#• A \
! 32 *
PR
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act Site Visit of
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements Project,
City of Nappanee, Indiana
Report No. 12-R-0789
September 12, 2012
Scan this mobile code
to learn more about
the EPA OIG.

-------
Report Contributors:
Jean Bloom
Shannon Schofield
John P. Flynn
John Burns
Abbreviations
CFR	Code of Federal Regulations
EPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
IFA	Indiana Finance Authority
OIG	Office of Inspector General
Cover photo: Digester building and drying shed at Nappanee, Indiana,
Wastewater Treatment Improvements Plant. (EPA OIG photo)
Hotline
To report fraud, waste, or abuse, contact us through one of the following methods:
e-mail:	OIG Hotline@epa.gov	write: EPA Inspector General Hotline
phone:	1-888-546-8740	1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
fax:	202-566-2599	Mailcode 2431T
online:	http://www.epa.gov/oiq/hotline.htm	Washington. DC 20460

-------
S74^v
*. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	12-r-0789

|	\ Office of Inspector General	September 12, 2012
s
"V—'—J"
s v\|/v S
At a Glance
Why We Did This Review
The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of
Inspector General, conducts
site visits of American
Recovery and Reinvestment
Act of 2009 (Recovery Act)
clean water and drinking water
projects. The purpose of our
visit was to address a hotline
complaint involving compliance
with the Recovery Act's Buy
American requirements. The
city received a $4,875,000 loan
from the Indiana Finance
Authority (IFA) under the
Indiana Wastewater State
Revolving Fund Loan Program.
The loan included $1,769,000
in Recovery Act funds. The city
used these funds to rehabilitate
and improve its wastewater
treatment plant.
This report addresses the
following EPA Goal or
Cross-Cutting Strategy:
• Protecting America's waters
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Site Visit
of Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project,
City of Nappanee, Indiana
For further information, contact
our Office of Congressional and
Public Affairs at (202) 566-2391.
The full report is at:
www.epa.qov/oiq/reports/2012/
20120912-12-R-0789.pdf
What We Found
In September 2010 and May 2011, we visited the Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements Project in the City of Nappanee, Indiana. As part of our site visit,
we toured the project, visually inspected equipment and materials, interviewed
IFA and city officials and their employees, reviewed manufacturers' substantial
transformation supporting documentation, and reviewed documentation related to
Buy American requirements.
We noted in our draft report 7 of 32 instances where the city could not
demonstrate compliance with Buy American requirements as set out in Section
1605 of the Recovery Act. In response, the city provided documentation and
agreed to take corrective actions to replace two items with products that meet the
Buy American requirements. We agree that six of the seven items now comply
with the requirements. For the one remaining item, the city could not demonstrate
that it was manufactured in the United States, as required by the Recovery Act.
As a result, the project is not eligible for the $1,769,000 of Recovery Act funds
authorized by the state unless the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
exercises a regulatory option.
Recommendations and Planned Agency Corrective Actions
We recommend that Region 5 employ the procedures set out in Title 2 of the
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) to ensure compliance with the Buy American
requirements. If the region decides to retain the foreign manufactured goods in
the Nappanee project under 2 CFR §176.130 (c)(3), the region should either
"reduce the amount of the award by the cost of the steel, iron, or manufactured
goods that are used in the project or... take enforcement or termination action in
accordance with the agency's grants management regulations." We also
recommend that the region require IFA to verify the city's corrective actions taken
and ensure the replaced items meet the Buy American requirements.
Neither the region nor the city agreed with our conclusion that the documentation
was not sufficient to support Buy American compliance. The Agency agreed with
our recommendation to verify the city's corrective actions, and indicated the
Agency visited the project and verified the agreed-to removal and replacement of
items.

-------
* £% '
< rJK-7 5	UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
| Wl/V ®	WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
September 12, 2012
MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Site Visit of
Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project,
City of Nappanee, Indiana
Report No. 12-R-0789
FROM: Arthur A. Elkins, Jr. /^
TO:	Susan Hedman
Regional Administrator, Region 5
This is our report on the subject site visit conducted by the Office of Inspector General of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This report contains findings that describe the
problems the OIG has identified and corrective actions the OIG recommends. This report
represents the opinion of the OIG and does not necessarily represent the final EPA position.
Final determinations on matters in this report will be made by EPA managers in accordance with
established audit resolution procedures.
We performed this site visit as part of our responsibility under the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act). The purpose of our site visit was to determine the
city's compliance with Buy American requirements under Section 1605 of the Recovery Act
pertaining to the Clean Water State Revolving Fund program. The Indiana Finance Authority
approved the city's project. The city received a $4,875,000 loan, including $1,769,000 in
Recovery Act funds.
Action Required
In accordance with EPA Manual 2750, Chapter 3, you are required to provide us your proposed
management decision for resolution of the findings contained in this reported before any formal
resolution can be completed with the recipient. Your proposed decision is due in 120 days, or on
January 10, 2013. To expedite the resolution process, please e-mail an electronic version of your
proposed management decision to adachi.robert@epa.gov.

-------
Your response will be posted on the OIG's public website, along with our memorandum
commenting on your response. Your response should be provided as an Adobe PDF file that
complies with the accessibility requirements of Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as
amended. The final response should not contain data that you do not want to be released to the
public; if your response contains such data, you should identify the data for redaction or removal.
We have no objection to the further release of this report to the public. This report will be
available at http://www.epa.gov/oig.
If you or your staff have any questions regarding this report, please contact Melissa Heist,
Assistant Inspector General for Audit, at (202) 566-0899 or heist.melissa@epa.gov; or Robert
Adachi, Product Line Director, at (415) 947-4537 or adachi.robert@epa.gov

-------
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act	12-R-0789
Site Visit of Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements Project, City of Nappanee, Indiana
		Table of C	
Purpose		1
Background		1
Scope and Methodology		1
Results of Site Visit		2
Recommendation		5
City, Region 5, and State Responses		5
OIG Comment		6
Status of Recommendations and Potential Monetary Benefits		8
Appendices
A City of Nappanee Response to Draft Report and OIG Evaluation	 9
B Indiana Finance Authority Response to Draft Report and
OIG Evaluation	 22
C Distribution	 33

-------
Purpose
The purpose of the site visit was to determine whether the City of Nappanee,
Indiana, complied with Buy American requirements under Section 1605 of the
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act), Public Law
111-5, pertaining to the Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project jointly
funded by the Recovery Act and the Indiana Wastewater State Revolving Fund
Loan Program. We selected the project for review based upon a hotline complaint.
Background
In July 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) awarded over
$94 million of Recovery Act funds to the State of Indiana to capitalize its
revolving loan fund, which provides financing for construction of wastewater
treatment facilities and other authorized uses. In addition to the regulatory
requirements at Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Chapter 1,
Subchapter B, the assistance award was subject to Grants and Agreements; Award
Terms for Assistance Agreements That Include Funds Under The American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Public Law 111-5,2 CFR Part 176
(2010).
On September 4, 2009, the city received a $4,875,000 loan from the Indiana
Finance Authority (IF A), under the Indiana Wastewater State Revolving Loan
Fund Program, to upgrade the city's wastewater treatment plant. The loan
included principal forgiveness of $1,769,000 in Recovery Act funds. The city
used these funds to rehabilitate and improve its wastewater treatment plant.
Scope and Methodology
Due to the time-critical nature of Recovery Act requirements, we did not perform
this assignment in accordance with generally accepted government auditing
standards. Specifically, we did not perform certain steps that would allow us to
obtain information to assess the city's internal controls and any previously
reported audit concerns. As a result, we do not express an opinion on the
adequacy of the city's internal controls or compliance with all federal, state, or
local requirements.
We made a site visit on September 29, 2010. On May 16, 2011, we visited the city
to perform additional work related to Buy American compliance. During our
visits, we:
1.	Toured the proj ect
2.	Visually inspected equipment and materials on site
3.	Interviewed IF A and city officials, and their employees
12-R-0789
1

