposes.) EDA accepts applications on a
rolling basis for Public Works funding. See the EDA
website at htto://www.eda.aov/fundina-ODDortunities/
for specific requirements.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Support for the construction or rehabilitation
of essential public infrastructure and facilities
necessary to generate or retain private sector jobs
and investments.
CFDA Number: 11.300
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Economic Adjustment Assistance Program
EDA's Economic Adjustment Assistance (EAA)
funding supports the design and implementation of
strategies (e.g., strategy development, infrastructure
construction, RLF capitalization/recapitalization) to
assist communities or regions that experienced or are
under threat of serious damage to their underlying
economic base. EAA investments provide resources
that help communities experiencing or anticipat-
ing economic dislocations plan and implement
specific solutions that leverage their existing regional
economic advantages to support economic develop-
ment and job creation. Similar to Public Works
investments, EAA investments are designed to help
communities foster collaboration, attract investment,
create jobs, and further economic resiliency and
prosperity. Grants generally require a 50 percent local
cost share.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
communities experiencing economic decline and
distress, including Indian tribes or a consortium of
tribes; states, cities, or other political subdivisions of
a state; nonprofit organizations acting in cooperation
with a political subdivision; and institutions of higher
education.
Limitations: Individuals and for-profit private entities
are not eligible. An EDA-approved Comprehensive
Economic Development Strategy (CEDS, see below)
is a prerequisite for requesting EDA EAA funding.
Availability: EDA allocated approximately $33 million
for the EAA program in FY 2016. (The FY 2016
awards amounts are provided for information and
planning purposes.) EDA accepts applications on a
rolling basis for EAA funding. See the EDA website at
htto://www.eda.gov/fundina-QDDortunities/for specific
requirements.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Provides construction and non-construction
assistance (including public works, technical
assistance, economic recovery strategies, and RLF
projects) in regions experiencing severe economic
dislocations that occur suddenly or over time.
CFDA Number: 11.307
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
_
Assessment
Cleanup
Planning Program
Planning program grants help regional organizations
(Economic Development Districts, Indian tribes, and
other eligible recipients) fund short- and long-term
planning activities to guide the eventual creation
and retention of high-quality jobs, particularly for
the unemployed and underemployed in economi-
cally distressed regions. As part of the program, EDA
provides Partnership Planning grants to facilitate the
development, implementation, revision, or replace-
ment of Comprehensive Economic Development
Strategies (CEDS). A CEDS is a strategy-driven
plan for regional economic development, a result
of a "regionally-owned" planning process designed
to guide the economic prosperity and resiliency of
an area or region. An EDA-approved CEDS is a
prerequisite for requesting an EDA-funded Public
Works or EAA investment (see above). EDA also
14 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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provides limited planning-grant assistance for
short-term planning activities (e.g., more project/
site-specific planning). Grants generally require a 50
percent local cost share.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
Indian tribes or a consortium of tribes; states, cities,
or other political subdivisions of a state; nonprofit
organizations acting in cooperation with a political
subdivision; and institutions of higher education.
Limitations: Individuals and for-profit private entities
are not eligible.
Availability: EDA allocated approximately $28
million for the Planning program in FY 2016. (The FY
2016 awards amounts are provided for information
and planning purposes.) EDA accepts applications
on a rolling basis for short-term planning. For other
planning activities (i.e., Partnership Planning), please
contact the appropriate EDA regional office. See the
EDA website at httoJ/www.eda.gov/funding-ODDortuni-
ties/for specific requirements.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Develop, maintain, and implement CEDS and
related short-term planning activities.
¦	Integrate brownfields redevelopment into a CEDS.
CFDA Number: 11.302
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Local Technical Assistance Program
The Local Technical Assistance program strength-
ens the capacity of local, regional or state organiza-
tions and institutions to undertake and promote
effective economic development programs through
projects such as feasibility studies, impact analyses,
disaster resiliency plans, and project planning. Grants
generally require a 50 percent local cost share.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
Indian tribes or a consortium of tribes; states, cities,
or other political subdivisions of a state; nonprofit
organizations acting in cooperation with a political
subdivision; and institutions of higher education.
Limitations: Individuals or for-profit private entities
are not eligible.
Availability: EDA allocated approximately $11 million
to the Local Technical Assistance Program (which
includes National Technical Assistance) in FY 2016.
(The FY 2016 awards amounts are provided for
information and planning purposes.) EDA accepts
applications on a rolling basis for local technical
assistance. See the EDA website at http://www.eda.
gov/fundina-ODDortunities/for specific requirements.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Help communities inform their economic develop-
ment decision-making, including the feasibility/
impact of brownfields-related projects.
CFDA Number: 11.303
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
^ Cleanup ^ Redevelopment ^
^ Cleanup ^ Redevelopment ^
Regional Innovation Strategies Program
The Regional Innovation Strategies program supports
EDA's commitment to helping foster innovation-centric
economic sectors that support commercialization and
entrepreneurship.
Funding is provided through two separate competi-
tions: the i6 Challenge Grants Competition, and
the Seed Fund Support Grants Competition. These
competitions support capacity-building activities
that include proof-of-concept and commercializa-
tion assistance to innovators and entrepreneurs, and
operational support for organizations that provide
essential early-stage funding to startups.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
states; Indian tribes; cities or other political subdivi-
sions of a state; nonprofit organizations, institutions of
higher education, public-private partnerships, science
or research parks, federal laboratories, or economic
development organizations or similar entities that are
supported by a state or a political subdivision of a
state; or a consortium of any of the entities described
above.
Limitations: Individuals are not eligible.
Availability: In FY 2016, EDA allocated approxi-
mately $15 million for the Regional Innovation
Strategies Program. Awards ranged from $150,000
to $500,000 per applicant. See the EDA website at
httoJ/www.eda.gov/funding-QDDortunities for specific
requirements.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 15

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SNAPSHOT - MANCHESTER BIDWELL, PITTSBURGH, PA
EDA provided a $1,132,800 grant to the Manchester Bidwell Corporation and the Business & Industry
Development Corporation to help redevelop a PittsPurgh-area Prownfield into the 63,000-square-foot
HarPor Gardens Park office Puilding and the adjacent 40,000-square-foot Drew Mathieson Center
greenhouse facility. This project transformed an underutilized property into two state-of-the-art facili-
ties that Polster community economic development. The Drew Mathieson Center for Horticultural and
Agricultural Technology is a wholesale distriPutor of plants and herPs. The center provides joP-training
opportunities for adults-in-transition and educational programming for PittsPurgh inner-city youth. The
HarPor Gardens office Puilding houses Bidwell Training Center's admissions department for adult career
training programs in seven areas of study as well as the National Center for Arts and Technology, which
replicates the Manchester Bidwell Corporation's educational model throughout the world.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	i6 Challenge Grants: Support the creation of
programs that provide assistance to innovators and
entrepreneurs and that increase the commercializa-
tion of innovations, ideas, intellectual property, and
research into viable companies.
¦	Seed Fund Support Grants Competition: Provides
funding for technical assistance, feasibility studies,
marketing, and outreach related to the planning,
formation, launch, or expansion of cluster-based
seed capital funds that deploy capital in innovation-
based startups with a potential for high growth.
CFDA Number: 11.020
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
^ Cleanup ^ Redevelopment ^
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Kenneth M. Kukovich
U.S. Economic Development Administration
Room 71018 HCHB
1401 Constitution Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20230
202-482-0806
kkukovich(8)eda. gov
David R. Ives, AICP
U.S. Economic Development Administration
Room 71030 HCHB
1401 Constitution Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20230
202-482-0529
dives(8)eda.aov
Main Site
httoJ/www. eda.aov
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Department of Commerce-
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
„0MMOSP„„
"Item of 0
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Department of Commerce's National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) works
to balance environmental and economic needs in
coastal communities.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Programs that benefit local economies and improve
quality of life in coastal communities by applying
sustainable economic development principles.
¦	Strong partnerships with state coastal zone
management programs that help rebuild community
waterfronts and redevelop brownfields.
¦	Partnerships with local communities and other
agencies to improve quality of life, the environment,
and regional economies.
¦	Local workshops sponsored by NOAA that focus on
brownfields revitalization efforts to help communities
gather input from all parties involved in the revital-
ization process, creating strong partnerships for
more efficient action.
¦	Expertise to improve brownfields cleanup and
redevelopment and expedite decision-making.
¦	Technical assistance to coastal state, territorial, and
local governments for coastal resource protection
and management relating to brownfields.
¦	Use of advanced marine transportation tools and
services to revitalize port areas.
¦	Training, guidance, and decision-making tools for
specific watersheds, ports, and harbors to assist
coastal communities with the assessment, cleanup,
and restoration of contaminated coastal sites,
including brownfields.
RESOURCES
Outreach/Technical Assistance
National Ocean Service's Office of Response and
Restoration
NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS) provides
science-based solutions through collaborative
partnerships to address evolving economic, environ-
mental, and social pressures on our oceans and
coasts. NOS delivers the tools and services needed
to understand and respond to challenges along
95,000 miles of shoreline and 3.5 million square miles
of the U.S. coast, the Great Lakes, and deep-ocean
waters. Thousands of brownfields that once were
thriving industrial facilities are located along coastal
waterfronts. With a coastal focus and experience
in solving environmental challenges, several NOS
programs provide resources and technical assistance
to coastal communities that assist with brownfields
cleanup and reuse. The Office of Response and
Restoration (OR&R) provides scientific support to the
U.S. Coast Guard for spills and coordinates with other
agencies to respond to hazardous material releases
to ensure protection and restoration of its trust
resources. OR&R also coordinates with federal, state,
and tribal natural resource trustees to assess and
restore degraded coastal resources and the services
they provide. Among its specialized skill areas, OR&R
forecasts the movement and behavior of spilled oil
and chemicals, evaluates risk to resources, and
recommends protective cleanup actions.
The OR&R Assessment and Restoration Division
(ARD) also works with co-trustees and EPA at
federal Superfund, state-lead cleanup sites, and
brownfield sites in various roles. ARD provides
technical support in contaminated site assessments,
including contaminated sediment sites, ecological risk
assessment, site remediation, and natural resource
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 17

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SNAPSHOT - PARTNERSHIP FOR THE DELAWARE ESTUARY/HARRISON
AVENUE LANDFILL SITE, CAMDEN, NJ
r
The Partnership for the Delaware Estuary used NOAA Coastal Zone Management Grant funds to
develop a conceptual site plan that addresses shoreline degradation at the Harrison Avenue Landfill
Site in Camden, New Jersey. The plan envisions redevelopment of the landfill as a freshwater tidal
marsh haPitat that supports aquatic and wetland wildlife and vegetation. This new resilient and pro-
ductive haPitat will furnish significantly greater ecosystem services, particularly wave attenuation and
enhanced water quality for the City of Camden. NOAA participates in the Partnership for the Delaware
Estuary, which addresses Prownfield issues in the urPan estuary as part of its Comprehensive Conserva-
tion and Management Plan. NOAA recommended that Prownfields Pe incorporated into the healthy
waters, healthy haPitats, and healthy communities components of the plan. This includes assess-
ment, planning, and implementation of efforts to address climate change vulneraPility to Prownfield
sites along urPan waterfronts on the Delaware River. NOAA also is a co-lead federal agency for the
Delaware River UrPan Waters Federal Partnership site, which includes the cities of Camden, NJ, Philadel-
phia, PA, Chester, PA, and Wilmington, DE.
restoration. Through the NOAA Damage Assessment
Remediation and Restoration Program, natural
resource damage assessments are conducted to
achieve compensation for lost services and restora-
tion of coastal and estuarine habitats. OR&R also
coordinates NOAA's participation in the Urban Waters
Federal Partnership, which is active in several urban
coastal communities, by promoting restoration of
urban waters and coastal resiliency.
Eligibility Requirements: OR&R coordinates with
federal and state trustee agencies.
Limitations: Assistance is limited based on agency
priorities.
Availability: Limited to sites that impact trust
resources.
Uses/Applications Include: Projects are selected
based on OR&R's strategic priorities and available
funds.
httoJ/www. response, restoration, noaa.aov
Office for Coasfal Managemenf
The Office for Coastal Management was established
in 2014 when NOAA combined the Coastal Services
Center and the Office of Ocean and Coastal
Resource Management. The Office for Coastal
Management works closely with the private sector;
nonprofit organizations; the scientific community; and
state, local, and federal governments on a wide range
of issues and initiatives designed to protect coastal
and estuarine resources and communities.
One key component of the Office for Coastal
Management is the Coastal and Estuarine Land
Conservation Program (CELCP). CELPC provides
matching funds to state and local governments to
purchase threatened coastal and estuarine lands or
obtain conservation easements. To be considered, the
land must be important ecologically or possess other
coastal conservation values, such as historic features,
scenic views, or recreational opportunities. Since 2002,
CELPC protected more than 100,000 acres of coastal
lands. Many CELCP projects also protect critical
habitat for species under NOAA's jurisdiction under the
Coral Reef Conservation Act, Endangered Species Act,
and Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries Conservation Act.
Eligibility Requirements: Coastal states, trust
territories, or commonwealths with approved coastal
zone management plans or National Estuarine
Research Reserves are eligible to participate in the
CELCP. State participation is voluntary, and states
may choose to participate by developing a Coastal
and Estuarine Conservation Plan for approval by
NOAA.
Limitations: Projects are selected based on
CELCP's national priorities.
Availability: Assistance is limited based on agency
priorities and availability of funds.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Smart Growth initiatives.
¦	Brownfields information outreach.
httoJ/coast. noaa.aov
18 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Michel Gielazyn, Ph.D.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Office of Response & Restoration/Assessment and
Restoration Division
263 13th Ave. South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
michel. aielazvn(8)noaa.aov
Simeon Hahn
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Office of Response & Restoration/Assessment and
Restoration Division
1650 Arch Street c/o US EPA (#HS41)
Philadelphia, PA 19103
simeon. hahn(S>noaa .gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. response, restoration, noaa.aov
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Department of Defense—
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
ii . i
US Army Corps
of Engineers
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) provides
assistance for the development and management
of the nation's water resources in an environmen-
tally sustainable, economic, and technically sound
manner. USACE provides comprehensive planning,
design, construction, engineering management, and
technical support to the Army and to the nation. In
addition, USACE responds to engineering-related
brownfields questions and project inquiries from
any community within the U.S. and its territories for
major water resource-related endeavors. USACE
will guide communities to appropriate congressional
contacts for authorization and appropriation support
for individual projects.
Brownfields Connections
¦	USACE provides reimbursable technical services
to other federal agencies engaged in brownfields
activities targeted to local governments. Such
services align water resources development and
management efforts with community brownfields
objectives.
¦	USACE assists state and local governments with
the implementation of civil works water resource
projects that emphasize integrated and sustainable
systems-based solutions for ecosystem restoration,
inland and coastal navigation, and flood and storm
damage reduction.
RESOURCES
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRi)
USACE is one of 16 federal agencies participat-
ing in an agreement with EPA to support projects
to restore, protect, and maintain the Great Lakes
ecosystem. USACE utilizes grant funds through
the GLRI program to plan, design, and construct
restoration projects in collaboration with states and
other non-federal partners. With the first three years
of GLRI funds, the USACE started or completed
construction of 20 restoration projects in four of the
five GLRI focus areas.
The USACE has a handful of regional programs
specifically for the Great Lakes that are being used
extensively by the GLRI. The Great Lakes Fishery
& Ecosystem Restoration (GLFER) program is used
to plan, design, and construct projects to restore
wetlands, fishery passages around dams, and
controls for sea lamprey and other aquatic nuisance
species. The Great Lakes Remedial Action Plan
program helps states and local partners plan and
design actions to clean up and delist areas of concern
(AOCs). The Great Lakes Tributary Model program
is being used to develop computer models that state
and local agencies use to evaluate and compare
alternatives for soil conservation and nonpoint source
pollution prevention.
Eligibility Requirements: State and local
government agencies, tribal communities, nonprofit
organizations, and academic partners within the
Great Lakes Basin of Minnesota, Wisconsin,
Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and
New York are eligible for funding. Only non-construc-
tion activities are eligible, and projects must take
place only on non-federal lands.
Availability: Funding depends upon annual congres-
sional appropriations. Estimated FY2016 funding for
the three program areas of the GLRI was $1.4 million
for runoff reduction, $1.1 million for enhancement of
wetland filtration and $1.2 million to mitigate impacts
of the emerald ash borer.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Reduction of runoff from degraded sites through
green infrastructure using trees and other
vegetation.
¦	Enhancement of coastal wetland filtration through
planting native trees and diverse vegetation.
¦	Restoration of urban tree canopy lost to infestation
by emerald ash borer.
20 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment J Cleanup
Reimbursable Support
USACE may perform technical oversight and
management of engineering, environmental, and
construction contracts, including technical assistance
for brownfields-related activities, non-Department of
Defense federal agencies, and states on a reimburs-
able basis. The work is fully funded by the partner
(e.g., local government).
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Technical and project management capabilities
for most water- and land-related natural resources
activities.
¦	Engineering, facility design, construction
management, and other technical services.
¦	Environmental restoration.
Planning Assistance to States [WRDA Section 22)
Section 22 of the Water Resources Development Act
(WRDA) of 1974, as amended, provides authority
for USACE to assist the states, local governments,
Native American tribes, and other non-federal entities,
in the preparation of comprehensive plans for the
development and conservation of water and related
land resources. Under Section 22, USACE provides
technical assistance to states to support preparation
of comprehensive water and related land resources
development plans, including watershed and
ecosystem planning. USACE assists in conducting
individual studies supporting the state plan. USACE
provides assistance on the basis of state requests
and the availability of USACE expertise rather than
through congressional authorization procedures.
Section 22 cannot be used to supplement other
ongoing or pending USACE efforts, or to offset
required state contributions to federal grant programs.
Eligibility Requirements: There is general authority
for USACE to cooperate with states, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam,
American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands, and federally recognized Indian
tribes. Reimbursable support from USACE is not
available to private entities.
Limitations: The Planning Assistance to States
program is funded annually by Congress. Federal
allotments for each state or tribe from the nationwide
appropriation are limited to $2,000,000 annually,
but typically are much less. Individual studies, of
which there may be more than one per state or tribe
per year, require a cost share, so that funding is 50
percent federal/50 percent non-federal. The sponsor
has the option of providing its required 50 percent of
study costs as cash or through work-in-kind.
Availability: The availability of planning assistance
depends on annual congressional appropriations to
the program.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Centers of Expertise (CX)
USACE Centers of Expertise, whose special-
ized capabilities can be helpful in solving specific
brownfields challenges, include the Curation and
Management of Archaeological Collections Center,
the Environmental and Munitions Center of Expertise
(EMCX), the Photogrammetric Mapping Center, the
Preservation of Historic Buildings and Structures
Center, the Rapid Response Corps of Engineers
Center of Expertise, and the Sustainable Design and
Development Center. Assistance from these centers
is generally available on a reimbursable basis.
Eligibility Requirements: There is general authority
for USACE to cooperate with states, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam,
American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands, and federally recognized Indian
tribes. Reimbursable support from USACE is not
available to private entities.
Availability: Priority is given to requests for support
of projects that have national significance.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Preserving historic buildings and structures.
¦	Rapid response to hazardous, toxic, and radioactive
waste incidents.
¦	Coordinating acid mine drainage cleanup with other
infrastructure issues (e.g., wastewater systems).
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 21

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Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Cu ration and Management of Archaeological
Collections Center of Expertise
The Mandatory Center of Expertise (MCX) for
the Curation and Management of Archeological
Collections (CMAC) is a group of skilled profession-
als established by USACE and located at the
St. Louis District (CEMVS), MO. MCX-CMAC
maintains state-of-the-art technical expertise in the
curation of archaeological collections, collections
management (including historic properties database
and website development), special purpose designs
and construction requirements of curation facilities,
mass graves investigations, mass disaster fatalities
recovery (in support of FEMA), forensic support to
United States government agencies, and archival/
historic cartographic investigations to assist military
and intelligence agencies. MCX-CMAC provides
USACE Headquarters and USACE Commands
with program guidance, technology transfer, and
interagency coordination for the curation of archaeo-
logical collections. MCX-CMAC manages all USACE
curation-needs assessments and design services
for the curation of archeological collections. When
MCX-CMAC staff and services are available, CEMVS
will, on a reimbursable basis, assist other Major Army
Commands (MACOMs), Department of Defense
(DoD) services and agencies, and other federal,
state, and local government agencies.
Photogrammetric Mapping Center
CEMVS is the Center of Expertise (CX) for
Photogrammetric Mapping in USACE's Directory
of Expertise. The mission of the CX is to provide
rapid response, full-service photogrammetric
mapping support and maintain technical capability
and proficiency in all aspects of photogrammetry,
including:
¦	Project planning and specialization.
¦	Photogrammetric map compilation.
¦	Architect-engineer contracting.
¦	Geographic Information Systems (GIS) development.
¦	Photo interpretation.
Center of Expertise for the Preservation of Historic
Buildings and Structures
The Technical Center of Expertise (TCX) for the
Preservation of Historic Buildings and Structures
serves the USACE community, federal agencies, and
DoD facilities that need assistance for treating and
managing historic structures. As a center for best
practices, the program offers technical excellence
and outstanding staffing credentials to guide resource
personnel and property managers in their work on a
wide range of historic properties, including buildings,
objects, vessels, landscapes, and civil works projects.
Housed within Environmental and Cultural Resources
Branch, the TCX works collaboratively with the
Cultural Resources Section.
The Center also provides liaison assistance between
the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the
National Park Service, and other various preserva-
tion organizations, along with state and local
governments.
Environmental and Munitions Center of Expertise
In 1990, USACE Headquarters established the
Engineering and Support Center, Huntsville, AL, at
the Ordnance and Explosives Center of Expertise
and Design Center. In 2007, the Environmental and
Munitions Center of Expertise (EMCX) was established
by merging the former OE CX (also called the Military
Munitions CX) and the Hazardous, Toxic and Radioac-
tive Waste Center of Expertise (HTRW CX). The
former MM CX is now the Military Munitions Division of
the EMCX. The EMCX assists USACE organizational
elements in performing their activities and maintain-
ing state-of-the-art technical expertise for all aspects
of response activities. The EMCX does not execute
response actions for programs or projects but assists
USACE at all levels in their performance. The EMCX
supports the USACE Military Munitions Response
Program (MMRP) and other munitions-related
operations in reducing the human health and environ-
mental risk associated with munitions and explosives
of concern (MEC) and munitions constituents (MC).
It maintains state-of-the-art technical expertise for all
aspects of environmental remediation and munitions
response activities. It also manages and provides
oversight of the USACE Formerly Used Defense Sites
(FUDS) MMRP Site Inspection Program.
EMCX provides remediation services for properties
contaminated with hazardous waste, radioactive
22 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - OVERLAND INDUSTRIAL PARK, TOLEDO, OH
r
As part of its redevelopment of the Overland Industrial Park Prownfield site (former Jeep plant), the City
of Toledo, Ohio, leveraged over $14 million in funding from various federal, state, local and private
sources to improve the site's transportation and connectivity. Through the GLRI, USACE conducted a
feasiPility study to construct a wetland on an 18-acre parking lot located within the former Jeep pro-
cessing plant, which also is a 100-year floodplain. USACE plans to increase fish haPitats, and restore the
wetland and riparian haPitat.
materials, and ordnance in compliance with federal,
state, and local laws and regulations. The Center's
projects strive for sustainability while meeting current
and future land and water use needs, safeguarding
human health and safety, improving quality of life, and
enhancing the natural environment. USACE supports
military and civil agencies nationwide in environmen-
tal and munitions responses.
Rapid Response Center of Expertise
The Rapid Response Center of Expertise (RRCX)
provides quick-response environmental services.
RRCX is capable of providing the following special
functions:
¦	Time critical remediation/removal project execution.
¦	Rapid response site "start up" and transition to
traditional District for final execution.
¦	USACE Headquarters "Tiger Team" support.
¦	Cost reimbursable contract management training.
¦	Cost reimbursable contract oversight assistance.
¦	Site support to USACE teams.
¦	Site support to other federal agencies.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Suresh R. Kikkeri, PE, PMP
US Army Corps of Engineers
Attn: CEMP-CEP
441 G St., NW
Washington, DC 20314
202-761-5633
suresh. r. kikkeri(a)usace. army, mil
Main Site
httoJ/www. usace. armv. mil
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 23

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Department of Energy
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The mission of the Department of Energy (DOE)
is to advance the national, economic, and energy
security of the United States; to promote scientific and
technological innovation in support of that mission;
and to ensure the environmental cleanup of the
national nuclear weapons complex. DOE continues
to be caretaker and manager of the U.S. facilities
that manufactured nuclear weapons and the property
on which the weapons are located. DOE supports
brownfields reuse by providing technical assistance in
the fields of energy use and environmental remedia-
tion and in the Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sustainable Design Guide.
Brownfields Connections
Technical assistance in the field of environmental
cleanup and stabilization.
Financial assistance to transfer property for a public
purpose.
Green Energy Parks at DOE facilities.
Evaluations of brownfields as sites for renewable
energy technologies.
DOE's Office of Legacy Management (LM) ensures
hat DOE's environmental and human legacy
esponsibilities are properly managed for current and
uture generations. LM accomplishes this mission by:
Protecting human health and the environment
through effective and efficient long-term surveillance
and maintenance.
Preserving and protecting legacy records and
information, and effectively communicating with the
public.
Sustaining the continuity of workers' pension and
medical benefits.
Managing legacy land and assets and emphasizing
safety, reuse, and disposition.
RESOURCES
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy (EERE) works with business, industry,
universities, national laboratories, and others to
increase the use of renewable energy and energy
efficiency technologies. One way EERE encourages
the growth of these technologies is by offering
financial assistance opportunities for their research
and development. EERE evaluates projects that may
include brownfields as proposed sites for renewable
energy technologies.
Eligibility Requirements: Financial assistance is
available for businesses, industries, universities, and
others.
Availability: Competitive grants are the most
common type of financial assistance awarded by
EERE. Cooperative agreements also are awarded on
a competitive basis. As is the case with most federal
government funding, funding for EERE financial
assistance awards is authorized by an appropriation
approved by Congress. Congress determines the
overall budget for DOE activities, and this amount
determines how much money will be available for
EERE financial assistance awards.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Renewable energy and energy efficiency research
and development.
¦	Transfer of money, property, or services.
httoJ/www. eere. energy, aov
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup
Nafional Renewable Energy Laborafory
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
is EERE's principal research laboratory and the
nation's primary laboratory for renewable energy
24 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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and energy efficiency research and development.
Its mission and strategy are focused on advancing
DOE's and the nation's energy goals. NREL's
research and development capabilities advance
national energy goals by developing innovations to
change the way we power homes and businesses
and fuel cars.
As part of EPA's RE-Powering America's Land
Initiative, EPA and NREL collaborated on a project in
FY 2011 to evaluate the feasibility of siting renewable
energy production on potentially contaminated sites.
This effort paired EPA's expertise on contaminated
sites with NREL's expertise in renewable energy.
The feasibility studies provide site owners and
communities with a realistic and achievable plan for
putting renewable energy on a given site. Since the
RE-Powering Initiative's inception, 179 renewable
energy installations on 171 contaminated lands,
landfills and mine sites were established.
httoJ/www. nrel. gov
RE-Powering America's Lands website:
httoJ/www. eDa.aov/oswercDa/index. htm
Office of Environmenfal Managemenf
The mission of the Office of Environmental
Management (EM) is to complete the safe cleanup
of the environmental legacy brought about from
five decades of nuclear weapons development and
government-sponsored nuclear energy research. The
Cold War left a legacy of 1.5 million cubic meters of
solid waste, 88 million gallons of highly radioactive
liquid waste, 2,400 metric tons of used nuclear fuel,
special nuclear material, more than 100 square miles
of contaminated soil and groundwater, and thousands
of excess nuclear facilities. The EM program is making
significant progress in treating and disposing of the
waste, stabilizing the nuclear fuel and materials,
and remediating the soil, groundwater, and facilities.
EM continues this cleanup mission with a focus on
constructing and operating complex treatment facilities
to solidify the liquid waste into a safer form for ultimate
disposal. EM's work has taken place in 35 states and
on properties that cover two million acres.
In partnership with community reuse organizations
and others interested in establishing energy parks,
EM transfers properties for commercial ^industri-
alization, notably in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. These
reuse efforts are part of the broader Asset Revitaliza-
tion Initiative to leverage assets and create opportu-
nities to enable local development and economic
diversification. Projects are dependent on what the
community wants, what suits the land and climate,
and what can be offered by DOE. DOE supports
the partnership through technology and technical
assistance for remediation and property reuse efforts.
Limitations: EM program activities are focused on
contaminated land resulting from nuclear weapons
production and nuclear energy research testing sites
across the United States.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Reducing risk and environmental liability at nuclear
production and nuclear energy research sites.
¦	Constructing and operating facilities to treat radioac-
tive liquid tank waste.
¦	Securing and storing nuclear materials in a stable,
safe configuration in secure locations.
¦	Transporting and disposing of transuranic and
low-level wastes in a safe and cost-effective manner.
¦	Cleaning up soil and groundwater at EM sites.
¦	Facilitating revitalization projects at DOE facilities.
httoJ/www. em. doe. aov/oaaes/emhome. asox
DOE's Assef Revifalizafion Inifiafive
The Asset Revitalization Initiative (ARI) is a DOE-wide
effort to advance the beneficial reuse of its unique
and diverse mix of assets, including land, facilities,
infrastructure, equipment, technologies, natural
resources, and a highly skilled workforce. By 2020,
DOE plans to conduct the following activities at each
of the field sites in the DOE Complex:
¦	Conduct operations sustainably, incorporating clean
energy technologies wherever possible.
¦	Develop modern, adaptable, and efficient site
infrastructures and closely coordinate multi-agency
efforts at the sites.
¦	Promote public-private partnerships and commercial
opportunities.
¦	Engage local communities and stakeholders in the
development and asset revitalization process.
Although the initiative was launched in 2011, several
sites in the DOE Complex already were working toward
achieving some of the initiative's goals. For example,
over the last several years, DOE's Oak Ridge National
Laboratory in Tennessee, which has over 1,300 acres
of clean land that is ready for beneficial reuse, executed
over 90 leases with private businesses, transferred
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 25

