FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
EPA'S Fiscal 1998 Working Capital Fund
Financial Statements
March 29, 2000

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Inspector General Division
Conducting the Audit:	Financial Audit Division
Washington, D.C.
Assist Staff:	ADP Audits and Assistance Staff
Washington, D.C.
Southern Audit Division
Research Triangle Park, NC
Atlanta, GA
Regions Covered:	Agency-wide
Program Offices Involved:
Office of the Chief Financial Officer
Office of Environmental Information

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MEMORANDUM
March 29, 2000
SUBJECT: EPA's Fiscal 1998 Working Capital
Fund Financial Statements
Audit Report No. 00100239
FROM: James O. Rauch /signed/
Assistant Inspector General for Audit (2421)
TO:	Michael W. S. Ryan
Acting Chief Financial Officer (271 OA)
Margaret N. Schneider
Deputy Assistant Administrator for
Office of Environmental Information (281 OA)
Attached is our audit report on EPA's fiscal year 1998 Working Capital Fund Financial
Statements. The report contains recommendations designed to improve the financial reporting
and overall operations of the Agency's Working Capital Fund. We discussed our findings with
your staff and issued a draft report on October 29, 1999. On February 16, 2000, we received
your written comments on the draft report and in a March 9, 2000, telephone conference we
received additional comments on the draft report. These comments are summarized in the final
report. We also included the complete written response in Appendix II. We appreciate the
cooperation your staff provided in completing this audit.
ACTION REQUIRED
In accordance with EPA Order 2750, we are requesting the Acting Chief Financial Officer,
as the primary action official, coordinate with the Deputy Assistant Administrator for Office of
Environmental Information and provide this office a written response to the audit report within 90
days of the final audit report date. For corrective actions planned but not completed by the
response date, reference to specific milestone dates will assist us in deciding whether or not to
close this report in our audit tracking system.

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2
The audit report contains findings that the Office of Inspector General (OIG) has
identified and corrective actions the OIG recommends. This audit report represents the opinion of
the OIG, and the findings in this audit report do not necessarily represent the final EPA position.
Final determinations on matters in this audit report will be made by EPA managers in accordance
with established EPA audit resolution procedures.
We have no objections to the release of this report to the public.
Should you or your staff have any questions about the report, please contact Ed Gekosky,
Divisional Inspector General for Audit, Financial Audit Division at 260-1072, or Paul Curtis of his
staff at 260-8442.
Attachment
cc: See Report Distribution List

