The
EPA Automotive
Trends Report:	
Greenhouse Gas Emissions,
Fuel Economy, and
Technology since 1975
United States
Environmental Protection
^*^1	Agency
EPA-420-R-19-002 March 2019

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NOTICE: This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions,
positions, or approval or validation of compliance data reported to EPA by
manufacturers. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available and that may be subject to change. The purpose of
the release of such reports is to facilitate the exchange of technical information
and to inform the public of technical developments.

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Table off Contents
1.	Introduction	1
A.	What's New This Year	1
B.	Manufacturers in this Report	2
C.	Fuel Economy and C02 Metrics in this Report	3
2.	Fleetwide Trends Overview	5
A.	Overall Fuel Economy and C02 Trends	5
B.	Manufacturer Fuel Economy and C02 Emissions	8
3.	Vehicle Attributes	13
A.	Vehicle Class and Type	13
B.	Vehicle Weight	18
C.	Vehicle Power	22
D.	Vehicle Footprint	27
E.	Summary	30
4.	Vehicle Technology	37
A.	Engines	39
B.	Transmission and Drive Types	59
C.	Technology Adoption	65
5.	Manufacturer GHG Compliance	75
A.	Footprint-Based C02 Standards	78
B.	Model Year Performance	81
C.	End of Year Credit Balance	107
D.	Compliance Status After the 2017 Model Year	119
Appendices: Methods and Additional Data
A.	Sources of Input Data
B.	Harmonic Averaging of Fuel Economy Values
C.	Fuel Economy and C02 Metrics
D.	Historical Changes in the Database and Methodology
E.	Electric Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Metrics
F.	Authors and Acknowledgments
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List of Figures
Figure 2.1. Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 Emissions	5
Figure 2.2. Trends in Fuel Economy and C02 Emissions Since Model Year 1975	6
Figure 2.3. Distribution of New Vehicle C02 Emissions by Model Year	7
Figure 2.4. Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 in Model Year
2012 and 2017	9
Figure 3.1. Regulatory Classes and Vehicle Types Used in This Report	14
Figure 3.2. Production Share and Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy	15
Figure 3.3. Vehicle Type Distribution by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017	16
Figure 3.4. Car-Truck Classification of SUVs with Inertia Weights of 4000 Pounds or Less	17
Figure 3.5. Average New Vehicle Weight by Vehicle Type	19
Figure 3.6. Inertia Weight Class Distribution by Model Year	20
Figure 3.7. Relationship of Inertia Weight and C02 Emissions	21
Figure 3.8. Average New Vehicle Horsepower by Vehicle Type	23
Figure 3.9. Horsepower Distribution by Model Year	24
Figure 3.10. Relationship of Horsepower and C02 Emissions	25
Figure 3.11. Calculated 0-to-60 Time by Vehicle Type	26
Figure 3.12. Footprint by Vehicle Type for Model Year 2008-2018	28
Figure 3.13. Footprint Distribution by Model Year	28
Figure 3.14. Relationship of Footprint and C02 Emissions	29
Figure 3.15. Relative Change in Fuel Economy, Weight, and Horsepower, since Model Year 1975	30
Figure 4.1. Vehicle Energy Flow	37
Figure 4.2. Manufacturer Use of Emerging Technologies for Model Year 2018	38
Figure 4.3. Production Share by Engine Technology	40
Figure 4.4. Gasoline Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders	42
Figure 4.5. Percent Change for Specific Gasoline Engine Metrics	44
Figure 4.6. Engine Metrics for Different Gasoline Technology Packages	46
Figure 4.7. Gasoline Turbo Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type	48
Figure 4.8. Gasoline Turbo Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders	48
Figure 4.9. Distribution of Gasoline Turbo Vehicles by Displacement and Horsepower,
Model Year 2011, 2014, and 2017	49
Figure 4.10. Gasoline Hybrid Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type	51
Figure 4.11. Gasoline Hybrid Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders	51
Figure 4.12. Hybrid Real-World Fuel Economy Distribution, Cars Only	52
Figure 4.13. Production Share of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs, Model Year 1995-2017	54
Figure 4.14. Charge Depleting Range and Fuel Economy Trends for EVs and PHEVs	55
Figure 4.15. Diesel Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type	57
Figure 4.16. Diesel Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders	57
Figure 4.17. Percent Change for Specific Diesel Engine Metrics	58
Figure 4.18. Transmission Production Share	60

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Figure 4.19. Average Number of Transmission Gears for New Vehicles	62
Figure 4.20. Comparison of Manual and Automatic Transmission Real-World Fuel Economy for
Comparable Vehicles	63
Figure 4.21. Front-, Rear-, and Four-Wheel Drive Production Share	64
Figure 4.22. Industry-Wide Car Technology Penetration after First Significant Use	66
Figure 4.23. Manufacturer Specific Technology Adoption over Time for Key Technologies	68
Figure 4.24. WT Adoption Details by Manufacturer	70
Figure 4.25. Five-Year Change in Light Duty Vehicle Technology Production Share	71
Figure 5.1. GHG Program Compliance Process	76
Figure 5.2. 2012-2017 Model Year C02 Footprint Target Curves	79
Figure 5.3. Changes in "2-Cycle" Tailpipe C02 Emissions, Model Year 2012 to 2017 (g/mi)	82
Figure 5.4. Model Year 2017 Production of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs	84
Figure 5.5. Model Year 2017 Advanced Technology Credits by Manufacturer	86
Figure 5.6. Production of FFVs, Model Year 2012-2017	88
Figure 5.7. FFV Credits by Model Year	88
Figure 5.8. HFO-1234yf Adoption by Manufacturer	90
Figure 5.9. Fleetwide A/C Credits by Credit Type	92
Figure 5.10. Total A/C Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017	93
Figure 5.11. Off-Cycle Menu Technology Adoption by Manufacturer	95
Figure 5.12. Total Off-Cycle Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017	102
Figure 5.13. Early Credits Reported and Expired by Manufacturer	109
Figure 5.14. Performance and Standards by Manufacturer, 2017 Model Year	111
Figure 5.15. Total Credits Transactions Through Model Year 2017	115
Figure 5.16. Manufacturer Credit Balance After Model Year 2017	119
Figure 5.17. Industry Performance and Standards, Credit Generation and Use	121

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List of Tables
Table 1.1. Manufacturer Definitions	2
Table 1.2. Fuel Economy and C02 Metrics Used in this Report	4
Table 2.1. Estimated Real-World C02, Fuel Economy and Key Parameters	11
Table 2.2. Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 Emissions for Model Year
2016-2018	12
Table 3.1. Vehicle Attributes by Model Year	32
Table 3.2. Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 by Vehicle Type	33
Table 3.3. Model Year 2017 Vehicle Attributes by Manufacturer	34
Table 3.4. Model Year 2017 Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 by Manufacturer and
Vehicle Type	35
Table 3.5. Footprint by Manufacturer for Model Year 2016-2018 (ft2)	36
Table 4.1. Production Share by Engine Technologies	72
Table 4.2. Production Share by Transmission Technologies	73
Table 4.3. Production Share by Drive Technology	74
Table 5.1. Manufacturer Footprint and Standards for Model Year 2017	80
Table 5.2. Production Multipliers by Model Year	84
Table 5.3. Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from the Menu, by Manufacturer and
Technology (g/mi)	99
Table 5.4. Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from an Alternative Methodology, by
Manufacturer and Technology (g/mi)	101
Table 5.5. Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, All (g/mi)	104
Table 5.6. Industry Performance by Model Year, All (g/mi)	104
Table 5.7. Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Car (g/mi)	105
Table 5.8. Industry Performance by Model Year, Car (g/mi)	105
Table 5.9. Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Truck (g/mi)	106
Table 5.10. Industry Performance by Model Year, Truck (g/mi)	106
Table 5.11. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, All	112
Table 5.12. Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, All	112
Table 5.13. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Car	113
Table 5.14. Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Car	113
Table 5.15. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Truck	114
Table 5.16. Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Truck	114
Table 5.17. Final Credit Balance by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017 (Mg)	117
Table 5.18. Distribution of Credits by Expiration Date (Mg)	118
iv

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1. Introduction
This new annual report is part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)
commitment to provide the public with information about new light-duty vehicle
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fuel economy, technology data, and auto manufacturers'
performance in meeting the agency's GHG emissions standards.
EPA has collected data on every new light-duty vehicle model sold in the United States
since 1975, either from testing performed by EPA at the National Vehicle Fuel and
Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan, or directly from manufacturers using official
EPA test procedures. These data are collected to support several important national
programs, including EPA criteria pollutant and GHG standards, the U.S. Department of
Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Corporate
Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, and vehicle Fuel Economy and Environment
labels. These data comprise the most comprehensive database of its kind. The analysis and
data drawn from this extensive resource are presented here to provide as much
information to the public as possible.
A. What's New This Year
•	This report includes content previously included in two separate EPA reports, the
Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends
Report and the Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards for Light-Duty Vehicles Manufacturer
Performance Report. These reports were combined to provide a more comprehensive
analysis in a single resource.
•	The website for this report has been expanded with an emphasis on allowing users to
access and evaluate more of the data behind this report. We encourage readers to
visit our website at https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends and explore the data. EPA
plans to continue to add content and tools on the web to allow transparent access to
public data.
•	In 2016, Nissan purchased a controlling share of Mitsubishi. Based on this change,
NHTSA took initial action requiring Nissan and Mitsubishi to be combined into a single
corporate entity for compliance under the CAFE program (which EPA would follow for
the GHG program). Consequently, all Nissan and Mitsubishi data are combined in this
report as "Nissan-Mitsubishi," except where necessary to maintain the integrity of
historical compliance data. However, this process is not yet complete. If, in fact,
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Nissan and Mitsubishi are treated differently for compliance in the 2017 model year,
EPA will revise this report to reflect that policy.
The overall long-term trends in the light-duty automotive industry since 1975 are explored
in Section 2. Section 3 focuses on trends in vehicle parameters such as vehicle type, weight,
horsepower, acceleration, and footprint. Section 4 examines industry trends by engine and
transmission technologies. The status of manufacturer compliance with the GHG standards
is now included in Section 5. Additional data and methodology discussions are included in
the appendices. This report supersedes all previous reports and should not be compared
to past reports.
B. Manufacturers in this Report
The underlying data for this report include every new light-duty vehicle offered for sale in
the United States. These data are presented by manufacturer throughout this report, using
the model year 2017 manufacturer definitions determined by EPA and NHTSA for
implementation of the GHG emission standards and CAFE program. For simplicity, many
tables throughout the report show only the 13 manufacturers that produced at least
150,000 vehicles in the 2017 model year. These manufacturers account for approximately
98% of all production. Table 1.1 lists the 13 manufacturers and their associated makes,
along with an "other" category that captures the remaining manufacturers.
Table 1.1. Manufacturer Definitions
Manufacturer	Makes in the U.S. Market
BMW	BMW, Mini, Rolls Royce
FCA	Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Dodge, Fiat, Jeep, Maserati, Ram
Ford	Ford, Lincoln, Roush, Shelby
GM	Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC
Honda	Acura, Honda
Hyundai	Genesis, Hyundai
Kia	Kia
Mazda	Mazda
Mercedes	Maybach, Mercedes, Smart
Nissan-Mitsubishi	Infiniti, Mitsubishi, Nissan
Subaru	Subaru
Toyota	Lexus, Scion, Toyota
Volkswagen Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Porsche, Volkswagen
Other1 Aston Martin, BYD, Ferrari, Jaguar, Land Rover, Lotus, McLaren, Tesla, Volvo
1 Only vehicle brands produced in model year 2017 are shown. There are many other manufacturers and
brands captured in the "other" category over the course of this report.
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When a manufacturer grouping changes under the GHG and CAFE programs, EPA makes
the same change in this report. For the analysis of estimated real-word CO2 emission and
fuel economy trends in Sections 1 through 4, EPA applies the current manufacturer
definitions to all prior model years. This maintains consistent manufacturer and make
definitions over time, which enables better identification of long-term trends. However, the
compliance data that are discussed in Section 5 of this report maintain the previous
manufacturer definitions where necessary to preserve the integrity of compliance data as
accrued.
C. Fuel Economy and CO2 Metrics in this Report
This report presents current and historic data that provide a comprehensive overview of
the automotive industry. The report does not examine future model years, and past
performance does not necessarily predict future industry trends. All data for model years
1975 through 2017 are final and based on official data submitted to EPA and NHTSA as
part of the regulatory process. In some cases (not for manufacturer compliance), this
report will show data for model year 2018, which are preliminary and based on data
provided to EPA by automakers prior to the model year. All data in this report are based on
production volumes delivered for sale in the U.S. by model year (MY). The model year
production volumes may vary from other publicized data based on calendar year sales.
The CO2 emissions and fuel economy data in this report fall into one of two categories
based on the purpose of the data, and the subsequent required emissions test procedures.
The first category is compliance data, which is measured using laboratory tests required
by law for demonstrating compliance with CAFE. For consistency, EPA also adopted these
tests for the GHG regulations. Compliance data are measured using EPA city and highway
test procedures (the "2-cycle" tests), and fleetwide averages are calculated by weighting the
city and highway test results by 55% and 45%, respectively. These procedures are required
for compliance; however, they no longer accurately reflect real world driving. Compliance
data may also encompass credits and other flexibilities that manufacturers can use
towards meeting their emissions standards.
The second category is estimated real-world (previously called "adjusted") data, which is
measured using additional laboratory tests to capture a wider range of operating
conditions (including hot/cold weather and higher acceleration) that an average driver will
encounter. This expanded set of tests is referred to as "5-cycle" testing. City and highway
results are weighted 43% city and 57% highway, consistent with fleetwide driver activity
data. The city and highway values are the same values found on new vehicle fuel economy

