-------
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-3.5 FTE) This program change reflects a focus on high priority sites and a greater reliance
on self-monitoring by other federal agencies at low priority sites.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as
amended, §120.
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Homeland Security
412

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Homeland Security: Preparedness, Response, and Recovery
Program Area: Homeland Security
Goal: Core Mission
Objective(s): Revitalize Land and Prevent Contamination

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Science & Technology
$23,161.0
$23,298.0
$22,461.0
-$837.0
llii-urtlous Substance Supcrjund

SM.-lhl.n
S M. "2.l>
S 201.0
Total Budget Authority
$57,060.4
$54,759.0
$54,213.0
-$546.0
Total Workyears
128.9
127.4
127.1
-0.3
Program Project Description:
EPA leads or supports many aspects of preparing for and responding to a nationally significant
incident involving possible chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents.
The Homeland Security Preparedness, Response, and Recovery program implements a broad range
of activities for a variety of federal efforts, including national trainings; participation in national
interagency exercises with federal and state partners; support for headquarters and regional
Emergency Operations Centers; support for the Agency's continuity of operations devolution site
in EPA's Colorado office; enhancements for national information technology systems; secured
warehouse space for homeland security operations and storage; and laboratory analysis of
environmental samples and site decontamination projects. EPA's homeland security effort
develops these responsibilities through research and maintaining a level of expertise, training, and
preparedness specifically focused on threats associated with CBRN. This work is consistent with
the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) National Response Framework (NRF).
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 1/Objective 1.3, Revitalize Land and Prevent
Contamination in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, the Homeland Security
Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Program will:
•	Participate with federal response partners (such as DHS, the Department of Defense, and
the Department of Justice) on select interagency workgroups;
•	Operate the Airborne Spectral Photometric Environmental Collection Technology
(ASPECT) aircraft. ASPECT provides assistance to first responders by detecting chemical
and radiological vapors, plumes, and clouds with real-time data delivery;
•	Maintain mobile lab capabilities with support of EPA's Portable High-Throughput
Integrated Identification Systems (PHILIS) units. PHILIS can be deployed to sites for high
volume, quick turnaround analyses of chemical and biological capacity and capability;
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•	Provide expertise on environmental characterization, decontamination, and waste disposal
methods following the release of a CBRN agent;
•	Participate in trainings and exercises on CBRN preparedness and response topics;
•	Maintain operational support for the Emergency Management Portal and WebEOC
response systems;
•	Develop more effective site characterization, decontamination, waste management, and
clearance strategies for site reoccupation for priority chemical, biological, and radiological
threats to reduce time and cost for remediation; and
•	Continue development of sample collection protocols and analysis methods for inclusion
in the Selected Analytical Methods for Environmental Remediation and Recovery (SAM),
a compendium of methods and supporting sampling documents. The SAM provides
responders and Environmental Response Lab Networks the single best available sample
collection and analysis method.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(+$40.0) This change to fixed and other costs is an increase due to the recalculation of base
workforce costs due to adjustments in salary, essential workforce support, and benefit
costs.
•	(+$251.0) This program change is an increase to research related to analysis of chemical
agents, decision support for chemical agent remediation, fate and transport of chemical,
biological, or radiological (CBR) agents in the environment as well as research related to
the treatment of decontamination wash water.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), §§ 104,
105, and 106; Clean Water Act; Oil Pollution Act; Homeland Security Act of 2002.
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Homeland Security: Protection of EPA Personnel and Infrastructure
Program Area: Homeland Security
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$4,918.0
$5,336.0
$4,986.0
-$350.0
Science & Technology
$438.0
$446.0
$500.0
$54.0
Building and Facilities
$6,119.2
$6,631.0
$6,176.0
-$455.0
llii-urtlous Substance Supcrjund
.S / Jiff). 2
s'J.i-i.n
s'J.i-i.n
SUM
Total Budget Authority
$12,781.4
$13,347.0
$12,596.0
-$751.0
Total Workyears
5.9
12.2
12.2
0.0
Program Project Description:
The federal government develops and maintains Continuity of Operations (COOP) plans and
procedures that provide for the continued performance of its essential functions. The Homeland
Security COOP program works with other government and non-government organizations to
ensure that Mission Essential Functions (MEFs) and Primary Mission Essential Functions
(PMEFs) continue to be performed during emergency situations. The Department of Homeland
Security/Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Federal Continuity Directive
(FCD)-l requires EPA to develop a continuity plan that ensures that its ability to accomplish its
MEFs from an alternate site, during a national disaster, continues and that the Agency be able to
do so with limited staffing and without access to resources available during normal activities.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, EPA will undertake the
following:
•	Conduct selected annual reviews of regional COOP plans, PMEFs and MEFs, and make
updates as needed;
•	Monitor the continuity programs across the Agency, focusing on testing, training, and
exercises as related to general COOP awareness and procedures; and
•	Undergo a monthly evaluation of the headquarters COOP program, including Program
Plans and Procedures, Risk Management, Budgeting, and Essential Functions. Further,
FEMA performs an in-person biannual review of EPA's COOP program and provides the
results to the Administrator and to the Executive Office of the President.
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Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• There is no change in program funding.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), §§ 104,
105, 106; Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004; Homeland Security Act of
2002; Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat.
485 (codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
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Information Exchange / Outreach
417

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Exchange Network
Program Area: Information Exchange / Outreach
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Streamline and Modernize

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$16,483.8
$16,578.0
$11,784.0
-$4,794.0
llii-urtlous Substance Supcrjund
.S
.s uiv.n
.S/..?/<*.«
SUM
Total Budget Authority
$17,800.1
$17,897.0
$13,103.0
-$4,794.0
Total Workyears
28.7
30.2
30.2
0.0
Program Project Description:
EPA's Environmental Information Exchange Network (EN) is a standards-based, secure approach
for EPA and its state, tribal, and territorial partners to exchange and share environmental data over
the Internet. Previous provision of new technology and data standards, open-source software,
shared and portal services and reusable tools and applications have enabled EN partners to manage
and analyze environmental data more effectively and efficiently, leading to improved decision-
making.
The Central Data Exchange (CDX)5 is the largest component of the EN program and serves as the
point of entry on the EN for environmental data submissions to the Agency. CDX provides a set
of core shared services that promote a leaner and more cost-effective enterprise architecture for
the Agency by avoiding the creation of duplicative services. It also provides a set of value-added
features and services that enable faster and more efficient transactions for internal and external
clients of EPA, resulting in reduced burden.
CDX data exchange services are leveraged by EPA's programs, regions, states, tribes, territories
and other federal agencies to meet their different business needs. With CDX, a stakeholder can
submit data through one centralized point of access, exchange data with target systems using web
services and utilize publishing services to share information collected by EPA and other
stakeholders. By managing loosely connected and interoperable services, data exchange needs can
be met using one or all of the available services such as:
•	User registration;
•	External user identity management;
•	Electronic signature;
•	Encryption and transmission;
•	Virtual exchange services (VES); and
•	Data quality assurance.
5 For more information on the Central Data Exchange, please visit: http://www.epa.gov/cdx/.
418

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Working in conceit with CDX are EPA's System of Registries, which are centralized shared data
services to improve data quality in EPA, state, and tribal program data, while promoting burden
reduction for the reporting community. The following registries manage shared data centrally for
reuse by the following EN partners:
•	Facility Registry Service (FRS);
•	Substance Registry Services (SRS);
•	Tribes;
•	Laws and Regulations Services (LRS);
•	Terminology Services (TS);
•	Reusable Component Services (RCS);
•	Environmental Dataset Gateway (EDG);
•	Registry of EPA Applications, Models, and Databases (READ); and
•	Data Element Registry Services (DERS).
These shared data services catalog EPA and EN partner assets, from commonly regulated facilities
and substances to the current list of federally recognized tribes. They identify the standard or
official names for these assets, which when integrated into EPA and partner applications fosters
data consistency and data quality as well as enabling data integration. By integrating these shared
data services into their online reporting forms, EPA and its EN partners make it easier for the
reporting community to discover the correct information to submit, reducing burden, which
enables reuse by partner programs.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.4, Streamline and Modernize in EPA's
FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, EPA will continue to support core functions for the
Exchange Network IT systems. The potential for burden reduction and savings from IT
improvements are significant. Schedules and plans for upgrades and modernization will be
adjusted to align with resources. As part of the E-Enterprise business strategy, EPA will continue
to carry out the baseline support for the following projects under the Exchange Network program:
roll out of Federated Identity Management system for EPA and its partners; promote existing
shared facility and substance identification services that improve quality and reduce burden on
states and tribes; utilize current services for EPA's Laws and Regulations (LRS) registry, which
will standardize identification of and associations between regulations, laws, and EPA's programs;
and deploying established reusable electronic signature services to streamline Cross-Media
Electronic Reporting Regulation (CROMERR) compliance. Advancements in data transport
services, such as Virtual Exchange Services (VES), will continue to provide cloud-based solutions
for EPA's state and tribal partners. Examples of important enhancements that could greatly
streamline operations for states, tribes, industry and the Agency include a tool that helps industry
identify potentially applicable regulations, and electronic filing capacity for imports and exports
of environmentally sensitive products through the DHS/US Customs system, which reduces
processing time from days or weeks to minutes or days.
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In FY 2019, EPA will:
•	Support existing outreach activities to increase awareness of CROMERR services and the
savings to states and tribes from using these services; and
•	Approve essential CROMERR applications from authorized programs that propose to use
EPA's shared CROMERR services and assist co-regulators with integrating these services
into their systems.
CROMERR activities are intended to assist states and tribes in the development activities
associated with establishing a point of presence, exchanging data on the Network, and supporting
local electronic reporting programs in a more cost effective way.
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Exchange Network program under
the EPM appropriation.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	There is no change in program funding.
Statutory Authority:
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA); Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA); Clean Air Act (CAA); Clean Water Act
(CWA); Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA); Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide
Act (FIFRA); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); Government Performance and
Results Act (GPRA); Government Management Reform Act (GMRA); Clinger-Cohen Act (CCA);
Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA); Controlled Substances Act (CSA); The Privacy Act of 1974;
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).
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IT/ Data Management/ Security
421