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
During fiscal 1997, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) established a
Working Capital Fund (WCF or the Fund). The WCF provides EPA offices with postage,
computer and telecommunication services. Customers are responsible for determining their WCF
service requirements, planning and budgeting for these services, originating WCF Service
Agreements, monitoring consumption of WCF services and providing feedback on service quality.
OBJECTIVES
Our objective was to determine if EPA's fiscal 1998 WCF financial statements are fairly
presented. We also determined whether adequate internal controls over the Fund were in place,
and whether the Agency complied with applicable laws and regulations.
RESULTS IN BRIEF
We could not determine if EPA's fiscal 1998 WCF financial statements are fairly presented.
Weaknesses in the Agency's accounting for its property resulted in our being unable to determine
the proper balances for property and equipment net of accumulated depreciation and various
expense and equity accounts. This internal control weakness impacted not only the financial
statements, but also the overall management of the WCF operations. It resulted in WCF
managers and WCF Board members not having accurate or timely financial information on the
results of the Fund's operations. We consider the weaknesses in accounting for WCF property to
be a material weakness. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines material
weaknesses for financial statement purposes as situations where internal controls do not reduce to
a relatively low level, the risk that errors, fraud or noncompliance in amounts material to the
audited financial statements may occur and not be detected in a timely manner by employees in the
normal course of performing their assigned functions.
In evaluating compliance with laws and regulations, we found that the Agency's development of
fiscal 1998 WCF billing rates was inconsistent with the requirement that WCF rates be established
to return, in full, all expenses of operations. This requirement was established in EPA's fiscal
1997 Appropriations Act. EPA's rates for fiscal 1998 did not include rent, electricity, WCF staff
salaries and benefits, and finance and security costs associated with the operation of the Fund.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
To correct the weaknesses we identified, we recommend the Acting Chief Financial Officer and
the Deputy Assistant Administrator for the Office of Environmental Information direct the
Financial Reports and Analysis Branch, the National Technology Services Division and the WCF
Staff to work together to improve the process of adjusting the WCF property accounts by:
a.	maintaining clear documentation explaining the necessity of all adjusting entries and
how the adjustment amounts were computed, and
b.	requiring the WCF Staff concur with all WCF adjusting entries prior to the adjusting
entries being made.
We are not including a recommendation concerning the fiscal 1998 WCF billing rates because
during our fiscal 1997 WCF audit we made recommendations that when fully implemented should
correct weaknesses in this area.
AGENCY COMMENT AND OUR EVALUATION
In a memorandum dated February 2, 2000, the Acting Chief Financial Officer responded to our
draft report. In the response, he agreed with our recommendations; however, he disagreed with
some of the supporting information. Where appropriate, we made minor changes to the body of
the report to address these concerns. The Agency's complete response is included as Appendix II
to this report.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY	 i
INTRODUCTION	 i
OBJECTIVES	 i
RESULTS IN BRIEF 	 i
RECOMMENDATIONS	ii
AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION	ii
ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION 	1
PURPOSE	1
BACKGROUND ON THE WORKING CAPITAL FUND 	1
PRIOR AUDIT COVERAGE 	1
INSPECTOR GENERAL'S REPORT ON THE FISCAL 1998 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE WORKING CAPITAL FUND	3
DISCLAIMER OF OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	3
EVALUATION OF INTERNAL CONTROLS 	3
TESTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND REGULATIONS	9
RECOMMENDATIONS	9
RESPONSIBILITIES AND METHODOLOGY	11
EPA MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES	11
OIG RESPONSIBILITIES 	11
AUDIT METHODOLOGY	11
ATTACHMENT 1 - STATUS OF PRIOR AUDIT REPORT RECOMMENDATIONS
APPENDIX I FISCAL 1998 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE WORKING
CAPITAL FUND
APPENDIX II AGENCY'S RESPONSE TO THE DRAFT REPORT
APPENDIX III REPORT DISTRIBUTION LIST
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ABBREVIATIONS
CFO
Chief Financial Officer
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
ETSD
Enterprise Technology Services Division
FAS
Fixed Asset Subsystem
FMFIA
Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act
FMSD
Facilities Management and Services Division
FRAB
Financial Reports and Analysis Branch
IFMS
Integrated Financial Management System
OARM
Office of Administration and Resources Management
OC
Office of the Comptroller
OIG
Office of Inspector General
OMB
Office of Management and Budget
OTOP
Office of Information Technology Operations and Planning
RTP
Research Triangle Park
WCF
Working Capital Fund
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INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE
We performed this audit to determine if:
(1)	the Working Capital Fund (WCF) financial statements are fairly presented;
(2)	EPA management had established an internal control structure which provided reasonable
assurance that the Fund was properly accounted for, its assets were safeguarded, and its
transactions were executed in compliance with laws and regulations which could have a material
effect on the financial statements; and
(3)	EPA management complied with applicable laws and regulations which, if not followed, could
have a direct and material effect on the financial statements.
BACKGROUND ON THE WORKING CAPITAL FUND
EPA's WCF was established on October 1, 1996, to supply common administrative support
services to Agency customers which can be provided most economically and efficiently through
centralized coordination, direction and supervision. The WCF provides postage services, which
include all routine, day-to-day U.S. Postal services and special services; and Enterprise
Technology services, which include computer and telecommunication services. Current WCF
customers include EPA Headquarters and Regional offices. Customers determine service
requirements, plan and budget for WCF services, originate WCF Service Agreements, monitor
consumption of WCF services, and provide feedback on service quality.
PRIOR AUDIT COVERAGE
During last year's WCF financial statement audit, we reported weaknesses in the areas of:
! recording Fund revenue and expenses,
! developing WCF rates,
! accounting for Fund property, and
! developing procedures to timely return customer overbillings.
Attachment 1 summarizes the status of these prior audit report recommendations in each of these
areas. The Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as the Agency's Audit Follow-up Official, oversees
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EPA's follow-up on audit findings and recommendations, including resolution and implementation
of corrective actions. Final action on the recommendations occurs when the Agency completes
implementation of the corrective actions to remedy weaknesses identified in the audit. We
acknowledge that the Agency has taken actions to address some fiscal 1997 WCF financial
statement issues, and we will continue to work with the Office of the Chief Financial Officer in
helping to resolve outstanding issues.
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INSPECTOR GENERAL'S REPORT ON THE
FISCAL 1998 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE WORKING CAPITAL FUND
The Administrator
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
We undertook an audit of the fiscal 1998 financial statements for the Working Capital Fund
(WCF). The results of our audit work, including our evaluation of internal controls and tests of
compliance with laws and regulations follow.
DISCLAIMER OF OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We have examined the accompanying Statement of Financial Position of EPA's Working Capital
Fund and the related Statement of Operations and Changes in Net Position as of September 30,
1998, and for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of EPA
management.
WCF staff could not determine the proper balance of property and equipment, net of accumulated
depreciation; capitalized expenses; operating expenses; and the property transferred in component
of equity due to the lack of supporting documentation for property related adjustments made to
those accounts. WCF records do not permit the application of other auditing procedures to
property and equipment and related accounts.
Since the WCF staff could not support the balances and adjustments made to property and
equipment and related accounts, and we were not able to apply other auditing procedures to
satisfy ourselves as to the net book value of property and equipment and balances in capitalized
expenses, operating expenses, and equity, the scope of our work was not sufficient to enable us to
express, and we do not express, an opinion on these financial statements.
EVALUATION OF INTERNAL CONTROLS
We evaluated the Agency's internal control structure to determine: (1) the audit procedures
necessary to express an opinion on the WCF financial statements, and (2) whether the internal
controls provided reasonable assurance that:
! transactions are properly recorded, processed and summarized to permit the preparation
of reliable financial statements and to maintain accountability over assets;
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! transactions, including those related to obligations and costs, are executed in compliance
with applicable laws and regulations; and
! assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition.
Our objective in evaluating controls was not to express an opinion on controls. Accordingly, we
do not express such an opinion. Our evaluation would not necessarily disclose all matters in the
internal control structure that might be reportable conditions or material weaknesses. Because of
inherent limitations in any internal control structure, losses, noncompliance, or misstatements
could occur and not be detected. Also, projecting our evaluation of internal controls to future
periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or the degree of compliance with such controls may deteriorate.
Material Weakness
OMB Bulletin 98-08, "Audit Requirements for Federal Financial Statements," defines a material
weakness as a situation where internal controls do not reduce to a relatively low level, the risk
that errors, fraud or noncompliance in amounts material to the audited financial statements may
occur and not be detected in a timely manner by employees in the normal course of performing
their assigned functions. We consider weaknesses in the Agency's accounting for its WCF
