United States	p P A-B00/R-04-1 ?7
Environmental Protection	tra ouu/n U4
Agency	September 2004
Emissions
from Coatings Used in
the Auto Refinishing
Industry

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EPA-600/R-04/127
September 2004
Emissions from Coatings Used in
the Automobile Refinishing Industry
by
Pamela M. Barfield, Geddes H. Ramsey,
Tracy A. Corwin, and Carlos M. Nunez
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EPA Project Officer: Geddes H. Ramsey
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

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Abstract
EPA Method 24 and EPA Method 311 analyses were performed on selected coatings and
components from the five major auto refinishing coating manufacturers. The purpose of this
report is to present the results of the EPA Methods 24 and 311 analyses and verify that the
results agree with the data presented by the paint manufacturers in their Material Safety
Data Sheets (MSDSs). Since the results of Method 24 agree with the VOC contents listed on
the labels and on the MSDS, the autobody shops can easily and reliably estimate their
volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. The information provided by this document
will be useful for anyone interested in estimating emissions from automobile refinishing
operations.
EPA Method 311 analyses were performed to ensure that no unpredicted emissions were
present by speciating and quantifying individual volatile paint components.
li

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Foreword
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting
the Nation's land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws,
the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance
between human activities and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet
this mandate, EPA's research program is providing data and technical support for solving
environmental problems today and building a science knowledge base necessary to manage
our ecological resources wisely, understand how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or
reduce environmental risks in the future.
The National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) is the Agency's center for
investigation of technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks
from pollution that threaten human health and the environment. The focus of the Laboratory's
research program is on methods and their cost-effectiveness for prevention and control of
pollution to air, land, water, and subsurface resources; protection of water quality in public
water systems; remediation of contaminated sites, sediments and ground water; prevention
and control of indoor air pollution; and restoration of ecosystems. NRMRL collaborates with
both public and private sector partners to foster technologies that reduce the cost of
compliance and to anticipate emerging problems. NRMRL's research provides solutions to
environmental problems by: developing and promoting technologies that protect and improve
the environment; advancing scientific and engineering information to support regulatory and
policy decisions; and providing the technical support and information transfer to ensure
implementation of environmental regulations and strategies at the national, state, and
community levels.
This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory's strategic long-term research
plan. It is published and made available by EPA's Office of Research and Development to
assist the user community and to link researchers with their clients.
Sally Gutierrez, Acting Director
National Risk Management Research
Laboratory
111

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EPA Review Notice
This report has been peer and administratively reviewed by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
iv

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Preface
The National Rule for the regulation of emissions from automobile refinishing limits the
volatile organic compound (VOC) content of automobile refinishing coatings manufactured
on or after January 11, 1999. The VOC content of each component must be stated on the
label, and equations are provided in this report for determining the VOC content of the
ready-to-spray coatings. The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (APPCD) of the
Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) National Risk Management Research
Laboratory (NRMRL) is assisting in the development of a methodology for estimating auto
refinishing emissions. EPA conducted tests to verify that the VOC content calculated from
the coating manufacturer's information is the same as the results from EPA Method 24
analysis of the ready-to-spray coatings. EPA Method 24 analyses were performed on
selected coatings from five major auto refinishing coating manufacturers. The results of
Method 24 agreed with the VOC contents on the labels or on the Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS), and the autobody shops can easily estimate their VOC emissions with the
manufacturer supplied information. EPA Method 311 analyses were performed to ensure
that no unpredicted toxic emissions were present by speciating and quantifying individual
volatile paint components.
The purposes of this report are to present the results of the EPA Methods 24 and 311
analyses and compare them to the data presented by the paint manufacturers in their MSDS
and technical data sheets. The information provided by this document will be useful for
anyone interested in estimating emissions from automobile refinishing operations.
EPA-600/R-04/127 represents the bottom-up approach for estimating emissions from each
auto refinishing shop. EPA analyses presented in this report show that the MSDS data sheets
are a generally reliable basis for estimating VOC content of auto refinishing coatings and
are useful for developing emissions estimates from individual vehicle repair shops. From the
volume of paint and solvent used with the MSDS values, the auto refinishing shop operators
can readily estimate emissions. EPA-600/R-03/096 describes a methodology for estimating
emissions using the top down approach. This method cannot be used as readily and
accurately by the body shop operators to calculate their emissions. The top down approach
is more appropriate to estimation of emissions nationally.
v

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vi

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Contents
Section	Page
Abstract	ii
Foreword	 iii
Preface 	 iv
List of Tables 	 viii
1	Introduction 	 1
2	Experimental Methods 	3
EPA Method 24 	3
EPA Method 311 	6
3	Results and Discussion	 15
4	Quality Assurance/Quality Control 	 19
5	Definitions 	23
6	References	29
6 Bibliography	30
Appendices
A Method 24	31
B Method 311	39
C Method 311 Results 	67
vii

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List of Tables
Table	Page
1.	Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Limits for Automobile Refinish Coatings	 2
2.	Paint Components and Mixing Ratios	 3
3.	GC/MS Conditions 	 7
4.	Coatings Standard Curve (1 mL final volume each standard)	 8
5.	Coating Hardeners Analyzed with EPA Method 311 	 11
6.	Coating Solvents (Reducers, Stabilizers, or Thinners) Analyzed with EPA
Method 311 	 12
7.	Coating Resins Analyzed with EPA Method 311 	 13
8.	Method 24 Density Analysis Results	 16
9.	Method 24 VOC Analysis Results	 17
10.	Analytical Precision Statements 	 19
viii

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Section 1
Introduction
The auto refinishing shops in business in the United States are classified as small,
medium, large, and shops at new car dealerships. The small and medium shops do mostly
jobs involving repair and refinishing of a portion of the car, such as a door or a panel.
About 90% of all refinish work is this type of spot repair. Automotive body shops did
about 227,000 jobs in 1998. Most of the jobs were in automotive repair shops or one of the
approximately 13,500 new car dealerships that have refinishing shops; but some were for
organizations that maintain their own vehicles, such as trucking companies and car rental
agencies. About one automobile body repairman out of six was self-employed.1
The procedures for refinishing a car vary from shop to shop, but the basic procedures are
the same for all: clean the surface, prime the surface, apply topcoats, and clean the
equipment. The shops may spray a variety of primers and topcoats (single stage or
multistage) depending on the repair and the paint already on the car, but 95% of the
coatings are supplied by five major manufacturers. These manufacturers are E.I. DuPont
de Nemours & Company, Inc., PPG Industries, Sherwin-Williams Company, BASF
Chemicals, and Akzo Coatings.2
National Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Standards for Automobile Refinish
Coatings, promulgated in 1999, require the coating manufacturers to meet the VOC
requirements by limiting the VOCs in the paint that they sell. This relieves the small body
shop of additional environmental constraints, but they still have to be able to spray the
paint from the manufacturers. The VOC limits for automobile refinishing are shown in
Table l.3
1

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Table 1. Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Limits for Automobile Refinish Coatings
Coating Category
Grams VOC Pounds VOC
per liter per gallon3
Pretreatment wash primers
Primers/primer surfacers
Primer sealers
One- and two-stage topcoats
Topcoats of more than two stages
Multi-COLORED topcoats
SDecialtv coatinas
780 6.5
580 4.8
550 4.6
600 5.0
630 5.2
680 5.7
840 7.0
a English units are provided for information only. Compliance will be determined
based on the VOC content limit expressed in metric units.
The VOC content of each component must be stated on the label and equations are
provided in this report for determining the VOC content of the ready-to-spray coatings.3
The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (APPCD) of EPA's National Risk
Management research Laboratory (NRMRL) wanted to verify that the VOC stated content
by the coating manufacturer was the same as the results from EPA Method 24 analysis of
the ready-to-spray coatings and from EPA Method 311 analysis. In order to address these
questions, the analyses reported herein were performed.
The amounts of VOCs stated in the Material Safety data Sheets (MSDS) needed to be
quantified to ensure that the manufacturers values were accurate and to test our analytical
methods. A low-VOC non-automotive paint had previously been tested, and VOC values
significantly different than those stated in the manufacturers MSDS were found. Those
tests suggested that a random sample of coatings from each of the five major auto coatings
manufacturers should be tested. The ready-to-spray coatings should also be tested to
determine if any volatile compounds were produced during mixing that would change the
values stated in the MSDS.
Since the results of Method 24 and 311 agree with the VOC contents on the labels or on
the MSDS, the autobody shops have reliable information at their disposal to estimate their
VOC emissions.
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Section 2
Experimental Methods
EPA Method 24
To check the accuracy of the VOC content of the auto refinishing coatings, the VOC
content had to be determined for the ready-to-spray coating. This involved mixing the
components as the manufacturers recommended and analytically determining the VOC
content. To accomplish this task, the components necessary to mix typical ready to spray
coatings from the five major manufacturers were purchased. The components and mixing
ratios are shown in Table 2.4-8
Table 2. Paint Components and Mixing Ratios
Sample ID
Manufacturer
Components
Mix Ratio
071333/075192
Akzo Nobel
4.0 production clear/hardener
4:1
096062(1 K3)/074295
Akzo Nobel
basecoat/reducer
3:2
072086/074295/075624
Akzo Nobel
primer/reducer/hardener
2:20%:1
Diamont 84479/UR50
BASF
basecoat/reducer
2:1
DC92/DH46/UR50
BASF
clearcoat/hardener/reducer
3:1:20%
DP20/PH12/UR50
BASF
primer/hardener/reducer
4:1
:1
817A/793S/8022S
DuPont
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
380S/3661S
DuPont
actylic lacquer clear/thinner
1
2
817K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
99K/7175S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
99K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
131S/3661S
DuPont
lacquer primer/thinner
1
1
817L/3661S
DuPont
lacquer/thinner
1
1
1140S/1125S/1135S
DuPont
urethane primer/hardener/reducer
4:1
:1
817G/7005S/7075S
DuPont
urethane topcoat/hardener/reducer
3:1
:1
V7500S/V7565S (PB)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
4:1
7500S/7575S
DuPont
urethane/mid temp, activator
4:1
V7500S/V7575S
DuPont
urethane/mid temp, activator
4:1
DBC-2185/DT-870
PPG
basecoat/thinner
1
1
DCU-2021/DT-870/DCX-61
PPG
clear coat/thinner/hardener
4:1
:1
K-36/K-201
PPG
primer/catalyst
5:1
F8W2030/V6V247/R7K212
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
8:1:6
P2A43/R7K248
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic lacquer primer/thinner
1
1
E2-G980/R7-K981
Sherwin-Williams
bare metal primer/reducer
1
1
UB-2030/BCS605
Sherwin-Williams
basecoat(7000)/std. stabilizer
1
1
(continued)
3

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Table 2. Paint Components and Mixing Ratios (concluded)
Sample ID
Manufacturer
Components
Mix Ratio
USS-2030/SSH520/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
one stage/hardener/reducer
4:1:2
P6A48/V6V79/US-3
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
P6A48/V6V79/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
P6A48/V6V79/US-1
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
E6H59/V6V79/US-1/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
4:1:2:2
E6H59/V6V79/US-3/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
4:1:2:2
CC645HS/CCH690/IJS3
Sherwin-Williams
urethane/activator/reducer
4:1:2
Sample Preparation
A 210-220 mL of sample was prepared by mixing the components in a 250 mL glass jar.
The components were combined by volume in the ratio recommended by the manufacturer
as follows:
1.	The correct volume of coating component A containing solvent, thinner, and/or
reducer were poured into a 150 mL pharmaceutical graduate. The correct volume of
coating component B containing hardener, activator, and/or catalyst, if applicable,
were added to coating component A in the same pharmaceutical graduate and stirred
with a spatula (5-10 s).
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR HARDENER:
a.	Remove the safety cap from the hardener container.
b.	Turn on the nitrogen purge.
c.	Add the hardener to the pharmaceutical graduate.
d.	Clean the grooved top of the hardener container with a paper towel.
e.	Purge the hardener with nitrogen before closing its container.
2.	The correct volume of the coating component C containing the resin for any one of the
coating types chosen for formulation (i.e., primer, sealer, clear coat, basecoat, enamel,
lacquer or urethane) was then poured into a 250 mL pharmaceutical graduate.
Combined coating components A and B were added to component C and stirred with a
spatula for 20-30 s. The sample was then poured into a 250 mL glass jar, and the jar
was shaken by hand for 20-30 s to ensure the combined components A, B, and C were
thoroughly mixed.
Total Volatile Content
Appendix A is a copy of Method 24, which references ASTM Standards D 2369-959. An
4

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aluminum weighing dish was preconditioned by heating for 30 min in a forced draft, type
IIA oven at 110±5 °C. The dish was then stored in a desiccator until cool. To the
preconditioned and weighed aluminum weighing dish, 3±1 mL of Certified ACS toluene
was added. Using a 3 mL disposable syringe, the correct amount of sample was added to
the toluene in the dish according to the following:
While adding the sample dropwise to the dish, the dish was swirled to disperse the sample
in the solvent. A duplicate was then prepared in the same manner. The samples were
required to stand from 1 to 24 hours before being placed in the forced draft oven for one
hour at 110±5 °C.
After the dishes were removed from the oven, they were immediately placed in a
desiccator and allowed to cool to ambient temperature before weighing to within 0.1 mg.
The percent volatile matter was calculated using the equation
where
%VM = percent volatile matter
Wj = weight of dish, g
W2 = weight of dish plus sample after heating, g
S = sample weight, g
The analyses were run in pairs until the precision requirement—the relative percent
difference between the volatile content values for a pair of coating samples cannot exceed
1.5%—was met. Relative percent difference is the absolute value of the difference
between the two values divided by the mean of the two values, expressed as a percentage.
Density
Six U.S. standard weight-per-gallon cups were calibrated according to ASTM Standard
D1475-90 10 with freshly boiled distilled water that was cooled to below 25 °C. The cups
were placed in a constant temperature water bath maintained at 25 °C for 30 minutes,
dried, and weighed to within 1 mg. The volume of each cup was calculated using the
equation
Expected VOC
40% or less
more than 40%
Sample Weight
0.3±0.1 g
0.5±0.1 g
%VM = 100 - [((W2 - Wj)/S) x 100]
5

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V = (N - M)/A
where
V	= volume of cup, mL
N = weight of cup and water, g
M = weight of empty cup, g
A = absolute density of water at 25 °C, (0.997072 g/mL)
To determine the density of the coating, one of the cups was weighed and filled with
sample. The cover was placed on the cup and sealed with a rotary motion. A small amount
of the sample must flow from the small hole in the center of the cover to ensure that the
cup is completely filled. A duplicate was prepared in the same manner, and both cups were
placed in a constant temperature water bath maintained at 25 °C. The samples remained in
the water bath for 30 minutes. After wiping off the overflow from the hole in the cover,
each cup was dried and weighed to the nearest milligram. The density was calculated
using the equations
D(g/mL) = (W - w)/V
D(lb/gal) = (W - w) x K/V
where
D = density, g/mL or lb/gal
W = weight of cup and sample, g
w = weight of empty cup, g
V	= volume of cup, mL
K = 8.3454, conversion factor
The analyses were run in pairs until the precision requirement—the absolute difference
between each density value of the pair and the mean of the two density values could not
deviate by more than 0.001 kg/L—was met.
EPA Method 311
A copy of EPA Method 311 is attached as Appendix B. A Hewlett Packard 6890 Gas
Chromatograph (GC) and a 5973 Mass Selective Detector (MSD) were used for this
analysis. The GC column used for the analysis was a 30-meter by 0.25 mm id. DB Wax.
This was chosen because it separated all the xylene isomers and also lacked co-elution
problems with the late eluting dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. The GC system was
6

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equipped with electronic programmable control that allowed exactly 1 mL/min to flow
through the column allowing for very stable retention times. A split injection of 20:1 was
performed due of the need to increase the calibration range.
The MSD was the detector of choice for this particular application. There was need for
positive confirmation of all compounds found in these low VOC coatings. In addition,
co-elution of target analytes did not affect quantification. Target analyte integrations were
performed based upon singular ions found in each target analyte. The software allows for
specific ions to be used solely for quantification while each compound has qualifier ions
that ensure qualitative assignment by ion ratio comparison with the NIST 98 library.
The MSD was run in "full-scan" mode to allow for unknowns to be determined by
comparison with the NIST 98 spectral library. The MSD was tuned using
perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA). The standard spectra autotune software was used as a
means to tune the MSD. Using standard spectra autotune tuning program, the isotopic
abundance ratios for the fragmentation of PFTBA were such that 69 m/z was the highest
fragment with 219 m/z having a relative abundance of 55% and 502 m/z having a relative
abundance of 2.5%. The sampling scan rate was adjusted to obtain close to 2 full scans per
second, which equated to nearly 10 sampling periods across each peak. The electro
multiplier voltage was determined using standard spectra autotune. The GC/MS (Mass
Spectroscopy) conditions are shown in Table 3.
Table 3. GC/MS Conditions
GC Component
Hewlett Packard 6890 GC
GC column
Carrier gas
Oven temp, ramp rate
Injection port
Detector
Detector characteristics
30 m DB Wax by 0.25 mm id by 0.25 uM film thickness
Helium at 1 mL/min using electronic pressure control
45 °C hold 4 min; ramp at 2 °/min to 65 °C; hold 6 min; ramp
at 35 °/min to 220 °C; hold 10 min
250 °C
Low resolution mass-selective detector
AMU rang 29 m/z to 450 m/z; scan rate = 3 (2 scans/s);
threshold value = 100: EMV-1518
Pure standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Chem Services. A stock solution
was prepared at a concentration of 10,000 |ig/mL. This stock solution was traceable to the
gravimetric weighing of each of the standards. The dilution reagent DMF was only 99.8%
free from foreign substances, but blanks demonstrated that no target analytes were
7