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SNAPSHOT - STAFFORD HILL SOLAR FARM, RUTLAND, VT
r
The Stafford Hill Solar Farm is a nine-acre 2.3-megawatt (MW) solar PV installation located on Rutland's
former municipal solid waste landfill. The solar farm was made possible through a competitive grant
awarded by the Department of Energy. The project benefited from a unique federal-state-NGO partner-
ship that included the State of Vermont, the U.S. Department of Energy and the Energy Storage Tech-
nology Advancement Partnership.
The capped landfill was closed in the late 1980s and remained vacant for the next 30 years. Because
the land had limited potential for reuse, it was a great fit for a solar development. In 2013, Green
Mountain Power applied for a permit to reuse the brownfield for a proposed solar PV installation. The
project was completed in 2015. The Stafford Hill Solar Farm is the first known project to establish a
micro-grid powered only by solar and battery backup, requiring no other fuel source. The installation
also includes 4 MW of additional energy storage in the form of lead acid and lithium ion batteries.
The self-contained solar-powered micro-grid can be disconnected from the larger electricity grid
during power outages, and will be used to supply backup power to a public emergency shelter at the
Rutland City High School. In addition to increasing disaster resilience in the community, the project
will provide economic benefits to the City of Rutland, including annual land lease revenue of $30,600
and $350,000 to $700,000 in annual benefits from the storage component. The Stafford Hill Solar
installation won a 2015 PV Project of Distinction Award from the Solar Electric Industries Association and
the Solar Electric Power Association.
19 properties, and leased 330 acres of DOE-owned
property. By transferring responsibility for facility
demolition and maintenance to private businesses,
Oak Ridge realized millions of dollars in savings,
thereby demonstrating the benefits of ARI.
Office of Legacy Managemenf
The mission of the Office of Legacy Management
(LM) is to fulfill DOE's post-closure responsibilities
and ensure the future protection of human health
and the environment. LM has control and custody of
legacy land, structures, and facilities and is responsi-
ble for maintaining them at levels consistent with
DOE's long-term plans. The goals of LM are to:
¦	Protect human health and the environment.
¦	Preserve, protect, and share legacy records and
information.
¦	Meet commitments to the contractor workforce.
¦	Optimize the use of land assets.
¦	Sustain management excellence.
¦	Engage the public, governments, and interested
parties.
With more than 100 sites, DOE activities and those of
its predecessor agencies left a legacy of environmen-
tal contamination that can impact human health and
the environment. LM was formally established in 2003
to manage long-term surveillance and maintenance
(LTS&M) activities and ensure the future protection of
human health and the environment.
LM currently conducts routine LTS&M activities at
91 sites and will continue to receive sites as they are
cleaned up and closed by DOE and other agencies.
LM is expected to be responsible for surveillance and
maintenance activities at 110 sites by 2020. As LM
conducts LTS&M activities for these sites, there is a
focus on beneficial reuse of the land. LM currently
has 17 sites that are being reused, totaling over
6,600 acres. This represents nearly one-third of the
federally owned sites under LM custody and control.
Site reuse includes agriculture (e.g., hay production,
livestock grazing); disposition; renewable energy
initiatives; habitat preservation; education outreach and
community use (e.g., visitor or interpretive centers).
Los Alamos Nafional Laborafory
The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is
a premier national security research institution,
delivering scientific and engineering solutions for the
nation's most crucial and complex problems. Its work
also advances earth and environmental sciences.
LANL produced the LANL Sustainable Design Guide
that recommends selecting properties with opportu-
nities for minimal environmental impacts, including
brownfields, for development.
httD://www.lanl.aov/oras/ena/enastandards/esm/
architectural/Sustainable, odf
26 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Support for Environmental Justice Communities
DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration, LM,
and EM's Dr. Samuel P. Massie Chairs of Excellence
Program provide technical and grant-writing
assistance to environmental justice communities
located near DOE sites. These DOE organiza-
tions provide assistance in developing brownfields
strategies, drafting initial concepts, writing portions of
proposals, and conducting research to support project
needs. The Massie Chairs support is conducted as
part of the DOE Environmental Justice Program.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Melinda Downing
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Legacy Management
1000 Independence Ave., SW
Room 6G-041
Washington, DC 20585
202-586-7703
melinda. downina(8)ha. doe. gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. energy, gov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 27

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Department of Health and ATSDR
¦ ¦	4%	¦	M.	*	¦	AGENCY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Human Services-Agency for Toxic —
Substances and Disease Registry
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (ATSDR) is directed by congressional
mandate to perform specific functions concerning the
effect on public health of hazardous substances in the
environment. These functions include public health
assessments of waste sites, health consultations
concerning specific hazardous substances, health
surveillance and registries, response to emergency
releases of hazardous substances, applied research
in support of public health assessments, information
development and dissemination, and education and
training concerning hazardous substances.
The 2002 Brownfields Amendments to the Comprehen-
sive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) provided a public
health focus on the impacts of brownfields, particularly
in disadvantaged communities and among sensitive
populations. One facet of this public health focus urges
local governments to monitor the health of populations
exposed to releases of hazardous substances from
brownfields and to enforce institutional controls that
prevent human exposure to those substances.
ATSDR NATIONAL BROWN FIELDS/LAND
REUSE HEALTH INITIATIVE
ATSDR's mission is to serve the public through
responsive public health actions that promote
healthy and safe environments and prevent
harmful exposures to environmental contaminants.
Brownfields and land reuse sites may be a source of
potentially harmful exposures because of contamina-
tion from previous property uses. Addressing public
health concerns and issues related to the restoration
of contaminated properties is essential.
Community health considerations are important parts
of ATSDR's land revitalization activities. Through its
Brownfields/Land Reuse Health Program, ATSDR
conducts activities that:
¦	Promote a protective approach to redevelopment.
¦	Include health as an important part of redevelopment.
¦	Grow community resources to promote health.
¦	Measure changes in community health.
¦	Encourage early community involvement in
decision-making.
¦	Restore and revitalize communities in a way that is
inclusive of all community groups.
¦	Promote relationships among agencies, partners,
and communities.
¦	Improve ways to talk about health and environmen-
tal risks.
RESOURCES
ATSDR provides financial and technical assistance to
identify and evaluate public health issues associated
with the cleanup and reuse of brownfields. These
resources enable state and local health departments
to further investigate public health concerns and
educate communities.
Financial Assistance
Community Health Projects Related to Brownfield/
Land Reuse
Brownfields and other contaminated lands may be the
source of potentially harmful exposures to hazardous
constituents because of environmental contamination
from previous property uses. Addressing public health
concerns related to the restoration of contaminated
properties is a primary focus for ATSDR. ATSDR funds
community brownfield projects to ensure that improve-
ments to public health are an integral part of the land
reuse process.
ATSDR community health projects increase capacity
to identify, address, and improve public health in
redeveloping brownfields, ensuring that particular
attention is paid to identifying and addressing public
health issues prior to redevelopment, and assessing
changes in community health associated with reuse
28 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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plans and redevelopment. Community health projects
that address impacts of contamination at brownfields
will further ATSDR's public health mission to promote
healthy and safe environments and prevent human
exposure to harmful substances.
For more information about eligibility, limitations, and
funding availability, see: htto://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/
sites/brownfields/g rants, html
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Review and Assess Environmental Sampling Data
Through ATSDR's cooperative partnerships and
Health Assessment process, the agency can assist
communities with the review and assessment of
environmental sampling data and other site-related
information. For more information, please visit
ATSDR's Public Health Assessments and Health
Consultations website at: httos://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/
HA C/PHA/index. asp
Health Checks
As part of its land renewal activities, ATSDR promotes
healthy communities, neighborhoods and workplaces.
Some ways in which ATSDR promotes public health
include:
¦	Explaining data about chemicals present in the
human body and the environment.
¦	Helping community members learn more about
health risks in their area.
¦	Checking to find out if there are health issues that
can be addressed through changes in land use.
¦	Measuring health factors to find out if land reuse projects
improve the local community's health and well-being.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Health-Related Information Sharing
ATSDR provides health-related information on specific
hazardous substances, coordinates a response to a
real or perceived elevated incidence of disease near
a site, and helps individual workers or community
members find experienced, private medical attention
for significant hazardous substance exposure.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
ATSDR Action Model
The ATSDR Brownfields/Land Reuse Action Model
(Action Model) is an interactive online toolkit that
helps the diverse members of the brownfield develop-
ment community - officials, developers, community
advocates, residents, and brownfields professionals -
find ways to make public health part of the brownfield
renewal process. Communities can use the Action
Model to identify common goals and incorporate
these goals in strategic planning.
The Action Model consists of four steps that involve
key questions to assist with planning:
Step 1: What are the issues in the community?
Step 2: How can development address these issues?
Step 3: What are the corresponding community health
benefits?
Step 4: What data are needed to measure change?
The online Action Model toolkit is available at:
httos://www. atsdr. cdc. gov/sites/brownfields/model. html
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Community Health and Site Inventory Tools
ATSDR offers the following tools to help local officials
with land reuse decisions and to help them provide
timely responses to constituent inquiries:
ATSDR Brownfields/Land Reuse Site Tool allows
users to assess sites by past/future use, institutional
controls, sensitive populations, and suspected or
confirmed contamination.
Download for free at: httos://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/
brownfields/site inventory, html
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Cleanup ^ Redevelopment ^
ATSDR's Dose Calculator helps users estimate the
amount of a toxic substance people could be exposed
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 29

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SNAPSHOT - JOPLIN, MO
r
On May 22, 2011, a tornado altered the Joplin, Missouri, landscape along a nearly % to one-mile
wide and six-mile long path. The storm impacted aPout 8,000 structures including homes, Pusinesses,
schools, churches, and a hospital. PuPlic infrastructure, such as utilities and storm sewers, and the
natural environment also were affected. The tornado's path included a two-mile corridor, along East
20th Street Petween South Main Street and South Highview Avenue, with nearly all development, infra-
structure, and environmental elements damaged or destroyed.
ATSDR's Brownfields/Land Reuse Action Model was used to characterize existing conditions and
highlight community revitalization efforts in the 20th Street Corridor, especially as they relate to human
health. The City of Joplin, state and private initiatives, as well as federal agencies worked together to
improve Joplin's infrastructure, environment, and its economy. They used the ATSDR Brownfields/Land
Reuse Action Model to organize these efforts into one framework that incorporates health themes and
enaPles planning, avoids duplication of effort, and provides dataset access.
In addition, during community meetings in June 2013, 135 community memPers participated in a
voluntary health engagement activity that linked design characteristics to health. Participants provided
their three top choices from a list of healthy community design ideas. This project is an example of the
opportunities availaPle through ATSDR's Brownfields/Land Reuse Health Program to turn Prownfield sites
into economically sustainaPle, safe, and healthy places for everyone to enjoy.
to (dose) from air, soil, water, and fish consumption.
Download for free at: httos://www.atsdr.cdc.aov/sites/
brownfields/dose calculator, html
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Brownfields Program Coordination:
Laurel Berman, PhD
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Community Health Investigation
77 West Jackson Blvd.
Room 433, M/S ATSD-4J
Chicago, IL 60604
312-886-7476
labermarKcpcdc. gov
K. Leann Bing, Regional Representative
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Region 4
61 Forsyth St., SW(Ste. 16T50)
(9th Floor Mail Only)
Atlanta, GA 30303
404-562-1784
kbina(cpcdc.aov
Captain Gary D. Perlman, Regional Representative
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Region 1
5 Post Office Square, Suite 1010
Mailcode: ATSDR 10-1
Boston, MA 02109-3921
617-918-1492
aaD6(a)cdc.aov
Steven L. Jones, Office Director
ATSDR Liaison Office to EPA Headquarters
Division of Community Health Investigation
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Ariel Rios Building MC 5202P
Washington, DC 20460
703-603-8729
sxi6(S>cdc.aov
Main Site
htto://www. atsdr. cdc. gov
lleana Arias, PhD, Division Director
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Community Health Investigation
Mailstop F59
4770 Buford Hwy, NE
Atlanta, GA 30341
770-488-3739
iaa4(S>cdc.aov
ATSDR Brownfield/Land Reuse Health Program
ATSDR. LandReuse(cpcdc.aov
htto://www. atsdr. cdc. aov/sites/brownfields/index. html
30 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Health and Human IJVVHV
Services—National Institute of ¦¦K'
Environmental Health Sciences
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The mission of the National Institute of Environ-
mental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is to discover how
the environment affects people in order to promote
healthier lives. NIEHS's vision is to provide global
leadership for innovative research that improves
public health by preventing disease and disability.
NIEHS contributes to scientific knowledge of human
health and the environment and to the health and
well-being of people everywhere.
NIEHS's Worker Training Program (WTP) supports
the training and education of workers engaged in
activities related to hazardous materials; waste
generation, removal, containment, and transporta-
tion; and emergency response activities. The NIEHS
Environmental Career Worker Training Program
(ECWTP), formerly the Minority Worker Training
Program (MWTP), positively changes lives and
communities by reaching out to deliver comprehensive
training to disadvantaged adults to prepare them for
employment in the fields of environmental restoration
and hazardous materials/waste handling, construction,
and emergency response.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Conducts the ECWTP to assist communities by
addressing the need for a more comprehensive
training program to foster economic and environ-
mental restoration of brownfields.
¦	Conducts the ECWTP to increase the recruitment
and training of minorities, who are unemployed or
underemployed, in the fields of hazardous waste
remediation, emergency response, construc-
tion, and green jobs. The program also targets
individuals living near hazardous waste sites or in
a community at risk of exposure to contaminated
properties, with the specific focus on providing
training in the area of occupational safety during
environmental and construction activities related
to the cleanup of brownfields and contaminated
properties.
¦	Conducts a hazardous waste worker training
program for training and educating workers engaged
in activities related to hazardous waste removal,
containment, and chemical emergency response.
¦	Provides grants to small businesses under the
Worker Training Program (WTP) and Advanced
Training Technology (ATT) or E-Learning program
to develop computer-based training products
aimed at improving the health and safety training
of hazardous materials workers, emergency
responders, and skilled support personnel.
¦	In coordination with EPA, conducts the Superfund
Research Program (SRP)—a network of university
grants that are designed to seek solutions to
complex public health and environmental issues
associated with the nation's hazardous waste sites.
RESOURCES
Outreach/Technical Assistance
NIEHS Worker Training Program
The NIEHS Worker Training Program supports
the training and education of workers engaged in
activities related to hazardous materials and waste
generation, removal, containment, transportation, and
emergency response. Its mission is to fund nonprofit
organizations with a demonstrated track record of
providing occupational safety and health education
in developing and delivering high-quality training to
workers in handling hazardous waste or in responding
to emergency releases of hazardous materials.
Among the program areas are the Hazardous Waste
Worker Training, Environmental Career Worker
Training, HAZMAT Disaster Preparedness Training,
NIEHS/DOE Nuclear Worker Training, and ATT
programs. A list of organizations funded through July/
August 2020 can be found at: httosJ/www.niehs.nih.
aov/careers/hazmat/awardees/index.cfm
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 31

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Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ing
.
Assessment
Cleanup Redevelopment
Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program
The Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program
(HWWTP) is a grant program that provides funds
to eligible entities to provide model occupational
safety and health training for workers who are or
may be engaged in activities related to hazardous
waste removal, containment, or chemical emergency
response. Hazardous waste workers include individu-
als engaged in active and inactive waste treatment,
storage and disposal; hazardous waste generation,
cleanup and remedial action; and emergency
response, as well as workers engaged in hazardous
materials transportation, including safe loading,
unloading, handling, and storage. Targeted groups for
this training include individuals covered by the require-
ments of the Federal Occupational Health and Safety
Administration (CFR, Title 29, Part 1910) and the
Environmental Protection Agency (CFR, Title 40, Part
311) standards for Hazardous Waste Operations and
Emergency Response. Other targeted groups include
those covered under the regulations governing the
NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program
(CFR, Title 42, Part 65), as well as hazardous
materials transportation workers regulated by the
Department of Transportation (49 CFR 171-177).
Since 1987, the WTP developed a strong network
of nonprofit organizations that deliver a high-quality,
peer-reviewed safety and health curriculum to
hazardous waste workers and emergency responders
in every region of the country. These courses establish
national benchmarks for quality worker safety and
health training, including a strong emphasis on peer
instructors and hands-on instruction. More than three
million workers across the United States received
WTP-supported safety and health training.
Eligibility Requirements: The following organizations
and institutions are eligible to apply for Hazardous
Waste Worker Training program grants: public/
state-controlled institutions of higher education; private
institutions of higher education; Hispanic-serving
institutions; historically black colleges and universi-
ties; tribally controlled colleges and universities; Alaska
Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions; Asian
American/Native American/Pacific Islander-serving
institutions and nonprofits with 501(c)(3) IRS Status
(other than institutions of higher education).
Limitations: A request for applications is released
every five years for a five-year funding period. The
current grant cycle is 2015-2020, which has already
been funded.
Availability: In 2016, 18 organizations received
funding to provide hazardous waste worker training.
The total funding allocated was approximately $20.6
million. The next request for applications will take
place in 2020.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Train and educate workers engaged in activities
related to hazardous waste removal, containment,
and emergency response.
¦	Conduct special training for workers who may be
exposed to unique or special hazards.
httos://www. niehs. nih. aov/careers/hazmat/about weto/
hwwt/index.cfm
CDFA Number: 93.142
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Redevelopment
Environmental Careers Worker Training Program
The Environmental Career Worker Training Program
(ECWTP) provides funding for eligible entities to
address the needs of vulnerable and disadvantaged
communities by emphasizing training that promotes
a sustainable environmental career path for workers
in the fields of hazardous materials handling, waste,
construction, and other emerging industries. The
ECWTP focuses on delivering comprehensive training
to increase the number of disadvantaged and underrep-
resented minority workers in many areas, such as
environmental restoration, construction, and hazardous
materials/waste handling, as well as emergency
response activities.
These training programs promote long-lasting and
effective partnerships in minority and underserved
communities that help reinforce occupational health
and worker education, and mitigate health disparities
at the community level. The different programs provide
pre-employment job training in such areas as literacy
skills, life skills, environmental preparation, green jobs,
and other related courses. Training programs also
cover construction skills training; environmental worker
training, including hazardous waste, asbestos and lead
abatement training; and safety and health training.
32 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Training also includes enrollment in apprenticeship
programs for construction and environmental remedia-
tion worker training. Particular focus is placed on
establishing a program of mentoring. This program
helps to enhance the participants' problem-solving
skills, understanding of individual self-esteem, and
team work in the application of technical knowledge to
environmental and related problems.
The ECWTP promotes partnerships or subagree-
ments with academic and other institutions with a
particular focus on minority-serving institutions, and
public schools and community-based organiza-
tions located in or near the impacted area to provide
pre-math, science, or other related education to
program participants prior to or concurrent with entry
into the ECWTP training program. For FY 2013,
ECWTP trained 367 individuals, with 279 employed
for an outstanding job placement rate of 76 percent.
Eligibility Requirements: The following organiza-
tions and institutions are eligible: public/state-controlled
institutions of higher education; private institutions of
higher education; Hispanic-serving institutions; histori-
cally black colleges and universities; tribally controlled
colleges and universities; Alaska Native and Native
Hawaiian-serving institutions; Asian American/Native
American/Pacific Islander-serving institutions and
nonprofits with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (other than institu-
tions of higher education).
Limitations: A request for applications is released
every five years for a five-year funding period. The
current grant cycle is 2015-2019, and it has already
been funded. The next competition will begin in 2020.
Availability: For the period of 2016-2017, approxi-
mately $3.5 million was allocated to this program.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Recruitment of disadvantaged and underserved
residents who are unemployed or underemployed
and live in urban areas near hazardous waste sites
or in communities at risk of exposure to contami-
nated properties for work in the environmental field.
¦	Pre-employment job training, including literacy, life
skills, environmental preparation, green jobs, and
other related courses for construction skills training.
¦	Safety and health training in areas such as
hazardous waste remediation and asbestos and
lead abatement.
httoJ/www.niehs.nih.aov/careers/hazmat/about weto/
ecwto/index.cfm
CDFA Number: 93.142
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup Redevelopment
HAZMAT Disaster Preparedness Training Program
NIEHS developed a HAZMAT Disaster Prepared-
ness Training Program (HDPTP) in response to
the experiences and lessons learned in recent
national disasters, including terrorist attacks. This
program enhances the safety and health training of
current hazardous materials workers and chemical
responders to create materials by funding organiza-
tions that deliver training to workers responding to
a disaster. HDPTP, through its Emergency Support
Activation Plan, aims to augment prevention
preparedness efforts in a wide variety of high-risk
settings, and to ensure responders are aware of
site-specific hazards and mitigation techniques
prior to and during response activities. This initiative
is intended to foster the development of disaster-
specific training programs as an extension of the
HWWTP for the purpose of preparing a cadre of
experienced workers for prevention and response
to future terrorist incidents in a wide variety of
facilities and high-risk operations. The purpose of the
NIEHS HDPTP is to complement the Department of
Homeland Security's (DHS) various preparedness
training programs by enhancing the safety and health
training capacity of HAZMAT workers and emergency
responders to prevent, deter, or respond to terrorist
incidents involving weapons of mass destruction as
well as natural disasters. Since the program started
in 2005, awardees responded and trained workers
after Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Sandy; the 2007
California wildfires; and the Deepwater Horizon Gulf
Oil Spill. Approximately 5,473 courses were offered to
79,288 workers, representing 801,977 contact hours
of training. Overall this program has trained over
110,000 workers in approximately 8,000 courses.
Training developed under this program should
complement the National Incident Management
System (NIMS) standardized incident management
processes, protocols, and procedures that all
responders-federal, state, tribal, and local-will use to
coordinate and conduct response actions.
Eligibility Requirements: The following training
organizations and institutions are eligible to apply
for funding: public and state-controlled institutions
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 33

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of higher education; private institutions of higher
education; Hispanic-serving institutions; historically
black colleges and universities; tribally controlled
colleges and universities; Alaska Native and Native
Hawaiian-serving institutions; Asian American/Native
American/Pacific Islander-serving institutions and
nonprofits with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (other than institu-
tions of higher education).
Limitations: A request for applications is released
every five years for a five-year funding period. The
current grant cycle is 2015-2019 which has already
been funded.
Availability: For the period of 2016-2017, approxi-
mately $2.2 million was allocated to this program.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Enhanced training on chemical-intensive operations
for current hazardous materials workers and
chemical responders who protect the nation's
infrastructure from potential terrorist attacks as a
continuing high-priority national need.
¦	Training for skilled response personnel to ensure
appropriate response and remediation actions.
Bio-terrorist attacks using weaponized microbials is
a high-priority area for training program response.
The OSHA designation of anthrax response
coverage by 1910.120 regulations identifies a clear
target training population.
htto://www. osha.aov/deD/anthrax/hasD/index. html
¦	Development of a nationwide cadre of well-trained
environmental response workers and emergency
responders to ensure that the nation is prepared
to respond to future disasters of national signifi-
cance. This training is patterned after the successful
Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program, which
provides worker certification.
httos://www. niehs. nih. aov/careers/hazmat/about
weto/hdot/index. cfm
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Small Business Innovation Research Grants
The Advanced Technology Training Program (ATT)
solicits Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
grant applications from small business concerns that
propose to further the development of advanced
technology training products for the health and
safety of hazardous materials workers, emergency
responders, and skilled support personnel. These
products complement the goals and objectives of
the WTP, which is to prevent work-related harm by
assisting in training workers to protect themselves
and their communities from exposure to hazardous
materials. ATT addresses the need to ensure
that learning and training technologies are further
developed, field-tested, and applied to real-world
situations. The financial support for this initiative
comes directly from NIEHS Worker Education and
Training Branch SBIR funds.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities are U.S.
small business concerns.
Availability: Funding is available every year. For this
funding opportunity, budgets up to $100,000 total cost
per year and time periods of up to one year for Phase
I may be requested. Budgets up to $200,000 total
cost per year and time periods of up to two years may
be requested for Phase II. Future-year amounts will
depend on annual appropriations.
Uses/Applications Include:
Funding is available for the development of e-learning
products that support the health and safety training of
hazardous materials workers, emergency responders,
and skilled support personnel.
httos://www. niehs. nih. aov/careers/hazmat/about weto/
att/index.cfm
CFDA Number: 93.142
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Superfund Research Program
The Superfund Research Program (SRP) is a
network of university grants that are designed to seek
solutions to the complex health and environmental
issues associated with the nation's hazardous waste
sites. Since its inception in 1987, the SRP has applied
a multidisciplinary research approach to provide
a solid foundation that environmental managers
and risk assessors can use for sound decision-
making related to Superfund and other hazardous
waste sites. One goal of the program is to improve
public health by supporting integrated research
that is multidisciplinary and is capable of identify-
ing, assessing, and evaluating the potential health
Planning Assessment
I / i
CI
lea
^ Redevelopment ^
34 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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effects of exposure to hazardous substances. Another
goal is to develop innovative chemical, physical,
and biological technologies for reducing potential
exposure to hazardous substances. The research
conducted is coordinated with EPA and the Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
accredited domestic institutions of higher education.
Availability: Funding is available almost every year.
The SRP offers several grant opportunities, including
the following:
Multiproject Center Grants (P42) - These grants are
for coordinated, multiproject, multi- and interdisciplin-
ary centers. The objective is to establish and maintain
a unique center that links and integrates biomedical
research with related engineering, hydrogeologic, and
ecological components. Grant awards are made in
response to requests for applications (RFA). There are
no current funding opportunities.
Small Business Innovation Research & Small
Business Technology Transfer Grants (SBIR/STTR,
R41, R42, R43, R44) - SRP's Hazardous Substances
Detection and Remediation Program supports Small
Business Innovation Research & Small Business
Technology Transfer Grants to foster the commercial-
ization of technologies, products, and devices for
detection and remediation of hazardous substances in
the environment. The SRP is specifically interested in
proposals applying new engineering, bioengineering, and
biotechnology approaches to develop novel strategies
to characterize, monitor, and remediate hazardous
substances at contaminated sites. Application receipt
dates are September 5, January 5, and April 5.
Superfund Research Program Support for
Conferences and Scientific Meetings (R13) - The
NIEHS Conference Grant program is considered an
integral part of the overall mission of the Institute;
thus, it is critical that all conference grant applications
have a direct relationship to advancing the mission
of NIEHS. In order to be responsive, all conference
grant proposals must focus on or clearly indicate
relevance to advancing of NIEHS's understanding
of the role of environment and/or gene-environment
interactions in disease/dysfunction. This includes
environmental science and engineering proposals,
such as methodologies to detect hazardous
substances in the environment and basic biological,
chemical, and physical methods to reduce the amount
and toxicity of hazardous substances.
A letter requesting permission to submit a conference
application is required and must be received via email
no later than six weeks prior to the selected receipt
date. The application receipt dates for conference
grants are April 12, August 12, and December 12.
Occupational and Safety Training Education
Programs on Emerging Technologies (R25) - The
overarching goal of the SRP Occupational and Safety
Education Programs on Emerging Technologies is
to support educational activities that complement or
enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nation's
biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs.
To accomplish the stated goal, this funding opportu-
nity will support creative educational activities with a
primary focus on courses for skill development and
curriculum or methods development. The intent is to
provide higher education institutions the opportunity to
develop continuing education and academic curricula
on the occupational health and safety management
practices in the areas of emerging technologies (e.g.,
emerging hazardous waste products, green chemistry,
sustainable remediation, and detection technologies) to
industrial hygienists and graduate students involved in
the research, evaluation, management, and handling of
hazardous substances. The SRP also expects that such
programs will provide a unique educational opportunity
to those professionals involved in the training of other
personnel for careers in these new industries. These
programs are also meant to expand and complement
existing educational programs in occupational and
safety and health and industrial hygiene. As of spring
2017, there are no current funding opportunities.
For more information on these Superfund Research
Program Funding Opportunities, please see httos://
www. niehs. nih. aov/research/suooorted/centers/sro/
funding/.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Sharon D. Beard
Industrial Hygienist
Worker Education and Training Program
Division of Extramural Research and Training
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
NIH, DHHS
P.O. Box 12233, MD K3-14
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2233
919-541-1863 *
beard 1 (8)niehs. nih.gov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 35

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SNAPSHOT - THE STEELWORKERS CHARITABLE AND EDUCATIONAL
ORGANIZATION
r
NIEHS's Worker Training Program (WTP) supports training and outreach to underserved and rural commu-
nities. The Steelworkers CharitaPle and Educational Organization (SCEO), the nonprofit arm of the United
Steelworkers (USW), supports a training partnership linking two of the largest US-Pased industrial unions
with rapidly expanding immigrant worker centers. The Tony Mazzocchi Center (TMC), the SCEO'S training
entity Prings together the USW, the Communications Workers Of America (CWA), The LaPor Institute (LI),
The National Day LaPorer Organizing Network (NDLON), and Make The Road New York (MRNY). The TMC
provides workers and community residents with training to help prevent toxic releases, fires, explosions,
injuries, sickness, and death.
Joseph (Chip) Hughes, Director
Worker Education and Training Program
Division of Extramural Research and Training
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
NIH, DHHS
P.O. Box 12233, MD K3-14
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2233
919-541-0217 *
huahes3(S>niehs. nih. gov
Advanced Technology Training Program contact:
Kathy Ahlmark, Program Analyst
Worker Education and Training Program
Division of Extramural Research and Training
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
NIH, DHHS
P.O. Box 12233, MD K3-14
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
919-541-7825 *
ahimarkdcbniehs. nih. gov
Main Sites
httoJ/www. niehs. nih.gov/
httoJ/www. niehs. nih.gov/careers/hazmat/index. cfm
httos://www. niehs. nih.gov/research/suDDorted/
centers/sro/mdex. cfm
36 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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DeDartment of Health and office of community services
^^| | III |^^| I I	I I I ^^^^11 III	I I^OT	An Office of the Administration for Children & Families
Human Services—Office of
Community Services
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Office of Community Services (OCS) works
in partnership with states, communities, and other
agencies to address the economic and social services
needs of the urban and rural poor at the local level
by providing grant monies and technical assistance
to these organizations. The goal of the programs
administered by OCS is to increase the capacity of
individuals and families to become self-sufficient and
to revitalize communities.
In addition the programs listed here, OCS adminis-
ters the Community Services Block Grant program,
which provides funds to alleviate the causes and
conditions of poverty in communities. These grants
are available to states, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, U.S. Territories,
federally and state-recognized Indian tribes and tribal
organizations, Community Action Agencies, migrant
and seasonal farm workers organizations, and other
organizations specifically designated by the states.
Brownfields Connection
¦ Provides grants to community development
corporations and community action agencies to
increase the capacity of individuals and families to
become self-sufficient and to revitalize communi-
ties. Brownfields projects with a job creation focus
may want to explore the following OCS funding
opportunities.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Community Economic Development Program
The purpose of the Community Economic Develop-
ment (CED) Program is to support the creation of
sustainable business development designed to
revitalize communities and create jobs for community
residents with low incomes. To do this, the CED
Program gives grants to local, private, and nonprofit
Community Development Corporations (CDCs) to
support the creation and expansion of businesses
that develop new products, services, and other
commercial activities that result in the creation of new
positions for low-income individuals.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Startup or expansion of businesses' physical or
commercial activities.
¦	Capital expenditures such as the purchase of
equipment or real property.
¦	Allowable operating expenses.
¦	Loans or equity investments.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
private, nonprofit organizations that are Community
Development Corporations, including faith-based,
charitable, tribal, and Alaskan-native organizations.
CDCs must be governed by a tripartite board of
directors that consists of residents of the community
served, local business leaders, and local civic
leaders. CDCs must have as their principal purpose
planning, developing or managing low-income
housing or community development projects.
Available Funds:
CED awarded 39 total grants in FY 2016, which are
expected to support the creation of over 1,300 jobs.
Award amounts varied from $225,000 to $800,000.
httos://www. act hhs. aov/ocs/oroarams/ced
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Rural Community Development Program
Rural Community Development (RCD) is a federal grant
program that works with regional and tribal organiza-
tions to manage safe water systems in small rural
communities. RCD-funded projects are designed to:
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 37

