EPA 600/3-32-070
June 1982
CONSUMPTION RATES OF POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS MARINE
FISH CAUGHT IN THE METROPOLITAN LOS ANGELES AREA
by
Harold W. Puffer, Stanley P. Azen, Marysia J. Diida, David R. Young
University of Southern California School of Medicine
Departments of Pathology and Preventive Medicine
Parkview Medical Building
2025 Zonal Avenue
Los Angeles, California 90033
Grant No. R 807 120010
Project Officer
Robert Brice
Marine Division
Environmental Research Laboratory
Corvallis, Oregon 97333
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CORVALLIS, OREGON 97333
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NOTICE
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
consititute endorsement or recommendation for use.
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ABSTRACT
This report presents the results of a 1980 survey in the Los Angeles
metropolitan area to assess the consumption rates of potentially hazardous
marine fish and shellfish by local, non-professional fishermen; to identify
population subgroups having a significantly large consumption rate; and to
estimate the size of the population potentially exposed to harmful pollutants.
The results of this study represent the first phase in the evaluation of the
potential hazard to humans by consumption of marine fish and shellfish from
polluted waters in the harbor and coastal regions of Cos Angeles County.
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CONTENTS
Abstract i i i
Figures and Tables vi
Acknowledgements vi i
1. Introduction 1
2. Materials and Methods 2
3. Results 5
4. Discussion 14
References 16
Appendices
A 18
B 22
C 27
v
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FIGURES
Number Page
la Location of survey sites (Team 1) 5
lb Location of survey sites (Team 2) 6
TABLES
Number Page
1 Demographic characteristics of interviewed sportfishermen 7
2 Estimated demographic characteristics of sportfishermen population. 7
3 Patterns of fishing activity and fish consumption for interviewed
sportf i shermen 8
4 Description of primary fish kept by sportfishermen 8
5 Description of consumption patterns for primary fish kept by
sportfishermen 9
6 Cumulative distribution of total fish and shellfish consumption . .10
7 Analysis of median consumption rates 11
8 Analysis of demographic characteristics of infrequent vs. frequent
sportfishermen 12
9 Size of population of sportfishermen in survey sites 13
10 Estimated annual consumption of PCB 15
vi
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Appreciation is extended to Dr. Herb Frey, Leo Pinkas, and Vickie Wine of
the California Department of Fish and Game for their review and critique of
this research, to Dr. Donald Baumgartner and Robert Brice of the Environmental
Protection Agency for assistance with management of the proposal, and to the
staff of the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project for their
advice during the survey. Gratitude is given to the surveyors: Tim Chapman,
John Ljubenkov, Dona Mastin, and Corinne Shadoian. We al-so wish to acknowl-
edge the fine technical assistance of Rosa Aispuro.
vii
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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
In 1978, the California Department of Fish and Game carried out a major
independent sportfishing survey in Southern California.1 The results of that
survey indicated that considerable fishing effort was expended (one million
angler-trip hours per year), that 75% of the catch was composed of 20 species,
and that one in three fish caught was a white croaker. White croaker has been
shown to contain large amounts of DDT (average = 39 pg/g)2'and polychlorinated
biphenyl (PCB). Concentrations of PCBs have been shown to range from 0.6 pg/g
within Los Angeles Harbor3 to 2.8 pg/g near the White Point sewage outfall.*
The survey a".so reported some catches of shellfish. Shellfish have been shown
to be contaminated with heavy metals as well as the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene4
(BaP). No data were obtained, however, to demonstrate that direct consumption
of fish or shellfish occurred in this population of sportfishermen.
This report presents the results of a 1980 survey in the Los Angeles
metropolitan area to assess the consumption rates of potentially hazardous
marine fish and shellfish by local, non-professional fishermen; to identify
population subgroups having a significantly large consumption rate; and to
estimate the size of the population potentially exposed to harmful pollutants.
The results of this study represent the first phase in the evaluation of the
potential hazard to humans by consumption of marine fish and shellfish from
polluted waters in the harbor and coastal regions of Los Angeles County.
1
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SECTION 2
MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the design period of October 1979 to December 1979, a question-
naire on sportfishing and catch consumption was designed based on several
pilot tests. The questionnaire (Appendix A) collected information on: (a)
demographic characteristics of the fishermen and their -family/1iving group;
(b) patterns of fishing activity; (c) species, numbers, and weights of fish
caught; and (d) characteristics of fish consumption in the family/living
group. Distinction was made between those fishermen who caugnt fish for
consumption and those who caught fish for other purposes. The final version
cf the questionnaire was designed for ease of coding and keypunching for
computer analysis.
LOCATION OF SURVEY SITES
During the design period, numerous fishing locations in the harbor and
coastal areas of Los Angeles were evaluated as possible survey sites. Twelve
representative locations were subsequently chosen for the survey. The
California Department of Fish and Game confirmed that these sites (Figures la
and lb) were frequently used and contained abundant marine life.5 In addi-
tion, they were affected by varying degrees of pollution.6 Two of the sites
(sites 7 and 8) were near sewage outfalls. The major Los Angeles County piers
were included in the survey (sites 1, 5, and 8-11). Party boats (sites 6 and
12) were included because many sportfishermen do not fish from piers, shore,
or breakwater areas. Fishermen utilizing private boats were excluded from
this study because their fishing sites were too random, ranging from areas of
pollution impact to Dristine waters, and covered too broad an area to be
surveyed adequately with the resources available.
SURVEYING PROCEDURES
Four surveyors visited each of the twelve sites, usually in teams of two.
Attempts were made to survey each site approximately three times/month on
different days of the week and different times of the day. The surveying
period was January 1 through December 31, 1980.
Surveyors were selected on the basis of their Southern California fishing
experience and their knowledge of marine life. Each team was composed of a
male and female. Surveyors were presented with appropriate identification.
When the surveyors arrived at a sampling site, they recorded in a logbook
the number of fishermen, their sex, race, and approximate age. All fishermen
were counted whether or not they had caught fish. However, only those fisher-
men with fish were subsequently interviewed. No fisherman was interviewed
2
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more than once during the one year study period. When the number of fishermen
with fish at the sampling site was greater than 20, a systematic sampling
approach was used (Appendix B).
