Environmental Technology Verification Test Report of Control of Bioaerosols in HVAC Systems AAF International BioCel® I (Type SH)


Environmental Technology Verification
Test Report of Control of Bioaerosols in
HVAC Systems
AAF International
BioCel® I (Type SH)
Prepared by
Research Triangle Institute
HRTI
INTERNATIONAL
Under a Contract with
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
5® EPA
ETVET^ ETN/

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION PROGRAM
as EPA	BRTI
INTERNATIONAL
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	Research Triangle Institute
ETV Verification Statement
TECHNOLOGY TYPE:
VENTILATION MEDIA AIR FILTER
APPLICATION:
FILTRATION EFFICIENCY OF BIOAEROSOLS IN
HVAC SYSTEMS
TECHNOLOGY NAME:
BioCel® I (Type SH)
COMPANY:
AAF International
ADDRESS:
WEB SITE:
E-MAIL:
PO Box 35690 PHONE:(502) 637-0340
Louisville, KY 40232-5690 FAX: (502)637-0676
http://www.aafintl.com
Mmontague@aafintl.com
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has created the Environmental Technology
Verification (ETV) Program to facilitate the deployment of innovative or improved
environmental technologies through performance verification and dissemination of information.
The goal of the ETV Program is to further environmental protection by accelerating the
acceptance and use of improved and cost-effective technologies. ETV seeks to achieve this goal
by providing high quality, peer-reviewed data on technology performance to those involved in
the design, distribution, financing, permitting, purchase, and use of environmental technologies.
ETV works with recognized standards and testing organizations; stakeholder groups which
consist of buyers, vendor organizations, permitters, and other interested parties; and with the full
participation of individual technology developers. The program evaluates the performance of
innovative and improved technologies by developing test plans that are responsive to the needs
of stakeholders, conducting field or laboratory tests (as appropriate), collecting and analyzing
data, and preparing peer-reviewed reports. All evaluations are conducted in accordance with
rigorous quality assurance protocols to ensure that data of known and adequate quality are
generated and that the results are defensible.
EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory contracted with the Research Triangle
Institute (RTI) to establish a homeland-security-related ETV Program for products that clean
ventilation air. RTI evaluated the performance of ventilation air filters used in building heating,
S-l