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Information Security
Program Area: IT / Data Management / Security
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$9,166.5
$6,742.0
$13,755.0
$7,013.0
llii-urtlous Substance Supcrjund
VO-/.9
Sfififi.O
S5.IS6.0
S-l.520.0
Total Budget Authority
$9,821.4
$7,408.0
$18,941.0
$11,533.0
Total Workyears
21.6
14.3
12.8
-1.5
Program Project Description:
Information is a valuable national resource and a strategic asset to EPA. It enables the Agency to
fulfill its mission to protect human health and the environment. The Agency's Information Security
program is designed to protect the confidentiality, availability and integrity of EPA's information
assets. The information protection strategy includes, but is not limited to:
•	Policy, procedure and practice management;
•	Information security awareness, training and education;
•	Risk-based governance and oversight;
•	Weakness remediation;
•	Operational security management;
•	Incident response and handling; and
•	Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA) compliance and reporting.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. Cybersecurity is a serious challenge to our
nation's security and economic prosperity. EPA will maintain continuous monitoring of security
controls in FY 2019 and address increasing security threats and risks. Effective information
security requires vigilance and the ability to adapt to new challenges every day. EPA will continue
to manage information security risk and build upon efforts to protect, defend and look to improve
information security business processes to improve efficiency and effectiveness.
In FY 2019, EPA will continue to sustain some existing improvements. EPA expects to leverage
the Continuous Diagnostics and Mitigation (CDM) program to close existing gaps by improving
audit capabilities, ensuring accountability and adding protections directly associated with the
information. The requested funding is essential to maintain the mandated CDM capabilities. To
realize these improvements, the Agency will need to sustain the tools and processes implemented
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to date. The security architecture, associated processes, and expert personnel comprise an
ecosystem with cross dependencies, and the system is strongest when operating as a whole.
The CDM program, centrally managed by the Department of Homeland Security, provides tools
that will give near real-time awareness of EPA's networks and environments. CDM consists of
four implementation phases with an estimated cost of over $10 million in FY 2019 across all
appropriations once all capabilities are in place. Data from the individual agency dashboards across
the federal government will be aggregated into one federal-level dashboard maintained by the
CDM program, which allows DHS to monitor and respond to federal cybersecurity threats and
incidents much more quickly and efficiently. The Agency will continue to work with DHS to
implement future phases based on capacity. Costs of operating and maintaining CDM capabilities
are anticipated to increase significantly in FY 2019 as more capabilities come online. The Agency
will prioritize security capabilities based on an evaluation of evolving threats.
The Information Security program also will continue to detect and remediate the effects of
Advanced Persistent Threats to the Agency's information and information systems. The Agency
will continue to focus on training and user-awareness to foster desired behavior, asset definition
and management, compliance, incident management, knowledge and information management,
risk management and technology management. These efforts will strengthen the Agency's ability
to adequately protect information assets.
EPA will look to refine its Computer Security Incident Response Capability (CSIRC) processes to
support identification, response, alerting and reporting of suspicious activity. CSIRC's mission is
to protect EPA's information assets and respond to security incidents - actual and potential. This
includes detecting unauthorized attempts to access, destroy, or alter EPA's data and information
resources. CSIRC will maintain relationships with other federal agencies and law enforcement
entities, as needed, to support the Agency's mission. The incident response capability includes
components such as detection and analysis; forensics; and containment and eradication activities.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(+$2,505.0) This change to fixed and other costs is an increase needed for mandatory cyber
security requirements6, including CDM. Funding will be used to close existing gaps by
improving audit capabilities, ensuring accountability and adding protections directly
associated with the information. This change also supports CDM phase three which will
continue implementation in FY 2019.
•	(+$2,015.0) This program change reflects an increase in funding needed to continue
operations and maintenance previously provided by DHS for mandatory protections
6 Including those found in Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014, and Federal Information Security
Cybersecurity Act of 2015.
423

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implemented in CDM phase one and two focusing on endpoint integrity, least privilege
and infrastructure integrity.
Statutory Authority:
Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA); Government Performance and Results
Act (GPRA); Government Management Reform Act (GMRA); Clinger-Cohen Act (CCA);
Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA); the Privacy Act of 1974; Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).
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IT / Data Management
Program Area: IT / Data Management / Security
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$82,580.0
$83,179.0
$69,264.0
-$13,915.0
Science & Technology
$3,342.0
$3,068.0
$2,725.0
-$343.0
Utizurtlims Substance Siiperjuml
SN.ML5
SI J. '20.0
S/.i. '20.0
S 0.0
Total Budget Authority
$100,613.5
$99,967.0
$85,709.0
-$14,258.0
Total Workyears
441.0
498.3
457.9
-40.4
Program Project Description:
The work performed under the Information Technology/Data Management (IT/DM) program is
partially funded by the Superfund appropriation. The program supports human health and the
environment by providing critical IT infrastructure and data management needed for:
1)	Access to scientific, regulatory, policy and guidance information needed by the Agency,
the regulated community and the public;
2)	Analytical support for interpreting and understanding environmental information;
3)	Exchange and storage of data, analysis and computation; and
4)	Rapid, secure and efficient communication.
These areas are then organized into the following functional areas: information analysis and
access; data management and collection; information technology and infrastructure; and geospatial
information and analysis. This program supports the maintenance of EPA's IT and Information
Management (IT/IM) services that enable citizens, regulated facilities, states and other entities to
interact with EPA electronically to get the information they need on demand, to understand what
it means, and to submit and share environmental data with the least cost and burden. The program
also provides support to other agency IT development projects and essential technology to agency
staff, enabling them to conduct their work in support of Superfund programs effectively and
efficiently. In the context of the Federal Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act
(FITARA), EPA is bringing its IT acquisition, portfolio review, and governance processes together
to adopt practices that improve delivery of capability to users, drive down lifecycle costs, and
leverage shared services.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. EPA has progressively integrated new and
transformative approaches to the way IT is managed across the Agency. The goal of EPA's IT/DM
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services is to enhance the power of information by delivering on demand data to the right people
at the right time. In FY 2019, the program will strive to meet EPA's IT/IM service need while
continuously improving customer experiences to allow EPA, its partners and the public to acquire,
generate, manage, use and share information as a critical resource to protect human health and the
environment. To accomplish this, the program will focus available capacity on the following areas:
•	Improve the way EPA supports and manages the lifecycle of information and information
products;
•	Modernize EPA's IT/IM infrastructure, applications and services;
•	Empower a mobile workforce using innovative and agile solutions; and
•	Empower state and tribal partnerships using innovative and agile solutions.
In FY 2019, EPA will continue to implement the E-Enterprise business strategy, a transformative
21st century strategy - jointly governed by states, tribes, and EPA - for modernizing government
agencies' delivery of services to support the protection of human health and the environment. EPA
is building on progress made using E-Enterprise for the Environment, a platform for transformative
change that operationalizes cooperative federalism principles. EPA's E-Enterprise partnership
with states and tribes modernizes the way we do the business of environmental protection. IT/DM
activities will continue to facilitate shared services and electronic transactions with the regulated
community and external partners who routinely conduct environmental business with EPA. The
Agency will use E-Enterprise to deliver streamlined processes as well as accessible, reliable
information and data that benefit co-regulators and the regulated community.
In FY 2019, EPA will continue to implement its IT acquisition review process as part of the
implementation of federal Common Baseline Controls for FITARA. In addition, FITARA controls
include an established solid communication and engagement strategy for the CIO with the
Agency's programs and regional offices to ensure that their IT plans are well designed, directly
drive agency strategic objectives, and follow best practices. Lastly, the controls ensure the CIO
engages closely with key IT decision-makers across EPA and fosters plans to refresh IT skills
within the Agency.
In FY 2019, the following IT/DM activities will continue to be provided for the Superfund
program:
•	Data Management and Collection: Data Management and Collection efforts include
support for a variety of essential information management. For example, the National
Records Management Program provides the framework within which program/regional
records activities are conducted. These national activities include providing regulations,
policies/procedures, coordination, and support to help fulfill EPA's statutory obligations
to maintain records. Records management activities will be prioritized to align with
available resources. Additionally, Discovery Services technology will continue to support
the search/collection of agency information needed to help respond to requests for
information from external stakeholders. Since October 2002, EPA has served as the
managing partner of the interagency shared service e-Rulemaking Program; however, in
FY 2019 EPA will work with the Office of Management and Budget and the National
426

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Archives and Records Administration (NARA) towards transferring management services
to the NARA/Office of the Federal Register.
•	Digital Services: The FY 2019 budget includes funding to continue modest transformation
of EPA's digital services to make them more cost-effective for the Agency to build and
maintain. This includes some support to develop cloud computing approaches for the
Agency.
•	Geospatial: In addition to meeting ongoing program needs, Geospatial information and
analysis play a critical role in the Agency's ability to respond rapidly and effectively in
times of emergency. In FY 2019, the Agency will continue to support the essential
capabilities of GeoPlatform, a shared technology enterprise for geospatial information and
analysis. By implementing geospatial data, applications and services, the Agency is able to
integrate and interpret multiple data sets and information sources to support environmental
decisions. During FY 2019, the Agency will continue to focus on Geoplatform data
services, dashboards and story boards based on provided geographic information to support
programmatic analysis and decision making. It also will better inform the public about
EPA's use of grant funding to protect the environment and public health. In FY 2019, EPA
also will provide support to the Geoplatform to publish internal and public mapping tools
and make available a number of shareable maps, geodata services, and applications. EPA
will continue to play a role in both the Federal Geographic Data Committee and the
National Geospatial Platform, working with partner agencies to share geospatial
technology capabilities across government.
•	Information Access and Analysis: In FY 2019, EPA will focus on providing core support
to agency infrastructure and utilizing tools that will harness the power of data across the
Agency to drive better environmental decision making. The Agency will pause efforts to
replace the data management functionality in the legacy Envirofacts data warehouse. EPA
will provide partnership support to other agencies, states, tribes and academic institutions
to propose innovative ways to use, analyze and visualize data.
In addition, the program will provide support for maintenance of E-Enterprise capabilities
and will provide analysis of environmental information to the public and EPA's staff. The
program will continue to ensure compliance of EPA's public systems with Section 508 of
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
•	Information Technology and Infrastructure: In FY 2019, the Agency will continue to
maintain essential information technology and infrastructure. The Agency will adjust the
schedule for replacement or upgrades to align with resources. EPA will continue to
maintain and provision: desktop computing equipment, network connectivity, e-mail and
collaboration tools, application hosting, remote access, telephone services, web and
network services, and other IT-related equipment. In FY 2019, the Agency will continue
efforts to consolidate EPA's data centers and computer rooms and to optimize operations
within EPA's remaining data centers.
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Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-2.5 FTE) This program change reflects a reduction in support for enterprise IT
systems/tools and emergency response.
Statutory Authority:
Modernizing Government Technology (MGT) Act; Federal Information Security Management
Act (FISMA); Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA); Clean Air Act (CAA); Clean Water Act (CWA); Toxic Substances Control Act
(TSCA); Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); Food Quality Protection
Act (FQPA); Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA); Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA); Government Management Reform
Act (GMRA); Clinger-Cohen Act (CCA); Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA); Freedom of
Information Act (FOIA); Controlled Substances Act (CSA).
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Legal / Science / Regulatory / Economic Review
429

