CHLORSULFURON (Glean)
2-chloro-N-{(4-methoxy-6-methyl-l,3,5-triazin-
2-yl)aminocarbonyl)benzenesulfonamide
PESTICIDE REGISTRATION STANDARD
EPA-540-RS-82-011
E.I. duPont de Nemours & Co.
Blochemicals Department
Wilmington, DE 19898
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide and Toxic Substances
401 N. St. SW
Washington, DC 20460
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ft. 0m—tm n*.
.51 •
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ADDENDUM
The registration standard for Chlorsulfuron (Glean) was
prepared jointly by EPA's Office of Pesticide Program
(EPA/OPP) rnd E. I. duPont de Nemours 6 Co. Further Informa-
tion regarding this standard may be obtained from the Product
Manager, Mr. Robert Taylor, EPA/OPP, 401 M Street, S.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20460, telephone (703) 557-1800.
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Chlorsulf uron Registration Standard
Table nt Content#
Chapter I - How to Register Under a Registration Standard 1
Organisation of the Standard 1
Purpose of the Standard 1
Requirement to Reregister Under the Standard 3
"Product Specific" Data and "Generic" Data 3
Data Compensation Requirements under FIFRA 3(c)(1)(D) 5
Obtaining Data to Fill "Data Gaps," FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B) 6
Amendments to the Standard 7
Chapter IX - Regulatory Position 8
Introduction 8
Description of Chemical 8
Regulatory Positlon/Chlorsulfuron as Sole Active 8
Regulatory Rationale 9
Criteria for Registration Under the Standard 9
Required Labeling 12
Tolerance Assessment 12
Chapter III - Sianary of Data Requirements and Data Gaps 14
Chapter IV - Product Chemistry 38
Product Chenistry - Technical Chloraulfuron 38
Physical and Chemical Properties 38
Smeary of Major Data Gcps 39
Chapter V - Environmental Fate 40
Use Profile 40
environmental Fate Swaary 41
Degradation 41
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Metabolise 41
Mobility 41
Dissipation ..42
Accumulation 42
Drift 42
Exposure Profile 42
Siswary of Kajor D-'ita Gaps 43
Chapter VI - Toxicology 44
Toxicology Sinaury - Technical Chlorsulfuron 44
Acute Toxicity 44
Subchronic Toxicity 45
Chronic Toxicity 45
Mutagenicity 46
Mstabolisn 46
Toxicology Suanary - chlorsulfuron Formulations 46
Suaaary of Major Data Gaps 47
Chapter VII - Residue Chemistry 48
Chapter VIII - Ecological Effects 64
Ecological Effects Profile 64
Sunaary of Major Data Gaps 64
Bibliography 65
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HOW TO REGISTER
UNDER A REGISTRATION STANDARD
Organisation of ths standard
This first chapter explains the purpose of a Registration Standard and
stawarlzes the legal principles Involved in registering or reregistering
under a Standard. The second chapter sets forth the requidrements that
must be net to obtain or retain registration for products covered by this
particular Registration Standard. Xn the remaining chapters the Agency
reviews the available data by scientific discipline, discusses the Agency's
concerns with the identified potential hazards, and logically develops the
conditions and requirements that would reduce those hazards to acceptable
levels.
Purpose of the Standard
Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (PIPRA)
provides that "no person in any State nay distribute, sell, offer for sale,
hold for sale, ship, deliver for shipment, or receive (and having so received)
deliver or offer to deliver, to any person any pesticide which is not regist-
ered with the Administrator (of EPA)." To approve the registration of a
pesticide, the Administrator must find, pursuant to Section 3(c)(5), that!
"(A) its composition is such as to warrant the proposed claims for it;
(8) its labeling and other material required to be submitted comply
with the requirements of this Act;
(C) it wUl perform its intended function without unreasonable adverse
effects on the environment; and
(D) when used in accordance with widespread and commonly recognized
practice it will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects
on the environment."
In making these findings, the Agency reviews a wide range of data which
registrants are required to submit and assesses the risks and benefits
associated with the use of the proposed pesticide. But the established
approach to making these findings has been found to be defective on two
counts.
Pirst, EPA and its predecessor agency, the United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA), routinely reviewed registration applications on a
"product by product" basis, evaluating each product-specific application
somewhat independently. In the review of products containing similar
components, there was little opportunity for retrospect-ive review of the
full range of pertinent data available in Agency files and in the public
literature. Thus the "product by product" approach was often inefficient
and soostimes resulted in inconsistent or incomplete regulatory judgments.
Second, over the years, as a result of inevitable and continuing advances in
scientific taovledge, methodology, and policy, the data base for many pesti-
cides came to be considsred inadequate by current scientific and regulatory
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standards. Given the long history of pesticide regulation in several agen-
cies, it is even likely that materials may have been lost from the data
files. When EPA Issued new requirements for registration in 1975 (40 CPR
162) and proposed new guidelines for haeard in 1978 (43 PR 29606, July 10,
1978, and 43 PR 37336, August 22. 1978), many products that had already been
registered for years were beirg sold and used without the same assurances
of hinan and environmental safety as were being required for new products.
Because of this Inconsistency, Congress directed EPA to reregister all
previously registered products, to as to bring their registrations and
their data bases into compliance w.'th current requirements. (See PIPRA
Section 3(g)] .
Pacing the enormous job of re-reviewing and calllng-in new data for the
approxinately 35,000 current registrations, and realizing the inefficiencies
of the "product by product" approach, the Agency decided that a new, nore
effective aethod of review was needed.
A new review procedure has bee.. developed. Under it, CPA publishes docuaents
called Registration Standards, each of which discusses a particular pesticide
active ingredient. Bach Registration Standard stamarises all the data
available to the Agency on a particular active ingredient and its current
uses, and sets forth the Agency's comprehensive position on the conditions
and requirements for registration of all existing and future products which
contain that active Ingredient. These conditions and requirements, all of
which aust be net to obtain or retain full registration or reregistration
under Section 3(c)(5) of P1PRA, include the submission of needed scientific
data which the Agency does not now have, compliance with standards of
toxicity, composition, labeling, and packaging, and satisfaction of the data
compensation provisions of FIFRA section 3(c)(1)(D).
The Standard will also serve as a tool for product classification. As part
of the registration of a pesticide product, EPA may classify each product for
"general use" or "restricted use" [PIPRA Section 3(d)]. A pesticide is classi-
fied for "restricted use" when some special regulatory restriction is needed to
ensure against unreasonable adverse effects to man or the environment. Hany
such risks of unreasonable adverse effects can be lessened if expressly-designed
label precautions are strictly followed. Thus the special regulatory restric-
tion for a "restricted use" pesticide is usually a requirement that it be applied
only by, or under the supervision of, an applicator who has been certified by the
State or Federal government as being competent to use pesticides safely, respons-
ibly, and in accordance with label directions. A restricted-use pesticide can
have other regulatory restrictions [40 CPR 162.11(c)(5)] Instead of, or in addi-
tion to, the certified applicator requirement. These other regulatory restric-
tions may Include such actions as seasonal or regional limitations on use, or a
requirement for the monitoring of reaidus levels after use. A pesticide classi-
fied for "general use," or not classified at all, is available for use by any
Individual who is in compliance with State or local regulations. The Registra-
tion Standard review compares information about potential adverse effects of
specific uses of the pesticide with risk critsria listed in 40 CPR 162.11(c),
and thereby determines whether a product needs to be classified for "restricted
use." If the Standard does classify a pesticide for "restricted use," this
determination is stated in the second chapter.
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Requlrea»nt to Rereqlste r Under the 8tindsrd
riPRA Section 3(g), as aaended in 1970, directs BPA to reregister ell currently
registered product* as expeditiously as possible* Congress also agreed that
reregistration should be accomplished by the use of Registration Standards*
Bach registrant of a currently registered product to which this Standard
applies, and who wishes to continue to sell or distribute his product in
cooaerce, aust apply for reregistration. His application aust contain
proposed labeling that coaplies with this Standard.
CPA will issue a notice of intent to cancel the registration of any currently
registered product to which this Standard applies if the registrant falls
to coaply with the procedures for registration set forth in the Guidance
Package which accoapanies this Standard.
"Product Specific* Data and "Generic* Data
In the course of developing this Standard, EPA has determined the types of
data needed for evaluation of the properties and effects of products to which
the Standard applies, in the disciplinary areas of product Chemistry,
environmental Pate, Toxicology, Residue Cheaistry, and Ecological Effects.
These determinations are based primarily on the data Guidance prposed in
1970 (43 FR 29696, July 10, 1978, and 43 PR 37336, August 22, 1978), as
applied to the use patterns of the products to which this Standard applies.
Where it appears that data free a normally applicable Guidelines requirement
were actually unnecessary to evaluate these products, the Standard indicates
that the requirement has been waivsd. On the other hand, in soee cases
studies not required by the Guidelines aay be needed because of the particular
coapositlon or use pattern of products the Standard covers; if so, the
Standard explains the Agency's reasoning. Data guidelines have not yet been
proposed for the Residue Chemistry discipline, but the requireaents for such
data have been in effect for soae tiae and are, the Agency believes, relative-
ly faailiar to registrants. Data which we have found are needed to evaluate
the registrability of soae products covered by the Standard nay not be needed
for the evaluation of other products, depending upon the coapositlon, forau-
lation type, and intended uses of the product in question. The Standard
states which data requireaents apply to which product categories. (See the
third chapter.) The various kinds of data normally required for registration
of a pesticide product can be divided into two basic groups:
(A) data that are "product specifici.e., data that relate only to
the properties or effects of a product with a particular coa-
positlon (or a group of products with closely siailar coapositlon);
and
(B) "generic" data that pertain to the properties or effects of a
particular ingredient, and thus are relevant to an evaluation of
the risks and benefits of all products containing that ingredient
(or all such products having a certain use pattern), regardless of
any such product's unique coapositlon.
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The Agency requires certain "product specific" data for each product to char'
acterire the product's particular composition and phyaical/ch««ical properties
(Product Chemistry), and to characterise the product's acute toxicity (•~hich
la a faction of ita total composition). The applicant for registration or
reregietrstion of any product, whether it is a manufacturing-use or end-use
product, and without regard to its intended use pattern, muat subset or cite
enough of this kind of data to allow EPA to evaluate the product. For such
purposes, "product specific" data on any product other than the applicant's
ia irrelevant, unless the other product is closely similar in composition to
the applicant's. (Where it has been found practicable to group similar pro-
ducts for purposes of evaluating, with a single set of tests, all products
in the group, the Standard so indicates.) "Product specific" data on the
efficacy of particular end-use products are required where the exact formu-
lation may affect efficacy and where failure of efficacy could cause public
health problems.
All other data needed to evaluate pesticide products concern the properties
or effects of a particular ingredient of producta (normally a pesticidally
active ingredient, but in some cases a pesticidally inactive, or "inert,"
ingredient). Some data in this "generic" category are required to evaluate
the properties and effects of all products containing that Ingredient (e.g.,
the acute LDjq of the active Ingredient in its technical or purer grader
see proposed 40 CPR 163.81—1(a), 43 PR 37355).
Other "generic" data are required to evaluate all products which both contain
a particular ingredient and are intended for certain uses (see, e.g., proposed
40 CPR 163.82-1, 43 PR 37363, which requires subchronlc oral testing of the
active Ingredient with respect to certain use patterns only). Where a parti-
cular data requirment is use-pattern dependent, it will apply to each end-use
product which is to be labeled for that use pattern (except where such end-use
product is formulated from a regiatered manufacturing-use product permitting
such formulations) and to each manufacturing-use product with labeling that
allows it to be used to make end-use products with that use pattern. Thus,
for example, a subchronlc oral dosing study is needed to evaluate the safety
of any manufacturing-use product that legally could be used to make an end-use,
food-crop pesticide. But if an end-use product's label specified it was for
use only in ways that involved no food/feed exposure and no repeated hman ex-
posure, the subchronlc oral dosing study would not be required to evaluate the
product's safety) and if a manufacturing-use product's label states that the
product id for uae only in making end-use products not involving food/feed use
or repeated hiaan exposure, that subchronlc oral study would not be relevant
to the evaluation of the manufacturing-uae product either.
If a regiatrant of a currently registered manufacturing-use or end-use product
wishes to avoid the costs of data compensation [under PZPRA Section 3(c)(1)(D)]
or data generation [wider Section 3(c)(2)(B))]f for "generic" data that are
required only with respect to some use patterna, he may elect to delete those
use patterns from his labeling at the tiae he reregisters his product. An
applicant for registration of a new product under this Standard may similarly
request approval for only certain use patterns.
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Pat* Compensation Requirements Under PIPRA 3(c)(1)(D)
Under PIPRA Section 3(c)(1)(D), art applicant for registration, reregistration,
or amended ragiatratlon must offar to pay compensation for cartaln existing
data the Agency has used In developing the Ragiatratlon Standard. The data
for which compensation must be offered are all data which are described by
all of the following criteria:
(1) the data were first submitted to EPA (or to Its predecessor
agencies, USDA or PDA), on or after January 1, 1970}
(2) the data were aubmltted to EPA (or USDA or PDA) by some other
applicant or registrant in support of an application for an
experimental use peneit, an amendment adding a new use to a
registration/ or for reregistration, or to support or maintain
an existing registration;
(3) the data are relevant to the Agency's decision to register or
reregister the applicant's product under the Ragiatratlon Standard,
taking into account the applicant's product's composition and
intet.ded use pattern(s))
(4) the data are determined by EPA to be valid and usable in reaching
regulatory conclusions; and
(5) the data are not those for which the applicant has been exempted
by PIPRA Section 3(c)(2)(D) fro© the duty to offer to pay compen-
sation. (This exemption applies to the "generic" data concerning
the safety of an active ingredient of the applicant's product, not
to "product specific" data. The exemption is available only to
applicants whose product la labeled for end-uses for which the
active ingredient in question is present in the applicant'a product
because of hie use of another registered product containing that
active ingredient which he purchases froa another producer.)
An applicant for reregistration of an already registered product wder this
Standard, or for registration of a new product under this Standard, accordingly
must determine which of the data used by EPA in developing the Standard must
be the subject of an offer to pay compensation, and must submit with his
application the appropriate statements evidencing his compliance with PIPRA
Section 3(c)(1)(D).
An applicant would never be required to offer to pay for "product specific"
data submitted by another firm. In many, if not in most cases, data which
are specific to another firm'a product will not suffice to allow EPA to
evaluate the applicant's product; that is, will not be useful to the Agency
in determining whether the applicant'a product is registrable. There may be
cases, however, where because of close similarities between the composition
of two or more products, another firm's data may suffice to allow EPA to
evaluate some or all of the "product specific" aapects of the applicant's
product. Zn such s case, the applicant may choose to cite those data Instead
of submtting data from teats on his own product, and if he chooses that
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option, he would have to comply with the Section 3(c)(1)(D) requirements with
respect to eech itea of "generic" data that relates to hie product's intended
uses.
Bach applicant for rsglstration or rereglstration of a manufacturing-use
product, and each applicant for registration or rereglstration of an end-use
product, who is not exempted by PXFRA Section 3(c)(2)(D), must comply with
the Section 3(c)(1)(D) requirements with respect to each itea of "generic"
data that relates to his product's Intended uses.
A detailed description of the procedures an applicant must follow in applying
for rereglstration (or new registration) under this Standard is found in the
Guidance Package for this Standard.
Obtaining Data to Pill "Data Gapai" FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)
Sons of the kinds of data EPA needs for its evaluation of the properties and
effects of products to which this Standard applies have never been submitted
to the Agency (or, if submitted, have been found to have deficiencies render-
ing then inadequate for making registration decisions) and have not been
located in the published literature search that BPA conducted as part of
preparing this Standard. Such instances of missing but required data are
referred to in the Standard as "data gaps."
FIFRA Section 3(c)(2)(B), added to FIPRA by the Congress in 1978, authorizes
BPA to require registrants to whom a data requirement applies to generate (or
otherwise produce) data to fill such "gaps" and submit those data to BPA.
BPA must allow a reasonably sufficient period for this to be accomplished.
If a registrant falls to take appropriate and timely steps to fill the data
gaps identified by a Section 3(c)(2)(B) order, his product's registration
may be suspended until the data are submitted. A mechanism is provided where-
by two or more registrants may agree to share in the costs of producing data
for which they are both responsible.
