ENERGY STAR
2007 Professional Engineer's Guide
to the ENERGY STAR ® Label
for Commercial Buildings
<,«> sr„,
sT NS>
i O \
US Environmental Protection Agency § "
Office of Air and Radiation 2007
c<-°
^ PRO"^
-------
Introduction
Since January 1999, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has provided the public with
the means to quickly and easily assess, or benchmark, the energy performance of commercial buildings
relative to similar buildings in the United States. Accounting for the most significant drivers of energy
intensity such as weather and operating characteristics, a building whose performance is among the
nation's top 25 percent (equal to an energy performance rating of 75 or greater on a 1 to 100 scale) and
prove to maintain a healthy and productive indoor environment can qualify as an ENERGY STAR
building.
EPA's Portfolio Manager is an on-line, interactive, software tool that makes benchmarking energy
performance simple and accessible. Portfolio Manager is based on statistical models developed by the
US EPA that correlates energy data to operational characteristics for each building to identify the key
drivers of energy use1. Based on your building's physical and operating characteristics, such as size,
number of workers, operating hours per week, number of PCs, etc., the rating system evaluates and
communicates the energy performance of a building relative to other buildings with similar characteristics
in the United States.
After the building's energy performance is assessed, users can apply for the ENERGY STAR label by
completing an Application Letter and a Statement of Energy Performance (See Appendix C). The
Statement of Energy Performance is a stand-alone document designed to communicate not only a
building's energy performance, but also its physical characteristics, operating characteristics, and
conformance to current indoor environmental standards. Once validated by a professional engineer (PE),
the Statement of Energy Performance becomes an official document that can be used to apply for the
ENERGY STAR label. The role of the PE is essential to certify true superior energy performance in
conjunction with an indoor environment conforming to industry accepted standards.
Professional Engineers provide unbiased engineering services and are legally bound to uphold standards
of ethics. Because of this high level of professionalism, experience, and expertise, a PE is required to
validate each Statement of Energy Performance that is used to apply for the ENERGY STAR label.
Namely, the PE's key role is to verify that all data supplied to EPA is correct and the building is fully
functional in accordance with industry standards. The PE is not obligated to count up each individual
building attribute, but should be able to use his/her professional judgment to assess whether a healthy
and comfortable work environment exists in the building (and has not been compromised in pursuit of
energy conservation). Additionally, the PE must verify that all information provided in the Statement of
Energy Performance and within Portfolio Manager is accurate. Services performed by PEs in connection
with the ENERGY STAR label shall in no way be construed to diminish or otherwise modify the
responsibilities or liability of the original designer or operator of the building.
Validating a Statement of Energy Performance requires the PE to review two categories of user-provided
information. These verifications by the PE are one step in the rigorous review process of a label
application. For more on the on the labeling application process, which is at the responsibility of the
building owner/manager, see Appendix F.
I. The PE must verify that the data entered about the building are accurate. This includes verifying the
building's physical characteristics, operating characteristics, and energy consumption. The building
characteristics are displayed on the Statement of Energy Performance and must be verified through
a site visit by the PE. Checklists of these items are also provided at the end of modules 1, 2, and 3.
II. During the site visit the PE must also verify that it conforms to current industry standards for indoor
environment including temperature and humidity, illumination, outside air ventilation, and control of
indoor air pollutants. These standards are meant to provide general guidance for a comfortable
and healthy work environment. Given nuances in the feasibility of some buildings to renovate and
conform to these strict standards, it us up to the PE's professional judgment as to whether the
1 EPA conducts statistical analysis on the data gathered by the Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration during its
quadrennial Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). For more information on how the rating is calculated and
supporting documents on the statistical models, please visit our supporting documents page
http://www.eneravstar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate performance.bus portfoliomanaaer docs
11
-------
building as a whole provides a suitable work environment for those subject to the respective
working conditions.
This document, The Professional Engineer's Guide to the ENERGY STAR Label for Buildings, is
intended to assist the PE community in understanding the requirements of the Statement of Energy
Performance and the expectations and limitations of their role. Each module covers a single topic and
contains a purpose, background, expectations, hints and tips, and questions and answers. Where
needed, industry standards are referenced and detailed tables are given. EPA is committed to
continually improving the content of this document, and welcomes all comments that may help us do so.
All applicable contact information is provided in Appendix A.
EPA thanks you for choosing to take part in this process. We hope you find this experience professionally
rewarding and are able to forge new or expand existing business relationships. In so doing, you can be
assured that you are helping to mitigate society's impact on the environment and climate change.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
iii
-------
Table of Contents
Introduction ii
Module 1: Physical Characteristics 1
Module 2: Operating Characteristics 4
Module 3: Energy Consumption 7
Module 4: Thermal Comfort 9
Module 5: Illumination 11
Module 6: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality 14
Appendix A: Contact Information 19
Appendix B: Professional Engineer Qualifications 20
Appendix C. Example Copy of a Statement of Energy Performance 21
Appendix D. List of Building Type Definitions 22
Appendix E: Outdoor Air Ventilation Rates for Health Care Facilities 26
Appendix F: How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label 29
iv
-------
Module 1: Physical Characteristics
1.1 Objective:
All recorded physical characteristics displayed on a building's Statement of Energy Performance must be
verified when applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
1.2 Background and Expectations of PE:
To assess the energy performance of a building, all physical characteristics must be accurately portrayed
by the user. The PE is expected to verify the accuracy of the building's recorded physical characteristics
2
which include building floor area in square feet (ft), building name, location, etc. A checklist of these
items to be verified is provided at the end this module. These items must be verified to be true and
accurately displayed on the Statement of Energy Performance.
1.3 Building Designation Requirement:
The information needed to complete a Statement of Energy Performance and/or to apply for the ENERGY
STAR label varies by building type and is given below. Currently there are eleven eligible building space
types. Definitions of all building and space types are provided in Appendix D. At least 50% of your
building's gross floor area (excluding parking lots and garages) must be defined by one of the following
space types:
¦ Bank / Financial Institution
¦ Courthouse
¦ Dormitory
¦ Hospital (acute and children's)
¦ Hotel (5) (includes: upper upscale, upscale, mid-scale with food & beverage, mid-scale without
food & beverage, and economy & budget)
¦ K-12 School
¦ Medical Office
¦ Office
¦ Retail Store
¦ Supermarket / Grocery Store
¦ Warehouse (refrigerated and non-refrigerated)
1.4 Physical Characteristics Requirements:
All buildings must meet the following requirements pertaining to gross square foot, location, parking
structures and pools.
¦ The gross floor area of the building (excluding garage and parking lot) must be at least 5,000
square feet, with two exceptions:
a. Bank / Financial Institutions must be at least 1,000 square feet
b. Hospitals must be at least 20,000 square feet
¦ The building must be located within the United States of America or its territories. Buildings
owned by the United States government that are located in foreign lands are also eligible. A 5-
digit ZIP code must be recorded for buildings located in the USA or its territories. For buildings
owned by the United States government that are located in foreign lands, the location most
' ' ¦ ' J ¦> ' "< / - ,'T" ' V '\s ' s 200/
1
-------
closely related to the building in terms of climate must be indicated. Typically, this is the location
nearest that of the building. Choices of location are by major city that has an international airport.
In some cases there may be only one location for an entire country.
¦ The presence of a swimming pool on the same utility meter must be recorded.
¦ Total square foot of parking structures, data centers, and any space marked as "other" must be
verified and are subject to the following restrictions.
a. The combined floor area of all the Parking Garages or Parking Lots cannot exceed the
total gross floor area of the building (where the gross floor area of the building excludes
the parking garage/parking lot). Additionally, The presence of an attached parking
structure on the same utility meter( s) must be recorded.
b. The combined floor area of all Computer Data Centers cannot exceed 10% of the total
gross floor area of the building (where the gross floor area of the building excludes the
parking garage/parking lot).
c. The combined floor area of any space classified as "Other" cannot exceed 10% of the
total gross floor area of the building (where gross floor area of the building excludes the
parking garage/parking lot).
¦ If the peer group of comparison is Hospital (i.e. if Hospital accounts for more than 50% of your
space), no other unique spaces should be entered except for parking garages, parking lots, and
raised floor computer data centers.
¦ The building being evaluated must be a single structure and not a campus or plaza (except if the
building is identified as a hospital)
Specific building types have additional physical characteristic requirements that must also be met and
they are as follows.
¦ Hotel/Motels
Limited to only Upper Upscale, Upscale, Mid-scale with Food and Beverage, Mid-scale without
Food and Beverage, and Economy & Budget. Specifically excluded are Resort and Extended Stay
hotels. See Appendix D for definitions and examples of each eligible hotel/ motel type. The
average annual room occupancy must be at least 45 percent.