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labels, however the label combined value is weighted 55% city and 45% highway. Unlike
compliance data, the method for calculating real-world data has evolved over time, along
with technology and driving habits.
Table 1.2. Fuel Economy and CQz Metrics Used in this Report
C02 and Fuel Economy
Data Category
Compliance
Estimated Real-World
("adjusted" in previous
reports)
Purpose
Basis for manufacturer
compliance with standards
Best estimate of real-world
performance
Current
City/Highway
Weighting
55% / 45%
43% / 57%
Current Test
Basis
2-cycle
5-cycle
This report will show estimated real-world data except for the discussion specific to the
GHG regulations in Section 5 and Executive Summary Figures ES-6 through ES-8. The
compliance CO2 data must not be compared to the real-world C02data presented
elsewhere in this report. Appendices C and D present a more detailed discussion of the fuel
economy and CO2 data used in this report.
This report does not provide data about NHTSA's CAFE program. For more information
about CAFE and manufacturer compliance with the CAFE fuel economy standards, see the
CAFE Public Information Center, which can be accessed at
https://one.nhtsa.gov/cafe pic/CAFE PIC Home.htm.

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2. Fleetwide Trends Overview
The automotive industry has made strong progress towards lower tailpipe CO2 emissions
and higher fuel economy in recent years. This section provides an update on the estimated
real-world tailpipe CO2 emissions and fuel economy for the overall fleet, and for
manufacturers based on final model year 2017 data. The unique, historical data on which
this report is based also provide an important backdrop for evaluating the more recent
performance of the industry. Using that data, this section will also explore basic fleetwide
trends in the automotive industry since EPA began collecting data in model year 1975.
24.9 MPG
MY 2017
A. Overall Fuel Economy and CO2 Trends
In model year 2017, the industry
achieved record low new vehicle CO2
emissions and record high fuel
economy, as shown in Figure 2.1.
Average estimated real-world CO2
tailpipe emissions fell by 3 g/mi to 357
g/mi, while estimated real-world fuel
economy increased 0.2 mpg to 24.9
mpg compared to the previous year.2
Over the last thirteen years, CO2
emissions and fuel economy have
improved eleven times and worsened
twice.
The preliminary average estimated
real-world fuel economy of all new
model year 2018 vehicles is projected
to increase again, to 25.4 mpg with
corresponding average CO2 emissions
of 348 g/mi. If achieved, these values
will be record levels and an
improvement over model year 2017.
Figure 2.1. Estimated Real-World Fuel
Economy and CO2 Emissions
25.0
22.5 -
12.5
700
600
500
400
1995
2005
2015
Model Year
2 EPA uses unrounded values to calculate all values in the text, figures, and tables in this report. This approach
results in the most accurate data but may lead to small apparent discrepancies due to rounding. However, the
data are in fact correct.
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The preliminary model year 2018 data are based on production estimates provided to EPA
by manufacturers months before the vehicles go on sale. The data are a useful indicator,
however there is always uncertainty associated with such projections, and we caution the
reader against focusing only on these data.
While the most recent annual changes often receive the most public attention, the greatest
value of the Trends database is to document long-term trends. The magnitude of changes
in annual CO2 emissions and fuel economy tend to be small relative to longer, multi-year
trends. Figure 2.2 shows fleetwide estimated real-world CO2 emissions and fuel economy
for model years 1975-2017. Over this timeframe there have been three basic phases: 1) a
rapid improvement of fuel economy between 1975 and 1987, 2) a period of slowly
decreasing fuel economy through 2004, and 3) increasing fuel economy through the
current model year. Vehicle CO2 emissions, which are generally inversely related to fuel
economy,3 have followed the opposite pattern over the same timeframe.
Figure 2.2. Trends in Fuel Economy and CO2 Emissions Since Model Year 1975
Model
Year
1975-1987
1987-2004
2004-2017
Real-World Fuel Economy
(MPG)
68% •
MPG Increase
12% W
MPG Decrease
29% V
MPG Increase'
24.9 MPG
MY 2017
Real-World C02 Emissions
(g/mi)
41%
CO, Decrease
14% V
C02 Increase
23% ^
C02 Decrease
357 g/mi
MY 2017
3 Fuel economy and CO2 emissions are inversely related for gasoline and diesel vehicles, but not for electric
vehicles (which have zero tailpipe emissions). If electric vehicles begin to capture a larger market share, the
overall relationship between fuel economy and tailpipe CO2 emissions will change.
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Another way to look at CO2 emissions over time is to examine how the distribution has
changed. Figure 2.3 shows the production-weighted distribution of estimated real-world
CO2 emissions by model year. Since 1975, half of the total vehicle production for each
model year has been within a narrow band of about 120 g/mi, or less than 10 miles per
gallon. For model year 2018, that band, encompassing more than 50% of all production,
spans from about 300-415 g/mi or 20-30 miles per gallon. The lowest C02-emitting vehicles
have all been hybrids or electric vehicles since the first hybrid was introduced in model
year 2000.
Figure 2.3. Distribution of New Vehicle CO2 Emissions by Model Year4
F 1000-
E
O)
O
O
T3
(0
(D
0d
500-
Worst Vehic e
Worst 5%
50% of Vehic es
Best 5%
Best Vehic e
Bottom
25%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
It is important to note that the methodology used in this report for calculating estimated
real-world fuel economy and CO2 emission values has changed over time. For example, the
estimated real-world fuel economy for a 1980s vehicle in the Trends database is somewhat
higher than it would be if the same vehicle were being produced today as the methodology
for calculating these values has changed over time to reflect estimated real-world vehicle
operation. These changes are small for most vehicles, but larger for very high fuel economy
4 Electric vehicles prior to 2011 are not included in this figure due to limited data. However, those vehicles were
available in small numbers only.
7

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vehicles. See Appendix C and D for a detailed explanation of fuel economy metrics and
their changes over time.
To explore this data in more depth, please see the report website at
https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends
B. Manufacturer Fuel Economy and CO2
Emissions
Along with the overall industry, most manufacturers have significantly improved new
vehicle CO2 emissions and fuel economy in recent years. Figure 2.4 shows the change in
fuel economy and CO2 emissions from model year 2012 to model year 2017 for the
thirteen largest manufacturers. This five-year span covers the model years for which the
combined EPA GHG and NHTSA CAFE regulations have been in place. It also approximately
represents a redesign cycle, or the amount of time before a vehicle is significantly updated,
so it is likely that most vehicles have undergone design changes in this period.
Of these thirteen manufacturers, all except for Toyota improved CO2 emissions and fuel
economy. Subaru had the largest decrease in CO2 emissions during this period, reducing
emissions by 43 g/mi. Mercedes had the next largest reduction at 42 g/mi, followed by
Nissan-Mitsubishi at 40 g/mi. Subaru also had the largest improvement in fuel economy at
3.5 mpg, followed by Honda at 3.1 mpg and Nissan-Mitsubishi at 2.9 mpg. Overall, the
industry improved CO2 emissions by 21 g/mi (about 5%) and fuel economy by 1.3 mpg
(about 6%) between model year 2012 and 2017.
In model year 2017, Honda led the industry overall with the lowest average new vehicle
CO2 emissions and highest fuel economy. Honda also improved more than any other
manufacturer in model year 2017, decreasing new vehicle CO2 emissions by 13 g/mi to 302
g/mi, and increasing fuel economy by 1.2 mpg to 29.4 mpg. Mazda and Hyundai had the
second and third lowest CO2 emissions, respectively. FCA had the highest new vehicle
average CO2 emissions and lowest fuel economy of the large manufacturers, followed by
GM and Ford.
Seven of the thirteen manufacturers increased fuel economy and decreased CO2 between
model year 2016 and 2017. The preliminary model year 2018 data project a similar trend,
with seven of thirteen manufacturers improving. The manufacturer-specific data for the
last three model years are shown in Table 2.2.
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Figure 2.4. Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 in Model Year 2012 and 2017
Honda
Mazda
Hyundai
Subaru
Kia
Nissan-
Mitsubishi
VW
BMW
Toyota
Mercedes
Ford
GM
FCA
All Manufacturers
Fuel Economy (MPG), 2012 - 2017


















28.0
->28.6



25.0



26.2->27
.2
.1


24
0




2f
.8 ->26.5


23.5




25.3
¦3 -1
<25.5





OO
I
9
3




21.7—>2^
—>>21.2



20.1










23.6


24.9








~i	n—	1	r
20	24	28	32
C02 Emissions (g/mi), 2012 - 2017
302
30












>11<317







355




fAZ %
327<—33<







7



335 <—
¦3
OO
C'l
1



O I




349->3
51
38
3
3










38 <392








UU
t IU







357

377













300	350	400	450
9

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While each manufacturer has taken a different path towards improving CO2 emissions and
fuel economy, the overall result has driven the improving industry-wide trend since model
year 2005. The vehicle attributes and technologies that have led to this improvement are
further analyzed in the next two sections of this report, respectively.
The Department of Justice and EPA have reached settlements with Volkswagen and Fiat Chrysler
Automobiles based on the sale of certain diesel vehicles equipped with devices to defeat the
vehicles' emission control systems. This report includes the original fuel economy and GHG
certification values of these vehicles, as EPA believes this is a reasonable representation of how
these vehicles were expected to perform. The affected vehicles are certain model year 2009 to
2016 diesel vehicles from Volkswagen and 2014 to 2016 diesel vehicles from Fiat Chrysler
Automobiles, and account for less than 1% of production in all affected years. For more
information about these investigations, please see https://www.epa.gov/vw or
https://www. epa.gov/fca.
10