property to be a material weakness. These weaknesses resulted in our being unable to determine
the proper balance of property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation; capitalized
expenses; operating expenses; and the property transferred in component of equity. More
importantly, weaknesses in accounting for WCF property affected the reliability and timeliness of
financial information available throughout the year to manage the Fund's operations. Monthly
Net Operating Results (NOR) Reports are prepared from the general ledger for the WCF Staff to
monitor costs and profits. The NOR reports were inaccurate because of the weaknesses in
accounting for WCF property. Without accurate financial information, appropriate management
decisions cannot be made. For example, the rebate amount had to be revised since property cost
information was originally understated. The initial rebate amount exceeded the Fund's profit
margin. This material weakness is more fully described below.
Further Improvements Are Needed in Accounting for WCF Capitalized Property
We have been reporting, for a number of years, that EPA needs to improve its accounting for
property. Weaknesses in the Agency's accounting procedures and supporting documentation for
property resulted in the Agency being unable to determine the value of WCF property as of
September 30, 1997. The results of this year's audit show that the Agency needs to continue to
improve its accounting for property. The finance staff made numerous adjusting entries to
property and equipment (general ledger accounts 1750, 1759, 1770, and 1779), related expense
accounts (610E and 612E), and equity accounts (3220). The entries made were to record,
expense, write-off, and reverse various amounts for beginning balances, property transferred in,
and current year activity in an attempt to arrive at fairly presented balances. However, in this
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process, an imbalance in offsetting object class amounts in the expense accounts was created with
corresponding effects on property and equity. The audit trail supporting these entries is unclear,
and we could not use alternate means to reconcile the accounts. Accordingly, we could not
determine whether property and equipment, net position, and operating expenses were fairly
presented.
As of the end of fiscal 1997, all WCF property was not identified in the Agency's Fixed Asset
Subsystem (FAS). In fiscal 1998, property was transferred to the WCF in FAS through manual
transactions. The WCF property transfer to FAS and the discrepancy with the fiscal 1997
balances required numerous adjusting entries be made to Equipment (account 1750),
Accumulated Depreciation for Equipment (1759), and Depreciation Expense-Exchange (671E)
accounts. Twenty adjusting entries were made to account 1750, 33 adjusting entries were made
to account 1759, and 55 adjusting entries were made to account 671E. These adjusting entries
such as: AV 90, AV 91, AV 97, SV 85 and JV 01, resulted in numerous debits and credits to
account 610E, account 612E, and the Prior Year Adjustment - Appropriation account (7403).
Many of the entries have unclear supporting documentation and detail, and do not provide a clear
audit trail. The result of these entries were balances ($17,846,499 and $19,839,930 in accounts
612E and 610E, respectively) without supporting object class codes. We believe the balances in
accounts 610E and 612E are misstated, but because of incomplete documentation, we are unable
to determine the proper balances in these accounts.
The balance in account (3220) should be equal to the net book value of all property that was
transferred into the Fund from other appropriations at the Fund's inception, October 1, 1996.
We do not believe that Financial Reports and Analysis Branch (FRAB) personnel properly
accounted for all EPA-held or contractor-held property that was to be transferred into the Fund at
its inception or considered the effects of the change in depreciation method because of the use of
FAS.
Further, at Research Triangle Park, we identified 36 WCF property items including components,
totaling $5,961,980 that met the capitalization criteria, that were either not recorded in FAS or
were not recorded timely or accurately in FAS. When property acquisitions are not recorded
timely or accurately in FAS, the available property data is not reliable and additional work must
be performed to reconcile the IFMS general journal with FAS. Items were not recorded timely or
accurately in FAS because: (1) property was delivered directly to a location where there were no
designated receiving personnel, (2) property personnel were not informed that the property had
been received, (3) procurement requests did not contain accurate and complete accounting
information, and (4) procurement requests for component pieces did not include information on
the parent property items.
At RTP, we also identified WCF property items costing $188,360, which were improperly
capitalized when they should have been expensed. These items were not properly expensed
because incorrect or incomplete information was included on the procurement request.
Subsequent to our audit work FRAB personnel corrected this error.
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To correct the weaknesses with regards to procurement requests, the Agency issued guidance
during October 1998 on how to prepare procurement requests for property, which was effective
immediately. We commend the Agency for establishing detailed instructions and examples on
how to prepare procurement requests to remedy these problems. In our report on the Agency-
wide fiscal 1998 financial statements, we recommended that the CFO and the Assistant
Administrator for Administration and Resources Management, continue to work to strengthen
controls designed to ensure that property is timely and accurately recorded in FAS by
reemphasizing to the appropriate Agency personnel their property management responsibilities.
In response to this recommendation, the Facilities Management Services Division (FMSD) will
issue a memorandum to remind Agency Senior Resource Officials: (1) to follow Agency property
management policy, and (2) to distribute Transmittal Notice No. 99-03, "Guidelines on Preparing
Requisitions for Property and Related Goods and Services," to their respective project officers,
ordering and fund certifying officers. Also, the Enterprise Technology Services Division1 (ETSD)
is scheduling a joint review session with Research Triangle Park-Financial Management and
Services Division (RTP-FMSD), RTP-Office of Acquisition Management, and FMD to address
WCF property accounting problems. ETSD is developing a plan of action for correcting these
problems. We concur with the Agency's planned corrective actions in this area.
Reportable Conditions
We identified the following two reportable conditions. OMB Bulletin 98-08 defines a reportable
condition as an internal control weakness that could adversely affect EPA's ability to ensure: (1)
transactions are executed in accordance with applicable laws; (2) assets are safeguarded against
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition; and (3) transactions are properly recorded,
processed, and summarized to permit the preparation of reliable financial statements in
accordance with Federal accounting standards.
Better Coordination and Sharing of Financial Information Between the WCF Business Office and
the WCF Staff Would Improve Fund Operations
ETSD Activity Managers are responsible for providing and overseeing all service delivery, except
postage. ETSD established a WCF Business Office to perform many of the administrative
functions for the Activity Managers. Agency WCF guidance documents do not specifically
mention the existence of the Business Office; therefore, the roles and responsibilities of the
Business Office are not clearly defined in the authoritative and policy documents of the WCF.
The lack of clearly defined roles and responsibilities for the Business Office has led to inadequate
coordination and sharing of financial information between the Business Office and the
Comptroller's WCF Staff which has affected the efficient and effective management of Fund
operations.
*As of October 24, 1999, the Enterprise Technology Services Division is now called the National Technology Services Division.
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There are clearly defined roles and responsibilities for the CFO, WCF Board, WCF Staff,
Comptroller, and Activity Managers. However, the WCF Business Office, which manages the
administrative side of the service delivery process, does not have a clearly defined role. The lack
of clearly defined roles and responsibilities for the WCF Business Office has complicated and
hindered the development of effective coordination mechanisms between ETSD entities and the
WCF Staff. The lack of coordination between ETSD and the WCF Staff impacts the ability of
the Financial Management Division to prepare timely and fairly presented WCF financial
statements. The sharing of management and financial information between the ETSD entities and
the WCF staff is also needed for the successful management of the Fund.
The lack of a clearly defined role for the Business Office and the lack of effective coordination
between ETSD and the WCF Staff has resulted in the Fund not having timely and reliable financial
information. For example, on September 30, 1998, the CFO authorized the issuance of a
significant revenue rebate to WCF customers. Without timely, reliable financial information, the
WCF Staff did not know whether or not it should recommend this rebate until the last few days of
fiscal 1998. After the CFO approved the rebate methodology, the WCF staff and the Business
Office worked to develop September's estimated revenue and costs and rebate percentage to be
applied to the WCF services. Initial rebate amounts were then recorded in the September 1998
Billing Statements. Subsequently, the WCF Staff had to revise and decrease the rebate amount
due to errors in the depreciation expense. Because ETSD did not have all the WCF property
entered in the Agency's Fixed Asset System (FAS), WCF depreciation computations were
understated and had to be adjusted. When WCF depreciation expenses were increased it created
a loss situation that then led to the reduction of the rebate to cover the loss. The revised rebate
was recorded as an adjustment to the September Billing Statements. Having to rebate funds and
then later revise such rebates, hurts the customers confidence in the reliability of the Fund's
management reports.
Fund customers and managers need timely and reliable financial information; however, monthly
WCF Billing Statements and Consumption Reports were not available for customers or Activity
Managers use until April 1998. The lateness of the Billing Statements and Consumption Reports
was due to contractor problems, but it was not clear whose responsibility it was to see that the
contractor resolve these problems. Because these problems were not resolved in a timely manner,
critical information for fiscal 1998 operations was not available until half way through fiscal 1998.