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SNAPSHOT - VILLAGE SQUARE, OMAHA, NE
r
The Village Square Development Plan creates a highly detailed and viable strategy for the revital-
ization of the commercial hub of the 24th/Lake Cultural Arts District in Omaha, NE. Festival Square is
an urban, outdoor public space with programming that celebrates the arts and other activities as a
new civic destination. Our Town funding from the National Endowment for the Arts was instrumental in
bringing the project to reality. About two blocks south of the 24th and Lake Street intersection is the
new Fair Deal Marketplace, which was built on vacant land donated by the city, using Community
Economic Development funds from HHS's Office of Community Services. Constructed using recycled
shipping containers, the Fair Deal Marketplace is a new business hub with low-cost office and retail
space for small business owners and artisans along with a cafe and a small grocery store. The project
is located in a lower-income area that was considered a food desert. The $800,000 from HHS/OCS
leveraged nearly $1 million in additional investment for this underserved community from the City of
Omaha, private foundations and businesses. The city invested nearly $400,000 for property acquisition,
environmental remediation and construction of a parking lot.
¦	Provide low-income individuals access to safe and
affordable drinking water in their homes.
¦	Strengthen economic conditions and opportunities
in small, rural communities through water supply
and wastewater disposal training and technical
assistance.
¦	Construct, improve, and preserve water supply and
disposal systems in a cost-effective manner.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Provide safety and security training and technical
assistance.
¦	Improve coordination among federal, state, and
local agencies in water waste management.
¦	Improve capacity of small rural and very small water
systems to better prepare for emergencies.
¦	Develop emergency preparedness plans for small
water systems.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
multistate, regional, private, and nonprofit 501(c)(3)
tax-exempt organizations.
Available Funds:
RCD grants were awarded to eight organizations
in FY 2015. Award amounts range from $247,617
to $915,571 annually throughout a five-year project
period.
httoJ/www. acf. hhs. aov/Droarams/ocs/Droarams/rcd
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup ) Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Office of Community Services
Administration for Children and Families
330 C Street, SW
Mail Stop 5400
Washington, DC 20201
Main Site
httoJ/www. acf. hhs. aov/oroarams/ocs/
38 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Housing and Urban
Development
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The overall mission of the U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is to create
strong, sustainable, inclusive communities and quality
affordable homes for all. HUD has several brownfield-
applicable programs:
¦	Community Development Block Grant Program
(includes the Entitlement Communities Program and
several non-entitlement communities' programs).
¦	Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program.
¦	Lead Hazard Control Grant Program.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Block grants and competitive awards to state and
local governments for revitalizing communities.
¦	Federally guaranteed loans to state and local
governments for large economic development and
revitalization projects in communities.
¦	Grants to communities for integrating brownfields
redevelopment planning with transportation and
housing planning.
¦	Block grants to state and local governments for
meeting safe and affordable housing needs in
developed areas.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Community Development Block Grant Program
The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)
program in the Office of Community Planning and
Development (CPD) is a flexible program that provides
communities with resources and broad discretion in
selecting activities to address a wide range of unique
community development needs. Each activity funded
through the program must meet one of the following
statutory national objectives: benefit low- and moderate-
income persons, prevent or eliminate slums or blight,
or address community development needs having a
particular urgency because existing conditions pose a
serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of
the community for which other funding is not available.
The CDBG program began in 1974 and is one of
the longest continuously run programs at HUD. The
CDBG program provides annual grants on a formula
basis to more than 1,200 general units of local
government, states, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, and four U.S. territories.
The principal statutory objective of the CDBG program
is the development of viable urban communities, by
providing decent housing and a suitable living environ-
ment and by expanding economic opportunities,
principally for persons of low and moderate income.
The CDBG Entitlement Communities program allocates
annual grants to large cities and urban counties on a
statutory dual-formula basis. The State Administered
CDBG program awards grants to non-entitlement
communities. HUD allocates CDBG funds to the states
based on a statutory formula. The states then distribute
all funds (other than those expended for administration
and technical assistance) to non-entitlement units of
general local government. Since the State of Hawaii
has declined to participate in the CDBG state program,
HUD directly administers the non-entitlement grants
in Hawaii through the Non-Entitlement Counties of
Hawaii program. HUD Field offices in Puerto Rico and
Hawaii administer CDBG funds for American Samoa,
Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin
Islands through the CDBG Insular Areas program.
Neither HUD nor states distribute funds directly to
citizens, businesses, nonprofit organizations or other
non-government entities.
At least 70 percent of a grantee's CDBG grant funds
must be used for activities that benefit low- and
moderate-income persons over a one-, two-, or
three-year time period.
CDBG plays a vital role in many local brownfields
reuse strategies. Brownfields contribute to eroding
economic conditions, creation of blight, and reduction
of economic opportunities for low- and moderate-
income persons. CDBG funds may be used in
smaller neighborhood-based projects as well as
larger projects to aid in demolition, site cleanup,
and remediation of environmental issues such as

2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 39

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lead-based paint and asbestos. Therefore, the use
of CDBG funds to revitalize brownfields often meets
the program's goal to help low- and moderate-income
people by driving economic development or eliminat-
ing blight. For example, with support from CDBG
funds, a Burlington, Vermont, project created 40 units
(32 affordable) of mixed-income rental homes on
the Burlington waterfront. This project redeveloped
a brownfield, rectified a serious stormwater runoff
problem, and became the first LEED-certified residen-
tial project in Vermont.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entitlement
communities are cities with populations of at least
50,000 and qualified urban counties with populations
of at least 200,000. HUD awards funding on a formula
basis. Eligible non-entitlement communities are cities
with populations of less than 50,000 and qualified
urban counties with populations of less than 200,000.
States award funding based on state priorities and
selection criteria.
Limitations: Certain activities are not eligible
for CDBG funding. These include the acquisi-
tion, construction, or reconstruction of buildings for
government operations, political activities, and, with
some exceptions, construction of new housing. All
CDBG grantees must submit to HUD a Consoli-
dated Plan, which is a jurisdiction's comprehensive
planning document and application for funding under
the following CPD formula grant programs: CDBG,
HOME Investment Partnerships, Housing Opportuni-
ties for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA), and Emergency
Shelter Grants (ESG).
Availability: Congress appropriated $3.06 billion for
the CDBG program in FY 2016, including set-asides.
HUD distributes 70 percent of the CDBG formula
appropriations to entitlement communities, and the
remaining 30 percent of the formula funds go to the
states for distribution to non-entitlement small cities
and counties.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Prepare plans for redevelopment or revitalization of
brownfields.
¦	Acquire real property.
¦	Conduct environmental site assessments.
¦	Clean up contamination.
¦	Clear sites and demolish and remove buildings.
¦	Rehabilitate public and private buildings.
¦	Construct public works, including water and sewer
facilities, streets, neighborhood centers, and the
conversion of school buildings for eligible purposes.
¦	Conduct activities relating to energy conservation
and renewable energy resources.
¦	Provide assistance to profit-motivated businesses to
carry out economic development and job creation/
retention activities.
httD://Dortal.hud.aov/hudDortal/HUD?src=/Droaram
offices/comm Dlannina/communitydevelooment
CFDA Number: Entitlement Grants, 14.218; State
program and non-entitlement grants in Hawaii,
14.228; Insular Areas, 14.225
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program
The Section 108 Loan Guarantee program, a
component of the CDBG program, provides communi-
ties with a source of financing for economic develop-
ment, housing rehabilitation, construction of public
facilities, and other physical development projects,
including improvements to increase their resilience
against natural disasters. Section 108 offers state
and local governments the ability to transform a small
portion of their CDBG funds into federally guaranteed
loans to capitalize large revitalization projects that
can renew entire neighborhoods. Borrowers for
Section 108 loans are local or state governments.
Borrowers must pledge their current and future CDBG
allocations as security for the loan. Such public
investment often helps encourage private economic
investment in distressed areas. Several cities have
used the Section 108 loan program to underpin their
local brownfields strategies. For example, a CDBG
Section 108 loan helped Santa Fe Springs, California,
clean up and redevelop a closed and contaminated oil
refinery into a 265-acre industrial park with 4 million
square feet in 22 buildings, including retail and public
art components. This Golden Springs Development
created more than 4,500 jobs, including more than
700 jobs for low- and moderate-income individuals.
Eligible applicants include the following public entities:
¦ Metropolitan cities and urban counties that are
CDBG entitlement recipients.
40 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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¦	Non-entitlement communities that are assisted in
the submission of applications by states administer-
ing the CDBG program.
¦	Non-entitlement communities eligible to receive
CDBG funds under the HUD-administered Small
Cities CDBG program (Hawaii and Insular Areas).
The public entity may be the borrower or it may
designate a public agency as the borrower.
Section 108 obligations are financed through
underwritten public offerings. Financing between
public offerings is provided through an interim lending
facility established by HUD. To date, there was no
default under Section 108 resulting in a repayment
by HUD. In the event of default requiring a payment,
HUD would continue to make payments on the loan in
accordance with its terms.
Eligibility Requirements: To determine eligible uses
of funds, CDBG rules and requirements apply. As
with the CDBG program, all projects and activities
must principally benefit low- and moderate-income
persons, aid in the elimination or prevention of slums
and blight, or meet urgent needs of the community.
Limitations: CDBG entitlement communities may
borrow an amount equal to five times the recipients'
latest CDBG entitlement grant. Non-entitlement
communities may borrow an amount equal to five
times the approved CDBG amount received by their
respective state. The maximum repayment period for
a Section 108 loan is 20 years.
Availability: HUD had $300 million in guarantee
authority available in the FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Economic development activities and housing
rehabilitation eligible under CDBG.
¦	Acquisition of real property (including brownfields).
¦	Rehabilitation of publicly owned real property
(including brownfields).
¦	Construction, reconstruction, or installation of public
facilities (including street, sidewalk, and other site
improvements).
¦	Related relocation, clearance, and site improve-
ments.
¦	Payment of interest on the guaranteed loan and
issuance costs of public offerings.
¦	Debt service reserves.
¦	Public works and site improvements in colonias.
¦ Housing construction in limited circumstances.
httos://Dortal. hud, go v/hudoortal/H UP ?src=/
hudoroarams/section 108
CFDA Number: 14.248
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
1
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
J
Lead Hazard Control Grant Programs
The Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes
(OLHCHH) was established to eliminate lead-based
paint hazards in privately owned, low-income housing,
and to lead the nation in addressing other housing-
related health hazards that threaten vulnerable
residents. HUD's lead-based paint program was
established in 1991 to reduce young children's
exposure to lead paint hazards in homes.
Two grant programs, collectively called Lead Hazard
Control Grant Programs, provide funding to identify
and control lead-based paint hazards:
¦	The Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control (LBPHC)
grant program assists states, Native American
tribes, or other units of local government in
undertaking comprehensive programs to identify
and control lead-based paint hazards in eligible
privately owned rental and owner-occupied housing.
¦	The Lead Hazard Reduction Demonstration (LHRD)
grant program offers the same type of assistance
as the LBPHC grants but is targeted for urban
jurisdictions with the greatest lead-based paint
hazard control needs (for example, having over
3,500 pre-1940 occupied rental housing units in the
grant's target area).
In most recent years, additional funds have been
available for Healthy Homes Supplements that
control residential safety and health hazards other
than lead-based paint in housing units being treated
under lead hazard control grants. HUD makes funds
available annually under these grant programs
through a competitive selection process.
Eligibility Requirements: States, federally
recognized Native American tribal governments,
cities/townships, counties/parishes, and other units
of local government may apply for LBPHC and LHRD
grants. Proposed projects must address housing
privately owned and occupied by, or rented to,
low-income families. LBPHC grant recipients must
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 41

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SNAPSHOT - IRONBOUND COMMUNITY CORPORATION, NEWARK, NJ
r
The Ironbound Community Corporation (ICC) in Newark, New Jersey, used HUD Community Develop-
ment Block Grant funds (provided via the City of Newark) and an EPA Brownfields Area-Wide Planning
grant to develop a community-supported reuse plan to transform a former vacant area in the East
Ferry Street neighborhood into a community garden and open-air market. This disadvantaged neigh-
borhood has the highest concentration of minority and low income residents in the city Although it
once supported a vibrant economy, it now contains the remains of a large brewery that closed in the
1970s and many closed manufacturing operations that left behind more than 100 brownfields. The
ICC leveraged a range of additional resources for this ongoing project, including private funds to help
with personnel costs at the site; a USDA Farmer's Market Promotion Program grant; an EPA Environmen-
tal Justice small grant; and an EPA Targeted Brownfields Site Assessment.
provide a 10 percent match. LHRD grant recipients
must provide a 25 percent match.
Limitations: Multiple units of local government, or
multiple local governments, may apply as a consortium;
however, an eligible lead applicant must be identified
that will be responsible for ensuring compliance with
all requirements. In cases with an application involving
multiple entities, each entity must meet the civil rights
threshold requirement of Resolution of Civil Rights
Matters in Section III.C.2 of the General Section to
HUD's FY 2017 Notices of Funding Availability for
Discretionary Programs (httoJ/www.grants.gov).
Availability: In FY 2016, HUD made available $52.6
million for 23 LBPHC grants and $46.5 million for 15
LHRD grants.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Lead-based paint inspections and lead risk
assessments.
¦	Community awareness or education programs on
lead hazard control and lead poisoning prevention.
¦	Blood testing of children prior to lead hazard control
work.
¦	Lead hazard control work (including cleaning,
interim controls of lead-based paint hazard, and
lead-based-paint hazard abatement).
¦	Temporary relocation of families during hazard
control activities.
¦	Training for workers and supervisors.
¦	Training on lead-safe maintenance practices
for residents and others working in low-income
housing.
httD://Dortal.hud.gov/hudDortal/HUD?src=/Drogram
offices/healthy homes
CFDA Number: LBPHC, 14.900; LHRD, 14.905
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Stan Gimont
U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
451 7th Street, SW, Room 7286
Washington, DC 20410
202-708-3587 x 4559
Stanley. gimont(3>hud. gov
Steve Johnson
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Entitlement Communities Division
Office of Block Grant Assistance
451 7th Street SW, Room 7282
Washington, DC 20410
202-708-1577x4548
sieve. iohnson(S>hud. gov
[CDBG Entitlement Communities]
James Hoemann
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
State and Small Cities Division
Office of Block Grant Assistance
451 7th Street SW, Room 7184
Washington, DC 20410
202-708-1322x5716
iames.e.hoemann(S>hud.gov
[CDBG State and Small Cities Division]
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Paul Webster
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Financial Management Division
Office of Block Grant Assistance
451 7th Street SW, Room 7178
Washington, DC 20410
202-708-1871 x 4563
oaul. webstertcphud. gov
[Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program]
Bennett Hilley
Assistant Director for Credit Review
bennett. r. hillev(S>hud. gov
Benjamin C. Schwartz
benjamin, c. schwartz(cphud. gov
Michelle Miller
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes
451 SW 7th St, Room 8236
Washington DC 20410
202-402-5769
michelle. m. millertcphud. gov
[Lead Hazard Control Grant Programs]
Virginia Sardone
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Affordable Housing Programs
451 7th Street, SW, Room 7100
Washington, DC 20410
202-708-2690 x 4606
Virginia. sardone(S>hud. gov
Main Site
httoJ/oortal. hud, gov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 43

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Department of the Interior-
National Park Service
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The National Park Service (NPS) preserves natural
and cultural resources and manages the national park
system for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration
of this and future generations. The NPS cooperates
with partners to extend the benefits of natural and
cultural resource conservation and outdoor recreation
throughout this country and the world.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Assistance provided to state and local governments,
as well as community-based organizations, to assist
community-led natural resource conservation and
outdoor recreation initiatives, including those in
urban areas.
¦	Assistance to states and local governments in the
acquisition of surplus federal lands.
¦	Assistance for community revitalization.
RESOURCES
Outreach Assistance
Federal Lands to Parks Program
The NPS's Federal Lands to Parks (FLP) program
helps communities create new parks and recreation
areas by transferring surplus federal land to state and
local governments. This program helps ensure public
access to park lands and promotes good stewardship
of natural, cultural, and recreational resources.
Eligibility Requirements: States, counties,
municipalities, and similar government entities may
acquire surplus federal land for parks and recreational
areas. Private and nonprofit organizations, religious
institutions, and individuals are not eligible to
acquire surplus federal land for recreation through
the program. However, these entities may act as
advocates for the acquisition of federal lands by state
and local governments.
Limitations: Land or buildings obtained through
this program must be used for public parks and
recreational activities in perpetuity. The FLP program
periodically monitors property use and development
to make sure that parks obtained under the program
are managed according to the terms and conditions
of the deed and approved use plan.
Availability: More than 1,590 properties, represent-
ing approximately 178,470 acres, were transferred to
state and local governments for parks and recreation
areas since the program's inception in 1949. When
federal land becomes available for reuse, the General
Services Administration (or the military agency in
cases of base closures, or at times another federal
"disposing" agency) will notify other federal and
state agencies. FLP program staff review notices of
available property for park and recreation opportuni-
ties and notify relevant state, regional, and local park
agencies. Notices often are posted on military or
General Services Administration websites.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Creating or expanding public parks and recreation
areas.
¦	Providing or expanding park and recreational
amenities to camp, hike, play sports, improve
quality of life, help revitalization efforts, and attract
businesses.
¦	Protecting open spaces, extending hiking trails, and
opening boating and fishing access.
¦	Preserving historical and natural resources, such as
forts, lighthouses, shorelines, and wildlife habitat.
¦	Converting abandoned military bases into widely
used, productive recreational assets.
¦	Renewing a sense of community through
community gardens, senior and cultural centers,
and other gathering places.
httoJ/www. nos. aov/ncrc/proarams/flD
CFDA Number: 15.918
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
^ Cleanup ^
Cleanup ) Redevelopment
44 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - HUDSON RIVER GREENWAY TRAIL, NY
r
In 2012, NPS's Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance program provided technical assistance to
local communities, state agencies, and community groups in New York to designate the Hudson River
Greenway Water Trail as a National Water Trail. The 256-mile water trail, which extends from Adirondack
Park and Lake Champlain in northern New York to New York City, provides 96 designated puPlic access
sites, with at least one access point every 10 miles along Poth shores of the river. The Water Trail is part
of the Hudson River Valley Greenway Program. The trail will Pe administered Py NPS and Pecome part
of a new National Water Trails System, which was estaPlished to protect and restore America's rivers,
shorelines, and waterways; conserve natural areas along waterways; and increase access to outdoor
recreation on shorelines and waterways.
Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance Program
The NPS's Rivers, Trails, and Conservation
Assistance (RTCA) program provides technical
assistance to communities so they can conserve
rivers, preserve open space, and develop trails
and greenways. NPS staff help build partnerships
to achieve community-defined goals by assessing
resources, developing concept plans, engaging
public participation, and identifying potential sources
of funding for conservation and outdoor recreation
projects. Technical assistance is targeted to
underserved urban and rural communities. As such,
the program can complement brownfields redevelop-
ment efforts.
The NPS works with partners to provide close-to-
home outdoor recreation opportunities, conserve
lands and waters, engage youth in conservation,
support healthy community initiatives, and assist with
organizational development to ensure projects live in
perpetuity. A redevelopment project may use any or
all of these project areas at the same time.
The NPS also collaborates with EPA on the
Groundwork USA Initiative. The Groundwork USA
Initiative builds the capacity of communities affected
by brownfields and abandoned lands. EPA provides
funds to NPS for this program under an interagency
agreement. NPS awards financial assistance to
successful community-based applicants and adminis-
ters the assistance agreements. The Groundwork
USA Initiative improves a community's environment
for conservation, recreation, and economic develop-
ment by supporting the establishment of locally
organized and controlled Groundwork Trusts. Each
trust is an independent, not-for-profit conserva-
tion and youth organization. The trusts partner with
government agencies and the private sector to
engage residents in the remediation of brownfields to
build consensus on reusing these sites for community
benefit and facilitating their transformation.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible project partners
include nonprofit organizations, community groups,
tribes or tribal governments, and local, state, or
federal government agencies. Federal agencies
may be the lead partner only in collaboration with a
nonfederal partner. Projects are locally requested
and led, and should include significant public involve-
ment. Projects also should include the commitment,
cooperation, and cost-sharing of all partners.
Limitations: Generally the NPS involvement in these
partnerships lasts for two years.
Availability: Applications are accepted annually.
Check the website link below for applications.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Assisting in the development of conservation
partnerships.
¦	Providing resource assessment and identifying
potential sources of funding.
¦	Designing public outreach and participation
strategies.
¦	Helping communities achieve on-the-ground
conservation successes for their projects.
¦	Offering assistance in greenway efforts ranging
from urban promenades, to trails along abandoned
railroad rights of way, to wildlife corridors.
¦	Promoting river conservation through downtown
riverfronts, regional water trails, and stream
restoration.
httoJ/www. nos. aov/rtca
httoJ/www. aroundworkusa. org/
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 45

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CFDA Number: 15.921
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ^ Cleanup ^Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wendy Ormont
National Park Service
Federal Lands to Parks Program
1201 Eye St., NW, Floor 9
Washington, DC 20005
202-354-6915
wendv ormont(a)nDs.aov
Stephan Nofield
National Park Service
Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program
1201 Eye St., NW, Floor 9
Washington, DC 20005
202-354-6922
steohan nofield(S>nDs.aov
Main Site
httoJ/www. nos. gov
46 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of the Interior-Office
of Surface Mining Reclamation
and Enforcement
m
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The mission of the Department of the Interior's Office
of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
(OSMRE) is to carry out the requirements of the
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977,
as amended, in cooperation with states and tribes.
The primary objectives are to ensure that coal mines
are operated in a manner that protects citizens and
the environment during mining, ensures the land is
restored to beneficial use following mining, and ensures
the effects of past mining are mitigated by aggressively
pursuing reclamation of abandoned coal mines.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Provides grants to states and tribes to reclaim
land and waters impacted by legacy coal mining
activities.
¦	Manages the OSMRE/VISTA (Volunteers in Service
to America) program that supports community
efforts to promote environmental and economic
improvements. This assistance is targeted to
watershed groups and other entities eligible to apply
for grants that support brownfield redevelopment.
¦	Supports local governments in the assessment,
reclamation, and redevelopment of abandoned
mine lands.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Watershed Cooperative Agreement Program
The Watershed Cooperative Agreement Program
(WCAP) makes funds available for reclamation
projects to clean streams affected by acid mine
drainage (AMD).
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities are
nonprofit organizations and typically are small local
watershed organizations.
Limitations: Applicants can receive up to $100,000
to complete local AMD reclamation projects. Every
dollar of WCAP funds should be matched with at least
$2.50 contributed by project partners. Exceptions to
these funding levels are awarded on a case-by-case
basis, if justified.
Availability: Watershed Cooperative Agreements
are primarily for project construction and have a
two-year performance period. Between 1999 and
2016, OSMRE awarded 321 Watershed Cooperative
Agreements and amendments to existing agreements
totaling more than $27 million.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Remediation of AMD and sources of AMD. Projects
can include installation of passive or active water
treatment systems, and reclamation of lands that
are contributing sediment or acid forming materials
to streams.
¦	Construction and post-construction water quality
monitoring of a remediation project.
www. osmre.aov/lra/fam/6- 100.pdf
www, osmre. a ov/lra/fam/6-200, odf
CFDA Number: 15.253
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Redevelopment
Abandoned Mine Land Program
The Abandoned Mine Land (AML) program addresses
threats to public health, safety, and general welfare
through the reclamation of environmental hazards
caused by past mining practices.
Eligibility Requirements: Grants under the AML
program are available only to states and tribes that
have an approved reclamation program. Projects
that address polluted land and waters are eligible
for funds if mining activities occurred prior to August
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 47

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SNAPSHOT - COALFIELD DEVELOPMENT CORR WAYNE, WV
r
An OSMRE/VISTA Member is working with the Coalfield Development Corporation in Wayne, West Virginia
to develop a program that elevates people out of poverty by employing, training, and mentoring
young, low-income, or unemployed students from the public high school's Building Construction
Program. Community participants learn skills and gain experience in recycling, deconstruction, and
clean energy markets. The project also is developing a new counseling program for low-income
residents that connects families and individuals to emergency housing and transitional services,
provides affordable permanent housing, and encourages advocacy with populations in need. The
OSMRE/VISTA Member is fostering local environmental stewardship by researching watershed concerns,
new markets for recycling programs, and energy-efficient property upgrades. The OSMRE/VISTA Member
also facilitates water quality monitoring and develops strategic watershed-based planning critical to
future funding.
3, 1977; or the affected land or water was left in an
unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed state and
there is no continuing responsibility for reclamation by
the operator or any other party. Additional lands and
waters mined after August 3, 1977 or non-coal sites
may be eligible under specific circumstances.
Limitations: Each state must have an approved
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act
regulatory (Title V) program and a reclamation (Title
IV) program before it is eligible to receive AML
reclamation grant funding. Tribes are also can receive
AML funds if they have an approved reclamation
program.
Availability: Grants are provided annually to eligible
states and tribes to fund reclamation projects
identified in the electronic Abandoned Mine Land
Inventory System (eAMLIS).
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Reclamation of lands scarred by coal and non-coal
mining activities.
¦	Water supply restoration.
¦	Maintenance of an abandoned mine lands
inventory.
www. osmre.aov/Droarams/AMLshtm
www, osmre. aov/resources/g rants, shtm
CFDA Number: 15.252
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
A Redevelopment \
Outreach/Technical Assistance
OSMRE/VISTA Team
The OSMRE/VISTA program assists local watershed
and economic development groups with poverty
alleviation, environmental restoration, and capacity-
building to revitalize impacted mining communi-
ties. The OSMREA/ISTA initiative places college
graduates in full-time positions to support economic
redevelopment, environmental stewardship, and
community outreach and education programs.
Eligibility Requirements: The sponsoring organiza-
tion must demonstrate its capacity to provide effective
supervision and support of the OSMRE/VISTA
Member, adherence to the core goals for OSMRE/
VISTA, and must demonstrate community support.
Limitations: There is a small cost-share requirement
for all OSMRE/VISTA projects.
Availability: Each OSMRE/VISTA project is in place
for three years with new projects starting on a rolling
basis. Interested host organizations must complete an
application that includes a work plan and documents
the need of the community and the support of local
agencies.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Develop educational opportunities for local youth.
¦	Organize water quality monitoring.
¦	Outreach to youth and adults in the community to
create awareness about watershed issues.
¦	Create or expand local economic revitalization
efforts.
48 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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¦	Apply for grants to support the host organization's
initiatives.
¦	Recruit and organize volunteers.
www. osmrevista. org
www, osmre. aov/about/aetlnvolved. shtm
CFDA Number: 15.254
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Matthew Magruder
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
Washington, DC 20240
202-208-2836
mmaaruder(8)osmre. gov
Main Site
www.osmre.aov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 49

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Department of Labor
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) fosters,
promotes, and develops the welfare of wage earners,
job seekers, and retirees of the United States;
improves working conditions; advances opportunities
for profitable employment; and assures work-related
benefits and rights. DOL administers a variety of
federal labor laws, including those that guarantee
workers' rights to safe and healthful working
conditions, a minimum hourly wage and overtime pay,
and freedom from employment discrimination.
DOL's Employment and Training Administration
(ETA) works in partnership with states, localities, and
community organizations to assist adults and youth in
transitioning to stable jobs. The agency accomplishes
this mission by administering effective, value-added
programs that expand opportunities for employment,
continuous learning, business competitiveness, and
community prosperity.
During 2016, ETA and other federal partners -
including the Department of Education's Office
of Career, Technical and Adult Education, the
Department of Education's Rehabilitation Services
Administration, the Department of Health and Human
Services'Administration for Children and Families,
the Department of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment, and the Department of Agriculture - reviewed
the multi-year Workforce Innovation and Opportunity
Act (WIOA) Strategic Plans prepared and submitted
by the states and territories. The approved plans
are available for review and keyword research (e.g.,
green jobs, renewable energy, sector strategies,
environment, etc.) at httos://www2.ed.aov/about/
offices/list/osers/rsa/wioa/state-Dlans/index.html.
The publication of these plans—and the availability
of the final regulations published in August 2016—
established the foundation for the activities and
initiatives to be undertaken by the states and territo-
ries in the education and workforce preparation of its
residents. The regulations, policy information, and
links to partner federal agency websites can be found
at www. doleta.aov/wioa.
ETA also continues to implement the Innovation and
Opportunity Network (ION), a community of practitio-
ners, program staff, partners, planners, industry
leaders and stakeholders that strives to improve
the public workforce system and build capacity and
excellence in the public workforce system. The ION is
a national, regional, state and local alliance that makes
available the technical assistance, information sharing,
and training needed to implement the WIOA vision.
Brownfields Connection
While DOL/ETA does not execute a specific
brownfields initiative, its mission and discretionary
grant investments often complement and support
local redevelopment efforts that require workers
who are trained and skilled to handle environ-
mental cleanup and sustainable redevelopment of
brownfields. Information about the agency's grants-in-
aid can be found at www.doleta.aov/arants.
RESOURCES
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Job Training
ETA administers programs that provided training and
employment assistance to over thirteen million adult
workers and youth in Program Year 2015. WIOA and
other discretionary grant investment placements by
occupation and industry and other positive outcomes
can be found at httos J/www.doleta.aov/oerformance/
results/reports. cfm#iindividual.
DOL/ETA offers services for job seekers and
employers through over 2,400 American Job Centers
(also known as One-Stop Career Centers). Many of
these centers are located in brownfield communi-
ties and provide job seekers with job vacancies and
labor market information, job search and placement
assistance, assessment and career counseling, and
access to training. The centers also provide services
to employers to find skilled workers. Information about
these centers and the business-led local Workforce
Development Boards that provide overall strategic
direction can be found at America's Service Locator.
httoJ/www. servicelocator. org
50 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - NORTHWEST REGIONAL WORKFORCE INVESTMENT
BOARD, WATERBURY, CT
r
The Northwest Regional Workforce Investment Board (WIB) Inc., in Waterbury, Connecticut, used EPA
Environmental Workforce Development and Job Training grant funds to recruit, train, and place un-
employed and underemployed Waterbury residents, including veterans and ex-offenders, in environ-
mental jobs. Funds were used to train participants in several environmental skills areas. The Northwest
Regional WIB leveraged many additional resources through local, state, and federal sources including
the Northwest Construction Careers Initiative, the Connecticut Green Jobs Funnel Initiative, and the
Workforce Investment Act, funded by the DOL.
In August 2003, ETA issued Training and Employment
Notice 04-3 to the public workforce system on
potential collaboration opportunities on brownfields
economic development.
ETA also routinely posts information related to EPA
brownfields and other environmental investments on
its website (htto://www.doleta.aov/usworkforce). ETA
highlights its future discretionary grant opportunities
at httD://www.doleta.aov/arants/find grants.cfm.
The ETA sponsors the CareerOneStop website (htto://
www,careeronestoo.org). which provides job seekers,
businesses, students and career advisors with free
online tools, information and services.
Eligibility: Technical assistance linked to job training
and workforce development is available to brownfield
communities. State or local governments interested
in this support should contact one of ETA's regional
offices (httos://www.doleta.gov/regionsA.
Availability: Each state and local workforce area
has a Workforce Development Board that oversees
the One-Stop Career Center system in each state/
local area, develops strategic direction, and sets
investment priorities. These 585 business-led
Boards are now implementing the WIOA statute
and regulations which outline their governance and
operational responsibilities.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Division of WIOA Adult Services and Workforce
System
Office of Workforce Investment
Employment and Training Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
200 Constitution Ave., NW, Room S-4209
Washington, DC 20210
202-693-3949
DSKZpdol.gov
Main Site
htto://www. dol. gov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 51