¦ Hospitals
This is limited to only Acute Care and Children's Hospitals. Specifically excluded are all hospitals
primarily used as out-patient facilities, cancer centers, skilled nursing centers, psychiatric care
hospitals, rehabilitation centers, or veterinary clinics. See Appendix D for definitions.
1.5 Hints & Tips:
Original specifications, design documents, and "as-built" drawings can be used to confirm certain physical
characteristics. However, because the actual physical characteristics of the building can vary significantly
from these plans and records, any review of documentation should always be combined with a physical
inspection of the building.
1.6 Physical Characteristics Q& A:
¦ Are buildings that are owned by U. S. based companies or by the Federal Government but
that are located outside of the United States eligible to apply for the ENERGY STAR label?
Buildings located on foreign lands but owned by U.S.-based companies are not eligible to apply for the
ENERGY STAR label. However, buildings that are located on foreign lands but that are owned and
occupied by the United States government and that meet U.S. construction codes are eligible.
-------
¦ Are common areas to be included when determining the floor area of the building or a
given space (for example, office space)?
Yes, the user-entered value for area must be the gross interior area of the building, or in the case of a
user-specified office block, the gross interior area of the office block. This includes all principal exterior
surfaces of the enclosing fixed walls and includes all supporting functions such as kitchens and break
rooms used by staff, storage areas, administrative areas, elevators, stairwells, atria, vent shafts, etc.
Additionally, the following must be noted:
¦ Existing atriums should only include the base floor area that it occupies.
¦ Interstitial (plenum) space between floors should not be included in total.
¦ Gross floor area is not the same as leasable space. Leasable space is a subset of a
building's gross floor area.
¦ Can parking garage or surface parking be excluded from the analysis?
Yes, if the energy consumption for a parking garage or surface parking is included on the same meter as
the building then it should be accounted for in Portfolio Manager. The tool will calculate the energy
consumption of the parking structure and subtract the energy use of the parking structure from the actual
reported energy consumption. If the parking structure is separately metered and not included in other
utility bill data in Portfolio Manager, the user can exclude the parking structure from Portfolio Manager.
1.7 Checklist: Verification of Physical Characteristics of a Building
During the site visit, the PE must verify the following items on the Statement of Energy Performance to be
true and accurate.
¦ Gross square foot (without parking)
¦ Gross square foot of parking
¦ Presence of a swimming pool and or computer data center
¦ Location of building
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
3
-------
Module 2: Operating Characteristics
2.1 Objective:
All recorded operating characteristics displayed on a building's Statement of Energy Performance must
be verified when applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
2.2 Background and Expectations of PE:
To assess the energy performance of a building, all building operating characteristics must be accurately
portrayed by the user. Operating characteristics include rates of occupancy and vacancy among other
pertinent characteristics specific to each building type. The PE is expected to verify the accuracy of the
building's recorded operating characteristics displayed on the Statement of Energy Performance and
verify that the building meets the eligibility requirements for the ENERGY STAR label. A checklist of the
items to be verified is provided at the end this module.
2.3 Operating Characteristic Requirements:
Eligibility requirements must be met before a building can qualify for the ENERGY STAR label. In Portfolio
Manager, users are asked to enter data for key operating characteristics of their building. There are
minimum and maximum thresholds for these values. These limits are designed to make sure that their
building falls into an operation pattern consistent with that of the peer group of buildings used for
comparison. In order to be eligible to receive a national energy performance rating and qualify for the
ENERGY STAR label, these threshold values must be met. The following requirements must be verified
by the PE.
¦ All buildings must be in operation at least 30 hours per week.
¦ All office, bank, courthouse, and K-12 school spaces must contain at least 1 Personal
Computer (PC). Retail stores must contain at least 1 register but can have 0 personal
computers.
¦ Each space must contain at least 1 worker during the main shift (does not apply for hospitals
or hotels)
¦ The user must enter at least 11 consecutive months of data for all of the operating
characteristics.
¦ All buildings characterized as Office must have at least 75% occupancy. Hotels and motels
must have an average annual occupancy rate greater than 45%.
¦ If the building is a K-12 School, it must be in operation at least 8 out of 12 calendar months.
¦ If the facility is a hospital, it must include:
o At least 16 licensed beds but no more than 1,510 beds and
o No more than 40 floors
¦ If the facility is a supermarket, it must include:
o No more than 3 floors
o At least 1 refrigerator or 1 freezer case
¦ Residence halls/Dormitories must be at least 5,000 square feet and should contain at least 5
rooms.
¦ If the facility is a hotel/motel the room limits are dependent upon the hotel type.
o Upper upscale must have at least 20 rooms and no more than 2,500 rooms
o Upscale must have at least 30 rooms and no more than 2,000 rooms
o Mid-scale with food and beverage must have at least 50 rooms and no more than
665 rooms.
o Mid-scale without food and beverage must have at least 40 rooms and no more than
320 rooms
: •. i:>' •• Professional Engineer's (jimfe 200/
4
-------
o Economy and budget must have at least 20 rooms and no more than 700 rooms.
2.4 Hints & Tips:
¦ For office buildings, it can be useful to contact the building's local area network (LAN) manager or
the equivalent to find out the average number of workers and number of PCs throughout the
year, and the typical weekly operating hours.
¦ For K-12 schools, the administrative office typically has information on the building's seating
capacity, average weekly occupancy hours, whether cooking facilities are present and in use, and
the extent and use of air-conditioning.
¦ Because HVAC systems are often scheduled to operate for a period of time before and after the
typical period of occupancy, using data from an automated environmental management system
can substantially overstate the weekly operating hours as defined in Portfolio Manager. "Weekly
operating hours" is defined by the number of hours during the week the building is 75% occupied.
2.5 Operating Characteristics Q& A:
¦ Are the weekly operating hours the same as the hours that the HVAC system is
operating, including start-up and shut-down periods?
No. Weekly operating hours are defined as the number of hours per week in which the majority of the
primary tenants (workers for office buildings, customers for grocery stores/ supermarkets, and students
for K-12 schools) are within the confines of the building. Note: Typically the operating hours of hotel/
motels and hospitals are 168 hours per week.
¦ Does an employee kitchen or galley count as a cooking facility?
No. In Portfolio Manager this question is used to determine whether it contains a cooking facility, such as
a cafeteria, where food is prepared and served to the primary occupants, customers, or guests. Employee
kitchens and galleys are outside the intent of this question. Cafeterias that serve only to keep food warm
that was prepared elsewhere should not be considered cooking facilities.
¦ How should office buildings that have a large (for example, one half of one full floor), full-
service cafeteria within the main office building structure be handled? Is this space
considered part of the primary office space or is it considered another space type, such as
restaurant?
Yes, if the space serves the office building, then it is considered part of the office space and should not be
separated out. If this cafeteria space is unrelated to the office building and is considered an independent
operation such as a separate restaurant or catering service, than it should be entered into Portfolio
Manager as "other". In this case, if the space is sub-metered and less than 10% of the total square foot
of the building, then the energy consumption can be separated out.
¦ Is the PE expected to count each required input such as occupants, PCs, or rooms to
verify the quantity in a given space?
No. The PE may verify this information by asking credible parties who have a detailed knowledge of
the building or cross-checking information within a Portfolio Manager account. However, it is good
practice to verify in person any questionable information. Additionally, all physical and operating
characteristics of the building must be verified in some form. To aid this process, please see the
checklist provided at the end of the document.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
5
-------
2.6 Checklist: Verification of Operating Characteristics of a Building
During the site visit, the PE must verify the following items on the Statement of Energy Performance to be
true and accurate.
¦ Number of workers on main shift and number of personal computers must be verified.
¦ If the building is a residence hall, number of dorm rooms
¦ If the building is a hotel, number of hotel rooms
¦ If the building is a supermarket, the number of floors, refrigerator and freezer cases and registers
must be verified
¦ If the building is a hospital, the number of rooms and floors must be verified
¦ If the building is a retail store, the number of refrigerator and freezer cases and registers must be
verified
¦ The percent occupancy of banks, offices and courts must be at least 75%, the average annual
occupancy rate of a hotel/motel must be at least 45%
¦ If the building is a warehouse, the number of walk-in coolers must be verified
¦ Operating hours per week must be verified. Note, that some buildings may contain more than
one space in which each space may have different operating hours and characteristics that need
to be verified.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
6
-------
Module 3: Energy Consumption
3.1 Objective:
All recorded energy consumption for each type of fuel used within a building must be verified on a
Statement of Energy Performance for a building applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
3.2 Background and Expectations of PE:
To assess the performance of a building, all sources of energy within the building must be entered and
verified through Portfolio Manager. Currently, acceptable fuel sources include the following: electricity,
natural gas, fuel oil, diesel fuel, district steam or hot water, district chilled water, propane, coal, coke,
kerosene and wood.
