gflJJKK	ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
for Computer Monitors
pHttl	Table of Contents
Partner Commitments	2
Commitment	2
Performance for Special Distinction	3
Draft 3 Eligibility Criteria	5
Definitions	5
Qualifying Products	6
Energy-Efficiency Specifications for Qualifying Products	6
Test Methodology	8
User Interface	14
Effective Date	14
Future Specification Revisions	14
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	1

-------

f Nl. Rl.iY STAR
PARTNER
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
for Computer Monitors
Partner Commitments
Commitment
The following are the terms of the ENERGY STAR Partnership Agreement as it pertains to the
manufacturing of ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors. The ENERGY STAR Partner must adhere
to the following program requirements:
comply with current ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria, defining the performance criteria that must
be met for use of the ENERGY STAR certification mark on computer monitors and specifying the
testing criteria for computer monitors. EPA may, at its discretion, conduct tests on products that
are referred to as ENERGY STAR qualified. These products may be obtained on the open
market, or voluntarily supplied by Partner at EPA's request;
comply with current ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines, describing how the ENERGY STAR
name and mark may be used. Partner is responsible for adhering to these guidelines and for
ensuring that its authorized representatives, such as advertising agencies, dealers, and
distributors, are also in compliance;
qualify at least one ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitor model within six months of
activating the computer monitor portion of the agreement. When Partner qualifies the product, it
must meet the specification (e.g., Tier 1 or 2) in effect at that time;
provide clear and consistent labeling of ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors. The
ENERGY STAR label must be clearly displayed on the product packaging, in product literature
(i.e., spec sheets), and on the manufacturer's Internet site where information about ENERGY
STAR qualified models is displayed. In addition, ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors
must be labeled according to one of the following four options: 1) permanent label on the top/front
of the computer monitor; 2) temporary label on the top/front of the computer monitor; 3) use of an
electronic label so that the ENERGY STAR certification mark appears on the computer monitor
screen through software in a manner that ensures only qualified computer monitors are labeled,
such as a desktop folder, on-screen display, boot-up screen, or navigation screen; or 4) the
ENERGY STAR label incorporated into advertising so that the number of impressions that result
are roughly equivalent to the impressions that would have resulted from consumer exposure to the
label on qualified computer monitors. While Partner is expected to fulfill all other commitments
listed under this Partner Commitments section of the Partnership Agreement for Computer
Monitors as of the specification effective date, the labeling requirements are deferred until January
2006;
Note: After considering stakeholder comments, EPA has removed Section 6.D, Fulfillment of
Partner Commitments, from the Eligibility Criteria and inserted the relevant text in the bullet above.
With this change, all Partner Commitments language is maintained in one place or section of the
Partnership Agreement.
The language above allows additional time for partners to implement the labeling requirements.
Partners must display the label on product packaging, in product literature, on their Internet sites,
and on qualifying models according to one of four options (i.e., permanent label, temporary label,
electronic label, or labeling via advertising) by January 2006; this date was specifically selected to
coincide with the Tier 2 effective date and the anticipated adoption of the new ENERGY STAR
label by the European Commission.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3

-------
provide to EPA, on an annual basis, an updated list of ENERGY STAR qualifying computer
monitor models. Once the Partner submits its first list of ENERGY STAR qualified computer
monitor models, the Partner will be listed as an ENERGY STAR Partner. Partner must provide
annual updates in order to remain on the list of participating product manufacturers;
provide to EPA, on an annual basis, unit shipment data or other market indicators to assist in
determining the market penetration of ENERGY STAR. Specifically, Partner must submit the total
number of ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors shipped (in units by model) or an
equivalent measurement as agreed to in advance by EPA and Partner. Partner is also
encouraged to provide ENERGY STAR qualified unit shipment data segmented by meaningful
product characteristics (e.g., capacity, size, speed, or other as relevant), total unit shipments for
each model in its product line, and percent of total unit shipments that qualify as ENERGY STAR.
The data for each calendar year should be submitted to EPA, preferably in electronic format, no
later than the following March and may be provided directly from the Partner or through a third
party. The data will be used by EPA only for program evaluation purposes and will be closely
controlled. If requested under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), EPA will argue that the
data is exempt. Any information used will be masked by EPA so as to protect the confidentiality of
the Partner;
notify EPA of a change in the designated responsible party or contacts for computer monitors
within 30 days.
Performance for Special Distinction
In order to receive additional recognition and/or support from EPA for its efforts within the
Partnership, the ENERGY STAR Partner may consider the following voluntary measures and should keep
EPA informed on the progress of these efforts:
consider energy efficiency improvements in company facilities and pursue the ENERGY STAR
label for buildings;
purchase ENERGY STAR qualified products. Revise the company purchasing or procurement
specifications to include ENERGY STAR. Provide procurement officials' contact information to
EPA for periodic updates and coordination. Circulate general ENERGY STAR qualified product
information to employees for use when purchasing products for their homes;
ensure the power management feature is enabled on all ENERGY STAR qualified computer
monitors in use in company facilities, particularly upon installation and after service is performed;
provide general information about the ENERGY STAR program to employees whose jobs are
relevant to the development, marketing, sales, and service of current ENERGY STAR qualified
product models;
feature the ENERGY STAR mark on Partner Web site and in other promotional materials. If
information concerning ENERGY STAR is provided on the Partner Web site as specified by the
ENERGY STAR Web Linking Policy (this document can be found in the Partner Resources
section on the ENERGY STAR Web site at www.enenavstar.gov). EPA may provide links where
appropriate to the Partner Web site;
provide a simple plan to EPA outlining specific measures Partner plans to undertake beyond the
program requirements listed above. By doing so, EPA may be able to coordinate, communicate,
and/or promote Partner's activities, provide an EPA representative, or include news about the
event in the ENERGY STAR newsletter, on the ENERGY STAR Web pages, etc. The plan may
be as simple as providing a list of planned activities or planned milestones that Partner would like
EPA to be aware of. For example, activities may include: (1) increase the availability of ENERGY
STAR qualified products by converting the entire product line within two years to meet ENERGY
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	3