-------
4. Reviewed manufacturers' substantial transformation documentation and
other documentation to support compliance with Buy American
requirements under Section 1605 of the Recovery Act
Results of Site Visit
The city could not demonstrate that all manufactured goods used on the project
met the Buy American requirements set out in Section 1605 of the Recovery Act.
Unless the city can comply with Buy American requirements or EPA exercises a
regulatory option, the city's project to rehabilitate its wastewater treatment plant
is not eligible for $1,769,000 of Recovery Act funds authorized by the state.
In our draft report, we noted 7 of 32 instances where the city could not show
compliance with Buy American requirements. In response, the city provided
additional documentation and replaced two items to support compliance. We
changed our position for six of the seven items after analyzing the additional
document and verifying the replacement of the two items. We agreed the six items
now comply with the Buy American requirements. For the remaining item—a
Kaeser positive displacement blower—no additional information was provided to
support that it was manufactured in the United States.
The federal grant to capitalize Indiana's revolving loan fund with Recovery Act
funds requires that all projects use manufactured goods produced in the United
States, unless certain exceptions apply as provided for in 2 CFR §176.60. The
state included the Buy American requirements in the loan agreement with
Nappanee.
Section 1605 of the Recovery Act prohibits the use of Recovery Act funds for a
project unless all of the iron, steel, and manufactured goods used in the project are
produced in the United States. This regulation requires that this prohibition be
consistent with U.S. obligations under international agreements, and provides for
a waiver under three circumstances: (1) iron, steel, or relevant manufactured
goods are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available
quantities and of a satisfactory quality; (2) inclusion of iron, steel, or
manufactured goods produced in the United States would increase the overall
project costs by more than 25 percent; or (3) applying the domestic preference
would be inconsistent with public interest.
Title 2 CFR §176.140 (a)(1) defines a manufactured good as a good brought to
the construction site for incorporation that has been processed into a specific form
and shape or combined with raw materials to create a material that has different
properties than the properties of the individual raw materials. There is no
12-R-0789
2

-------
requirement with regard to the origin of components in manufactured goods, as
long as the manufacture of the goods occurs in the United States.1
There are three substantial transformation questions listed in EPA's guidance
document." Affirmative answers to the questions alone are insufficient to support
substantial transformation. Documentation is needed to provide a level of
specificity and detail for all relevant facts used by the manufacturer to support a
claim of substantial transformation, including the manufacturing location and the
manufacturing processes for the specific product and/or model number being
incorporated into the project. Further, design, planning, procurement, or
component production—steps prior to the process of physically working on or
bringing together the components of the item incorporated into the project—
cannot be considered as constituting or contributing to substantial transformation.
Regarding the seventh item of concern, we noted 11 Kaeser positive displacement
blowers that were labeled "Made in Germany." Initially, Kaeser Compressors,
Inc., provided a one-page letter claiming their equipment met the Recovery Act
requirements. The Kaeser letter claims the company is able to comply with
Recovery Act funding requirements "based on using assembly procedures in the
United States as directed by the OMB (Office of Management and Budget) in
their May, 2009 ruling.'
Our
research did not locate the May
2009 ruling as referred to in
Kaeser's letter.
As a result of a subsequent site
visit, the city provided
documentation from Kaeser
Compressors, Inc., dated
October 29, 2010, to support
substantial transformation. The
letter stated that for Recovery
Act-funded projects, Kaeser
Compressors, Inc., purchases
a base chassis of proprietarily
designed components from the
parent company, Kaeser
Kompressoren, GmbH, located in Germany. The letter further stated that the
chassis consisted of components such as the blower block, silencer base, and
enclosure. The items added domestically included the electric motor, pulleys,
belts, relief valves, and expansion joints. The letter described the building process
as mounting and aligning the motor and v-belt pulley drive, adjusting and
installing the pressure relief valve(s), and assembling and installing of check
l!M=LH =M

Fredericksburg, VA 224041
Tel. (540) 898-5500 i
FAX (540) 898-5520
COMPRESSORS

Mortal BE SS C

Part No.
bbc.icI J
Y«sr 2010

Serial No.
1314/1
Otlfvsrv 219 cfm

Voltage
460/j
PrtMure (gage pr.) 2!>.9 psia

Phase 3
HP 15/1

Motor Hi/RPM
60/3600/||
Reted »l"wer Speed 4.860 rpm
Motor FLA
"lit
to ejulpment'number 3764595 MADE IN GERMANY/B
Kaeser blower label, indicating product was made in
Germany. (EPA OIG photo)
1	Title 2 CFR §176.70(a)(2)(ii).
2	See Determining Whether "Substantial Transformation " of Components Into a "Manufactured Good" Has
Occurred in the U.S.: Analysis, Roles, and Responsibilitiesj dated October 22, 2009.
12-R-0789
3

-------
valves, fan motors, gauges, and switches. Depending on the size and complexity
of the specification, additional wiring and setting of ancillary devices may be
required. Each unit requires 16 to 20 hours to build. The assembly procedures,
combined with the U.S.-sourced items, account for 35 to 50 percent of the
package's total value.
As previously noted, 2 CFR § 176.140
defines a manufactured good as a good that
has been processed into a different form and
shape, or combined with other raw materials
to create a material that has different
properti es than the properties of the
individual raw materials. Further, 2 CFR
§ 176.70 states the manufacturing of such
goods must occur in the United States.
The October 29 letter does not provide a
meaningful and specific technical description
of the processes in the United States that
would enable us to determine whether the
£ EB2WC
displacement blowers were manufactured in
the United States. The letter does not explain
,,-oa	how the addition of the drive system (motor,
Kaeser blowers. (EPA OIG photo)	- \
pulley, and belts) changed the properties of
the blower chassis manufactured in Germany
and imported into the United States, as required by the regulations. Product
literature and physical inspection of the equipment at the construction site showed
that the chassis manufactured in Germany was essentially a blower without a
drive system. The supporting documentation mentioned labor processes and
efforts in general, but did not explain how this information relates to changing the
properties of the imported blower chassis. The documentation also referred to
planning, designing, sourcing, fabricating, building techniques, and testing
completed in the United States. EPA guidance, "Determining Substantial
Transformation," states that design, planning, procurement, component
production, or any other step prior to the process of physically working on or
bringing together the components of the item incorporated into the project cannot
constitute or be part of the manufacturing process. In addition, the letter does not
specifically address the assembly of the blowers incorporated into the Nappanee
project. Without additional documentation, there is no evidence to support that the
properties of the 11 positive displacement blowers used in the Nappanee project
were different from the properties of the blower chassis imported from Germany,
as required by 2 CFR § 176.140.
12-R-0789
4

-------
Recommendation
We recommend that the Regional Administrator, Region 5:
1.	Employ the procedures set out in 2 CFR §176.130 to ensure compliance
with Buy American requirements. In the event that the region makes a
determination to retain foreign manufactured goods in the Nappanee
project under 2 CFR § 176.130(c)(3), the region should either "reduce the
amount of the award by the cost of the steel, iron, or manufactured goods
that are used in the project... or take enforcement or termination action in
accordance with the agency's grants management regulations."
2.	Require the Indiana Finance Authority to verify the City of Nappanee's
corrective actions and ensure that replaced items meet the Buy American
requirements.
City, Region 5, and State Responses
The Office of Inspector General (OIG) received written comments on the draft
report from the City of Nappanee and IFA. The City of Nappanee also provided
supplemental documentation to support its comments. Region 5 provided verbal
comments during an October 18, 2011, briefing.
The city disagreed with our conclusion that the documentation for several items
did not support compliance with Buy American requirements. However, the city
has taken action to replace two items with Buy American-compliant components.
The city stated that the three guidance documents cited in the report as aids in
determination of substantial transformation were not available at the time the city
bid the project, and the piecemeal guidance issued by the Agency after the
bidding and awarding of the construction project created an inopportune
environment in which obtaining comprehensive documentation from
manufacturers was very difficult and time intensive. The city also acknowledged
Section 1605 of the Recovery Act was in place at the time the project was bid, but
practical examples were not available to assist in determining the adequacy of
manufacturer documentation. The full text of the city's comments and the OIG's
detailed response are included in appendix A.
IFA disagreed with our conclusion that several items did not support Buy
American compliance, and noted the city's action to provide additional
documentation to demonstrate compliance for five items and the replacement of
two products with Buy American compliant products. IFA believes the city's
action should demonstrate the city's compliance. The full text of IFA's comments
and the OIG's detailed response are included in appendix B.
12-R-0789
5