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detected. All target analytes were pure and required no compensatory multiplier to adjust
for actual purity. The calibration ranged between 200 and 3000 |ig/mL and was
established prior to sample analysis. Standards were prepared sequentially by adding 20,
75, 150, 225, and 300 |iL of a 10,000 |ig/ml stock solution to each of 5 vials and diluted to
1 mL with DMF. All calibration levels were performed in triplicate. Relative standard
deviations (RSD) for all target analytes were less than 15% as the method specified for the
initial calibration. A mid-level check standard (calibration standard #3) was analyzed
every 10 samples and before each daily sample analysis. Relative differences for all target
analytes were less than 10% compared to the initial calibration. A deuterated internal
standard, d8-toluene, was used in the analysis. The internal standard was added to each 1
mL sample just prior to analysis (3.3 |iL). Table 4 identifies the calibration.
Table 4. Coatings Standard Curve (1 mL final volume each standard)
Substance
0505BTP1
0505BTP2
0505BTP3
0505BTP4
0505BTP5
nga
nga
nga
nga
nga
d8 toluene (internal standard)
3026.1
3026.1
3026.1
3026.1
3026.1
ethyl acetate
180.2
675.9
1351.4
2027.2
2703.0
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
192.7
722.7
1445.0
2167.6
2890.1
2-heptanone
229.6
861.2
1721.9
2583.1
3444.1
2-pentanone
249.1
934.4
1868.2
2802.5
3736.7
acetone
216.1
810.7
1562.0
2431.6
3242.1
1 -methoxy-2-propanol acetate
260.4
976.7
1952.9
2929.5
3906.0
dichloromethane
258.2
968.6
1936.5
2905.0
3873.3
butyl propionate
296.1
1110.8
2220.9
3331.6
4442.1
MEK
185.8
697.1
1393.7
2090.7
2787.7
MIAK
190.4
714.2
1427.9
2142.0
2856.0
MIBK
197.4
740.5
1480.6
2221.1
2961.4
toluene
262.1
983.0
1965.5
2948.4
3931.2
ethyl benzene
237.5
890.9
1781.3
2672.2
3562.9
p-xylene
243.8
914.3
1828.1
2742.4
3656.5
o-xylene
247.5
928.4
1856.3
2784.7
3712.9
m-xylene
234.3
878.7
1756.8
2635.4
3513.9
n-butyl acetate
228.7
857.9
1715.3
2573.0
3430.7
2-butoxyethanol
231.0
866.4
1732.3
2598.7
3464.9
isopropanol
192.9
723.4
1446.5
2169.8
2893.1
2-butoxyethyl acetate
282.4
1059.2
2117.7
3176.8
4235.7
isopropyl acetate
205.7
771.7
1543.0
2314.6
3086.2
dibutyl phthalate
281.4
1055.5
2110.3
3165.6
4220.8
ethanol
203.6
763.6
1526.7
2290.1
3053.5
(continued)
8

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Table 4. Coatings Standard Curve (1 mL final volume each standard) (concluded)
Substance
0505BTP1
0505BTP2
0505BTP3
0505BTP4
0505BTP5






nga
nga
nga
nga
nga
methanol
238.9
896.1
1791.7
2687.8
3583.7
1,2,3-trimethylbenzene
256.6
962.6
1924.7
2887.2
3849.5
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene
249.4
935.5
1870.5
2805.8
3741.1
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
249.4
935.5
1870.5
2805.8
3741.1
d10-D-xvlene fsurroaate')
246.6
925.1
1849.7
2774.7
3699.5
a A 20x inlet split reduced the actual dynamic range to between 10 and 150 ng to the GC/MS system.
A method detection limit (MDL) study was performed prior to sample analysis. A
practical quantification limit (PQL-lowest calibration level) of 200 ng was chosen to be
the level replicated 7 times (in accordance to 40 CFR Appendix B to Part 136). The
standard deviation of these 7 replicates multiplied by the factor 3.14 gave the calculated
detection limits. These values would have been lowered if a lower PQL was chosen but
were acceptable for the scope of this study. Because the final target analyte list was not
complete when the initial MDL study was performed, a few compounds (acetone, ethyl
acetate, 2-pentanone, p-chlorobenzotrifloride, 2-heptanone, and l-methoxy-2-propanol
acetate) were estimated because they were late additions to the calibration database. These
estimated detection limits were prepared by assigning a value of 1 ng to each and
multiplying by the split ratio of 20. These estimated values are considered conservative for
the MSD 5973 detector.
An independent quality control (QC) test was also performed. Four components: methyl
ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isoamyl ketone (MIAK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and
n-butyl acetate were spiked in similar fashion to the weighing of a sample. Because these
four compounds were of vital importance to most samples tested and were considered a
microcosm of most target analytes in this study, only these were chosen to determine the
validity of the QC test mandated in method 311. Specifically, a 10,000 |ig/mL stock
solution of each of the four components was prepared gravimetrically in DMF. From this
stock solution, a low and high spike was prepared. The low spike was prepared close to
200 |ig/mL, and the high spike was prepared close to 900 |ig/mL. A 20 |iL aliquot was
taken from the stock and added to 980 |iL of DMF for the low spike. A 90 |iL aliquot was
taken from the stock and added to 910 |iL of DMF for the high spike. Each sample had
3.3 |iL of d8-toluene added just prior to injection, and the samples were shaken for 2
minutes (ref: personal lab book #.1802, page 20). All recoveries were between 94% and
102%.
9

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Automotive refinish coating samples were prepared by weighing 0.05 gram into a tared 7
mL amber vial filled with 5 mL of DMF solvent. Each sample was shaken for two minutes
to extract the VOC contents in each coating into the DMF. If the sample was cloudy, it
was centrifuged for 10 minutes to shake out the solid material. A surrogate compound,
d-10-p-xylene, was added to most samples to help determine extraction efficiency. Six |iL
of dlO-p-xylene was added as a surrogate compound. A few samples were not spiked with
this surrogate compound but are still valid samples (surrogate's function was to assess
extraction efficiency and wasn't mandatory). A 1 mL portion was transferred to a 2 mL
graduated amber vial, 3.3 |iL of d8-toluene was added and shaken again for 20 seconds. A
1 |iL aliquot was then injected onto the GC/MS system. The operating procedure was:
1.	Mix sample thoroughly.
2.	Weigh 0.05 g into a tared amber 7 mL vial.
3.	Spike 6 |iL of dlO-p-xylene (surrogate) onto the coating.
4.	Immediately add 5 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide.
5.	Shake the vial for 2 minutes.
6.	If the solution is clear, transfer a 1 mL portion to an amber 2 mL vial.
7.	If the solution is cloudy, centrifuge the sample for 30 minutes then transfer.
8.	Add 3.3 |iL of d8-toluene as the internal standard.
9.	Inject a 1 |iL portion into the GC/MS system.
A total of 65 samples were analyzed in this study (Appendix C). Two duplicate samples
and four blanks (three reagent and one method) were also analyzed. All blanks were less
than the MDL. Because the goal of the project was to verify project data sheet
concentrations that only comprised significant target hits (and all blanks that were
analyzed demonstrated cleanliness), blanks were not analyzed as frequently as method 311
specified. Moreover, once it was determined that nearly all of the sample concentrations
matched product literature values, complete sample replication was deemed unnecessary.
Each duplicate was treated as an independent sample and was extracted/analyzed. The two
duplicated samples had an average difference of less than 5% for the major components
determined by the analysis. Specific component sample concentrations marked with a "J"
denote that the value is between the PQL and the MDL. Specific component sample
concentrations marked with an "E" denote that the original analysis exceeded calibration,
and the value was obtained by diluting the sample by an appropriate amount. Although
such dilution was ideal for compounds that were above calibration, it put other
components below optimal levels. Therefore, only the previously "above calibration"
value was used from the diluted run. This ensured that all reported targets were analyzed
10

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within the calibration curve limits.
Tentatively identified compounds (TIC) were also found and reported using the Library
Search Compound (LSC) program. This is not to be confused with the term "tentatively
identified compound" found in section 12.1 of the method. TIC in this case is geared
specifically toward GC/MS applications and refers only to non-target components that are
positively identified. The LSC program searches and finds spectral matches for non-target
hits that are not part of the calibration database. The reported TIC's used only the response
factor of the nearest internal standard as a basis for quantification. Because it is an
unknown without a relative response factor like the target components, these values are
only estimated.
The specific coating hardeners analyzed with EPA Method 311 are identified in Table 5,
the solvents in Table 6, and the resins in Table 7.
Table 5. Coating Hardeners Analyzed with EPA Method 311
Manufacturer
Hardener
Akzo-Nobel
075192 Multi Panel Clear
075624 4.6 Fast Epoxy
BASF
RM-DH46 Low VOC Diamont
RM-PH12 Undercoat
DuPont
1125S Urethane Primer
7005S Urethane
V-7565S Aliphatic polymeric isocyanate
V-7575S Aliphatic polymeric isocyanate
193S Activator for Imron syatems
PPG
DCX61
K201 Primer-Surfacer Catalyst
Sherwin-Williams
CCH690 ULTRA 7000 HS
E6C61 ULTRA-FIL II
SSH520 ULTRA ONE STAGE Urethane
UH80 ULTRA 7000 Low VOC
V6V247 ACRYLYD Acrvlic Enamel
11

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Table 6. Coating Solvents (Reducers, Stabilizers, or Thinners) Analyzed with EPA
Method 311
Manufacturer
Solvent
Akzo-Nobel
074295 4.6 Medium Reducer
BASF
RM-UR50 Universal Mid Temp Reducer
DuPont
8022S Enamel Reducer
7075S Urethane Reducer
1135S Urethane Primer Reducer
7175S Reducer for Chromabase systems
7160S Reducer for Chromabase systems
3661S Laquer thinner
N0006HNH White Single-application Coating
L0006HNH White basecoat
PPG
DT870 Reducer
Sherwin-Williams
ES15 Transducer Compliant Solvent #2
ES20 Compliant Solvent
R7K212 ACRYLYD Acrylic Enamel Reducer
R7K248 Sher-Lac Acrylic Lacquer Thinner
R7K981 G.B.P. Etching Filler Reducer
R7K982 G.B.P. Etching Filler Reducer
US1 ULTRASOLV
US2ULTRASOLV
US3ULTRASOLV
US5ULTRASOLV
BCS600V Ultra 7000 Basecoat Fast Stabilizer
BCS605V Ultra 7000 Basecoat Standard Stabilizer
12

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Table 7. Coating Resins Analyzed with EPA Method 311
Manufacturer
Resin
Akzo-Nobel
071333 4.0 Production Clear
072086 2.8-4.6 Gray Epoxy Primer Sealer
1 k Basecoat
BASF
RM-84479 Polyester Basecoat
RM-DC92 Low VOC Diamont Clear
RM-DP20 Undercoat Urethane Primer
DuPont
817A Acrylic Enamel
817G
131S Fill 'N' Sand Acrylic Primer Surfacer
817L Lacquer
1440S Urethane Primer
817K Chromabase Basecoat
899K Chromabase Black Basecoat
3440S High Solids Clear for Imron systems
380S Imron 6000 Clear
PPG
DCU2021 Urethane Clear
DBC2185 Acrylic Urethane Basecoat
Sherwin-Williams
CC637 ULTRA 7000 HS
P2A43 ULTRA-FIL Acrylic Primer-Surfacer
P6A48 ULTRA-FIL Acrylic Urethane Primer-Surfacer
E6H59 ULTRA-FIL II Acrylic Urethane
E2G980 G.B.P. Etching Filler
U7F2030
USS2030
WB2030
WU6590
13

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14

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Section 3
Results and Discussion
The results of the EPA Method 24 analyses are shown in Tables 8 and 9. The
manufacturers reported VOC and density values for individual coating components in the
MSDS. Method 24 was used to analyze multi-component coatings after two or more
individual parts were combined. Therefore, to compare these results to those in the MSDS,
the data for individual components was used to calculate values for the multi-component
mixtures. These values are listed in the tables under the Report/Calc columns because
calculations were performed using reported data. Examples of these calculations are listed
in the Definitions section.
Akzo Nobel, BASF, and Dupont reported weight percent volatiles as well as VOC less
exempts (LE) as pounds per gallon. The only exception was the BASF Diamont 84479.
PPG reported weight percent volatiles, and Sherwin Williams reported VOC LE as pounds
per gallon, so dashed lines appear under the Report/Calc columns due to the lack of
reported data. Density results for Dupont sample 1140S /1125S /1135S do not appear
because the precision requirement was not met. The Method 24 results generally agreed
with the values reported by the manufacturers. The largest discrepancies occurred with the
low temperature transducers, which tend to evaporate fast. The Method 24 analyses
included the volatiles and density run on the same sample. The density was done first, and
this may have allowed a portion of the solvents to evaporate before the volatiles analysis
was done.
The EPA Method 311 data sheets shown in Appendix C contain all of the coatings that
were analyzed. Reagent blanks and a method blank were also analyzed and reported. The
reporting format consists of a listing of the target analytes, the GC/MS Method 311 values,
a column for aggregate xylenes, and the MSDS listing for each compound. The GC/MS
values agreed well with the MSDS values with only a few exceptions. Because of the
generic nature of the literature data and the likelihood of compositional components being
changed before the literature is updated, discrepancies can and did occur. When these
discrepancies occurred, most, if not all, of the other components in the same sample
agreed well with the MSDS listed values. Fortunately, mass selection detection greatly
15

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Table 8. Method 24 Density Analysis Results
Sample ID
Manufacturer
Components
Mix Ratio
M24
Density
(kg/L)
M24
Density
(lb/gal)
Report/Calc.
Density
(lb/gal)
071333/075192
Akzo Nobel
4.0 production clear/hardener
4:1
0.948
7.908
7..84
096062(1 K3)/074295
Akzo Nobel
basecoat/reducer
3:2
1.038
8.659
7.78
072086/074295/075624
Akzo Nobel
primer/reducer/hardener
2:20%:1
1.227
10.236
10.43
Diamont 84479/UR50
BASF
basecoat/reducer
2:1
0.995
8.306
7.41-8.78
DC92/DH46/UR50
BASF
clearcoat/hardener/reducer
3:1:20%
0.962
8.031
8.01
DP20/PH12/UR50
BASF
primer/hardener/reducer
4:1
:1
1.327
11.072
10.92
817A/793S/8022S
DuPont
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
0.985
8.220
8.41
380S/3661S
DuPont
actylic lacquer clear/thinner
1
2
0.847
7.072
7.04
817K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
0.920
7.681
7.65
99K/7175S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
0.853
7.117
7.20
99K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
1
1
0.846
7.061
7.18
131S/3661S
DuPont
lacquer primer/thinner
1
1
1.120
9.347
8.88
817L/3661S
DuPont
lacquer/thinner
1
1
0.901
7.516
7.61
1140S/1125S/1135S
DuPont
urethane primer/hardener/reducer
4:'
:1
—
—
11.12
817G/7005S/7075S
DuPont
urethane topcoat/hardener/reducer
3:1
:1
1.113
9.285
9.25
V7500S/V7565S (PB)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
4:1
0.953
7.955
7.93
V7500S/V7565S (TC)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
4:1
0.960
8.005
7.93
V7500S/V7565S (GR)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
4:1
0.954
7.959
7.93
V7500S/V7565S (LH)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
4:1
0.960
8.008
7.93
7500S/7575S
Dupont
urethane/mid temp, activator
4:1
0.966
8.062
8.07
V7500S/V7575S
Dupont
urethane/mid temp, activator
4:1
0.959
8.000
7.95
DBC-2185/DT-870
PPG
basecoat/thinner
1
1
1.046
8.731
7.96
DCU-2021/DT-870/DCX-61
PPG
clear coat/thinner/hardener
4:1
:1
0.953
7.953
7.93
K-36/K-201
PPG
primer/catalyst
5:1
1.420
11.848
11.76
F8W2030/V6V247/R7K212
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
8:1
:6
1.024
8.543
7..3-8.3
P2A43/R7K248
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic lacquer primer/thinner
1
1
1.028
8.576
8.49
E2-G980/R7-K981
Sherwin-Williams
bare metal primer/reducer
1
1
0.930
7.759
7.80
UB-2030/BCS605
Sherwin-Williams
basecoat(7000)/std. stabilizer
1
1
0.949
7.924
7.5-8.2
USS-2030/SSH520/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
one stage/hardener/reducer
4:1:2
1.070
8.929
7.5-8.7
P6A48/V6V79/US-3
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
1.179
9.842
9.84
P6A48/V6V79/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
1.180
9.848
9.89
P6A48/V6V79/US-1
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
8:1:2
1.167
9.737
9.78
E6H59/V6V79/US-1/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
4:1:2:2
1.119
9.338
9.17
E6H59/V6V79/US-3/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
4:1:2:2
1.124
9.378
9.24
CC645HS/CCH690/US3
Sherwin-Williams
urethane/activator/reducer
4:1:2
0.960
8.011
7.94

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Table 9. Method 24 VOC Analysis Results
Sample ID
Manufacturer
Components
M24
Report/Calc.
M24 Calc.
Report/Calc.