-------
STAR guidelines; (2) demonstrate the economic and environmental benefits of energy efficiency
through special in-store displays twice a year; (3) provide information to users (via the Web site
and user's manual) about energy-saving features and operating characteristics of ENERGY STAR
qualified products, and (4) build awareness of the ENERGY STAR Partnership and brand identity
by collaborating with EPA on one print advertorial and one live press event;
provide quarterly, written updates to EPA as to the efforts undertaken by Partner to increase
availability of ENERGY STAR qualified products, and to promote awareness of ENERGY STAR
and its message.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3

-------
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
for Computer Monitors
DRAFT 3 Eligibility Criteria (Version 4.0)
Below is the DRAFT 3 product specification (Version 4.0) for ENERGY STAR qualified Computer
Monitors. A product must meet all of the identified criteria if it is to be labeled as ENERGY STAR by its
manufacturer.
1) Definitions: Below is a brief description of a Computer Monitor and other terms as relevant to
ENERGY STAR.
A. Computer Monitor (also referred to as "Monitor"'): A commercially-available, electronic product with
a display screen and its associated electronics encased in a single housing that is capable of
displaying output information from a computer via one or more inputs, such as VGA, DVI, and/or
IEEE 1394. The monitor usually relies upon a cathode-ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display
(LCD), or other display device. This definition is intended primarily to cover standard monitors
designed for use with computers. To qualify, the computer monitor must have a viewable diagonal
screen size greater than 12 inches and must be capable of being powered by a separate AC wall
outlet or a battery unit that is sold with an AC adapter. Computer monitors with a tuner/receiver
may qualify as ENERGY STAR under this specification as long as they are marketed and sold to
consumers as computer monitors (i.e., focusing on computer monitor as the primary function) or
as dual function computer monitors and televisions. However, products with a tuner/receiver and
computer capability that are marketed and sold as televisions are not included in this specification.
Note: In this draft, EPA has clarified the screen size reference to include viewable diagonal size in
inches.
B. On Mode/Active Power: The product is connected to a power source and produces an image. The
power requirement in this mode is typically greater than the power requirement in Sleep and Off
C.	Sleep Mode/Low Power: The reduced power state that the computer monitor enters after receiving
instructions from a computer or via other functions. A blank screen and reduction in power
consumption characterize this mode. The computer monitor returns to On Mode with full
operational capability upon sensing a request from a user/computer (e.g., user moves the mouse
or presses a key on the keyboard).
D.	Off Mode/Standby Power: The lowest power consumption mode which cannot be switched off
(influenced) by the user and that may persist for an indefinite time when a computer monitor is
connected to the main electricity supply and used in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions. For purposes of this specification, off mode is defined as the power state when the
product is connected to a power source, produces no images, and is waiting to be switched to On
Mode by a direct signal from a user/computer (e.g., user pushes power switch).1
E.	Hard Off Mode: A condition where the product is still plugged into the mains, but has been
disconnected from an external power source. This mode is usually engaged by the consumer via
a "hard off switch." While in this mode, a product will not draw any electricity and will usually
measure 0 watts when metered.
1 This definition is consistent with IEC 62301: Household Electrical Appliances - Measurement of Standby Power.
IEC 62301 is still in draft form, as of the writing of this specification. While significant changes to the relevant portions
of the IEC document are not envisioned by its authors, EPA will review the final version, when available, to ensure
that no material changes have been made to the applicable sections of the document.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	5
Modes.