Until these reports were available, customers did not know if their WCF services were being billed
as expected, or if their rate of service consumption was as anticipated. This caused frustration
and discontent among customers because they were unable to determine the proper funding
allocation needed for WCF services. Activity Managers also rely on these reports. The
mainframe activity manager stated that because he did not have these reports he was not aware of
the significant under-recovery of mainframe costs until he reviewed the Billing Statements.
Although the Office of the Comptroller (OC) and the Office of Information Technology
Operations and Planning (OTOP) do not agree that inadequate coordination and sharing of
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financial information between ETSD and the WCF Staff affected the efficiency and effectiveness
of WCF operations, they did agree improvements were needed in the WCF processes. OC and
OTOP are in the process of examining all aspects of WCF operations and will ensure that all
functions and responsibilities within the WCF operations are clearly defined and delineated.
Automated Application Processing Controls for the Integrated Financial Management System
Could Not Be Assessed
We continue to be unable to assess the adequacy of the automated internal control structure for
accounting transactions contained in the Agency's Integrated Financial Management System
(IFMS). During past audits, we reported that the Agency's documentation for the system did not
contain the level of detail necessary to construct tests of automated internal controls necessary for
a financial statement audit. Agency management believes the documentation is sufficiently
detailed in the context of their legacy system although they acknowledge that the IFMS data
dictionary could be improved. However, management also believes that data dictionary
enhancements would not be cost effective considering the system's maturity, and concurs with a
recent Department of Treasury review which recommends that the Agency defer development of
a detailed data dictionary until it is ready to transition to a new system. We plan to obtain and
access the Treasury review team's analysis concerning documentation requirements, as part of our
fiscal 1999 financial statement audit. In addition, we will continue to participate as a consultant
on the Agency's workgroup to replace the payroll system. Our report on EPA's fiscal 1998
Agency-wide financial statements ( Report Number 99B0003) issued September 28, 1999,
provides further detail on this issue.
Comparison of EPA'S FMFIA Report with Our Evaluation of Internal Controls
As required by OMB Bulletin 98-08, we compared EPA's Federal Managers' Financial Integrity
Act (FMFIA or the Integrity Act) Report with our evaluation of the Agency's internal control
systems. For reporting under FMFIA, material weaknesses are defined differently than they are
defined for financial statement audit purposes. OMB Circular A-123, "Management
Accountability and Control" defines a material weakness as a deficiency that the Agency head
determines to be significant enough to be reported outside the Agency. OMB Bulletin 98-08
defines a material weakness as a weakness in controls that creates a risk that errors, fraud or
noncompliance in amounts material to the financial statements could occur and not be timely
detected.
As a part of the fiscal 1998 Integrity Act process, the Agency reported a material weakness in the
Agency's information security planning that could impact the WCF. Information security
programs must include the development and maintenance of information security plans, and a
strategy to conduct management reviews. To date, this has not occurred. Without effective
information security plans, EPA is vulnerable to unauthorized access, use, modification or
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destruction of its information resources. The Agency is in the process of implementing corrective
action strategies.
The material weakness we identified that affected the WCF financial statements was not reported
in the Agency's FMFIA report. We do not believe this weakness meets the criteria for reporting
of material weaknesses under FMFIA.
TESTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND REGULATIONS
We tested compliance with those laws and regulations that could either materially affect the WCF
Fund financial statements, or that OMB or we considered significant to the audit. The objective
of our audit, including our tests of compliance with applicable laws and regulations, was not to
provide an opinion on overall compliance with such provisions. Accordingly, we do not express
such an opinion.
In testing the Agency's compliance with laws and regulations during our fiscal 1997 audit, we
found the Agency's development of fiscal 1997 WCF billing rates was inconsistent with EPA's
fiscal 1997 Appropriations Act which required WCF rates to be established that would return in
full all expenses of operations. The Working Capital Fund Board decided to exclude certain
costs, including rent, electricity, WCF staff salaries and benefits, and finance and security costs in
developing the fiscal 1997 billing rates. The WCF also excluded those costs as expenses and
related payables in the fiscal 1997 financial statements. For fiscal 1998, the Agency did record
these costs as expenses in the WCF financial statements; however, the WCF rates established for
fiscal 1998 still did not return in full all expenses of operations. We made recommendations
concerning this issue during our fiscal 1997 WCF financial statement audit. The Agency is
currently implementing these recommendations, so we are not making any additional
recommendations concerning the development of WCF billing rates. The Agency expects, during
fiscal 2000, to consider all costs in the development of the WCF rates.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. We recommend the Acting Chief Financial Officer and the Deputy Assistant Administrator for
the Office of Environmental Information direct the Financial Reports and Analysis Branch, the
National Technology Services Division and the WCF Staff to work together to improve the
process of adjusting the WCF property accounts by:
a.	maintaining clear documentation explaining the necessity of all adjusting entries and
how the adjustment amounts were computed, and
b.	requiring that the WCF Staff concur with all WCF adjusting entries prior to the
adjusting entries being made.
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2. We recommend that the Comptroller and the Director, OTOP continue to work toward
improving WCF operations and ensuring that all aspects of WCF operations are clearly defined
and delineated.
Agency Comments and QIG Evaluation
The Acting CFO agreed with our recommendations. His staff plans to: (1) develop WCF specific
standard operating procedures for WCF property adjusting entries, and (2) will conduct an
organizational study to evaluate the NTSD Business Office to ensure that all WCF functions and
responsibilities are clearly delineated among all appropriate parties conducting WCF Business (the
audit report refers to the NTSD Business Office as the WCF Business Office).
While agreeing with our recommendations, the Acting CFO disagreed with some of our
supporting documentation. Where appropriate, we made minor changes to the body of the report
to address these concerns.
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RESPONSIBILITIES AND METHODOLOGY
EPA MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
EPA's management is responsible for:
! preparing annual financial statements;
! establishing and maintaining a system of internal controls; and
! complying with applicable laws and regulations.
OIG RESPONSIBILITIES
We are responsible for:
! auditing the financial statements to determine if the statements are free of material
misstatements and presented fairly in accordance with the basis of accounting described in
Note 1 to the financial statements, and
! evaluating related internal controls and testing compliance with applicable provisions of
laws and regulations.
AUDIT METHODOLOGY
In order to fulfill our responsibilities we:
! examined on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements;
! assessed the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management;
! evaluated the overall presentation of the financial statements;
! obtained an understanding of the significant internal control structure policies and
procedures and assessed the level of control risk relevant to the following significant
cycles, classes of transactions, and account balances:
! Billings and Receivables
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!	Disbursements and Operating Expenses
!	Payroll
!	Property
!	Budget and Obligations
!	Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
!	General Accounting and Financial Reporting
! tested significant manual controls to determine whether the controls were effective;
! obtained an understanding of management's process for evaluating and reporting on internal
controls and accounting systems as required by FMFIA;
! compared the material weaknesses reported in the Agency's FMFIA report to the results of
our evaluation of internal controls; and
! tested compliance with applicable sections of laws and regulations that could either
materially affect the financial statements or that OMB or our office considered significant to the
audit.
Detailed system documentation was not available that would allow us to develop an
understanding of the IFMS automated control structure and to test these controls.
Details of Audit Field Work
We selected statistical and non-statistical samples from EPA's detailed accounting records
supporting various financial statement amounts. We tested these sample transactions to determine
if they were adequately supported by documentation and were recorded in accordance with
internal control policies and procedures and applicable laws and regulations. We also reviewed
other supporting documentation, such as worksheets and schedules, that the Agency used in
preparing its financial statements. In addition, we applied certain analytical review procedures to
account balances.
The financial management records and supporting documentation we reviewed were maintained
by offices in Research Triangle Park, the Office of the Chief Financial Officer, various offices
within the Office of Information Technology Operations and Planning, and by Headquarters
program offices. To gain an understanding of established internal control procedures, and to
evaluate these controls, we also interviewed personnel in these offices and reviewed applicable
policies and procedures.
Our fieldwork for the audit was performed from June 15, 1998 through July 8, 1999.
Except as previously discussed in this report, we conducted our audit work in accordance with:
generally accepted auditing standards; the standards applicable to financial audits contained in the
Government Auditing Standards (1994 Revision), issued by the Comptroller General of the
EPA's Fiscal 1998 Working Capital Fund Financial Statements
Report No. 001000239
12

