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Boy Scout Camp Project Reduces Phosphorous in Christopher Creek
Waterbody Improvsd 'n ^006 Christopher Creek was listed on the state's Clean Water
Act (CWA) section 303(d) list of impaired waters for nutrients (total
phosphorus) due to pollution from recreational areas. Managers of recreational facilities began
implementing best management practices (BMPs) beginning in 2008 to address pollution sources,
especially leaking septic systems and horse pastures. As a result, phosphorus levels decreased and
the phosphorus impairment was removed in 2016.
Problem
Christopher Creek is a seven-miie-iong creek flowing
within the greater Salt River watershed, about 100
miies northeast of Phoenix. The area surrounding
Christopher Creek is predominantly U.S. Forest Service
land, and the area is sparsely populated. Christopher
Creek empties into Tonto Creek, which flows 73 miles
through the Tonto National Forest and ultimately
drains into Roosevelt Lake just outside of Phoenix.
Roosevelt Lake, part of the Salt Ri ver Project, is the
largest reservoir in Arizona and serves as a major
water source for the Phoenix metropolitan area
(Figure 1).
Recreational use of lands surrounding Christopher
Creek led to nutrient (phosphorus) and Escherichia coli
(E. coli) impairments. Christopher Creek (waterbody
15060105-353) was listed as impaired for nutrients
(phosphorus) on the state's CWA section 303(d) list in
2006. In addition, Christopher Creek and Tonto Creek
are not attaining for £ coli. A total maximum daily
load (TMDL) was developed and approved for E. coli in
2004.
A broad watershed plan for the greater Salt River
watershed was written in the mid-2000s. This water-
shed plan provided broad themes and ideas on how
to address watershed impairments. As a result, the
Boy Scouts, Gila County, and the Arizona Department
of Environmental Quality (ADEQ.) identified an aging
campsite wastewater treatment system (septic system)
and nearby horse pasture lands as sources of E. coli
and nutrients. In 2007 the local Boy Scout Troop
submitted a project proposal to address contaminants
entering Christopher Creek from the septic system and
horse pasture lands.
Figure 1. Christopher Creek flows into Tonto Creek in central
Arizona.
Project Highlights
In 2008 project partners completed a septic system
upgrade and horse pasture clean-up at the R-Bar-C
Boy Scout Camp on Christopher Creek (Figure 2). The
project received $162,300 in CWA section 319 funds,
with an additional $108,000 of in-kind match provided
by Gila County and a $200 in-kind match provided
by the Boy Scouts in the form of volunteer services.
Overall, the project included installation of two
5,300-gallon septic tanks, one 5,300-gallon recirculat-
ing tank and one 4,000-gallon pump tank. Several
buildings were connected to the new septic lines and
treatment facilities. The central kitchen was connected
to the treatment system through a new 5,300-gallon
grease trap.
Williams Creek
Toqfo Creek
Fish Watchery
Horton
Creek
[onto Creek
Hunte'r-Creek
(Bear Flat
evelopment
Tor>t$ Creek j Haiglet
impaired Christopher Creek
	Impaired Portion of Tonto Creek
	 Attaining Portion of Tonto Creek
	 Tributaries to Tonto & Christopher Creek
| Tonto & Christopher Creek Watershed
r - - -jp
0 1.25 2.5 5 7.5 10
^ Miles

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Figure 2. A new septic system was installed at the Boy Scout campground.
To address future potential horse pasture runoff, ongo-
ing pasture clean-up activities have been established
by the Boy Scouts as part of their own camp manage-
ment program.
Results
At the outset, project partners anticipated load reduc-
tions for E. coli and nutrients between 75 percent and
90 percent. Effectiveness monitoring was conducted
byADEQin Christopher Creek, and the sampling
primarily focused on E. coli and nutrients. Nitrogen,
E. coli, and phosphorus sample results were analyzed
and compared to data collected for the TMDL report.
The analysis showed that phosphorus exceeded the
water quality standard in pre-project sampling, and
never during post-project sampling. The standard
requires that the total phosphorus annual mean not
exceed 0.10 milligrams per liter (mg/L). In 2003, before
project implementation, annual mean total phos-
phorus levels exceeded the standard under baseflow
conditions (0.134 mg/L) and storrnflow conditions
(1.367 mg/L). In 2014, after project implementation,
the annual mean total phosphorus levels met the
standard under both baseflow conditions (0.042 mg/L)
and storrnflow conditions (0.0398 mg/L). As a result,
in 2016 Christopher Creek was delisted as impaired for
total phosphorus based on the results of the 2013 and
2014 sampling data. Christopher Creek isstill listed as
impaired for E. coli and dissolved oxygen.
Partners and Funding
Gila County partnered with the Grand Canyon Council
of the Boy Scouts of America to implement this proj-
ect. The project was entirely within the Boy Scouts'
camp, including the horse pasture. Gila County pro-
vided in-kind match ($108,000) by providing staff time.
The Boy Scouts provided in-kind volunteer services
($200). The project received $162,300 in CWA section
319 funds. ADEQ analyzed the data, wrote the TMDL,
provided technical assistance, and continues to moni-
tor the creek. The total project cost was $270,500.
* ^ '
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Water
Washington, DC
EPA 841-F-17-001BB
December 2017
For additional information contact:
Jade Dickens
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
602-771-4115 • Dickens.Jade@azdeq.gov

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