-------
Legal Advice: Environmental Program
Program Area: Legal / Science / Regulatory / Economic Review
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Create Consistency and Certainty

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$52,889.7
$49,657.0
$42,292.0
-$7,365.0
llii-urtlous Substance Superfund
ViV/.J
Y"~.»
Y"~.«
SUM
Total Budget Authority
$53,580.9
$50,234.0
$42,869.0
-$7,365.0
Total Workyears
277.4
274.6
221.8
-52.8
Program Project Description:
This program provides legal representation, legal counseling and legal support for environmental
activities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA). Funding supports legal advice needed in the Superfund program's extensive work
with Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs) and other entities and landowners. For example, this
program provides legal analysis and advice to help inform EPA's decisions regarding the
assessment of certain contaminants at a given Superfund site under federal law, and a party's
potential liability under CERCLA.
This program supports EPA's Superfund work at thousands of sites spanning the wide array of
Superfund legal issues regarding removal and remedial cleanups costing billions of dollars. This
program is essential to providing the high quality legal work to ensure that EPA's decisions are
defensible and upheld by the courts against judicial challenges.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.2, Create Consistency and Certainty in
EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, the program will prioritize its legal support
capabilities to focus support on high profile and critical CERCLA cases for the Superfund
program. The program will work within available resources to support CERCLA activities, to
include analyzing defensibility of Agency actions, drafting significant portions of agency actions,
and participating in litigation in defense of agency actions.
This program is critical to the Superfund program in a multitude of ways. For example, in support
of Goal 1 of EPA's Strategic Plan (Deliver real results to provide Americans with clean air, land
and water) this program provides legal advice and counseling for final rules adding Superfund
sites to the National Priorities List.
The following examples illustrate this program's important role in implementing the Agency's
core priorities and mission.
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•	Participated in and provided legal counsel on the Administrator's Superfund Initiative Task
Force including the development of the Task Force Report.
•	Provided critical legal support and advice to the Superfund Remedial, Removal and
Enforcement programs on complex, high visibility, expensive Superfund cleanups, such as
Portland Harbor.
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Legal Advice: Environmental
Program under the EPM appropriation.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continue Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	There is no change in program funding.
Statutory Authority:
Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat. 485
(codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
431

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Alternative Dispute Resolution
Program Area: Legal / Science / Regulatory / Economic Review
Goal: Cooperative Federalism
Objective(s): Enhance Shared Accountability

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$1,142.0
$1,015.0
$0.0
-$1,015.0
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so.o

Total Budget Authority
$1,733.3
$1,682.0
$0.0
-$1,682.0
Total Workyears
7.5
6.7
0.0
-6.7
Program Project Description:
EPA's General Counsel and Regional Counsel Offices provide environmental Alternative Dispute
Resolution (ADR) services and workplace conflict prevention. EPA utilizes ADR as a method for
preventing or resolving conflicts prior to engaging in formal litigation. ADR includes the provision
of legal counsel, facilitation, mediation and consensus building advice and support. This program
oversees a strategically-sourced contract for these services that provides mediation, facilitation,
public involvement, training, and organizational development support to all headquarters and
regional programs.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Resources and FTE are proposed for elimination for this program in FY 2019.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-$667.0/ -1.4 FTE) This program change eliminates the centralization of the conflict
prevention and ADR program. Programs across the Agency may pursue ADR support
services and training individually.
Statutory Authority:
Administrative Dispute Resolution Act (ADRA) of 1996; Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1996;
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), §§ 111,
117, 122; Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat.
485 (codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
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Operations and Administration
433

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Acquisition Management
Program Area: Operations and Administration
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$31,042.0
$30,803.0
$25,438.0
-$5,365.0
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
$144.7
$146.0
$138.0
-$8.0
Utizurtlims Substance Siiperjuml
S2 2.103.1
N 2I.2V/I.O
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S 0.0
Total Budget Authority
$53,289.8
$52,245.0
$46,872.0
-$5,373.0
Total Workyears
277.0
304.5
259.5
-45.0
Program Project Description:
Superfund resources in the Acquisition Management program support the Agency's contracts
activities for Superfund Emergency Response and Removal, Remedial, Emergency Preparedness,
and Federal Facilities Response programs. These resources enable the Agency to assess and
cleanup Superfund sites, as well as prepare and respond to natural disasters and terrorist incidents.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, EPA will continue to process
contract actions in accordance with Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and guidance from the
Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP). With its contract expiring in FY 2019, EPA will
evaluate options for replacing EPA's Acquisition System (EAS) with a government-wide shared
services contract writing system. EPA will target a strategic, government wide solution that
leverages economies of scale using the shared knowledge and processes from other federal
agencies. The Agency will focus on a solution that reduces costs while increasing efficiency by
standardizing federal procurement planning, contract award, administration, and close-out
processes.
In FY 2019, EPA will continue to implement Best-in-Class (BIC) solutions to identify pre-vetted,
government-wide contracts as part of the Agency's effort to utilize more mature, market-proven
acquisition vehicles.7 Through BIC solutions, EPA will leverage acquisition experts to optimize
spending within the government-wide category management framework and increase the
transactional data available for agency level analysis of buying behaviors. In FY 2019, EPA also
will continue to maximize its Strategic Sourcing Program (SSP), thereby enhancing purchase
coordination, improving price uniformity and knowledge-sharing, and leveraging small business
capabilities to meet acquisition goals.
7 For additional information, refer to: https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitdiouse.gov/files/omb/memoranda/2017/M-17-
29.pdf Best-in-Class Mandatory Solution -Package Delivery Services.
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The SSP also allows the Agency to research, assess, and award contract vehicles that
will maximize time and resource savings. The SSP serves as a foundation for effective financial
and resource management because it simplifies the acquisition process and reduces costs. Long-
term implementation of the SSP can transform the Agency's acquisition process into a strategically
driven function, ensuring maximum value for every acquisition dollar spent. The Agency has
established a goal of obtaining at least five percent savings for all strategically sourced categories
of goods and services. Through FY 2017, EPA has saved approximately $10 million from strategic
sourcing initiatives focused on VoIP, laboratory supplies, print, cellular services, shipping, office
supplies, equipment maintenance, and software. In FY 2019, EPA anticipates between $4 and $4.5
million in savings. In FY 2019, EPA will continue to focus on implementing the Financial
Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act (FITARA) by:
•	Avoiding vendor lock-in by letting contracts with multiple vendors or confining the scope
of the contract to a limited task; and
•	Developing acquisition vehicles that support the Agency in FITARA implementation.
In FY 2019, EPA also will continue supporting the Superfund Remedial Acquisition Framework
(RAF), which modifies EPA's existing approach for acquiring services to support the Superfund
Remedial program. In addition to providing a variety of acquisition tools for Superfund remedial
services, RAF aligns with government-wide directives, maximizes competition to realize cost
efficiency, strengthens the Agency's contract management processes, and helps to improve
efficiency across the Superfund Remedial program.
Performance Measure Targets:
(PRl) Percentage of contract actions processed within the Procurement Action Lead
Time (PALT) Standards.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
SA: 75%
CP: 65%
FAA: 80%
SA: 80%
CP: 70%
FAA: 85%

(PR2) Acquisition costs avoided through use of strategic sourcing.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
$3,000,000
$4,000,000
SA: Simplified Acquisitions; CP: Competitive Proposals; FAA: Funding and Administrative Actions
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-15.0 FTE) This net program change reflects a focus on essential activities (e.g.,
processing contractual actions, implementing BIC solutions, maximizing EPA's Strategic
Sourcing Program), and includes changes to fixed and other costs.
435

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Statutory Authority:
Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act; Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as
amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat. 485 (codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
436

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Central Planning, Budgeting, and Finance
Program Area: Operations and Administration
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$73,003.2
$71,493.0
$68,635.0
-$2,858.0
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
$373.2
$404.0
$420.0
$16.0
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-.S1 V3.it
Total Budget Authority
$95,887.8
$93,242.0
$90,207.0
-$3,035.0
Total Workyears
450.5
493.4
430.6
-62.8
Program Project Description:
EPA's financial management community maintains a strong partnership with the Superfund
program. EPA's Office of the Chief Financial Officer (OCFO) recognizes and supports this
continuing partnership by providing a full array of financial management support services and
systems necessary to pay Superfund bills and recoup cleanup and oversight costs for the Trust
Fund. EPA's OCFO manages Superfund activities under the Central Planning, Budgeting and
Finance program in support of integrated planning, budget formulation and execution, financial
management, performance and accountability processes, financial cost recovery, and the systems
to ensure effective stewardship of Superfund resources. This program supports the requirements
of the Digital Accountability and Transparency (DATA) Act of 2014 and the Federal Information
Technology Acquisition Reform Act (FITARA) of 2015.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. EPA will continue to provide resource
stewardship to ensure that all agency programs operate with fiscal responsibility and management
integrity, financial services are efficiently and consistently delivered nationwide, and programs
demonstrate results. EPA will continue to provide direction and support for the Superfund program
in financial management activities; implementing cost accounting requirements; financial payment
and support services; and Superfund-specific fiscal and accounting services. EPA will maintain
key planning, budgeting, and financial management activities. EPA will sustain basic operations
and maintenance of core agency financial management systems: Compass, PeoplePlus (Time and
Attendance), Budget Formulation System and related financial reporting systems.
EPA will continue to modernize and streamline business processes and operations to promote
transparency and efficiency. The program will apply Lean principles and leverage input from
customer-focused councils, advisory groups and technical workgroups to continue improving as a
437

