rt€0 ST4.


Environmental
Monitoring and
Support
Laboratory
Las Vegas

-------
SECOND QUARTER REPORT
OF THE
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
LAS VEGAS
April through June 1977
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114

-------
CONTENTS
Page
EVENTS OF GENERAL INTEREST	1
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING	3
MONITORING SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT	6
EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES DEVELOPMENT	8
MONITORING	9
QUALITY ASSURANCE	11
TECHNICAL SUPPORT	13
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL REPORTS	17

-------
EVENTS OF GENERAL INTEREST
Mr. George B. Morgan, Director of the Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas, attended the
Second National Conference on the Interagency Energy/En-
vironment Research and Development Program held in Wash-
ington, D.C., on June 6 and 7. Mr. Morgan was Rapporteur
of Session IV: Measurement and Monitoring.
On June 20, Mr. Morgan attended the Program Committee
Meeting of the Fourth Joint Conference on Sensing of En-
vironmental Pollutants. This meeting, held in Denver,
Colorado, was to finalize the program for the Conference to
be held in November.
Members of the Radiochemistry Subcommittee of the
Drinking Water Quality Assurance Work Group met at the Las
Vegas Laboratory on May 3. The purpose of the meeting was
to review and revise the radiation portion of the criteria
and procedures manual in response to public comments.
Mr. Arthur N. Jarvis, Chief of the Quality Assurance
Branch of the Laboratory's Monitoring Systems Research and
Development Division and the chairman of the Radiochemistry
Subcommittee of the Drinking Water Quality Assurance Work
Group, participated in a training course in Cincinnati,
Ohio, May 17 and 18. Mr. Jarvis discussed radiation lab-
oratory evaluation procedures. Specific topics of discussion
included goals and philosophy, the Interim Drinking Water
Regulations for Radiation, and the changes made in the cri-
teria and procedures manual in response to public comments.
The course was designed to provide sufficient instruction to
qualify the attendees to carry out a chemical laboratory
certification inspection according to the current criteria
and procedures manual.
Mr. Lee H. Ziegler, also of the Quality Assurance
Branch, attended a meeting of the American National Standards
Institute subcommittee in Gaithersburg, Maryland, May 11 and
12. The agenda included writing standards to be promulgated
for "lithium-drifted germanium detectors," liquid scintillation
counting systems, ion chambers and sodium iodide detectors.
On May 13, Mr. Ziegler visited the radioactivity section of
the National Bureau of Standards. Discussions involved the
1

-------
development and use of the 1-pi alpha detector built by
the Las Vegas Laboratory, the refinement and modifications
of the 4-pi beta-gamma coincidence system, the absolute
counting techniques using liquid scintillation counting,
the EPA/NBS traceability program, and an interagency agree-
ment between the EPA and the NBS.
2

-------
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
DAIRY COWS AND GOATS
Preliminary analytical data obtained from a previous
study on americium transport in dairy cows were presented
last quarter. Americium-241 decays through the emission of
alpha particles and 36 percent of its disintegrations are
accompanied by a 60 kiloelectron-volt gamma ray which was
counted for sample analysis. During the 168-hour experi-
mental period, approximately 5.5 and 2.8 percent of an
intravenous dose (citrate-buffered americium nitrate) was
transferred to bovine urine and milk respectively. In the
orally exposed cows_famericium nitrate), approximately 1.0
x 10 and 4.0 x 10 percent of the dose was recovered in
the urine and milk respectively. As expected, a major
portion of the oral dose (about 87 percent) had been re-
covered in the feces by the time of sacrifice. Due perhaps
to biliary transport, loss from intestinal cells and/or
gastrointestinal glandular secretions, 2.8 percent of the
intravenous dose was also recovered in the feces during this
post-exposure interval.
Following the intravenous dose, americium was removed
rapidly from the plasma and the extrapolated volume of body
plasma contained only 3 percent of the original injection 8
hours after dosing. Less than 1 percent of the dose remained
after 48 hours and 5.5 x 10" percent was noted at the time
of sacrifice.
The gastrointestinal uptake of americium was gradual
and this was reflected by similar plasma concentractions
from post-dosing hour 24 to hour 72. The total plasma
volume never contained more than 5.0 x 10 percent of the
oral dose at any given post-exposure collection time. At
the time of sacrifice, 1.8 x 10 percent of the dose re-
mained in the plasma.
The gastrointestinal uptake of americium-241 nitrate in
dairy cows appears to be approximately 0.02 percent of the
oral dose, but this is a preliminary estimate. Therefore,
americium nitrate uptake is apparently similar to the gas-
trointestinal uptake value previously reported for citrate-
buffered plutonium-238 nitrate in dairy cows. A percentage
of samples and standards from the americium study have been
submitted for radiochemical analysis.
3