On-site electricity production and on-site renewable energy should be treated from the perspective of the
curb. That is, only energy that crosses the curb and enters the building should be included. On-site
generation of electricity typically consumes either natural gas or diesel fuel. In this case, include the
consumption of natural gas or diesel fuel, but do NOT include the amount of electricity generated on-site.
Renewable energy generated on-site would not be included because no energy flows across the curb.
Effectively, renewable energy acts to offset the consumption of energy that would otherwise cross the
curb.
Buildings or facilities that distribute energy produced on-site to other buildings or onto the electricity grid
should remove the impact of this additional energy use. To accomplish this, a meter should be included
in the Portfolio Manger record as having negative monthly values for each fuel type that is leaving the
building for consumption off-site at another location. Similarly, if a building shares fuel with an adjacent
building (e.g. district heat or cooling), that fuel must be apportioned and metered according to each
building's actual consumption.
The PE is expected to review energy consumption documentation for each energy source used in the
building to validate the energy consumption values entered in Portfolio Manager. Documentation must
include monthly energy consumption for each energy source spanning the most recent 12 months
including dates of each entry. The PE must also verify that no fuel was excluded. A checklist is provided
at the end of this module. Each item must be verified to be true and accurate on the Statement of Energy
Performance.
3.3 Hints & Tips:
First, review actual monthly energy bills provided by the management or owners. Other sources of
energy consumption data, such as spreadsheet tracking and Energy Management Control System
(EMCS) output, might be incomplete or not record all fuels or meters within the building.
Before reviewing the building record in Portfolio Manager or performing the building walk-through you
should do the following:
¦ Get copies of actual energy bills and any record of monthly EMCS output.
¦ Determine the number of energy sources used within the building.
¦ Ask about the energy sources for any equipment that uses something other than electricity (for
example, domestic water heaters and back-up electrical generators).
3.4 Energy Consumption Q& A:
¦ To verify the monthly energy consumption, must monthly bills from the utility
7
-------
company be independently obtained?
No. If the PE is confident based on his/her walk-through that all of the energy sources and meters are
accounted for, than independently obtained monthly utility bills are not required. In all but the rarest of
cases, the review of existing monthly energy bills that have been provided by the building management
or owner is sufficient.
¦ Are monthly utility bills needed to verify the monthly energy consumption of each fuel?
No. Based upon the judgment of the PE, a building-wide, energy-tracking tool that fully tracks
consumption of all fuels (such as an EMCS) may be used instead of utility bills.
¦ Are simulated or calculated values for monthly energy consumption acceptable?
No. Simulated or calculated values for monthly energy consumption are not acceptable when applying for
the ENERGY STAR label.
¦ Should the electrical outputs of on-site renewable sources or co-generation units be
included as part of the building's monthly energy consumption?
No. Full credit is given for the use of on-site renewables. The energy input required by the co-generation
unit must be accounted for in Portfolio Manager, but not the electricity that is generated.
¦ What if the facility sells or distributes energy to other buildings (that is, the benchmarked
building makes and distributes hot water, steam, chilled water, or electricity to adjacent
buildings)?
Portfolio Manager is able to account for energy consumed by the building and distributed to other entities.
This is accomplished by creating a meter with negative values for each fuel type that is leaving the
building for consumption off-site.
3.5 Checklist: Verification of Energy Consumption
During the site visit, the PE must verify the following items on the Statement of Energy Performance to be
true and accurate.
¦ Total energy consumption is true and accurate
¦ Every fuel type used by the building is accounted for in the reported total energy consumption of
the building.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
8
-------
Module 4: Thermal Comfort
4.1 Objective:
The PE must verify that the thermal conditions in a building conform to industry standards as part of the
review for the ENERGY STAR label. This module helps to ensure that a healthy and comfortable work
environment exists in the building (and has not been sacrificed to reduce energy use). Thermal comfort
is evaluated by observing indoor conditions including temperature and relative humidity.
4.2 Technology Standard:
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2004: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Atlanta Georgia, www.ashrae.org
4.3 Background and Expectations of PE:
According to ASHRAE Standard 55, acceptable thermal environment of indoor spaces designed for
human occupancy is dependent upon temperature, thermal radiation, relative humidity, airspeed, building
activity, and clothing insulation. Thermal comfort may also vary from person to person; however,
extensive laboratory and field data have been collected to provide necessary statistical data to define
conditions that a specified percentage of occupants will find thermally comfortable. The majority of data
collected is thermal comfort data that pertains to sedentary or near sedentary physical activity levels
typical of office work. The PE is expected to verify on the Statement of Energy Performance that thermal
comfort conditions of the building are met given the standards outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-
2004. It is the responsibility of the PE to consider all measured data and observations at the time of the
site visit and to determine, in his/ her professional opinion, whether the building meets the letter and spirit
of ASHRAE Standard 55.
4.4 Acceptable Thermal Environmental Conditions:
There are two methods for determining acceptable thermal conditions in occupied spaces as outlined by
ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. One method is based on a typical indoor environment with set conditions,
and the other method assesses thermal conditions in naturally conditioned spaces. Naturally conditioned
spaces are those spaces controlled by occupants through the opening and closing of windows. Given
these different methods, the PE is expected to give a professional opinion about the capability of the
building to provide acceptable thermal environment conditions per guidelines provided by ASHRAE
Standard 55-2004. The PE should measure the temperature, thermal radiation, relative humidity, air
speed, and draft of a representative sample of the occupied interior spaces of the building during
occupied hours. Please refer to ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 for guidance on acceptable limits of these
conditions that are expected to be maintained within a functioning building.
4.5 Hints & Tips:
Reviewing previous indoor air quality reports or testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) reports is
generally not acceptable as a sole source of information when giving a professional opinion about
whether the building can provide acceptable thermal environmental conditions.
It is highly recommended that the PE, as part of the evaluation of the occupied spaces, observe and
record such signs of possible occupant thermal discomfort as:
¦ Oscillating table fans, window fans, or other personal fans
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
9
-------
¦ Personal space heaters
¦ Open windows (unless it is an occupant-controlled, naturally conditioned space)
¦ Window orthrough-the-wall style room air-conditioners
¦ Covered or otherwise occupant-modified supply air diffusers
¦ Altered or broken thermostats
In addition to observing the conditions, the PE should take temperature and humidity measurements in
occupied areas that have the highest concentration of the items listed above. This is a good way to check
the most problematic occupied areas in the building. Again, it is up to the PE's professional judgment as
to whether the building as a whole provides a suitable work environment for those subject to the
respective working conditions. The outlined standards for acceptable conditions are meant to provide
general guidance.
For hotels/motels having individual room units for comfort air and a separate system for outdoor air,
make sure that the systems can simultaneously provide comfort AND proper ventilation.
4.6 Thermal Comfort Q& A:
¦ Must the building be assessed as it operates in both heating and cooling modes?
No. The capability of the building to meet ASHRAE Standard 55, for the purposes of the Statement of
Energy Performance, should be determined based on the mode of the HVAC system at the time of the
assessment. However, the presence and prevalence of personal comfort items noted above should
always factor into the decision of the PE as to whether or not both heating and cooling systems are
operating as intended.
¦ Are temperature and humidity measurements required for every occupied space within
the building?
No. The PE should take a representative sample of the occupied spaces. Several factors might influence
a PE's decision or require further measurement. For example, if many of the spaces measured are barely
meeting the temperature and humidity conditions, then more measurements may be needed. Similarly, if
there are a significant number of personal comfort devices (for example, fans, heaters and window a/ c
units) or damaged and/ or occupant-altered HVAC equipment (for example, diffusers and thermostats),
the PE should consider additional measurements in these areas.
¦ If the measured temperature and/ or humidity of a single occupied space are outside the
acceptable thermal conditions listed in ASHRAE Standard 55, is that in and of itself
grounds to "fail" the thermal comfort check?
Generally, no. The assessment of thermal comfort should take into account all measurements and
observations, and does not depend upon one occupied space not meeting the temperature and humidity
requirements. After considering all measured data and observations, it is the responsibility of the PE to
determine whether the building meets the letter and spirit of ASHRAE Standard 55.
¦ Why are TAB reports and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) assessments generally not acceptable
to assess whether acceptable thermal environmental conditions are being met?