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United States; and OMB Bulletin No. 98-08, as amended January 25, 1999. These standards
require that we plan and perform our audits to obtain reasonable assurance that the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. We believe that our audit work provides a
reasonable basis for our disclaimer of an opinion.
James O. Rauch /signedi
Assistant Inspector General for Audit
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
July 8, 1999
EPA's Fiscal 1998 Working Capital Fund Financial Statements
Report No. 001000239
13

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STATUS OF PRIOR AUDIT REPORT FINDINGS
ATTACHMENT 1
Report Findings
and Recommendations
Management Comments and Corrective Action Plans
Target
Date
Status
AUDIT OF EPA'S FISCAL 1997
WCF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Audit Report No. E1AML7-20-8100166)



We recommended that the Chief Financial
Officer:



1.0 Direct the WCF Staff to record a WCF
Revenue accrual entry, so WCF service revenue
will be recognized at the time the service is
performed.
WCF Staff will work with FSD, FMD and service providers to develop
procedures for recognizing revenue and associated costs.
08/31/98
Completed
08/11/98
2.0 Allocate rent, utilities, WCF salaries and
benefits, and finance and security costs to the
WCF and include these costs in the WCF
financial statements. Revise the Agency's policy
on the WCF rates to state that they must return in
full all expenses of operations.
WCF staff will work with service providers to identity costs associated
with the WCF operations and will consider all costs in the development
of the rates.
10/31/99
revised to
12/15/99
Open
3.0 Direct the WCF Staff to reconcile the
differences between the value of EPA's WCF
property recorded in the general ledger and on the
Enterprise Technology Service Division's Capital
Asset Listing.
WCF Staff will work with ETSD, FMD, and FSD to ensure the WCF
property listing in the general ledger is accurate for WCF operations.
OIG Note: Problems continue to exist with EPA's WCF property. See
material weakness on WCF property.
08/31/98
Completed
09/30/98
OIG Note
4.0 Direct the WCF Staff and WCF Board to
prepare an Agency policy on when and how to
issue WCF service refunds so that excess revenues
can be returned in a timely and efficient manner.
WCF staff will ensure policy changes regarding rebates and refunds
generated by WCF operations are developed and promulgated to EPA
community.
09/15/98
revised to
12/15/99
Open
EPA's Fiscal 1998 Working Capital Fund Financial Statements
Report No. 001000239

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APPENDIX I
FISCAL 1998 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE WORKING CAPITAL FUND