VOCs
VOCs
VOCs
VOCs LE



weight%
weight%
(lb/gal)
(lb/gal)
071333/075192
Akzo Nobel
4.0 production clear/hardener
57.80
59.60
4.57
4.2
096062(1 K3)/074295
Akzo Nobel
basecoat/reducer
69.54
82.6
6.02
6.52
072086/074295/075624
Akzo Nobel
primer/reducer/hardener
46.44
54.17
4.75
4.2
Diamont 84479/UR50
BASF
basecoat/reducer
73.34
71-88
6.09
—
DC92/DH46/UR50
BASF
clearcoat/hardener/reducer
51.52
55
4.14
4.2
DP20/PH12/UR50
BASF
primer/hardener/reducer
42.71
49
4.73
4.7
817A/793S/8022S
DuPont
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
47.82
56.48
3.93
4.6
380S/3661S
DuPont
actylic lacquer clear/thinner
88.63
88.87
6.27
6.0
817K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
80.48
82.21
6.18
6.0
99K/7175S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
87.40
85.42
6.22
6.1
99K/7160S
DuPont
chromabase basecoat/basemaker
88.04
85.42
6.22
6.1
131S/3661S
DuPont
lacquer primer/thinner
65.84
70.55
6.15
5.7
817L/3661S
DuPont
lacquer/thinner
77.05
77.99
5.79
5.4
1140S/1125S/1135S
DuPont
urethane primer/hardener/reducer
43.64
46.65
4.78
4.6
817G/7005S/7075S
DuPont
urethane topcoat/hardener/reducer
45.56
51.22
4.23
4.5
V7500S/V7565S (PB)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
54.04
55.96
4.30
4.4
V7500S/V7565S (TC)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
54.51
55.96
4.36
4.4
V7500S/V7565S (GR)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
54.31
55.96
4.32
4.4
V7500S/V7565S (LH)
DuPont
urethane/fast activator
54.56
55.96
4.37
4.4
7500S/7575S
Dupont
urethane/mid temp, activator
61.05
63.99
4.92
5.2
V7500S/V7575S
Dupont
urethane/mid temp, activator
52.89
55.94
4.23
4.4
DBC-2185/DT-870
PPG
basecoat/thinner
67.94
67-94
5.93
—
DCU-2021/DT-870/DCX-61
PPG
clear coat/thinner/hardener
50.98
53.15
4.05
—
K-36/K-201
PPG
primer/catalyst
33.86
38.23
4.01
—
F8W2030/V6V247/R7K212
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic enamel/hardener/reducer
58.31
—
4.98
4.7-5.8
P2A43/R7K248
Sherwin-Williams
acrylic lacquer primer/thinner
66.57
—
5.71
5.71
E2-G980/R7-K981
Sherwin-Williams
bare metal primer/reducer
76.99
—
5.97
6.00
UB-2030/BCS605
Sherwin-Williams
basecoat(7000)/std. stabilizer
78.35
—
6.21
5.6-6.6
USS-2030/SSH520/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
one stage/hardener/reducer
53.23
—
4.75
4.9-5.5
P6A48/V6V79/US-3
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
46.61
—
4.59
4.70
P6A48/V6V79/US-5
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
46.11
—
4.54
4.75
P6A48/V6V79/US-1
Sherwin-Williams
primer/hardener/reducer
45.11
—
4.39
4.65
E6H59/V6V79/US-1/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
50.64
—
4.73
3.34
E6H59/V6V79/US-3/ES15
Sherwin-Williams
sealer/hardener/reducer/solvent
40.90
—
3.84
3.39
CC645HS/CCH690/US3
Sherwin-Williams
urethane/activator/reducer
61.78
—
4.95
4.95

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facilitated this identification of unexpected compounds that were not listed by the MSDS
literature. This made it possible to eventually quantify these components after system
calibration. Flame ionization detection would not have allowed such a process to occur
without great effort.
18

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Section 4
Quality Assurance/Quality Control
A Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) was not prepared for this project because Quality
Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) is included in the two EPA Methods being used.
Method 24
To perform the Method 24 analyses, the following quality control procedures were
implemented:
The analytical balances were calibrated;
The weight per gallon cups were calibrated;
Type IIA Forced Draft Oven was used;
Technical grade toluene was used; and
Type II of Specification D 1193 water was used.
Method 24 states, "The variety of coatings that may be subject to analysis makes it
necessary to verify the ability of the analyst and the analytical procedures to obtain
reproducible results for the coatings tested. Verification is accomplished by running
duplicate analyses on each sample tested and comparing the results with the intra-laboratory
precision statements for each parameter." The intra-laboratory precision statements are
given in Table 10.
Table 10. Analytical Precision Statements
Parameter
Intra-laboratory precision
Volatile matter content, Wv
Density,
±0.015WV
±0.001 kg/L
Four laboratory personnel ran duplicate Method 24 analyses of one of the coatings. The
results are shown in Table 8 for DuPont sample V7500S/V7565S.
19

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Method 311
Quality assurance was maintained by adhering to strict parameters laid out by Method 311.
The following method/instrumental quality control parameters were monitored:
Reagent blanks and a method blank (DMF) demonstrated that none of the target or
interfering peaks/ions were detected.
The analytical balance was calibrated (see Method 24).
The initial calibration was performed in triplicate at 5 different levels rather than just
3 (method minimum). The RSD of each component for all calibrations components
were less than 15%.
Daily calibration checks were within the 90% to 110% range. Once the system was
proven to be out of calibration, re-calibration was performed (provided that the
sample had the "out of calibration"component present).
A quality control check standard (QCCS) was prepared and analyzed (ref PLB 1802
p. 20). Mid- and a low-level check spikes were independently prepared
gravimetrically at concentrations of 200 |ig/mL and 1000 |ig/mL respectively. The
recoveries for each of four compounds (MEK, MIBK, MIAK, and n-butyl acetate)
were all close to 100%.
A surrogate compound, dlO-p-xylene, was added to most samples prior to sample
extraction as an additional (not required) means of determining extraction efficiency.
All percent recoveries were between 90% and 110%.
Samples were shaken for 120 seconds rather than the specified time in the method of
60 seconds to ensure proper extraction time.
• New 7 mL amber vials were used to minimize cross-contamination and light effects.
Cloudy samples were centrifuged for 15 minutes at 2000 rpm. This removed solids
from each sample needing it. The clear portion was injected onto the GC/MS system.
All peaks were manually integrated to ensure that there was no chance of poor
integration that would cause poor results.
Baseline drift/stability was less than 5% of full scale.
The retention times were extremely stable (less than 0.02 minutes) because the
GC/MS system has electronic pressure control (EPC) capability. EPC increases the
inlet head pressure as the oven temperature ramps upward to always give a 1 mL/min
flow at all times.
Data Analysis and Calculations
Target analyte concentrations are calculated using the equation
HAPwt%= 100 x (AX)(WJ(A^(RRFX)(WX)
20

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where
HAPwm = Weight percent of the analyte in coating
Ax = Ion abundance of the analyte in the sample
Wis = Weight of internal standard added to sample, g
Ais = Ion abundance of the internal standard in the sample
RRFX = Mean relative response factor for the analyte in the calibration standard
Wx = Weight of coating add to the sample solution, g.
Calculate percent accuracy for analytes in the QCCS by
% accuracyx = 100 x Xx'l'x
where
Xx = the mean measured value
Tx = the known true value of the analyte in the QCCS.
Obtain retention times (RTs) from the data station, and calculate the RTs for analytes in the
calibration standards as follows:
RT= number of minutes from injection to peak maximum.
The response factor (RF) for the internal standard was calculated by
RFistd ~ Aist/W;std
where:
Aistd = ion abundance of the internal standard
WlSfd = weight of the internal standard.
The relative response factor for analytes (RRF) in the calibration standards are calculated as
follows:
RRFx = A/RFIstdCx
where:
RFistd = response factor for the internal standard
Ax = ion abundance of the analyte being measured
21

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Cx = weight of the analyte being measured.
The percent relative standard deviation was automatically calculated by the Agilent software
package. The software package used equation 7 found in Method 311.
22

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Section 5
Definitions311
(1)	ADHESION PROMOTER is a coating designed to facilitate the bonding of a primer or
topcoat on surfaces such as trim moldings, door locks, and door sills, where sanding is
impractical, and on plastic parts and the edges of sanded areas.
(2)	AUTOMOBILE REFINISH COATING COMPONENT means any portion of a coating
such as a reducer or thinner, hardener, additive, etc. recommended by its manufacturer or
importer to distributors or end-users for automobile refinishing. The raw materials used to
produce the components that are mixed by the end-user to prepare a coating for application
are not considered automobile refinish coating components. Any reference to automobile
refinishing made by a manufacturer or importer on a container or in product literature
constitutes a recommendation for automobile refinishing.
(3)	AUTOMOBILE REFINISH COATING OR COATING COMPONENT IMPORTER,
OR IMPORTER, means any company, group, or individual that brings automobile refinish
coatings or coating components from a location outside the United States into the United
States for sale or distribution in the United States.
(4)	AUTOMOBILE REFINISH COATING OR COATING COMPONENT
MANUFACTURER, OR MANUFACTURER, means any company, group, or individual
that produces or packages automobile refinish coatings or coating components for sale or
distribution in the United States, including an entity which produces or packages such
coatings or coating components under a private label for another party.
(5)	AUTOMOBILE REFINISHING means the process of coating automobiles or their parts,
including partial body collision repairs, that is subsequent to the original coating applied at
an automobile original equipment manufacturing plant.
(6)	BASECOAT is a pigmented topcoat which is the first topcoat applied as part of a
multistage topcoat system.
23

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(7)	BASECOAT/CLEARCOAT TOPCOAT SYSTEM is a topcoat system composed of a
basecoat portion and a clearcoat portion. The VOC content of a basecoat/clearcoat topcoat
system shall be calculated according to
VOCms = (VOCbc + 2VOCcc)/3
where:
VOCms = the composite VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds to be used
for compliance determination under the multistage topcoat system coating
category
VOCbc = the VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds as applied, of any
given basecoat
VOCcc = the VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds as applied, of any
given clearcoat.
(8)	CLEARCOAT is a topcoat which contains no pigments or only transparent pigments and
which is the final topcoat applied as a part of a multistage topcoat system.
(9)	COATING is a material which is applied to a surface and which forms a film in order to
beautify and/or protect such surface.
(10)	EXEMPT COMPOUNDS means specific organic compounds that are not considered
volatile organic compounds due to negligible photochemical reactivity. The exempt
compounds are specified in § 51.100(s) of 40 CFR Chapter 1.
(11)	GENERAL TOPCOAT is any type of topcoat except extreme performance topcoat,
metallic/iridescent topcoat, and any topcoat applied as part of a multistage topcoat system.
(12)	GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER (density) OF COATING LESS WATER AND LESS
EXEMPT COMPOUNDS, is the weight of VOC per combined volume of VOC and coating
solids and shall be calculated by the equation
Density of coating, less water and less exempt compounds = (Ws -Ww- Wes)/ (Vm -Vw- Ves)
where:
Density = Grams of VOC per liter
Ws = weight of volatile compounds in grams
24

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Ww = weight of water in grams
Wes = weight of exempt compounds in grams
Vm = volume of material in liters
Vw = volume of water in liters
Ves = volume of exempt compounds in liters
(13)	GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the weight of VOC per volume of
material and shall be calculated by the equation:
Grams of VOC per Liter of Material = (Ws -Ww- Wes)/Vm
where:
Ws = weight of volatile compounds in grams
Ww = weight of water in grams
Wes = weight of exempt compounds in grams
Vm = volume of material in liters
(14)	GROUP I VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT are large sized trucks, buses, and mobile
equipment.
(15)	GROUP II VEHICLES are passenger cars, small sized trucks and vans, medium sized
trucks and vans, motor homes, and motorcycles.
(16)	HARDENER means a coating component specifically designed to promote a faster cure
of an enamel finish.
(17)	HIGH VOLUME, LOW PRESSURE (HVLP) SPRAY is an equipment used to apply
coatings by means of a spray gun which is designed to be operated and which is operated
between 0.1 and 10 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) air pressure measured dynamically
at the center of the air cap and at the air horns.
(18)	LABEL means any written, printed, or graphic matter affixed to or appearing upon any
automobile refinish coating or coating component container or package for purposes of
identifying or giving information on the product, use of the product, or contents of the
container or package.
(19)	LACQUER means a thermoplastic coating which dries primarily by solvent
25

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evaporation, and which is resoluble in its original solvent.
(20)	LOW-GLOSS COATING means a coating which exhibits a gloss reading less than or
equal to 25 on a 60° glossmeter.
(21)	MIDCOAT is a semi transparent topcoat which is the middle topcoat applied as part of
a three stage topcoat system.
(22)	MIXING INSTRUCTIONS means the coating or coating component manufacturer's or
importer's specification of the quantities of coating components for mixing a coating.
(23)	MULTI COLORED TOPCOAT is a coating which exhibits more than one color when
applied, and which is packaged in a single container and applied in a single coat.
(24)	MULTI COLORED MULTISTAGE TOPCOAT SYSTEM is a basecoat/clearcoat
topcoat system in which the basecoat portion is a multi colored topcoat.
(25)	MULTISTAGE TOPCOAT SYSTEM is any basecoat/clearcoat topcoat system or any
three stage topcoat system, manufactured as a system, and used as specified by the
manufacturer.
(26)	PASSENGER CAR is any motor vehicle designed primarily for transportation of
persons and having a design capacity of 12 persons or less.
(27)	PRECOAT COATING is a coating applied to bare metal primarily to deactivate the
metal surface for corrosion resistance to a subsequent water base primer.
(28)	PRETREATMENT COATING is a coating which contains no more than 16 percent
solids by weight and at least V2V0 acid by weight, is used to provide surface etching, and is
applied directly to bare metal surfaces to provide corrosion resistance and promote adhesion
for subsequent coatings.
(29)	PRIMER is a coating applied for purposes of corrosion resistance or adhesion of
subsequent coatings.
(30)	PRIMER SEALER is a coating applied prior to the application of a topcoat for the
purpose of color uniformity or to promote the ability of an underlying coating to resist
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penetration by the topcoat.
(31)	PRIMER SURF ACER is a coating applied for the purpose of corrosion resistance or
adhesion and which promotes a uniform surface by filling in surface imperfections.
(32)	REDUCER means any solvent used to thin enamels.
(33)	SINGLE-STAGE TOPCOAT means a topcoat consisting of only one coating.
(34)	SOLVENT CLEANING OPERATIONS is the removal of loosely held uncured
adhesives, uncured inks, uncured coatings, and contaminants which include, but are not
limited to, dirt, soil, and grease from parts, products, tools, machinery, equipment, and
general work areas. Each distinct method of cleaning in a cleaning process that consists of a
series of cleaning methods shall constitute a separate solvent cleaning operation.
(35)	SPECIALTY COATING is any of the following coatings: adhesion promoters, uniform
finish blenders, elastomeric materials, anti glare safety coatings, impact resistant coatings,
rubberized asphaltic underbody coatings, water hold out coatings, weld thru coatings, and
bright metal trim repair coatings.
(36)	SPOT REPAIRS are repairs to motor vehicles in which the damaged area to be repaired
is limited to only a portion of any given panel so that an entire panel need not be repaired.
(37)	STENCIL COATING is an ink or a pigmented coating which is rolled or brushed onto
a template or a stamp in order to add identifying letters, symbols, and/or numbers to motor
vehicles, mobile equipment, or their parts and components.
(38)	THINNER means any solvent used to reduce the viscosity or solids content of a
coating.
(39)	THREE STAGE TOPCOAT SYSTEM is a topcoat system composed of a basecoat
portion, a midcoat portion and a transparent clearcoat portion. The VOC content of a three
stage topcoat system shall be calculated according to the formula
VOCms = VOCbc + VOCmc + 2 VOC J A
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where
VOCms = the composite VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds to be used
for compliance determination underthe multistage topcoat system coating
category.
VOCbc = the VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds as applied, of any
given basecoat.
VOCmc = the VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds as applied, of any
given midcoat.
VOCcc = the VOC content, less water and less exempt compounds as applied, of any
given clearcoat.
(40)	TOPCOAT is a coating applied over any coating for the purpose of appearance,
identification, or protection.
(41)	TOUCH UP COATING is a coating applied by brush, air brush, or non refillable
aerosol can to cover minor surface damage and dispensed in containers of no more than
eight (8) ounces.
(42)	TRANSFER EFFICIENCY is the ratio of the weight of coating solids deposited on an
object to the total weight of coating solids used in a coating application step, expressed as a
percentage.
(43)	TWO-STAGE TOPCOAT means a topcoat consisting of a pigmented basecoat and a
transparent clearcoat.
(44)	VEHICLE is a device by which any person or property may be propelled, moved, or
drawn upon a highway, excepting a device moved exclusively by human power or used
exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.
(45)	VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is any volatile compound containing the
element carbon, excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid,
metallic carbides or carbonates, ammonium carbonate, and exempt compounds.
(46)	VOC CONTENT means the weight of VOC per volume of coating, calculated
according to the procedures in § 59.104(a) of 40 CFR Chapter 1.
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Section 6
References
1.	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
Alternative Control Techniques Document: Automobile Refinishing. EPA 453/R-94/031
(NTIS PB94-191699). Research Triangle Park, NC. April 1994. pp. 2-7 to 2-10.
2.	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Automobile Refinishing. Background
Information for Proposed Standards. EPA 453/D-95/005a (NTIS PB96-172457).
Research Triangle Park, NC. August 1995. pp. 3-1 to 3-8.
3.	40 CFR Chapter 1, Part 59, Subpart B. July 1999.
4.	E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. DuPont Automotive Finishes (MSDS). Wilmington, DE.
January 1998.
5.	Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc. Lesonal Technical Reference Manual. Norcross, GA.
November 1999.
6.	PPG Industries, Inc. PPG FaxBack: Material Safety Data Sheets. Strongsville, OH.
March 1999.
7.	BASF Corporation. BASF SmartFax: Material Safety Data Sheets. Whitehouse, OH.
December 1999.
8.	Sherwin-Williams Automotive Finishes Corp. Paint-Safe Material Safety Data Sheets
(Booklet 1). Cleveland, OH. June, 1996.
9.	ASTM D 2369-81, 87, 90, 92, 93, or 95, Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of
Coatings.
10.	ASTMD 1475-60, 80, or 90, Standard Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish,
Lacquer, and Related Products.
11.	South Coast Air Quality Management District, Rule 1151. Motor Vehicle and Mobile
Equipment Non-assembly Line Coating Operations. December 1998.
http://www.aqmd.gov/rules/download.html (accessed December 2004)
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Section 7
Bibliography
1.	Kline & Company, Inc. prepared for the National Paint & Coatings Association. Paint
and Coatings "2000": Review and Forecast. Fairfield, NJ. November 1995. pp. 149-152.
2.	Anderson, Steve P. and Charlie Rubick, Texas Natural Resource Commission, Air
Quality Planning Division. Quantifying Automobile Refinishing VOC Air Emissions: A
Methodology with Estimates and Forecasts. The Emission Inventory: Key to Planning,
Permits, Compliance, and Reporting (The proceedings of a specialty conference
cosponsored by AWMA and U.S. EPA), New Orleans, LA. September 1996.
3.	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. Guides to
Pollution Prevention: The Automotive Refinishing Industry. EPA/625/7-91/016 (NTIS
PB-129139). Cincinnati, OH. October 1991. pp. 5.
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Appendix A
Method 24
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METHOD 24 - DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE MATTER CONTENT,
WATER CONTENT, DENSITY, VOLUME SOLIDS, AND
WEIGHT SOLIDS OF SURFACE COATINGS
1.0 Scope and Application.
1.1 Analytes.
Analyte
CAS No.
Volatile organic compounds
no CAS number assigned
Water
7732-18-5
1.2	Applicability. This method is applicable for the determination of volatile matter
content, water content, density, volume solids, and weight solids of paint, varnish, lacquer,
or other related surface coatings.
1.3	Precision and Bias. Intra- and inter-laboratory analytical precision statements are
presented in Section 13.1. No bias has been identified.
2.0 Summary of Method.
2.1 Standard methods are used to determine the volatile matter content, water content,
density, volume solids, and weight solids of paint, varnish, lacquer, or other related surface
coatings.
3.0 Definitions.
3.1	Waterborne coating means any coating which contains more than 5 percent water
by weight in its volatile fraction.
3.2	Multicomponent coatings are coatings that are packaged in two or more parts, which
are combined before application. Upon combination a coreactant from one part of the
coating chemically reacts, at ambient conditions, with a coreactant from another part of the
coating.
3.3	Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-cured coatings are coatings which contain unreacted
monomers that are polymerized by exposure to ultraviolet light.
4.0 Interferences. [Reserved]
5.0 Safety.
5.1 Disclaimer. This method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and
equipment. This test method may not address all of the safety problems associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
32