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Department of Transportation-
Federal Highway Administration
f	&
''ATES O* v
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) works
to ensure that America's roads and highways continue
to be safe and technologically up to date. It provides
financial and technical support to state, local, and tribal
governments for constructing, improving, and preserving
America's highway system. Its budget is primarily divided
between two programs: federal-aid funding to state
and local governments, and Federal Lands Highways
funding for national parks, national forests, Indian
lands, and other land under federal stewardship. The
FHWA is committed to protecting and preserving the
environment through stewardship and timely reviews.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Encourages the appropriate consideration of
brownfields in transportation planning, FHWA's
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process,
and state-related project development process.
¦	Encourages state and local transportation agencies to
develop their improvement programs in concert with
brownfield site remediation and redevelopment efforts.
¦	Encourages transportation agency sponsors to
consider brownfield properties when siting projects
as part of redevelopment efforts.
¦	Develops working partnerships with a broad range
of environmental, state, local, and private sector
partners interested in supporting the redevelopment
of brownfields.
¦	Provides technical assistance as needed to
communities considering brownfield redevelopment
programs on how to use federal-aid highway funds
to meet program goals.
¦	Seeks cooperative partnerships between transpor-
tation, permit, and resource agencies in effective
utilization and redevelopment of brownfields, as well
as opportunities to share innovative financing and
other project responsibilities with other governmen-
tal agencies and the private sector.
¦	Explores issues concerning liability and the level of
cleanup necessary to make brownfields reusable.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement
Program
The Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement
program (CMAQ) is continued by 2015's Fixing America's
Surface Transportation Act, more commonly referred
to as the FAST Act of 2015. This program provides a
flexible funding source to state and local governments
for transportation projects and programs to help meet the
requirements of the Clean Air Act. Funding is available to
reduce congestion and improve air quality for areas that
do not meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
for ozone, carbon monoxide, or particulate matter
(non-attainment areas) and for former non-attainment
areas that are now in compliance (maintenance areas).
Through the close of CMAQ's MAP-21 period in 2015,
the CMAQ program provided more than $30 billion
to fund over 30,000 transportation-related environ-
mental projects for state DOTs, metropolitan planning
organizations, and other sponsors throughout the
United States. As with its predecessor legislation, the
FAST Act provides funding to areas in non-attainment
or maintenance for ozone, carbon monoxide, and/or
particulate matter. In addition, those states that have
no non-attainment or maintenance areas still receive a
minimum apportionment of CMAQ funding for either air
quality projects or other elements of flexible federal aid
highway spending. The FAST Act provides from $2.3 to
almost $2.5 billion in CMAQ funding for each year of the
authorization (2016 through 2020). While project eligibili-
ties remain largely the same, the legislation places
increased emphasis on diesel engine retrofits including
construction equipment, port-related landside non-road
or on- road equipment and alternative fuel infrastructure
in designated alternative fuel corridors.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include state
Departments of Transportation and local governments.
Limitations: Funds must be spent in non-attainment
or maintenance areas. Projects must reduce
the pollutant for which the area is designated as
non-attainment or maintenance. No funds may be
used to add capacity, except for high-occupancy
52 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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vehicle facilities that are available to single-occupant
vehicles only at off-peak times. Routine maintenance
and rehabilitation projects (e.g., replacement-in-kind
of track or other equipment, reconstruction of bridges,
stations, and other facilities, and repaving or repairing
roads) also are ineligible for CMAQ funding, as they
only maintain existing levels of highway and transit
service, and therefore do not reduce emissions.
Availability: CMAQ funds require a state or local
match. The typical split is 80 percent federal and 20
percent state and/or local.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Supporting transit and public transportation
programs specifically through service or system
expansion, provision of new transit service, and
financial incentives to use existing transit services.
¦	Traffic flow improvements.
¦	Travel demand management strategies.
¦	Ride-sharing programs.
¦	Pedestrian and bicycle programs.
¦	Publicly owned alternative clean fuels and vehicles.
¦	Public/private partnerships.
¦	Workforce development, training, and education
activities.
¦	Freight/Intermodal, including diesel engine retrofits.
httoJ/www. fhwa.dot. aov/environment/air aualitv/cmaa/
CFDA Number: 20.223
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Surface Transportation Block Grant for Transportation
Alternatives Program
The FAST Act of 2015 replaced FHWA's former
Transportation Alternatives program with a set-aside
of funds under the Surface Transportation Block
Grant for Transportation Alternatives Program. These
TA set-aside funds authorize funding for programs
and projects defined as transportation alternatives,
including on- and off-road pedestrian and bicycle
facilities; infrastructure projects for improving non-driver
access to public transportation and enhanced mobility;
community improvement activities such as historic
preservation and vegetation management; and environ-
mental mitigation related to stormwater and habitat
connectivity, recreational trail projects, safe routes to
school projects, and projects for planning, designing, or
constructing boulevards and other roadways largely in
the right-of-way of former divided highways.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include states.
Limitations: Fifty percent of state TA set-aside funds
is sub-allocated to areas based on their relative share
of the total State 2010 Census population through a
competitive process administered by the Metropolitan
Planning Organization in areas with populations over
200,000, or through a state's competitive process. The
remaining 50 percent is available for use in any area of
the state through a state's competitive process.
Availability: The combined funding for the TA
program for all uses is authorized at approximately
$835 million annually for FY 2016 and FY 2017. This
increases to $850 million annually for FY 2018-2020.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Construction, planning, and design of on-road and
off-road trail facilities for pedestrians, bicyclists, and
other non-motorized forms of transportation.
¦	Construction, planning, and design of safe routes
for non-drivers to access daily needs.
¦	Construction of turnouts, overlooks, and viewing areas.
¦	Vegetation management practices in transportation
rights-of-way to improve roadway safety, prevent
against invasive species, and provide erosion
control.
¦	Historic preservation and rehabilitation of historic
transportation facilities.
¦	Inventory, control, and removal of outdoor advertising.
¦	Archeological activities-related impacts related to
transportation projects.
¦	Any environmental mitigation activity to address
stormwater management, reduce vehicle-caused
wildlife mortality, or maintain connectivity among
terrestrial or aquatic habitats.
httoJ/www. fhwa.dot. aov/environment/transoortation
alternatives/
CFDA Number: 20.205
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 53

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SNAPSHOT - NORTH PORT REVITALIZATION, DUBUQUE, IA
r
Funding from DOT, including a grant from the Federal Highway Administration, was instrumental for
Dubuque's North Port revitalization. The North Port Revitalization Project was launched in 2002 and 2003
with EPA Brownfields Assessment and Cleanup grants awarded to the city. The Federal Highway Admin-
istration funding was one element of a $16 million package of funding from the DOT, which included
a Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) grant and a State of Good Repair
grant from the Federal Transit Administration. The DOT funding was used to develop a complete street,
pedestrian, and riverfront boardwalk network to support the mixed-use North Port development, historic
train depot and freight house restoration projects, and the construction of a new intermodal facility that
will serve the North Port redevelopment.
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Transportation Planning
FHWA has programs related to transportation
planning for local, rural, metropolitan, state, tribal,
federal, and citizen partners. These programs may
apply to brownfield planning and redevelopment.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Climate change and planning.
¦	Land use and transportation.
¦	Economic development.
¦	Public involvement.
¦	Smart growth and communities.
¦	Tools for planning.
¦	Environmental Justice.
Eligibility Requirements: FHWA's planning
programs provide planning assistance to local, rural,
metropolitan, state, tribal, and other federal partners.
Information is available online according to issue
and program. State and metropolitan transportation
planning processes are governed by federal law and
applicable state and local laws if federal highway or
transit funds are used for transportation investment.
httoJ/www. fhwa.dot. aov/olannina/
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup ) Redevelopment
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Constance Hill Galloway, Ph.D.
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Office of Natural Environment
Sustainable Transport and Climate Change Team
(HEPN-40)
1200 New Jersey Ave., SE
Washington, DC 20590
804-775-3378
connie. hilKcpdot. gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. fhwa.dot. gov
54 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Transportation-
Federal Transit Administration
©
ideral Transit
^ministration
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) provides
financial and technical assistance to local public
transit systems, including buses, subways, light rail,
commuter rail, trolleys and ferries. FTA also oversees
safety measures and helps develop next-generation
technology research. Transit services supported by FTA
span many groups and provide wide-ranging benefits.
Since 1964, FTA has partnered with state and local
governments to create and enhance public transporta-
tion systems, investing more than $12 billion annually
to support and expand public rail, bus, trolley, ferry and
other transit services. That investment helps modernize
public transportation and extended service into small
cities and rural communities that previously lacked
transit options. FTA supports the use of brownfields
in transportation projects as part of efforts to improve
communities through FTA transportation investments.
Because many brownfields are located in urban areas
where transit is a viable transportation option, FTA
programs can play a role in local efforts to find an
economically productive use for a brownfield site. FTA
funds are specifically designated for transit projects,
but funds also may be used to assess or clean up
any part of a brownfield site that is proposed for use
as part of a transit project. FTA shares best practices
and offers technical assistance to transit agencies
working with other state and local government
agencies on transit projects involving brownfield sites.
Brownfields Connections
¦	FTA encourages project sponsors to consider using
brownfields when identifying project sites.
¦	Transit facilities are particularly suitable for
redeveloped brownfield sites because they tend
to be located in urban areas; are not designed for
continuous human occupancy; may enhance an
area's economic redevelopment potential; and may
fall within a less restrictive land use category for
purposes of site remediation.
¦	FTA financially assists metropolitan planning
organizations that conduct transportation
investment programs in metropolitan areas affected
by brownfields.
¦	FTA provides grants to public transit agencies in urban
and non-urban areas for transit capital projects.
See FTA's Brownfields Standard Operating Procedures,
which provides guidance on assessment and acquisi-
tion considerations for property that is or may be
contaminated, available at: httos://www.transit.dot,gov/
regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/
consideration-contaminated-properties-including
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Urbanized Area Formula Funding Program (Section 5307)
The Urbanized Area Formula Funding program
makes federal funding available to designated transit
agencies in urban areas with a population of 50,000
or more. It may be used for transit planning and transit
capital projects, such as bus purchases. Funding also
is available for transit operating assistance in urban
areas with populations under 200,000.
Eligibility Requirements: Designated recipients
must be public entities with the legal authority to
receive and dispense federal funds.
Limitations: In most instances, the federal share of
the transit project cannot exceed 80 percent of the
net project cost. The federal share may be 90 percent
for the cost of vehicle-related equipment attributable
to compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) and the Clean Air Act. The federal share of a
transit operating assistance project may not exceed
50 percent of the net project cost.
Availability: Congress authorized over $4.9 billion for
these grants in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Transit planning, engineering, design, and
evaluation of transit projects and other technical
transportation-related studies.
¦	Capital investments in bus and bus-related
activities, such as replacement, overhaul,
or rebuilding; crime prevention and security
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 55

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equipment; and construction of bus maintenance
and passenger facilities.
¦ Capital investments in new and existing fixed
guideway systems, including rolling stock, overhaul
and rebuilding of vehicles, tracks, signals, communi-
cations, and computer hardware and software.
CFDA Number: 20.507
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ^ Cleanup
Formula Grants for Rural Areas (Section 5311)
Formula Grants for Rural Areas is a formula-based
transit program that provides funds to states and tribes
to support public transportation in rural areas with
populations of less than 50,000. The program also
provides funding for state and national training and
technical assistance through the Rural Transporta-
tion Assistance program. The goal of the program is to
enhance access in rural areas to health care, shopping,
education, employment, public services, and recreation;
assist in the maintenance, development, improve-
ment, and use of public transportation systems in rural
areas; encourage and facilitate the most efficient use
of transportation funds by coordinating programs and
services; provide financial assistance to help carry
out national goals related to mobility for all, including
seniors, individuals with disabilities, and low-income
individuals; increase availability of transportation
options through investments in intercity bus services;
assist in the development and support of intercity
bus transportation; encourage mobility management,
employment-related transportation alternatives, joint
development practices, and transit-oriented develop-
ment; and provide for the participation of private
transportation providers in rural public transportation.
Eligibility Requirements: Grants are awarded
to states and federally recognized Indian tribes.
Subrecipients may include state or local government
authorities, nonprofit organizations, and operators of
public transportation or intercity bus services.
Limitations: In most instances, the federal share of the
capital transit project or ADA non-fixed-route paratransit
service may not exceed 80 percent of the net project
cost. The federal share of transit operating assistance
may not exceed 50 percent of the net project cost.
Availability: Congress authorized nearly $627 million
for this program in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
Planning, capital, job access, and reverse commute
projects associated with providing public transporta-
tion in rural areas.
httos://www. transit, dot. aov/sites/fta.dot. aov/files/
docs/5311 %20Rural%20Proaram%20Fact%20
Sheet%20FAST.pdf
CFDA Number: 20.509
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Fixed Guideway Capital Investment Grants ("New
Starts" and "Core Capacity") (Section 5309)
The Fixed Guideway Transit Capital Investment Grant
(CIG) program is a discretionary grant program that
provides capital assistance for new and expanded
rapid rail, commuter rail, light rail, streetcars, bus
rapid transit, and ferry systems. It is authorized by
the 2015 Fixing America's Surface Transportation
Act, more commonly referred to as the FAST Act of
2015. The program provides funds for construction of
new fixed guideway systems or extensions to existing
systems, corridor-based bus rapid transit operating in
mixed traffic that represent a substantial investment in
the corridor, and capacity expansion projects on fixed
guideway systems that currently are at capacity or will
be within five years. A fixed guideway refers to any
transit service that operates on a separate right-of-
way exclusively for the use of public transportation, or
that includes a rail or a catenary system.
Eligibility Requirements: State and local
government agencies, including transit agencies.
Limitations: The maximum CIG share allowed under
the program's authorizing legislation is 80 percent, with
a 20 percent required local match. However, appropria-
tions law directs FTA to limit the CIG share for New
Starts and Core Capacity projects to 60 percent or less.
Availability: Congress authorized approximately $1.9
billion for this program in FY 2014.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	New fixed guideway projects or extensions
consisting of heavy rail, light rail, commuter rail,
streetcar, ferries, or bus rapid transit.
¦	Corridor-based bus rapid transit systems.
56 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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¦ Core capacity projects, which expand capacity by at least
10 percent in existing fixed guideway transit corridors
that are already at or above capacity today, or are
expected to be at or above capacity within five years.
httos://www. transit, dot. aov/sites/fta.dot. aov/files/docs/
MAP-21 Fact Sheet - Fixed Guideway Capital
Investment Grants, odf
CFDA Number: 20.500
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ing
_
Assessment
Cleanup
Buses and Bus Facilities Grants Program (Section 5339)
The Buses and Bus Facilities Grants program
provides capital funding to replace, rehabilitate,
and purchase buses and related equipment and to
construct bus-related facilities.
Eligibility Requirements: Designated recipients under
the Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula program
and states that operate or allocate funding to fixed-route
bus operators are eligible. Eligible subrecipients
include public agencies or private nonprofit organiza-
tions engaged in public transportation, including those
providing services to a segment of the general public, as
defined by age, disability, or low income.
Limitations: The federal share is 80 percent of the total
project cost, with a 20 percent required local match.
Availability: Congress authorized over $424 million
for this program in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Capital projects to replace, rehabilitate, and
purchase buses, vans, and related equipment, and
to construct bus-related facilities.
httos://www. transit, dot, aov/fundina/arants/buses-and-
bus-facilities-arants-Droaram-5339
CFDA Number: 20.526
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup
State of Good Repair Formula Grants (Section 5337)
The formula-based State of Good Repair program
is dedicated to repairing and upgrading the nation's
rail transit systems, along with high-intensity motor
bus systems that use high-occupancy vehicle lanes,
including bus rapid transit.
Eligibility Requirements: State and local
government authorities in urban areas with fixed
guideway public transportation facilities that have
been in operation for at least seven years are eligible.
Limitations: The federal share is 80 percent of the
total project cost, with a 20 percent match.
Availability: Congress authorized nearly $2.5 billion
for this program in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Capital projects to maintain a system in a state of
good repair, including projects to replace and rehabili-
tate rolling stock, track, line equipment and structures,
signals and communications, power equipment and
substations, passenger stations and terminals, security
equipment and systems, maintenance facilities and
equipment, and operational support equipment,
including computer hardware and software.
¦	Transit Asset Management Plan development and
implementation.
httoJ/www. fhwa.dot. aov/plannina/
CFDA Number: 20.525
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Metropolitan and Statewide Planning Programs
(Sections 5303, 5304, 5305)
These programs provide funding and procedural
requirements for multimodal transportation planning
in metropolitan areas and states. Planning needs
to be cooperative, continuous, and comprehen-
sive, resulting in long-range plans and short-range
programs reflecting transportation investment
priorities. The planning programs are jointly adminis-
tered by FTA and the Federal Highway Administration,
which provides additional funding.
Eligibility Requirements: State Departments of
Transportation (DOTs) and Metropolitan Planning
Organizations (MPOs) are eligible. Federal planning
funds are first apportioned to state DOTs, which then
allocate planning funding to MPOs.
Limitations: The federal share is not to exceed 80
percent of the cost of the projects funded, with a
required 20 percent nonfederal match.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 57

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SNAPSHOT - GREEN LINE EXTENSION, STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS
r
Assessment and cleanup of the Kiley Barrel site using EPA Brownfields grants helped pave the way for the
revitalization of Somerville's Union Square. The Union Square project includes the construction of a new Green
Line Station, through an agreement with the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) and
the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). The new MBTA station in Somerville is part of a much
larger project under the DOT Fixed Guideway Capital Investment Grants Program. The MBTA and MassDOT
are jointly constructing an extension to the existing Green Line Light Rail Transit route from a relocated
Lechmere Station in CamPridge to College Avenue in Medford and Union Square in Somerville. The Green
Line Extension (GLX) will operate on the exclusive right-of-way of the MBTA Commuter Rail System, adjacent
to existing commuter rail service. The project includes six at-grade stations and one elevated station; 3.7
miles of at-grade guideway and one mile of elevated guideway; reconstruction of eight Pridge structures
to maintain grade separation on the route; and the purchase of 24 light rail vehicles. The GLX project will
improve moPility for residents of Somerville, CamPridge, and Medford Py providing a one-seat transit ride
to downtown Boston and the greater Boston metropolitan area. It will serve some of the region's most
densely populated communities not currently served Py rail transit. Approximately 75,300 residents live within
one-half mile of proposed stations, 26 percent of whom do not own or have access to an automoPile.
Availability: Funds are apportioned to states by a
formula that includes each state's urban area population
in proportion to the total urban area population for the
nation, as well as other factors. States can receive no
less than 0.5 percent of the amount appropriated for the
states. These funds in turn are suballocated by states to
MPOs by a formula that considers each MPO's urban
area population, its individual planning needs, and a
minimum distribution. Congress authorized over $130
million for the program in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Supporting the economic vitality of the metropolitan
area, especially by enabling global competitiveness,
productivity, and efficiency.
¦	Increasing the safety of the transportation system
for motorized and nonmotorized users.
¦	Increasing the security of the transportation system
for motorized and nonmotorized users.
¦	Increasing the accessibility and mobility of people
and freight.
¦	Protecting and enhancing the environment,
promoting energy conservation, improving the quality
of life, and promoting consistency between transpor-
tation improvements and state and local planned
growth and economic development patterns.
¦	Enhancing the integration and connectivity of the
transportation system, across and between modes,
for people and freight.
¦	Promoting efficient system management and operation.
¦	Emphasizing the preservation of the existing
transportation system.
httos://www. transit, dot. gov/sites/fta.dot. aov/files/
docs/5303-5304-5305 Program Metropolitan and
Statewide Planning Fact Sheet FINAL.odf
CFDA Number: 20.505
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Antoinette Quagliata, LEED AP
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Transit Administration
Office of Planning and Environment
1200 New Jersey Ave., SE
East Building - Room E45-339
Washington, DC 20590
202-366-4265
antoinette. guagliata(cpdot. gov
Main Site
htto://www. fta.dot. gov
For complete details on all of FTA's grant programs
see www, transit, dot, gov/grants.
58 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Department of Transportation-
Office of the Secretary
f	&
'Ates O* v
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT)
Office of the Secretary (OST) oversees the formula-
tion of national transportation policy and promotes
intermodal transportation. Other responsibilities
include negotiating and implementing international
transportation agreements, assuring the fitness of
U.S. airlines, enforcing airline consumer protection
regulations, issuing regulations to prevent alcohol
and illegal drug misuse in transportation systems, and
preparing transportation legislation.
DOT encourages state and local transportation
agencies to address community brownfields redevel-
opment in transportation planning and other project
development processes. Transportation agencies may
spend federal transportation funds on the assessment
and cleanup of contaminated sites, provided that the
activity is part of an "eligible transportation project" and
makes "transportation sense."
Brownfields Connection
Provides grants, loans, and credit assistance to invest
in innovative road, rail, transit, and port projects that
incorporate livability and sustainability principles.
These principles improve economic competitiveness
by expanding transportation connections and choices
for communities across the nation that are impacted
by brownfields.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Transportation Investment Generating Economic
Recovery (TIGER) Grants
The Transportation Investment Generating Economic
Recovery, or TIGER Discretionary Grant program,
provides a unique opportunity for DOT to build
and repair critical pieces of the nation's freight and
passenger transportation networks. These grants
support innovative projects, including multimodal and
multijurisdictional projects, which are difficult to fund
through traditional federal programs. Successful TIGER
projects leverage resources, encourage partnership,
catalyze investment and growth, fill a critical void in the
transportation system or provide a substantial benefit
to the nation, region or metropolitan area in which the
project is located. Funds are leveraged from private
sector partners, states, local governments, metropoli-
tan planning organizations, and transit agencies. The
2016 TIGER round alone leveraged nearly $500 million
in federal investment to support $1.74 billion in overall
transportation investments.
Eligibility Requirements: TIGER grants are offered
on a competitive basis directly to: state, local, and
tribal governments, including U.S. territories; transit
agencies; port authorities; metropolitan planning
organizations; and other political subdivisions of state
or local governments.
Limitations: In 2016, all TIGER grants were awarded
for capital projects; no funding was dedicated to the
planning, preparation, or design of capital projects.
For projects located in urban areas, the minimum
award was $5 million. For projects located in rural
areas, the minimum award was $1 million. The
maximum award, by law, was $100 million and no
more than $100 million could be awarded to projects
in a single state. No less than twenty-percent of all
awarded funds must be used for projects in rural areas.
Uses/Applications Include:
Eligible projects for 2016 TIGER Discretionary grants
were capital projects that included:
¦	Highway and bridge improvements eligible under
Title 23, including bicycle and pedestrian related
projects.
¦	Public transportation projects eligible under Chapter
53 Title 39.
¦	Passenger and freight rail transportation projects.
¦	Port infrastructure (including inland port infrastructure).
¦	Intermodal projects.
Availability: The availability of TIGER funds is
subject to annual congressional appropriations. For
current status, visit the TIGER website listed below.
httoJ/www. dot, aov/tiaer/
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 59

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CFDA Number: 20.933
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Build America Bureau
In July 2016, DOT established the Build America
Bureau to enhance transportation infrastructure
development projects in the United States by
streamlining credit and grant opportunities while
providing technical assistance and encourag-
ing innovative best practices in project planning,
financing, delivery, and monitoring. The Build
America Bureau will be DOT'S one-stop shop to help
develop projects and provide financing in a single
streamlined, effective, and comprehensive manner.
It will allow DOT to be responsive to America's
changing transportation needs and opportunities, so
it can deliver real, tangible infrastructure development
for local, regional, and national population centers.
The Bureau administers, among other things, the
Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation
Act (TIFIA) and Railroad Rehabilitation and Improve-
ment Financing (RRIF) loan programs, and the new
$800 million FASTLANE grant program all within the
Office of the Undersecretary for Transportation for
Policy.
Transportation infrastructure Finance and Innovation
Act Credit Assistance
The Transportation Infrastructure Finance and
Innovation Act (TIFIA) credit assistance program
helps finance many types of transportation infrastruc-
ture projects, including highway, transit, passenger
rail, capital investments for intelligent transporta-
tion systems, certain freight and port facilities,
surface transportation facilities at airports, as well
as combinations of related transportation improve-
ments of these types, and surface transportation
projects in rural areas. The TIFIA program maximizes
limited federal resources to deliver large infrastruc-
ture investments. It provides secured loans, loan
guarantees, and lines of credit to eligible applicants
seeking assistance.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants
include public or private entities seeking to finance,
design, construct, own, or operate an eligible surface
transportation project. All applicants must meet
various federal standards for participation in a federal
credit program as well as modal-specific require-
ments, among other factors, to receive TIFIA credit
assistance.
Limitations: Eligible project costs include the
following:
¦	Development phase activities, including planning,
feasibility analysis, revenue forecasting, environ-
mental review, permitting, preliminary engineer-
ing and design work, and other pre-construction
activities;
¦	Construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, replace-
ment, and acquisition of real property (including land
related to the project and improvements to land),
environmental mitigation, construction contingen-
cies, and acquisition of equipment; and
¦	Capitalized interest necessary to meet market
requirements, reasonably required reserve funds,
capital issuance expenses, and other carrying costs
during construction.
Uses/Applications Include: Highway, transit,
passenger rail, certain freight facilities, certain port
projects, and rural infrastructure projects may receive
credit assistance through the TIFIA program.
CFDA Number: 20.223
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment > Cleanup
Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing
The Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement
Financing (RRIF) program provides direct federal
loans and loan guarantees to finance the develop-
ment of railroad infrastructure. Priority is given
to projects that provide public benefits, including
benefits to public safety, the environment, and
economic development.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible borrowers include
railroads, state and local governments, government-
sponsored authorities and corporations, joint ventures
that include at least one railroad, and limited option
freight shippers who intend to construct a new rail
connection.
60 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Limitations: Direct loans can fund up to 100 percent
of a railroad project with repayment periods of up
to 35 years and interest rates equal to the cost of
borrowing to the government.
Uses/Applications Include:
RRIF funding may be used to:
¦	Acquire, improve, or rehabilitate intermodal or rail
equipment or facilities, including track, components
of track, bridges, yards, buildings and shops;
¦	Refinance outstanding debt incurred for the
purposes listed above; and
¦	Develop or establish new intermodal or railroad
facilities.
httos://www. transportation, aov/buildamerica
CFDA Number: 20.316
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Nationally Significant Freight and Highways Program
DOT'S Nationally Significant Freight and Highways
program (FASTLANE) was established in the Fixing
America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act to
fund critical freight and highway projects across the
country. It provides dedicated, discretionary funding
for projects that address critical freight issues facing
our nation's highways and bridges. It is also in line
with DOT'S draft National Freight Strategic Plan
released in October 2015, which looks at challenges
and identifies strategies to address impediments to
the efficient flow of goods throughout the nation.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants for
grants under the Nationally Significant Freight and
Highways program are 1) a state or group of states;
2) a metropolitan planning organization that serves
an Urbanized Area (as defined by the Bureau of the
Census) with a population of more than 200,000
individuals; 3) a unit of local government or group
of local governments; 4) a political subdivision of
a State or local government; 5) a special purpose
district or public authority with a transportation
function, including a port authority; 6) a federal
land management agency that applies jointly with a
state or group of states; 7) a tribal government or a
consortium of tribal governments; or 8) a multi-state
or multijurisdictional group of public entities. Multiple
states or jurisdictions that submit a joint application
should identify a lead applicant as the primary point of
contact. Each applicant in a joint application must be
an Eligible Applicant. Joint applications should include
a description of the roles and responsibilities of each
applicant and should be signed by each applicant.
Limitations: For large projects, these grants must
be at least $25 million. For small projects, the
grants must be at least $5 million. For both large
and small projects, maximum awards may not
exceed 60 percent of future eligible project costs.
While 10 percent of available funds are reserved for
small projects, 90 percent of funds are reserved for
large projects. Total federal assistance for a project
receiving a grant may not exceed 80 percent of the
future eligible project costs.
Uses/Applications Include:
Eligible projects for 2016 grants include:
¦	Highway freight projects carried out on the National
Highway Freight Network (23 U.S.C. 167).
¦	Highway or bridge projects carried out on the
National Highway System (NHS), including projects
that add capacity on the Interstate System to
improve mobility or projects in a national scenic
area
¦	Railway-highway grade crossing or grade
separation projects
¦	Freight projects that are an intermodal or rail
project, or within the boundaries of a public or
private freight rail, water (including ports), or
intermodal facility.
¦	Eligible project costs include costs for:
-	Construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and
acquisition of property (including land related to
the project and improvements to the land).
-	Environmental mitigation, construction
contingencies, equipment acquisition, and
operational improvements directly related to
system performance.
-	Developmental phase activities, including
planning, feasibility analysis, revenue forecast-
ing, environmental review, preliminary engineer-
ing, design, and other preconstruction activities,
provided the project meets statutory requirements.
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SNAPSHOT - HISTORIC MILLWORK DISTRICT, DUBUQUE, IA
DOT awarded a $5.6 million TIGER grant to the City of Dubuque for a Complete Streets project to
help create a vibrant environment for the people that live and work in the Historic Millwork District in
downtown Dubuque. The objective of the project is to design streets that are attractive, convenient and
safe for a broad range of users, including drivers, public transit, pedestrians, bicyclists, people without
access to automobiles, children, and people with disabilities. It will improve connectivity and provide
greater access for people who are transit-dependent. As many as 60 percent of the new residents
within the Historic Millwork District are estimated to be traveling to work downtown and the project will
allow them to more conveniently and safely walk, bike or take transit to work. The project will improve
livability in the Millwork District by reducing commute times and providing new and improved travel
options for walkers, bicyclists and transit riders.
httosJ/www. transportation, aov/buildamerica/
FASTLANEarants
CFDA Number: 20.934
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Jodie Misiak
U.S. Department of Transportation
Office of the Secretary of Transportation
1200 New Jersey Ave, SE
Washington, DC 20590
202-366-2610
jodie.misiak@dot.gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. dot, gov
62 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Environmental Protection Agency , ^
VPpo^
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is to protect human health and the
environment. EPA's purpose is to ensure that:
¦	All Americans are protected from significant risks to
human health and the environment where they live,
learn, and work.
¦	National efforts to reduce environmental risk are
based on the best available scientific information.
¦	Federal laws protecting human health and the
environment are enforced fairly and effectively.
¦	Environmental protection is an integral consider-
ation in U.S. policies concerning natural resources,
human health, economic growth, energy, transpor-
tation, agriculture, industry, and international
trade, and these factors are similarly considered in
establishing environmental policy.
¦	All parts of society - communities, individuals,
businesses, and state, local and tribal governments -
have access to accurate information sufficient to
participate effectively in managing human health
and environmental risks.
¦	Environmental protection contributes to making our
communities and ecosystems diverse, sustainable,
and economically productive.
Brownfields Connections
¦	Grants to assess site contamination.
¦	Grants to carry out cleanup activities at brownfields.
¦	Capital to establish revolving loan funds (RLFs).
¦	Funds to develop environmental job training for
residents of communities affected by brownfields.
¦	Grants to conduct brownfield area-wide planning
activities.
¦	Grants to establish and enhance state and tribal
response programs.
¦	Outreach and technical assistance to brownfield
communities.
¦	Grants to capitalize RLFs to correct or prevent
water quality problems.
¦	Grants to advance the restoration of urban waters.
¦	Grants and technical assistance to promote sustain-
able and equitable development.
OFFICE OF BROWNFIELDS AND LAND
REVITALIZATION
EPA actively promotes the cleanup and reuse of
brownfields through the Office of Brownfields and
Land Revitalization (OBLR). EPA's Brownfields
Program is designed to empower states, communi-
ties, and other economic development stakeholders to
work together in a timely manner to prevent, assess,
safely clean up, and sustainably reuse brownfields.
The EPA Brownfields Program encourages the
redevelopment of America's abandoned and contami-
nated brownfields through its annual grant programs,
as well as its many outreach and technical assistance
programs.
Since the inception of EPA's Brownfields Program in
1995, cumulative brownfield program investments
leveraged more than $22 billion from a variety of
public and private sources for cleanup and redevelop-
ment activities. This equates to an average of $17.79
leveraged per EPA brownfield dollar expended. In
addition, 7.3 jobs are leveraged per $100,000 of EPA
brownfields funds expended on assessment, cleanup,
and revolving loan fund cooperative agreements.
These investments resulted in approximately 117,525
jobs nationwide. For a brief overview of the economic
benefits of brownfields redevelopment, see: httos://
www. eoa.aov/brownfields/brownfields-Droaram-
accomolishments-and-benefits
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
EPA's Brownfields Program provides direct funding
for brownfields assessment, cleanup, RLF capital-
ization, area-wide planning, and environmental
workforce development. To facilitate the leveraging of
public resources, the program collaborates with other
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 63