-------
Note: For additional clarity, EPA has 1) removed the sentence regarding IEC 62301 from the Off
Mode/Standby Power definition and incorporated it into Footnote 1 and 2) deleted the term
"operating" from the Hard Off Mode definition.
EPA anticipates that many computer monitors will be designed such that they enter Off Mode
when the user pushes the "soft off' power switch. Monitors operating in this manner are eligible
for the ENERGY STAR, provided that they meet the power requirements. Similarly, a Hard Off
Mode/Switch is not required for ENERGY STAR qualification. EPA added a Hard Off Mode
definition in Draft 2.5 at the request of manufacturers and in order to better differentiate the
various modes.
F. Disconnect: The product has been unplugged from the mains and therefore is disconnected from
all external power sources.
2)	Qualifying Products: In order to qualify as ENERGY STAR, a computer monitor model must meet
the definition in Section 1 .A and the specification requirements provided in Section 3, below. As
explained in Section 1, this specification does not cover products with computer capability that are
marketed and sold as televisions.
3)	Energy-Efficiency Specifications for Qualifying Products: Only those products listed in Section 2
that meet the following criteria may qualify as ENERGY STAR. Effective dates for Tiers 1 and 2 are
provided in Section 6 of this specification.
Widescreen Models: Widescreen (e.g., 16:9, 15:9, etc.) models are eligible to earn the ENERGY
STAR, provided that they meet EPA's energy-efficiency requirements. There are no separate
specifications for widescreen models and as such, they must comply with Sections 3.A and 3.B,
below. For Tier 2, future revisions or clarifications for widescreen models will be evaluated and
considered, when adequate energy consumption data is readily available to EPA.
Note: In this draft, EPA has indicated that 16:9, 15:9, etc. are examples of wide screen formats
and not the only available formats.
Under Tiers 1 and 2 of this specification, widescreen models may qualify as ENERGY STAR if
they meet the energy-efficiency requirements. EPA's data analysis has shown that some
currently-available widescreen models will qualify as ENERGY STAR under the Tier 1
specification, and hence a separate widescreen specification is not required. However, given the
relatively recent introduction of widescreen models and the lack of significant energy consumption
data available for them, EPA did not have the data to properly evaluate widescreen models
relative to the Tier 2 specification. Further evaluation of Tier 2 and widescreens may be needed
at a later date, if widescreen models garner additional market share as forecasted.
A. On Mode/Active Power
1.	Tier 1: To qualify as ENERGY STAR, computer monitor models must not exceed the following
maximum active power consumption equation: Y = 38X + 30. Y is expressed in watts and
rounded up to the nearest whole number and X is the number of megapixels in decimal form
(e.g., 1,920,000 pixels = 1.92 megapixels). For example, the maximum power consumption for
a computer monitor with 1800 x 1440 resolution, or 2,592,000 pixels, would be: 38(2.592) +
30 = 128.49 or 129 watts when rounded up. Under this metric, maximum allowed power
consumption for computer monitors with various standard resolutions is provided below in
Table 1.
2.	Tier 2: To qualify as ENERGY STAR, computer monitor models must not exceed the following
maximum active power consumption equation: If X < 1 megapixel, then Y = 23; if X > 1
megapixel, then Y = 28X. Y is expressed in watts and rounded up to the nearest whole
number and X is the number of megapixels in decimal form (e.g., 1,920,000 pixels = 1.92
megapixels). For example, the maximum power consumption for a computer monitor with
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	6

-------
1024 x 768 resolution (or .78 megapixels) would be Y = 23 watts and for a computer monitor
with 1600 x 1200 resolution would be 28(1.92) = 53.76 or 54 watts when rounded up.
Table 1: Sample Tier 1 On Mode Maximum Power Levels
Resolution
Total Pixels
Maximum Power Use for Tier 1
640x480
307,200
42 watts
800x600
480,000
49 watts
1024x768
786,432
60 watts
1280x768
983,040
68 watts
1280x1024
1,310,720
80 watts
1600x1024
1,638,400
93 watts
1600x1200
1,920,000
103 watts
1920x1200
2,304,000
118 watts
1800x1440
2,592,000
129 watts
2048x1440
2,949,120
143 watts
2048x1536
3,145,728
150 watts
To qualify a computer monitor as ENERGY STAR, it must be tested according to the protocol
outlined in Section 4, Test Methodology.
B. Sleep and Off Modes
1.	Tiers 1 and 2: Maximum power consumption levels for Sleep and Off Modes are provided in
Table 2 below. Computer monitors capable of multiple Sleep Modes (i.e., Sleep and Deep
Sleep) shall meet the Sleep Mode requirement below in all such modes. For example, under
Tier 1, a computer monitor tested at 7 watts in Sleep and 3 watts in Deep Sleep would not
qualify because one of the Sleep Modes exceeds 4 watts.
2.	Sleep Mode Exception: Computer monitors that have the capability to proceed automatically
from On Mode/Active Power to an Off Mode/Standby Power of 2 watts or less in Tier 1 and 1
watt or less in Tier 2 comply with these energy consumption requirements. The computer
monitor's Off Mode/Standby Power must be activated within 30 minutes of user inactivity or as
otherwise defined in future versions of the Computer Agreement (issued after current Version
3.0). Upon resumption of user activity (e.g., user moves the mouse or presses a key on the
keyboard), the computer monitor must return to full operational capability. In other words, a
Sleep Mode is not necessary if the computer monitor can proceed from On Mode/Active
Power to Off Mode/Standby Power and meet the ENERGY STAR requirements in the Off
Mode/Standby Power.
Table 2: Energy-Efficiency Criteria for Sleep and Off Modes (Tiers 1 and 2)

