EPA
Summary of Revisions to the
WaterSense Specification for Showerheads
WaterSense
Summary of Revisions to the
WaterSenseŽ Specification for Showerheads
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is announcing the release of Version 1.1 of its
WaterSense Specification for Showerheads. The purpose of this document is to summarize the
revisions made to the specification, share the reasoning behind the changes, and provide a
timeline for compliance with the new requirements.
EPA considers the updates referenced in this document to be minor in nature. The updates are
meant to provide clarification of the existing requirements and do not materially affect the
performance or efficiency requirements for showerheads. Specifically, EPA intends to
incorporate by reference relevant requirements of the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME) A112.18.1/Canadian Standards Association (CSA) B125.1 Plumbing Supply
Fittings standard, which has been updated by the ASME A112/CSA B125 Technical Committee
on Plumbing Fittings to provide consistency with the WaterSense Specification for
Showerheads.
These planned revisions do not affect the certification status of any existing WaterSense labeled
showerheads. EPA anticipates that these revisions will increase the reach of the WaterSense
Specification for Showerheads and will ensure that showerheads receiving the WaterSense
label are certified, marked, and labeled consistently, in accordance with EPA's intent, and will
continue to meet consumer expectations for efficiency and performance.
I. Background
WaterSense released its initial Specification for Showerheads in March 2010. Since then,
WaterSense has issued nine clarifications addressing the specification scope, maximum and
minimum flow rate verification protocol, and marking requirements.1
In addition, EPA has worked with the ASME A112/CSA B125 Technical Committee on Plumbing
Fittings to revise ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 over the years to harmonize the spray force,
spray coverage, minimum flow rate, and marking requirements with the WaterSense
Specification for Showerheads. This cooperative relationship 1) engaged experts from the
manufacturing, utility, and certification communities; and 2) worked through an existing public
process established in the United States and Canada for developing standards and
specifications for plumbing fittings. EPA sees this specification revision as the final phase of that
harmonization effort. Within the updated specification for showerheads, EPA directly references
ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1, where feasible, to align the testing and certification processes.
Additionally, since the specification was published, the market for showerheads has changed.
Rain showers, previously a small part of the market and considered a luxury item, have gained
popularity. In addition, manufacturers have begun to develop new models of rain showers, many
of which are water-efficient. A rain shower is a type of showerhead that is installed on the ceiling
or at the end of an extended arm, so it is located directly above a bather. Water falls vertically
from a rain shower onto the bather, mimicking natural rainfall. The original spray force
performance testing protocol developed in collaboration with the ASME A112/CSA B125
Technical Committee did not account for the rain shower product subtype. It was designed for
1 EPA. Compendium of WaterSense Product Specification, Certification, and Labeling Clarifications. June
29, 2017. www.epa.qov/watersense/product-specifications#pane-4
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Summary of Revisions to the
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WaterSense
more traditional fixed showerheads that have a dynamic spray and are mounted overhead,
typically at a 45-degree angle to the bather. As a result, the existing requirements have limited
the number of rain showers that have qualified for the WaterSense label to date.
Further, consumer choice has been inadvertently stifled. Some states, municipalities, and other
entities have adopted WaterSense criteria into regulations and plumbing codes, requiring
showerheads sold to carry the WaterSense label. In these locales, consumers may not be able
to purchase rain showers. Given these challenges, EPA has determined that extending the
WaterSense label to a larger showerhead product category would benefit consumers and
further increase adoption of WaterSense labeled showerheads.
The remainder of this document summarizes the revisions made to the WaterSense
Specification for Showerheads to harmonize requirements with the ASME A112.18.1/CSA
B125.1 standard; ensure greater consistency of showerhead certification, marking, and labeling;
and clarify the specification's applicability to rain showers.
II. Summary of Specification Revisions
Section 1.0 Scope and Objective
WaterSense has clarified that the specification applies to rain showers, even though rain
showers were not explicitly excluded from the scope of the original specification. The definition
of rain showers is included by reference to ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. WaterSense has also
removed the definitions of fixed showerheads and hand-held showers to avoid redundancy with
the definitions incorporated by reference to ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
WaterSense has clarified that body sprays are not included in the WaterSense Specification for
Showerheads. The popularity of body sprays has increased since the specification was
originally published, making it useful for WaterSense to clarify within the specification itself that
body sprays are not currently eligible for product labeling. As stated in Version 1.0 of the
WaterSense Specification for Showerheads Supporting Statement, body sprays are excluded
from this specification because their function and design are wholly different from that of a
showerhead or hand-held shower.
Section 2.0 General Requirements
WaterSense has removed language regarding requirements for multi-modal showerheads and
alternative water use settings to avoid redundancy, as these requirements have been integrated
within ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 and are now incorporated by reference to that standard.
Section 3.0 Water Efficiency Criteria
WaterSense has updated the specification to clarify that both maximum and minimum flow rates
must be tested in accordance with the procedures in ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
In addition, as previously indicated in the Compendium of WaterSense Product Specification,
Certification, and Labeling Clarifications (Reference IDs SH-1214-1 and SH-1214-2),
WaterSense has updated the reference to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) for the flow
rate testing verification protocol for showerheads. The flow rate verification protocol referenced
in the WaterSense Specification for Showerheads (Version 1.0), [10 CFR 430, Subpart F,
Appendix B, Step 6(b)], has been superseded by 10 CFR 429.29, and the methodology has
changed. WaterSense has also incorporated modified instructions for applying the flow rate
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Summary of Revisions to the
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WaterSense
verification protocol to the evaluation of the minimum flow rate. The instructions were previously
outlined in clarification SH-1214-2 and are now included in Section 3.1.3.3 of the specification.