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Table 2.1. Estimated Real-World CO2, Fuel Economy and Key Parameters


Real-
Real-
Mfr. with
Mfr. with
Overall Vehicle with

Gasoline (Non-Hybrid) Vehicle

Produc-
World
World
Highest Fuel
Lowest Fuel
Highest Fuel Economy5

with Highest Fuel Economy

tion
C02
FE
Economy
Economy

Real-World
Engine

Real-World
Model Year
(000)
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(mpg)
(mpg)
Vehicle
FE (mpg)
Type
Gasoline Vehicle
FE (mpg)
1975
10,224
681
13.1
Honda
Ford
Honda Civic
28.3
Gas
Honda Civic
28.3
1980
11,306
466
19.2
VW
Ford
VW Rabbit
40.3
Diesel
Nissan 210
36.1
1985
14,460
417
21.3
Honda
Mercedes
GM Sprint
49.6
Gas
GM Sprint
49.6
1990
12,615
420
21.2
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Metro
53.4
Gas
GM Metro
53.4
1995
15,145
434
20.5
Honda
FCA
Honda Civic
47.3
Gas
Honda Civic
47.3
2000
16,571
450
19.8
Hyundai
FCA
Honda Insight
57.4
Hybrid
GM Metro
39.4
2001
15,605
453
19.6
Hyundai
FCA
Honda Insight
56.3
Hybrid
Honda Civic
37.3
2002
16,115
457
19.5
Honda
FCA
Honda Insight
55.6
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.9
2003
15,773
454
19.6
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
55.0
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.5
2004
15,709
461
19.3
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.5
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.3
2005
15,892
447
19.9
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.3
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.1
2006
15,104
442
20.1
Mazda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.0
Hybrid
Toyota Corolla
32.3
2007
15,276
431
20.6
Toyota
Mercedes
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Toyota Yaris
32.6
2008
13,898
424
21.0
Hyundai
Mercedes
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Smart Fortwo
37.1
2009
9,316
397
22.4
Toyota
FCA
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Smart Fortwo
37.1
2010
11,116
394
22.6
Hyundai
Mercedes
Honda FCX
60.2
FCV
Smart Fortwo
36.8
2011
12,018
399
22.3
Hyundai
Mercedes
BMW Active E
100.6
EV
Smart Fortwo
35.7
2012
13,449
377
23.6
Hyundai
FCA
Nissan i-MiEV
109.0
EV
Toyota iQ
36.8
2013
15,198
368
24.2
Hyundai
FCA
Toyota IQ
117.0
EV
Toyota iQ
36.8
2014
15,512
369
24.1
Mazda
FCA
BMW 13
121.3
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
39.5
2015
16,739
361
24.6
Mazda
FCA
BMW 14
121.3
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
39.5
2016
16,267
359
24.7
Mazda
FCA
BMW 15
121.3
EV
Mazda Mazda 2
37.1
2017
17,011
357
24.9
Honda
FCA
Hyundai loniq
132.6
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
41.5
2018 (prelim)
-
348
25.4
Honda
FCA
Hyundai loniq
132.6
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
40.1
5 Vehicles are shown based on estimated real-world fuel economy as calculated for this report. These values will differ from values found on the fuel
economy labels at the time of sale. For more information on fuel economy metrics see Appendix C.
11

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Table 2.2, Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 Emissions for Model Ytw 2016-2018
MY 2016 Final	MY 2017 Final	MY2018 Preliminary




FE Change

C02 Change



Real-World
Real-World
Real-
from
Real-World
from
Real-World
Real-World

FE
C02
World FE
MY 2016
C02
MY 2016
FE
C02
Manufacturer
(mpg)
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(mpg)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(g/mi)
BMW
25.5
349
25.9
0.4
341
-7
26.2
336
FCA
21.5
413
21.2
-0.4
420
7
21.9
406
Ford
22.8
389
22.9
0.0
388
-1
22.7
392
GM
22.4
397
22.9
0.5
388
-8
23.3
380
Honda
28.2
315
29.4
1.2
302
-13
29.5
300
Hyundai
28.8
309
28.6
-0.2
311
2
27.9
318
Kia
26.2
338
27.2
0.9
327
-11
27.7
319
Mazda
29.6
301
29.0
-0.5
306
5
28.7
312
Mercedes
23.7
376
23.1
-0.6
385
9
23.7
374
Nissan-Mitsubishi
27.8
318
27.1
-0.7
327
9
26.8
329
Subaru
28.1
317
28.5
0.4
312
-5
28.4
313
Toyota
25.0
355
25.3
0.3
351
-4
26.0
341
VW
26.6
334
26.5
-0.2
335
2
25.1
353
All Manufacturers
24.7
359
24.9
0.2
357
-3
25.4
348
12

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, Vehicle Attributes
Vehicle CO2 emissions and fuel economy are strongly influenced by vehicle design
parameters, including weight, power, acceleration, and size. In general, vehicles that are
larger, heavier, and more powerful typically have lower fuel economy and higher CO2
emissions than other comparable vehicles. This section focuses on several key vehicle
design attributes that impact CO2 emissions and fuel economy and evaluates the impact of
a changing automotive marketplace on overall fuel economy.
A. Vehicle Class and Type
Manufacturers offer a wide variety of light-duty vehicles in the United States. Under the
CAFE and GHG regulations, new vehicles are separated into two distinct regulatory classes,
cars and trucks, and each vehicle class has separate GHG and fuel economy standards.
Vehicles that weigh more than 6,000 pounds gross vehicle weight6 (GVW) or have four-
wheel drive and meet various off-road requirements, such as ground clearance, qualify as
trucks. Vehicles that do not meet these requirements are considered cars.
Pickup trucks, vans, and minivans are all considered trucks under the regulatory
definitions, while sedans, coupes, and wagons are generally classified as cars. Sport utility
vehicles (SUVs) however, fall into both categories. Based on the CAFE and GHG regulatory
definitions, all two-wheel drive SUVs under 6,000 pounds GVW are classified as cars, while
most SUVs that have four-wheel drive or are above 6,000 pounds GVW are considered
trucks. SUV models that are less than 6,000 pounds GVW can have both car and truck
variants, with two-wheel drive versions classified as cars and four-wheel drive versions
classified as trucks.
As the fleet has changed over time, the line drawn between car and truck classes has also
evolved. This report uses the current regulatory car and truck definitions, and these
changes have been propagated back throughout the historical data.
This report further separates the car and truck regulatory classes into five vehicle type
categories based on their body style classifications under the fuel economy labeling
program. The regulatory car class is divided into two vehicle types: sedan/wagon and car
SUV. The sedan/wagon vehicle type includes minicompact, subcompact, compact, midsize,
large, and two-seater cars, hatchbacks, and station wagons. Vehicles that are SUVs under
6 Gross vehicle weight is the combined weight of the vehicle, passengers, and cargo of a fully loaded vehicle.
13

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the labeling program and cars under the CAFE and GHG regulations are classified as car
SUVs in this report. The truck class is divided into three vehicle types, including pickup,
minivan/van, and truck SUV. Vehicles that are SUVs under the labeling program and trucks
under the CAFE and GHG regulations are classified as truck SUVs.
Figure 3.1 shows the two regulatory classes and five vehicle types used in this report. The
distinction between these five vehicle types is important because different vehicle types
have different design objectives, and different challenges and opportunities for improving
fuel economy and reducing CO2 emissions.
Figure 3.1. Regulatory Classes and Vehicle Types Used in This Report
Regulatory Class Vehicle Type
Sedan/
Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
Car
Light-Duty
Vehicles
Truck
Minivan/
Van
Pickup
14

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Fuel Economy and CO2 by Vehicle Type
The production volume of the different vehicle types has changed significantly over time.
Figure 3.2 shows the production shares of each of the five vehicle types for model years
1975-2017. In 1975, more than 80% of vehicles produced were sedans/wagons, with the
remaining 20% made up mostly of pickups and vans. Pickups have remained relatively
consistent over the timeframe of this report, and in model year 2017 represented 12% of
vehicle production. Minivan and van production peaked in model year 1995, making up
11% of the market, but they have since fallen out of favor (down to 4% of market share)
and are being replaced by SUVs. By model year 2017, truck SUVs reached a record high
32% of production and car SUVs remained at a record 12% of production. Sedans/wagons
captured only 41 % of the market, about half of the market share they held in model year
1975.
In model year 2017, 53% of the fleet are cars and 47% are trucks. This is a significant
change from 1975, when 81 % of all production was sedans/wagons. In Figure 3.2, the
dashed line between the car SUVs and truck SUVs shows the split in car and truck
regulatory class.
Figure 3.2. Production Share and Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy
100%
Sedan/
Wagon
Sedan/Wagon
^ / Truck SUV *	|
Truck
SUV
Minivan/
Van
Minivan/Van
Pickup
Pickup
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015	1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Model Year	Model Year
Figure 3.2 also shows estimated real-world fuel economy for each vehicle type since 1975.
Fuel economy has improved for each of the five vehicle types for several years, and all are
15

-------
at or near record fuel economy and CO2 emissions levels in model year 2017.
Sedans/wagons had the highest overall fuel economy, and the biggest year-over-year
improvement in model year 2017. With a 1 mpg increase, new sedans/wagons achieved
over 30 mpg for the first time in history, more than double the 13.5 mpg average in model
year 1975. The fuel economy of car SUVs remained at a record 26.2 mpg. Truck SUVs
increased 0.1 mpg to a record 22.4 mpg, minivans/vans increased 0.6 mpg to 22.2 mpg,
and pickups held constant near a record high at 18.9 mpg. In the preliminary model year
2018 data, all five vehicle types are expected to further improve fuel economy by 0.4 to 0.7
mpg.
Vehicle Type by Manufacturer
The model year 2017 production breakdown by vehicle type for each manufacturer is
shown in Figure 3.3. There are clear variations in production distribution by manufacturer.
Over 70% of VW's production was sedans/wagons, which is the highest of any
manufacturer. For other vehicle types, Hyundai had the highest percentage of car SUVs at
31%, Subaru had the highest percentage of truck SUVs at 73%, GM had the highest
percentage of pickups at 25%, and FCA had the highest percentage of minivan/vans at 17%.
Figure 3.3. Vehicle Type Distribution by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017
100%
Vehicle Type
Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
Minivan/Van
I Pickup
16