Although it was not an essential part of the survey, attempts were made
to obtain names and addresses of interviewed sportfishermen so that fishermen
could be interviewed in more depth in subsequent research. As an incentive,
fishing maps, regulations, and/or recipes were mailed to them.
Surveyors interviewed the sportfishermen, identified and counted the
number of fish, and estimated the average weights using Ohaus Dial Spring
scales (Appendix B). Surveyors also coded the questionnaire for keypunching.
Photographs were taken frequently to assure the reliability of the surveyors'
taxonomic identification of fish, to document site conditions, and to confirm
sportfishermen counts.
DATA MANAGEMENT/STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Questionnaires were submitted to the analyst/supervisor at biweekly
meetings and reviewed for accuracy, consistency, and completeness. Data from
questionnaires were keypunched and stored on computer disk, and analyses were
carried out using the SPSS computer package.7 Appendix C summarizes the codes
and coding procedures.
The daily consumption of each species (grams/day/person) was calculated
from the equation:
nw f
Consumption = k x ~ x
where k = edible portion (by weight) of fish (k < k < depending on species)
n = number of fish in catch
w = average weight (grams) of fish in catch
e = number of fish eaters in family/living group
f = frequency of fishing per year
Assumptions underlying this formula are that the number and average
weight of the fish represent a "typical" catch for a given fisherman, the
number of family fish eaters is constant over the study period, and the catch
is shared equally among family members.
From the questionnaire data, demographic characteristics, and fishing
activity of the sportfishermen, as well as average (median) consumption rates,
were determined. Differences in median consumption rates were compared across
sites and across demographic characteristics using the Kruskal-Wal1 is non-
3
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parametric analysis of variance procedure.8 The size of the sportfishermen
population was estimated from the logbook data. Details of the estimation
procedure are presented in the next section (Table 9).
4
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SECTION 3
RESULTS
During the period of January 1 to December 31, 1980 a total of 1,059
interviews were conducted; 61$ during the week, 39% on the weekend. Nearly
two-thirds of the days were sunny, while the remainder were foggy, cloudy, or
raining. During January, mid-February, and March, heavy-rains reduced inter-
viewing. Heavy erosion and landslide conditions closed Abalone Cove (site 7)
from late March until November. Consequently, Point Vicente was substituted
as a survey site (see Figure la and lb).. In early spring, quarantines were
imposed for about ten days in Santa Monica Bay and Los Angeles/Long Beach
harbors due to heavy sewage overflow. During that period, interviews could
not be obtained. Also, Gerald Desmond bridge (site 3), which is not legally a
public access bridge, was closed in March and from mid-September to December.
Illegal disposal of chemicals caused closure of sites 9-11 from December 9 to
17.
Gerald Desmond
Bridge
WILMINGTON
LONG BEACH
Queen
Belmont
8each Pier
Novy Mole
SAN
PEORO
Porly Boot
SAN PEDRO BAY
MILES
Figure la. Location of survey sites (Team 1).
5
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"X
© Ps-f Bae'V^
^ Msnas if- ^i>C
® Mofnjriss e«SiV
t
^ «»rn)M 8fCO/
(5) At40«
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TABLE 1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERVIEWED SPORTFISHERMEN
(n = 1,059)
Sex Age (years)
Race
Male 88% < 17
11%
Caucasian 42%
Female 12% 18 - 40
52%
Black 24%
41 - 65
28% •
Mexican-American 16%
> 65
9%
Oriental/Samoan 13%
Other 5%
Occupation
Number of Family Members*
Student
14%
1 16%
Reti red
14%
2 25%
Unemployed/Housewi fe
11%
3-4 30%
Professional/Manager/Sales
16%
5+ 29%
Laborer
32%
Employed - Other
13%
* Includes fish consumers and non-consumers.
TABLE 2. ESTIMATED DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SPORTFISHERMEN POPULATION
Sex Age (years) Race
Male 84% < 17 17% Caucasian 38%
Female 16% > 17 83% Black 22%
Mexican-American 21%
Oriental/Samoan 19%
Table 5 presents a summary by species of the percent of fishermen who
primarily consumed their fish or gave it away, the median amount of fish
consumed, and the primary methods of preparation. The majority of fishermen
interviewed supplemented their diet with the fish they caught, and the most
common method of preparation was pan frying. Although few fishermen primarily
ate raw fish, 8% said they ate it occasionally. Of the raw fish consumed, 16%
were white croaker, 32% were bonito, and 12% were Pacific mackerel. Other
uses of fish not shown in Table 5 included use as pet food and fertilizer.
Table 6 presents the cumulative distribution of total fish and shellfish
consumption. The median amount consumed was 37 g/day/person, with the 90th
percentile at 225 g/day/person (i.e., 10% of the fishermen consumed more than
this amount). These figures are based on total grams of edible fish in each
fisherman's catch regardless of species. Broken down by species, the
consumption rate will differ, i.e., Table 10.
7
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TABLE 3. PATTERNS OF FISHING ACTIVITY AND FISH CONSUMPTION FOR INTERVIEWED
SPORTFISHERMEN
(n = 1,059)
Frequency of Fishing in Area of Interview
5-7 times/week 5%
3-4 times/week 9%
1-2 times/week 35%
1-3 times/month 23%
Infrequently (< 1/mo) 28%
Number of Adult Fish Eaters
None 2%
One 24%
Two 56%
3-14
Number of
Child Fish Eaters
None 18%
One 24%
Two 25%
3-10 33%
Frequency of Eating Fish
5-7 times/week 5%
3-4 times/week 14%
1-2 times/week 49%
1-3 times/month 23%
Infrequently (< 1/mo) 9%
Freeze Fish for
Later Consumption
Yes 71%
TABLE 4. DESCRIPTION OF PRIMARY FISH KEPT BY SPORTFISHERMEN
(n = 1,059)
Percent of Fishermen Median Number Average (± sem)
Species Who Caught (range) Weight (g)
White Croaker
34%
4
(1,
40)
153
±
3
Pacific Mackerel
25%
4
(1,
56)
334
±
9
Pacific Bonito
18%
2
(1,
55)
717
+
26
Queenfish
17%
2
(1,
100+)
143
±
5
Jacksmelt
13%
1
(1,
30)
223
±
8
Walleye Perch
10%
2
(1,
21)
115
+
5
Shiner Perch
7%
2
(1,
29)
54
±
5
Opal eye
6%
2
(1,
13)
307
±
38
Black Perch
5%
2
(1,
17)
196
±
14
Kelp Bass
5%
1
(1,
7)
440
±
61
California Halibut
4%
1
(1>
4)
1752
±
144
Shellfish*
3%
3
U>
84)
421
+
124
* Crab (spider, red, yellow, rock), mussels, abalone.