Section 4.0 Spray Force Criteria
Since the publication of the WaterSense Specification for Showerheads, WaterSense has
worked closely with the ASME A112/CSA B125 Technical Committee to incorporate the
WaterSense performance testing protocol and requirements for spray force and coverage and
to harmonize the specification with the ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 standard. With this
version of the specification, WaterSense has updated this section to incorporate by reference
the relevant procedures in ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 related to spray force. WaterSense
has also removed Appendix A, which outlined the test procedure for spray force, from the
specification to reduce redundancy with the requirements that are now in the standard.
As WaterSense was working with the ASME A112/CSA B125 Technical Committee to adopt
requirements of the WaterSense specification into the standard, there was consensus that the
spray force testing protocol should be revised to accommodate rain showers. Under Version 1.0
of the specification, showerheads are required to be mounted at a 45-degree angle to the
bather, such that the showerhead spray hits a force plate used to verify the showerhead with a
spray force of 2 ounces-force (ozf). Rain showers are mounted directly above a bather, with the
showerhead faceplate parallel to the floor. Because rain showers have minimal horizontal force,
their spray cannot fully reach the force plate used to measure spray force and assess
compliance with Version 1.0 of this specification. Due to this challenge, many rain showers were
not able to meet the spray force requirement and earn the WaterSense label.
To account for rain showers' typical mounting configuration and ensure consistent and
equivalent testing requirements to standard showerheads, WaterSense worked with the ASME
A112/CSA B125 Technical Committee to update the spray force test protocol included in the
ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 standard. The new test protocol and performance criteria for rain
showers are mathematically equivalent to the protocol and criteria used to test standard fixed
showerheads under Version 1.0 of this specification. More information on the changes to the
spray force test protocol and criteria can be found in WaterSense's Explanation of Performance
Testing Under the WaterSense Specification for Showerheads, Version 1.0. This update simply
serves to equalize requirements for rain showers and standard showerheads and reflect their
typical mounting configurations.
Section 5.0 Spray Coverage Criteria
WaterSense has updated this section to incorporate by reference the relevant procedures in
ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 related to spray coverage. WaterSense has also removed
Appendix B, which outlined the test procedure for spray coverage, from the specification to
reduce redundancy with the requirements that are now in the standard.
Section 6.0 Marking
WaterSense has removed the specific requirements for marking and packaging to avoid
redundancy, as these requirements have been integrated within ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1
and are now incorporated by reference to that standard.
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Summary of Revisions to the
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WaterSense
Section 9.0 Definitions
WaterSense has eliminated extraneous definitions that are no longer referenced in the revised
specification.
Appendix A: Spray Force Procedure and Appendix B: Spray Coverage Procedure
As mentioned previously, the spray force and spray coverage performance testing protocols,
originally provided in Appendices A and B of Version 1.0 of the specification, respectively, are
now incorporated by reference to ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. To reduce redundancy with
the standard, WaterSense has removed the entirety of Appendices A and B from the revised
specification.
This change does not affect the specification's original requirements or intent.
Appendix A: Informative Annex for WaterSense Labeling
WaterSense has updated Appendix C from Version 1.0. With the removal of Appendices A and
B, Appendix C is now Appendix A. WaterSense has also clarified that the requirements in
Appendix A must be satisfied for products to be marked with the WaterSense label.
Scope Clarifications
WaterSense has added a scope clarification regarding the applicability of this specification to
shower panels or shower towers. Shower panels are products that can include one or more
showerheads in combination with one or more body sprays. WaterSense had previously issued
a clarification indicating that these products may be certified to the Specification for
Showerheads if the entire shower panel/tower meets the maximum flow rate requirement of this
specification, and at least one operating mode meets all the requirements of this specification
(Reference ID SH-1216-1 in the Compendium of WaterSense Product Specification,
Certification, and Labeling Clarifications). WaterSense has now incorporated this clarification
into the revised specification.
WaterSense Partnership
WaterSense has updated footnote 3 to clarify the requirements for private labeling. To mark a
product with the WaterSense label, private labeling organizations must have a signed
WaterSense partnership agreement with EPA. This is consistent with the WaterSense Program
Guidelines.
Conformity Assessment
WaterSense has revised the language to indicate that products will be assessed for
conformance to the specification by a licensed certifying body that has been accredited for this
specification per the WaterSense Product Certification System. These minor editorial revisions
are intended to align this section with the WaterSense Product Certification System.
WaterSense Label Use
WaterSense has added requirements for WaterSense label use to clarify marking guidelines for
product packaging and online and printed specification sheets. This language is intended to
align with requirements included in more recent WaterSense specifications and ensure
consistent application of the WaterSense Program Mark Guidelines across product categories.
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Summary of Revisions to the
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WaterSense
Further, WaterSense has incorporated requirements for product packaging that contains both a
WaterSense labeled showerhead and non-labeled products. For these products, the packaging
must clearly indicate which items within the package have earned the label. This language was
added to the specification to ensure adherence to the applicable marking requirements within
the WaterSense Program Mark Guidelines.
III. Timeline for Compliance With Version 1.1 of the Specification
Version 1.1 of this specification is in effect as of July 26, 2018.
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