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A Closer Look at SUVs
SUV Classification
Over the last 30 years, the production share of SUVs in the United States has increased in all
but six years and now accounts for more than 40% of all vehicles produced (see Figure 3.2).
This includes both the car and truck SUV vehicle types.
Based on the regulatory definitions of cars and trucks, SUVs that are less than 6,000 pounds
GVW can be classified as either cars or trucks, depending on whether the vehicle has 2-wheel
drive or 4-wheel drive, and has offroad capabilities as defined by parameters such as ground
clearance and approach and departure angles. This definition can lead to similar vehicles
having different car or truck classifications, and different requirements under the GHG and
CAFE regulations. One particular trend of interest is the classification of SUVs as either car
SUVs or truck SUVs.
This report does not track GVW, but instead tracks weight using inertia weight classes, where
inertia weight is the weight of the empty vehicle, plus 300 pounds (see weight discussion on
the next page). Figure 3.4 shows the breakdown of SUVs into the car and truck categories over
time for vehicles with an inertia weight of 4,000 pounds or less. Vehicles in the 4,500-pound
inertia weight class and higher were excluded, as these vehicles generally exceed 6,000 pounds
GVW and are classified as trucks. The relative percentage of SUVs with an inertia weight of
4,000 pounds or less that meet the current regulatory truck definition has stayed relatively
constant over time, suggesting that there has not been a shift in vehicle design to make these
vehicles fall into the car or truck regulatory category.
Figure 3.4. Car-Truck Classification of SUVs with Inertia Weights of 4000 Pounds or Less
100%
£ 75%
CC
cn
c
o
-*—>
o
=3
"O
o
50%
25%
0%
Car SUV
Truck SUV
2000
2005
2010
Model Year
2015
17

-------
B. Vehicle Weight
Vehicle weight is a fundamental vehicle attribute, both because it can be related to utility
functions such as vehicle size and features, and because higher weight, other things being
equal, will increase CO2 emissions and decrease fuel economy. All Trends vehicle weight
data are based on inertia weight classes. Each inertia weight class represents a range of
loaded vehicle weights, or vehicle curb weights7 plus 300 pounds. Vehicle inertia weight
classes are in 250-pound increments for classes below 3,000 pounds, while inertia weight
classes over 3,000 pounds are divided into 500-pound increments.
Vehicle Weight by Vehicle Type
Figure 3.5 shows the average new vehicle weight from model year 1975 through 2018 for
all new vehicles by vehicle type. From model year 1975 to 1981, average vehicle weight
dropped 21 %, from nearly 4,060 pounds per vehicle to about 3,200 pounds; this was likely
driven by both increasing fuel economy standards (which, at the time, were universal
standards, and not based on any type of vehicle attribute) and higher gasoline prices.
From model year 1981 to model year 2004, the trend reversed, and average new vehicle
weight began to slowly but steadily climb. By model year 2004, average new vehicle weight
had increased 28% and reached a new high at 4,111 pounds per vehicle, in part because of
the increasing truck share. Since model year 2004, new vehicle weight has been relatively
flat, although a new high was briefly reached in model year 2011, at 4,126 pounds. Average
model year 2017 weight was 4,093, which is up 58 pounds from model year 2016. The
preliminary model year 2018 data suggest that weight will be up 1 pound, or essentially
unchanged.
In model year 1975, the average weight of each of the five vehicle types varied by only 215
pounds, or about 5% of the average new vehicle. However, by model year 2018 that range
is expected to be about 1,650 pounds, or 40% of the average new vehicle weight. In 1975
the average new sedan/wagon outweighed the average new pickup by about 45 pounds,
but by model year 2018 a new average pickup will outweigh the average new sedan/wagon
by about 1,650 pounds. The weight of an average new sedan/wagon has fallen 13% since
model year 1975, while the weight of an average new pickup has increased 29%. It is
interesting to note that the average new pickup truck weight fell by 320 pounds in model
7 Vehicle curb weight is the weight of an empty, unloaded vehicle.
18

-------
year 2015, which is the year the redesigned Ford F-150 changed to a largely aluminum
body to reduce weight.
Figure 3.5. Average New Vehicle Weight by Vehicle Type
Sedan/Wagon
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
ALL
1%
Since MY 1975
t
Truck SUV
5%
Since MY 1975
t















1

-13 % ~
Since MY 1975
Minivan/Van
~r
~r
~r















7°/
t

Since MY 1975
Car SUV
-6% ~
Since MY 1975
Pickup






























29% t




Since MY 1975
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Model Year
Figure 3.6 shows the annual production share of different inertia weight classes for new
vehicles since model year 1975. In model year 1975 there were significant sales in all the
weight classes from <2,750 pounds to 5,500 pounds. In the early 1980s the largest vehicles
disappeared from the market and light cars <2,750 pounds inertia weight briefly captured
more than 25% of the market. Since then, cars in the <2,750-pound inertia weight class
have all but disappeared, and the market has moved towards heavier vehicles.
Interestingly, the heaviest vehicles in model year 1975 were mostly large cars in the 5,500-
pound inertia weight class, whereas the heaviest vehicles today are all trucks.
19

-------
Figure 3.6. Inertia Weight Class Distribution by Model Year
100%-
0
(5 75%
sz
(A
c
o
o
3
T3
O
50%
25%
0%-
1975
1985 1995 2005 2015
Model Year
Weight
¦
<2750

2750

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000
¦
>6000
Vehicle Weight and CO2 Emissions
Heavier vehicles require more energy to move than lower-weight vehicles and, if all other
factors are the same, will have lower fuel economy and higher CO2 emissions. The wide
array of technology available in modern vehicles complicates this comparison, but it is still
useful to evaluate the relationship between vehicle weight and CO2 emissions, and how
these variables have changed over time.
Figure 3.7 shows estimated real-world CO2 emissions as a function of vehicle inertia weight
for model year 1978s and model year 2018. On average, CO2 emissions increase linearly
with vehicle weight for both model years, although the rate of change as vehicles get
heavier is different between model year 2018 and 1978. At lower weights, vehicles from
model year 2018 produce about 33% lower CO2 emissions than those from 1978. The
difference between model year 2018 and 1978 increases for heavier vehicles, as the
heaviest model year 2018 vehicles produce about 50% lower CO2 emissions than those
8 Model year 1978 was the first year for which complete horsepower data are available, therefore it will be used
for several historical comparisons for consistency.
20

-------
from 1978. Electric vehicles, which do not produce any tailpipe CO2 emissions regardless of
weight, are visible along the 0 g/mi axis of Figure 3.7. As more electric vehicles are
introduced into the market, the relationship between average vehicle CO2 emissions and
inertia weight will continue to evolve.
Figure 3.7. Relationship of Inertia Weight and CO2 Emissions
1200 -
900-
600-
300-
0-
Model Year
•	1978
•	2018
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Inertia Weight (lbs)
21

-------
C. Vehicle Power
Vehicle power, measured in horsepower (HP), has changed dramatically since model year
1975. The average new vehicle in model year 2017 produced 70% more power than a new
vehicle in model year 1975, and almost 130% more power than an average new vehicle in
model year 1981. In the early years of this report, horsepower fell, from an average of 137
HP in model year 1975 to 102 HP in model year 1981. Since model year 1981 however,
horsepower has increased nearly every year. The average new vehicle HP is at a record
high, increasing from 230 HP in model year 2016 to 233 HP in model year 2017. The
preliminary value for model year 2018 is 237 HP, which would be another record-high for
horsepower.
Vehicle Power by Vehicle- Type
As with weight, the changes in horsepower are also quite different among vehicle types.
The sedan/wagon, car SUV, and truck SUV categories have all had at least a 49% increase in
horsepower since model year 1975, but horsepower in these vehicle types appears to be
leveling off. However, pickup truck horsepower is up 141 % since model year 1975 and does
not appear to be slowing down. Horsepower for minivans/vans is up 83% and appears to
still be increasing.
22

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Figure 3.8. Average New Vehicle Horsepower by Vehicle Type
ALL	Sedan/Wagon	Car SUV
69% I
Since MY 1975
Truck SUV
Minivan/Van
Pickup
350
o
X
300
250
200
150
141% I
Since MY 1975
70% I
Since MY 1975
83% I
Since MY 1975
100
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Model Year
The distribution of horsepower over time has shifted significantly towards vehicles with
more horsepower, as show in Figure 3.9. In the early 1980s, more than half of all new
vehicles had 100 to 150 HP, and very few had more than 200 HP. The average model year
2018 vehicle is projected to have more than 230 HP, and very few vehicles have less than
150 HP. Vehicles with more than 300 HP are projected to make up about 40% of new
vehicle production, and vehicles with more than 350 HP are projected to make up about
25% of new vehicle production. The maximum horsepower for an individual vehicle is now
well over 1,000 HP.
23

-------
Figure 3.9. Horsepower Distribution by Model Year
100%'
75%
50%
25%
Horsepower
>450
| 400-450
350-400
| 300-350
250-300
| 200-250
150-200
100-150
I 50-100
1980 1990 2000
Model Year
2010
2020
Vehicle Power and CO2 Emissions
The relationship between vehicle power, CO2 emissions, and fuel economy has become
more complex as new technology and vehicles have emerged in the marketplace. In the
past, higher power generally increased CO2 emissions and decreased fuel economy,
especially when new vehicle production relied exclusively on gasoline and diesel internal
combustion engines. As shown in Figure 3.10, model year 1978 vehicles with increased
horsepower generally had increased CO2 emissions. Model year 2018 vehicles nearly all
have lower CO2 emissions than their model year 1978 counterparts with the same amount
of power. However, the relationship between horsepower and CO2 emissions is different in
model year 2018. As vehicle horsepower increases, so do CO2 emissions but at a much-
reduced rate compared to model year 1978. Technology improvements, including
turbocharged engines and hybrid packages, have reduced the incremental CO2 emissions
associated with increased power. Electric vehicles are present along the 0 g/mi line in
Figure 3.10 because they produce no tailpipe CO2 emissions, regardless of horsepower,
further complicating this analysis for modern vehicles.
24

-------
Figure 3.10. Relationship of Horsepower and CO2 Emissions
Model Year
Horsepower
Vehicle Acceleration
Vehicle acceleration is closely related to vehicle horsepower. As new vehicles have
increased horsepower, the corresponding ability of vehicles to accelerate has also
increased. The most common vehicle acceleration metric, and one of the most recognized
vehicle metrics overall, is the time it takes a vehicle to accelerate from 0 to 60 miles per
hour, also called the 0-to-60 time. Data on 0-to-60 times are not directly submitted to EPA
but are calculated for most vehicles using vehicle attributes and calculation methods
developed by MacKenzie and Heywood (2012).9 Data are obtained from external sources
for hybrids and electric vehicles.
9 MacKenzie, D. Heywood, J. 2012. Acceleration performance trends and the evolving relationship among
power, weight, and acceleration in U.S. light-duty vehicles: A linear regression analysis. Transportation Research
Board, Paper NO 12-1475, TRB 91st Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, January 2012.
25

-------
Since the early 1980s, there has been a clear downward trend in 0-to-60 times. Figure 3.11
shows the average new vehicle 0-to-60 time from model year 1978 to model year 2018. The
average new vehicle in model year 2018 is projected to have a 0-to-60 time of 8.0 seconds,
which is the fastest average 0-to-60 time since the database began in 1975 and is
approaching half of the average 0-to-60 times of the early 1980s.
Figure
18-
15-
12-
9-
 18-
cn
15-
12-
9"
1
The long-term downward trend in 0-to-60 times is consistent across all vehicle types,
though it appears to be diverging in more recent years. The average 0-to-60 time for
pickups continues to decrease steadily, while times for car SUVs have begun to flatten out.
The continuing decrease in pickup truck 0-to-60 times is likely due to their increasing
power, as shown in Figure 3.8. While much of that power is intended to increase towing
and hauling capacity, it also decreases 0-to-60 times.
3.11. Calculated 0-to-60 Time by Vehicle Type
ALL	Sedan/Wagon	Car SUV
-37% ~
Since MY 1978
-42%T
Since MY 1978
-41 %~
Since MY 1978
Truck SUV	Minivan/Van	Pickup
-41% ~
Since MY 1978
-39%T
Since MY 1978
-47% T
Since MY 1978
975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Model Year
26