There are two reasons: 1) the assessment is intended to be a professional opinion at the time of the site
visit; and 2) the assessment is intended to be based on the measurements and observations of the PE
hired to perform the assessment. TAB reports and IAQ assessments can be useful for the PE to review
because they may give confirmation of the PE's measurements and observations as well as indicate
problem areas that need further assessment or measurement.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
10
-------
Module 5: Illumination
5.1 Objective:
Appropriate illumination of interior occupied spaces and the generally unoccupied exterior spaces (for
example, parking garages and parking lots) associated with the building must be verified as part of review
for the ENERGY STAR label. Appropriate illumination is defined by current industry standards for
commercial illumination.
5.2 Technology Standard:
IESNA, Lighting Handbook: Reference & Application, 9th Edition. Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America (IESNA) 120 Wall Street, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10005.
5.3 Background and Expectations of PE:
According to the Illuminance Selection Procedure of the IESNA Lighting Handbook, illuminance levels for
specific applications are based on best practices for a "typical" application. While illuminance is not the
sole, or in many cases the most important lighting design criteria, it is a useful indicator to determine if the
lighting system performance has been compromised in pursuit of energy conservation.
The PE is expected to give a professional opinion about the capability of the building to provide minimum
recommended illumination levels of both occupied spaces (that is, interior spaces) and generally
unoccupied spaces (that is, parking garages and parking lots) based on guidance provided by the
Illuminance Selection Procedure in the IESNA Lighting Handbook. In doing so, the PE should measure
the illumination levels in a representative sample of the occupied interior spaces of the building as well as
any associated parking facilities. It is the responsibility of the PE to decide, based on his/ her professional
opinion, whether the building meets the minimum recommended illumination levels considering all
measured data and observations at the time of the site visit.
5.4 Acceptable Illumination Levels:
The IESNA Lighting Handbook recommends horizontal and/ or vertical task illuminances for a wide
variety of locations and tasks. The recommended values throughout the IESNA Lighting Handbook
represent consensus values formally obtained by the appropriate application committee. IESNA
recognizes that illuminance is not the sole lighting design criterion and that other criteria may be more
important than illuminance. In these instances, the lighting designer may deviate from the recommended
illuminance. In general, IESNA believe that a dramatic difference between actual and a recommended
illuminance (i.e. a difference of two standard deviations or more) is characterized as 1/3 more or 1/3 less
than the recommended value. Any dramatic deviations from the recommended value should be carefully
documented just in case the design is ever challenged. Additionally, it should be kept in mind that while a
single instance is not alarming, a number of dramatic deviations should be questioned and challenged
against the design illuminance. A sample of the minimum recommended illumination levels in foot-
candles (FC) are given in the table below. Please refer to the IESNA Lighting Handbook for a complete
list of recommended illumination levels of interior spaces.
Recommended Illumination Levels for Interior Spaces
Note this list is not all inclusive. For a complete list of recommended illumination levels of interior spaces,
see Interior 1-16 of the IESNA Lighting Design Guide.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
11
-------
Space Type
Horizontal
(FC)
Vertical
(FC)
Offices
Meeting Rooms
30
5
Video Conference Rooms
50
30
10
3
Copy Rooms
Mail Sorting
50
3
Private Offices
50
5
Open Plan Offices
30 to 50
5
Lobbies/ Reception Areas
10
3
Stairways and Corridors
5
_
Restrooms
5
3
Educational Facilities
Reading - white boards
-
5
Reading - chalk boards
_
50
Reading - pen/ typed print/# 2
pencil
30
"
Reading - keyboard
30
-
Science Labs
50
30
Art Rooms
50
30
Lecture Halls
100
50
Health Care Facilities
Anesthetizing
50
10
Autopsy, general
50
10
Cardiac function laboratory
50
10
Work areas, general
30
5
Operating areas, delivery,
recovery, & lab suite and
service
50
3
Critical care areas
5
3
Recovery room, general
10
3
Emergency outpatient general
50
10
Occupational therapy
30
5
Patient rooms, observation
5
3
Surgical Suite, general
300-1000
50
Surgical Holding Room
50
10
Space Type*
Horizontal
(FC)
Vertical
(FC)
Hotels
Guest rooms - general
10
.
Bathrooms
30
5
Corridors, elevators,
stairs
5
Front desk
50
.
Lobby - general lighting
10
_
Linen room - general
10
.
Retail
Fitting areas
100
30
Stocks rooms,
wrapping, packaging
30
5
General merchandise
display
50
10
Supermarkets
Shelving
50
10
Meat - processed
50
10
Meat -fresh
50
10
Produce
50
10
Dairy
50
10
Parking Facilities and Enclosed Parking Garages:
The illuminance requirements for all parking facilities depend largely on pedestrian needs and perceived
personal security issues. Lighting for parking lots should provide not only the recommended minimum
illuminance levels but also good color, rendition, uniformity, and minimal glare. From a security
standpoint, lighting for parking garages need higher illuminances than open parking facilities. Good
lighting uniformity is most important in parking garages since access aisles are used by pedestrians for
walking between cars, stairways and elevators. The recommended maintained illuminance levels for both
open parking lots and enclosed garages are noted below.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
12
-------
Recommended Maintained Illuminance Values for Parking
Minimum
Minimum
Horizontal (fc)
Vertical (fc)
Open parking lots
Basic
0.2
0.1
Enhanced Security
0.5
0.25
Parking garages
Basic
1.0
0.5
Ramps
Day
2.0
1.0
Night
1.0
0.5
Entrance Areas
Day
50.0
25.0
Night
1.0
0.5
Stairways
2.0
1.0
5.5 Hints & Tips:
¦ When measuring illuminance, remember to position the light meter at the proper height on the
work surface at the task location (either vertical or horizontal). Avoid shadowing the meter with
your body, and avoid reflections off of clothing.
¦ Allow thirty minutes between system switch-on and the first measurement to ensure that the
lighting system has reached a stable condition.
¦ Daylight effects should be eliminated by performing the lighting survey after dark, or with the
blinds closed and measuring the day lighting contribution with the lights off and subtracting its
contribution to the electric lighting.
¦ Illumination should be checked both directly under the fixture and between fixtures (both laterally
and longitudinally).
¦ Uniformity should also be evaluated, particularly next to walls, in corners, and parking garages
where security and safety might be of question.
¦ Areas with occupant-supplied task lights, de-lamped fixtures, or numerous burned-out lamps
should receive additional scrutiny as these are areas that may be under lit.
¦ The PE should be able to make a professional judgment on whether appropriate illumination
exists through a subset of measurements in a representative sample of spaces within the
building.
5.6 Illumination Q& A:
¦ If the measured illumination levels of a single occupied space are below the
minimum recommended levels as defined in the IESNA Lighting Handbook, is that, in
and of itself, sufficient grounds to "fail" the building for inadequate illumination?
Generally no, the assessment of illumination should take into account measurements and observations
of all spaces, and is not necessarily contingent upon one occupied space meeting the minimum
recommended levels. Based on observations at the time of the site visit, the PE must determine whether
the building lighting system meets the minimum recommended illumination levels for the current
occupancy.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
13
-------
Module 6: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
6.1 Objective:
Appropriate quantities of outside air ventilation and indoor air quality for interior occupied spaces or
enclosed spaces that people occupy (for example, parking garages) within the building must be verified
as part of review for the ENERGY STAR label. The purpose is to specify minimum ventilation rates and
indoor air quality that will be acceptable to human occupants and to minimize the potential for adverse
health effects. Release of moisture in residential kitchens, bathrooms, locker rooms, and swimming pools
are included in the scope of this module.
6.2 Technology Standard:
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Note: Healthcare
facilities may use either ASHRAE Standard 62 or AlA 2001 Guideline for Design and Construction of
Hospital and Healthcare Facilities.
6.3 Background and Expectations of PE:
According to ASHRAE Standard 62.1 - 2004, acceptable ventilation rates and measure of indoor air
quality is a function of the type of building space, building floor area, and number of occupants. There are
two different compliance paths that can be followed, one system is based on ventilation rates and the
other is based on analysis of contaminant sources. Given proper measurements and observations, the
PE is expected to give a professional opinion about the capability of the building to supply acceptable
ventilation rates for the maintenance of healthy indoor air quality. Both paths of design compliance can
be referenced in the ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 for specifics on procedure techniques and
contaminant concentration guidelines. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of the PE to determine, based on
his/ her professional opinion, whether the building meets the letter and spirit of industry standards
considering all measured data and observations at the time of the site visit.
6.4 Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Rates:
As mentioned above, ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 provides details on two ventilation system design
paths, each subject to their own restrictions. The first ventilation system design path is based on a
Ventilation Rate Procedure. This is a prescriptive procedure in which outdoor air intake rates are
determined based on space type/application, occupancy level, and floor area. Minimum ventilation rates
are based on contaminant sources and source strengths that are typical for the listed space types.
Minimum ventilation rates for specific space types are summarized in Table 6.1 below and are detailed in
the body of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, Section 6.2.