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performing this test method.
5.2 Hazardous Components. Several of the compounds that may be contained in the
coatings analyzed by this method may be irritating or corrosive to tissues (e.g., heptane) or
may be toxic (e.g., benzene, methyl alcohol). Nearly all are fire hazards. Appropriate
precautions can be found in reference documents, such as Reference 3 of Section 16.0.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies.
The equipment and supplies specified in the ASTM methods listed in Sections 6.1
through 6.6 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17 [40 CFRJfor acceptable versions of the
methods) are required:
6.1	ASTM D 1475-60, 80, or 90, Standard Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish,
Lacquer, and Related Products.
6.2	ASTM D 2369-81, 87, 90, 92, 93, or 95, Standard Test Method for Volatile Content
of Coatings.
6.3	ASTM D 3792-79 or 91, Standard Test Method for Water Content of Water
Reducible Paints by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph.
6.4	ASTM D 4017-81, 90, or 96a, Standard Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint
Materials by the Karl Fischer Titration Method.
6.5	ASTM 4457-85 (Reapproved 1991), Standard Test Method for Determination of
Dichloromethane and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a
Gas Chromatograph.
6.6	ASTM D 5403-93, Standard Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation
Curable Materials.
7.0 Reagents and Standards.
7.1 The reagents and standards specified in the ASTM methods listed in Sections 6.1
through 6.6 are required.
8.0 Sample Collection, Preservation, Storage, and Transport.
8.1 Follow the sample collection, preservation, storage, and transport procedures
described in Reference 1 of Section 16.0.
9.0 Quality Control.
9.1 Reproducibility (NOTE: Not applicable to UV radiation-cured coatings). The
variety of coatings that may be subject to analysis makes it necessary to verify the ability of
the analyst and the analytical procedures to obtain reproducible results for the coatings
tested. Verification is accomplished by running duplicate analyses on each sample tested
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(Sections 11.2 through 11.4) and comparing the results with the intra-laboratory precision
statements (Section 13.1) for each parameter.
9.2 Confidence Limits for Waterborne Coatings. Because of the inherent increased
imprecision in the determination of the VOC content of waterborne coatings as the weight
percent of water increases, measured parameters for waterborne coatings are replaced with
appropriate confidence limits (Section 12.6). These confidence limits are based on measured
parameters and inter-laboratory precision statements.
10.0 Calibration and Standardization.
10.1 Perform the calibration and standardization procedures specified in the ASTM
methods listed in Sections 6.1 through 6.6.
11.0 Analytical Procedure.
Additional guidance can be found in Reference 2 of Section 16.0.
11.1	Non Thin-film Ultraviolet Radiation-cured (UV radiation-cured) Coatings.
11.1.1	Volatile Content. Use the procedure in ASTM D 5403 to determine the
volatile matter content of the coating except the curing test described in NOTE 2 of ASTM
D 5403 is required.
11.1.2	Water Content. To determine water content, follow Section 11.3.2.
11.1.3	Coating Density. To determine coating density, follow Section 11.3.3.
11.1.4	Solids Content. To determine solids content, follow Section 11.3.4.
11.1.5	To determine if a coating or ink can be classified as a thin-film UV cured
coating or ink, use the equation in Section 12.2. If C is less than 0.2 g and^4 is greater than
or equal to 225 cm2 (35 in2), then the coating or ink is considered a thin-film UV
radiation-cured coating and ASTM D 5403 is not applicable.
NOTE: As noted in Section 1.4 of ASTM D 5403, this method may not be
applicable to radiation curable materials wherein the volatile material is water.
11.2	Multi-component Coatings.
11.2.1 Sample Preparation.
11.2.1.1 Prepare about 100 mL of sample by mixing the components in a storage
container, such as a glass jar with a screw top or a metal can with a cap. The storage
container should be just large enough to hold the mixture. Combine the components (by
weight or volume) in the ratio recommended by the manufacturer. Tightly close the
container between additions and during mixing to prevent loss of volatile materials.
However, most manufacturers mixing instructions are by volume. Because of possible error
caused by expansion of the liquid when measuring the volume, it is recommended that the
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components be combined by weight. When weight is used to combine the components and
the manufacturer's recommended ratio is by volume, the density must be determined by
Section 11.3.3.
11.2.1.2 Immediately after mixing, take aliquots from this 100 mL sample for
determination of the total volatile content, water content, and density.
11.2.2	Volatile Content. To determine total volatile content, use the apparatus and
reagents described in ASTM D2369 Sections 3 and 4 (incorporated by reference—see §
60.17 for the approved versions of the standard), respectively, and use the following
procedures:
11.2.2.1	Weigh and record the weight of an aluminum foil weighing dish. Add 3
± 1 mL of suitable solvent as specified in ASTM D2369 to the weighing dish. Using a
syringe as specified in ASTM D2369, weigh to 1 mg, by difference, a sample of coating into
the weighing dish. For coatings believed to have a volatile content less than 40 weight
percent, a suitable size is 0.3 ± 0.10 g, but for coatings believed to have a volatile content
greater than 40 weight percent, a suitable size is 0.5 ±0.1 g.
NOTE: If the volatile content determined pursuant to Section 12.4 is not in the
range corresponding to the sample size chosen repeat the test with the appropriate sample
size. Add the specimen dropwise, shaking (swirling) the dish to disperse the specimen
completely in the solvent. If the material forms a lump that cannot be dispersed, discard the
specimen and prepare a new one. Similarly, prepare a duplicate. The sample shall stand for a
minimum of 1 hour, but no more than 24 hours prior to being oven cured at 110 ± 5 °C (230
± 9 °F) for 1 hour.
11.2.2.2	Heat the aluminum foil dishes containing the dispersed specimens in
the forced draft oven for 60 min at 110 ± 5 °C (230 ± 9 °F). Caution—provide adequate
ventilation, consistent with accepted laboratory practice, to prevent solvent vapors from
accumulating to a dangerous level.
11.2.2.3	Remove the dishes from the oven, place immediately in a desiccator,
cool to ambient temperature, and weigh to within 1 mg.
11.2.2.4	Run analyses in pairs (duplicate sets) for each coating mixture until the
criterion in Section 11.4 is met. Calculate Wv following Equation 24-2 and record the
arithmetic average.
11.2.3	Water Content. To determine water content, follow Section 11.3.2.
11.2.4	Coating Density. To determine coating density, follow Section 11.3.3.
11.2.5	Solids Content. To determine solids content, follow Section 11.3.4.
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11.2.6 Exempt Solvent Content. To determine the exempt solvent content, follow
Section 11.3.5.
NOTE: For all other coatings (i.e., water- or solvent-borne coatings) not covered by
multicomponent or UV radiation-cured coatings, analyze as shown below:
11.3 Water- or Solvent-borne coatings.
11.3.1	Volatile Content. Use the procedure in ASTM D 2369 to determine the
volatile matter content (may include water) of the coating.
11.3.1.1	Record the following information:
W] = weight of dish and sample before heating, g
W2 = weight of dish and sample after heating, g
W3 = sample weight, g.
11.3.1.2	Calculate the weight fraction of the volatile matter (Wv) for each
analysis as shown in Section 12.3.
11.3.1.3	Run duplicate analyses until the difference between the two values in a
set is less than or equal to the intra-laboratory precision statement in Section 13.1.
11.3.1.4	Record the arithmetic average (Wv).
11.3.2	Water Content. For waterborne coatings only, determine the weight fraction
of water (Ww) using either ASTM D 3792 or ASTM D 4017.
11.3.2.1	Run duplicate analyses until the difference between the two values in a
set is less than or equal to the intra-laboratory precision statement in Section 13.1.
11.3.2.2	Record the arithmetic average (Ww).
11.3.3	Coating Density. Determine the density (Dc, kg/L) of the surface coating
using the procedure in ASTM D 1475.
11.3.3.1	Run duplicate analyses until each value in a set deviates from the mean
of the set by no more than the intra-laboratory precision statement in Section 13.1.
11.3.3.2	Record the arithmetic average (Dc).
11.3.4	Solids Content. Determine the volume fraction (Vs) solids of the coating by
calculation using the manufacturer's formulation.
11.3.5	Exempt Solvent Content. Determine the weight fraction of exempt solvents
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(WE) by using ASTM Method D4457. Run a duplicate set of determinations and record the
arithmetic average (WE).
11.4 Sample Analysis Criteria. For Wv and Ww, run duplicate analyses until the
difference between the two values in a set is less than or equal to the intra-laboratory
precision statement for that parameter. For Dc, run duplicate analyses until each value in a
set deviates from the mean of the set by no more than the intra-laboratory precision
statement. If, after several attempts, it is concluded that the ASTM procedures cannot be
used for the specific coating with the established intra-laboratory precision (excluding UV
radiation-cured coatings), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will assume
responsibility for providing the necessary procedures for revising the method or precision
statements upon written request to: Director, Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division,
MD-14, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
12.0 Calculations and Data Analysis.
12.1	Nomenclature.
A = Area of substrate, cm2, (in2).
C = Amount of coating or ink added to the substrate, g.
Dc = Density of coating or ink, g/cm3 (g/in3).
F = Manufacturer's recommended film thickness, cm (in).
Wa = Weight fraction of nonaqueous volatile matter, g/g.
Ws = Weight fraction of solids, g/g.
Wv = Weight fraction of the volatile matter, g/g.
Ww = Weight fraction of the water, g/g.
12.2	To determine if a coating or ink can be classified as a thin-film UV cured coating
or ink, use the equation
C = F AD,
(24-1)
12.3 Calculate Wv for each analysis as shown below:
Wv = (W1 - W2)/W3
(24-2)
12.4 Nonaqueous Volatile Matter.
12.4.1 Solvent-borne Coatings.
W = W
'' o	v
(24-3)
12.4.2 Waterborne Coatings.
W =W -W
'' o	v	w
(24-4)
12.4.3 Coatings Containing Exempt Solvents.
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Wa=Wv-WE-Ww
(24-5)
12.5	Weight Fraction Solids.
W = \ -Wv	(24-6)
12.6	Confidence Limit Calculations for Waterborne Coatings. To calculate the lower
confidence limit, subtract the appropriate inter-laboratory precision value from the measured
mean value for that parameter. To calculate the upper confidence limit, add the appropriate
inter-laboratory precision value to the measured mean value for that parameter. For Wv and
Dc, use the lower confidence limits; for Ww, use the upper confidence limit. Because Ws is
calculated, there is no adjustment for this parameter.
13.0 Method Performance.
13.1 Analytical Precision Statements. The intra- and inter-laboratory precision
statements are given in Table 24-1 in Section 17.0.
14.0 Pollution Prevention. [Reserved]
15.0 Waste Management. [Reserved]
16.0 References.
Same as specified in Section 6.0, with the addition of the following:
1.	Standard Procedure for Collection of Coating and Ink Samples for Analysis by
Reference Methods 24 and 24A. EPA-340/1-91-010. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Stationary Source Compliance Division, Washington, D.C. September 1991.
2.	Standard Operating Procedure for Analysis of Coating and Ink Samples by Reference
Methods 24 and 24A. EPA-340/1-91-011. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Stationary Source Compliance Division, Washington, D.C. September 1991.
3.	Handbook of Hazardous Materials: Fire, Safety, Health. Alliance of American
Insurers. Schaumberg, IL. 1983.
17.0 Tables, Diagrams, Flowcharts, and Validation Data.
TABLE 24-1. ANALYTICAL PRECISION STATEMENTS.
Parameter
Intra-lab oratory Inter-laboratory
Volatile matter content, Wv
Water content, Ww
Density, Dr
±0.015 Wv ±0.047 wv
±0.029 Ww ±0.075 Ww
±0.001 kg/L ±0.002 kg/L
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Appendix B
Method 311
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METHOD 311 - ANALYSIS OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT COMPOUNDS
IN PAINTS AND COATINGS BY DIRECT INJECTION INTO A
GAS CHROMATOGRAPH
1.	Scope and Application
1.1	Applicability. This method is applicable for determination of most compounds
designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as volatile hazardous air pollutants
(HAPs) (See Reference 1) that are contained in paints and coatings. Styrene, ethyl acrylate,
and methyl methacrylate can be measured by ASTM D 4827-93 or ASTM D 4747-87.
Formaldehyde can be measured by ASTM PS 9-94 or ASTM D 1979-91. Toluene
diisocyanate can be measured in urethane prepolymers by ASTM D 3432-89. Method 311
applies only to those volatile HAPs which are added to the coating when it is manufactured,
not to those which may form as the coating cures (reaction products or cure volatiles). A
separate or modified test procedure must be used to measure these reaction products or cure
volatiles in order to determine the total volatile HAP emissions from a coating. Cure
volatiles are a significant component of the total HAP content of some coatings. The term
"coating" used in this method shall be understood to mean paints and coatings.
1.2	Principle. The method uses the principle of gas chromatographic separation and
quantification using a detector that responds to concentration differences. Because there are
many potential analytical systems or sets of operating conditions that may represent useable
methods for determining the concentrations of the compounds cited in Section 1.1 in the
applicable matrices, all systems that employ this principle, but differ only in details of
equipment and operation, may be used as alternative methods, provided that the prescribed
quality control, calibration, and method performance requirements are met. Certified
product data sheets (CPDS) may also include information relevant to the analysis of the
coating sample including, but not limited to, separation column, oven temperature, carrier
gas, injection port temperature, extraction solvent, and internal standard.
2.	Summary of Method
Whole coating is added to dimethylformamide, and a suitable internal standard
compound is added. An aliquot of the sample mixture is injected onto a chromatographic
column containing a stationary phase that separates the analytes from each other and from
other volatile compounds contained in the sample. The concentrations of the analytes are
determined by comparing the detector responses for the sample to the responses obtained
using known concentrations of the analytes.
3.	Definitions [Reserved]
4.	Interferences.
4.1 Coating samples of unknown composition may contain the compound used as the
internal standard. Whether or not this is the case may be determined by following the
procedures of Section 11 and deleting the addition of the internal standard specified in
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Section 11.5.3. If necessary, a different internal standard may be used.
4.2	The GC column and operating conditions developed for one coating formulation
may not ensure adequate resolution of target analytes for other coating formulations. Some
formulations may contain nontarget analytes that coelute with target analytes. If there is any
doubt about the identification or resolution of any gas chromatograph (GC) peak, it may be
necessary to analyze the sample using a different GC column or different GC operating
conditions.
4.3	Cross-contamination may occur whenever high-level and low-level samples are
analyzed sequentially. The order of sample analyses specified in Section 11.7 is designed to
minimize this problem.
4.4	Cross-contamination may also occur if the devices used to transfer coating during
the sample preparation process or for injecting the sample into the GC are not adequately
cleaned between uses. All such devices should be cleaned with acetone or other suitable
solvent and checked for plugs or cracks before and after each use.
5.	Safety
5.1	Many solvents used in coatings are hazardous. Precautions should be taken to avoid
unnecessary inhalation and skin or eye contact. This method may involve hazardous
materials, operations, and equipment. This test method does not purport to address all of the
safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations in regards to the performance of this test method.
5.2	Dimethylformamide is harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. The user
should obtain relevant health and safety information from the manufacturer.
Dimethylformamide should be used only with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin,
eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with plenty of water
for at least 15 minutes. If eyes are affected, consult a physician. Remove and wash
contaminated clothing before reuse.
5.3	User's manuals for the gas chromatograph and other related equipment should be
consulted for specific precautions to be taken related to their use.
6.	Equipment and Supplies
NOTE: Certified product data sheets (CPDS) may also include information relevant to
the analysis of the coating sample including, but not limited to, separation column, oven
temperature, carrier gas, injection port temperature, extraction solvent, and internal standard.
6.1 Sample Collection.
6.1.1 Sampling Containers. Dual-seal sampling containers, four to eight fluid ounce
capacity, should be used to collect the samples. Glass sample bottles or plastic containers
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with volatile organic compound (VOC) impermeable walls must be used for corrosive
substances (e.g., etch primers and certain coating catalysts such as methyl ethyl ketone
(MEK) peroxide). Sample containers, caps, and inner seal liners must be inert to the
compounds in the sample and must be selected on a case-by-case basis.
6.1.1.1 Other routine sampling supplies needed include waterproof marking
pens, tubing, scrappers/spatulas, clean rags, paper towels, cooler/ice, long handle tongs, and
mixing/stirring paddles.
6.1.2	Personal safety equipment needed includes eye protection, respiratory
protection, a hard hat, gloves, steel toe shoes, etc.
6.1.3	Shipping supplies needed include shipping boxes, packing material, shipping
labels, strapping tape, etc.
6.1.4	Data recording forms and labels needed include coating data sheets and
sample can labels.
NOTE: The actual requirements will depend upon the conditions existing at the
source sampled.
6.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies.
6.2.1	Gas Chromatograph (GC). Any instrument equipped with a flame ionization
detector and capable of being temperature programmed may be used. Optionally, other types
of detectors (e.g., a mass spectrometer), and any necessary interfaces, may be used provided
that the detector system yields an appropriate and reproducible response to the analytes in
the injected sample. Autosampler injection may be used, if available.
6.2.2	Recorder. If available, an electronic data station or integrator may be used to
record the gas chromatogram and associated data. If a strip chart recorder is used, it must
meet the following criteria: A 1 to 10 millivolt (mV) linear response with a full scale
response time of 2 seconds or less and a maximum noise level of ±0.03 percent of full scale.
Other types of recorders may be used as appropriate to the specific detector installed
provided that the recorder has a full scale response time of 2 seconds or less and a maximum
noise level of ±0.03 percent of full scale.
6.2.3	Column. The column must be constructed of materials that do not react with
components of the sample (e.g., fused silica, stainless steel, glass). The column should be of
appropriate physical dimensions (e.g., length, internal diameter) and contain sufficient
suitable stationary phase to allow separation of the analytes. DB-5, DB-Wax, and FFAP
columns are commonly used for paint analysis; however, it is the responsibility of each
analyst to select appropriate columns and stationary phases.
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6.2.4	Tube and Tube Fittings. Supplies to connect the GC and gas cylinders.
6.2.5	Pressure Regulators. Devices used to regulate the pressure between gas
cylinders and the GC.
6.2.6	Flow Meter. A device used to determine the carrier gas flow rate through the
GC. Either a digital flow meter or a soap film bubble meter may be used to measure gas
flow rates.
6.2.7	Septa. Seals on the GC injection port through which liquid or gas samples can
be injected using a syringe.
6.2.8	Liquid Charging Devices. Devices used to inject samples into the GC such as
clean and graduated 1, 5, and 10 microliter (|iL) capacity syringes.
6.2.9	Vials. Containers that can be sealed with a septum in which samples may be
prepared or stored. The recommended size is 25 mL capacity. Mininert® valves have been
found satisfactory and are available from Pierce Chemical Company, Rockford, Illinois.
6.2.10	Balance. Device used to determine the weights of standards and samples. An
analytical balance capable of accurately weighing to 0.0001 g is required.
7. Reagents and Standards
7.1	Purity of Reagents. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless
otherwise specified, all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are
available. Other grades may be used provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
sufficient purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of determination.
7.2	Carrier Gas. Helium carrier gas shall have a purity of 99.995 percent or higher.
High purity nitrogen may also be used. Other carrier gases that are appropriate for the
column system and analyte may also be used. Ultra-high purity grade hydrogen gas and
zero-grade air shall be used for the flame ionization detector.
7.3	Dimethylformamide (DMF). Solvent for all standards and samples. Some other
suitable solvent may be used if DMF is not compatible with the sample or coelutes with a
target analyte.
NOTE: DMF may coelute with ethylbenzene or /^-xylene under the conditions
described in the note under Section 6.2.3.
7.4	Internal Standard Materials. The internal standard material is used in the
quantitation of the analytes for this method. It shall be gas chromatography
spectrophotometric quality or, if this grade is not available, the highest quality available.
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Obtain the assay for the internal standard material and maintain at that purity during use.
The recommended internal standard material is 1-propanol; however, selection of an
appropriate internal standard material for the particular coating and GC conditions used is
the responsibility of each analyst.
7.5	Reference Standard Materials. The reference standard materials are the chemicals
cited in Section 1.1 which are of known identity and purity and which are used to assist in
the identification and quantification of the analytes of this method. They shall be the highest
quality available. Obtain the assays for the reference standard materials and maintain at
those purities during use.
7.6	Stock Reference Standards. Stock reference standards are dilutions of the reference
standard materials that may be used on a daily basis to prepare calibration standards,
calibration check standards, and quality control check standards. Stock reference standards
may be prepared from the reference standard materials or purchased as certified solutions.
7.6.1	Stock reference standards should be prepared in dimethylformamide for each
analyte expected in the coating samples to be analyzed. The concentrations of analytes in the
stock reference standards are not specified but must be adequate to prepare the calibration
standards required in the method. A stock reference standard may contain more than one
analyte provided all analytes are chemically compatible and no analytes coelute. The actual
concentrations prepared must be known to within 0.1 percent (e.g., 0.1000 ± 0.0001 g/g
solution). The following procedure is suggested. Place about 35 mL of dimethylformamide
into a tared ground-glass stoppered 50 mL volumetric flask. Weigh the flask to the nearest
0.1 mg. Add 12.5 g of the reference standard material and reweigh the flask. Dilute to
volume with dimethylformamide and reweigh. Stopper the flask and mix the contents by
inverting the flask several times. Calculate the concentration in grams per gram of solution
from the net gain in weights, correcting for the assayed purity of the reference standard
material.
NOTE: Although a glass-stoppered volumetric flask is convenient, any suitable
glass container may be used because stock reference standards are prepared by weight.
7.6.2	Transfer the stock reference standard solution into one or more Teflon-sealed
screw-cap bottles. Store, with minimal headspace, at -10 °C to 0 °C and protect from light.
7.6.3	Prepare fresh stock reference standards every six months, or sooner if analysis
results from daily calibration check standards indicate a problem. Fresh stock reference
standards for very volatile HAPs may have to be prepared more frequently.
7.7	Calibration Standards. Calibration standards are used to determine the response of
the detector to known amounts of reference material. Calibration standards must be
prepared at a minimum of three concentration levels from the stock reference standards
(see Section 7.6). Prepare the calibration standards in dimethylformamide (see Section
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7.3). The lowest concentration standard should contain a concentration of analyte
equivalent either to a concentration of no more than 0.01% of the analyte in a coating or
to a concentration that is lower than the actual concentration of the analyte in the
coating, whichever concentration is higher. The highest concentration standard should
contain a concentration of analyte equivalent to slightly more than the highest
concentration expected for the analyte in a coating. The remaining calibration standard
should contain a concentration of analyte roughly at the midpoint of the range defined by
the lowest and highest concentration calibration standards. The concentration range of
the standards should thus correspond to the expected range of analyte concentrations in
the prepared coating samples (see Section 11.5). Each calibration standard should
contain each analyte for detection by this method expected in the actual coating samples
(e.g., some or all of the compounds listed in Section 1.1 may be included). Each
calibration standard should also contain an appropriate amount of internal standard
material (response for the internal standard material is within 25 to 75 percent of full
scale on the attenuation setting for the particular reference standard concentration level).
Calibration Standards should be stored for 1 week only in sealed vials with minimal
headspace. If the stock reference standards were prepared as specified in Section 7.6, the
calibration standards may be prepared by either weighing each addition of the stock
reference standard or by adding known volumes of the stock reference standard and
calculating the mass of the standard reference material added. Alternative 1 (Section
7.7.1) specifies the procedure to be followed when the stock reference standard is added
by volume. Alternative 2 (Section 7.7.2) specifies the procedure to be followed when the
stock reference standard is added by weight.
NOTE: To assist with determining the appropriate amount of internal standard to
add, as required here and in other sections of this method, the analyst may find it
advantageous to prepare a curve showing the area response versus the amount of internal
standard injected into the GC.
7.7.1	Preparation Alternative 1. Determine the amount of each stock reference
standard and dimethylformamide solvent needed to prepare approximately 25 mL of the
specific calibration concentration level desired. To a tared 25 mL vial that can be sealed
with a crimp-on or Mininert valve, add the total amount of dimethylformamide calculated to
be needed. As quickly as practical, add the calculated amount of each stock reference
standard using new pipets (or pipet tips) for each stock reference standard. Reweigh the vial
and seal it. Using the known weights of the standard reference materials per mL in the stock
reference standards, the volumes added, and the total weight of all reagents added to the
vial, calculate the weight percent of each standard reference material in the calibration
standard prepared. Repeat this process for each calibration standard to be prepared.
7.7.2	Preparation Alternative 2. Determine the amount of each stock reference
standard and dimethylformamide solvent needed to prepare approximately 25 mL of the
specific calibration concentration level desired. To a tared 25 mL vial that can be sealed
with a crimp-on or Mininert valve, add the total amount of dimethylformamide calculated to
45