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Environmental Protection Agency Working Capital Fund
Statement of Financial Position
As of September 30, 1998
(Dollars in Thousands)
ASSETS:
Entity Assets:
Intragovernmental Assets:
Balance with Treasury (Note 2)	$41,040
Advances and Prepayments	1
Governmental Assets:
Operating Materials and Supplies, Net (Note 3)	13
Advances and Prepayments	3
Property and Equipment, Net (Note 4)	15,379
Other Governmental Assets	5.319
Total Assets	$61.755
LIABILITIES:
Intragovernmental Liabilities:
Accounts Payable	$ 1,303
Other Intragovernmental Liabilities (Note 5)	12,962
Governmental Liabilities:
Accounts Payable	18,316
Other Governmental Liabilities (Note 5)	719
Total Liabilities	33.300
NET POSITION (Note 6)
Balances:
Paid in Capital	23,293
Cumulative Results of Operations	5.162
Total Net Position	28.455
Total Liabilities and Net Position	$61.755

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Environmental Protection Agency Working Capital Fund
Statement of Operations and Changes in Net Position
As of September 30, 1998
(Dollars in Thousands)
REVENUE AND FINANCING SOURCES
Revenues from Services to the Public	$118,309
Other Revenues and Financing Sources	6,584
Less Rebate - WCF	6.696
Total Revenues and Financing Sources	118.197
EXPENSES
Program or Operating Expenses (Note 8)	98,748
Imputed Expenses	6,584
Depreciation and Amortization	8,570
Funded Accrued Annual Leave	135
Loss on Sale of Assets		53
Total Funded Expenses	114.090
Excess (Shortage) of Revenues and
Financing Sources Over Total Expenses	$ 4.107
NET POSITION
Net Position, Beginning Balance	$ 20,550
Excess (Shortage) of Revenues and
Financing Sources Over Total Expenses	4,107
Plus (Minus) Non Operating Changes (Note 7)	3.798
Net Position, Ending Balance
$ 28.455

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Environmental Protection Agency Working Capital Fund
Notes to Financial Statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
The WCF provides common administrative support services to Agency customers which
can be provided most economically and efficiently through centralized coordination, direction and
supervision.
The WCF was authorized pursuant to Section 403 of the Government Management
Reform Act (GMRA) of 1994, Public Law 103-356 as one of six franchise fund pilots.
Subsequent authorization contained in the EPA 1998 Appropriations Act, Public Law 105-65,
established permanent WCF authority.
The WCF operates in accordance with EPA and Federal policies, procedures and
guidelines, including those of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Treasury, Federal
Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB), and Joint Financial Management Improvement
Program (JMFIP). The WCF accounting is accomplished through the Agency's Integrated
Financial Management System (IFMS) which meets Federal financial management standards. The
WCF Board has the authority to recommend adoption of other procedures and guidance to the
Chief Financial Officer (CFO) for approval.
The Agency's CFO oversees development, implementation and operation of WCF
policies and systems. The CFO makes final WCF decisions and is ultimately responsible for the
financial health of the WCF. The CFO also approves WCF rates and the addition or elimination
of WCF services based on recommendations made by the WCF Board and provides final ruling on
appeals that cannot be resolved at a lower level.
The WCF Board is an advisory body to the CFO. It provides policy and planning
oversight and advises the CFO relative to the financial condition of the Fund. The Board is
chaired by the Deputy CFO. Board membership consists of senior executives from the
Headquarters offices, the lead Region for Management, the backup Region for Management and
two ad hoc Regional representatives. Specific membership is delineated in the WCF Board
Charter which also defines specific roles and responsibilities.
The WCF Staff is organizationally located in the Immediate Office of the Comptroller
(OC). The WCF Program Manager serves as the WCF Staff team leader and reports to the
Comptroller. The WCF Staff provides overall management and coordination of the WCF and
provides administrative support to the WCF Board. Responsibilities include overseeing
management of Fund operations, coordinating formulation of the WCF budget and monitoring
execution, and acting as liaison to the WCF service providers and customers.

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WCF Activity Managers, designated by the appropriate Office Director, have management
responsibility for providing service delivery to the customer community.
Current WCF customers include EPA Headquarters offices and Regional offices and can
also include other Federal agencies. Customers determine service requirements, plan and budget
for WCF services, originate WCF Service Agreements, monitor consumption of WCF services
and provide feedback on service quality.
All financial management activities of the WCF are conducted at the highest level of
integrity through disclosure of current and accurate financial information to include appropriate
documentation. All actions and financial activities of the WCF will be subject to independent
review and audit under the supervision of the Office of the Inspector General.
DEFINITIONS.
a.	Working Capital Fund. A Working Capital Fund is a type of intra governmental
revolving fund. It is a funding mechanism and accounting entity that is authorized by law
to finance a cycle of operations in which the income needed to cover the costs for goods
or services provided is recovered through offsetting collections from the users. The
income is available without fiscal year limitation.
b.	Franchise Fund. An intra governmental revolving fund similar in concept to a WCF.
Franchise Funds were authorized pursuant to Section 403 of the Government
Management Reform Act (GMRA) of 1994. Services are competitively provided to
Federal entities in compliance with the guidelines provided through GMRA.
c.	WCF Activity Service Provider. An Agency organizational unit that provides goods or
services to customers with the subsequent offsetting collections from the customers
received by the WCF to recover the costs incurred to provide the goods and services.
d.	WCF Service Agreement. A document which represents the customer's order for WCF
goods or services and the agreement to fund those services and the service provider's
agreement to provide those services.