The second type of design compliance is based on the Indoor Air Quality Procedure (IAQ) in which
outdoor air intake rates and other system design parameters are based on an analysis of contaminant
sources, contaminant concentration targets, and air quality acceptability targets. In other words, controls
that remove contaminants (ex. air cleaning devices) or controls that can reliably demonstrate the
maintenance of acceptable indoor air quality (resulting in indoor contaminant concentrations equal to or
lower than those achieved using the Ventilation Rate Procedure) are given credit. For each contaminant
of concern, a target concentration limit and corresponding exposure period should be specified. Section
6.3.1.4 of ASHRAE Standards 62.1-2004 outlines what design approaches can be used to determine or
validate the acceptability of minimum space and system outdoor airflow rates and other relevant design
parameters. Other specifics on the IAQ Procedure can be referenced in Section 6.3 of ASHRAE Standard
62.1 2004. Furthermore, guidelines for contaminant concentrations can be found in Appendix B of
ASHRAE Standard 62.1 -2004.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
14
-------
A sample of the required outdoor air supply rates, in units of cubic feet per minute (CFM), for various
indoor spaces (for example, office, classrooms, computer rooms, etc.) are given in Table 6.1 below.
Please refer to ASHRAE Standard 62.1 for the outdoor air supply rates of interior functional spaces not
given below. Many of the spaces shown below may also have minimum exhaust rates that need to be
met. Minimum exhaust rates for the spaces shown in Table 6.1 may be found in Table 6.2. For
healthcare facilities using the AIA 2006 Guideline in place of ASHRAE Standard 62, see Appendix E for
outdoor air supply rates of various healthcare space functions.
Table 6.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates in Breathing Zone (ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004).
These values are defined as the default combined outdoor air rate (per person). These rates are based
on the default occupant density
Default Values
Occupant
Outdoor Air
Air
Functional Space
Density1
(#/1000 ft2 or
Supply Rate2
Notes
moo m2)
(cfm/person)
Class3
Office
Office space
5
17
1
Reception areas
30
7
1
Conference/meeting
50
6
1
Main entry lobbies
10
11
1
K-12 School
Classrooms (ages 5-8)
25
15
1
Classrooms (age 9 +)
35
13
1
Science laboratories
25
17
Also See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Auditorium seating area
150
5
1
Multi-use assembly areas
100
8
1
Libraries
10
17
1
Music/theater/dance
35
12
1
Computer lab
25
15
1
Art classroom
20
19
2
Also See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Locker rooms
-
-
2
See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Wood/metal shop
20
19
2
Also See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Supermarket
Supermarkets (customer space)
8
15
1
Hotel/Motel
Bedrooms/living rooms
10
11
1
Bathrooms
-
-
2
See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Lobbies
30
10
1
Multi-purpose assembly
120
6
1
Bars/ cocktail lounges
100
9
2
Supplemental smoke removal
Coin-operated laundries
15
2
Hospital (If using AIA 2001 Guidelines see Appendix F. If using ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 see Appendix E)
Other space
Cafeterias/Dining rooms
100
9
2
Kitchens (commercial)
-
-
2
See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Computer rooms (not printing)
4
20
1
Corridors
-
0.06 (cfm/sqft)
1
Public restrooms (per toilet fixture
-
-
2
See Minimum Exhaust Rates Table
Rate does not take into account humidity
Swimming pools (pool & deck area)
0.48 (cfm/sqft)
2
control
1The default occupant density shall be used when actual occupant density is not known
2 This rate is based on the default occupant density.
3 Class 1 air is characterized by low contaminant concentrations, low sensory-irritation intensity & inoffensive odor.
It may be recirculated or transferred to any space.
Class 2 air is characterized by moderate contaminant concentrations. It is not necessarily harmful but it is inappropriate for
transfer or recirculation to spaces used for different purposes. However, it may be recirculated within the space of origin.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
15
-------
Table 6.2 Minimum Exhaust Rates.
Exhaust makeup air may be any combination of outdoor air, recirculated air and transfer air.
Functional Space
Exhaust
Rate
(cfm/ft2)
Air Class
Notes
Science laboratories
1.00
No class of air ahs been established for this
occupancy category
Art classrooms
0.70
2
Locker Rooms
0.50
2
Wood/metal shop
0.50
2
Bathrooms (private)
25/50
2
Exhaust rate is cfm/unit and is intended for
toilet room intended to be occupied by 1 person
at a time.For continuous use during normal
operating hrs. use lower#
Bathrooms (public)
50/70
2
Rate is per water closet &/or Urinal. Provide the
higher rate when periods of heavy use are
expected.
Kitchens (commercial)
0.70
2
Additionally, conformance to the following requirements must be verified:
¦ Ventilation in Smoking Areas: Smoking areas should have more ventilation and/or air cleaning
than comparable non-smoking areas. Specific ventilation rate requirements cannot be
determined until authorities determine the concentration of smoke that achieves an acceptable
level of risk. Air from smoking areas shall not be reciruclated or transferred to non-smoking
areas. Table 6.1 of the PE Guide refers only to ventilation rates of non-smoking areas.
¦ Microbiological Sources: The building should be free of visible signs of microbiological sources
such as mold and mildew.
¦ Water Intrusion: Water intrusion or accumulation in ventilation system components such as
ducts, plenums, and air handlers should be investigated and rectified.
6.5 Hints & Tips:
¦ Reviewing the most current, written, preventative maintenance plan can provide useful insight
about the level of concern placed upon the control of indoor air pollutants. A well written
preventive maintenance plan should document the procedures used in the building to monitor,
inspect, and clean all HVAC components for proper operation.
¦ Reviewing previous indoor air quality reports or testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) reports is
generally not acceptable as the sole means to give a professional opinion about the capability of
the building to provide acceptable outside air.
¦ The PE should make an effort to measure the outdoor airflow directly. If this is not feasible due to
air-handling unit design or configuration, the PE should calculate the percentage of outdoor air by
mass balance equations.
¦ In buildings having repetitive occupant and HVAC configurations, direct measurement of a
sampling of air-handling units may be acceptable. Each air-handling unit, however, should be
inspected to determine if it is operating properly.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
16
-------
¦ Central energy management control systems (EMCS) or direct digital control (DDC) systems can
provide real-time information about an air-handling unit's operating status. PEs may use this
information at their discretion as a means to give an opinion about the ability of the building to
meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004.
6.6 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality Q& A:
¦ Is the building required to be mechanically ventilated to meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1-
2004?
Generally, yes. However, some buildings (for example, K-12 schools) were designed to be naturally
ventilated. Use of natural ventilation systems designed in accordance with Section 5.1 of ASHRAE
Standard 62.1-2004, is permitted in lieu of or in conjunction with mechanical ventilation systems. Natural
ventilation must be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Determining whether such buildings
meet mechanical ventilation requirements of ASHRAE 62.1 would necessitate a calculation by the PE.
¦ Are outside air measurements or calculations required for every occupied space within
the building?
No. It is expected that the PE will take a representative sample of the occupied spaces to be able to give
his/ her decision. There are several factors that might influence a PE's decision or warrant further
measurement. For example, if a significantly sized space is marginally meeting the minimum
requirements, then more measurements may be warranted. Similarly, if there are a significant number of
personal fans, indicating stagnate air, or damaged and/ or occupied-altered HVAC equipment (for
example, diffusers and thermostats), the PE may want to consider additional measurements in these
areas.
¦ If the measured outdoor air supply of a single occupied space is below the acceptable
supply rates given in ASHRAE Standard 62.1, is that sufficient grounds to give an opinion
of "Fail" for the ventilation requirement?
The answer depends upon the space itself, compliance design path chosen (IAQ or Ventilation Rate
Procedure), and is ultimately the judgment of the PE. For Example, if the ventilation rate in an open office
plan within a given building does not meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, then it would be expected that
the PE would give the building a "fail" grade for the ventilation requirement. However, if the outdoor
supply rate or contaminant concentration for a single private office within a whole building does not meet
ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 and the remainder of the building is deemed to meet the standard, than
one could reasonably expect that the PE would give the building a "pass" for the ventilation requirement.
Generally the outdoor air supply assessment and contaminant concentration guideline should take in to
account all measurements and observations, and is not necessarily contingent upon one occupied space
meeting the ventilation requirements. It is the responsibility of the PE to determine whether the building
meets the letter and spirit of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 after considering all measured data and
observations.
¦ Why are TAB reports and Indoor Air Quality assessments generally not acceptable for
assessing whether acceptable outside air ventilation is being provided?