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be needed. As quickly as practical, add the calculated amount of a stock reference standard
using a new pipet (or pipet tip) and reweigh the vial. Repeat this process for each stock
reference standard to be added. Seal the vial after obtaining the final weight. Using the
known weight percents of the standard reference materials in the stock reference standards,
the weights of the stock reference standards added, and the total weight of all reagents added
to the vial, calculate the weight percent of each standard reference material in the calibration
standard prepared. Repeat this process for each calibration standard to be prepared.
8. Sample Collection. Preservation. Transport, and Storage
8.1	Copies of material safety data sheets (MSDSs) for each sample should be obtained
prior to sampling. The MSDSs contain information on the ingredients, and physical and
chemical properties data. The MSDSs also contain recommendations for proper handling or
required safety precautions. Certified product data sheets (CPDS) may also include
information relevant to the analysis of the coating sample including, but not limited to,
separation column, oven temperature, carrier gas, injection port temperature, extraction
solvent, and internal standard.
8.2	A copy of the blender's worksheet can be requested to obtain data on the exact
coating being sampled. A blank coating data sheet form (see Section 18) may also be used.
The manufacturer's formulation information from the product data sheet should also be
obtained.
8.3	Prior to sample collection, thoroughly mix the coating to ensure that a
representative, homogeneous sample is obtained. It is preferred that this be accomplished
using a coating can shaker or similar device; however, when necessary, this may be
accomplished using mechanical agitation or circulation systems.
8.3.1	Water-thinned coatings tend to incorporate or entrain air bubbles if stirred too
vigorously; mix these types of coatings slowly and only as long as necessary to homogenize.
8.3.2	Each component of multicomponent coatings that harden when mixed must be
sampled separately. The component mix ratios must be obtained at the facility at the time of
sampling and submitted to the analytical laboratory.
8.4	Sample Collection. Samples must be collected in a manner that prevents or
minimizes loss of volatile components and that does not contaminate the coating reservoir.
A suggested procedure is as follows. Select a sample collection container which has a
capacity at least 25 percent greater than the container in which the sample is to be
transported. Make sure both sample containers are clean and dry. Using clean, long-handled
tongs, turn the sample collection container upside down and lower it into the coating
reservoir. The mouth of the sample collection container should be at approximately the
midpoint of the reservoir (do not take the sample from the top surface). Turn the sample
collection container over and slowly bring it to the top of the coating reservoir. Rapidly pour
the collected coating into the sample container, filling it completely. It is important to fill the
sample container completely to avoid any loss of volatiles due to volatilization into the
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headspace. Return any unused coating to the reservoir or dispose as appropriate.
NOTE: If a company requests a set of samples for its own analysis, a separate set of
samples, using new sample containers, should be taken at the same time.
8.5 Once the sample is collected, place the sample container on a firm surface and insert
the inner seal in the container by placing the seal inside the rim of the container, inverting a
screw cap, and pressing down on the screw cap which will evenly force the inner seal into
the container for a tight fit. Using clean towels or rags, remove all residual coating material
from the outside of the sample container after inserting the inner seal. Screw the cap onto
the container.
8.5.1	Affix a sample label (see Section 18) clearly identifying the sample, date
collected, and person collecting the sample.
8.5.2	Prepare the sample for transportation to the laboratory. The sample should be
maintained at the coating's recommended storage temperature specified on the Material
Safety Data Sheet, or, if no temperature is specified, the sample should be maintained within
the range of 5 °C to 38 °C.
8.9 The shipping container should adhere to U.S. Department of Transportation
specification DOT 12 B. Coating samples are considered hazardous materials; appropriate
shipping procedures should be followed.
9. Quality Control
9.1	Laboratories using this method should operate a formal quality control program.
The minimum requirements of the program should consist of an initial demonstration of
laboratory capability and an ongoing analysis of blanks and quality control samples to
evaluate and document quality data. The laboratory must maintain records to document the
quality of the data generated. When results indicate atypical method performance, a quality
control check standard (see Section 9.4) must be analyzed to confirm that the measurements
were performed in an in-control mode of operation.
9.2	Before processing any samples, the analyst must demonstrate, through analysis of a
reagent blank, that there are no interferences from the analytical system, glassware, and
reagents that would bias the sample analysis results. Each time a set of analytical samples is
processed or there is a change in reagents, a reagent blank should be processed as a
safeguard against chronic laboratory contamination. The blank samples should be carried
through all stages of the sample preparation and measurement steps.
9.3	Required instrument quality control parameters are found in the following sections:
9.3.1 Baseline stability must be demonstrated to be <5 percent of full scale using the
procedures given in Section 10.1.
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9.3.2	The GC calibration is not valid unless the retention time (RT) for each analyte
at each concentration is within ±0.05 min of the retention time measured for that analyte in
the stock standard.
9.3.3	The retention time (RT) of any sample analyte must be within ±0.05 min of the
average RT of the analyte in the calibration standards for the analyte to be considered
tentatively identified.
9.3.4	The GC system must be calibrated as specified in Section 10.2.
9.3.5	A one-point daily calibration check must be performed as specified in Section
10.3.
9.4 To establish the ability to generate results having acceptable accuracy and precision,
the analyst must perform the following operations.
9.4.1	Prepare a quality control check standard (QCCS) containing each analyte
expected in the coating samples at a concentration expected to result in a response between
25 percent and 75 percent of the limits of the calibration curve when the sample is prepared
as described in Section 11.5. The QCCS may be prepared from reference standard materials
or purchased as certified solutions. If prepared in the laboratory, the QCCS must be
prepared independently from the calibration standards.
9.4.2	Analyze three aliquots of the QCCS according to the method beginning in
Section 11.5.3 and calculate the weight percent of each analyte using Equation 1, Section
12.
9.4.3	Calculate the mean weight percent (X) for each analyte from the three results
obtained in Section 9.4.2.
9.4.4	Calculate the percent accuracy for each analyte using the known
concentrations (T;) in the QCCS using Equation 3, Section 12.
9.4.5	Calculate the percent relative standard deviation (percent RSD) for each
analyte using Equation 7, Section 12, substituting the appropriate values for the relative
response factors (RRFs) in said equation.
9.4.6 If the percent accuracy (Section 9.4.4) for all analytes is within the range 90
percent to 110 percent and the percent RSD (Section 9.4.5) for all analytes is <20 percent,
system performance is acceptable and sample analysis may begin. If these criteria are not
met for any analyte, then system performance is not acceptable for that analyte, and the test
must be repeated for those analytes only. Repeated failures indicate a general problem with
the measurement system that must be located and corrected. In this case, the entire test,
beginning at Section 9.4.1, must be repeated after the problem is corrected.
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9.5	Great care must be exercised to maintain the integrity of all standards. It is
recommended that all standards be stored at -10 °C to 0 °C in screw-cap amber glass bottles
with Teflon liners.
9.6	Unless otherwise specified, all weights are to be recorded within 0.1 mg.
10. Calibration and Standardization.
10.1	Column Baseline Drift. Before each calibration and series of determinations and
before the daily calibration check, condition the column using procedures developed by the
laboratory or as specified by the column supplier. Operate the GC at initial (i.e., before
sample injection) conditions on the lowest attenuation to be used during sample analysis.
Adjust the recorder pen to zero on the chart and obtain a baseline for at least one minute.
Initiate the GC operating cycle that would be used for sample analysis. On the recorder
chart, mark the pen position at the end of the simulated sample analysis cycle. Baseline drift
is defined as the absolute difference in the pen positions at the beginning and end of the
cycle in the direction perpendicular to the chart movement. Calculate the percent baseline
drift by dividing the baseline drift by the chart width representing full-scale deflection and
multiply the result by 100.
10.2	Calibration of GC. Bring all stock standards and calibration standards to room
temperature while establishing the GC at the determined operating conditions.
10.2.1 Retention Times (RT's) for Individual Compounds.
NOTE: The procedures of this subsection are required only for the initial
calibration. However, it is good laboratory practice to follow these procedures for some or
all analytes before each calibration. The procedures were written for chromatogram output
to a strip chart recorder. More modern instruments (e.g., integrators and electronic data
stations) determine and print out or display retention times automatically.
The RT for each analyte should be determined before calibration. This provides a positive
identification for each peak observed from the calibration standards. Inject an appropriate
volume (see NOTE in Section 11.5.2) of one of the stock reference standards into the gas
chromatograph and record on the chart the pen position at the time of the injection (see
Section 7.6.1). Dilute an aliquot of the stock reference standard as required in
dimethylformamide to achieve a concentration that will result in an on-scale response.
Operate the gas chromatograph according to the determined procedures. Select the peak(s)
that correspond to the analyte(s) [and internal standard, if used] and measure the retention
time(s). If a chart recorder is used, measure the distance(s) on the chart from the injection
point to the peak maxima. These distances, divided by the chart speed, are defined as the
RTs of the analytes in question. Repeat this process for each of the stock reference standard
solutions.
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NOTE: If gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detection (GC-MS) is
used, a stock reference standard may contain a group of analytes, provided all analytes are
adequately separated during the analysis. Mass spectral library matching can be used to
identify the analyte associated with each peak in the gas chromatogram. The retention time
for the analyte then becomes the retention time of its peak in the chromatogram.
10.2.2 Calibration. The GC must be calibrated using a minimum of three
concentration levels of each potential analyte. (See Section 7.7 for instructions on
preparation of the calibration standards.) Beginning with the lowest concentration level
calibration standard, carry out the analysis procedure as described beginning in Section 11.7.
Repeat the procedure for each progressively higher concentration level until all calibration
standards have been analyzed.
10.2.2.1	Calculate the RTs for the internal standard and for each analyte in the
calibration standards at each concentration level as described in Section 10.2.1. The RTs for
the internal standard must not vary by more than 0.10 minutes. Identify each analyte by
comparison of the RTs for peak maxima to the RTs determined in Section 10.2.1.
10.2.2.2	Compare the retention times (RTs) for each potential analyte in the
calibration standards for each concentration level to the retention times determined in
Section 10.2.1. The calibration is not valid unless all RTs for all analytes meet the criteria
given in Section 9.3.2.
10.2.2.3	Tabulate the area responses and the concentrations for the internal
standard and each analyte in the calibration standards. Calculate the response factor for the
internal standard (RFis) and the response factor for each compound relative to the internal
standard (RRF) for each concentration level using Equations 5 and 6, Section 12.
10.2.2.4	Using the RRFs from the calibration, calculate the percent relative
standard deviation (percent RSD) for each analyte in the calibration standard using Equation
7, Section 12. The percent RSD for each individual calibration analyte must be less than 15
percent. This criterion must be met in order for the calibration to be valid. If the criterion is
met, the mean RRFs determined above are to be used until the next calibration.
10.3 Daily Calibration Checks. The calibration curve (Section 10.2.2) must be checked
and verified at least once each day that samples are analyzed. This is accomplished by
analyzing a calibration standard that is at a concentration near the midpoint of the working
range and performing the checks in Sections 10.3.1, 10.3.2, and 10.3.3.
10.3.1 For each analyte in the calibration standard, calculate the percent difference
in the RRF from the last calibration using Equation 8, Section 12. If the percent difference
for each calibration analyte is less than 10 percent, the last calibration curve is assumed to
be valid. If the percent difference for any analyte is greater than 5 percent, the analyst
should consider this a warning limit. If the percent difference for any one calibration analyte
50

