FINAL
BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BDAT)
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR
NEWLY LISTED REFINERY WASTES
F037 AND F038
Richard Kincb
Chief, Wastewater Treatment Branch
Jose Labiosa
Project Manager
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Solid Waste
2800 Crystal Drive
Arlington, Virginia 22202
June 30, 1992
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1 Regulatory Background 1-2
1.2 Contents of This Document 1-5
2.0 INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION . 2-1
2.1 Industry Affected And Process Description 2-1
2.2 Waste Characterization 2-6
2.3 Determination Of Waste Treatability Group 2-7
2.4 Pollution Prevention Measures 2-8
3.0 APPLICABLE/DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 3-1
3.1 Applicable Treatment Technologies 3-1
3.1.1 Nonwastewaters 3-1
3.1.2 Wastewaters 3-5
3.2 Demonstrated Treatment Technologies 3-10
3.2.1 Nonwastewaters 3-11
3.2.2 Wastewaters 3-11
4.0 PERFORMANCE DATABASE 4-1
4.1 Treatment Performance Database for Organics in
Nonwastewaters 4-1
4.2 Treatment Performance Database for Organics in
Wastewaters 4-3
4.3 Treatment Performance Database for Metals in
Nonwastewaters 4-8
4.4 Treatment Performance Database for Metals in
Wastewaters 4-9
4.5 Treatment Performance Database for Cyanide in
Nonwastewaters and Wastewaters 4-9
5.0 IDENTIFICATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED AND AVAILABLE
TECHNOLOGY . 5-1
5.1 Data Review 5-2
5.2 Accuracy Correction of Treatment Performance Data
for Nonwastewaters 5-2
5.2.1 Organic Constituents 5-3
5.2.2 Metal Constituents 5-5
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50272-101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION | 1. REPORT NO.
PAGE | EPA530-R-95-024
I
1 2.
1
1
1
4.
Title and Subtitle
BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BDAT)
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR NEWLY
| 5. Report Date
1 JUNE 30. 1992
LISTED REFINERY UASTES: F037 AND F038; FINAL
I 6-
I
7.
Author(s)
| 8. Performing Organization Rept. No
I
I
9.
Performing Organization Name and Address
| 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.
I
U.S. EPA
OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE
401 M STREET, SW
WASHINGTON. DC 20460
| 11. Contract(C) or Grant(G) No.
| (C)
| CG)
I
12.
Sponsoring Organization Name and Address
| 13. Type of Report & Period Covered
| TECHNICAL REPORT
1
1 H-
1
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words)
PROVIDES EPA'S RATIONALE AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR SELECTING THE CONSTITUENTS REGULATED FOR F037 AND F038 UASTES,
GENERATED BY THE PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY. DESCRIBES THE PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY. INCLUDES WASTE CHARACTERIZA-
TION DATA. PRESENTS APPLICABLE AND DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES. DISCUSSES SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS
AND CALCULATION OF TREATMENT STANDARDS. APPENDICES INCLUDE PLANT COOES, TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA CONSIDERED FROM THE
K048-K052 TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATABASE, NEWLY ACQUIRED TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA CONSIDERED IN DEVELOPMENT OF F037
AND F038 TREATMENT STANDARDS, NEULY ACQUIRED TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA REJECTED FROM CONSIDERATION IN DEVELOPMENT OF
F037 AND F038 TREATMENT STANDARDS, NONWASTEWATER ACCURACY CORRECTION DATA, WASTEWATER 0RGAN1CS CORRECTION DATA, WASTE-
WATER METALS CORRECTION DATA, STATISTICAL COMPARISON OF DATA SETS FOR NONUASTEWATER METAL CONSTITUENTS, AND DETERMINA-
TION OF VARIABILITY FACTORS FOR WASTEWATER ORGANICS.
17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors
b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms
c. COSAT1 Field/Group
18. Availability Statement
RELEASE UNLIMITED
| 19. Security Class (This Report)| 21. No. of Pages
I UNCLASSIFIED | 0
| 20. Security Class (This Page) | 22. Price
I UNCLASSIFIED I 0
(See ANSI-Z39.18)
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTIS-35)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
5.2.3 Inorganic Constituent 5-6
5.3 Accuracy Correction of Treatment Performance Data
For Wastewaters 5-7
5.3.1 Organic Constituents 5-7
5.3.2 Metal Constituents 5-7
5.3.3 Inorganic Constituent 5-8
5.4 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for
Organic Constituents in Nonwastewater Forms of F037
and F038 . 5-8
5.5 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for
Metal Constituents in Nonwastewater Forms of F037
and F038 5-9
5.6 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for
Organic Constituents in Wastewater Forms of F037
and F038 5-10
5.7 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for
Metal Constituents in Wastewater Forms of F037 and
F038 5-12
5.8 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for
Cyanide in Nonwastewater and Wastewater Forms of
F037 and F038 , 5-13
5.9 Best Demonstrated Available Treatment Technologies 5-14
6.0 SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS 6-1
7.0 CALCULATION OF TREATMENT STANDARDS 7-1
7.1 Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038 7-2
7.2 Calculation of Treatment Standards for Wastewater
Forms of F037 and F038 7-10
8.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8-1
9.0 REFERENCES 9-1
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APPENDICES
Appendix A:
Appendix B:
Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:
Appendix H:
Plant Codes
Treatment Performance Data Considered from the K048-K052
Treatment Performance Database
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Considered in
Development of F037 and F038 Treatment Standards
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Rejected from
Consideration in Development of F037 and F038 Treatment
Standards
Nonwastewater Accuracy Correction Data
Wastewater Organics Accuracy Correction Data
Wastewater Metals Accuracy Correction Data
Statistical Comparison of Data Sets for Nonwastewater Metal
Constituents
Appendix I:
Determination of Variability Factors for Wastewater Organics
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
2-1 Facilities Producing Petroleum Refining Wastes by-
State 2-11
2-2 Facilities Producing Petroleum Refining Wastes by EPA
Region 2-13
2-3 Waste Characterization Data for F037 and F038 2-14
2-4 Characterization Data for F037 and F038 from Unocal
Corporation 2-15
2-5 Comparison of Waste Characterization Data for F037
and K051 2-18
2-6 Comparison of Waste Characterization Data for F038
and K048 2-20
4-1 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Anthracene 4-11
4-2 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Benzene 4-13
4-3 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Benzo(a)anthracene 4-15
4-4 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Benzo(a)pyrene 4-17
4-5 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 4-19
4-6 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Chrysene 4-21
4-7 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Di-n-butyl phthalate 4-23
4-8 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Ethylbenzene 4-25
4-9 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Naphthalene 4-27
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Page
4-10 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Phenanthrene 4-29
4-11 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Phenol 4-31
4-12 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Pyrene 4-33
4-13 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Toluene 4-35
4-14 Nonwastewater Treatment Performance Data for Xylenes 4-37
4-15 Database Key for Wastewater Organics Data 4-39
4-16 Key to Treatment Technologies 4-40
4-17 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Acenaphthene 4-42
4-18 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Anthracene 4-43
4-19 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Benzene 4-44
• 4-20 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Benzo(a)anthracene 4-47
4-21 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Benzo(a)pyrene . 4-48
4-22 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate 4-49
4-23 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Chiysene 4-51
4-24 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for
Di-n-Butyl Phthalate 4-52
4-25 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Ethylbenzene 4-53
4-26 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Fluorene 4-56
4-27 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Naphthalene 4-57
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Page
4-28 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Phenanthrene 4-59
4-29 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Phenol 4-60
4-30 Industry-Submitted Leachate Treatment Performance Data
for Phenol 4-64
4-31 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Pyrene 4-65
4-32 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Toluene 4-66
4-33 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,2-Xylene 4-71
4-34 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,3-Xylene 4-71
4-35 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,4 Xylene 4-72
4-36 Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Xylene 4-72
4-37 Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of
K049 and K051 Mixture at Plant R - Stabilization of
Solvent Extraction Raffin?te 4-73
4-38 Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of
K048 and K051 Mixture at Plant U - Stabilization of
Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Ash 4-74
4-39 Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of
K048 - K052 Mixture at Plant X - Stabilization of Solvent
Extraction Raffinate 4-75
4-40 Design and Operating Parameters for Stabilization of Solvent
Extraction Raffinate at Plant X 4-76
4-41 Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for K048
and K051 Plant I - Stabilization of Incinerator Ash 4-77
4-42 Design and Operating Data Collected by EPA for K048 and
K051 Plant I - Stabilization of Incinerator Ash 4-78
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LIST OF TAELES (Continued)
Page
4-43 Treatment Performai.ce Data Collected by EPA for Cyanide
in K048 and K051 at Plant A - Fluidized-Bed Incineration 4-79
4-44 Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
Treatment of K048 at Plant A - Fluidized-Bed Incinerator
Combustion Gas Scrubber Water 4-80
4-45 Design and Operating Parameters for the Fluidized-Bed
Incinerator at Plant A 4-81
<
5-1 Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents in
K048 and K051 Mixture Residual Solids from Plant Q 5-15
• t
5-2 Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents in
K048 and K051 Mixture Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Ash from
Plant A 5-16
5-3 Corrected Concentration Data for Metal Constituents in
TCLP Extracts of Stabilized Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Ash
from Plant I 5-17
5-4 Corrected Total Concentration Data for Cyanide in
Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Ash from Plant A 5-18
5-5 Corrected Concentration Data for BDAT List Metal
Constituents in Wastewater (K062 and Metal-Bearing
Characteristic Wastes) 5-19
5-6 Corrected Concentration Data for Cyanide in K048
Incineration Combustion Gas Scrubber Water from Plant A 5-20
5-7 Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents in
Simulated K051 Residual Solids from Plant CC 5-21
6-1 Summary of Waste Characterization Data for F037 and
Process Wastewater Effluent 6-2
6-2 Summary.of Waste Characterization Data for F038 and
Process Wastewater Effluent 6-5
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Page
6-3 BDAT List Constituents Regulated in F037 and F038 6-8
7-1 Calculation of Nonwastewater Treatment Standards for
Organic Constituents in F037 7-12
7-2 Calculation of Nonwastewater Treatment Standards for
Organic Constituents in F038 7-13
7-3 Calculation of Nonwastewater Treatment Standards for
Metals in F037 and F038 7-14
7-4 Calculation of Nonwastewater Treatment Standards for
Cyanide in F037 and F038 7-15
7-5 Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Organic
Constituents in F037 and F038 7-16
7-6 Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Metals in
F037 and F038 7-17
7-7 Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Cyanide
- in F037-F038 7-18
A-l Plant Codes A-l
B-l Plant A Treatment Performance Data B-2
B-2 ~ Plant A Design and Operating Parameters B-4
B-3 Plant Q Treatment Performance Data B-5
B-4 Plant Q Design and Operating Parameters B-7
B-5 Plant R Treatment Performance Data B'-S
B-6 Plant T Treatment Performance Data B-9
C-l Plant BB Treatment Performance Data . . C-2
C-2 Plant CC Treatment Performance Data C-4
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Page
C-3 Plant CC Design and Operating Parameters C-5
C-4 Plant DD Treatment Performance Data C-6
D-l Plant AA Treatment Performance Data D-3
D-2 Plant EE Treatment Performance Data D-5
D-3 Plant FF Treatment Performance Data D-7
E-l Plant Q Detection Limits for Feed Samples E-2
E-2 Plant Q Detection Limits for Raffiriate Solids E-ll
E-3 Plant Q Matrix Spike Recovery for Feed Samples E-19
E-4 Plant Q Accuracy Correction Factors . . E-21
E-5 Plant A Matrix Spike Recovery Data E-22
E-6 Plant CC Matrix Spike Recovery Data E-25
E-7 Plant CC Accuracy Correction Factors E-27
E-8 Plant A Matrix Spike Recovery Data, TCLP Extract E-28
E-9 TCLP Metals Accuracy Correction Factors E-31
F-l Phenol Wastewater Matrix Spike Recovery Data F-3
G-l Metals in Wastewater Residuals Matrix Spike Recovery Data G-2
G-2 Wastewater Metals Accuracy Correction Factors G-3
H-l Nonwastewater Metal Statistical Comparison Summary H-4
H-2 Metals Data and Ranks H-5
H-3 ANOVA Comparisons of Analyte Treatment H-6
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Page
1-1 Volatile Variability Factor Calculation 1-3
1-2 Semivolatile Variability Factor Calculations 1-4
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LIST OF FIGURES
Page
2-1 Generalized Refinery Wastewater Treatment System 2-22
2-2 Generalized Refinery Wastewater Treatment System 2-23
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In accordance with the amendments to the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) enacted in the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
(HSWA) of November 8, 1984, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is
establishing best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) treatment standards for the
newly listed wastes identified in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations Section 261.31
(40 CFR 261.31) as F037 and F038. Compliance with these treatment standards is a
prerequisite for land disposal of restricted wastes, as defined in 40 CFR Part 268. In 40
CFR 268.44, the EPA supplies provisions that, if met, could grant a variance from the
applicable treatment standards. Also, 40 CFR 268.6 supplies provisions that, if met,
could grant waste-and site-specific waivers from the applicable treatment standards in
268.41-43.
This background document provides the Agency's rationale and technical
support for selecting the constituents regulated in F037 and F038 and for developing the
treatment standards. This document also provides all waste characterization information
available to the Agency.
Section 1.0 summarizes the regulatory background of F037 and F038 and
the contents of this document. The remainder of the document presents waste-specific
information: Section 2.0 discusses the processes generating the wastes and waste
characterization; Section 3.0 discusses the applicable and demonstrated treatment
technologies; Section 4.0 discusses the available treatment performance data; Section 5.0
discusses the identification of BDAT; Section 6.0 discusses the selection of regulated
constituents; and Section 7.0 discusses the calculation of treatment standards.
NfRJ/NW-049
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According to 40 CFR 261.31, F037 and F03S, which are generated by the
petroleum refining industry, are listed as follows:
F037 - Any sludge generated from the gravitational separation of
oil/water/solids during the storage or treatment of process
wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries.
Such sludges include, but are not limited to, those generated in:
oil/water/solids separators; tanks and impoundments; ditches and
other conveyances; sumps; and stormwater units receiving dry
weather flow. Sludge generated in stormwater units that do not
receive dry weather flow, sludges generated from non-contact once-
through cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process
or oily cooling waters, sludges generated in aggressive biological
treatment units as defined in 40 CFR 261.31(b)(2) (including sludges
generated in one or more additional units after wastewaters have
been treated in aggressive biological treatment units) and K051
wastes are not included in this listing.
F038 - Any sludge and/or float generated from the physical and/or
chemical separation of oil/water/solids in process wastewaters and
oily cooling wastewaters from wastewaters from petroleum
refineries. Such wastes include, but are hot limited to, all sludges
and floats generated in: induced air flotation (IAF) units, tanks,
and impoundments, and all sludges generated in DAF units.
Sludges generated in stormwater units that do not receive dry
weather flow, sludges generated from once-through non-contact
cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process or oily
cooling wastes, sludges and floats generated in aggressive biological
treatment units as defined in 40 CFR 261.31(b)(2) (including sludges
and floats generated in one or more additional units after
wastewaters have been treated in aggressive biological treatment
units) and F037, K048, and K051 are not included in this listing.
The four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code most often reported for the
industry generating these wastes is 2911. The Agency has estimated that there are
approximately 193 facilities that may generate wastes identified as F037 and F038.
In this case, the Agency believed that constituents present in K048-K052
and F037 and F038 could be treated to similar concentrations using the same
technologies, and determined that F037 and F038 belong to the same waste treatability
NRJ/N"W-049
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group as hazardous waste codes K048-K052. F037 and F038 are generated in waste
management units similar to those generating K051 and K048. respectively: these four
petroleum wastes result from the processing and refining of the same raw materials as
well as the treatment of similar wastewaters. Therefore, the Agency is transferring
treatment performance data from K048-K052 to F037 and F038. Specifically, EPA is
transferring available K048 and K051 treatment performance data from K051 to F037
and from K048 to F038.
The Agency is regulating four volatile organic, ten semivolatile organic, two
metal, and one inorganic constituents in nonwastewater forms of F037, and four volatile
organic, twelve semivolatile organic, two metal, and one inorganic constituents in
wastewater forms.of F037.1 The Agency is also regulating four organic, eight
semivolatile organic, two metal, and one inorganic constituents in nonwastewater forms
of F038, and four volatile organic, nine semivolatile organic, two metal, and one
inorganic constituents in wastewater forms of F038.
The BDAT treatment standards for organic constituents in nonwastewater
forms of F037 and F038 are based on performance data from incineration, solvent
extraction, and high temperature thermal distillation of K048-K052. The BDAT
treatment standards for metal constituents in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 are
based on performance data from stabilization of K048-K052 solvent extraction residuals.
The BDAT treatment standard for cyanide in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 is
based on performance data from incineration of K048 and K051.
The BDAT treatment standards for organic constituents in wastewater
forms of F037 and F038 are based on performance data from several sources, including
'Wastewaters are defined as wastes containing less than 1% (weight basis) total suspended solids2 (TSS) and
less than 1% (weight basis) total organic carbon (TOC). Wastes not meeting this definition are classified as
nonwastewaters and must comply with the nonwastewater treatment standard.
^Specifically, total suspended solids is measured by Method 209C (total suspended solids dried at 103-105°C)
in Standard Methods for the Fvamination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association.
American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation, Sixteenth Edition.
NRJ/NW-049
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the BDAT database, wet air oxidation/PACT® (WAO/PACT®) data, the Industrial
Technology Division (1 I'D) database, the National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination
System (NPDES) database, the Waste Engineering Research Laboratory (WERL)
database, industry-submitted leachate treatment performance data, data in literature that
were not already part of the WERL database, and data in literature submitted by
industry on the WAO and PACT® treatment processes. Details regarding the
development of the wastewater database combining the information from these sources
are presented in EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT)
Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate CFQ39'). Volume
A: Wastewater Forms of Organic U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039*)
For Which There are Concentration-Based Treatment Standards (1). The BDAT
treatment standards for metal constituents in wastewater forms of F037 and F038 are
based on a transfer of data from treatment of K062 and metal-bearing characteristic
wastewaters by chromium reduction, followed by lime and sulfide precipitation and
vacuum filtration. The BDAT treatment standard for cyanide in wastewater forms of
F037 and F038 is based on performance data from incineration of K048.
Tables 1 and 2 list the regulated constituents and their respective treatment
standards for F037 and F038. The nonwastewater organic and inorganic treatment
standards are expressed as the total concentration of each regulated constituent.
Similarly, all of the wastewater treatment standards are expressed as the total
concentration of each regulated constituent. The units for the total constituent
concentration values are measured in mg/kg (parts per million on a weight-by-weight
basis) for nonwastewaters and in mg/L (parts per million on a weight-by-volume basis)
for wastewaters. The treatment standards for metal constituents in nonwastewaters are
expressed as the concentration in the waste extract, as measured by the Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The units for leachate analysis are in mg/L.
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Table 1
BDAT Treatment Standards for Constituents Regulated
in Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Maximum for any Single Grab Sample
Regulated Constituent
Total Concentration (mg/kg)
Organ ics
F037
F038
Anthracene
28
NA
Benzene
14
14
Benzo(a)antkracene
20
NA
Benzo(a)pyrene
12
12
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
7.3
7.3
Chrysene
15
15
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
3.6
3.6
Ethylbenzene
I4
14
Naphthalene
42
42
Phenanthrene
34
34
Phenol
3.6
3.6
Pyrene
36
36
Toluene
14
14
Xylene (Total)
22
22
Maximum for Any Single Grab Sample
Metals
Concentration in TCLP Extract (mg/L)
F037
F038
Chromium (Total)
1.7
1.7
Nickel
0.20
0.20
Maximum for Any Single Grab Sample
Inorganics
Total Concentration (mg/kg)
F037
F038
i
Cyanide (Total)
1.8
1.8
NA - Not applicable
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Table 2
BDAT Treatment Standards for Constituents Regulated
in Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Maximum for Any 24-Hoor Composite Sample
Regulated Constituent
Total Concentration (mg/L)
Organics
FQ37
F038
Acenaphthene
0.059
NA
Anthracene
0.059
NA
Benzene
0.14
0.14
Benzo(a)anthracenc
0.059
NA
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.061
0.061
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
0.28
0.28
Chrysene
0.059
0.059
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
0.057
0.057
Ethylbenzene
0.057
0.057
Fluorcne
0.059
0.059
Naphthalene
0.059
0.059
Phenanthrene
0.059
0.059
Phenol
0.039
0.039
Pyrene
0.067
0.067
Toluene
0.080
0.080
Xylene (Total)
032
0.32
Maximum for Any Single Grab Sample
Metals
Total Concentration (mg/L)
FQ37
F038
Chromium (Total)
0.20
0.20
Lead
0.037
0.037 .
Maximum for Any Single Grab Sample
Inorganics
Total Concentration (mg/L)
F037
FQ38
Cyanide (Total)
0.028
0.028
NA - Not applicable
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1.0
INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or Agency) is
promulgating best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) treatment standards for
the listed hazardous wastes identified in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations. Section
261.31 (40 CFR 261.31) as F037 and F038.
F037 and F038, which are generated by the petroleum refining industry, are
listed as follows:
F037 - Any sludge generated from the gravitational separation of
oil/water/solids during the storage or treatment of process
wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries.
Such sludges include, but are hot limited to, those generated in:
oil/water/solids separators; tanks and impoundments; ditches and
other conveyances; sumps; and stormwater units receiving dry
weather flow. Sludge generated in stormwater units that do not
receive dry weather flow, sludges generated from non-contact once-
through cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process
or oily cooling waters, sludges generated in aggressive biological
treatment units as defined in 40 CFR 261.31(b)(2) (including sludges
generated in one or more additional units after wastewaters have
been treated in aggressive biological treatment units) and K051
wastes are not included in this listing.
F038 - Any sludge and/or float generated from the physical and/or
chemical separation of oil/water/solids in process wastewaters and
oily cooling wastewaters from wastewaters from petroleum
refineries. Such wastes include, but are not limited to, all sludges
and floats generated in: induced air flotation (LAF) units, tanks,
and impoundments, and all sludges generated in DAF units.
Sludges generated in stormwater units that do not receive dry
weather flow, sludges generated from once-through non-contact
cooling waters segregated for treatment from other process or oily
cooling wastes, sludges and floats generated in aggressive biological
treatment units as defined in 40 CFR 26131(b)(2) (including sludges
and floats generated in one or more additional units after
wastewaters have been treated in aggressive biological treatment
units) and F037, K048, and K051 are not included in this listing.
VRJ/NW-049
1009-01.iu)
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These BDAT treatment standards were established in accordance with the
amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 enacted
by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of November 8, 1984.
This background document provides the Agency's rationale and technical
support for developing treatment standards for F037 and F038. This document also
provides waste characterization data that serve as a basis for determining whether a
variance from a treatment standard is warranted for a particular type of F037 or F038
that is more difficult to treat than the wastes on which the F037/F038 treatment
standards are based.
The Agency's legal authority and promulgated methodology for establishing
treatment standards and the petition process necessary for requesting a variance from the
treatment standards are summarized in EPA's Methodology for Developing BDAT
Treatment Standards (2).
Section 1.1 provides a discussion on the regulatory background for F037
and F038. Section 1.2 presents a brief summary of the contents of this document.
1.1 Regulatory Background
On May 19, 1980 (45 FR 33123), the Agency proposed hazardous waste
listing definitions for refinery wastes K048-K052. This proposal included definitions for
the following sludges:
• K048 - Dissolved air flotation (DAF) float from the petroleum •
refining industry.
• K051 - API separator sludge from the petroleum refining industry.
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During the comment period following this proposal, the Agency was petitioned by
Envirex, Inc. to expand the K048 and K051 definitions to list as hazardous other
petroleum refining sludges resulting from primary or secondary oil/water/solids
separations regardless of the equipment or process used in the separation step, since all
such sludges would be similar in composition to K048 and K051. Envirex cited EPA's
Effluent Guidelines Development Document for the Petroleum Refining Category (EPA
440/1-82/014, October 1982) as support for the contention that other processes and
equipment produced a similar solids residue.
After evaluating the rulemaking petition, EPA concurred with Envirex that
the K051 and K048 listings were too narrow in that they omitted other petroleum wastes
with compositions similar to the listed wastes (i.e., those generated in process and
equipment other than API separators and DAF equipment).
On November 12, 1980 (45 FR 74884), the Agency promulgated the listing
definitions for K048 and K051 as proposed; however, the Agency also proposed in that
same Federal Register (45 FR 74893) to amend these definitions at a later date in order
to include other types of units that generate sludges similar to K048 and K051.
In considering expanded definitions for K048 and K051, the Agency
solicited characterization data for sludges similar to K048 and K051. The rulemaking
record for the February 11, 1985, Federal Register Notice of Data Availability (50 FR
5637) includes the characterization data submitted by industry to the Agency. In
addition, the Agency performed their own sampling study of petroleum refinery sludges
in the fall of 1987. The data generated by the Agency's sampling efforts are summarized
in the record for the April 13, 1988, Federal Register Notice of Data Availability (53 FR
12162).
In these notices of data availability, the Agency also solicited comments on
two approaches for expanding the definitions of K048 and K051, such that the definitions
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would include listing of primary and secondary separation oil/solid/water sludges similar
to K048 and K051, but would not inadvertently regulate secondary biological treatment
sludges. Each approach considered relied on alternative indicator parameters for
describing umts toat generate sludge similar to already listed K048 and K051. The first
approach developed definitions based on phenolic removal efficiency. The second
approach defined biological treatment in terms of the percent oil content of the sludge.
Both approaches proved to be unreliable for distinguishing secondary separation sludges
and floats from biological treatment sludges; therefore, the Agency decided not to adopt
them as a listing approach. Instead, the Agency chose to adopt comprehensive listing
descriptions for primary wastewater treatment sludges in order to respond to
commenters' clearly expressed desires for listings that differentiate primary and
secondary separation sludges from secondary biological sludges. Thus, on November 2,
1990 (55 FR 46354), EPA promulgated new hazardous waste listings F037 and F038 that
indicate the treatment process generating the listed sludges, then identify specific units
generating the sludges without limiting the listing to sludges only from those units.
Finally, the listing definitions identify those sludges not included in the listings and
identify units or processes that would not generate the listed sludges.
Following the listing of F037 and F038, EPA published an Advance Notice
of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) and request for comments and data in the
May 30, 1991 Federal Register (56 FR 24444). In this Advance Notice, the Agency
outlined its suggested approach for the regulation of F037 and F038 under the land
disposal restrictions and also requested comments and data on these wastes.
After comments and data were received in response to the ANPRM, the
Agency published its proposed rule for Newly Listed Wastes and Contaminated. Debris
on January 9, 1992, which also solicited additional public comments and data from the
public concerning F037 and F038.
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12
Contents of This Document
Section 2.0 of this document describes the petroleum refining industry,
which is the industry affected by the land disposal restrictions for F037 and F038; this
section also presents available waste characterization data for F037 and F038 and
identifies these wastes as belonging to the K048-K052 waste treatability group. Section
3.0 discusses the treatment technologies that are applicable and demonstrated for
treatment of F037 and F038. Section 4.0 presents the treatment performance data
transferred to F037 and F038. Section 5.0 discusses the determination of technologies
that represent BDAT for nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
Section 6.0 presents the methodology and rationale for selection of the regulated
constituents in F037 and F038. Section 7.0 presents the calculation of treatment
standards for the regulated constituents using the available treatment performance data
from the BDAT treatment technologies. Sections 8.0 and 9.0 present acknowledgements
and references, respectively.
All tables and figures are located at the end of each section.
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2.0
INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION
This section describes the petroleum refining industry, which is the industry
that is affected by the land disposal restrictions for F037 and F038: presents available
characterization data for these wastes: shows that F037 and F038 belong to the K048-
K052 treatability group, and presents pollution prevention measures that may be
applicable to F037 and F038.
2.1 Industry Affected And Process Description
Under 40 CFR 261.31, wastes identified as F037 and F038 are generated
by the petroleum refining industry. The four-digit Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) code most often reported for the petroleum refining industry is 2911. The Agency
has estimated that there are approximately 193 facilities that may generate F037 and
F038. Information from trade associations provides a geographic distribution of the
number of petroleum refineries across the United States. Table 2-1 lists the number of
facilities by state and Table 2-2 summarizes the number of facilities by each EPA region.
The petroleum refining industry consists of individual facilities that convert
crude oil into numerous products, including gasoline, kerosene, fuel oils, lubricating oils,
petrochemical feedstocks, and miscellaneous byproducts. A number of unit operations
are used in the refining of crude oil; the unit operations depend upon the type of crude
oil processed; size, location, and age of the facility; and the market for the petroleum
products. Petroleum refineries range in complexity and size from small plants with tens
of employees to some of the largest industrial complexes in the United States.
Petroleum refining may involve several manufacturing operations and
processes, including crude desalting, atmospheric and vacuum distillation, hydrotreating,
catalytic cracking, thermal processing and residual upgrading, light hydrocarbon
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processing, hvdrocracking, catalytic reforming, extraction, isomerization, lubricating oil
processing, sulfur removal and recovery, and product blending. Distillation of crude oii
separates the raw material (crude oil) into several streams with different boiling point
ranges, including light gaseous streams, gasoline, diesel oil, furnace oil, and heavy ends.
Generally, the different streams are further processed to produce finished petroleum
products.
#
The light gaseous streams are usually burned in process heaters or boilers
to provide heat or steam for the refinery. The heavier gaseous products (propane and"
butane) are liquefied and sold as products. The gasoline stream is further treated at the
refinery to improve its octane rating to allow it to be burned in modern automobile
engines; downstream unit operations such as isomerization or catalytic reforming are
used to increase the octane rating to the desired specifications. The diesel and furnace
oil streams are processed to remove undesirable sulfur compounds. The heavier or
higher boiling streams can either be processed into lighter products or made into
lubricating or specialty oils. Fluid catalytic cracking units, hydrogen cracking units, and
cooking units can be used to convert the heavier distillation products into gases,
gasolines, fuel oils, and petroleum coke. For production of lubricating oils, the heavy
distillation products are dewaxed, solvent-refined, or hydrogen-treated. Other
miscellaneous products from petroleum refineries include aromatic organic compounds
(benzene, toluene, and xylene), greases, waxes, and asphalt. Many additional separation
steps are required to manufacture this wide variety of products.
Petroleum refining operations generate large amounts of wastewater that
require treatment to reduce wastewater pollutants and produce effluents that meet
discharge requirements specified under Clean Water Act (CWA) programs. In general,
these wastewaters are either treated in an on-site wastewater treatment facility and
discharged to surface waters or are pretreated on site and discharged to an off-site
wastewater treatment facility (e.g., a publicly owned treatment works (POTW)).
Discharges to surface waters are controlled under the National Pollutant Discharge
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Elimination System (N'PDES) and require an N'PDES permit, while discharges to a
POTW are subject to state and national preireatmeni standards.
Treatment systems must be designed to accommodate wastewaters from a
variety of sources. Wastewaters generally may be classified as process, oily cooling, oil-
free, and sanitary. Sanitary wastewaters generated from locker rooms and lavatories
throughout the plant generally are managed in a refinery sewage plant or sent to a
municipal sewage system. The other three types of wastewaters are treated in
wastewater treatment systems.
Wastewater treatment systems at petroleum refineries generally consist of
the following elements: (1) A drainage and collection system to collect and carry
wastewaters to treatment units; (2) a primary treatment system to separate
oil/water/solids (o/w/s); and (3) a secondary (biological) treatment system to remove
soluble biodegradable wastewater pollutants. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 present flow diagrams
for two generalized wastewater treatment systems.
Wastewater drainage and collection systems may be segregated (to allow
for treatment by waste class) or nonsegregated (routing all wastewaters to common
wastewater treatment). A facility as depicted in Figure 2-1 will segregate oil-free
wastewaters from process wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters to the fullest extent
possible. Such facilities also minimize the generation of emulsions in the drainage and
collection system by avoiding turbulent flow and mixing, and minimize accumulation of
sludges in the drainage and collection system by incorporating properly sloped collection
systems. Sludges deposited from process wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters in
drainage and collection systems are listed as hazardous waste F037.
Using a segregated collection system, stormwater, the largest contributor to
the oil-free wastewater stream, is handled in segregated stormwater ponds that receive
flow only during storm events. Waters routed to these ponds during storm events either
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are discharged under an NPDES permit when the effluent quality is high enough or are
returned to the wastewater treatment system when the effluent requires treatment. In
cases where stormwater cannot be collected in storm sewers (e.g.. process sewers are
used to collect stormwater), stormwater ponds are used to receive surge flow during
storm events. Such facilities will route only wet weather flow (mixed process and
stormwater) to these segregated ponds. Sludges generated from segregated stormwater
ponds that do not receive dry weather flow (i.e., any process wastewaters or oily cooling
wastewaters) are excluded from the F037 and F038 listings.
A facility as depicted in Figure 2-2 may route process wastewaters and oily
cooling wastewaters to stormwater ponds during dry weather. Nonsegregated stormwater
ponds that receive dry weather flow of process wastewaters and oily cooling wastewaters
generate F037 sludges. These process refining wastewaters must be treated for the
removal of oil and grease, suspended solids, toxic metals, and other pollutants that may
interfere with the subsequent treatment of these wastewaters by biological treatment.
As shown in Figure 2-1, primary treatment may be divided into two stages:
(1) the first stage is for o/w/s separation based on gravitational separation; and (2) the
second stage is for o/w/s separation based on other physical or chemical processes to
separate emulsified o/w/s that are not amenable to gravitational separation. The first
stage of o/w/s separation (gravitational) for process wastewaters and oily cooling
wastewaters is necessary in almost all cases to meet effluent standards and to recover oil
for reprocessing. The extent to which the second stage of o/w/s separation (separation
of emulsified solids) is required depends on the amount of emulsified oils in the
wastewater.
The first stage of o/w/s separation is conducted in gravitational separators
designed to allow sufficient time under low turbulence conditions for oil to rise to the
top and coalesce for removal by skimming, and for solids to settle to the bottom of the
separator. Properly designed first-stage o/w/s separators remove the majority of
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nonemulsified oil and settleable solids. Separators used at earlier points (i.e.. regional
separators) may be used to treat individual waste streams prior to commingling at the
main wastewater'treatment system. While the API separator is most widely used, other
types of effective first-stage o/w/s separators exist (e.g., corrugated plate interceptor
(CPI) separators and separators of circular design). API separator sludge currently is
regulated as hazardous waste K051. Gravitational separation sludges generated in all
other first-stage o/w/s separators are regulated as F037.
The second stage of o/w/s separation uses physical or chemical methods to
separate emulsified oils from refinery wastewaters. Where such treatment is usedv many
facilities utilize systems for second-stage o/w/s separation that involve air flotation. Air
flotation separates emulsified oils and suspended solids from wastewater by introducing
air into the bottom of a unit. As this air passes up through the wastewater, it
agglomerates oil and suspended solids to form an intimate mixture of gas (air) and
particulates that is lighter than water. This mixture floats to the top of the unit where it
is skimmed as surface float for treatment and disposal. The two types of air flotation
units are dissolved air flotation (DAF) and induced air flotation (IAF). These units
differ in the means by which air is introduced into the unit. In each case, chemicals may
be added to the wastewater influent to improve emulsion breaking and agglomeration
removal of particulates. Float generated from DAF units is currently regulated as K048.
All sludges and other floats generated from induced air flotation and other second-stage
o/w/s separation units are regulated as F038.
Facilities may also conduct second-stage o/w/s separation in a series of
settling ponds where extended holding times are used to break emulsions. Such facilities
may also pass wastewaters that still have settleable solids from a first-stage o/w/s
separator to one of these ponds. Serial settling ponds may have skimming devices to
remove oil that rises to the surface or may rely on oxidation and photodegradation to
degrade these oils. Some-biological activity may occur within these ponds in addition to
second-stage o/w/s separation, depending on the number of ponds included in a
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treatment train and the length of time wastewater is retained in each pond to complete
separation of oil and solids from wastewater. Wastewater effluents from these second-
stage operations are typically fed to aggressive biological treatment units that discharge
under NPDES permits or to POTWs.
22 Waste Characterization
Waste characterization data for F037 and F038 were available to the
Agency from three sources:
• Data submitted to the Agency by industry; these data are
summarized in the record for the February 11, 1985 Federal
Register Notice of Data Availability (50 F"R 5637);
• Data generated as a result of sampling efforts by the Agency; these
data are summarized in the April 13, 1988 Federal Register Notice
of Data Availability (53 FR 12162);
• Data submitted to the Agency by Unocal Corporation, in response
to the January 9, 1992 proposed rule.
The majority of the industry-submitted data did not contain enough site-
specific information to determine whether the sludge would be classified as F037 or
F038. Therefore, these data were combined and are presented as characterization data
for F037/F038 sludge in Table 2-3. The characterization data generated by the Agency's
sampling efforts were summarized in a final report entitled "Summary of Data and
Engineering Analysis Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater Treatment Sludges,
Final Report" (3). Facility site-specific information (such as schematics of the waste
treatment units) was provided in this report. Using this information, F037 and F038
samples were identified; the corresponding waste characterization data were tabulated
and are presented in Table 2-3.
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The Unocal submittal was a compilation of data from laboratory and field
studies. The samples analyzed were described as safety basin sludge, stormwater basin
sludge, stormwater impoundment sludge, equalization basin sludge, and observation basin
sludge. Unocal did not provide enough site-specific information about the sludges to
enable the Agency to distinguish whether the sludges are classified as F037 or F038.
Thus, it was assumed the data represented F037, F038, or a mixture of the two wastes.
These characterization data are presented in Table 2-4.
2.3 Determination Of Waste Treatability Group
Fundamental to waste treatment is the concept that the type of treatment .
technology used and the level of treatment achieved depends on the physical and
chemical characteristics of the waste. EPA may establish treatability groups for wastes
having similar physical and chemical properties. In addition, if EPA believes that wastes
represented by different waste codes can be treated to similar constituent concentrations
using identical technologies, the Agency may combine the waste codes into one
treatability group. EPA generally considers wastes to be similar when they are generated
both from the same industry and from similar processing stages.
This section discusses the similarities between F037 and F038 and the
previously regulated petroleum refining wastes K051 and K048. EPA has placed F037
and F038 in the same treatability group as K048-K052. In addition, the Agency believes
that F037 and F038 are sufficiently similar to KQ51 and K048, respectively, to transfer
treatment performance from K051 to F037, and from K048 to F038.
As described in Section 2.1, F037 and F038 are generated by the petroleum
refining industry in units similar in design and purpose to API separators and DAF float
units generating K051 and K048. Like K051 and K048, F037 and F038 are generated in
units used for the primary .treatment of process wastewater and oily cooling wastewaters
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at petroleum refineries. In addition, F037 and F038 result from the processing of similar
raw materials (i.e., petroleum products) as K051 and K048.
EPA requested comment on the similarity of F037 and F038 to K.051 and
K048 in the May 30, 1991, ANPRM and in the January 9, 1992 proposed rule. Several
commenters supported the similarity between the waste codes while others felt that F037
and F038 are likely to show "higher percentages of soil panicles and lower
concentrations of oil," making them unsuitable for disposal in incinerators and cement
kilns. The Agency has recognized that F037 and F038 generated on a one-time basis
from the clean-out of surface impoundments may be lower in BTU value; they may also
present difficulties to sludge handling systems by being too dry to be handled as
pumpable sludge, and too low in BTU content and moisture to be handled in non-
pumpable sludge systems. Because existing capacity at bulk solid incineration systems is
insufficient to treat F037 and F038 wastes from surface impoundments, EPA is granting
a two-year national capacity variance for these wastes.
However, a comparison of F037 and F038 characterization data with those
for K051 and K048 (as shown in Tables 2-5 and 2-6) indicates that many of the
constituents identified in K051 and K048 are also present at similar concentrations in
F037 and F038. Based on the similarities of industry, processing stages, and waste
characterization data between F037, F038, K048, and K051, the Agency believes that
F037 and F038 can be treated to similar concentrations using identical technologies as
those identified for K048 and K051. EPA is therefore placing F037 and F038 into the
same waste treatability group as K048-K052.
2.4 Pollution Prevention Measures
In the May 30, 1991 ANPRM, the Agency solicited comments on pollution
prevention measures that may be applicable to F037 and F038. Two commenters on the
May 30, 1991 ANPRM suggested that EPA "should consider a wide range of source
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reduction and recycling and reuse activities as pollution prevention for primary sludges
(F037/F038)... and encourage facilities to develop innovative approaches to minimize the
generation and disposal of these wastes."
Commenters pointed out that differences in physical and chemical
characteristics of F037 and F038 should be considered when evaluating possible waste
minimization practices. For example, some commenters believe that a large quantity of
F037/F038 may be generated from impoundment cleanup, and wastes generated in this
manner may have different characteristics than K048 and K051. These commenters
believe that "the high soil concentrations in F037/F038 wastes could prohibit the use of
vacuum filters and belt presses, and low oil concentrations may make recovery processes
impractical."
Other commenters identified source reduction and recycling activities
which may be applicable to F037 and F038. One commenter identified source reduction
activities that could reduce the quantities and toxicity of F037/F038, including:
• Replacing chromium-based corrosion inhibitors with phosphate-
based corrosion inhibitors;
• Improved housekeeping (i.e., street sweeping);
• Use of higher quality catalysts in conversion reactions to achieve
more complete reactions and fewer unused reactants going to
disposal;
• Road paving; and
• Oil recovery, where possible.