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EPA programs, federal partners, and state agencies
to identify and make available resources that can
be used for brownfields and community revitaliza-
tion activities. EPA provides funding for the following
grants:
Assessment Grants
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
state and local governments; land clearance
authorities and other quasi-governmental entities;
government entities created by state legislature;
regional councils and groups of local governments;
redevelopment agencies; Indian tribes other than
in Alaska; and Alaska Native Regional Corpora-
tions, Alaska Native Village Corporations, and the
Metlakatla Indian Community.
Limitations: An applicant may apply annually for one
community-wide hazardous substances assessment
grant and one community-wide petroleum
assessment grant. Applicants applying for community-
wide assessment grants for both hazardous
substances and petroleum also may apply for one
site-specific assessment grant each year. Coalitions
of three or more eligible entities may apply for a
single community-wide assessment grant. Coalition
members may not apply for any other assessment
grants in the same year.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tvDes-brownfields-
arant-fundina#tab-2
Availability: Applicants may apply for grants of up
to $200,000 for assessing sites contaminated with
hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants
(including hazardous substances co-mingled with
petroleum) or up to $200,000 for assessing sites
contaminated with petroleum. Applicants applying for
both hazardous and petroleum funding are limited
to up to a total of $300,000, where the amount of
hazardous substances or petroleum cannot exceed
$200,000 for any individual type of grant funding.
Coalitions of three or more eligible parties may submit
one assessment grant proposal for up to $600,000
under the name of the lead coalition member. EPA
awarded 139 brownfields assessment grants totaling
$31.2 million in FY 2016.
Site-specific assessment grant proposals are
appropriate when the applicant identifies a specific
site and plans to spend grant funds to address
conditions only at that one site. For a site-specific
brownfields assessment grant proposal, applicants
may seek a waiver of the $200,000 limit and request
up to $350,000 for a single site. Such waivers must
be based on the anticipated level of hazardous
substances, pollutants, or contaminants (including
hazardous substances co-mingled with petroleum)
or petroleum at the site. The performance period for
brownfields assessment grants is up to three years.
An applicant may submit a community-wide
assessment grant proposal when the requested
assessment grant is not targeted to a specific site or if
the applicant plans to spend grant funds on more than
one brownfield in the community.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Inventory sites.
¦	Characterize and prioritize sites.
¦	Assess sites.
¦	Conduct community involvement activities related to
brownfields.
¦	Conduct area-wide planning for brownfields.
¦	Conduct cleanup planning.
¦	Conduct redevelopment planning.
¦	Conduct health monitoring (local governments only).
¦	Monitor and enforce institutional controls (local
governments only).
¦	Develop and implement assessment programs.
¦	Purchase environmental insurance (local
governments only).
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Cleanup ) Redevelopment
Cleanup Grants
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
state and local governments; land clearance
authorities and other quasi-governmental entities;
government entities created by the state legislature;
regional councils and groups of local governments;
redevelopment agencies; nonprofit organizations;
Indian tribes other than in Alaska; and Alaska
Native Regional Corporations, Alaska Native Village
Corporations, and the Metlakatla Indian Community.
An applicant must own the site that is the subject
of the grant proposal or obtain sole ownership by a
deadline specified in proposal guidelines.
Limitations: Each year, eligible applicants may apply
for up to three site-specific cleanup grants of up to
64 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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$200,000 each. Cleanup grants require a 20 percent
cost share, which may be in the form of a contribution
of money, labor, material, or services, and must be for
eligible and allowable costs. An applicant may request
that EPA waive the 20 percent cost-share requirement
based on hardship. Prior to submitting proposals,
applicants must complete a Phase II site assessment
using theASTM E1903-11 standard or equivalent
assessment.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tvDes-brownfields-
arant-fundina#tab-4
Availability: Applicants may submit proposals
for grants of up to $200,000 to carry out cleanup
activities at a brownfield site contaminated by
hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants
(including hazardous substances co-mingled with
petroleum), and up to $200,000 for a brownfield site
contaminated by petroleum. The performance period
for brownfields cleanup grants is up to three years.
EPA awarded 59 brownfields cleanup grants totaling
approximately $11.0 million in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Carry out cleanup activities.
¦	Oversee cleanup construction activities.
¦	Conduct environmental monitoring of cleanup work.
¦	Conduct health monitoring (local governments only).
¦	Monitor and enforce institutional controls (local
governments only).
¦	Conduct program development and implementation
activities.
¦	Purchase environmental insurance (local
governments only).
¦	Consider climate change and site vulnerabilities in
cleanup and reuse planning.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
_
Assessment
Redevelopment
Revolving Loan Fund Grants
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
state and local governments; land clearance authori-
ties and other quasi-governmental entities; government
entities created by state legislature; regional councils
and groups of local governments; redevelopment
agencies; Indian tribes other than in Alaska; and
Alaska Native Regional Corporations, Alaska Native
Village Corporations, and the Metlakatla Indian
Community. Coalitions and single applicants are
eligible to submit a proposal for an RLF grant.
Limitations: RLF grants provide funding to capitalize
a revolving loan fund, make low-interest or no-interest
loans for brownfields cleanups, and provide subgrants
to eligible entities to carry out cleanup activities at
brownfield sites. At least 50 percent of the awarded
funds must be used to capitalize and implement
an RLF for loans. RLF grants require applicants to
provide a 20 percent cost share, which may be in the
form of a contribution of money, labor, material, or
services, and must be for eligible and allowable costs.
Applicants may request a waiver of the 20 percent
cost share requirement based on hardship.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tvDes-brownfields-
arant-fundina#tab-3
Availability: An applicant may request up to $1
million to capitalize an RLF. Coalitions of eligible
entities may apply together as one applicant for up
to $1 million per eligible entity. The performance
period for brownfields RLF grants is five years. EPA
awarded 14 brownfields revolving loan fund grants
totaling approximately $11.1 million in FY 2016. EPA
also awarded $10.7 million in revolving loan fund
supplemental funding to 33 high-performing revolving
loan fund grantees in FY 2016. RLF grants typically
are made available every other year; consequently,
EPA does not plan to issue a solicitation request for
RLF grants in FY2017.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Capitalize an RLF and provide low-interest or
no-interest loans and subgrants to carry out cleanup
activities at brownfield sites.
¦	Award subgrants to clean up sites contaminated
with petroleum and/or hazardous substances,
pollutants, or contaminants (including hazardous
substances co-mingled with petroleum).
¦	Conduct programmatic management of the grant.
¦	Perform health monitoring activities at brownfield
sites (local governments only).
¦	Monitor and enforce institutional controls (local
governments only).
¦	Conduct program development and implementation
activities.
¦	Purchase environmental insurance (local
governments only).
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 65

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CFDA Number: 66.818
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment

Redevelopment
Area-Wide Planning Grants
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
local governments; land clearance authorities and
other quasi-governmental entities; regional councils
and groups of local governments; government entities
created by state legislature; redevelopment agencies;
states that are serving in a fiscal and administrative
capacity on behalf of a local community; Indian tribes
other than in Alaska; Alaska Native Regional Corpora-
tions, Alaska Native Village Corporations, and the
Metlakatla Indian Community; and nonprofit organiza-
tions, including institutions of higher education.
Coalitions and single applicants are eligible to submit
a proposal for an area-wide planning grant.
Limitations: Area-wide planning grants are designed
to assist predominantly underserved and economi-
cally disadvantaged communities. This may include
low-income, minority, and/or economically distressed
residents living in areas that face a disproportionate
level of environmental degradation, social inequities,
historic under-representation, economic stagnation, and/
or recent economic disruption (e.g., closure of assembly
or manufacturing plants, resulting in recent and signifi-
cant local job loss). Eligible uses of EPA assistance
under the area-wide planning grant competition include
direct costs necessary to facilitate community involve-
ment and provide research, training, and technical
assistance. Other eligible uses include the develop-
ment of plans and implementation strategies to facilitate
brownfields assessment, cleanup, and subsequent
reuse. Each project must result in a final report
accompanying the area-wide plan and identification of
next steps and resources needed for implementation.
Project periods of up to 24 months are allowed. Individu-
als, profit-making firms, and the FY 2010 and FY 2013
EPA Brownfields Area-Wide Planning Grant program
recipients are not eligible to apply. In FY17, previous
recipients of a brownfields area-wide planning grant also
were ineligible to apply unless they were a POWER+
community applicant with a brownfields project area
that included a recently closed (2008 or later) or closing
coal-fired power plant.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tvDes-brownfields-
arant-fundina#tab-5
Proposal guidelines for brownfields assessment,
cleanup, revolving loan fund, and area-wide
planning grants can be found at httos://www.epa.gov/
brownfields/aoolv-brownfields-arant-fundina.
Availability: An applicant may request up to $200,000
in EPA assistance for area-wide planning within a
specific brownfields-impacted area, such as a neighbor-
hood, district, city block, or corridor. For the purposes
of this assistance, a brownfields-impacted area is an
area that is affected by a single large brownfield or
multiple brownfields, and where revitalization of the
area surrounding the brownfield(s) is critical to the
successful reuse of the property (or properties). EPA
awarded approximately $3.8 million in area-wide
planning grants to 19 communities in FY 2017.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Identifying community priorities related to near- and
long-term brownfields cleanup, reuse, and area
revitalization.
¦	Evaluating existing conditions of the project area,
such as local brownfields market potential, needed
infrastructure improvements, existing environmental
data and health risks.
¦	Researching other applicable community or regional
plans for coordination purposes.
¦	Developing strategies for brownfields assessment,
cleanup, reuse, and related improvements and
consolidating them into an area-wide plan.
¦	Considering climate change and area vulnerability as
part of area-wide planning grant-funded activities.
¦	Identifying resources or leveraging opportunities as
implementation strategies, and incorporating them
into the brownfields area-wide plan.
¦	Building the capacity of local communities to be
effectively involved in the development of the
brownfields area-wide plan.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
^ Cleanup ^ Redevelopment ^
Environmental Workforce Development and Job
Training Grants Program
EPA's Environmental Workforce Development and
Job Training (EWDJT) program aims to advance
principles of environmental justice by ensuring that
residents living in communities historically affected by
brownfields, and the economic disinvestment, health
66 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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disparities, and environmental contamination that
come along with them, are provided an opportunity to
take advantage of the benefits of jobs created from
revitalization efforts in these areas.
EPA provides funds to eligible entities to deliver
environmental workforce development and job
training programs that recruit and train unemployed
and underemployed residents of communities
impacted by the presence of brownfields and place
them in environmental jobs. EWDJT programs focus
on various aspects of hazardous and solid waste
management, as well as areas within the larger
environmental field, including sustainable cleanup
and reuse, water quality improvement, chemical
safety, and pesticide management.
Through FY 2016, EPA funded 274 job training grants
totaling over $57 million through the EWDJT program.
Since the program's inception, more than 16,100
individuals have completed training. Of those, more
than 11,800 individuals secured employment in the
environmental field, with an average starting wage of
over $14 an hour. This equates to a cumulative job
placement rate of 73 percent.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
state and local governments; land clearance
authorities and other quasi-governmental entities;
government entities created by state legislature;
regional councils or groups of local governments;
redevelopment agencies; nonprofit organizations;
Indian tribes other than in Alaska; and Alaska
Native Regional Corporations, Alaska Native Village
Corporations, and the Metlakatla Indian Community.
Workforce Investment Boards and organized
labor unions that meet the criteria may be eligible
nonprofit organizations. Public and nonprofit private
educational institutions are eligible to apply.
Limitations: Applicants who received an EPA
EWDJT grant in FY 2016 were not eligible to apply for
FY 2017 grants.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tvDes-brownfields-
arant-fundina#tab-6
Availability: An eligible entity may apply for up to
$200,000 in EPA assistance. The performance period
is three years. EPA awarded approximately $3.5 million
in EWDJT grants to 18 communities in FY 2016.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ Recruit job training participants from communities
impacted by hazardous and/or solid waste facilities
and contaminated properties.
¦	Conduct job development outreach activities
directed toward engaging prospective employers
to become involved in the job training program and
hire graduates.
¦	Train residents of impacted communities in the
handling and removal of hazardous substances
and petroleum, including health and safety certifica-
tion training and training for jobs in environmental
sampling, analysis, and site remediation.
¦	Train participants in the assessment, inventory,
analysis, and remediation of sites or facilities at
which hazardous substances, pollutants, contami-
nants, and petroleum are located, transported, or
disposed of, including training for jobs in environ-
mental sampling, demolition, underground storage
tank removal, groundwater extraction, and site
remediation associated with brownfields.
¦	Train participants in solid waste management or
cleanup; Superfund site cleanup and innovative
and alternative treatment technologies; wastewater
treatment; emergency planning, preparedness,
and response; enhanced environmental health and
safety; and integrated pest management.
¦	Train participants in use of compost and soil
amendments, plus associated sampling, testing,
design considerations, and management techniques
to support the assessment and cleanup of sites for
urban agriculture and horticulture; planning and
conducting ecological restoration of contaminated
land and reuse of biosolids and other industry
residuals associated with remediation of contami-
nated lands or solid waste facilities.
¦	Train participants in the requirements and conduct
of "all appropriate inquiries" and due diligence,
which can be defined as the process of evaluating a
property for the potential presence of environmental
contamination and assessing potential liability for
any contamination present at the property.
¦	Provide skills in innovative technologies, green
remediation techniques, recycling of demolition
materials, installation of solar panels and other
renewable energy systems, preparation of sites
for water or stormwater management systems,
low-impact development, and LEED certification
and other relevant activities.
Proposal guidelines for brownfields assessment,
cleanup, revolving loan fund, area-wide planning
and environmental workforce development and job
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 67