-------
Dairy goats were used in a second study on americium
metabolism. Two goats were given intravenous injections of
citrate-buffered americium (41.7 microcuries per animal) and
two were given single oral americium nitrate doses of 1.91
microcuries. Samples of milk, urine, feces, and blood were
collected as before 7 days after dosing. On the 8th day
post-treatment, the animals were sacrificed and tissues were
collected. The tissues collected were the same type that
had been sampled during the cow study and included bone,
liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, lungs, gonads, lymph nodes,
and blood. When all phases of the study are completed, the
degree of gastrointestinal absorption, tissue retention, and
rate of americium excretion will be reported for both groups
of dairy animals.
The alimentary solubility and behavior of neptunium-
234 were studied in an artificial rumen and simulated bovine
gastrointestinal fluids. Shortly after the addition of nep-
tunium- 234 to rumen juice, an average minimum of 6.4 percent
and an average maximum of 31.0 percent remained soluble
during three trials. From 3.5 percent to 17.5 percent
remained soluble following the artificial rumen incubation
period, from 5.0 percent to 9.4 percent following the abomasal
period, and from 10.2 percent to 17.9 percent and 10.0
percent to 21.8 percent when held at pH 4.0 and 5.0, respectively,
in the duodenal phase. The solubility increased to 45.3
percent to 59.5 percent during the jejunal incubation period
and was reduced to 18.5 percent to 19.9 percent during the
lower intestinal incubation period. The sharp rise in
neptunium-234 solubility during the jejunal incubation
period was found to be due mainly to the action of bile. A
comparison of these results with those from a previous study
with citrate-buffered plutonium-238 solution indicates
qualitative similarities in trends, but a moderately lower
solubility of neptunium-234 in most digestive stages.
The laboratory portion of a study of the solubility of
americium-241 in an artificial rumen and simulated bovine
gastrointestinal fluids was completed. Preliminary calculations
indicate that the qualitative behavior of americium-241
nitrate is generally similar to that of plutonium-238 nitrate.
These data can be used to predict the transfer of these
actinides to milk and tissues from contaminated environments.
4

-------
BEEF CATTLE
The semi-annual sacrifice and necropsy of six animals
from the Nevada Test Site beef herd were conducted. Sel-
ected tissues were sampled for histopathological and radio-
nuclide analyses. In conjunction with this ongoing program
to monitor for possible uptake of radionuclides by animals
inhabiting the Nevada Test Site, samples for analysis are
taken from wildlife collected or found dead as a result of
accident. During this period, three golden eagles which
were accident victims, two mule deer, and 11 rabbits were
collected.
Fistulas were created and permanent cannula were in-
stalled in four steers in preparation for grazing studies
planned for later in the year.
MULE DEER
The migratory habits of mule deer that reside on the
Nevada Test Site are of interest to the U.S. Energy Research
and Development Administration and the Nevada Department of
Fish and Game on the possibility that these deer may contain
radionuclide concentrations and may be harvested by hunters.
Although no significant concentrations of radionuclides have
been found in Test Site deer to date, the deer are being
equipped with radio transmitter collars and are being tracked
weekly via ground and/or aerial reconnaissance. During this
period, nearly all of the 11 deer equipped with collars in
1976 returned to the Test Site areas near where they were
originally captured. The placement of collars of ten ad-
ditional deer has begun with the capture of three deer.
5