The Standard lists, in the third chapter, the "generic" data gaps and notes
the classes of products to which these data gaps pertain. The standard also
points out that, to be registrable under the Standard, a product must be
supported by certain required "product specific" data. In sosm casee, the
Agency may possess sufficient "product specific" data on one currently reg-
istered product, but may lack data on another. Only those Standards which
apply to a very small nimber of currently registered products will attempt
to state definitively the "product specific" data gaps on a "product-by-
product" basis. (Although the standard will in none cases note which data
EPA does possess that would suffice to satisfy certain "product specific"
data requirements for a category of products with closely similar composition
characteristics.)
As part of the process of reregistrating currently registered products, BPA
will issue Section 3(c)(2)(B) directives requiring the registrants to take
appropriate steps to fill all identified data gaps — whether the data in
question are "product-specific" or "generic" — in accordance with a schedule.
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Persons who wish to obtain registrations for new products under thia Standard
will be required to submit (or cite) sufficient "product specific" data before
their applications are approved. Upon registration, they will be required
under 8ection 3(c)(2)(B) to take appropriate stepa to submit data needed to
fill "generic" data gaps. (We expect they will respond to '•his requirement
by entering into cost-sharing agreements with other regist ants who previously
have been told they must furnish the data.) The Guidance Package for this
Standard details the steps that must be taken by registrants to comply with
Section 3(c)(2)(B).
Amendments to the Standard
Applications for registration which propose uses or fornulations that are
not presently covered by the Standard, or which present product compositions,
product chemistry data, hazard data, toxicity leve's, or labeling that do
not meet the requirements of the Standard, will automatically be considered
by the Agency to be requests for amendments to the Standard. In response
to such applications, the Agsncy nay request additional data to support the
proposed amendment to he Standard, or nay deny the application for registra-
tion on the grounds that the proposed product would cause unreasonable adverse
effects to the environment. In the former case, when additional data have been
satisfactorily supplied, and providing that the data do not indicate the
potential 'or unreasonable adverse effects, the Agency will then amend the
Standard to cover the new registration.
Each Registration Standard is based upon all data and information available
te> the Agency's reviewers on a particular date prior to the publication date.
This "cut-off date is stated at the beginning of the second chapter. Any
subsequent data submissions and any approved amendments will be incorporated
into the Registration Standard by means of addenda, which are available for
inspection at EPA in Washington, D.C., or copies of which may be reqjested
frost the Agency. When all the present "data gaps" have been filled and the
submitted data have been reviewed, the Agency will revise the Registration
Standard. Thereafter, when the Agency determines that the internally main-
tained addenda have significantly altered the conditions for registration
under the Standard, the document will be updated.
While the Registration Standard discusses only the uses and hazards of
products containing the designated active ingredient(s), the Agency is also
concerned with the potential hazards of some inert ingredients and impurities.
Independent of the development of any one Standard, the Agency has initiated
the evaluation of some inert pesticide ingredients. Where the Agency has
identified inert ingredients of concern in a specific product to which the
Standard applies, these ingredients will be pointed out in the "uidu..ce
Package.
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II
REGULATORY POSITION
introduction
This chapter describes the Agency's regulatory position on products which
contain chlorsulfuron as the sole active ingredient. The Agency's regulatory
position incorporates a number of considerations. Foreaost among these con-
siderations is an analysis of the registrability of products containing chlor-
sulfuron based on the risk criteria found in Section 162.11(a) of Title 40
of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. The Agency's determination is pre-
sented below, and the rationale for this decision follows the position.
In addition to the basic regulatory decision and rationale, this chapter
includes the following* criteria for the registration of chlorsulfuron
products under the Standard/ acceptable ranges and limits for product
composition, acute toxicity, and use pattern/application method; required
labeling} and a tolerance assessment.
Description of Chemical
Chlorsulfuron is a herbicide used for selective weed control on wheat,
barley, oats, and reduced-tillage fallow systems. The chemical name for
chlorsulfuron is 2-chloro-N-((4-oethoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triasin-2-yl)amino-
carbonyl]benezenesulfonamide. For convenience in writing this Standard
the name 'chlorsulfuron* will be used instead of the chemical name. Chlor-
sulfuron is the common name accepted by the Aaeriean National Standards
Institute (ANSI) and is pending for acceptance by the International Standards
Organization (ISO).
The only trade name for chlorsulfuron is Glean" Weed Killer (the trademark
of B. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company Inc.). The Chemical Abstracts
Registry (CAS) nimber for chlorsulfuron ie 64902-72-3. The OPP (Shaughnessey)
nisber ie 116601. The molecular formula Is C^2Hi2clN5°4s*
Regulatory Position for Products Containing Chlorsulfuron as the Sole Active
Ingredient
Chlorsulfuron as described in this Standard may be registered for sale,
distribution, formulation, and use in the united States. Babftd on the review
of the data, the Agency finds that none of the risk criteria found in Section
162.11(a) of Title 40 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CP*) were met
or exceeded by chlorsulfuron.
The Agency has considered the data submitted by the registrant up through the
time of publication of this Standard. The Agency does not have reason to
believe that the use of this herbicide will cause unreasonable adverse effects
when used in compliance with proper label directions and precautions. New
chlorsulfuron products which fall within the registrable limits described in
this Standard may be registered under this Standard and are subject to the same
requirements.
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Regulatory Rational*
Chlorsulf uron it being used in the United state# under EPA Experimental Use
Permit Ho. 352-EUP-105 froa March 31, 1981, to March 31, 1904. Zt is being
tested a 75% dry flowable formulation for selective weed control in
wheat, barley, and reduced-tillage fallow system*.
The Agency has concluded that it should register chlorsulfuron and the 75%
dry flowable formulation for use on wheat, barley, oate, and reduced-tillage
fallow systeas, since 1) the data base of scientific studies is nearly complete
in the disciplinary areas of product Chemistry, Environmental Pate, Toxicology,
Residue Chemistry, and Ecological Effects, and 2) no adverse effects have been
discovered in the review of available studies on chlorsulfuron which are not
already adequately addressed by PIPRA labeling requirements. When chlorsul-
f iff on is applied according to label directions, residues do not ex?eed the
established U.S. tolerances. These uses are clasiified as general use and
not restricted.
Criteria for Registration Under the Standard
To be subject to this Standard, chlorsulfuron products aust aeet the
following conditions:
* contain chlorsulfuron as the sole active ingredient or contain
chlorsulfuron in a mixture which has the same use patterns described
in this Standard)
* be within acceptable standardo of product coapositlon;
* be of the same formulation type addressed in this standard;
* be within acceptable acute toxicity liaits;
* be within acceptable liaits for application frequency, rate, and
aethodologyj
* be labeled for acceptable end-uses; and
* bear required labeling.
Technical and manufacturing use chlorsulfuron products aust bear label
directions for formulation into acceptable end-use products.
The applicant for registration or rereglatratlon of chlorsulfuron products
subject to this Standard aust coaply with all terms and conditions described
in this Standard and, when applicable, offer to pay compensation to the
extent required by Sections 3(c)(1)(D) and 3(c)(2)(D) of PIPRA, as amended,
7 U.S.C. 136 (c)(1)(D) and 136 (c)(2)(D).
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A. Manufacturlng-Ose Chlorsulfuron
1) Product CcapoalMon Standards
To be covered under this Standard, manufacturing-use chloraulfuron product*
aust contain chloraulfuron aa the sole active Ingredient. In addition, the
active ingredient found in the manufacturing-use chloraulfuron products aust
not contain impurities other than those in the technical chloraulfuron found
in currently registered products. Further, these lapurities should not be in
higher concentrstion than those in the technical chloraulfuron used in currently
registered products. Any manufacturing-use product not aeetlng these require-
nents will be considered a new product and will not be registrable under this
Standard.
Manufacturing-use producta meeting these requirements aay contain any percentage
active Ingredient.
2) Acute Toxicity Limits
The Agency will consider registration of manufacturing-use chloraulfuron
products in the following categories!
I
II
III
IV
Acute Oral Toxicity
yes
yes
yes
yes
Acute Dermal Toxicity
yes
yes
yes
yes
Acute Inhalation Toxicity
yes
yes
yes
yes
Primary Bye Irritation
yes
yes
yes
yes
Primary Dermal Irritation
yes
yes
yes
yes
3) Use Patterns
To be covered under this Standard, manufacturing-use chloraulfuron most be
labeled for foraulatlon into end-use herbicides which are intended for non-
daaestic, outdoor uses.
B. End-Pse chloraulfuron - water-Dlaperslble Granules
1> Product Composition Standards
To be covered under this Standard, end-use chlorsulfuron products aust contain
up to 75% chloraulf uron aa active ingredient. In addition, all end-use chlor-
sulfuron products aust not contain inerts and iapuritles other than those in
currently registered end-use products and at no higher concentration than those
in currently registered end-use products. Inert ingredients aust be exempted
from the requirement of a tolerance (or have tolerances established) under 40
CPR 180.1001. Any end-use product not meeting these requireoents wil be
considered a new product and will not be registrable under this Standard.
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2) Acute Toxicity Limits
The Agency will consider registration of any end-use chlorsulfuron products
in the following categoriest
I
II
III
IV
Acute Oral Toxicity
yes
yes
yes
yes
Acute Deraal Toxicity
yes
yes
yes
yes
Acute Inhalation Toxicity
yea
yes
yes
yes
Primary Bye Irritation
yes
yes
yes
yes
Primary Dermal Irritation
yes
yes
yes
yes
3) Use Patterns and Application Methods
To be registered under this Standard, end-use chlorsulfuron products must
be labeled for general use as herbicides for one or *ore of the following
food crop uses: barley, oats, wheat, and reduced-tillage fallow systems to
be followed by wheat. Application rates and methods for chlorsulfuron
products must conform to those discussed in Chapter V.
Chlorsulfuron is manufactured and formulated by E. I. du Pont de Nemours &
Coapany. One formulation. Glean* Weed Killer, is manufactured as a 75% dry
flovable formulation.
Glean" Heed Killer will be used as a broadcast application in spray volwes
of 1 to 20 gpa. Approximately half of the Glean used is expected to be
applied by air in 1 to 5 gpa. Most applications will be made posteaergence
to the crop and weeds during the months of March through early June and
October—Deceaberj however, some preemergence use on wheat and oats is anti-
cipated in both the fall and spring. Except for spring (in crop prior to
fallow) treataents, moot applications for fallow weed control will bo made
after the cereal crop is harvested, and only on land schedules to be re-
planted to a cereal grain in the next cropping cycle. The aaxiaun amount
of chlorsulfuron which can be used in a 12-month period would be 1/2 ounce
ai per acre on the crop and a follow-up treatment of 1/2 ounce ai per acre
after harvest for weed control during the fallow period. (See Table 1.)
Wheat is expected to be the major crop Glean" Heed Killer will be used on,
followed in order by fallow, barley, and oats. Future use on rye and flax
is expected to be relatively saall as these are ainor crops.
11
-------
Table I
Approved Application Rit»» of Chlorsulfuron
Poraulatlon
Site
Type of Application
Ounce al Per Acre
75% Dry Flowable
Required Labeling
Wheat
Barley,
Oats
Fallow
Broadcast pre- and/or
posteaergence
Fostwaergence
broadcast
Broadcast post-harvest
soil treatment
up to 1/2
up to 1/2
up to 1/2
All chlorsulfuron products aust bear labeling aa specified in 40 CFR 162.10
and as described elsewhere in this guidance package* There are no isiique
labeling requireaents for chlorsulfuron.
All nanufacturing-use products must list on the label the intended end-use
of formulated products produced fron the manufacturing-use products. In
accordance with data to be subaitted or cited, all cMorsulfuron aanufacturing-
use product labels Bust bear the following statement.
For Fonaulatlon Into End-Use Herbicide Products Intended
Only for Nondoaestic, Outdoors Use.
Tolerance Assessment
U.S. tolerances have been established for residues of chlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-
N-((4-aethoxy-6-*ethyl-1,3,5-triazin—2-yl)a®inocarbonyl]benzenesulfonaaide,
and its setabolite, 2-chloro-5-hydroxy-N((4-aethoxy-6-aethyl-1,3,5-triazin-
2-yl)aoinocarbonyl)benzenesulfonaaide, in or on the following raw agricultural
commodities ?
20.0 ppn b-~ley,
0.5 pps barley,
0.1 ppcn barley.
oats, and wheat) forage
oats, and wheat; straw
oats, and wheat) grain
U.S. tolerances have been established for residues of chlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-
N-[(4-oethoxy-6-«ethyl-1,3,5-triazln-2-ylJaalnocarbonyl]bensenesulfonaod.de,
in or on the following raw agricultural conaodities:
0.1 ppca milk
0.3 ppa neat, fat, and aeat by-products of cattle,
goats, hogs, horses, and sheep
12
-------
The theoretical aaxiam residue contribution (TMRC) of total chloraulfuron in
the average Anerican adult diet of raw agricultural ccwaoditles containing
the respective U.S. tolerance levels ie calculated to be 0.108 ag/day/1.S kg.
The Agency has established an acceptable dally intake (ADI) value of 0.05
¦illigraas of chlorsulfuron per kllo?raa of body weight per day. This value
is based on a "no-observed-effeet" level (NOEL) of 100 ppa established in a
two-year rat feeding study, and the incorporation of a 100-fold aafety factor
In translating the data froa aniaal to nan. As aiming the average adult weighs
60 kg, the maxiain permissible intake of chlorsulfuron, baaed on the 0.05 ng/kg
estimate, is 3 ag/day or 0.0018 ag/kg per 60 kg person.
13
-------
ZII
8PHHART OF DATA RBQPIRBHHT8 AND DATA CAP8
Applicant* for regiatration of chloreulfuron product* oust cite or aubait
the lnformtion Identified aa required In the tablea In thla chapter. The
tablea Indicate whether the material to be tected la the technical grade or
a formulation.
The tablea llat the Proposed Guidelines paragraph which describee the type
of data and when the data are required to be auboltted [43 PR, No. 132, 29696
of July 10, 1978) and 43 PR, No. 163, 37336 of August 22, 1978]. Justification
as to why the test is required is provided in the Guidelines. A dlscuaaion
of why data normally required are not neceaaary for thla chemical is provided
in footnotes to the tables. The data requirements specified are the minima
that will be required. Areaa where additional data nay be required as the
result of tiered teating are Indicated.
14
-------
Table A-1
Product Chemistry
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Naae of Test
Are Data
Required
Por This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this RequirMent?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted ttader
PZFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-3
Product Identity
and Disclosure
Ingredients
yes Technical grade
of the active
ingredient (TGAX)
yes
0113-0002,
0113-0003
no
163.61-4
Description of
Manufacturing
Process
yea
TGAI
yes
0113-0005
DO
163.61-5
Discussion on
POr»ation of
Unintentional
Ingredients
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0005
no
163«61-6 Declaration and yes
Certification of
Ingredients Lialts
163.61-7 Product Analytical yes
Methods and Data
163.61-8(1) Color yes
163.61-8(2) Odor yes
163.61-8(3) Mslting Point yes
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
0113-0003
0113-0001,
0113-0303
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
no
no
no
no
-------
Table A-1 (Cont'd)
Product Chemistry
Generic Data Requlranenta
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
citation
Nane of Teat
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requlranwnt?
Bi bliographi c
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8(4) Solubility yes
163.61-8(5) Stability yes
163.61-8(6) Octanol/Water yes
Partition
Coefficient
163.61-8(7) Physical State yes
163.61-8(8) Density or Specific yes
Gravity
163.61-8(9) Boiling Point no
163.61-8(10) Vapor Pressure yes
163.61-8(11) pfl yes
163.61-8(12) Storage Stability no
Technical grade
of the active
ingredient (TGAI)
TGA1
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
TGAI
yes
yes
yes
yea
yes
yes
yes
0113-0007,
0113-0008
0113-0007
0113-0007,
0113-0008
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
-------
Table A-1 (Cont'd)
Product Chemistry
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Name of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does BPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8(13)
163.61-8(14)
163.61-8(15)
163.61-8(16)
163.61-8(17)
163.61-8(18)
163.61-8(19)
163.61-9
Placability
Oxidizing or
Reducing Action
Rxplosivenesw
Miscibility
Viscosity
Coefficient
Corrosion
Characteristics
Dielectric Break-
down Voltage
Submittal of
Samples
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
no
-------
Table A-2
Environmental Pate
Generic Data Requirements
Ch lorb ul furon
Guidelines
Citation Nana of Teat
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does KPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Most Additional Data
be S'dbaitted cnder
FirRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.62-7(b) Hydrolysis
163•62-7(c) Photodegradation
yes
yea
163.62-8(b) Aerobic Soil yes
Metabolise
163.62-8(c) Anaerobic Soil yes
Metabolism
163.62-8(e) Aerobic Aquatic no
Metabolisn
163.62-8(f) Microbial Metabolise:
(1) Effects of no
Microbes on
Pesticides
(2) Effects of no
Pesticides on
Microbes
Pure Active Ingre-
dient, Radiolabeled
(PAIRA/TGAI)
PAIRA/TCAI
PAIRA/TGAI
PAIRA/TGAI
yes
yes
yes
yes
0113-0014,
0113-0017
0113-0014,
0113-0019
0113-0013,
0113-0024
0113-0010
no
DP
no
no
-------
Table A-2 (Cont'd)
Environmental Fate
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Haae of Test
toe Data
Requi red
For Tftis
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Require—nt?