-------
The Agency provided verbal comments to our draft report during a meeting on
October 18, 2011. The Agency disagrees with our position on the Kaeser positive
displacement blower. The Agency agreed follow-up action would be necessary to
ensure the city's replaced items met the Buy American requirements. On
December 22, 2011, representatives from Region 5 and IF A made a visit to the
project and verified that two items were replaced. Regarding the remaining four
items, the Agency believes the city has provided sufficient documentation to
assure compliance with the Buy American requirements.
OIG Comment
Our original recommendation remains unchanged and a second recommendation
has been added to address the city's action plan to replace two items. We
modified our report based on the additional Buy American documentation
provided, and the corrective actions taken by the city to support compliance with
the Buy American requirements.
We evaluated the additional documentation provided and verified the corrective
actions taken by the city and agreed six of the seven items that had been identified
in the draft report comply with the Buy American requirement. For four items, the
city provided additional documentation to support compliance with the Buy
American requirements, and based on our review of the information we now
agree that the four items comply with the requirements. The city replaced two
items to meet the Buy American requirements. The removal of these items made
$22,198 of Recovery Act funds available for other Recovery Act purposes.
Region 5 verified the replaced items on December 22, 2011. We reviewed
supporting documentation provided by Region 5 and agree with the actions taken
by the city and the region to ensure compliance with the Buy American
requirements.
We disagree with the city, IF A, and Region 5 that the Kaeser positive
displacement blowers comply with Buy American requirements. The supporting
documentation provided for the Kaeser blower is not sufficient to support Buy
American compliance. Specifically, it does not provide a meaningful and specific
technical description of the processes in the United States that would enable us to
determine whether the displacement blowers were manufactured in the United
States.
Region 5 stated that EPA Office of Water staff engineers provided "anticipatory"
oversight to address the issue of substantial transformation to determine whether
the products were actually manufactured in the United States. Office of Water
staff engineers opined that substantial transformation is occurring at Kaeser's
Fredericksburg, Virginia, facility and that the products are therefore made in the
United States. An Office of Water e-mail message to Kaeser, dated November 1,
2010, documents this opinion. During our review, we discussed the November 1,
2010, e-mail with Office of Water staff. EPA's Buy American Q&A Part 2 states,
12-R-0789
6

-------
"Substantial transformation determinations are made by assistance recipients . . .
EPA does not and will not make determinations as to substantial transformations
. . . EPA's role under §1605 is to review waiver requests. . . Office of Water
staff providing an opinion on substantial transformation to Kaeser is inconsistent
with EPA's guidance and its role under Section 1605 of the Recovery Act.
12-R-0789
7

-------
Status of Recommendations and
Potential Monetary Benefits
RECOMMENDATIONS
POTENTIAL MONETARY
BENEFITS (In $000s)
Rec.
No.
Page
No.
Subject
Status1
Action Official
Planned
Completion
Date
Claimed
Amount
Ag reed-To
Amount
Employ the procedures set out in 2 CFR §176.130
to ensure compliance with Buy American
requirements. In the event that the region makes a
determination to retain foreign manufactured goods
in the Nappanee project under
2 CFR § 176.130(c)(3), the region should either
"reduce the amount of the award by the cost of the
steel, iron, or manufactured goods that are used in
the project... or take enforcement or termination
action in accordance with the agency's grants
management regulations."
Require the Indiana Finance Authority to verify the
City of Nappanee's corrective actions and ensure
that replaced items meet the Buy American
requirements.
Regional Administrator,
Region 5
$1,769
Regional Administrator,
Region 5
1 0 = recommendation is open with agreed-to corrective actions pending
C = recommendation is closed with all agreed-to actions completed
U = recommendation is unresolved with resolution efforts in progress
12-R-0789
8

-------
Appendix A
City of Nappanee Response to Draft Report
and OIG Evaluation
City of Nappanee
300 West Lincoln Street
Office Phone: (574) 773-2112
Home Phone; (S?4) 773-41%
Fw: (574) 773-5878
September 15, 2011
Mr. Robert Adachi
Director of Forensic Audits
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. (2410T)
Washington DC 20460
RE: Draft Site Visit Report
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Site Visit
of the Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project,
City of Nappanee, Indiana
Project No. OA-FY11-0036
Dear Mr. Adachi,
This correspondence is intended to address the preliminary findings of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General Draft Site Visit Report:
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Site Visit of the Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements Project, City of Nappanee, Indiana (Draft Report). Within the
aforementioned document, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of
Inspector General (OIG) claim that seven (7) products utilized in the City of Nappanee
Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project lack sufficient documentation to
meet the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Section 1605 Buy
American requirements and do not meet the criteria outlined in EPA guidance for
determining substantial transformation of goods and equipment.
The City of Nappanee believes that five (5) of the seven (7) items now have satisfactory
documentation to demonstrate compliance with Buy American via substantial
transformation. One (1) of the final two (2) remaining items was replaced with a Buy
P.O. Box 29
Nappanee, IN 46550-0029
Offesof
MAYOR
tarry I,Thompson
Email: nap|Kfcj#pliae,e©m
12-R-0789
9

-------
American compliant component on September 13, 2011 and the replacement of the
remaining item with a Buy American compliant product will occur on or before October
5, 2011.
Table 1: OIG ARRA Buy American Deficiency Summary provides a summary of the
items that, according to OIG, did not include the necessary detail and or documentation
to demonstrate compliance with Section 1605 of the Recovery Act.
Table 1: OIG ARRA Buy American Deficiency Summary
Section
Item
Manufacturer
Vendor
A
Positive Displacement
Blowers
Kaeser
BL Anderson
B
Mag Flow Meters
Siemens
BL Anderson
C
Square D Panels
Schneider Electric
All Phase Electric Supply
Co.
D
Peristaltic and Hose
Pumps
Watson-Marlow
BL Anderson
E
Check and Gate
Valves
Kennedy (M & H)
Valve Company
BL Anderson
F
Gate, Globe, Check,
Ball, Butterball, and
Slo-closed Valves
Milwaukee Valve
Wayne Pipe Supply
Company
G
Backflow Preventer
WATTS
Wayne Pipe Supply
Company
Specifically, the Draft Report claims that "the documentation provided by the City did not
meet the documentation standards for meeting Recovery Act Section 1605 Buy
American requirements nor EPA guidance issued for determining substantial
transformation of goods and equipment for all project equipment."
Further, the Draft Report states that reasons for the insufficiency rating of the seven
remaining items are as follows:
1.	Insufficient or no description of the manufacturing processes;
2.	No disclosure of the manufacturing site;
3.	No transformation questionnaire or alternative documentation to support substantial
transformation in the United States; and
4.	No documentation or explanation to support answers provided on the substantial
transformation matrix.
The Draft Report references three "key" guidance documents to aid in the determination
of substantial transformation of goods utilized in the project, which is classified by OIG
as the primary deficiency for the remaining seven (7) items. It is important to note that
these guidance documents were not available at the time the City of Nappanee
Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project was bid. The delayed and
12-R-0789
10

-------
piecemealed guidance issued by EPA after the bidding and awarding of the construction
contract(s) for the Nappanee Wastewater Treatment Plant project created an
inopportune environment in which obtaining comprehensive documentation from
manufacturers was very difficult and time intensive. The City of Nappanee
acknowledges that Section 1605 of the Recovery Act was in place at the time the
project was bid, but practical examples were not available at this time and resulted in
uncertainties in determining the adequacy of manufacturer documentation. However, in
spite of these obstacles, the City, its consulting engineer (Commonwealth Engineers,
Inc.), its contractor (R.E. Crosby), and several equipment representatives and
manufactures continue to make every effort to adhere to the guidance that was
developed and distributed after the project was bid. The City has proceeded with due
diligence in acquiring the documentation throughout the project and after its completion.
OIG Response 1: We recognize that the Recovery Act's Buy American requirements were
new, and projects were required to be under contract or construction 12 months after the
Recovery Act was signed. The city accepted funds from Indiana through the Wastewater
State Revolving Loan Fund Program. The loan agreement between the city and IFA requires
the city to comply with all federal requirements applicable to the loan when funded by the
Recovery Act. Further, paragraph (r) on page 18 of the loan agreement's standard conditions
requires Buy American compliance. If the city was unclear about the procedures necessary
to fulfill its responsibilities under the loan agreement, the city should have sought guidance
from the state. In addition, EPA published several training and guidance documents on its
public Internet site to assist recipients in meeting Recovery Act requirements.
In addition to the untimely issuance of the final Buy American documentation guidance
as outlined above, it appears as though documentation provided to OIG staff by
Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. on behalf of the City of Nappanee, was not
acknowledged or considered in the preparation of the Draft Report. In particular,
additional substantial transformation documentation was provided by Milwaukee Valve,
Kaeser, and Square D and transmitted to OIG staff via e-mail in May 2011 and June
2011 but it does not appear that this additional documentation was reviewed or
addressed in the Draft Report. It was also the understanding of the City of Nappanee
and those working on behalf of the City that secondary documentation, namely shipping
manifests and bills of lading, would be considered to determine the actual origin of
substantial transformation or assembly, but it does not appear any of this information
was reviewed or considered by OIG in the Draft Report.
Despite the issues outlined above, each item listed in Table 1: OIG ARRA Buy
American Deficiency Summary is individually addressed in the remaining portions of
this correspondence whereby the findings, factual accuracy of OIG's findings, and
concurrence or non-concurrence of the City of Nappanee are stated and summarized.
In addition, a discussion on existing and recent substantial transformation
documentation is also included along with a discussion on the shipping information
provided, where applicable.
12-R-0789
11