-------
MONITORING SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
The airborne chlorophyll, algae and dye fluorosensing
system has been successfully field tested. Results suggest
that a significant refinement could be incorporated into an
operational fluorosensor by adding a channel of data that
would correct for the effects of water transmission.
Ground and flight testing of the earth-reflected dif-
ferential absorption device have been completed. Although
the results confirm the feasibility for constructing an
operational system, the current lasers are not satisfactory
in an airborne environment. A new system will be assembled
pending the selection of suitable lasers.
A feasibility study suggests that a differential ab-
sorption system using infrared frequencies for measuring
sulfur dioxide has significant disadvantages as compared to
an ultraviolet system. Construction of a sulfur dioxide
monitor should be directed toward the ultraviolet approach.
Data have been collected using the Rapid Scanning
Spectrometer in the Lake Powell, Lake Tahoe, and San Fran-
cisco Bay areas and data reduction has begun. Although the
helicopter used for the suspended sediment study was inactive
temporarily for maintenance and repair, enough water samples
and data have been collected to assure no schedule slippage
in the program. All chemical and physical data and programs
have been transferred to the COMNET system and the editing
of the in situ data and grab sample data has been completed.
The new thermal infrared survey has been implemented
using the Daedalus DS-1260 Multispectral Scanner and Data
Analysis System computer. Demonstration products of its
capabilities were generated and the system is presently on
scheduled missions.
Technical work on the environmental photo interpreta-
tion key for sanitary landfills is completed and a document
is being prepared for publication.
The light aircraft sensor pod (Enviro-Pod) currently
» undergoing operational suitability testing was demonstrated
for Region I and IV program offices. Imagery was provided
the Regions as part of the demonstration.
6

-------
In the Small-Basin Nonpoint Source Prototype Study, the
analysis and compilation of biological data for the compre-
hensive report are 90 percent complete in the form of tables
of descriptive statistics. The final two sets of biological
samples are being reviewed for incorporation of the results
into combined tables. This project involves the field testing
of nonpoint source water quality monitoring techniques in the
oil shale area of eastern Utah, near the White River. The
aim is to test and validate monitoring techniques and pro-
cedures appropriate to quantitating the contribution of
nonpoint source pollutants to surface waters in an area of
anticipated oil shale development.
A methodology for designing ambient air quality mon-
itoring networks was developed. The report, listed in the
Publications Section following, presents a methodology for
designing a carbon monoxide monitoring network based on the
objectives of identifying concentrations that exceed the
national ambient air quality standards. Developed for
application to reactive or nonreactive pollutant monitoring,
the methodology is currently undergoing a field test in the
design of a carbon monoxide monitoring network. The field
test is being conducted in the Phoenix, Arizona, area.
7

-------
EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES DEVELOPMENT
The Western Energy/Environment Monitoring Atlas, present-
ing an overview of five minor drainage basins in the Western
Energy Resource Development Area, has been completed.
Several copies were presented at a conference in Washington,
D.C. An Appendix is being prepared. The purpose of the
Atlas is to synthesize monitoring information into an inte-
grated format wherein both the geographical pattern of
sources and the geographical extent of media quality (air,
water, and land) can be displayed.
A report from IIT Research Institute describing the
microscopy on the size-fractionating cascade impactor head
for the high volume (Hi-Vol) sampler indicates that soil
particulates dominate both size fractions. This unexpected
result will require a more thorough investigation before a
network of these samplers can be established.
In the energy-related western regional air monitoring
study, three new air-quality monitoring stations were
established to replace the three discontinued sites in the
Ute Research Laboratory network. The entering of the Ute
network data into the SAROAD system was enhanced by the
development of a program which ensures correct coding. Two
of the six size-fractionating samplers were located in Utah
for activation in characterizing particulates. Samplers in
this six-unit network will be operated by personnel of the
Ute Laboratory and the National Park Service. An operator's
manual for the sampler was published for use by these
operators.
The Daedalus Multispectral Scanner System was successfully
acceptance tested in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The system,
designed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
is being used for monitoring purposes with NASA assistance
in technical problem areas. During this phase of the pro-
ject, ground truth teams are in the field and the aircraft
is collecting data in the Northern Great Plains and Four
Corners areas.
8

-------
MONITORING
AIR
The Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) in St. Louis,
Missouri, ended on June 30. A final report describing the
3-year sampling program and outlining the type of data that
is to be in the RAPS helicopter data bank was completed and
distributed for scientific review. Data collected by heli-
copter platforms will be used to define air quality in the
vertical extension over fixed Regional Air Monitoring Stations.
These data will be used for validating urban scale air quality
models. All data are being provided to the RAPS data base
in magnetic tape format. To date, 400 tapes have been
processed.
The monitoring phase of the Williams Air Force Base,
Arizona, study ended June 30. The study, conducted in
cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineering Center
and the Argonne National Laboratory, comprised a five-station
(trailer) network to test the ability of existing air quality
simulation models to estimate the impact of airport emissions
on air quality. Summary tables of hourly averages per month
by pollutant and sampling system were generated. Data for
the April to June, 1977, and June to September, 1976, mon-
itoring are being edited. Also, a short-term gas-filtered
correlation spectrometer study was completed to assess
vertical jet exhaust rise. An interagency agreement is
being reviewed by the EPA to establish a two-trailer network
at the Miramar, California, Naval Air Station.
RADIATION
Radiological safety support was provided for all nuclear
tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site during this quarter.
Prior to each test, the probable location and activities of
rural residents at test time were determined and, for each
test, mobile monitors and aerial surveillance personnel were
deployed in the off-site areas. Other Laboratory personnel
served as advisors to the U.S. Energy Research and Develop-
ment Administration. Test Controller and coordinated off-
site surveillance activities from the Test Site Control Point.
No radioactivity was released during the detonation phase of
any test.
9