8
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TABLE 5. DESCRIPTION OF CONSUMPTION PATTERNS FOR PRIMARY FISH KEPT BY SPORTFISHERMEN
(n = 1,059)
Primary Method of Cooking
Percent of
Fi shermen
Median Consumption
Deep
Pan
Bake and
Species
Who Consume/Give Away
(g/day/person)
Fry
Fry
Charcoal Broil
Raw
Other"*
White Croaker
82%
15%
14.8
19%
64%
12%
0%
5%
Pacific Mackerel
74%
15%
35.8
10%
41%
28%
0%
21%
Pacific Bonito
77%
18%
63.6
5%
33%
43%
2%
17%
Queenfi sh
79%
13%
7.8
15%
70%
6%
1%
8%
Jacksmelt
78%
16%
9.4
17%
57%
19%
0%
7%
Walleye Perch
83%
7%
5.4
12%
69%
6%
0%
13%
Shiner Perch
67%
10%
2.0
11%
72%
8%
0%
11%
Opal eye
87%
7%
16.1
16%
56%
14%
0%
14%
Black Perch
89%
5%
8.1
18%
53%
14%
0%
15%
Kelp Bass
78%
2%
3.9
12%
55%
21%
0%
12%
California Halibut
86%
8%
143.1
13%
60%
24%
0%
3%
Shel1fi sh*
97%
0%
10.0
0%
0%
0%
0%
100%
* Crab, mussels, abalone.
** Boil, soup, steam, stew.
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TABLE 6. CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL FISH AND SHELLFISH CONSUMPTION
Consumption Rate
Percentile
(q/da.y/person)
5%
2.3
10%
4.0
20%
8.3
30%
15.5
40%
23.9
50%
36.9
60%
53.2
70%
79.8
80%
120.8
90%
224.8
95%
338.8
* Based on total grams of fish regardless of species.
Table 7 presents the median total fish consumption stratified by age,
race, site, and fishing season. The Kruskal-Wal1is analysis of variance test
indicated significantly larger consumption rates among senior citizens (65
years or older) and among the Oriental/Samoan subgroup (P < 0.001). Also,
significantly more fish were consumed from catches in site 8 (P < 0.001), a
site likely to be influenced by waste discharge.
Table 8 compares the demographic characteristics of frequent versus
infrequent fishermen. Chi-square tests of significance indicated that
frequent fishermen tended to be older, Caucasian, and lived either alone or in
a smaller family group.
Logbook data were used to estimate the size of the population of sport-
fishermen at each of the 10 sites excluding party boats. Party boats were not
included since no data were obtained on the number and size of all party boats
in the Los Angeles coastal area. Estimates were based on fishermen counts
obtained from the logbook data. Distinction was made between weekday and
weekend counts.
For each weekday (or weekend day) the recorded count in the logbook
represented the peak number of fishermen during the regular surveying hours.
Th-is count was an underestimate of the total number of fishermen at the survey
site for the entire day. The peak numbers were averaged over all site visits
to give 400 fishermen/day for all 10 sites on any weekday and 945 fishermen
per day for all 10 sites on any weekend day. These averages ere then adjusted
by weighting them by factors equal to the proportion of weekdays per year (=
261/365) and the number of weekend days per day (= 104/365). The weighted
averages were 286 fishermen per day for all 10 sites on a weighted average
weekend day. Thus, the average number of fishermen per day for any day was
286 + 269 = 555.
10
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TABLE 7. ANALYSIS OF MEDIAN CONSUMPTION RATES (g/day/person)
Age Group (years)
Median Consumption
P*
< 17
27.2
< 0.001
18 - 40
32.5
" 41-65
39.0
> 65
113.0
Race
Median Consumption
p*
Caucasian
46.0
< 0.001
Black
24.2
Mexican-American
33.0
Oriental/Samoan
70.6
Site
Median Consumption
Site Median Consumption P*
1
32.3
6,12
96.8
< 0.001
2
18.5
7
16.7
3
26.3
8
62.5
4
52.4
9
13.1
5
36.3
10
47.7
11
49.5
Season
Median Consumption
p*
Jan.-March, Nov., Dec.
36.3
NS
April - October
37.7
* P value obtained from testing the hypothesis of equality of medians using
the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric analysis of variance test procedure.8
The average number of fishermen per day by frequency of fishing (Table
9a) was calculated by multiplying this total by the corresponding proportion
of fishermen given in the fishing frequency statistics presented in Table 3.
The total number of fishermen per year was obtained by multiplying the number
of fishermen (by frequency category) by the number of days per year and
dividing by a factor to account for the fact that the same fishermen were
sometimes being counted more than once. Therefore, this factor represents the
number of times that an individual fishermen is seen during the year. From
these assumptions it was determined that there were at least 31,351 different
sportfishermen per year at Lhe 10 sites. Using data on the distribution of
family fish eaters, the total number of people who eat fish caught by the
31,351 fishermen was estimated to be at least 100,950 (Table 9b).
11
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TABLE 8. ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INFREQUENT VS. FREQUENT
SPORTFISHERMEN
Frequent
Infrequent
Sex
(3-7 times/week)
(all others)
P*
Male
86%
89%
NS
Female
14%
11%
Aqe Group (years)
< 17
8%
11%
<
0.0001
18 - 40
44%
54%
41 - 65
27%
29%
> 65
21%
6%
Race
Caucasian
59%
43%
<
0.005
Black
22%
26%
Mexican-American
10%
18%
Oriental/Samoan
9%
13%
Number of Family Members*
1
26%
14%
<
0.0001
2
33%
24%
3-4
26%
31%
5+
16%
31%
Consumption Rates (q/day/person) 127.2
27.2
<
0.001
* P values obtained from chi-square tests of homogeneity for frequency data,
and the Kruskal-Wal lis non-parametric analysis of variance test for
medians.8
T Includes fish consumers and non-consumers.