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Note 2. Fund Balances with Treasury:
The Treasury maintains EPA's Working Capital Revolving Fund account and processes all of
EPA's receipts and disbursements. The available balances are for payment of EPA's obligations
under its Working Capital Fund program. The restricted balances pertain to Working Capital
Fund advances received but not earned.
Fiscal Year	Available	Restricted	Total
1998	$ 28.078	$ 12.962	$ 41.040
Note 3. Operating Materials and Supplies, Net:
Fiscal Year Items Held for Use	Value	Valuation Method
1998	General Operations Supplies -WCF	$ 13	Actual Cost
Total	$ 13
Note 4. Property, Plant, and Equipment: Fiscal Year 1998
WCF property, plant and equipment consists primarily of computer and related equipment items
held by the Agency and contractors. In 1997, the WCF was created by GMRA and the assets
held by the other appropriations were transferred to the fund via manually maintained
spreadsheets. Also, the Agency implemented the Fixed Assets Subsystem (FAS). The FAS
replaced the Personal Property Accountability System (PPAS) as the system of record for EPA-
held personal property.
Purchases of EPA-held and contractor-held personal equipment are capitalized if the equipment is
valued at $25 thousand or more and has an estimated useful life of at least two years. With the
implementation of the FAS, all EPA-held personal equipment converted were assumed to have an
estimated useful life of five years. New acquisitions of EPA-held personal equipment are
depreciated using straight-line method based on the asset's specific useful life, ranging from two
to 15 years. Contractor-held personal equipment is depreciated on a modified straight-line basis
over a period of six years, depreciating 10% the first and six years and 20% in years two through
five.
The fiscal 1997 ending balances were adjusted because of certain over/under statements. Further
information obtained in fiscal year 1998 revealed that: 1) property inventoried was determined to
be WCF property that had not been transferred to WCF in fiscal 1997 as desired, and 2) a

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reconciliation between the manually maintained spreadsheets supporting fiscal 1997 property
figures and property converted and subsequently entered into FAS revealed differences.
The cumulative effect of the above mentioned fiscal 1997 items resulted in a total net adjustment
to property, plant and equipment for WCF of $3.6 million, with a corresponding adjustment to the
capital asset component of equity. There was no effect to the Statement of Operations and
Changes in Net Position.
EPA-Held Equipment - Fiscal Year	1998
Beginning Balance - Equipment	$ 42,091
Adjustments	1,516
Property, Plant and Equipment-Transferred from Pred. Appro.		—
Adjusted Beginning Balance - Equipment	43,607
Purchases - Fiscal 1998	4,190
Disposals - Fiscal 1998	(8.105")
Ending Balance - Equipment	$ 39.693
Beginning Balance - Accumulated Depreciation	$ (31,775)
Adjustments 2,109
Depreciation Transferred from Pred. Appro.		—
Adjusted Beginning Balance - Accumulated Depreciation	(29,665)
Depreciation - Fiscal 1998	(5,524)
Disposals	8.051
Ending Balance - Accumulated Depreciation	$ (27.13 8)
Net Book Value	$ 12.555
Contractor - Held Equipment	1998
Beginning Balance - Equipment	$ 25,690
FY-96 and Prior Years PP&E Trans. From Pred. Appro.	—
Adjustments	(3,065)
Ending Balance - Equipment	$ 22.625

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Beginning Balance - Accumulated Depreciation	$ (21,165)
Depreciation Transferred From Predecessor Appropriations	—
Adjustments	4,410
Adjusted Beginning Balance	(16,754)
Current Year Depreciation	(3,046)
Ending Balance - Accumulated Depreciation	(19.801^)
Net Book Value	$ 2.825
Total Net Book Value	$ 15.379
Note 5. Other Liabilities - Federal:
Fiscal Year	1998
Intragovernmental Liabilities	$ 12.962
Governmental Liabilities: Funded
Accrued Funded Payroll	380
Accrued Annual Leave	339
Total Governmental Liabilities	$ 719

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Note 6. Total Net Position:
The total net position of EPA's Working Capital revolving fund represents the financial position
of this fund after consideration of the net effects of operations in the current year and the
cumulative effects of all prior years. These amounts are not based on appropriated capital, but on
reimbursable obligation authority. Invested capital represents the book value, net of depreciation,
of Working Capital Fund resources invested in equipment. Cumulative Results of Operations
represents the cumulative deficit or surplus from the funds' operations.
Fiscal Year	1998
Invested Capital	$ 23,293
Cumulative Results of Operations	5.162
Total Net Position	$ 28.455
Note 7. Non-Operating Changes:
The Non-Operating Changes resulted from fixed assets transferred-in from other Treasury
symbols within EPA and other non-operating increases and decreases.
Fiscal Year	1998
Property Transferred in from other Appropriations	$ 3,360
Unfunded Annual Leave Transferred In	(135)
Other	573
Net Non-Operating Changes	$ 3.798

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Note 8. Program or Operating Expenses:
Operating Expenses by Object Classification
1998
1) Personal Services and Benefits
$ 4,978
2) Travel and Transportation
492
3) Rental, Communication and Utilities
21,598
4) Printing and Reproduction
99
5) Contractual Services
65,996
6) Supplies and Materials
340
7) Equipment not Capitalized
5,016
8) Land and Structures
—
9) Grants, Subsidies and Contributions
229
Total Expenses by Object Class	$ 98.748

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APPENDIX II
AGENCY'S RESPONSE TO THE DRAFT REPORT

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February 2, 2000
MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: Draft Audit Report of EPA's Fiscal 1998 Working
Capital Fund Financial Statements
FROM: Michael W. S. Ryan /s/
Acting Chief Financial Officer (271 OA)
TO:	James O. Rauch
Assistant Inspector General for Audit (2421)
Thank you for providing us the opportunity to comment on the draft audit report of the
Fiscal Year 1998 Working Capital Fund Financial Statement and to provide our response to the
recommendations made in that document. We appreciate the Office of the Inspector General's
assistance in identifying areas where we can make improvements in the management of the Fund.
Attachment I contains comments on the draft audit report. Attachment II contains the
Agency consolidated response to the recommendations made in the report, including planned
actions and dates. Attachment III is a revised action plan for the items remaining open from the
Fiscal Year 1997 Working Capital Fund Financial Statement Audit.
The various organizations having responsibilities affecting the Working Capital Fund
recognize the need for improvements in our policies, procedures and processes and, as the action
plans described in the attached documents attest, we are working together to make those
improvements. We welcome your continued participation in our efforts.
If you have any questions regarding our response, please contact Juliette McNeil, Acting
Director of the Financial Management Division at 202-564-4905.
Attachments