-------
Plans are underway to modify the computer programs for
the Air Surveillance Network to expedite the sample-counting
process and produce a more useful report format. A major
change will permit the use of individual sampler calibration
curves for computer calculation of sample volumes instead of
an average curve for all samplers.
In the Long-Term Hydrological Monitoring Program, 108
water samples were collected including annual samples at the
sites of Projects Dribble in Mississippi, Gasbuggy and Gnome
in New Mexico, Rulison and Rio Blanco in Colorado, and on
the Nevada Test Site; monthly and semi-annual samples on the
Test Site; and 16 special samples from two wells under study
on the Test Site. To determine the source of occasional
high tritium levels in nearby surface waters, 20 water
samples and 34 soil samples were collected at the site of
Project Dribble. Tritium concentrations as high as 640,000
picocuries per liter of water recovered from the soil were
found in areas previously believed to be uncontaminated.
Personnel and station thermoluminescent dosimeters were
exchanged offsite for the second and third quarter exchanges.
Quarterly milk samples were collected from 21 locations
around the Nevada Test Site and milk was sampled at 130
locations in the Western U.S. for the annual activation of
the Standby Milk Surveillance Network. The annual milk cow
survey was completed for California and Utah. The Nevada
portion will be completed in August and the new Directory
published by October.
The deep-well sampling system was used to perform
temperature logging at the Faultless Site in the Central
Nevada Test Area in support of the U.S. Geological Survey.
10

-------
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Standard reference samples of radium-228 prepared by
the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) under an interagency
agreement were received by the Las Vegas Laboratory. These
standards are needed for the implementation of the Interim
Primary Drinking Water Regulations which require that public
water systems be monitored for radium. These samples are
available for distribution to State health departments and
other laboratories involved in monitoring public water
systems.
A 1-pi alpha particle detector, similar to those currently
in use at the NBS, was fabricated, assembled, and calibrated.
This detector is for making precise and accurate measurements
of alpha particle activity deposited on either planchets or
filters.
During this quarter, 452 calibrated samples of 26
different radionuclides were distributed to user laboratories.
Included in the distributed samples were Mancos Shale,
characterized for radium-226 and radium-228 by the NBS and
radium-228 solution standards prepared by the NBS. Also
included in the distribution were soil samples characterized
for uranium, thorium, and their daughter products. Solution
standards of plutonium-239 prepared by the NBS were distributed
to regular user laboratories and to 28 laboratories partici-
pating in a study of plutonium-239 measurements.
Final reports were issued to participants in the
Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory Intercomparison
Studies Program for nine different cross-check analysies:
December - Gamma in water, tritium in water, radium-226 in
water, tritium in urine, and air filter; January - milk, and
gross alpha and gross beta in water; February - gamma in
water and tritium in water. At the request of the respective
Regions, data for the States in Regions I, VII, IX, and X
participating in the intercomparison studies were retrieved
and summarized and evaluations were provided to the Regions.
A new cross-check program for analyzing radionuclides
in soil was initiated during this quarter. The types of
cross-check analyses and the number of participating labora-
tories during this quarter are shown in the following table:
11

-------
Type of Cross-check	Participating Laboratories
April May June
Air filter	--	--	69
Gamma in water	68	--	77
Gross alpha and gross
beta in water	--	65
Milk	--	57
Radium-226 in water	--	--	48
Tritium in urine	--	--	16
Tritium in water	82	--	71
Food	--	28
Krypton-85 in air	15
Soil	--	16
12