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Another commenter submitted information on source reduction and
recycling activities which could reduce the amount of waste that must be treated and
subsequently disposed. These techniques include:
• Reducing the discharge of oil to sewers by closed loop sampling
systems, prevention and containment of oil leaks, and installation of
maintenance drop-out systems;
• Minimizing the release of solids to process sewers where they may
form sludges with oil and water. Such measures include the
segregation of non-hazardous water treatment lime sludge and the
prohibition of allowing catalyst and sandblasting grit into the sewer,
as well as the housekeeping and paving dirt roads mentioned earlier;
• Minimizing the formation in the primary treatment system of oily
emulsion or sludges. Procedures include the use of low shear
pumps in the transfer of wastewater, use of polymers for increased
oil separation and oil recovery in oil/water separators, and the
upstream control of detergents or emulsifiers released into the
sewers;
• Utilizing centrifuges or filter presses to recover oil from oil/water
separator sludges and thus reducing the amount of waste which must
be treated; and
• Recycling waste to an on-site coker, if available.
Both commenters supported an EPA policy that encourages reuse,
recycling, and other operational changes, along with, source reduction, in developing a
policy of waste minimization. Still, both commenters felt that the benefits of waste
minimization are site-specific and may not be applicable to all facilities. Thus, they
believed that flexibility should be a significant factor in incorporating waste minimization
practices into BDAT determinations.
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Table 2-1
Facilities Producing Petroleum Refining Wastes by State
Slate (EPA Region)
Number of
Facilities
State (EPA Region)
Number of
Facilities
Alabama (IV)
2
Montana (VIII)
5
Alaska (X)
6
Nebraska (VII)
0
Arizona (IX)
1
Nevada (IX)
1
Arkansas (VI)
4
New Hampshire (I)
0
California (IX)
29
New Jersey (II)
6
Colorado (VE)
2
New Mexico (VI)
3
Connecticut (I)
0
New York (II)
0
Delaware (III)
1
North Carolina (IV)
0
Washington, DC (ffl)
0
North Dakota (VHI)
2
Florida (IV)
1
Ohio (V)
5
Georgia (IV)
2
Oklahoma (VI)
6
Hawaii (IX)
2
Oregon (X)
1
Idaho (X)
0
Pennsylvania (HI)
8
Illinois (V)
7
Puerto Rico (II)
1
Indiana (V)
4
Rhode Island (I)
0
Iowa (Vfl)
0
South Carolina (IV)
0
Kansas (VII)
7
South Dakota (VIE)
0
Kentucky (IV)
2
Tennessee (IV)
1
Louisiana (VI)
18
Texas (VI)
31
Maine (I)
0
Utah (VIII)
6
Maryland (III)
0
Vermont (I)
0
Massachusetts (I)
0
Virginia (HI)
1
Michigan (V)
4
Virgin Islands (II)
1
Minnesota (V)
2
Washington (X)
7
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Table 2-1
(Continued)
State (EPA Region)
Number of
Facilities
State (EPA Region)
Number of
Facilities
Mississippi (IV)
>
West Virginia (III)
n
Missouri (VII)
0
Wisconsin (V)
1
Wyoming (VIII)
6
Reference: Centrell, Ailleen. "Annual Refining Survey." Oil and Gas Journal. Vol.
83, No. 13. March 30, 1987. (Reference 4)
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Table 2-2
Facilities Producing Petroleum Refining Wastes by EPA Region
EPA Region
Total Number of Facilities
I
0
II
8
in
12
IV
13
V
23
vi
62
VII
7
vm
21
IX
33
X
14
TOTAL
193
Reference: Cantrell, Ailleen. "Annual Refining Survey." Oil and Gas
Journal. Vol. 83, No 13. March 30, 1987. (Reference 4)
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Table 2-3
Waste Characterization Data for F037 and F038
BDAT List Constituent
F037O) (mg/kg)
F038n' (mg/kg)
F037/F038"1 (mg/kg)
Organics
Benzene
1.88-200
< 1-89.5
0.1-2500
Bcnzo( a)anthracene
ND-130
ND-69.7
NR
Benzo(a)pyrene
ND-83.2
ND-67.6
ND-42
Chrvsene
ND-138
ND-125
5-120
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
ND-22.7
ND-L3.1
NR
Phenanthrene
0.0948-332
ND-439
NR
Pyrene
0.00352-216
ND-170
ND-143
Toluene
ND-1210
ND-262
0.7-2100
Naphthalene
NR
NR
110
Metals
Antimony
NR
NR
74-230
Arsenic
ND-61
034-109.4
19-49
Barium
NR
NR
109-225
Cadmium
NR
NR
3.2-7.7
Chromium (total)
12-2020
2.5-2990
1-5500
Copper
NR
NR
39-930
Lead
22-4570
<1 3900
0.53-1725
Mercury
NR
NR
1-6
Nickel
12.4-740
<0.16-95
18-56
Selenium
NR
NR
12-770
Silver
NR
NR
1-31
,
Vanadium
NR
NR
56-<90
Zinc
NR
NR
300-3940
Inorganic
Cvanide
NR
NR
ND
ND = Not detected
NR = Not reported
References:
"'U.S. EPA, Summary of Data and Engineering Analysis Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater
Treatment Sludges. Final Report, April 8, 1988 (Referenced).
"Summary of Industry Submitted Data in the February 11, 1985 RCRA Docket #F85-PRAN-FFFFF. The
information provided was insufficient to differentiate between F037 and F038.
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Table 2-4
Waste Characterization Data Submitted by Industry for F037/F038 Sludges - Unocal Corporation
BOAT list Constituents
Waste Concentrations (mg/kg)
Sample #1
Sample #2
Sample #3
Sample #4
Sample #5
Accnaplithcnc
NA
<0.22*
<2.5*
<2.5*
NA
Anthracene
<80
<0.22*
<2.5*
<2.5*
NA
Benzene
<3.5*
57
<0.25*
<2,5*
NA
Benzo(a)authraccne
<80*
<0.22*
<2.5*
<2.5*
NA
Uenzo(a)pyrene
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phlhalale
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chrysene
98
<0.22*
<2.5*
<2.5*
NA
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Di n butyl Phthalate
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Ethylbcnzcne
8
72
<0.25*
<2.5*
NA
Fluorcne
NA
<0.22
<2.5*
4.3
NA
Naphthalene
<80*
<0.22*
<2.5
15
NA
Phenanthrcnc
88
<0.22*
3.2
14
NA
Phenol
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
* = Delect ion limil
NA = Nol analyzed
Souicc: Unocal February 21, 1W2 submittal to BPA in response to the proposed rule for newly listed wastes. (Reference S)
nri/nw-w;
IIKW (II nrj
-------
Table 2-4
(Continued)
BIMT List Constituents
Waste Concentrations (tag/kg)
Sample #1
Sample #2
Sample #3
Sample #4
Sample #5
Pyrene.
<80*
<0.22*
<2.5*
<2.5*
NA
Toluene
12
42
<0.25*
5.3
NA
Xylenes (total)
46
155
<0.75
15 1
NA
Antimony
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Arsenic
1.8
16
<10
<4
12
| Barium
21
275
87.9
30.1
53
Beryllium
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Cadmium
2.3
2.8
<1.0
< 1.0
14
Chromium (total)
920
1850
499
201
4(H)
Copper
39
NA
NA
NA
111)
Lead
24
93
55.1
93
144)
Mercury
1.3
0.1
0,5
0.3
31
Nickel
17
76
80
<4.0
37
* = Detection limit
NA - Not analyzed
Source: Unocal February 21, 1992 submittal to liPA in response to the proposed rule for newly listed wastes, (Reference 5)
NIU/NW-WJ
IKW-lil nr|
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Table 2-4
(Continued)
HUAT list Constituents
Waste Concentrations (mg/kg)
Sample #1
Sample #2
Sample #3
Sample #4
Sample #5
Selenium
28
9.0
<5.0
<5.0
12
Vanadium
26
555
2.9
<1.0
130
Zinc
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.900
Cyanides (total)
<0.5
NA
NA
NA
<1.0
* = Del eel ion limit
NA - Not analyzed
Source: Unocal February 21, 1992 submittal to EPA in response to the proposed rule for newly listed wastes. (Keieicnce S)
NIU/NW (M<>
IIXW-OI nt)
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Table 2-5
Comparison of Waste Characterization Data for F037 and K051
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range (mg/kg)
K051 (1)
F037 (2)
Organics
Acenaphthene
< 10-33
NR
Anthracene
13-667
NR
Benzene
74.0-370
1.88-200
Benzo(a)anthracene
<200
ND-130
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.002-<200
ND-83.2
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
<200
NR
Chrysene
14-<200
ND-138
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
NR
ND-22.7
Di-n-butyl phthalate
<10-230
NR
Ethylbenzene
<03-150
NR
Fluorene
11-37
NR
Naphthalene
97-550
NR
Phenanlhrene
70-1,360
0.0948-332
Phenol
<200
NR
Pyrene
24-<200
0.00352-216
Toluene
33-450
ND-1,210
Xylene
71-1,160
NR
Metals
Antimony
9-18
NR
Arsenic
0.1-32
ND-61
Barium
68-412
NR
Beryllium
0.0012-0.24
NR
Cadmium
0.024-3.0
NR
Chromium (total)
0.1-6,790
12-2,020
Copper
2.5-550
NR
S'RJ/NW-049
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Table 2-5
(Continued)
Concentration Range (mg/kg)
BDAT List Constituent
K051 (1)
F037 (2)
Lead
0.25-2.480
22-4.570
Mercury
0.04-6.2
NR
Nickel
0.25-150.4
12.4-740
Selenium
0.005-12
NR
Silver
0.05-3
NR
Vanadium
1-350
NR
Zinc
25-6,596
NR
Inorganics
Cyanide
0.00006-51.4
NR
ND « Not detected
NR = Sot reported
References:
U.S. EPA. Final Amendment to the Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background for K048. K049. K050, K0S1.
K052, May 1990. (Reference 6)
U.S. EPA. Summary of Data and Engineering Analyses Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater Treatment Sludges. Final
Report, April 8. 1988. (Reference 3)
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Table 2-6
Comparison of Waste Characterization Data for F038 and K048
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range (mg/kg)
K048 (1)
F038 (2)
Organics
Benzene
< 1.0-16
< 1-89.5
Benzo(a)anthracene
NR
ND-69.7
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.004-<40
ND-67.6
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
<20.0-59
NR
Chrysene
<0.66-59
ND-125
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
NR
ND-13.1
D ichloroQuoromethane
< 14.0-310
NR
Di-n-butyl phthalate
<40.0-190
NR
Ethylbenzene
<1.0-120
NR
Fluorene
<0.66-58
NR
Naphthalene
<40-350
NR
Phenanthrene
<40-190
ND-439
Phenol
3.0-210
NR
Pyrene
31-93
ND-170
Toluene
<1.0-150
ND-262
Xylene (total)
<4.1-170
NR
Metals
Antimony
4.4-7
NR
Arsenic
0.05-10 J
0.34-109.4
Barium
43.0-59
NR
Beryllium
0.0012-0.84
NR
Cadmium
<0.25-0.7
NR
Chromium (total)
0.04-3,435
2^-2,990
Copper
0.05-56
NR
Lead
0.05-1,250
<1-3,900
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Table 2-6
(Continued)
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range (mg/kg)
K048 (1)
F038 (2)
Mercury
<0.05-0.89
NR
Nickel
NR
<0.16-95
Inorganics
Cyanide
NR
NR
ND = Not detected
NR » Not reported
References:
U.S. EPA. Final Amendment to the Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background for K048. K049. K050. K051.
K052, May 1990. (Reference 6)
U.S. EPA. Summary of Data and Engineering Analyses Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater Treatment Sludges. Final
Report. April 8, 1988. (Reference 3)
NRJ/NW-049
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PROCESS AND CXlt
COOUNC WASTEWATERS
ANO
NON - SE GRECATEO
SIORMWATER
STORMWATER
PONDS
(RECTI ONLY WET
WEATHER ROW)
SYSTEM
u
NOT LISTED
API
(PRIMARY O/W/S
SEPARATION)
n
OAf
(SICONOARY O/W/S
SEPARATION)
KOSt
K048
SEGRECATED
STORMWATER
STORMWATER
PONDS
NOT USTEO
row
EQUALIZATION
TANK
u
AGGRESSIVE
BIOLOCICAL
IREAniCNI
row
¦NOT USTEO
NPOES
DISCHARGE
SUBSEQUENI
TREAIUEN1
(fOilSHING)
NPDE S
DISCHAHCL
NOT LISTED
J L
FIRST STAGE O/W/S SEPARATION
J L_
SECOND STAGE O/W/S SEPARATION
SECONDARY (BIOLOGICAl) HREaTULNI
PRIMARY TREATMENT
SPECIflCAlLY EXCLUOED FROM THE USTINC DEflNITlONSC* F0J7 ANO F0J6
Fume 2 I
Generalized Kefuierv Waste wwtt-i Ti en I nit-til NvsIi-hi
-------
STORMWATER
ANO PROCESS
AND OILY COOLING'
WASTEWATERS
STORMWATER
PONOS
K>
PROCESS ANO
OILY COOUNG
WASTEWATERS
SEWER
SYSTEM
F037
• F037
SETTLING AND
OXIDATION
POND
¦ F037
OXIDATION
POND
r
F038
OXIDATION
POND
F038
OXIDATION
POND
NPDfr.S
DiscHARc;e
— F0J8
-------
3.0
APPLICABLE/DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
This section discusses the technologies that are applicable for treatment of
wastewater and nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 and determines which, if any, of
the applicable technologies can be considered demonstrated for the purpose of
establishing BDAT. The selection of treatment technologies that are applicable and
demonstrated for treating BDAT List constituents is based on current waste treatment
practices, current literature sources, field testing, data submitted by equipment
manufacturers and industrial concerns, and engineering judgment of EPA technical staff
personnel.
3.1 Applicable Treatment Technologies
To be considered applicable, the technology must theoretically be usable to
treat the waste in question or a waste that is similar in terms of parameters that affect
treatment selection. Detailed descriptions of technologies that are applicable to listed
hazardous wastes are provided in EPA's Treatment Technology Background Document
(7).
The following subsections present treatment technologies that the EPA has
identified as applicable for nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
3.1.1 Nonwastewaters
The Agency has identified the treatment technologies listed below as being
applicable for nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038. Those treatment technologies •
that can provide hydrocarbon recovery are indicated with a "o":
• Biological treatment;
o Coking (delayed);
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o High temperature thermal distillation;
• Incineration (fluidized-bed and rotary kiln);
• Molten glass disposal.
o Pressure filtration;
o Solvent extraction;
• Stabilization;
o Thermal drying; and
o Thermal screw augers.
Biological Treatment
Biological treatment is a destruction technology that biodegrades hazardous
organic constituents in wastewaters. This technology generates two treatment residuals:
a treated effluent and a waste biosludge, Waste biosludge may be land disposed without
further treatment if it meets the applicable BDAT nonwastewater treatment standards
for regulated constituents.
Coking
Delayed coking containerizes low solids wastes and heats them under
pressure. The waste is cracked, releasing hydrocarbon vapors which are refined into
light-end hydrocarbon products. The cracked waste (coke) is then cooled, removed from
the drums, and sold as solid fuel.
High Temperature Thermal Distillation
High temperature thermal distillation is a separation technology that
subjects hydrocarbon-bearing wastes to indirect, electrically-generated heat in an inert
atmosphere. The process .removes all volatilized hydrocarbon compounds from a
hydrocarbon-bearing waste and subsequently recovers such compounds in a reusable
NTU/NW-049
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form after the hydrocarbon-beanng inert gases are cooled at high pressure. The oil
reclaimed can be recycled to crude units, and the water sent to the water treatment
processes.
Incineration
Incineration is a destruction technology in which heat is transferred to a
waste to destabilize chemical bonds and destroy organic constituents. In general, two
residuals are generated by incineration processes: ash and scrubber water. In a
fluidized-bed incinerator, solid and semi-solid wastes are injected into the fluidized-bed
material (generally sand and/or incinerator ash), and heated to their ignition
temperatures. Heat energy from the combusting gases is transferred back to the
fluidized bed. Ash is removed periodically during operation and during bed change-outs.
In a rotary kiln incinerator, solid and semi-solid wastes are fed into the
elevated slope-end of the kiln. The rotation of the kiln mixes the waste with hot gases to
heat the waste to its ignition temperature. Combustion gases from the kiln enter the
afterburner for complete destruction of organic waste constituents. Other wastes may
also be injected into the afterburner. Combustion gases from the incinerator are then
fed to a scrubber system for cooling and removal of entrained particulates and acid
gases, if present. Ash is removed from the lower slope-end of the kiln.
Molten Glass Disposal
Molten glass disposal is an immobilization technology that converts
hazardous materials to non-hazardous materials in an electrically-heated glass melting
furnace in the presence of excess oxygen.
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Pressure Filtration
Pressure filtration, also known as sludge filtration, sludge dewatering, or
cake-formation filtration, separates panicles from a mixture of fluids and particles by a
medium that permits the flow of the fluid but retains the particles. It is used on wastes
that contain high concentrations of suspended solids (i.e., higher than one percent). The
remainder of the waste is generally water. Recovered oil can be blended into crude
stock and sold, or sent to a slop oil recovery system.
Solvent Extraction
Solvent extraction is a separation technology that removes organics from a
waste due to greater constituent solubility in the solvent phase than in a waste phase.
This technology generates two residuals: a treated waste residual and an extract. The
treated residual may need to undergo further treatment for metals, such as stabilization.
The extract may be recycled as refinery raw crude or may be treated by incineration.
Recovered solvent can be recycled back into the process.
Stabilization
Stabilization refers to a broad class of treatment technologies that
chemically reduce the mobility of metal constituents in a waste by binding the metals
into a solid that resists leaching when water or a mild acid solution comes into contact
with the waste material. Organic materials are not usually effectively stabilized and may,
in fact, inhibit the stabilization of metals. Hence, stabilization is applicable to
nonwastewaters only after the organics have been removed by other treatment, such as
incineration.
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Thermal Drving
Thermal drying removes water and volatile organics from a solid waste
through evaporation. It is applicable to solid wastes having a filterable solids content of
approximately 40 percent or greater. Thermal dryers operate in the range of 300 to
700°F and usually have mechanical agitation to improve heat transfer. Use of this
technology results in a smaller volume of waste residual with reduced concentrations of
water and volatile organics.
Thermal Screw Augers
A thermal screw auger is a treatment unit that removes water and volatile
organics from a sludge through evaporation. Thermal screw augers consist of hollow
screws and shafts through which heated transfer fluid flows, indirectly heating the sludge
and causing water and volatile organics to evaporate. While the remaining sludge is
dried, the vapors are condensed in an external heat exchanger to produce a light
hydrocarbon liquid and water. The dried sludge cake is discharged from the drier, and
can be sold as low grade pefoleum coke fuel.
3.1 J Wastewaters
The Agency has identified the treatment technologies listed below as being
applicable for wastewater forms of F037 and F038. Those treatment technologies that
can provide hydrocarbon recovery are indicated with a "o".
• . Biological treatment (including aerobic fixed film, aerobic lagoons,
activated sludge, anaerobic fixed film, rotating biological contactors,
sequential batch reactors, and trickling filter technologies);
• Carbon adsorption (including activated carbon and granular
activated carbon technologies);
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• Chemically assisted clarification (including chemical precipitation
technology);
• Chemical oxidation;
• Chromium Reduction/Chemical Precipitation/Filtration;
o Fluidized coking;
• Incineration (including fluidized-bed, rotary kiln, and liquid injection
incineration);
• PACT® treatment (including powdered activated carbon addition to
activated sludge and biological granular activated carbon
technologies);
• Reverse osmosis;
o Solvent extraction (including liquid-liquid extraction technology);
• Stripping treatment (including steam stripping and air stripping
technologies); and
• Wet air oxidation (including supercritical oxidation technology).
In addition, total recycle or reuse also may be applicable for certain
wastewater forms of F037 and F038. The technologies discussed below destroy or reduce
the total amount of organic compounds in wastewater.
Biological Treatment
Biological treatment is a destruction technology that biodegrades hazardous
organic constituents in wastewaters. This technology generates two treatment residuals:
a treated effluent and a waste biosludge. Waste biosludge may be land disposed without
further treatment if it meets the applicable BDAT nonwastewater treatment standards
for regulated constituents.
NRJ/NW-049
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Carbon Adsorption
Carbon adsorption is a separation technology that selectively adsorbs
hazardous organic constituents in wastewaters onto activated carbon. This technology
generates two treatment residuals: a treated effluent and spent activated carbon. The
spent activated carbon can be reactivated, recycled, or incinerated.
Chemically Assisted Clarification
Chemically-assisted clarification, including chemical precipitation, is a
separation technology that removes organics and inorganics from wastewater by the
addition of chemicals that cause precipitates to form. The solids formed are then
separated from the wastewater by settling, clarification, and/or polishing filtration. This
technology generates two treatment residuals: treated wastewater effluent and separated
solid precipitate. The solid precipitate may be land disposed without further treatment if
it meets the applicable BDAT nonwastewater treatment standards for regulated
constituents.
Chemical Oxidation
Chemical oxidation is a destruction technology that oxidizes inorganic
cyanide, some dissolved organic compounds, and sulfides to yield carbon dioxide, water,
salts, simple organic acids, and sulfates. This technology generates one treatment
residual, treated effluent.
Chromium Reduction/Chemical Precipitation/Filtration
Chromium reduction reduces the concentration of hexavalent chromium in
wastewaters by converting the chromium (VI) to the trivalent state, chromium (III).
Chemical precipitation is then used to convert the dissolved metal into a less soluble
NRJ/NW-049
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metal precipitate that settles out of solution. This step :s followed by sedimentation or
filtration to separate the precipitate from the wastewater.
Fluidized Coking
Fluidized coking is a treatment technology that sprays heated waste onto a
bed of hot coke particles, where the waste vaporizes and cracks, forming a liquid film on
the surface of the existing coke. The product coke is then removed and sold as fuel.
Incineration
Incineration is a destruction technology in which heat is transferred to a
waste to destabilize chemical bonds and destroy organic constituents. In a fluidized-bed
incinerator, waste is injected into the fluidized-bed material (generally sand and/or
incinerator ash), where it is heated to its ignition temperature. Heat energy from the
combusting gases is transferred back to the fluidized bed. Ash is removed periodically
during operation and during bed change-outs.
In a rotary kiln incinerator, wastes are fed into the elevated slope-end of
the kiln, and the rotation of the kiln causes the waste to mix with hot gases to heat the
waste to its ignition temperature. Combustion gases from the kiln enter the afterburner
for complete destruction of organic waste constituents. Other wastes may also be
injected into the afterburner. Ash is removed from the lower slope-end of the kiln.
In a liquid injection incinerator, liquid wastes are atomized and injected
into the incinerator. In general, only wastes with low or negligible ash contents are .
amenable to liquid injection incineration. Therefore, this technology may not generate
an ash residual.
NRJ/NW-049
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Combustion gases from any of the above incinerators are then fed to a
scrubber system for cooling and removal of entrained particulates and acid gases, if
present. In general, with the exception of liquid injection incineration, two residuals are
generated by incineration processes: ash and scrubber water.
PACT8
PACT® combines carbon adsorption and biological treatment to
biodegrade hazardous organic constituents and selectively adsorb them onto powdered .
activated carbon. This technology generates two treatment residuals: a treated effluent
and spent carbon/biosludge. The spent carbon may be regenerated and recycled to the
process or incinerated.
Reverse Osmosis
Reverse osmosis is a separation technology that removes dissolved organics
(usually salts) from a wastewater by filtering the wastewater through a semipermeable
membrane at a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure caused by the dissolved
organics in the wastewater. This technology generates two residuals: the treated effluent
and the concentrated organic salt materials which do not pass through the membrane.
Solvent Extraction
Solvent extraction is a separation technology that removes organic
compounds from a waste due to greater constituent solubility in a solvent phase than in
the waste phase. This technology generates two residuals: a treated waste residual anjl
an extract. The extract may be recycled as refinery raw crude or treated by incineration.
The treated residual may need to undergo further treatment for metals, such as
stabilization. Recovered solvent can be recycled back into the process.
NRJ/NW-049
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Stripping Treatment
Stripping treatment is a separation technology in which volatile organic
constituents in a liquid waste are physically transferred to a flowing gas or vapor. In
steam stripping, steam contacts the waste, strips the volatile organics, and carries them to
a condenser where the mixture of organic vapors and steam is condensed and collected
in an accumulator tank. In air stripping, air contacts the waste and strips the volatile
organic constituents. Air stripping generates one treatment residual: treated effluent.
Emissions generated from air stripping may require further treatment.
Wet Air Oxidation
Wet air oxidation is a destruction technology that oxidizes hazardous
organic constituents in wastes under high pressures and elevated temperatures in the
presence of dissolved oxygen. This technology is applicable for wastes comprised
primarily of water and up to 10% total organic carbon. Wet air oxidation generates one
treatment residual: treated effluent. The treated effluent may require further treatment
for hazardous organic constituents by carbon adsorption or PACT* treatment. Trapped
air emissions from wet air oxidation may also require further treatment.
3.2 Demonstrated Treatment Technologies
To be considered demonstrated, a technology must be used in a full-scale
operation for treatment of the waste in question or a similar waste. Technologies
available only at pilot- or bench-scale operations are not considered in identifying
demonstrated technologies. The Agency may use data from such operations to evaluate
the performance of demonstrated full-scale treatment operations, provided the Agency
lacks full-scale data which can be used to evaluate performance.
NJU/NW-049
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The following subsections present demonstrated treatment technologies for
nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F03~ and F038.
3.2.1 Nonwastewaters
The Agency has identified the following applicable treatment technologies
as being demonstrated for treatment of organics and inorganics in nonwastewater forms
of F037 and F038: incineration (fluidized-bed and rotary kiln), solvent extraction, high
temperature thermal distillation, biological treatment, and pressure filtration. Since the
Agency is not aware of any full-scale thermal drying operations for F037 and F038. this
technology has not been identified as demonstrated. Although the Agency is aware of
full-scale cokers, thermal screw augers, and at least one molten glass process in
operation, F037 and F038 treatment performance data have not been provided for these
operations (8). In addition, the Agency has identified stabilization as a demonstrated
technology for the immobilization of metals in nonwastewater residuals generated from
treatment of F037 and F038.
3.2.2 Wastewaters
The Agency has identified the following applicable treatment technologies
as being demonstrated for treatment of organics and inorganics tn wastewater forms of
F037 and F038: biological treatment, PACT® treatment, carbon adsorption, solvent
extraction, chemical oxidation, wet air oxidation, stripping treatment, reverse osmosis,
chemically assisted clarification, and incineration. The Agency is aware of full-scale
fluidized coking operations, but has received no treatment performance data on this
technology for F037 and F038 (8). For metals in wastewater treatment residuals, EPA
has identified the following treatment train as demonstrated: chromium reduction
• followed by lime and sulfide precipitation, followed by vacuum filtration. This treatment
train is commonly used for metal-containing wastewaters.
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4.0
PERFORMANCE DATABASE
For reasons outlined in Section 2.3 of this document, EPA has determined
that F037 and F038 belong to the K.048-K052 waste treatability group. As a result, EPA
is transferring treatment performance data from the treatment performance database for
K048-K052 for use in identifying BDAT and determining BDAT treatment standards.
EPA has also reviewed available treatment performance data submitted after the Third
Third rulemaking for K048-K052, and one limited data set submitted on the treatment of
F037 and F038.
The facilities represented by the plant codes used in this section are shown
in Appendix A.
4.1 Treatment Performance Database for Organics in Nonwastewaters
The Agency obtained treatment performance data for organics in
nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 from seven sources. Treatment performance
data from the K048-K052 nonwastewater organics database was transferred to F037 and
F038 on a constituent-by-constituent basis. Additionally, the Agency considered industry
data submitted in response to the May 30, 1991 ANPRM and the January 9, 1992
proposed rule.
The treatment performance data used to develop treatment standards for
organics in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 are listed below:
• From Plant Q, four sample sets of data from solvent extraction
treatment (using CF Systems' solvent extraction unit - 5 passes)
followed by centrifugation of a 50:50 mixture of K048 and K051
were considered (see Table B-3, Appendix B). Design and
operating parameters are shown in Table B-4. The Agency believes
the solvent extraction unit was well-designed and well-operated
during the treatment test.
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From Plant R. four sample sets of data from solvent extraction
treatment (using CF Systems' solvent extraction unit - 3 passes) of
K048. K049, K051, and K052 were considered (see Table B-5.
Appendix B). Design and operating data from this plant were not
available. However, these treatment data were generated using the
same technology that was used at Plant Q. and the Agency has data
indicating that this technology is well-designed and well-operated
(see Table B-4, Appendix B).
From Plant T, twelve sample sets of data from solvent extraction
treatment (using CF Systems' solvent extraction unit - 3 passes) of
K049, K051, and mixtures of K048-K052 were considered (see Table
B-6, Appendix B). Design and operating data from this plant were
not available. However, these treatment data were generated using
the same technology that was used at Plant Q, and the Agency has
data indicating that this technology is well-designed and well-
operated (see Table B-4, Appendix B).
From Plant A, six sample sets of data from incineration treatment
(using a fluidized-bed incinerator) of a K048 and K051 mixture were
considered (see Table B-l, Appendix B). Design and operating data
for this unit are shown in Table B-2. Based on these data, the
Agency believes the incinerator was well-designed, and well-operated
during the treatment test.
From Plant BB, twenty sample sets of data from solvent extraction
treatment (using CF Systems' full-scale solvent extraction umt) of
mixed K048-K052 were considered (see Table C-l, Appendix C).
Design and operating data from this plant are not available.
However, these treatment data were generated using the same
technology that was used at Plant Q, and the Agency has data
indicating that this technology is well-designed and well-operated
(see Table B-4, Appendix B).
From Plant CC, five sets of data from high temperature thermal
distillation treatment (using Southdown Thermal Dynamic's (TDI)
high temperature thermal distillation unit) of simulated K051 were
considered (see Table C-2, Appendix C). Design and operating data
are shown in Table C-3. Based on these data, the Agency believes
that the system was well-designed and well-operated.
From Plant DD, three sets of treatment performance data (from
TDI's high temperature thermal distillation unit) for K048, K049,
and K051 were considered (shown in Appendix C, Table C-4).
Design and operating data from this plant are not available.
-------
However, these treatment data were generated using the same
technology that was used as Plant CC, and the Agency has data
indicating that this technology is well-designed and well-operated
(see Table C-3).
These treatment performance data are compiled in Tables 4-1 through 4-14 at the end of
this section.
The Agency also received data from three commenters that were excluded
from consideration in the treatment performance data pool for nonwastewater forms of
F037 and F038, as described below:
• From Plant AA, PERF (Petroleum Environmental Research Forum)
bench-scale data of batch and semi-continuous bioslurry processes
(see Table D-l, Appendix D).
• From Plant EE, USPCI bench-scale data of chemical oxidation
followed by stabilization (see Table D-2, Appendix D).
• From Plant FF, RETEC Remediation Technologies' combination of
treatability study, pilot-scale study, and full-scale evaluation data
from bioslurry processes (see Table D-3, Appendix D). Some of
these data constitute a resubmittal of the PERF bioslurry data.
The Agency's reasons for rejection of these three submittals are discussed in
Appendix D.
42 Treatment Performance Database for Organics in Wastewaters
EPA has transferred treatment performance data for organics in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 from the multi-source leachate F039 treatment
performance database. As previously discussed, the Agency believes that F037 and F038
belong to the K048-K052 waste treatability group. The treatment standards for organics
in wastewater forms of K048-K052 were amended by the transfer of treatment
NRJ/YW-049
1009-01.nrj
4-3
-------
performance data from F039. Treatment performance data were transferred on a
constituen:-by-constituent basis.
Table 4-15 presents a key to the database sources used to collect the
treatment performance data and Table 4-16 presents a key to the treatment technologies
reported in the treatment performance data. The treatment performance data available
for the development of treatment standards for organics in wastewater forms of F037 and
F038 are presented in Tables 4-17 to 4-36.
4.3 Treatment Performance Database for Metals in Nonwastewaters
The Agency is transferring treatment performance data for metals in
nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 from the treatment performance data for metals
in nonwastewater forms of K048-KQ52. Treatment performance data were transferred on
a constituent-by-constituent basis.
The treatment performance data available to develop treatment standards
for metals in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 are listed below:
• From Plant R, two sample sets of data from stabilization of solvent
extraction residuals generated from BP America's multi-cycle solvent
extraction unit from treatment of a K049 and K051 mixture
(unknown mixture of commercially available binders), as shown in
Table 4-37. Design and operating data from Plant R were not
available; however, the Agency has no reason to believe that the
stabilization process used to generate these data was not well-
designed and well-operated;
• From Plant U, nine sample sets of data from stabilization of
fluidized-bed incinerator ash generated from Amoco's Whiting, IN
fluidized-bed incinerator from treatment of a 50:50 mixture of K048
and K051 (nine treated with a lime/fly ash binder and four treated
with a lime/fly ash/C/F binder), as shown in Table 4-38. Design
and operating data from Plant U were not available, however, the
N'RJ/NW-049
1009-01 nr)
4-4
-------
Agency has no reason to believe chat the stabilization process used
to generate these data was not weli-destgned and well-operated;
From Plant X, four sample sets of data from stabilization of solvent
extraction residuals generated from BP America's multi-cycle solvent
extraction unit from treatment of a K048-K052 mixture (unknown
mixture of commercially available binders), as shown in Table 4-39.
Available design and operating parameters for the stabilization
process at Plant X are shown in Table 4-40. Based on these data,
the Agency believes that the stabilization process at Plant X was
well-designed and well-operated: and
From Plant I, nine sample sets of data from stabilization of
fluidized-bed incinerator ash generated from Amoco's Whiting. IN
fluidized-bed incinerator from treatment of a K048 and K051
mixture (three treated with cement binder, three treated with a kiln
dust binder, and three treated with lime and fly ash binder), as
shown in Table 4-41, Available design and operating parameters for
the stabilization process at Plant I are shown in Table 4-42. Based
on these data, the Agency believes the stabilization process at Plant
I was well-designed and well-operated.
' 4,4 Treatment Performance Database for Metals in Wastewaters
The Agency is transferring treatment performance data for metals in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 from the treatment performance data for metals in
wastewater forms of K048-K052, Treatment performance data were transferred on a
constiruent-by-constituent basis.
The treatment performance database for metal constituents in wastewater
forms of K048 and K051 was based on data from treatment of K062 and metal-bearing
characteristic wastes by chromium reduction, followed by lime and sulfide precipitation
and vacuum filtration. These performance data are presented in the Envirite Onsite
Engineering Report (9).
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.nq 4-5
-------
4.5 Treatment Performance Database for Cvanide in Nonwastewaters and
Wastewaters
The Agency is transferring treatment performance data for cyanide in
nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038 from the treatment performance
data for cyanide in nonwastewater and wastewater forms of K.048-K052.
Treatment performance data for cyanide in nonwastewaters are available
from the EPA-conducted test of fluidized-bed incineration of K048 and K051 at Plant A.
Treatment performance data for cyanide in wastewaters are taken from a test of
fluidized-bed incineration of K048 at Plant A. These data are shown in Tables 4-43 and
4-44. Available design and operating parameters from incineration at Plant A are shown
in Table 4-45.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 nr^
4-6
-------
Table 4-1
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Anthracene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration in
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
0
1
K048/K051
<1.36
<0 33
NA
t'FS-5 pass/Centrifugal inn
2
K048/K051
<1.28
<0.33
NA
C'FS-5 pass/Cenlrifugalion
3
K048/K051
3.4
<0.33
99.0
CFS-5 pass/t'enirifugalion
4
K048/K051
< 1.36
<0.33
NA
CFS-5 pass/CcntrilugalHin
R
1
K048
<4<)
1 5
<96
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
<200
78
<96.1
CFS-3 pass
3
K049
<13
NA
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
7.6
<77.0
CFS-3 pass
T
2
K05I
667
1(1
98.5
CFS 3 pass
4
K048-K052
86
18
79.1
(..'FS-3 pass
5
K048-K052
144
14
90.3
C FS-3 pass
6
K048-K052
351
10.2
97.1
CFS-3 pass
7
K048 K052
254
13
949
C FS-3 pass
8
K048-K052
143
13
90.9
CFS 3 pass
NHI/NW IM'J
-------
Table 4-1
(Continued)
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Concentration in
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(rag/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
RH
1
K048-K052
<33.7
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraclion
2
K048-K052
<33.7
<2.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<33.7
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extract ion
4
K048-KU52
<33.7
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
<33.7
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
KD48-K052
<33.7
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.7
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052 .
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.7
<0.8
NA
Solvent Extraction
II
KO48-K052
<33.7
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
13
K.048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraclion
16
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraclion
17
K048 K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<33.7
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
<33.7
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K0S1
<9.8
<0.1
NA
H1TD 5
2
Simulated K051
<9,8
<0.099
NA
HITD'i
3
Simulated KQ51
<10
0.6
>94
H IT!) 5
4
Simulated K05I
<9.6
<0.099
NA
irrro-.s
5
Simulated K05I
<10
<0,1
NA
I1TTD 5
DD
I
K048
38
<0.33
>99,1
HTTD-5
2
K049
<150
<0.33
NA
HTTD-5
3
K051
31
<0.43
>98.6
irri D 5
(TS - CP System's solvent extraction
I1TTD-5 = High temperature (hernial distillation
NA - Not applicable
N1U/NW IM'J
IIKW lilt * mj
-------
Table 4-2
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Benzene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration In
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waate Type
(rag/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
<14/<14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
<14/< 14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
c 14/< 14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
<14/<14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
<14/< 14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed liicinciatioii
6
K048/K051
<14/<14
<2
NA
Fluidized Bed Incineration
0
1
K048/K051
8.5
0.22
97.4
CFS-5 pass/Ccntrifugation
2
K048/K051
12
009
99.3
CFS 5 pass/Centrifugathm
3
K048/K.051
18
0.13
99.3
CFS-5 pass/CentrilugatiiMi
4
K048/KQ51
9.2
0.1
98.9
CT"S-5 puss/Cenliifugalioii
R
1
K048
<1.0
<0 65
NA
CFS 3 pass
2
K05I
120
<1.0
>99.2
CFS-3 pass
3
K049 •
100
<5.0
>95
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<5.0
<0,5
NA
CFS-.3 pass
T
1
K051
5.6
0.29
94.8
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
370
0.05
99.99
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
133.7
0.09
99.9
CF-S 3 pass
8
K048-K052
12
<0,1
>99.2
C FS-3 pass
9
Kim
5.1
0.06
98.8
CF"S-3 pass
10
K048-K052
9.6
<0.1
>99 0
CFS-3 pass
11
K048-K052
13.7
<2.0
>85.4
CFS-3 pass
12
K048-K052
5,1
<0 1
>98.0
(T*S \ pass
NRJ/NW-4HM
-------
Table 4-2
(Continued)
4»-
i
©
*
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Concentration Id
Treated Waste
,
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048K052
<33.8
<0.6
NA
Solvent Extract ion
2
K048 K052
<33.8
<13
NA
Solvent Ext raction
3
K048-KA52
<33.8
<0.6
NA
Solvcnl F.xt rat i ion
4
K048 K052
<33.8
<0.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-KU52
<338
<0.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.8
<0.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<33.8
<0.6
NA
Solvcnl Extraction
8
KM8-K052
<33.8
0.15
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
<33.8
<06
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.8
<0,6
NA
Solvent Extraction
11
K048K052
<33.8
< 12 5
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K()99.9
HIT I) 5
2
Simulated K051
216
<0.005
>99.9
IITTD-5
3
Simulated K051
200
<0.005
>99.9
H'lTlM
4
Simulated K051
168
0.16
99.9
iirrr) 5
5
Simulated K05I
193
<0.005
>99,<>
u rn) 5
DD
,
K048
38
<0.62
>«;8.4
u rn) s
2
K049
51
<0.62
> VH.K
linns
3
K051
< 1.8
<0.81
NA
u rn) s
CI'S - CF System's solvent extraction
H ITD 5 High temperature thermal distillation
NA Not applicable
Mi l/NW
-------
Table 4-3
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Benzo(a)anthracene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
1
Concentration In
Concentration In
IJilraitcd Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Typ«
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
,
K048/K05I
<20/29
<0.2
NA/>99.3
Pluidizcd Bud incineration
2
K048/K051
<20/25
<0.2
NA/>99.2
l-~luidi/ed Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
<20/22
<0.2
N A/99.1
Muidi/ed Bed Incincralion
4
K048/K05)
<20/23
<0.2
NA/99.1
lluidized Bed Ineineraiion
5
K048/K051
<20/24
<0.2
NA/99.2
Fluidized Bed Ineineraiion
6
K048/K051
<20/25
<0.2
NA/99,2
l*'luidi/ed Bed Incineralion
Q
1
K048/K051
<1.36
<0.33
NA
C'FS-5 pasx/Ccntrifugalioii
2
K048/K05I
6.2
<0.33
>94.7
CPS-5 pass/Centrifugal ion
3
K048/K051
6.8
<0,33
>95.1
C'FS-5 paNs/Ceiilrilugahon
4
K048/KU51
6.7
<0.33
>95.1
(TV !> pass/Ceiilrilu^alioii
R
I
K048
<40
16
<96.0
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
<200
7.2
<%.4
C'FS-3 pass
3
K049
< 190
<1.3
NA
ITS- 5 pass
4
K052
<33
6.8
< 79.4
(T'S-3 pass
Nlil/NW IM'J
-------
Table 4-3
(Continued)
t
r3
Concentration in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste "IVpe
(mg/kg)
("i/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
,
K048-K052
< 33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
2
KG48-K052
<33.3
<2.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
KIM8-K052
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048 K052
<33.3
< 5
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<33.3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.3
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
y
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
It)
K048-K052
<33.3
<0.8
NA
Solvent Extraction
11
K048K052
<33.3
< 1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extract ion
16
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
<33.3
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K051
<9.8
<01
NA
HTTD-.S
2
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.099
NA
IITTD-5
3
Simulated K05I
<10
0.34
>66
H ITL) 5
4
Simulated KOSI
<9.6
<0.099
NA
urn >-5
5
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
»n to s
DD
1
K048
36
0.2
>99 4
iirrD-s
2.