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training grants can be found at https://www.eoa.gov/
brownfields/aoolv-brownfields-arant-fundina.
CDFA Number: 66.815
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
	\
¦ Redevelopment )
	/
State and Tribal Response Programs
Section 128(a) of the Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA), as amended, authorizes a noncompetitive
$50 million grant program to establish and enhance
state and tribal response programs. State and tribal
response programs oversee assessment and cleanup
activities at the majority of brownfield sites across
the country. CERCLA 128(a) response program
grants are funded with categorical State and Tribal
Assistance Grant (STAG) appropriations. Section
128(a) cooperative agreements are awarded and
administered by EPA Regional offices.
The four required elements of a state or tribal
response program are: (1) timely survey and
inventory of brownfield sites on state or tribal land;
(2) oversight and enforcement authorities or other
mechanisms and resources; (3) mechanisms and
resources to provide meaningful opportunities for
public participation; and (4) mechanisms for approval
of a cleanup plan and verification and certification that
cleanup is complete. State and tribal recipients may
use the funding to start or enhance a new response
program and to meet public record requirements
established in the statute. States and tribes also may
use funding to increase the number of sites at which
response actions are conducted or perform activities
that add or improve a response program. In addition,
the funds can be used to oversee cleanups, conduct
site-specific activities, purchase environmental
insurance or other insurance mechanisms to provide
financing for cleanup activities.
Eligibility Requirements: To be eligible for funding, a
state or tribe must: (1) demonstrate that its response
program includes, or is taking reasonable steps to
include, the four elements of a response program, or be
a party to a voluntary response program memorandum
of agreement with EPA; and (2) maintain and make
available to the public a record of sites at which
response actions were completed in the previous year
and are planned to address in the coming year.
Limitations:
¦	Absent EPA approval, states and tribes cannot
allocate more than $200,000 per site for
assessments, and no more than $200,000 per site
can be used for cleanups.
¦	A state or tribe may not use the awarded funds
to assess and clean up sites that are owned or
operated by the recipient or held in trust by the U.S.
government for the recipient.
¦	In most cases, assessments and cleanups cannot
be conducted at sites where the state or tribe is a
potentially responsible party (see grant guidance for
exceptions).
¦	Subgrants cannot be awarded to entities that may
be potentially responsible parties under CERCLA.
Availability: For FY 2017, EPA considered funding
requests of up to $1 million per state or tribe.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Develop legislation, regulations, procedures,
guidance, etc., to establish or enhance the adminis-
trative and legal structure of a response program.
¦	Establish and maintain the required public record.
¦	Capitalize an RLF for brownfields cleanup.
¦	Purchase environmental insurance or develop a
risk-sharing pool, indemnity pool, or insurance
mechanism to provide financing for response
actions under a state or tribal response program.
¦	Conduct limited site-specific activities, such as
assessment or cleanup, provided such activities
establish and/or enhance the response program
and are tied to the four elements.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/brownfields-state-
local-tribal-iinformation
Technical Assistance
Targeted Browntields Assessment Program
EPA's Targeted Brownfields Assessment (TBA)
Program is designed to minimize the uncertainties of
contamination often associated with brownfields. The
program is tailored to entities that do not have EPA
brownfields assessment grants. TBA is not a grant
program, and EPA does not provide TBA funding
directly to the entity requesting the services. The TBA
program provides technical services through an EPA
contractor to conduct environmental assessment
activities. TBA assistance is available through two
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sources: directly from EPA through programs adminis-
tered by EPA Regional brownfields offices, and from
state or tribal voluntary response programs using
funds provided by EPA.
Eligibility Requirements: TBA funds may be
used only at properties eligible for EPA brownfields
funding. Property owners can include state, local,
and tribal governments; general purpose units of
local government; land clearance authorities and
other quasi-governmental entities; regional councils
and redevelopment agencies; states; and nonprofit
organizations.
Limitations: Unless there is a clear means of
recouping EPA expenditures, EPA generally will not
fund TBAs at properties where the owner is responsi-
ble for the contamination. The TBA program does
not provide resources to conduct cleanup or building
demolition activities.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/tameted-brownfields-
assessments-tba
Availability: The TBA selection process varies
with each EPA Region and by each state and tribal
voluntary response program. The selection process is
guided by Regional and state criteria.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	An "all appropriate inquiries" Phase I environmental
site assessment, including a historical investigation
and a preliminary site inspection.
¦	A more in-depth (Phase II) environmental site
assessment, including sampling activities to identify
the types and concentrations of contaminants and
the areas of contamination to be cleaned.
¦	Evaluation of cleanup options and/or cost estimates
based on future uses and redevelopment plans.
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Brownfields and Land Revitalization Technology
Support Center
EPA created the Brownfields and Land Revitalization
Technology Support Center (BTSC) in 1998 to help
decision-makers evaluate strategies to streamline the
site investigation and cleanup process, identify and
review information about complex technology options,
evaluate contractor capabilities and recommenda-
tions, and explain complex technologies to communi-
ties. BTSC helps eligible parties when traditional
site assessment and cleanup approaches are too
time-consuming and expensive to support the
redevelopment of brownfield sites. Services fall into
two categories: direct support services and informa-
tion requests.
Eligibility Requirements: Direct support is available
to state and local governments, tribes, brownfields
grantees, EPA regional coordinators, EPA remedial
project managers, EPA on-scene coordinators,
and other EPA regional staff. Information about site
investigation and cleanup activities is available to
all brownfields stakeholders, including real estate
professionals, financial institutions, and other private
redevelopment interests; engineers, consultants, and
other private remediation professionals; potentially
responsible parties; affected communities; and
members of the public.
Limitations: Local and state government personnel,
EPA personnel, tribes, and nonprofits with active EPA
brownfield cleanup grants may request site-specific
support for brownfield sites from the BTSC at no cost.
Other nongovernment organizations may submit only
information requests.
httosJ/brownfieldstsc. org/
Availability: The BTSC offers two services: direct
support and response to information requests. Direct
support is available only to the entities described
above. Information about site investigation and cleanup
activities is available to all brownfields stakeholders.
Services provided by BTSC include:
¦	Review and comment on project documents,
such as requests for proposals, work plans, field
sampling plans, and quality assurance plans.
¦	Facilitate the consideration and use of the Triad
approach for site investigations.
¦	Provide information about field-based technologies
for site assessment and cleanup.
¦	Identify how dynamic work strategies and decision-
support tools can be incorporated into site
assessment activities.
¦	Evaluate remedial technologies and their advantages
and limitations for site-specific features and needs.
¦	Share technical information with nontechnical
audiences.
¦	Provide easy access to resources, tools, recent
news, and lessons learned.
¦	Review literature and electronic resources.
¦	Support demonstration planning.
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Technical Assistance to Brownfieids Communities
Program
Under the Technical Assistance to Brownfieids
(TAB) Communities program, EPA awards grants
to organizations that provide geographically based
technical assistance and training on brownfieids
issues to communities and other stakeholders. The
goal is to increase community understanding and
involvement in brownfieids cleanup and redevelop-
ment. Each TAB grantee serves as an independent
source of information for communities seeking
to increase their understanding of the health and
other impacts of brownfield sites; the science and
technology relating to brownfield site assessment,
cleanup, and site preparation activities; brownfieids
finance questions; and integrated approaches to
brownfieids cleanup and redevelopment. Further, TAB
grantees reach out to engage communities through
workshops, electronic and print media, training and
coaching on grant application strategies.
In FY 2016, EPA awarded TAB grants to three
organizations to offer these services directly to
communities in their respective geographic regions.
TAB grantees are:
EPA Regions 1, 3 and 4: The New Jersey Institute of
Technology: htto://www.niit.edu/tab
EPA Regions 2, 9, and 10: Center for Creative Land
Recycling: httoJ/www.cclr.ora/technical-assistance
EPA Regions 5, 6, 7, and 8: Kansas State University:
httos://www. ksutab. org/
Eligibility Requirements: Entities facing brownfieids
challenges can determine whether financial or technical
assistance is available by contacting the TAB grantee
that supports their geographic area. Eligible entities
include state and local governments; land clearance
authorities and other quasi-governmental entities;
government entities created by state legislature; regional
councils and groups of local governments; redevelop-
ment agencies; nonprofit organizations; Indian tribes
other than in Alaska; and Alaska Native Regional
Corporations, Alaska Native Village Corporations, and
the Metlakatla Indian Community.
Availability: Most TAB services are provided free of
charge, but applicants should check with their specific
TAB providers.
Uses/Applications Include:
TAB grantees can assist brownfieids communities in
the following areas:
¦	Reviewing and explaining brownfields-related
technical reports.
¦	Providing information about basic science, environ-
mental policy, and other technical matters related to
brownfieids sites.
¦	Explaining health risks associated with a brownfield
property.
¦	Helping to identify financing options for brownfield
projects.
¦	Explaining or interpreting scientific information or
environmental policy.
¦	Providing information to help the community
understand environmental issues and how they
affect brownfieids cleanup and redevelopment.
¦	Facilitating brownfieids redevelopment efforts
by supporting community and other stakeholder
involvement activities.
¦	Sponsoring a workshop.
¦	Holding a webinar or providing other Web-based tools.
¦	Answering questions posted on a website, or
providing information through a newsletter, resource
center, or case studies.
httos://www. eDa.aov/brownfields/eDas-technical-
assistance-brownfields-tab-communities-proaram
Training; Research and Technical Assistance Grants
for Brownfieids Communities
EPA awards grants that support general training,
research and technical assistance on issues of
interest to brownfield communities as well as more
targeted and focused grant awards as needs arise.
The following organizations are actively supporting
brownfieids communities across the county, delivering
research, training and technical assistance on
brownfieids funding/financing, equitable develop-
ment approaches, job training capacity building,
and calculating the benefits of brownfieids cleanup
and reuse. These organizations received EPA grant
funding starting in FY2015 and are expected to
continue through FY2019.
¦	Council of Development Finance Agencies (CDFA)
Offers free technical assistance to any community
interested in how to finance economic development
on brownfieids. Resources include: financing toolkit,
webinar series (with archives of past sessions
available), and direct TA opportunities that connect
brownfieids project and development finance
experts through project marketplaces and on-site
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project response teams to communities requesting
such support.
htto://www. cdfabrownfields. org/
¦	Groundwork USA
Offers free technical assistance to communi-
ties trying to incorporate equitable development
and environmental justice into their brownfields
projects. Groundwork can support feasibil-
ity assessments of projects and opportunities
identified through community planning efforts,
the design and sequencing of near and long-term
place-based strategies, and aid in the develop-
ment of tactical, locally based work groups and
partnerships that jointly lead efforts on brownfield
redevelopment in response to community needs.
httDJ/aroundworkusa.ora/ta-services/eauidev-
brownfields-olannina/
¦	Hazardous Materials Training and Research
Institute (HMTRI)
Offers free technical assistance to current and
prospective Environmental Workforce Develop-
ment and Job Training grantees. HMTRI provides
the knowledge and tools necessary to maximize
environmental job development, education, and
employment opportunities related to brownfields
cleanup and redevelopment.
httoJ/brownfields-toolbox. org/
¦	University of Louisville
Performing research that will culminate in the
development of a brownfield benefits tool and the
development of a mobile 'app' that communities
will be able to use to collect local information that
can be incorporated into the benefits calculator.
Communities will be able to use the tool to see
where it makes the most economic and environ-
mental sense to invest their brownfield resources.
The team will develop and pilot test a Brownfields
Community Benefits Assessment Toolkit (BCBAT)
and provide presentations on project progress at
national brownfield training conferences.
httD://louisville.edu/ceDm/welcome-to-the-center-
for-environmental-Dolicv-and-manaaement/
Droiects/brownfields-and-safe-soil/welcome-to-the-
brownfields-communitv-benefits-Droiect-paae
¦	Kansas State University
Kansas State University (KSU) will help tribes
across the country identify solutions on assessing
and cleaning up brownfields, developing reuse
plans, and financing options. KSU also will help
tribes develop peer networks to share ideas
about brownfields issues. With KSU's help, tribes
will build tribal response programs to develop
integrated approaches to brownfield cleanup and
reuse, considering the links between environmen-
tal, economic, cultural, and social issues.
More information on EPA brownfields training,
research and technical assistance grants is available
at: httosJ/www. eoa. aov/brownfields/brownfields-
technical-assistance-and-research
OFFICE OF WATER
EPA's Office of Water (OW) ensures drinking water is
safe, and restores and maintains oceans, watersheds,
and their aquatic ecosystems to protect human health,
support economic and recreational activities, and
provide healthy habitat for fish, plants, and wildlife.
OW is responsible for implementing the Clean Water
Act and Safe Drinking Water Act. OW also implements
portions of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization
Amendments of 1990, Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, Ocean Dumping Ban Act, Shore
Protection Act, Marine Plastics Pollution Research and
Control Act, London Dumping Convention, the Marine
Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act, the Interna-
tional Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from
Ships, and several other statutes.
Headquartered in Washington, D.C., OW works with
the ten EPA Regional offices, other federal agencies,
state and local governments, American Indian tribes,
the regulated community, organized professional and
interest groups, land owners and managers, and the
public. OW provides guidance, specifies scientific
methods and data collection requirements, performs
oversight, and facilitates communication among those
involved. OW helps the states and American Indian
tribes build capacity. In some cases, OW delegates
implementation and enforcement activities to states
and tribes.
Financial Assistance
Clean Water State Revolving Fund
Communities that have brownfields and suffer from
water quality impairment may be able to access and
use monies from the Clean Water State Revolving
Funds (CWSRFs) to correct or prevent water quality
problems at such properties. Through the CWSRF
program, each state and Puerto Rico maintains a
revolving loan fund to provide low-cost financing for
a wide range of water quality infrastructure projects.
Funds to establish or capitalize the CWSRF programs
are provided through federal government grants and
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state matching funds (equal to 20 percent of federal
government grants). Today, all 50 states and Puerto
Rico operate successful CWSRF programs. In FY
2015, EPA provided $5.8 billion through the CWSRF
to fund water quality protection projects for wastewater
treatment, nonpoint source pollution control, and
watershed and estuary management. Over the last two
and a half decades, the CWSRFs provided over $100
billion, funding more than 33,320 low-interest loans.
CWSRF programs operate much the same as environ-
mental infrastructure banks that are capitalized with
federal and state contributions. CWSRF monies can
be loaned to communities, and loan repayments are
recycled back into the program to fund additional water
quality protection projects. The revolving nature of
these programs provides an ongoing funding source
that will last indefinitely. States operate and can design
CWSRF programs to address their own priorities and
may include a variety of assistance options, including
loans, refinancing, purchasing, or guaranteeing local
debt and purchasing bond insurance. Nationally, interest
rates for CWSRF loans average 1.7 percent compared
to market rates that average 3.8 percent. CWSRFs
can fund 100 percent of the project cost and provide
flexible repayment terms up to 30 years or useful life,
whichever is less. States also can provide additional
subsidization assistance for some communities. States
have the flexibility to target resources to their particular
environmental needs, including brownfields remedia-
tion, treatment of contaminated runoff from urban
and agricultural areas, wetlands restoration, estuary
management, and wastewater treatment.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligibility for funding varies
by state. State agencies provide direct CWSRF
assistance to cities and towns. Contact the CWSRF
program in your state for information on how to apply.
Limitations: States set CWSRF funding priorities and
project approvals.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Excavate and dispose of underground storage tanks.
¦	Construct wetlands as a filtering mechanism.
¦	Cap wells.
¦	Excavate, remove, and dispose of contaminated
soil or sediments.
¦	Safely abandon wells.
¦	Perform Phase I, II, and III environmental site
assessments.
httD://watereDa.aov/arants fundina/cwsrfZcwsrf index.cfm
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment Cleanup Redevelopment
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund
The Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF)
was established by the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA) Amendments. The DWSRF provides loans
to publicly and privately owned public water systems.
The loans can be used for infrastructure improvements
needed to protect public health and ensure compliance
with the SDWA. The DWSRF is a state-run program
that works similarly to a bank, providing below market
rate loans to communities, public utilities, and private
companies for drinking water projects that meet the
program's criteria. Federal and state contributions
capitalize the loan programs, which exist in all 50
states and Puerto Rico.
In addition to providing loans, states may set aside
up to 31 percent of their DWSRF grants to finance a
variety of activities, such as encouraging improved
water system management and performance and
helping public water systems prevent contamination
through source water protection measures.
Annually, DWSRF programs provide about $2 billion
in assistance to drinking water projects. Building on
a federal investment of $19.1 billion, state DWSRFs
provided more than $32.5 billion to water systems
through 2016. Nationally, interest rates for DWSRF
loans average 1.7 percent, compared to market
rates that average 3.8 percent. DWSRFs can fund
100 percent of the project cost and provide flexible
repayment terms up to 20 years, or 30 years in the
case of disadvantaged communities. States also can
provide additional subsidization assistance for some
communities. Using the loan fund and set-asides,
state DWSRF programs can provide financial
assistance in a variety of ways to support the rehabili-
tation of brownfield sites across the country.
In response to a public health risk, state DWSRFs
can loan money to water systems for the infrastruc-
ture costs needed to provide a brownfield site with
safe drinking water, if certain conditions are met.
States should consider the criteria described in the
online resources below to determine whether a
brownfield-related drinking water project is eligible for
a DWSRF loan.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligibility for funding varies
by state. State agencies provide direct DWSRF
72 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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assistance to communities. Contact the DWSRF
program in your state for information on how to apply.
Limitations: States set DWSRF funding priorities and
project approvals.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Improving drinking water treatment.
¦	Fixing leaky or old pipes (water distribution).
¦	I mproving source of water supply.
¦	Replacing or constructing finished water storage
tanks.
¦	Other infrastructure projects (including security,
efficiency and green infrastructure elements)
needed to protect public health.
htto://water.eDa.aov/arants fundina/dwsrf
Using the DWSRF to Support Brownfield Redevelop-
ment (Factsheet): httoJ/neois.eDa.aov/Exe/ZvPURL.
cai ?Dockev=2000ZZBI. txt
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
\ Assessment \ Cleanup
Availability: The Urban Waters Small Grants are
competed and awarded every two years. During the
2015/16 competition, EPA awarded $1.3 million to 22
organizations in 18 states.
Uses/Applications Include:
In general, projects should meet the following four
program objectives:
¦	Address local water quality issues related to urban
runoff pollution.
¦	Provide additional community benefits.
¦	Actively engage underserved communities.
¦	Foster partnership.
Grantees listed by state, year, or location can be
found at:
httos://www. eDa.aov/urbanwaters/urban-waters-small-
arants
CDFA Number: 66.440
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Urban Waters Small Grants Program
The Urban Waters Small Grants program funds
projects that address urban runoff pollution through
diverse partnerships that produce multiple community
benefits, with emphasis on underserved communi-
ties. These projects help grant recipients protect and
restore urban waters, improve water quality, and
support community revitalization. Since the inception of
the Urban Waters Small Grants Program in 2012, the
program awarded approximately $6.6 million in grants
to 114 organizations across the country and Puerto
Rico. The grants are competed and awarded every two
years, with individual award amounts of up to $60,000.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants include
states, local governments, tribes, public and private
universities and colleges, public or private nonprofit
institutions or organizations, intertribal consortia, and
interstate agencies.
Limitations: To strengthen and diversify the work
going on across the nation, the 2015/16 request
for proposals (RFP) required projects to be located
within U.S. Census-defined Urbanized Areas and the
12-digit hydrologic unit code system (HUC-12) that
defines the watershed.
Technical Assistance
Water Infrastructure and Resiliency Finance Center
[Water Finance Center)
EPA's Water Finance Center is an information and
assistance center that helps communities identify
financing approaches and make informed decisions
for drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater
infrastructure to protect human health and the
environment.
The center seeks to accelerate and improve the
quality of water infrastructure by promoting:
¦	Effective use of federal funding programs.
¦	Leading-edge financing solutions.
¦	Innovative procurement and partnership strategies.
¦	Collaborative financial guidance and technical
assistance efforts.
¦	Data and learning clearinghouses that support
effective decision-making.
The center does not fund water infrastructure projects.
Current activities include Regional Water Finance
Forums for communities with water infrastructure
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funding and financing needs; the WaterCARE
technical assistance initiative that supports communi-
ties in developing financial planning strategies for
drinking water and wastewater infrastructure needs;
and identifying drought resiliency financing strategies.
www.eoa.gov/waterfinancecenter
OFFICE OF SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES
Located within EPA's Office of Policy, the Office of
Sustainable Communities (OSC) is a non-regulatory
program that works with communities to address
priorities of clean air, water, and land. Through
partnership and collaboration with other EPA
programs, federal agencies, and a broad array of
nongovernmental partners, OSC connects states,
regions, and communities to resources and support
that help them develop locally led and community-
driven solutions to environmental issues.
Communities typically request OSC help to
make more informed decisions about growth and
development strategies. OSC connects communi-
ties to national experts, who work with a range of
community stakeholders to identify planning and
policy options that help protect human health and
the environment, foster economic opportunities, and
provide attractive and affordable neighborhoods for
people of all income levels.
OSC's community support efforts include:
¦	Working with tribes, states, regions, and communi-
ties through grants and technical assistance.
¦	Conducting research.
¦	Producing tools, reports, and other publications.
¦	Bringing together through partnerships diverse
interests to encourage better growth and develop-
ment.
¦	Providing technical assistance and support on
multiple topics of community concern.
Technical Assistance
Building Blocks for Susfainable Communifies
The Building Blocks for Sustainable Communities
program provides targeted technical assistance to
selected communities using a variety of tools. EPA
delivers these tools to strengthen local capacity to
implement sustainable approaches. Technical
assistance is delivered by EPA staff and EPA-hired
consultant teams. Each technical assistance project
includes:
¦	Public engagement through a one- to two-day
workshop.
¦	Direct consultation with relevant decision-makers.
¦	A memo outlining specific steps the community
could take to implement the ideas generated during
the workshop.
In addition to the EPA-delivered Building Blocks
assistance, OSC provides grants to nonprofit
organizations to provide similar assistance to
communities. These grantees have their own applica-
tion requirements, application periods, and tools
available.
httos://www. eDa.aov/smartarowth/buildina-blocks-
sustainable-communities-assistance-arantees
Eligibility Requirements: The assistance is for
individual jurisdictions. In addition to local, county, and
tribal governments, examples of eligible applicants
include nonprofit organizations such as community
groups, neighborhood associations, universities,
regional planning groups, and similar organizations
that represent broader community interests and
can demonstrate that they have the support of the
municipality or municipalities they represent. Applicants
must be located in, and project activities must be
conducted within, the United States, Puerto Rico, or a
territory or possession of the United States.
Limitations: OSC provides direct assistance through
a federal contract; no funds are transferred to the
community. Selected communities receive assistance
in the form of a one- or two-day visit from a team of
national experts in disciplines that match community
needs.
Availability: Applications are accepted only for open
solicitations, which will be announced as a Request
for Letters of Interest on OSC's website.
Uses/Applications Include:
OSC offers a variety of tools through the Building
Blocks for Sustainable Communities Program. Not
every tool is offered in every round. Once EPA uses
a tool in several communities, the tool is refined to
create a product that any community can use with
limited outside assistance. Recent tools offered
include:
¦	Planning for infill development.
¦	Flood resilience for riverine and coastal communities.
¦	Sustainable strategies for small cities and rural areas.
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¦	Supporting equitable development.
¦	Creating a green and complete streets strategy.
httos://www. eDa.aov/smartarowth/buildina-blocks-
sustainable-communities
Local Foods, Local Places
The Local Foods, Local Places program helps
people create walkable, healthy, economically vibrant
neighborhoods that improve human health and the
environment through the development of local food
systems. Local Foods, Local Places aims to support
projects that do the following:
¦	Create livable, walkable, economically vibrant main
streets and mixed-use neighborhoods.
¦	Boost economic opportunities for local farmers and
main street businesses.
¦	Improve access to healthy, local food, especially
among disadvantaged populations.
The program is supported by EPA, the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD), the Appalachian Regional Commission, and
the Delta Regional Authority to help create more
livable places by promoting local foods. Technical
assistance is delivered by consultant teams.
Eligibility Requirements: Local governments,
Indian tribes and nonprofit institutions and organiza-
tions working in communities anywhere in the United
States are eligible to apply.
Communities that are selected for the program and are
located in the federally designated Appalachia region
or the federally designated Delta region might be
eligible for additional implementation support beyond
what is provided through the planning assistance.
Limitations: EPA provides direct assistance through
a federal contract; no funds are transferred to the
community. Selected communities receive assistance
in the form of a site visit from a team of experts
to help them develop and implement action plans
promoting local food and neighborhood revitalization.
Selected communities in Appalachia and the Delta
region are eligible to receive financial assistance to
help them implement those plans.
Availability: Applications are accepted only during
open solicitation periods, which are announced on
OSC's website.
httos://www. eoa.aov/smartarowthAocal-foods-local-
olaces
Cool & Connected
Cool & Connected is a planning assistance program
sponsored by EPA's Office of Sustainable Communi-
ties, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities
Service, and the Appalachian Regional Commission.
The program helps small towns use broadband
service to revitalize main streets. Communities can
combine broadband service with other local assets
such as cultural and recreational amenities to attract
investment and people to their communities, including
young people, and diversify local economies.
Through Cool & Connected, a team of experts helps
community members develop strategies and an
action plan for using broadband to create walkable,
connected, economically vibrant main streets and
small-town neighborhoods that improve human health
and the environment.
Eligibility Requirements: Any community represen-
tative is welcome to submit an application to partici-
pate in Cool & Connected. Special consideration
will be given to projects for small towns and rural
communities that face economic challenges and for
communities in places where USDA provided loans or
grants in support of broadband services. Communities
should have existing or anticipated broadband service
that can be leveraged for community development.
Limitations: EPA provides direct assistance through
a federal contract; no funds are transferred to the
community. Selected communities receive assistance
in the form of a site visit from a team of experts to
help them develop and implement an action plan for
using broadband service to promote smart, sustain-
able community development.
Availability: Applications are accepted only during
open solicitation periods, which will be announced on
OSC's website.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Creating strategies for developing and marketing
Wi-Fi zones, extending broadband service, and
promoting Main Street development.
¦	Planning for using broadband assets to attract and
retain downtown and promote startups, and helping
businesses take advantage of broadband.
¦	Developing plans for increasing and expanding
broadband services and Wi-Fi zones to bring visitors,
families, students, and businesses to the downtown.
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¦	Undertaking planning that will use broadband
resources to increase new employment opportuni-
ties, support tourism, promote local arts, nature or
cultural assets, and encourage downtown walkability.
¦	Drafting action plans that use broadband to
increase local communications capacity to market
tourism, motivate people to invest downtown or
along Main Street, and create an incentive for
students to stay in the community.
¦	Developing strategies to create a downtown
co-working space for professionals, students, or
entrepreneurs to use as an alternative to working
from home or commuting long distances.
httos://www. eDa.aov/smartarowth/cool-connected
Healthy Places for Healthy People
Healthy Places for Healthy People helps communities
create walkable, healthy, economically vibrant places
that improve human health and the environment by
engaging with their health care facility partners such
as community health centers (including Federally
Qualified Health Centers), nonprofit hospitals, and
other health care facilities. Health care facilities can
promote preventive health care and help create
vibrant, thriving communities by:
¦	Providing primary care and preventive services to
those that do not have access to care.
¦	Promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles through
activities such as supporting downtown farmers
markets, co-op markets, and community gardens
that provide access to fresh, healthy, local food.
¦	Creating physical activity programs and supporting
sidewalks, bike paths, trails, and parks in the
community that promote active living.
¦	Contributing to economic development and
downtown revitalization by locating health centers,
hospital facilities, and associated programs in
walkable, compact neighborhoods and central
business districts that are accessible via a range of
transportation options.
¦	Supporting local entrepreneurs who have business
ideas that will contribute to a healthy community
and create economic opportunities for residents.
¦	Working with partners and stakeholders in various
sectors to use health as an economic driver for a
local, thriving economy and a healthy community.
¦	Fostering collaboration between workforce develop-
ment and economic development initiatives to
renovate and repurpose abandoned downtown
buildings into new health center sites, affordable
housing, retail, and other community assets.
Healthy Places for Healthy People will provide
selected communities with expert planning assistance
that centers around a two-day community workshop.
A team of experts will help community members
develop an implementable action plan that will focus
on health as an economic driver and catalyst for
downtown and neighborhood revitalization.
Eligibility
¦	Eligible applicants include local government
representatives, health care facilities, local health
departments, neighborhood associations, Main
Street districts, nonprofit organizations, tribes and
others proposing to work in a neighborhood, town,
or city located anywhere in the United States.
¦	Applications that include representatives from
both the community (local government or
non-governmental organization) and a health care
facility will receive special consideration.
¦	Applications that demonstrate existing or new
partnerships among multi-sector partners and a
health care facility to promote community revital-
ization and economic development will be given
special consideration.
¦	Special consideration also will be given to communi-
ties that are economically distressed and/or
underserved, including those in rural Appalachia.
Limitations: EPA provides direct assistance through
a federal contract; no funds are transferred to the
community. Selected communities receive assistance
in the form of a site visit from a team of experts to
help them develop and implement an action plan.
Availability: Applications are accepted only during
open solicitation periods, which will be announced on
OSC's website.
httos://www. eoa.aov/smartarowth/healthv-olaces-
healthv-oeoole
Other Smart Growth Technical Assistance Programs
OSC offers other technical assistance programs,
including:
76 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - HUNTINGTON, WV
r
The City of Huntington, West Virginia, is using funding and technical assistance from a variety of EPA
programs, other federal and state agencies, philanthropic organizations and private industry to transform
itself into a hup for advanced manufacturing and innovation. The city is using $600,000 in EPA Prownfields
area-wide planning and assessment grant funding to energize puPlic-private partnerships and redevelop
a 2 7-acre Prownfield as a new advanced polymer technology center. The future Poly-TeCH site on the
city's riverfront is the cornerstone of a larger Prownfield redevelopment and community revitalization effort
expected to create joPs, enhance sustainaPility, and Pring new life to Huntington and the surrounding
region. As part of this effort, Huntington used $25,000 from EPA's Office of Water to develop a green infra-
structure street design to address stormwater management issues and another $40,000 for incorporating
green infrastructure into local hazard mitigation planning. As a result of this EPA assistance, Huntington
secured another $100,000 of assistance from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for a hazard mitigation
project to address flooding issues and stormwater management for the area. The city also received
technical assistance from EPA's Office of SustainaPle Communities in 2014 under the LivaPle Communities
in Appalachia initiative, the precursor to the Local Foods, Local Places initiative.
¦	Governors' Institute on Community Design
Technical assistance, delivered through a grantee,
to help governors and their staffs make informed
decisions about investments and policy decisions
that influence the economic health and physical
development of their states.
httos://www. eDa.gov/smartgrowth/governors-
institute-communitv-desian
¦	Greening America's Communities
To help cities and towns develop an implementable
vision of environmentally friendly neighborhoods
that incorporate innovative green infrastructure
and other sustainable design strategies. EPA
provides design assistance to help support sustain-
able communities that protect the environment,
economy, and public health and to inspire local and
state leaders to expand this work elsewhere.
httos://www. eoa.gov/smartgrowth/greening-
americas-communities
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Patricia Overmeyer
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Brownfields and Land Revitalization
MC 5105T
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20460
202-566-2774
overmever. oatricia(a)epa.aov
Sonia Brubaker
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Water Infrastructure and Resiliency Finance Center
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
MC 4201C
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20460
202-564-0120
brubaker. sonia(S>eoa.gov
Clark Wilson
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Sustainable Communities
MC 1807T
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20460
202-566-2880
wilson. clark(3)epa. gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. eoa.gov
Office of Brownfields and Land Revitalization
htto://www. epa.gov/brownfields/
Office of Water
htto://water. eoa.gov/
Office of Sustainable Communities
httos://www. eoa.gov/smartgrowth
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 77

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Federal Housing Finance Agency
FHFA
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Federal Housing Finance Agency's (FHFA)
mission is to ensure the Federal National Mortgage
Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), the 11 banks
in the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLBank) System,
and their Office of Finance operate in a safe and
sound manner and serve as a reliable source
of liquidity and funding for housing finance and
community investment.
FHFA was created on July 30, 2008, when the
Housing and Economic Recovery act of 2008
became law. This law amended the Federal Housing
Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of
1992 to place regulation of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac,
and the FHLBank System under a single regulator,
enhance supervision of these regulated entities,
and enhance FHFA's authorities as conservator or
receiver. FHFA regulates the FHLBanks, which are
government-chartered, member-owned corporations.
As of September 30, 2016, the FHLBank System had
nearly 7,200 members, including community banks,
commercial banks, credit unions community develop-
ment financial institutions, and insurance companies,
as well as national banks and federal savings
associations. Each member is a shareholder in one of
the FHLBanks.
The FHLBanks support community development
through a range of activities, such as providing
members with secured short-term and long-term
funds (called "advances") and grants. Members
use these funds to help finance qualifying residen-
tial mortgages or community economic develop-
ment activities, including brownfield redevelopment
projects. Only FHLBank members and housing
associates (state agencies) are eligible for advances
from their respective FHLBank.
FHLBank community development programs
include the Affordable Housing Program (AHP),
the Community Investment Program (CIP), and
the Community Investment Cash Advances (CICA)
program. The AHP is a housing program, while the
CIP can be used for both housing and for targeted
community development. The CICA program is used
only for targeted community development. Although
these programs were not designed exclusively for
brownfield development, they can be used to help
finance these types of projects. Each FHLBank offers
the AHP, CIP, and CICA programs.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Affordable Housing Program
The Affordable Housing Program, which FHLBanks
fund annually with 10 percent of their net income,
includes two programs: the Competitive Application
Program and the Set-Aside program for Homeowner-
ship. The Competitive Application Program subsidizes
the cost of owner-occupied housing for individuals
and families with incomes at or below 80 percent
of the area median income, and rental housing in
which at least 20 percent of the units with affordable
rents are reserved for households with incomes at
or below 50 percent of the area median income. The
subsidy may be in the form of a grant or a subsidized
advance. The AHP can be used to purchase,
construct, and rehabilitate housing on a brownfield,
but it cannot be used for planning, assessment, or
cleanup of environmental contamination. It may be
used for site preparation or other uses in conjunction
with the purchase, construction, or rehabilitation of
housing.
In 2015, FHLBanks awarded funds to 507 Competi-
tive Application program projects ranging in amounts
from about $14,000 to $998,000 for owner-occupied
projects and about $31,000 to $2.6 million for rental
projects. Between 1990, when the program began,
and 2015, the FHLBanks awarded about $4.2 billion
in funding to projects supporting more than 638,000
housing units, about 71 percent of which served very
low-income households.
The FHLBanks may also offer the Set-Aside program
to their members. Under the Set-Aside program, an
FHLBank may set aside an amount up to the greater
of $4.5 million or 35 percent of its AHP funds each
78 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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year to assist low- and moderate-income households
in purchasing or rehabilitating homes. Through
the program, members provide grants directly to
households for down-payment and closing costs, and
in some cases, counseling and rehabilitation costs.
Each member sets its own maximum grant amount,
which may not exceed $15,000 per household.
In 2015, Set-Aside program funding was $85.2
million, and assistance was provided to 13,005
households. From 1995 through 2015, the FHLBanks'
set-aside programs provided approximately $865
million in funding, supporting more than 153,000
households.
Eligibility Requirements: Only member financial
institutions of an FHLBank can apply for AHP funds.
To be considered eligible for AHP funding, housing
projects must meet certain requirements, including
type of occupancy, project feasibility, funding need,
cost reasonableness, unit retention requirement, and
project sponsor qualifications.
Limitations: Projects using AHP funds are subject
to retention requirements. The retention period is five
years for home ownership projects. Rental projects
must maintain the targeted household income and
affordable rent for a 15-year retention period.
Availability: Each FHLBank has at least one AHP
funding round each year when members may submit
applications on behalf of sponsors and developers of
affordable housing projects.
Uses/Applications Include:
Over the years, the AHP provided assistance to:
¦	Low- and moderate-income homeowners, including
first-time homebuyers.
¦	Very-low-income residents of rental housing.
¦	Special-needs households, including the elderly,
disabled, homeless, or victims of domestic violence
who need supportive services.
¦	Residents in rural communities.
¦	Residents in urban areas.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
j Assessment j Cleanup
Community Investment Program
Each FHLBank must offer Community Investment
program loans to their member financial institutions
priced at below market rates. Members must use the
financing for purchasing or rehabilitating housing or
for community economic development that benefits
lower-income families and neighborhoods. CIP
advances may be used to support projects that create
and preserve jobs and help build infrastructure to
catalyze community growth. CIP advances may be
combined with other housing or community develop-
ment funds.
Eligibility Requirements: Projects funded by the
member institutions of an FHLBank must meet
several requirements, depending on the type of
project.
¦	Home purchases by families with incomes at or
below 115 percent of the area median income.
¦	Purchase or rehabilitation of rental housing for
families with incomes at or below 115 percent of the
area median income.
¦	Commercial and economic development activities,
including those relating to brownfields, that benefit
low- and moderate-income families (those that are
below 80 percent of median income) or activities
that are located in low- and moderate-income
neighborhoods.
¦	Projects that include a combination of these
activities.
Limitations: Advances are made only on a secured
basis with collateral requirements consistent with
those of other FHLBank credit programs.
Availability: Advances may have various maturities,
including long-term maturities of 20 years or more.
Uses/Applications Include:
Projects may involve owner-occupied and rental
housing, construction of roads, bridges, retail stores,
sewage treatment plants or other capital improvement
projects, and small business loans to create or retain
jobs.
The FHLBanks funded approximately $3.2 billion in
CIP advances for housing and community develop-
ment projects in 2015, and approximately $56 billion
since 1990.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 79

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SNAPSHOT - TASSAFARONGA VILLAGE, OAKLAND, CA
r
The Tassafaronga apartment complex in Oakland, California originally consisted of an 87-unit puPlic
housing development and a pasta factory, Poth Puilt in the 1940s. In the following decades, some of
the original housing structures were demolished, and half of the pasta factory parcel was leased to an
auto repair Pusiness and a gasoline station. SuPsequent environmental site assessments determined
that there was some soil contamination near the housing complex. The Oakland Housing Authority
applied for and received an EPA Prownfields cleanup grant and the site was cleaned up in 2008 under
California's Voluntary Cleanup Program. The Federal Home Loan Bank's AffordaPle Housing Program
helped move this project forward Py providing a $200,000 suPsidy for construction of the affordaPle
housing units. Construction of the Tassafaronga Village Pegan shortly thereafter and was completed
in May 2010. The new housing complex is a green neighPorhood of 157 units and Prings a diversity of
affordaPle housing to an underserved area of Oakland. The complex, which currently is home to more
than 500 residents, includes affordaPle family rental apartments, affordaPle rental townhouses, and an
on-site medical clinic.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
Community Investment Cash Advances Program
The Community Investment Cash Advances
program offers FHLBank members funding, often
at below-market interest rates, to finance economic
development projects aimed at targeted beneficiaries
or targeted geographic areas. Eligible uses include
brownfields redevelopment; commercial, industrial,
manufacturing, and social services projects;
infrastructure; and public facilities and services. CICA
includes a rural and urban program.
Eligibility Requirements: Only FHLBank members
may borrow CICA funds. Eligibility requirements for
project funding vary among FHLBanks.
Limitations: Before applying, each FHLBank must
have a Community Lending Plan that describes its
program objectives and funding availability.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Assistance to brownfields cleanup and redevelop-
ment projects in certain areas.
¦	Assistance to Champion Communities, Empower-
ment Zones, or Enterprise Communities.
¦	Assistance to housing, commercial, industrial, and
other economic development activities.
¦	Assistance to areas affected by federal military base
closings.
¦	Assistance to small businesses as defined by the
Small Business Administration.
¦	Assistance to tribal homelands.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Peter E. Garuccio
Federal Housing Finance Agency
Office of Congressional Affairs and Communications
400 7th St., SW
Washington, DC 20024
202-649-3036
peter, aarucciofcpfhfa.aov
Main Site
httoJ/www. fhfa.aov
80 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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General Services Administration
GSA
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The General Services Administration (GSA) leverages
the buying power of the federal government to
acquire the best value for taxpayers and its federal
customers. With thousands of federal properties
throughout the country, GSA partners with other
federal agencies, state regulatory agencies, and local
communities to recycle surplus federal properties.
GSA expedites the cleanup and reuse of contami-
nated federal real estate by leveraging its real estate
expertise, meaningful stakeholder input, and all
available real property and environmental authorities.
Brownfields Connections
GSA works with federal landholding agencies
to review and identify surplus federally owned
brownfields. GSA seeks to redeploy these brownfields
in close coordination with local community planning
objectives. GSA serves as the "honest broker" in
returning these properties to productive use. To carry
out this role, GSA:
¦	Coordinates with state and federal representatives
to ensure that the identification of underutilized
federal properties incorporates the latest state and
federal revitalization initiatives.
¦	Executes a process that brings stakehold-
ers together on issues related to contaminated
properties.
¦	Provides local communities, community stakehold-
ers, and the private sector with information on the
federal real property disposal process.
¦	Educates states and communities engaged in
brownfields revitalization about innovative disposal
methods and options for remediation privatization.
RESOURCES
Technical Assistance
Brownfields Redevelopment Initiative
When a property is determined to be surplus, GSA
works with state and local planners, economic
development officials, and community groups to
effectively combine GSA's real property authorities and
local revitalization objectives. GSA employs specific
strategies in the redeployment of federal brownfields.
Transactions are structured in ways that allow the
federal government to realize the asset's embedded
equity while expediting the completion of environmen-
tal remediation and property redevelopment.
Eligibility Requirements: GSA works with local
officials, community stakeholders, and state and
federal agencies in communities with surplus federal
real property.
Availability: GSA works with all federal landholding
agencies to develop real estate strategies that identify
options for better management of underutilized
assets. This process includes identifying potential
federal brownfields through GSA's utilization studies,
providing recommendations to federal landholding
agencies for environmental characterization and
additional due diligence, and developing real property
strategies that expedite environmental regulatory
closure.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦ GSA identifies federal brownfields, incorporates
meaningful stakeholder input in matching available
real property authorities with local revitaliza-
tion objectives, and develops environmental and
real property strategies for successful return to
productive reuse.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lee Anne Galanes
General Services Administration
Office of Real Property Utilization and Disposal
1800 F St., NW
Washington, DC 20405
202-821-7230
leeanne. aalanes(S>asa.aov
Main Site
httoJ/www. asa.aov
Office of Real Property Utilization and Disposal
httpJ/DrooertydisDosal. asa.ao v
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 81