Bibliographic
Citation
Hast Additional Data
be Submitted under
FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.62-8(9)
163.62-9(b)
163.62-9(c)
163.62-9(d)
163.62-9(e)
163.62-10(b)
Activated Sludge
Leaching
no
yes
volatility no
Adsorption/ no
Desorption
Water Dispersal no
Terrestrial Field
Dissipation:
(1) Field & Vege- yes
table Crops
(2) Tree Fruit & no
Hut Crops Uses
(3) Pasture Land no
Uses
(4) Domestic Outdoor no
Parks, Ornamental
6 Turf Uses
(5) Rights-of-way, no
Shelterbelts 6
Related Uses
Technical grade
of the active
ingredient (TGAI)
A representative
foraulation
yes
yes
0113-0008,
0113-0009,
0113-0011
0113-0015,
0113-0016
no
no
-------
Table A-2 (Cont'd)
Environmental Pate
Generic Data Requirements
Chloreulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nase of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.62-10(c) Aquatic Pield
Dissipation:
(1) Aquatic Pood
Crop Uses
(2) Aquatic Noncrop
DS«8
(3) Specialized
Aquatic Uses
no
no
no
no
163.62-10(d) Terrestrial/Aquatic
(Poreet) Pield
Dissipation
no
163.62-10(e) Aquatic Iapacts Uses:
(1) Direct Discharge no
(2) Indirect Discharge no
(3) Waste Water Treat- no
sent
163.6-20- 2-10(f) Combination & Tank Mix
Pield Dissipation
no
163.62-10(g) I«ng-Ter® Field Dis-
sipation Study
no
-------
Table A-2 (Cont'd)
Environmental Fate
Generic Data Requirements
Ch lor* sulfur on
Guidelines
Citation
Name of Teet
Are Data
Required
Por This
Standard?
Coaposltion
Does EPA Have D«ta
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requlreaent?
Bibliographic
Citation
Mast Additional Data
be Submitted Under
VIPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.62-11(b) Accuaulation in
Rotational Crops
yes PAIRA/Represerktative
Formulation
yes
0113-0010/
0113-0025
no
163.62-11(c) Accuaulation in
Irrigated Crops
no
163.62-11(d) Fish Accuaulation
yes
PAIRA/TGA1
yes
0113-0020,
0113-0021
no
163.62-11(e) Special Studies
Accuaulation In
Aquatic Noncrop
no
163.62-13
Disposal 6 Storage
no
-------
Table A-4
Toxicology
Generic Data Requirements
Chloraulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nave of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIPKA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.81-1
Acute Oral Toxicity
yes Technical grade
of the accive
ingredient (TGAI)
yes
0113-0046
no
163.81-2
Acute Derul
Toxicity
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0028
no
163.81-3
Acute Inhalation
Toxicity
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0029
DO
163.81-4
Prlaary Bye
Irritation
no
163.81—S
Priaary Dermal
Irritation
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0032
no
163.81-6 Denial Sensitization yes
163.81-7 Acute Delayed no
Neurotoxicity
TGAI
yes1/
0113-0032
no
Vsata ar« available for the end-use product. If a technical product is registered, then additional data will be
required.
-------
Table A-4 (Cont'd)
Toxicology
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Name of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Dati
be Submitted Under
FXPKA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.82-1
Subchronic Oral
Toxicity
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0034,
0113-0041,
0113-0046,
0113-0050
no
163.82-2
Subchronic
(21-day) Dermal
no
163.82-3 Subchronic 90-
day Dermal Toxicity
no
163.82-4 Subchronic
Inhalation Toxicity
163.82-5
Subchronic
Neurotoxicity
no
-------
Table A-4 (Cont'd)
Toxicology
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Hue of Test
Are Data
Required
For Wiis
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Martially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Onder
PIPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.83-1
Chronic Feeding
(rat and dog)
yes Technical grade
of the active
ingredient (TGAI)
yes
0113-0041,
0113-0052
no
163.83-2
Oncogenlcity
(rat and aouse)
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0051,
0113-0052
no
163.83-3
Teratogenicity
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0037,
0113-0039
no
to
163.83-4
Reproduction
» 163.84-(2-4) Mutagenicity
yes
yes
TGAX
TGAI
yes
yes1/
0113-0052
0113-0031,
0113-0040,
0113-0049
no
no
163.85-1
Metabollsa
yes
PAIRA
yes
0113-0038,
0113-0042
no
163.86-1
Domestic Animal
Safety Testing
no
Voata requirements for mutagenicity have not yet been finalized.No additional data are required at this tist.
-------
Tabl« JV-5
Residue Chcalstry
Generic Data Reqti*.r«nents
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Name of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Cocaposltlon
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
FIPRA 3(C)(2)(B)?
Metabolism in Plants yes
Metabolism in yes
Aniaals
PA IRA
PAIRA
yes2/
yes2/
0113-0055
0113-0056
0113-0038,
0113-0042,
0113-0054,
0113-0057
no
no
K>
IT
Analytical Methods
Residue Datai
Crops
yes Typical End-use
Product (TEP)
yea TEP
yesV
yes3/
0113-0058,
0113-0060
0113-0053
no
no
Residue Data: no
Processed Crops
Residue Data: yesV
Milk 6 Meat 6 Eggs
TEP
ye
»2/
0113-0059
no
Storage and Stability no
'/Residue data are required for ailk and meat only.
^/Available data support tolerances for wheat, barley, oats, and fallow uses. Additional data say be required if
tolerances are sought for other crops or for uses at rates and frequencies not Indicated in Chapter II.
3/Additional data will be required for each crop for which new tolerances are sought.
-------
Table A-3
Ecological Effects
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nue of Test
Are Data
Required
For ibis
Standard?
Composition
Does £PA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
thla Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Hust Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.71—1 Avian Single Dose
Oral LDjq
yes Technical grade
of the active
Ingredient (TGAI)
yes
0113-0062,
0113-0068
no
163.71-2
Avian Dietary
LCS0
yes
TGAI
yes
0113-0061,
0113-0069
no
163.71-3
Mammalian Acute
Toxicity
no
163.71-4
Avian Reproduction
no
163.71-5
Simul. fc Actual
Field Testing for
Hamma1a/Birds
no
-------
Table A-3 (Cont'd)
geological Effects
Generic Data Requirements
Chlorsulfuron
Guideline*
Citation
Name of Test
Are Data
Requi red
For Ttlis
Standard?
CoB^ositlon
Does BPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Kust Additional Data
be Submitted Onder
PIPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.72-1
Fish Acute LC50
yes Technical grade
of the active
ingredient
yes
0113-0064,
0113-0065,
0113-0066,
0113-0067
no
163.72-2
Acute Toxicity
to Aquatic
Invertebrates
yea Technical grade
of the active
ingredient
yes
0113-0063
no
163.72-3
Acute Toxicity
to Estuarine &
Marine Organisms
no
163.72-4
Babryolarvae &
Life-Cycle
no
163.72-5
Aquatic Organ.
Tox. 6 Residue
Studies
no
163.72*6 Simul. 6 Actual
Field Testing for
Aquatic Organisms
no
-------
Table B-1
Product Cheal atry
Product-Specific Data Requlreaents for Manufacturing-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
N
of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Conpoaition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Onder
FlfRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-3 Product Identity
and Disclosure of
Ingredients
163.61-4
163.61-5
163.61-6
163.61-7
163.61-8(1)
163.61-8(2)
Description of
Manufacturing/
Formulating
Process
Discussion on
Ponaation of
Onintentional
ingredients
Declaration and
Certification of
Ingredients Limits
Product Analytical
Methods and Data
Color
Odor
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes Each producv
yea Each product
yes Bach product
yes
yes
No
No
No
No
No
y*sV
yes'/
y«»V
yes_y
y«»V
y««V
yes1/
163.61-8(3) Melting Point
no
-------
Table 8-1 (Cont'd)
Product Chemistry
Product-Specific Data Requirements for Hanufacturing-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nam of Test
Are Data
Requi red
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8(4)
163.61-8(S?
163.61-8(6)
163.61-8(7)
163.61-8(8)
163.61-8(9)
163.61-8(10)
163.61-8(11)
163.61-8(12)
Solubility no
Stability no
Octanol/Water no
Partition
Coefficient
Physical State yes
Density or Specific yes
Gravity
Boiling Point yes
Vapor Pressure yes
pH yes
Storage and Stability yes
Each product
Bach product
Each product
Bach product
Each product
Each product
no
no
no
no
no
no
y««V
yes V
yes V
y*«V
y»«V
yes1/
-------
Table B-1 (Cont'd)
Product Chealstry
Product-Specific Data Requirements for Manufacturing-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nane of Teat
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
TIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8(13)
163.61-8(14}
163.61-0(15)
163.61-8(16)
163.61-8(17)
163.61-8(18)
163.61-8( 19)
163.61-9
Plaanablllty
Oxidizing or
Reducing Action
Bxplosiveness
Miscibillty
Viscosity
Coefficient
Corrosion
Characteri sties
Dielectric Break-
down Voltage
Submittal of
Saaplea
yes Bach product
yes Each product
yes Bach product
yes Bach product
yes Bach product
yea
no
no
Each product
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes V
yesV
yesV
yesV
yes V
yes1/
-------
Footnotes
Table B-1
Product Chealetry
Product-Specific Chemistry Data Requirements for
Hanufacturlng-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Currently there are no HUP registration applications.
The data gaps Indicated In these tables will apply when
application is submitted.
31
-------
Table B-2
Toxicology
Product-Specific Data Require*ents for Manufacturing-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nam of Teat
Are Data
Acquired
For TtiIs
Standard? Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally Satisfy
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
PIFRA 3(C)(2)(B)?
163.81-1
163.81-2
Acute Oral
Toxicity
Acute Dermal
Toxicity
yes Bach product
yes Each product
no
no
yea
V
yes1/
163.81-3
Acute Inhalation
Toxicity
yes Each product
no
yes'/
163.81-4
Primary Bye
Irritation
yes Each product
no
yes'/
163.81-5
Primary Denial
Irritation
yea Bach product
no
yes'
163.81-6
Dermal
Sensitization
yes Each product
no
yes'/
V Currently there are no MUP registration applications. Ttie data gaps indicated will apply when an application
Is submitted. Depending on the product, data available on the technical product may be used.
-------
Table C-1
Product Chemistry
Product-Specific Data Requirements for End-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guideline*
Citation
N
of Teat
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard? Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally SatisfyV
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-3 Product Identity
and Disclosure of
Ingredients
163.61-4 Description of
Manufacturing/
Formulating
Process
yes Bach product
yes Each product
partialV
partial^/
0113-0003,
0113-0004
0113-0005
y®«V
yefl2/
163.61-5 Discussion on
Formation of
Unintentional
Ingredients
163.61-6 Declaration and
Certification
of Ingredients
Limits
163.61-7 Product Analytical
Methods and Data
ye 8
Bach product
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes
partial*/
partial^/
0113-0005
no
0113-0003,
0113-0004
0113-0001
yes4/
y*«3/
163.61-8(1)
163.61-8(2)
Color
Odor
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes
yes
01 13-0007
0113-0007
no
no
-------
Table C-1 (Cont'd)
Product Cherniatry
Product-Specific Data Requirements for End-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
N
of Test
Are Data
Required
For Thla
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Rave Data
to Partially or
Totally SatlsfyV
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Submitted Under
riPRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8(3)
163.61-8(4)
163.61-8(5)
163.61-8(6)
Melting Point
Solubility
Stability
Octanol/Mater
Partition
Coefficient
163.61-8(7) physical State
163.61-8(8) Density or Specific
Gravity
163.61-8(9) Boiling Point
163.61-8(10) Vapor Pressure
163.61-8(11) pH
163.61-8(12) Storage Stability
no
no
no
no
yes
ye 8
no
yes
ye3
yes
Each product
Each product
Each product
Each product
Each product
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0006
DO
no
no
no
no
-------
Table C-1 (Cont'd)
Product Chemistry
Product-Specific Data Requirements for End-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Name of Test
Are Data
Pequired
For This
Standard? Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally SatisfyV
this Requirement?
Bibliographic
Citation
ttust Additional Data
be Submitted Under
FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.61-8( 13)
163.61-8(14)
163.61-8( 15)
163.61-8(16)
163.61-8( 17)
163.61-8( 18)
Flaamability
Oxidizing or
Reducing Action
Bxploslveness
Mlscibility
Viscosity
Coefficient
Corrosion
Characteristics
163.61-8(19) Dielectric Break-
down Voltage
163.61-9
Submittal of
Samples
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes Each product
yes
no
yes
Each product
yes
yes
yes
yes
ye 9
yes
yes
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
0113-0007
N/A
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
-------
Footnotes
Table C-1
Product Chealstry
Product-Specific Chemistry Data Requirements for
Bid-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Chotical Abstract Registry nunbers are needed cor thfc related
compounds of chlorsulfuron and the intentional lnerts listed
in the Confidential Statement of Composition.
Information on the formulating process for the aarketed product
and on the steps taken to assure a uniform product are required.
Composition data, determined on five or more samples which are
representative of the commercial product, need to be subaitted.
For each product tested under Section 163.61-7, provide for
chlorsulfuron both upper and lower composition limits; and for
any potentially hazardous impurity {e.g. nitrosamine or other
iapurities associated with the manufacture of chlorsulfuron) an
upper Halt. Methodologies are not required for other certified
ingredients, inerts, or Iapurities (>0.1%).
Data requirements listed are for currently registered products.
Applicants seeking registration of other products should consult
Part 158 Guidelines or consult EPA for product-specific data
requirements.
36
-------
Table C-2
Toxicology
Product-Specific Data Requirements for End-Use Products
Chlorsulfuron
Guidelines
Citation
Nans of Test
Are Data
Required
For This
Standard?
Composition
Does EPA Have Data
to Partially or
Totally SatisfyV
this Reouireaent?
Bibliographic
Citation
Must Additional Data
be Subodtted Under
FXFRA 3(c)(2)(B)?
163.81-1
Acute Oral
Toxicity
yes
Each product
yes
0113-0036
no
163.81-2
Acute Dental
Toxicity
yes
Each product
yes
0113-0026
no
163.81-3
Acute Inhalation
Toxicity
yes
Each product
yes
N/A
no
163.81-4
Priaary Bye
Irritation
yes
Each product
yes
0113-0043
no
163.81-5
Primary Dermal
Irritation
yes
Each product
yes
0113-0044,
0113-0045
no
163.81-6
Dental Sensitization
yes
Each product
yes
0113-0044
no
V Data requirements listed are for currently registered products. Applicants seeking registration of other products
should consult Part 158 Guidelines or consult EPA for product-specific data requirements.
-------
IV
PRODUCT CHEMISTRY
Product Ch—:atry Suaaary - Technical Chloraulfuron
Chloraulfuron la synthesized by reacting 2-chlorobensenesulfonaalde with n-
butyl lsocyanate and phosgene In a suitable solvent, followed by treatment of
the resulting 2-chlorobenzeneaulfonyl isocyanate with 4-methoxy-6-oethyl-
1,3,5-trlazi n-2-amlne (Du Pont 19B1d, MR ID *0113-0005). In addition,
confidential data describing the chloraulfuron manufacturing process and
Impurities found In the technical (Du Pont 1991a, b, and d, MRID t's 0113-00002,
0113-0003, and 0113-0005) have been reviewed by the Agency. Bach registrant
must provide a discussion of the manufacturing process and an estisiate of the
amount of any unintended substances which are foraed. The molecular structure
of chlorsulfuron is:
C1
OCH3
o
so2nhcnh
ch3
The Agency has reviewed the reversed-phase, high performance liquid chroma-
tography method (Du Pont 1960, MRID #0113-0001) and found it adequate for the
identification and quantlfication of chlorsulfuron in the technical, r ..ufacturing-
use, and end-use products.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Data on purified chloraulfuron are as follows (Du Pont 1981f, MRID *0113*
0007):
Color:
Odor:
Melting Point:
Solubility:
white
none
174-178«C
The solubilities of purified chlorsu!
solvents at 22*C are as follows: <1
0.3% In toluene, 1.8% In methanol, 7.