-------
A. Kaeser Positive Displacement Blowers
1.	OIG Comment: "Made in Germany" labels were found on the equipment.
Nappanee Response: The City does not refute the presence of these labels on the
chassis and blower blocks of the positive displacement blowers. However, the
documentation mentioned below should serve to prove that the blowers meet Buy
American provisions.
2.	OIG Comment: The Letter dated June 16, 2009 to Mr. Mark Gasvoda of BL Anderson
references a May 2009 United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) ruling from
May 2009 that validated the blowers meet the ARRA funding requirement. The OIG was
unable to locate said ruling.
Nappanee Response: Given OIG's lack of acknowledgement of the May 2009 ruling,
statements regarding this ruling are hereby retracted from this review. The May 2009
ruling is not needed to prove compliance with Buy American provisions.
OIG Comment: The letter dated October 29, 2010 from Kaeser to the City of Nappanee
was provided to support substantial transformation. The letter states that for ARRA
funded projects that Kaeser, Compressors, Inc. purchases a base chassis (blower block,
silencer base, and enclosure) of proprietarily designed components from the parent
company Kaeser Kompressoren, GmbH located in Germany. The electric motor,
pulleys, belts, relief valves, and expansion joints were added domestically. Product
Literature and inspection indicates that the chassis manufactured in Germany is
essentially a blower without a drive system. The documentation provided did not explain
how the addition of the drive system substantially changed or transformed the character
and use of the good manufactured in Germany and imported to the U.S.
Nappanee Response: Kaeser Compressors, Inc. provided additional correspondence to
the City of Nappanee dated May 18, 2011, which further elaborates on the substantial
transformation of the positive displacement blowers at the Fredericksburg Virginia
manufacturing site. This correspondence further describes the time, cost, skill level of
employees, and substantial value added to the final product to be utilized specifically for
wastewater applications such as the City of Nappanee Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements Project. We request that OIG further consider the May 18, 2011
correspondence for the determination that substantial transformation occurred in the
United States. In addition, Kaeser Compressors, Inc. has retained the services of Foley
& Lardner LLP to assist in responding to questions raised by OIG in the Draft Report. As
outlined in the letter dated September 14, 2011 from Foley & Lardner LLP to Mayor
Larry Thompson, a comprehensive response is expected to be provided to OIG by
September 21, 20113. Please be advised that the aforementioned letters can be
reviewed in further detail in Attachment A.
3The OIG received and reviewed the cited response. No additional evidence was provided which would change our
position.
12-R-0789
12

-------
3. OIG Comment: Documentation mentioned labor processes and efforts in general but did not
provide the specific labor and cost detail utilized to substantially transform the equipment.
Nappanee Response: The May 18, 2011 (Attachment A) letter signed by Stephen Home
of Kaeser Compressors Inc. clearly indicated on page three that "The assembly
procedures combined with the domestically sourced items account for 35 to 50 percent
of the packages total value." Per the response above, additional details on the
substantial transformation process in the U.S. will be forthcoming by September 21,
2011.
4. OIG Comment: Planning, designing, sourcing, fabricating, building techniques and testing
were all stated to be completed in the United States; however, EPA guidance states that
these tasks do not constitute substantial transformation.
Nappanee Response: Regardless of EPA opinion that "planning, designing, sourcing,
fabricating, building techniques and testing" do not constitute substantial transformation,
the May 18, 2011 documentation provided by Kaeser Compressors, Inc. (Attachment
A) clearly states that the actual building of the blower occurs in the U.S. at the facility
located at 511 Sigma Drive Fredericksburg, Virginia. The term "building" in this context
is synonymous with the term substantial transformation. Please be advised that the
forthcoming September 14, 2011 will contain further detail on the activities performed to
substantially transform the blowers in the U.S. as questioned by OIG in the Draft Report.
In the opinion of the City of Nappanee, it appears that OIG did not thoroughly review the
information provided by BL Anderson and Kaeser Compressors, Inc. Of particular interest is the
Order Confirmation dated January 12, 2010 which consists of four pages and includes the
following relevant information that further demonstrates substantial transformation in the U.S.:
•	Number of items in the order to be shipped to Nappanee;
•	Model number of positive displacement blowers;
•	ARRA notation for the blowers which indicates substantial transformation occurred in
the United States;
•	Method of delivery;
•	Origin of delivery;
•	Projected delivery date; and
•	Specific language stating "assembly at Fredericksburg."
In addition, a key element to the documentation provided by Kaeser Compressors, Inc. was not
acknowledged by OIG, which is the e-mail provided by Kaeser Compressors, Inc. in which
Kristen Kroner of USEPA Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Team Office of Groundwater
and Drinking Water states that: "Based on the additional information provided, we believe
substantial transformation is occurring in the U.S. at your Fredericksburg facility." This e-mail
correspondence was sent to Stephan Dagovitz, the District Manager of Kaeser Compressors,
12-R-0789
13

-------
Inc. on November 1, 2010 and was provided to OIG staff on May 20, 2011. The aforementioned
correspondence has been attached in Attachment A for review.
OIG Response 2: We reviewed Kaeser Compressors, Inc.'s, letter dated October 29, 2010,
to EPA's Office of Water. The letter contained the same information as the May 18, 2011,
Kaeser letter referred to in the city's response. We found the information in the letter to be
insufficient to enable us to determine whether the displacement blowers were manufactured
in the United States, as noted in this report's "Results of Site Visit" section. We received
and reviewed the Foley & Lardner, LLP, report and found no new information to support the
items being manufactured in the United States.
We were aware of the e-mail sent by an employee from EPA's Office of Water. We find no
authority in Section 1605 of the Recovery Act or the relevant regulations at 2 CFR Part 176,
"Requirements for Implementing Sections 1512, 1605, and 1606 of the American Recovery
and Reinvestment Act of 2009 for Financial Assistance Awards," that would authorize EPA
to make a determination of substantial transformation. In fact, EPA's Determining
Substantial Transformation clearly states that "EPA does not and will not make
determinations as to substantial transformation or the U.S. or foreign origin of manufactured
goods." Since Kaeser Compressors, Inc., is an affiliate of Kaeser Kompressoren, GmbH, and
"the base chassis of proprietary designed components" was obtained from the parent, we
need to clearly understand the precise steps and costs completed in the United States versus
the process and steps completed in Germany for the actual blowers used in the Nappanee
project.
B. Siemens Maq Flow Meters
1.	OIG Comment: Dutch labels were found on the equipment.
Nappanee Response: The City acknowledges the Dutch labels on the cable of the
Siemens Mag Meter and these cables were replaced on September 13, 2011.
2.	OIG Comment: Documentation provided stated that the meters "undergo final assembly,
testing, user-defined programming and labeling in the Siemens Configuration Center located
in Spring House, PA USA." This document was deemed to be insufficient for the
determination of substantial transformation in the United States.
Nappanee Response: BL Anderson Company, the Siemens Flow Meter Product Line
Representative, replaced the Dutch-produced flow transmitter, cabling, and remote wall
mount kit with Buy American compliant equipment on September 13, 2011. Substantial
transformation documentation for this equipment has been included for review in
Attachment B.
12-R-0789
14

-------
OIG Response 3: We acknowledge the city's action taken to have BL Anderson Company, the
Siemens Flow Meter Product Line Representative, replace the Dutch-produced flow transmitter,
cabling, and remote wall mount kit with Buy American compliant equipment. Based on the
stated action taken, we added a report recommendation to the Agency to verify that the item has
been replaced with Buy American-compliant equipment. On December 22, 2011, the Region 5
and IF A staff visited the project and verified the city's replacement of the Siemens Flow Meter.
We reviewed supporting documentation provided by Region 5 to support their visit and the
city's compliance with the Buy American requirements. We agreed that the action taken by the
city and the region have resolved the question of compliance. We modified our report
accordingly.	
C. Square D Electrical Panels
1.	OIG Comment: No label of origin found on the panels.
Nappanee Response: The City of Nappanee acknowledges that no labels were found on
the panels; however, Brady Dryer of Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. did provide
documentation to OIG on June 3, 2011 verifying that the Square D panels were
substantially transformed in Peru, Indiana.
2.	OIG Comment: Insufficient Buy American documentation was provided.
Nappanee Response: Again, the City of Nappanee questions the review of
documentation provided to OIG staff. On June 3, 2011 an e-mail was sent by Brady
Dryer of Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. to John Flynn and Jean Bloom which included
documentation describing relevant characteristics of the Peru, Indiana Square D
manufacturing facility. This documentation was neither acknowledged by OIG staff via
e-mail nor was it referenced in the OIG Draft Report. Nonetheless, Square D has
provided additional documentation in the form of the Substantial Transformation
Examination Checklist which includes the required narrative and has been attached for
review in Attachment C. This documentation should provide adequate evidence that
the panels, including circuit breakers, were substantially transformed in Peru, Indiana.
OIG Response 4: We reviewed the information contained in the June 3, 2011, e-mail and found
it insufficient to support compliance with Buy American requirements. We acknowledge that not
all of the information provided and reviewed was referenced in our draft report. A substantial
transformation matrix was provided with insufficient explanation of the manufacturing process.
We reviewed the additional information provided by Commonwealth Engineers, and determined
that sufficient documentation has been provided to support compliance with the Buy American
requirements. We revised the final report accordingly.
12-R-0789
15