12
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TABLE S. SIZE OF POPULATION OF SPORTFISHERMEN IN SURVEY SITES
a. Total Number of
Fishermen Per Year by Freq
uency of Fishinq
Number of Fisher-
Number of Fisher-
Frequency of Fishing
% men per Day
Coefficient
men per Year
Infrequent (< 1 mo)
28 155
365/2
28,288
1-3 times/month
23 128
365/24
1,947
1-2 times/week
3b 194
365/72
983
3-4 times/week
9 50
365/182
100
5-7 times/week
5 28
365/312
33
Total
100 555
31,351
b. Total Number of Family Members Who Are Fish Eaters
Number of Family Fish Eaters % Total Number
0
2
0
1
20
6,270
2
26
16,303
3
13
12,227
4
14
17,557
5
11
17,243
6
6
11,286
7-20
8
20,064
Total
100
100,950
13
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SECTION 4
DISCUSSION
This report represents the results of a fish consumption study carried
out during 1980 to characterize sportfishermen and their catches in the
coastal regions of Los Angeles County. A total of 400 visits were made to 12
sites (Figure 1); 1,059 interviews were completed from an estimated sport-
fishing population of at least 31,351 (Table 9). The median consumption rate
was found to be 37 g/day--much higher than the average fish consumption for
the U.S. population as a whole (estimated at about 18.7 g/day).9 Although
shoreline fishermen are shown to consume fish at rates considerably above the
national average, it must be remembered that: (a) these data are biased
toward frequent fishermen since they are more likely to be interviewed at any
given time; (b) these data do not take into account consumption of store-
bought fish or dietary sources which might be displaced by eating locally
caught fish; and (c) the recorded catch may represent a fraction of the entire
catch.
The results of this study also show that there exists a regular fishing
population along the Southern California shoreline (14% fish 3 to 7 times/
week), even at sites likely to be influenced by waste discharges (sites 7 and
8). Fish caught by frequent as well as infrequent fishermen are generally
shared and consumed among at least 101,000 family members (Table 9).
The catches are dominated by a few species (Table 4) including two, white
croaker ana Pacific bonito, which accumulate trace organics including PCBs.
PCBs have long been shown to produce toxic effects in -prolonged industrial
exposure10-12 and affect children born to mothers exposed to oil contaminated
by PCB.13 They have also been found in the milk of nursing mothers in
Michigan.14
Table 10 shows the estimated 50th percentile (median) and 90th percentile
consumption levels of PCB for the edible portion of white croaker and Pacific
bonito. Data on PCB concentrations for bonito were obtained in 1975-77 by
trawl in the relative area of this survey.2 Data on PCB concentrations for
white croaker were recently reported by Young et al^.3 from fish taken in the
outer Los Angeles harbor region of Cabrillo Beach. Based on these data, which
may not be accurate for fish consumed in the present study, the annual median
level of PCBs for white croaker consumption would be 3.2 mg (14.8 g/day x 0.6
pg/g x 365 days). Similarly, the annual median level of PCBs for bonito
consumption would be 7.2 mg (63.6 g/day x 0.31 pg/g x 365 days). If one
considers the population of heavy fish eaters at the 90th percentile, the
annual consumption of PCBs would De 18.7 mg for white croaker and 37.8 mg for
bonito. However, calculation of daily dose (Table 10) at the 50th percentile
indicates a consumption below the permissible FDA guidelines of 1 pg/kg/day.
At the 90th percentile the calculated dose approaches this permissible level
14
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TABLE 10. ESTIMATED ANNUAL CONSUMPTION OF PCB* (mg)
a. 50th Percentile
Species.
Consumption
Rate
(g/day)
Concentration
of
PCB (pg/g)
Annual
Consumption
of PCB (rug)
Dose**
pg/kg/day
White Croaker
14.8
0.60
3.2
0.13
Boni to
63.6
0.31
7.2
0.28
B. 90th Percentile
Species
Consumption
Rate
(g/day)
Concentration
of
PCB (pg/g)
Annua.!
Consumption
of PCB (mg)
Dose**
pg/kg/day
White Croaker
85.2
0.60
18.7
0.73
Bonito
334.0
0.31
37.8
1.48
* Data given are for edible portion.
** Calculated as annual consumption per 70 kilogram average adult weight.
for white croaker and exceeds the level by 0.48 pg/kg/day for bonito. It is
recognized that the 90th percentile population reportedly consumes high levels
of white croaker (85.2 g/day) and bonito (334.0 g/day) which is considerably
above the estimated national average. Although fishermen in the 90th
percentile reportedly consume large amounts of fish, there is reasonable
agreement between the consumption rate and the quantity of fish in their
catch.
Despite what is known about the toxicity of PCBs, it is not yet possible
to assign with any certainty a critical risk threshold. Therefore, the
long-range public health significance of PCB contamination in humans remains
unknown. We do feel, however, that sufficient data exist to warrant further
studies. In particular, analyses of the twelve most prevalent fish being
consumed should be undertaken to identify and quantify possible contaminants.
The effect of cooking methods on levels of contaminants should also be
examined. In addition, further work is needed to determine potential
subpopulations at risk such as raw fish consumers, individuals over 65 years,
Orientals and Samoans, and frequent fishermen at site 8 (Table 7). In-depth
health assessments of these subpopulations must then be carried out.
15
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REFERENCES
1. Wine, V. 1979. Southern California Independent Sport Fishing Survey,
Annual Report #3, July 1, 1977 to June 30, 1978. Marine Resources
Region, Administrative Report 79-3.
2. Young, D. R. , T. C. Heesen, M. D. Moore, et al_. 1975-1979. DDT and PCB
contamination of seafood off Los Angeles. SCCWRP Unpublished manuscript.
3. Young, D. R. , A. J. Mearns, H. W. Puffer, and K." L. Duncan. 1979.
Pollutant Flow Through the Food Web of Los Angeles Harbor—Pilot Study.
Final Report to Sea Grant #0471584113.
4. Young, -D. R. , and T. Jan. 1976. Metals in Scallops. Southern
California Coastal Water Research Project, Annual Report.