The principal reasons are two-fold: 1) the assessment is intended to be a professional opinion at the
time of the site visit; and 2) the assessment is intended to be based upon the measurements and
observations of the PE hired to perform the assessment. TAB reports and IAQ assessments can be
quite useful for the PE to review though as they may provide confirmation of the PE's measurements
and observations as well as indicate problematic areas worthy of the PE's attention.
¦ Is the use of other standards or guidelines acceptable in evaluating "outside air
ventilation" requirements?
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
17
-------
All building types are subject to ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 with one exception. Healthcare facilities
may use either ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 OR AIA 2001 Guideline for Design and Construction of
Hospital and Healthcare Facilities.
¦ If a single private office is not preventing the involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke,
is this ground for failure?
Yes. The policy of the building must be to allow smoking only in designated smoking lounges that are
both directly exhausted to the outdoors and under negative pressure relative to the occupied spaces.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
18
-------
Appendix A: Contact Information
Mailing Address:
ENERGY STAR Label for Buildings
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (6202J)
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20004
Contact information for questions:
¦ Hotline: 1-888-STAR-YES (1-888-782-7937)
¦ E-mail: energystarbuildings@epa.gov
¦ Web-site: www.eneravstar.gov (Go to Buildings and Plants)
¦ More on Portfolio Manager:
http://www.enerqystar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate performance.bus portfoliomanaqer
¦ Applying for the ENERGY STAR Label:
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate performance.bus portfoliomanager int
ro
Technology Standards Referenced in The Guide:
¦ American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
Publication Sales Department 1791 Tullie Circle, NE Atlanta, GA 30329 Tel: (404) 636-8400
Web URL: www.ashrae.org
¦ ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2004: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human
Occupancy. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers,
Inc. Atlanta Georgia, www.ashrae.org
¦ ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Atlanta
Georgia, www.ashrae.org
Note: Healthcare facilities may use either ASHRAE Standard 62 orAIA 2001 Guideline for
Design and Construction of Hospital and Healthcare Facilities.
¦ IESNA, Lighting Handbook: Reference & Application, 9th Edition Illuminating Engineering
Society of North America (IESNA) 120 Wall Street, 17th Floor New York, NY 10005 Tel: (212)
248-5000 Web URL: www.iesna.org E-mail: iesna@iesna.org
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
19
-------
Appendix B: Professional Engineer Qualifications
In addition to having a current registration as a Professional Engineer (PE) and being in good standing,
a PE must have the following qualifications to validate the Statement of Energy Performance that is
used to apply for the ENERGYSTAR Label.
¦ A current license in the state where the building is located or a license in a state that has a
reciprocal agreement with the state where the building is located.
o Exception: Professional engineers employed by the Federal government may evaluate
any buildings located in the United States that are owned or primarily occupied by the
Federal government. Contractors and consultants to the Federal government,
however, are not covered by this exception.
¦ A license in a discipline related to commercial building systems, such as mechanical or electrical
engineering.
¦ Working knowledge of ASHRAE Standard 55-2004, ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, and IESNA
Lighting Handbook.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
20
-------
Appendix C. Example Copy of a Statement of Energy Performance
STATEMENT OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE
Sample Facility
Building ID: 123456
For 12-rnontn Parted Ending Jtfy 31.2027*
Date SEP becomes ineligible: No.e-nte- 30.20
Facility Beiing Labeled
Sampe FacilTy
1234 Man Street
Sprngfield, VA, 10000
Year Built 1999
Gross Building Area {ft*): 2Q.G0D
Facility Owner
Sample Cvrer
4567 Peach Ave.
Springfield, VA 10000
555-5o5-5555
~wfl onea 'j&tO-Ci*!
Date SEP Generated: ^ist 1. 2CCP
Primary Contact for this Facility
Jare Smith
7890 Colimbia Way
Springfield, VA 1CG00
555-555-5566
•snith@snHh.ocm
Energy Performance Rating (1-100)
Facility Space Use Summai
it
Operating Hours
Number of PCs
40
40
SpaoeType
Offce
Area
*5.000
Site Energy Use Summary
Electricity (kfitu)
Natural Gas (kBtuj3
Total Energy (kBtu)
Energy Intensity *
Site (kfitu.fP-yr]
Scwree ifcBiu'ft'-yr)
123.4&S
123.456
246.912
6.3
19.5
Emissions :&asedc<-tle ereray.sei
CGj { 1OOGbs/yr) 253
ELBCT»C DISTRIBUTION UTUTr
Virginia Power
- —
Professional Engineer Sl3mp
I ceiCTy ttiart #re WBrrnatcn cunlalnec fis
sistemert Is »:c jsx and in acccrcanie * Iht
r€ Gu celnes.
Indoor Environment Criteria5
Indoor air pollutants cofflroled? Yes
Adequate ventilation prawned? Yes
Thema ccndtions net? Yes
Adequate illLminatcn provicted0 Yes
Professional Engineer
License Number ODOQOOt
Slate: VA
John Doe
1234 Vineyard _ane
Soringfieki. VA 1QG00
555-555-77S3
Notec:
'. Appicattor tor in- ENERGY STAR must &e suWaWec to SPA «ijrgn d. rciRTi c* Ire Period End no date. Award nf Te EMERGY
5~AP. Is ict ft'^l jtH ap3r:>va l: received ten EPA.
2. The EPAErerpy Peftonnarce Rab-G Is tased or lata source er ergy. Aratnaat7S itemnl-nuir tote e l jd e fir l*»
ENERQY STAR.
3. Natural Gas values r unto of wafcr-e (e.g. cuac ieet: are ccmerted to KEIl »fli Kfusiments -nade
tfevattcr based on Fadlty zp code. A |~nA
4. Vat.es represent ere-g. MensRy, a-n.afzM la a 365 day caendsr. tfVi rjrA
5. Eased 3'i reelrgASHRAE Standard 62-'999 tr hdccr aHj.alty AS-'RAESta-KardSM 9=2 to'
toeir*al caTtat, and ESNA L air ra Handbook let IJ-d-g qualty.
Tracking Slunbsr SEP2DD7D1010DCG01234
I"» ipmnnilt «•> intis lfc» oniyt Kim r«
umi -stately tin Stf') B-d w
CatiK9cn Slult^ii -Mim LS. fci V {3&Z3XI, I I'M Nmhuli A'
ti'A fam U00-H
US EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional Engineer's Guide
21
2007
-------
Appendix D. List of Building Type Definitions
Bank/Financial Institution
Bank/Financial Institution applies to facility space used for financial services. Relevant businesses include
bank branches, bank headquarters, securities and brokerage firms. The total gross floor area should
include all supporting functions such as vaults, kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria, conference rooms
and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Computer Data Center
Computer Data Center applies to spaces specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high
density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing. Typically
these are raised floor spaces that maintain controlled temperatures and/or humidity. The air-conditioning
system for this type of space is usually separate from that used to control the space environment in other
parts of the building and is usually separated by walls and doors.
If an entire facility is listed as a Computer Data Center, it is not eligible to receive a National Energy
Performance Rating. However, if the majority of the building space use falls into an eligible category and
the Computer Data Center accounts for 10% or less of total floor area, the facility is eligible to receive an
National Energy Performance Rating.
Courthouse
Courthouse applies to facility space used for federal, state, or local courts and associated office space.
The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as temporary holding cells,
kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria, conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage
areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Dormitory / Residence Hall
Dormitory/Residence Hall applies to buildings associated with educational institutions or military facilities
which offer multiple accommodations for long-term residents. The total gross floor area should include all
supporting functions such as food service facilities, laundry facilities, meeting spaces, exercise rooms,
health club/spas, lobbies, elevator shafts, storage areas stairways, etc.
Hospital (Acute Care and Children's)
Hospital applies to facility space of least 20,000 square feet in total gross floor area used as Acute Care
and Children's Hospitals. These facilities typically provide a variety of services within the same facility or
among multiple facilities on a campus, including emergency medical care, physician's office services,
diagnostic care, ambulatory care, and surgical care.
At least 50% of the total gross floor area must be used for acute care. Facilities that use more than 50%
of the gross floor area for long-term care, skilled nursing, and/or ambulatory surgical centers are not
eligible for a rating at this time. Note: the entirety of the facility and/or campus should be entered as a
single Hospital space use. The total floor area should include all supporting functions such as: stairways,
connecting corridors between buildings, medical offices, exam rooms, laboratories, lobbies, atria,
cafeterias, storage areas, elevator shafts, and any space affiliated with emergency medical care, or
diagnostic care.
No unique space uses should be entered other than surface parking lots, garage parking, and raised floor
data centers.
Additional guidance: Healthcare Classification Document 'B(446KB')
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
22
-------
Hotel / Motel
Hotel/Motel applies to buildings that rent overnight accommodations on a room/suite basis, with a
bath/shower and other facilities in most guest rooms. The total gross floor area should include all
supporting functions such as food preparation and restaurant space, laundry facilities, exercise rooms,
health club/spas, lobbies, atria, elevator shafts, stairways, storage areas, etc.