KQ49
<150
< 0.33
NA
UTTD-S
3
K051
54
<0.43
> 99.2
11 I II) 5
CI S - L'F .System's solvent extrat linn
III I I) S High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NRJ/NW (HV
imrf liK iiij
-------
Table 4-4
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Benzo(a)pyrene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration la
Concentration la
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/lcg)
(mf/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
0
1
K048/K05I
3.5
<0.33
>90.6
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugal ion
2
K048/K051
2.3
<0.33
>85.7
CF5-5 pass/Centrifugation
3
K048/K051
<2.72
<0.33
NA
C'FS-5 pass/Centnlugatioii
4
K048/K051
2.4
<0.33
>86.3
CFS-5 pass/Centrifugation
R
1
K051
<40
1.7
>95.8
CPS 3 pass
2
K051
<200
4.3
<97.9
CFS-3 pass
3
K049
<190
<13
NA
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
3.9
<88.2
CFS-3 pass
BB
1
K048-K052
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
<33.3
<2,6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-KQ52
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraclion
4
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraclion
5
K048- K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048 K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extract ion
7
K048-K052
<33.3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048 K052
<33.3
A
1
NA
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.3
<0.8
NA
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
<33.3
A
i
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
KG48-KQ52
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
14
K048 K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvenl Extraction
15
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-KQ52
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
17
K048 K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048 K052
<33.3
. <2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048 K052
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvenl Extiaction
20
K048-K052
<33 3
<6 7
NA
Solvent Extraction
WU/NW4M'/
tit**; ill/ nr.
-------
Table 4-4
(Continued)
Concentration in
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(m«/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
ec
1
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.1
NA
HTTD-5
2
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.099
NA
nrru 5
3
Simulated K05I
<10
<0.1
NA
H'ITD-5
4
Simulated K05I
<9.6
<0.099
NA
HTTD-5
5
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
HTTD-5
DD
1
K048
<99
0.13
>99.9
H'lTIM
2
K049
<150
<0.33
NA
IITTI) 5
3
K051
<57
<0.43
NA
IITTI) S
4^
C'FS - CI* Syslcin's solvent extraction
H'lTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - No! applicable
NIU/NW-IM'J
lllirMIK ihj
-------
Table 4-5
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in
Nonwastewater Forms of KU48-K052
Concentration in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
<20/28
<10
NA/>96,4
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
2
K048/KA51
<20/<20
<10
NA/NA
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
3
K048/KU51
<20/30
<1.0
NA/ > 96.7
FluidLzed Bed Incineration
4
K048/KQ5I
59/26
<1.0
>98.3/>96.2
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
5
KO48/K051
21/28
<1.0
>95.2/>96.4
Fluidked Bed Incineration
6
K048/K051
<20/<20
<1.0
NA/NA
Fluidi/cd Bed Incineration
Q
1
K04S/K051
<1.36
<0.33
NA
CFS-5 pass/CCentrifugal ion
2
K048/K051
<1.28
<0 33
NA
CPS-5 pass/Ccnlrifugation
3
K048/K051
<2.72
<0 33
NA
CFS-5 pass/Ceniiilugainiii
4
K048/K051
<1.36
<0.33
NA
CFS-5 pass/Cenlritugalion
R
I
K048
<40
<().'/>
NA
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
<200
2.61
<98.7
CI-S-3 pass
3
K049
<1"0
<1.3
NA
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
2.5
<92.4
CFS-3 pass
T
1
K051
<5.4
025
<95 4
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
17.8
1.12
93.7
CFS-3 pass
NKI/NW (H'f
-------
Table 4-5
(Continued)
.
Concentration In
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(nig/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048-K052
<33.3
3.3
>90.1
Solvenl Extraction
2
K048K052
<33.3
<2.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvenl Extraction
5
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvenl Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvenl Extract ion
7
K048-K052
<33.3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.3
< 1.98
NA
Solvenl Extraction
9
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
II)
K048-K052
<33.3
<0.8
NA
Solvent Extraction
II
K048-K052
90.4
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.3
29
>91.3
Solvent Extiaclion
19
K048-KD52
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
20
KO48-K052
<33.3
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.1
NA
H'ITD-5
2
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.099
NA
H ITD 5
3
Simulated K051
<10
<0 1
NA
H'ITD-5
4
Simulated K051
<9.6
<0.099
NA
1ITTD-5
5
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
H i l l) 5
DD
1
K048
<99
<0.33
NA
IITTD 5
2
K049
<150
<(1.33
NA
nrri) 5
3
K05I
80
<0.43
> 99.5
IITTD 5
CFS - C'T System's solvent extraction
HTTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NRJ/NW.IU';
I lull) III/".,,.
-------
Table 4-6
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Chrysene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration in
Concentration la
Uatreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
22/46
<0.2
> 99.1 / > 99.6
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
<20/47
<0.2
NA/>99.6
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
21/45
<0.2
>99.0/>99.6
Fluidi/.ed Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
<20/48
<0.2
NA/>99.6
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
22/47
<0.2
>99.1/>99.6
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
6
K048/K051
<20/51
<0.2
NA/ > 99.6
Fluidized Bed Incineralion
0
1
K048/K051
11.6
0.42
96.4
CFS-5 p:r s/Centiilugalioii
2
K048/K051
12.2
<0.33
>97.3
CFS-5 pass/Centrifugal ion
3
K048/K051
11.9
<0.33
>97.2
CFS-5 pass/Cenlrilugalion
4
K048/K051
9.4
<0.33
>96.5
CFS 5 pass/Centrifugal ion
R
,
K048
<40
2.3
<94.3
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
<200
5.2
<97.4
CFS-3 pass
3
K049
<190
<1.3
NA
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
4.8
<85.5
CFS-3 pass
T
3
K048-K052
17.7
0.28
984
CFS-3 pass
NKJ/NW-IM')
-------
Table 4-6
(Continued)
i
00
Concentration in
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(rog/kg)
(mg/ltg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048-K052
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
<33.3
<2.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<33.3
<8 3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<33 3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.3
X
V
NA
Solvent Extraction
y
K048K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.3
<0 8
NA
Solvent Extraction
ii
K048-K052
<33.3
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
n
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extiaction
17
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
21)
K048-K052
<33.3
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.1
NA
H'ITD-5
2
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.099
NA
II1TD-5
3
Simulated K0S1
<10
0.5
<95
1 IITf) 5
4
Simulated KU51
<9.6
<0.099
NA
H'ITD-5
5
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
HTTI3 5
DD
,
K048
45
<0.33
>99.3
11TTL) 5
2 .
K049
< 15C
<0.33
NA
irrro-5
3
K05I
41
<0.43
>99
IITTD-5
I I S = CF System's solvent extraction
IHTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NIU/NW-IH'J
IIMI'MIII iim
-------
Table 4-7
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Di-n-butyl Phthalate in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
•
Concentration In
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
67/150
<1.0
>98.5/>99.3
Fluidized Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
74/73
<1.0
>98.6/>98.6
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
160/200
<1.0
>99.4/ >99.5
Fluidized Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
190/170
<1.0
>99 5/>99.4
Fluidized Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
74/230
<1.0
>98.6/>99.6
Fluidized Bed Incineration
6
K048/K051
130/43
<1.0
>99.2/>97.7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
0
1
K048/KD51
<1.36
<0.33
NA
CFS-5 pass/C'enlrifugation
2
K048/K051
<1.28
<0.33
NA
('FS-5 pass/C'enlrifugation
3
K048/K0S1
<2.72
<0.33
NA
CFS-5 pass/Cenlrifugation
4
K048/KD51
<1.36
<0 33
NA
t'FS-5 pass/C'enlrifugation
R
1
K048
<40
<0.99
NA
C'FS-3 pass
2
K051
<200
<13
NA
C'FS-3 pass
3
K049
<190
<13
NA
C'FS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
<2.2
NA
CFS-3 pass
T
1
K051
<5 4
0.25
<95.4
CFS-3 pass
NK.I/NW (HV
-------
Table 4-7
(Continued)
-p-
N>
O
Concentration in
Concentration In
*
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basil*
BB
1
K048-K052
<33.3
3.3
>90.1
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
<33.3
<2.6
NA
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<33.3
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
<33.3
2
>94
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<33.3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.3
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.3
<0.8
NA
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
<33.3
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
<33 3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
1.1
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
<33 3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvent Extiaction
2(1
K048-K052
<33.3
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.1
NA
IITTD 5
2
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.099
NA
111TD-5
3
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
IIITl) 5
4
Simulated K051
<9.6
<0.099
NA
H1TD-5
5
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
IITTD 5
DD
1
K048
<99
<033
NA
HTTD-5
2
K049
<150
<0.33
NA
H'lTD 5
3
K05I
<57
<0 43
NA
IIITD-5
I'l^S = CP System's solvent extraction
II1TL) S - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NIU/NW-IM'I
HKI'MlK it i j
-------
Table 4-8
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Ethylbenzene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
1 ' ' "
Concentration in
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
DaU Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
46/48
<2
>95.7/ >95.8
Fluidized Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
120/46
<2
>98.3/>95.7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
33/52
<2
>93.9/>96.2
Fluidized Bed Incineration
1
4
K048/KD51
<14/50
<2
NA/>96.0
Fluidized Bed Incineration
1
5
K048/K051
41/49
<2
> 95.1 / >*>5.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
1
6
K048/K051
49/52
<2
>95.9/>96.2
Fluidized Bed Incineration
1 0
1
K048/K051
37
0.06
99.8
CFS-5 pass/Ccntrifugation
2
K048/K051
30
<0.05
>99.8
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugation
3
K048/K051
64
<0.05
> 99.9
CFS-5 pass/Centrifugation
4
K048/K051
2S
<0.05
>99.8
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugal ion
R
1
K048
<1.0
<0.65
NA
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
150
<10
>99.3
CI* 3 pass
3
K049
160
<5 0
>96.9
( T "S 3 pass
4
K052
8.6
v. 0.5
>94.2
CFS-3 pass
T
2
K051
<0.3
0.06
<80
(.'FS-3 pass
4
K048-K052
0.5
, <0.1
>80
(T"S-3 pass
6
K048-K052
0.6
<0.01
>98.3
CT"S 3 pass
8
K048-K052
21
<0.1
>99.5
(IP'S 1 pass
9
K049
67
13
80.6
CFS-3 pass
10
K048-K052
13
<0.1
>99.2
('FS-3 pass
11
K048-K052
20.2
<0.1
>99.5
CFS-3 pass
12
K048-K052
13
<0.1
>99 2
CFS-3 pass
NRJ/NW-IHV
-------
Table 4-8
(Continued)
Concentration In
Concentration In
•
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Dala Source
Sample Set
Waste 1>pe
(mg/kg)
(nag/kg)
% Removed
Technology Biuu
BB
1
K048-K052
136.7
1.1
99.2
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
136.7
2.6
98.1
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
136.7
1.1
99.2
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K0S2
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
136 7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
8
K.048-K052
136.7
2.9
97.9
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
It
K048-K052
136.7
<0.625
>99 5
Solvent Extraction
12
K048 K052
1367
<0.6
>996
Solvent Extract ion
13
K048-K052
136.7
<0 6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
1367
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
136.7
<0 6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
1367
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
136.7
<0.6
>99.6
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
1367
<0.6
> 99.6
Solvent Extraction
IV
KQ48-K052
136.7
<0.6
> 99.6
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
136.7
1.2
99.1
Solvent Extraction
CL
,
Simulated K051
219
<0.005
>99.9
u rn) 5
2
Simulated K051
239
<0.005
>99.9
IITTO-5
3
Simulated K051
175
<0.005
>999
HTTD-5
4
Simulated K051
168
<0.005
>99.9
HTTD-5
|
5
Simulated K051
160
<0.005
>99.9
HTTD-5
8 D°
1
K048
93
<0.62
>99.3
H'lTD-5
i
2
K049
150
<0 62
>99.6
HTTD-5
3
K051
39
<0.81
>97.9
IIT1D 5
C'FS = CF System's solvent extraction
HTTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NIll/NW CM')
Idd-MIK itij
-------
Table 4-9
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Naphthalene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
1410/160
<0.2
>99.8/>99.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
2
K048/KO51
100/160
<0.2
>99.8/ >99.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
110/150
<0.2
>99.8/ >99.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
93/150
<0.2
>99.8/>99.9
Fluidi/ed Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
94/160
<0.2
>99.8/>99.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
6
KD48/KD51
98/170
<0.2
>99.8/>99.9
Fluidized Bed Incineration
0
,
K048/K051
54
0.38
99,3
CFS 5 pass/Centrifugation
2
K048/K051
44
<0.33
>99.3
CFS-.5 pass/Centrifugation
3
K048/K051
41.6
<0.33
> 99.2
CT"S 5 pass/Centiifugalion
4
K048/K051
51.5
<0.33
>99.4
CPS 5 pass/Centrifugation
R
1
K048
<40
3
<92.5
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
550
15
97.3
CFS-3 pass
3
K<149
<340
1,8
<99,5
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
14
< 57.6
CFS-3 pass
T
,
K051
15.8
0.3
98 1
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
431
<0.28
>99.9
CF'S-3 pijss
9
K049
50
01
99.8
CFS-3 pass
12
K048-K052
18.6
0.2
98.9
CFS-3 |>ass
NKl/NW -IM"»
-------
Table 4-9
(Continued)
¦p-
i
N>
Concentratlun in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(nog/kg)
% Removed
Technology Rastis
BB
1
K048-K.052
416.7
<8.3
>98
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
3
K048K052
416.7
<8.3
>98
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
416.7
10
97.6
Solvent Extract ion
7
K048-K0S2
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
416.7
9.9
97.6
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
416.7
7.6
98.2
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
416.7
29
99.3
Solvent Extraction
II
K048-K052
416.7
<198
99.5
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
416.7
46
98.9
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
416.7
55
987
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
416.7
5.4
98.7
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
416.7
4.2
99
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
416.7
3.7
99 1
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
416.7
2.9
99.3
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
416.7
<2
99.5
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
416.7
12
97.1
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
K048K052
66.3
<0 1
>99.8
irrm-5
2
K048-K052
71.9
<0.099
>99.9
IITTD-5
3
K048-K052
59.5
051
99.1
IITTD-5
4
K048 K052
81.7
0.34
99.6
HTTD-5
5
K048-K.052
65.5
<0.1
99.8
HTTD-5
DD
1
K048
550
0.25
99.9
111 I D 5
2
K049
770
<0.33
99.9
HIT!) 5
3
K051
660
<0.43
99.9
IITTD-5
CFS = CF System's solvent extraction
IITTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA = Not applicable
NKJ/NW-Wy
|l*« OK nil
-------
Table 4-10
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Phenanthrene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
• ,
Concentration In
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
85/120
<0.2
>99.8/ >99.8
Fluidked Red Incineration
2
K048/K051
79/120
<0 2
>99.7/>99.8
Fluidi/etl Red Incineration
3
K048/K051
84/110
<0,2
>99.8/>99.8
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
4
K048/K.051
77/120
<0 2
>99.7/>99.8
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
83/120
<0.2
>99.8/>99.8
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
ft
K048/K051
86/120
<0.2
>99.8/>99.8
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
0
1
K048/K051
42.4
0.46
98.9
CFS-5 pas.s/Cenlrifugatioii
2
K048/K05I
43.8
0.4
99.1
CFS-5 pass/Cenlrifugation
3
K048/K05I
54.3
<0,33
>99.4
CFS-5 pass/Centrifugatioii
4
K048/K051
37.7
0,35
99.1
CFS-5 pass/Cenlriiugatiou
R
I
K048
<40
4.7
<88.3
C'FS-3 pass
2
K051
540
25
95.4
CFS-3 pass
3
K049
<190
1.8
<99.1
CFS 3 pass
4
K052
95
24
74.7
C'FS-3 pass
T
1
K05I
9.8
0.38
96.1
CFS-3 pass
2
K051
1,360
12
99.1
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
205
026
99.9
CFS-3 pass
4
K.O48-K052
94
9.6
89.8
CFS-3 pass
6
K048-KO52
52
2,6
95
CFS-3 pass
8
K048-K052
56
<1.0
>98.2
( FS 3 pass
9
K049
20
0.16
99.2
CI* 3 pass
12
K048 K052
18.6
<0.2
>98.9
Cl-S 3 pass
NRJ/NW
•i
-------
Table 4-10
(Continued)
Concentration in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(rag/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048-K052
323.3
<8.3
>97.4
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
323.3
17
94.7
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
323.3
<8.3
>97.4
Sulvcnt Extraction
4
K048-K052
323.3
25
92.3
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
323.3
25
92.3
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-KD52
323.3
24
92.6
Solvent Extraction
7
K048K0S2
323.3
29
91
Sulvcnt Extraction
8
K048K052
323.3
28
91.3
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
323.3
14
95.7
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
323.3
7.3
97.7
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
323.3
28
91.3
Solvent Extraction
12
K048 K052
323.3
13
%
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
323.3
14
95,7
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
323.3
12
96.3
Solvent Extraction
15
IO48-K052
323.3
11
96.6
Solvent Extract ion
1ft
K048 K052
323.3
8.4
974
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
323.3
10
96.9
Solvent Extraction
18
K048 K052
323.3
3.9
988
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
323.3
19
94 1
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
323.3
19
94 1
Solve ill Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K0S1
27.7
<0.1
>99.6
HTTD-5
2
Simulated K051
34,6
<0.099
>99.7
HTTD-5
3
Simulated K051
23.5
2.1
91,1
HTTD 5
4
Simulated K051
34.0
0.28
99.2
HTTD-5
5
Simulated K051
24.7
<0.1
>99.6
HUD 5
DD
1
K048
320
0.36
99.9
IITTD-5
2
K049
150 ,
<0.33
>99.8
HTTD-5
3
K051
590
<0.43
>99.9
HTTD-5
el's = CF System's solvent extraction
HTTD-5 = High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Nut applicable
NRJ/NW 049
M»W (III ni|
-------
Table 4-11
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Phenol in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Conceotratlon in
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(nig/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
0
1
K048/K051
5.2
1.1
78.8
CFS-5 pa.ss/Ccnlrifugalion
2
K048/K.051
2.1
1.2
42.9
CKS-5 pass/L'enlrilugation
3
K048/K051
<2.72
1.8
<33.8
CRS-5 pass/Ccatfifugalion
4
K048/K051
9.4
0.74
92.1
CFS-5 pavs/Cenlrifugalion
R
1
K048
<40
<0.99
NA
CFS-3 pass
2
K.049
<200
<1.3
NA
('FS-3 pass
3
K051
<190
<1.3
NA
( .'FS-3 pass
4
K052
<33
<2.2
NA
CFS-3 pass
BB
1
K048-K052
<33.3
33
>90.1
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
<33 3
3.5
>89 5
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<33.3
<8 3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
<33.3
<5
NA
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<33.3
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<33.3
<3.96
NA
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<33.3
1.3
>96.1
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
<33.3
<3 96
NA
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
<33.3
2.7
>91.9
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
<33.3
3.2
>90.4
Solvent Extiaction
14
K048-K052
<33.3
3
>91
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K.052
<33 3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
<33.3
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
17
K04#-K052
<33.3
2.6
>92.2
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<33.3
24
>92.8
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<33.3
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
<33.3
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
NRJ/NW IW>
-------
Table 4-11
(Continued)
Concentration in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(«*/««>
% Removed
Technology Basis
ec
1
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.1
NA
HTTD-5
2
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.099
NA
H'ITD-5
3
Simulated K051
<10
<0.1
NA
HTTD-5
4
Simulated K05I
<9.6
<0.099
NA
H1TD-5
5
Simulated K051
< 10
<0.1
NA
H'lTD 5
DD
,
K048
<99
<0.33
NA
H'ITD-5
2
10)49
<150
<0.33
NA
H'lT'D-5
3
K051
<57
<0.43
NA
H'ITD-5
i
M
00
CPS - ( F System's solvent esflractkm
H1TD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
MU/NW-IM9
HKW-OIC mj
-------
Table 4-12
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Pyrene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration In
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kD
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K051
35/66
<0.2
>99.4/>99.7
Fluidi/cd Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
31/67
<0.2
>99.4/>99.7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
33/62
<0.2
>99.4/>99,7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
31/74
<0.2
>99.4/>99.7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
34/74
<0.2
>99.4/>99.7
Fluidized Bed Incineration
6
K048/K051
31/67
<0.2
>99.4/>99.7
l-'luidi/ed Bed Incineration
Q
i
K048/K051
13
0.67
94.8
CFX-5 pass/CcnlriJugation
2
K048/KD5!
12.3
<0.33
>97.3
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugalion
3
K048/K051
13.7
<0.33
>97.6
C'FS-5 pass/Cenltifugation
4
K.048/K051
11
0.48
95.6
C'FS-5 pass/Ccntrilugalion
R
I
K048
<40
3.3
<91.8
(.ifS-3 pass
2
K05I
<20(1
14
<93.0
CFS-3 pass
3
K049
<190
1.8
<99.1
CFS-3 pass
4
K052
43
13
69.8
("FS-3 pass
T
1
K051
4.5
0.33
92.7
C1* 3 pass
I
2
K051
<35.0
3
. <91.4
CF>i-3 pass
1
3
K048-K052
3U.4
0.19
99.4
CPS-3 pass
|
4
K048-KG52
<35.0
5.4
<84.6
( FS-3 pass
I
ft
K048 K052
<350
3.7
<98.9
(!FS-3 pass
1
7
K048-K052
38
2.7
92.9
e l 's 3 pass
NIU/NW tMV
-------
Table 4-12
(Continued)
*-
*
o
Concentration Id
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(ing/kg)
(nig/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048-K052
<38.7
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
<38.7
2.9
>92.5
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
<38.7
<8.3
NA
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
<38.7
5 5
>85.8
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-K052
<38.7
5.5
>85.8
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
<38.7
5.1
<86.8
Solvent Extraction
7
K048-K052
<38.7
<3
NA
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
<38.7
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
<38.7
2.9
>92.5
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
<38.7
1.4
>96.4
Solvent Extraction
11
K048-K052
<38.7
<1.98
NA
Solvent Extraction
'
12
K048-K052
<38.7
2.2
>94.3
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
<38 7
2.3
>94 1
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
<38.7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
<38 7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
<38.7
<2
NA .
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
<38.7
• <2
NA
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
<31v7
<2
NA
Solvent Extraction
19
K048-K052
<38.7
<4
NA
Solvent Extraction
20
K048-K052
<38.7
<6.7
NA
Solvent Extraction
c:c:
1
Simulated K05I
<9.8
<0.1
NA
HTTD-5
2
Simulated K051
<9.8
<0.099
NA
IITTI) 5
3
Simulated K051
<10
13
>87
HTTI) 5
4
Simulated K051
<9.6
<0.099
NA
I I ITl) S
5
Simulated K.051
<10
<0.1
NA
n ri D 5
DD
1
K048
65
0 15
99.8
H'ITD-5
2
K049
<150
<0.33
NA
nrrn-5
3
K051
160
<0.43
>99.7
IITTD-5
CFS - ('F System's solvent extraction
H ITL) *) - High temperature. thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NIU/NW-IMV
IIMfMltl ni|
-------
Table 4-13
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Toluene in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
Concentration In
Concentration in
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste l>pe
(ng/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Bash
A
1
K048/K051
120/50
3
97.5/94
Fluidi/cd Bed Incineration
2
K048/K051
22/44
<2
>90.9/>95.5
Huidized Bed Incineiatiou
3
K048/K051
59/42
<2
>96.6/ >95.2
Fluiduxd Bed Incineration
4
K048/K051
28/33
<2
>92.9/>93.9
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
41/34
<2
>95.1/>94.1
Fluidized Bed Inundation
6
K048/K051
34/71
<2
' >94.1/>97.2
Fluidized Bed Incineration
O
1
K048/K051
73
0.94
98.7
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugalioii
2
K048/K051
67
0.37
99.4
CFS-5 pa.ss/Cenlrifugalimi
3
K048/K051
150
0.45
99.7
C'FS-5 pass/Centrifugahon
4
K048/K051
64
0.27
99.6
CFS-5 pass/Ceiitiifugatioii
R
,
K048
<1.0
<0.65
NA
CFS-3 pass
1
2
K051
750
2
99.7
(TS-3 pass
3
KIW9
1,300
<5.0
>«M.6
( FS-3 pass
4
K052
5.7
0.5
91.2
CFS-3 pass
T
K051
28.9
1.46
94.9
( 'FS-3 pass
2
K05I
390
<0.05
>99.99
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
59.4
0.04
99.9
CFS-3 pass
4
K048 K052
0.7
0.1
85.7
CFS-3 pass
8
KQ48-KQ52
11
<0,1
>99.1
( FS-3 pass
9
K049
52
0.44
99.2
CFS-3 pass
10
K048-K052
16
<0.1
>99.4
CFS-3 pass
11
K048-K052
54.4
<0.1
>99.8
('FS 3 pass
12
KO48-K052
52
<0,1
>99.8
(IS 3 pass
NIU/NW-4M''
-------
Table 4-13
(Continued)
4^
i
N)
ConceDtratioa in
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99 7
Solvent Extraction
2
K048-K052
220
<1.3
>99.4
Solvent Extraction
3
K048-K052
220
<06
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
4
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
5
K048-KO52
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
6
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
7
KO48-K052
220
<0 6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
8
K048-K052
220
1.6
>99.3
Solvent Extraction
9
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
10
K048-K052
220
<0 6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
II
K048-K052
220
<0.625
>99 7
Solvent Extraction
12
K048-K052
220
<0 6
>99 7
Solvent Extraction
13
K048-K052
220
<0.6
> 99.7
Solvent Extraction
14
K048-K052
220
<0 6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
15
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
16
K048-K052
220
<.0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
17
K048-K052
220
<06
> 99.7
Solvent Extraction
18
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvcnl Extraction
19
K048-K052
220
<0 6
>99 7
Solvent Exti action
20
K048-K052
220
<0.6
>99.7
Solvent Extraction
CC
1
Simulated K051
465
<0.005
>99.9
IITTD 5
2
Simulated K051
483
<0 005
>99.9
irrrn-.s
3
Simulated K05I
452
0.005
>99.9
HTTO-5
4
Simulated K051
432
0.024
99.9
IITTD 5
5
Simulated K.051
444
<0.005
>99.9
H I'l l) 5
DD
1
K048
230
<0.62
>99 7
I ITTD 5
2
K049
440
<0.62
> 99.9
H ITD 5
3
K051
57
<0.81
>98 6
HJTD-5
C FS = C F System's solvent extraction
IITTD 5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA - Not applicable
NIU/NW
IIMI7 ll|( Ill)
-------
Table 4-14
Industry Performance Data for Treatment of Xylenes in Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052
*
Concentration In
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
(«®l/kg)
(n»«/l<8)
% Removed
Technology Basis
A
1
K048/K05I
120/80
<2
>98.3/>97.5
Fluidi/cd Bed Incincfalion
2
K048/K051
110/71
<2
>98.2/>97.2
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
3
K048/K051
100/73
<2
>98.0/>97 3
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
4
K048/K05I
79/72
5.8
92.7/91.9
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
5
K048/K051
110/71
<2
>98.2/>97 2
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
6
KQ48/K051
<14/83
<2
NA/>97.6
Fluidizcd Bed Incineration
0
1
K048/K05I
150
0 19
99.9
CFS 5 pass/Cenlrilugalion
2
K048/KG51
150
0.09
99.9
CPS 5 pass/Centr ifug.it ion
3
K048/K051
240
009
99.9
('PS-5 p.iss/Cenirihig.ilnin
4
K048/K051
130
0.09
99.9
CPS 5 pass/Cenlrilugation
R
i
K048
<4 1
1.2
<70.7
CFS 3 pass
2
KIWI
880
4.1
99.5
CPS-3 pass
3
K049
1,600
7.9
99.5
CFS 3 pass
4
IC052
* 31
0.5
98.4
CP'S 3 pass
T
1
K051
55.2
3.36
93.9
t'FS-3 pass
2
K051
1,160
0.24
99.98
CFS-3 pass
3
K048-K052
1,066
0.34
99.97
CPS-3 pass
4
K048-KQ52
3.9
0.1
97.4
CPS-3 pass
6
K048-K052
6.9
013
98.1
CP'S 3 pass
7
K048-KQ52
0.9
0.1
88.9
CP'S-3 pass
8
K048-K052
78
<0 1
>99 9
CFS-3 pass
9
K049
71
0.59
99.2
CP'S-.? pass
10
K048-KG52
63
<0.1
>99.8
< 'PS-3 pass
11
K048-K052
75.9
<0.1
>99.9
CFS 3 pass
12
K.048-K052
71
<0.1
>999
CPS-1 pass
NHJ/NW-IU'J
-------
Table 4-14
(Continued)
Concentration In
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
Treated Waate
Data Source
Sample Set
Waste Type
% Removed
Technology Basis
BB
1
KO48-K052
510
4.6
99.1
Solvent
Extraction
2
K048-KO52
510
12
97.6
Solvent
Extraction
3
K048-K052
510
4.6
99.1
Solvent
Extraction
4
K048-K052
510
4.2
99.2
Solvent
Extraction
5
K048-K052
510
4.2
99.2
Solvent
Extraction
6
K048-K052
510
4.2
99.2
Solvent
Extraction
7
K048-K052
510
1.1
99.8
Solvent
Extraction
g
K048-K052
510
8
98.4
Solvent
Extraction
9
K048-K052
510
2.6
99.5
Solvent
Extraction
|
10
K048-K052
510
1.2
99.8
Solvent
Extraction
1
11
K048-K052
510
2.7
995
Solvent
Extraction
!
12
K048-K052
510
2
99.6
Solvent
Extraction
1
13
K048-K052
510
<0.6
<99 9
Solvent
Extraction
14
K048-K052
510 ,
1.5
99.7
Solvent
Extraction
15
K048-K052
510
3
99.4
Solvent
Extraction
16
K048-K052
510
3.3
99.4
Solvent
Extraction
17
K048-K052
510
0.8
998
Solvent
Extraction
18
K048-K052
510
<0.6
>99.9
Solvent
Extraction
19
K048-K052
510
1
99.8
Solvent
Extraction
20
K048-K052
510
6.3
98.8
Solvent
Extraction
cc
,
Simulated K0S1
630
<0.01
>99.9
HTTD-5
. 2
Simulated K051
651
<0.01
>99.9
HTTD 5
3
Simulated K051
608
<0.01
>99.9
HTTD-5
4
Simulated K051
529
<0.01
>99.9
HTTD-5
5
Simulated K0S1
594
<0.01
>99 9
HT1D 5
DD
1
K048
290
<0.62
>99.8
HTTD 5
2
K049
610
<0.62
>99.9
HTTD-5
3
K.051
360
<0.81
>99.8
HTTD 5
CFS - CF System's sulveot extraction
HTTD-5 - High temperature thermal distillation
NA = Not applicable
NRI/NW-04'J
tUOV-OK'nq
-------
Table 4-15
Database Key for Wastewater Organics Data
Code
Database
BDAT
Best Demonstrated Available Technology
EAD
Engineering and Analysis Division
NPDES
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
WAO
Wet Air Oxidation
WERL
Water Engineering Research Laboratory
OCPSF
Organic Chemicals, Plastics, and Synthetic Fibers
LEACHATE
Data Submitted by Industry
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlG.nrj-
4-35
-------
Table 4-16
Key to Treatment Technologies
Code
Technology
AC
Activated Carbon
aff
Aerobic Fixed Film
AL
Aerobic Lagoons
API
API Oil/Water Separator
AS
Activated Sludge
AirS
Air Stripping
AnFF
Anaerobic Fixed Film
BGAC
Biological Granular Activated Carbon
BT
Biological Treatment
CAC
Chemically Assisted Clarification
ChOx
Chemical Oxidation
Chred
Chemical Reduction
DAF
Dissolved Air Flotation
Fil
Filtration
GAC
Granular Activated Carbon
KPEG
Dechlorination Using an Alkoxide
LL
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
PACT®
Powdered Activated Carbon Addition to Activated Sludge
RBC
Rotating Biological Contactors
RO
Reverse Osmosis
SCOx
Super Critical Oxidation
SExt
Solvent Extraction
ss
Steam Stripping
TF
Trickling Filter |
NTRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.IU1
4-36
-------
Table 4-16
(Continued)
Code
Technology
UF
Ultrafiltration
UV
Ultraviolet Radiation
WOx
!
Wet Air Oxidation
" + " Indicates that the first process uxut is followed in the process train by the
second, i.e., AS + Fil - Activated Sludge followed by Filtration.
" w + " Indicates that the two units are used together, i.e., UFwPAC -
Ultrafiltration using Powdered Activated Carbon.
" [B]" Indicates batch instead of continuous flow.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.ni}
4-37
-------
Table 4-17
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Acenaphthene
Technology
Tecbaoloo
Scale
Facility
Detection
Limit (ppb)
Range of
Influent
Concentrations
(PPfc)
No. of
Data
Points
Average
Eflhol
Concentration
(PI*)
Removal
(%>
Reference
AS
Full
975B
NR
0-100
NR
4 800
77
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
3
1.200
1000000
1
2200.000
99.96
WERL
'Data used to developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Cnr]
4-38
-------
Table 4-18
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Anthracene
Ttchaotnc
Tchuilogj
Scale
FadSty
DetectioB
(ppfc)
Rmage of
laftMBt
Coaecatratieai
No. of
Data
Points
A*er*ge
EHhaii
Coaecatraooa
tppb)
Removal
(*)
Rrfermce
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
14
10.000
96.6
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
13.000
82
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
8
0.900
974
WERL
AS-FU
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
10.000
99.52
WERL
fu
Full
792E
NR
0-100
3
1.000
97.2
WERL
BT
Full
1293
10
418-943
15
10.000
N'R
EAD*
TF
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
17.000
92.1
WERL
'Data used in developing standard
NR. = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009451C.ni]
4-39
-------
Table 4-19
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Benzene
Technology
Techootag;
Scale
FariBty
Detectioo
liait
<«*»
Range of
Iafinest
Caaeensratiaoc
(PPM
No. of
Data
Paints
Avenge
Effluent
Conctntrttisa
(m*j
Recovery
(%)
Removal
(*)
Reference
AL
Bench
371D
NR
1000-10000
NR
60.000
NR
98
WERL
AL
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
2
10.000
NR
98.9
WERL
AL
Full
IB
NR.
100-1000
6
10.000
NR
94.4
WERL
AL
Full
-6B
NR
100-1000
¦5
10.000
NR
92.3
WERL
Al-AS
Full
23 3D
NR
lOOQO-lQOOOO
21
13.000
NR
99.9
WERL
API*DAJF
~ AS
Full
1482D
NR
1000-10000
4
3.700
NR
99%
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
7
10.000
NR
98.8
WERL
AS
Bench
200B
NR
100-1000
16
0.800
NR
99.3
WERL
AS
Bench
200B
NR
100-1000
8
1.000
NR
99.83
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
2.00
NR
99
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
22
30.000
NR
91.7
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1(300
6
1.000
NR
99SS
WfRL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
14
10.000
NR
95.7
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
NR
95.6
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
2.000
NR
98.9
WERL
AS
Bench
202D
NR
100000-1000000
NR
40.000
NR
99.97
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
10.000
NR
90.09
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
27
11.000
NR
998
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
1000-1000
3
10.000
NR
99.71
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
0-100
28
10.000
NR
89.6
WERL
AS
Bencb
2jOOB
NR
0-100
16
0500
NR
978
WERL
AS
' Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
15
10.000
NR
99.97
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
100-1000
NR
0.600
NR
99.83
WERL
AS
Full
201B
NR
0-100
10
6.000
NR
81
WERL
AS
Full
IB .
NR
0-100
6
16.000
NR
&4
WERL
AS
Filoi
206B
NR
0-100
20
0 200
NR
99.73
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0.700
NR
91.4
WERL
NTU/NW-049
1009-OICbij
4-40
-------
Table 4-19
(Continued)
Techaotoff
Technology
Scale
Facility
Detection
(ppt>)
Rang* of
IsfltNBt
Concentrations
(ppfa)
No, of
Data
Fowls
Avenge
EflfeMBt
Concentration
(ppb)
Racarcry
<*>
Raonl
m
Reference
AS*FJI
Full
6B
NR
100000-1000000
3
20.000
NR
99.99
WERL
AirS
Beach
1328E
NR
10000-1000000
5
9300.000
NR
90
WERL
AjrS
Full
322B
NR
100-1000
22
¦ 0.44O
NR
99.74
WERL
Ai/S
Pilot
224B
.VR
100-1000
1
0.500
NR
99.67
WERL
AirS
Full
322B
NR
1000-10000
19
52.000
NR
98?
WERL
AirS
Pilot
1362E
NR
100-1000
3
1,000
NR
99.09
WERL
AirS +
GAC
Full
229A
NR
0-100
19
1.000
NR
90.9
WERL
GAC
Full
245B
NR
1000-10000
1
10.000
NR
99.28
WERL
LL
FuU
K104
5
4500-320000
5
35600.000
76.0
NR
BDAT
LL
Full
K.103
5
32000-81000
5
3560.000
76.0
NR
BOAT
LL + SS
Full
K103/
K104
5
4500-320000
5
5.600
76.0
NR
BDAT
LL»SS+
AC
Full
K103/
K104
5
4500-320000
4
19.000
76.0
NR
BDAT
PACT*
Bench
242E
NR
0-100
NR
5.000
NR
83
WERL
J PACT*
Beach
20CB
NR
100-1000
12
0.700
NR
99.34
WERL
| PACT*
Beach
Zimpro
NR '
290
. 1
1.000
NR
99.7
WAO
PACT*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
29
1
5.000
NR
83
WAO
RO
FuU
250B
NR
1000-10000
NR
140.000
NR
92.2
WERL
RO
Full
250B
NR
0-100
NR
3.800
NR
95.1
WERL
RO
Pilot
323B
NR
0-100
1
32.000
NR
19
WERL
RO
Pilot
250B
NR
100-1000
NR
50.000
NR
78
WERL
RO
Full
250B
NR
100-1000
NR
67.000
NR
92.7
WERL
SS*
Full
0415
10
22300-48100
4
38.800
NR
NR
EAD»
SS*
FuU
2680
10
344593-147212
10
10.000
NR
NR
EAD*
Ss-
FuU
1494
10
239-2008310
13
44.8000
NR
NR
BAO-
ss«
Full
0415
10
274000-412000
3
200 J00
NR
NR
BAB-
SS
FuU
6B
NR
lOOOCO-lOOOOOO
3
200.000
NR
99 94
WERL
SS
Full
6B
NR
100000-1000000
12
48.000
NR
99 99
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 C.nrj
4-41
-------
Table 4-19
(Continued)
Technology
Technology
Scale
Facility
Detection
Limit
fppb)
Range of
Influent
Concentration}
(PPW
No. of
Data
Points
Aterage
Effluent
Concentration
(ppM
Roco'ery
(%)
Removal
(%)
Reference 1
SS
Full
6B
NR
loooo-iooooe
2
10.000
NR
<« "ERL
TT
Full
*,B
NR
0-100
5
1000
NR
Q-_5
WERL
TF + AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
3
10.000
NR
99 9-r
*"ERL
LF
Pilot
2S0B
NR
1000-10000
NR
230.000
NR
78
WERL
WO*
Full
242E
NR
1000-10000
NR
29,000
NR
99 64
WERL
WOx (B]
Bench
1054E
NR
1000-10000
NR
500.000
NR
53
WERL
WOj [B]
Bench
1054E
NR
100000-1000000
NR
180000.000
NR
82
WERL
•Daia used in developing standard
N'R = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1D09-01C nrj
4-42
-------
Table 4-20
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Benzo(a)anthracene
Technology
TacAnotogy
Scate
Tac&ti
Dctectiaa
lint#
(fpM
Range of
laflaest
Ceectetrttioaa
(PPM
No. of
Data
Mais
Average
Effluent
Comctotratioa
(PPM
Removal
{*»)
Reference
AS
Full
201B
NR
0-100
1
1.000
98.3
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
5
0.600
97 J
WERL
AS
Full
6B
MR
100-1000
12
10.000
n
WERL
AS + RJ
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
56.000
%s
WERL
Fil
FuU
792E
NR
1000-10000
4
3 000
99 75
WERL
Br
Full
1293
to
10-614
15
10.000
NR
BAD*
'Data used in developing standard
N'R = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlGarj
4-43
-------
Table 4-21
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Benzo(a)pyrene
Technology
Technology
Scale
Facility
Detection
IjflUt
(K*>
Range of
Inflow!