5. Pinkas, L., V. Wine, and H. Frey. Personal communications.
6. Marine Studies of San Pedro Bay, California, Part 10, Physical Water
Qualities in Long Beach Harbor Area, D. F. Soule and M. Ouri (eds.).
Alan Hancock Foundation Report, University of Southern California, 1977.
7. Nie, N. H. , C. Hull, J. Jenkins et al_. 1975. SPSS--Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill, New York.
8. Hollander, M. , and D. A. Wolfe. 1972. Non-parametric statistical
methods. Wiley, New York.
9. Cordle, F., P. Corneliussen, C. Jelinek, et al_. Human Exposure to PCB1 s
and PBB's. Environ. Health Perspect. 1978:24, 157-172.
ID. Schwartz, L. Dermatitis from synthetic resins and waxes. Am. J. Public
Health 1936:26, 586-592.
11. Ouw, H. K. , G. R. Simpson, and 0. S. Si gali. The use and health effects
of Aroclor 1242, a polychlorinated biphenyl, in an electrical industry.
Arch. Environ. Health. 1976:31, 189-194.
12. Lloyd, J. W. , K. M. Moore, B. S. Woolf, et al_. Polychlorinated
biphenyls. J. Occup. Med. 1976:18, 109-113.
13. Yoshimura, T. Epidemiological Study on Yusho babies born to mothers who
had consumed oil contaminated by PCB. Fukuoka Acta Med. 1974:65, 74-80.
16
-------
Wickizer, T. M. , L. B. Brilliant, R. Copeland, et ah Polychlorinated
biphenyl contamination of nursing mothers' milk in Michigan. Am. J.
Public Health 1981:71, 132-137.
-------
APPENDIX A1
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey
Sampler's name
Location:
Date
Day of Week:
Mo Cay Year
Weather condition: (circle one)
~M Tu W Th Frl Sat £un
1 = sunny
2 = foggy
3 = cloudy
4 = other (specify)
Tide: 1 = high 2 = low
Time begin interviewing:
Temperature: (circle one)
1 = less than 60°F
2 = 60°F - 69°F
3 = 70°F - 79°F
4 = 80°F+-
3 = waxing 4 = waning
: a.m. /p.m.
Subject s name
Subject address
Sex: M / F
Subject #
Year of birth
Phone #
Race: (circle one)
1 = Caucasian
2 = black
3 = Mexican
4 = Samoan
5 = Oriental
6 = Other (specify)
What is your native language?
1 = English
2 = Spanish
3 = Chinese
4 = Japanese
5 = Korean
7 = other (specify)
Occupation: (circle one)
1 = under 17 years old
2 = IF 17 years old cr over, ask:
doing other things?
(a) working (specify)
Are you working or
(b)
(c)
(d)
type duration
housekeepi ng
student
doing other things
3 = IF (d) checked, and person is 45 yrs. of older, ask:
Are you retired: Yes / No
What city do you live in? Zip Code
Do you generally fish in this area? Yes T No
How often (on the average) do you fish in this area?
6=3 times a week
1 = daily including weekends
2 = daily except weekends
3 = just weekends
4 = once a week
5 = twice a week
11 = other (specify)
7=4 times a week
8 = once a month
9 = twice a month
10 = 3 times a month
How long have you been fishing here today?
How many members in your family are living together now?
How many of them are adult fish eaters?
How many of them are children fish eaters?
Disposition: (circle one)
1 = interviewed - complete
2 = interviewed partial (refused to continue)
3 = refused - reason (specify)
4 = other (specify)
Time finished:
a.m. / p.m.
Date of form design 12/27/79
Date of form revision 1/5/80
Sampler I.D.
±
Zone #
Date
Day of week
2 3
4~ 5~ 6~ T 8~ 9~
10
11
12
13
14 15 16 17
18 19 20
Weather
Temperature
Tide
Time begin
Subject #
Sex
Birth year
Race
Native language
Occupation
Zip code _
Fish in area
How often fishing
# of hours fishing
# of family
# of adult fish eaters
41 42
# of children fish eaters
21
22 23
24
25
26 27 28
29 30 3l 32 33
34
35 36
37 38
39 40
43 44
73
Disposition
Time finished
74 75 76 77
Total # of type of fish
Card No.
78 79
1^
80
18
-------
APPENDIX A2
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey
Sampler's name
Subject number __Date
Month Day Year
How often do you eat fish in general?
Do you stock your fish in freezer for later consumption?
Yes / No
Do you fish in this area?
Gerald Desmond Bridge
Yes
/
No
Queen Mary
Yes
/
No
Cabrillo Pier
Yes
/
No
Palos Verdes Peninsula
(a) Point Fermin
Yes
/
No
(b) White Point
Yes
/
No
(c) Abalone Cover
Yes
/
No
Hermosa Pier
Yes
/
No
Redondo Pier
Yes
/
No
Other
(Code 81s if White Croaker is caught)
Do you catch White Croaker? Yes / No
Do you eat it? Yes / No
If YES, how do you cook it?
1 = charcoal broi 1
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 - pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
(Code 8's if Queen Fish is caught)
Do you catch Queen Fish? Yes / No
Do you eat it? Yes / No
If YES, how do you cook it?
1 = charcoal broil
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
Date of form design 12/27/79
Date of form revision
3/11/80
How often eat fish?
49 50
Stock fish
51
Fish in this area?