Amenities including meeting and conference facilities, recreational space, and retail establishments
should be used to place your Hotel into the appropriate amenity category; these spaces should be
included in the total floor area. Hotel/motel categories currently eligible for benchmarking include:
economy, midscale, upscale, and upper upscale. Resort and extended stay categories are not eligible for
a rating at this time.
Please refer to the Amenity and Category Definitions.
K-12 School
K-12 School applies to facility space used as a school building for Kindergarten through 12th grade
students. This does not include college or university classroom facilities and laboratories, or vocational,
technical, and trade schools. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as
administrative space, conference rooms, kitchens used by staff, lobbies, cafeterias, gymnasiums,
auditoriums, laboratory classrooms, greenhouses, stairways, atria, elevator shafts, small landscaping
sheds, storage areas, etc.
Medical Office
Medical Office applies to facility space used to provide diagnosis and treatment for medical, dental, or
psychiatric outpatient care. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as
kitchens used by staff, laboratories, lobbies, atria, conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff,
storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Additional guidance: Healthcare Classification Document *B(446KE3)
Office
Office applies to facility spaces used for general office, professional, and administrative purposes. The
total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria,
conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Parking
The Parking space type is intended for any area connected to the building that is used for parking
vehicles. This includes parking lots, fully enclosed parking structures, and unenclosed parking structures
that are open on all sides and may or may not include roof parking. All parking areas should be combined
into one parking space. The purpose of combining all of these areas into one space is to avoid double
counting and simplify the process. By apportioning the square foot of the parking area into these three
categories, Portfolio Manager can properly assign lighting and ventilation allowances.
Retail Store
This space type applies to stores of at least 5,000 square feet in gross floor area used to conduct the
retail sale of consumer products goods. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions
such as kitchens and break rooms used by staff, storage areas, administrative areas, elevators,
-------
stairwells, atria, etc. Stores must be free standing or located in strip centers. Stores located in enclosed
malls are not eligible, with the exception of mall anchors. Retail segments typically eligible for
benchmarking include: Department Store, Discount Store, Supercenter, Warehouse Club, Drug Store,
Dollar Store, Home Center/Hardware, and Apparel/Hard Line Specialty (i.e. books, clothing, office
products, toys, home goods). Retail segments not eligible for benchmarking include Electronics Stores.
Supermarket
The Supermarket/Grocery Store space type applies to facility space used for the retail sale of food and
beverage products. It should not be used by restaurants, which are not eligible for a rating at this time.
The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as kitchens and break rooms used
by staff, storage areas (refrigerated and non-refrigerated), administrative areas, stairwells, atria, lobbies,
etc.
Swimming Pool
Swimming Pool applies to heated swimming pools that operate on the premises and on the same energy-
use meter as the primary facility. This category applies to any heated swimming pools located inside or
outside of the facility. Swimming pools are categorized by size, application, and usage.
Warehouse (Refrigerated or Unrefrigerated)
The warehouse space type is intended to define facility space that is only used to store goods,
manufactured products, merchandise or raw materials. Space types defined as Warehouse (Refrigerated
or Unrefrigerated) must not contain any onsite manufacturing. If the space is part of an industrial campus,
the space defined as warehouse must be a separate structure that is separately metered from any
adjacent processing plants. Refrigerated warehouse specifically denotes space designed to store
perishable goods or merchandise under refrigeration at temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
Unrefrigerated warehouse specifically denotes space designed to store non-perishable goods and
merchandise. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as offices, lobbies,
stairways, rest rooms, equipment storage areas, elevator shafts, etc.
IS EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional fjigwaer 's Guide
24
-------
Appendix E: Outdoor Air Ventilation Rates for Health Care Facilities
(Healthcare facilities using the AIA 2006 Guideline in place of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004)
raw# 2.1-2
Ventilation Requirement* fer Area* Affecting Patient Caff- In HospitaU #«I Outpatient FecllMei*
f Minimum
Minimum
Ail air
air changes
total at
eshausted
Bee Ovulated
Relative
Design
ofoutttoor
changes per
directly to
by means of
iemp&mtucef
Ama designation
area*
akperkmif1
tout*
outdoorf
mom amis'*
{%}
(degrees F/C)
liKSHfi UNI1S
Patent room
_
2
6®
_
_
_
70-75 (21-245
Toilet room
In
—
10
_
_
_
Newborn nursery suite
_
2
6
_
No
30-60
72-78(21-26)
Protects* ero iro nment room11
Out
2
12
-
No
—
7Si24)
Airborne infect'on isolation room"
In
2
12
*sS2
No
—
75(24)
Isolation ale we or anteroom
In/Out
_
10
Vfcs
No
-
-
Patient corridor
-
-
2
_
-
_
-
obstetrical bouties
Delivery room13
Out
3
18
_
No
30-80
68-73 (20-2^
Labor/ del* ery/ reoowrv
_
2
6®
-
-
-
70-75 (21-24i
Labor/ deliveiy/reocwery/postpartunt
-
2
8™
-
-
-
70- 75 .21-241
EMERGENCY, »«!¥, AND CRITICAL CARE
Operating/surgical cystDKopic rooms ^13
Out
3
15
-
No
30-80
08-73 (20-23Is1
Recovery room®
_
2
6
_
No
30-60
70- 7 5 121-24i
Critical and intensive care
-
2
8
-
No
30- SO
70-75 (21-24)
Intermediate eae
2
6"
-
-
-
70-75 «21-24i
Newborn intenswe care
2
6
-
No
30-90
72-78(22-26,1
Treatment room15
—
—
6
_
—
_
75(24)
Trauma room15
UUT
3
15
_
No
30-60
70-75 (21-241
Bronchoscopy11
1)
2
12
*ss
No
30-80
68-73 ( 2).l23 t
Triage
111
2
12
*s*
_
_
70-75 (21-24)
EH waiting rooms
In
2
12
fes12-16
_
_
70-75 i21-24)
Procedure room
Out
3
15
_
No
30-60
70-75 (21-24.
Lasereje room
Out
3
15
—
No
30-60
70-75 (21-24)
X-ray (surgical/orttica 1 care and
catheterfcalion)
Out
3
15
-
No
30-60
70-75 (21-24t
Anesthesia gas storage
In
-
8
'tis
_
-
-
SUPPORT ARBS
Medication room
Out
_
4
-
_
_
_
Clean workroom or clean holding
Out
—
4
_
—
—
—
Soiled workroom orsoiled holding
In
-
10
*s
No
-
-
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT AREAS
Examination room
—
—
6
—
_
—
7 5 (241
Treatment ream
_
_
6
_
_
—
75(24)
Physical the lapy and- hydrotherapy
In
_
6
-
_
-
751241
Gastiointestinalendoscopy room
-
2
e
-
No
30-80
88-73(20-23)
Endoscopic instrument processing room17
In
-
10
*s
No
_
-
Imaging1'
X-ray (diagnostic & treatment)
_
_
6
_
_
_
75(24)
Darkroom
In
—
10
*s
No
—
—
1 rnagng waiting rooms
In
2
12
fesu'u
-
_
70-75 (21-24)
Laboratory1*
General18
—
—
6
—
—
—
73(241
6ioeliemistiyJS
In
_
6
tfes
No
-
75.24)
Cytology
In
_
8
"fes
No
-
75 .,241
Glass washing
In
_
10
*s
-
-
-
I
Professional Engineer's
26
2007
-------
Tabl« 2.1 -2 (conMnied)
Ventilation R»qtfr«nerrt» for Area* Affecting Patient Car© In Hospitals and Outpatient Fee II ties1
Airtmniement
ISTffTiMTI
Mirmmm
All air
(ebtkmship
a* changes
totalat
exhausted
ffee'ftaWetf
ffet'aire
Design
to adjaam i
of outdoor
changes per
directlyto
by means of
httmMOf
temperature*
Ma designation
are/
atpecheu*
outdoor^
rum owls''
W
(degrees F/C)
Histolo®
In
6
*3
No
75 (24)
Microbiology1*
In
-
6
Yes
No
_
76(24)
Nuclear medicine
In
-
e
No
_
75(24)
Pathology
In
-
6
"fes
No
-
75(24)
Serology
In
-
6
Yes
No
-
71(24)
Sterilizing
In
-
10
¦fes
-
_
_
AutDpsy room11
In
_
12
¦fes
No
-
_
Noniefrig! rated body-holding room
In
-
10
Yts
-
-
70(211
SHWCEMRS
Ptarma(f
Out
-
4
-
_
_
_
Food preparation center
_
_
10
_
No
_
_
Warewashing
In
-
10
"fes
No
-
-
Dietary storap
In
-
2
_
_
-
-
Liundiy, ^neral
_
-
10
Yes
-
_
-
Soiled linen (sorting and storage)
li
_
10
*s
No
_
-
Clean linen storage
it
_
2
-
-
_
_
Soiled listen and trash chute room
In
—
10
'fes
No
—
—
Bedpan room
In
—
10
Yes
_
_
_
Bathroom
In
_
10
_
_
_
73i24'i
House lee ping' room
In
-
10
No
-
-
STEHLEIKGAND SUPPLY
ETO-stertfeer room
In
_
10
Yes
No
30-a
76(24)
Sterilizerequipment room
In
-
10
*$
-
-
-
Central medical and surgcal supply
Soiled or decontamination room
In
—
6
*5
No
—
68-73(20-231
Clean workroom
Out
—
4
_
No
30-80
75(24i
Sterile storag?