Tier 1
Tier 2
Sleep Mode
< 4 watts
< 2 watts
Off Mode
< 2 watts
< 1 watt
3. Sleep Mode Enabling: Energy savings from the computer monitor's Sleep Mode can only be
achieved if this power-saving mode is enabled. EPA recognizes that enabling and default
times are driven by the computer, and as such, has outlined these requirements in the
Computer Agreement. However, where feasible (e.g., where monitor manufacturer has a
business relationship with specific computer manufacturers or where monitor manufacturer
also sells its own computers or bundled products), monitor manufacturer should ensure that
ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors have their Sleep Modes enabled when shipped
to the customer. Further, the computer shall activate the computer monitor's Sleep Mode
within 30 minutes of user inactivity or as otherwise defined in future versions of the Computer
Agreement (issued after current Version 3.0). If a computer monitor has the capability to
proceed automatically from On Mode/Active Power to Off Mode/Standby Power, then,
consistent with the Sleep Mode requirements, the computer monitor's Off
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	7

-------
Mode/Standby Power must be activated within 30 minutes of user inactivity or as
otherwise defined in future versions of the Computer Agreement (issued after current
Note: Regarding the Draft 3 performance levels, please note the following:
•	For Tier 2, the proposed levels are based on test data submitted to EPA by monitor
manufacturers and represent the top 25% of LCDs in All Modes and the top 38% in On
Mode/Active Power.
•	The proposed Tier 2 levels today represent the top 11.7% of computer monitors in EPA's
expanded data set in All Modes.
•	The changes to Tier 2 reduce the performance level for low resolution/smaller screen size
models without affecting the larger screen sizes.
•	Tier 2 levels accommodate larger screen sizes; sufficient data is not currently available to
evaluate widescreens under Tier 2.
•	Tier 1 levels have not changed and remain consistent with Draft 2.5. The levels
represent the top 17% of CRTs and 69% of LCDs from the data set.
•	Tier 1 levels accommodate larger screen sizes (20 inches and above) and widescreen
models, as suggested by manufacturers.
•	Tier 1 and 2 Sleep and Off Mode levels have not changed and remain consistent with
Drafts 1, 2 and 2.5.
Version 3.0).
4) Test Methodology
Product Testing Set-up. Methodology, and Documentation: EPA utilizes, where possible, existing,
widely-accepted industry practices for measuring product performance and power use under normal or
typical operating conditions. The testing and measurement methods below reference published
specifications from the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Display Metrology Committee
and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and supplement those guidelines where
necessary with methods developed in cooperation with the computer monitor industry.
Manufacturers are required to perform tests and self-certify those product models that meet the
ENERGY STAR guidelines. Families of computer monitor models that are built on the same chassis
and are identical in every respect but housing and color may be qualified through submission of test
data for a single, representative model. Likewise, models that are unchanged or that differ only in
finish from those sold in a previous year may remain qualified without the submission of new test data,
assuming the specification remains unchanged.
The power requirement shall be measured from the outlet or power source to the product under test.
The average true power consumption of the computer monitor shall be measured during the On
Mode/Active Power, the Sleep Mode/Low Power, and the Off Mode/Standby Power. When performing
measurements to self-certify a product model, the product being tested must initially be in the same
condition (e.g., configuration and settings) as when shipped to the customer, unless adjustments need
to be made pursuant to instructions below.
Note: Based on a stakeholder comment, EPA revised the language in the above paragraph to
avoid any specific references to the partner, as the partner may not be conducting the tests.
To ensure a consistent means for measuring the power consumption of electronics products, the
following protocol must be followed, which has three main components:
Product Testing Set-up and Conditions: Outlined below in Sections A through H are the ambient test
conditions and measurement protocols that must be respected when performing power
measurements.
Product Testing Methodology: The actual test steps for measuring power in On Mode/Active Power,
Sleep Mode/Low Power, and Off Mode/Standby Power are provided in Section I, below.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	8

