XV EPA US EPA Office of Mobile Sources EPA420-B-98-001 EXHAUST EMISSION CERTIFICATION STANDARDS Federal Test Procedure (FTP) Federal and California Programs Light-Duty Vehicles (Passenger Cars) and Light Light-Duty Trucks (grams/mile) Vehicle Type Emission Category Vehicle Useful Life 5 Years / 50,000 Miles 10 Years / 100.000 Miles THC NMHC NMOG THC M NMHC 131 NMOG 111 HCHO HCHO Federal Her 0 Tier 1 0.20.08 Her 0 1261 Tier 1 LDT1 0-4U0 Tier 0 1261 Tier 1 LDT2 0.13). 10 California Tier 0 Tier 1 0.015 M0.08 [10] MO.08 TLEV LEV 0.125 0.075 0.015 0.015 0.156 0.090 0.018 0.018 [1°i0.08 o.o&oo ULEV ZEV 0.040 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.055 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.000 [10] M0.08 LDT1 Tier 0 Tier 1 oms [10] MQ.08 TLKV LEV 0.125 0.075 0.015 0.015 0.156 0.090 0.018 0.018 mo.08 o.o&oo ULEV ZEV 0.040 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.055 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.000 [10] MO.08 LDT2 Tier 0 Tier 1 oms [10] MO.10 TLEV LEV 0.160 0.100 0.018 0.018 0.200 0.130 0.023 0.023 mo. 10 ULEV 0.050 0.009 0.070 0.013 Last Modified: 3/24/98 0.05 ------- <»EPA US EPA Office of Mobile Sources EPA420-B-98-001 EXHAUST EMISSION CERTIFICATION STANDARDS Federal Test Procedure (FTP) Federal and California Programs Heavy Light-Duty Trucks (federal) and Medium-Duty Vehicles (California) (grams/mile) Vehicle Type Emission Category Vehicle Useful Life 5 Years / 50,000 Miles 11 Years 7 120,000 Miles NMHC 131 NMOG 111 NMHC NMOG111 HCHCJ HCHCj Federal LDT3 Tier 0 Tier 1 LDT4 Tier 0 Tier 1 California MDV1 Tier 0 Tier 1 0.180 ULEV 0.008 0.107 MDV2 Tier 0 imO.018 Tier 1 cnrarL8 0.009 LEV ULEV 0.160 0.100 0.230 0.143 SULEV 0.050 0.072 MDV3 Tier 0 Tier 1 0.280 ULEV 0.167 SULEV 0.006 0.084 MDV4 Tier 1 LEV ULEV 0.230 0.138 0.330 0.197 SULEV 0.069 0.100 MDV5 Tier 1 W036 0.300 0.430 ULEV 0.180 0.018 0.257 SULEV 0.090 0.009 0.130 Last Modified: 3/24/98 0.06 ------- v>EPA US EPA Office of Mobile Sources EPA420-B-98-001 EXHAUST EMISSION CERTIFICATION STANDARDS Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (SFTP) Federal and California Programs Light-Duty Vehicles (Passenger Cars), Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles (grams/mile) Vehicle Type Emission 4.000 Miles 5 Years / 50.000 Miles 10 Years / 100.000 Miles A/C TEST Category USOb TEST COMPOSITE NMHC+NOx A/C TEST CO COMPOSITE CO COMPOSITE NMHC+NOx A/C TEST CO COMPOSITE CO NMHC+NOx NMHC+NOx Federal Tier 1 LDT1 Tier 1 LDT2 Tier 1 0.65 1.02 LDT3 Tier 1 LDT4 Tier 1 Tier 1/TLEV California LEV/ULEV Tier 1/TLEV 1271 LEV/ULEV LDT1 Tier 1/TLEV LDT2 LEV/ULEV MDV1 MDV2 LEV/ULEV/SULEV MDV3 LEV/ULEV/SULEV MDV4 MDV5 Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- «»EPA US EPA Office of Mobile Sources EPA420-B-98-001 EXHAUST EMISSION STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Federal and California Programs Light-Duty Vehicles (Passenger Cars), Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles Vehicle Type lest Procedure Emission Category Model Year Federal Tier 0 lier 1 Undetermined LDT1 SFTP lier 1 LDT2 lier 0 lier 1 Undetermined SFTP Tier 1 LDT3 Tier 0 Tier 1 Undetermined LDT4 SFTP Tier 1 California Tier 0 Tier 1 80% Min 0.250 NMOG Fleet Ave. LDT1 TLEV 0.231 NMOG Meet Ave. 0.225 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.202 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.157 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.113 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.073 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.070 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.068 NMOG Fleet Ave. 0.062 NMOG Fleet Ave. LEV ULEV Undetermined \l 10% Min i\ 50% Min SFTP lier 1 l\ 85% Min \l l\ 100% \! <\ 25% Min 1LEV LEV l\ 50% Min !