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ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. This verification statement provides a
summary of the test results for the AAF International BioCel I (Type SH) media air filter.
VERIFICATION TEST DESCRIPTION
All tests were performed in accordance with RTFs "Test/Quality Assurance Project Plan:
Biological Testing of General Ventilation Filters," which was approved by EPA. Tests were
performed for the following:
• Bioaerosol filtration efficiency tests of the clean and dust-loaded filter. Three bioaerosols
were used in the testing:
o The spore form of the bacteria Bacillus atrophaeus (BG), a gram-positive spore-
forming bacteria elliptically shaped with dimensions of 0.7 to 0.8 by 1 to 1.5 ^m,
o Serratia marcescens, a rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria with a size of 0.5 to
0.8 by 0.9 to 2.0/im, and
o The bacterial virus (bacteriophage) MS2 dispersed as a micrometer-sized
poly disperse aerosol.
• Inert aerosol filtration efficiency tests consisting of an American National Standards
Institute (ANSI)/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 52.2-1999 type test (0.3 to 10 jim) and extended
fractional efficiency measurements down to 0.02 jam particle diameter on both clean and
dust-loaded filter.
• ASHRAE 52.2 test providing filtration efficiency results (average of the minimum
composite efficiency) for three size ranges of particles: El, 0.3 to 1.0 /jm; E2, 1.0 to 3.0
//m; and E3, 3.0 /im to 10 ium.
VERIFIED TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION
®
As shown in Figure 1, the AAF International BioCel I
(Type SH) media air filter is a rigid cell filter with nominal
dimensions of 0.61 x 0.61 x 0.31 m (24 x 24 x 12 in.). The
filter has a galvanized steel frame, and the filter media color
is white. The media is fiberglass. There are 47 pleats, with
corrugated aluminum separators between pleats. The AAF
International part number is 510-532-014.
VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE
®
Verification testing of the AAF International BioCel I
(Type SH) media air filter began on July 17, 2003 at
the test facilities of RTI and was completed on Figure 1. Photograph of the AAF International
August 12, 2003. The results for the bioaerosol BioCel® I (Type SH) media filter,
filtration efficiency tests are presented in Table 1 for
the clean and dust-loaded filter. Table 2 presents the
results of the ASHRAE 52.2 test. All tests were conducted at an air flow of 0.93 nrVsec (1970
cfm).
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Table 1. Bioaerosol Filtration Results
Filter Condition
Pressure Drop
Pa (in. H20)
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
B. atrophaeus, %
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
S. marcescens, %
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
MS2 phage, %
Clean
236 (0.95)
99.4
99.5
99.3
Dust-loaded
478 (1.92)
99.7
99.8
99.6
Table 2. Summary of ASHRAE 52.2 Test
Filter
El
0.3 to 1.0 /j,m,
%
E2
1.0 to 3.0 iim,
%
E3
3.0 to 10 //m,
%
Minimum Efficiency
Reporting Value (MERV)
AAF BioCel® I
97
99
100
16 at 0.93 m3/sec
(1970 cfm)
The quality assurance officer reviewed the test results and the quality control data and concluded
that the data quality objectives given in the approved test/QA plan were attained.
This verification statement addresses two aspects of media air filters: filtration efficiency and
pressure drop. Users of this technology may wish to consider other performance parameters
such as service life and cost when selecting a media air filter for bioaerosol control. In
accordance with the test/QA plan1, this verification statement is valid for 3 years following the
last signature added on the verification statement.
Original signed by E. Timothy Oppelt 2/11/2004
E. Timothy Oppelt Date
Director
National Homeland Security Research Center
Office of Research and Development
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Original signed by David S. Ensor 1/6/2004
David S. Ensor Date
Director
ETV-HS
Research Triangle Institute
NOTICE: ETV verifications are based on an evaluation of technology performance under specific, predetermined
criteria and the appropriate quality assurance procedures. EPA and RTI make no expressed or implied warranties
as to the performance of the technology and do not certify that a technology will always operate as verified. The
end user is solely responsible for complying with any and all applicable federal, state, and local requirements.
Mention of commercial product names does not imply endorsement.
S-3

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Environmental Technology Verification
Test Report of Filtration Efficiency of
Bioaerosols in HVAC Systems
AAF International
BioCel® I (Type SH)
Prepared by:
Research Triangle Institute
Engineering and Technology Unit
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
GS10F0283K-BPA-1, EPA Task Order 1101
RTI Project No. 08787.001
EPA Project Manager:
Theodore G. Brna
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
February 2004
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Notice
This document was prepared by the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) with funding from the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the General Service Administration Contract
No. GS10F0283K per EPA's BPA-1, Task Order 1101. The document has been undergone
RTFs and EPA's peer and administrative reviews and has been approved for publication.
Mention of corporation names, trade names, or commercial products does not constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use of specific products.
Foreword
The Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program, established by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is designed to accelerate the development and
commercialization of new or improved environmental technologies through third-party
verification and reporting of performance. The goal of the ETV Program is to verify the
performance of commercially ready environmental technologies through the evaluation of
objective and quality-assured data so that potential purchasers and permitters are provided with
an independent and credible assessment of the technology that they are buying or permitting.
EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory contracted with the Research Triangle
Institute (RTI) to establish a homeland-security related ETV Program for products that clean
ventilation air. RTI developed (and EPA approved) the "Test/Quality Assurance Plan for
Biological Testing of General Ventilation Filters1." The test described in this report was
conducted following this plan.
Availability of Report
Copies of this verification report are available from
• Research Triangle Institute
Engineering and Technology Unit
PO Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, E305-01
109 T.W. Alexander Drive
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Web sites: http://www.epa.gov/etv/verifications
11