Concstrmtioaf
(ppb)
No. of
Data
Points
Average
EfSaant
Cooccntratioo
(PI*)
Removal
<%)
Reference
AS
Full
37SE
NR
0-100
0 027
86
WERL
AS
Full
375 E
NR
0-100
7
0028
88
WERL
AS
Full
375 E
NR
0-100
0016
97.4
WERL
AS
Full
375E
NR
0-100
7
0 021
86
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
10
10 000
95 2
WERL
CAC
Pilot
195B
NR
1000-10000
8
20 000
98.2
WERL
ChOx(Oz)
Bench
153D
NR
0-100
NR
1.000
76
WERL
Fil
Full
792E
NR
100-1000
4
1000
99 81
WERL
Fil
Pilot
195D
NR
0-100
8
10.000
so
WERL
GAC
Pilot
195D
NR
1000-10000
8
20.000
98.2
WERL
BT
Full
1293
10
10-426
13
10.300
NR
EAD*
Sed
Bench
L53D
NR
0-100
NR
4 200
37
WERL
TF
Full
126E
NR
0-100
NR
0.120
25
WERL
TF
Full
375E
NR
0-100
1
0.016
93.6
WERL
TF
Full
375E
NR
0-100
1
0.036
89
WERL
'Data used in developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C. iu}
4-44
-------
Table 4-22
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate
Tecfeaetogy
Technology
Scale
FaaBtf
Defection
1 JHtlf
(WW
Range of
lafhKMl
Cmttaummm
No. of
Data
Nab
Average
Effhunt
CoMtttritAQi
Removal
w
Reference
AL
Pilot
203A
NR.
100-1000
11
34 000
80
WERL
At
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
73.000
39
WERL
AL
Beach
371D
NR
1000-10000
NR
190.000
90.5
WERL
AL
Mot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
30.000
82
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
8.000
79
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
18.000
47
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100'
4
5,000
81
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
$
7.000
93.7
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
18.000
89
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
10.000
84
WERL
AS
Bencb
202D
NR
100-1000
NR
60.000
77
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
3
10.000
66
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
1000-10000
4
390.000
64
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
90.000
59
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
6
11.000
64
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
31.000
72
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
9.000
67
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
20.000
73
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
4
67.000
33
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
1000-10000
37
47.000
97.1
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
4
11.000
76
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
6
40.000
86
WERL
AS
Full
201B
NR
9-100
3
5 000
938
WERL
AS
FuU
IB .
NR
0-100
4
16.000
70
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
8
11.000
79
WERL
AS
PUot
240A
NR
100-1000
10
46.000
73
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
6
48.000
63
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
51.000
39
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlC.nrj 4-45
-------
Table 4-22
(Continued)
Tedmoioc
Tectaiotogy
Scale
Farilitr
Detection
Limit
(PP»»
Raage of
taflocnt
CooccBtratiaBS
No. of
Dau
Points
Average
EfOuml
Coactntraboa
(PI*)
Ranoral
(*)
Referwct
AS
Bench
1Q50E
NR
100-1000
5
35.000
91.2
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
10.000
81
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
3
6 000
86
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
190.000
57
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
L5.000
91.1
WERI
BT
Full
948
10
11-11740
33
43300
NR
EAD*
PACT
Bench
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
3.000
99 46
WERL
PACT
Bench
Zimpro
¦NR
561
1
2.000
99.6
WAO
RO
Full
250B
NR
0-100
NR
8.000
90
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
60.000
3
WERL
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
39.000
7?
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
5.000
81
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
22.000
24
WERL
TF
Full
13
NR
0-100
6
26.000
32
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
S
33.000
56
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
100-1000
6
43.000
79
WERL
WOx
Full
Zimpro
2
4800
1
10.000
NR
WAO
WOx
Full
Zimpro
11
1800
1
0.000
NR
WAO
WOx [B]
Bench
IQS4E
NR
100000-1000000
NR
100.000
99 99
WERL
'Data used in developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Cnrj
4-46
-------
Table 4-23
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Chrysene
Tedmoiog}
Technology
Scale
Facility
Dftidigi
Limit
-------
Table 4-24
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Di-n-Butyl Phthalate
Technology
Technology
Scale
FacililT
Detection
Limit (ppfe)
Raage of
Lafta art
Canceotnrtioas
(Pub)
No. of
Data
PoinU
Average
Effluent
Coocentratioa
(ppb)
Removal
<%)
Reference
AL
Bench
371D
NR
100-1000
NR
5.000
99i
WERL
AL
Pilot
. 203A
NR
0-100
11
14.000
81
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
44 000
40
WERL
AS
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
12
8.000
91.4
WERL i
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
4.000
91.7
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
0-100
NR
3.000
87
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
5000
944
WERL
AS
Full
201B
NR
0-100
2
3.000
93.5
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
5.000
93.8
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
3
10.000
87
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
g
2.700
93.9
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
7.000
904
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
31
13.000
968
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
11
17.000
96
WERL
AS
Beach
1QS0E
NR
100-1000
5
2.400
99.4
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
6
30.000
98 7
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
47.000
36
WERL
ChOx
Bench
975B
NR
0-100
NR
3.000
87
WERL
err
Full
948
10
19-2000
33
13.000
NR
EAD*
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
6 000
92.6
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
3
20 000
70
WERL
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
52.000
29
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
11
16.000
81
WERL
'Data used 10 developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.ni]
4-48
-------
Table 4-25
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Ethylbenzene
Teduwlog;
Tecfeaologr
Scale
FaaKtjr
Detection
f Imif
(PP6)
Range of
IhHumii
Cmceotrstiow
(PI*)
No. of
Dad
Points
Average
Effluent
Canctntrjtaon
(ppbl
(«>
Rtf«nc»
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
14
12.000
89
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
14
27.000
76
WERL
AL
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
10.000
69
WERL
AL + AS
Full
233D
NR
1000-10000
21
4.000
99.93
WERL
APi + DAF
~ AS
Full
1482D
NR
10000-100000
4
3.300
99.98
WERL
AS
Beach
200B
NR
100-1000
6
0.700
99.59
WERL
AS
Full
201B
NR
0-100
16
6.000
92.8
WERL
AS
Pilot
206B
NR
0-100
20
0.200
99 76
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
98.2
WERL
AS
Full
238A
NR
0-100
3
0.500
97.2
WERL
AS
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
14
1.000
98.4
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
24
10.000
94.4
WERL
AS
FuU
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0JD0
99.14
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
' 0-100
NR
0J00
99.22
WERL
AS
Beach
202D
NR
1000-100000
NR
80.000
99.87
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
• NR
1000-10000
4
10.000
99.47
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
8.000
99.8
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
9.000
90.7
WERL
AS
FuU
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
10.000
96.4
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
4
3.000
89
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
5
5.000
976
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
o-too
3
5.000
89
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
o-ioo
5
1.000
98.1
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
1.000
97.7
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
5 000
79
WERL
AS
FuU
68
NR
1000-10000
3
25.000
98.7
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
3
3.000
95.4
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1Q09-01C.M)
4-49
-------
Table 4-25
(Continued)
Technology
Tedmoloty
Scale
FaeOky
Detection
liilil
(ppb)
Raaseof
laflacBt
Coocenirst>oa»
(«*>
No. Of
Data
Foists
Average
Effluent
Concentration
(P!*t
Removal
(1)
Reference
AS
FuU
975B
NR
0-100
NR
8.000
S7
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
14
6.000
946
WERL
AS
Pilot
REF2
NR
23500
6
366.000
NR
BOAT
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
6
4000
ns
WERI
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
3
2.000
99 26
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
4
1.000
9917
WERI
AS
Bench
2C0B
NR
0-100
9
0.500
99 S
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
100-1000
7
10.000
979
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
100-1000
15
10.000
98.9
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
100-1000
29
10.000
97.4
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
4
8.000
89
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
10000-100000
7
10.000
99.97
WERL
AS
Bench
200B
NR
100-1000
12
0.600
99.5
WERL
AS + B1
FuU
6B
NR
0-100
15
10.000
90
WERL
AirS
Pilot
224B
NR
0-100
1
0.500
91.9
WERL
AirS
FuU
69A
NR
0-100
NR
OJOO
94.1
WERL
AirS
~GAC
FuU
229A
NR
0-100
19
1.000
80
WERL
BT
Full
P211
NR
12923-80000
7
10.000
NR
BDAT
BT
Full
P234
NR
10-3830
33
10.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
FuU
P221
NR
10-140
3
10.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
FuU
P293
NR
2287-3545
2
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
FuU
P238
NR
220-3350
2
10.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
Full
P21S
NR
364-4150
3
10.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
Full
P242
NR
190-553
2
10.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
FuU
P244
NR
608
1
10.000
NR
BDAT1
BT
FuU
F2S7
NR
63-3648
21
12.000
NR
BDAT'
BT
Full
F202
NR
96-594
20
10.000
Nil
BDAT'
BT
Full
mo
NR
101-3040
15
10.000
NR
BDAT*
NRJ/NW-049
IQOT-OlCnrj
4-50
-------
Table 4-25
(Continued)
Technology
Teduaiotr
Stale
Fadtttr
Detection
Limit
(pp6)
Range of
Iaflaeat
Cooceatratums
-------
Table 4-26
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Fluorene
Technoiogy
TetknoiogJ
Scale
Facility
Detection
Unit
(p»m
Raa«« of
ixkflacnt
CoeoBBtrstioos
No. of
Data
Foots
Avtrage
Effitaat
CoBCBUWataoo
(ppb)
Removal
(%)
Reference
AL
Full
6B
MR
100-1000
3
10.000
94.1
WERL
AS
Full
6B
.VR
1000-10000
13
10.000
. 99 17
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
8
0.700
98.2
WERL
ffP
Full
1293
10
678-1873
15
10.000
NR
EAD*
TF
Full
IB
n*
0-100
4
20.000
54
WERL
•Data used in developing standard
STR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
IQOWHCnrj
4-52
-------
Table 4-27
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Naphthalene
TKbuloo
Technology
Scafe
Facility
Detection
Unit
(PPb)
Range of
Cooewtrttiaas
(ppbl
No. of
Data
Points
Aftnp
Efflnot
Caaemtritiom
{pfbl
Rcaoral
f%)
Rrftraxt
Al
Pilot
192D
NR
0-100
NR
10 000
82
WERL
AL
Bencft
371D
MR
100-1000
NR
23.000
97.7
WERL
AL
Pilot
192D
NR
100-1000
NR
25.000
%S
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
MR
100-1000
11
13.000
m
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
MR
100-1000
11
36000
67
WERL
AL * AL
Full
233D
NR
100-1000
21
16.000
98.3
WERL
AS
FulJ
201B
MR
CM 00
11
5.000
89
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
2
14.000
95,9
WERL
AS
Beach
1050E
MR
100-1000
S
2.000
995
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
11
8.900
97.9
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
MR "
100-1000
5
10,000
93
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
l.OOO
99.17
WERL
AS
Pilot
2Q4A
NR
0-100
8
0.700
99,09
WERL
AS
Bench
202D
NR
1000-10000
NR
10,000
99,86
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
4.000
96.3
WERL
AS
Pilot
24QA
NR
100-1000
12
6.000
95
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
9.000
86
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
10.000
95.4
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
14
10.000
99.95
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
13
10.000
99
WERL
AS
Pilot
192D
NR
0-100
MR
10,000
82
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
3.000
91.9
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
f
10.000
9936
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
96
WERL
AS
Pilot
192D
NR
1004000
MR
25 000
96J
WERL
AirS
Bench
1328E
NR
10000-100000
5
6200.000
74
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
79.000
27
WERL
ChOx
Beach
975B
NR
0-100
Nil
2.000
88
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 Cnij
4-53
-------
Table 4-27
(Continued)
Technology
Twhanlnty
Scale
Faahty
Detection
Limit
(ppb)
Range of
Inftamt
Concentrations
(ppfe)
No. of
Data
Poinu
Average
EfQaent
Concentration
(ppb)
Ran oral
(%)
Reference
BT
Full
1293
10
11227-37145
15
10.000
NR
EAD*
PACT*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
191
1
1.000
99.9
WAO
RBC
Pilot
192D
NR
0-100
NR
10.000
82
WERL
RO
Pilot
180 A
NR
0-100
NR
0.020
80
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
100-1000
11
14.000
88
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
3.00
89
WERL
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
74.000
32
WERL
WOx
Full
Zimpro
6
1200
1
210.000
NR
WAO
'Data used id developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.ni]
4-54
-------
Table 4-28
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Phenanthrene
Technology
Todbynolocf
Scale
FtriKty
Dctsctioii
(«*>
Raogeof
bxfibosi
{ppbt
No, of
D*U
Points
Average
EfBnoit
Coacaiu alios
Removal
(%>
Reference
AL
Full
6B
MR
100-1000
$
10.000
92.9
WERL
AL
' Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
u
40.000
58
WERL !
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
16.000
83
WERL
AL
Bench
371D
NR
100-1000
NR
15.000
98.5
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
8
1.100
97.2
WERL
AS
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
12
6.000
93
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
14
10.000
99.7
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
4000
958
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
13.000
82
WERL
AS
Bench
202D
.NR
100-1000
NR
10.000
98.2
WERL
AS
Beacb
1050E
NR
100-1000
5
2.000
99.5
WERL
AS + Fil
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
17.000
99.8
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
24.000
75
WERL
Fil
Full
792E
NR
0-100
4
10.000
85
WERL
BT*
Full
1293
10
2035-47U
15
10.000
NR
EAD*
PACT*
Full
68
NR
100-1000
10
25.000
95 9
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
10
9,000
90
WERL
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
0-100
11
st.ooo
46
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
17.000
915
WERL
"Data used in developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 Cm}
4-55
-------
Table 4-29
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Phenol
Technology
Technology
Scale
Fac£ty
Detection
Limit
(ppb)
Range ef
Isfhtot
Coaceotratsons
(ppbl
No. of
Data
Feints
Average
Effluent
Concentration
(PI*)
Recovery
(*>
Ren oval
{%)
Reference
AL
Pilot
203A
VR
100-1000
11
S4.00C
NR
33
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
18.000
NR
86
WERL
AL
Ful]
6B
Ml
100-1000
3
11 000
NR
90.8
WERL
AL
Pilot
192D
Nil
100-1000
NR
10 000
NR
98.99
WERL
API + DAF+
AS
Full .
1482D
NR
100-1000
4
85.000
NR
89.5
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
2.000
NR
98.6
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
24.000
NR
63
WERL
AS
Bench
202D
NR
100000-1000000
NR
0.010
NR
99.99
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
39
10.000
NR
96.4
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
8.000
NR
97.2
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
14.000
NR
89
WERL
AS
Full
201B
NR
100-1000
31
20.000
NR
92.6
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
1.000
NR
99 89
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
3
10.000
NR
99 94
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
61.000
NR
92.4
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
3
1.000
NR
96.4
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
6.6000
NR
99.87
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
1.000
NR
99.33
WERL
AS
Bench
1QS4E
NR
100000.1000000
NR
0.250
NR
99 88
WERL
AS
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
11
10.000
NR
90
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
7
15.000
NR
98
WERL
AS
Full
1122E
NR
10000-100000
NR
4000.000
NR
95.2
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
120 000
NR
97.9
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
4
8.000
NR
97.2
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
10
21.000
NR
99.64
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
20 000
NR
87
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
11
10.000
NR
96.3
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
. 100-1000
6
1 000
NR
99 44
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
1.000
NR
98.3
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Cnr] 4-56
-------
Table 4-29
(Continued)
TedMolog?
Technology
Scale
Facibtj
Detection
Limit
(J>pb)
Range of
liiflneBt
Coac«traana»
(«*»>
No. of
Dua
Poena
Average
EffllMBt
Conuaitmion
Reference
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
NR
98.(5
WERL
AS
Pilot
226B
NR
100000-1000000
6
500.000
NR
99 95
WERL
AS
FuU
975 B
Ml
1000-10000
NR
160.000
NR
95
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100000-1000000
2
10.000
NR
99.99
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
100-1000
8
14.000
NR
94 6
WERL
AS
Pilot
192D
NR
100-1000
NR
10.000
NR
98.99
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
Ml
1000-10000
4
$6,000
NR
96.9
WERL
AS
Bench
1054E
NR
10000-10000
NR
1000.000
NR
95
WERL
AS
FuU
6B
NR
100000-1000000
13
10.000
NR
99.99
WERL
AS
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
6
25,000
NR
94.4
WERL
AS + Fil
FuU
6B
NR
10000-100000
3
13,000
NR
99.98
WERL
AS + Fil
FuU
6B
NR
100-1000
15
10.000
NR
98
WERL
AnFF
Pilot
231A
NR
1000000
NR-
700.000
NR
99.98
WERL
AnFF
Pilot
23 lA
NR
1000000
NR
30,000
NR
99.99
WERL
.AnFF
Bench
23CA
NR
100000-1000000
NR
10.000
NR
98.97
WERL
AnFF
PUot
231A
NR
100000-1000000
NR
10.000
NR
99.99
WERL
AnFF
Pilot
231A
NR
100000-1000000
NR
70.000
NR
99 98
WERL
AnFF
Bench
230A
NR
>1000000
NR
1000.000
NR
99.95
WERL
AnFF
PUot
235 D
NR
100000-1000000
NR
240.000
NR
99.86
WERL
AnFFw
OAC
PUot
249D
NR
1000000
NR
50.000
NR
99.99
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
99000
NR
21
WERL
ChOx
Bench
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
16.000
NR
93-3
WERL
ChOx
Bench
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
1000
NR
98.3
WERL
ChOx
Bench
97SB
NR
1000-10000
NR
12.000
NR
99.37
WERL
GAC
Bench
10S4E
NR
100-1000
NR
10.000
NR
99
WERL
GAC
FuU
245B
NR
100-1000
1
10000
NR
92.6
WERL
GAC
Full
237A
NR
1000-10000
1
5 000
NR .
99 89
WERL
BT*
FuU
1293
10
698S64-978672
15
10,000
NR
NR
EAD*
LL
FuU
KJ04
30
150000-300000
5
165000.000
21
NR
BOAT
LL
FuU
K103
30
L500000-3000000
5
34000.000
21
NR
BOAT
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.ni]
4-57
-------
Table 4-29
(Continued)
Technology
Technology
Scale
Facility
Detection
(PP*>)
Rang* of
Infhiaal
Canctntiatiom
(ppfc)
No. of
Data
Point!
Average
EfBocot
Coaceatratiaii
(PPbl
Recovery
(%>
Removal
<%>
Reference
LL » SS
Full
K103/
KJ04
30
150000-3000000
5
2400 000
21
NR
BDAT
LL + SS-AC
Full
K103/
K104
30
150000-3000000
4
60 000
21
NR
BDAT
PACT*
Bench
190E
NR
10000-100000
NR
1.800
NR
99 99
WERL
pact*
Bench
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
2.000
NR
99.96
WERL
pact*
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
30.000
VR
98.6
WER1
pact*
Bench
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
8.000
NR
99.85
WERL
RBC
Pilot
603E
NR .
100000-1000000
NR
1700.000
NR
99.6
WERL
RBC
Pilot
192D
NR
100-1000
NR
10.000
NR
98.99
WERL
RO
Full
2S0B
NR
1000-10000
VR
120.000
NR
93.6
WERL
SBR
Pilot
1433D
NR
10000-100000
16
1000.000
NR
97.7
WERL
SBR
Pilot
227D
NR
100000-1000000
1
1000.000
NR
99.81
WERL
SBR
Bench
64 D
NR
100000-1000000
NR
3000.000
NR
99 63
WERL
SBRwPACT*
Bench
64D
NR
100000-1000000
NR
1000.000
NR
99.88
WERL
SExt
Pilot
1082E
NR
>1000000
NR
210000.000
NR
95.4
WERL
ss
Pilot
1082E
NR
100000-1000000
NR
160.000
NR
24
WERL
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
64.000
NR
49
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
47.000
NR
82
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
10
8.000
NR
913
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
1.000
NR
98.2
WERL
WO*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
10000000
1
20000.000
NR
99.8
WAO
WO* [B]
Bench
1054E
NR
100000-1000000
NR
27000.000
NR
973
WERL
WO* [B|
Bench
1101D
NR
>1000000
NR
3600.000
NR
99 92
WERL
WO* (B)
Bench
236A
NR
>1000000
1
3000.000
NR
99 97
WERL
'Data used in developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 Cni]
4-58
-------
Table 4-30
Industry-Submitted Leachate Treatment Performance Data
for Phenol
Technology
Tediaolocy
Fac&ty
Dctaaiai
Limit
(ppfc)
Rnge of
Inflnwil
Coacaatrabani
(hh»
No. of
Data
Poieti
Avenge
EfflnflBt
CoacwtrMion
(PI*)
Removal
(%>
Reference
BT
Full
DOW
10
715-2500
3
10 000
99.32
Leachate'
'Data used in developing standard
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlC.nrj
4-59
-------
Table 4-31
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Pyrene
Technology
TechaoKtgr
Sale
FacStj
Detection
Limit
(ppb)
Raageef
tofisatt
Coaten trwiura
(ppbi
No. of
Data
Points
Arerage
Effluent
Com —If ufioii
(ppb>
Rmoral
(*>
Reference
AL
Beach
3TID
NR.
100-1000
U
15.000
97
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
36.000
65
WERL
AL
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
25.000
76
WERL
AS
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
5.000
9S.2
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
1
5.000
80
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
MOO
8
1000
93.3
WERL
AS
Pilot
204A
NR
0-100
12
10.000
90
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
ioo-icoo
14
10.000
99
WERL
AS + Fil
Full
6B
MR
1000-10000
3
16.000
99 48
WERL
CAC
Pilot
195B
NR
1000-10000
8
uo.ooo
945
WERL
CAC
Pilot
203A
NR
1004000
U
11000
88
WERL
ChO*(Cl)
Full
1081D
NR
0-100
NR
0.018
60
WERL
Ft]
Pilot
195B
m
100-1000
S
80.000
27
WERL
Ftl
Pilot
577E
NR
0100
NR
0.001
99,96
WERL
Fil
FuU
1081D
NR
0-100
NR
0.045
40
WERL
Fa
Full
mn
NR
100040000
4
6.000
995
WERL
OA C
Pilot
19SD
NR
0-100
6
10 000
79
WERL
BT*
Full
1293
10
641-1438
¦ 15
10300
NR
EAD*
TF
Pilot
203A
NR
100-1000
11
48000
54
WERL
TF
Pilot
240A
NR
0-100
10
17.000
83
WERL
WO*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
500000
1
260.000
99.95
WAO
'Data used in developing standard
SR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
MO9-01C.ni}
4-60
-------
Table 4-32
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Toluene
Technology
Teckaelocr
Scale
Facifit?
Detection
IJaBft
(ppM
Range of
[afloat
Cooceatrtboas
(ppb)
No. of
Dau
Point!
Average
Efflaenl
CooccotratMB
(ppb)
Removal
(%)
Reference
AL
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
98.2
WERL
AL
Bench
371D
NR
1000-10000
NR
90.000
97
WERL
AL
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
32.000
96.1
WERL
AL AS
Full
233D
NR
1000-10000
21
4.000
99.85
WERL
API ~ DAF + AS
Full
1482D
NR
10000-100000
4
11.000
99.93
WERL
AS
Bench
202D
NR
10000-100000
NR
10 000
99.98
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-1000000
3
73.000
99.84
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-10000
3
10.000
99.57
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
12.000
99 68
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
3
76.000
99 90
WERL
AS
Bench
200B
NR
100-1000
10
0.800
99.3
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
24
10.000
99.73
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
1000-10000
6
9.000
99.81
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
15
10.000
99.88
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
3
24.000
99.76
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
1000-10000
NR
280.000
96.3
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
7
10.000
99 6
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
23.000
86
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
1000-10000
33
20.000
998
WERL
AS
Pilot
226B
NR
100000-1000000
7
300.000
99.85
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
14
10.000
978
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
4
10.000
97.6
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
4.000
88
WERL
AS
Full
975B
NR
100-1000
NR
7.600
99.04
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
4.000
99.48
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0.700
97.1
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
3.000
90.6
WERL
AS
Full
1587E
NR
0-100
NR
0 100
99
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Cnn
4-61
-------
Table 4-32
(Continued)
Technology
T«ckiK4o«y
State
FacSt?
Detection
limit
(ppfc)
Range of
Iidgot
Coocartr«t»om
(PPM
No. Of
Data
point!
Average
Efltacat
Coumihi nan
(ppto)
Rano?*!
{%>
Refertnc*
AS
Full
201B
SR
100-1000
32
57,000
87
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
s
12.000
96.8
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
1.000
98
WERL -
AS
Full
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0.200
96.2
WERL
AS
Full
IB
MR
100-1000
4
4.000 •
96.4
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
2.000
97.6
WERL
AS
Full
238A
NR
0-100
3
6,200
92.7
WERL
AS
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
944
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5 -
2.000
97.1
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
4
4.000
U
WERL
AS
Pilot
241B
NR
100-1000
5
4.000
98.6
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0,200
96.9
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
3.000
94
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
20.000
89
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
6
1.000
973
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
1.000
97.4
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
0-100
NR
0.200
97.7
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
0-100
' 6
2.000
963
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
5
56.000
93.8
WERL
AS
Pilot
206B
NR
100-1000
20
0.600
99 76
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
10000
964
WERL
AS
Full
234A
NR
100-1000
NR
OJOO
99.9
WERL
AS
Full
IB
NR
100-1000
6
31.000
954
WERL
AS
Pilot
REF2
NR
92000
6
23467.000
NR
BOAT'
AS ~ Fil
Full
6B
NR
10000-100000
3
10 000
99.98
WERL
AirS
• Full
322B
NR
100-1000
24
0.660
99.77
WERL
AirS
Pile*
1362E
NR
0-100
3
1.700
95.3
WERL
AirS
BcncB
1328E
NR
10000-100000
5
2800.000
92.4
WERL
NRJ/NW-049
1009-QlC.aij
4-62
-------
Table 4-32
(Continued)
Technology
Tedineioc
Scale
Fadfit?
Detection
Link
(WW
Rang* of
Concmtmiaas
(Pitt
No. of
Data
Points
AT«rag<
Effluent
<" rtnt —ifi Hfl/W
(PP*>t
Remark!
i%)
Reference
AirS
Full
69A
NR
0-100
NR
0.940
97
WERL
AirS
Full
322B
NR
0.100
5
2.000
974
WF.RL
AitS
Pilot
224B
NR
MOO
1
OJOO
98.9
WERL
AirS
Full
322B
NR
1000-10000
6
34.000
99.18
1
WERL
AirS
Full
3228
NR
10000400000
3
114.000
99.33
W1RL
AiiS + GAC
Full
229A
NR
0-100
19
1.000
90
WERL
BT
Full
P206
NR
834-57475
10
1491.000
NR '
BDAT*
BT
Full
P211
NR
11544000
7
10.000
NR
BDaP
BT
Full
P202
NR
60-155
20
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P244
NR
1109
1
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P210
NR
135-5805
2
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P223
NR
99-265
3
10,000
NR
BDAT"
BT
Full
P217
NR
34400-60000
3
73.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
FuU
P234
NR
2350-35000
32
21.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P242
NR
1200-1533
2
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P221
NR
10-323
3
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P208
NR
140-640
14
10,000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P240
NR
22700
1
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P246
NR
77-12938
9
630.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P2S1
NR
15840-26060
3
10.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P253
NR
66-230
3
103.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P257
NR
1730-12900
27
12.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P26S
NR
37750-50000
3
10.000
NR
BDAP
BT
Full
P286
NR
24000-160000
3
76.000
NR
BDAT*
BT
Full
P21S
' NR
3300-4550
3
10.000
NR
BDAP
BT
Full
P230
NR
3503-30347
15
10.000
NR
BDAP
BT
Full
REF4
NR
680
1
4.000
NR
BDAP
BT* AC
Full
P246
NR
77-12938
10
113.000
NR
BDAP
NTU/NW-049
1009-01C.nl)
4-63
-------
Table 4-32
(Continued)
Teehootogy
Tecbaolog?
Scale
Ftmaj
Detection
Limit
(W*»>
Huge of
IsfloCNt
Coacmtrtaans
(H*)
No. of
Data
Paiati
Average
Effluent
Camaatnuim
(ppt»
Removal
1%)
Reference J
GAC
Pilot
43SB
NR
10000-100000
NR
10 000
99 96
WERL |
gac
FuU
245B
MR
10000-100000
1
10,000
99 94
WERL
GAC
Pilot
REF7
NR
120
1
0.300
NR
- BDAT*
PACT*
Bench
200B
NR
'.00-1000
13
0.30C
99,75
WERL 1
PACT*
Bench
242E
NR
0-100
NR
5.000
91.2
WERL
PACT*
Beacb
Zimpro
NR
2730
1
1.000
999
WAO
PACT*
Beach
Zimpro
NR
s?
1
5,000
91
WAO
RO
Full
250B
NR
100-1000
NR
20.000
92.5
WERL
RO
Pilot
2MB
NR
0-100
NR
12.000
86
WERL
RO
FuU
250B
NR
1000-10000
NR
420.000
94.7
WERL
ss
NR
WIS"
10
19300-29000
3
12.000
NR
EAD*
ss
FuU
6B
NR
1000-10000
2
10.000
99.71
WERL
ss
FuU
6B
NR
10000.100000
3
12.000
99 95
WERL
ss*
NR.
0415*
10
2570-4230
4
22.300
NR
EAD*
ss
Pilot
REM
NR
92000
5
42.000
NR
BDAT*
ss
FuU
P246
NR
S?-98
4
10.000
NR
BDAT
SS + AC
Full
rm
NR
640-8650
3
11.000
NR
BDAT*
TF
Full
6B
NR
100-1000
3
10.000
96.3
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
10.000
88
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
7.000
86
WERL
TF
Full
IB
NR
0-100
5
2.000 •
97.2
WERL
TT
FuU
IB
NR
0-100
6
1.000
98.2
WERL
TF •
FuU
IB
NR
100-1000
4
7.000
978
WERL
UF
Pilot
2S0B
NR
100-1000
NR
84 000
35
WERL
WOx
NR
REF10
NR
8500000
1
200000.000
NR
BDAT*
wo*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
4330000
1
12000.000
99.7
WAO
wo*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
5000
1
500.000
90
WAO
wo,
PUot
Zimpro
NR
30000
1
500 000
983
WAO
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OICwj
4-64
-------
Table 4-32
(Continued)
T«du*elogf
Tcduolofjr
SeaJe
WmeMtf
TTNhIim fin ii
Lnut
(WW
Range of
(sfiaest
Coacsttraaoin
(PI*!
No. of
D aU
Mats
Average
Effluent
CoflccBtrui«i
(PPb>
RamoraJ
<%>
ttefennct
WOx
Full
Zimpro
SO
62000-82000
i
10950000
NR
WAO
WO*
Full
242E
NR
100-1000
NR
57000
72
WERL
WOx
Pilot
78D
MR
10000-100000
NR
500.000
98.3
WERL
WOx + PACT*
Pilot
Zimpro
5
130000-180000
3
5.000
99.9
WAO
WOx [b]
Bench
78D
NR
1000-10000
NR
500,000
99.9
WERL
WOx (b)
Bench
7BD
NR
10000-100000
NR
1000.000
98.8
WERL
WOx [b]
Bench
1Q54E
NR
10000-100000
NR
500.000
98.9
WERL
WOx [b|
Bench
1054E
NR
1000000
NR
220000.000
r~
50
o
WERL
•Data used in developing standard
"EAD data presented m the BDAT Solvents Rule POOl-POOJ Background Document (Reference 10)
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlC.nr]
4-65
-------
Table 4-33
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,2-Xylene
T echaology
Teduoloc
Scale
Facility
Detection
liarif
(ppb)
Range of
Influent
Coocemnrtrom
(PPfc)
No. of
Data
Points
Avenge
Effluent
Ceocoitratioa
(pp6t
Removal
(*>
(Menace
NR
NR
NY0183628
NR
NR
3
198 330
NR
NPDE5
AS
Full
1587E
NR
0-100
NR
0.100
98.6
WERL
AS
Bench
200B
NR
100-1000
15
0.900
99.2
WERL
AirS
• Pilot
224B
NR
0-100
1
0.500
93
WERL
PACT*
Bench
242E
10
0-100
NR
5000
93.7
WERL
PACT*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
79
1
5.000
94
WAO
RO
Full
250B
NR
10000-100000
NR
300.000
97.8
WERL
WOx*
Full
242E
NR
10000-100000
NR
79.000
99.92
WERL'
'Data used in developing standard
NR » Not reported
Table 4-34
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,3-Xylene
Tacfenoiocr
Technology
Scale
Facfiljr
Detecaoa
Limit
(ppfe)
Raageof
(PP*»)
No. of
Data
Avenge
(Pl*>
Removal
<%)
Menace
NR
NR
NY0183628
NR
NR
3
193.330
NR
NPDES
AS
Full
L587E
NR
0-100
NR
0.100
98.3
WERL
AirS
Pilot
224B
NR
0-100
1
0.500
72
WERL
GAC
Full
1421D
NR
0-100
NR
0.130
20
WERL
PACT*
Bench
242E
NR
0-100
NR
10.000
70
WERL
PACT*
Bench
Zimpro
NR
33
1
10.000
70
WAO
WO**
Full
242E
NR
10000-100000
NR
33.000
99.7
WERL*
"Data used in developing standard
NR = Not reported
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlC.nrj
4-66
-------
Table 4-35
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for 1,4 Xylene
Tsribnaiog;
Technology
Size
fariBtf
Uaust
(pt*»
Raage of
(alfaHDt
Coacmtraaam
(p|
No. of
Data
Poaats
Afwift
EfflaeM
CoaeattratioB
(PI*)
RemoTai
m
Refer***
NR
NR
NY01&3628
NR
VR
3
198.330
NR
NPDES
AirS
Pilot
124B
NR
0-100
1
0.500
90
WERL
GAC
Full
1421D
NR
0-100
NR
0.040
3?
WERL
MR » Not repotted
Table 4-36
Wastewater Treatment Performance Data for Xylene
Technology
Tflcteolocf
Smmt
DvcocdsB
Lteit
(ppbt
Baafftflf
talbat
(ppfc)
No.af
Data
Patau
(PPM
Robots!
<*)
RAfMtt
GAC
Mot
REF7
NR
140
l
0.100
NR
BDAT
WO*
REF10
NR
21200
l
500.000
NR
BDAT*
WO*
Pilot
Zifflpio
NR
&385000
l
20000.000
998
WAO
'EAD data presented in the BDAT Solvents Rule F001-FW8 Background Document (Reference 10),
NR = Not reported
STU/NW-049
1009-01C.m}
4-67
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Table 4-37
Performance Data Submitted by Industry
for Treatment of K049 and K051
Mixture at Plant R - Stabilization of Solvent Extraction Raffinate
Concentration in K049 and K.051
(TCLP, mg/l)
Sample
Metal Constituent
Set
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste0
Arsenic
1
0.11
<0.003
2
0.007
<0.006
Chromium (total)
1
0.11
<0.10
0.44
<0.05
Nickel
1
0.15
0.13
2
0.17
0.10
Source: Exxon comments on EPA's Third Third proposed rule (Reference 11).
'Unknown mixture of commercially available binders.
< = Not detected or detected below detection limit. (Unknown whether the value reported is the detection limit )
NRJ/VW-049
1009-01 C.nr]
4-68
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Table 4-38
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of K048 and
K051 Mixture at Plant U • Stabilization of Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Ash
Metal Constitiiait
Sample
Set
Lime/Fly Ash Binder
Lime/Fly Ash/C/F Binder
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste •
Concentration in KIMS and K051
(TCLP, rng/1)
Concentration in
K048 and K051
(TCLP. mg/1)
Concentration in
KM8 and K0S1
(TCLP. m«/l)
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Arsenic
1
0.171
0.008
0.171
0.021
2
0.008
0.015
3
0.008
0.092
4
0010
0.080
5
0.011
6
<0.008
D.009
8
0.013
9
NR
Chromium (total)
1
1.13
0.47
1.13
1.01
2
0.99
0.054
3
0.61
0.61
4
1.11
1.10
5
1.04
6
0.98
7
1.03
8
0.71
9
086
Nickel
1
0.324
0061
0.324
0.113
2
0097
0.108
3
3097
0314
4
0.101
0.097
5
0.099
6
0.104 •
7
0.108
8
0.129
9
0.138
Source: Amoco comments on EPA's proposed Third Third rule (Reference 12).
NR * Data for this constituent were either not reported or were rejected.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-OlC.nrj
4-69
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Table 4-39
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of K.048 - K052
Mixture at Plant X - Stabilization of Solvent Extraction Raffinate
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste*
Concentration
Concentration
in K048-K052
in K048-K052
Metal Constituent
Sample
Mixture
Mixture
Set
(TCLP,
(TCLP, mg/l)
Chromium (tola])
1
007
<0.05
0.26
<0.05
3
0.21
<0.05
4
0.09
<0.05
Nickel
1
0.21
<0.04
2
0.27
<0.04
3
0.27
0.06
4
0.24
0.07
Source: BP Anient* comment! on EPA'» Third Third propoaed rule (Reference 13)
"Unknown mixture of commercially «v»il»ble bindert.
NRJ/VW-049
1009-OlC.nn
4-70
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Table 4-40
Design and Operating Parameters for Stabilization of Solvent Extraction
Raffinate at Plant X
Physical Design Parameters
Values Or Description
Binder
Commercial lime/flyash mixture,
Portland cement, and iron salt
Cycle Time
Approximately 05 hour
Soure«- BP Am«nc*'t Comment* on EPA'i Proposed Third Third Ruie fSeferenee 12)
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Cni]
4-71
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Table 4-41
Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for K048 and K051
Plant I - Stabilization of Incinerator Ash
BDAT List ConstitMnts
Untreated Watte
Treated Waste
Concentration in TCLP Extract of StaHiud Fhadoed-Bed Incinerator Ash
Cos eat Biader
Kite Dast Binder
Lime and Fly Ash Binder
Concentration in TCLP
Extracts of KM8&K051
ladnerator Ask
(mg/L)
Ran 1
mg/L
(ppm)
Rob 2
¦g/L
(ppn)
Run 3
mf/L
(ppa)
Ron 1
mg/L
(PP">
Ral
¦g/L
(Pi»)
Rob 3
¦g/L
(ppn)
Rao I
mg/L
(ppm)
Ran 2
mg/L
Ippm)
Run 3
mg/L
(ppm)
Antimony
0 06-0 09
<0 163
<0.163
<0 163
<0163
0.178
<0.163
.0 163
<0.163
<0.163
Arse rue
0.008-0.025
<0.004
<0.004
<0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
<0 004
<0.004
3.006
Banum
0.17-0.25
0.277
0.28
0.278
0.203
02
0204
0.558
0.524
0.599
Beryllium
0.001
<0 001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
Cadmium
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0 003
<0.003
<0.003
<0 003
<0 003
<0.003
Chromium (total)
2.1-26
2.11
2.12
2.16
178
1.92
1.87
1 13
1.21
108
Chromium (hexavalent)
NA
0.415
0.326
2.47
0.38
0.395
2.13
0.331
• 0.259
0.071
Copper
0.02
<0 003
<0.003
0.015
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
0.006
Lead
<0.05
<0.006
<0.006
0.011
0.02
0.009
<0.006
<0 006
<0.006
<0 006
Mercury
0 0002-0.0003
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nickel
0.02-0.03
<0.018
<0.018
<0.018
<0018
<0.018
<0.018
<0.018
<0.018
<0.018
Selenium
0.033-0.12
0.025
0.022
0.024
0.044
0.043
0.04
0.013
0.016
0017
Silver
<0.009
<0.006
<0.006
<0.006
<0.006
<0.006
<0.006
<0006
<0.006
<0 006
Thallium
NA
<0.001
0.009
<0 001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0 001
<0.001
Vanadium
2.5-3.6
1.4
1.21
1.29
1.53
1.64
1.56
0.148
0.149
0.156
Zinc
0.055-0.11
0 058
0.047
3.086
0.048
0.042
0.031
0.02
0.022
0.052
NA = Not analyzed
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.nn
4-72
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Table 4-42
Design and Operating Data Collected by EPA for K048 and K051
Plant I • Stabilization of Incinerator Ash
Dtsign aad Operating Parameters
Stainhutwii Process
CdBfOt
Eta Dott
Lime and Fly Ash
Ron 1 °
Ron 2
Rm 3
Rob 1
Ron 2
Run 3
Rn 1
Rm 2
Rud 3
Binder to Ash Ratio
02
02
02
0.2
0.2
0.2
NP
NT
NT
Lune to Ash Ratio
NP
NT
NT
NP
NP
NP
0.2
0.2
0.2
Fly Ash to Ash Ratio
MP
NT
NT
NP
NP
NP
0.2
0.2
0.2
Water to Ash Ratio
03 '
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
05
Ambient Temperature (*C)
23
23
23
19
195
20
19
19
19
Mixture pH
11.6
115
113
12.1
12.1
12.1
120
12.1
12.1
Cure Tune (Days)
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
Unconfined Compressive Strength
(lb/in')
9433
921.6
1270
222.8
267.7
241.0
565.8
5126
578.8
NT = Not applicable
NRJ/.VW-049
1009-01 Gnr]
4-73
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Table 4-43
Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for Cyanide in K048 and
K051 at Plant A - Fluidized-Bed Incineration
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Sample Set
K048 Concentration
mg/kg (ppm>*
K051 Concentration
(PPm)
Fluidixed Bed Incinerator
Ash Concentration
(PPm)
1
0.7.