-------
Product Testing Documentation: Documentation requirements for submittal of qualified product data
to EPA are detailed in Section J, below.
This protocol ensures that outside factors do not adversely affect the test results and that the test
results can be consistently reproduced. Manufacturers may elect to use an in-house or independent
laboratory to provide the test results. A sample of test facilities and recommended test equipment will
be provided in the near future on the ENERGY STAR Web site at www.enenavstar.gov.
Product Testing Set-up and Conditions
A. Test Conditions:
General Criteria
Supply Voltage*:
North America:
Europe:
Australia/New
Zealand:
Japan:
115 (± 1 %) Volts AC, 60 Hz (± 1 %)
230 (± 1 %) Volts AC, 50 Hz (± 1 %)
230 (± 1 %) Volts AC, 50 Hz (± 1 %)
100 (± 1 %) Volts AC, 50 Hz (± 1 %)/60 Hz (± 1 %)
Total Harmonic
Distortion (Voltage):
< 2% THD
Ambient Temperature:
21 °C ± 3°C
Relative Humidity:
40 - 60 %
Line Impedance:
< 0.25 ohm
(Reference IEC 62301: Household Electrical Appliances - Measurement of Standby Power, Sections
3.2, 3.3 and VESA Flat Panel Display Measurements (FPDM) Standard 2.0, Section 301-2)
*Supply Voltage: Manufacturers shall test their computer monitors based on the market in which the
models will be sold. Manufacturers must ensure that qualifying products marketed and sold in any
region as ENERGY STAR do not exceed the power levels declared on the Qualifying Product
Information (QPI) form (and stored in the ENERGY STAR database) at the standard mains voltage
and frequency conditions of that region. For equipment that is sold in multiple international markets
and therefore rated at multiple input voltages, the manufacturer must test at and report all relevant
voltages and power consumption levels if it intends to register the product as ENERGY STAR in the
respective markets. For example, a manufacturer that is shipping the same computer monitor model
to the United States and Europe must measure and report the On, Sleep, and Off power consumption
at both 115 Volts/60 Hz and 230 Volts/50 Hz.
Note: Based on feedback from international stakeholders, EPA has added language in Section
4. A requiring manufacturers to submit test values at local voltage/frequency conditions. While
EPA considered limiting testing to 115 volts at 60 Hz, various concerns were raised about the
potential variations in tested values across markets. Subsequent discussions with the Information
Technology Industry Council (ITI) and other individual manufacturers indicated that testing at
market-specific voltage and frequency values would be acceptable.
Finally, EPA has made three additional changes in response to stakeholder feedback:
•	The ambient temperature range has been reduced from 15-25°C to 18-24°C;
•	A relative humidity test range has been added; and
•	To help ensure consistent power measurements, line impedance (less than 0.25 ohm)
has been incorporated into the test conditions.
B. Dark Room Conditions: When performing light measurements, the computer monitor shall be
located in a dark room condition. The computer monitor screen illuminance measurement (E),
when in Off Mode/Standby Power, must be 1.0 Lux or less. Measurements should be made at a
point perpendicular to the center of the screen using a Light Measuring Device (LMD) with the
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	9