7.7% in methylene chloride,and 100 tt
water (Rapisarda et al. 1961, MRID 90
ted
*e,
.wtftone,
m in
d).
Stability:
Stable under normal use conditions, hydrolyzes 3lowly
under acidic conditions.
Octanol/Water
Partition Coefficient: K^'13 Rapisarda et al. 1981, MRID #0113-0008)
38
-------
Physical State? crystalline solid
Penalty! bulk density in 38 to 36 lb/ft-*, absolute density i«
1.52 q/cc
Vapor PrgBauxa; 4.6 * 1G"6«hb Hg at 25*C
pHr 4-10 at 2S*C (saturated solution)
Summary of Major Data Gaps
Iftare are no data g«pa in Product Cheniatry.
39
-------
V
ENVIRONMENTAL PATE
Use Profile
Chlorsulfuron is a herbicide used for the control of many common broadleaf
weeds and certain grassy weeds In the cereal crops of wheat, barley, and
oats. In addition, chloraulfuron will be used to control weeds during
the fallow period, prior to the planting of wheat* Chlorsulfuron also
has selectivity on rye and flax. Puture use on these crops is anticipated,
but is not covered by this Standard.
Chlorsulfuron Is nanufactured and formulated by E.I. du Pont de Nemours 6
Company. One formulation, Glean Weed Killer, Is manufactured as a 75%
dry flowable formulation*
Glean" Weed Killer will be used as a broadcast application In spray
volumes of 1 to 20 gpa. Approximately half of the "Glean" used is expected
to be applied by air in 1 to 5 ypa and the rest by ground rigs. Host
applications will be made postemergence to the crop and weeds during the
months of March through early June and October/December> however, some
preemeroence use on wheat and oats Is anticipated in both the fall and
spring. Except for spring (In crop prior to fallow) treatments, most
applications for fallow weed control will be made after the cereal crop
Is harvested, and only on land scheduled to be replanted to a cereal
grain in the next cropping cycle* The maxlmun amount of chlorsulfuron
which can be used In a 12-month period would be 1/2 ounce ai per acre on
the crop ard a follow-up treatment of 1/2 ounce al per acre after harvest
for weed control during the fallow period. (See Table I.)
Wheat is expected to be the major crop Glean" Weed Killer will be used
on, followed in order by fallow, barley, and oats* Future use on rye and
flax is expected to be relatively small as these are minor crops*
Table I
Approved Application Rates of Chlorsulfuron
formulation
Site
Type of Application
Ounce al Per Acre
75% Dry Flowable
Wheat
Broadcast pre- and/or up to 1/2
postemergence
Barley Postemergence
Oats broadcast
up to 1/2
Pallow Broadcast post-harvest up to 1/2
soil treatment
40
-------
Environmental Fat« Sueaary
Degradation
At pH 7 and 9, chlorsulfuron undergoes lea* than 5% hydrolysis after 2B days
at 10* and 20*C. At pH 4, chlorsulfuron hydrolyzes with a half-life of
one to two weeks (Han 1980b, HRID 10113-0014 and Han 1981b, MRXD *0113-0017).
Chlorsulfuron degrades in aqueous solution under artificial sunlight (90%
degradation after 4 weeks). Under natural sunlight, the half-Life of
chlorsulfuron was less than 2 weeks in distilled water, and between 4 and
8 weeks in natural creek water. When exposed to artificial sunlight as
a dry til* on glass, chlorsulfuron did not appreciably degrade or volatilize
(<5% over 4 weeks) (Han 1980b, NRZO 10113-0014). When chlorsulfuron was
applied to soil and then exposed to artificial sunlight, its half-life
was between 2 and 3 weeks (Han 1981d, MR1D 10113-0019).
Metabolln
Aerobic soil metabolism studies with chlorsulfuron showed a half-life of
between 1 and 2 months for two soils (Han 1980a, HRID 10113-0013). A
soil blooeter study showed that the najor route for degradation of
chlorsulfuron Is cleavage of the urea bridge accompanied by microbial
degradation of the cleavage products. The half-life of chlorsulfuron was
between one and two weeks when incubated at 25*C in the dark. The
microbial degradation was shown to be temperature and moisture sensitive
(Rapisarda 1981a, HRID #0113-0024).
In a soil bioaeter study, chlorsulfuron had minimal effect on the ability
of soil alcroorganisas to degrade protein and cellulose (Rapisarda 1981a,
HRID #0113-0024). Studies show that chlorsulfuron 19 not fungicidal or
bactericidal since It did not affect the growth of typical soil
mlcroorganlms, Including soil-nitrifying bacteria (Julis 1980, HRID
•0113-0023 and Han and Salth 1980, HRID *0113-0022).
An anaerobic aquatic aetabolim study showed that chlorsulfuron is only
very slowly, if at all, degraded by anaerobic hydrosoll microorganisms.
Under anaerobic conditions, the rate of chlorsulfuron degradation is
consistent with a slow pH-dependent hydrolysis (Chrzanowski 1981a, MRID
•0112-0010).
Mobility
The soil K-valve (Preundlich isotherm constant) for chlorsi \furon at
25*C were 0.42 for Keyport silt loaa (2.75% oa) and 0.69 for Flanagan
silt loam (4.0% oa). The soil TLC (Rf) values were 0.87 and 0.66 for the
sane soils. These results show that chlorsulfuron is mobile (mobility
class 4) (Rapisarda et al. 1981, HRID *0113-0008).
In a soil leaching study, chlorsulfuron was mobile in samples of sand (2.4%
om) , sandy loaa (1.4% oet), silty clay loan (4.0% oa), and sil t loaa (2.75*
oa). In fresh saaples troa 76 to 80% of the parent moved into the leachate
but in aged saaples only froa 20 to 33 percent reached the leachate.
41
-------
In aged samples, 43 to 88 percent of the residues were retained In the
top 12 Inches of the soii column, 43 percent In the sand (2.4% ok) and 88
percent In the sandy lotus (1.4% oa)• Proa 3 to 6 ppb reached the 20-inch
depth In the sandy loaa soil, but up to 12 ppb reached the 20-lnch depth
in the eandy sol 1• The data Indicate that chlorsulfuron Is resistant to
decomposition In anaerobic Aquatic environments*
In well-drained soil, there is a potential for trace groundwater
contamination. Because of low correlation between soil type and mobility,
it appears that there is a strong tendency for chlorsulfuron to leach In
all permeable soil types. However, because of the low use rates for
chlorsulfuron and the fact that residues are dispersed as they leach Into
deeper soil layers, significant ground water accumulation may not occur*
Dissipation
Under field conditions at 5 sites, th* half-life of chlorsulfuron on
slightly acidic soils (pH 5.6 to 6.7} was about 1 month. On an alkaline
soil (pH 7.3), the half-life was 2 to 3 nonths. Chlorsulfuron moves
downward with rainfall but nore chlorsulfuron remained in the top 4
Inches of soil than In the combined next 11 Inches of soil after 18 nonths
(Han 1980c and 1981a, MRXD *0113-0015 and *0113-0016).
Accumulation
In both greenhouse and field otudies, rotational crops (soybeans, rape,
wheat, sugar beets), which were grown on soil containing traces of residual
chlorsulfuron and/or itt> soli metabolites, did not accumulate significant
levels of residues. In all crops, no chlorsulfuron (<1 ppb) was detected
(Han 1981c, MR ID *0113-0018 and Raplsarda 1981b, MRID *0113-0025). In a
dynamic accumulation study on blueglll sunfish, there was little or no
residue accumulation in edible tissue (accumulation factor <1), liver (1
to 21), or viscera (1 to 10) at either 0.01 or 1.0 ppo (Han 1991e, MRID
0113-0020). Similarly, in a static accumulation study with channel
catfish, there was no residue accumulation in the viscera (12), liver (7),
and edible tissue ;1.5) (Han 1981f, MR 10 *0 113-0021).
Drift
Two aerial spray drift studies showed that estimated residues of
chlorsulfuron from drift at 15 meters downwind were 0.03% of the original
1 ounce active ingredient/acre. Thirty eeters downwind, residues were
not detectable. These studies also indicated that, under favorable wind
conditions, sensitive crops 50 to 70 meters downwind should not be
threatened (Du Pont 1981g, MRXD *011300012).
Exposure Profile
There is minimal exposure of humans and wildlife to chlorsulfuron. Mixers
and applicators of chlorsulfuron formulations are at risk of the highest
direct exposures. Dermal and eye exposure can result from splashing
during handling or mixing. Since the dry flowable formulation Is not
dusty and since use rates are on the order of 30 to 100 times lower than
42
-------
typical use rates for other ccutonly used herbicides, the extent of
expoaure to mixers and loaders Is minimized. In addition, respiratory
exposure Is Halted due to the large particle size of the dry flowable
formulation and the low vapor pressure of chlorsulfuron. The general
public has little or no dietary exposure to chlorsulfuron and Its
metabolites. Oosiestlc animals are exposed to residues of chlorsulfuron
and Its metabolites It they are grazed on wheat treated with chlorsulfuron.
See Chapter VII, Residue Cheaistry, for a discussion of dietary exposurs
to chlorsulfuron.
Suaaary of Major Data Gaps
There are no data gaps for Bivironaental Pate.
43
-------
VI
TOXICOLOGY
Toxicology Su— ry - Technical Chlorsulfuron
Acute Toxicity
The acute oral LD50 of technical chlorsulfuron is SS4S mg/kg in male
rats and 6293 mgAg in female rats (Trlvlts 1979, MRID #0113-0048),
suggesting a very low acute oral hazard to human beings. Studies were
conducted using a single intragastric dose as a corn oil suspension with
gross pathology after 14 days. Clinical signs included weight loss,
himped posture, lethargy, salivation, diarrhea, and hematuria. Gross
pathological changes were noted in liver, spleen, kidney, gastrointestinal
tract, thymus, lungs, brain, heart, eye, pancreas, testis, skin, uterue,
and stomach.
Technical chlorsulfuron has a low potential for acute dermal hazard to
huaans, sirce the acute dermal LDjq in sale and female rabbits is >3400
mg/kg (Edwards 1979, MRID •0113-0026)* Application was by single dose
with saline to abraded skin, occluded, and 24-hour contact. Only slight
skin irritation was observed. No compound-related abnormalities were
seen in gross pathology.
Based on a 4-hour exposure of 10 male and 10 female rats to a dust
atmosphere of 5.9 mg technical chlorsulfuron/llter (LC$q >5.9 mg/1), a
low acute inhalation hazard in human beings is expected (Perenz 1980,
MRID to 113-0039). No mortality was noted in this study. No unusual
clinical signs were observed during the exposure. No compound-induced
pathological findings were detected in any of the rats*
Chlorsulf uron is thus placed in Category III for acute dermal, and acute
inhalation. It is placed in Category IV for acute oral, akin Irritation,
and skin sensitization hazards.
Subchronlc Toxicity
Chlorsulf uron administered orally to male rats at 220>1 ag/kg/day for 10
days over a 2-week period produced no compound-related gross or histological
changes. Clinical signs noted were slight weight los:*, stained fur, and
weakness (Henry 1977, MRID 40113-0034). Two 90-aay feeding studies at
dietary levels of 0. 100, 500, and 2500 ppm for iiale and female rats and
0, 500, 2500, 5000, and 7500 ppm for male and feou2t dice reported a NOEL
of 100 pfa in the diet of rats (Wood 1980, MRID *0113-0050) and 2500 ppm
in the diet of mice (Snlth 1980, MRID 10113-0046). Clinical signs noted
In the rats at 500 or 2500 ppm Included decreased urine pH, plana
creatinine, monocyte counts, erythrocyte counts i*nd increassd hematocrits.
Clinlcals signs noted in the male mice at 5000 o-„' 7500 ppn had were
decreased erythrocyte counts and increased nean corpuscular voltmtes and
mean corpuscular hemoglobins. Pemales fed 5000 or 7500 ppm had decreased
neutrophilic granulocytes and Increased lymphocytes, ttiere were no
gross pathological or histopathological compound-related lesions in
either 90-day study.
44
-------
Chronic Toxicity
Dietary aAainistratlon of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 ppo chlorsulfuron to male
and female young adult doge for 6 month# produced a NOEL of 2500 ppa In
the diet (Schneider 1900, MRID #0113-0041). No compound-related chan9es
in nutritional, clinical, biochemical, gross or hlstopathologlcal
observations were made.
Dietary administration of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 ppo chlorsulfuron to sale
and female weanling rats for 2 years produced a NOEL of 100 ppo In the
diet (Hood 1961b, MRID *0113-0052). Chlorsulfuron produced a mild to
moderate reduction In aean body weights and weight gains in triale rats
from the 500 and 2500 ppa groups. Dose-dependent hematological effects
ware observed during the first, but not the second year of the study in
the 500 and 2500 ppa males. No other coapound-related behavioral,
nutritional, clinical, or pathological abnormalities were observed.
Oncogenicity studies were conducted with male and female mice by a dietary
administration of 0, 100, 500, 5000 ppa chlorsulfuron for 2 years (Wood
1961a, MRID #0113-005!). No conpound-related behavioral, clinical,
hematological, gross pathological, or histological abnormalities were
observed. Chlorsulfuron was net oncogenic at any level. The overall
NOEL was 500 ppa as a body weight reduction occurred in the 5000 ppa level.
Chlorsulfuron was administered in the diets of female rats at 0, 100,
500, and 2500 ppa from day 6 through day 15 of gestation. Examination of
uterine contents was on day 21 of Testation (Rogers and Culik 1978, MRID
#0113-0039). Chlorsulfuron was not teratogenic or fototoxic. No clinical
signs of toxicity, changes in behavior, or gross pathological chang-ss in
organs or tissues were observed in the treated rats. Additionally
chlorsulfuron was admlnstered to rabbits by oral intubation as a corn oil
suspension of 0, 10, 25, and 75 ag/kg BW froa day 6 through day 19 of
gestation. Uterine contents were examined on day 29 of gestation.
Chlorsulfuron was not teratogenic to rabbits dosed with up to 75 ag/\g.
The Incidence of resorptions In the high dose treatment group was
significantly Increased, Indicating fetotoxicity. The NOBL for fetotoxlclty
was 25 mg/kg (Hoberaan 1980, MRID #0113-0037).
A 3-generation rat production study was conducted with test animals
maintained on dietary levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 ppo chlorsulfuron.
Only slightly decreased fertility Indices were noted In the 2500 ppm test
group. No coapound-related gross or hlstopathologlcal abnormalities were
observed in weanling rate froa the ^3^ litters. The NOEL was 500 ppm
(Wood 1981b, KRID #0113-0052).
Mutagenclty
In a Salmonella/mlcrosome assay, chlorsulfuron was not autagenlc at up to
30 ag/plate (cytotoxic Halt). Conditions Included positive and solvent
controls, presence and absence of an activation system (Russell 1977,
MRID #0 113-0040).
Chlorsulfuron was not cytotoxic or mutagenic at concentrations up to 2.8
aM in a Chinese hamster ovary cell assay (Waterer 1960, MBID #0113-0049).
45
-------
Condition® Included postltlve and solvent controls, presence and absence
of an activation systea* Evaluations Included cytotoxicity, autants In
treated sample compared to control and dose-response relationship*
In an In vitro cytogenetic assay In Chinese hamster ovary cells,
chlorsulfuron did not induce aberrations at doses up to S mg/al. The
study was conducted both with and without metabolic activation (Galloway
1961, MRID *0113-0011).
Metabolism
In a metabolism study in rats (Shrivastava 1980, MR ID #0 113*0042 and Hunt
1961, MRID #0113-0036), chlorsulfuron was rapidly and quantitatively
excreted* Neither chlorsulfuron nor Its metabolites accumulate in organ
or body tissues*
Toxicology Sumary - Chlorsulf uron Populations
Data are available froa acute toxicity studies on a 7 5% dry flowable
formulation* The acute oral LD50 is 3053 mg/k$ In male rats and 2341
ag/kg In feaale rats (Hinckle 196 1, MRID #0113-0036)* Studies were
conducted using a single intragastric dose as a corn oil suspension with
gross pathology after 14 days* Clinical signs included diarrhea, stained
fur, lacrlmatlon, lethargy, and moderate weight loss* Gross pathological
changes were noted in lungt* thymus, brain, stomach, G.I. tract, liver,
eyes, salivary lymph nodes, spleen, adrenals, and kidneys.