0.8
<0.1
2
<0.1
0.5
0.4
3
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
4
1.0
14
0.5
5
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
6
0.9
0.6
0.5
This KW8 consisis of a dcwatcred mixture of DAF float (K04S) and waste biosludge.
NRJ/N"W-049
1009-OlC.nj)
4-74
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Table 4-44
Treatment Performance Data Collected
by EPA for Treatment of K048
at Plant A - Fluidized-Bed Incinerator Combustion Gas Scrubber Water
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Concentration in
Detection
Combustion Gas
BDAT List
Sample
Limit
Concentration in
Detection
Scrubber Water
Constituent
Set
(nig/kg)
K048 (mg/kg)
Limit (mg/l)
(mg/1)
Cyanide
1
0.6
<0.06
0.01
<0.01
2
0.6
7.9
0.01
<0.01
3
0.6
2.6
0.01
<0.01
4
0.6
11
0.01
<0.01
5
0.6
<0.06
0.01
<0.01
6
0.6
4.5
0.01
<0.01
Source: Amoco Oil Company Onsite Engineering Report (Reference 14)
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.nr)
4-75
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Table 4-45
Design and Operating Parameters for the Fluidized-Bed
Incinerator at Plant A
Physical Design Parameters
Value or Description1
Incinerator manufacturer
Dorr-Oliver (Fluosolids)®
Incinerator height
40 ft.
Incinerator diameter:
Base of incinerator
Top of incinerator
Wall thickness
22 ft. (OD), 20 ft. (ID)
30 ft. (OD), 29 ft. (ID)
1 ft. of refractory
Materials of construction:
Reactor
Refractory
Constriction
Ducts
Cyclones
Venturi scrubber
Stack
Thickener tank
Carbon steel wall with 12-inch refractory
lining
Refractory materials are cast blocks and
laid bricks anchored with 304 stainless
steel
Refractt >ry
Refractory-lined carbon steel
Refractory-lined carbon steel
304 ELC stainless steel
304 ELC stainless steel
A36 steel
Bed material
Quartz white silica sand (#16 or #10
filter sand)
Stack diameter
5 ft.
Stack height
80 ft. (approximately)
Thickener tank capacity
80,070 gallons
Thickener tank dimensions:
Diameter
Centenvell height
40 ft.
Approximately 8 feet, 6 inches
Bed Temperature
1200-1300°F (1400°F Max.)
Freeboard Temperature
1250-1350°F (1400°F Max.)
Undewatered DAF Float Mixture Feed
Rate
30-90 gpm
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01Gnr)
4-76
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Table 4-45
(Continued)
Physical Design Parameters
i
Value or Description1
Constriction Plate Pressure Differential
15-20 m. H,0
Fluidized-bed Pressure Differential
60-100 in. H,0
Stack Gas Carbon Monoxide
Concentration
35-800 ppm CO
'Ranges shown are nominal operating ranges as provided by plant personnel.
Source: Amoco Oil Company Onsite Engineering Report (Reference 141
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01C.ni)
4-77
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5.0
IDENTIFICATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED AND AVAILABLE
TECHNOLOGY
This section presents the Agency's rationale for determining the best
demonstrated available technology (BDAT) for nonwastewater and wastewater forms of
F037 and F038.
As described in EPA's Methodology Document (2). after all applicable and
demonstrated treatment technologies are identified for the wastes of interest, treatment
performance data are examined to identify the technologies that perform "best.'' The
treatment performance data are evaluated to determine:
• Whether the data represent operation of a well-designed and well-
operated treatment system;
• Whether sufficient analytical quality assurance/quality control
measures were used to ensure the accuracy of the data; and
• Whether the appropriate measure of performance was used to assess
the performance of the particular treatment technology.
The Agency then determines whether the best demonstrated technology is "available."
An available treatment technology is one that (1). is commercially available, and
(2) substantially diminishes the waste's toxicity or substantially reduces the likelihood
that hazardous constituents will migrate from the waste.
The Agency determined the best demonstrated technology for each
constituent in F037/F038 by a thorough review of all of the treatment performance data
available for each constituent. In situations where EPA identifies hydrocarbon recovery
technologies as BDAT, determination of which technology is best seeks a level of
substantial treatment that does not preclude the use of other hydrocarbon recovery
NRJ/VW-049
ICP
5-1
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technologies. The treatment performance data that were evaluated are presented in
Section 4.0.
5.1 Data Review
Section 4.0 presents the performance data available to the Agency for
transfer to F037 and F038. The performance data were reviewed and assessed to
determine whether they represented operation of well-designed and well-operated
treatment systems and whether sufficient quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
measures were used to ensure the accuracy of the data. The Agency reviewed the
available treatment data following the guidelines outlined in EPA's Guidebook for
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures for Submission of Data for the Land
Disposal Restrictions Program, as revised July 3, 1991 (14), as well as the Methodology
for Developing BDAT Treatment Standards (2), unless otherwise noted.
Following the data review, the Agency had no reason to believe that any of
the treatment systems were not well-designed or well-operated. Further, the Agency has
determined that it has sufficient, adequate, and well-documented measures to ensure the
accuracy of the data. Therefore, based on review of the operational and QA/QC data,
none of the data were deleted. The performance data were used, as described below, to
determine BDAT for F037 and F038.
52 Accuracy Correction of Treatment Performance Data for Nonwastewaters
Accuracy correction of creatment performance data accounts for analytical
interferences associated with the chemical matrices of samples.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.nrj
5-2
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5.2.1 Organic Constituents
Presented below is a description of how treatment performance data for
organic constituents in no nwaste waters from solvent extraction treatment at Plant Q.
incineration at Plant A. and high temperature thermal distillation at Plant CC were
corrected for accuracy for each BDAT List constituent considered for regulation.
Constituents considered for regulation are discussed in detail in Section 6.0.
Matrix spike recovery data were not submitted or were not available for
nonwastewater organic constituents for the data sets from Plants R, T, BB. and DD.
However, in these cases, the Agency believes that sufficient quality assurance and quality
control were used in the data analysis of the data. Therefore, the data for Plants R, T,
BB and DD were not adjusted for accuracy.
Plant O. Tables E-l and E-2 in Appendix E present detection limits of
organic constituents in the untreated and treated wastes at Plant Q. The matrix spike
and duplicate matrix spike recoveries presented in Table E-3 in Appendix E were used
to adjust the analytical data for the residual solids from solvent extraction treatment of
K048 and K051 at Plant Q. The matrix spike recovery used for each constituent was the
lower of the two values from the matrix spike and the duplicate spike. For constituents
for which a matrix spike was not performed, the average of the recoveries from the first
spike and the average of the recoveries from the duplicate spike were calculated for the
appropriate organic analytical fraction (volatile or semivolatile organics). The lower of
the two matrix spike averages was used to adjust the treatment performance data.
The accuracy correction factor is equal to 100 divided by the matrix spike
percent recovery. Matrix spike recoveries or average matrix spike recoveries greater
than 100% (i.e., recoveries that would result in an accuracy correction factor less than
1.0) were considered to be 100% for the purpose of this calculation so that the data were
not adjusted to concentrations below the detection limits. Matrix spike recoveries of less
NRJ/NW-049
MXK
5-3
-------
than 209c are not acceptable and are not used to correct the data. Accuracy correction
factors presented in Table E-4 in Appendix E were calculated for the treated waste data
from Plant Q. Treatment performance data for each BDAT List organic constituent that
was considered for regulation and was detected in the untreated waste were corrected for
accuracy' by multiplying the effluent value by the appropriate accuracy correction factor;
accuracy-corrected data are presented in Table 5-1.
Plant A. Concentrations of organic constituents in treated waste (ash)
from fluidized-bed incineration of K048 and K051 at Plant A were corrected for accuracy
using data from matrix spike recoveries performed during analysis of the ash samples.
Treatment performance data for each BDAT List organic constituent that was
considered for regulation and was detected in the untreated waste were corrected for
accuracy and are presented in Table 5-2.
Table E-5 in Appendix E presents matrix spike recoveries for BDAT List
volatile organic constituents. For some of the volatile organic constituents regulated in
F037 and F038 nonwastewaters, the matrix spike recovery was determined from the
result of one matrix spike performed for each constituent. For the other constituents, for
which no matrix spike was performed, the volatile matrix spike recovery was derived
from the average matrix spike recovery of all the volatile organic constituents for which
recovery data were available.
Table E-5 in Appendix E also presents matrix spike recoveries for BDAT
List base/neutral extractable semivolatile organic constituents. For some of the
semivolatile organics, the matrix spike recovery used for a semivolatile base/neutral
extractable constituent where duplicate matrix spikes were performed was the lower of
the two values from the first matrix spike and the duplicate spike, as shown in Table E-5.
Where a matrix spike was not performed for a base/neutral extractable semivolatile
constituent, the matrix spike recovery for that constituent was based on semivolatile
organic constituents for which there were recovery data from the two matrix spikes. In
STU/NW-049
1009-01.nrj
5-4
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these cases, an average matrix spike recover, was calculated for all serruvolatile orgarucs
for the first matrix spike and an average was calculated for the duplicate matrix spike
recoveries. The 1 >wer of the two average matrix spike recoveries of semivolatile organic
constituents was used for any semivolatile organic constituent for which no matrix spike
was performed.
Plant CC. Table E-6 in Appendix E presents the matrix spike and
duplicate matrix spike recoveries used to adjust the treatment performance data for the
residual solids from high temperature thermal distillation at Ptant CC. The matrix spike
recovery used to adjust treatment performance data for each constituent was the lower of
the two values from the matrix spike and the duplicate spike. For constituents for which
no matrix spike was performed, the average of the recoveries from the first spike and the
average of recoveries from the duplicate spike were calculated for the appropriate
organic analytical fraction (volatile or semivolatile). The lower of the two averages was
used to adjust the treatment performance data.
Accuracy correction factors presented in Table E-7 in Appendix E were
calculated for the residual solids data from Plant CC. Treatment performance data for
each BDAT List constituent being considered for regulation that was detected in the
untreated waste were corrected for accuracy. These data are presented in Table 5-7.
Matrix spike recoveries or average spike recoveries greater than 100% were considered
to be 100% for the purpose of this calculation so that the data were not adjusted to
concentrations below the detection limits. Matrix spike recoveries of less than 20% are
not acceptable and were not used to correct data.
SRJ/VW-049
5-5
-------
5.2.2
Metal Constituents
Stabilization
Presented below is a description of how treatment performance data for
metal constituents in nonwastewaters from stabilization at Plant I were corrected for
accuracy. Table E-8 in Appendix E presents the matrix spike recoveries determined for
BDAT list metals in TCLP extracts of untreated and treated waste at Plant I. Two
matrix spike analyses were performed for the kiln dust binder, and one matrix spike
analysis was performed for the cement and lime fly ash binders, The lower percent
recovery value from the two matrix spike analyses for a constituent was used as the
recovery for that constituent in the extract from the kiln dust stabilized ash. In cases
where a matrix spike was not performed for a BDAT List metal in the stabilized ash,
and matrix spike data were available for the extract of that BDAT List metal from a
similar matrix (i.e., ash stabilized using other binders), the analytical data were adjusted
using the average matrix spike recovery for the metal in the waste stabilized with other
binders. For example, a matrix spike was not performed for antimony in cement-
stabilized ash; therefore, the analytical data were adjusted using 74%, which was the
average percent recovery for antimony in kiln dust (66% and 81.5%) and in lime and fly
ash (75.1%) stabilized ashes.
The accuracy correction factors for the stabilization data are summarized
in Table E-9 in Appendix E. The corrected treatment concentrations for stabilized
incinerator ash are presented in Table 5-3.
Matrix spike recovery data were not submitted or were not available for
nonwastewater metal constituents for the data sets from Plants R, U, and X. However,
in these cases, the Agency believes that sufficient quality assurance and quality control
were used in data analysis. Therefore, the data for Plants R. U. and X were not
adjusted for accuracy.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 .nq
5-6
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5.2.3
Inorganic Constituent
For cyanide, the matrix spike recovery shown in Table E-5 in Appendix E
was determined from the result of one matrix spike performed on a sample from
Plant A. The corrected concentrations for cyanide in fluidized bed incinerator ash are
presented in Table 5-4.
5.3 Accuracy Correction of Treatment Performance Data For Wastewaters
5.3.1 Organic Constituents
Treatment performance data for BDAT List organic constituents in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 were transferred from F039. Additionally, the F039
data was used to revise the K048-K052 wastewater treatment standards. The accuracy
correction of F037 and F038 organic constituents using F039 data is discussed in detail in
EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background Document
For U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039). Volume A: Wastewater Forms
of Organic U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039) for Which There are
Concentration-Based Treatment Standards (1) and is summarized in Appendix F.
5.3.2 Metal Constituents
The QA/QC information required to adjust the data for accuracy was not
available for performance data for treatment of K062 and metal-bearing characteristic
wastes (9). Therefore, matrix spike recoveries for BDAT List metal constituents were
transferred from matrix spikes performed on the TCLP extracts of residual slag, as
reported in the Onsite Engineering Report for Horsehead (15). Table G-l in
Appendix G presents the matrix spike recoveries for BDAT List metal constituents
considered for regulation in wastewater forms of F037 and F038. The matrix spike
NRJ/VW-T49
10""
5-7
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recovery used for each constituent was the lower of tne two values from the first matrix
spike and the duplicate spike.
Table G-2 in Appendix G summarizes the accuracy correction factors for
BDAT List metal constituents considered for regulation m wastewater forms of F037 and
F038. Table 5-5 presents the corrected concentrations for the BDAT List metal
constituents in F037 and F038 wastewaters.
5.3.3 Inorganic Constituent
The matrix spike and duplicate matrix spike recoveries for cyanide in
combustion gas scrubber water at Plant A were 102% and 104%, respectively. Since
both recovery values are greater than 100%, and, if used, would result in correcting the
data to concentrations below the detection limit, an accuracy correction factor of 1.0 was
used for cyanide. The corrected treatment concentrations for cyanide in the combustion
gas scrubber water from fluidized-bed incineration at Plant A are presented in Table 5-6.
5.4 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for Organic Constituents
in Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038
To determine the best demonstrated technology(ies) for organic
constituents in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038, the Agency examined treatment
performance data from the following plants:
• Solvent extraction at Plant Q (CF Systems' five-pass solvent
extraction unit);
• Solvent extraction at Plant R (CF Systems' three-pass solvent
extraction unit);
• Solvent extraction at Plant T (CF Systems' three-pass solvent
extraction unit);
N'RJ/NW-049
1009-01.81}
5-8
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• Incineration at Plant A (Amoco's Whiting. IN fluidized-bed
incinerator);
• Solvent extraction at Plant BB (CF System's solvent extraction unit);
• High temperature thermal distillation at Plant CC (BFI Thermal
Dynamics' unit); and
• High temperature thermal distillation at Plant DD (Southdown
Thermal Dynamics' unit).
Although the solvent extraction data showed somewhat higher
concentrations of organics in the treated waste than the incineration and high
temperature thermal distillation data, the organic constituent removal efficiency for
solvent extraction, based on data available to the Agency, averaged 98%, comparable to
the 99.7% average efficiency achieved by incineration and the 99% average efficiency
achieved by high temperature thermal distillation.
The Agency determined that both solvent extraction and incineration are
BDAT for organic constituents in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038. The Agency
notes that, in selecting solvent extraction as well as incineration as BDAT for F037 and
F038 wastes, it has included a technology that does not destroy but does remove the
organic constituents of concern. EPA believes this is a permissible and rational decision,
given that solvent extraction is a recovery technology and the statute voices a strong
preference for the use of such technologies. (See H. R. Rep. No. 198, 98th Cong. 1st
Sess. 31.) In addition, solvent extraction does substantially treat these wastes. Thus, the
Agency believes its choice to be consistent with the language of RCRA Section 3004 (m)
and also with the overall statutory goals of encouraging material reuse and waste
minimization. (See RCRA Section 1003(6).)
.Although Southdown Thermal Dynamic's high temperature distillation
process treatment performance data indicate that the process can treat to below the _
applicable F037 and F038 standards, the Agency chose not to declare this process as
NRJ/NW-049
1O0O--• —
5-9
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BDAT The Agency believes that by promulgating more stringent standards, other
commercially available hydrocarbon recovery technologies may be precluded. The
Agency's intent, n accordance with the legislative history of 3004(m), is not to have
technology-forcing standards, but rather, treatment standards which encourage a wide
variety of applicable technologies that reduce hazardous constituent toxicity or mobility-,
Southdown Thermal Dynamic's high temperature distillation process, while
not the basis for the treatment standards, is capable of meeting the F037 and F038
BDAT treatment standards, and is not precluded from use as treatment for F037 and
F038. Likewise, other technologies (excluding impermissible dilution) which can meet
the promulgated F037 and F038 treatment standards are not precluded from use as
treatment technologies.
5.5 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for Metal Constituents in
Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038
To determine the best demonstrated technology(ies) for metal constituents
in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038, the Agency examined treatment performance
data from the following plants:
• Stabilization of fluidized-bed incinerator ash generated from
Amoco's Whiting, IN fluidized-bed incinerator at Plant U (lime and
fly ash binder and lime and fly ash C/F binder);
• Stabilization of fluidized-bed incinerator ash generated from
Amoco's fluidized-bed incinerator at Plant 1 (lime and fly ash
binder);
• Stabilization of solvent extraction residual generated from BP
America's multi-cycle solvent extraction unit at Plant X (unknown
mixture of commercially available binders); and
• Stabilization of solvent extraction residual generated from BP
America's multi-cycle solvent extraction unit at Plant R (unknown
mixture of commercially available binders).
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.ni]
5-10
-------
A statistical comparison of these data showed that data sets for stabilization of the
solvent extraction residual at Plants R and X showed better overall treatment for metal
constituents than the data from Plants I and U. Appendix H presents the statistical
comparison of these data sets. Thus, BDAT treatment standards for metal constituents
in F037 and F038 nonwastewaters were based on stabilization of solvent extraction
residuals.
5.6 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for Organic Constituents
in Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
To determine the best demonstrated technologies for organic constituents
in wastewater forms of F037 and F038, the Agency examined the F039 treatment
performance database. The wastewater data avai'ible for those constituents believed to
be present in F037 and F038 were presented in Section 4.2. For most constituents
believed to be present in F037 and F038, the Agency had treatment performance data
from the Engineering and Analysis Division (formerly ITD) database. The Agency
believes that these data represent the best demonstrated treatment performance for the
following reasons:
• The EAD data are comprised of treatment performance data from
Organic Chemical Plastics and Synthetic Fiber (OCPSF) sampling
episodes. These episodes included long-term sampling of several
industries and the data are therefore a good reflection of the
treatment of organics in industrial wastewaters.
• The EAD data were carefully screened prior to inclusion in the
OCPSF database and were used in determining an EAD
promulgated limit.
• A promulgated EAD limit represents data that have undergone both
EPA and industry review and acceptance.
NRJ/NW-049.
1009-0: -r
5-11
-------
For all but three constituents expected to be present in F037 and F038
(ethylbenzene. phenol, and xylenes), the EAD treatment performance data represents the
best demonstrated treatment for organics in wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
For ethylbenzene. the best demonstrated technology was identified as
biological treatment, because it represents full-scale data developed from EAD sampling
and was used as part of the BDAT Solvents Rule. The effluent concentration achievable
by this technology is supported by similar effluent concentrations from the WERL
activated sludge treatment performance data.
For phenol, the best demonstrated treatment technology was identified as
biological treatment. After a review of the phenol treatment performance data (shown
in Tables 4-29 and 4-30), the Agency felt that the industry-submitted leachate data
available for phenol represented the best data set to use for treatment performance.
The effluent concentration achievable by this technology is supported by similar effluent
concentrations from the WERL activated sludge treatment performance data.
For xylenes, the best demonstrated treatment performance was determined
using the combined data of all three xylene isomers. The best demonstrated treatment
technology was identified as wet air oxidation. As shown in Tables 4-33, 4-34, 4-35, and
4-36, wet air oxidation and reverse osmosis were the only technologies with both full-
scale data and high influent concentration ranges. Reverse osmosis was not able to
achieve as low concentrations in the effluent as wet air oxidation; therefore, wet air
oxidation was selected as the best demonstrated technology.
For the remaining organics, the best demonstrated treatment technologies
were identified as biological treatment and steam stripping. Based on this review of the
F039 treatment performance database, biological treatment, steam stripping, and wet air
oxidation technologies have been identified as the best demonstrated technologies for
organics in wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.nr]
5-12
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5.7 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for Metal Constituents in
Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Wastewaters are generated as residuals from treatment of nonwastewater
forms of F037 and F038. These wastewaters may contain BDAT List metal constituents.
The Agency has identified one technology train as demonstrated for treatment of metals
in wastewater forms of F037 and F038, chromium reduction followed by lime and sulfide
precipitation and vacuum filtration.
The Agency does not have data on treatment of metals in F037 and F038
wastewaters. EPA did collect data from one facility treating K062 and metal-bearing
characteristic wastes using chromium reduction followed by lime and sulfide precipitation
and vacuum filtration. The Agency believes that wastewaters generated from treatment
of F037 and F038 are similar to the untreated K062 and metal-bearing characteristic
wastes in terms of the types and concentrations of metals present in the wastes and the
treatment performance that can be achieved by this technology. Operating data
collected during the K062 treatment performance test indicated that the technology was
properly operated; accordingly, all of the data were transferred to F037 and F038.
The Agency has determined that the treatment performance achieved by
this technology train represents the "best" treatment for metals in F037 and F038
wastewaters, and therefore, the best demonstrated treatment technology train for metals
in F037 and F038 wastewaters is chromium reduction followed by lime and sulfide
precipitation and vacuum filtration.
5-8 Identification of Best Demonstrated Technology for Cvanide in
Nonwastewater and Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
The Agency identified one demonstrated technology for treatment of
cyanide in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038: incineration, including fluidized-bed
N'RJ/NW-049
100" • •••
5-13
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and rotary kiln incineration. The Agency has treatment performance data tor fluidized-
bed incineration of cyanide in K.048 and K.051 at Plant A. The Agency has determined
that, based on the available data, fluidized-bed incineration achieves the "best" treatment
performance for. and therefore, is the best demonstrated treatment technology for.
cyanide in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038.
Scrubber water is generated as a treatment residual from incineration in
systems using wet scrubber air pollution control devices. The Agency has treatment
performance data for cyanide in the combustion gas scrubber water residual from
fluidized-bed incineration treatment of K048. As discussed in the Final BDAT
Background Document for K048-K052 (16), fluidized bed incineration is demonstrated at
a full-scale level for treatment of K048. The Agency does not have data from other
technologies for treating cyanide in wastewater forms of K048-K052, Therefore, the
Agency has determined that the treatment performance achieved by fluidized bed
incineration represents the "best" treatment for cyanide in wastewater forms of F037 and
F038.
The Agency has treatment performance data for the oxidation of cyanide in
wastewaters other than K048-K052. However, because these other wastewater are not
similar to F037, F038, K051, or K048, the Agency prefers to use data from treatment of
K048 to develop the treatment standard for cyanide in wastewater forms of F037 and
F038.
5.9 Availability of the Best Demonstrated Treatment Technologies
As defined earlier in this section, an available treatment technology is one
that (1) is commercially available and (2) substantially diminishes the toxicity of the
waste or substantially reduces the likelihood of hazardous constituents migrating from
the waste.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.nrj
5-14
-------
The best demonstrated technologies tor treatment of nonwastewater forms
of F037 and F038 are incineration (including fluidized bed and rotary kiln), solvent
extraction, and stabilization. Tne best demonstrated technologies for treatment of
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 are biological treatment, wet air oxidation, steam
stripping, incineration, and chromium reduction followed by lime and sulfide
precipitation and vacuum filtration. All of these technologies are considered to be
commercially available.
Treatment performance data from Section 4.0 demonstrate that these
technologies provide substantial treatment of the constituents of concern in F037 and
F038. These technologies are also considered to be available and therefore represent
BDAT for the treatment of nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
NIU/NW-MQ
1009-01 r-
5-15
-------
Table 5-1
Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents in
the Treated Waste from Plant Q
Regulated BDAT List
Constituent
Corrected Concentration in the Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Sample Set
#1
Sample Set
#2
Sample Set
#3
Sample Set
#4
Volatile Organics
Benzene
0.41 '
0.16
0.24
0.18
Ethylbenzene
0.07
<0.06
<0.06
<0.06-
Toluene
0.94
0.37
0.45
0.27
Xylenes (total)
0.26
0.13
0.12
0.12
Semivolatile Organics
Anthracene
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
Ben2o(a)anthracene
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
Benzo(a)pyrene
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
Chrysene
0.63
<0.49
<0.49
<0.49
Phenanthrene
0.69
0.6
<0.49
0.54
Phenol
1.75
1.9
2.86
1.17
Pyrene
0.77
<0.38
<0.38
0.55
< = Indicates a value below the detection limit.
N'RJ/NW-049
1009-01. ni)
5-16
-------
Table 5-2
Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents
in the Treated Waste from Plant A
BDAT List
Constituent
Corrected Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Sample
Set #1
Sample
Set #2
Sample
Set #3
Sample
Set #4
Sample
Set #5
Sample ;
Set #6 i
Volatile Organics
Toluene
3.75
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
Xylenes (total)
2.60
2.60
2.60
7.53
2.60
2.60
Semivolatile Organics
Benzo(a)anthracene
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
Chrysene
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
Naphthalene
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
Phenanthrene
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
Pyrene
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
NRJ/NW-049
1009-0' --
5-17
-------
Table 5-3
Corrected Concentration Data for Metal Constituents
in the Treated Waste from Plant I
BOAT List Coostitnast
Corrected Concentration is
Cement Binder lmg/L)
Corrected Concectratioc in Kiln
Dost Binder (mg/LI
Corrected Coacecrt ration in Lime 1
and Fly Ash Binder fog/Li
Ran 1
Ran 1
Run 3
Run 1
Rim 2
Run 3
Run 1
Run 2
Run 3
Antimony
022
0.22
0 22
C.25
0.2"1
0.25
0.22
0 22
0 22
Areenic
0.004
3.004
O.OCW
0.004
0.004
0.004
0004
0 004
0 3CU
Banum
0.29
030
030
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.58
054
0.62
Beryllium
0.001
0.001
0 001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0^001
0.001
Cadmium
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
Chromium (total)
2.65
2.66
2.71
2.37
2J5
2.49
1.47
158
141
Chromium fhexavalem)
0.66
0.52
3.94
0.37
0.39
2.09
1,43
1 12
0.74
Copper
0,003
0.003
o
o
-1
0 004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0 008
Lead
0.006
0.006
0.011
0.026
0.012
0.008
0.008
0 008
0.008
Nickel
0.025
0.025
¦ 0.025
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.026
0.026
0 026
Selenium
0.03
0.026
0029
0 059
0.057
0.053
0015
0.019
0020
Silver
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
Thallium
0.002
0.015
0.002
0.002
0.002
0,002
0.002
0.002
0 002
Vanadium
1.02
1-57
1.67
349
4.20
336
0.16
0.16
0.017
Zinc
0.078
0.063
012
0.068
0,059
0.044
0 029
0.032
0.076
N'RJ/NW-049
1009-01. ni]
5-18
-------
Table 5-4
Corrected Total Concentration Data for Cyanide in
the Treated Waste From Plant A
BDAT List Constituent
Corrected Concentrations in the Treated Waste
(rag/kg)
Sample Set:
1
2
3
4
5
6
Cyanide
0.1
0.38
0.1
0.48
• 0.1
0.48
NRJ/NW-GM
1009-0' in
5-19
-------
Table 5-5
Corrected Concentration Data for BDAT List Metal Constituents in Wastewater
(K062 and Metal-Bearing Characteristic Wastes)
Corrected Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/I)
Sample Set
BDAT List
Constituent
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
8
9
11
12
Chromium (total)
0.18
0.18
0.29
0.15
0.16
0.15
0.18
0.22
0.15
0.18
0,23
l-ead
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
(1II13
iMRI/NW
IIKW "II nij
-------
Table 5-6
Corrected Concentration Data for Cyanide in K048
Incineration Combustion Gas Scrubber Water from Plant A
BDAT List Constituent
Corrected Concentration in the Combustion Gas Scrubber
Water (rag/L)
Sample
Set #1
Sample
Set #2
Sample
Set #3
Sample
Set #4
Sample
Set #5
Sample
Set #6
Cyanide
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
< = Indicates a value below the detection limit.
NRJ/NW-049
IOC?-" •-
5-21
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Table 5-7
Corrected Concentration Data for Organic Constituents in the
Treated Waste from Plant CC
Regulated BDAT List
Constituents
Corrected Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Sample Set
#1
Sample Set
#2
Sample Set
#3
Sample Set
#4
Sample Set
#5
Volatile Organics
Benzene
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
Ethylbenzene
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
<0.005
Toluene
<0.005
<0.005
0.005
0.024
<0.005
Xylenes (total)
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
Semivolatile Organics
Anthracene
<0.181
<0.179
1.086
<0.179
<0.181
Benzo(a)anthracene
<0.181
<0.179
0.615
<0.179
<0.181
Benzo(a) pyrene
<0.181
<0.179
<0.181
<0.179
<0.181
Chrysene
<0.181
<0.179
0.905
<0.179
<0.181
Phenanthrene
<0.181
<0.179
3.801
0.507
<0.181
Phenol
<0.204
<0.202
<0.204
<0.202
<0.204
Pyrene
<0.L58
<0.156
2.054
<0.156
<0.158
NRJ/VW-049
1009-01.nri
5-22
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6.0 SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS
This section presents the methodology and rationale for selection of
constituents regukted in nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038,
As discussed in Section 2.3, the Agency compared F037 and F038 to K051
and K048, respectively. Based on the available waste characterization data for F037 and
F038, and on the processes generating these wastes, the Agency placed F037 and F038 in
the same waste treatability group as K048-K052. According to their listing definition,
F037 and F038 are generated from similar processes in purpose and design to those
generating K051 and K048, respectively. In Table 2-4, a comparison of characterization
data for F037 and K051 demonstrates that seven organic and four metal hazardous
constituents are common to these wastes. A similar comparison of F038 and K048 in
Table 2-5 shows that six organic and three metal hazardous constituents are common to
these wastes.
The EPA believes, however, that additional hazardous constituents are
likely to be present in F037 and F038 because they are known to be present in K048 and
K051 wastes. Data characterizing process wastewater effluents from refinery operations
are summarized in EPA's Development Document for Effluent I-imitations Guidelines
and Standards in the Petroleum Refining Point Source Category (17). These
characterization data are believed to represent the same untreated petroleum process
wastewaters that generate K048, K051, F038, and F037. These data, in fact, confirm the
presence of those constituents of concern already identified in wastewater forms of K048,
K051, F038, and F037. EPA also believes these characterization data support the
existence of those constituents of concern already identified in nonwastewater forms of
K048 and KQ51 and suspected to be present in nonwastewater forms of F038 and F037.
Tables 6-1 and 6-2 present untreated petroleum process wastewater effluent
characterization data from Reference 17 in comparison to F037 and F038. Table 6-3
presents the constituents chosen for regulation in nonwastewater and wastewater forms
of F037 and F038.
NTU" "¦>
IC
6-1
-------
Table 6-1
Summary of Waste Characterization Data for F037
and Process Wastewater Effluent
BDAT List Constitaent
Concentration Range
F037(l)
(mg/kg)
FO37/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
Effluent(3)
(mg/1)
Organics
Acenaphthene*
NR
NR
ND-.041
Anthracene*
NR
NR
ND-.081
Benzene*
1.88-200 .
0.1-2500
ND-5.8
Benzo(a)anthracene"
ND-130
NR
ND-.012
Benzo(a)pyrene*
ND-83.2
ND-42
NR
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane
NR
NR
ND-TRb
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether
NR
NR
ND-TRb
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate*
NR
NR
ND-TR
Butyl benzyl phthalate
NR
NR
ND-0.016
Chlorobenzene
NR
NR
ND-.031"
Chloroform
NR
NR
ND-0.021
2-Chlorophenol
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Chrysene*
ND-138
5-120
ND-.012
Dibenz(a,h)anthraeene
ND-22.7
NR
NR
1,2-Dichloroethane
NR
NR
ND-0.054
Diethyl phthalate
NR
NR
ND-.038
2,4-Dimethylphenol
NR
NR
ND-9.3
Dimethyl phthalate
NR
NR
ND-TRb
Di-n-butyl phthalate'
NR
NR
ND-.04
2.4-Dinitrotoluene
NR
NR
ND-0.026
NTU/NW-049
1009-Ol.nrj
6-2
-------
Table 6-1
(Continued)
BOAT List Constituent
Concentration Range
F037(l)
(rag/kg)
F037/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
EflfluentO)
(mg/1)
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
NR
NR
ND-.0236
Ethylenebenzene*
NR
NR
ND-18
Fluoranthene
NR
NR
ND-TR
Fluorene'
NR
NR
ND-0.063
Isophorone
NR
NR
ND-.012b
Methylene Chloride
NR
NR
ND-.012b
Naphthalene*
NR
110
ND-0.62
N-Nitroso diphenyl amine
NR
NR
ND-.041b
Pentachlorophenol
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Phenanthrene*
0.0948-332
NR
ND-0.081
Phenol
NR
NR
ND-14
Pyrene
0.00352-216
ND-143
ND-0.021
Tetrachloroethylene
NR
NR
ND-0.018"
Toluene*
ND-1210
0.7-2100
ND-48
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
NR
NR
ND-0,015b
Xylenes (total)'
NR
NR
NR
Metals
Antimony
NR
74-230
ND
Arsenic
ND-61
19-49
ND-0.069
Barium
NR
109-225
NR
Cadmium
NR
3.2-7.7
ND
NRJ/NW-049
10OT-T'
6-3
-------
Table 6-1
(Continued)
BOAT List Constituent
Concentration Range
F037(l)
(mg/kg)
F037/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
EfFluent(3)
(ntg/l)
Chromium (total)*
12-2020
1-5500
0.064-2.196
Copper
NR
39-930
ND-0.057
Lead*
22-4570
0.53-1725
ND-0.043
Mercury
NR
1-6
ND-0.00108
Nickel
12.4-740
18-56
ND-0.027b
Selenium
NR
12-770
ND-0.682
Silver
NR
1-31
ND
Vanadium
NR
56-<90
NR
Zinc
NR
300-3940
0.036-0.405
Inorganics
Cyanide*
NR
ND
0.01-9.0
< - Indicates a value below the detection limit.
NR = Not reported
ND = Not detected
TR = In traces, but below detection limit.
"Regulated constituent in KQS1.
•Detected at only one plant.
References:
(1) U.S. EPA. Summary of Data and Enpneenng Analyses Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater Treatment Sludges,
Final Report. April 8, 1988 (3).
(2) Summary of Industry Submitted Data in the February 11. 1985 RCRA Docket. Docket #FS5-PRAN-FFTT
(3) U.S. EPA. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Refining Pomi
source Category, October 1982 (IT),
NRJ/NW-M9
1009-01 nrj
6-4
-------
Table 6-2
Summary of Waste Characterization Data for F038
and Process Wastewater Effluent
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range
F038(l)
(mg/kg)
F037/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
Effluent(3)
(mg/1)
Organics
Acenaphthene
NR
NR
ND-.041
Anthracene
NR
NR
ND-.081
Benzene*
< 1-89.5
0.1-2500
ND-5.8
Benzo(a)anthracene
ND-69.7
NR
ND-.012
Benzo(a)pyrene*
ND-67.6
ND-42
NR
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate*
NR
NR
ND-TR
Butyl benzyl phthalate
NR
NR
ND-0.016
Chlorobenzene
NR
NR
ND-.031b
Chloroform
NR
NR
ND-0.021
2-Dichlorophenol
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Chrysene*
ND-125
5-120
ND-.012
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
ND-13.1
NR
NR
1,2-Dichloroe thane
NR
NR
ND-0.054
Diethyl' phthalate
NR
NR
ND-.038
2,4-Dimethylphenol
NR
NR
ND-9.3
Dimethyl phthalate
NR
NR
ND-TRb
Di-n-butyl phthalate*
NR
NR
ND-.04
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
NR
NR
ND-0.02b
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 nr
6-5
-------
Table 6-2
(Continued)
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range
F038(l)
(mg/kg)
FO37/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
Effluent(3)
(mg/D
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
NR
NR
ND-.023"
Ethylenebenzene*
NR
NR
ND-18
Fluoranthene
NR
NR
ND-TR
Fluorene"
NR
NR
ND-0.063
Isophorone
NR
NR
ND-,012"
Methylene Chloride
NR
NR
ND-.012"
Naphthalene*
NR
110
ND-0.62
N-Nitroso diphenyl amine
NR
NR
ND-.041"
Pentachlorophenol
NR
NR
ND-TR"
Phenanthrene*
ND-439
NR
ND-0.081
Phenol*
NR
NR
ND-14
Pyrene*
ND-170
ND-143
ND-0.021
Tetrachloroethylene
NR
NR
ND-0.018"
Toluene*
ND-262
0.7-2100
ND-48
1,1,1-Trichloroe thane
NR
NR
ND-0.015b
Xylenes (total)*
NR
NR
NR
Metals
Antimony
NR
74-230
ND
Arsenic
0.34-109.4
1949
ND-0.069
Barium
NR
109-225
NR
Cadmium
NR
3.2-7.7
ND
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 .rwj
6-6
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Table 6-2
(Continued)
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration Range
F038(l)
(mg/kg)
F037/F038(2)
(mg/kg)
Process
Wastewater
Effluent(3)
(mg/1)
Chromium (total)1
2.5-2990
1-5500
0.064-2.196
Copper
NR
39-930
ND-0.057
Lead'
< 1-3900
0.53-1725
ND-0.043
Mercury
NR
1-6
ND-0.00108
Nickel
<0.16-95
18-56
ND-0.027"
Selenium
NR
12-770
ND-0.682
Silver
NR
1-31
ND
Vanadium
NR
56- <90
NR
Zinc
NR
300-3940
0.036-0.405
inorganics
Cyanide*
NR
ND
0.01-9.0
< - Indicates a value below the detection limit.
NR = Not reported
VD = Not detected
TR » In traces, but below detection limit.
'Regulated constituent in K048.
'Detected at only one plant.
References:
(1) U.S. EPA, Summary of Data and Engineering Analyses Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater Treaiment SUdges
Final Report. April 8. 1988 (3).
(2) Summary of Industry Submitted Data in the February 11. 1985 RCRA Docket. Docket #F85-PRAN-FFFFF.
(3) U S. EPA. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Refining Point
source Category, October 1982 (17).
NRJ/NW-049
1009-T'
6-7
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Table 6-3
BDAT List Constituents Regulated in F037 and F038
Nonwastewatcr
Wastewater
F037
F038
F037
FOM
Anthracene
Benzene
Acenaphthene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrcne
Benzo(a)anthracene
Bis(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalatc
Benzene
Bis(2-ethyl he*yl)-phlhalate
Bcmo(a)pyrenc
Chromium (total)
Benzo(a)an( hrace ne
Chromium (total)
Bis(2-ethyl-hexyl)phlhalale
Chrysene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Chrysene
Chromium (total)
Cyanide (total)
Bis(2 ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
Cyanide (total)
Chrysene
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Chromium (total)
Din-butyl phthalate
Cyanide (total)
Ethylbenzene
Chrysene
Ethylbenzene
Din-butyl phthalate
Naphthalene
Cyanide (total)
Fluorene
Ethyl benzene
Nickel
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Lead
Naphthalene
Phenanthrene
Ethylbenzene
Naphthalene
Nickel
Phenol
Fluorene
Phenanthrene
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
Lead
Phenol
Phenol
Toluene
Naphthalene
Pyrene
Pyiene
Xylene (total)
Phenanthrene
Toluene
Toluene
Phenol
Xylene (total)
Xylene (total)
Pyrene
Toluene
Xylene (total)
NKI/NW (MV
IIKW4JI mj
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7.0
CALCULATION OF TREATMENT STANDARDS
This section discusses the treatment standard calculations for the
constituents regulated in FQ37 and F038; treatment standards were determined using the
available performance data from the treatment technologies identified as BOAT.
Included in this section is a step-bv-step discussion of the.calculation of treatment
standards for the nonwastewater and wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
BDAT treatment standards for nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 are
based on the best demonstrated available technologies of solvent extraction, incineration,
and stabilization. BDAT treatment standards for wastewater forms of FQ37 and F038
are based on the demonstrated and available technologies of biological treatment, wet
air oxidation, steam stripping, incineration, and chromium reduction followed by lime
and sulfide precipitation and vacuum filtration.
The treatment standards were calculated using the following general steps.