-------
computer monitor in Off Mode/Standby Power (Reference VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, Section
301-2F).
Note: For clarity in Section 4.B, EPA has used the term "Off Mode/Standby Power" instead of
"when the screen is switched off'or "with the power to the computer monitor off."
C.	Color Controls and Peripherals: All color controls (hue, saturation, gamma, etc.) shall be placed at
their factory default settings. No external devices shall be connected to any included Universal
Serial Bus (USB) hubs or ports. Any built-in speakers, TV tuners, etc. may be placed in their
minimum power configuration, as adjustable by the user, to minimize power use not associated
with the display itself. Circuit removal or other actions not under user control may not be taken to
minimize power use.
D.	Power Measurement Test Conditions: CRT pixel format shall be set at the preferred pixel format
with the highest resolution that is intended to be driven at a 75 Hz refresh rate. A VESA Discrete
Monitor Timing (DMT) or newer industry standard pixel format timing must be used for the test.
The CRT monitor must be capable of meeting all its manufacturer-stated quality specifications in
the tested format. For LCDs and other fixed pixel technologies, pixel format shall be set to the
native level. LCD refresh rate shall be set to 60 Hz, unless a different refresh rate is specifically
recommended by the manufacturer, in which case that rate shall be used.
E.	Power Measurement Protocols: Computer monitor power consumption shall be measured in watts
with an imposed test pattern. Warm-uptime shall be a minimum of a 20-minute period (Reference
VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, Section 301-2D or 305-3 for warm-up test). A true RMS power meter
with a crest factor of at least five shall be used to measure the power use of each randomly
chosen unit at one or more, as appropriate, of the voltage/frequency combinations provided in
Section 4.A (Reference VESA Standard: Display Specifications and Measurement Procedures,
Version 1.0, Revision 1.0, Section 8.1.3). Measurements shall be taken after wattage values are
stable over a three-minute period. Measurements are considered stable if the wattage reading
does not vary more than 1% over the three-minute period (Reference IEC 4.3.1). (Manufacturers
shall ignore the input sync signal check cycle when metering the model in Sleep Mode/Low Power
and Off Mode/Standby Power.) Manufacturers shall use calibrated measuring equipment capable
of measurements accurate to one-tenth of a watt or better.
Borrowing from European Norm 50301 (Reference BSI 03-2001, BS EN 50301:2001, Methods of
Measurement for the Power Consumption of Audio, Video, and Related Equipment, Annex A),
EPA has established a test procedure where the number of units required for test depends on the
test results for the first unit. For the purposes of ENERGY STAR, if a tested computer monitor
uses at least 15% less power (i.e., greater than or equal to 15%) than the ENERGY STAR
specification in all three operating modes (On Mode/Active Power, Sleep Mode/Low Power, and
Off Mode/Standby Power), then it only has to be tested once. However, if a tested computer
monitor is within 15% (i.e., less than 15%) of the ENERGY STAR specification in any of the three
operating modes, then two more units have to be tested. None of the test values may exceed the
ENERGY STAR specification for the model to qualify as ENERGY STAR. All of the test results as
well as the average values (based on the three or more data points) must be reported on an
ENERGY STAR QPI form.
Note: Two minor changes have been made to Section 4.E. In the first paragraph, any mention of
specific voltage/frequency combinations has been removed and replaced with a reference to
Section 4. A. In the second paragraph, the text has been corrected to reflect power
measurements as opposed to efficiency measurements.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	10

-------
The following example further illustrates this approach:
EXAMPLE: For simplicity, assume the specification is 100 watts or less and only applies to
one operational mode. 85 watts would represent the 15% threshold...
•	If the first unit is measured at 80 watts, no more testing is needed and the model
qualifies (80 watts is at least 15% more efficient than the specification and is "outside" the
15% threshold).
•	If the first unit is measured at 85 watts, no more testing is needed and the model
qualifies (85 watts is exactly 15% more efficient than the specification).
•	If the first unit is measured at 90 watts, then two more units must be tested to
determine qualification (90 watts is only 10% more efficient than the specification and is
"within" the 15% threshold).
•	If three units are tested at 90, 98, and 105 watts, the model does not qualify as
ENERGY STAR—even though the average is 98 watts— because one of the values
(105) exceeds the ENERGY STAR specification.
F. Luminance Test Patterns and Procedures: For CRT monitors, the technician shall initiate the
AT01P (Alignment Target 01 Positive Mode) pattern (VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, A112-2F,
AT01P) for screen size and use it to set the computer monitor to the manufacturer's
recommended image size, which is typically slightly smaller than maximum viewable screen size.
Then, test pattern (VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, A112-2F, SET01K) shall be displayed that provides
eight shades of gray from full black (0 volts) to full white (0.7 volts).2 Input signal levels shall
conform to VESA Video Signal Standard (VSIS), Version 1.0, Rev. 2.0, December 2002. The
technician shall adjust (where feasible) the computer monitor brightness control downward from its
maximum until the lowest black bar luminance level is just slightly visible (VESA FPDM Standard
2.0, Section 301-3K). The technician shall then display a test pattern (VESA FPDM Standard 2.0,
A112-2H, L80) that provides a full white (0.7 volts) box that occupies 80% of the image. The
technician shall then adjust the contrast control until the white area of the screen provides at least
100 candelas per square meter of luminance, measured according to VESA FPDM Standard 2.0,
Section 302-1.
For all Fixed Pixel displays (e.g., LCDs and others), test pattern (VESA FPDM Standard 2.0,
A112-2F, SET01K) shall be displayed that provides eight shades of gray from full black (0 volts) to
full white (0.7 volts).2 Input signal levels shall conform to VESA Video Signal Standard (VSIS),
Version 1.0, Rev. 2.0, December 2002. With the brightness and contrast controls at maximum, the
technician shall check that, at a minimum, the white and near white gray levels can be
distinguished. If white and near white gray levels cannot be distinguished, then contrast shall be
adjusted until they can be distinguished. The technician shall next display a test pattern (VESA
FPDM Standard 2.0, A112-2H, L80) that provides a full white (0.7 volts) box that occupies 80% of
the image. The technician shall then adjust the brightness control until the white area of the
screen provides at least 175 candelas per square meter of luminance, measured according to
VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, Section 302-1. [If computer monitor's maximum luminance is less than
175 candelas per square meter (e.g., 150), then technician shall use the maximum luminance
(e.g., 150) and report the value to EPA with other required testing documentation. Similarly, if the
computer monitor's minimum luminance is greater than 175 candelas per square meter (e.g.,
2 Corresponding voltage values for digital only interface monitors that correspond to the brightness of the image (0 to
0.7 volts) are:
0 volts (black) = a setting of 0
0.1 volts (darkest shade of gray analog) = 36 digital gray
0.7 volts (full white analog) = 255 digital gray
Please note that future digital interface specifications may widen this range, but in all cases, 0 volts shall correspond
to black and the maximum value shall correspond to white, with 0.1 volts corresponding to one-seventh of the
maximum value.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	11