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exceeds 10 percent, corrective action must be taken. If no source of the problem can be
determined after corrective action has been taken, a new three-point (minimum) calibration
must be generated. This criterion must be met before quantitative analysis begins.
10.3.2	If the RFis for the internal standard changes by more than ±20 percent from
the last daily calibration check, the system must be inspected for malfunctions and
corrections made as appropriate.
10.3.3	The retention times for the internal standard and all calibration check
analytes must be evaluated. If the retention time for the internal standard or for any
calibration check analyte changes by more than 0.10 min from the last calibration, the
system must be inspected for malfunctions and corrections made as required.
11. Procedure
11.1	All samples and standards must be allowed to warm to room temperature before
analysis. Observe the given order of ingredient addition to minimize loss of volatiles.
11.2	Bring the GC system to the determined operating conditions and condition the
column as described in Section 10.1. NOTE: The temperature of the injection port may be
an especially critical parameter. Information about the proper temperature may be found on
the CPDS.
11.3	Perform the daily calibration checks as described in Section 10.3. Samples are not
to be analyzed until the criteria in Section 10.3 are met.
11.4	Place the as-received coating sample on a paint shaker, or similar device, and
shake the sample for a minimum of 5 minutes to achieve homogenization.
11.5	NOTE: The steps in this section must be performed rapidly and without
interruption to avoid loss of volatile organics. These steps must be performed in a laboratory
hood free from solvent vapors. All weights must be recorded to the nearest 0.1 mg.
11.5.1	Add 16 g of dimethylformamide to each of two tared vials (A and B) capable
of being septum sealed.
11.5.2	To each vial add a weight of coating that will result in the response for the
major constituent being in the upper half of the linear range of the calibration curve. NOTE:
The magnitude of the response obviously depends on the amount of sample injected into the
GC as specified in Section 11.8. This volume must be the same as used for preparation of
the calibration curve, otherwise shifts in compound retention times may occur. If a sample is
prepared that results in a response outside the limits of the calibration curve, new samples
must be prepared; changing the volume injected to bring the response within the calibration
curve limits is not permitted.
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11.5.3	Add a weight of internal standard to each vial (A and B) that will result in the
response for the internal standard being between 25 percent and 75 percent of the linear
range of the calibration curve.
11.5.4	Seal the vials with crimp-on or Mininert septum seals.
11.6	Shake the vials containing the prepared coating samples for 60 seconds. Allow the
vials to stand undisturbed for ten minutes. If solids have not settled out on the bottom after
10 minutes, then centrifuge at 1,000 rpm for 5 minutes. The analyst also has the option of
injecting the sample without allowing the solids to settle.
11.7	Analyses should be conducted in the following order: daily calibration check
sample, method blank, up to 10 injections from sample vials (i.e., one injection each from up
to five pairs of vials, which corresponds to analysis of 5 coating samples).
11.8	Inject the prescribed volume of supernatant from the calibration check sample, the
method blank, and the sample vials onto the chromatographic column and record the
chromatograms while operating the system under the specified operating conditions. NOTE:
The analyst has the option of injecting the unseparated sample.
12. Data Analysis and Calculations
12.1 Qualitative Analysis. An analyte (e.g., those cited in Section 1.1) is considered
tentatively identified if two criteria are satisfied: (1) elution of the sample analyte within
±0.05 min of the average GC retention time of the same analyte in the calibration standard;
and (2) either (a) confirmation of the identity of the compound by spectral matching on a gas
chromatograph equipped with a mass selective detector or (b) elution of the sample analyte
within ±0.05 min of the average GC retention time of the same analyte in the calibration
standard analyzed on a dissimilar GC column.
12.1.1 The RT of the sample analyte must meet the criteria specified in Section
9.3.3.
12.1.2 When doubt exists as to the identification of a peak or the resolution of two
or more components possibly comprising one peak, additional confirmatory techniques
(listed in Section 12.1) must be used.
12.2 Quantitative Analysis. When an analyte has been identified, the quantification of
that compound will be based on the internal standard technique.
12.2.1 A single analysis consists of one injection from each of two sample vials (A
and B) prepared using the same coating. Calculate the concentration of each identified
analyte in the sample as follows:
HAP v = 100 x	t	Eq. (1)
(aJrrf^)
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where:
HAP wt% = weight percent of the analyte in coating.
Ax = Area response of the analyte in the sample.
Wjs = Weight of internal standard added to sample, g.
Ais = Area response of the internal standard in the sample.
RRFX = Mean relative response factor for the analyte in the calibration standards.
Wx = Weight of coating added to the sample solution, g.
12.2.2 Report results for duplicate analysis (sample vials A and B) without
correction.
12.3	Precision Data. Calculate the percent difference between the measured
concentrations of each analyte in vials A and B as follows.
12.3.1	Calculate the weight percent of the analyte in each of the two sample vials as
described in Section 12.2.1.
12.3.2	Calculate the percent difference for each analyte as:
%Dif, = lOOx	Eq.(2)
2
where A, and B, are the measured concentrations of the analyte in vials A and B.
12.4	Calculate the percent accuracy for analytes in the QCCS (See Section 9.4) as
follows:
% Accuracy x = 100 x —-	Eq. (3)
^X
where Xx is the mean measured value and Tx is the known true value of the analyte in the
QCCS.
12.5	Obtain retention times (RTs) from data station or integrator or, for chromatograms
from a chart recorder, calculate the RTs for analytes in the calibration standards (See
Section 10.2.2.2) as follows:
Distance from injection to peak maximum	Eq. (4)
Recorder chart speed
12.6 Calculate the response factor for the internal standard (See Section 10.2.2.3) as
follows:
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A
c..
^	Eq. (5)
where:
Ais = Area response of the internal standard.
Cis = Weight percent of the internal standard.
12.7 Calculate the relative response factors for analytes in the calibration standards (See
Section 10.2.2.3) as follows:
A
RRF„ =
RF-C„	Eq- (6)
is x
where:
RRFX = Relative response factor for an individual analyte.
Ax = Area response of the analyte being measured.
Cx = Weight percent of the analyte being measured.
12.8 Calculate the percent relative standard deviation of the relative response factors for
analytes in the calibration standards (See Section 10.2.2.4) as follows:
i
t (RRF, - rrfJ
i=1
%RSD = 100 x			Eq. (7)
RRF„
where:
n = Number of calibration concentration levels used for an analyte.
RRFX = Individual RRF for an analyte.
RRFx = Mean of all RRF's for an analyte.
12.9 Calculate the percent difference in the relative response factors between the
calibration curve and the daily calibration checks (See Section 10.3) as follows:
% Difference = 100X
RRF
where:
RRFv-RRF\
1	Eq. (8)
RRFX = mean relative response factor from last calibration.
RRFC = relative response factor from calibration check standard.
13. Measurement of Reaction Byproducts That are HAP. [Reserved!
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14. Method Performance. [Reserved!
15.	Pollution Prevention. TReserved!
16.	Waste Management
16.1	The coating samples and laboratory standards and reagents may contain
compounds which require management as hazardous waste. It is the laboratory's
responsibility to ensure all wastes are managed in accordance with all applicable laws and
regulations.
16.2	To avoid excessive laboratory waste, obtain only enough sample for laboratory
analysis.
16.3	It is recommended that discarded waste coating solids, used rags, used paper
towels, and other nonglass or nonsharp waste materials be placed in a plastic bag before
disposal. A separate container, designated "For Sharp Objects Only," is recommended for
collection of discarded glassware and other sharp-edge items used in the laboratory. It is
recommended that unused or excess samples and reagents be placed in a solvent-resistant
plastic or metal container with a lid or cover designed for flammable liquids. This container
should not be stored in the area where analytical work is performed. It is recommended that
a record be kept of all compounds placed in the container for identification of the contents
upon disposal.
17.	References
1.	Clean Air Act Amendments, Public Law 101-549, Titles I-XI, November, 1990.
2.	Standard Test Method for Water Content of Water-Reducible Paints by Direct Injection
into a Gas Chromatograph. ASTM Designation D3792-79
3.	Standard Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigment Coatings. ASTM
Designation D3 925-81.
4.	Standard Test Method for Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph. ASTM Designation
D4457-85.
5.	Standard Test Method for Determining the Unreacted Monomer Content of Latexes
Using Capillary Column Gas Chromatography. ASTM Designation D4827 93.
6.	Standard Test Method for Determining Unreacted Monomer Content of Latexes Using
Gas-Liquid Chromatography. ASTM Designation D 4747 87.
7.	Method 301 - "Field Validation of Pollutant Measurement Methods from Various Waste
Media," 40 CFR 63, Appendix A.
55

-------
8. "Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications," American Chemical
Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the
American Chemical Society, see "Reagent Chemicals and Standards" by Joseph Rosin, D.
Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY and the "United States Pharmacopeia."
18. Tables. Diagrams. Flowcharts, and Validation Data
Agency:	Inspector:	
Sample ID# :	Date/Time:	
Source ID :	
Coating Name/Type :	
Plant Witness :	
Type Analysis Required:	
Special Handling :	
Sample Container Label
56

-------
COATING DATA
Date:	 Source:
Data
Sampling ID No.
Sampling ID No.
Coating:


Supplier


Name and Color of Coating


Type of Coating (primer, clearcoat, etc.)


Identification Number for Coating


Coating Density (lbs/gal)


Total Volatiles Content (wt percent)


Water Content (wt percent)


VOC Content (wt percent)


Solids Content (wt percent)


Diluent Properties:


Name


Identification Number


Diluent Solvent Density (lbs/gal)


VOC Content (wt percent)


Water Content (wt percent)


Exempt Solvent Content (wt percent)


Diluent/Solvent Ratio (gal diluent solvent/gal coating)



-------
STOCK REFERENCE STANDARD
Name of Reference Material:	
Supplier Name:	
Lot Number:	
Purity:	
Name of Solvent Material: Demethvlformamide
Supplier Name:	
Lot Number:	
Purity:	
Date Prepared:	Prepared By:
Notebook/page No.:	
Preparation Information
,g
>g
,g
>g
,g
,g
,g
,g
, mL
, g/mL
Laboratory ID No. for this Standard:		
Expiration Date for this Standard:		
1.	Weight Empty Flask:
2.	Weight Plus DMF:
3.	Weight Plus Reference Material:
4.	Weight After Made to Volume:
5.	Weight DMF (lines 2-1+3 -4):
6.	Weight Ref. Material (lines 3-2):
7.	Corrected Weight of Reference
Material (line 6 times purity):
8.	Fraction Reference Material in
Standard Soln. (line 7 ^ line 5):
9.	Total Volume of Standard Solution:
10.	Weight Reference Material per mL
of Solution (line 7 ^ line 9):
58

-------
CALIBRATION STANDARD
Date Prepared:		Prepared By:	
Date Expires :		Notebook/page:
Calibration Standard Identification No.:	
Preparation Information
Final Weight Flask Plus Reagents: 	, g
Weight Empty flask		, g
Total Weight Of Reagents		, g
VO
Analyte namea
Stock reference
standard ID No.
Amount of stock reference standard added
(by volume or by weight)
Calculated weight
analyte added, g
Weight percent
analyte in calibration
standardb
Volume added,
mL
Amount in
standard, g/mL
Weight added, g
Amount in
standard, g/g soln
















































































a Include internal standard(s).
b Weight percent = Weight analyte added include internal standard(s).

-------
QUALITY CONTROL CHECK STANDARD
Date Prepared:		Prepared By:	
Date Expires :		Notebook/page:
Quality Control Check Standard Identification No.:	
Preparation Information
Final Weight Flask Plus Reagents: 	, g
Weight Empty flask		, g
Total Weight Of Reagents		, g
Analyte name1
Stock reference
standard ID No.
Amount of stock reference standard added
(by volume or by weight)
Calculated
weight analyte
added, g
Weight percent
analyte in QCC
standardb
Volume
added, mL
Amount in
standard, g/mL
Weight added, g
Amount in
standard, g/g
soln
















































































a Include internal standard(s).
b Weight percent = Weight analyte added include internal standard(s).

-------
QUALITY CONTROL CHECK STANDARD ANALYSIS
Date QCCS analyzed:	 Analyst:	
QCCS Identification No.:	 QCC Expiration Date:	
Analysis Results
Analyte
Weight percent determined
Mean Wt
percent
Percent
accuracy
Percent RSD
Meets criteria in
Section 9.4.6
Run 1
Run 2
Run3
Percent
accuracy
Percent
RSD




































































































-------
CALIBRATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPH
Calibration Date:	 Calibrated By:	
PART 1. Retention Times for Individual Analytes
Analyte
Stock standard ID No.
Recorder chart speed
Distance from injection point to peak
maximum
Retention time,
minutes3
Inches/min
cm/min
Inches
Centimeters































































a Retention time = distance to peak maxima chart speed

-------
CALIBRATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPH
Calibration Data:	 Calibrated By:	
PART 2. Analysis of Calibration Standards
Analyte Calib. STD ID No.
	 Calib. STD ID No.
Calib. STD ID No.
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
Internal Standard
Name:
Cone, in STD
Area Response
RT
63

-------
CALIBRATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPH
Calibration Date:	 Calibrated By:	
PART 3. Data Analysis for Calibration Standards
Analyte
Calib. STD ID
Calib. STD ID
Calib. STD ID
Mean
percent RSD of RF
Is RT within
±0.05 min of
RT for stock?
(Y/N)
Is percent RSD
<30%
(Y/N)
Name:
RT
RF







Name:
RT
RF







Name:
RT
RF







Name:
RT
RF







Name:
RT
RF







Name:
RT
RF








-------
DAILY CALIBRATION CHECK
Date:	 Analyst:	
Calibration Check Standard ID No.:	
Expiration Date:	
Analyte Retention Time (RT)	Response Factor (RF)
Last This Difference3	Last This Differenceb
a Retention time (RT) change (difference) must be less than ±0.10 minutes.
b Response factor (RF) change (difference) must be less than 20 percent for each analyte and for the internal
standard.
65

-------
Sample Analysis
Vial A ID No.:	
Vial B ID No.:	
Analyzed By:		Date:
Sample preparation information	Vial A
(g) Vial B
(g)
Measured:
wt empty vial
wt plus DMF
wt plus sample
wt plus internal standard
Calculated:
wt DMF
wt sample
wt internal standard
Analysis Results: Duplicate Samples
Analyte Area response RF	Wt percent in sample
Vial A Vial B	Vial A Vial B Average
Internal Standard
66

-------
Appendix C
Method 311 Results
67

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: Detection Limit Study
Based on 0.05 g sample size
Substance	%
Detection Limit
acetone
0.50
ethyl acetate
0.50
methanol
0.19
isopropyl acetate
0.08
MEK
0.16
dichloromethane
0.50
isopropanol
0.13
ethanol
0.22
2-pentanone
0.50
MIBK
0.06
toluene
0.10
n-butyl acetate
0.11
ethyl benzene
0.12
p-xylene
0.05
m-xylene
0.07
MIAK
0.14
butyl propionate
0.09
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.50
o-xylene
0.09
2-heptanone
0.50
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.50
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.09
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.08
2-butoxyethanol
0.71
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.50
dibutyl phthalate
0.37
68

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW CC637
surrogate recovery = 98.02
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
0.12
J

NA
ethyl acetate
0.00


NA
methanol
0.00


NA
isopropyl acetate
0.00


NA
MEK
15.59


NA
dichloromethane
0.00


NA
isopropanol
0.00


NA
ethanol
0.00


NA
2-pentanone
0.00


NA
MIBK
12.01


NA
toluene
0.00


NA
n-butyl acetate
4.37


NA
ethyl benzene
0.00


NA
p-xylene
0.06
J
0.2
NA
m-xylene
0.13
J

NA
MIAK
0.00


NA
butyl propionate
0.00


NA
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


NA
o-xylene
0.00


NA
2-heptanone
14.86


NA
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


NA
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


NA
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


NA
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


NA
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


NA
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


NA
Estimated TICs
2-ethylhexyl methacrylate	NA
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration
and was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
69

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW SSH520
Ultra One Stage System
surrogate recovery = 117.79
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes

acetone
0.00


ethyl acetate
0.00


methanol
0.00


isopropyl acetate
0.00


MEK
0.00


dichloromethane
0.00


isopropanol
0.00


ethanol
0.00


2-pentanone
0.00


MIBK
0.00


toluene
0.00


n-butyl acetate
8.20

8.0
ethyl benzene
12.95

7.0
p-xylene
10.65
39.3
40.0
m-xylene
23.03


MIAK
0.00


butyl propionate
0.00


p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


o-xylene
5.63


2-heptanone
0.00


l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


2-butoxyethanol
0.00


2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


dibutyl phthalate
0.00


" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration
and was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
70

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW BCS605
surrogate recovery = 103.91
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
0.00



ethyl acetate
0.19
J


methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
0.00



dichloromethane
0.00



isopropanol
0.00



ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
0.00



toluene
0.30
J


n-butyl acetate
31.42


39.0
ethyl benzene
12.34


9.0
p-xylene
12.42

46.7
49.0
m-xylene
26.57



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.00



p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
7.75



2-heptanone
0.00



l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00



1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
0.00



a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration
and was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
71

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 1440S
surrogate recovery = 108.25
Substance
% by weight Qualifier®
GC/MS
acetone
0.10
ethyl acetate
0.09
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.43
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.33
n-butyl acetate
0.10
ethyl benzene
5.25
p-xylene
5.52
m-xylene
11.77
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
3.59
2-heptanone
5.25
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
5.80
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
20.9
1 to 3
19 to 21
Not Specified
Not Specified
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
72

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 817L
surrogate recovery = 99.27
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
6.81

Not Found
ethyl acetate
0.80 J

Not Found
methanol
0.00

Not Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00

Not Found
MEK
5.34

Not Found
dichloromethane
0.00

Not Found
isopropanol
8.69

Not Found
ethanol
0.00

Not Found
2-pentanone
0.00

Not Found
MIBK
0.00

Not Found
toluene
20.04

Not Found
n-butyl acetate
2.20

Not Found
ethyl benzene
2.72

Not Found
p-xylene
3.01
11.1
Not Found
m-xylene
6.31

Not Found
MIAK
0.00

Not Found
butyl propionate
0.00

Not Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

Not Found
o-xylene
1.77

Not Found
2-heptanone
1.17 J

Not Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
1.50

Not Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

Not Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

Not Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

Not Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

Not Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Not Found
Estimated TICs



dimethyl ester butanedioic acid
0.64

Not Found
butanoic acid
0.31

Not Found
dimethyl ester pentaedioic acid
2.08

Not Found
dimethyl ester hexanedioic acid
0.75

Not Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
73

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW U7F2030
surrogate recovery = 111.43
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes


acetone
0.05
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.24
J

Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
2.24


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.00


Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.88
J

Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
22.76
E

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
6.49


Not
Found
p-xylene
5.92

22.4
Not
Found
m-xylene
12.52


Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
3.93


Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.71
J

Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
74

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 99K
surrogate recovery = 88.47
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
9.95

ethyl acetate
1.12
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
1.01
J 12.0
dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
1.02
J
ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.00

toluene
21.06
31.0
n-butyl acetate
19.62

ethyl benzene
3.76
Oto 1
p-xylene
3.96
15.1 8 to 9
m-xylene
8.54

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
2.56

2-heptanone
0.04
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
75

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-84479
surrogate recovery = 103.51
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.11
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
0.00