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Table of Contents
ETV Joint Verification Statement	S-l
Notice	ii
Foreword	ii
Availability of Report	ii
Table of Contents	iii
Acronyms/Abbreviations	iv
Acknowledgments	v
1.0 Introduction	1
2.0 Product Description	1
3.0 Test Procedure	1
4.0 Test Results	4
5.0 Limits and Applications	6
6.0 References	6
Appendix: ASHRAE 52.2 Test Report	7
Figures
®
Figure 1. Photograph of the AAF International BioCel I (Type SH) media filter	S-2
Figure 2. Schematic of Test Duct	2
Figure 3. Summary of the Inert Aerosol Filtration Efficiency Measurements for the Clean and
Dust-loaded filter, #2	5
Figure A-l. Filtration Efficiency and Flow Resistance for BioCel 1	10
Tables
Table 1.	Numbers of Filters and Expected Utilization	4
Table 2.	Bioaerosol Filtration Results for Filter #2	4
Table 3.	Summary of ASHRAE 52.2 Test for Filter #1 	5
Table 4. DQOs for Precision of Filtration Efficiency Measurements for Culturable Bioaerosol...6
in

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Acronymns/Abbreviations
ANSI	American National Standards Institute
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
ASME	American Society of Mechanical Engineers
B	Bacillus
BG	Bacillus atrophaeus (formerly B. subtilis var niger and Bacillus globigii)
cfm	cubic feet per minute
CFU	colony forming unit(s)
cm	centimeter
d50	cutoff diameter, the aerodynamic diameter above which the collection efficiency
of the sampler approaches 100%
DQO	data quality objective
EPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ETL SEMKO Electrical Testing Laboratories, Svenska Elektriska Materielkontrollanstalten AB
ETV	Environmental Technology Verification
F	Fahrenheit
fpm	feet per minute
HS	homeland security
in.	inch(es)
KC1	potassium chloride
kPa	kilopascals
L	liter(s)
MERV	minimum efficiency reporting value
m	meter(s)
mm	millimeter(s)
mL	milliliter(s)
min	minute(s)
/j,m	micrometer(s)
NAFA	National Air Filtration Association
nm	nanometer(s)
OPC	optical particle counter
QA	quality assurance
QC	quality control
Pa	pascal(s)
PFU	plaque forming unit(s)
psig	pounds per square inch gauge
RTI	Research Triangle Institute
SAE	Society of Automotive Engineers
SMPS	scanning mobility particle sizer
IV