-------
200), then technician shall use the minimum luminance (e.g., 200) and report the value to EPA.]
Note: High-resolution test patterns are available through VESA. However, because the test
pattern files are very large for resolutions over 1600 x 1200, VESA is currently not able to upload
them to www. vesa. org/public/Fpdm2/Test%20Patterns/ for download by the public. For high-
resolution test patterns on a CD-ROM, please contact Bill Lempesis, Executive Director, at (408)
957-9270 or bill@vesa.org.
G.	Light Measurement Protocols: When light measurements, such as illuminance and luminance,
need to be made, a LMD shall be used with the computer monitor located in dark room conditions.
The LMD shall be used to make measurements at the center of, and perpendicular to the
computer monitor screen (Reference VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, Appendix A115). The screen
surface area to be measured shall cover at least 500 pixels, unless this exceeds the equivalent of
a rectangular area with sides of lengths equal to 10% of the visible screen height and width (in
which case this latter limit applies). However, in no case may the illuminated area be smaller than
the area the LMD is measuring (Reference VESA FPDM Standard 2.0, Section 301-2H).
H.	Display Set-up and Characterization: The computer monitor test sample characteristics shall be
recorded prior to the test. The following information shall be recorded at a minimum:
Product Description/Category (e.g., 17-inch computer monitor
with white housing)		
Display Technology (e.g., CRT, LCD, Plasma)	
Brand Name/Manufacturer	
Model Number	
Serial Number	
Rated Voltage (VAC) and Frequency (Hz)	
Viewable Diagonal Size (inches)	
Aspect Ratio (e.g., 4:3)	
Recommended Image Size (actual size tested) Width X Height
Viewing Angle (horizontal and vertical degrees)	
Screen Refresh Rate (during test) (Hz)	
Number of Pixels as Tested (horizontal)	
Number of Pixels as Tested (vertical)	
Maximum Claimed Resolution (horizontal)	
Maximum Claimed Resolution (vertical)	
Analog, Digital, or Both Interfaces	
Instrumentation Information (e.g., type of signal generator)	
Product Testing Methodology
I. Test Method: Following are the test steps for measuring the true power requirements of the test
unit in On Mode/Active Power, Sleep Mode/Low Power, and Off Mode/Standby Power.
Manufacturers are required to test their computer monitors using the analog interface, except in
those cases where one is not provided (i.e., digital interface monitors, which are defined as only
having a digital interface for purposes of this test method). For digital interface monitors, please
see Footnote 2 on page 11 for voltage information and then follow the test method below using a
digital signal generator.
On Mode/Active Power
1.	Connect the test sample to the outlet or power source and test equipment. For computer
monitors shipped with an external power supply, the external power supply (as opposed to a
reference power supply) must be used in the test.
2.	Power on all test equipment and properly adjust power source voltage and frequency.
3.	Check for normal operation of the test unit and leave all customer adjustments set to factory
default settings.
4.	Bring the test unit into On Mode/Active Power either by using the remote control device or by
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	12

