ENERGY STAR®
PortfolioManager™
DataTrends
Energy Use Benchmarking
Buildings Benchmarking
in Portfolio Manager
267,016 Properties
28.2 Billion P
40% Market Penetration
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager is
changing the way organizations track and manage energy. As of December 2011,
organizations have used Portfolio Manager to track and manage the energy use of over
260,000 buildings across all 50 states, representing over 28 billion square feet (nearly 40%
of the commercial market). Because of this widespread market adoption, EPA has
prepared the DataTrends series to examine benchmarking and trends in energy and water
consumption in Portfolio Manager. To learn more, visit www.energvstar.gov/DataTrends
Who is benchmarking?
Many different types of organizations use Portfolio Manager to
benchmark the energy use of their buildings. Office, K-12
School, and Retail buildings are the most prevalent, accounting
for close to 60% of those benchmarked, followed by Bank/
Financial buildings, in the chart below, "All other types" includes
multifamily buildings, colleges, malls, fire stations, and many
more.
Benchmarking by Building Type
Number of Buildings
Medical Office
4,622 (2%)
Hospital
4,860 (2%)
Warehouse
6,019(2%)
Hotel
8,426 (3%)
Supermarket/.
Grocery
12,913(5%)
All other types
51,621 (19%)
Office
57,247(21%)
K-12 School
51,500 (19%)
Retail
41,402 (16%)
Bank/Financial
Institution
28,406 (11%)
The number of buildings benchmarked in Portfolio Manager has
grown dramatically over the past 10 years, almost doubling just
since 2009. These buildings range widely on just about any
measure, including size, location, age, building activity, and
energy consumption.
Growth in Benchmarking
Total Number of Buildings
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^Buildings Benchmarked Floor Space
Note: Number and floor area of buildings benchmarked includes cumulative data through 2011. Analysis of energy use and
business activity includes buildings benchmarked between 2006 and 2012. The data is self reported and has been filtered to
exclude outliers, incomplete records, and test facilities. Portfolio Manager is not a randomly selected sample and is not the basis
of the ENERGY STAR score. To learn more, visit: www. energystar. gov/Data Trends
Up to 1,000 buildings
1,001-2,000 buildings
Benchmarking by State
Total Number of Buildings
¦	2,001-4,000 buildings
¦	4,001-8,000 buildings
¦	More than 8,000 buildings

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How does energy use vary among
buildings?
Energy use intensity (EUi) varies widely among buildings. One of
the key contributing factors is building activity. Supermarkets
have relatively high EUI due to refrigeration loads, while
warehouses, with less equipment and fewer workers, tend to
have low EUI. The median EUls in Portfolio Manager are similar
to the median EUls derived from the Department of Energy's
nationally representative Commercial Building Energy
Consumption Survey (CBECS), which forms the basis of most of
the ENERGY STAR energy performance scales. These scales
produce a 1-to-100 peer group comparison, accounting for
differences in climate and business activities.
Median Source EUI
PM Median Source EUI
National Median Source EUI
200
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Some building types excluded due to inadequate data and/or EUI values
beyond this range
Each median represents the value in the middle of a distribution,
but the full range of energy use within each property type can be
much larger, as shown in the figure below for School, Office, and
Hospital. Hospitals have the highest median of these three, and
also the largest range. The EUI values for Office and School are
less widely distributed.
25%
Range of Source EUI
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School
Office
Hospital
Source EUI (kBtu/ft2)
How do size and business activity vary
by building type?
There is a wide variation in operating characteristics among
property types benchmarking in Portfolio Manager. The graphs
below illustrate the variation in size, worker density, and
operating hours. These figures show the difference not only in
median values, but also in the range. For example, Hotels and
Retail stores have a much smaller number of workers on
average than Offices and the range in their values is smaller.
Square Feet
Hospitals
Hotels
Schools
Office
Courthouse
Senior Care
Warehouse
Supermarkets
Medical Office
Dormitory
Retail
Worship
Bank
i Range
(5th - 95th percentile)
• Median
500,000	1,000,000 1,500,000
Square Feet
O Workers
Hospitals
Office
Bank
Courthouse
Supermarkets
Senior Care
Retail
Warehouse
Hotels
¦ Range
(5th - 95th percentile)
~ Median
2 3 4
Workers per 1000 ft2
"open" Hours
Supermarkets
Retail
Medical Office
Warehouse
Office
Courthouse
Bank
Worship
I Range
(5th - 95th percentile)
• Median
50	100	150
Weekly Operating Hours
200
What is Source Energy? Source energy is the amount of raw fuel required to operate your building. In addition to what you use on-
site, source energy includes losses from generation, transmission, and distribution of energy. Source energy enables the most
complete and equitable energy assessment. Learn more at: www.enerqvstar.qov/SourceEnerqy.
October 2012
v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

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