\ 85% Min \/ /\ 100% \/ '\25% Min ULEV lier 0 60% Max 20% Max LDT2 LEV ULEV SFTP Tier 1 TLEV LEV ULEV MDV1 MDV5 FTP Tier 0 Tier 1 LEV CULEV C SULEV1 MDV2 & MDV3 SFTP CLEV CULEV SULEV 0.295 NMOG /Fleet Avg. \ 0.287 \ 0.260 \ 0.205 \ 0.150 NMOG NMOG NMOG NMOG /Fleet Avg. /Fleet Avg. /Fleet Avg. /Fleet Avg. , 0.099 NMOG /Fleet Avg. 0.098 NMOG 'Fleet Avg. \ 25% Min \ 25% Min 0.095 NMOG Fleet Avg. 50% Min 50% Min 100% 100% 100% | 50% Max 0% 0.093 NMOG Fleet Avg. '\ 85% Min '\ 85% Min Undetermined 100% 100% 60% Max 40% Min 25% Min 60% Max 40% Min 50% Min 60% Max 40% Min 100% 60% Max 40% Min Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- a CDA US EPA Office of Mobile Sources otPA EPA420-B-98-001 Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes. Abbreviations, and Definitions FOOTNOTES TO THE TABLES OF EMISSION STANDARDS Page 1 of 7 1. NMHC FOR DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES 2. THCE FOR METHANOL VEHICLES 3. THCE FOR TIER 0 METHANOL VEHICLES, NMHCE FOR OTHER ALCOHOL VEHICLES 4. APPLIES TO DIESEL VEHICLES ONLY 5. DOES NOT APPLY TO CNG VEHICLES 6. CNG VEHICLES ONLY 7. 1.0 FOR DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES THROUGH 2003 MODEL YEAR 8. DOES NOT APPLY TO DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES 9. 1.25 FOR DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES THROUGH 2003 MODEL YEAR 10. DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES ONLY 11. METHANOL AND ETHANOL VEHICLES ONLY 12. GASOLINE VEHICLES ONLY 13. 0.7 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 14. 1.0 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 15. 1.1 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 16. 1.5 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 17. 1.3 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 18. 1.8 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 19. 2.0 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 20. 2.8 THROUGH MODEL YEAR 1997 21. 1.48 FOR DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES 22. 2.07 FOR DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES 23. OTHER EQUIVALENT SCHEDULES ALLOWED. 24. PC/LDV & LDT1 COMBINED WITH LDT2 FOR TIER 1 PHASE-IN 25. PC/LDV & LDT1 COMBINED WITH LDT2 FOR SFTP PHASE-IN 26. STANDARDS APPLY AT A USEFUL LIFE OF 11 YEARS / 120,000 MILES 27. GASOLINE AND DIESEL VEHICLES ONLY Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes. Abbreviations, and Definitions ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE TABLES OF EMISSION STANDARDS Page 2 of 7 ALVV Adjusted Loaded Vehicle Weight CO Carbon Monoxide FTP Federal Test Procedure GVW Gross Vehicle Weight Rating HCH Formaldehyde HDV Heavy-duty Vehicle [California definition] [federal definition] HLD' Heavy Light-duty Truck LDT Light-duty Truck [California definition] [federal definition] LDT1 Light-duty Truck 1 LDT2 Light-duty Truck 2 LDT3 Light-duty Truck 3 LDT4 Light-duty Truck 4 LDV Light-duty Vehicle LLD1 Light Light-duty Truck LEV Low Emission Vehicle LVW Loaded Vehicle Weight MDV Medium-duty Vehicle NML Non-methane Hydrocarbon NMC Non-methane Organic Gases NOx Nitrogen Oxides PC Passenger Car PM Particulate Matter SFTP Supplemental Federal Test Procedure SULE Super-Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle THC Total Hydrocarbon TLEV Transitional Low-Emission Vehicle TW Test Weight ULE\ Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle ZEV Zero-Emission Vehicle Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes. Abbreviations, and Definitions FEDERAL DEFINITIONS Page 3 of 7 Adjusted Loaded Vehicle Weight (ALVW) The numerical average of vehicle curb weight and GVWR. (40 CFR 86.094-2) [Note: The federal "adjusted loaded vehicle weight" definition is identical to the California definition for "test weight."] Approach Angle the automobile is standing and a line tangent to the front tire static loaded radius arc and touching the underside of the automobile forward of the front tire. (40 CFR 86.084-2) Axle Clearance The vertical distance from the level surface on which an automobile is standing to the lowest point on the axle differential of the automobile. (40 CFR 86.084-2) Basic Vehicle Frontal Area The area enclosed by the geometric projection of the basic vehicle along the longitudinal axis, which includes tires but excludes mirrors and air deflectors, onto a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. (40 CFR 86.082-2) Breakover Angle The supplement of the largest angle, in the plan side view of an automobile, that can be formed by two lines tangent to the front and rear static loaded radii arcs and intersecting at a point on the underside of the automobile. (40 CFR 86.084-2) Departure Angle the automobile is standing and a line tangent to the