The acute dermal LDjq is greater than 2000 ag/kg in rabbits (Ashley 1980,
MRID #0113-0026)* Only slight skin Irritation was observed* No compound-
related abnormalities were seen in gross pathology*
In studies with rabbits, a single dose (0*1 ml) was placed in the
conjunctival sac* After 20 seconds, three treated eyes were washed and
six were left unwashed. Mild conjunctivitis and slight corneal cloudiness
were noted* Transient slight lrltlc injection was seen in the unwashed
eyes and persistent lrltlc swelling In one washed eye* All eyes, except
the one washed eye, were normal within 4 days* Ttie persistent lrltlc
effect nay be coincidental since It was not observed until the third day.
(Sllber 1960a, MRID #0113-0043)*
When tested on Intact and abraded skin of rabbits (single dose of 0*5 g
with saline), the formulation was not a primary skin Irritant (Sllber 1960c,
MRID #0113*0045)* Skin irritation and sensitization was tested on guinea
pigs with 60% and 6% suspensions* There was no skin Irritation or
sensltlzatIon during the primary test* Slight Irritation and no
sensitization occurred at 60% in both test and control anlsals at challenge*
The formulation Is neither a skin Irritant nor a skin sensitizer on guinea
pigs (Sllber 1980b, MRID #0113-"044).
46
-------
Results fro* theso studies place the 7S% dry flowable formulation In
Toxicity Category III for acute oral, acute deraal, eye Irritation, and
dermal Irritation and sensltlsat ion hazards*
Sunary of Major Data Gape
There are no data gape in Toxicology.
47
-------
VII
RESIDUE CHfMISTRV
Formulation
The formulation requested for use Is DuPont's Glean Weed Killer. Glean
contains 79.8% of technical chlorsulfuron. All lnsrts in the formulation
are cleared under Section 180. 100 t.
Technical chlorsulfuron Is a minimum of 94% pure* The manufacturing
process and Impurities are detailed in (EPA Accession No. 070471} PP#
2F2604. We expect no additional residue problems with the saall amounts
of impurities In the formulation.
Proposed Use
To control weeds in wheat, oate and barley, apply chlorsulfuron post-
emergence and/or pre-emergence (wheat only) at rates of 3.54 to 14.18
grafts active Ingredient/acre. The herbicide can be applied via ground or
aerial equipment using a imlnimua of 3 or 1 gallons of solution per acre
respectively.
Tank mixtures with diuron and metrlbuzln for use on winter wheat are
recommended. The directions for the tank mixes should include a statement
which explains that all restrictions on the dluron and metrlbuzln labels
must be observed.
DuPont surfactant WK or Ortho X-77 surfactants are recommended for
postemergence treatments.
Metabolism
Plants
Metabolism studies on wheat and barley grown both In the field and In a
greenhouse were submitted. (See PP#2F2604/EPA Accession No. 070471).
The wheat experiments Involved treating flats of wheat In the four-leaf
stage with 1*C-phenyl-labeled chlorsulfuron at a rate of 70 g/ha. Wheat
samples were collected at 1 day, 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment and at
maturity. Treated leaves and new growth war® analysed separately. The
samples were washed with acetone to remove surface residues, blended with
60:20 acetone/water, centrifuged and the supernatant removed. The acetone
was stripped off and the concentrated solution was acidified and extracted
first with ether and then with N-butyl alcohol. The sther and alcohol
solutions were taken to dryness.
The various fractions contained the following radoactlve residues. The
lntltlal acetone fraction contained surface residues of chlorsulfuron and
hydrolysis products. The other extract contained parent, hydrolysis
products and a conjugate. The N-butyl alcohol fraction contained mainly
a conjugate of chlorsulfuron. The remaining water extract showed highly
polar materials.
48
-------
Th« conjugate In th« N-butyl alcohol extract was Isolated via TLC and
hydrolyzed with beta-glucosldaae In phosphate buffer at 34»C for 4 hours*
This was followed by acidification and ether extraction. Ether extracts
were purified via TLC and counted and Isolated materials were further
identified using mass spectrometry.
The results of the greenhouse study showed that radioactive residues in
wheat forage decreased from 1.51 ppm at day t to 0.04S ppm at maturity.
Wheat grain contained only 0.0072 ppa of radioactivity. Very little
translocation to new growth of wheat forage was observed. Radioactivity
In the foliage consisted of chlorsulfuron and 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide.
Radioactivity released upon hydrolysis with bfcta-glucosldasa wa9 identified
as 2-chloro-S-hydroxy-N-((4-methoxy-6-nethyl-1,3,S-triazlne-2-yl)
aminocarbonyi] benezenesulfonamlde. This chealcal was most probably
conjugated with glucose since the enzyme employed is highly specific for
cleavage of glucose conjugates.
Wheat plants were also treated with ^C-phenyl-labcled chlorsulfuron in a
field situation. The treatment rate was 100 g/ha and application was
made when plants were about 12 inches high. Samples were taken daily for
six days and a 2 weeks, 1 month and 2 months (maturity). The samples
were extracted and handled as described above for the greenhouse samples.
Radioactivity in the wheat plants ranged from 0.38 to 10.8 ppo (dry might
basis) during the experiment. Again very little translocation to the new
growth of the plants was observed. The grain contained ca 0.03 ppm of
radioactive residue. The radioactivity was Identified as parent compound
along with two conjugated metabolites. Parent compound accounted for 26%
of the total radioactivity initially but this decre^ed to 5% at maturity.
Metabolite A made up 57% of the total radioactivity at Day 1. Metabolite
8 comprised 5% of the radioactive residue on the first day. As the
experiment continued the percentage of A decreased to ca 28% with the
amount of B correspondingly increasing to 30%. In all, 60 to 90% of the
total radioactive residue was identified depending on the length of time
between treatment and sampling. The metabolites were hydrolyzed again
with bet a-glucos1dase and 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide was
released from metabolite B and 2-chloro-5-hvdToxy-N-((4-methoxy-6-methyl-
1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyll benzenes ' onamide was released from
metabolite A.
The metabolism study on barley involved treating both greenhouse and
field-grown barley with '^C-phenyl-labeled chlorsulfuron at rates of 100
and 40 gms/hectare respectively. For the field-grown barley, the plants
were about six inches high when treated and the plants were sampled at 1,
2, and 4 weeks post-treatment and at maturity. Treated leaves and new
growth were analyzed separately.
For the greenhouse barley experiment, the plants were treated at the four-
leaf stage and sampled one wnek after application.
Both sets of samples were worked up for quantitation and identification
of radioactive residues as described above for wheat.
Radioactivity in the treated field-grown barley foliage ranged from <0.067
49
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to 0.117 ppa. Residue* In new growth, including grain, ranged from <0.005
to 0.034 pptn. Metabolites A and B comprised the major portion of the
radioactive residue In barley samples, although some parent and 2-
chlorobenzenesulfonaoiide were also observed* Most of the surface residue
(acetone wash fraction) was chlorsulfuron. Metabolite A accounted for
the major portion of the radioactivity after 1 week but decreased at
longer tines. This decrease was accompanied by corresponding increases
in metabolite B. After hydrolysis with bsta-glucosldass, metabolites A
and B released the same hydroxylated compounds observed in treated wheat.
The metabolism of chlorsulfuron In wheat and barley probably Involves
both a minor pathway reflecting Initial hydrolysis to form 2-
chlorobencenesulfonamide which Is then hydroxylated In the phenyl ring
followed by conjugation with glucose noletlea. The major pathway for
aetabolisa In the subject crops, however, appears to be Initial hydroxylatlon
of the phenyl ring followed by glucose conjugation through this hydroxy
group. This conjugate (metabolite A) can then undergo hydrolysis to forts
the conjugate form of 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonamlde (metabolite B).
Based on the wheat and barley metabolism studies, we conclude that the
nature of the residue in the subject crops is adequately understood. The
terminal residue of concern will consist of chlorsulfuron. Its hydrolysis
product 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamlde and conjugates of 2-chloro-5-hydroxy-
N- [ (4-aethoxy-6-raethyl- 1,3,5-triazin-2—yl) anlnocarbor.yl ] benzenesulfonami de
and i-?hloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonami de.
To* Branch has concluded (Meao of June 10, 1982, C. Frick, PP# 2F2604)
however, that they would not be concerned over the presence of residues
of 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide or 2-chloro-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide in
snail grains, therefore chlorsulfuron and 2-chloro-5-hydroxy-N-[(4-nethoxy-
6-methyl-1,3.S-trlazin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl] benzesulfonamlde (5-
hydroxychlorsulfuron) Including Its conjugates will comprise the terminal
residue of concern in saall grains.
Any future uses of chlorsulfuron which result in the occurrence of
significant residues in crops stay require additional aetabollsm studies.
Animals
Metabolism studies in rats and lactatlng goats were submitted In this petition
(See PP# 2F2604/BPA Accession No. 07047 1). These are discussed below. An
earlier rat study was submitted In conjunction with PP# 002376 (EPA Accession
No. 099459) and reviewed therein. (See nesto of October 17, 1980, E. Zager.)
The rat study reflected giving 4 groups of rata the following doses cf
1^C-phenyl-labeled chlorsulfuron. Group A received a single Intravenous
dose of 0.11 ng/kg. Groups B, C, and D received a single oral dose of
the labeled chlorsulfuron at levels of 16, 16, and 3000 mg/kg. Groups B
and D rats were not preconditioned with chlorsulfuron while Group C rats
received a diet of unlabeled chlorsulfuron at 100 ppa in the diet for 21
days prior to the radioactive dose. Isvedlately after aedlcation all
rats were placed In aetabollsm chambers.
50
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Urine and fecee were collected at 6 and 24 hours post-dosing and then dally
ur.til sacrifice. Carbon dioxide and any volatile material were collected
fron certain animals in Groups A and B. Croup A rats were sacrificed at 96
hours* Groups B and C rats were sacrificed after 72 hours and two Group 0
rats were killed at 72 hours and two were sacrificed after 168 hours. At
sacrifice, blood, organs, and tissue were sampled. All samples were counted,
extracted, cleaned-up and identified via mass spectrometry and TLC.
The major portion of the radioactive dose was excreted in the urine and
feces of all the groups of rats with the larger percentage of the dose
occurring in the urine. Most of the radioactivity was excreted within 48
hours of treatment.
Radioactive residues in blood and tissues ranged from <0.00 1 to 0.006 ppm
in Group A rats, from <0.02 to 2.57 ppm in Group B rats, from 0.03 to
0.31 ppm in Group C rats and from 0.9 to 6114.6 ppm In Group D rats.
Radioactivity was fairly uniformly distributed over the various organs
and tissues for all groups of rats with somewhat higher values being
observed In liver and kidney. No labeled CO2 or volatlles were
detected from any of the rats where the expired ait was collected.
Metabolites which were observed in the rat groups Included 2-
chlorobenzenesulfonamlde and two other materials labeled A and B. The
major portion of the radioactivity in urine consisted of parent (67.6 to
98.5%) in all rat groups. In the four groups, 2-chlorobenzenesulfonainlde
comprised 0.1 to 7.3% of the total radioactivity and metabolites A and B
made up 1.3 to 24.4% of the total radioactivity. In all, at least ca 7 5%
of the total radioactivity in urine was identified as parent or 2-
ch lorobenzenesul for.ami de.
In rat feces radioactive residues were comprised of 69.2 to 91.4% of
chlorsulfuron, 0.6 to 8.5% 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide and 5.3 to 20.1%
metabolite B. In all, >70% of the residue was identified again as parent
and 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamlde.
Rat tissues were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol and
86.8 to nearly 100% of the radioactivity was extracted in the last two
solvent fractions for all samples. TLC of the concentrated ethyl acetate
and methanol extracts showed that the only radioactivity on the plates
was comprised of chlorsulfuron and 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamlde.
The metabolism of chlorsulfuron in rats occurs mainly via hydrolysis to 2-
chlorobenzenesulfonaalde. The rate of hydrolysis appears to be rather
slow since ov*. 50% of the residue In tissue was observed to be parent
compound. Chlorsulfuron and its hydrolysis product 2-chlorobenzene-
sulfonanlde are excreted mainly In the free form in the rat.
The first lactating goat experiment Involved five dally doses of ^C-
phenyl-labeled chlorsulfuron at approximately 7.1 pp« In the diet. Milk
was collscted twice dally and urine and feces were sampled each day. The
animal was sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment and various
tissues were sampled. Approximately 85% of the radioactivity adndnlstered
was excreted In the urine with another 9% excreted in the feces.
51
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Radioactive residues appeared to plateau in the milk after the first day
with levels ranging froa 0.007 to 0.01t ppm. Residues In tissues and
blood ranged from <0.005 to 0.026 ppm (blood). The highest level in
tissue was 0.022 pfa observed in the kidney. Radioactivity was characterized
only in the urine and feces. No attempt to identify the small amounts of
radioactivity in tissues was made.
Analysis of the radioactivity In the urine involved TLC which indicated a
very polar material. This material was adjusted to pH 5.0 and treated
with beta-glucuronidase at 36s for 24 hours. The hydrolyzed sample was
diluted with water, neutralised and extracted with ethyl acetate. The
ethyl acetate was removed and the sample was taken up in methanol and
applied to a TLC plate. Radioactive bands were scraped from the developed
plate and further identified via mass spectrometry. Fro® the TLCgf valuer
and mass spectroscopic data, It was determined that enzymatic hydrolysis
released parent and 2-chlor?benzenesulfonamide In the ratio of 92% to ca
8% respectively. Thus It appears that chlorsulfuron residues are excreted
in the urine as glucuronides.
Feces samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and water. Both extracts
were concentrated and applied to TLC plates in methanol. The ethyl
acetate and water removed 26 and 47% of the radioactivity in the feces.
The ethyl acetate extract consisted of free chlorsulfuron (23%) and some
2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide (ca 3%). Radioactivity in the water extract
was comprised of polar material and a oaall amount of beta-glucuronidase
as described for urine above. This enzymatic hydrolysis released parent
compound (66% of radioactivity residues) and also provided some 2-
chlorobenzenesulfonaaide and other unidentified materials.
Excretion of ingested chlorsulfuron In ruminants appears to occur y
as glucuronlde conjugates of parent and its hydrolysis product 2-
chlorobenzenesulfonamide as opposed to elimination as free compound
the rat. This conjugation prior to excretion indicates that chlorsu. -.oh
is absorbed by ruminants with subsequent conjugation occurring in the liver.
Since no identification of radioactivity in milk or tissues was attempted,
no conclusions regarding the nature of the residue in these cocmodities
when chlorsulfuron is fed to ruminants can be made from this experiment.
The second lactating goat study reflected feeding of ^C-phenyl-labeled
chlorsulfuron treated wheat forage for eix consecutive days. The
total radioactive residue in the foliage reflected 1.5 pj» in the diet.
The radioactivity was comprised of approximately 55% of the conjugated 5-
hydroxyphenyl analog of chlorsulfuron, (metabolite A), about 14% of the
conjugate of 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide (metabolite B), and ca
20% of parent compound. Milk, feces, and urine were collected dally.
The goat was sacrificed the morning of the 7th day and blood and various
tissues were sampled.
Radioactive residues plateaued in milk after ca 24 hours. Levels ranged
from 0.0009 to 0.002 ppm in milk. About 67 and 27% of the administered
dose was excreted in the feces and urine respectively. Radioactivity in
blood and various tissues ranged froa <0.001 to 0.01 ppn (blood and
bladder). In all, 96% of the radioactivity given the goat was recovered.
52
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Radioactive residues were characterized only In the urine and feces*
Urine samples were chroaatographed directly on TLC plates or acidified
and heated with beta-qlucuronldase as described In the Initial goat study
above. Another sample of urine was hydrolyzed with beta-glucoaldase at
pH 5*0 as described in the wheat aetaboliam study above. Feces samples
were extracted with 80:20 acetone/water, centrifuged, decanted and the
excess acetone was stripped off on a rotary evaporator. The solution was
acidified and extracted with ether and then with n-butanol. ftie ether
and n-butanol extracts were taken to dryness and the residue dissolved in
methanol and applied to TLC plates for identification of the radioactivity.
Radioactive residues identified In urine were parent (44%), 5-
hydrodxychlorsulfuron (40%), 2~chloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonamlde (13%)
and 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamlde.
Most of the radioactivity in feces was found in the ether solution
indicating that the radioactive residues were not conjugated. Residues
identlfled were 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron (80%), 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzene-
sulfonaaide (15%), and chlorsulfuron (4%).