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SNAPSHOT - TWIN CITIES ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT, ARDEN HILLS, MN
r
GSA used its brownfields expertise to redeploy 543 acres of the former Twin Cities Army Ammunition
Plant (TCAAP). TCAAP was used for small arms ammunition production dating back to World War II. Due
to extensive soil and groundwater contamination, the site was listed on the National Priorities List (NPL) in
1983. GSA worked with the U.S. Army to identify a portion of TCAAP as excess to the Army. Through close
coordination with the City of Arden Hills and Ramsey County GSA developed a real estate strategy
for reuse of two parcels in line with community redevelopment objectives and property remediation
needs. The first transfer of 116 acres created a public park and wildlife corridor. GSA structured a ne-
gotiated sale to Ramsey County to expedite site remediation and redevelopment of the 427-acre
second parcel. Fee transfer of the property to Ramsey County occurred after the soil remediation was
completed in 2015. The redevelopment of the site will include a mix of commercial, residential, light
industrial and other uses and is expected to be a catalyst for economic development in the region.
82 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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National Enaowment for
the Arts
ARTWORKS.
National
Enaowment
for the Arts
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
Established by Congress in 1965, the National
Endowment for the Arts (NEA) is the independent
federal agency whose funding and support gives
Americans the opportunity to participate in the arts,
exercise their imaginations, and develop their creative
capacities. Through partnerships with state arts
agencies, local leaders, other federal agencies, and the
philanthropic sector, the NEA supports arts learning,
affirms and celebrates America's rich and diverse
cultural heritage, and extends its work to promote equal
access to the arts in every community across America.
Brownfieids Connections
¦	Supports efforts to transform communities into lively,
beautiful, and resilient places.
¦	Encourages livability by addressing community
priorities such as public safety, health, blight and
vacancy, environment, job creation, equity, local
business development, civic participation, and
community cohesion.
¦	Encourages public engagement and community
building through art.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
Our Town Grants
NEA's Our Town grant program supports creative
placemaking projects that help transform communities
into lively, beautiful, and resilient places with the arts at
their core. Creative placemaking results when artists,
arts organizations, and community development
practitioners deliberately integrate arts and culture into
community revitalization work—placing arts at the table
with land use, transportation, economic development,
education, housing, infrastructure, and public safety
strategies. Our Town grant funding supports local
efforts to enhance quality of life and create opportu-
nities for existing residents that increase creative
activity, and create a distinct sense of place. Applicants
can apply for project support in two areas: (1) arts
engagement, cultural planning, and design; and (2)
knowledge building about creative placemaking.
Eligibility Requirements: All applications require
partnerships that include at least two eligible
primary partners: a nonprofit organization and a
local governmental entity. One of the two primary
partners must be an arts or design organization.
Additional partners are encouraged. Eligible lead
applicants include nonprofits with a three-year
history of programming, local governments, federally
recognized tribes, and U.S. Territories.
Limitations: All grants require at least a one-to-one
non-federal match. These matching funds may be all
cash or a combination of cash and in-kind contributions.
Availability: Grants range from $25,000 to $200,000.
The $200,000 level is only for projects of significant
scale and impact. In 2016, NEA awarded 64 Our
Town grants totaling $4.3 million.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Arts Engagement Projects support artistic
productions or practices that are the focus of
creative placemaking projects.
¦	Cultural Planning Projects support the development
of local support systems necessary for creative
placemaking to succeed.
¦	Design Projects demonstrate artistic excellence
while supporting the development of places where
creative activities occur, or where the identity of
place is created or reinforced.
httos://www. arts, aov/arants-omanizations/our-town/
Droiects-that-build-knowledae-about-creative-
Dlacemakina-arant-Droaram-descriDtion
CFDA Number: 45.024
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfieids Redevelopment Process:
Art Works Grants
Art Works is a grant program that supports the
creation of art that meets the highest standards of
2017 Brownfieids Federal Programs Guide 83

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SNAPSHOT - LYNNBROOK PARK, CHATTANOOGA, TN
r
To support the design of LynnProok Park in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the Trust for PuPiic Land will partner
with PuPiic Art Chattanooga and local community groups to facilitate puPlic workshops, select an artist/
design team, oversee design work, and implement puPlic art and/or arts programming. The transforma-
tion of a 1,4-acre vacant lot into a community park is a response to goals and needs articulated in a
citizen-led planning process, Chattanooga's NeighPorhood Assessment, and the city's U.S. EPA Prown-
fields environmental site assessment. The proposed park is accessiPle Py a ten-minute walk to a diverse
population of more than 2,550 Chattanooga residents.
excellence, and promotes public engagement with
diverse and excellent art, lifelong learning in the arts,
and the strengthening of communities through the
arts. Successful projects are likely to:
¦	Prove transformative with the potential for
meaningful change, whether in the development
or enhancement of new or existing art forms, new
approaches to the creation or presentation of art, or
new ways of engaging the public with art.
¦	Be distinctive, by offering fresh insights and new
value for their fields and/or the public through
unconventional solutions.
¦	Have the potential to be shared or emulated, or are
likely to lead to other advances in art.
Applicants can apply for an Art Works grant through 16
different disciplines: artist communities; arts education;
dance; design; folk and traditional arts; literature; local
arts agencies; media arts; museums; music; musical
theater; opera; presenting and multidisciplinary works;
theater; visual arts; and "creativity connects" projects.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible applicants
include nonprofit organizations, units of state and
local government; and federally recognized tribal
communities and tribes. Common applicants include
arts organizations, local arts agencies, arts service
organizations, local education agencies such as
school districts, and other organizations that can help
advance NEA's goals. Eligible applicants must have a
three-year history of programming.
Limitations: All grants require at least a one-to-one
non-federal match. These matching funds may be all
cash or a combination of cash and in-kind contributions.
Availability: Grants generally range from $10,000
to $100,000. No grants under $10,000 are awarded.
Grants of $100,000 or more are awarded only in rare
instances, and only for projects that NEA determines
demonstrate exceptional national or regional signifi-
cance and impact. For the first round of funding for
fiscal year 2017, 970 Art Works grants were awarded,
totaling nearly $26 million.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Provide students from lower socioeconomic
backgrounds arts-rich experiences.
¦	Design or plan for new arts/cultural buildings, districts,
neighborhoods, public spaces, or landscapes.
¦	Conduct community-wide or neighborhood planning
and design activities that promote economic and
cultural vitality; involve community-based partner-
ships; and assist underserved communities or
neighborhoods.
¦	Encourage adaptive reuse of historic properties for
cultural and arts uses.
¦	Develop innovative approaches to collaborate with
outside organizations and disciplines where the
primary purpose is public engagement with art and/
or the enhancement of public spaces.
httos://www. arts, gov/grants-omanizations/art-works/
grant-orogram-descriotion
CFDA Number: 45.024
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Jen Hughes
National Endowment for the Arts
400 7th Street, SW
Washington, DC 20506-0001
202-682-5547
huahesi(S>arts. gov
Main Site
httoJ/www. arts, gov
84 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Small Business Administration SBM
U.S. Small Business Administration
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION
Mission
The Small Business Administration (SBA) was
created in 1953 as an independent agency of the
federal government to aid, counsel, assist, and
protect the interests of small business concerns; to
preserve free competitive enterprise; and to maintain
and strengthen the overall economy of the nation.
SBA recognizes that small business is critical to the
nation's economic recovery and strength, to building
America's future, and to helping the United States
compete in today's global marketplace. Although
SBA evolved in the years since it was established,
its bottom-line mission remains the same: The SBA
helps Americans start, build, and grow businesses.
Through an extensive network of field offices and
partnerships with public and private organizations,
SBA delivers its services to people throughout the
United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands,
and Guam.
Brownfields Connections
The SBA encourages the redevelopment of
brownfields. SBA loan guarantees are available to
small businesses interested in locating on revitalized
brownfields. Typically, this occurs through the use
of one or more of the following factors: (1) indemni-
fication; (2) completed remediation; (3) "No Further
Action" letter obtained; (4) "minimal contamination"
achieved; (5) cleanup funds approved; (6) escrow
account available; (7) groundwater contamina-
tion originating from another site; (8) a pledge of
additional or substitute collateral; or (9) other factors,
such as the existence of adequate environmental
insurance.
RESOURCES
Financial Assistance
The SBA provides financial assistance programs
for small businesses, including the Basic 7(a)
Loan Program and the Certified Development
Company/504 (CDC/504) Program.
Basic 7(a) Loan Program
The 7(a) loan program is SBA's primary program to
help startup and existing small businesses obtain
financing, with financing guaranteed for a variety
of general business purposes. SBA does not make
loans itself, but rather guarantees loans made by
participating lending institutions. The 7(a) name
comes from section 7(a) of the Small Business Act.
The 7(a) loans are the most basic and most used
types of SBA loans.
Eligibility Requirements: To be considered for a
7(a) loan, applicants must meet eligibility require-
ments that are designed to be as broad as possible
so the program can accommodate the most diverse
variety of small business financing needs. Applicants
must operate for profit; be engaged in, or propose to
do business in the United States or its possessions;
have reasonable owner equity to invest; and use
alternative financial resources, including personal
assets, before seeking financial assistance.
Availability: Borrowers must apply through a partici-
pating lender institution.
Limitations: SBA does not fully guarantee 7(a) loans.
The lender and SBA share the risk that a borrower will
not be able to repay the loan in full. Loans under the
7(a) program may not be used to refinance existing
debt; engage in practices SBA deems to be unsound;
change the character or ownership of the business; or
repay delinquent taxes or other funds that should be
held in trust or escrow.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Working capital.
¦	Purchase, renovation, and new construction of land
or buildings.
¦	Acquisition of equipment, machinery, furniture, and
fixtures.
¦	Establishment of a new business or operation, or
expansion of an existing business.
¦	Debt refinancing (under special conditions).
httoJ/www. sba.aov/financialassistance/borrowers/
auaranteed/7alp/index. html
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 85

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CDFA Number: 59.012
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup
Certified Development Company/504 Program
The CDC/504 loan program is a long-term financing
tool for economic development within a community.
The 504 Program provides growing businesses
with long-term, fixed-rate financing for the purchase
of major fixed assets, such as land and buildings.
A CDC is a private, nonprofit corporation set up
to contribute to the economic development of its
community. CDCs work with SBA and private-sector
lenders to provide financing to small businesses.
Typically, a 504 project includes a loan secured from
a private-sector lender, with a senior lien covering up
to 50 percent of the project cost; a loan secured from
a CDC (backed by a 100 percent SBA-guaranteed
debenture), with a junior lien covering up to 40
percent of the total cost; and a contribution from the
borrower of at least 10 percent equity.
Eligibility Requirements: Eligible entities include
businesses that are operated for profit, do business
in the United States or its territories, fall within the
size standards set by the SBA, use proceeds for an
approved purpose, have no funds available from
other sources, indicate ability to repay the loan on
time, and possess relevant management expertise
and a feasible business plan. Under the CDC/504
Program, a business qualifies as small if it has a
tangible net worth of $15 million or less and an
average net income of less than $5 million after taxes
for the preceding two years. If business and personal
financial resources are found to be excessive, the
business will be required to use those resources in
lieu of part or all of the requested loan proceeds.
Limitations: The CDC/504 Program cannot be
used for working capital or inventory; consolidat-
ing, repaying, or refinancing debt; or speculation or
investment in rental real estate.
Availability: The maximum SBA loan is $5 million for
each small business concern for regular 504 loans
or public policy projects. The eligible amount may
increase to $5.5 million if the borrower is a small
manufacturer, if the project reduces the borrower's
energy consumption by at least 10 percent, or if
the project generates at least 10 percent of the
borrower's energy needs at the facility.
Uses/Applications Include:
¦	Purchasing land, including existing buildings.
¦	Making improvements, including grading, streets,
utilities, parking lots, and landscaping.
¦	Constructing new facilities or modernizing,
renovating, or converting existing facilities.
¦	Purchasing long-term machinery and equipment.
httos://www. sba.aov/offices/headauarters/ofa/
resources/4049
CFDA Number: 59.041
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment
Cleanup
Outreach/Technical Assistance
Office of Small Business Development Centers
The Small Business Development Centers (SBDCs)
administered by SBA assist individuals and small
businesses by providing a wide variety of information
and guidance in central and easily accessible branch
locations in every state. The program is a cooperative
effort of the private sector, the educational community,
and federal, state, and local governments. The
program enhances economic development by
providing current and prospective small businesses
with management advice and technical assistance.
Eligibility Requirements: Assistance from an SBDC
is available to anyone interested in beginning a small
business for the first time or improving or expanding
an existing small business.
httos://www. sba.aov/offices/headauarters/osbdc
CFDA Number: 59.037
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE)
SCORE is a nonprofit association dedicated to
helping small businesses get off the ground, grow,
and achieve their goals through education and
86 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - GARY, IN
The City of Gary, Indiana was the focus of several federal partnership efforts to address Prownfields and
economic development issues. SBA led a series of events in Gary to help address the mayor's focus on
long-term unemployed individuals and under-represented small Pusinesses. SBA provided these services
through its role in the federal Strong Cities, Strong Communities initiative. Assistance included sponsoring
a series of trainings for small Pusinesses using SBA's Ready, Set, Go! Model; and hosting a series of small
Pusiness informational sessions in partnership with HUD and the City of Gary. These sessions educated
local Pusinesses on several HUD and SBA programs and the General Services Administration's schedule.
SBA's Small Business Development Center also supported the development of small Pusinesses that
were created as a result of the Gary4JoPs program. Training on Pusiness plan development, Pusiness
accounting, and Pidding on government contracts was offered.
mentorship. SCORE is a resource partner with the
SBA. It has over 320 chapters throughout the United
States and its territories. Both working and retired
business owners and professionals donate time and
expertise as business counselors.
Eligibility Requirements: Small business owners
and entrepreneurs can receive assistance online or at
local SCORE branches, which are listed online.
httos://www. score, om/
CDFA Number: 59.026
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Rachel Newman Karton
Small Business Administration
Office of Small Business Development Centers
409 3rd St., NW, 6th Floor
Washington, DC 20416
202-619-1816
rachel. newman-karton(3)sba.aov
Main Site
httoJ/www. sba.aov
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 87

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Federal Tax Incentives and
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Often, the success of a brownfields redevelopment
project depends on crafting a financing package that
takes advantage of federal programs that offer tax
incentives or credits for various components of the
project. Since the Brownfields Law was enacted in
2002, emphasis increased on building partnerships
among federal agencies offering targeted resources
that can be used to support brownfields redevelop-
ment projects.
Many states adopt their own financing programs and
approaches to integrate traditional state development
programs into the brownfields financing mix. Such
programs include tax incentives and credits, targeted
financial assistance, and direct brownfields financing.
Effective brownfield redevelopment approaches
increasingly involve linking federal and state
incentive and assistance programs to help provide
the financing needed to overcome brownfields
challenges, from assessment to site preparation to
redevelopment. Information on state incentive and
assistance programs may be available through the
states' brownfields programs. To locate these state
programs, visit: httos://www.eDa.aov/brownfields/
brownfields-state-local-tribal-information.
Creatively crafted and carefully targeted incentives
and credits can help advance cleanup activities and
prepare properties for reuse. This section provides an
overview of federal tax incentives and credits that can
be leveraged for brownfields cleanup, redevelopment,
and reuse. The following topics are outlined:
¦	New Markets Tax Credits
¦	Low Income Housing Tax Credits
¦	Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits
¦	Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
The following information about these incentives
reflects the most recent changes and extensions
authorized by the Tax Increase Prevention Act, which
Congress passed on December 16, 2014. Most
provisions were extended for only one year, until the
end of 2015, although the 114th Congress, seated in
January 2015, plans to consider comprehensive tax
legislation sometime during its term. Please refer to
EPA's website (htto://www.eDa.aov/brownfields) for the
latest information on rules or interpretations affecting
their use.
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 89

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New Markets Tax Credit
The New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) program is
designed to stimulate the economies of distressed
urban and rural communities and create jobs in
low-income communities by expanding the availabil-
ity of credit, investment capital, and financial
services. The NMTC program was created through
the Community Renewal Act of 2000. The program
is administered by the Community Development
Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund within the U.S.
Department of the Treasury. Each year, tax credits
are allocated through the CDFI Fund and distributed
to qualified Community Development Entities (CDEs).
CDEs include a range of for-profit and nonprofit
organizations, such as community development
corporations, CDFIs, organizations that administer
community development venture capital funds or
community loan funds, small business develop-
ment corporations, specialized small business
investment companies, and others. In the United
States, there are nearly 6,000 organizations certified
as CDEs, including subsidiaries (CDE partners), and
approximately 1,000 certified CDFIs. Brownfields
developers can approach existing CDEs to help fund
their projects or, in certain circumstances, consider
applying for CDE certification themselves.
Given their focus on distressed areas, many of
which are characterized by blighted and abandoned
buildings, NMTCs have significant potential to support
brownfields projects. Since its inception, the NMTC
program is credited with supporting construction of
32 million square feet of manufacturing space, nearly
75 million square feet of office space, and more than
57 million square feet of commercial space. Through
13 rounds as of November 2016, the CDFI Fund
made 1,032 awards allocating a total of $50.5 billion
in tax credit authority to CDEs through a competitive
application process. This $50.5 billion includes $3
billion in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Awards and $1 billion of special allocation authority
to be used for the recovery and redevelopment of the
Gulf Opportunity Zone. Under the most recent NMTC
allocation authority in 2015, all 120 of the recipients
indicated that they will invest at least 95 percent of
equity investments into low-income communities,
which exceeds the minimum required 85 percent.
To date, every federal dollar put in the program
leveraged over $8 in private investments.
Demand for the tax credits remains high since the
program's inception. In the 2015 round (awarded
in November 2016), 238 applicants requesting a
total of $17.6 billion in NMTC allocation authority
competed for $7 billion in allocation authority. This
round represents a doubled allocation from 2015 and
Congress passed legislation extending the NMTC
program to 2019.This unique funding mechanism is
a viable option for many brownfields redevelopers,
given the typical target investments that allocation
recipients identify.
How the Program Works: The NMTC program
allows certified CDEs to apply competitively for an
allocation from the CDFI Fund tax credit pool. Once
a CDE receives an allocation of tax credits, the CDE
can offer the tax credits to private-sector investors,
including banks, insurance companies, corporations,
and individuals. Investors acquire (using cash only)
stock or a capital interest in the CDE on which the
investor can gain a potential return. The investor also
receives a 39 percent tax credit on the amount of the
investment (total purchase price of the stock or capital
interest). The credit is claimed over a seven-year
period. Investors receive a five percent credit
annually during the first three years after purchase
and a six percent credit during the final four years.
Thus, for each hypothetical $100,000 investment,
an investor would realize $39,000 in tax credits over
seven years. Investors may not redeem their stock
or capital interest in CDEs prior to the conclusion of
the seven-year period. In short, the CDE secures
investors through the sale of stock or issuance of
an equity interest in exchange for tax credits, and
then uses the resulting cash to make investments in
low-income communities.
In return for providing the tax credit to the investor, the
CDE receives cash. The CDE must invest "substan-
tially all" of the cash proceeds into qualified low-income
community investments (QLICIs). Over half of all
CDE investments are investments in real estate
or businesses. Eligible QLICIs include loans to, or
investments in, businesses to be used for developing
residential, commercial, industrial, and retail real estate
projects. Examples of QLICIs include:
¦ Direct investments in qualified low-income,
community-based businesses.
90 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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Tax credits to
(against Federal
Income tax)
Tax credits to
Cash
Investors
CDFI Fund
Community Development Entity (CDE)
Qualified Low Income Community Investments
Invests in or Lends to
Qualified Active Lower
Income Community
Businesses (OALICBs)
Which may Include Brownfields
Redevelopment Projects
Purchases Loans from CDEs \
Which may Include Community
Development Loans for
Brownfields Redevelopment
Projects
Provides Financial
Counseling and Related
Services
Invests in or Lends to CDEs
Which may include Financing
Brownfields Redevelopment
Projects
¦	Purchases of loans made by a CDE to qualified
low-income businesses that allow a return via a
secondary market-type approach.
¦	Purchases of financial counseling and other
technical services to qualified active low-income
community businesses (QALICBs).
¦	Loans or investments in real estate projects that can
include brownfields cleanup and redevelopment.
A CDE must be certified to be eligible to receive
NMTCs. The Department of the Treasury's CDFI
Fund evaluates applications for CDE certification in
four areas: business strategy, capitalization strategy,
management capacity, and community impact.
In addition, the CDE must demonstrate that it will
maintain accountability to residents of low-income
communities, which is typically done through
representation on a governing or advisory board.
Community entities applying to become a CDE may
submit CDE certification applications at any time of
the year to the CDFI Fund. Completing an applica-
tion for CDE certification can be lengthy, but the
process is straightforward, and the CDFI Fund makes
decisions relatively quickly. Once an organization
is certified, the designation lasts for the life of the
organization. Both nonprofit and for-profit groups may
apply for certification by the CDFI Fund.
While the CDE certification and the Department of
the Treasury's allocation processes are complex, the
actual operation of the NMTC program is relatively
simple:
¦	An investor (taxpayer) decides to seek NMTCs.
¦	The investor identifies a CDE that received a
NMTC allocation (listed on the Department of
the Treasury's website) and is in the process of
completing a redevelopment project, which could be
on a brownfield property.
¦	In exchange for a cash investment in the CDE's
project, the investor receives 39 percent of the
investment value in tax credits ($39,000 in credits
for each hypothetical $100,000 investment), over
the seven-year schedule noted above.
¦	The investor also receives stock or an equity
interest in the CDE's redevelopment project.
Advantages for Brownfields Site Redevelopers:
The NMTC program offers several advantages to site
developers seeking financing to clean up and reuse
brownfields:
¦	CDEs may be willing to structure a more favorable
deal than traditional lending institutions for
brownfields projects, which can be a key consider-
ation when financing is tight.
¦	CDEs can offer funding for a full range of redevelop-
ment activities, including land acquisition, environ-
mental remediation, demolition, site preparation,
construction, renovation, and infrastructure improve-
ments—making them a true "one-stop" financing
source.
¦	CDEs involved in brownfields cleanup and redevel-
opment projects, especially nonprofit entities, can
facilitate packaging of different public financing
sources for one project. Financing sources can
include state and local programs and credits,
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 91

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SNAPSHOT - NORTHWEST PLAZA SHOPPING CENTER, ST. LOUIS, MO
r
The Northwest Shopping Center in St. Louis, MO will Pe redeveloped into the Crossings at Northwest thanks in large
part to $16 million of New Markets Tax Credits committed to the project. Up to $28 million of additional NMTCs
could Pe committed to the project Py its completion. The total cost of the redevelopment is currently estimated
to Pe $106 million. Additional sources of financing include $33 million from a Tax Increment Financing district and
$7.4 million in Prownfield cleanup tax credits. Several departments in St. Louis County such as Human Services
and the Division of Workforce Development, have signed letters of intent to lease over 150,000 square feet in the
new development. When complete, the Crossings at Northwest will Pe a mixed-use district with retail and office
space, restaurants, and possiPly a technical college. Current tenants include a Charter Communications call
center, Tenet Conifer, and Ruler Foods.
initiatives such as tax increment financing, federal
programs such as the Department of Housing and
Urban Development's Community Development
Block Grants, and EPA's Brownfields Grants.
¦	Tax credits available to investors through CDEs
can encourage investors to commit additional funds
for qualifying projects or attract new investors who
ordinarily might not consider investing in brownfields
projects located in low-income communities.
Brownfields stakeholders interested in making the
NMTC program part of their brownfields project
financing strategies generally follow one of three
approaches:
¦	Contact existing CDEs for funding. Several
recipients of tax credit allocations identified
brownfields redevelopment as one of the goals
for their economic development efforts, but any
CDE potentially can invest in a brownfield project,
which is the easiest and most common approach.
Brownfields developers should consult the CDFI/
Department of the Treasury website to identify
CDEs operating in their state.
¦	Apply for and receive CDE certification, and then
apply for an allocation of tax credits to offer to
potential investors. Although this process is more
complex, it is viable for stakeholders with sufficient
staff, technical capacity, and commitment for
large-scale or long-term brownfields efforts.
¦	Apply for and achieve CDE certification, and then
apply to other CDEs that have their own tax credit
allocations for equity financing. CDEs can invest in
the projects of other CDEs, including brownfields
projects, as long as these investments are made
in low-income areas. However, little funding was
available through this channel in recent years.
The $7 billion in credit allocations announced in
November 2016 went to 120 private and nonprofit
CDEs headquartered in 36 states, the District
of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, with investments
anticipated in all 50 states, the District of Columbia,
and Puerto Rico. This year, 22 of the allocatees
will focus on local markets in cities that also have
a tradition of successful brownfield revitalization -
including Milwaukee, Atlanta, Chicago, St. Louis,
Pittsburgh, and Cleveland. In addition, 14 allocatees
were designated "rural" and plan to invest $1.4 billion
in smaller communities.
Limitations: CDEs can be a vital source of capital for
brownfields revitalization. Because of the underwrit-
ing effort and costs involved, the NMTC program
tends to work best for mid-sized and larger projects.
While there is no hard and fast rule, most NMTC
projects are at least $1 million in size. Although
NMTCs can be used as part of the financing for
numerous brownfields projects, many CDEs are
unaware of the brownfields redevelopment process
and potential leveraging advantages. Still others
may be confused by the program's use of the term
"designated brownfields" in its competitive criteria.
Consequently, the first task facing local officials
and community leaders may be to educate CDEs
about the brownfields process and the role that state
voluntary cleanup programs can play in bringing
certainty and closure to environmental concerns at
these properties.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
92 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - WATERFIRE ARTS CENTER, PROVIDENCE, Rl
r
The former U.S. Rubber plant in Providence, Rl will be converted to the WaterFire Arts Center, thanks to a
variety of funding mechanisms. The total project cost is approximately $13.7 million, of which $3.17 million will
come from NMTCs. The initial $3.17 million investment will be made by Bank of America and will be redeemed
through NMTCs in future years. Bank of America's investment will be matched by a $3.16 million Rhode
Island Arts and Culture grant. Other financing sources include Federal Historic Tax Credits, State Historic
Tax Credits, and multiple grants and loans. The new arts center will primarily act as a production space for
WaterFire. However, the world class creative facility will also provide the public with a venue, education outlet,
and a repository of creative placemaking information that will be accessible to people all across the globe.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Community Development Financial Institutions Fund
1801 L Street NW, 6th Floor
Washington, DC 20036
NMTC Support Line: 202-622-8662
htto://www. cdfifund. gov
The CDFI Fund website provides access to CDE
application materials and workshops, legal review
services for NMTC-related documents, and a map of
qualified census tracts and counties under the NMTC
program. It also contains lists of certified CDEs,
recent NMTC recipients and their target states for
investing, and profiles of CDE-supported community
revitalization projects. In addition, the website
includes the NMTC Qualified Equity Investment
(QEI) Issuance Report, which identifies, among other
things, the amount of credits each CDE can allocate,
how much credit authority they committed, and the
amount remaining to be issued to investors. The QEI
issuance report is updated monthly.
httos://www. cdfifund. aov/Droarams-trainina/Proarams/
new-markets-tax-credit/Paaes/default.aspx
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 93