-------
D. Vehicle Footprint
Vehicle footprint is a very important attribute since it is the basis for the current CO2
emissions and fuel economy standards. Footprint is the product of wheelbase times
average track width (the area defined by where the centers of the tires touch the ground).
This report provides footprint data beginning with model year 2008, though it is important
to highlight that footprint data from model years 2008-2010 were aggregated from various
sources, some independent of official automaker data, and EPA has less confidence in the
consistency and precision of this data. Beginning in model year 2011, the first year when
both car and truck CAFE standards were based on footprint, automakers began to submit
reports to EPA with footprint data at the end of the model year, and these official footprint
data are reflected in the final data through model year 2017. EPA projects footprint data for
the preliminary model year 2018 fleet based on footprint values for existing models from
previous years and footprint values for new vehicle designs available through public
sources.
Vehicle Footprint by Vehicle Type
Figure 3.12 shows overall new vehicle and vehicle type footprint data since model year
2008. Between model year 2008 and 2017, the overall average footprint increased 2%, from
48.9 to 49.8 square feet. The overall average is influenced by the trends within each vehicle
type, as well as the mix of new vehicles produced and the market shift toward larger
vehicles. Within each of the five vehicle types, footprint increased for all vehicle types
between model year 2008 and 2017. Car SUVs increased 0.3 square feet (0.6%), truck SUVs
increased 0.7 square feet (1.4%), sedan/wagons increased 0.9 square feet (2.1 %),
minivan/vans increased 1.5 square feet (2.8%), and pickups increased 1.8 square feet
(2.8%). The distribution of footprints across all new vehicles, as shown in Figure 3.13, also
shows only slight changes over time. More than 60% of all vehicles have footprints of 40-50
square feet. Projected data for model year 2018 show overall footprint will increase slightly
to 50.0 square feet.
27

-------
Figure 3.12. Footprint by Vehicle Type for Model Year 2008-2018
70
cr
w
c
Q.
60
o 50 H
40








Pickup _









Minivan/Van






Truck SUV
I
Fleetwide Avg







~T
Sedan/Wagon








2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
Model Year
Figure 3.13. Footprint Distribution by Model Year
100%-
75% -
CD
i_
CO
CO
c
o
"G
"O
o
50% -
25%
0%-
2008	2010	2012	2015
Model Year
Footprint
>65
| 60-65
55-60
| 50-55
45-50
40-45
<40
2018
28

-------
Vehicle Footprint and CO2 Emissions
The relationship between vehicle footprint and CO2 emissions is shown in Figure 3.14.
Vehicles with a larger footprint are likely to weigh more and have more frontal area, which
leads to increased aerodynamic resistance. Increased weight and aerodynamic resistance
increases CO2 emissions and decreases fuel economy. The general trend of increasing
footprint and CO2 emissions holds true for vehicles from model year 2008 and model year
2018, although vehicles produced in model year 2018 produce roughly 25% less CO2
emissions than model year 2008 vehicles of a comparable footprint. Electric vehicles are
shown in Figure 3.14 with zero tailpipe CO2 emissions, regardless of footprint. As more
electric vehicles enter the market, the relationship between footprint and tailpipe CO2
emissions will become much flatter, or less sensitive to footprint.
Figure 3.14. Relationship of Footprint and CO2 Emissions
Model Year
Footprint (sq ft)

-------
E. Summary
The past 40+ years of data show striking changes in the attributes of vehicles produced for
sale in the United States. The marketplace has moved from more than 80% cars to a much
more varied mix of vehicles, with recent growth in SUV sales (car SUVs and truck SUVs)
resulting in SUVs capturing more than 40% of the market. The weight of an average new
vehicle fell dramatically in the late 1970s, then slowly climbed for about 20 years before
flattening off. The mix of vehicles in the sedans/wagons vehicle type have an average
weight that is still 13% below 1975 values, but trucks are now almost 30% heavier than in
model year 1975. Vehicle power and acceleration have increased across all vehicle types,
with average horsepower more than doubling the lows reached in the early 1980s. Vehicle
footprint has increased about 2% since this report began tracking the data in model year
2008. Figure 3.15 shows a summary of the relative changes in fuel economy, weight,
horsepower, and fuel economy since 1975.
Figure 3.15. Relative Change in Fuel Economy, Weight, and Horsepower, since
Model Year 1975
100%
80%
Real-World Fuel Economy
60%
CD
o
c
(fi
CD
CD
C
CC
_C
40%
Horsepower
20%
O
0%
VNfeight
-20%
-40%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
30

-------
Over time, automotive technology innovation has been applied to vehicle design with
differing emphasis between vehicle weight, power, CO2 emissions and fuel economy. In the
two decades before model year 2004, technology innovation was generally used to
increase vehicle power, and weight increased due to changing vehicle design, increased
vehicle size, and increased content. During this period, average new vehicle fuel economy
steadily decreased and CO2 emissions correspondingly increased. However, since model
year 2004, technology has been used to increase fuel economy (up 29%) and power (up
11 %), while maintaining vehicle weight and reducing CO2 emissions (down 23%). The
improvement in CO2 emissions and fuel economy since 2004 is due to many factors,
including gasoline prices, consumer preference, and increasing stringency of NHTSA light-
duty car and truck CAFE standards.
Vehicle fuel economy and CO2 emissions are clearly related to vehicle attributes
investigated in this section, namely weight, horsepower, and footprint. Future trends in fuel
economy and CO2 emissions will be dependent, at least in part, by design choices related to
these attributes.

-------
Table 3,1, Vehicle Attributes by Mode n tv.r

Real-World
Real-World




Car
Truck

C02
FE
Weight
Horsepower
0 to 60
Footprint
Production
Production
Model Year
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(lbs)
(HP)
(s)
(ft2)
Share
Share
1975
681
13.1
4,060
137
-
-
80.7%
19.3%
1980
466
19.2
3,228
104
15.6
-
83.5%
16.5%
1985
417
21.3
3,271
114
14.1
-
75.2%
24.8%
1990
420
21.2
3,426
135
11.5
-
70.4%
29.6%
1995
434
20.5
3,613
158
10.1
-
63.5%
36.5%
2000
450
19.8
3,821
181
9.8
-
58.8%
41.2%
2001
453
19.6
3,879
187
9.5
-
58.6%
41.4%
2002
457
19.5
3,951
195
9.4
-
55.2%
44.8%
2003
454
19.6
3,999
199
9.3
-
53.9%
46.1%
2004
461
19.3
4,111
211
9.1
-
52.0%
48.0%
2005
447
19.9
4,059
209
9.0
-
55.6%
44.4%
2006
442
20.1
4,067
213
8.9
-
57.9%
42.1%
2007
431
20.6
4,093
217
8.9
-
58.9%
41.1%
2008
424
21.0
4,085
219
8.9
48.9
59.3%
40.7%
2009
397
22.4
3,914
208
8.8
47.9
67.0%
33.0%
2010
394
22.6
4,001
214
8.8
48.5
62.8%
37.2%
2011
399
22.3
4,126
230
8.5
49.5
57.8%
42.2%
2012
377
23.6
3,979
222
8.5
48.8
64.4%
35.6%
2013
368
24.2
4,003
226
8.4
49.1
64.1%
35.9%
2014
369
24.1
4,060
230
8.3
49.7
59.3%
40.7%
2015
361
24.6
4,035
229
8.3
49.4
57.4%
42.6%
2016
359
24.7
4,035
230
8.3
49.5
55.3%
44.7%
2017
357
24.9
4,093
233
8.2
49.8
52.5%
47.5%
2018 (prelim)
348
25.4
4,094
237
8.0
50.0
51.7%
48.3%
To explore this data in more depth, please see the report website at https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends
32

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Table 3.2, Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 by Vehicle Type

Sedan/Wagon

Car SUV

Truck SUV

Minivan/Van

Pickup



Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-


World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Model Year
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
1975
80.6%
660
13.5
0.1%
799
11.1
1.7%
806
11.0
4.5%
800
11.1
13.1%
746
11.9
1980
83.5%
446
20.0
0.0%
610
14.6
1.6%
676
13.2
2.1%
629
14.1
12.7%
541
16.5
1985
74.6%
387
23.0
0.6%
443
20.1
4.5%
538
16.5
5.9%
537
16.5
14.4%
489
18.2
1990
69.8%
381
23.3
0.5%
All
18.8
5.1%
541
16.4
10.0%
498
17.8
14.5%
511
17.4
1995
62.0%
379
23.4
1.5%
499
17.8
10.5%
555
16.0
11.0%
492
18.1
15.0%
526
16.9
2000
55.1%
388
22.9
3.7%
497
17.9
15.2%
555
16.0
10.2%
478
18.6
15.8%
534
16.7
2001
53.9%
386
23.0
4.8%
All
18.8
17.3%
541
16.4
7.9%
493
18.0
16.1%
557
16.0
2002
51.5%
385
23.1
3.7%
460
19.3
22.3%
545
16.3
7.7%
475
18.7
14.8%
564
15.8
2003
50.2%
382
23.3
3.6%
446
19.9
22.6%
541
16.4
7.8%
468
19.0
15.7%
553
16.1
2004
48.0%
384
23.1
4.1%
445
20.0
25.9%
539
16.5
6.1%
464
19.2
15.9%
565
15.7
2005
50.5%
379
23.5
5.1%
440
20.2
20.6%
531
16.7
9.3%
460
19.3
14.5%
561
15.8
2006
52.9%
382
23.3
5.0%
434
20.5
19.9%
518
17.2
7.7%
455
19.5
14.5%
551
16.1
2007
52.9%
369
24.1
6.0%
431
20.6
21.7%
503
17.7
5.5%
456
19.5
13.8%
550
16.2
2008
52.7%
366
24.3
6.6%
419
21.2
22.1%
489
18.2
5.7%
448
19.8
12.9%
539
16.5
2009
60.5%
351
25.3
6.5%
403
22.0
18.4%
461
19.3
4.0%
443
20.1
10.6%
526
16.9
2010
54.5%
340
26.2
8.2%
386
23.0
20.7%
452
19.7
5.0%
442
20.1
11.5%
527
16.9
2011
47.8%
344
25.8
10.0%
378
23.5
25.5%
449
19.8
4.3%
424
20.9
12.3%
516
17.2
2012
55.0%
322
27.6
9.4%
381
23.3
20.6%
445
20.0
4.9%
418
21.3
10.1%
516
17.2
2013
54.1%
313
28.4
10.0%
365
24.3
21.8%
427
20.8
3.8%
422
21.1
10.4%
509
17.5
2014
49.2%
313
28.4
10.1%
364
24.4
23.9%
412
21.6
4.3%
418
21.3
12.4%
493
18.0
2015
47.2%
306
29.0
10.2%
353
25.1
28.1%
406
21.9
3.9%
408
21.8
10.7%
474
18.8
2016
43.8%
303
29.2
11.5%
338
26.2
29.1%
400
22.2
3.9%
410
21.7
11.7%
471
18.9
2017
41.0%
293
30.2
11.5%
339
26.2
31.8%
398
22.4
3.6%
399
22.2
12.1%
470
18.9
2018 (prelim)
42.0%
284
30.8
9.7%
331
26.8
31.7%
387
23.0
3.3%
386
22.9
13.3%
462
19.3
To explore this data in more depth, please see the report website at https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends
33