rear tire static loaded radius arc and touching the underside of the automobile rearward of the rear tire. (40 CFR 86.084-2) Federal Test Procedure (FTP) The test procedure as described in 40 CFR 86.130-00 paragraphs (a) through (d) and (f) which is designed to measure urban driving tail pipe exhaust emissions and evaporative emissions over the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule as described in 40 CFR part 86 appendix I. (40 CFR 86.000-2) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) The value specified by the manufacturer as the maximum design loaded weight of a single vehicle. (40 CFR 86.082-2) Heavy Light-Duty Truck (HLDT) Heavy light-duty truck means any light-duty truck rated greater than 6,000 lbs GVWR. (40 CFR 86.094-2) Heavy-Duty Vehicle (HDV) Any motor vehicle rated at more than 8,500 pounds GVWR or that has a vehicle curb weight of more than 6000 pounds or that has a basic vehicle frontal area in excess of 45 square feet. (40 CFR 86.082-2) Incomplete Truck Any truck which does not have the primary load carrying device or container attached. (40 CFR 86.082-2) ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes, Abbreviations, and Definitions FEDERAL DEFINITIONS - CONTINUED Page 4 of 7 Light Light-Duty Truck (LLDT) Light light-duty truck means any light-duty truck rated up through 6,000 lbs GVWR. (40 CFR 86.094-2) [Note: The definition for this category of trucks is essentially identical to the California definition for "light-duty truck.") Light-Duty Truck (LDT) Any motor vehicle rated at 8,500 pounds GVWR or less which has a vehicle curb weight of 6,000 pounds or less and which has a basic vehicle frontal area of 45 square feet or less, which is: (1) Designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivation of such a vehicle, or (2) Designed primarily for transportation of persons and has a capacity of more than 12 persons, or (3) Available with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use. (40 CFR 86.082-2) Light-Duty Truck 1 (LDT1) Any light light-duty truck up through 3,750 lbs loaded vehicle weight. (40 CFR 86.094-2) Light-Duty Truck 2 (LDT2) Any light light-duty truck greater than 3,750 lbs loaded vehicle weight. (40 CFR 86.094-2) Light-Duty Truck 3 (LDT3) Any heavy light-duty truck up through 5,750 lbs adjusted loaded vehicle weight. (40 CFR 86.094 2) Light-Duty Truck 4 (LDT4) Any heavy light-duty truck greater than 5,750 lbs adjusted loaded vehicle weight. (40 CFR 86.094-2) Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) A passenger car or passenger car derivative capable of seating 12 passengers or less. [Note: The federal "light-duty vehicle" definition is essentially identical to the California definition for "passenger car."] Loaded Vehicle Weight (LVW) The vehicle curb weight plus 300 pounds. (40 CFR 86.082-2) SC03 Cycle The test cycle, described in 40 CFR 86.160-00 and listed in appendix I, paragraph (a), of 40 CFR part 86, which is designed to represent driving immediately following startup. (40 CFR 86.000-2) Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes. Abbreviations, and Definitions FEDERAL DEFINITIONS - CONTINUED Page 5 of 7 Special Features Enabling Off-Street Or Off-Highway Operation And Use A vehicle: (1) That has 4-wheel drive; and (2) That has at least four of the following characteristics calculated when the automobile is at curb weight, on a level surface, with the front wheels parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and the tires inflated to the manufacturer's recommended pressure; (i) Approach angle of not less than 28 degrees; (ii) Breakover angle of not less than 14 degrees; (iii) Departure angle of not less than 20 degrees; (iv) Running clearance of not less than 8 inches; (v) Front and rear axle clearances of not less than 7 inches each. (40 CFR 86.084-2) Supplemental Federal Test Procedure The additional test procedures designed to measure emissions during aggressive and microtransient driving, as described in 40 CFR 86.159-00 over the US06 cycle, and also the test procedure designed to measure urban driving emissions while the vehicle's air conditioning system is operating, as described in 40 CFR 86.160-00 over the SC03 cycle. (40 CFR 86.000-2) US06 The test cycle, described