-------
D.
Watson-Marlow Peristaltic Pump
1. OIG Comment: Buy American documentation not sufficient.
Nappanee Response: Further review and discussion with Watson-Marlow have
indicated that the peristaltic pumps do not meet ARRA Buy American
requirements. A letter stating this misunderstanding and the inability of this item
to meet Recovery Act Section 1605 Buy American provisions was provided by BL
Anderson, the manufacturer's representative, on May 25, 2011 to the City of
Nappanee. In particular, this letter discusses Watson-Marlow's improper
application of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the context
of compliance with Recovery Act Section 1605. The above-mentioned
correspondence can be reviewed in greater detail in Attachment D. As the City
had relied on Watson-Marlow's assertion that the pumps complied with Buy
American until the misapplication of NAFTA came to light, this delay created
difficulties for Nappanee in order to utilize available avenues to comply with Buy
American without creating undue delays in the completion of the project.
However, the City will comply with the required Buy American compliance
requirements of ARRA by replacing the Watson-Marlow peristaltic pumps with
the Pulsafeeder, Inc. Chem-Tech Series XPV peristaltic pump, which are
substantially transformed in Punta Gorda, FL. Additional documentation has
been provided in Attachment D for review. Of particular interest is a letter
dated February 17, 2010 signed by Jefferey Bye, the Director of Marketing and
Business Development which states that the Chem-Tech Series SPO products
may include components from the United States, Canada, South Korea, Taiwan,
and China, but are substantially transformed in Punta Gorda, FL.
Additional information has been requested regarding the specific steps in the
manufacturing process, labor required, skill level of employees, the addition of
substantial value, and percentage of foreign versus domestic components in the
Chem-Tech Series peristaltic pumps and the documentation will be sent to OIG
upon receipt. This equipment will be installed to replace the Watson-Marlow
perastaltic pumps at the Nappanee WWTP within the next three (3) weeks per
correspondence provided by Mark Gasvoda of BL Anderson on September 14,
2011 (Attachment D).
OIG Response 5: We acknowledge the city's planned action to replace the noncompliant
Watson-Marlow peristaltic pump and added a report recommendation to the Agency to verify the
item replacement with a Buy American-compliant pump. On December 22, 2011, Region 5 and
IFA staff visited the project and verified the city's replacement of the pump. We reviewed
supporting documentation provided by Region 5 and determined the actions taken by the city and
the region have resolved the question of compliance. We modified our report accordingly.	
12-R-0789
16

-------
E. Kennedy (M & H) Valve Company Check and Gate Valves
Kennedy Valve, Clow Valve, and M&H Valve are subsidiary companies of the McWane
Company. Each company manufactures various kinds of valves, and the logo for each
company appears on each valve. BL Anderson, the supplier of the Check and Gate
Valves, determined that Kennedy Valve provided the items installed at the Nappanee
WWTP project. The Kennedy check and gate valves are substantially transformed in
Elmira, New York. Representatives of Kennedy Valve provided a Substantial
Transformation Examination checklist and related supporting narratives on September 2,
2011, which has been included in Attachment E. This information states that all
components, except for $15 worth of foreign items are substantially transformed in the
United States at the Elmira, New York facility.
1.	OIG Comment: Insufficient or no description of the manufacturing processes.
Nappanee Response: Page 3 September 2, 2011 Substantial Transformation
Examination Checklist (Attachment E) describes the manufacturing process.
2.	OIG Comment: No disclosure of the manufacturing site.
Nappanee Response: The September 2, 2011 Substantial Transformation Examination
Checklist (Attachment E) clearly states that the valves for the Nappanee Wastewater
Treatment Plant Improvements Project were substantially transformed in Elmira, New
York.
3.	OIG Comment: No transformation questionnaire or alternative documentation to support
substantial transformation in the United States; and
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination Checklist was
completed on September 2, 2011 and has been included in Attachment E review.
4.	OIG Comment: No documentation or explanation to support answers provided on the
substantial transformation matrix.
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination provided on
September 2, 2011 includes narratives as required per the Draft Report and has been
included in Attachment E for review.
The above documentation should serve to prove that the Kennedy Valves meet the ARRA Buy
American requirements as they were substantially transformed in Elmira, New York.
OIG Response 6: We reviewed the additional information included in the city's response and
determined that sufficient documentation has been provided to support compliance with the Buy
American requirements. We revised the final report accordingly.
F. Milwaukee Valve Gate. Globe. Ball. Butterball. and Slo-closed Valves
Milwaukee Valve provided documentation regarding ARRA Buy American compliance on
May 26, 2011 to Brady Dryer of Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. This correspondence
was e-mailed to John Flynn of EPA on May 26, 2011 by Brady Dryer. No
12-R-0789
17

-------
acknowledgement of this e-mail message and supporting correspondence was received
and it appears this information was not considered for the Draft Report.
Per the Draft Report, additional documentation was requested from Milwaukee Valve.
Thomas LaGuardia of Milwaukee Valve responded to this request in correspondence
dated September 6, 2011 in the form of a completed Substantial Transformation
Examination Checklist with narratives. The general deficiencies noted in the EPA audit
are addressed below and the noted correspondence has been included in Attachment
F.
1.	OIG Comment: Insufficient or no description of the manufacturing processes;
Nappanee Response: See page 2 and 3 of the September 6, 2011 Substantial
Transformation Examination Checklist describing the manufacturing process,
which has been included in Attachment F.
2.	OIG Comment: No disclosure of the manufacturing site;
Nappanee Response: Correspondence from Milwaukee Valve, dated May 26, 2011 and
September 6, 2011 include a statement indicating the Prairie du Sac Wisconsin facility is
the manufacturing sites of the valves provided for the Nappanee Wastewater Treatment
Plant Improvements Project. This correspondence has been included in Attachment F
for review.
3.	OIG Comment: No transformation questionnaire or alternative documentation to support
substantial transformation in the United States was available; and
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination Checklist was
completed on September 6, 2011 and has been included in Attachment F for review.
4.	OIG Comment: No documentation or explanation to support answers provided on the
substantial transformation matrix.
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination checklist includes
narratives required per the Draft Report and has been included in Attachment F for
review.
The above documentation should serve to prove that the Milwaukee Valve does meet the ARRA
Buy American requirements.
OIG Response 7: We acknowledge that not all of the information provided and reviewed was
referenced in the draft report. We reviewed the information contained in the May 26, 2011,
e-mail and found it insufficient to support compliance with Buy American requirements. The
information did not disclose the manufacturing location. We reviewed information provided with
the city's response to the draft report, and determined that sufficient documentation has been
provided to support compliance with the Buy American requirements. We revised the final report
accordingly.
12-R-0789
18