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Table 33, Model Year 2017 Vehicle Attributes by Manufacturer

Real-World
Real-World





co2
FE
Weight

0 to 60
Footprint
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(lbs)
HP
(s)
(ft2)
BMW
341
25.9
4,107
257
7.0
47.9
FCA
420
21.2
4,510
280
7.5
52.8
Ford
388
22.9
4,360
262
7.9
52.5
GM
388
22.9
4,520
265
8.0
53.5
Honda
302
29.4
3,595
203
8.1
47.1
Hyundai
311
28.6
3,458
176
8.9
46.5
Kia
327
27.2
3,592
186
8.8
47.2
Mazda
306
29.0
3,569
178
8.9
46.0
Mercedes
385
23.1
4,536
288
7.0
50.0
Nissan- Mitsubishi
327
27.1
3,770
201
8.9
47.6
Subaru
312
28.5
3,724
181
9.3
45.0
Toyota
351
25.3
4,059
216
8.5
49.0
VW
335
26.5
3,894
225
7.9
46.3
Other
319
26.6
4,747
336
6.4
51.0
All Manufacturers
357
24.9
4,093
233
8.2
49.8
To explore this data in more depth, please see the report website at https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends
34

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Table 3.4. Model Vss->r 2017 Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type

Sedan/Wagon

Car SUV

Truck SUV
Minivan/Van

Pickup



Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-


World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Prod
CO2
FE
Manufacturer
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
BMW
62.7%
314
28.0
5.5%
362
24.6
31.8%
391
22.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
FCA
10.4%
373
23.7
9.0%
354
25.1
45.6%
423
21.0
16.9%
400
22.2
18.1%
493
18.1
Ford
31.1%
319
27.8
14.8%
352
25.2
32.5%
427
20.8
1.8%
413
21.5
19.8%
457
19.5
GM
30.6%
292
30.2
13.1%
341
26.0
31.4%
439
20.3
0.0%
699
12.7
24.9%
467
19.1
Honda
58.2%
270
32.8
8.4%
301
29.5
28.7%
351
25.3
1.7%
383
23.2
3.0%
408
21.8
Hyundai
63.1%
277
32.1
30.6%
357
24.9
6.2%
430
20.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
Kia
55.0%
280
31.7
17.4%
354
25.1
21.6%
399
22.3
6.0%
423
21.0
-
-
-
Mazda
57.2%
283
31.5
13.9%
321
27.6
29.0%
345
25.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mercedes
50.7%
342
25.9
7.0%
340
26.1
40.8%
445
20.0
1.5%
396
22.5
-
-
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
56.1%
293
30.2
10.2%
307
28.9
24.9%
368
24.1
2.0%
354
25.1
6.9%
480
18.5
Subaru
26.8%
311
28.6
-
-
-
73.2%
312
28.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Toyota
41.6%
278
31.9
9.9%
342
25.9
27.2%
385
23.1
5.7%
399
22.3
15.6%
476
18.7
VW
72.0%
308
28.8
3.5%
395
22.5
24.5%
406
21.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
Other
34.1%
230
34.3
9.9%
106
51.3
56.0%
411
21.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
All Manufacturers
41.0%
293
30.2
11.5%
339
26.2
31.8%
398
22.4
3.6%
399
22.2
12.1%
470
18.9
To explore this data in more depth, please see the report website at https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends
35

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Table 3.5, Footprint by Manufacturer for Model Year 2016-2018 (ft2)
Final MY 2016	Final MY 2017
Manufacturer
Car
Truck
All
Car
Truck
All
BMW
47.1
50.6
48.0
46.7
50.6
47.9
FCA
47.5
53.2
51.4
47.4
54.1
52.8
Ford
46.7
59.0
53.3
46.9
57.3
52.5
GM
46.6
59.1
53.2
46.6
58.9
53.5
Honda
45.3
49.6
47.0
45.9
49.7
47.1
Hyundai
46.3
49.2
46.3
46.3
49.2
46.5
Kia
45.9
51.3
47.1
46.1
50.0
47.2
Mazda
45.4
47.1
46.0
45.5
47.2
46.0
Mercedes
47.5
51.7
48.9
48.5
52.0
50.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
45.8
49.5
46.9
45.8
51.3
47.6
Subaru
44.7
44.8
44.7
45.1
45.0
45.0
Toyota
45.5
52.5
48.5
45.6
52.6
49.0
VW
45.1
48.9
45.9
45.0
50.2
46.3
Other
51.0
51.3
51.2
50.8
51.1
51.0
All Manufacturers
46.1
53.7
49.5
46.2
53.8
49.8
Preliminary MY 2018
Car
Truck
All
47.0
50.8
48.0
48.9
52.4
51.6
46.8
60.1
55.2
46.3
58.3
53.3
46.3
50.5
47.8
46.8
47.5
46.9
46.1
50.2
47.2
45.5
48.1
46.3
48.3
51.3
49.5
45.8
52.0
48.0
45.1
45.0
45.0
45.7
51.1
48.2
45.6
50.0
47.4
49.7
50.4
50.0
46.5
53.8
50.0
36

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4. Vehicle Technology
Vehicle CO2 emissions, fuel economy, weight, power, acceleration, and body type have all
changed significantly over time, as shown in Section 3 of this report. Many of these
attributes have improved in recent years, driven by an increasingly wide array of
technological advancements developed by the automotive industry. Automotive engineers
and designers are constantly creating and evaluating new technology and deciding how, or
if, it should be applied to their vehicles.
This section of the report focuses on three separate technological areas of a vehicle: the
engine, transmission, and driveline. The engine (or motor) of an automobile is at the heart
of any vehicle design and allows the vehicle to convert energy stored in fuel (or a battery)
into rotational energy. The transmission converts the rotational energy from the relatively
narrow range of speeds available at the engine to the appropriate speed required for the
driving conditions. The driveline transfers the rotational energy from the transmission to
the two or four wheels being used to move the vehicle. Each of these components has
energy losses, or inefficiencies, which ultimately increase vehicle CO2 emissions and
decrease fuel economy. A basic illustration of the energy flow through a vehicle is shown in
Figure 4.1. Hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles (EVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
(PHEVs) may have somewhat different configurations than shown in Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1. Vehicle Energy Flow
37

-------
Manufacturers are adopting many new technologies to improve efficiency. Figure 4.2
illustrates projected manufacturer-specific technology adoption, with larger circles
representing higher adoption rates, for model year 2018. The figure shows preliminary
model year 2018 technology projections to provide insight on a quickly changing industry,
even though there is some uncertainty in the preliminary data.
Figure 4.2. Manufacturer Use of Emerging Technologies for Model Year 2018
Honda -
Mazda -
Hyundai -
Subaru -
Kia -
Nissan- _
Mitsubishi"
VW-
BMW -
Toyota -
Mercedes -
Ford -
GM ¦
FCA -
All Manufacturers -
Engine technologies such as turbocharged engines (Turbo) and gasoline direct injection
(GDI) allow for more efficient engine design and operation. Cylinder deactivation (CD)
allows for only using part of the engine when less power is needed, and stop/start can turn
off the engine entirely when the vehicle is stopped to save fuel. Hybrid vehicles use a larger
battery to recapture braking energy and provide power when necessary, allowing for a
smaller, more efficiently-operated engine. Transmissions that have seven or more speeds,
44%
76%
63%
24%
25%
5%
3%
2%
20%
96%


38%












13%
77%

10%



4%
1%




5%
31%
92%
















10%
86%

10%


5%
8%
2%



7%
21%
76%
12%


2%
1
%
2%


83%
99%

63%
1%
59%


1%



97%
94%

88%


84%


7%





3%
2%
27%
30%


6%
11%
1%


86%
100%

100%
2%
79%


2%



56%
42%
4%
35%


59%
3%
0%


40%
89%
2%
40%
43%
44%
1%
2%
10%
7%
1%
78%
12%
41%
4%
1%
31%
51%
22%
36%
12%
28%
4%
3%
	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	
Turbo GDI CVT 7+Gears CD StopStart Hybrid PHEV/
EV/FCV
38

-------
or continuously variable transmissions (CVT) allow the engine to operate more frequently
closer to its peak efficiency, providing more efficient average engine operation and a
reduction in fuel usage.
The technologies in Figure 4.2 are all being adopted by manufacturers to reduce CO2
emissions and increase fuel economy. In some cases, the adoption is rapid. For example,
GDI was used in fewer than 3% of vehicles as recently as model year 2008 but is projected
to be in about 50% of vehicles in model year 2018. Electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are a small but growing percentage of
new vehicles.
Each of the thirteen manufacturers shown in Figure 4.2 have included at least three of
these technologies in their new vehicles. However, it is also clear that manufacturers'
strategies to develop and adopt new technologies are unique and can vary significantly.
Each manufacturer is choosing technologies that best meet the design requirements of
their vehicles, and in many cases, that technology is changing quickly. The rest of this
section will explore how engine, transmission, and driveline technology in general has
changed since 1975, the impact of those technology changes, and the rate at which
technology is adopted by the industry.
Vehicle engine technology has continually evolved in the 40+ years since EPA began
collecting data. Over that time, engines using gasoline as a fuel have dominated the
market, and the technology on those engines has changed dramatically. More recently,
new engine designs such as PHEVs, EVs, and even FCVs have begun to enter the market,
potentially offering dramatic reductions in tailpipe CO2 emissions and further increases in
fuel economy.
The trend in engine technology since model year 1975 is shown in Figure 4.3. Vehicles that
use an engine that operates exclusively on gasoline (including hybrids, but not plug-in
hybrids which also use electricity) have held at least 95% of the light-duty vehicle market in
almost every year. Vehicles with diesel engines briefly captured almost 6% of the market in
model year 1981 but have been less than 1% of the market in most other years. PHEVs,
EVs, and FCVs have added to the increasing array of technology available in the automotive
marketplace and have been capturing a small but growing portion of the market.
39

-------
Figure 4.3. Production Share by Engine Technology
100%
CD
i_
CO
CO
c
o
o
"O
o
100% -
75% -
50% -
25% -
Car
Truck
1975 1980 1985 1990
1	1	1	T
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
Fuel Delivery
Valve Timing
Number of Valves
Key
Carbureted
Fixed
Two-Valve
1


Multi-Valve
2
Throttle Body Injection
Fixed
Two-Valve
3


Multi-Valve
4
Port Fuel Injection
Fixed
Two-Valve
5


Multi-Valve
6

Variable
Two-Valve
7


Multi-Valve
8
Gasoline Direct Injection
Fixed
Multi-Valve
9
(GDI)
Variable
Multi-Valve
10