52
53
54
55
56
57
White Croaker
Eat
Way cook
Queen Fish
62
Eat
63
Way cook
64 65
58
59
60 61
19
-------
APPENDIX A3
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey
Sampler's name
Subject number
Date
(duplicate columns 1-20)
Write in Do not write
Write in Do
not wr^te
Type of fish/
21 22 23 24
Type of fish/
shellfish
shel1 fish
33
34 35 36
How many
How many
25 26
37 38
Primary usage (circle
one)
1 = eat
2 = feed to pet
3 = give away
4 = use as ferti1i zer
5 = throw back
6 = use as bait
7 = other (specify)
Primary usage (circle)
one)
29 1 = eat
2 = feed to pet
3 = give away
4 = use as fertilizer
5 = throw back
6 = use as bait
7 = other (specify)
29
If eaten, method of
cooking:
1 = charcoal broil 30 31
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
(a) butter
(b) tomato sauce
(c) garlic or
other spices
5 = steam
6 = boi1
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
Do you every eat it
raw? Yes / No 32
eaten, method of
cooking:
1 = charcoal broil 42 43
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
(a) butter
(b) tomato sauce
(c) garlic or
other spices
5 - steam
6 = boi1
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
Do you ever eat it
raw? Yes / No 44
Observation: Way fish is kept (circle one) Way kept
1 = in a bucket of water 79
2 = in an ice chest
3 = 1et dry in air
4 = i n sack
5 = specify Card no. 2_
80
20
-------
APPENDIX A4
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey
Sampler's name
Subject number
Date
(duplicate columns.1-20)
Write in Do
not write
Write in
Do
not write
Type of fish/
Type of fish/
shellfish 45
46 47 48
shelIfish
57
58 59
60
How many
How many
49 50
51
52
List average weight
List average weight
51 52
53
54
Primary usage (circle
Primary usage (circle)
one)
one)
1 = eat
53
1 = eat
65
2 = feed to pet
2 = feed to pet
3 = give away
3 = give away
4 = use as fertilizer
4 = use as fertilizer
5 = throw back
5 = throw back
6 = use as bait
6 = use as bait
7 = other (specify)
7 = other (specify)
If eaten, method of
cooking:
1 = charcoal broil 54 55
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
(a) butter
(b) tomato sauce
(c) gar!ic or
other spices
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
Do you every eat it
raw? Yes / No 56
eaten, method of
cooking:
1 = charcoal broil 66 67
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
(a) butter
(b) tomato sauce
(c) garlic or
other spices
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other (specify)
Do you ever eat it
raw? Yes / No 68
Observation: Way fish is kept (circle one) Way kept
1 = in a bucket of water 79
2 - in an ice chest
3 = let dry in air
4 = in sack
5 = specify Card no. 2_
80
21
-------
APPENDIX B1
INSTRUCTIONS TO SURVEYORS
Survey Method
Rules in conducting the interview.
1. Interview people only once. Methods of avoiding repetition:
(a) by recognition
(b) If no recognition, then ask:
(i) Have you been interviewed for the "U.S.C. Fish Usage
Survey" before?
(i i) If YES, ask when.
If before January 1, 1980, then proceed with the
interview.
If after January 1, 1981, then S~0P.
If they agree to the interview, then give the individual the Surveyor's
business card, thanking him/her for participating in this "U.S.C. Fish
Usage Survey." The handling out of the I.D. card will identify this
particular survey.
2. Do not interview anyone without any fish caught. Go back to
that individual later.
Sample Size
Count the number of fishermen at time of entry. Fill in
the log form. Break a day into two sections as morning
and afternoon.
(a) If the number of fishermen is equal to or less than
twenty, then proceed to interview them all.
(b) If number is 20 - 40, then interview every other one.
(c) If number is 40 - 60, then interview every third one.
(d) If number is 60 - 80, then interview every fourth one.
Random Sampling
By flipping coin to
(a) designate a type (either A or B)
(i) If "head" turns up, then
Surveyor with odd number,
i.e., #1 or #3 = A
(ii) If "tail" turns up, then
Surveyor with odd number = B
(b) Choose a pattern
(i) If "head" turns up, then use this pattern:
Pick a land mark as the approximate middle.
Surveyor with even
number, i.e., #2
or #4 = B
Surveyor with even
number = A
A
B
-------
APPENDIX B2
(ii) If "tail" turns up, A starts at one end, B starts at
middle, and both go in the same direction.
B. Method for Filling Out Questionnaire
Location: (Refer to the hand out maps). The choice sites are:
1.
Belmont Beach Pier
2.
Queen Mary
3.
Gerald Desmond Bidge
4.
Navy Mole
5.
Cabrillo Beach
6.
Party Boat
7.
Point Fermin, White Point, Abalone Cove
8.
Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach
9.
Marina Del Rey
10.
Venice
11.
Santa Monica
12.
Party Boat
Weather condition:
Determine by the condition at the time when the interview begins.
Temperature:
Determine by the readings indicated on the thermometer. Each
surveyor should bring along a thermometer.
Tide:
If a distinction of whether high or low tide cannot be made, use the
additional choices of waxing—water conditions approaching high
tide, and waning--water conditions approaching low tide.
Time of interview:
Determine by the use of a watch, recording hours and minutes.
Subject number:
Assign each interviewee a number starting the first one with number
1 so on numerically. A number list is provided to each surveyor to
aid him/her in remembering the last person he/she interviewed. Just
make sure to cross off each number for each interview made.
Occupation:
Try to single out retiree and minor. If column 2 is filled, then
follow up with questions on occupations. The key word is primary--
any job that is held for a duration of at least a year. The phrase
"doing other things" means the person is not formally employed at
this moment.
Do you generally fish in the area?
"Area" refers to the location that is being interviewed at. Substi-
tute the name of the location for area where the question is asked.
Subject number:
Should match the same number as assigned on page 1.
23
-------
APPENDIX B3
Type of fish/shellfish:
Refers to one type of fish/shellfish--to be recorGed in each column.
Thus, two types of fish/shellfish can be recorded on a page. Addi-
tional types of fish/shellfish have to be recorded on second page.
How many:
Actual count of type of fish/shel1fish being caught.
List average weight:
Determine by the use of a scale. If amount of fish/shellfish is ^3,
weigh all, then take the average. If type of fish/shellfish caught
is >3, weigh any random 3 and take the average.
Primary usage:
If an interviewee gave more than one answer, then try to prompt
him/her to furnish more information so that a decision can be made
as to answer the key question of "What happens to the majority of
this type of fish/shellfish?"
If eaten, method of cooking:
If two answers are given, then prompt him/her to tell which is
his/her favorite way of cooking this particular type of fish/
shellfish.
24
-------
APPENDIX B4
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey Log Sheet
Date Day of WeeK Location Time No. of People Fishing Comment
Male Female Children
25
-------
APPENDIX B5
U.S.C. Fish Usage Survey Time Card
Field Surveyor: Month:
Date: Day of Week: Location: Time:
26
-------
APPENDIX CI
Code Explanation for U.S.C. Fish Survey
SPSS
Variable
List Column
ID 1
Variable
Sampler's name
Code
Code Instruction
1 = Corinne
2 = Donna
3 = John
4 = Tim
There are four Surveyors.