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Attachment I
COMMENTS ON Till DRAFT AUDIT REPORT OF EPA's
FISCAL YEAR 1998 WORKING CAPITAL FUND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Draft Audit (page 5. paragraph 4): The report states "At RTP, we also identified WCF
property items costing $188,360, which were improperly capitalized when they should have been
expensed. As a result, the value of EPA's WCF property and equipment was overstated, and its
expenses were understated".
Comment: This is an erroneous statement. An adjusting entry was made to expense the
$188,360 in property prior to the end of fiscal year 1998. Consequently, the 1998
property balance was not overstated by that amount nor expenses understated.
Draft Audit (page 7. paragraph 3): The report states "Until these reports were available,
customers did not know if their WCF services were being billed as expected, or if their rate of
service consumption was as anticipated. This caused frustration and discontent among customers
and may have been a factor leading to the unwillingness of customers to fully fund their service
agreements until late in fiscal 1998".
Comment: OCFO did not require full funding of FY1998 service agreements until
September 11, 1998, when the Comptroller issued a memo calling for full funding. Until
that time, OCFO guidance (Comptroller memo dated February 9, 1998) asked customers
to fund the service agreements at the 85% level.

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Attachment II
CONSOLIDATED RESPONSE TO RECOMMENDATIONS IN
THE DRAFT AUDIT REPORT OF EPA's
FISCAL 1998 WORKING CAPITAL FUND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
RECOMMENDATIONS/RESPONSE
1.0 We recommend the Chief Financial Officer and the Deputy Assistant Administrator for
the Office of Environmental Information direct the Financial Reports and Analysis Branch,
the National Technology Services Division and the WCF Staff to work together to improve
the process of adjusting the WCF property accounts by:
a.	maintaining clear documentation explaining the necessity of all adjusting entries and
how the adjustment amounts were completed, and
b.	requiring that the WCF Staff concur with all WCF adjusting entries prior to the
adjusting entries being made.
RESPONSE: We agree that all adjustments to the property accounts need to be fully
documented by the individuals and offices making the adjustments and concurrence obtained
beforehand from all applicable parties.
Corrective Action	Target Date
Develop WCF specific standard operating procedures	May 15, 2000
for WCF property adjusting entries.
2. We recommend that the Comptroller and the Director, OTOP continue to work toward
improving WCF operations and ensuring that all aspects of WCF operations are clearly
defined and delineated.
RESPONSE: We recognize that close coordination among the offices that share responsibility for
various aspects of the WCF is essential for the successful operation of the WCF. We will continue
to work together to identify and implement improvements. The WCF staff is leading an effort, in
cooperation with all affected offices, to review the full range of WCF operations to improve these
processes. As an outcome of this review, we will ensure that all functions and responsibilities within
the WCF operations are clearly defined and delineated.

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Corrective Action
Target Date
Conduct an organizational study to	June 1, 2000
evaluate the NTSD Business Office to ensure that
the WCF functions and responsibilities among
all appropriate parties conducting WCF business
are clearly delineated (the audit report refers to the
NTSD Business Office as the WCF Business Office).
Facilities Management Services Division (FMSD) to	December 31, 1999
issue a Notice to all Agency Senior Resource Officials
asking them to ensure that project officers, ordering
officials and fund certifying officers follow Agency
property management policy and Comptroller
Transmittal Notice No. 99-03, "Guidelines on Preparing
Requisitions for Property and Related Goods and
Services" to their respective project officers, ordering,
and fund certifying officers.

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Attachment III
WCF AUDIT ACTION PLAN FOR REMAINING FY97 ACTIONS
RECOMMENDATION
COMMENTS
MILESTONE
DATE
Allocate rent, utilities, WCF Staff salaries and
benefits and finance & security costs to the
WCF and include these costs in WCF financial
statements. Revise the Agency's policy on the
WCF rates to state that they must return in full
all expenses of operation.
Agree
August 15, 2000
Direct the WCF Staff and the WCF Board to
prepare an Agency policy on when and how to
issue WCF service refunds so that excess
revenues can be returned in a timely & efficient
manner.
Agree
June 15, 2000

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APPENDIX III
REPORT DISTRIBUTION LIST
Comptroller (2731)
Director, Office of Technology Operations and Planning (3401)
Director, Headquarters and Desktop Services Division (3409)
Director, National Technology Services Division, OTOP, RTP, NC
Director, Financial Management Division (2733R)
Director, Financial Services Division (2734R)
Working Capital Fund Team Leader (2731)
Chief, RTP Financial Management Center
Chief, Financial Reports and Analysis Branch (2733R)
Chief, Financial Policies, Procedures, and Compliance Branch (2733R)
Kathy Sedlack O'Brien, Agency Audit Follow-up Coordinator (2724)
Brigid Rapp, Audit Liaison for the Office of the Chief Financial Officer (2710)
Saundra Womack-Butler, Audit Liaison for the Office of Administration and
Resources Management (3102)
Linda Garrison, Audit Liaison for the Office of Information Technology Operations
and Planning (3402)
Tom Pastore, Audit Liaison for the Office of Administration (3201)
A1 Demarcki, Audit Liaison for the Financial Management Division and the
Financial Services Division (2733R)
Roland Cyr, Audit Liaison for the Financial Audit Division (2422)
Working Capital Fund Board Members:
Jim Newsom, Region 3
Michael Peyton, Region 4
Herb Barrack, Region 2
Nat Scurry, Region 7
Debbie Ingram, Office of General Counsel (2311 A)
Diane Regas, Office of Water (4101)
John Jones, Office of Inspector General (2441)
Beth Craig, Office of Air and Radiation (6101 A)
John Sandy, Office of Administration and Resources Management (3102A)
Steve Johnson, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (7101)
Dennis DeVoe, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201 A)
Dev Barnes, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (5101)
Peter Durant, Office of Research and Development (8102R)
Frank Rusincovitch, Office of the Administrator (1104)
Joan Fidler, Office of International Activities (2680R)
A1 Pesachowitz, Office of Environmental Information (281 OA)

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For additional copies of this report, please contact:
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of the Inspector General
Financial Audit Division
Mail Code 2422
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20460
Telephone: 202-260-1397
FAX: 202-260-1398

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