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high performance organization. EPA will standardize and streamline internal business processes
and use additional federal and/or internal shared services when supported by business case
analysis.
In FY 2019, the program will continue to focus on core responsibilities in the areas of strategic
planning and budget preparation; financial reporting; transaction processing and Superfund Cost
Recovery. The program will continue to implement FITARA requirements in accordance with
EPA's Implementation Plan.8 The Chief Information Officer will continue to be engaged
throughout the budget planning process to ensure that IT needs are properly planned and resourced
in accordance with FITARA.
In FY 2019, the Agency will focus on the modernization of the Superfund Cost Recovery Package
Imaging and On-Line System (SCORPIOS) to improve EPA's ability to recover costs from
polluters. This necessary modernization will enhance EPA's ability to record and produce financial
documentation for cost recovery packages and better align with EPA's technology stack and
security standards and guidelines. In addition, investments will improve the ability of the Agency
to manage and retrieve supporting cost documentation at the site/regional level. As a result, EPA
will be able to support services necessary to: pay Superfund bills, recoup cleanup/ oversight costs
for the Trust Fund, and provide effective stewardship of resources. This effort will reduce licensing
costs and ongoing operations and maintenance costs.
EPA is dedicated to reducing fraud, waste, and abuse and strengthening internal controls over
improper payments. Since the implementation of the Improper Payments Information Act of 2002,
EPA has reviewed, sampled, and monitored its Superfund contract payments to protect against
erroneous payments. The Agency's payment streams are consistently well under the government-
wide threshold of 1.5 percent and $10 million of estimated improper payments. EPA conducts risk
assessments in its principal payment streams, including grants, contracts, commodities, payroll,
travel, and purchase cards. When overpayments are identified, they are promptly recovered. EPA
has expanded its risk assessments, performed statistical sampling, set appropriate
reduction/recovery targets, and implemented corrective action plans. The Agency conducts these
activities to reduce the potential for improper payments and ensure compliance with the Improper
Payments Information Act, as amended by the Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act
of 2010 (P.L. 111-204) and the Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act of 2012 (P.L.
112-248).
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Central Planning, Budgeting, and
Finance program under the EPM appropriation.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-$193.0/ -12.1 FTE) This net program change streamlines efforts in the areas of strategic
planning, budget preparation, financial reporting and transaction processing, and includes
changes to fixed and other costs.
8 For more information: http://www.epa.gov/open/fitara-implemeatation-plan-and-chief-information-officer-assignment-pli
438

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Statutory Authority:
Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat. 485
(codified as Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
439

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Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Program Area: Operations and Administration
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$293,997.9
$305,844.0
$300,738.0
-$5,106.0
Science & Technology
$64,642.7
$67,875.0
$68,834.0
$959.0
Building and Facilities
$26,065.5
$27,602.0
$33,377.0
$5,775.0
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
$502.2
$793.0
$773.0
-$20.0
Inland Oil Spill Pinmanis
$376.2
S5S0 0
$665.0
SS5 0
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
N ftV.fol.J
$75,985.0
S '4.144.0
-SI.X4I.0
Total Budget Authority
$455,235.8
$478,679.0
$478,531.0
-$148.0
Total Workyears
323.4
356.7
318.0
-38.7
Program Project Description:
Superfund resources in the Facilities Infrastructure and Operations program fund the Agency's
rent, utilities, and security. This program also supports centralized administrative activities and
support services, including health and safety, environmental compliance and management,
facilities maintenance and operations, space planning, sustainable facilities and energy
conservation planning and support, property management, printing, mail, and transportation
services. Funding is allocated for such services among the major appropriations for the Agency.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, EPA will continue to invest
to reconfigure EPA's workspaces, enabling the Agency to release office space and reduce long-
term rent costs, consistent with HR 4465,9 the Federal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016.
Between FY 2015 and FY 2019 EPA will have released over 850,000 square feet of space
nationwide, resulting in a cumulative annual rent avoidance of nearly $30 million across all
appropriations. These savings help offset EPA's escalating rent and security costs. Currently
planned consolidations through 2019 will allow EPA to release an estimated 306,000 square feet
of space. For FY 2019, the Agency is requesting $46.53 million for rent, $2.22 million for utilities,
and $6.93 million for security in the Superfund appropriation.
9 For additional information, refer to: https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/4465. Federal Assets Sale and
Transfer Act of 2016.
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At the requested resource levels, EPA will continue to manage lease agreements with GSA and
other private landlords, maintain EPA facilities, fleet, equipment, and fund costs associated with
utilities and building security needs. EPA also will meet regulatory Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) obligations and provide health and safety training to field staff
(e.g., inspections, monitoring, On-Scene Coordinators), and track capital equipment of $25
thousand or more.
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations program under the EPM appropriation.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(+$954.0) This net change to fixed and other costs is an increase due to the recalculation
of base workforce costs for existing FTE due to adjustments in salary, essential workforce
support, and benefit costs.
•	(+$5,008.0) This change to fixed and other costs rebalances funding proportions across
major appropriation accounts.
•	(-$7,803.0/ -2.3 FTE) This program change reflects a reduction in programs associated
with environmental management systems, comprehensive facility energy audits, re-
commissioning, and sustainable building design, and reflects the net change in agency
activities in FY 2019 including:
o support for employee wellness and worklife initiatives such as federal cost sharing for
health wellness and CPR/AED training services, and libraries;
o preventative maintenance of facilities, equipment, and vehicle fleet;
o custodial services; and
o EPA's mail delivery services.
Statutory Authority:
Federal Property and Administration Services Act; Public Building Act; Robert T. Stafford
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act; Clean Water Act; Clean Air Act; Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA); National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA); Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act
(CERFA); Energy Policy Act of 2005; Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as
amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat. 485 (codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
441

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Financial Assistance Grants / IAG Management
Program Area: Operations and Administration
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$24,444.8
$25,416.0
$18,986.0
-$6,430.0
lltizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
S 2.W.-I
S 2.0H.0
S 2.011.0
so.o
Total Budget Authority
$27,442.2
$28,027.0
$21,597.0
-$6,430.0
Total Workyears
152.4
161.2
115.7
-45.5
Program Project Description:
Superfund resources in the Financial Assistance Grants and Interagency Agreement (IA)
Management program support the management of grants and IAs, and suspension and debarment
activities. Resources in this program ensure that EPA's management of grants and IAs meets the
highest fiduciary standards, that grant and IA funding produces measurable results for
environmental programs, and that the suspension and debarment program effectively protects the
government's business interest. These objectives are critically important for the Superfund
program, as a substantial portion of the program is implemented through IAs with the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers and the Coast Guard.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and
Effectiveness in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In accordance with the overarching 2016-
2020 EPA Grants Management Plan (GMP), and EPA's Strategic Plan, EPA will continue to
implement activities to achieve efficiencies while enhancing quality and accountability. EPA will
invest to modernize grant and IA IT systems by:
•	Completing the migration away from aging Lotus Notes technology. For Grants, EPA is
evaluating a federal Centers of Excellence solution for comprehensive and cost-effective
grants management. EPA is targeting a platform that will streamline and standardize
Agency processes, using the shared knowledge from other cabinet level and independent
agencies. EPA is currently evaluating solutions based on their access to information,
services, and reporting while enhancing the overall user experience. For IAs, EPA will
integrate business solution using EPA's Interagency Document Online Tracking System
(1DOTS).
•	Eliminating reliance on paper for records and improving records management. For Grants,
EPA will identify a solution that adopts electronic records management capabilities. For
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IAs, EPA will integrate with the Agency's internal electronic records management tool
(ECMS) using Documentum technology.
•	Strengthening decision making with improved and standardized reporting capabilities. For
Grants, EPA will centralize common reporting tools and other capabilities through a
standardized platform. For IAs, EPA will consolidate technology and capabilities to
leverage the Agency's existing financial reporting system.
In addition to IT-related investments, the GMP focuses on reducing the administrative burden on
EPA and grants recipients, and on improving grants management procedures. Specifically, the
Agency will continue to: 1) fully implement the streamlining reforms in OMB's Uniform Grants
Guidance; 2) streamline EPA's grants management by ensuring policies conform to a new
comprehensive framework; 3) review, refine, and streamline Lean grants management processes;
and 4) Implement Lean recommendations for Intergovernmental Review (IR), which includes
reducing the number of programs that require IR, automating the IR process as much as possible,
and superseding/archiving EPA's IR policy. This will ensure that EPA is compliant with IR
requirements without placing additional burden on EPA staff and applicants.
EPA is a recognized leader in suspension and debarment. The Agency will continue to make
aggressive use of discretionary debarments and suspensions as well as statutory debarments under
the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act to protect the government's business interests. In FY 2019,
EPA will focus suspension and debarment activity to the most egregious violations. Congress and
federal courts have long recognized federal agencies' inherent authority and obligation to exclude
non-responsible parties from eligibility to receive government contracts and non-procurement
awards (for example: grants, cooperative agreements, loans, and loan guarantees). A number of
recent federal statutes, GAO reports, and OMB directives require that federal agencies administer
effective suspension and debarment programs in order to protect taxpayers from bad actors.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(-2.4 FTE) This program change reflects expected efficiencies in the processing of grant
and IA awards, lower requested grant funding levels throughout the Agency and a review
of unliquidated obligations. EPA will target funds to core grant and IA activities.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA);
Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L. 98-80, 97 Stat. 485
(codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute); Federal Grant and Cooperative Agreement Act;
Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act, § 2455.
443