Each is assigned a number.
Zone
2-3 Location, Zone #
Date
4-9
Date
1 = Belmont Beach °ier
2 = Queen Mary
3 = Gerald Desmond
Bridge
4 = Navy Mole
5 = Cabrillo Beach
6 = Party Boat
7 = Point Fermin, White
Point, Abalone Cove
8 = Redondo Beach
9 = Marina Del Rey
10 = Venice
11 = Santa Monica
12 = Party Boat
Month
Day
Year
There are a
sites.
total of 12 choice
Columns 4-5 are for coding of
"month." Code 01 as in Jan.
and 10 as in Oct., etc.
Columns 6-7 are for coding of
"day." Code 08 for the 8th,
etc.
Columns 8-9 are for coding of
the year. Code 79 for 1979
and 80 for 1980.
DWK
10
Day of week
WEATH
11
Weather
1 = Monday
2 = Tuesday
3 = Wednesday
4 = Thursday
5 = Friday
6 = Saturday
7 = Sunday
1 = sunny
2 = foggy
3 = cloudy
4 = other
27
-------
APPENDIX C2
SPSS
Variable
List Column Variable
TEMP 12 Temperature
Code
Code Instruction
1 = less than 60°F
2 = 60°F - 60°F
3 = 70°F - 79°F
4 = 80°F +
TIDE 13
SEX
21
Tide
TIMEB 14-17 "'ime begin
i nterviewi ng
SUB 18-20 Subject
Sex
1 = high
2 = low
3 = waxing
4 = waning
hours and minutes
Each subject is assigned
a number and follows a
sequential order.
1 = male
2 = female
Columns 14 and 15 are for
coding of hours. Code 09 for
9 a.m. and 15 for 3 p.m., etc
Columns 16 and 17 are for
coding of minutes. Code 40
for forty minutes, etc.
Code 004 for #4 and 082 for
#82 and 110 for #110, etc.
BYR 22-23 Year of Birth
80 = unknown
Code C2 for 1902 and 34 for
1945, etc. and code 80 for
unknown.
RACE 24
Race
1 = Caucasian
2 = Black
3 = Mexican
4 = Samoan
5 = Oriental
6 = other
9 = unknown
NLG
25 Native language
1 = English
2 = Spanish
3 = Chinese
4 = Japanese
5 = Korean
6 = Filipino
7 = Other
9 = unknown
28
-------
APPENDIX C3
SPSS
VariaDle
List Column
Variable
OC
26
Occupation
Code
1 = student
2 = employed
3 = retired
4 = unemployed
5 = housewi fe
9 = unknown
EMPL
27-28
Employment
2 =
3 =
4 =
5 =
6 =
7 =
8 =
9 =
10 =
= professional,
technical, and
kindred workers
managers and
admi ni strators
sales workers
clerical and kindred
workers
craftsmen, foremen,
and kindred workers
equipment operatives
including transport
laborers except farm
workers
farm workers
service workers,
including private
household workers
armed forces and
public service
workers (see
Appendix 1 for more
detai1ed
classification)
ZIP 29-33
FIAR
34
Zip Code
Fish in area
According to the mailing
code number as used by
the postal service.
1 = yes
2 = no
HOFL 35-36 How often 1 = daily
fishing 2 = daily except weekends
3 = just weekends
4 = once a week
5 = twice a week
6=3 times a week
7=4 times a week
8 = once a month
9 = twice a month
10 = 3 times a month
11 = other
29
-------
APPENDIX C4
SPSS
Variable
List Column
HOEF1
STFL
Variable
HFRL 37-38 Number of hours
fishing
FAM 39-40 Number in family
AFIE
CFIE 43-44
41-42 Number of adult
fish eaters
49-50
Number of
children fish
eaters
How often eat
fish
51
Stock fish
Code
1 = daily, including
weekends
2 = daily, except
weekends
3 = just weekends
4 = once a week
5 = twice a week
6=3 times a week
7=4 times a week
8 = once a month
9 = twice a month
10 = 3 times a month
11 = other
1 = yes
2 = no
GDB
52
Fish in Gerald
1
—
yes
.Desmond Bridge
2
~
no
QM
53
Fish in Queen
1
—
yes
Mary
2
-
no
GAB
54
Fish in Cabrillo
1
=
yes
Beach
2
=
no
PVP
55
Fish in Palos
1
—
yes
Verdes
2
=
no
HER
56
Fish in Hermosa
1
=
yes
Pier
2
=
no
MAN
57
Fish in Mahattan
1
=
yes
Pier
2
=
no
Code Instruction
Code 02 for two hours of
fishing and 12 for twelve
hours of fishing, etc.
Code 04 for four members of
family, and 10 for ten, etc.
If no children in the family,
code it as 88 not applicable.
If no fish eaters, code 00 in
the space provided.
30
-------
APPENDIX C5
SPSS
Variable
List Column
Variable
WCROK
WEAT
WCOOK
58
59
60-61
White Croaker
caught
Eat
Way cook
QUF1 62
QEAT 63
0 64-65
Queen fish
caught
Eat
Way cook
TIMEF
74-77
Code
Code Instruction
1 = yes
2 = no
1 = yes
2 = no
1 = charcoal broil
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boi1
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other
1 = yes
2 = no
1 = yes
2 = no
1 = charcoal brci1
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other
Time finished Hours and minutes
Columns 74 and 75 are for
coding of hours. Code 08 for
8 a.m and 14 for 2 p.m., etc.
Columns 76 and 77 are for
coding of minutes. Code 40
for forty minutes, etc.
NTYF1
CARDN1
78-79
80
Total number of
type of fish
Card numbers
1 = subject information
2 = fish card
Note: cede 8ls for not applicable; code 9's for unknown.
31
-------
APPENDIX C6
SPSS
Variable
Li st Column
TPFI1 1-20
TPFI1 21-24
AMT1 25-26
VTT1 27-28
USA1 29
MC00K1 30-31
ERAW1
32
Variable
Recap and
duplicate
information from
Card 1
Type of fish/
shel1fi sh
How many fish
caught?