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.00


Not
Found
isopropanol
2.24


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
6.89


Not
Found
toluene
0.00


Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
25.95
E

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
3.45


Not
Found
p-xylene
3.69

15.6
Not
Found
m-xylene
8.40


Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
3.52


Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
1.29
J

Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.13
J

Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.45
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.02
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
1.64
J

Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
Estimated TICs





1-butanol
0.60


Not
Found
2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol
0.35


Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
76

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-DC92
surrogate recovery = 92.41
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
7.10
1 to 10
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.85
J
dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.00

toluene
1.09
J
n-butyl acetate
1.22
J
ethyl benzene
0.53
J
p-xylene
0.63
J 2.4
m-xylene
1.30
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.42
J
2-heptanone
28.01
E 30 to 40
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.62
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2.32
1 to 5
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Estimated TICs


1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.48

1 -ethyl-3 -methylbenzene
1.53

1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.47

2-methyl-2-propenoic acid
1.34

1 -methyl-2-butenoate
0.81

benzyl butyl phthalate
NR
1 to 5
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
77

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-DP20
Likely low spike/sample probably OK
surrogate recovery = 70.89
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
3.63
1 to 5
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.00

toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
8.76
1 to 10
ethyl benzene
1.82
1 to 3
p-xylene
1.96
8.3 5 to 15
m-xylene
4.53

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
1.82

2-heptanone
0.19
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
5.80
1 to 10
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.28
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.90
J
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.92
J
dibutyl phthalate
0.20
J
Estimated TIC


1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.48

a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration am
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
78

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel 071333


surrogate recovery = 113.87



Substance
% by weight Qualifier®
aggregate
MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes

acetone
18.22

10 to 20
ethyl acetate
0.00


methanol
0.00


isopropyl acetate
0.00


MEK
12.34

11.3
dichloromethane
0.00


isopropanol
0.00


ethanol
0.00


2-pentanone
0.00


MIBK
4.23

3.5
toluene
0.12 J

0.1
n-butyl acetate
10.64

3.0
ethyl benzene
3.94

2.7
p-xylene
3.69
13.9
11.4
m-xylene
7.68


MIAK
0.00


butyl propionate
0.00


p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
2.68

1 to 5
o-xylene
2.55


2-heptanone
0.00


l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


2-butoxyethanol
0.00


2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Estimated TICs
2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid	0.37
2-methyl-2-propenoic acid	1.23
2-methyl-2-hydroxypropenoic acid	0.66
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
79

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel 074295
surrogate recovery = 111.58
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes

acetone
0.18
J

ethyl acetate
0.00


methanol
0.00


isopropyl acetate
0.00


MEK
0.00


dichloromethane
0.00


isopropanol
0.00


ethanol
0.00


2-pentanone
0.00


MIBK
0.00


toluene
0.00


n-butyl acetate
33.78
E
20 to 40
ethyl benzene
0.00


p-xylene
0.00
0.1

m-xylene
0.00


MIAK
0.00


butyl propionate
0.00


p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


o-xylene
0.08
J

2-heptanone
3.09

1 to 5
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
34.09

20 to 30
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.53
J

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
1.80

1.6
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


2-butoxyethyl acetate
6.13

5.0
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Estimated TICs



propylbenzene
0.34


1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.47


1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
1.14


1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.39


propylene glycol methyl ether
NA

10 to 20
diacetone alcohol
NA

5 to 10
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
80

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 13IS
surrogate recovery = 113.6
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.10
ethyl acetate
10.24
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.11
MEK
0.72
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
7.97
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
19.72
n-butyl acetate
0.24
ethyl benzene
2.91
p-xylene
3.40
m-xylene
7.23
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
2.16
2-heptanone
0.06
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.19
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
12.8
15.0
1 to 3
8 to 10
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
81

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW WU6590
surrogate recovery = 114.59
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.08
ethyl acetate
20.56
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.03
MIBK
0.00
toluene
20.62
n-butyl acetate
21.23
ethyl benzene
4.18
p-xylene
4.86
m-xylene
10.86
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
2.52
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
11.29
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
13.37
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
18.2
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
82

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW US2
surrogate recovery = 114.1
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone	34.89
ethyl acetate	0.00
methanol	0.00
isopropyl acetate	0.00
MEK	0.00 40.0
dichloromethane	0.00
isopropanol	0.00
ethanol	0.00
2-pentanone	25.65 24.0
MIBK	1.17 J 1.0
toluene	0.00
n-butyl acetate	23.72 20.0
ethyl benzene	0.00
p-xylene	0.00 0.0
m-xylene	0.00
MIAK	0.00
butyl propionate	0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride	0.00
0-xylene	0.00
2-heptanone	7.50 5.0
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate	0.00
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	0.00
2-butoxyethanol	0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate	0.00
dibutyl phthalate	0.00
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
83

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW US5
surrogate recovery = 114.17
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
0.49
J
ethyl acetate
0.03
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.04
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
11.63
9.0
MIBK
0.6
J
toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
23.57
20.0
ethyl benzene
0.00

p-xylene
0.00
0.0
m-xylene
0.00

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.00

2-heptanone
28.23
25.0
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
22.82
20.0
dibutyl phthalate
0.00

" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
84

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW US5 DUPLICATE
surrogate recovery = 113.78
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.49
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
11.43
MIBK
0.64
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
22.73
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
26.42
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
22.82
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
aggregate MSDS
xylenes
85

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW R7K981
surrogate recovery = 113.78
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.23
J
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.57
J
MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
49.62
E
ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
38.72

toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
0.00

ethyl benzene
1.11
J
p-xylene
1.08
J
m-xylene
2.17
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.60

2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
5.26

2-butoxyethyl acetate
1.72

dibutyl phthalate
0.06
J
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
45.0
41.0
3.9
4.0
5.0
2.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
86

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW R7K981 DUPLICATE
surrogate recovery = 113.78
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.20
J
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.43
J
MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
42.98
E
ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
35.05
E
toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
0.00

ethyl benzene
0.90
J
p-xylene
0.87
J
m-xylene
2.00
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.51

2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
4.42

2-butoxyethyl acetate
1.50

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
45.0
41.0
3.4
4.0
5.0
2.0
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
87

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 7160S
surrogate recovery = 106.3
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.70

ethyl acetate
0.13

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
18.79

dichloromethane
0.12
J
isopropanol
11.05

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.09

MIBK
0.00

toluene
13.81

n-butyl acetate
12.35

ethyl benzene
1.32
J
p-xylene
1.46
J
m-xylene
3.10
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.08
J
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.04
J
o-xylene
1.41
J
2-heptanone
3.80

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.13
J
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Estimated TICs


2-methylhexane
4.33

3-methylhexane
5.88

heptane
7.80

c-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane
4.39

1,2,4-trimethy Icy clopentane
0.91

methylcyclohexane
6.60

a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit;
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
18.0
6.0
1 to 4
0 to 2
4 to 6
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
88

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 193S
surrogate recovery = 102.98
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
14.99
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
7.87
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
5.27
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
4.0
0.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
89

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 3440S
surrogate recovery = 101.03
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.17
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
1.16
J

Not
Found
methanol
0.14


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
3.36


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.03
J

Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
5.83


Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
5.21


Not
Found
ethyl benzene
0.21
J

Not
Found
p-xylene
0.23
J
0.9
Not
Found
m-xylene
0.49
J

Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
0.19
J

Not
Found
2-heptanone
26.62


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.09
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
3.05


Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
Estimated TICs
dimethyl ester butanedioic acid	1.76
dimethyl ester pentanedioic acid	3.17
dimethyl ester hexanedioic acid	1.08
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
90

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont L006H2M
surrogate recovery = 109.02
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.03
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.30
J

Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
9.64


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.02
J

Not
Found
isopropanol
1.89


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.00


Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
4.45


Not
Found
ethyl benzene
0.12
J

Not
Found
p-xylene
0.13
J
0.5
Not
Found
m-xylene
0.26
J

Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
0.07
J

Not
Found
2-heptanone
8.22


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
9.16


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
91

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 817A Centuri
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
0.00

Not Found
ethyl acetate
0.00

Not Found
methanol
0.00

Not Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00

Not Found
MEK
3.68

Not Found
dichloromethane
0.02
J
Not Found
isopropanol
0.00

Not Found
ethanol
0.00

Not Found
2-pentanone
0.00

Not Found
MIBK
0.00

Not Found
toluene
12.06

Not Found
n-butyl acetate
3.34

Not Found
ethyl benzene
4.42

Not Found
p-xylene
5.18
20.0
Not Found
m-xylene
11.10

Not Found
MIAK
0.00

Not Found
butyl propionate
0.00

Not Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

Not Found
o-xylene
3.68

Not Found
2-heptanone
0.00

Not Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

Not Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

Not Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.21
J
Not Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

Not Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

Not Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Not Found
Estimated TICs



octane
0.41


c-1,3 -dimethylcyclohexane
1.17


t-1,3 -dimethylcyclohexane
0.52


2,6-dimethylheptane
1.97


ethylcyclohexane
1.83


1,2,4-trimethy Icy clohexane
0.32


limonene
0.37


a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
92

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW R7K212
surrogate recovery = 93.10
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
ethyl acetate
methanol
isopropyl acetate
MEK
dichloromethane
isopropanol
ethanol
2-pentanone
MIBK
toluene
n-butyl acetate
ethyl benzene
p-xylene
m-xylene
MIAK
butyl propionate
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0-xylene
2-heptanone
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2-butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethyl acetate
dibutyl phthalate
Estimated TICs
2-methylhexane
3-methylhexane
heptane
t-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane
1,2,4-trimethy Icy clopentane
methylcyclohexane
o-ethyl toluene
o-ethyl toluene
1,2,3,4-tetramethy lbenzene
15.54
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
34.04
0.12
1.41
1.44
3.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.96
0.11
0.00
0.52
2.21
0.00
4.45
0.00
1.16
1.93
4.98
5.20
1.52
10.29
1.26
0.47
0.62
15.0
5.6
41.0
1.0
6.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
93

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW WB2030 REPEAT
surrogate recovery = 115.13
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes


acetone
0.25


Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.57
J

Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
0.10


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.00


Not
Found
isopropanol
0.09


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.95
J

Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
21.85
E

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
3.71


Not
Found
p-xylene
4.41

18.9
Not
Found
m-xylene
10.28


Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
4.22


Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.05
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
1.06
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.64
J

Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
94

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 380S
surrogate recovery = 108.0
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
20.02


Not Specified
ethyl acetate
0.00



methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
6.90


6.0
dichloromethane
0.02



isopropanol
1.81


Not Specified
ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
0.00



toluene
0.00


19.0
n-butyl acetate
18.97



ethyl benzene
0.25
J

Oto 1
p-xylene
0.78
J
3.0
2 to 3
m-xylene
1.69
J


MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.00



p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
0.57
J


2-heptanone
0.01
J


l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
16.57


Not Specified
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
0.00



Estimated TICs
butanoic acid	0.24
dimethyl ester pentanedioic acid	0.73
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-DH46
surrogate recovery = 105.6
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.03
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.02
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
0.10
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
28.10
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
aggregate MSDS
xylenes
96

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW R7K982
surrogate recovery = 114.8
Substance
% by weight Qualifier® aggregate
GC/MS	xylenes
MSDS
acetone	6.93
ethyl acetate	0.00
methanol	0.00
isopropyl acetate	0.00
MEK	16.48
dichloromethane	0.05
isopropanol	0.00
ethanol	0.00
2-pentanone	0.00
MIBK	2.85
toluene	0.00
n-butyl acetate	0.00
ethyl benzene	0.00
p-xylene	0.10
m-xylene	0.20
MIAK	0.00
butyl propionate	0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride	0.00
0-xylene	0.00
2-heptanone	0.00
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate	0.00
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	0.00
2-butoxyethanol	9.26
2-butoxyethyl acetate	0.00
dibutyl phthalate	0.00
Estimated TICs
n-octane	1.00
c,t-l,2-dimethylcyclohexane	0.89
2-methyloctane	3.87
butylcyclooctane	3.43
ethylcyclohexane	3.17
1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane	0.73
2-methylpropyl ester acetic acid	2.45
isobutyl alcohol	37.06
5.0
15.0
0.3
5.0
47.0
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
97

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-UR50
surrogate recovery = 111.40
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00

ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.03
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.00

toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
55.39
E
ethyl benzene
0.00

p-xylene
0.00

m-xylene
0.00

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.23
J
2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
15.16

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.86
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2.75
J
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
3.75

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
55 to 65
0.2
10 to 20
1 to 3
1 to 5
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
98

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 3661S
surrogate recovery = 108.95
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate	MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone	25.86 Not Specified
ethyl acetate	0.00
methanol	0.00
isopropyl acetate	0.00
MEK	0.00
dichloromethane	0.03 J
isopropanol	19.61 Not Specified
ethanol	0.00
2-pentanone	0.00
MIBK	0.00
toluene	15.88 0to2
n-butyl acetate	0.00
ethyl benzene	0.37 J
p-xylene	0.40 J 1.5	0 to 1
m-xylene	0.82 J
MIAK	0.00
butyl propionate	0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride	0.00
0-xylene	0.30	J
2-heptanone	0.00
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate	6.55 Not Specified
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	0.00 Otol
2-butoxyethanol	0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate	0.00
dibutyl phthalate	0.00
Estimated TICs
n-butyl alcohol	NR 6
naphthalene	NR Oto 1
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
99

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel 075624
surrogate recovery = 106.8
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate
GC/MS	xylenes
MSDS
acetone
ethyl acetate
methanol
isopropyl acetate
MEK
dichloromethane
isopropanol
ethanol
2-pentanone
MIBK
toluene
n-butyl acetate
ethyl benzene
p-xylene
m-xylene
MIAK
butyl propionate
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0-xylene
2-heptanone
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2-butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethyl acetate
dibutyl phthalate
Estimated TICs
1-butanol
1 -methylethylbenzene
propylbenzene
4-ethyltoluene
1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
2-methylphenol
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.95
2.60
5.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.59
0.00
0.00
3.01
9.91
0.00
0.00
0.00
25.95
0.30
1.94
2.56
8.34
2.81
0.46
J
11.8
1.1
13.0
].9
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
100

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW E6H59
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.05
J
ethyl acetate
0.03
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.18
J
dichloromethane
0.01
J
isopropanol
0.04

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.02
J
toluene
4.25

n-butyl acetate
12.86
E
ethyl benzene
2.31

p-xylene
2.03

m-xylene
4.46

MIAK
0.0

butyl propionate
0.1

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.0

o-xylene
1.37

2-heptanone
0.02

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.17
J
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.03
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.09
J
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
7.9
6.0
16.0
1.0
8.0
Estimated TIC
1-butanol
0.18
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
101

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 7175S
surrogate recovery = 102.04
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
9.97


Not Specified
ethyl acetate
0.54
J


methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
0.00



dichloromethane
0.03
J


isopropanol
10.62


Not Specified
ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
5.77


6.0
toluene
2.15
J

0 to 3
n-butyl acetate
3.66



ethyl benzene
1.74
J

0 to 2
p-xylene
1.90
J
8.3
6 to 8
m-xylene
4.28



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
28.89


Not Specified
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
2.08
J


2-heptanone
10.42


Not Specified
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00



1,3,5 -trimethylbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethylbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
0.00



Estimated TICs




2-methylhexane
1.63



3-methylhexane
2.48



heptane
3.10



c-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane
1.38



methylcyclohexane
2.67



octane
0.42



1,2-dimethylcyclohexane
0.65



4,6,8-trimethyl-l-nonene
1.66



1,1,3 -trimethylcyclohexane
2.25



1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane
0.51



" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
102

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont V7575S
surrogate recovery = 93.8
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.05
J
ethyl acetate
0.04
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.02
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.06
J
toluene
0.00

n-butyl acetate
18.28

ethyl benzene
2.26

p-xylene
2.61

m-xylene
5.34

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.11
J
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
1.28
J
2-heptanone
0.03
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
7.67

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
9.2
4.0
Not Specified
2 to 7
20 to 24
Not Specified
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
103

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 7005S
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
0.00

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
5.55

Not
Found
methanol
0.00

Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00

Not
Found
MEK
0.00

Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.02 J

Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00

Not
Found
ethanol
0.00

Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00

Not
Found
MIBK
0.00

Not
Found
toluene
0.00

Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
18.37

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
0.00

Not
Found
p-xylene
0.00
0.0
Not
Found
m-xylene
0.00

Not
Found
MIAK
0.00

Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00

Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.04 J

Not
Found
o-xylene
0.00

Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00

Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.38 J

Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.90

Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Not
Found
Estimated TICs




2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3 -pentanone
2.04

Not
Found
1 -ethyl-3 -methylbenzene
4.48

Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
104

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW E6C61
surrogate recovery = 106.81
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
0.13
J


ethyl acetate
0.00



methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
7.98


7.0
dichloromethane
0.03
J


isopropanol
0.00



ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
0.00



toluene
20.47


24.0
n-butyl acetate
8.90


8.0
ethyl benzene
4.59


3.0
p-xylene
4.30

16.0
16.0
m-xylene
9.07



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.00



p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.11
J


o-xylene
2.61



2-heptanone
0.00



l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00



1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.79
J

2.0
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2.08
J

3.0
2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
1.09
J


dibutyl phthalate
0.00



Estimated TICs




2-methyl-1 -propanol
0.84



propylbenzene
0.42



1 -ethyl-4-methylbenzene
0.56



1 -ethyl-3 -methylbenzene
2.13



o-ethyl toluene
0.67



a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
105

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW ES20
surrogate recovery = 110.26
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
20.10

ethyl acetate
0.02
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.05
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.00

toluene
0.23
J
n-butyl acetate
0.33
J
ethyl benzene
0.00

p-xylene
0.00

m-xylene
0.00

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
80.11
E
o-xylene
0.00

2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
20.0
0.0
80.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
106

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW ESI5
surrogate recovery = 102.69
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
54.94
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.05
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
0.00
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
38.92
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
E
70.0
0.0
30.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
107