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Low Income Housing Tax Credits
Low Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTCs) were
created under the Tax Reform Act of 1986 to provide
incentives for the use of private equity in the develop-
ment of affordable housing for low-income Americans.
The program is administered at the state level. Each
state receives an allocation of federal tax credits
determined by a formula based on its population.
In 2016 each state's LIHTC ceiling was slightly
increased to $2,690,000 or $2.35 multiplied by the
state population, whichever is greater. These credits
are intended to ensure an attractive minimum rate
of return on investments in low-income housing.
Each state can issue LIHTC tax-exempt bonds up
to its ceiling to attract investment capital for the
development of low-income housing. LIHTCs may
be used as part of a brownfields financing package
if affordable rental housing is part of a project. The
credits are used successfully in many states as part
of mixed-income housing developments and as infill
projects on brownfields sites.
LIHTCs are more attractive than tax deductions
because tax credits provide investors of affordable
housing developments with a dollar-for-dollar
reduction in their federal taxes, while a tax deduction
only reduces taxable income and therefore provides
a lesser tax benefit. Development capital is raised by
"syndicating" the credit to an investor or a group of
investors. This is done by selling the rights to future
tax credits in exchange for upfront cash. As these
credits are syndicated, developers obtain the equity
capital necessary to build or rehabilitate structures
for low-income housing. The tax credit is paid to
investors annually over a 10-year period. The funds
generated through syndication vary from market
to market and from year to year. A few years ago,
turmoil in the financial market reduced demand for tax
breaks. LIHTCs were bought for only about 65 to 75
cents per tax-credit dollar. However, market demand
for the credits bounced back. In 2016, the most recent
year for which data is available, LIHTCs generated
about 105 to 120 cents per tax-credit dollar.
State housing agencies administer the LIHTC
program by reviewing tax credit applications
submitted by developers and then allocating the
credits. This process allows each state to set its
own priorities and address its specific housing
goals. Some states consider infill, vacant property
reclamation, and mixed use in their allocation plans,
all of which are priorities that can make brownfield
sites more attractive to housing developers as they
compete for LIHTC allocations.
As an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) requirement,
projects that serve the lowest-income tenants and
guarantee low-rent affordability for the longest time
period are given priority. Owners must keep the rental
units available to low-income tenants for at least 30
years after completion of the project.
Both for-profit and nonprofit brownfields developers
can use LIHTCs to help finance low-income housing
projects. The tax credit program can be used either
to construct new buildings or to rehabilitate existing
buildings. All activities associated with the develop-
ment of housing, including cleanup and demolition,
can be claimed as expenses associated with the
development of low-income housing for the purposes
of claiming the tax credit.
As part of their credit allocation plans, some states
promote projects located in specific geographic areas
or distressed rural or urban areas. To the extent that
these policies dovetail with local brownfields priorities,
they may encourage investment in brownfields
revitalization. In addition, the Housing and Economic
Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA) required states to
include energy-efficient construction as an allocation
priority. As a result, to the extent that brownfields
housing projects include "green" technologies and
sustainable development provisions, they may
become more attractive to developers seeking
LIHTCs. Over the past 20 years, states received
significant levels of LIHTC allocations that supported
the development of many housing units. Since
beginning operation through 2014 (the most recent
year for which aggregate data is available), the LIHTC
program has supported over 2.1 million low-income
housing units. The program continues to provide
nearly $8 billion annually in budget authority to issue
tax credits. Almost all new affordable multifam-
ily construction undertaken since 2000 received a
subsidy under this program. Some of the projects
were conducted on brownfield sites, but full potential
for the development of low-income housing on
brownfield sites is as yet unrealized.
94 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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How the Program Works: The LIHTC program
enables funding for the development of affordable
housing by allowing a taxpayer to claim federal tax
credits for the costs incurred during development
of affordable units in a rental housing project. The
program authorizes state housing credit agencies to
award nine percent tax credits for projects receiving
no other federal subsidy, and four percent credits for
projects financed with tax-exempt bonds. Tax credits
are available only to help cover the cost of units within
qualified projects reserved for rental to low-income
households. The tax credits are used by developers
to raise capital from investors through syndication
for their projects. The capital generated from the tax
credits prior to the start of a project lowers the debt
burden on LIHTC projects, making it easier for owners
to offer lower, more affordable rents. Investors, such
as banks, obtain a dollar-for-dollar reduction in their
federal tax liability. The nine percent and four percent
tax credits are paid annually over a 10-year period.
To qualify, a project must have at least 20 percent
of its units rented to households with incomes at or
below 50 percent of the area median income, or at
least 40 percent of its units rented to households
with incomes at or below 60 percent of the area
median income. Although the developer may
claim the tax credit directly, the credits usually
are passed on to investors through syndication. A
syndicator acts as a broker between the developer
and investors in the project. Syndicators may pool
several projects' tax credits into one LIHTC equity
fund and offer the credits to investors who buy a
piece of the equity fund. This process spreads the
risk to investors across various projects. In addition,
the investors typically become limited partners in
the housing project and have an ownership interest.
The developer typically receives a development and
property management fee plus a share in any cash
flows and any profits when the property is sold. By
using the investors' equity, the developer is able to
complete the project with less debt-service financing.
Thus, the rents for the building can be reduced and
serve lower-income individuals.
Advantages for Brownfields Site Redevelopers:
The LIHTC program offers several advantages
to developers considering affordable housing
projects on brownfields, which are enhanced by the
renewed interest in central cities and consideration
of abandoned sites and properties for infill uses.
These range from cost savings to opportunities for
leveraging funding from other programs.
¦	LIHTCs offer an opportunity to restore buildings that
may have historic significance to provide affordable
housing. These properties may be located in
distressed neighborhoods that will benefit from
low-income housing options. In other cases, the
properties may be in emerging neighborhoods, and
their redevelopment can lead to affordable housing
for lower-wage workers that is located closer to
places of employment.
¦	LIHTCs can be combined with federal historic
preservation tax credits to create a powerful
investment incentive. If the brownfield is a historical
structure, it can be a relatively easy fit with
low-income housing development.
¦	LIHTCs can attract new investors in redevelop-
ment projects. LIHTCs offer a strong incentive
for investors to consider financing a low-income
housing project on a brownfield property in
instances where they otherwise might not consider
including low-income housing in the project. This
is especially true if a syndicator is able to pool tax
credits from several projects and create a LIHTC
equity fund, which can reduce the liability risk for
individual investors.
Nonprofit housing developers such as community
development corporations often find the program
especially advantageous because each state must
set aside at least 10 percent of its credit allocation
for projects developed by nonprofits. The guaranteed
return stemming from the tax credit can attract
private banks not normally interested in housing
or brownfields projects. A nonprofit can sell the tax
credits to investors or syndicators and become the
principal partner in the project. The tax-related value
of these credits is of little use to nonprofits because
they already are exempt from paying taxes.
Limitations: Brownfields housing projects may be
hindered by the same forces affecting the banking
and housing industries as a result of the economic
downturn and sectoral restructuring. Reduced
credit, tighter bank underwriting, and tighter due
diligence standards all make housing development
more challenging. And in many areas, the stigma
of contamination and cleanup continues to limit the
viability of many potential projects.
In addition, state LIHTC allocation plans may vary in
their treatment of projects sponsored by local housing
authorities. Some states may award bonus points
to such projects. Others states may require local
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SNAPSHOT - MCKNIGHT LANE, WALTHAM, VT
Addison County Community Trust used $2.1 million of Low Income Housing Tax Credits as part of an
overall $3.7 million cost for McKnight Lane, a redevelopment of a blighted trailer park near Waltham, VT.
The new development began construction in 2016 and now includes 14 net-zero modular housing units.
These units offer a 100 percent electricity cost savings and can produce more energy than they consume.
The implementation of net-zero units makes McKnight Lane the first resilient zero-energy housing develop-
ment for a rural low-income community. Rent for the new units is expected to be $775 for a two-bedroom
and $850 for a three-bedroom. Two units are fully Americans with Disability Act-accessible and all units
include rooftop solar, in-unit washer and dryer, and are situated in a residential park-like setting. As
required for use of the LIHTCs, these units will be rented to people who meet HUD's income limits.
housing authorities to work with nonprofit organiza-
tions to be eligible to apply for tax credits. Stakehold-
ers interested in information about specific state
policies should contact their state housing authorities.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research
maintains the HUD USER website, which contains
an extensive database of information on projects that
used the LIHTC.
HUD USER
P.O. Box 23268
Washington, DC 20026-3268
Toll Free: 1-800-245-2691
httoJ/www. huduser. ora/datasets/lihtc. html
In addition, the following housing nonprofit and
advocacy groups track LIHTC trends and activities:
The National Council of State Housing Agencies
is a nonprofit organization created by the nation's
state Housing Finance Agencies to coordinate and
leverage advocacy efforts for affordable housing.
National Council of State Housing Agencies
444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 438
Washington, DC 20001
202-624-7710
httoJ/www. ncsha. org/
The National Low Income Housing Coalition is a
nonprofit that educates, organizes, and advocates
to ensure decent, affordable housing within healthy
neighborhoods for everyone.
National Low Income Housing Coalition
1000 Vermont Avenue, Suite 500
Washington, DC 20005
202-662-1530
httoJ/www. nlihc. org
The National Association of Local Housing Finance
Agencies is a nonprofit national association of
professionals working to finance affordable housing
in the broader community development context at the
local level.
National Association of Local Housing Finance
Agencies
2025 M Street, NW, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20036
202-367-1197
httoJ/www. nalhfa. org
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Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits
Historic rehabilitation tax credits were adopted by
Congress to discourage unnecessary demolition
of sound older buildings and to slow the loss of
businesses from older urban areas. The tax credits
encourage private investment in the cleanup and
rehabilitation of historical properties. The National
Park Service (NPS) administers the program in
partnership with the IRS and State Historic Preserva-
tion Offices (SHPOs). Nearly 1.6 million historic
buildings are located in or contribute to historic
districts listed in the National Register of Historic
Places, with thousands added each year. The NPS
estimates that 20 percent of these buildings qualify as
income-producing.
The historic rehabilitation tax credit is well-suited for
packaging with other economic development grant
and loan programs. Using the historic preservation
tax credit generally does not preclude the use of
other federal, state, or local funding sources or other
programs designed to encourage rehabilitation. In FY
2015, 88 percent of the projects that used the historic
rehabilitation tax credit also took advantage of at least
one additional incentive or form of publicly supported
financing. Of the additional incentives, 48 percent
used state historic preservation tax incentives, and
four percent used the federal low-income housing
credit. Additional incentives included HUD programs
such as HOME, Insured Loan Programs, and the
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)
program; as well as the New Markets Tax Credit
Program, Tax Increment Finance, USDA Rural
Development Loan Programs, and the Brownfields
Economic Development Initiative Grant.
Given that historic rehabilitation tax credits focus
on older buildings, they are an ideal brownfields
financing tool. Their use at brownfields properties
is rapidly accelerating across the country. The
tax credits help attract redevelopment capital
to many projects in blighted and ignored areas
not ordinarily considered for investment. These
projects encompass a wide range of properties and
project types, including offices, hotels, retail stores,
warehouses, factories, and rental housing.
How the Program Works: This incentive offers
private investors a tax credit that can be claimed for
the year in which the renovated building is put into
service. There are two separate tax credits: one for
the restoration of certified historic properties and
one for the rehabilitation of older but noncertified
properties.
A certified historic structure is defined as a building
that is listed in the National Register of Historic
Places, either individually, as a contributing building
in a National Register historic district, or as a contrib-
uting building within a local historic district that is
certified by the U.S. Department of the Interior.
Rehabilitation of income-producing, certified historic
structures qualifies for a credit equal to 20 percent
of the cost of the work. Rehabilitation work on older,
noncertified structures built before 1936 qualifies for
a credit equal to 10 percent of the cost of the work.
Costs associated with most reconstruction activities
are eligible for the credit. All restored buildings and
properties must be income producing and rehabili-
tated according to standards set by the Department of
the Interior and enforced by the SHPOs.
The 20 percent tax credit is available for historic
properties rehabilitated for commercial, industrial,
agricultural, or rental residential purposes, but not
for properties used exclusively as an owner's private
residence. Working in conjunction with state historic
preservation agencies, the NPS must approve all
rehabilitation projects seeking to use the 20 percent
tax credit. The rehabilitation must be consistent with
the historic character of the property. Owners seeking
to claim the 20 percent tax credit must complete a
detailed application process and maintain certification
throughout the rehabilitation work. Generally, the tax
credit is claimed in the year in which the rehabilitated
building is placed back into service. The owner of the
building must maintain ownership of the building for
five years after completing rehabilitation or be subject
to a staggered recapture of the tax credit. In addition,
a rehabilitation project must meet several IRS criteria
to qualify for the tax credit:
¦	The structure must be depreciable.
¦	The rehabilitation must be "substantial," defined as
expenditures greater than $5,000.
¦	The property must be returned to an income-
producing use.
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SNAPSHOT - POUGHKEEPSIE UNDERWEAR FACTORY, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY
The Poughkeepsie Underwear Factory was built in 1874. It is a 3 1/2-story, eight-bay brick building.
Before the building produced underwear, it was a barrel-making factory and manufactured leather
goods. Around 1900, The Poughkeepsie Underwear Company began operating out of the building.
Several decades later, the company stopped producing underwear and the building was used as
a print factory, and then as a warehouse. The building eventually became vacant. It was added to
the National Register of Historic places in 1982, making it eligible for Historic Tax Credits. Hudson River
Housing purchased the property and will convert the former factory into fifteen rental units with nine effi-
ciency apartments and six live-work lofts. Approximately one-third of the space will be reserved for work
space, with food businesses prime targets. About $1.5 million of the $7 million construction costs came
from federal and state historic preservation credits.
¦	The building must be maintained as a certified
historic structure when returned to service.
The 10 percent tax credit is available for the rehabili-
tation of noncertified, nonresidential buildings built
before 1936. Former manufacturing facilities, office
buildings, and hotels located on a brownfield site
easily qualify for this tax credit. Projects that plan to
claim the 10 percent rehabilitation tax credit must
meet several physical structure tests:
¦	At least 50 percent of the building's external walls
existing at the time that rehabilitation begins must
remain in place as external walls upon completion.
¦	At least 75 percent of the building's existing external
walls must remain in place as either external or
internal walls.
¦	At least 75 percent of the building's internal
structural framework must remain in place at the
time the building is returned to service.
Rehabilitation tax credits can be especially attractive
for cleanup and restoration of certified historic or
pre-1936 properties. An increasing number of states
are adopting their own rehabilitation tax incentive
programs and are encouraging developers to partici-
pate in both the state and the federal program
to maximize benefits. This opportunity creates a
powerful incentive and provides developers with
increased cash flow, which can make brownfields
redevelopment projects more financially viable.
State programs typically offer tax credits that range
between 10 and 30 percent.
According to the NPS, $4.47 billion in structural
rehabilitation work was carried out in 2015 at 870
project sites, the second largest annual investment in
program history. Many of these properties, including
old mills, vacant industrial buildings, gas stations,
and abandoned production facilities, are located in
blighted areas and meet the criteria to be classified
as brownfields. This investment in rehabilitation led to
the creation of over 85,000 jobs and the development
of 23,569 housing units in 2015. Over 8,000 of the
housing units created with rehabilitation tax credits
were for low- and moderate-income individuals. This
demonstrates a link between low-income housing
tax credits and rehabilitation tax credits. Moreover,
rehabilitation tax credits are well-suited for smaller
projects. In 2015, 37 percent of these tax credits were
for projects of less than half a million dollars in size,
and 51 percent were for projects that were less than
$1 million in total cost.
Advantages for Brownfields Site Redevelopers:
Brownfields redevelopers can choose to sell or
syndicate rehabilitation tax credits in exchange for an
upfront cash investment in the project. This exchange
can translate into more upfront project funding. A
developer may prefer to have a larger cash flow
infusion before cleanup and redevelopment work is
carried out, rather than take a tax credit at the end of
the project or tax year. In addition, rehabilitation tax
credits offer significant leveraging possibilities with:
¦	Low-income housing tax credits.
¦	Industrial development bonds.
¦	A variety of federal development programs described
earlier in this guide, including SBA, HUD's CDBG
program, and USDA Rural Development.
¦	Numerous state and local financing, tax incentive,
and bond programs.
Limitations: While historic rehabilitation tax credits
can be beneficial and flexible sources of funding,
taking advantage of these credits sometimes can be
difficult. Brownfields developers contemplating old
98 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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SNAPSHOT - GAVER FEED MILL, MADISON, Wl
The Garver Feed Mill in Madison, Wisconsin is a landmark rich with history, character, and purpose.
The two-story, Industrial Romanesque feed mill was Puilt in 1905 and named a city landmark in 1994.
Eventually, the Puilding Pecame dilapidated and faced possiPle demolition. Now, the mill will see new
life as a local artisan food production facility. The Puilding's original features, such as tall ceilings and
an aPundance of dock doors, provide an ideal space for these users. In addition to these details, the
Puilding will Pe outfitted with the modern specifications necessary to Pe a fully functional food facility.
All of these features will Pe provided to tenants at affordaPle rental rates. Plans also include creating
"micro lodging" units averaging 250 square feet for short-term rental. The Historic Tax Credits allowed
the developer to restore the fagade of the Puilding to the original look, and was the last piece of
financing needed in the $19.8 million redevelopment.
or historic sites for new uses need to consider the
following:
¦	Once a building is placed into service, tax credits
are not officially awarded until the project is
reviewed and approved by the SHPO. This can take
time and affect project cash flow.
¦	Complying with the Americans with Disabilities
Act, pursuing LEED certification, installing energy
efficient windows, and addressing environ-
mental considerations such as lead paint and
asbestos may impact a building's historic nature
and complicate project certification. Fortunately,
more SHPOs are gaining an understanding of the
brownfields process and what needs to be done to
achieve appropriate cleanups. In addition, some of
the new remediation and reconstruction techniques
are proving to be less disruptive to a structure's
historic integrity.
¦	Nonrefundable credits, such as the rehabilitation
tax credit, may not be used to reduce the alterna-
tive minimum tax. If a taxpayer is not eligible for
the rehabilitation tax credit because of the alterna-
tive minimum tax, the credit can be carried back or
forward.
¦	To claim any credit, the investment must exceed
the greater of $5,000 or the adjusted basis of the
building and its structural components. This require-
ment can necessitate a large rehabilitation expendi-
ture on a big project.
¦ Tax credit sales or syndications are most suitable
for larger projects, and may not work at smaller
projects because of their transaction costs.
In addition, tax credit recapture scenarios need to be
avoided if the full value of the credit is to be realized.
The tax credits can be subject to recapture (at 20
percent per year) if the property is disposed of before
five years pass after the credit is granted or if the
building is converted to tax-exempt use within five
years of being put back into service.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
National Park Service
Technical Preservation Services
1849 C Street NW, Mail Stop 7243
Washington, DC 20240
202-513-7270
httoJ/www. nos. aov/tos/
The NPS website provides access to detailed tax
incentive information, regulations, applications, and
rehabilitation standards, including an overview of
the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives.
The website can be found at htto://www.nos.aov/tos/
tax-incentives, htm.
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Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
As communities become more concerned about
the economic and environmental impacts of the
use of fossil fuels, renewable energy technologies
are expected to play a greater role in meeting future
electricity demand. Renewable energy in the United
States, including hydroelectric, wood, biofuels, wind,
organic waste, geothermal, and solar, accounted for
more than 10 percent of the domestically produced
electricity in 2015. The U.S. Energy Information
Administration estimates that renewable-generated
electricity will account for 16 percent of total U.S.
electricity generation in 2035. This growth will be
driven mainly by the extension of federal tax credits,
new loan and grant programs, and state requirements.
Identifying and using land located in areas that
are amenable to high-quality renewable energy
alternatives will be an essential component to
developing new renewable energy sources. EPA
screened more than 80,000 potentially contami-
nated sites and solid waste landfills covering
nearly 43 million acres across the United States for
suitability to renewable energy generation facilities.
Tracked sites include brownfields, Superfund sites,
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
sites, abandoned mine lands, and landfills. Maps
depicting the locations of these EPA-tracked sites
and their potential for supporting renewable energy
generation can be found at httos://www.eoa.gov/
re-Dowering/re-powering-maDDing-and-screening-
tools. These maps enable users to view screening
results for various renewable energy technologies
at each site. Through coordination and partnerships
among federal, state, tribal, and other government
agencies as well as utilities, communities, and the
private sector, new renewable energy facilities may
be developed on many potentially contaminated
properties.
Combining energy incentives with contaminated
land cleanup incentives can allow investors and
communities to create economically viable, nonpollut-
ing, renewable energy redevelopment projects on
brownfields, particularly sites where local economic
conditions prohibit more conventional reuse of the
site. Over the past decade, several statutes created,
expanded, or extended incentive programs such as
tax incentives, loans, grants, and loan guarantees to
encourage renewable energy generation and energy
efficiency projects. The Tax Increase Prevention Act
of 2014 extended these incentive programs until
the end of 2014. This section contains information
about the federal tax incentives that are available
to potential developers considering the siting of
renewable energy generation and energy efficiency
projects on brownfields.
How the Programs Work
Energy-Efficient Commercial Buildings Tax Deduction
Note: The Energy-Efficient Commercial Buildings Tax
Deduction expired at the end of 2014. Programs that
completed their projects in 2015 and 2016 retrospec-
tively received the deduction because of The Consoli-
dated Appropriations Act signed in December 2015.
How the program worked: The Energy Policy Act of
2005 established a tax deduction for energy-efficient
commercial buildings placed in service through the
end of 2007. This deduction was extended through
2008, and then again through 2014. A tax deduction
of $1.80 per square foot is available to owners of
new or existing buildings who install lighting, heating,
cooling, ventilation, or other systems that reduce the
building's total energy and power cost by 50 percent
or more in comparison to a building meeting certain
minimum requirements. Deductions of $0.60 per
square foot are available to owners of buildings in
which energy-efficiency measures are installed but
where total energy and power cost savings from
these improvements do not meet the 50 percent
threshold.
The deductions are available primarily to building
owners. Deductions are taken in the year in which
construction is completed. Energy savings must
be calculated using qualified computer software
approved by the IRS. The IRS released interim
guidance in June 2006 to enable taxpayers to obtain
a certification that a property satisfies the energy
efficiency requirements contained in the statute. IRS
Notice 2008-40 was issued in March 2008 to further
clarify the rules. DOE's National Renewable Energy
Laboratory published a report, Energy Savings
Modeling and Inspection Guidelines for Commercial
Building Federal Tax Deductions, Second Edition, to
100 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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provide guidelines for the modeling and inspection
of energy savings required by the statute. DOE also
compiled a list of qualified computer software for
calculating commercial building energy and power cost
savings.
¦	Notice 2008-40, Amplification of Notice 2006-52;
Deduction for Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings
http://www.irs. aov/irb/2008-14 IRB/ar12. html
¦	Energy Savings Modeling and Inspection Guidelines
for Commercial Building Federal Tax Deductions,
Second Edition
httoJ/www. nrel. aov/docs/fvO 7osti/40467. odf
¦	Qualified Software for Calculating Commercial
Building Tax Deductions
httD://enerav.aov/eere/buildinas/aualified-software-
calculatina-commercial-buildina-tax-deductions
Business Energy Investment Tax Credit: The
business energy federal investment tax credit
provides incentives for the development and
deployment of renewable energy technologies.
Prior to 2005, a 10 percent federal investment tax
credit was available to businesses to offset capital
expenditures for solar or geothermal energy property.
The federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 expanded
the tax credit to include fuel cells, microturbines,
and hybrid solar lighting systems and raised the tax
credit for solar to 30 percent. The tax credits were
expanded significantly by the Energy Improvement
and Extension Act of 2008 (EIEA) and the American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), and
modified by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.
In December 2015, The Consolidated Appropriations
Act included amendments applying and extending
the expiration date for solar and production-tax-credit
(PTC)-eligible technologies with a gradual phase
out of those credits from 2019 to 2022. All other tax
credits apply to systems put in use before the end of
2016. Below is a summary of the tax credits:
¦	Solar. In general, the tax credit is equal to 30
percent of expenditures, with no maximum credit,
for eligible systems. For systems placed into
service in 2019 and 2020 the tax credit reduces to
26 percent and for systems placed into service in
2021 the tax credit reduces to 22 percent. Eligible
solar energy property includes equipment that
uses solar energy to generate electricity, heat or
cool a structure, heat water for use in a structure,
provide solar process heat, and illuminate the
inside of a structure using fiber-optic distrib-
uted sunlight. Passive solar systems and solar
pool-heating systems are not eligible.
¦	Fuel Cells. The tax credit is equal to 30 percent of
expenditures, with no maximum credit. However,
the credit for fuel cells is capped at $1,500 per 0.5
kilowatt of capacity. Eligible property includes fuel
cells with a minimum capacity of 0.5 kilowatts that
have an electricity-only generation efficiency of 30
percent or higher.
¦	Small Wind Turbines. The tax credit is equal to 30
percent of expenditures, with no maximum credit.
Eligible small wind property includes wind turbines
up to 100 kilowatts in capacity.
¦	Geothermal Systems. The tax credit is equal to 10
percent of expenditures, with no maximum credit
limit stated. Eligible geothermal energy property
includes geothermal heat pumps and equipment
used to produce power from a geothermal deposit.
The credit for geothermal energy property,
excluding geothermal heat pumps, has no stated
expiration date.
¦	Microturbines. The tax credit is equal to 10 percent
of expenditures, with no maximum credit limit
stated. The credit for microturbines is capped at
$200 per kilowatt of capacity. Eligible property
includes microturbines up to two megawatts in
capacity that have an electricity-only generation
efficiency of 26 percent or higher.
¦	Combined Heat and Power (CHP). A CHP system,
also known as cogeneration, recovers waste heat
from electrical generation equipment and uses the
heat energy to power heating, cooling, dehumidi-
fication, and other systems. The credit is equal
to 10 percent of expenditures, with no maximum
limit stated. Eligible CHP property generally
includes systems up to 50 megawatts in capacity
that exceeds 60 percent energy efficiency. The
efficiency requirement does not apply to CHP
systems that use biomass for at least 90 percent of
the system's energy source.
In general, the original use of the equipment must
begin with the taxpayer, or the system must be
constructed by the taxpayer. The equipment also
must meet any performance and quality standards
in effect at the time the equipment is acquired. The
energy property must be operational in the year in
which the credit is first taken. EIEA allows utilities
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to use the credits and allows taxpayers to take the
credit against the alternative minimum tax, subject to
certain limitations. ARRA repealed a previous restric-
tion on the use of the credit for eligible projects also
supported by "subsidized energy financing."
The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 continues
to allow facilities that produce solar electricity to take
a 30 percent investment credit in the year that the
facility is placed in service, with other facilities eligible
for a production tax credit for electricity produced over
a ten-year period. But the statute does allow facilities
qualifying for the production tax credit to elect to take
the more advantageous investment tax credit in lieu
of the production tax credit for facilities that began
construction by the end of 2013.
Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit
The renewable electricity production tax credit
reduces the federal income taxes of qualified
taxpaying owners of renewable energy projects
based on the electrical output, measured in kilowatt-
hours, of grid-connected renewable energy facilities.
This type of credit differs from an investment tax
credit, which reduces federal income taxes based
on capital investment in renewable energy projects.
Originally enacted in 1992, the production tax credit
was renewed and modified numerous times, and was
most recently extended in December 2015.
The tax credit amount is 1.5 cents per kilowatt hour
in 1993 dollars (now equal to 2.2 cents per kilowatt-
hour indexed for inflation) for some technologies, and
half of that amount for others. The rules governing
the production tax credit vary by resource and facility
type. Renewable technologies that qualify for the
production tax credit include wind energy, closed-
loop biomass, open-loop biomass, geothermal
energy, landfill gas production, municipal solid
waste combustion, qualified hydroelectric energy,
and marine and hydrokinetic (150 kilowatt or larger)
energy. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012
made this provision more advantageous. Under
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, wind facilities
commencing construction in 2017 see a 20 percent
reduction in the PTC, wind facilities commencing
construction in 2018 see a 40 percent reduction in
the PTC, and wind facilities commencing construc-
tion in 2019 see a 60 percent reduction in the PTC.
All other technologies can no longer receive this PTC.
The duration of the credit generally is ten years after
the date the facility is placed in service, with some
exceptions. The tax credit is reduced for projects that
receive other federal tax credits, grants, tax-exempt
financing, or subsidized energy financing. Taxpayers
eligible for the production tax credit may alterna-
tively take the business energy investment tax credit
(described above).
Renewable Energy Bonus Depreciation
Deduction: Businesses typically are allowed to
deduct the costs of capital expenditures over time
according to various depreciation schedules. Under
the IRS's modified accelerated cost recovery system
(MACRS), certain renewable energy technologies are
classified as five-year property, which means that the
cost of the equipment can be depreciated for federal
income tax purposes over a period of five years, as
determined by the IRS's depreciation schedule.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
included a 50 percent "bonus" depreciation provision
for eligible renewable energy systems. The provision
allows taxpayers to deduct 50 percent of the cost
of the property in the year in which it was placed in
service, with the remaining 50 percent depreciated
over the remaining MACRS depreciation schedule.
Various statutes enacted over the past few years
amended the bonus depreciation. Eligible property
currently includes a variety of solar-electric and
solar-thermal technologies, fuel cells and microtur-
bines, geothermal electric, direct-use geothermal
and geothermal heat pumps, wind energy, and CHP
The first-year 50 percent bonus depreciation was
extended through the end of 2017. Properties placed
in service in 2018 will see their bonus deprecia-
tion reduced to 40 percent and properties placed
in service in 2019 will see their bonus depreciation
reduced to 30 percent.
The bonus depreciation rules do not override the
depreciation limit applicable to projects qualifying
for the business energy investment tax credit. If a
taxpayer takes advantage of the business energy
investment tax credit, the amount of the bonus
depreciation will be reduced. For more information on
the federal MACRS, see IRS Publication 946.
¦ IRS Publication 946, How to Depreciate Property
http://www.irs.aov/uac/About-Publication-946
Energy-Efficient New Homes Tax Credit for Home
Builders: The federal Energy Policy Act of 2005
established tax credits of up to $2,000 for builders of
all new energy-efficient homes, including manufac-
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SNAPSHOT - BORDENTOWN & DEPTFORD LANDFILLS, NJ
In 2014, solar farms built on top of former landfills in Bordentown and Deptford, New Jersey went
online, generating enough electricity to power 3,500 homes annually. The 40-acre Parklands Solar Farm
and 30-acre Kinsley Solar Farm each house more than 30,000 solar panels. Together, it is estimated
that these two solar farms generate enough electricity annually to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by
nearly 15,000 tons. The Public Service Enterprise Group, the group responsible for developing the two
sites, used solar renewable energy certificates and federal investment tax credits to help offset the cost
of the projects.
tured homes. Initially scheduled to expire at the end of
2007, the tax credit was extended several times, and
now is effective for homes acquired through the end
of 2014. Site-built homes qualify for a $2,000 credit if
they are certified to reduce heating and cooling energy
consumption by 50 percent relative to the Interna-
tional Energy Conservation Code standard and meet
minimum efficiency standards established by DOE,
and if building envelope improvements account for at
least one-fifth of the reduction in energy consumption.
IRS Notice 2006-27 provides guidance for this
credit. Manufactured homes also must conform to
Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety
Standards to qualify for a $2,000 credit. Manufac-
tured homes qualify for a $1,000 credit if they reduce
energy consumption by 30 percent and building
envelope component improvements account for at
least one-third of the reduction in energy consump-
tion. Alternatively, manufactured homes qualify if they
meet Energy Star Labeled Homes requirements. IRS
Notice 2006-28 provides guidance for the credit for
building energy-efficient manufactured homes. This
credit expired at the end of 2014, but in 2015 was
retroactively renewed by The Consolidated Appropria-
tions Act. Now any home that qualifies and was
purchased from 2015 through 2016 is eligible for this
tax credit.
¦	Notice 2006-27, Certification of Energy Efficient
Home Credit
http://www.irs.aov/Dub/irs-droD/n-06-27.Ddf
¦	Notice 2006-28, Energy Efficient Home Credit;
Manufactured Homes
http://www.irs. aov/irb/2006-11 IRB/ar13. html
Advantages for Brownfields Site Redevelopers:
As with the tax credits described in earlier sections,
integrating energy tax incentives into a project's
financing strategy can enhance project cash flow by
offsetting cleanup and construction costs. Using the
tax incentives can provide brownfields developers an
added income boost. In many cases, these incentives
were made more practical when they were made
applicable to projects that begin construction by the
due date, rather than having to be completed and
placed into service. Energy projects can be ideal at
brownfields where market interest is insufficient to
support more traditional economic redevelopment
projects, or at large sites with few reuse options.
These properties often are idle for years and may be
purchased relatively inexpensively.
Limitations: The descriptions of these incentives are
simplified versions of the information in the tax code,
which often contains additional caveats, restrictions,
and modifications. In addition, the long lead times for
many energy-related efforts may make the use of tax
credits infeasible, given the uncertainty of future tax
incentive extenders that may be needed as part of the
project's financing structure. Those interested in these
incentives should review the relevant sections of the
tax code in detail and consult with a tax professional
prior to making business decisions.
Assistance Useful during the Following Phase(s)
of the Brownfields Redevelopment Process:
Assessment ) Cleanup
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
There are many sources of additional information on
renewable energy and energy efficiency. Some of the
more comprehensive sources include:
¦ EPA's RE-Powering America's Land website
includes maps of the renewable energy potential of
current and formerly contaminated land and mine
sites, and fact sheets describing state incentives for
renewable energy development.
httpJ/www. epa.gov/oswercpa/
2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide 103

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¦ DOE's Database of State Incentives for Renewables
and Efficiency (DSIRE) website is a comprehensive
source of information on state, local, utility, and
federal incentives that promote renewable energy
and energy efficiency. Established in 1995, funded
by DOE, and updated frequently, DSIRE is an
ongoing project of the North Carolina Solar Center
and the Interstate Renewable Energy Council Inc.
htto://www. dsireusa. org/
¦ EPA established the Combined Heat and Power
Partnership in 2001 to encourage cost-effective
CHP projects by fostering cooperative relationships
with the CHP industry, state and local governments,
and other stakeholders.
htto://www. eDa.aov/chD
104 2017 Brownfields Federal Programs Guide

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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
(5105T)
EPA 560-K-17-001
May 2017
www.epa.gov/brownfields/

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