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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support of all of those who helped plan and conduct the
verification activities. In particular, we would like to thank Ted Brna, EPA's Project Manager,
and Paul Groff, EPA's Quality Assurance Manager, both of EPA's National Risk Management
Research Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, NC. We would also like to acknowledge the
assistance and participation of our stakeholder group for their input, as well as A1 Veeck and the
National Air Filtration Association (NAFA), and Intertek ETL SEMKO, especially Theresa
Peck, for their help in acquiring the filters, and AAF International for donating the filters to be
tested.
®
For more information on the BioCel I (Type SH) filter, contact
Michael Montague
AAF International
PO Box 35690
Louisville, KY 40232-5690
Telephone: (502) 637-0340, FAX (502) 637-0676
Email: Mmontague@aafmtl.com
Web site: http://www.aafintl.com
For more information on RTFs ETV program, contact
Debbie Franke
Research Triangle Institute
PO Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194
Telephone: (919) 541-6826
Email: dlf@rti.org
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1.0 Introduction
EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory contracted with the Research Triangle
Institute (RTI) to establish a homeland-security related ETV Program for products that clean
ventilation air. RTI convened a group of stakeholders representing government and industry
with knowledge and interest in the areas of homeland security and building ventilation. The
group met in December 2002 and recommended technologies to be tested. RTI then developed
(and EPA approved) the "Test/Quality Assurance Plan for Biological Testing of General
Ventilation Filters1." The first round of tests included ten different filters. The tests described in
this report were conducted following this plan.
2.0 Product Description
®
As shown in Figure 1, the AAF International BioCel
I (Type SH) media air filter is rigid cell filter with
nominal dimensions of 0.61 by 0.61 by 0.31 m (24 by
24 by 12 in.). The filter has a galvanized steel frame,
and the filter media color is white. The media is
fiberglass. There are 47 pleats, with corrugated
aluminum separators between pleats. The AAF
International part number is 510-532-014.
3.0 Test Procedure
The test program measured the culturable bioaerosol
removal efficiency of general ventilation filters. Two
tests were required to accomplish this goal. First,
the American National Standards Institute Figure 1. Color photograph of the AAF
(ANSI)/American Society of Heating, International BioCel® I (Type SH) media filter.
Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers,
Inc. (ASHRAE) Standard 52.22 test was
performed on one filter of the test filter type to determine the minimum efficiency reporting
value (MERV) of the filter. ASHRAE designed the MERV to represent a filter's minimum
performance over multiple particle sizes. In general, a higher MERV indicates higher filter
efficiency. Most commercial filters and high end home filters are now marketed using the
MERV. After determining the MERV, the biological test using three different bioaerosols and
an inert aerosol test on both clean and fully dust-loaded filter were performed on a second filter.
All tests were at an air flow rate of 0.93 m /sec (1970 cfm) to conform to the conditions
described in ASHRAE Standard 52.2.
All testing was performed in a test duct as specified in ASHRAE Standard 52.2. A schematic of
the test duct is shown in Figure 2. The test section of the duct is 0.61m (24 in.) by 0.61m (24
in.) square. The locations of the major components, including the sampling probes, device
section (filter holder), and the aerosol generator (site of aerosol injection) are shown.
The inert test and the ASHRAE Standard 52.2 test were performed using a solid-phase (i.e., dry)
potassium chloride (KC1) aerosol. The filters were loaded using ASHRAE dust, composed of
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72% Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) fine, 23% powdered carbon, and 5% cotton linters.
The final pressure drop was determined by the standard's requirements.
Room
Air
.In
t
Blower
Exhaust
to
Room
I