-------
G. WATTS Backflow Preventer
General statements of ARRA Buy American Compliance were provided by WATTS to
the City of Nappanee in correspondence dated February 11, 2010. This
correspondence did not include substantial transformation information, which recently
has been provided by Ames Fire & Waterworks, a subsidiary of WATTS, on September
6, 2011. General information regarding substantial transformation of the Backflow
Preventer, including a factory tour of the Ames facility, has been included for review in
Attachment G.
The general deficiencies noted in the Draft Report are addressed below and the noted
correspondence and relevant information are attached.
1.	OIG Comment: Insufficient or no description of the manufacturing processes;
Nappanee Response: Page 1 of the September 6, 2011 correspondence from Ames Fire
& Waterworks generally describes the manufacturing process. The Substantial
Transformation Examination Checklist with detailed narratives has been requested and
will be submitted to OIG upon receipt; however, general substantial transformation
discussion and a factory tour of the Ames Fire & Waterworks facility in Woodland,
California are included in Attachment G.
2.	OIG Comment: No disclosure of the manufacturing site;
Nappanee Response: The September 6, 2011 correspondence from Ames Fire &
Waterworks states that the components of the backflow preventer in question are
manufactured in Woodland, California whereby approximately 75% to 80% of the raw
material is domestically provided.
3.	OIG Comment: No transformation questionnaire or alternative documentation to support
substantial transformation in the United States; and
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination Checklist and
corresponding narratives have been requested and will be submitted to OIG upon
receipt; however, a general substantial transformation discussion and a factory tour of
the Ames Fire & Waterworks facility in Woodland, California are included in Attachment
G.
4.	OIG Comment: No documentation or explanation to support answers provided on the
substantial transformation matrix.
Nappanee Response: The Substantial Transformation Examination Checklist and
corresponding narratives have been requested and will be submitted to OIG upon
receipt; however, a general substantial transformation discussion and a factory tour of
the Ames Fire & Waterworks facility in Woodland, California are included in Attachment
G.
12-R-0789
19

-------
This documentation should serve to prove that the WATTS Backflow Preventer does
meet the ARRA Buy American requirements; however, as indicated above, additional
documentation will be provided to OIG upon receipt.
OIG Response 8: We reviewed the information provided in response to the draft report, and
determined sufficient documentation has been provided to support compliance with the Buy
American requirements. We revised the final report accordingly.	
Conclusion
The City of Nappanee has diligently worked to demonstrate compliance with Buy American
requirements. Based upon the recent submissions from manufacturers and/or suppliers, it is the
City of Nappanee's position that five (5) of the seven (7) deficient items noted in the Office of
Inspector General Site Visit Draft Report dated August 16, 2011 now meet the ARRA Buy
American requirements. The City has provided detailed documentation for these five
manufacturers which should satisfactorily demonstrate Buy American compliance through
substantial transformation.
To address the remaining two items, the City believes that the Siemens Mag Flow Meters are
now in compliance with Buy American provisions, as the non-compliant components have been
replaced with components which were substantially transformed in Springhouse, Pennsylvania.
Documentation from Siemens describing the substantial transformation process has been
provided in Attachment B. The remaining item, the Watson-Marlow Perilstalic Pumps, will be
replaced with Pulsafeeder, Inc. Chem-Tech Series XPV peristaltic pumps by October 5, 2011.
The Pulsafeeder pumps are substantially transformed in Punta Gorda, FL as stated in
Attachment D and additional detail provided by Pulsafeeder will be submitted to OIG for review
upon receipt.
We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the Office of Inspector General Draft Site Visit Draft
Report for the Nappanee Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project. We sincerely
hope that this correspondence and the attachments will suffice in addressing the findings in the
referenced Draft Report. If you should have any further questions or concerns, please contact
Brady Dryer at Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. via e-mail at bdryer@contactcei.com or by
phone at (317) 888-1177.
Sincerely,
Mayor Larry Thompson
City of Nappanee
Attachments
Attachment A: Kaeser Documentation
Attachment B: Siemens Documentation
Attachment C: Square D Documentation
Attachment D: Watson-Marlow and Pulsafeeder Documentation
Attachment E: Kennedy Valve (M&H) Documentation
Attachment F: Milwaukee Valve Documentation
Attachment G: WATTS Documentation
12-R-0789
20

-------
cc: Steve Marquardt, Chief, Section 2, State and Tribal Programs Branch, Region 5 (sent
via email)
Laura Cossa, State Program Lead, State and Tribal Programs Branch, Region 5 (sent
via email)
Gale Gerber, Utilities Manager, City of Nappanee, Indiana (sent via email)
Al Stong, Project Manager, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
Jim McGoff, Director of Environmental Programs, Indiana Finance Authority (sent via
email)
Mark Downey, President, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
Al Stong, Project Manager, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
Brady Dryer, Compliance Manager, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
12-R-0789
21

-------
Appendix B
Indiana Finance Authority Response to Draft Report
and OIG Evaluation
September 15, 2011
VIA FIRST CLASS MAIL	Copies sent via email to: John Trefry (trefry.john@epa.gov)
Jean Bloom (bloom.jean@epa.gov)
Robert Adachi
Director of Forensic Audits
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. (2410T)
Washington, DC 20460
Re: Draft Site Visit Report
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Site Visit of
Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project,
City of Nappanee, Indiana
Project No. OA-FY11-0036
Dear Mr. Adachi:
The Indiana Finance Authority (IFA) is in receipt of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) - Office of Inspector General's (OIG) "Draft" Site Visit Report dated August 16, 2011 (Draft Report)
regarding the above referenced matter. As required by the Draft Report, the IFA hereby submits its
written response to the findings and recommendations of the Draft Report.
Introduction
The IFA believes the Draft Report inaccurately concludes the IFA "did not comply with
documentation standards for meeting Recovery Act Section 1605 Buy American requirements nor EPA
guidance for determining substantial transformation of goods and equipment." This IFA response to the
Draft Report demonstrates that IFA has complied with its responsibilities regarding the Buy American
requirements set forth in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and in
subsequent Buy American Guidance documents issued by EPA.
12-R-0789
22

-------
The IFA requests that references to the "IFA", located on page two (2) and page six (6) of the
Draft Report be removed from the final OIG Site Visit Report as the inclusion of IFA as a non-compliant
party is factually inaccurate. Pursuant to EPA issued Guidance Document (EPA-816-F-10-062) dated
August 2010, the State's role (as performed by the IFA) and responsibility during the implementation of
ARRA was to provide "oversight and check project compliance". As the below response demonstrates,
the IFA developed a comprehensive compliance program for Buy American compliance which included
significant oversight measures and project inspections for not only the City of Nappanee (City or City of
Nappanee) but for all projects funded with ARRA dollars. As is documented below, the IFA not only met
its responsibility as mandated by ARRA and EPA, but initiated measures that exceeded EPA's
requirements to better assure that recipients of ARRA funds and the manufacturers of equipment
supplied to ARRA funded projects adhered to the requirements associated with ARRA funded projects.
Background
IFA executed a Grant Agreement with the EPA to use funds made available by ARRA dated
August 20th, 2009. This Grant Agreement provided a total award to the Indiana Clean Water State
Revolving Fund (CW SRF) Loan Program of $94,447,500.00. The ARRA required all funds to be under an
assistance agreement and begin construction by February 17, 2010. IFA solicited "shovel ready" projects
in the State of Indiana and entered into forty-three (43) Financial Assistance Agreements with CW SRF
loan participants by January 28, 2010. One of the 43 loan participants was the City of Nappanee. IFA
executed a Financial Assistance Agreement with the City of Nappanee on September 4th, 2009 in the
amount of $4,875,000.00, this amount included $3,106,000.00 of base SRF funds and $1,769,000.00 of
ARRA dollars. It is important to note that the City of Nappanee closed its loan before EPA issued key
guidance documents relating to Buy American requirements and substantial transformation.
Despite the untimely issuance of pertinent guidance documents pertaining to Buy American,
particularly the documentation required to demonstrate substantial transformation, the IFA worked
diligently with Nappanee and all of its loan participants to ensure that each loan participant was aware
of any federal guidance and requirements. IFA strongly believes that it fulfilled its role and responsibility
relating to Buy American compliance and further believes that each of its loan participants, including the
City of Nappanee, made every attempt to comply and has complied with issued Buy American guidance.
12-R-0789
23

-------
Response
I. IFA has fulfilled its roles and responsibilities set forth in EPA issued Buy American compliance
guidance documents. IFA has developed and implemented a comprehensive Buy American
compliance program, which includes oversight inspection procedures for all ARRA funded projects.
Pursuant to EPA guidance dated August 2010 which outlines the roles and responsibilities of the
State, IFA developed and implemented compliance oversight measures of ARRA funded projects at the
pre-construction, construction, and post-construction phases. IFA dedicated substantial time, resources,
and personnel to assist its SRF borrowers, the party ultimately responsible for the project's compliance,
to meet ARRA obligations and maintain adequate documentation, to decide how and when to properly
apply de minimis and substantial transformation decisions.
At the pre-construction phase, every SRF borrower which received ARRA funds certified to IFA
that all ARRA project requirements would be followed. Further, the engineering consultant retained by
the SRF borrower responsible for drafting the design and bid specifications for the ARRA funded
project(s) certified to IFA that bids were prepared in accordance with ARRA Buy American regulations.
This certification included required Buy American contract provisions which IFA instructed engineering
consultants to include in every procurement contract associated with all ARRA funded projects. At
contract award, IFA required that all contractors and sub-contractors certify that every procurement
contract associated with an ARRA funded project contain the required Buy American contract provisions
and follow Buy American procurement and documentation requirements. Representatives from IFA
attended pre-construction meetings to answer questions and provide guidance to ARRA project
stakeholders. Finally, IFA reviewed manufacturer documentation used to demonstrate Buy American
compliance and provided suggestions to improve documentation in order to comply with evolving EPA
guidance.
During the construction phase, IFA set a goal of inspecting every ARRA funded project at
construction milestones of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% completion. IFA created an ARRA Inspection
Checklist to supplement its existing inspection checklist to capture ARRA-specific requirements. Further,
IFA requested that each ARRA borrower provide all manufacturer submissions to IFA for anticipatory
review. IFA reviewed submissions from manufacturers, as those documents were provided to IFA from
the ARRA borrower or its engineering consultant in order to provide oversight and suggested follow-up
action. IFA relayed changes in Buy American documentation guidance to ARRA borrowers via email
updates and newsletter articles. IFA engineers and compliance personnel regularly met with ARRA
project stakeholders to clarify documentation requirements.
12-R-0789
24