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Human Resources Management
Program Area: Operations and Administration
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Environmental Program & Management
$50,608.8
$43,930.0
$40,860.0
-$3,070.0
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
Si J SO. I
S \VV~.H
S 5.4VM
-S500JI
Total Budget Authority
$55,988.9
$49,927.0
$46,357.0
-$3,570.0
Total Workyears
249.5
247.9
223.8
-24.1
Program Project Description:
Superfund resources for the Human Resources (HR) Management program support human capital
activities throughout EPA. As requirements and initiatives change, EPA continually evaluates and
improves the Superfund program's human resource functions in recruitment, hiring, and
workforce development to help the Agency achieve its mission and maximize employee
productivity and job satisfaction.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.5, Improve Efficiency and Effectiveness in
EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. Effective workforce management is critical to EPA's ability
to accomplish its mission. EPA's efforts in HR enterprise risk management include: attracting and
retaining a high-performing, diverse workforce; implementing training and development
programs; delivering employee services; streamlining HR processes; and strengthening
performance management, labor, and employee relations programs. EPA will continue to support
efforts that increase the quality of core operations, improve productivity, and achieve cost savings
in mission-support functions including human capital management.
In FY 2019, the Agency will continue to strengthen its performance management activities,
including implementing the Agency's performance management plan. EPA will procure and
deploy a learning management system through the Department of Interior's Interior Business
Center or the Office of Personnel Management. The system will assist in developing and delivering
management tools, targeting and providing timely and high-impact training that streamlines
administrative functions, leverages EPA's First Line Supervisors Advisory Group, and assists with
organizing mentoring on an as-needed basis.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
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FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (-$500.0) This program change reflects a focus on core human capital activities (e.g.,
deliver employee services; streamline HR processes; and strengthen performance
management); modifies schedules for enhancements and/or maintenance of EPA's HR IT
Systems and EPA's University portal that provides online training and professional
development; and reduces centrally-provided, non-mandatory training.
Statutory Authority:
Title 5 of the U.S.C.; Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970, 84 Stat. 2086, as amended by Pub. L.
98-80, 97 Stat. 485 (codified at Title 5, App.) (EPA's organic statute).
445

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Research: Sustainable Communities
446

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Research: Sustainable and Healthy Communities
Program Area: Research: Sustainable Communities
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Prioritize Robust Science

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Science & Technology
$142,429.1
$133,415.0
$52,549.0
-$80,866.0
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
$358.0
$318.0
$320.0
$2.0
Inland Oil Spill Programs
$65^ 4
$659.0
$516.0
-SI4^ 0
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
$12,717.6
SU.Jfl5.lt
SI0,,S,S5.0
-S 500.(1
Total Budget Authority
$156,158.1
$145,777.0
$64,270.0
-$81,507.0
Total Workyears
459.7
476.3
294.1
-182.2
Program Project Description:
This area of EPA's Sustainable and Healthy Communities (SHC) research program responds
directly to the Superfund law requirements for a comprehensive and coordinated Federal "program
of research, evaluation, testing, development, and demonstration of alternative or innovative
treatment technologies...which may be utilized in response actions to achieve more permanent
protection of human health and welfare and the environment."10
SHC's research under the Superfund appropriation provides federal, regional and community
decision-makers with: engineering tools, methods and information to assess current conditions at
Superfund sites; decision support tools to evaluate the implications of alternative remediation
approaches and technologies, and reuse of sites; the latest science to support policy development
and implementation; and, rapid access to technical support through EPA's Superfund Technical
Support Centers.
Recent accomplishments of the SHC program include:
•	Superfund Engineering Technical Support Center (ETSC): While the volume changes
depending on site requirements, the ETSC typically addresses more than 300 requests each
fiscal year. These requests serviced both National Priorities List Superfund and Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) sites. The ETSC also prepared Engineering
Impact Papers on six critical topics of broad application to site remediation across the
U.S.11
•	Superfund Groundwater Technical Support Center (GWTSC): The GWTSC consists
of a broad base of scientists and engineers who provide help with subsurface
10	42 U.S.C. § 9660(b).
11	For more information, see: https://www.epa. gov/supeifund/supeifund-techiiical-support-and-resource-centers.
447

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contamination, contaminant fluxes from groundwater to other media, and ecosystem
restoration issues. The center services National Priorities List and RCRA sites, typically
responding to about 100 requests for assistance each fiscal year.12
• Workshops on Emerging Remediation Technologies and Approaches: The ETSC also
is collaborating with state and other federal partners to hold workshops on emerging
remediation technologies and approaches. For example, the ETSC worked with the State
of California, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the U.S. Geological
Survey to provide a phytoremediation workshop in the third quarter of FY 2017 for federal,
state and local stakeholders in Mountain View, CA.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 3/Objective 3.3, Prioritize Robust Science in EPA's
FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. EPA research personnel and associated support staff will analyze
existing research data on vapor intrusion, contaminated groundwater and sediments, and
innovative technologies for site characterization and remediation and publish scientific journal
articles to disseminate findings associated with the data.
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Sustainable and Healthy
Communities Program under the S&T appropriation.
EPA is reconstituting a subcommittee under ORD's Board of Scientific Counselors (BOSC) for
the SHC program to evaluate its performance and provide feedback to the Agency. The SHC
program will meet regularly with both the BOSC and Science Advisory Board (SAB) over the next
several years to seek their input on topics related to research program design, science quality,
innovation, relevance and impact. This includes advising EPA on its strategic research direction
midway through the 4-year cycle of Strategic Research Action Plans (StRAPs).
EPA collaborates with the National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Department
of Energy, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the White House's Office of Science and
Technology Policy to assess research performance. EPA's Office of Research and Development
(ORD's) state engagement program is designed to inform states about ORD's research programs
and role within EPA, and to enable ORD to better understand the science needs of state
environmental agencies. Key partners at the state level include the Environmental Council of the
States, with its Environmental Research Institute of the States and the Interstate Technology and
Regulatory Council, as well as state media associations such as the Association of State and
Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials. EPA supports the interagency Science and
Technology in America's Reinvestment, Measuring the Effect of Research on Innovation,
Competitiveness and Science (STAR METRICS) efforts.13
12	For more information, see: https://www.epa.gov/superfmd/superfmd-techaical-support-and-resource-centers.
13	STAR METRICS: h ttps://www.starmetrics.nih.gov/.
448

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FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(-$124.0) This net change to fixed and other costs is a decrease due to the recalculation of
base workforce costs due to adjustments in salary, essential workforce support, and benefit
costs.
•	(-$376.0) This program change streamlines the Agency's scientific and engineering
expertise provided to address environmental problems via the three Technical Support
Centers.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) §§ 102,
104(i), 105(a)(4), 311(c); Superfund Amendments Reauthorization Act of 1986, §§ 209(a), 403.
449

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Research: Chemical Safety and Sustainability
450

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Human Health Risk Assessment
Program Area: Research: Chemical Safety and Sustainability
Goal: Rule of Law and Process
Objective(s): Prioritize Robust Science

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Science & Technology
$40,506.5
$37,554.0
$22,267.0
-$15,287.0
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
S 3.II2IK5
S2.,Wxf>
S 5.1/21.It
S 2.210.1)
Total Budget Authority
$43,527.0
$40,359.0
$27,288.0
-$13,071.0
Total Workyears
169.2
177.6
111.6
-66.0
Program Project Description:
EPA's Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) research program supports the risk assessment
needs of the Agency's Superfund programs and regional risk assessors by providing Provisional
Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values (PPRTVs), rapid risk assessments to respond to emergent
scenarios, and technical guidance on their application. These assessment tools and activities
support risk-based management decisions at contaminated Superfund and hazardous waste sites.
Scientists in the HHRA program synthesize the available scientific information on the potential
health and environmental impacts of exposures to individual chemicals and chemical mixtures that
are in the environment to assist in the Agency's chemical safety work. Results include:
•	Improvements in environmental and human health in the vicinity of Superfund sites;
•	Reduction or reversal of damages to natural resources;
•	Reduction of harm in emergency situations;
•	Improved economic conditions and quality of life in communities affected by hazardous
waste sites;
•	Improved environmental practices by industry;
•	Advances in science and technology.
Priorities for PPRTV development are based on the needs of the Agency's Land and Emergency
Management program and are evaluated annually. Applying new data streams, read-across
approaches, and computational tools to enhance the supporting data/knowledge bases and
efficiency of derivation for PPRTV values are active areas of research in the HHRA program.
Lessons learned from this research will be leveraged and applied to other assessments in support
of TSCA implementation.
Communities near Superfund sites or in emergency situations are faced with an urgent need for
coordinated assistance to assess and address issues of environmental contamination. Additionally,
these communities are now presented with new sensing or monitoring information that are difficult
451

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to interpret and apply to decision making. The HHRA program develops approaches to respond to
these emerging, often crisis-level, environmental contamination issues with scientific information
that supports quick action, decisions and effective solutions. The HHRA program anticipates
developing new assessment approaches by means of an expanded product line to enhance rapid
response and screening capabilities and to augment toxicity value derivation procedures for health
assessments.
Recent accomplishments in the HHRA Research Program include:
•	Completed 12 Provisional Peer-reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV) documents based on
needs and priorities of EPA's Superfund program.
•	Fielded more than 40 requests for scientific support on human and ecological assessment
via the Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center (STSC) and Ecological Risk
Assessment Support Center (ERASC).
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program supports Goal 3/Objective 3.3 to Prioritize Robust Science in EPA's
FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. The HHRA program's work in FY 2019 will focus explicitly on
efforts integral to achieving the Administrator's priorities and informing the Agency's
implementation of key environmental regulations. Examples of this work include:
•	Portfolio of Chemical Evaluation Products: Assessments that support policy and
regulatory decisions for EPA's programs and regions, and state agencies, will be
consolidated into a portfolio of Chemical Evaluation products that optimize the application
of best available science and technology. These tailored 'fit-for-purpose' products will be
shaped for use by partners, including EPA's program and regional offices, states, and other
federal agencies.
•	Linking Databases and Management Tools: HHRA will continue to collaborate with the
Chemical Safety for Sustainability (CSS) research program to link the architecture of
assessment databases and literature management tools, including Health and
Environmental Research Online (HERO), with the RapidTox Dashboard being developed
in CSS. This integration can be used to inform assessment development and fill gaps in
assessments, especially for data poor chemicals.
•	Provisional Peer-reviewed Toxicity Values (PPRTV) Assessments: Provide additional
PPRTV assessments as prioritized by the Land and Emergency Management program to
support risk-based decision making at Superfund sites and hazardous waste sites, as
resources allow. This work improves EPA's ability to make decisions and address site
related environmental health problems.
•	Rapid Risk Assessments: Continue essential technical assistance across EPA to provide
rapid risk assessments. This will combine problem formulation and state-of-the-art
exposure information and tools with hazard information, chiefly through the continued
452