-------
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
In the assessment of the extent of lake eutrophication,
the following National Eutrophication Survey reports were
completed: 4 Phytoplankton State Summaries in the in-depth
analyses of lake conditions and 18 reports on individual
lakes in Louisiana, 3 in Oklahoma, and 2 in Missouri. The
Eastern Lakes report, the Western Lakes report, eight Phy-
toplankton State Summaries, Volume I of the Phytoplankton/
Nutrient Relations report and individual lake reports from
Arizona and New Mexico, Washington, and Idaho, and Nevada
are near completion. Also the computer files with the 1974
Phytoplankton data were completed.
Of the 49 on-going technical support projects being
conducted for EPA Regional Offices by the Las Vegas Labor-
atory's Remote Sensing Division, the following were completed
during this quarter. These projects included the acquisition,
processing and delivery of data collected from aerial platforms.
These data were presented in the form of color and infrared
photography, map sheets, annotated overlays or other imagry
displays.
o locate and document by way of photo-interpre
tat ion industrial sludge sites in Region I.
o provide prints and attached annotated overlays
depicting drainage and agriculture erosion and
runoff of Sever and Whitney Brooks areas in
Region I.
o provide annotated overlays to map sheets and
selected photographs depicting environmental
conditions along the Lamoille and Winooski Rivers
and Lower Otter Creek in Region I.
o conduct aerial outfall inventory of Raritan River
in Region II.
o inventory and inspect oil facilities along the
Delaware River in Region II.
o provide aerial imagry of selected sites for
enforcement-related environmental information
in Region III.
o locate and inspect oil storage facilities by way
of aerial imagry in support of the Spill Preven-
tion Control and Countermeasures Program (SPCC)
in Region III.
o inventory and inspect selected oil facilities in
Michigan and Ohio for Region V.
13

-------
o detect and locate seepage from Morgan Lake in
Region VI.
o collect aerial imagry to document selected uranium
mill tailings sites in New Mexico for Region VI.
o inventory specialized land use and nonpoint sources
in Region VII.
o provide annotated overlays to quadrangle map sheets
locating nonpoint sources in Region VII.
o locate and identify water outfall non-filers of
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
permits in Region VIII.
o locate and classify sediment loading in streams
in Region VIII.
Also in conjunction with Remote Sensing technical support
projects the following overhead monitoring reports were pub-
lished:
o Region II - Oil Storage Facility Inventory,
o Region II - Aerial Infrared Survey of Selected
Electric Generating Station Thermal
Discharges.
o Region III - Oil Storage Facilities Inventory
Report.
o Region V - Aerial Reconnaissance of Selected
Oil Refineries and Bulk Oil Storage
Facilities in Michigan and Ohio,
o Region VI - Aerial Reconnaissance of Oil and
Chemical Facilities, Beaumont-Port
Arthur, Texas, Volumes I and II.
o Region VIII - Waste Water Outfall Inventory.
REGION II
On request of Region II, Dr. Robert D. Rogers of the
Monitoring Systems Research and Development Division prepared
a monitoring plan concerning mercury contamination around
the site of a defunct chemical manufacturing plant near
Hackensack, New Jersey. Dr. Rogers inspected the site in
April and in June delivered the plan complete with recom-
mendations on the type and number of samples to be collected
for the analysis of toxic materials, particularly mercury.
The plan includes a grid designating strategic locations for
sampling soil and vegetation, suggested locations for drilling
wells to collect water and soil core samples, and suggestions
for taking sediment samples from a creek in the area.
14

-------
REGION V
In the project to determine the trophic state of fresh-
water lakes using contact and LANDSAT satellite data, LANDSAT
multispectral scanner data for the remainder of the 152
water bodies in Illinois were received from the Jet Propulsion
Laboraboty. Correlation and regression analyses were begun
to determine relationships between the data and a) tropic
ranking derived from contact-sensed data, b) surface area,
and c) trophic state indicators. Significant atmospheric
effects are evident in the multispectral scanner data.
REGION VI
In the Atchafalaya Basin, Louisiana, Water and Land
Management Study, an investigation of spoil disposal sites
was begun to evaluate their relative suitability as dredge
spoil deposition areas. This suitability will be defined in
terms of minimal impact on water quality, internal water
circulation and management unit integrity. A survey was
conducted adjacent to points of major water exchange and
highlands and selected possible locations for high mounding
of spoil to create upland wildlife refuges. Infrared color
photography was obtained for use in defining poor water cir-
culation areas. Vital information was obtained from the
Corps of Engineers on casements, hydrological surveys, and
habitat types adjacent to proposed channelization. Samples
for bio-chemical oxygen demand and carbon determinations
were collected in backwater areas and in the main channel
and final pesticide samples were collected at four sites in
an area of extensive agricultural drainage. Data reduction
and preparation of the final energetics report on the Basin
have begun.
Dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and organic
carbon data were compiled in response to the Corps of Engineers
request to predict dissolved oxygen levels after creation of
the management units in the Basin. Methods to be used for
predicting dissolved oxygen and preliminary results were
discussed at a meeting with Corp of Engineers personnel.
REGION VIII
All data have been processed in the Anaconda, Montana,
Smelter Study. A target date, September 1, has been set for
the final copy of the UH-1 helicopter data report and presenta-
tion of a seminar for the Montana Attorney General by the
Region and tbe Las Vegas Laboratory. The final copy of the
H-34 helicopter data report will be available December I.
15