-------
using the ON/OFF switch on the test unit cabinet. Allow the unit under test to reach operating
temperature (approximately 20 minutes).
5.	Set the proper display mode. Refer to Section D, Power Measurement Test Conditions.
6.	Provide dark room conditions. See Sections G, Light Measurement Protocols, and B, Dark
Room Conditions.
7.	Set size and luminance. Refer to Section F, Luminance Test Patterns and Procedures for
CRT or Fixed Pixel displays. Once luminance is set, dark room conditions are no longer
needed.
8.	Either verify that the wall outlet power is within specifications or adjust the AC power source
output as described in Section A (115V ± 1%, 60Hz ± 1%).
9.	Set the power meter current range. The full-scale value selected multiplied by the crest factor
rating (Ipeak/lrms) of the meter must be greater than the peak current reading from the
oscilloscope.
10.	Allow the readings on the power meter to stabilize and then take the true power reading in
watts from the power meter. Measurements are considered stable if the wattage reading does
not vary more than 1% over the three-minute period. See Section E, Power Measurement
Protocols.
11.	Power consumption shall be recorded, as well as total pixel format (horizontal x vertical pixels
displayed), to calculate pixels/watt.
12.	Record the test conditions and test data.
Sleep Mode/Low Power (Power Switch On, No Video Signal)
1.	At the conclusion of the On Mode/Active Power test, initiate the computer monitor's Sleep
Mode/Low Power. The method of adjustment shall be documented along with the sequence of
events required to reach the Sleep Mode/Low Power. Power on all test equipment and
properly adjust operation range.
2.	Allow the computer monitor to remain in Sleep Mode/Low Power until stable power readings
are measured. Measurements are considered stable if the wattage reading does not vary
more than 1% over the three-minute period. Manufacturers shall ignore the input sync signal
check cycle when metering the model in Sleep Mode/Low Power.
3.	Record the test conditions and test data. The measurement time shall be sufficiently long to
measure the correct average value (i.e., not peak or instantaneous power). If the device has
different Sleep Modes that can be manually selected, the measurement should be taken with
the device in the most energy consumptive of those modes. If the modes are cycled through
automatically, the measurement time should be long enough to obtain a true average that
includes all modes.
Off Mode/Standby Power (Power Switch Off)
1.	At the conclusion of the Sleep Mode/Low Power test, initiate the computer monitor's Off
Mode/Standby Power. If only one power switch is provided (i.e., a soft off or a hard off), press
that switch; if two power switches are provided (i.e., a soft off AND a hard off), press the soft
off switch. The method of adjustment shall be documented along with the sequence of events
required to reach the Off Mode/Standby Power. Power on all test equipment and properly
adjust operation range.
2.	Allow the computer monitor to remain in Off Mode/Standby Power until stable power readings
are measured. Measurements are considered stable if the wattage reading does not vary
more than 1% over the three-minute period. Manufacturers shall ignore the input sync signal
check cycle when metering the model in Off Mode/Standby Power.
3.	Record the test conditions and test data. The measurement time shall be sufficiently long to
measure the correct average value (i.e., not peak or instantaneous power).
Note: Manufacturers may meet the Off Mode/Standby Power requirements by employing a soft off
or a hard off power switch on their computer monitors. A hard off switch is not required for
ENERGY STAR qualification. Computer monitors with both a hard off and a soft off switch must
be tested after pressing the soft off switch to determine ENERGY STAR qualification.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3
13

-------
Product Testing Documentation
J. Submittal of Qualified Product Data to EPA: Partners are required to self-certify those product
models that meet the ENERGY STAR guidelines and report information to EPA on a QPI form.
ENERGY STAR qualifying product lists, including information about new as well as discontinued
models, must be provided on an annual basis, or more frequently if desired by the manufacturer.
5)	User Interface: Manufacturers are strongly recommended to design products in accordance with the
user interface standards being developed by the Power Management Controls project to make power
controls more consistent and intuitive across all electronic devices. For details on this project, see
http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls.
6)	Effective Date: The date that manufacturers may begin to qualify products as ENERGY STAR, under
the Version 4.0 specification, will be defined as the effective date of the agreement. Any previously
executed agreement on the subject of ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors shall be
terminated effective December 31, 2004.
A.	Qualifying Products Under Tier 1 of the Version 4.0 Specification: Tier 1 of the Version 4.0
specification shall commence on January 1, 2005. All products, including models originally
qualified under Version 3.0, with a date of manufacture on or after January 1, 2005, must meet
the new (Version 4.0) requirements in order to qualify for ENERGY STAR (including additional
shipments of models originally qualified under Version 3.0). The date of manufacture is specific
to each unit and is the date (e.g., month and year) of which a unit is considered to be completely
assembled.
B.	Qualifying and Labeling Products Under Tier 2 of the Version 4.0 Specification: The second phase
of this specification, Tier 2, shall commence on January 1, 2006. Specifications for Tier 2 shall
apply to products with a date of manufacture on or after January 1, 2006. For example, a unit with
a date of manufacture of January 1, 2006 must meet the Tier 2 specification in order to qualify as
ENERGY STAR.
C.	Elimination of Grandfathering: EPA will not allow grandfathering under this Version 4.0 ENERGY
STAR specification. ENERGY STAR qualification under Version 3.0 is not automatically
granted for the life of the product model. Therefore, any product sold, marketed, or identified
by the manufacturing partner as ENERGY STAR must meet the current specification in effect at
the time of manufacture of the product.
7)	Future Specification Revisions: EPA reserves the right to change the specification should
technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment.
In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through stakeholder
discussions.
EPA will periodically assess the market in terms of energy efficiency and new technologies. As
always, stakeholders will have an opportunity to share their data, submit proposals, and voice any
concerns. EPA will strive to ensure that the Tier 1 and 2 specifications recognize the most energy-
efficient models in the marketplace and reward those manufacturers who have made efforts to further
improve energy efficiency.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Computer Monitors (Version 4.0) - DRAFT 3	14

-------