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improvement of the derivation basis for PPRTVs for evaluating chemical specific
exposures at Superfund sites, and by evaluating case-specific information related to
emergent situations.
The Agency is currently reviewing the IRIS program to ensure it supports the Agency's highest
priority public health decision-making, and its role in supporting the TSCA program.
Performance Measure Targets:
Work under this program supports performance results in the Human Health Risk Assessment
program under the S&T appropriation.
EPA has established a standing subcommittee under EPA's Board of Scientific Counselors
(BOSC) for the Chemical Safety for Sustainability and Human Health Risk Assessment National
Research Programs that will be utilized to evaluate the HHRA program as part of its performance
and provide feedback to the Agency. EPA will meet regularly with the BOSC to seek their input
on topics related to research program design, science quality, innovation, relevance and impact.
This includes advising EPA on developing its strategic research direction and Strategic Research
Action Plans for FY 2019-2022.
ORD's state engagement program is designed to inform states about ORD's research programs
and role within EPA, and to enable ORD to better understand the science needs of state
environmental agencies. Key partners at the state level include the Environmental Council of the
States, with its Environmental Research Institute of the States and the Interstate Technology and
Regulatory Council, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, as well as state media
associations such as the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials.
EPA collaborates with several science agencies and the research community to assess our research
performance such as the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, the
Department of Energy, and the United States Department of Agriculture. The Agency also will
work with the White House's Office of Science and Technology Policy. EPA supports the
interagency Science and Technology in America's Reinvestment—Measuring the Effect of
Research on Innovation, Competitiveness and Science (STARMETRICS) effort. This interagency
effort is helping EPA to more effectively measure the impact of federal science investments have
on society, the environment, and the economy.14
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	(-$26.0) This change to fixed and other costs is a decrease due to the recalculation of base
workforce costs due to adjustments in salary, essential workforce support, and benefit
costs.
•	(-$75.0/ -0.5 FTE) This program change decreases support for the Superfund Health Risk
Technical Support Center and the Ecological Risk Assessment Support Center.
14 STAR METRICS: https://www.starmetrics.nih.gov/.
453

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• (+$2,317.0/ +15.2 FTE) This rebalances resources from the S&T appropriation to the
Superfund appropriation for work related to IRIS Assessments.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA); Clean Air
Act (CAA) §§ 103, 108, 109, 112; Clean Water Act (CWA) §§ 101(a)(6), 104, 105; Federal
Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) § 3(c)(2)(A); Food Quality Protection Act
(FQPA); Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA); Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), §§
4(b)(1)(B), 4(b)(2)(B).
454

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Superfund Cleanup
455

-------
Superfund: Emergency Response and Removal
Program Area: Superfund Cleanup
Goal: Core Mission
Objective(s): Revitalize Land and Prevent Contamination

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
S IVXJ2-/.0
si sn.trt.n
SltilJOfi.O
S 1.2.11.0
Total Budget Authority
$198,324.0
$180,075.0
$181,306.0
$1,231.0
Total Workyears
279.7
244.7
244.7
0.0
Program Project Description:
The Emergency Response and Removal program (SF Removal) is the foundation of federal
emergency response to releases of hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants and is
essential to managing the associated risks. In the case of a national emergency, EPA is charged
with preventing limiting, mitigating, or containing chemical, oil, radiological, biological, or
hazardous materials released during and in the aftermath of an incident. Typical situations
requiring emergency response and removal actions vary greatly in size, nature, and location, and
include chemical releases, fires or explosions, natural disasters, and other threats to people from
exposure to hazardous substances. EPA's 24-hour-a-day response capability is a cornerstone
element of the National Contingency Plan.15 Further, this program is responsible for the Agency's
only Primary Mission Essential Function.
Over the last 10 years (FY 2007 - FY 2016), EPA completed or oversaw over 3,655 Superfund
removal actions across the country. SF Removal sites can be found in remote rural areas as well
as large urban settings. Approximately 11 million people live within three miles of 221 SF
Removal sites where EPA completed a removal action in FY 2016 - equal to about 3 percent of
the total US population.16 SF Removal cleanups vary in complexity and contain a wide variety of
contaminants including mercury, lead, and asbestos.17
The SF Removal program provides technical assistance and outreach to industry, states, tribes, and
local communities as part of the Agency's effort to ensure national safety and security for chemical
and oil responses. EPA trains, equips, and deploys resources in order to manage, contain, and
remove contaminants. These substances, until contained or removed, have the potential to
significantly damage property, endanger public health and have critical environmental impact on
communities.
15	For additional information, refer to: https://www.ei7a.gov/emergency-response/national-oil-and-hazardous-substances-
pollution-contingency-plan-ncp-overview.
16	U.S. EPA, Office of Land and Emergency Management Estimate 2017. Data collected includes (1) site information as of the
end of FY16 and (2) census data from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey.
17	Data from US EPA SEMS.
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Agency On-Scene Coordinators (OSCs) make up the core of the SF Removal program. These
trained and equipped EPA personnel respond to, assess, mitigate, and cleanup up environmental
releases regardless of the cause. States, local, and tribal communities rely upon the OSCs expertise
and support to deal with environmental emergencies that are beyond their capabilities and
resources. For example, in 2017, EPA deployed its National Incident Management Assistance Team
(N-IMAT) to help with the long-term strategic planning and response efforts that occurred for
Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria, and the California Wildfires. For Hurricane Harvey, N-IMAT staff
were responsible for working with the Texas Immediate Disaster Case Management program,
developing health and safety plans for the cities of Houston and Corpus Christi. For Hurricanes Irma
and Maria, N-IMAT staff helped with long-term planning and response efforts that are still ongoing in
Puerto Rico and other parts of the Caribbean.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 1/Objective 1.3, Revitalize Land and Prevent
Contamination in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, the SF Removal program
will:
•	Respond to, and provide technical assistance for, emergency responses, removal
assessments, and limited time critical response actions (non-emergency responses).
•	Conduct and participate in selected multi-media training and exercises for emergency
responders. These events ensure readiness by focusing on necessary coordination and
consistency across the Agency, enhance specialized technical skills and expertise, and
strengthen partnerships with state, local, tribal, and other federal responders.
•	Support the Environmental Response Team (ERT), which provides nationwide assistance
and consultation for emergency response actions, including unusual or complex incidents.
In such cases, the ERT supplies the OSC, or lead responder, with special equipment and
technical or logistical assistance.
•	Continue to deploy its National Incident Management Assistance Team (N-IMAT) to set up
organizational systems that help with the long-term strategic planning and response efforts.
Performance Measure Targets:

FY 2018
FY 2019
(137) Number of Superfund removals completed.
Target
Target
175
175
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (+$1,231.0) This program change reflects an increase in funding to focus on sites which
pose an immediate threat to human health and the environment, and includes changes to
fixed and other costs.
457

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Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) Sections
104, 105, 106; Clean Water Act (CWA); and Oil Pollution Act (OPA).
458

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Superfund: EPA Emergency Preparedness
Program Area: Superfund Cleanup
Goal: Core Mission
Objective(s): Revitalize Land and Prevent Contamination

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
s
S-JS-/.0
S'JS-I.O
so.o
Total Budget Authority
$7,174.6
$7,584.0
$7,584.0
$0.0
Total Workyears
34.1
37.4
37.4
0.0
Program Project Description:
The Superfund Emergency Preparedness program provides for EPA's engagement on the National
Response Team (NRT) and Regional Response Teams (RRT) where it ensures federal agencies
are prepared to respond to national incidents, threats, and major environmental emergencies. EPA
implements the Emergency Preparedness program in coordination with the Department of
Homeland Security and other federal agencies in order to deliver federal hazard assistance to state,
local, and tribal governments.
The Agency carries out its responsibility under multiple statutory authorities as well as the
National Response Framework (NRF), which provides the comprehensive federal structure for
managing national emergencies. EPA is the designated lead for the NRF's Oil and Hazardous
Materials Response Annex - Emergency Support Function #10 which covers responsibilities for
responding to releases of hazardous materials, oil, and other contaminants that are a threat to
human health and the environment. As such, the Agency participates and leads applicable
interagency committees and workgroups to develop national planning and implementation policies
at the operational level.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 1/Objective 1.3, Revitalize Land and Prevent
Contamination in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. EPA continuously works to improve its
management of emergency response assets to be better prepared to handle large unprecedented
incidents in order to increase cost effectiveness and avoid costly cleanup actions. The Superfund
Emergency Preparedness program participates in national and local exercises and drills,
coordinates with stakeholders to develop Area and Regional Contingency Plans (ACPs), and
provides technical assistance to industry, states, tribes, and local communities. Specific activities
include:
• Chair the NRT18 and co-chair the 13 RRTs. The NRT and RRTs are the only active
environmentally-focused interagency executive committees addressing oil and hazardous
18 For additional information, refer to: littps://www.ml.org;
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substance emergencies. They serve as multi-agency coordination groups supporting
emergency responders when convened as incident specific teams.
•	Participate in the development of limited, scenario-specific exercises and regional drills
designed to assess national emergency response management capabilities. These activities
will involve the RRTs, NRT, and/or principal level participants.
•	Continue to implement the National Incident Management System (NIMS)19 which
provides the approach to manage incidents and works hand in hand with the NRF.
Performance Measure Targets:
Currently there are no performance measures specific to this program.
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
•	There is no change in program funding.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), §§ 104,
105, 106; Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act.
19 For additional information, refer to: http://www.fema.gov/iiational-incident-maiiagement-systi
460

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Superfund: Federal Facilities
Program Area: Superfund Cleanup
Goal: Core Mission
Objective(s): Revitalize Land and Prevent Contamination