in 40 CFR 86.159-00 and listed in appendix 1, paragraph (g) of 40 CFR part 86, which is designed to evaluate emissions during aggressive and microtransient driving. (40 CFR 86.000-2) Vehicle Curb Weight (VCW) The actual or the manufacturer's estimated weight of the vehicle in operational status with all standard equipment, and weight of fuel at nominal tank capacity, and the weight of optional equipment computed in accordance with 40 CFR 86.082-24; incomplete light-duty trucks shall have the curb weight specified by the manufacturer. (40 CFR 86.082-2) Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes, Abbreviations, and Definitions CALIFORNIA DEFINITIONS Page 6 of 7 Heavy-Duty Vehicle (HDV) Any motor vehicle having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating greater than 6000 pounds, except passenger cars. Incomplete Vehicle Any vehicle which does not have the primary load carrying device or container attached. In situations where individual marketing relationships makes the status of the vehicle questionable, the Executive Officer shall determine whether a specific model complies with the definition of incomplete vehicle. Light-Duty Truck (LDT) Any motor vehicle, rated at 6000 pounds gross vehicle weight or less, which is designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivative of such a vehicle, or is available with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use. [Note: The California "light-duty truck" definition is essentially identical to the federal definition for "light light-duty truck."] Light-Duty Truck 1 (LDT1) Any light-duty truck up through 3,750 lbs loaded vehicle weight. [Note: California does not use the terms "light-duty truck 1" and "light-duty truck 2" in an official sense. However, they subdivide their light-duty trucks of less than 6000 pounds GVWR based on LVW in exactly the same way the federal regulations do, so these terms are applied to California emission standards to facilitate comparison.] Light-Duty Truck 2 (LDT2) Any light-duty truck greater than 3,750 lbs loaded vehicle weight. [Note: California does not use the terms "light-duty truck 1" and "light-duty truck 2" in an official sense. However, they subdivide their light-duty trucks of less than 6000 pounds GVWR based on LVW in exactly the same way the federal regulations do, so these terms are applied to California emission standards to facilitate comparison.] Low-Emission Vehicle (LEV) Any vehicle certified to low-emission standards. Medium-Duty Vehicle (MDV) Any pre-1995 model year heavy-duty vehicle having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of 8,500 pounds or less, any 1992 and subsequent model year heavy-duty low-emission, ultra-low-emission, super-ultra-low-emission or zero-emission vehicle having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less, or any 1995 and subsequent model year heavy duty vehicle having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less. Medium-duty vehicles are subdivided into five classes (MDV1-MDV5) based on vehicle test weight. Non-Methane Organic Gases (NMOG) The total mass of oxygenated and non-oxygenated hydrocarbon emissions. Passenger Car (PC) Any motor vehicle designed primarily for transportation of persons and having a design capacity of 12 persons or less. [Note: The California "passenger car" definition is essentially identical to the federal definition for "light-duty vehicle."] ------- Exhaust Emission Standards Footnotes, Abbreviations, and Definitions CALIFORNIA DEFINITIONS - CONTINUED Page 7 of 7 Super-Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle (SULEV) Any medium-duty vehicle certified to super-ultra-low-emission standards. Test Weight (TW) The average of the vehicle's curb weight and gross vehicle weight. [Note: The California "test weight" definition is identical to the federal definition of "adjusted loaded vehicle weight."] Transitional Low-Emission Vehicle (TLEV) Any vehicle certified to transitional low-emission standards. Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle (ULEV) Any vehicle certified to ultra-low emission standards. Zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) Any vehicle certified to zero-emission standards. Last Modified: 3/24/98 ------- |