-------
At the post-construction phase, IFA requested that ARRA borrowers complete and return the
EPA State ARRA Inspection Checklist to IFA for review prior to the release of final payments. At this time,
IFA provided final comments on the sufficiency of Buy American documentation submitted by
manufacturers and suggested follow-up steps. IFA also reviewed de minimis waiver items to ensure
compliance with the requirements of utilizing the waiver.
The above mentioned compliance steps were taken with the City of Nappanee. At the pre-
construction phase, the City of Nappanee provided the certification required by IFA stating that the
project would follow all ARRA project requirements. The City of Nappanee's engineering consultant
provided a certification that bids were prepared in accordance with Buy American regulations and that
the required Buy American contract provisions would be included in each and every procurement
contract. In addition, the contractors and sub-contractors involved in the Nappanee project certified
that the required Buy American contract provisions would be included in each procurement contract.
IFA staff attended meetings with the City of Nappanee and its consulting engineer and provided
information on the Buy American requirements and provided an opportunity to answer questions. IFA
staff reviewed manufacturer documentation provided by Nappanee and if needed, provided suggestions
to improve documentation in order to comply with the evolving EPA guidance. During the construction
phase, IFA staff inspected the Nappanee project on multiple occasions in order to verify construction
progress, SRF program compliance, and ARRA compliance. The Nappanee project was inspected on the
following dates:
•	March 11, 2010 (15% completion)
•	May 7, 2010 (30% completion)
•	October 7, 2010 (80% completion)
•	March 16, 2011 (100% completion)
•	May 4, 2011 (100% completion)
•	May 16, 2011 (100% completion)
Through the development and implementation of the aforementioned comprehensive
compliance program, IFA strongly believes it not only met its obligation outlined in EPA guidance to
"oversee and check project compliance" of ARRA funded projects but it went above and beyond its
obligation to help ensure that its SRF borrowers understood and complied with all the ARRA
requirements, including the Buy American requirements that have proven to be complicated and were
issued well after many communities closed their ARRA loan, including the City of Nappanee. IFA believes
that the inclusion of IFA as a non-compliant party in regard to not meeting its Buy American
12-R-0789
25

-------
requirements is factually inaccurate and respectfully requests that the references made to "IFA" in the
Draft Report should be removed from any final OIG Site Visit Report associated with the City of
Nappanee's project. See supporting State Revolving Fund Compliance documentation in Attachment A.
II. The City of Nappanee has taken significant corrective action and has made every attempt to obtain
additional documentation to support its compliance with the Buy American requirements.
Project Background
The Nappanee Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Improvements project will produce water
quality and environmental benefits by correcting a deficiency in aerobic sludge treatment and sludge
storage capacity at the WWTP, as well as replacing an inefficient blower system, and converting the
disinfection process from chlorine gas to ultra-violet disinfection to eliminate a potential safety hazard.
The project went to bid on June 8, 2009 and received SRF financing on September 4, 2009. The notice to
proceed with construction was issued just ten days after loan closing, on September 14, 2009 so as to
meet the "shovel-ready" requirements of ARRA.
The City of Nappanee met its due diligence requirement by working with its consultant engineer
to obtain documentation from manufacturers and suppliers to demonstrate compliance with the Buy
American requirements of ARRA. Untimely and evolving EPA guidance related to documentation
requirements created challenges for the City that they have worked diligently to address by contacting
manufacturers, suppliers, and vendors and engaging in a very time-intensive discussion with these
parties in order to obtain primary and secondary Buy American documentation. Following OIG's site visit
in May 2011, the City has taken substantial steps to correct the seven (7) identified deficiencies. As
indicated in Table One, the City has taken further action by: (a) providing updated substantial
transformation documentation for five (5) of the seven (7) items; and by (b) replacing two (2) non-
compliant products with Buy American compliant products. The above action should demonstrate that
the City has complied with its Buy American requirements.
12-R-0789
26

-------
Table One: OIG Preliminary Findings and Action Taken
Item
Manufacturer
Vendor
Action
IFA Concur/Do Not
Concur
Positive
Displacement
Blowers
Kaeser
BL Anderson
Updated substantial
transformation
documentation provided
Do Not Concur
Mag Flow
Meters
Siemens
BL Anderson
Non-compliant item
replaced with Buy American
compliant item on 9/13/11
Do Not Concur
(Product in
compliance as of
9/13/11)
Square D
Panels
Schneider Electric
All Phase Electric
Supply Co.
Updated substantial
transformation
documentation provided
Do Not Concur




Do Not Concur
Peristaltic and
Hose Pumps
Watson-Marlow
BL Anderson
Non-compliant item to be
replaced with Buy American
compliant item
(Product will be in
compliance no later
than 10/05/11)
Check and
Gate Valves
Kennedy (M & H)
Valve Company
BL Anderson
Updated substantial
transformation
documentation provided
Do Not Concur
Gate, Globe,
Check, Ball,
Butterball, and
Slo-closed
Valves
Milwaukee Valve
Wayne Pipe
Supply Company
Updated substantial
transformation
documentation provided
Do Not Concur
Backflow
Preventer
WATTS
Wayne Pipe
Supply Company
Updated substantial
transformation
documentation provided
Do Not Concur
Listed below are the seven (7) items identified in Table One with further explanation of the steps the
City has taken to comply with Buy American requirements.
Kaeser Positive Displacement Blowers
A May 18, 2011 letter provided by Kaeser Compressors, Inc. to the City of Nappanee clearly
describes the substantial transformation process conducted in the Fredericksburg, Virginia facility. This
letter contains the specific labor and cost detail which was missing as of OIG's site visit to the City in May
2011. Kaeser describes the substantial transformation process as requiring 16-20 hours of build time
and that the Positive Displacement Blowers contain 35-50 percent of domestically sourced items.
Kaeser's substantial transformation process was confirmed as sufficient for Buy American compliance
purposes by Kirsten Kroner from the Drinking Water SRF Team Office at EPA Headquarters in
Washington, D.C. in an email to Stephan Dagovitz of Kaeser dated November 1st, 2010. IFA concurs with
12-R-0789
27

-------
EPA's analysis, and concludes that the Kaeser Positive Displacement Blowers comply with Buy American
requirements. See supporting Kaeser documentation in Attachment B.
OIG Response 9: See the "Results of Site Visit" and appendix A of this report for OIG
comments on Kaeser Positive Displacement Blowers.
Siemens Mae Flow Meters
A September 2, 2011 letter provided by BL Anderson, supplier of the Siemens Mag Flow Meter
indicates that the magnetic flowmeter transmitter, standard cabling, and remote wall mount kit
supplied to the City of Nappanee were manufactured in Denmark. The transmitter, cabling, and wall
mount kit are components which function together by providing flow information to the flow meter
itself. These items are provided by Siemens as a set. As of September 13th, 2011, BL Anderson has
removed the non-compliant transmitter, cabling, and wall mount kit and replaced them with a
transmitter, cabling, and wall mount kit substantially transformed in Springhouse, Pennsylvania. The
transmitter is substantially transformed from components, including circuit boards and enclosures.
Additional documentation describing the substantial transformation process is forthcoming. As such, IFA
believes that the Siemens Mag Flow Meters are in compliance with Buy American requirements. See
currently available Siemens documentation in Attachment C.
OIG Response 10: See appendix A for OIG comments on Siemens Mag Flow Meters.
Square D Electrical Panels
Square D provided substantial transformation documentation to the City of Nappanee dated
August 30, 2011 which adds additional detail to a June 3rd, 2011 letter previously provided to OIG by
Commonwealth Engineering. Both documents describe the manufacturing and transformation process
at the Square D facility in Peru, Indiana. Square D employs 500 people at their Peru facility where the
Electrical Panels are transformed in a process that takes 4.5 hours. The Electrical Panels contain
approximately 75% domestic materials. IFA does not concur with OIG's preliminary finding that Square
D's documentation is insufficient, and believes that substantial transformation of the Electrical Panels
occurred in Peru, Indiana. Therefore, IFA believes the Electrical Panels meet the Buy American
requirements. See supporting Square D documentation in Attachment D.
OIG Response 11: See appendix A for OIG comments on Square D Electric Panels.
12-R-0789
28