When wheat containing weathered residues of chlorsulfuron Is fed to a
ruminant* conjugates of the metabolites are hydrolyzed and the residues
are excreted vainly in the feces In free form- However, some residues
are absorbed and converted to corresponding glucuronldes in the liver.
Glucuronide6 produced in the liver include those of parent, 5-hydroychlor-
euIfuron, 2-chlorbenzenesulfonaaide, and 2-chloro-5-hydroxybenzenesulfonaaide.
The Metabolism of chlorsulfuron in ruminants and poultry Is not adequately
delineated at this time since no identification of radioactive residues in
tissues and milk was performed, nor was a poultry metabolism study conducted.
TOX has concluded (Memos of April 14, 1962, R. Perfetti and June 10, 1992
C. Frick in PP# 2P2604/EPA Accession No. 070762) however that they would
not be concerned over the identity of up to 0.22 ppm (kidney) of
radioactivity in cow tissue and up to 0.011 ppa in milk based on the
feeding of 7.1 ppa of radiolabeled chlorsulfuron in the diet of a lactatlng
goat. Additionally, they do not consider toxlcologlcally significant
expected low levels of unidentified residues in poultry and eggs which
nay result from the feeding of grain containing non-detectable residues
of chlorsulfuron. Based on these conclusions, no additional animal
metaboilso studies are required at this time. Any future uses of
chlorsulfuron which result in significant residues In feed items will
engender the need for additional animal aetabollsa studies. For the
purposes of tolerances in neat and ailk, the residue in these coaaodltles
will be regulated in terns at chlorsulfuron per se for the present.
Analytical Methods
The method used to obtain residue data determines chlorsulfuron only
using hplc equipped with a Tracor Model 965 photoconductivity detector
(PP# 2P2604/EPA Accession No. 070471). Briefly, the aethod Involves
extraction with ethyl acetate followed by reaoval of the ethyl acetate on
a rotary evaporator. The residue Is then taken up In methylene chloride
53
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and pH 10 phosphate buffer la added. The methylene chloride la atripped
off and the solution Is cooled and filtered on a Hllllpore glass filter.
At this point, certain samples (green plant and oat grain samples) require
a sice exclusion clean-up step. Ttils clean-up is as follows:
The aqueous filtrate is acidified to pH 2 and extracted with chloroform.
The saaple is taken to dryness, dissolved in 25% toluene:ethyl acetate
and applied to a size exclusion chromatographic coluan with 25% toluenetethyl
acetate as the mobile phase. The sample is collected, the solvent Is
stripped off, and the residue Is dissolved in pH 10 phosphate buffer.
Ttiese samples are then taken through the solvent extraction cleanup as
with other substances.
The solvent extraction clean-up involves washing the aqueous buffer with
chloroform followed by cyclohexane. The aqueous phase is then acidified to
pH 2 and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extracts are taken to
dryness, redlssolved in the hplc mobile phase, and analyzed for chlorsulfuron.
Validation data submitted reflected fortification of barley and wheat
seeds, straw and wheat, oat and rye plants at 0.01 to 0.2 ppcn. Recoveries
ranged from 50 to 90% with <50% of the recoveries being greater than 70%.
Blank crop values ranged from <0.01 to <0.05 ppn for grain, straw, and
green foliage. Four typical chroaatographs were submitted.
This method ({PPt 2P2604/EPA Accession No. 070471) was modified to
determine chlorsulfuron In bovine tissues, feces, urine and milk in
conjunction with a feeding study. These modifications are as follows:
for milk and urine, the samples are adjusted to pH 2, extracted with
toluene and the toluene solution Is taken to dryness. The sample Is
taken up in pH 10 buffer and the solvent extraction steps are continued
as above for plant substrates. For feces, liver and muscle samples, the
procedure described for grain is used with very minor differences.
For kidney and fat, the samples are extracted with ethyl acetate and
concentrated, refrigerated at 5*C overnight, centrifuged and decanted.
The samples are then concentrated and taken through the size exclusion
clean-up followed by the rest of the normal procedure.
Validation data for milk reflect fortification at 0.01 to 0.06 ppa.
Recoveries ranged from 48 to 130% with most values <70%. Control values
were all given as <0.01 pjmu Validation data for tissue samples involved
fortification at 0.04 to 0.1 ppn and recoveries ranged from 42 to 70%
with all values but one £65%. Control values were again all <0.01 pp®.
Sample chromatograms were submitted.
A second method which determines chlorsulfuron, and 2-chloro-S-hydroxy-N-
({4-oethoxy-1,3,5-triazln-2-yl)aminocarbonyl)benzenesulfonamide(5-
hydroxychlorsulfuron) (metabolite A) after hydrolysis of its glucoslde
conjugate (PP# 2P2604/BPA Accession No. 070762). Briefly, the method
Involves blending with aqueous acidic acetone, the solution is then
centrifuged and decanted from solids, Wie procedure is then repeated and
all acetone:water solutions are combined. The acetone is stripped under
vacuiaa and the aqueous solution is extracted with methylene chloride.
54
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The methylene chloride layer contains metabolite A* The aqueous layer le
acidified# chloroform in added* and the sample le treated with beta-
glucoeidase at 35#C for 6 hours with shaking* After cooling, the chloroform
layer le separated and the chloroform is stripped In vacuo*
The residue is dissolved in acetonitrlle, washed with hexane and the sample
Is again taken to dryness* The residue Is then dissolved In a solution
containing 750 ml of cyclohexane, 125 ml of leopropanol, 125 ml of methanol
and 1 ml of 9 parts glacial acetic acid and 1 part water (called Solution
R), further cleaned~up on a Sep-Pak* column and the eluate is taken to
dryness* The residue Is rediesolved In Solution R and analyzed via hplc
using a photoconductivity detector with a mercury lamp*
The chlorsulfuron residue In methylene chloride is worked-up by addition
of glacial acetic acid and the sample Is taken to dryness* The residue
Is then dissolved In Solution R added to a buffer solution and excess
organic solvents are removed under a stream of nitrogen* This aqueous
solution is washed with methylene chloride, acidified and extracted with
toluene* The toluene extract is tsken to dryness after addtlon of 1 ml
of glacial acetic acid ar.d the residue is rediesolved in Solution R,
cleaned-up on a silica Sep-Pa*^ column and the eluate is evaporated to
dryness* The residue Is again dissolved in Solution ft and analyzed via
hplc as above for metabolite A.
Validation data submitted for raetabolite A reflected fortification of
green wheat at 0.0 5 to 2 ppm and recoveries ranged from 68 to 115%*
Green wheat forage was also spiked with 0*05 to 10 ppm of chlorsulfuron
and recoveries ranged from 7 5 to 119%* All check values for metabolite A
and chlorsulfuron using the procedure above were given as <0*05 ppm In
wheat forage and grain* Sample chromatographs were submitted*
Data for wheat grain reflected fortification levels of 0*05 to 00*2 ppm
and recoveries ranged from 73 to 102%*
Successful method trials on meat# milk, kidney and grain have been
completed* Recoveries In grain fortified at 0*05 and 0*1 ppm ranged from
64 to 98% for chlorsulfuron and 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron conjugate*
Recoveries of chlorsulfuron in meat, milk and kidney ranged from 61 to
104% when fortified at the same levels* The methods employed in the
trials were AMR 70-82 and AMR 85-82*
Adequate methods for enforcement of tolerances In wheat# oats and barley
forage, grain and strav in terms of parent and 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron and
in meat and milk In terms of chlorsulfuron per se are available* Future
uses of chlorsulfuron which require additional metabolism studies may
also engender the need for submission of additional methodology including
validation data, blank crop values and sample chromatograms• Another
method trial may also be needed*
Residue Data
Residue data oubmlttcd (PP# 2P2G04/BPA Accession No*. 07047 1, 070762 and
070891) Involved 3 1 studies on wheat, oatn and barley carried out In the
states of Nebraska O), Wyoming (1), Kansas (4), Delaware (2), South
55
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Dakota (1), Minnesota (5), Oregon (6), North Oakota (2), California (1),
Washington (2) and Oklahoma (4)* Twenty si* of the studies reflected
analysis for chlorsulfuron only with the remaining five Involved analysis
for psrent and 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron*
The experiments reflected post-emergent application of 14*175 to 907*2 ^
active ingredient/acre (1 to 64X) In 11 to SO gallons/acre using ground equip*
vent* In most cases an 80% wettable powder formulation was applied as opposed
to the 75% dry flowable formulation proposed for use* Ho surfactant was
employed in general* One trial involved two treatments to wheat one week
apart while 5 other studies reflected 2 applications to wheat, barley or o«te
4 to 6 months apart* Residues of chlorsulfuron in wheat and barley were all
<0*01 ppm for grain and <0*05 ppm for straw after 50 to 257 days. Residues
in oat grain and straw were given as <0*02 and <0*05 ppm# respectively,
after PHI's of 69 to 249 days* Residues in wheat forage ranged from
<0*05 to 5*2 ppn after 0 to 7 days, from <0*05 to 0*15 ppm after 12 to
15 days, and were given as <0*05 ppm for PHI'S of 26 to 200 days.
Residue data for chlorsulfuron and 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron Involved sampling
of green wheat forage grown in Oklahoma (4 studies) and treated with 1
post-emergence application of 0.S ot of active ingredient/acre (IX rate)
in 10 to 28 gallons of water using ground equipment. In three of the
studies a surfactant was used and the 75% Dry Flowable Glean formulation
waa applied in all cases* Residues of chlorsulfuron and metabolite A
ranged from 0*S to 6*2 ppm and from 0*07 to 1*4 ppm, respectively#
after 0 or 1 day PHI's* After 3 to 14 days residues of chlorsulfuron
ranged from <0.05 to 3*8 ppm and those of metabolite A ranged from 0*3
to 2*9 ppm• The final study involved treatment of wheat grown in Delaware
with 0*62 to 5 os* active ingredient/acre of chlorsulfuron using ths 75%
Dry Flowable Glean formulation and a surfactant. After 85 days (at
maturity) wheat grain was analysed for metabolite A only, and values
were given as <0.05 ppm.
Raw data sheets for all of the residue trials were submitted. Residue
trial B-3-L (Hays, Kansas) has conflicting dates appearing on it. It is
assumed however that the dates given on a second study carried out in
Hays, Kansas (A2-R) also reflect the correct dates for 8-3-L.
The raw data sheets submitted for the residue studies have indicated that the
wheat, barley and oat samples were stored for periods of 157 to 615 days
prior to analysis (Note: In some of the studies we were unable to
determine how long the samples were stored but the indication was that
they were also stored for substantial periods of time prior to analysis*)
In only ths Hinot, North Dakota experiment were the samples analyzed
within 61 days of sampling.
A 1-year storage stability study (PP# 2F2604/EPA Accession No* 070471) in
which wheat grain and straw samples were spiked with 0*04 ppm and 0*2 ppm
respectively of chlorsulfuron per se was submitted* Samples were analysed
at day zero and at various Intervals up to 363 or 364 (straw) days.
Either substrate showed <2 0% of a decrease after the 1-year storage
period. Based on this marginally adequate study, we are accepting residue
data for grain and straw only in those studies in which samples were stored
for less than 365 days*
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With respect to forage, documentation that sooe of the forage samples
were analysed within 3 to 4 months of sampling was submitted. These
data ahow residue levels which are significantly higher than those
observed for forage samples stored for longer periods of time Indicating
that chlorsulfuron residues are degraded during storage*
With respect to residue data for wheat, oats and barley grain and straw,
of all of the studies submitted, 12 had grain and straw saaplea which were
known to have ?>>en stored for 1 year or less* These studies reflected
the states of Rate;*, Oregon, Nebraska, Klnnesots, North Oakota and
Washington* Hesi due levels In grain and straw are discussed above*
While the nxaber of acceptable residue studies on the grain and straw of
wheat, oats and barley is rather limited, in light of the low application
rates, we conclude that combined residues of chlorsulfuron and it'*
metabolite 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron would not be expected to exceed 0.1 ppa
in grain and 0.S ppa in straw* Ths higher tolerance level in grains was
needed for the following reasons:
1) No storage stability study for 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron in grains
was available and the only residue samples of grain analyzed for
this metabolite may have been stored up to 10 months*
2) Ths detection limit for S-hydroxychlorsulfuron in grain was
given aa 0.05 ppm.
3) Only 1 residue study was psrformed in which 5-hydroxychlorsulfuron
glycoside was determined in grain*
Even though we have no residue data or storage stability data for 5-
hydroxychlorsulfuron in straw it is concluded, based on '*C-studles, that
the 0*5 p(B level is adequate to cover residues which may occur*
With respect to forage, since there was some evidence that chlorsulfuron
residues degrade during storage and based on available residue data an
appropriate tolerance level in wheat, oats and barley forage was estimated
to be 20 ppn«
No wheat milling study Is needed at this time since, at most, negligible
residues of chlorsulfuron in grain, l*e*, <0*1 ppn, are expected*
Any future uses of chlorsulfuron wMch result in significant residues in
wheat, oats and barley will engender the need for additional residue
atudies* These experiments should reflect adequate varietal and geographical
representation, the maximum number of treatments and application rates,
ground and aerial application, use of the proposed formulation with and
without a surfactant and analyals of the appropriate raw agricultural
commodities for the terminal residue of concern* k wheat milling study
may also be required along with additional metabollma studies* With
reapect to the wheat milling study. If it Is nseded, the grain should
contain detectable residues of chloreulfuron/metabolites/conjugatss so
that for any concentration which occurs in a fraction, a factor can be
accurately determined*
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Meat# Milk, Poultry and Eggs
Wheat, oats, and barley grain are najor feed lteme comprising up to 80% of
the diet of cattle and up to 50% of the diet of poultry. In addition, wheat
forage can make up 70% of the diet of dalry cattle* Straw can also be fed
to cattle. *ft)e only animal feeding study submitted in this petition Involved
feeding dairy cattle 2# 10, or 50 ppm of chlorsulfuron in the diet for twenty
eight days (pp# 2E2604/EPA Accession Ho. 07047 1). Thle study is discussed
in detail below.
Three groups of two cows were fed chlorsulfuron for 26 days. A second group
of 2 cows was kept as a control. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment,
one cow from each group was sacrificed and samples of blood and various
tissues were taken. The remaining cow in each feeding group was withdrawn
from chlorsulfuron for 8 days and then sacrificed and sampled as above.
Milk was sampled dally with one sample each week being separated intc cream
and 9klm mllk fractions. A urine and feces sample was taken from each cow
once weekly.
Residues of chlorsulfuron per se in composited (AM ~ PM) whole milk samples
were <0.0 1 ppm at the 2 ppm feeding level, <0.0 1 to 0.0 19 ppm at the 10 ppm
feeding level, and 0.021 to 0.10 ppe at the 50 ppm level. Residues in milk
decreased to <0.0 1, <0.0 1, and 0.072 ppm for the 2# 10# and 50 ppm feeding
levels, respectively# within 24 hours of withdrawal from chlorsulfuron. All
milk samples showed <0.0 1 ppm of chlorsulfuron after 48 hours of withdrawal.
Residues appeared to be higher in evening milk samples than in morning samples
ranging up to 0.11 ppm in one PM sample of a cow being fed 50 ppm of chlorsulfuron
in the diet. Residues in milk plateaued at £a 3 days after Initiation of
medication. Separate analyses of cream and skim milk indicated that there
is no preference for chlorsulfuron in the fat portion of the milk.
In urine and feces# residues of free chlorsulfuron ranged from 3.9 to 3 1 ppm
and from 0.06 to 0.74 ppm, respectively# depending on the feeding level.
The petitioner contends that chlorsulfuron is excreted from the cow as the
intact molecule. This is consistent with the goat study discussed earlier
in which hydrolysis of urine excreted glucuronide conjugates released parent
and 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamlde in the ratio of 92 to 8%.
Residues of parent molecule in various tissues ranged from <0.0 1 ppm to 0.26 ppm
in the cow fed 10 ppm of chlorsulfuron and from <0.01 to 0.25 ppm in the cow
fed 50 ppm of this compound. The highest residues were observed in liver and
kidney. However# detectable residues of chlorsulfuron were observed In
muscle* All tissues at either the 10 or 50 ppm feeding levels showed <0.0t
ppm of parent molecule after the 6-day withdrawal period. That the residue
determined by the method was indeed chlorsulfr on was confirmed by gas
chromatography mass spectrometric analysis of methylated sample extracts.