Two-Valve
ill
Diesel
—
—
B
EV/PHEV/FCV
—
—

40

-------
Engines that use only gasoline as a fuel (including hybrids) are further divided based on
three broad parameters for Figure 4.3: fuel delivery, valve timing, and number of valves per
cylinder. All of these parameters enable better control of the combustion process, which in
turn can allow for lower CO2 emissions, increased fuel economy, and/or more power. Fuel
delivery refers to the method of creating an air and fuel mixture for combustion. The
technology for fuel delivery has changed over time: from carburetors to fuel injection
systems located in the intake system, and more recently to gasoline direct injection (GDI)
systems that spray gasoline directly into the engine cylinder.
The valves on each cylinder of the engine determine the amount and timing of air entering
and exhaust gases exiting the cylinder during the combustion process. Valve timing has
evolved from fixed timing to variable valve timing (WT), which can allow for much more
precise control. Finally, the number of valves per cylinder has generally increased, again
offering more control of air and exhaust flows. All of these changes have led to modern
engines with much more precise control of the combustion process.
Figure 4.3 shows many different engine designs as they have entered, and in many cases
exited, the automotive market. Some fleetwide changes occurred gradually, but in some
cases (for example trucks in the late 1980s), engine technology experienced widespread
change in only a few years. Evolving technology offers opportunities to improve fuel
economy, CO2 emissions, power, and other vehicle parameters. The following analysis will
look at technology trends within gasoline engines (including hybrids), PHEVs and EVs, and
diesel engines. Each of these categories of engine technologies has unique properties,
metrics, and trends over time.
Gasoline Engines
Since EPA began tracking vehicle data in 1975, nearly 600 million vehicles have been
produced for sale in the United States. Over 99 percent of those vehicles used gasoline
engines as the only source of power (this includes hybrids). Gasoline engine technology has
continually evolved and expanded over this time, resulting in a rich data source for
examining the long-term technology trends in gasoline vehicles. Figure 4.3 shows an
overview of this evolution, and the following discussion focuses on metrics that are
applicable to gasoline engines. For the purposes of this report, hybrid vehicles are included
with gasoline engines, as are "flex fuel" vehicles that are capable of operating on gasoline
or a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (E85).
41

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Engine Size and Displacement
Engine size is generally described in one of two ways, either the number of cylinders or the
total displacement of the engine (the total volume of the cylinders). Engine size is
important because larger engines strongly correlate with higher fuel use. Figure 4.4 shows
the trends in engine size over time, as measured by number of cylinders.
Figure 4.4. Gasoline Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders
100% -
75% -
50% -
25% -
0% -
Cylinders
3	Cylinder
4	Cylinder
¦	6 Cylinder
¦	8 Cylinder
I Other
t	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	r
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
In the mid and late 1970s, the 8-cylinder engine was dominant, accounting for well over
half of all new vehicle production. In model year 1980 there was a significant change in the
market, as 8-cylinder engine production share dropped to about a quarter of the market
and 4-cylinder production share increased to 45% of the market. Between model year 1980
and model year 1992, 4-cylinder engines were the most popular engines, although they
slowly lost ground to 6-cylinder engines, and in model year 1992 6-cylinder engines
became the most popular engine option. In model year 2009, 4-cylinder engines increased
13 percentage points in a single year to again become the most popular engine option,
capturing a little over half of all production. Production share of 4-cylinder engines has
generally increased since, and is at the highest point on record, accounting for 60% of
42

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production in model year 2017. Production share of 8-cylinder engines has continued to
decrease, to less than 10%. Projected data for model year 2018 suggests that these trends
will continue.
Overall engine size, as measured by the total volume of all the engine's cylinders, is directly
related to the number of cylinders. As vehicles have moved towards engines with a lower
number of cylinders, the total engine size, or displacement, is also at an all-time low. The
average new vehicle in model year 1975 had a displacement of nearly 300 cubic inches,
compared to an average of 138 cubic inches today. Gasoline engine displacement per
cylinder has been relatively stable over the time of this report (around 35 cubic inches per
cylinder since 1980), so the reduction in overall new vehicle engine displacement is almost
entirely due to the shift towards engines with fewer cylinders.
The contrasting trends in horsepower (at all-time high) and engine displacement (at an all-
time low) highlight the continuing improvement in engines. These improvements are due
to the development of new technologies and ongoing design improvements that allow for
more efficient use of fuel or reduce internal engine friction. One additional way to examine
the relationship between engine horsepower and displacement is to look at the trend in
specific power (HP/Displacement), which is a metric to compare the power output of an
engine relative to its size.
Specific power has increased more than 175% since model year 1975, and has done so at a
remarkably steady rate, as shown in Figure 4.5. The specific power of new vehicle gasoline
engines has increased by about 0.02 horsepower per cubic inch every year for 40+ years.
Considering the numerous and significant changes to engines over this time span, changes
in consumer preferences, and the external pressures on vehicle purchases, the long-
standing linearity of this trend is noteworthy. The roughly linear increase in specific power
does not appear to be slowing. Turbocharged engines, direct injection, higher compression
ratios, and many other engine technologies are likely to continue increasing engine specific
power.
Figure 4.5 also shows two other important engine metrics, the amount of fuel consumed
compared to the overall size of the engine (Fuel Consumption/Displacement), and the
amount of fuel consumed relative to the amount of power produced by an engine (Fuel
Consumption/HP). The amount of fuel consumed by a gasoline engine, relative to the total
displacement, has fallen about 15% since model year 1975, and fuel consumption relative
to engine horsepower has fallen more than 65% since model year 1975. Taken as a whole,
the trend lines in Figure 4.5 clearly show that gasoline engine improvements over time
43

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have been steady, continual, and have resulted in impressive improvements to internal
combustion engines.
Figure 4.5. Percent Change for Specific Gasoline Engine Metrics
Fuel Delivery Systems and Valvetrains
All gasoline engines require a fuel delivery system that controls the flow of fuel delivered
into the engine. The process for controlling fuel flow has change significantly over time,
allowing for much more control over the combustion process and thus more efficient
engines. In the 1970s and early 1980s, nearly all gasoline engines used carburetors to
meter fuel delivered to the engine. Carburetors were replaced over time with fuel injection
systems; first throttle body injection (TBI) systems, then port fuel injection (PFI) systems,
and more recently gasoline direct injection (GDI), as shown in Figure 4.3. TBI and PFI
systems use fuel injectors to electronically deliver fuel and mix it with air outside of the
engine cylinder; the resulting air and fuel mixture is then delivered to the engine cylinders
for combustion. Engines that utilize GDI spray fuel directly into the air in the engine
cylinder for better control of the combustion process. Engines using GDI were first
200%

HP/Displacement
Fuel Consumption/Displacement
Fuel Consumption/HP
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
44

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introduced into the market with very limited production in model year 2007. Ten years
later, GDI engines were installed in 50% of model year 2017 gasoline vehicles and are
projected to continue increasing.
Another key aspect of engine design is the valvetrain. Each engine cylinder must have a set
of valves that allow for air (or an air/fuel mixture) to flow into the engine cylinder prior to
combustion and for exhaust gases to exit the cylinder after combustion. The number of
valves per cylinder and the method of controlling the valves (i.e., the valvetrain) directly
impacts the overall efficiency of the engine. Generally, engines with four valves per cylinder
instead of two and valvetrains that can alter valve timing during the combustion cycle can
provide more engine control and increase engine power and efficiency.
This report began tracking multi-valve engines (i.e., engines with more than two valves per
cylinder) for cars in model year 1986 and for trucks in model year 1994. Since that time
nearly the entire fleet has converted to multi-valve design. While some three- and five-valve
engines have been produced, the vast majority of multi-valve engines are based on four
valves per cylinder. Engines with four valves generally use two valves for air intake and two
valves for exhaust. In addition, this report began tracking variable valve timing (VVT)
technology for cars in model year 1990 and for trucks in model year 2000, and since then
nearly the entire fleet has also adopted this technology. Figure 4.3 shows the evolution of
engine technology, including fuel delivery method and the introduction of VVT and multi-
valve engines.
As shown in Figure 4.3, fuel delivery and valvetrain technologies have often been
developed simultaneously. Nearly all carbureted engines relied on fixed valve timing and
had two valves per cylinder, as did early port-injected engines. Port-injected engines largely
developed into engines with both multi-valve and WT technology. Engines with GDI are
almost exclusively using multi-valve and WT technology. These four engine groupings, or
packages, represent a large share of the engines produced over the lifetime of the Trends
database.
Figure 4.6 shows the changes in specific power and fuel consumption for each of these
engine packages over time. There is a very clear increase in specific power of each engine
package as engines moved from carbureted engines to engines with two valves, fixed
timing and port fuel injection, then to engines with multi-valve WT and port fuel injection,
and finally to GDI engines. Some of the increase for GDI engines may also be due to the
fact that GDI engines are often paired with turbochargers to further increase power. Figure
4.6 also shows the reduction in fuel consumption per horsepower for each of the four
engine packages.
45

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Figure 4.6. Engine Metrics for Different Gasoline Technology Packages
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.4
GDI
L /
Variable and

Multi-Valve

Technology

Fixed and Single
Valve Technology
Carb

0.06 -
0.05 -
0.04 -
0.03 -
0.02 -
0.01 -I
Carb

Variable and
Fixed and Single
Multi-Valve
Valve Technology
Technology


GDI
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201020152020
Model Year
46

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Turbocfaargiiig
Turbochargers increase the power that an engine can produce by forcing more air, and
thus fuel, into the engine. An engine with a turbocharger can produce more power than an
identically sized engine that is naturally aspirated or does not have a turbocharger. The
pressure of the exhaust gases provides the power to operate a turbocharger.
Superchargers operate the same way as turbochargers but are directly connected to the
engine for power. Alternate turbocharging and supercharging methods, such as electric
superchargers, are also beginning to emerge.
Turbocharged engines have been increasing rapidly in the marketplace, as shown in Figure
4.7, and almost 30% of all engines are expected to be turbocharged gasoline engines in
model year 2018. Many of these engines are applying turbochargers to create "turbo
downsized" engine packages that can combine the improved fuel economy of smaller
engines during normal operation but can provide the power of a larger engine by engaging
the turbocharger when necessary. As evidence of this turbo downsizing, about 80% of
turbocharged engines are 4-cylinder engines, with most other turbochargers being used in
6-cylinder engines. This is shown in Figure 4.8.
Most of the current turbocharged engines also use GDI and WT. This allows for more
efficient engine operation, helps increase the resistance to premature combustion (engine
knock), and reduces turbo lag (the amount of time it takes for a turbocharger to engage). In
model year 2017, more than 90% of new vehicles with gasoline turbocharged engines also
used GDI.
Figure 4.9 examines the distribution of engine displacement and power of turbocharged
engines over time. In model year 2010, turbochargers were used mostly in cars, and were
available on engines both above and below the average engine displacement. The biggest
increase in turbocharger use over the last few years has been in cars with engine
displacement well below the average displacement. The distribution of horsepower for
turbocharged engines is much closer to the average horsepower, even though the
displacement is smaller, reflecting the higher power per displacement of turbocharged
engines. This trend towards adding turbochargers to smaller, less powerful engines is
consistent with the turbo downsizing trend.
47

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Figure 4.7. Gasoline Turbo Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type
CD
i_
CO
en
c
o
o
"O
o
30%
20%
10%
2003
2008	2013
Model Year
2018
VehicleType
Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
Minivan/Van
| Pickup
Figure 4.8. Gasoline Turbo Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders
30%
CD
TO 20%-
CO
c
o
t3
"O
o
10%
o%-
2003
2008	2013
Model Year
2018
Cylinders
4 Cylinder
| 6 Cylinder
| 8 Cylinder
I Other
-tnaa

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Figure 4.9. Distribution of Gasoline Turbo Vehicles by Displacement and
Horsepower, Model Year 2011, 2014, and 2017
Horsepower
Displacement (cubic inches)