-------
Watson-Marlow Peristaltic Pump
Initially, the City relied on the assertions of Watson-Marlow in a letter dated April 23, 2009 that
the pumps it supplied to the City complied with Buy American requirements because they fell under the
North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA); however, the City received a letter from the supplier of
the Watson-Marlow Pumps, BL Anderson, on May 25, 2011 stating that the NAFTA exemption was
misapplied and the Watson-Marlow Pumps (Pumps) did not comply with Buy American, as the Pumps
are manufactured in the United Kingdom. Per a September 14, 2011 email from BL Anderson, the non-
compliant Pumps will be replaced with Buy American compliant Pulsafeeder pumps no later than
October 5, 2011. The new pumps have been substantially transformed in a process involving inspection,
machining, assembly, programming, testing, and packaging in Punta Gorda, Florida at the Pulsafeeder
manufacturing facility. See currently available supporting Watson-Marlow documentation in Attachment
L Additional documentation describing the substantial transformation process is forthcoming.
OIG Response 12: See appendix A for OIG comments on Watson-Marlow Peristaltic Pump.
Kennedy Valve (M&H) Company Check and Gate Valves
Kennedy Valve, M&H Valve, and Clow Valve are subsidiary companies of the McWane Company,
and each company manufactures several kinds of valves which bear the company logo and name of each
subsidiary. Documentation provided by Kennedy Valve, the manufacturer of the Check and Gate Valves,
to the City of Nappanee on September 2, 2011 describes the substantial transformation process the
Valves undergo at the Kennedy Valve manufacturing facility in Elmira, New York. The Check and Gate
Valves contain only $15 worth of non-domestic components, and are transformed through a complex
process involving melting iron, machining castings, and assembling the final product. IFA does not
concur with OIG's preliminary finding and believes that the Kennedy Valve transformation process is
sufficiently time, labor, and cost intensive to meet EPA standards, and that the Check and Gate Valves
comply with Buy American requirements. IFA believes that the Kennedy Valve documentation supports
the City's assertion that Valves have been substantially transformed in Elmira, New York. See supporting
M&H Valve documentation in Attachment F.
OIG Response 13: See appendix A for OIG comments on Kennedy Valve (M&H) Company
check and Gate Valves.
12-R-0789
29

-------
Milwaukee Valve Gate. Globe. Ball. Butterball. and Slo-closed Valves
Documentation provided to the City of Nappanee by Milwaukee Valve on September 6, 2011
provides sufficient detail to determine that substantial transformation of Milwaukee Valve Gate, Globe,
Ball, Butterball, and Slo-closed Valves occurred at the Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin manufacturing facility.
95% of the Milwaukee Valve Gate, Glob, Ball, and Butterball, and Slo-closed Valves are domestically
sourced, and the substantial transformation process takes approximately eight (8) hours. IFA does not
concur with OIG's preliminary finding that documentation for the item is deficient, and believes that the
Milwaukee Valve Gate, Globe, Ball, Butterball, and Slo-closed Valves comply with Buy American
requirements. See supporting Milwaukee Valve documentation in Attachment G.
OIG Response 14: See appendix A for OIG comments on Milwaukee Value Gate, Glove, Ball,
Butterball, and Slo-closed Valves.
Watts Backflow Preventer
Documentation provided to the City of Nappanee by Watts on September 8, 2011 provides
sufficient detail to determine that substantial transformation of the WATTS Backflow Preventer
occurred in the manufacturing facility of a Watts' subsidiary, Ames Fire & Waterworks, in Woodland,
California. The Backflow Preventer contains 75%-80% domestic materials and the substantial
transformation process requires multiple complex processes to fabricate and manufacture the product
using highly skilled laborers. Therefore, IFA does not concur with OIG's preliminary finding and believes
that Watts has complied with Buy American requirements. See supporting Watts documentation in
Attachment H.
OIG Response 15: See appendix A for OIG comments on Watts Backflow Preventer.
Conclusion
The IFA has met its obligation under ARRA to provide compliance oversight to the City of
Nappanee, Indiana by requiring signed ARRA certifications from the City, its consultant engineer, and its
contractor. These certifications describe all ARRA-related requirements in detail, including Buy American
and require that the certifying party acknowledge and adhere to these requirements throughout the
project. IFA further verified compliance by reviewing manufacturer documentation, and providing
suggestions to the City to improve documentation in adherence to evolving EPA Buy American guidance.
12-R-0789
30

-------
IFA visited the Nappanee Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements Project several times throughout
construction, and after the project was complete. Because these efforts are above and beyond IFA's
requirement to "provide oversight and check project compliance," any reference to IFA as a non-
compliant party is factually inaccurate. IFA respectfully requests that references to "IFA" as a non-
compliant party are removed from the final OIG Site Visit Report.
OIG Response 16: We acknowledge IFA's compliance program, outlined in the above response,
to meet EPA's guidance to "oversee and check project compliance" of Recovery Act-funded
projects and the challenges encountered with the Buy American requirements. The purpose of
our review was to determine whether the City of Nappanee complied with selected requirements
of the Recovery Act. We did not perform a detailed review of IFA's roles and responsibilities or
work performed to assure compliance on the Nappanee project. We modified our final report
based on IFA's comments to the draft report and removed the reference to IFA as a
noncompliant party.
In addition, IFA believes that the City of Nappanee has worked diligently to comply with its
obligation regarding the Buy American requirements. The City has provided updated manufacturer
documentation proving that substantial transformation has occurred in the United States for five (5) of
the seven (7) deficient items identified by OIG in their Draft Report. The non-compliant components of
the Siemens Mag Flow Meters have been replaced and the non-compliant Watson-Marlow Pumps will
be replaced with Buy American compliant products thereby satisfying Buy American requirements. IFA
believes that the City will be found to have met its Buy American requirements on all deficient items
listed in the Draft Report.
Thank you for the opportunity to respond to the Draft Report. If you have any questions, please
contact me at 317-234-2916.
Sincerely,
James P. McGoff
Director of Environmental Programs
Indiana Finance Authority
Attachments
Attachment A: State Revolving Fund Compliance Documentation
Attachment B: Kaeser Documentation
12-R-0789
31

-------
Attachment C: Siemens Documentation
Attachment D: Square D Documentation
Attachment E: Watson-Marlow Documentation
Attachment F: Kennedy (M&H) Valve Documentation
Attachment G: Milwaukee Valve Documentation
Attachment H: WATTS Documentation
cc: Steve Marquardt, Chief, Section 2, State and Tribal Programs Branch, Region 5 (sent via email)
Laura Cossa, State Program Lead, State and Tribal Programs Branch, Region 5 (sent via email)
Honorable Larry Thompson, Mayor, City of Nappanee, Indiana (sent via email)
Gale Gerber, Utilities Manager, City of Nappanee, Indiana (sent via email)
Al Stong, Project Manager, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
Brady Dryer, Compliance Manager, Commonwealth Engineers, Inc. (sent via email)
Kendra W. York, Public Finance Director, Indiana Finance Authority
Deborah Wright, General Counsel, State Revolving Fund Loan Program, Indiana Finance
Authority
12-R-0789
32

-------
Distribution
Office of the Administrator
Regional Administrator Region 5
Assistant Administrator for Water
Agency Follow-Up Official (the CFO)
Agency Follow-Up Coordinator
General Counsel
Associate Administrator for Congressional and Intergovernmental Relations
Associate Administrator for External Affairs and Environmental Education
Director, Grants and Interagency Agreements Management Division,
Office of Administration and Resources Management
Audit Follow-Up Coordinator, Region 5
Public Affairs Officer, Region 5
Director, Water Division, Region 5
Chief, State and Tribal Programs Branch, Region 5
Public Finance Director, Indiana Finance Authority, Indiana
Mayor, City of Nappanee, Indiana
Superintendent/Manager, Waste Water Utilities, City of Nappanee, Indiana
12-R-0789

-------