1
X

6
T5T
Outlet Filter Bank
v
ASME
Nozzle
t
Inlet Filter
Bank
<
Biological
Sampling
3
Upstream
Mixer
Downstream Mixer
\
J
Device
Section
Flow Control
Valve
Aerosol
Generator
Biological
Sampling
Backup
Filter
Holder
(Used When
Dust-loading)
Figure 2. Schematic of Test Duct. Filter is placed in device section
The bioaerosol tests were conducted using three microorganisms, two bacteria and one bacterial
virus. The spore form of the bacteria Bacillus atrophaeus (formerly B. subtilis var niger and
Bacillus globigii or BG) was used as the simulant for gram-positive spore-forming bacteria. The
BG spore is elliptically shaped with dimensions of 0.7 to 0.8 by 1 to 1.5 //m. Serratia
marcescens was used as the surrogate for rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria. S. marcescens is
0.5 to 0.8 by 0.9 to 2.0 jxm.
The bacterial virus (bacteriophage) MS2 (0.02 to 0.03 //m), having approximately the same
aerosol characteristics as a human virus, was used as a surrogate for the viruses of similar and
larger size and shape. Although the individual virus particles are in the submicrometer size
range, the test particle size planned for the virus tests span a range of sizes (polydispersed
bioaerosol). This test was not designed to study the removal efficiencies for single individual
virus particles; rather, it was designed to determine the removal efficiencies for virus particles as
they are commonly found indoors. A representative challenge would be a micrometer-sized,
polydispersed aerosol containing the phage because:
• The aerosols created from sneezing and coughing vary in size from < 1 to > 20 jim, but the
largest particles settle out and only the smaller sizes remain in the air for extended periods for
potential removal by an air cleaner;
• Few viruses have been found associated with particles less than 1 //m; and
• Nearly all 1 to 2 //m particles are deposited in the respiratory tract, while larger particles may
not be respired.
Bacteria suspension preparation for the aerosolization process required that the specific test
organism be grown in the laboratory and the suspension prepared for aerosol generation in the
test rig. The microbial challenge suspensions were prepared by inoculating the test organism on
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solid or liquid media, incubating the culture until mature, wiping organisms from the surface of
the pure culture (if solid media), and eluting them into sterile diluent to a known concentration.
The bacterial virus challenge was prepared by inoculating a logarithmic phase broth culture of
the host bacteria with phage and allowing it to multiply until the majority of the host bacteria
were lysed. The mixture was centrifuged to remove the majority of the cell fragments. The
resultant supernatant was the phage stock and was used as the challenge aerosol. The
concentration of the phage stock was approximately 1 x 109 or higher plaque forming units
(PFU)/mL.
The challenge organism suspensions were aerosolized using a Collison nebulizer (BGI,
Waltham, MA) at 103.4 kPa (15 psig) air pressure. The nebulizer generates droplets with an
approximate volume mean diameter of 2 //m. The nebulizer output stream was mixed with
clean, dry air to create the dry aerosolized microbial challenge. The particle diameter after the
water evaporates depends on the solids content of the suspension. Particle size was determined
by the size of the suspended organism (if singlets).
Upstream and downstream sampling of the bacteria was accomplished using a one-stage
Andersen viable bioaerosol sampler. The one-stage Andersen sampler is a 400-hole multiple-jet
impactor operating at 28 L/min. The cutoff diameter (dso) is 0.65 //m- the aerodynamic diameter
above which the collection efficiency of the sampler approaches 100%. After sampling, the petri
dishes were removed from the sampler and incubated at appropriate times and temperatures for
the test organism being used. Colony forming units (CFUs) were then enumerated and their
identity confirmed.
The microbial viruses were collected in AGI-30s. The AGI-30 is a high velocity liquid impinger
operating at a flow rate of 12.3 to 12.6 L/min. The dso is approximately 0.3 fj,m. The AGI-30 is
the sampler against which the other commonly used bioaerosol samplers are often compared.
For the inert aerosol filtration efficiency measurements, the particle sizing measurements were
made with two particle counting instruments: a Climet model 500 spectrometer/optical particle
counter (OPC) covering the particle diameter size range from 0.3 to 10 //m in 12 particle sizing
channels and a TSI scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) to cover the range from 0.03 to 0.5
iim. Depending upon the quality of the data from any individual test, the SMPS can sometimes
reliably quantify particles even small than 0.03 //m, and when this is the case, those smaller sizes
are reported here. The ability to quantify sizes smaller than 0.03 //m is determined as defined in
Table A2 of test/QA plan. According to the test/QA plan, a data control parameter for the SMPS
requires that the standard deviation on upstream counts be computed for each efficiency test
based on the upstream particle counts and that the standard deviation be less than 0.30 before the
data is used. The lower size ranges for the SMPS are included in the verification report only if
they meet the data control parameter.
Quality Control (QC) procedures for running the test duct and the measuring equipment are
defined in the test/QA plan.
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Replicates of the filters to be tested were obtained directly from the vendor's warehouse by
Intertek ETL SEMKO - an independent organization recommended by the industry - on July 1,
2003 following the NAFA Product Certification Program Procedural Guide3. A minimum of
four replicates of the filter device were procured, and were provided to RTI. The four replicates
were used as shown in Table 1.
Full detail of the test method can be found in RTFs test/QA project plan1.
Table 1. Numbers of Filters and Expected Utilization
Tests
Filter #
1
2
3
4
ASHRAE Standard 52.22 test
X