An experiment which attempted to determine whether glucronlde conjugates of
chlorsulfuron occurred in cattle urine or milk was performed. This experiment
Involved taking duplicate sets of urine and milk samples# hydrolyzing only
one set with beta-glucuronidase, and omitting hydrolysis in the other set of
58
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samples* Analysis of the duplicate ests of samplea indicated slightly larger
amounts of chlorsulfuron in the hydrolyced samples but these differences
could be accounted for by dlfferencea In recovery of chloraulfuron. The same
situation waa observed in urine* Thus it would appear that chlorsulfuron
does not occur as a glucuronlde conjugate In milk nor is It excreted as such
a conjugate in urine. This observation of the lack of conjugated chlorsulfuron
in cattle urine is In direct conflict with the results of the goat metabolism
study discussed above* This discrepancy was satisfactorily addrsssed during a
conference with DuPont held on 3/3 1/02.
Based on the discussions above, this chemical is classed In category 2 of
Section 160.6(a) lth respect to seat and milk. Also, based on the rat and
ruminant studies eubmlttsd it is probable that chloraulfuron would be placed
in category 2 with respect to poultry and eggs, thus requiring establishment
of tolerances in terms of parent nolecule and metabolite* of concern In all
four comodltles* However, in light of the TOX conclusions discussed In the
Nature of the Residue Section above, tolerances on meat and milk are to be
established in terms of parent compound only at levels of 0.3 ppm in meat and
0*1 ppm in milk and no tolerances on poultry and eggs are needed at this time*
tony future use of chloraulfuron which results in significant residues in feed
items may require submission of additional ruminant and/or poultry feeding
studies, methodology, proposals for higher/new tolerances In meat, milk,
poultry and eggs and Identification of the terminal residue of concern in
these coms>odlties*
Other Considerations
There are no Codex or foreign tolerances established for chloraulfuron.
Therefore, no compatabl11ty questions are Involved with this petition*
59
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VIII
ECOLOGICAL EfftCTS
geological Effects rtofllc
Oat a indicate that technical chlorsulfuron la practically nontoxic to most
terrestrial wildlife and to aquatic organisms* Overall safety la enhanced by
lte extremely low use rates. A maximum of 1 ounce/acre will be applied during
a 12-®onth growing season, with many appllcat lone made In the 1/4 ounce/acre
range* This results In relatively little exposure and essentially no hazard
to both terrestrial wildlife and aquatic organises. For exanple, if the
total 1 ounce application were made to a 1 acre, 1 meter deep pond, the
resulting chlorsulfuron levels would only be in the low ppb range.
Acceptable acute oral studies yielded LD^q values of greater than 5000 mg/kg
for both bobwhite quail (Twigg 1900, MRID •0 113-0066) and mallard ducks
(Bristol 1960, MRID *0113-0062). Acceptable dietary studies yielded LC$q
values of greater than 5000 ppm for both bobwhite quail (Beavers 1961, MID
10 113-0061} and mallard ducks (Went* 1979, MR ID *0 113-0069)*
In acceptable studies, 96-hour LC50 v*luee for aquatic organisms were determined
to be greater than 300 ppm for blueglll sunfleh (Smith 1979a, MRID #0113-
0064) and fathead minnnowa {Smith 1979c, MRID #0113*0066), greater than 250
ppm for rainbow trout (Sa*th 1979d, MRID #0 113-0067), and greater than 40 ppca
for channel catfish (Smith 1979b, MRID #0113-0065). The 48-hour LC50 to
daphnla Magna was 370 ppm (Goodman 1979, MRID #0 113-0063)* Additionally,
residues were found not to accumulate in the edible tissues of the fish.
Sumary of Major Data Gaps
There are no data gaps in Ecological Effects*
60
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Guide to Use of This Bibliography
1. CONTENT or BIBLIOGRAPHY* nils bibliography contains citation® of all
studies considered relevant by EPA in arriving at the posltiona and
conclusions stated elsewhere In the Standard* Primary sources for
studies In this bibliography have been the body of data submitted to
EPA and Its predecessor agenclea In support of past regulatory decisions*
Selections fro* other sources, including the published literature, in
those Instances where they have been considered, will be included*
2. UNITS OF ENTRY• The unit of entry in this bibliography is called a
"study." In the case of published materials, this corresponds clcsely
to an article* In the caae of unpublished aaterials submitted to the
Agency, the Agency has sought to identify documents at a level parallel
to the published article fro® within the typically larger volumes in
which they were submitted* The resulting "studies" generally have a
distinct title (or at least a single subject), can stand alone for
purposes of rsvlew, and can be described with a conventional bibliographic
citation* The Agency has attempted also to unite basic documents and
commentaries upon them, treating them as a single study*
3* IDENTIFICATION OF ENTRIES* The entries in this bibliography are sorted
numerically by "Mastsr Record Indentlfier," or HRtD, number* This
number is unique to the citation, and should be used at any time
specific reference is required* It is not related to the six-digit
"Accession Number" which has been used to identify volumes of submitted
studies; see paragraph 4(d)(4) below for a further explanation* In a
few cases, entries added to the bibliography late in the review may be
preceded by a nine-character temporary identifier* These entries are
listed after all HRID entries* This temporary Identifier number is
also to be used whenever specific reference is needed*
4* FORM OF ENTRY* In addition to the Master Record Identifier (HRIO),
each entry consists of a citation containing standard elements followed,
in the case of materials submitted to EPA, by a description of the
earliest known submission* Bibliographic conventions used reflect the
standards of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), expanded
to provide for certain special needs*
a* Author* Whenever the Agency could confidently identify one, the
Agency has chosen to show a personal author* When no individual
was identified, the Agency has shown an identifiable laboratory
or testing facility as author* As a last resort, the Agency has
shown the first known submitter as author*
b* Document Date* When the date appears as four digits with no
question marks, the Agency took it directly fro® the document*
When a four-digit date is followed by a question mark, the
bibliographer deduced the date frosi evidence in the document.
When the date appears as (19??), the Agency was unable to determine
or estimate the date of the document*
61
-------
c. Title* In some came* it hi8 been necessary for Agency bibliographers
to create or enhance a document title* Any such editorial
Insertions are contained between square brackets*
d« Trailing Parentheses* For btudles submitted to the Agency in the
past, the trailing parentheses include (In addition to any self-
explanatory text) the following elements describing the earliest
known submission:
( 1) Submission Date* Immediately following the word 'received1
appears the date of the earliest known submsslon*
(2) Administrative Number* The next element, immediately
following the word 'under'. Is the registration number,
experimental permit number, petition number, or other
administrative number associated with the earliest known
submlsalon.
(3) Submitter* The third element is the submitter, following
the phrase Submitted by1* When authorship is defaulted to
the submitter, this element Is omitted*
(4) Volume Identification (Accession Numbers)• The final element
in the trailing parentheses Identifies the EPA accession
number of the volume in which the original submission of the
study appears* The six-digit accession number follows the
symbol 'COL1, standing for "Company Data Library*" This
accession number is in turn followed by an alphabetic suffix
which shows the relative position of the study within the
volume* For example, within accession number 123456, the
first study would be 123456-A; the second, 123456-8/ the
26th 1234S6~Z; and the 27th 123456-AA*
62
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Oata Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
(References Listed by Numbers)
HRtO Citation
0 113-000 1 E. I. du Pont de Nemours I Company (1980)
0 113-000 2 E• I* du Pont de Nemours * Coupany < 190 la)
0113-000 3 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company (1981b)
0 113-0004 E. I. du Pont de Nemours t Company (1981c)
0113-OOOS E. I. du Pont de Neoours ( Company { 1981d)
0113-0006 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 4 Company (1981e)
0 1 13-0007 E. I. du Pont de Neoours 6 Company (
0113-0006 Aptsarda, C.; Shr vastava, S. eutler, L.O. (1981)
0 113*0009 cnrsanovskl, R. L. (1980)
0 113*00 10 ChrsanowsKl, R. L. (1981a)
0 113-00 11 Chrzanovski, R• L. (1981b)
0 113-00 12 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company (1981g)
0 113-00 13 Nan, J. C-Y (1980a)
0113-00 14 Han, J~ C-Y (1980b)
0 113-0015 Han, J. C-Y (1980c)
0113-0016 Han, J. C-Y (1981a)
0 113-00 17 Han, J. C-Y (1981b)
0113-0018 Han, J. C-Y (1981c)
0 113-00 19 Han, J. C-Y (1&61d)
0113-0020 Han, J. C-Y M981e)
0113-0021 Han, J. C-Y (1981f)
63
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Office of Pesticide Program
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
Section Ones
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
(References Listed by NRID Numbers)
HRID Citation
0113-0022 Han, J. C-Y.1 Smith, G.A. (1980)
0113-0023 Julis, A. Jay (I960)
0113-0024 Raplsarda, C- (1981a)
0113-0025 Raplsarda, C. (1981b)
0113-0026 Ashley, P. (1980)
0113-0027 Brlttelll, M. R. i1976)
0113-0028 Edwards, 0. F. (1979)
0113-0029 Ferenz, R. (I960)
0113-0030 Fleser, Stephen (1960)
0113-0031 Galloway, Sheila M. (1981)
0113-0032 Goodman, N. C. (1976)
0113-0033 Hall, J. A. (1980)
0113-0034 Henry, J. E. (1977)
0113-0035 Kinckle, L. (1979)
0113-0036 Hlnckle (1981)
0 113-0037 Hoberaan, Alan H. (1980)
0113-0038 Hunt, Oliver R. (1981)
0113-0039 Rogers, A. S.; Cullk, R. (1978)
0113-0040 Russel, Janes P., Jr. (1977)
0113-0041 Schneider, P. H., Jr. (1980)
0113-0042 Shrlvastava, S. P. (1980)
64
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Office of Pesticide Program®
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0113 Chloraulfuron
Section One:
Citation* Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
(References Listed by HP ID Numbers)
HRID Citation
0113-0043 Sllber, L. 8. (1980a)
0113-0044 Sllber, L. S- (1980b)
0113-0045 Sllber, L. S. (1980c)
0 113-0046 Sfflith, 1.. W. ( 1980)
0113-0047 Tong, C.j Shlaada, T.j Williams, G. M. (1981)
0113-0048 Ttlvlta, R. L. (1979)
0113-0049 Waterer, Judith C. (1980)
0 11,-0050 Wood, C. K. (1980)
0113-0051 Wood, C. K. (1981a)
0113-0052 Wood, C. K. i1981b)
0113-0053 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Cooapny (1981h)
0113-0054 Han, J. C-Y. (1981g)
0 113-0055 Han, J. C-Y. (1981h)
0113-0056 Han, J. C-Y. (1981i)
0113-0057 Han, J. C-Y. (1981j)
0113-0058 Slates, R. V. (1981)
0 113-0059 Slates, K. V.j Moore, 0. W. (1981)
0113-0060 Zahnow, E. E. (1981)
0113-0061 Beavers, Joann B. (1981)
0113-006* Bristol, Xenneth L. (1980)
0 113-0063 Goodain, N. C. ( 1979)
65
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MF_T0
0 11J-0064
0113-0065
0 113-0066
0 113-0067
0113-0068
0 113-0069
Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
Section Onei
Citations Considered to be Part of the Oata Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
(References Listed by HRID Numbers)
Citation
Sfflith, Edward J. (1979a)
Smith, Edward J. (1979b)
Smi th, Edward J. ( 1979c)
Smith. Edward J. (1979d)
Twigg, Carol J. (1980)
Vent*, Krlsta T. (1979)
66
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Product Chemistry
MR ID CJtat ion
0 113*000 1 E- I. du Pont de Nemours t Company {1980} Determination of
2-Chloro-N-((4-methoxy-6-methoxy-6-»ethyl-1,3,5-tri azlne-2-
yl)amino-carbony1)benzenesulfonamide (DPX-4189) Reversed-Phase
Liquid Chromatography (RPLC) Assay Method (Method No*: C
298.02821R). (Unpublished study received June 10, 1960, under
252-EUP-RNLj CDL:099459).
0 113*0002 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company (19Rla) Analysis for Hitrosamlnes•
{Unpublished study received November 13, 1981, under 3S2-UNU;
COL * 07047C)~
0 113-0003 E. I. du Pont de Nemours £ Company (1981b) Composition of Technical
Chlorsulfuron. (Unpublished study received November 13, 1901,
under 352-UNUi CDL:070470>.
0 113*0004 E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company (1981c) Confidential Statement
of Formula. (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981,
under 352-UNUi CDL:070470).
0 113-0005 E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company (1981d) Manufacturing Process
and Impurities Formed. (Unpublished study received November
13, 1981, under 352-UNUi CDL:070470).
0113-0006 E. I. du Pont de Nesours 6 Company (1981e)
(Unpublished study received November 13,
COL:070470).
Storage Stability.
1981, under 352-UNUi
0 1 13-0007 E. I. du Pont de Nemours t Company {198If)
(Unpublished study received November 13,
CDL070470).
Technical Data Sheet.
1981, under 3S2-UNU;
0 113-0008 Rapisarda, C./ Shrivastava, S. P.? Butler, L. 0. (1981) Physical
Properties of DPX-4189: Octanol/Water Partition Ratio,
Solubilities/ and Soil Adsorption Data (R-Values and TLC
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Office of Petti eld* Program*
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Oata Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Environmenta 1 Pate
MRID
CltatIon
0 113-0009 Chrraoovski, R. L. (1960) Soil Column Adsorption Studies with 14c-
DPX-4189 Herbicide on Soils (AMR-08-80B)~ (Unpublished study
received June 10~ 1980, under 0G2376; submitted by E. t. du
Pont de Nemours 4 Company, Wilmington, DE? CDL:099462).
0 113*0010 Chrzanowskl, R. L. (1961a) Degradation of 14C-DPX-W4189 in Anaerobic
Aquatic Environments (AMR-39-01). (Unpublished study received
November 13, 1901, under 3S2-UNU; submitted by E. I* du Pont de
Nemours 4 Company, Wilmington, DE; CDL:070470).
0 113*0011 Chrtanowski, R. L. (1961b) Soil Column Leaching Studies with
(14c)-DPX-4189 (AMR-26-81). (Unpublished study received November
13, 1981, under 352-UNU; submitted by E. X. du Pont de Nemours
4 Company, Wilmington, OEi CDL?070470).
0 113-00 12 E* I. du Pont de Nemours 4 Company (1961g) Glean* Aerial Drift
Study* (Unpublished study received December 28, 1961, under
352-UNUi CDL:070534)•
0 113*00 13 Han, J. C-Y* (1960a) Aerobic Soil Metabolism of 14c~Phenyl Labeled
DPX-4189 (AMR-08-80C). (Unpublished study received June 10,
1980, under 0G2376; submitted by E. I~ du Pont ds Nemours 4
Company, W1lmington, DE; CDL:099462).
0 113-0014 Han, J. C-Y* (1980b) Hydrolysis and Photolysis Studies with 14c-
DPX-4169 (AMR-O8-0OA). (Unpublished study received June 10,
1980, under 0G237 6; submitted by E. I* du Pont de Nemours 4
Company, Wilmington, DEs CDL:099462).
0 113*0015 Han, J. C-Y. (1980c) Field Soil Disappearance Studies with 14c-
Labeled DPX-4189 (AMR-08-800). (Unpublished study received
June 10, 1980, under 0G2376; submitted by E. I. du Pont de
Nemours 4 Company, Wilmington, DE; CDL:099462).
0 113-00 16 Han, J. C-Y. (1961a) 1*C-DPC-W4189 Soil Disappearance Studies in
the Pleld (AMR-54-81). (Unpublished study received November
13, 1961, under 3 52-UNUj submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours
4 Company, Wilmington, DEj CDL:070470).
68
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 01Y3 Chlorsulfuron
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Environmental Fate
MR 10
CltatIon
0 113-00 17 Han, J. C-Y. (1981b) Hydrolysis of 14c-Labeled DPX-W4189
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulforon
Section Ones
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Environmental Fate
MR ID Citation
0113-0025 Raplsarda, C. (1981b) Rotational Crop Studies with 14c-Phenyl
Labeled DPX-W4189 in the Greenhouse (AMR-49-81). (Unpublished
study received Novenber 13, 1981, under 352-UNUj submitted by
E. 1. du Pont de Neiaours 6 Company, Wilmington, DBt CDL:070470).
0 113-0008 Raplsarda, C.j Shrivaetava, S. P.i Butler, L. 0. (1981) Physical
Properties of DPX-4189: Octanol/Water Partition Ratio, Solubi-
lities, and Soil Adsorption Data (K-Values and TLC (Rf) Values)
(AMR-28-81). (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981,
under 352-UNUi submitted by E. I. du Pont de Neaours & Company,
Wilmington, DEi CDLi070470 ).