(1) The arithmetic average of the accuracy-corrected concentrations for each regulated
constituent in the treated waste was calculated. (2) Using the same corrected
concentrations, a factor was calculated that represents the variability inherent in
treatment system performance, sample collection, and sample analysis. Where
concentrations in the treated waste were reported as less than or equal to the detection
limit for all the data points in the data set, the Agency assumed a lognormal distribution
of data points between the detection limit and a value 1/10 of the detection limit and
calculated a variability factor of 2.8. (3) The treatment standard for each regulated
constituent was calculated by multiplying the arithmetic average of the corrected
treatment values for the constituent by the variability factor.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01
7-1
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7.1
Calculation of Treatment Standards for Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and
F038
Organics
The best measure of performance for waste recovery or destruction
technologies, such as solvent extraction and incineration, is the total amount of
constituent remaining in the residual after treatment. Therefore, BDAT treatment
standards for nonwastewater organic constituents were calculated based on total
constituent concentration data for treatment residuals. BDAT for organic constituents in
nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 waste is solvent extraction and incineration. The
treatment standards for organic constituents in nowastewater forms of F037 and F038
were developed using the seven sources of treatment performance data that were
described in Section 4.0 of this document. The seven data sources consist of:
From Plant Q, four sample sets of treatment performance data for
CF Systems' five-pass solvent extraction followed by centrifugation
of a K048 and K051 mixture;
From Plant R, four sample sets of treatment performance data for
CF Systems' three-pass solvent extraction consisting of one sample
set each for K048, K049, K051, and K052;
From Plant T, 12 sample sets of treatment performance data for CF
Systems' three-pass solvent extraction consisting of ten sample sets
for a K048-K052 mixture, two sample sets of data for K051, and one
sample set for K049;
From Plant A, six sample sets of treatment performance data for
fluidized-bed incineration of a K048 and K051 mixture;
From Plant BB, 20 sample sets of treatment performance data for
CF Systems' solvent extraction unit for a K048-K052 mixture;
From Plant CC, five sample sets of treatment performance data for
Southdown Thermal Dynamic's high temperature thermal distillation
(HT-5) process for a simulated K051 waste; and
\RJ/N~W-049
lOOMl.iuj
7-2
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From Plant DD, three sample sets of treatment performance data
for Southdown Thermal Dynamic's HT-5 process, consisting of one
sample set each of data for K048, K059. and K051.
Table 5-1 of this document presents the accuracy-corrected total
concentrations for each organic constituent in the residual solids from solvent extraction
at Plant Q. Table 5-5 of this document presents the accuracy-corrected total
concentration values for incinerator ash at Plant A. Table 5-7 of this document presents
the accuracy-corrected total concentration values for high temperature thermal
distillation at Plant CC The total concentration for each organic constituent in the
raffinate for solvent extraction at Plants R, T, BB, and DD are presented in Tables 4-1
through 4-14 of this document (the data for Plants R, T, BB, and DD were not corrected
for accuracy, as discussed in Section 5.2). Data are presented for all regulated organic
constituents.
Tables 7-1 and 7-2 summarize the calcu'ation of treatment standards for
organic constituents in nonwastewater forms of FG37 and F038. The treatment standard
for each regulated organic constituent in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 was
calculated as follows;
• The seven available data sources from Plants Q, R, T, A, BB, CC,
and DD were reviewed to determine the sample set with the most
difficult to treat waste, typically the one with the highest constituent
concentration (including detection limit values) for the constituent in
the untreated waste. The Agency assumed that high detection limit
values in the untreated waste indicated high concentrations of a
constituent if other available data (untreated waste data or data
showing the presence of the constituent in the treated waste)
indicated that the constituent was indeed present in the untreated
waste but was not detected because of matrix interferences; and
• The concentration of the constituent in the treated waste that
corresponded to the untreated waste concentration identified above
was then multiplied by a variability factor of 2.8 to determine the
treatment standard for the constituent. The variability factor of 2.8
NRJ/NW-049
lOO®-"' nrj
7-3
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is used by the Agency to account for variability when only one data
point is used in a treatment standard calculation (2).
EPA adopted this methodology for treatment standard calculations for
K048-K052 in response to comments on the proposed treatment standard revisions for
organics in K048-K052; the comments emphasized that the existing data transfer and
data analysis protocols used by EPA may not adequately account for the wide variability
in waste characteristics of petroleum wastes. In order to develop realistic and achievable
BDAT treatment standards, the Agency accounted for the most difficult to treat wastes,
typically those containing the highest concentrations of the constituents of concern in the
untreated waste. Further, the treatment performance data available to the Agency
indicated that solvent extraction technologies may be matrix dependent to some extent.
Thus, variations in waste feed must be taken into account in assessing the performance
of solvent extraction technologies.
In addition, the Agency does not believe that it would be technically valid
to develop a variability factor for each constituent by pooling all of the available
treatment performance data for solvent extraction, because the data were obtained from
several different types of solvent extraction technologies and each treatment test from
which data were generated was conducted under different conditions (e.g., CF Systems'
solvent extraction treatment data for three-pass and five-pass operations). Pooling the
data would have created artificially high variability factors, leading to unrealistically high
BDAT treatment standards.
The Agency believes that this methodology accounts for between-refinery
variability. The Agency's methodology also accounts for the variability inherent in
treatment system performance as well as in the collection and analysis of treated waste
samples.
NRJ/NW-OW
1009-01 nr)
7-4
-------
The Agency, by adopting this revised methodology, is avoiding the mandate
of a technology-forcing approach to regulation. Rather, the Agency has stated that
treatment standards are to be based on the use of available technologies-that are capable
of substantially reducing the threats that the wastes may pose when they are land
disposed (55 FR 6641 at n.l).
Legislative history confirms that Congress did not necessarily envision
technology-forcing 3004(m) treatment standards. Rather, the standards were intended to
force the use of generally available and effective types of treatment (see 125 Cong. Rec.
S9178, July 25, 1984, statement of Senator Chaffee introducing the amendment that
became Section 3004(m):
"The requisite levels [or] methods of treatment established by
the Agency should be the best that has [sic] been
demonstrated to be available. This does not require a BAT-
type process as under the Clean Air or Clean Water Acts
which contemplates technology-forcing standards. The intent
here is to require utilization of available technologies in lieu
of continued land disposal without prior treatment."
(Congressional Record of July 25, 1984, S9178).
Thus, standards based on the use of "best" treatment technologies need not be limited to
optimally performing treatment, but include types of treatment that substantially reduce
wastes' toxicity and short and long-term threats that the wastes could pose when land
disposed. Therefore, the Agency believes the adopted BDAT methodology is justified
and allowable.
Treatment standards for four of the regulated constituents,
benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, and chrysene, are based
on data in the treated waste from Plant R that correspond to data in the untreated waste
that were below the detection limit. Because these constituents were present in the
treated waste, and based on the available characterization data, the Agency believes that
MU/NW-049
loo?-/1:
7-5
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these constituents were also present in the untreated waste from Plant R but were not
detected because of matrix interferences. Therefore, the data from Plant R were used to
calculate treatment standards for these constituents.
Treatment standards for di-n-buryl phthalate and phenol are based on
detection limits in the treated waste from Plant R that correspond to untreated wastes
also below the detection limit. Based on the available characterization data (see Section
2.0 of Reference 16), the Agency believes that these constituents were present in the
untreated waste from Plant R but were not detected because of matrix interference.
Therefore, the data from Plant R were used to calculate treatment standards for these
constituents.
The calculation of treatment standards for constituents for which the most
difficult to treat waste did not correspond to the highest concentration of the constituent
in the untreated waste is described below.
Benzene. The highest concentration for benzene in the untreated waste,
370 ppm from Plant R, corresponds to a treated waste value of 0.05 mg/kg. The
resulting treatment standard would be so low that it would preclude the use of many
solvent extraction, incineration, and other hydrocarbon technologies for treatment of
K048-K052. Therefore, the Agency used the benzene concentration of <5 mg/kg in the
treated waste from Plant R, sample set 3, which contains the highest overall
concentrations of volatile constituents in the untreated waste, to calculate the treatment
standard for benzene.
Di-n-butvl phthalate. The highest concentration for di-n-butyl phthalate in
an untreated waste was 230 mg/kg from K051 treated at Plant A. However, the waste
feed at Plant A was a mixture of 34% K048 and 66% K051. Considering the
contribution of di-n-butyl phthalate from each waste, the highest concentration of di-n-
butyl phthalate in the untreated waste mixture was 182 mg/kg. Accordingly, the highest
NJU/NW-049
1009-01.nn
7-6
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concentration tor di-n-butyl phthalate in a single untreated u-aste from the four data
sources considered is <200 mg/kg from Plant R. Tne corresponding treated waste value
of < 1.3 mg/kg was used to calculate the treatment standard for di-n-butyl phthalate. As
discussed above, the Agency believes that, based on the available characterization data,
di-n-butyl phthalate was present in the untreated waste at Plant R. but was not detected
because of matrix interferences.
Ethvlbenzene. The highest concentration for ethylbenzene in an untreated
waste, 239 mg/kg from Plant CC, corresponds to a treated waste value of 0.0005 mg/kg.
The Agency believes that calculating a treatment standard based on this number would
result in a treatment standard so low that it would preclude the use of some solvent
extraction and other recovery technologies for treatment of F037 and F038. The
untreated waste value of 160 mg/kg from Plant R, with a corresponding treated waste
value of 5.0 mg/kg, was selected by the Agency as the sample set that allows for the
most variability in concentrations in untreated wastes while resulting in a treatment
standard that is believed to be sufficiently protective of human health and the
environment and that can be met by all of the technologies considered in developing
BDAT treatment standards.
Naphthalene. The highest concentration for naphthalene in an untreated
waste, 770 mg/kg from Plant DD, corresponds to a treated waste value of 0.33 mg/kg.
The Agency believes that calculating a treatment standard based on this value would
result in a treatment standard so low that it would preclude the use of some solvent
extraction and other recovery technologies for treatment of F037 and F038. The
untreated waste value of 550 mg/kg from Plant R. with a corresponding treated waste
value of 15.0 mg/kg, was selected by the Agency as the sample set that allows for the
most variability in concentrations on untreated wastes while resulting in a treatment
standard that is believed to be sufficiently protective of human health and the
environment and that can be met by all of the technologies considered in developing
BDAT treatment standards.
NRJ.'VW-049
i"-"' "• -n
7-7
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Pvrene. The highest concentration for pyrene in an untreated waste, <350 '
mg/kg from Plant T, corresponds to a treated waste value of 3.7 mg/kg. The Agency
believes that calculating a treatment standard based on this value would result in a
treatment standard so low that it would preclude the use of some solvent extraction
technologies for treatment of F037 and F038. The untreated waste value of 43 mg/kg
from Plant R, with a corresponding treated waste value of 13 mg/kg, was selected by the
Agency as the sample set that allows the most waste variability while resulting in a
treatment standard that is believed to be sufficiently protective of human health and the
environment and that can be met by all of the solvent extraction and incineration
technologies considered in developing BDAT treatment standards.
Metals
BDAT for metal constituents in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 is
stabilization. Stabilization reduces the leachability of metals in a waste. The best
measure of performance for stabilization technologies s the analysis of an extract of the
waste. Therefore, the BDAT treatment standards for chromium and nickel in
nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 were calculated based on concentrations in waste
extracts using the Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP).
For nickel, the treatment performance achieved for each of the available
data sets discussed in Section 4.0 of this document was statistically compared using
Duncan's Multiple-Range Test. Results of the statistical comparison indicated that the
data from Plants R and X demonstrated better treatment performance than the data
from Plants I or U (results of the statistical comparison are presented in Appendix F of
this document). Data from Plants R and X were generated using the same technology
and were pooled to calculate the standard for nickel. Therefore, the BDAT treatment
standard for nickel in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038 was calculated based on
six sample sets of treatment performance data for stabilization of solvent extraction
residual: four sample sets from multi-cycle solvent extraction of a K048-K052 mixture at
NRJ/NW-049
',009-01.orj
7-8
-------
Plant X and two sample sets of data from multi-cycle solvent extraction of a K049-K051
mixture at Plant R.
The treatment standard for nickel was calculated by first averaging the
treated waste values. A variability factor was then calculated from the treated waste
values; this factor was then multiplied by the average of the treated waste values to
determine the treatment standard. (A detailed discussion on the calculation of
variability factors is presented in Reference 2).
For chromium, BDAT treatment standards are based on performance data
from stabilization of incinerator ash from Plant A. Three data sets for lime and fly ash
stabilization were used to calculate the treatment standards for chromium in F037 and
F038.
Table 7-3 presents the calculation of treatment standards for chromium
and nickel in nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038.
Cyanide
The BDAT treatment standard for cyanide in nonwastewater forms of F037
and F038 is based on performance data from fluidized bed incineration of K048 and
K051 at Plant A. The standard was calculated based on total constituent concentration
data from six data sets. Table 7-4 presents the calculation of the cyanide treatment
standard for nonwastewater forms of F037 and F038.
N'RJ/NW-049
1009-01.nij
7-9
-------
Calculation of Treatment Standards for Wastewater Forms of F037 and
F038
Organics
Calculation of the BDAT treatment standards tor organic constituents in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 involves three steps. These are: (1) accuracy
correction of the treatment performance data to take into account any analytical
interferences associated with the chemical make-up of the samples (accuracy correction
of wastewater organics is discussed in Section 5.3,1 and Appendix D); (2) determination
of a variability factor specific to each constituent in a treatment performance data set to
correct for normal variations in the performance of a particular technology over time;
and (3) calculation of the treatment standard, which is equal to the average effluent
concentration multiplied by the variability factor. Determination of variability factors for
wastewater organics is discussed in Appendix I. The calculation of the treatment
standards for each BDAT List constituent regulated in F037 and F038 is presented in
Table 7-5.
Mssais
The Agency does not have performance data for treatment of metals in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038. However, the Agency has performance data from
treatment of K062 and metal-bearing characteristic wastes using chromium reduction
followed by lime and sulfide precipitation and vacuum filtration. The Agency believes
that K062 and metal-bearing characteristic wastes are sufficiently similar to wastewater
forms of F037 and F038, as discussed previously in Section 5.7. Therefore, treatment
performance data for K062 and metal-bearing characteristic wastes were transferred to
each metal regulated in wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01.ii rj
7-10
-------
BDAT for metals in wastewater forms of F03~ and F038 is chromium
reduction followed by lime and sulfide precipitation and vacuum filtration. The best
measure of performance for a removal technology such as this treatment train is the total
amount of constituent remaining after treatment. Therefore, BDAT treatment standards
for metals in wastewater forms of F037 and F038 were calculated based on total
constituent concentration data. The calculation of treatment standards for metals in
wastewater forms of F037 and F038 is presented in Table 7-6.
Cyanide
Incineration generally results in the generation of two treatment residuals:
ash (a nonwastewater form) and combustion gas scrubber water (a wastewater form).
The best measure of performance for a destruction technology, such as incineration, is
the total amount of constituent remaining after treatment. Therefore, the BDAT
treatment standard for cyanide in wastewater forms of F037 and F038 was calculated
based on total constituent concentration in the combustion gas scrubber water.
The BDAT treatment standard for cyanide in wastewater forms of F037
and F038 was calculated based on six sample sets of treatment performance data for
combustion gas scrubber water from fluidized bed incineration of K048. The treatment
standard for cyanide was calculated by first averaging the six accuracy-corrected treated
waste values. A variability factor was then calculated from the six treated waste values,
and the variability factor was multiplied by the average of the corrected treated waste
values to determine the treatment standard. Table 7-7 presents the calculation of the
treatment standard for cyanide in wastewater forms of F037 and F038.
VRJ/NW-049
1009-"1" --
7-11
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Table 7-1
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Organic Constituents in Nonwastewater Forms of F037
Regulated Constiteem
Data
Source"
Technology
BW
Highest
Coocentratioa
la Untreated
Waste (nig/kg)
Corresponding
Cooceotratioa
la Treated
Waste (mg/kg)
Variability
Factor (VF>
Treatment
Standard '
(Treated Wast®
Cone, i VF>
(mg/kg)
Volatile Organcs
Benzene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
100"
<5 0
2.8
14
Ethylbenzene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
160
<5 0
2.8
14
Toluene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
1300
<5 0
2.8
14
Xylenes (total)
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
1600
79
2.8
22
SaaitofatJt Orgaaic*
Anthracene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
667
100
2.8
28
Benzo(a)anthracene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
7.2
2.8
20
Benzo(a)pyrene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
4.3
2.8
12
Bis(2-ethy)hexyl)phthalate
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
2.61
2.8
7.3
Chrysene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
52
2.8
15
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
< 200"
<1.3
2.8
3 6
Naphthalene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
550
15.0
2.8
42
Phenantbrene
Plant T
CFS 3-Pass
1360
12.0
2.8
Phenol
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
<13
2.8
3.6
Pyrene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
43"
13.0
2.8
36
< - Indicates a value below the detection limit.
'See Appendix A of this document for plant codes.
'CF Systems' propane solvent extraction unit
Tlus value does not correspond to the highest concentration in the untreated waste for this constituent. See Section 7-1 for a
description of the treatment standard calculation for this constituent.
"These values have been rounded off to show two significant figures only.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01. nq
7-12
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Table 7-2
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Organic Constituents in Nonwastewater Forms of F038
Regulated Constituent
Data
Soorce"
Technology
Balis'
Highest
Concentration
la
Untreated
Waste
(mg/kg)
Corresponding
Concentration
In
Treated Watte
(mg/fcg)
Variability
Factor
(VF)
Treatment
Standard '
(Treated
Waste
Cone. * VFt
(mg;1tg)
VoUtfes
Benzene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
IOC
<5.0
2.8
14
Ettivlbenzene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
160
<5.0
2 8
14
Toluene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
1300
<5.0
2.8
14
Xylenes (total)
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
1600
7.9
2.8
22
SemirolaiSei
Benzo(a)pyrene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
4.3
2.8
12
Bis(2-ethy1hexy1)phthalate
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
2.61
2.8
7.3
Chrysene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
5.2
2.8
15
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200-
<1.3
2.8
36
Naphthalene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
500
15.0
2.8
42.
Phenanthrene
Plant T
CFS 3-Pass
1360
12.0
2.8
34.
Phenol
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
<200
<1.3
2.8
3.6
Pyrene
Plant R
CFS 3-Pass
AT
13.0
2.8
36
< - Indicates a value below the detection limit.
' - See Appendix A of this document for plant codes.
'CF Systems' propane solvent extraction unit.
This value does not correspond to the highest concentration in the untreated waste for this constituent. See Section 7-1 for a
descnption of the treatment standard calculation for this constituent.
These values have been rounded off to show two significant figures only
\RJ/NW-049
1009-0: --
7-13
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Table 7-3
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Metals in Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Regulated
Constituent
Concentration In
Untreated Waste
(mg/l in TCLP
extract)
Technology Basis
Aritiimetk Average of
Corrected Treatment
Values (ng/l in TCLP
extract)
Variability Factor
Treatment Standard* 1
(Average x VF)
(mg/l In TCLP
extract)
Chromium
(total)
2.64-3.26''
Stabilization
1.48
1 14
1.7
Nickel
0.15-0.2T
Stabilization
0.0733
2.77
(1 20
"I his is the range of concern rations (or nickel in the raffinale from solvent eMrmlion treatment of KM9 and K05I frum Plant R, and a K04K-KU52 nmiutr In.m I'Unt X
"lliis is (he range of concentrations fur chromium in Ihe unsubilizcd incincralur ash from Plant A.
'Hits value has been rounded off to show two significant figures only.
NIU/NW (MM
1(109-01 nij
-------
Table 7-4
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Cyanide in Nonwastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Regulated
Constituent
Uastablllzed
Incinerator Ash*
from Plant A
(rog/kg)
Technology Basis
Arithmetic Average
of Corrected
Treatment Values
(¦jr/M
Variability Factor
(VF)
Treatment
Standard
(Average x VF)
(mg/kg)
Cyanide (total)
0.05-1.4" and <0.11.0°
Incineration
0.28
637
I.H
'Kit' extract concentration:, for the unstabilizcd aih have been corrected for recovery
'Range in untreated K051 lmrr> Plant A.
•Range in untreated K048 from Flam A
NRJ/NW-IM'^
IKW III nrj
-------
Table 7-5
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Organic Constituents in Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Constituents
Long Term
Avg, Eff
(mg/1)
Variability
Factor
Accuracy
Correction
Factor
Df|4 T
dDAI
Treatment
Standard
(mg/1)
Acenaphthene
0,010
5.9
NA
0.059
Anthracene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.059
Benzene
0.010
14
NA
0.14
Benzo(a)anthracene
0.010
5,9
NA
0.059
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.061
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
0.047
5.9
NA
0.28
Chrysene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.059
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
0.018
3.2
NA
0.057
Ethylbenzene
0.010
5.7
NA
0.057
Fluorene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.059
Naphthalene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.059
Phenanthrene
0.010
5.9
NA
0.059
Phenol
0.010
2.8
1.4
0.039
Pyrene
0.011
5.9
NA
0.067
Toluene
0.010
8.0
NA
0.080
Xylenes (total)
0.056
5.7
NA
0J2
NA = No! 'applicable
Note: The BDAT treatment standards are the same for a given constituent regulated m both FW? and F038.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01 .ruj
7-16
-------
Table 7-6
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Metals in Wastewater Forms of F037 and F038
Regulated
Constituent
Concentration of
Untreated K048 at
Plant A (mg/ltg)
Technology Basis
Arithmetic Average
of Corrected
Treatment Values
(mg/l)
Variability Factor
(VF)
Treatment Standard
(Average x VF)
(mg/1)
Chromium (total)
393-2,581*
Chromium reduction followed by
lime and sulfide precipitation
and vacuum filtration
0.19
I.IW
0.20
Lead
0.02 2 i
-------
Table 7-7
Calculation of Treatment Standards for
Cyanide in Wastewater Forms of F037-F038*
Regulated
1 Constituent
Concentration In
Untreated Waste*
(mg/kg)
Technology Basis
Arithmetic Average
of Corrected
Treatment Values
(mg/l)
Variability Factor
(W)
Treatment Standard'
(Average * VK)
(mg/l)
| Cyanide
<0.06-7.9
Incineration
0.01
2.8
0.02K
Treatment performance data for cyanide in K04& were transferred 10 F03? and PU38.
"litis i$ ihe range of concentrations for cyanide in Ihc untreated K048 and KOSI from fluidized-bed incineration at Plant A
"IThis value has been rounded off 10 show two significant figures only.
NKJ/NW-fMV
IUW III nr)
-------
8.0
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Radian Corporation has provided technical support for the development of
this document for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste
under Contract No. 68-W9-0072. This document was prepared under the direction of
Richard Kinch. Chief, EPA's Waste Treatment Branch; Larry Rosengrant, Section Chief.
Treatment Technology Section; and Angela Wilkes, Project Officer for the Radian
contract. Jose E. Labiosa served as the Work Assignment Manager. Steve Silverman
served as EPA legal advisor.
The following personnel from Radian Corporation supported the
development of this document: Thomas Ferguson, Program Manager; Mary Willett,
Project Director; and the Radian engineering team, Tania Ashman-AIlam, Julian
Bentley, Jennifer Darin, Robert Shark, and Chrisanti Haretos.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-'"' - -
8-1
-------
9.0 REFERENCES
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste, Final Best
Demonstrated Available Technology fBDAT) Background Document for U and P
Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039). Volume A: Wastewater Forms of
Organic U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039) for Which There .Are
Concentration-Based Treatment Standards. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Washington. D.C. 1990.
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Methodology for
Developing BDAT Treatment Standards. U.S. Environmental Protection Agencv.
Washington, D.C. 1989.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Summary of Data
and Engineering Analysis Performed for Petroleum Refining Wastewater
Treatment Sludges. Final Report. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Washington, D.C. 1988.
4. Centrell, Aileen. March 30, 1987. "Annual Refining Survey." Oil and Gas
Journal. Vol. 83, No. 13.
5. Unocal Corporation. February 1992. Comments on Land Disposal Restrictions
for Newly Listed Wastes and Contaminated Debris, EPA RCRA Docket F-91-
CD2P-FFFFF. 1201 West 5th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90051.
6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Final Amendment
to the Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology fBDAT) Background
Document for Wastes from the Petroleum Refining Industry K048, KQ49, KQ50,
K051. K052. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 1990.
7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Treatment
Technology Background Document. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Washington, D.C. June 1989.
8. State of California Department of Toxic Substances Control Alternative
Technology Division. April 1, 1992. Treatment Standards for Non-RCRA
Organic Containing Petroleum Hazardous Waste.
9. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Onsite
Engineering Report of Treatment Technology Performance and Operation for
Envirite Corporation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C.
1986.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01-nrj
9-1
-------
10. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Best
Demonstrated Available Technology- (BPAT*) Background Document for FOfll-
FQ05 Spent Solvents. Volume 2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 1986,
11. Exxon Company. U.S.A. Exxon Comments on EPA's proposed rule, "Land
Disposal Restriction for Third Third of Scheduled Wastes." Submitted to EPA
RCRA Docket F-89-LD12-FFFFF. Comment No. LD1200031. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 1989.
12. Amoco Corporation. Amoco Corporation Comments on EPA's proposed rule,
"Land Disposal Restriction for Third Third of Scheduled Wastes." Submitted to
EPA RCRA Docket F-89-LD12-FFFFF. Comment No. LD1200041. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Washington. D.C. 1989.
13. B.P. Research, B.P. America. BP Research Comments on EPA's proposed rule.
"Land Disposal Restriction for Third Third of Scheduled Waste." Submitted to
EPA RCRA Docket F-89-LD 12-FFFFF. Comment No. LD1200055. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 1989.
14. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Onsite
Engineering Report of Treatment Technology Performance and Operation for
Amoco Oil Company, Whiting. Indiana, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Washington, D.C. February 29, 1988.
15. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Onsite
Engineering Report for Horsehead Resource Development Company for KQ61.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 1988.
16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste, Final Best
Demonstrated Available Technology (BDATt Background Document for KQ48.
K049. K050. K051. and K052. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Washington, D.C. 1988.
17. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and
Standards. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines New
Source Performance Standards and Pretreatment Standards for the Petroleum
Refining Point Source Category. NTIS #EPA 440/1-82/014. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. 1982.
18. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste. Onsite
Engineering Report of Treatment Technology Performance and Operation for CF
Systems. Waltham. Massachusetts. U.S Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 1989.
NRJ/XW-A49
:m-r -r, '
9-2
-------
19. CF Systems. Tabulation of CF Systems' database of constituent analysis for the
treated solids from petroleum refinery waste using its solvent extraction
technology. Appendix B. Submitted to U.S. EPA. November 7, 1989.
20. CF Systems. 1991, CF Systems' Comments on EPA's advanced notice proposed
rulemaking, "Land Disposal Restrictions for Newly Listed Wastes and
Contaminated Debris." Submitted to EPA RCRA Docket F-91-CDP-FFFFF.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
21. Law Environmental. 1990. Onsite Engineering Report far Evaluation of the HT-
5 High Temperature Distillation System for Treatment of Contaminated Soils -
Treatability Test Results for a Simulated K051 API Separator Sludge, BFI-
Thermal Dynamics. Houston. Texas. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
22. Southdown Thermal Dynamics. 1991. Southdown Thermal Dynamics Treatment
Performance Data Submitted in Response to EPA's advanced notice of proposed
rulemaking, "Land Disposal Restrictions for Newlv Listed Wastes and
Contaminated Debris." Submitted to EPA RCRA Docket F-81.CDP-FFFFF.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
23. Petroleum Environmental Research Forum. June, 1991. Comments on Advanced
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Newly Identified and Listed Wastes and
Contaminated Debris, EPA RCRA Docket F-91-CDP-FFFFF.
24. USPCI. 1991. K048 - K0S2 Hazardous Waste Organic Stabilization Treatability
Study. P.O. Box 22750, Salt Lake City, UT 84122.
25. RETEC Remediation Technologies. 1992. Comments on Land Disposal
Restrictions for Newly Listed Wastes and Contaminated Debris, EPA RCRA
Docket F-91-CD2P-FFFFF. Seattle, WA.
NRJ/NW-049
10094)1. nn
9-3
-------
Appendix A
Plant Codes
VRJ/V*'-049
1009-0 5 ? r.r;
-------
Plant Codes
Plant Codes from the K048-K052
Background Documents
(Reference 6,16)*
Plant Name aod Location
Data Source |
A
Amoco Oil Company, Whiting
Refinery. Whiting, Indiana
EPA-Spoasored Treatment
Test
I
USAE Waterways Experiment
Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi
EPA-Sponsored Treatment
Test
Q
Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, Mississippi
EPA-Sponsored Treatment
Test
R
Exxon Refineries (Data from
treatment by CF Systems'
pilot-scale, RCC's pilot-scale
and bench-scale, and BP
America's multi-cycle solvent
extraction units) (locations
unknown)
Exxon
T
Petro Canada, D'Aneia,
Texaco, Port Arthur, Texas,
and Waterways Experiment
Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi
CF Systems
X
BP America Alliance Refinery
Belle Chasse, Louisiana
BP America
U
Amoco R&O Naperville,
Illinois
Amoco Corp.
AA
Chevron Research and
Technology Company
Petroleum Environmental
Research Forum
BB
Morrison-Knudsen
Gulf-Coast Refinery,
Nederland. Texas
CF Systems
CC
BFI - Thermal Dynamics
(data from treatment by TDI's
HT-5 process)
Law Engineering
DD
Chevron Refinery,
El Segundo, California
Southdown Thermal
Dynamics
EE
Grassy Mountain Facility.
Denver. Colorado
USPCI
FF
RETEC Laboratories
RETEC Remediation
Technologies
'These plant codes have been used in this document.
VRJ/NW-G49
1009-01b,nr)
A-l
-------
Appendix B
Treatment Performance Data Considered from the
K048-K052 Treatment Performance Database
-------
Treatment Performance Data Considered from the
K048-K052 Treatment Performance Database
Table
Description
B-l
Plant A full-scale data on fluidized bed incineration of
K048-KQ51
B-2
Plant A design and operating parameters
B-3
Plant Q full-scale data on solvent extraction of K048
and K051 followed by centrifugation
B-4
Plant Q design and operating parameters
B-5
Plant R full-scale data on solvent extraction of K048,
K049, K051, and K052
B-6
Plant T full-scale data on solvent extraction of K049.
K051, and K048-K052
SRJ'Wr-049
1009-01B.nr
B-l
-------
Table B-l
Performance Data Collected by EPA for Treatment
of Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K05I at Plant A - Fluidized-Bed Incineration
BOAT List Constituents
Concentration (mg/ltg)
Sample Set #1
Sample Set #2
Sample Set
Untreated
KM8*
Untreated
1011
Treated
Waste
Untreated
K048*
Untreated
K051
Treated
Waste
Untreated
K048*
Untreated
K05I
Treated
Waste
Benzene
<14
< 14
<2
<14
<14
<2
< 14
< 14
«¦ 2
tkn«<(u)anlhraceiie
<211
29 .
<0.2
<20
25
<0 2
<20
22
* 0.2
Bib(2-clhylhcxyl)phlhjliilc
<2(1
<28
<1.0
<20
<20
< 10
<-211
10
• 1 O
(."hrysr.ne
22
46
<0.2
<20
47
<0.2
21
45
• 1)
I 11
I>i n-bulyl Phlhalale
07
150
<1,0
74
n
< 1.0
160
200
Elhylben/cnc
46
48
<2
120
46
<2
n
V
, >
Naphlhaltnc
100
160
<0.2
100
160
<0.2
i id
ISO
¦ 0 2
Phcnanthrcne
85
120
<0.2
79
120
<0.2
84
III)
< I) 2
I*yrenc
*5
(16
<0.2
31
67
<0.2
VI
(>2
•0,2
Toluene
120
50
3
22
44
<2
5<>
42
<2
Xylenes (tola!)
121)
80
<2
110
71
<2
100
71
<¦2
* KAl final (KfMK) and waste hitt&lutlgc
MM/NW tH'l
nil. iu|
-------
Table B-l
(Continued)
BDAT List Constituents
Concentration (tug/kg)
Sample Set #4
Sample Set #5
Sample Set #6
Untreated
K.G4IT
Untreated
K0S1
Treated
Waste
Untreated
K04g*
Untreated
K0S1
Treated
Waste
Untreated
K04U"
Untreated
KII5I
Treated
Waste
Benzene
<14
< 14
<2
<14
<14
<2
< 14
< !1
4 - i-
Benzo(a)anthracene
<20
23
<0.2
<20
24
<0,2
< 2(1
25
0 2
Bis(2-clhylhexyl)phlhalalc
59
26
<1.0
21
28
< 1.0
<20
< 20
¦ 10
('hrysene
<20
48
<0.2
22
47
<02
<2(1
51
(12
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
190
170
< 1.0
74
230
< 1.0
1 in
4 S
• 1 11
Itlhylbenzene
<14
50
<2
41
49
<2
m
52
, ~
Naphthalene
93
ISO
<0.2
94
li.O
<0.2
120
•'0.2
Pyrene
31
74
<0.2
34
74
<0?
M
hi
•¦-0.2
Toluene
28
33
<2
41
34
<2
M
n
v 2
Xylenes (UHal)
79
72
5.8
110
71
<2
< 14
81
»; )
*K048 is a dewateied mixture »f L)AF Uoal (K04HJ and waste luosludge
NIU/NW-IW*
nm «iii> ihi
-------
Table B-2
Design and Operating Parameter Data Collected by EPA
For Nonwastewater Forms of K048 and K05I at Plant A - Fluid ized-Bed Incineration
03
Design & Opcnitai
Paranifter
Staple Set 11
Sample Set #2
Sam pie Set #3
Sample Set #4
Sample Set IS
Sample Srt #6
Naeiinal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range
Daring
Sumplmg
Epiioda
Naniaal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range
During
Sampfing
EfBtodc
Nominal
Operating
Rani*
Operating
Range
During
Sampling
Episode
Nominal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range
During
Sampling
Episode
Nominal
Operating
Range
ffllf
Nominal
Operating
Range
Opfmling
Range
1 hiring
Sun|ili«((
E|iiiwk
Bed Temperaiure (!¦')
1200-1300
(14(1(1 man)
1213-1240
120(1-11(10
(1400 mil )
12271321
I2(M)- I3DU
(1400 ma* )
1227-12*7
1200-1300
(1400 mat.)
1200 -1260
1200-1300
(1400 mu )
I22U 1253
121*1 i Mm
(1400 max )
1220 1240
1 reeboard Temperaiure
(F)
1250-1350"
(145(1 ma* )
I240-I25J
1250-1350
(1450 max )
12SJ-1293
1250-1350
(1450 max.)
125 3 1287
1250 1350
(1450 mat )
1253-1273
1150-135(1
(1450 max )
1253-1267
I2MI 1 »50
(1-150 hi lit )
12S* 126?
API Separator Sludge
Feed Rale (gpm)
11-24
22.3
0-24
223
0-24
22 V22 4
0 24
22 3-22 4
0-24
22 3
II 21
>1 \
r.l
(Jndewalered l)AI*
lloal Mixture I ced
Kale (gpm)
30-90
43
*1-90
53
30-90
5(1
30-90
61
3II-9«I
51
ill 'JO
Constriction Plaie
Pressure Differential
(In II,O)
15-20
10 7-18?
15-211
8 7-18,0
15-20
9 3-18 7
15 20
8 7-18 1
15-211
K.7-IK7
15 id
10 l| IK II
lluidited Bed Pressure
Differential (In ll,())t
60 100
904-102 4
60-100
91 2-104 0
60-100
91 2-104 0
(¦0-100
91 2 105 6
60-100
92 8-105 ft
Ml-100
'*2 K MIS {.
O, (%Volume)
NA
8 2-16 2
NA
9 2-16.0
NA
9 5 16 8
NA
10 5-1711
NA
108 173
NA
in x |f, u
CO (ppm-Viilume)
35-800
511 115
35-800
HO-355
35-800
45-140
35-800
40 WO
35-800
Mt-'JIO
35 K00
so >;u
CO, (% Volume)
NA
2,2-9,0
NA
2 3-8 1
NA
2 2 86
NA
2.8-7.9
NA
2 H-7 5
NA
s ; / )
NA « Nut d(.|)liLj|)tc
M(I/NW-IH'<
MNi'Mllti mii
-------
Table B-3
Performance Data Collected by EPA for Treatment of
Nonwastewater Forms of K048 and K051 at Plant Q -
Solvent Extraction Followed by Centrifugation
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Detection
Concentration in
Detection
Concentration
Sample
Limit
K048 & K051
limit
in Raffinate
BDAT List Constituent
Set
(mg/kg)
Mixture (mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
Solids (mg/kg)
Benzene
1
ri
8.5
0.05
0.22
2
5
12
0.05
0.09
3
5
18
0.05
0.13
4
3.1
9.2
0.05
0.1
Ethvlbenzene
1
2.5
37
0.05
0.06
5
30
0.05
<0.05
3
5
64
0.05
<0.05
4
3.1
28
0.05
<0.05
Toluene
1
2.5
73
0.05
0.94
2
5
67
0.05
0.37
3
5
L50
0.0d
0.45
4
3.1
64
0.05
0.27
Xylenes (total)
1
2.5
150
0.05
0.19
->
5
150
0.05
0.09
3
5
240
0.05
0.09
4
3.1
130
0.05
0.09
Anthracene
1
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
L.
1.28
<1.28
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
3.4
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
Benzo(a)anthracene
1
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
2
1.28
6.2
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
6.8
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
6.7
0.33
<0.33
Benzo(a)pyrene
1
1.36
3.5
0.33
<0.33
•
">
1.28
2.3
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
<2.72
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
2.4
0.33
<0.33
Bis(2-ethvlhexyl)phthaJate
1
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
2
1.28
<1.28
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
<2.72
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
NRJ/NW-049
lOCO ' • -n
B-5
-------
Table B-3
(Continued)
i
Untreated Waste
Treated Waste
Detection
Concentration in
Detection
Concentration
Sample
Limit
K048 & K051
Limit
in RafGnate
BDAT List Constituent
Set
(nig/kg)
Mixture (mg/kg)
Solids (mg/kg)
Chrvsene
1
1.36
11.6
0.33
0.42
2
1.28
12.2
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
11.9
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
9.4
0.33
<0.33
o-Cresol
1
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
2
1.28
<1.28
0.33
<0.33
3
2.12
<2.72
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
< 1.36
0.33
<0.33
p-Cresol
1
1.36
/
0.33
2.6
2
1.28
3.9
0.33
1.9
3
2.72
3
0.33
2.3
4
1.36
7.9
0.33
1.1
Di-n-butvl Phthalate
1
136
<1.36
033
<0,33
2
1.28
<1.28
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
<2.72
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
<1.36
0.33
<0.33
Naphthalene
1
1.36
54
0.33 '
0.38
2
1.28
•4""$
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
41.6
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
51.5 '
0.33
<0.33
Phenanthiene
1
1.36
42.4
0.33
0.46
2
1.28
43.8
0.33
0.4
3.
2.72
54.3
0.33
<0.33
4
1.36
37.7
0.33
0.35
Phenol
1
1.36
5.2
0.33
1.1
2
1.28
2.1
0.33
1,2
3
2.72
<2.72
0.33
1.8
4
1.36
94
0.33
0.74
Pyrene
1
1.36
13
0.33
0.67
2
1.28
12.3
0.33
<0.33
3
2.72
13.7
033
<0.33
4
1.36
11
0.33
0.48
Source: CF Systems Qnsite Engineering Report (Reference 18).
NRJ/VW-049
1009-Olb .ni)
B-6
-------
Table B-4
Design and Operating Parameters for the Solvent
Extraction Unit and Centrifuge at Plant Q
Solvent Extraction Unit
Physical Design Parameters
Values or Description
Number of Stages per Pass
2
Number of Passes
5
Total Number of Stages
10
Extractor 1:
Pressure (psig)
Temperature (deg F)
235-270
68-90
Extractor 2:
Pressure (psig)
Temperature (deg F)
210-255
72-94
Mixer Speeds (rpm)
1200
Centrifuge
Physical Design Parameters
Values or Description
Manufacturer
Sharpies Model P660 Super-D-Canter
Centrifuge
Power Supply
460V, 3 Phase, 60 Cycle. Can be
adjusted to 220V
Maximum Variable Speed Back Drive
(rpm)
6,000
Bowl Speed (rpm)
4930
Conveyor Speed (rpm)
2756
Belt Tension
9.5
Source: CF Systems Onsite Engineering Report (Reference 18).
NRJ/NW-049
130"
B-7
-------
Table B-5
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of K048, K049, K05I,
and K052 at Plant R - Solvent Extraction
BOAT List Constituent!
L'onceotratioa in Untreated Watte (ag/kg)
Cunt«B(ratioa ia Treated Wusle (log/kg)
K048
K049
KtSI
K052
K048
K049
K05I
K052
Anthracene
<40
<190
<200
<33 0
15
<1 3
78
lu
benzene
< 10
100
120
<5(1
< 0.65
<5 0
•III
0 s
llcnio(a)anthratcnc
<40
<190
< 200
< 33.0
1 6
< 1 )
-> ¦>
U K
Uenzo(a)pyrene
<40
<190
<200
< 31 (1
1 7
4.1
1 <>
ltis(2-elhylhexyl)phlhaUle
<40
<190
<200
< 33.0
< 0.99
2 61
2 S
Chrysene
<411
< 190
<200
< 111)
2 3
*> I
1 K
o-('resol
<41,
< 190
<200
< 13 0
< (I W
V 1 J
1 1
p ('iesi)l
<40
< 190
<200
•- 33 0
0 99
. II
1.1
l)i-n-t>utyl phthalatc
<4(1
< 190
<200
< 33 0
<0 99
v, 1 1
1 1
12
luhylberuene
< 10
160
150
86
<0 65
• 1 0
¦ 0 s
Naphthalene
<40
<340
550
<33
3 0
1 K
IS
II 0
I'henanthrene
<40
<190
540
95 0
4 7
1 K
ZS O
24 0
Phenol
<40
<190
<200
< 33
<0 99
< 11
1 *
v» >
I'yrenc
<40
<190
<200
430
33
1 H
14 0
MO
Toluene
< 10
1300
750
5.7
<0 65
<5 II
>0
0 S
Xylenes (lolal)
<4 1
1600
880.