Out
_
4
-
_
(Mac) 70
_
'it*' ventilation rafts inttife tatste- earns wmtiiation for ax* tort,as well is *>r
asepsis and otot control in a®ai of act* can hospitals mat arfict
paw nt aw and am dtetwrntnod tassel on healthca» act uses being predomi-
nant "No Smoking"ncllitlss. Whan smoking may be allowed, ventilation
rates will need adju$fflierit.Area$wheft specific vsnoiaiian rate m not given
in m taM shall to ventgated in accoflan® wttn ashME standard es,
WMM mMnpom MmorAirQvaMf, and ashmeHawswawnwe
Applications, Spcialfefl patient cs e a »ss. ind uding organ transplant units,
Own units, apaciany procedure rooms, etc.. snail hare additional ventilation
piwistonsflarair quality control as nagr be appropriate. BSHft standards
airt/wNtOSH criteria »pi®§pei8lwfltiMon requirement ibr employee
health and sattj'wMn health ca»facillti»s,
1 Design of theventlialion system shall pwk» air mo»ment wnicn is generally
flora clsantB Worn dean anas. t anytorm off aria* aimHumeor load Bhact-
dlng system is usedftremigy wnswatiori, it must not compromise me ewi-
Oof-twoom pwurt balancing m lationsips or Vw min imu m a ir «anps
nquiredty tire table.
*10 satsf exhaust r»«
-------
Table 2.1-2 (continued)
Ventilation Requirements for Areas Affecting Patient Care In Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities'
sAirriom areas wito contamination antyorodor problems shall be «hausted to
the outside and riot recirculated to other areas. Note that indhidual circum-
stances may Bquis social considaration for air exhaustto trie outside, e.g,,
in intensive care units in which patients with pulmonary infection are tested,
and rooms for burn patients,
"T Recirculating room hvac units eferstotoosa local units that are used prima-
rily Tor heating and cooling of air, and not disinfection otair. Because or clean-
ing difficulty and potential for buildup or contamination, recirculating room
units shall not be used in areas marked "No." However, Tor aiitiorne inTection
control, air may t>a recirculated within individual isolation rooms it HEW niters
are used. Isolation and intensive care unit rooms msry to ventilated try reheat
induction units in which ontythe primary air supplied from a cental system
passes th rough t ha Bheat unit. Gravity-type heating or cooling units such as
radiators or converters shall not be used in operating rooms and other sp«e-
cial care areas. See footnote A 7 (at the bottom of the page) for a description
of recirculation units to be used in isolation rooms
sThe rangas listed are the minimum and maximum limits'she e conttol is
specifically needed. The masimum and minimum limits are not intended to to
inde pendent of a spaces associated temperature. TIB humidity is expected to
be at the hgherendofthe range when the temparatuB is also at the higher
end. and vice versa. See Figuo 2.1-1 for a g/aphfc repress ntation of the indi-
cated changes on a psrychrometric chart Shaded area is acceptable range.
g Where temperature ranges are indicated, the %'stems shall be capable of main-
tainingthe rooms at airy point wrtliin the lange duiing normal operation. Asingle
rgus indicates a heating or cooling capacity of at least the indkated tempera-
ture. This is usually applicable when patients may t»a undressed and squire a
warmei environment. Nothing in these guidelines shall te construe das preclud-
ingthe use of tempe ratures loinerthan those note d whan the
patients' comfort and medical conditions make icwartempe ra-
tures desirable. Unoccupied are® such as storage rcomssnall
have temperatures appropriate for the funcfion interned.
,:TOtal air changes per room for patient rooms, interna diate care,
labo(/de livery/oemery rooms, and labo(/ del reiy/Bcowry/
pce.tpartj.irn rooms may Pe red uced to 4 whan supple mental
heating, and/or cooling systems (radiant heating and cmllng,
baseboard heating, etc.) are used.
"uDifferental pressure shall be a minimum of o.Ol"water
gauge (2.5 Pa). If alarms are installed, allowances shall be
made to prevent nuisance alarms of monitoring devices.
11 If it is not practcal toexhausttha airfrom the airborne infection
isolation room to the outside, toe air may be retunwd through
HERA fllte is to the air-handling sysfe m exclusively serving the
Eolation room.
'"'National Institute for OccupatonaI Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Criteria Documents Bgarding Occupational Exposure to waste
Anesthetic Gasesand Vapors, and Control of Occupational
Exposure to Nitrous Cwide indicate a need for both local
exha ust (scave ngjng) syste ins and ge nerai ventilation of toe a s as in which
the tespectfre gases are utiisd.
uSoma surgeons may require room temperatures that are outside of the indi-
cated range. All ops rating room design conditions shall be devefoped in con-
sultation with surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nursing staff.
L5Theterm trauma room as used here is toe operattng room space in tneemer-
gency department or other tauma Boepton asa that is used for emergency
surgery. The tost aid rmm a nq/or "emergent room" used tor initial treatment
of accident victims may be ^ntBted as noted forthe "treatment room."
"lieatnwnt rooms teed for bronchoscopy snail Pe tBated as bronchoscopy
rccms.ieato»nt rooms used for cryosurgery procedures with nitrous aside
shall contain provisionsforexhaustingwaste gases.
^In a ventilation system that recirculates aii. HEW Alters can to used in lieu of
«haustingthe airfrom these spaces to the outside. In this application, the
return air shall be passed through the HEFA niters before it is intoduced into
any other spaces.
lrThe endoscopic instrument processing room is a room adjacent to tha gas-
tointestinal endoscopy room that is used for cleaning endoscopic equipment
and instruments.
^When fe quired, appropriate hocds and exhaust devices forthe removal of
ncsious gases or chemical vapors shall be provided (see Section 2.1-
10.2.4.5. (2) andNFFA 99).
^ttb airmcuairent BiaCmshipstor laboratories apply between labaatoy and
adjacent ron-latoratory spaces. Rereence DHHS publication "Biosalety in
Microbtalcgfcal and Komedteal tatorator&s1 (CDC and NIH) on the CDC Web site.
PuychromrtHc Ctiarf
, u.;i
77 / / ./ / j
h- SDCMb
' Mi
III l«
W TO 7«
Cry BJt- JF|
US EPA ENERGY STAR Professional Engineer's Guide 2007
28
-------
Appendix F: How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label
How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label
Follow the six steps below to qualify your building as ENERGY STAR.
I . Determine if the building meets the eligibility requirements.
2. Login to Portfolio Manager and enter the required energy and building information.
3. Determine if the building achieves a rating of 75 or above.
4. Determine if the building meets industry standards for comfort and indoor air quality. A
Professional Engineer must verify the Statement of Energy Performance (SEP)
(stamped/embossed and signed) that each of the indoor environment criteria
requirements have been met and all information provided on the Statement of Energy
Performance is true and accurate.
5. Read and understand the ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines.
6. Mail the signed Letter of Agreement and signed and stamped Statement of Energy
Performance (SEP) to EPA (postmarked within 120 days of the Period Ending Date).
Please note: an official Letter of Agreement will be provided for download in Portfolio
Manager. Do not mail to EPA a Letter of Agreement that displays a watermark that reads
SAMPLE. Please do not use company letterhead to print the Letter of Agreement.
NOTE: The ENERGY STAR is awarded for a specific year. A building that has earned
the ENERGY STAR becomes eligible to reapply one year after the last energy data
included in the SEP submitted as part of the previous year's application.
ENERGY STAR Label Application for Buildings should be mailed to:
c/o SRA International, Inc.
3434 Washington Blvd.
Arlington, VA 22201
Sample Building Plaques
Dimensions: width 10 inches, height 12 inches,
Grey
ENERGY STAR
US EPA ENERGY STAR
Professional Engineer's Guide
29
2007
------- |