List average
weight
Primary usage
If eaten, method
of cooking
Ever eat raw?
TPFI2 33-36 Second type of
fish/shelIfish
AMT2 37-38 How many
WF2 39-40 List average
weight
Code
Use the same codes as
used by Department of
Fish and Game (see
Appendix II).
Estimate in ounces.
1 = eat
2 = feet to pet
3 = give away
4 = use as ferti1izer
5 = throw back
6 = use as bait
7 = other
1 = charcoal broi1
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boi1
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other
1 = yes
2 = no
Use the same codes as
used by Department of
Fish and Game (see
Appendix II)
Estimate in ounces.
Code Instructi
32
-------
APPENDIX C7
SPSS
Variable
List
USA2
Column
41
Variable
Primary usage
Code
Code Instruction
1 = eat
2 = feed to pet
3 = give away
4 = use as ferti1izer
5 = throw back
6 = use as bait
7 = other
MC00K2 42-43
If eaten, method
of cooking
1 = charcoal broil
2 = bake
3 = deep fry
4 = pan fry
5 = steam
6 = boil
7 = make soup
8 = raw
9 = stew
10 = other
ERAW2
44
Ever eat raw?
1 = yes
2 = no
WFIK
79 Way fish is kept
1 = in a bucket of water
2 = in an ice chest
3 = let dry in air
4 = in sack
5 = other
CARDN2
80
Card number
1 = subject information
card
2 = fish card
Note: Code 8's for not applicable
Code 9's for unknown
33
-------
APPENDIX C8
DEFINITION OF OCCUPATIONS
1. Professional, technical, and kindred workers:
(a) Engineers, technical
(b) Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners
tc) Medical and other health workers except practitioners
(d) Teachers: elementary, secondary, and college
2. Managers and administrators, except farm:
Salaried and self-employed: manufacturing, retail trade, and other
industries
3. Sales workers:
Manufacturing and wolesale trade
Retail trade
Other sales workers
4. Clerical and kindred workers:
Bookkeepers
Secretaries, stenographers, typists, and other clerical workers
5. Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers:
Auto mechanics and body repair men
Machinists
Metal craftsmen
Carpenters
Construction craftsmen and other craftsmen
6. Equipment operatives including transport:
Truck drivers and other transport
Equipment operatives
Durable goods, manufacturing
Nondurable goods, manufacturing, and other non-manufacturing
industries
7. Laborers, except farm:
Construction laborers
Freight, stock, and material handlers and other laborers
8. Farm workers:
Farm laborers, unpaid family workers
9. Service workers, including private household:
Cleaning service workers
Food service workers
Health service workers
Personal service workers
Protective service workers
10. Armed forces and public service workers:
Navy, Marine, Air Force, Coast Guard, Army
Policemen, Firemen
Postal service man
34
-------
APPENDIX C9
CODES FOR TYPES OF FISH/SHELLFISH
Soupfin shark
0110
Blue rockfish
2330
Petrale sole
3103
Thresher shark
0111
Bocaccio
2334
Rock sole
3105
Gray smoothhound
0135
Canary rockfish
2335
Diamond turbot
3106
Blue shark
0137
Grass rockfish
2337
Spotted turbot
3107
Banjo fish (shark)
0138
Rosy rockfish
2339
Brown smoothhound
0139
Flag rockfish
2341
Sargo
3200
Spiny dogfish
0163
Olive rockfish
2344
Guitarfish
0212
Treefish
2345
Pampano
3300
Thornback
0213
Honeycomb rockfish
2346
Jack mackerel
3310
Bat ray
0240
Greenblotch rockfish
2363
Mexican scad
3312
Unident. RF fillets
2398
Silver salmon
1103
Cow cod
2399
Striped shore crab
5002
King salmon
1105
Redstriped rockfish
2390
Rock carb
5003
Pacific hake
1303
Red crab
5005
California lizardfish
1525
Sculpi n
2453
Yellow crab (dungeness)
5006
Cabezon
2410
Spider crab
5007
Kelp bass (calico bass)
2003
Blue crab (callinecter)
5008
Spotted sand bass
2005
White seabass
2504
Barred sand bass
2006
White croaker
2509
Spiny lobster
5145
Striped bass
2007
Spotfin croaker
2511
Queenfish (herring)
2512
Abalone - general
5400
Barred perch
2104
Corbina
2513
Pine abalone
5412
Shiner surfperch
2105
Black croaker
2514
Black abalone
5413
Black surfperch
2107
Yellowfin croaker
2508
Green abalone
5415
Striped surfperch
2108
Red abalone
5416
Walleye surfperch
2110
Ocean whitefish
2610
White abalone
5417
Rainbow surfperch
2112
Halfmoon
2621
White surfperch
2116
Opal eye
2625
Rock seal lop
5524
Rubberlip surfperch
2117
Rock wrasse
2631
Pile surfperch
2118
Senorita
2632
Albacore
5600
Redtail surfperch
2119
California sheephead
2633
Silver surfperch
2120
Blacksmith
2640
Sea urchin (red)
5710
Garibaldi
2641
Sea urchin (purple)
5711
Pacific mackerel
2209
Lingcod
2664
Pismo clams
5712
Pacific bonito
2210
Sablefish
2668
Littleheck clams
5713
Topsmelt
2691
Mussel (California)
5714
Rock fish
2301
Jacksmelt
2692
Mussel (bay)
5715
Kelp rockfish
2302
Whelk (snail)
5716
Brown rockfish
2304
California barracuda
2720
Gopher rockfish
2307
Giant kepfish
2757
Octopus
5800
Copper rockfish
2308
Fringehead and
Chi ton
5850
Greenspotted rockfish
2309
other clinids
2758
Starry rockfish
2311
Smooth ronquil
2759
Squid
5900
Greenstriped rockfish
2315
Anemone
5950
Chili pepper
2319
Salema
2800
White bellied rockfish
2320
Triggerfish
6000
Widow rockfish
2316
Pacific sanddab
3001
Yellowtail rockfish
2318
Bigrnouth sole
3004
Squarespot rockfish
2322
California halibut
3005
Vermilion rockfish
2329
35
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