31 0
12
7')
4 1
n S
Sonne. I'uxiin commons on I'I'A's l"hird lhird proposed rule (Reference II)
MU/NW (H9
IINIV Dili nij
-------
Tabic B-6
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of K049, K05I,
and K048-K052 Mixture at Plant T - Solvent Extraction8
Concentration In Untreated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in IVeattd Waste (nig/kg)
BDAT List Constituents
Concentration in
K051 Sample Set
#1 & #2
Concentration in
K049 Sample Set
#9
Concentration
in K048-K052
Mixture Sample
Sets #3-8,10-12
Concentration in
K051 Ramnate Solids
Sample Set #1 & #2
Concentration
in K049
Kuflinate Solids
Sample Set #9
Concentration in
K048-K052
Mixture Solids
Sample Sets
#3-H, 10-12
Benzene
56
370.0
5.1
133.7
12.0
y.6
137
5.1
0.29
0.05
(UK)
0.0>>
••(I.I
• 0 1
•2(1
• II 1
F.thylben/enc
<03
67.0
0.5
0.6
21.0
131)
20.2
130
0.06
1 VII
• II 1
-.11(11
•II 1
1 U)
< II I
< II 1
• 0.1
NKI/NW-aiv
iim'MHi) nrj
-------
Table B-6
(Continued)
Concentration In Untreated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in
Concentration
Concentration
K048-K052
Concentration In
Coocentratlon in
In KG4H-K052
Concentration in
in K049
Mixture Solids
K0S1 Sample Set
KM9 Sample Set
Mixture Sample
K051 Raffinate Solids
RafTinate Solids
Sample Sets
BDAT List Constituents
#1 & #2
m
Sets #3-8, 10-12
Sample Set #1 & #2
Sample Set #9
#3-8, 10-12
Toluene
28.9
52.0
59.4
1.46
0.04
004
mo
0.7
<0.05
O 1
11.(1
• 0 1
16 0
< 11 1
54,4
• (1.1
520
• 0.1
Xylenes (total)
55.2
71.0
1066.0
3 .36
0.VJ
0 VI
1160.0
3.9
0 24
II 1
6 9
II 1 \
o.y
0 1
7K.0
• II 1
63.0
<0.1
75.0
« 0.1
71.0
• II I
NKJ/NW-
-------
Tabic B-6
(Continued)
Concentration in Untreated Waste (my/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in
Concentration
Concentration
K04K-K0S2
Concentration in
Concentration in
in K048-K052
Concentration in
in K049
Mixture Solids
K0S1 Sample Set
K049 Sample Set
Mixture Sample
KA5I Rafflnate Solids
Rafllnate Solids
Sample Sets
BI)AT List Constituents
#1 & #2
#9
Seta #3-8, 10-12
Sample Set #1 & ttl
Sample Set #9
#3-B, 10-12
Anthracene
..
..
..
1811
M>7.0
86.0
101)
1 1II
1441)
10 2
351.(1
1 Ml
2540
1 Ml
143.0
Uis(2 ethylhcxyl)phthulatc
<5.4
178
0.25
112
NRJ/NW-IH'>
IIMI'MIII) Of)
-------
Table B-6
(Continued)
Coocenlration in Untreated Waste (rag/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (nig/kg)
MDAT List Constituents
Concentration ia
K051 Sample Set
#1 & #2
Concentration in
K049 Sample Set
m
Concentration
in K04S-KO52
Mixture Sample
Sets #3-8,10-12
Concentration in
K051 RafTinate Solids
Sample Set #1 & #2
Concentration
in K049
Kafllnate Solids
Sample Set #¥
Conceiitrutiou in
K048-K052
Mixture Solid*
Sample Sets
#3-8, 1(1-12
Chrysene
17.7
0.28
Din-butyl Phlhalatt
<5.4
-
(1.25
NRJ/NW-UW
H*W Olb nrj
-------
Table B-6
(Continued)
Concentration in Untreated Waste (rag/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (nig/kg)
Concentration in
Concentration
(Concentration
K048-KO52
Concentration in
Concentration In
in K048-K.O52
Concentration in
in K049
Mixture Solids
K051 Sample Set
K049 Sample Set
Mixture Sample
K051 Rafllnate Solids
Kafllnatr Solids
Sample Sets
BOAT list Constituents
#1 & #2
#9
Sets #3-8,10*12
Sample Set #1 & #2
Sample Set #9
#3-*, 10-12
Naphthalene
15.8 '
50,0
431.0
0.3
0 1
< 0.2H
18.6
0.2
Phenanthrenc
MX
20,0
2050
0/W
0 I(i
(1 2(>
1360.0
94,0
12.0
'It,
52.0
2 6
560
» I 0
186
< 0 2
NH.I/NW M*i
hHiv mi. ,,i,
-------
Table B-6
(Continued)
Concentration in Untreated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentrulitui in
Concentration
Concentration
K04K-K052
Concentration in
Cuocentratlun in
in K048-KQS2
Concentration in
in K.U49
Mixture Solid<>
K051 Sample Set
K049 Sample Set
Mixture Sample
K051 Radlaate Solids
Rafllnate Solids
Sample Set*
BOAT List Constituents
#1 & #2
m
Seta #3-8,10-12
Sample Set #! & #2
Sample Set #9
#3-*, 10-12
Pyrene
4.5
..
30.4
0.33
0.10
<35.0
<35.0
*0
V4
< 350.0
I 1
38.0
Source: Due submitted lo USIil'A by CF Syslemi (Reference I'')
"Data are nol availahle for hen/(a)anihracenc. beiuotajpytene, o-ciesol, p-cresol, and phenol
-Data not available
NltJ/NW-IWV
-------
Appendix C
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Considered in
Development of F037 and F038 Treatment Standards
Iks*
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b.nr]
-------
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Considered in
Development of F037 and F038 Treatment Standards
Table
Description
C-l
Plant BB fuU-scale data on solvent extraction of K048-K052
C-2
Plant CC full-scale data on high temperature thermal distillation of simulated K051
C-3
Plant CC design and operating parameters
C-4
Plant DD full-scale data on high temperature thermal distillation of K04g. K049. and K051
NRJ/NW-049
1009-016 nn
C-l
-------
Table C-l
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of
K048-K052 at Plant BB - Solvent Extraction
BOAT lilt CaastilMnl
Untreated Waata
Itaageaf
"nC"
Treatoi Waste Cwitnrtla— (ng/kj)
S—
1
Saapie
2
Sample
3
Saapi*
4
S«B|lc
5
Sa-fl*
«
Sanpie
7
Ham pi*
8
Sample
9
Sample
10
Anthracene
23 - <40
<83
<2 6
<8 3
<5
<5
<2
<3
J
7 6
2')
I'hctianlhrcnc
310 - 340
<8 3
17
<83
25
25
24
2 iii|
-------
Table C-l
(Continued)
BDAT List CoastiliMnt
Untreated Waste
Riii|eot
Concentration!
(ag/kg)
Treated Waste Concentrations (mg/kg)
San pie
11
Sample
12
Sou pie
13
Sample
14
Sample
IS
Sample
16
Sample
17
Sample
IK
Sample
19
20
Anthracene
23 - <40
< 1.98
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<4
•1. 7
Meiuene
<6 3 - 79
< 12.5
<0 6
<0 6
<06
<0 6
<06
<06
< 0 6
!
lilhylbcniene
12(1- 170
<0 615
<06
<0 6
<0.6
<06
<0 6
<0.6
• (Mi
< ll.fi
1 I
Naphthalene
37U - 4K0
<1.98
4.6
55
5 4
4 2
37
2 V
.. ">
12
1 >
Phcnanthrene
310 • 340
28
13
14
12
11
84
10
vv
v>
r»
J'hcnol
<22 - <40
< 3 96
27
32
3
<2
<2
2.6
24
• i
•: 0 7
Pyrenc
<22-56
<198
2.2
23
<2
<2
J
'2
¦)
I
• (> 7
Toluene
1.30 3S0
<0 625
<06
<0 6
<06
<0 6
•: 0 6
•: 0 6
•0 t,
• 0(.
• (17.
Xylenes (loial)
450 - 600
27
2
<06
1 5
3
31
ON
0 U
1
t> t
v = All value* wilh a preceding *<" arc dclrrlion limits
S*.urn *n Ijj 1 • iii|
-------
Table C-2
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Simulated K051 at Plant CC -
High Temperature Thermal Distillation
ConctMralioa in Untreated Waste (mg/ttf)
Coat miration in Treated Waste |mg/kg)
BOAT List
Coutitaent
ItT - 5 #1
HT f n
IIT - s n
IIT IM
HT-S#S
IIT - 5 #1
IIT -5 #2
irr - s»
IIT • 5 M
in s
Anlhraccnc
<98
<98
<10
<9.6
< 10
<0 1
<0.099
0 6
• 0.099
• ii I
lkn/cnt
214
216
200
168
193
215
3411
247
<0.1
<0.099
2 1
II2K
• ii 1
I'henol
<98
<98
< 10
<96
<10
<0 1
IIW
.1) 1
- Ill 199
ii i
Pyrene
<98
<98
< 111
<96
<10
<0.1
< mm
11
..111199
¦ n i
Toluene
465
4K3
452
432
444
< 0.005
<0 005
IIIKIS
ll 024
• IIIKlS
Xylenes (loial)
610
651
60S
S29
594
<0(11
<0UI
•' 001
<0 01
• inn
< = All values with a preceding are detection limits.
Source: Law Environmental Maich, I'WO On-site Engineering Report lor BFl - Thermal Dynamics (Reference 21)
VKI/NW ivr>
|M»'> Hilt lit J
-------
Table C-3
Design and Operating Data Collected by TDI for Treatment of Simulated
K051 Sludge at Plant CC - High Temperature Thermal Distillation
Design and Operating
Parameters
Sample Set t i
Stank Set#!
Sample Set 13
Sample Set M
Sample Srt IS
Nominal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range During
Sampling
Episode
Nominal
Operating
iUngc
operating
Range During
Sam|iliii|
Episade
Nominal
Operating
Rang*
Operating
Range During
Sampling
Episode
Nominal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range During'
.Sampling
Episode
Nominal
Operating
Range
Operating
Range During
Sampling
Epnixlti
'/one #1 lemperaluic (T)
Ambient
400
400-750
Ambient •
400
400-750
Amhicnt-
400
400-750
Ambient
400
4INI 750
Amlnciil
41(0
4(*l 7Stl
Zone #2 Temperature (°F)
600-900
750-1100
600-900
750-1100
600-900
750-1100
M10-VU0
750 1 KJO
btlll-'AK)
7.SIIIIIMI
Zone #J Temperature (" 1 •")
wooiaoo
1450-1800
1000-1800
1450-1800
IOIJO-1HOO
1450 1800
1000-1800
1450-1800
HMHI- IKIHI
1450 IKIKI
Nitrogen Feed How (scfm)
NA
3 75
NA
3.75
NA
375
NA
* 75
NA
1 7>
Heating Chamber Temperature
("to
NA
1775-1941
NA
1775-I'M 1
NA
1775-I'M 1
NA
1775 I'M 1
NA
1 IIS t'Mi
Vapor Temperature Exiting
Heating Chamber ("1")
NA
454 671
NA
4S4 671
NA
454-671
NA
454 671
NA
4v| 671
Vapor Temperature Leaving
First Condensation Stage (*!•")
NA
129-146
NA
12V-146
NA
129 146
NA
U'M46
NA
12'' I4(,
Vapor Temperature leaving
1 lai.1 Condensation Stage (•!¦')
NA
71-82
NA
71-B2
NA
71 82
NA
71 82
NA
n k»
NA - NtH available
Source: law Hnvironmental March, 1'MO On-site Iingineenng Report for HIT - Thermal Dynamic;. (Reference 21)
NIU/NW-IM'*
IIKW lllh 11 rj
-------
Table C-4
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of K048, K049, K05I at
Plant DD - High Temperature Thermal Distillation Treatment
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration in Uulreated Waste (nig/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (nig/kg)
K048
K049
K05I
K048
K049
K051
Anthracene
38"
<150
31
<0.33
<0 33
<0.43
Benzene
38
51
<1.8
<0 62
<0 62
<0.81
Benzo(a)anlhracene
36*
<150
54
0.2*
<0.33
<0 43
Benzo(a)pyrene
<99
<150
<57
0 13'
<0.33
<0.41
Bis(2 elhyl)icxyl) phthalale
<99
<150
80
<0.33
<0 33
<0.43
Chrysene
45*
<150
41
<0 33
<0.33
<0 43
Di-n-butyl Phthalate
<99
<150
<57
<0 33
<0.33
<0.43
Ethylbenzene
93
150
39
<0.62
<0.62
<0.81
Naphthalene
550
770
660
025*
<0.3.3
<•0.4*.
Phenanthrene
320
150
590
0.36
<0.33
< 0 43
Phenol
<99
<150
<57
<0.33
<0 33
<0.43
Pyrene
65*
<150
160
0.15*
<0.33
<0 43
Toluene
230
440
57
<0.62
< 0 62
< 0.81
| Xylenes (total)
290
610
360
<0.62
<0.62
<0.81
'Reported value is less than detection limit.
< - All values with a preceding "<" are detection limits.
Source: Southern Thermal Dynamics July 1, 1991 and September 18, 1991 submittals to the EPA (Reference 22)
NIll/NW (H'>
-------
Appendix D
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Rejected from Consideration
in Development of F037 and F038 Treatment Standards
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b nr]
-------
Newly Acquired Treatment Performance Data Rejected from Consideration
in Development of F037 and F038 Treatment Standards
Table
Description
D-l
Plant AA bench-scale data on biosturry treatment of K048-K052
D-2
Plant EE bench-scale data on chemical oxidation followed bv stabilization of KQ48-
K052 and K051
D-3
Plant FF data on bioslurry treatment of K051
STU/NW-049
I009-01b.«uj
D-l
-------
Three sets of newly acquired treatment performance data were rejected
from consideration in the development of F037 and F038 treatment standards:
comments from the Petroleum Environmental Research Forum, RETEC Remediation
Technologies, and USPCI.
The PERF submittal was not considered in identifying BDAT because it
contained bench-scale data; to be considered "demonstrated," a technology must be
employed in full-scale operation for treatment of the waste of interest or wastes judged
to be similar. The RETEC submittal was also rejected because the analyzed wastes were
not clearly identified as F037 and F038.
RETEC supplied bioslurry data on petrochemical sludges from four
literature sources representing bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies. In addition, the
submittal does not identify the sampling and analysis methods, present any quality
assurance/quality control (QA/QC) data, or attach any units of measurement to the
values of Table 1 in the submittal.
The USPCI submittal was rejected for the following reasons: the treatmeni
performance data from USPCI are from a bench-scale operation, which does not meet
the Agency's definition of a demonstrated technology; USPCI failed to quantify the
constituents of concern in the treated waste after the oxidation step and before the
stabilization step (these data are necessary to enable the Agency to evaluate whether or
not the stabilization step is providing any treatment to the waste); and, the data provided
by USPCI are inconclusive with respect to the performance of the treatment process.
NRJ/NU-049
1009-01bnr] D-2
-------
Table D-l
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of K048-K052 at
Plant AA - Bioslurry Batch Test Treatment
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration in Untreated Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in Treated Waste (nig/kg)
Refinery A
Refinery B
Refinery C
Refinery A
Refinery B
Refinery (
Anlhraccnc
27
23
4
<2
<4
< 2
Benzene
NR
360
39
NR
<2
<1
Denzo(a)an(hraccnc
7
22
8
<3
<4
< 2
Bcnzo(a)pyrene
2
10
4
<2
II
2
Bis(2-elhylhcxyl) phthalate
NR
10
II
NR
11
> y
Chrysene
11)
36
13
<3
8
< ?.
Di-n-bulyl Phlhalale
NR
8
38
NR
\
t 2
Elhyibcnzene
63
210
50
<10
<2
<; >
Naphthalene
73
64
61
< 1
<4
Fhenanthrenc
225
156
15
< 1
<4
< 2
Phenol
NR
<4
<2
NR
<4
7
Pyiene
22
81
10
<2
<¦ 2
Toluene
210
860
114
6
<2
< 2
Xylenes (tolal)
too
320
64
6
< ^
<1
NIU/NW4WV
itm'J (in> in)
-------
Table D-l (Continued)
Bioslurry Continuous Reactor Test Treatment
Concentration in Reactor Treated Waste (oifi/kg)
BDAT List
Constituent
Concentration in Untreated
Waste (mg/kg)
Residence Time
#1
Residence Time
#2
Residence Time
Anthracene
10
<2*
<2*
<2*
Benzene
-
-
Benzo(a)anihracene
<2*
<2*
<2*
< 2'
Benzo (a) pyrene
3
2 •
<2*
<2*
Bis (2-cthylhcxyl) phtlialatc
17
9.2
18.8
It) 2
Chryserte
3
<2*
<2*
v 2*
Di-n hutyl Phihalatc
13
<2*
<2*
«¦ I*
Elhylbenzene
,
-
-
Naphthalene
2H
<2*
<2*
^ J *
Phenanthnjne
(.5
<2*
<2*
„ >»
Phenol
<2*
<2*
<2*
«. y *
Pyrene
-
.
-
Toluene
¦ -
-
-
Xylenes (total)
'
-
« All values wilh a preceding arc detection liinils.
NR =¦¦ Not reported
Source. li:RF June I'WI. Comments to ANPRM lor Newly Listed Wastes (Reference 73)
NRI/NW IM'J
|t»M till. IU|
-------
Table D-2
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of K04K-K052 at
Plant EE - Chemical Oxidation Followed by Stabilization
BDAT Ust
Cooititmat
CoMcalnriloa
in Untreated
Wast#
(ngAg>
Source ft Treated Waste i'oacealratioiu tag/kg)
89-2
89-3
KM
W-5
w-§
W-T
041
91-1
#1-31
$1-3
»l-4
91 5
Anthracene
96
31
3.7
35
78
13
12
VS
5 i
1.
2.1
12
J* SI
Ikiucne
7.9
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0 2
<0 2
<02
<112
2
lkiuo(j)anthracene
<0.2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0.2
• 112
<0.2
0 11
0
• *»2 1
tt 2
tknzo(a)pyrene
<02
<02
<02
<112
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
<0 2
< 0 2
<0.2 ¦
<0.2
0 2
l)is(2-cihylhcjcyl) phlhalale
<0 2
<0 2
<02
<0.2
069
041
0 38
. < 1) 2
<0.2
0 21
¦-02
0 If.
Oirysene
15
027
0 41
02
0.85
OMS
09)
02
024
0 2
0 2
1 >
2
Di-n-butyl Fhthalate
<02
<0.2
<0 2
<0 »
<0 2
<02
<112
<02
<112
-. I) 2
-02
0 *
o
!;thyll>ci\/enc
16
<0.2
<02
<0.2
2
0.26
17
13
0 69
I 2
-0 2
0HK
0 2
Naphthalene
43
IK
38
18
20
62
33
50
12
19
4 *)
12
11
Phenamhrene
74
31
43
33
7K
120
120
<0 2
49
62
21
120
to
if 2
I'henol
<() 1
<0 2
<0 2
<02
<0 2
<0 2
<02
<0 2
<0.2
- il 2
• 0 2
-0 2
Pyftne
75
31
/»¦»
32
62
74
7
39
M
IH
1 5
K 7
as/
Toluene
44
<0 2
031
<0.2
26
<0.2
1 1
-.0.2
0 59
II HK
-.02
II S
(i *
i«/
Xylenes (total)
140
13
6.2
3 7
22
¦IK
2*
2
11
»
V.
IN
All Viilucs Willi j prctcdiug "< " are dtlei Hon limit values
Sou it c USI't I Oriiittcr U. 1991 Nubittiltjl In Ihc (:I"A in Response In Newly I feted Wastes I'lopx.s.il (Itclcrcmc 24)
NKI/NW-lH*'
-------
Table D-2
(Continued)
D
i
as
BOAT List
Constituent
Concentration
In Untreated
Waste (mg/kg)
Concentration in Source #3 Treated Waste (mg/kg)
25-5
25-6
25-7
25-8
27-1
27-2
27-3
27-4
Anthracene
2.3
0.56
0.39
0.5
0,98
0.62
1
I
l.<>
Benzene
32
9
5.7
6.7
12
8.7
13
12
2)
Bcnz«(a)anthr
15
2%
Phenanlhrene
34
10
8.6
9.7
17
12
17
16
27
Phenol
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<02
<0.2
<0.4
Pyrene
3
0.67
0.68
0.53
1.4
0 9
1.4
1J
2.2
Toluene
85
38
25
30
50
38
51
49
87
Xylenes (IoIjI)
230
104
77
90
140
104
140
140
230
< - All vjlues wilh a preceding arc detection liniii values.
Source: USPCI Oclnltcr 13, 1991 Submittal to the liPA in Response to Newly l isted Wastes Proposal (Relcieme 24)
-------
Table D-3
Performance Data Submitted by Industry for Treatment of Nonwastewater Forms of F037/F038 and K05I at
Plant FF - Bios lurry Treatment
BDAT LitI
Coptfibiait
Coacwtratioa la Uatrmted Www (ag/kg)
Coacmtratimi ia Treated Waste tag/kg)
Prknary
knpoumfcimtf
fcludp
nwmw wjwwmrj awHi
MralMBiai
IMP
MSI - API
SapanNc
SkM%•
knpouretawc*
Mudft
W«d>n«d fVtrwry 3Up
F«trodiankttl
Sh*%<
KMI An
&*|N*n4«ir
MwlHr
A
B
A
It
I Anthracene
20
140
30
246
3
<01
Nl)
20
19
0.2
Bctuene
64
15
17
299
NA
12
<0,1
<10
11 7
NA
Uen?«> (a) anthracene
n
190
6S
48
14
Nl)
13(1
13 8
77
1 il
lleruo (a) pyTene
m
<17
25
n
35
<0 01
145
<1(1
72
• V
Bis (2NRethylhexyl)
phlhdUie
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NK
("hryscne
2(1
240
HIS
55
28
Nl)
210
21
H
_» 1
l)i 11 butyl Phthalate
NR
NK
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NK
lilhylbeiuene
32
26
45
345
NA
11 3
04
•: It!
411
NA
Naphthalene
2'J0
51
7U
2,653
48
Nl)
Nl)
« 1(1
M
H2
Phenanlhrene
ISO
&5S
310
118
17
ND
Nl)
< 10
.ss s
1 >
Phenol
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NK
NR
NR
N It
Pyrene
540
190
<25
S
20
Nl)
255
< 10
2 1
2">
Toluene
19
13
24
22
NA
1.1
04
< 10
2X5
NA
Xylenes (total)
NA
IK
117
2&5
NA
NA
1 K
< 10
28
NA
•: - All values with a preceding "•*' detection limil values
NR - Nut reported
NA - Not available
M» = Nut detected
Source Riri lX Remediation Technologic* !<»». < cimments on Newly l.iMed Waste l'm|x>sal (Reference I"))
NKI/NW lU')
MHIV (l|li ill)
-------
Table D-3 (Continued)
CSTK Bioslurry Treatment
BDAT List Constituent
Concentration in Untreated Waste (mg/kg)1
Concentration In Treated Waste (lug/kg)1
Reactor A
Reactor B
Reactor A
Reactor R
Anthracene
13
16
<4 9
<5
Benzene
NR
NR
NR
NR
Benzo(a)anthracene
23
23
15
18
Benztt(a)pyrcne
HI
12
¦ 12
<5
Bis(2NRethylhexyI) phthalate
NR
NR
NR
NR
Chrysene
25
55
<4.9
12
Di-nbulyf Phthalate
NR
NR
NR
NR
Ethylbenzcne
NR
NR
NR
NR
Naphthalene
187
179
<4.9
<;S
Phenanthrene
197
2X2
<4,9
« 5
Phenol
NR
NR
NR
NR
Pyrene
57
51
27
11
Toluene
NR
NR
NK
NU
Xylenes (total)
NR
NR
NR
NR
< = All values wilh a preceding "<" are detection limit values.
NR = Nol reported
'These values are an average of three replicate samples.
NKI/NWIKW
lll|
I)-S
-------
Appendix E
Nonwastewater
Accuracy Correction Data
NWNW-049
lOOMlb.dfl
-------
Nonwastewater
Accuracy Correction Data
Table
Description
E-l
Detection limits for the K048 and K051 teed samples - solvent
extr action at Plant 0
E-2
Detection limits for the raffinate solids samples - solvent extraction
at Plant 0
E-3
Matrix spike recoveries for organics in nonwastewaters used to
correct treatment performance data from solvent extraction at
Plant Q
E-4
Summary of accuracy correction factors for organics in
nonwastewaters at Plant 0
E-5
Matrix spike recoveries foT fluidized-bed incinerator ash
E-6
Matrix spike recoveries used to correct treatment performance data
from high temperature thermal distillation at Plant CC for organics
in nonwastewaters
E-7
Summary of accuracy correction factors for organics in
nonwastewaters from high temperature thermal distillation at
Plant CC
E-8
Matrix spike recoveries for the TCLP extract for stabilized
fluidized-bed incinerator ash
E-9
Summary of accuracy correction factors for nonwastewater TCLP
metals (stabilization)
NRJ /VW-049
lOOT-Olb oji
E-l
-------
Table E-l
Jlficnan 'o» •*! cm i* imi »1
MAT LIST CONSTITUiMf (BOB)
vounui oaauiief
222.
teatona
5
10
•o
A.3
1.
AcatanitHl*
, 50
'00
too
63
n
&.
Acretain
21
so
50
3i
3.
AeryianicrHt
23
50
50
31
k.
lam ana
2.5
5
5
3.:
5.
IraMicfllorwtnam
2.S
J
5
3.1
6.
Irtasaatnvw
5
10
10
6.3
223.
n-tutyt aieoftel
'00
200
200
125
7,
Carua* tatraamarna
2,9
9
9
3.1
1.
:butM
-------
s
« • • •
s w. K
O —*
M fV»
r r r r ** r
I K *- M
» < •
ill
' S *5
«a »
? s
a 8 s 3 s
..f 11 f
HiK-ssi
| 1 I** I J «
1 i- • «J
3 3 7
< < <
n $ I
I!1
8
fit
loo
n ^
S 8
«« #•
21
5 s i
*
til
J S 3
• 9329
X 1 It * i
! i !
~ 5 S
* 8
8
I
a
n
8
S
8
3
3
w
I
W
M §s» (MMKtNMNlUMIUMN •'MNN (Ki (M t\i t*J
, _» . ... ui • » ~ •
(«OUIUItf>Ultf0UlU»UIUIUIUIWIOMWUIUIM>auiMMM
1*1
s
O UI S M
O S u* m wr ut
Is!
fi •
m\AMU»uigii«wiOUi
o o b wi ui ui
-as
M » O" M XM U- K* K* K>4 IM
¦: - - S
15S
- » 5
-------
Tabte E-1 (Continued)
>:*ri "**1 <:44 «*o cost '«so s»»iES
solvent 5r»:r:a *r »•.**? a
3fTEcr;ai .:*rs
1 S«Bl« SMBI« SMBIt
S«t »1 Sac 12 S«( I] Sit Mi
30*t *;$? coNSTirgcar ;smt >Mi scca> cm
scmivqmthc atouics
5t
Acanaefttftaian*
•34
i .28
2.77
" .34
52,
*eanasncn«n«
• 34
1.28
2.72
1.34
53.
*catw«nona
'34
1.28
2.77
1.34
5*.
2 - *e»ty i aat not t uerm
' .16
1.28
2.77
'34
233,
Aeryl Midi
• 34
1.28
2.77
* 34
5J.
4<«ainaAign*nyi
1.34
" 1.28
2.73
'.34
54.
Anitina
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
57.
*m*rK«n«
1.36
1.28
2.72
'.36
51.
irmi ta
'.34
1.21
2.72
'.34
59,
•OTX(*}«^TtirK«W
•34
1.28
2.72
1.34
218.
lanul efUoriaa
1.34
1.2*
2.72
1.34
60.
lanianatftial
1.34
1.21
2.72
1.34
42.
l«nse(a)pyrana
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
43,
lansa< b) 11 uorantnana
1.34
1.2S
2.72
1.34.
44.
l«nta(|,H,i)0Sfyian*
t.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
a5.
l*rio< k) 11 uor«itn«r*
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
64,
p-laruooutrwna
*34
1 <28
2.72
1.34
4?.
¦ i •(2*cJHarMtMsy)Mtnana
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
44.
|1«»cr««(
1.36
1.28
2.72
1.36
77.
2-Oiiirw—tMlana
1.36
i.2I
2.72
1.36
71.
2-OHamManal
•34
1.28
2.72
1.34
SO.
CJiryMm
t.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
it.
arxM'Crmai
'.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
12.
parvCrtMl
' 34
1.28
2.72
1.36
232.
Cye l ana*anona
¦:a
200
200
125
E-4
-------
TaM« E-1 (Continued)
wim'S '0« fHS *wi« s*roi#
S«( #1 S«t *2 S»t #3 Stt M
30at Lilt eatsTiTutiT scbj Kami cm ;sca>
swvourui atomics ccorutr«*d>
as.
D1 Mns < •, n J antn r M ana
.34
-.28
z.n
•.34
94.
31 Mrizec a, t, )pyrrr«w
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
nr.
UoaaffOla
'.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
118.
ftatflaeyri tana
1 34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'if.
3-*atftytefl«l antnrana
'34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'20.
4,4'-iiatnytanaeia(2-e*HaraanUtna)
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
E-5
-------
TateH £-1 (Continued)
serscTio* u*its 'ot '*« *044 *ho scm 'iid samples
SOIVIHT EiriiCTica »r suutr a
iiiiiia»»llinn«iuaill»uiau<
3iTfe?:o* u«i?j '
SMcta Smbii Sarna Sanoi*
S«t It Sac a2 Sat A Si! at
30AT '.1ST CWSTITUCMT (BOi) (OBM lam) caem)
SWIVOUTllI oaomcs (Contifvad)
34.
•atnyl wtnanMwiferwta
1.34
1.21
2.73
1.34
121.
Maoncftaiana
1.34
1.21
2.72
1.34
*22.
1 >-«a0ien«auinan*
1.34
1.2a
2.71
1.34
23,
l-»a«littiyla«i*a
1.34
1.2a
2.72
1.34
*24.
2-aasfitlrrlaaina
1.34
1.28
2.7J
1.34
'25.
a*a)tfoanulm
ft.8
ft.4
13.4
ft.8
'2*.
Nicratomm
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•27.
4-Nitr«0l«Ml
ft.8
4.4
13.4
6.ft
'28.
«•« 1 treMfl! butyl aai n*
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'29.
»•»< trotMtatnyiaai na
1.34
'.28
2.72
1.34
'30.
h-ni trsaedlatftytaaina
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'31.
m •«< < roawtfty t atfty t aai rw
1.34
*.28
2.72
1.34
•32.
#-¦) troMBBrvMUnc
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•31.
N-iH troMSipaHdlnc
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'33.
'34
1.28
2.72
1.34
154.
¦-mirfleaapyri-atldtna
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
'34.
PantaeKtaraMraana
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•37.
»antac»1oraawana
2.3
5
J
5.1
'38.
»wtee» 1 arani tredaniam
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
S9.
Pantsen 1 arocMnai
4.4
a.4
13.4
ft.a
•anan«iran«
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
142.
PNanal
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
220.
mnaite artr»«r»d»
t.34
1.21
2.72
1.34
144.
'r-anasiit
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
141.
p'f* awa
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•44.
laaaralwt
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
147.
la»p«4«
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
144.
1.2,t,$-fetmlilen*e«em
1.34
1.28
2.71
1.34
149.
2,3,t>4-T«rMmaroaMnai
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
150.
\2(4-TMdtlar«*a«ar*
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
151.
2,4,5-Tr<i'iMupi mil) i*aa*iata
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•
iv»-r r«n i troaanaana
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
•
4-aitroquinailna-1-oat 4a
1.34
1.28
2.72
1.34
* hoi • I0*1 ti«t carat(tuant.
E-6
-------
Tibl* E-1 (Continued)
:etect:» l;»its »» '*(
SEMIVtXATllt OIGAatCS (Contirxrtd)
•
n-Olnl (reeanxana
• .3*
1.28
2.77
1.3*
•
p• w» any 1 km i «¦ i cm
i.3*
1.28
2.72
1.36
•
n-Craaoi
1.16
1.28
2.7J
1.36
•
2-MatnyinasfitnaLan*
1.3*
'28
2.72
-.36
•
«. «-0 laatfry l pftanatny l «i na
1.3*
1.28
2.72
1.3*
•
2-P4e»tlna
1.3*
1.28
2.7?
•.3*
•
J-mtroant Una
6.8
6.4
13.6
6.8
•
a-Toluidlna
1 .3*
1.28
2.72
' 3*
•
2-«
-------
Tabl« E-i (Continued)
3ETECTI CM LiXl'S 'Q* '*( (3<4 MO l5J1 «II8 SA»iIt
SOivlnT cktbact:C* »r «n»' 3
• 3ETECT19N
iimri
r
SaMPia
Smbi 4
Saaeta
S»*i#
Sat «1
Sat *2
Sat 43
Sat at
J0AT
UST CflMtTtT\j»T
igemt
(seal
!»)
iem)
r::? muti
•-
15*.
AntiMny
MA
MA
9.028
NA
159.
Artanie
NA
MA
0.009
NA
154,
Jar ii*
NA
MA
a. 002
NA
•57.
lafyUiui
MA
MA
0.002
NA
Caai«
HA
MA
0.909
NA
119,
oireaiyi (total)
. MA
MA
0.00?
MA
221,
CMrmtm (h«xavai»*ti
a.3i
0.01
a. 8i
o.:i
*40.
Copptf1
MA
MA
0.003
MA
141.
LH4
ma
MA
O.QOS
NA
162.
mrturr
NA
¦A
0.0QQ3
NA
141.
Nleut
MA
MA
0.013
NA
144.
Saianiia
NA
HA
0.001
NA
149.
S1lv«r
' ma
MA
0.00*
NA
'66.
Thailiai
MA
MA
0.01
NA
167.
vanadtia
MA
MA
3.003
NA
14S.
line
MA
MA
0.0C3
NA
CA MA1T» UTtACTIOH MTAll
15*.
Antlaony-
0.02S
0.02S
0.02s
0.021
TSS.
Arsantc
0.03 ¦
0.03
0.03
0.03
156.
l«r
-------
Tabic E-1 (Continued)
aeiecr:oh •.i«its to* '»t C4j *no c:v «ess
SOLVENT EXTRACT [CM AT 3.ANT 3
:6tect:» c:»its
SMVl* SMBl* S4«Cl«
s«t »1 s«t «2 s«t rt s«< «4
SOAT .1ST :3H«TiruCHT (XM) (DO») (OOi) xm)
iA UASTI gXTIACTIOB *TAIS- (Cont i r%*C)
14$.
Sil*«r
3.304
3.004
3.004
3.303
164.
*h»lIlua
3.32
3.02
0.35
3.31
167.
varadiia
3.303
3.003
0.303
3.303
166.
Zine
3.003
3.003
3.003
3.003
•
Cooalt
3.306
3.006
C.0O6
3.306
•
*otyeav««
3.306
3.006
0.006
3.306
INOCGAN1cs
169.
Cvarid*
3.49
3.5
C .49
:.iA
170.
t luonaa
u
«A
0.2S
NA
171.
Sulfid*
MA
NA
5
NA
PCll
200.
Aroetor 1016
NA
NA
NA
0.86
201.
»roel or 1221
NA
NA
NA
3.U.
202.
Aroetor 1232
NA
NA
NA
o.aa
203.
*roc Ior 1242
NA
NA
NA
o.aa
204.
aroeior 1244
NA
NA
NA
3.88
20S.
4 roe i or 1254
NA
NA
NA
3.46
206.
a roe tor 1240
O
O
3.0006
0.0009
3.0006
210.
'•ntaeMorod* Mnzofurtra
3.3CW
O.OOOS
3.0006
0.0004
«A Mt
•
* Mt
a MAT list car
¦tttuarrt.
E-9
-------
Tfbi« e>i (Continued)
5ITKT10H Wi»! rS '3t *»( coa »«C <35? »EEO iAJWilS
SOWMT MTMCTIO* AT BumT 3
DtTfCTlOB U»|TI ,
s««i« %mmit SMDit
Set »1 S«t *2 S« *3 Sac *4
scat list constitucmt (sea) o«a) caoi) (.am)
aiSXIlt *N0 'IMAMS CantifMM)
211. *«tr«enio<"«itta(txs-e>47,8«T«raentorMiiMnzo*oa4iaiin
*» Mt P«pWt«*.
3.0019 0.0022 3.3022 3.301}
«• 3.3011 3.0012 3.3019
3.0016 0.0021 Q.0C21 3.3012
E-10
-------
N N N
-*NS»UjgiS9|ftMN^O«fliN9U)f"N- o < o
O
r~
fr
s
§
n
i/i
O r-
#- • •
a I
M
I
O o o o oooooo oo o o o o o o o oo
O O • • O • O • O O • • L) o u
^SSSmmS33333-*'-'33,-«S'>«3-SSmm - —
j -1
8 Z
oooo oooooo oo o a u ou o u oo
3333mm333333i« l*33-*3'-*3'->33333m'><33u»ui — —
o o
M
jj • 1
3333nn333333-* ^33-*3^3^33333n-*33mm — —
pi
w a •
oooo
O Q Q o
m A 3 m
o o o O CJ
u u o cj u o u u o c i u
u a • -<«/> b
y ^ S
w * •
-------
Tifel# £-2 (Continued)
UTicTiOi .i*r$ *o« •»! scuos uwits
SCl'ENT EX'IACTIOM *r S'.ANT 0
DltfCTlW UWTS '
SMDla SMDtt
S«C »1 Sl( I] S«t 0$ S«l *4
MAI ust const ituht. (gmi ' 'am) ismi (.ami
vOUTIi.1 OIGMtCS (ComtimjM)
32.
lodoaatftana
a. 05
o.os
O.OS
O.OS
33.
iMBMCyl aieamt
f
5
5
5
34.
•atftyl ttftyt Mtena
0.1
3.1
0.1
3.!
229.
>»•«»*» iMSucyl Rttww
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
35.
Nvtftyl aatflaerytaca
' 0.05
0.05
O.OS
3.35
37.
•atltylaei-ylamtrita
0,05
0.05
O.OS
3.35
31.
enloriaa
0.05
O.OS
O.OS
0.35
3».
»yri aim
2.5
2.9
2.5
2.5
4a.
1.1,1,2-f macular aatharn
0.05
O.OS
0.05
0.35
41.
1,1,2.2-Tatrwn torwt nana
9.05
o.os
O.OS
0.35
42.
ratracntaroatnarw
0.05
0.05
O.OS
0.05
43.
rsiuana
0.05
O.OS
0.99
0.05
44.
Tr ihfi—thana
0.01
O.OS
O.OS
0.35
41.
i,1,1•TrlentaraatMana
0.05
O.OS
O.OS
3.05
44.
1,',2-THenlwoatnana
0.05
o.os
O.OS
3.35
47.
THcftlaroatftara
0,05
O.OS
0.05
0.35
44.
T r (eft I aramf I uoraaathara
0.05
0.05
3.05
3.05
49.
i,2,3'* Trteniereeroaana
0.05
0.05
O.OS
0.25
231.
t, t, 2-f Heft tare-1,2,2-trHluef9atl«am
0.05
O.OS
O.OS
3.05
SO.
Vinyl c*tor1<*a
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
215.-
217. xytanaa (total)
0.05
O.OS
O.OS
0.05
•
2-Wltreeraeam
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
•
Itvaria
0.05
O.OS
O.OS
0.05
•
2-ntiim
0.1
0.1
0.1
3.1
•
tfinyl aeatata
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
•
1,2-ftfaMarwtftana (tatal)
0.05
0.09
O.OS
0.05
•
2-ltft«y«tiun»i
o;os
O.OS
O.OS
3.05
souvounu OMMtCS
51.
*«anaalifft*lan»
3.33
9.33
0.33
0.33
12.
•Canaan tfiana
3.33
9.33
0.33
3.33
53.
Acf tflflMW
0.13
0.33
0.13
0.33
54.
2 • icatyi Ml »wf l uaraiw
0.33
o.n
0.33
0.33
55.
4>M4nafei|Mnyt
0.S3
0.33
9.S3
9.33
• Mt • MAT Mat mmtltmrn.
E-12
-------
Table £-2 (Continued)
3ITICTI0M i;»ITS (Qfl "»l (Aft'lUTC SOL OS UWUI
sciveh' ExrucTiOH «r ?lamt a
tmilllflmiiamiMlMKllllllitllltuiiaiiliiiiaiiiiiitainaiau
aerecrrow umrj
S«HDl« SMBlt SjflDl a SMDl«
S«t I' Sat *2 S«t *3 Sat U
MAT list CONSTITUENT (oca) (sea) <(*»> (MI)
SIMtVOLArtLI OaGMtCS CCant1f»jad>
5*.
Art I In*
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
57.
Antnracana
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
58.
ta
3.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
59.
lanxfaiantnracana
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
62.
tansaefctAalata
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
72.