Initial efficiency for an inert aerosol

Initial efficiency for three bioaerosols

Dust load to final pressure drop with ASHRAE dust

Efficiency for inert after dust-loading

Efficiency for three bioaerosols after dust-loading

Reserve filtera

X
X
"Filters #3 and #4 have been kept in reserve to be used if needed.
4.0 Test Results
The bioaerosol filtration efficiency results are found in Table 2.
Table 2. Bioaerosol Filtration Results for Filter # 2
Filter
Condition
Pressure
Drop
in. Pa (H20)
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
B. atrophaeus %
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
S. marcescens, %
Filtration
Efficiency for
Removal of
MS2 phage, %
Clean
236 (0.95)
99.4
99.5
99.3
Dust-loaded
478 (1.92)
99.7
99.8
99.6
The ASHRAE filtration efficiencies and the MERV are shown in Table 3. The filtration
efficiencies (average of the minimum composite efficiency) are presented by particle size
groupings: El, 0.3 to 1.0 //m; E2, 1.0 to 3.0 //m; and E3, 3.0 /j,m to 10 //m. The full ASHRAE
52.2 test results are provided in the appendix.
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Table 3. Summary of ASHRAE 52.2 Test for Filter # 1
Filter
El
0.3 to 1.0 //m, %
E2
1.0 to 3.0 jum, %
E3
3.0 to 10 jum, %
MERV
AAF BioCel® I
97
99
100
16 at 0.93 m3/sec
(1970 cfm)
The filtration efficiency for inert particles is plotted so that the efficiencies for particles from
0.03 iim to 10 fj,m can be observed (Figure 3). Note that this is a logarithmic (base 10) scale on
the X axis. Two instruments were used to obtain the measurements. The SMPS was used to
measure particles up to 0.5 iim and the OPC was used for particles from 0.3 to 10 //m. There is
good agreement in the size range covered by both instruments. These measurements were made
on a filter when clean and then when dust-loaded.
100-
90-
80-
70-
60-
-------
The quality assurance officer has reviewed the test results and the quality control data and has
concluded that the data quality objectives given in the approved Test/QA plan and shown in
Table 4 have been attained.
Table 4. DQOs for precision of filtration efficiency measurements for culturable bioaerosol
Data quality objective
Test organism
Spore-forming bacteria
(B. atrophaeus)
Vegetative bacteria
(S. marcescens)
Bacterial virus
(MS2 phage)
Precision of filtration
efficiency, %
± 8a
± lla
± 13a
a Based on +/- one standard deviation of penetration computed from the coefficient of variance
upstream and downstream culturable counts.
5.0 Limitations and Applications
This verification report addresses two performance measures of media air filters: filtration
efficiency and pressure drop. Users may wish to consider other performance parameters such as
service life and cost when selecting a general ventilation air filter for their application.
In accordance with the test/QA plan1, this verification statement is valid for 3 years following the
last signature added on the verification statement.
6.0 References
1.	RTI. 2003. Test/QA Plan for Biological Testing of General Ventilation Filters. Research
Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC.
2.	ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-1999, Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning
Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size, American National Standards
Institute/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
Atlanta, GA.
3.	NAF A (National Air Filtration Association). 2001. Product Certification Program
Procedural Guide Approved Version 1, Second Revision, February 2001. Virginia Beach,
VA.
6
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Appendix ASHRAE 52.2 Test Report
For AAF International Biocel I (Type SH) Filter
ASHRAE 52.2 TEST
REPORT
Manufacturer:
AAF International
Product Name:
BioCel I (TypeSH)
ETV Filter ID:
AAF2-A
RTI Report No.
AY07170301
Test Laboratory:
RTI
919-541-6941
7
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ASHRAE Std.
Page 1 of 3
52.2 Air Cleaner Performance Report Summary
This report applies to the tested device only.
Laboratory Data
RTI Report No.
AY07170301
Date 17-Jul-03

Test Laboratory
Operator
Research Triangle Institute
Link Supervisor Owen/Hanley

Particle Counters):
Brand Climet
Model 500

Device Manufacturer's Data
Manufacturer
AAF International


Product Name
BioCel I (TypeSH)