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
S 22M-I.2
S20.W2.0
S20.'JS2.0
so.o
Total Budget Authority
$22,434.2
$20,982.0
$20,982.0
$0.0
Total Workyears
106.2
111.7
111.7
0.0
Program Project Description:
The Superfund Federal Facilities program oversees and provides technical assistance for the
protective and efficient cleanup and reuse of Federal Facility National Priorities List (NPL) sites,20
as mandated by law. Program responsibilities include: 1) inventorying and assessing potentially
contaminated sites; 2) implementing protective remedies; 3) facilitating early transfer of property;
and 4) ensuring ongoing protectiveness of completed cleanups. The program collaborates with
other federal agencies and states to target high priority sites, consider best practices, develop
solutions to problems caused by emerging contaminants, implement strategies to reach cleanup
completion, and bring contaminated land into beneficial reuse. Sixty-four of the 174 Federal
Facility NPL sites, have achieved Site-Wide Ready for Anticipated Use and over 375,000 acres
have been returned to beneficial use.
The work done by this program helps reduce public exposure to dangerous hazardous materials.
The Federal Facility NPL sites are among the largest in the Superfund program and can encompass
specialized environmental contaminants such as munitions and radiological waste, and emerging
contaminants such as per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFAS).21 The average size of a Federal
Facility NPL site is over 26,000 acres while the average size for private sites is over 5,000 acres.
The larger size of these facilities in combination with specialized contaminants can make the
investigation and cleanup work more challenging for the program. For example, Fort Wainwright
in AK is the largest Federal Facility NPL Site and the largest site in the Superfund program at
918,000 acres.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 1/Objective 1.3, Revitalize Land and Prevent
Contamination in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, the program will prioritize
the highest risk sites and oversee cleanups at Federal Facility NPL sites, with issues ranging from
hazardous substances in groundwater, munitions and explosives of concern, emerging
20	As of August 3, 2017, there are 174 Federal Facility sites on the NPL. Please see: https://www.epa.gov/superfund/superfund-
national-priorities-list-npl.
21	For additional information please visit, https://www.epa.gov/fedfac.
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contaminants, and contamination from legacy nuclear weapons development and energy research.
In FY 2019, the Federal Facilities program will focus on activities that bring human exposure and
groundwater migration under control.
In FY 2019, the program will update the Federal Agency Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket
(Docket). The Docket is updated semiannually and has over 2,300 facilities listed. Required by
Section 120(d) of CERCLA, EPA manages the Docket, which contains information reported by
federal facilities that manage hazardous waste or from which hazardous substances, pollutants, or
contaminants have been or may be released. The Docket 1) identifies all federal facilities that must
be evaluated through the site assessment process; 2) determines whether they pose a risk to human
health and the environment sufficient to warrant inclusion on the NPL; and 3) provides a
mechanism to make the information available to the public.
The program will collaborate with other federal agencies, state, local, and tribal partners to
encourage restoration of sites. EPA will work to simplify and expedite the review process to
transfer federal property for beneficial use or future economic development.
EPA will continue to strengthen oversight and assistance with Department of Energy (DOE) sites.
DOE estimates that the 16 remaining legacy Cold War sites will take decades to complete, due to
groundwater, soil, and waste processing. Similarly, EPA will continue to strengthen oversight and
technical assistance at Department of Defense's (DoD) military munitions response sites and
support DoD's development of new technologies to streamline cleanups. DoD's inventory includes
over 300 operable units containing munitions and explosives of concern that still require
investigation. These sites contain chemical and explosive compounds which require special
handling, storage, and disposal practices, as well as cleanup challenges.
EPA no longer receives resources from the DoD to support accelerated cleanup and reuse at Base
Realignment and Closure (BRAC) sites. EPA will continue oversight work at BRAC sites that are
on the NPL with appropriated resources, as needed.
Performance Measure Targets:

FY 2018
FY 2019
(FFl) Percentage of Superfund federal facility sites construction complete.
Target
Target
83
85
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• There is no change in program funding.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), § 120.
462

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Superfund: Remedial
Program Area: Superfund Cleanup
Goal: Core Mission
Objective(s): Revitalize Land and Prevent Contamination

(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2017
Actuals
FY 2018
Annualized
CR
FY 2019 Pres
Budget
FY 2019 Pres
Budget v.
FY 2018 Annualized
CR
Utizurthms Substance Siiperjuml
S 5-/-/.H22. V
S 505.(1-/2.0
S50S.-I'J.\0
S.\-I5.\0
Total Budget Authority
$544,822.9
$505,042.0
$508,495.0
$3,453.0
Total Workyears
939.4
868.8
868.8
0.0
Program Project Description:
The Superfund Remedial program addresses many of the worst contaminated areas in the United
States by conducting investigations and then implementing long term cleanup remedies, as well as
overseeing response work conducted by potentially responsible parties (PRPs) at National
Priorities List (NPL) and Superfund Alternative Approach (SAA) sites. Response actions can take
from a few months for relatively straight-forward soil excavation or capping remedies to several
decades for complex, large area-wide groundwater, sediment, or mining site remedies.
Approximately 53 million, or 16 percent, of all Americans, live within three miles of Superfund
site. A study conducted by researchers at Columbia University, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, and University of California Berkeley found that Superfund cleanups reduce the
incidence of congenital anomalies by roughly 20-25 percent among infants born to mothers living
within 2,000 meters of a site.22 Birth defects avoided means improved human health for an entire
future generation. Ecosystems also are improved by addressing pollutants from contaminated sites
and protecting drinking water supplies and/or fishery habitats.
By addressing the human health and environmental risks posed by releases at NPL and SAA sites,
the Superfund Remedial program strengthens the economy and spurs economic growth by
returning Superfund sites to productive use. As of FY 2017, EPA data shows that at 487 Superfund
sites in reuse, approximately 6,622 businesses are generating $43.6 billion in sales and employ
more than 156,352 people who earn a combined income of $11.2 billion.23 While conducting
cleanup at NPL and SAA sites, Superfund remedial construction projects can have a direct impact
on enhancing our national infrastructure while addressing harmful exposures. Cleanup work under
the Superfund Remedial program also improves property values. A study conducted by researchers
at Duke University and University of Pittsburgh found that residential property values within three
22	Currie, Janet, Michael Greenstone, and Enrico Moretti. 2011. "Superfund Cleanups and Infant Health". American Economic
Review, 101(3): 435-441.
23	For more information on Redevelopment Economics and in depth case studies see www.epa. gov/superfund-redevelopment-
initiative/redevelopment-economics-superfund-sites.
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miles of Superfund sites increased between 18.7 and 24.4 percent when sites were cleaned up and
deleted from the NPL.24
In FY 2017, the Administrator established the Superfund Task Force which identified forty-two
recommendations under five overarching goals:
•	Expediting Cleanup and Remediation
•	Re-Invigorating Responsible Party Cleanup and Reuse
•	Encouraging Private Investment
•	Promoting Redevelopment and Community Revitalization
•	Engaging Partners and Stakeholders
Work to prioritize and reinvigorate the program by the task force has been initiated and will be
ongoing into the future. A first step in this effort was the recent release of a list of sites targeted
for immediate, intense action. The list will be updated continuously as identified issues are
resolved.
FY 2019 Activities and Performance Plan:
Work in this program directly supports Goal 1/Objective 1.3, Revitalize Land and Prevent
Contamination in EPA's FY 2018 - 2022 Strategic Plan. In FY 2019, EPA will prioritize resources
to execute its federal, non-delegable responsibility to clean up sites and protect human health and
the environment. The Superfund Remedial program endeavors to maximize the use of special
account resources collected from settlement agreements with PRPs for response actions at specific
sites. As special account funds may only be used for sites and uses specified in the settlement
agreement, both special account resources and annually appropriated resources are critical to clean
up Superfund sites. More than half of non-federal sites on the final NPL do not have an associated
special account and must rely on annually appropriated funds.
In FY 2019, EPA will continue to implement recommendations from the Superfund Task Force to
expedite cleanup and remediation while continuing to encourage private investment, facilitate
reuse, promote redevelopment of Superfund sites, and build and strengthen partnerships. EPA will
prioritize ongoing fund-lead investigation, remedial design and construction projects to bring
human exposure and groundwater migration under control. EPA will continue its statutory
responsibility to provide oversight of PRP-lead activities at Superfund sites, consistent with legal
settlement documents, and five-year review activities required by law.
Performance Measure Targets:

FY 2018
FY 2019
(141) Number of Superfund sites with remedy construction completed.
Target
Target
11
11
24 Gamper-Rabindran, Shanti and Christopher Timmons. 2013. "Does cleanup of hazardous waste sites raise housing values?
Evidence of spatially localized benefits," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 65(3): 345-360.
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(151) Number of Superfund sites with human exposures brought under control.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
8
8

(152) Number of Superfund sites with contaminated groundwater migration brought
under control.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
11
11

(S10) Number of Superfund sites made ready for anticipated use site-wide.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
51
51

(115) Number of Superfund remedial site assessments completed.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
650
580

(170) Number of remedial action projects completed at Superfund sites.
FY 2018
Target
FY 2019
Target
95
95
FY 2019 Change from FY 2018 Annualized Continuing Resolution (Dollars in Thousands):
• (+$3,453.0) This program change reflects an increase to prioritize resources on NPL sites
that present the highest risk to human health and the environment, and includes changes to
fixed and other costs.
Statutory Authority:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).
465

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Superfund Special Accounts
466