70
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Office of Pesticide Programs
R'llstrstion Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfuron
MR 10
0 113-0026
Section One:
CI tat Sons Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Toxicology
Citation
Ashley, P. (1980) Acute Skin Absorption LD^g Teet on Rabbits
(HLR 505-80)• (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981#
under 2F2604; submitted by B. I. du Pont de Nemours 4 Company,
Wilmington, DC; COL:07047 1).
0 113-0027 Brlttelll, H« R. (1976) Eye Irritation Test In Rabbits (HLR
744-76)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0G2376; submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company,
Wilmington, DC; CDLr099460).
0 113-0028 Edwards, 0. F. (1979) Acute Skin Absorption Test on Rabbits -
LO5Q (HLR 4 15-79). (Unpublished study rscslved June 10, 1980,
under 0G2376; submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nesours t Company,
Wilmington, OEi COL:099460)«
0 113-0029 Ferenz, R. (lr30) LCso Inhalation Test - Albino Rats (HLR 129-
80)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under 0G2376?
submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours t Company, Wilmington,
DC) CDL:09946C).
0113-0030 Fieser, Stephen (1980) Dominant Lethal Evaluation In Rats (HLO
789-80). (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981, under
2F2604? prepared by Hazleton Laboratories, submitted by B. I.
du Pont de Nemours t Company, Wilmington, DB; CDL:07047 1).
0 113-003 1 Galloway, Sheila M. (1981) Mutagenicity Evaluation of 12,700 in
an Vitro Cytogenetic Assay Measuring Chromosome Aberration
Frequencies In Chlnsse Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells (HLO-323-81)•
(Unpublished study received November 11, 1981, under 2F2604;
prepared by Litton Blonetlcs, subsdtted by B. I. du Pont de
Nemours 6 Company, Wilmington, DE; CDL:07047 1).
0 113-0032 Goodman, N. C. (1976) Primary Skin Irritation and Sensitization
Test on Guinea Pigs (HLR 794-76)* (Unpublished study received
June 10, 1980, under 0G2376; submitted by B. I. du Pont de
Nemours t Company, Wilmington, DE> CDL:09946G)«
7 1
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Caee 0113 Chloreulfaron
Section Onei
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
MRID
ToxlcoLogy
Citation
0113*0033 Hall, J. A* (1900) Oral LO$0 Test in Guinea Pigs (HLR 300-00).
(Unpublished study received June 10, 19tf% under 0G2376*
submitted by E. I* du Pont de Nemours 4 Company, Kilnington,
DCi CDLt 099460)~
0113-0034 Henry, J* E» (1977) Ten-Dose Oral Subacute (J!T*R 97-77),
(Unpublished study received June 10, 19bfl, under 3G2376;
submitted by t. I* du Pont de Nemoors 6 Company, Wilmington,
DC/ CDLt099460)•
0113-0035 Hinckle, L» (1979) Intraperitoneal LDjq Te«t i HLR 403-79).
(Unpublished study received June 10# 19';0, undar 0G2376*
submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours 6 Company, Wilmington,
OE> CDLt099460).
0113-0036 Hinckle, L. (1961) Oral LDjq Teat In Rat (HLR 74-81). (Un-
published study received November 13, 1961, under 2F2604;
submitted by E. I, du Pont de Nemours t Company, Wilmington,
DEj CDL;070471).
0113-0037 Hoberman, Alan M* (1980) Teratology Study in Rabbits (HLO-
534-00)• (Unpublished study received November 13, 1901,
under 2F2604> prepared by Hazleton Laboratories, subaltted
by E. I. du Pont de Nemours a Company, Wilmington, DE;
CDL:070471)•
0113-0030 Hunt, Oliver R. (1901) Metabolism of 14C-DPX-W4109 by Rats
(AMR-53-01)« (Unpublished study received November 13, 1901,
under 2P2604; submitted by E. I* du Pont de Nemours 4 Company,
Wilmington, DEi CDL:070471).
0113-0039 Rogers, A. S«j Cullk, R. (1970) Teratological Study of 2-Chloro-
N-((4-methoxy-6-©ethyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl)-
benzenesulfonamlde (INW-4109) in Rata (HLR 503-70)* (Un-
published study received June 10, 1900, under 0G2376; submitted
by Ft X» du Pont de Nemours a Company, Wilmington, DEj
CDLt 099461)•
72
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0113 Cbloraulfuron
Section Ones
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Toxicology
HRID Citation
0113-0040 Russel# Janes P., Jr* (1977) Mutagenic Activity of Benzene-
sulfonamide, 2-Chloro-N-((4-methoxy-6-methyl-1#3 #5-trlatin-
2-yl) aminocarbonyl] in the Salmonella/Microtome Assay (HLR
121*77)* (Unpublished study received June 10# 1980, under
0G2376; suij<ted by E. I« du Pont de Nenours t Company,
Wilmington# OEj CDL;099461)•
0113-0041 Schneider# P. W.# Jr. (1990) Six-Month Feeding Study in Dogs
with 2-Chloro-N-l(4-methoicy-6-methyl-1#3#5-trla*ln*2-yl)-
amlnocarbonyl]benzenesulfonamlde (INW-4189) (HLR 109*60).
(Unpublished study received June 10# 19S0# under 0G2376;
submitted by E. I* du Pont de Nemours a Company# Wilmington#
DEf CDLt099461)•
0113-0042 Shriv«st«va, S. P. (1980) Metabolism of 14C-DPX-4189 by Rats
(AMR-08-80). (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980#
under 0G2376* submitted by E. I« du Pont de Nemours a Company#
Wilmington# DEf CDLt099461)•
0113-0043 Sllber# L. S. (1980a) Eye Irritation in Rabbits (HLR 1034*60)*
(Unpublished study received November 13# 1981# under 2F2604*
submitted by E* I* du Pont de Nemours a Company# Wilmington#
DE> CDLt07U471).
0113-0044 Sllber# L* S. (1980b) Primary Skin Irritation and Sensitization
Test on Guinea Pigs
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Office of Pesticide Propria*
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0113 Chlorsulfuron
Section Ones
Citations Considered to be Part of the Oata Bate
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Toxicology
MR1D
Citation
0113-0047 Tong, C.i Shimada, T.i Williams, G. M. (1961) The Hepatocyte
Primary Oulture/DNA Repair Aeeay on Compound 12*700 Using
Rat Hepatocytes in Culture (HL0794-81). (Unpublished study
received December 20, 190 1, under 2F2604; prepared by Naylor
Data Institute, submitted by B* I» du Pont de Nemours £
Company, Wilmlngton, DE; COL:070534).
0 113-0040 Trivits, R. L. (1979) Oral LO50 Test In Faated Male and Feula
Rets (HLR 399*79). (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980,
under 0G2376r submitted by B. I* du Pont de Nemours fc Company,
Wilmington, OEt CDL:099460).
0113-0049 Waterer, Judith C« (1980) Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Assay for
Mutagenicity (HLR 475-80)* (Unpublished study received
November 13, 1981, under 2F2604; submitted by E* 1* du Pont de
Netaours I Company, Wilmington, OB; CDL:07047 1).
0 113-0050 Wood, C. K. (1961) Nlnety-Omy Feeding Study with 2-Chloro-N-
t (4-methoxy-6-aethy1- 1,3, S-tria*in-2-yl )ami nocarbonyl) -
benzenesulfonaalde (INW-4 189) In Rats (HLR 80-80). (Un-
published study received June 10, 1980, under 0G2376; submitted
by E. I* du Pont de Nemours t Company, Wilmington, OBi
COL:099460).
0 113-0051 Wood, r. K. (1961a) Long-Tern Feeding Study with 2-Chloro-N-
((4-aethoxy-6-methyl-1,3,S-triaxin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]benzene-
suHonamide (rNW-4189) in Mice (HLR 838-81). (Unpublished
study received December 28, 1961, under 2F2604; submitted by
B. I. du Pont de Neaours & Company, Wilmington, OB; COL:
07053S to 070540).
0113-0052 Wood, C* 1C. (1981b) Long-Term Feeding Study with 2-Chloro-N-
((4-®ethoxy-6-methyl-1,3,S-trlasin-2-yl)ami nocarbonyl]-
benzenesulfonamlde (INW-4 189) In Rats (HLR 557-81)* (Un-
published study received November 13, 1981, under 2F2604;
submitted by K. 1* du Pont de Nemours t Company, Wilmington,
OB; CDLiO70472 to 070476)*
74
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chlorsulfumn
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
' Residue Chemistry
MRID
Citation
0113-0053 E- I- du Pont de Nemours ft Company (1981h) Tables I to IV,
Section 0. (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981,
under 2P2604> CDL:70471).
0i13-0054 Han, j. c-Y. (I981g) The Pate of the Major Wheat Metabolite of
14C-OPX-W4189 In the Lactatlng Goat (AMK-52-81). (Unpublished
study received November 13, 1981, under 2P2604; submitted by
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, DE; CDLs070471).
0 113 -0055 Kan, J. C-Y. (1981b) Uc-DPX-W4 189 Metabolism In Barley (AMR-5S-
61). (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981, under
2F2604i submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours ft Company.
Wilmington, DE} CDL:07047 11.
0 113-0056 Han, J. C-Y. ( 19811) UC-DPX-W4189 Metabolism in Greenhouse and
Field Grown Wheat (AMR-47-81) . (Unpublished study received
November 13, 1981, under 2P2604> submitted by E. I. du Pont
de Nemours 6 Company, Wilmington, DE; CDL:07047 1).
0113-0057 Han, J. C-Y. (1981J) Metabolism of Uc-OPX-4 189 in the Lactatlng
Nanny Goat (AMR-29-81). (Unpublished study received November
13, 1981, under 2F2604; submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours
ft Company, Wilsiington, DE; CDLi070471).
0113-0037 Hunt. Oliver R. (1961) Metabolism of 1«C-DPX-W4189 by Rats
(AMR-53-81). (Unpublished study received November 13, 1981,
under 2P2604; submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours ft Company,
Wilmington, DEj CDL:070471).
0113-0041 Shrivastava, S. P. ( 1980) Metabolism of Uc-DPX-4189 by Rate
(AMR-08-80). (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980,
under 0G2376» submitted by E. I. du Pont de Nemours ft Company,
Wilmington, DE; C0Ls099461).
0 113-0058 Slates, R. V. (1981) Determination of DPX-4189 Residues In
Grain, Straw, and Green Plants of Cereal by High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (AMR-04-81). (Unpublished study received
November 13, 1981, under 2F2604i submitted by E. I. du Pont de
Nemours ft Company, Wilmington, OEi COLi07047 1).
75
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Office of Pesticide Program*
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 01t3 Chlorsulfuron
Section One:
Citation® Considered to be Pert of the Dete Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Residue Chemistry
MR ID Citation
0 1 13-0059 Slates, R. V.; Moore, 0. W• (1981) Fate of DPX-W4189 Ingested
by Dairy Cattle (AMR-48-81) • (Unpublished study received
November 13# 1981, under 2P2604; submitted by E. I. du Pont de
Nemours a Company, Wilmington, DEi CDL:07047 1).
0113-0060 Zahnow, E« W. (1982) Analysis of Chlorsulfuron and Metabolite
A (AMR-70-82). (Unpublished study received April 9, 1982,
under 2P2604; submitted by E. I* du Pont de Hemours t Company,
Wilmington, DE* COL:070762-A).
76
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Office of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0113 Chlorsulfuron
Section One r
Citation® Considered to be Part of the Data Bate
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Ecological Effect!
WHIP Citation
0113*0061 Beavers, Joann B* (1991) Eight-Day Dietary LDjq Bobwhite Quail
(KLO-806-81)• (Unpublished study received December 28, 1981,
under 352-UNU; prepared by Wildlife Tnternatlonal Ltd*, sub-
mitted by E» I* du Pont de Nemours fc Company, wilmino _>n, DEj
CDL:070534).
0113-006? Bristol, Kenneth I.. (1900) Acute Oral Study In Mallard
Ducks (HLO-289-80) • (UnpubllsV>ed study received June 10, 1980,
under 0C2376* prepared by Hazletcn laboratories, submitted by
E* I* du Pont de Nemours 4 Company, Wilmlnqton, DE) CDLt099462)*
0113-0063 Goodman, Nancy C* (1979) 48-Hour LC50 to Daphnla Magna (HLR
152-79). (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0C2376i submitted hy E« I* du Pont de Nemours & Company#
Wilmington, DEi CDLj099462).
0113-0064 Smith, Edward J* (1979a) 96-Hour *^50 to Blueglll Sunfish (HLR
385-79)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1900, under
0G2 376; submitted by E. i« du Pont de Nemours & Company,
Wilmington, DEr CDLt099462)»
0113-0065
0113-0066
Smith, Edward J, (1979b) 96-Hour LCjg to Channel Catfish (HLR
856-79)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0G2J76; submitted by E* I* du Pont de Nemours 6 Company,
Wilmington, DE; CDL;099462).
Smith, Edward J« (1979c) 96-Hour LC^q to Fathead Minnows (HLR
384-79)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0G2376; submitted by E* I* du Pont de Nemours 6 Company,
Wilmington, DE} CDL:099462).
0113-0067 SmitN Edward J* (1979d) 96-Hour LC50 to Rainbow Trout (HLR
386-79)* (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0G2 376; submitted by E. I* du Pont de Nemours 6 Company,
Wilmington, DE; CDL:099462)•
0113-0068 TVigg, Carol J* (1980) Acute Oral LD50 Study in Bobwhlte Quail
(HLO-290-80)• (Unpublished study received June 10, 1980, under
0G2376) prepared by Hazleton Laboratories, submitted by E. I»
du Pont de Nemours t Coepany, Wilmington, DEj CDLt099462)•
77
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Offlet of Pesticide Programs
Registration Standard Bibliography
Case 0 113 Chloraulfuron
Section One:
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base
Supporting Registration Under the Standard
Ecological Effects
MRID Cltation
0113-0069 Wentr, Krista T. (1979) Avian Oietary Toxicity (LC^q) in
Mallard Ducka (HLO-56S-79). (Unpublished study received June
10, 1980, under 0G2376; prepared by Hazleton Laboratories#
submitted by C. I. du Pont de Neoours a Company, Wilmington,
DEi COL:099462).
76
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REFERENCE KEY TO MR 10 NUMBER
The permanent MRIO numbers for citations in this Standard vera not available
when the Standard was written. The following lists provide a crosswslk
between the temporary number which was assigned and the permanent MRID number*
The MRIO number should be used when citing a particular study*
TEHP - 10
MR ID
TEMP - ID
MRIO
0 113-000 1
00032100
0 f 13-0036
00086823
0 1 13-0002
00086811
0113-0037
00086827
0 1 13-0003
00086809
0113-0036
00086831
0113-0004
00066856
0 113-0039
0003 1424
0113-0005
00086809
0113-0040
00' 3 1425
0113-0006
000868 10
0 113-0041
00031420
0113-0007
00099125
0113-0042
0003 14 26
0113-0008
00083 946
0 1 13-0043
00C83959
0113-0009
00035272
0113-0044
00083962
0113-00 10
00086815
0 113-0045
00083961
0113-0011
00086816
0113-0045
0003 1421
0113-00 12
000900 10
0113-0047
00090008
0113-00 13
00035273
0 1 13-0048
00086823
0 113-00 14
00035270
0 1 13-0049
00066626
0113-0015
00035274
0 113-OOSO
000314 18
0113-0016
00086817
0 113-0051
00090030
0113-0C 17
00083946
0 113-0052
00066003
0113-00 18
00086618
0 113-0053
00086832
0 113-00 19
00086813
0113-0054
00086637
0 1 13-0020
00083951
0113-0055
00066834
0 113-0021
00086820
0113-00 56
00086833
0113-0022
00035276
0113-0057
00086836
0113-0023
00035277
0113-0058
00066835
0113-0024
00086814
0113-0059
00086838
0 1 13-0025
00086819
0 113-0060
00098293
0113-0026
00086826
0 1 13-0061
00090009
01 13-0027
000314 14
0 113-0062
00035264
0 113-0028
00031411
0113-0063
0003S262
0113-0029
0003 1413
0113-0064
00035258
0113-0030
00086829
0113-0065
00035261
0 113-003 1
00086830
0113-0066
00035260
0113-0032
0003 1417
0113-0067
00035259
0 113-0033
0003 1408
0113-0068
00035263
0 113-0034
0003 1409
0113-0069
00035266
0113-0035
0003 14 10
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