Product Model
PN 510-532-014


Test requested by
EPA


Sample obtained from
NAFA


Catalog rating:
Airflow rate
NA Initial dP (in. wg)
NA
Specified test conditions:
Airflow (cfm)
1970 Final dP (in. wg)
1.83

Face Velocity (fpm)
493

Device Description
Nominal Dimensions (in.):
24 x 24 x 12
(height x width x depth)

Generic name
rigid cell
Media color white

Amount and type of adhesive
NA


Other attributes
47 pleats


Test Conditions
Airflow (cfm)
1970 Temperature (F) 73 RH (%)
56
Face Velocity (fpm)
493 Final Pressure Drop (in. wg) 1.83

Test aerosol type:
Remarks
KCI


Resistance Test Results
Initial resistance (in. wg)
0.92
Final resistance (in. wg) 1.83

Minimum Efficiency Reporting Data
Composite average efficiencies E1 97
E2 99 E3
100
Air cleaner average Arrestance per Std 52.1:
NA

Minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) for the device:
16 at 1970
cfm




8
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40-
30-
20-
10-
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ReportNo. AY07170301
Research Triangle Institute
Initial Efficiency
After 1st loading
After 2nd loading
After 3rd loading
After 4th loading
After 5th loading
).1	1	10
Particle Diameter (micrometers)
Minimum Composite Curve
g 30
En 20
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Particle Diameter (micrometers)
Resistance to Airflow for Clean Filter
500 1000 1500 2000
Air Flow (cfm)
Figure A-1. Filtration Efficiency and Flow Resistance Curves
AAF International Biocel 1 (Type SH) Filter.
9
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TABULATED DATA SUMMARY
Report No. AY07170301
Research Triangle Institute
Summary of Test Conditions:
Product Manufacturer	AAF International
Product Name	BioCel I (Type SH)
Nominal Dimensions (in.)	24x24x 12
Airflow (cfm)	1970
Final Resistance (in. H20)	1.83
Efficiency (%) per Indicated Size Range
OPC Channel Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Min. Diam. (|jm)
0.3
0.4
0.55
0.7
1
1.3
1.6
2.2
3
4
5.5
7
Max. Diam. (|jm)
0.4
0.55
0.7
1
1.3
1.6
2.2
3
4
5.5
7
10
Geo. Mean Diam (|jm)
0.35
0.47
0.62
0.84
1.14
1.44
1.88
2.57
3.46
4.69
6.20
8.37
Run No.
Initial efficiency
AY07170302
94
97
98
99
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
after first dust load
AY07170303
95
97
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
after second dust load
AY07170304
98
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
after third dust load
AY07170305
99
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
after fourth dust load
AY07180301
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
after fifth dust load
AY07180302
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Minimum Composite Efficiency (%) 94 97 98 99 99 99 99 99 99 100 100 100
E1 =	97	(E1 is the average of the minimum composite efficiency values for particle diameters from 0.3 to 1 |jm.)
E2 =	99	(E2 is the average of the minimum composite efficiency values for particle diameters from 1 to 3 |jm.)
E3 = 100	(E3 is the average of the minimum composite efficiency values for particle diameters from 3 to 10 |jm.)
MERV: 16
Resistance to Airflow:
Airflow
Airflow
Airflow
Air Velocity
Air Velocity
Resistance
Resistance
(%)
(m3/s)
(cfm)
(fpm)
(m/s)
(in. H20)
(Pa)
50
0.465
985
246
1.251
0.39
97
75
0.697
1478
369
1.876
0.62
155
100
0.930
1970
493
2.502
0.92
228
125
1.162
2463
616
3.127
1.21
301
Resistance to Airflow with Loading at
0.93 m3/s
(1970 cfm)

Resistance
Resistance

(in. H20)
(Pa)
Initial
0.92
228
After first dust load
0.95
237
After second dust load
1.14
285
After third dust load
1.37
341
After fourth dust load
1.60
398
After fifth dust load
1.83
455
Weight gain of filter after completion of dust loading steps	161.8 g
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