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SUPERFUND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS
Background
EPA has the authority to collect funds from parties to support Superfund investigations and
cleanups. Section 122(b)(3) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA) authorizes EPA to retain and use funds received pursuant to a settlement
agreement with a party to carry out the purpose of that agreement. Funds are deposited in
Superfund special accounts for cleanup at the sites designated in individually negotiated settlement
agreements. Through the use of special accounts, EPA ensures responsible parties pay for cleanup
so that annually appropriated resources from the Superfund Trust Fund are generally conserved
for sites where no viable or liable potentially responsible parties (PRPs) can be identified. Each
account is set up separately and distinctly and may only be used for the sites and uses outlined in
the settlement(s) with the party.
Special accounts are sub-accounts in the Superfund Trust Fund. Pursuant to the specific
agreements, which typically take the form of an Administrative Order on Consent or Consent
Decree, EPA uses special account funds to finance site-specific CERCLA response actions at the
site for which the account was established. Of the 1,342 Superfund sites listed as final on the
National Priorities List, more than half do not have special account funds available for use (as of
October 1, 2017). As special account funds may only be used for sites and uses specified in the
settlement agreement, both special account resources and annually appropriated resources are
critical to the Superfund program to clean up Superfund sites.
Special account funds are used to conduct many different site-specific CERCLA response actions,
including, but not limited to, investigations to determine the nature and extent of contamination
and the appropriate remedy, design, construction and implementation of the remedy, enforcement
activities, and post-construction activities. EPA also may provide special account funds as an
incentive to another PRP(s) who agrees to perform additional work beyond the PRP's allocated
share at the site, which EPA might otherwise have to conduct. Because response actions may take
many years, the full use of special account funds also may take many years. Pursuant to the
settlement agreement and in accordance with EPA policy, once site-specific work is complete and
site risks are addressed, special account funds may be used to reimburse EPA for site-specific costs
incurred using appropriated resources (i.e., reclassification), allowing the latter resources to be
allocated to other sites. Any remaining special account funds are transferred to the Superfund Trust
Fund, where they are available for future appropriation by Congress to further support response
work.
EPA, through the Superfund Task Force, is working to ensure that contaminated sites across the
country are remediated to protect human health and the environment and returned to beneficial use
as expeditiously as possible. Maximizing the use of special accounts to facilitate site cleanup
and/or redevelopment is one of the Task Force's recommendations we continue to work on.
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FY 2017 Special Account Activity
Since the inception of special accounts through the end of FY 2017, EPA has collected
approximately $6.8 billion from parties and earned more than $443 million in interest.25
Approximately 56 percent of the funds have been disbursed or obligated for response actions at
sites and plans have been developed to guide the future use of the remaining 44 percent of available
special account funds. In addition, at sites with no additional work planned or costs to be incurred
by EPA, EPA has transferred approximately $31.4 million to the Superfund Trust Fund. As of the
end of FY 2017, approximately $3.5 billion has been disbursed for site response actions and $548.8
million has been obligated but not yet disbursed.
The Agency continues to receive site-specific settlement funds that are placed in special accounts
each year, so progress on actual obligation and disbursement of funds may not be apparent upon
review solely of the cumulative available balance. In FY 2017, EPA deposited more than $289
million into special accounts and disbursed and obligated over $357 million from special accounts
(including reclassifications). At the end of FY 2017, the cumulative amount available in special
accounts was $3.21 billion.
Special accounts vary in size. A limited set represent the majority of the funds available. At the
end of FY 2017, 4 percent of open accounts had greater than $10 million available and hold more
than 71 percent of all available funds in open accounts. There are many accounts with lower
available balances. 72 percent of all open accounts have up to $1 million available and represent
only 6 percent of available funds in all open accounts.
The balance of more than $3.21 billion is not equivalent to an annual appropriation. The funds
collected under settlements are intended to finance future response work at particular sites for the
length of the project. EPA is carefully managing those funds that remain available for site response
work and develops plans to utilize the available balance. EPA will continue to plan the use of funds
received to conduct site-specific response activities, or reclassify and/or transfer excess funds to
the Superfund Trust Fund to make annually appropriated funds available for use at other Superfund
sites.
For some Superfund sites, although funds are readily available in a special account, remedial action
may take time to initiate and complete. This is due to site-specific conditions such as the specific
requirements for special account use set forth in the settlement agreement, the stage of site cleanup,
the viability of other responsible parties to conduct site cleanup, and the nature of the site
contamination. EPA has plans to spend approximately $1.3 billion of currently available special
account funds over the next 5 years, but funds also are planned much further into the future to
continue activities such as conducting five year reviews or remedy optimization where waste has
been left in place.
In FY 2017, EPA disbursed and obligated more than $340 million from special accounts
(excluding reclassifications) for response work at more than 700 Superfund sites. Some examples
include more than $125 million to support work at the New Bedford site in Massachusetts, more
than $18 million for the Commencement Bay, Near Shore/Tide Flats site in Washington, and more
25 The $443 million in interest earned represents the amount of interest that has been allocated to individual special accounts.
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than $17 million for the U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Inc. (East Chicago) site in Indiana.
Without special account funds being available, appropriated funds would have been necessary for
these response actions to be funded. In other words, EPA was able to fund more than $340 million
in response work at sites in addition to the work funded through appropriated funds obligated or
disbursed in FY 2017.
The summary charts below provide additional information on the status of special accounts.
Exhibit 1 illustrates the cumulative status of open and closed accounts, FY 2017 program activity,
and planned multi-year uses of the available balance. Exhibit 2 provides the prior year (FY 2017),
current year (FY 2018), and estimated future budget year (FY 2019) activity for special accounts.
Exhibit 3 provides prior year data (FY 2017) by EPA Regional Offices to exhibit the geographic
use of the funds.
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Exhibit 1: Summary of FY 2017 Special Account Transactions
and Cumulative Multi-Year Plans for Using Available Special Account Funds
Account Stiilus1
Number of Accounts
Cumulative Open
1,037
Cumulative Closed
350
I'Y 2017 Spccisil Account Aclmly
S in Thousands

Beginning Available Balance
$3,283,116.4

FY 2017 Activities


+ Receipts
$289,443.0

- Transfers to Superfund Trust Fund (Receipt Adjustment)
($2,293.7)

+ Net Interest Earned
($2,282.8)

- Net Change in Unliquidated Obligations
($84,170.6)

- Disbursements - For EPA Incurred Costs
($255,166.0)

- Disbursements - For Work Party Reimbursements under Final
Settlements
($979.9)

- Reclassifications
($16,810.7)

End of Fiscal Year (EOFY) Available Balance2
$3,210,855.5
>
ulli-Yciir Phins lor KOI-'Y 2017 AMiihihlc IJithtncc4
S in Thousands

2017 EOFY Available Balance
$3,210,855.5

- Estimates for Future EPA Site Activities based on Current Site Plans4
$3,037,075.2

- Estimates for Potential Disbursement to Work Parties Identified in
Final Settlements5
$53,987.0

- Estimates for Reclassifications for FYs 2018-20206
$86,393.7

- Estimates for Transfers to Trust Fund for FYs 2018-20206
$31,663.8

- Available Balance to be Planned for Site-Specific Response7
$1,735.8
1	FY 2017 data is as of 10/01/2017. The Beginning Available Balance is as of 10/01/2016.
2	Numbers may not add due to rounding.
3Planning data were recorded in the Superfund Enterprise Management System (SEMS) as of 10/30/2017 in
reference to special account available balances as of 10/01/2017.
4	"Estimates for EPA Future Site Activities" includes all response actions that EPA may conduct or oversee in
the future, such as removal, remedial, enforcement, post-construction activities as well as allocation of funds
to facilitate a settlement to encourage PRPs to perform the cleanup. Planning data are multi-year and cannot
be used for annual comparisons.
5	"Estimates for Potential Disbursements to Work Parties Identified in Finalized Settlements" includes those
funds that have already been designated in a settlement document, such as a Consent Decree or Administrative
Order on Consent, to be available to a PRP for reimbursements but that have not yet been obligated.
6	"Reclassifications" and "Transfers to the Trust Fund" are estimated for three FYs only. These amounts are
only estimates and may change as EPA determines what funds are needed to complete site-specific response
activities.
7	These include resources received by EPA at the end of the fiscal year and will be assigned for site-specific
response activities.
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Exhibit 2: Actual and Estimated Special Account Transactions FY 2017 - FY 2019

I V 2017
I V 20IS
est i in ill o
I V 201')
estimate

S in Tliousiiiuls
Beginning Available Balance
$3,283,116.4
$3,210,855.5
$3,181,855.5
Receipts1
$289,443.0
$250,000.0
$250,000.0
Transfers to Trust Fund (Receipt Adjustment)2
($2,293.7)
($1,520.0)
($1,520.0)
Net Interest Earned3
($2,282.8)
$23,000.0
$24,000.0
Net Obligations2,4
($340,316.6)
($302,100.0)
($302,100.0)
Reclassifications2
($16,810.7")
($26,380.0")
($26,380.0")
End of Year Available Balance5
$3,210,855.5
$3,181,855.5
$3,165,855.5
'The estimates for Receipts are in line with more typical years.
2The estimates for Transfers to Trust Fund, Net Obligations, and Reclassifications are based on a 3-year historical
average.
3Net interest earned projections for FY 2018 and FY 2019 are estimated utilizing economic assumptions for the FY
2019 President's Budget. At the end of FY 2015, the Agency worked with the Department of Treasury to create a
new point account for Superfund special accounts in the Superfund Trust Fund. In FY 2017, $38.5 million in interest
was earned on the special account funds invested in the Superfund Trust Fund. However, there has been a time lag
for those funds to be captured in the Agency's system and made available for use.
4Net Obligations reflect special account funds no longer available for obligation, excluding reclassifications and
receipts transferred to the Trust Fund.
5Numbers may not add due to rounding.
Exhibit 3: FY 2017 Special Account Transactions by EPA Regional Offices
$ in Thousands

Beginning
Available
Balanee
Receipts
Transfers to
Trust Fund
(Receipt
Adjustment)
Net
Interest
Earned
Net
Obligations
Reclassifications
End of Year
Available
Balance2
Region 1
$337,247.2
$21,535.3
$0.0
$0.0
($133,921.0)
($6,803.2)
$218,058.4
Region 2
$481,554.8
$76,940.1
$0.0
$0.0
($40,018.5)
($1,960.6)
$516,516.0
Region 3
$114,392.6
$42,787.7
($348.1)
($0.4)
($8,776.4)
($3,187.0)
$144,868.5
Region 4
$68,240.5
$12,449.8
($1,405.2)
$0.0
($3,044.8)
$0.0
$76,240.6
Region 5
$391,565.3
$28,974.9
($539.8)
($2,283.6)
($34,740.0)
($1,580.3)
$381,396.7
Region 6
$79,883.7
$13,666.0
$0.0
$0.0
($4,576.7)
$0.0
$88,972.5
Region 7
$148,140.6
$7,821.4
$0.0
$1.3
$1,473.8
($308.8)
$157,127.8
Region 8
$215,310.5
$20,773.1
($0.6)
$0.0
($23,835.3)
($2,791.3)
$209,456.7
Region 9
$1,281,313.5
$26,739.1
$0.0
($0.2)
($24,677.0)
($179.5)
$1,283,195.4
Region 10
$165,467.9
$37,755.6
$0.0
$0.0
($68,200.7)
$0.0
$135,022.9
Total
$3,283,116.4
$289,443.0
($2,293.7)
($2,282.8)
($340,316.6)
($16,810.7)
$3,210,855.5
1	FY 2017 data is as of 10/01/2017. The Beginning Available Balance is as of 10/01/2016.
2	Numbers may not add due to rounding.
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