-------
REGION IX
The final report was delivered on the first round audit
calibration in the Ambient Air Monitors Program. Modifications
to the dynamic calibration system are planned to optimize field
performance.
Data have been collected continuously for 5 months of
the first 6-month period of the Hawaii Power Plant Study re-
quested by the Region. This includes an intensive 2-week study
of the Maui power plant. Plans for start of monitoring at the
Kahe Point power plant on Oahu are near completion. Results
to date indicate that use of a commercial sulfur dioxide
monitor and correlation spectrometer installed in a moving
vehicle can provide valuable data for validating a plume
dispersion model.
At the request of the Region, Mr. David G. Easterly
of the Las Vegas Laboratory's Quality Assurance staff, pro-
vided assistance to the California State Department of
Health, Sanitation and Radiation Laboratory on June 2 and 3.
Items discussed included laboratory facilities, equipment,
and instrument requirements; sample collecting, handling
and preservation; methodology; quality control; data handling;
general laboratory procedures; and personnel requirements.
16

-------
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL REPORTS
EPA PUBLICATIONS
"Plutonium Uptake by Plants from Soil Containing Plu-
tonium- 258 Particles," by K. W, Brown and J. C. McFarlane.
(EPA-600/3-77-052).
"Development of a Methodology for Designing Carbon
Monoxide Monitoring Networks," by Mei-Kao Liu, James Meyer,
Richard Pollack, Phillip M. Roth, and John H. Seinfeld,
Systems Applications, Inc., San Rafael, California, and
Joseph V. Behar, Leslie M. Dunn, James L. McElroy, Pong N.
Lem, Ann M. Pitchford, and Nancy T. Fisher, Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas; Edward
A. Schuck, Project Officer. (EPA-600/4-77-019).
"Air Quality Data for the Northeast Oxidant Transport
Study, 1975 final data report," by G. W. Siple, C. K, Fitz-
Simmons, J. J. van Ee, and K. F. Zeller. (EPA-600/4-77-020).
"Monitoring Environmental Impacts of the Coal and Oil
Shale Industries: Research and Development Needs," by D. C.
Jones, W. S. Clark, W. F. Holland, J. C. Lacy, and E. D.
Sethness, Radian Corporation, Austin, Texas; Robert K. Oser,
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas,
Project Officer. (EPA-600/7-77-015).
"Western Energy/Environment Monitoring Atlas," by
Remote Sensing Division and Monitoring Operations Division,
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.
(EPA-600/7-77-047a).
"Western Energy/Environment Monitoring Atlas: Overhead
Monitoring Appendix," Remote Sensing Division, Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas. (EPA-600/7-77-
047b).
"Capabilities of the Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas," by Stuart C. Black and Geneva
S. Douglas, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-
Las Vegas. (EPA-600/9-77-004).
17