Jury l Banrvl pfttftatata
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
73.
2-MC-Duty I •*, 6-01 n» tree* anal
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
74.
p-Chlaraant Una
, 0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
75.
GMarooanailaxa
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
76.
D* Oil are* ••eraaal
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
77.
2-Oil arenas* thai ana
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
79.
2-Oila»ogianal
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
to.
Otryan
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
81.
srtiwCraaal
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
83.
para-Craaal
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
232.
Cvctoiwsarana
2
2
2
2
S3.
0anei
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
91.
2,6*6fdilar«0Mnal
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
«.
otaotyl jfttMlac*
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
E-13
-------
Tibl« E-2 (Continued)
3ite:t:3« »o« •»« u>';mn sci::s siw.is
sctvixr ekt*«t:3k *r su*f a
iUMiimniinau«n()imMiiiiu(Maiiiiaiiimiiiiiiii(auMiiaiiiiiiaiia>iiiiiiii
3CTicno« .ihitj *
i«n s«amt Saacta s*nci»
i«t *1 s«t *3 Sat <3 Set at
ao*r list csmititucht (ami teat) <«»> :oo»)
SCMIVQUTtLl 0R6UICS (CantiruM)
94.
9-01 Mtnyl Mi nwitHNani
0,33
3.33
0.33
0.33
95.
3,3'-0ioatftyi&ansi4ir*
' 0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
9*.
2,4-04aatftylsA«rMi
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
97.
9a < tr«a«i< aOtyt aa
-------
Tab1? E 1 (Continued)
Diners« uhitj ten t«« iaminatc soubi umu
soLVfur ixtiactiob it Kutr a
ion
3CTBCTI0M U«ITS
stasia sm(* s«ma SMi*
s«c <1 . $«t *2 s«t a s«» *
IOAT HIT const[Tutur igm) (.em) cm (»)
scMtvcukrai atomics ccaniimjaa)
131
«•«< traMMtiiylatflylaitn*
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
132
n-attrMatrtMiin*
0.33
0.33
0.33
3.33
133
»«
-------
9T-3
'Iwntitwn >»n ivm •
wo
tfiO'O
two
EOC'C
te*e
Ol
ie*o
10*0
¦iianjic
*IR
Deo
wo
core
EOO'C
(tint) vnasjio
*«l
SOC'O
SOO'O
SOC'O
soo-c
¦mw*2
Ki
100*0
lOC'O
106*0
100*0
'itl
100*0
100*0
100*0
tOO'O
•»».»«
•fSl
10'C
ICC
lO'O
tO'O
•PMJV
*SSI
»ro*c
two
«0'0
~WO
*M!WV
•tsi
ttviM rm
ft
ro
TO
ro
sun
*f9l
ro
re
£0
ro
Hi
i
i
I
i
•nmw
¦f9l
9*0
»*o
»*0
»*o
M*1)S
*Wl
£*0
CO
£*0
re
-m
I
I
I
i
'CTt
»oco
2000*0
£000*0
noo'o
'1*1
fi
r?
r?
rz
mv\
'Itl
f*C
,ro
£*0
£0
J&OQOO
*Wi
fo
£*0
£*0
£*0
C 1»ao3} vnaejio
1*0
5*0
S*0
1*0
*ttl
ro
1*0
ro
re
•ill
ro
ro
ro
1*0
anu»l
•?si
i
i
i
i
9|UMJf
III
V2
V?
- Auntiuv
*tSi
tlfilM
£f'C
££0
0*0
at
JW 1*U»UB. lAi»U00J01«O.*
•
cro
K'O
fro
¦ ££* 0
•mojogoe* i
•
ttc
££*0
££*0
at
¦u*M.2i'i
•
££' C
KO
££*C
ETC
iou»uoej) m-2
•
(wnuuuea) utwvsac iiunaAims
(«bo) cmb) («> (boo) i*ifuu»i»D isn ivoi
» i»s v w s* m it >«
• laws »>a»s aia»$ »ia»s
, inwn wujiue
• ••¦¦¦•(•¦••¦¦•*BSMB«a»«aaaaBBBaaaBaBaaaaaBaaaaaaBca(aBaBBBaBBaBBBBBaBBBBBaBBBaBsaaBBBBBBBai
e imn< it teuatim i*i*ios
S3i*m icitos im:
-------
Tibl« 12 (Continued)
outer:* »a» **« uxtw't solid* m»us
sotvtdT e»ructi« *r >uar 3
nui
SITICTlOi
11*1 ?!
/
saaota
Swi
SMB1*
iaMBt*
iat »i
Sat i2
Sat <3
Sat at
SCAT
UJT COBtTITUiiT
i ami
0.009
0.009
0.309
169.
SilMT
0.903
0.003
0.903
0.303
16*.
ThaiI! Mi
3.01
0.91
0.04
0.01
16?.
0.003
0.903
0.003
0.003
16».
Zlna
0.003
0.983
0.003
0.003
•
CoMC
9.90*
9.00*
0.00ft
0.90*
9
¦aiyMna
0.30*
0.90*
0.00*
0.006
• let • MAT U»t umlnan.
E-17
-------
TiftliE-2 (Continued)
urn's »» rm u»»:mn sextet uwui
ssLvtur fxtuct;on *r >uur a
umiinuiaiuiniiiniiuniiHuiiiiuninniHimiimunuuiiiHiHmiiiuuiiiu
DITICTIOI umn
ami 9 stmu s«eit s«*©i«
Sot f1 S«t «3 S«t #3 Set *4
IMT list caitTiTuiar (am) coca) lemi (mm)
[NQBGMtCS
t«. Cvant* 8,6* 0.1? 0.4? 0.44
t?0. riueriaa u u <1
t?1. tuifida «A MA M« «A
Kta
200. Aroctor 101* MA MA MA 0.5
201. * roc i or 1121 , ma ma ma Q.J
202. Afaelor 1232 ma ma ma C.5
203. AroeI or 1242 MA HA MA 0.5
204. Aroelor 124t MA MA MA 0.J
203. * roc tor 1254 MA MA MA 0.5
206. Aroelor 12*0 MA MA MA 0.5
3I0XIMI AJS IMAM
20?. HoucMorotflbarM-r'lttl'V MA HA ma ma
20i. HoxocMorodlboniofurw* ha ma na ha
20V. unttrtionMlbowp-dlo^r* ma NA ma ma
210. *«ntadi(or«i1taRMfurm ma ma ma ma
211. rotracfiiorotflbvwrtflvini MA MA MA w
211. TttrNMiorart
-------
I'ubit* li-J
Matrix Spike Recoveries for Organic* in Noiiwastewatcr.s 1 hat
Were Used to Correct Treatment Performance Data from Solvent Extraction at Plant Q
*
Milni Spike
Matrix Dupbralr
S|ike Cu&i4ily(X)l
Orifnal Anousl
f-ouniihh>u1
Vi
1i ilurnc
tMM*>
mis
IMWS
urn
II IIS
II UMI
•t
i hU*i**>en/chc
Nli
II OS
IHISS
i in
III1S
(1 ii\ |
(Ml
¦*
Methylene i IiUmmIc
Nl)
ii m
ii tm
IH4
II ll.s
ii im
1 HI
iS!
1,1,1 InchlonKlhtm:
NM
•l »s
II llf.2
IM-
II us
il n\*>
1 Mi
i:
4 Mcihyl-2 |»cni*in«Mte
Nl)
II IIS
llltf.l
IJJ
III IS
11 iM 1
K f
i \
Xylenes (tol tl)
il IKW
IHIS
IHIS?
>H,
II IIS
niMfi
.'{
it
AVfckAGt
109
M-MIVOI.VIIM- OHl.ANII
S
riicii4 a
r; -i;
»t
1
- 1
hi > N.'.i \U li » I« (I *
' I . h lit n« 'I \\ I. i ti tl .»[ im\ « i lu' * K 11 * 11« in liitnM NI M, if it • i ij-iii.il .uii> >11 it I Ituiittl U i\ * .m ,itl< i. .1 . • t •. >>< . ii, uJ.iimr jm
y I *.v. -i
-------
Table E-3
(Continued)
Matrix Spike
Matria Hpiitt Pu|iiirMe
1 '
,S|itke ContliliiCMl
Original Aanmal
FoumT (ppm)
Amount
Spiked
Amoual
Raoicml _
(pfnat
Pwtuil
RmitiT
<*>
AbuuiM
Spikrd
(pput)
AlDUUUt
RKDim^
<*>
Pert till
R«i»nj
<%>
Rfibiltv*
PfllHll
Difftrmic
m
2 ("hl
6 67
j os
46
hM
1 IH
IK
HH
li NilniM. di n |ini|)yUniinc
Nl»
667
4 14
62
i,M
1 76
S)
H
1 2,4 1 iithlumbciwcnr
Nil
66?
.166
ss
liW
Ml>>
47
4 ( hl.jiiKl niciliyl|'licn,il
Nil
B »
•)2
t,'l
n \
12 H
'<<•
i !
Ai r n1
no
13 I
K6;
f.">
1 1 1
14 6
1 III
¦ i
2.4 lhniirt>n>luc»c
Nil
66?
4 SI
6M
liM
S S4
k i
,'H
l'« ill hc m il
Nil
Ill
III 6
811
H 1
1.' 4
'H
1%
l*y«ne
0 4112
6 67
6 2
K7
6M
/ /
1 iu
J S
AVLKAt.K
*7
I »U
Nl > Nol ilcli . I. <1 •
*1 hi > mi ,lil in ills mil ill »11 il .ilutvr I In ill 11 I III 'II liinil ( Nl > |. I In. i ii ij-iimI .inn mill It mini w.is i mi iili i ol ,. I,, m , ,ih iil.tl in>' pi 11 < III iiuiti n
• m i r-ivv im i
inn Mil- >.M
I '<)
-------
Table E~»
Summary of Accuracy Correction Factors for Organics in Nonwastewaters
from Solvent Extraction at Plant Q
BDAT List Constituent
Accuracy Correction Factor
VOLATILE ORGANICS 1
Benzene
i <5:
Ethvlbenzene
1 163
Toluene*
1
Xylenes (total)
1.3"
SEMIVOLATTLE ORGANICS
Anthracene
1.493*
Benzol a)anthracene
1.493*
Naphthalene
1.493*
Benzo(a)pyrene
i.493'
Pvrene
1 149
Chrvsene
1.493*
Phenol
1.58^
Phenanthrene
1.493*
*A matrix spike was not performed for this constituent. The percent recovery for this constituent ;s Cased t.
the lower average percent recovery of the matrix spike and matrix spike duplicate for the semivolatue irsa.-uc
constituents.
*The matrix spike duplicate recovery for toluene was 9cr. Recoveries less than 20^ are not acceptable k r
the BDAT program and are not included in calculating accuracy correction factors iReference I'
SRJ»9
1009-0lb nn
E-:
-------
i
Tabic E-b
HATHIX SFIKt HEC0VEH1CS FOR FLUIlJlZfcD HKD INCIIKIMTOII A3II
m
i
fO
Spike Constituent
Original
Aaount Found
(Pf)
VOIATI L£S
<1. Benzene
Chlorobenzene
D i ch1orod i T1uoroae thane
1,1-Dichloroethane
Toluene
TrIchloroethen#
9.
21.
22.
13.
m.
215-
21?.
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
Xylene (total)
Average
.Spike ConatItuent
iifclNI V0LAT1LES
(UASE/NEUTML FRACTION)
52.
59.
62.
70.
Original
Aaount Found
(l»P»)
ao.
8?.
Acenaphthene
Benz( a )anthracene
Benxo(a)pyrene
Bta(2-ethylt>exy I)
phthalate
Chrysene
o-Dichtorotienzene
<0.2
• •
«•
¦ ¦
¦ ¦
<0.2
Aaount
Spiked
(PP«)
50
50
50
50
50
Aaount
Spiked
(w>)
10
1U
Aaount
Hecovered
41
21
Percent"
hecovery
H8
46
18
lo
38
96
BO
76
77
_ Saap I c He an 11
Aaount Percent •
Uncovered
(Pf)
6.6
liecovery
66
7 5
75
iHipl I Cat I' .S.11IIJ1 11- l(i:.til
Aaount
Hecovered
6 i
iVrreut •
liceover y
m
I.1
lb
It.
•Percent recovery - 100 ¦ (C| - where L*, - amount recovered, t'0 - original amount i.mu.1, ,,i„i i
aaount spiked.
¦•No aatrli apike uaa perfumed for Lhli constituent. Tin.- |>eri:cnl recovery lor ilu . < .«n a 11 ni i, |
lower average pel-cent recover y ol the sen) volatile (li.iue/neutra 1 ) const 11 ueni . Ilu l<>w«i .iy,-raj;«-
i nuivi-i'K I :i li 1% limn I lie duplicate :>ainple.
¦ * *H.. «i.11 i I * i|i I Im- w.i » |u i I hi m« il I i H I 111 :> run . I i I iii ill 11,, j11-1 ..-til i i*i «>u» i y i . |>.>.<. | >>n I in , • i j.
t | y lot I I M > I . i I 1 I « t I 'I I , I I I t i« I ll , 1 11 | , V I 1 > i I { { %
I « « III
-------
Table E- 5 (Continued)
HATH 11 SPIKE HECOVtHIES FON FLUIDIZED BEO IMC1NENATOH A5II
pi
I
ro
UJ
Spike Constituent
Original
laount Found
(pt»)
90. Di-nrbutyi phthaUta
102. 2,1-Dlnltrotoluene
105. DI-M-propylnltroaa»lne
109. Fluorene
121. Naphthalene
111. Phenanthrene
115. Pyrene
150. 1,2,'l-Trlchlorobenzene
Average
1NGHUANICS
<5.0
<0.5
¦ a
¦ ¦
<0.2
<0.5
Aaouiit
Spiked
(w)
50
50
10
10
Saaple Wean It
Aaount
Hecovered
tw)
27
35
5.a
9
Percent"
Recovery
5M
70
5tt
90
*»9
Duplicate .'ianm !<•
Amount l'crt-«:nl*
Hecovered
?6
J5
5. i
H 6
liccovcry
(?)
yo
•. i
hi
lfc9.
171.
Cyanide
Sulfide
<0.51
<50
0. 10
52 J
0. 10
-------
Table E-5 (Continued)
HATH IX SPIKE HECOVEHIES FOH FLU 101 ZED BED INClNEHATOli ASli
rn
i
to
Spike Constituent
METALS (TCLP EXTRACT)
151. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
157. Henyl Hub
156. Cadmium
159- Chromium (total)
22\. Chromium (hexavalent)
IbO. Copper
16 1. Lead
iCi. Nickel
I61. Selenium
ifcS. Silver
166. Thallium
16/. Vanadium
168. Zinc
Or i gIna1
Amount Found
(PP»)
Amount
Spiked
UhlL
Sample Hesult
Amount
Hecovered
(PP»)
Percent"
Hecovery
(?)
71
136
93
7 6
75
80
63
88
n
HI
/')
59
77
71
Pup I icate
Amount
Heeovered
Samp I Mean 11
Percent"
Uecovery
~ No matrix spike was performed for tins constituent. The percent recovery is the .tvera^e pm
cement, kiln dust, and lime and fly ash TCLP extract for the stabilized ash lor this constituent. Table bl»
presents the data for Lhe percent recoveries tor stabilized i'luldized bed inc nteralor
-------
Table E-6
Matrix S|iike Recoveries Used to Correct Treatment Performance Data from High Temperature Thermal Distillation
at Plant CC for Organic* in Nonwastewatcrs
*
Milrii Spike
Matrix Spike Duplicate
Spike Constituent
Amount Spiked
Amount
Recovered
% Recovery
Amount Spiked
Aiiiiiunl Received
% Recovery
voiatii.k ok<;anics
1,1 Dkllloioclli.iiiu
HI
•k.
S<»
. HI
Ml
(.1 /
1 richlorocthaiu-
7(>
Nl
m
78
1 '0
1 Yl
Ucn/cnc
H(l
K2
1112
M
H
«M 1
Toluene
40
112
2KII
44
101
Ml
('Idurolwii/cnc
IDI
125
124
100
1IH
1 IX
AVfcKAiiK
149 4
1
SF.MIVOI.ATII.fc OHIiANH S
Phenol
'M
4«
4*1
•w
Ml
M
2('hI«iro|>licnoI
127
.SI
4112
127
11
42 i
lt4-l)ic'hlor«iltcn/cfn*
110
Ml
SI 5
III 1
vi
"Hi i
N NilniMt tli it
|iiii|iyl,niiim' (1)
n
•>(1
h't J
HI
i
111 1
1 1 1 l« lilttl illli IIA lit
/i
1/
(.(. 2
/I
•IS
ll / It
-------
Table K-6
(Continued)
Spike CwslilHtnl
Mtildi Spike
Matrix Spike Duplicate
Amount Spiked
Amount
Recovered
% Recovery
Amount Spiked
Amount Received
% Recovery
4 t'hlnrn Xmethylphenul
m
' 47
4'».5
%
52
5» 2
Accnaphthenc
UN)
57
57
UN)
S7
4 Niu«i|then<>l
(>2
51
82 J
Wi
K-l K
V)K
1 /•>
2,4-l)inilrnloIue«c
114
5<>
4"i 1
1117
I'tnliiihlurophcnol
30
8
2i,l
V>
/
Pyirne
X7
55
J.Y2
55
SH
Hi%
Ml 2
AVfclRAUfc
j5 1
-------
Table E-7
Summary of Accuracy Correction Factors for Organics in Nonwastewaters
for Plant CC - High Temperature Thermal Distillation
BDAT List Constituent
Accuracy Correction Factor
volatile ORGANICS
Benzene . j 1.) '
Ethylbenzene
i.cr
Toluene
10*
Xylenes (total)
10*
SEMIVOLAT1LE ORGANICS
Anthracene
l.Sl"
Benzo(a)anthracene
l.sr
Benzo(a)pyTene
1.81'
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
1.81*
Chrysene
.1
1.81*
Di-n-butyl phthalate
" 1.81*
Naphthalene
1.81*
Phenanthrene
l.Sl'
Phenol
2.04 l
Pvrene
' 58
' No mainx spike was performed for this constituent. The percent recovery for this constituent :s based ?n
the lower average percent recovery of the maim spike and matrix spike duplicate.
'Matrix spike recoveries of greater than 100% axe not acceptable for the BDAT program and are not
included in calculating accuracy correction factors as discussed in the Methodology Background Document
In these cases, the accuracy correction factors are established as I 0
NRJ/NW-049
1009-fllb nri
e-:~
-------
Tab!* E-0
MATRIX SPIKE RECOVERIES FOR THE TCLP EMTKACT FOR STABILIZED FLUIUiZE^HEU 1NCINLHATOK ASH
Ct'HEIIT
CONSTITUENTS (Pt>a)
BOAT METALS
15*. Antiaony
155. Arsenic
156. Bariua
157. Beryl Itua
158. Cadalua
159- Chroalua (total)
221. Chroalua
(tieiavalent)
lijil. Copper
lb 1. Lead
i6j, Nickel
16H. Seteniua
165. Silver
166. Thailtua
167. Vanadlua
168. Zinc
Ceaent; Huii 2
Original
Aaount Found
imi
- aa
/C|,, where Cj - aaount recovered, CQ - original aiaouitt a«>.i
C!t - aaount spiked.
••Mo aatria spike was perforaed for thla constituent. The percent recovery is the average ui pti ( ^hl recove
frcMB kiln dust and i lae and fly ash for thla constituent. This average is shown in Uur pcrct.-iiL i ecu wry
COlUBII.
-------
T«b4* E-8 (Continued)
HATHIX SPUE RECOVERIES FOR THE TCI.P EXTRACT FOB STABILIZED FI.U1 U12EU UEI) JNCINKMATOH ASH
KILN OUST
Kiln Dual: Hun 1 Kiln Dust: Hun 1
Original Original
iNunt
Aaount
Aaount
Percent
Aaount
Amount
Aaounl
Percent
found
Spiked
Recovered
Recovery*
Found
Spiked
Recovered
Hecovecy*
CONSTITUENTS
(aw)
(PP*)
{})
(mp)
(lUinO
{%)
BOAT METALS
151. AnMaony
<0.143
1.0
0.66
66
<0.163
1.0
0,815
82
155. Arsenic
0.005
0.1
0 1J7
H2
156. HarluB
0.203
1.0
1.103
90
0.20*
1.0
1. 15
91
157. Beryl Hub
<0.001
1.0
0.706
71
<0.001
1.0
0.8*5
as
158. Cadalua
<0.003
1.0
0.69*
69
<0.003
1.0
0.81*
81
159. Chroaiua (total)
1.7a
1.0
2.532
75
1.87
1.0
2.7**
87
221. Cltroalua
• •
2.13
1.0
3. 15
»02
(heaavalenl)
160. Copper
<0.003
1.0
0.721
72
<0.003
10
1. 17
1 17
161. Lead
¦¦
<0.006
1.0
0 7t*»
77
16J. Mlckel
<0.018
1.0
0.675
68
<0.018
1.0
11 816
82
161. Selenlua
0.0**
0.0*
0.05
0.0776
7 5
165. Silver
<0.006
1.0
0.70
70
<0.006
1.0
0.8jtf
8*
166. Ttialllua
0.009
1.0
0.5/1
56
167. Hanadlua
1.53
1.0
1.968
**
1.56
1.0
2.*98
9*
168. Zlno
o.ota
1.0
0.755
71
0.031
1.0
0.8/1
8*
'Percent recovery = 100 m (C| - C0)/Ct, where C| - amount recovered, Cu - original anount luunj, and
CL = aaount spiked.
¦(No Mtrli spike Mas performed for this constituent, for run 1.
-------
Tabto E-8(ConUnu«d)
HATNIM SPIKE RECOVERIES FOB THE TCLP EXTRACT FOR STABILIZED FLUID I ZED BED INCINEHAJQK ASII
LINE AND FLY ASH
Ltae and Fiyash: Hun: i
Original
Amount Amount Amount Percent
Found Spiked Recovered Hecovery*
CONSTITUENTS (ppm) Ififill ifififfil 60. Copper 0.006 1.0 0.719 tH
161. Lead <0.006 1.0 0,72 72
161. Nickel <0.018 1.0 0.698 /i>
161. Selenium 0.017 0.05 0.059 . Us
165. Silver <0.006 1.0 0.726 /{
166. Thallium <0.001 1.0 0.583
167. Vanadium 0.156 1.0 1.092 911
168. Zinc 0.052 1.0 0.731 60
•Percent recovery = 100 x (C4 - C0)/Ct, where Cj - amount recovered, CQ i original amount. I'ounu, ami
Ci = amount spiked.
-------
labia E-9 •
SUMMARY OF ACCURACY CORRECTION FACTORS FOR NOSViASTEVATER TCLP METALS
(Stabilization)
r
Accuracy Corrgcs-.an rac:sr*
CanstUu«nc Centre KUn Quag L:ae ar.d -I/ ;s-.
15*. Antiaony 1.35 '.36 '33
•59. Arsenic 0.7* 0.76 0.71
*56. Sariua U'O 1.10 '.03
157. 3«ryUiua 1.32 1.29 1.37
158. Cadaiua 1-33 1.31 i.39
^59. Chrmiua 1.25 1.23 1-3-
160. Capper 1.34 1.06 1-35
161. ttad 1.01 1.31 : 39
163. Nictcal 1.37 i.3« '.«*3
i6tt. Seleniua 1.19 1-33 MA
165. Silver 1.33 '.30 1 38
167. Vaaadlua 1.30 1.15 *07
161. 2Lao 1.35 1.29 i.»T
~Tha Accuracy Correction Factor is equal co 100 divided by cha Ftrcenc
Recovery.
E-31
-------
Appendix F
Wastewater Organics
Accuracy Correction Data
-------
Wastewater Organics
Accuracy Correction Data
Table
Description
F-l
Matrix spike recoveries used to correct wastewater treatment
performance data for phenol
NRJ/NW-049
1009-Olb.ni]
F-l
-------
Accuracy correction factors account for analytical interferences associated
with the chemical matrices of the samples. EAD variability factors were originally
calculated to represent performance, analytical, and matrix variation. Accordingly, in
those cases where an EAD variabi'ity factor is used, an accuracy correction factor is no',
used.
For the organic constituents considered for regulation in wastewater forms
of F037 and F038, only one constituent requires accuracy correction, since all other
constituents considered for regulation will have an EAD variability factor associated with
the calculation of their treatment standard. The constituent requiring accuracy
correction is phenol and the matrix spike, matrix spike duplicate, and accuracy correction
factor for this constituent are presented in Table F-l.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-0lb.nr]
F-2
-------
Table F-l
Matrix Spike Recoveries Used
to Correct Wastewater Treatment Performance Data
for Phenol
BDAT List
Constituent
Matrix Spike
Recovery
(%)
Matrix Spike
Duplicate Recovery
(%)
Accuracy Correction
Factor*
Phenol
71
74
1.4
'The Accuracy Correction Factor is equal to 100 divided by the lower matrix spike
percent recovery.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b.nr)
F-3
-------
Wastewater Organics
Accuracy Correction Data
Table
Description
GA
Matrix spike recoveries for metals is wastewater residuals
G-2
Summary of accuracy correctioniactors for metals in wastewaters
w
NRJ/NW-049
1009-Olb.mj
G-l
-------
MATRIX SPIKE RECOVERIES
Tabla G-l
FOR METALS IN UASTEUATER RESIDUALS*
Samle Recovery Duplicate Sample Hesuit
Spike Constituent
Original
Amount Found
fPPbl
Amount
Spliced
Amount
Recovered
-------
Table G-2
Summary of Accuracy Correction Factors for Metals in Wastewaters
(Chromium Reduction Followed by lime and Sulfide
Precipitation and Vacuum Filtration)
Constituent
Accuracy Correction Factor"
Chromium (total)
I-4?
Lead
132
Zinc
1.02
The Accuracy Correction Factor is equal to 100 divided by the percent recovery.
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b.ni]
G-3
-------
Appendix H
Statistical Comparison of Data Sets for
Nonwastewater Metal Constituents
-------
Appendix H
Statistical Comparison of Data Sets for
Nonwastewater Metal Constituents
Table
Description
H-l
Summary of statistical comparison of data sets for nonwastewater
metals
H-2
Metals data and ranks
H-3
Comparison of 5 treatments by analyte using ANOVA nonpar ametric
approach
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b.nr]
H-l
-------
Statistical Comparison of Data Sets
for K048-K052 Nonwastewater Metal Constituents
A statistical test was used to compare the treatment performance achieved
by Plants I, R, U, and X for stabilization of metals in K048-K052 treatment residuals.
Results of the statistical comparison are presented inTables H-l through H-3. As
demonstrated in Table H-l, the data from Plants X and R (stabilization of^lvent
extraction raffinate) indicated overall better treatment for metal constituents in K048-
K052.
A statistical comparison of treatment performance could not be performed
for selenium because data were not available from Plants R, U, or X for this constituent.
A nonparametric approach was used to perform the statistical comparison
of these data. This approach is an alternative statistical method to the analysis of
variance (ANOVA) test discussed in EPA's Methodology for Developing BDAT
Treatment Standards (2). The major assumptions made in performing an ANOVA are
that: (1) the errors have a mean of zero, and (2) the errors are independent and
normally distributed. It was difficult to assess whether the stabilization data met the
above criteria, since so little data were available and some of the results were below the
detection limit. Finally, the treated waste data being compared included a number of
*
different levels of detection limits. '
A nonparametric approach is an alternative approach which circumvents
some of these problems. This approach does not involve assumptions about the
underlying distribution of the data. Instead, the nonparametric approach involves
ranking, or categorizing, the data and performing standard statistical tests on the ranks
or categories. A nonparametric version of the ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple-Range
test were performed to 'cojnpare the stabilization treatment performance data from
NRJ/NW-049
1009-01b.nr]
H-2
-------
Plants I, R, U, and X. ANOVAs are used to determine whether differences among
several means are significant, however, they do not determine which given means (or
group of means) are significantly higher or lower than the others. A multiple range test
can be used to determine which group means are higher or lower than the others, given
that there is a significant difference between the means. For example, an ANOVA
performed on the metals data may conclude that the^mean analyte concentrations are
different treatment types. When the treatment means differed significantly, Duncan's
Multiple-Range test was then used to determine which treatments had meair
concentrations which were significantly higher or lower than the other treatments. (This
approach still does not always adequately deal with the problem of multiple detection
limits in the treatments being compared, since "not detected" values are ranked according
to the value of the detection limit.)
*
I
NRJ/NW-049
l009-01b.nij
H-3
-------
Tabto H-l
SUMMARY or SfAIISIICAL COWAJtlSON OF DAIA SEIS (Oft NONUASlEUAItR M£1AIS *
RANKING Of DAIA StIS"
¦OAI list Rett Second lest Ihird Rest four III lest Fifth Rest
Constituent Data Set Oat a Set Data Set Data Set Oata Set Comments
Arsenic Plant R and Plant Ua Plant lib Ha data weie available Iron
Plant I Plant X for this constituent.
Chroaiua (total) Plant 8 and Plant Ua and Plant
Plant K Plant Ub
Nickel Plant I and Plant R,
plant X Plant Ua, and
Plunt U>
Set cm us
Plant I
No data Mere available- Iiua
Plants R, U, or x for this
constituent.
OVERALL RANKING Pl«nt X Plant II Plant I Plant Ua Plant Ub
• See Appcndi• A for plant codes,
•* Plant Ua - liae/fly ash stabiIiiation ol KtKB and KOSt incinerator ash.
Plant Ub ¦ line/fly ash/C/f stabilization of k(X8 and K0S1 incinerator ash.
-------
Tabto H-2
Metals Data and Ranks
ANALTTE-AISENIC -
Run
Amoco1
Amoco2
Nun.
EssmU
B?nls
Rewlt
1
0.008
10.5
0.021
18.0
2
0.008
10.5
0.015
17.0
3
0.008
10.5
0.092
20.0
4
0.010
14.0
0.08
19.0
5
0.011
1S.0
6
<0.008
6.0
7
0.009
13.0
a
0.013
16.0
9
0.008
10.5
10
<0.008
6.0
BP
Result Rank
EPA
EXXON
<0
004
2.5
0
004
6
<0
004
2.5
<0
003
" 1
0
006
8.0
<0
006
4
Run
ANALYTE-CHROMIUM
Amoco1
Amoco2
BP
EPA
Num.
RSiTAL?
Rank
Mfifc
Result
RfisaK
Rank
1
0.47
8.0
1.010
15.0
<0.05
3
2
0.99
14.0
0.054
7.0
<0.05
3
1.47
21
3
0.61
9.5
0.610
9.5
<0.05
3
1.57
22
4
1.11
19.0
1.100
18.0
<0.05
3
1.4
20
5
1.04
17.0
,
6
0.98
13.0
.
,
7
1.03
16.0
m
.
3
0.71
11.0
,
.
,
9
0.86
12.0
EXXON
Result: Rank
<0
<0
10
05
ANALTTE-NICKEL
Run Amoco1
Nuffl, Rgnfc
1
0.061
7.0
0
113
2
0.097
11.5
0
108
3
0.097
11.5
0
314
4
0.101
16.0
0
097
5
0.099
14.0
6
0.104
17.0
7
0.108
18.5
8
0.129
21.0
9
0.096
9.0
10
0.097
11.5
11
0.138
23.0
Amoco2
BjuuIs Rank
20.0
18.5
25.0
11.5
BP"
Resulc Rank
EFA EXXON
Resulc Rank
<0.04
4
<0
026
2.5
0.05
5
<0
026
2.5
0
15
24
0.06
6
<0
020
1.0
0
13
22
0.07
8
0
1
15
H-5
-------
T«bl« H-3
bdat
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANQVA
Nonparaaetric Approach
ANALYTE-ARSIKIC
General Linear Models Procedure
Class Level Information
Class Levels Values
SOURCE 5 AMOCO1 AM0C02 BP EPA EXXON
v
Number of observations in by group = 50
NOTE: Due to missing values, only 20 observations can be used in this analy
H-6
-------
Tabl* H—3 Continued)
lsdat
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANQVA
Nonparaaetric Approach
analyte-arsenic • .
General Linear Models
Procedure
Dependent
Variable: RCONC
RANK FOR VARIABLE
CON 2
SUB Of
Mean
Source
DF
Squares
Square
F
Value Pr >
Model
3
560.66666667
186.88888889
35.46 0.00
Error
IS
84.33333333^
- 5.27083333
Corrected
Total 19
645.00000000
W
R-Square
C.V.
Root MSE
RCONC Me
0.869251
21.86504
2.2958296
10.500000
Source
DF
Type I SS
Mean square
F
Value Pr >
SOURCE
3
560.66666667
186.88888889
35.46 0.00
Source
DF
Type III SS
Mean Square
F
Value Pr >
SOURCE
3
560.66666667
186.88888889
35.46 0.00
-------
T«bl* H- 3(Contlnu«d)
cast
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparametric Approach
ANALYTE-ARSENIC —
General Linear Models Procedure
Duncan's Multiple Range Test for variable: RCONC
NOTE: This test controls the type I comparisonvise error rate, not
the experimentvise error rate
Alpha- 0*05 df« 16 MSE- 5.270833
WARNING: Cell sizes aire not equal.
Haraonic Mean of cell sizes- 3.934426
Nuaber of Means 2 3 4
Critical Range 3.464 3.615 3.753
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
Duncan Grouping
A
1
• C
c
c
Mean
N
SOURCE
18.500
4
AMOCO2
11.500
10
AMOCO 1
3.333
3
EPA
3.167
3
EXXON
H-8
-------
Table H- 3(Contlnu«d)
bdat
Comparison of >5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparanetric Approach
ANALYTE-CHROMIUM
General Linear Models Procedure
Class Level Information
Class Levels Values
SOURCE 5 AMOCO1 AM0C02 BP EPA EXXON
Number of observations^in by group » 45
NOTE: Due to missing values, only 22 observations can b« used in this analyi
-------
Tabta H-3 Continued)
btfat
comparison of 5 Treataafits by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparaaetric Approach
ANALYTE-CHROMIUM
General Linear Models Procedure
Dependent Variable: RCONC
Source DF
RANK FOR VARIABLE C0N2
Sua of Mean
Squares Square
Model
Error
Corrected Total
4
17
21
R-Square
0.77057*
674.25694444
200.74305556^
875.00000000
C.V.
29.88120
168.56423611
11.80841503
Root USE
3.4363374
F Value
14.27
•Mr
Pr >
o.ooc
RCONC Mea
11.5000000
Source
SOURCE
Source
SOURCE
DF Type I SS ,
4 674.25694444
DF Type III SS
4 674.25694444
Mean Square F value Pr >
168.56423611 14.27 0.000
Mean Square F Value Pr >
168.56423611 14.27 0.000
H-10
-------
T«bl« H-3 Continued)
bdat
Conparison of 5 Tre&taents by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparaaetric Approach
ANALYTE-CKROMUJM
General Linear Models Procedure
Duncan's Multiple Range Test for variable: RCOHC
NOTE: This test controls the type I coaparisomrise error rate, not
the experiaentvise error rate
Alpha- 0.05 df» 17 MSI- 11.80842
WARNING: Cell sizes are not equal.
Harmonic Mean of cell sizes* 3.461538
Number of Means 2 3 4 5
Critical Range 5.502 5.775 5.963 6.069
Means with the sane letter are not significantly different.
Duncan Grouping
A
B
B
B
C
c
c
Mean
N
SOURCE
21.000
3
EPA
13.278
9
AMOCO1
12.125
4
AM0C02
5.000
2
EXXON
3.000
4
BP
*
<
H-ll
-------
"V-fi.% Tabl« H' 3(Continu«d)
bdat
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparametric Approach
... ANALYTE-NICKEL
General Linear Mod*Is Procedure
Class Level Information
Class Levels Values
SOURCE 5 AMOCOl AM0C02 BP EPA EXXON
Number of observationsvin by group ¦ 55
W .
NOTE: Due to missing values, only 25 observations can be used in this analy
C
*
(
H-12
-------
Tabl*H-3(Cont]nued)
bdat
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyst* Using ANOVA
Nonparametric Approach
General Linear Models
Procedure
Dependent Variable: RCONC
Source DF
RANK FOR VARIABLE
Sua of
Squares
C0N2
Mean
Square
F
Value Pr :
Model 4
893.10606061
223.27651515
11.14 0.0i
Error 20
400.8939393$
20.04469697
Corrected Total 24
1294.00000000
M
R-Square
C.V.
Root MSE
RCONC M<
0.690190
34.43946
4.4771304
13.00000<
Source OF
Type I SS
Mean Square
F
Value Pr :
SOURCE - 4
893.10606061
223.27651515
11.14 0.0<
Source DF
Type III SS
Mean Square
F
Value Pr :
SOURCE 4
893.10606061
223.27651515
11.14 0.0<
H-13
-------
Tabl* H- 3(Continu«d)
odat
Comparison of 5 Treatments by Analyte Using ANOVA
Nonparaaetric Approach
— ANALYTE-NICKEL
Duncan's Multiple Range Test for variable: RCQNC
MOTE: This test controls the type I comparisonvise error rate, noi
the experiuentvise error rate
Means—uxtlt- the same letter are not significantly different.
General Linear Models Procedure
Alpha- 0.05 df- 20 MSE- 20.0447
WARNING: Cell sizes are not equal.
Harmonic Mean of cell sizes® 3.975904
Number of Means 2 3 4 5
Critical Range 6.615 6.947 7.176 7.310
M
Duncan Grouping
Mean
N SOURCE
A
A
A
A
A
20.333
14.545
18.750
11 AM0C01
4 AMOCO2
3 EXXON
B
B
B
2.000
5.150
4 IP
3 EPA
H-14
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Appendix I
Determination of Variability Factors
for Organics in Wastewaters
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Appendix I
Determination of Variability Factors for Organics in Was. iters
Table
Description
1-1
Variability factor calculation for volatile organics
1-2
Variability factor calculation or semivolatile orgarucs
NRJ 'VW-049
1009-Clb.nn
1-1
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Variability Factors for Orgamcs in Wastewaters
A variability factor (VF) accounts for the variability' inherent in the
treatment system performance, treatment residual collection, and analysis of the treated
waste samples. Variability factor are calculated as described in EPA's Methodology for
Developing BDAT Treatment Standards (2).
Due to the nature of the data gathered from the various data sources
presented in this document, variability factors for most of the regulated constituents in
F037 and F038 are not calculated as described in Reference 2. In many cases original
effluent data points were not available. For example, WERL effluent data were
presented as averages in the WERL database and therefore, it was not possible to
calculate an individual variability factor for these constituents, since actual effluent data
points were unavailable.
The variability factor calculated during the ITD regulation effort was used
for those constituents for which a treatment standard was based on an ITD effluent
limitation (i.e., selected volatiles and semivolatiles).
For constituents where a variability factor was unknown or could not be
calculated, an average variability factor was used. The average variability factors were
generated from the HD variability factors and are specific to the type of constituent
under consideration (i.e., volatile organic, acid extractable semivolatile organic, etc.).
Hie average variability factor for volatile organics is the average of the sum of variability
/
y *
factors from DTD data, as shown in Table 1-1. The average variability factor for
semivolatile organics are averages of the sum of variability factors for semivolatile •
organic constituents fromJTD data, as shown in Table 1-2. Determination of these
average variability factors is similar to the procedure used by EPA in previous BDAT
land disposal rule in the past to determine average accuracy correction factors.
NRJ/NW-OM
1009-Clo nr;
1-2
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Table I-i
VOLATILE yiMASitm FACTOR OLCUU.riOl
VOUIILK tTD ViRIABILITT
PACTOi
Acrylonitrile 4.13045
Benzene 13.5252
CMoroethane 5.34108
CMorofori 3.71334
CMoroaetSifle 3.79125
1.1-0 jdtiloroe til ajie 5.88383
1.2-DicftloroetlUM 8.22387
1,l-Dicfalorpetbeiw 2.4723
IraCB-l,2-Dlchl9ro«tl»fle ' 5.34808
Jtethylene Chloride 3.86915
Tetxicfcloroethyleoe 5.34801
tolueoe 7,9506
1,1,l-fr;chloroftBane 5.34808
14,2-ltiduoroetMne 5.34808
IpcUoroetlwIeM
Vinyl Chloride
5.34808
5.34808
AvOAGE « 5.7310
VOLUILES 7t = 5.7310
1-3
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Table 1-2
sarounii -;mmuv, ?>.croi OLemnof
vourilis "rroviiraHin
FACTO!
ACE) RCTUIS
3.2565
11.5417
2,4-Disitropbenol 2.45142
4-ifitroptenoi mm
Pbenol ^ 2.49705
A.TSAGE = 4.4463
ACID IKTUL SBITOLiTILeS VP = 4.4463
BASE IKTSALS
Acenapbtlsalene 5.89125
AceMpEtheM 5.39125
Aourlceoe 5.89125
Beoio u) antHricwt 5.19125
Benro (a wreae _ 5.19125
B^nio ?kj nuoruitbew 5.89125
Bi8(2-«tDylberyl) pbthalate 5.91768
qir/seue r 5.89125
4.75961
.# 4.63133
jtyl pfittolate 3.23761
Fluoruiticfle 5.89125
Fluorene 5.89125
MapfctEIeoe 5.89125
VitrolKiiiene 4.83045
Pbeflaouraw 5.89125
Pyre* 5.89125
A'.TSAGi » 5.5340
BASS I1CT11L SUTJOLATILES 'If = 5.5340
1-4
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