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 817G
surrogate recovery = 106.41
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
0.10
J

ethyl acetate
1.38

1 to 3
methanol
0.00


isopropyl acetate
0.00


MEK
0.61
J

dichloromethane
0.00


isopropanol
0.00


ethanol
0.00


2-pentanone
0.00


MIBK
0.00


toluene
0.14
J

n-butyl acetate
5.44

2 to 8
ethyl benzene
3.53

1.3 to 3.2
p-xylene
3.70
15.1
14 to 16
m-xylene
8.40


MIAK
0.00


butyl propionate
0.00


p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


o-xylene
2.97
J

2-heptanone
6.69

3 to 9
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
3.84

1 to 5
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.46
J

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
1.56
J
0 to 2
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


dibutyl phthalate
0..00


Estimated TIC



1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.38


a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
108

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation:	DuPont 817K
surrogate recovery = 103.93
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone	8.32 2tol4
ethyl acetate	1.02 J 1 to 3
methanol	0.00
isopropyl acetate	0.00
MEK	0.80 J
dichloromethane	0.00
isopropanol	0.86 J
ethanol	0.00
2-pentanone	0.00
MIBK	0.00
toluene	16.71 19.0
n-butyl acetate	15.78 Not Specified
ethyl benzene	4.14 1.3 to 3.3
p-xylene	4.65 16.9	13 to 15
m-xylene	9.51
MIAK	0.00
butyl propionate	0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride	0.00
0-xylene	2.73
2-heptanone	0.00
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate	0.00
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	0.00
2-butoxyethanol	0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate	0.00
dibutyl phthalate	0.00
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in	calibration range.
109

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: BASF RM-PH12
surrogate recovery = 99.25
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
22.98
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
18.59
n-butyl acetate
17.97
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.05
m-xylene
0.11
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
5.28
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
20 to 30
15 to 25
15 to 25
0.2
1 to 10
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
110

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: PPG K201
surrogate recovery = 109.17
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
10.85
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
8.57
n-butyl acetate
39.75
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.19
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
5 to 10
E
5 to 10
40 to 50
0.0
1 to 10
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
Ill

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: PPGDCX61
surrogate recovery = 106.62
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
0.00
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
16.08
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
0.0
10 to 20
Estimated TIC
1,3-butanediol
0.41
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
112

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel 075192
surrogate recovery = 111.82
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.03
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.14
n-butyl acetate
2.53
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.36
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
30.71
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
3.11
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
9.69
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
1 to 5
0.4
20 to 30
8.7
Estimated TICs
propylbenzene
1 -ethyl-4-methylbenzene
1 -ethyl-3 -methylbenzene
1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
2.0
2.2
8.5
2.9
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
113

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 7075S
surrogate recovery = 112.76
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.09
ethyl acetate
8.84
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
29.67
dichloromethane
0.04
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
53.37
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
3.65
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
2.07
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
30.0
E
Not Specified
0.0
Not Specified
Not Specified
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
114

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW P2A43
surrogate recovery = 110.71
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.03
J
ethyl acetate
0.03
J
methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.34
J
MEK
0.80
J
dichloromethane
0.02
J
isopropanol
3.91

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
4.93

toluene
26.32

n-butyl acetate
0.99
J
ethyl benzene
0.08
J
p-xylene
0.09
J
m-xylene
0.18
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.07
J
2-heptanone
0.09
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.04
J
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.86
J
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
4.0
3.0
30.0
0.3
Estimated TIC
isobutylacetate
1.74
3.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
115

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel lk basecoat
surrogate recovery = 118.85
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.47
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
0.00


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.02
J

Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.02
J

Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.00


Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
16.58


Not
Found
ethyl benzene
1.72
J

Not
Found
p-xylene
2.00

8.5
Not
Found
m-xylene
4.35


Not
Found
MIAK
1.48


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
2.10


Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.09
J

Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
Estimated TICs





1-butanol
2.67


Not
Found
butanoic acid
0.55


Not
Found
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
116

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: PPG DT870
surrogate recovery = 109.92
Substance	% by weight
GC/MS
Qualifier3
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
ethyl acetate
methanol
isopropyl acetate
MEK
dichloromethane
isopropanol
ethanol
2-pentanone
MIBK
toluene
n-butyl acetate
ethyl benzene
p-xylene
m-xylene
MIAK
butyl propionate
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0-xylene
2-heptanone
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene
2-butoxy	ethanol
2-butoxyethyl acetate
dibutyl phthalate
Estimated TICs
2-methylhexane
3-methylhexane
n-heptane
t-1,2-dimethy lcyclopentane
1,2,4-trimethy lcyclopentane
methylcyclohexane
octane
c-1,3 -dimethylcyclohexane
t-1,2-dimethy lcyclohexane
2,3 -dimethylheptane
3 -methyl-1 -hexene
ethylcyclohexane
1,2,4-trimethy lcyclohexane
(c,t)-l -ethyl-3 -methylcyclohexane
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
32.63
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.00
21.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
26.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.43
0.79
1.69
0.96
0.46
2.68
0.75
1.78
0.87
3.40
3.07
3.10
0.74
1.34
30 to 40
10 to 20
0.0
20 to 30
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and was
reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
117

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW US1
surrogate recovery = 112.40
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone	30.88 30.0
ethyl acetate	0.07 J
methanol	0.00
isopropyl acetate	0.00
MEK	32.38 30.0
dichloromethane	0.04 J
isopropanol	0.00
ethanol	0.00
2-pentanone	32.42 28.0
MIBK	1.46 J 2.0
toluene	0.00
n-butyl acetate	7.26 5.0
ethyl benzene	0.00
p-xylene	0.00 0.0
m-xylene	0.00
MIAK	0.00
butyl propionate	0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride	0.00
0-xylene	0.00
2-heptanone	0.00
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate	0.03 J
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.00
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	0.00
2-butoxyethanol	0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate	0.00
dibutyl phthalate	0.00
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
118

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont V7565S
Slight contamination likely due to small positive hits in all substances
surrogate recovery = 117.36
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
0.22
J
ethyl acetate
20.23

methanol
0.32
J
isopropyl acetate
0.24
J
MEK
8.86
8.0
dichloromethane
0.26
J
isopropanol
0.16
J
ethanol
0.17
J
2-pentanone
0.22
J
MIBK
0.19
J
toluene
14.27
13.0
n-butyl acetate
0.19
J
ethyl benzene
0.20
J
p-xylene
0.22
J 0.6
m-xylene
0.20
J
MIAK
0.15
J
butyl propionate
0.25
J
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.15
J
o-xylene
0.21
J
2-heptanone
0.19
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.21
J
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.20
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.20
J
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.23
J
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
119

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: PPGDCU2021
surrogate recovery = 116.5
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.38
J
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.04
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.06
J
MIBK
0.31
J
toluene
0.11
J
n-butyl acetate
0.19
J
ethyl benzene
9.24

p-xylene
8.40

m-xylene
17.01

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
4.31

2-heptanone
15.66

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
29.7
30 to 40
10 to 20
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
120

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW US3
surrogate recovery = 109.21
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.36
J
ethyl acetate
0.00

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
20.87

dichloromethane
0.03
J
isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
20.43

MIBK
0.92
J
toluene
0.37
J
n-butyl acetate
31.88
E
ethyl benzene
0.00

p-xylene
0.05
J
m-xylene
0.10
J
MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.15
J
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.00

2-heptanone
11.38

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
20.0
19.0
35.0
0.1
10.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
121

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW CCH690
surrogate recovery = 112.53
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.02
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.02
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
4.09
ethyl benzene
5.71
p-xylene
5.49
m-xylene
11.72
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
4.08
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.39
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
1.49
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
Estimated TICs

o-ethyltoluene
0.91
2-ethyltoluene
0.37
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
21.3
4.0
22.0
1.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
122

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DMF Blank
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.00
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
0.00
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
0.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
123

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont C2185
surrogate recovery = 93.97
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
0.08
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
0.00


Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.00


Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.30
J

Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
25.55
E

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
1.67


Not
Found
p-xylene
1.62

6.2
Not
Found
m-xylene
3.55


Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
1.03
J

Not
Found
2-heptanone
0.00


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
7.29


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.05
J

Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.17
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.05
J

Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.87
J

Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
Estimated TIC
1-butanol	4.00
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
124

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont N0000HNH
surrogate recovery = 100.28
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.04
J

Not
Found
ethyl acetate
6.66


Not
Found
methanol
0.00


Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00


Not
Found
MEK
0.86
J

Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.01
J

Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00


Not
Found
ethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00


Not
Found
MIBK
0.00


Not
Found
toluene
0.15
J

Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
5.86


Not
Found
ethyl benzene
0.27
J

Not
Found
p-xylene
0.31
J
1.2
Not
Found
m-xylene
0.66
J

Not
Found
MIAK
0.00


Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00


Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00


Not
Found
o-xylene
0.19
J

Not
Found
2-heptanone
5.94


Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
8.30


Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00


Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
4.18


Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00


Not
Found
Estimated TICs





1-butanol
0.29




2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol
0.60




butyl ester benzoic acid
1.10




a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
125

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 8022S
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance	% by weight
GC/MS
Qualifier3
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
ethyl acetate
methanol
isopropyl acetate
MEK
dichloromethane
isopropanol
ethanol
2-pentanone
MIBK
toluene
n-butyl acetate
ethyl benzene
p-xylene
m-xylene
MIAK
butyl propionate
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0-xylene
2-heptanone
1-methoxy-2-propanol	acetate
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene
2-butoxy	ethanol
2-butoxyethyl acetate
dibutyl phthalate
Estimated TICs
2-methylhexane
3-methylhexane
heptane
t-1,2-dimethy lcyclopentane
1,2,4-trimethy lcyclopentane
methylcyclohexane
octane
c-1,3 -dimethylcyclohexane
t-1,2-dimethy lcyclohexane
4,7-dimethylundecane
1,2,4-trimethy lcyclohexane
ethylcyclohexane
1,2,4-trimethy lcyclohexane
9.62
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.43
19.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.90
0.00
3.29
4.97
6.73
3.46
0.85
5.90
0.84
1.23
1.77
2.89
4.11
4.40
1.01
0.0
1 to 4
Not Specified
Oto 1
0 to 2
Oto 1
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and was
reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
126

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW P6A48



surrogate recovery = NS




Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
aggregate
MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
0.06
J


ethyl acetate
0.03
J


methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
0.09
J


dichloromethane
0.01
J


isopropanol
0.00



ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
2.80


3.0
toluene
15.01


26.0
n-butyl acetate
5.08



ethyl benzene
2.96


2.0
p-xylene
2.62

9.7
9.0
m-xylene
5.34



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.05
J


p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
1.79



2-heptanone
0.05
J


l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
1.36


1
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
0.00



" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
127

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW USS2030
surrogate recovery = 93.71
Substance % by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS
	GC/MS	xylenes	
acetone
0.07 J
Not
Found
ethyl acetate
0.00

Not
Found
methanol
0.00

Not
Found
isopropyl acetate
0.00

Not
Found
MEK
0.00

Not
Found
dichloromethane
0.00

Not
Found
isopropanol
0.00

Not
Found
ethanol
0.00

Not
Found
2-pentanone
0.00

Not
Found
MIBK
4.38

Not
Found
toluene
0.38 J
Not
Found
n-butyl acetate
2.57

Not
Found
ethyl benzene
5.93

Not
Found
p-xylene
5.15
19.6
Not
Found
m-xylene
11.28

Not
Found
MIAK
0.00

Not
Found
butyl propionate
0.00

Not
Found
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

Not
Found
o-xylene
3.17

Not
Found
2-heptanone
1.05 J
Not
Found
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

Not
Found
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

Not
Found
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.13 J
Not
Found
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

Not
Found
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.75 J
Not
Found
dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Not
Found
Estimated TICs




2-ethyl-1,3 -hexanediol
0.89



2-ethyl-1,3 -hexanediol
1.37



a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
128

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW UH80
surrogate recovery = 102.65
Substance
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.02
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
17.19
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate
	xylenes
MSDS
20.0
0.0
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
129

-------
Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW E2G980
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance % by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
acetone
0.25
J


ethyl acetate
0.02
J


methanol
0.24
J


isopropyl acetate
3.18


3.0
MEK
1.43



dichloromethane
0.01
J


isopropanol
23.46
E

27.0
ethanol
1.73


2.0
2-pentanone
0.01
J


MIBK
8.81


9.0
toluene
4.47


5.0
n-butyl acetate
0.24



ethyl benzene
1.11



p-xylene
0.91
J
3.6
4.0
m-xylene
2.05



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.00



p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
0.66
J


2-heptanone
0.00



l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00



1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
9.74


10.0
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
1.48


1.0
Estimated TIC
phenol
0.47
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
130

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: Akzo Nobel 072086
surrogate recovery = 104.79
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
12.69

ethyl acetate
0.06

methanol
0.00

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.11
J
dichloromethane
0.00

isopropanol
0.15
J
ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
0.26
J
toluene
0.31
J
n-butyl acetate
0.06
J
ethyl benzene
0.98
J
p-xylene
1.34
J
m-xylene
3.09

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
4.17

o-xylene
1.50

2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.12
J
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
1 to 5
5.9
0.2
0.7
6.7
10 to 20
Estimated TICs
1-butanol
hexyl acetate
hexyl acetate
hexyl acetate
hexyl acetate
3.95
0.31
0.25
0.51
0.44
2.7
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
131

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW V6V247
surrogate recovery = NS
Substance
GC/MS
acetone
0.00
ethyl acetate
0.00
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.01
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
0.00
n-butyl acetate
13.14
ethyl benzene
0.00
p-xylene
0.00
m-xylene
0.00
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
0.00
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate
	xylenes
MSDS
15.0
0.0
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
132

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 1125S
surrogate recovery = 99.25
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3
GC/MS
acetone
0.04
J
ethyl acetate
23.97
E
methanol
0.10

isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.05

isopropanol
0.00

ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.03
J
MIBK
0.00

toluene
0.09
J
n-butyl acetate
2.63

ethyl benzene
5.40

p-xylene
6.36

m-xylene
13.60

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.02
J
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
3.28

2-heptanone
0.03
J
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00

1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.25
J
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.77
J
2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.06
J
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
Not Specified
23.2
2 to 7
20 to 25
Not Specified
Oto 1
Estimated TIC
1 -ethyl-2-methylbenzene
0.60
" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
133

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW R7K248
surrogate recovery = 111.54
Substance
% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS
xylenes
acetone
20.03

ethyl acetate
0.04
J
methanol
3.17
3.0
isopropyl acetate
0.00

MEK
0.00

dichloromethane
0.03
J
isopropanol
7.99
7.0
ethanol
0.00

2-pentanone
0.00

MIBK
7.51
7.0
toluene
51.93
E 55.0
n-butyl acetate
0.00

ethyl benzene
0.00

p-xylene
0.00
0.0
m-xylene
0.00

MIAK
0.00

butyl propionate
0.00

p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00

o-xylene
0.00

2-heptanone
0.00

l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
2.15
2.0
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00

1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00

2-butoxyethanol
0.00

2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00

dibutyl phthalate
0.00

Estimated TICs


2-methylhexane
0.57

heptane
1.59

1-heptene
1.09

methylcyclohexane
2.99

" J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
134

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: DuPont 1135S
surrogate recovery = 111.31
Substance
GC/MS
acetone
0.13
ethyl acetate
9.66
methanol
0.00
isopropyl acetate
0.00
MEK
0.00
dichloromethane
0.01
isopropanol
0.00
ethanol
0.00
2-pentanone
0.00
MIBK
0.00
toluene
6.85
n-butyl acetate
3.77
ethyl benzene
1.52
p-xylene
1.68
m-xylene
3.68
MIAK
0.00
butyl propionate
0.00
p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00
o-xylene
1.90
2-heptanone
0.00
l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.03
1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.87
1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
2.87
2-butoxyethanol
0.00
2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00
dibutyl phthalate
0.00
% by weight Qualifier3
aggregate
xylenes
MSDS
7.3
18.0
2 to 5
16 to 20
2 to 10
Estimated TICs
1 -methylethylbenzene
n-propylbenzene
1 -ethyl-4-methylbenzene
1 -ethyl-4-methylbenzene
o-ethyltoluene
0.16
0.58
0.71
2.56
0.83
a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
135

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Coatings In-House Evaluation: SW BCS600V
surrogate recovery = 110.8
Substance	% by weight Qualifier3 aggregate MSDS

GC/MS

xylenes

acetone
0.02



ethyl acetate
23.92


23.0
methanol
0.00



isopropyl acetate
0.00



MEK
0.00



dichloromethane
0.00



isopropanol
0.00



ethanol
0.00



2-pentanone
0.00



MIBK
0.00



toluene
26.58


27.0
n-butyl acetate
0.76
J

3.0
ethyl benzene
6.89


5.0
p-xylene
7.27

29.4
26.0
m-xylene
16.20



MIAK
0.00



butyl propionate
0.00



p-chlorobenzotrifluoride
0.00



o-xylene
5.93



2-heptanone
0.00



l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate
0.00



1,3,5 -trimethy lbenzene
0.00



1,2,4-trimethy lbenzene
0.00



2-butoxyethanol
0.00



2-butoxyethyl acetate
0.00



dibutyl phthalate
0.00



a J = value between the detection limit and practical quantification limit; E = exceeded calibration and
was reanalyzed to substitute value in calibration range.
136

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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-600/R-03/127
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Emissions from Coatings Used in the Auto Refinishing
5. REPORT DATE
September 2004
Industry


6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHORS
P. Barfield, G. Ramsey, T. Corwin, C. Nunez
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
See Block 12

10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.



11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-C-99-201
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U. S. EPA, Office of Research and Development

13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final; 01/00-04/01
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/13
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
The EPA Project Officer is Geddes H. Ramsey, Mail Drop E343-02, Phone (919) 541-7963.
16. ABSTRACT
The report presents results of EPA Methods 24 and 311 analyses of the volatile organic compound (VOC)
content of selected auto refinishing coatings and their components that are sold by the five major auto
coating manufacturers. These analyses were undertaken to determine the accuracy of VOC content data
contained on the can label and in the material safety data sheets (MSDS) for these coatings. The results of
Method 24 analyses generally agree with the VOC contents listed on the labels and in the MSDS for all the
coatings and their components. Method 311 analyses were performed to quantify individual volatile paint
components, and these analyses also generally agree with the MSDS data. This means that auto body
shops can easily and reliably estimate their VOC emissions using that information. The information provided
by this document will be useful for anyone interested in estimating emissions from automobile refinishing
operations.
17.
KEYWORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS


a. DESCRIPTORS
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
Air Pollution Verifying
Automobile Bodies
Spray Painting
Emissions
Organic Compounds
Volatility
Labels
Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
13B 14B
13F
13H
07 D
07C
20M
13D
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT

19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
137
Release to Public

20. SECURITY CLASS (This Page)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (Rev. 4-77) PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE	forms/admin/techrpt.frm 7/8/99 pad
137

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