-------
PAPERS PRESENTED OR PUBLISHED
"Radionuclide and Heavy Metal Transport to Aerial
Fungal Sporesan abstract, by F. H. F. Au and W. F. Beckert,
was accepted for publication in the abstract book of the
Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology,
held in New Orleans, Louisiana, May 8 through 13.
The paper, "The Role of Remote Sensing in Monitoring
Pollution Associated with Energy Development," by J. A.
Eckert was presented by the author at the Twelfth Annual
Meeting of the U.S. Public Health Service Professional
Association, San Francisco, California, April 3 through 6.
The following papers were presented at the North American
Benthological Society meeting in Roanoke, Virginia, April 6
and 7, and at the Arizona Academy of Science, Las Vegas,
Nevada, April 15 and 16:
"Macroinvertebrate Sampling Techniques Applicable to
Streams of Semi-Arid Regions," by C. E. Hornig and J. E.
Pollard.
"Macrobenthic Communities in Lake Mead, Nevada," by S.
M. S. Melacon.
The paper, "Detection of Mercury in Soil by Impact on a
Hydrogen-Oxidizing Microorganism," by R. D. Rogers, D. V,
Bradley, Jr., and J. C. McFarlane, was presented at the
Arizona Academy of Science, Las Vegas, Nevada, April 15 and
16.
The paper, "Aerial Photographic Survey of Vegetation
Damage Caused by an Air Pollution Incident," by D. R. Williams
and J. H. Long, was presented at the Remote Sensing of
Natural Resources meeting at Utah State University, Logan,
Utah, April 21 and 22.
The paper, "The U, S. Environmental Protection Agency
Program of Environmental Remote Sensing from Aircraft," by
S. H. Me1fi, was presented at the Seventh Annual Symposium
on the Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants, at Lake Lanier
Islands, Georgia, April 25 and 27.
The paper, "Remote Sensing of Air Pollution," by J. A.
Eckert and R. B. Evans, was presented at the Eleventh Inter-
national Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment held at
the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan, April 26 through 29.
18

-------
The paper, "Status of Baseline Sampling for Elements in
Soil and Vegetation at Four KGRA's in the Imperial Valley,
California," by A. B. Crockett and G. B. Wiersma, was pre-
sented at the meeting Geothermal: State of the Art, held in
San Diego, California, May 9 through 11.
The paper, "Ethylmercury: Formation in Plant Tissues
and Relation to Methylmercury Formation," by L. C. Fortmann,
D. D. Gay and K. 0. Wirtz, was presented at the Eleventh
Annual Conference on Trace Substances in Environmental
Health, Columbia, Missouri, June 7 through 9.
The following papers were presented at the Second
National Conference on the Interagency Energy/Environment
Research and Development Program, Washington, D. C., June 6
and 7:
"Rapporteur's Summary" for Health and Ecological
Effects Measurement and Monitoring, Session IV: Measurement
and Monitoring. This summary was presented by G. B. Morgan,
Rapporteur of Session IV, and Director of the Las Vegas
Laboratory.
"Air and Water Quality Data Integration in the Western
Energy Resource Development Area," by D. N. McNelis.
"Airborne Active Remote Sensing of Pollutants," by J.
A. Eckert and M. P. F. Bristow.
"Western Coal and Oil Shale Groundwater Monitoring
Research and Development," by L. G. McMillion.
"Western Energy-Related Overhead Monitoring Project,"
by E. L. Tilton, III, and R. W. Landers, Jr.
The paper, "Comparison of the Efficiency of Macroin-
vertebrate Samplers in the White River, Utah," by J. E.
Pollard and C. E. Hornig, was presented at the Annual Meeting
of the Western Division of the American Society of Limnology
and Oceanography, San Francisco California, June 12 through
16.
The paper, "Some Statistical Concepts New for Quality
Control," by R. R. Kinnison and A. N. Jarvis, was presented
at the Western Regional Meeting of the American Statistical
Association, Stanford University, Stanford, California,
June 21 through 23.
19

-------
REPORTS OF ERDA REIMBURSABLE WORK
"Five-year Summary Report of an Experimental Dairy
Herd Maintained on the Nevada Test Site 1971 through 1975,"
by E. M. Daley. (EMSL-LV-0539-9).
"Off- site Environmental Monitoring Report for the
Nevada Test Site and Other Test Areas used for Underground
Nuclear Detonations, January through December 1976," Mon-
itoring Operations Division, Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas. This report is a requirement
of the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration
Manual, Chapter 0513. (EMSL-LV-0539-12).
"Animal Investigation Program 1973 Annual Report:
Nevada Test Site and Vicinity," D. D. Smith, K. R. Giles
and D. E. Bernhardt. (EMSL-LV-0539-12).
"Animal Investigation Program 1974 Annual Report:
Nevada Test Site and Vicinity," D. D. Smith, K. R. Giles,
D. E. Bernhardt and K. W. Brown. (EMSL-LV-0539-10).
20

-------
U S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
SUPPORT LABORATORY
P.O. BOX 15027
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89m
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, S300
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EPA-335
FIRST CLASS MAIL

-------