2,500-

2,000-

1,500-

1,000-

500-

0-

2,500-
o
2,000-
o

o


1,500-
o

o
1,000-
T3

O

CL
500-

0-

2,500-

2,000-

1,500-

1,000-

500-

0-
Mean HP,
All Cars
-Mean HP,
All Trucks
Mean
Displacement,
All Cars
Mean
— Displacement,
All Trucks
Mean HP,
All Cars
Mean HP
All Trucks
Mean
Displacement
All Cars
Mean HP
Mean HP,
All Trucks
Mean
Displacement,
All Cars
A Cars
Mean
Displacement,
All Trucks
Mean
— Displacement,
All Trucks
t	1	1	n	1	1	1	r
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
i i i
Truck
Car
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
-tnaa

-------
Cylinder Deactivation
Cylinder deactivation is an engine management approach that turns off the flow of fuel to
one or more engine cylinders when driving conditions do not require full engine power.
This effectively allows a large engine to act as a smaller engine when the additional
cylinders are not needed, increasing engine efficiency and fuel economy. The use of
cylinder deactivation in gasoline vehicles has been steadily climbing, and in model year
2017 gasoline engines with cylinder deactivation were 12% of all vehicles. This trend is
expected to continue, especially as new improvements to cylinder deactivation technology,
such as dynamic cylinder deactivation, reach the market.
Stop/Start
Engine stop/start technology allows the engine to be automatically turned off at idle, and
very quickly restarted when the driver releases the brake pedal to move forward. By
turning the engine off, a vehicle can eliminate the fuel use and CO2 emissions that would
have occurred if the engine was left running. This report began tracking stop/start
technology in model year 2012 at less than one percent, and already the use of stop/start
has increased to 18% of all vehicles, with an increase to almost 30% projected for model
year 2018.
Hybrids
Gasoline hybrid vehicles feature a battery pack that is larger than the battery found on a
typical gasoline vehicle, which allows these vehicles to store and strategically apply
electrical energy to supplement the gasoline engine. The result is that the engine can be
smaller than what would be needed in a non-hybrid vehicle, and the engine can be
operated near its peak efficiency more often. Hybrids also utilize regenerative braking,
which uses a motor/generator to capture energy from braking instead of losing that energy
to friction and heat, as in traditional friction braking, and stop/start technology to turn off
the engine at idle. The combination of these strategies can result in significant reductions
in fuel use and CO2 emissions.
Hybrids were first introduced in the U.S. marketplace in model year 2000 with the Honda
Insight. As more models and options were introduced, hybrid production generally
increased to 3.8% of all vehicles in model year 2010. Since then, production of hybrids has
remained in the range of 2-3% as shown in Figure 4.10. As shown in Figure 4.11, most
hybrid vehicles have utilized 4-cylinder engines.
50

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Figure 4.10. Gasoline Hybrid Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type
CD
i_
CO
cn
c
o
o
"O
o
Vehicle Type
Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
I Pickup
2000	2005	2010
Model Year
2015
2020
Figure 4.11. Gasoline Hybrid Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders
4%
CD
i_
CO
cn
c
o
o
"O
o
Cylinders
4 Cylinder
| 6 Cylinder
| 8 Cylinder
¦ Other
2000
2005
2010
Model Year
2015
2020
51

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The production-weighted distribution of fuel economy for all hybrid cars by year is shown
in Figure 4.12. Hybrid cars, on average, had fuel economy more than 50% higher than the
average non-hybrid car in model year 2017. As a production weighted average, hybrid cars
(including sedan/wagons and car SUVs) achieved 45 mpg for model year 2017, while the
average non-hybrid car achieved about 29 mpg.
Figure 4.12 is presented only for cars since the production of hybrid trucks has been
limited. While the average fuel economy of hybrid cars remains higher than the average
fuel economy of non-hybrid cars, the difference has narrowed considerably. Average
hybrid car fuel economy has been relatively stable since model year 2001, while the fuel
economy of the average non-hybrid car has increased more than 26%.
Figure 4.12. Hybrid Real-World Fuel Economy Distribution, Cars Only
60-
50-
eT
CL
i. 40-
E
o
8 30-
LD
0
2 20 "
CC 10 "
CD
01
0-
2000	2005	2010	2015	2020
Model Year
Highest Hybrid Car
Average Hybrid Car
Average Non-Hybrid Car
Lowest Hybrid Car
52

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sctric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
PHEVs and EVs are two types of vehicles that can store electricity from an external source
onboard the vehicle, utilizing that stored energy to propel the vehicle. PHEVs are similar to
gasoline hybrids discussed previously but the battery packs in PHEVs can be charged from
an external electricity source; this cannot be done in gasoline hybrids. EVs operate using
only energy stored in a battery from external charging. Fuel cell vehicles use a fuel cell to
chemically convert a fuel (usually hydrogen) into electrical energy that is then used to
power the vehicle.
EVs typically result in lower CO2 emissions over their lifetime compared to gasoline
vehicles. This is due largely to two factors: EVs do not emit tailpipe emissions, and they are
much more efficient in terms of onboard energy usage because an electric motor is much
more efficient than a gasoline engine. Thus, even though there are emissions associated
with the generation of electricity, the EV overall uses less energy than its gasoline-powered
counterpart. Further, electricity-related CO2 emissions vary depending on the electricity's
fuel source. The mix of fuel sources used to generate electricity varies across the country,
so the amount of CO2 associated with electricity production similarly varies across the U.S.
To enable a comparison between EVs and gasoline vehicles, EVs are rated in terms of miles
per gallon-equivalent (mpge), which is the number of miles that an EV travels on an amount
of electrical energy equivalent to the energy in a gallon of gasoline.
PHEVs combine the benefits of EVs with the benefits of a gasoline hybrid. These vehicles
can operate either on electricity or gasoline, allowing for a wide range of engine designs
and strategies for the utilization of stored electrical energy during typical driving. The use
of electricity to provide some or all of the energy required for propulsion can significantly
lower fuel consumption and tailpipe CO2 emissions. For a much more detailed discussion
of EV and PHEV metrics, as well as upstream emissions from electricity, see Appendix E.
The production of EVs and PHEVs has increased rapidly in recent years. Prior to model year
2011, EVs were available, but generally only in small numbers for lease in California.10 In
model year 2011 the first PHEV, the Chevrolet Volt, was introduced along with the Nissan
Leaf EV. Many additional models have been introduced since, and in model year 2017
combined EV/PHEV sales reached 1.4% of overall production, as shown in Figure 4.13.
Combined EV/PHEV production is projected to reach almost 3% in model year 2018. The
inclusion of model year 2017 EV and PHEV sales reduces the overall new vehicle average
10 At least over the timeframe covered by this report. Electric vehicles were initially produced more than 100
years ago.
53

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C02 emissions by 4 g/mi, and this impact will continue to grow if EV and PHEV production
increases. In model year 2017 there were three hydrogen FCVs available for sale, but they
are only available in the state of California and in very small numbers. However there
continues to be interest in FCVs as a future technology.
Figure 4.13. Production Share of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs, Model Year 1995-201711
2.5%
2.0%
0
i_
CD
_£=
(J)
C
o
'-4—'
o
D
T3
O
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0%
T
X
T
Plug-In Hybrid EV
Electric Vehicle
Fuel Cell Vehicle
1995
2000 2005 2010
Model Year
2015
Figure 4.14 shows the range and fuel economy trends for EVs and PHEVs. The average
range of new EVs has climbed substantially. In model year 2018 the average new EV is
11 EV production data were supplemented with data from Ward's and other publicly available production data
for model years prior to 2011. The data only include offerings from original equipment manufacturers and does
not include data on vehicles converted to alternative fuels in the aftermarket.
54

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projected to have a 273-mile range, or more than three and a half times the range of an
average EV in 2011. This difference is largely attributable to higher production of new EVs
with much longer ranges. The range values shown for PHEVs are the charge-depleting
range, where the vehicle is operating on energy in the battery from an external source. This
is generally the electric range of the PHEV, although the design of the specific vehicles may
also use the gasoline engine in small amounts during charge depleting operation. The
average charge depleting range for PHEVs has remained unchanged since model year
2011.
Along with improving range, the fuel economy of electric vehicles has also improved as
measured in miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent (mpge). The fuel economy of electric
vehicles has increased about 20% since model year 2011. The combined fuel economy of
PHEVs has been more variable and does not appear to have a clear trend. For more
information about EV and PHEV metrics, see Appendix E of this report.
Figure 4.14. Charge Depleting Range and Fuel Economy Trends for EVs and
PHEVs
Range (mi)	Fuel Economy (mpge)
200-
Electric Vehicles
100-
Plug-ln Hybrid
Electric Vehicles
2012
2014
2016
2018
120-
Electric Vehicles
100-
80-
Plug-ln Hybrid
Electric Vehicles
60-
2012
2014
2016
2018
Model Year
55

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' Vsel Engines
Vehicles with diesel engines have been available in the U.S. at least as long as EPA has been
collecting data. However, sales of diesel vehicles have rarely broken more than 1 % of the
overall market. Diesel vehicle sales peaked at 5.9% of the market in model year 1981, but
quickly fell back to below 1 % of production per year. While the overall percentage of diesel
vehicles is low, there are still new vehicles entering the market.
Vehicles that rely on diesel fuel often achieve higher fuel economy than gasoline vehicles,
largely because the energy density of diesel fuel is about 15% higher than that of gasoline.
However, there is less of an advantage in terms of CO2 emissions because diesel fuel also
contains about 15% more carbon per gallon, and thus emits more CO2 per gallon burned
than gasoline.
Figure 4.15 shows the production share of diesel engines by vehicle type. Diesel engines
have historically been more prevalent in the sedan/wagon vehicle type, however there has
been very limited diesel sedan/wagon production in recent years. Light-duty diesel pickup
trucks have recently re-entered the market, although only in small volumes. This report
does not include the largest pickup trucks and work or vocational trucks, which have a
higher penetration of diesel engines. As shown in Figure 4.16, current production of diesel
engines for light-duty vehicles is limited to smaller four and six-cylinder engines.
Diesel engines, as with gasoline engines, have improved over time. Figure 4.17 shows the
same metrics and trends that are explored in Figure 4.5 for gasoline engines. The specific
power (HP/displacement) for diesel engines has increased about 200% since model year
1975. Fuel consumption per displacement dropped slightly in the 1980s but has increased
back to about the same level as in model year 1975. Finally, fuel consumption per
horsepower for diesel engines has declined about 75% since model year 1975.
The Department of Justice and EPA have reached settlements with Volkswagen and Fiat
Chrysler Automobiles based on the sale of certain diesel vehicles equipped with devices to
defeat the vehicles' emission control systems. This report includes the original fuel
economy and GHG certification values of these vehicles, as EPA believes this is a
reasonable representation of how these vehicles were expected to perform. The affected
vehicles are certain model year 2009 to 2016 diesel vehicles from Volkswagen and 2014 to
2016 diesel vehicles from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and account for less than 1 % of
production in all affected years. For more information about these investigations, please
see https://www.epa.gov/vw or https://www.epa.gov/fca.
56

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Figure 4.15. Diesel Engine Production Share by Vehicle Type
6%
4% -
2%
0%









1




1
J
L



u
Vehicle Type
Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
Minivan/Van
| Pickup
—i	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	r
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
Figure 4.16. Diesel Engine Production Share by Number of Cylinders
CD
CC
_C
CO
c
o
'-4—'
o
=3
"O
o
6%
4%
2%
0%-














¦
J



¦lid
L^l
Cylinders
4 Cylinder
| 6 Cylinder
| 8 Cylinder
I Other
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
57

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Figure 4.17. Percent Change for Specific Diesel Engine Metrics
200% -
150% -
100% -
50% -
0% -
-50% -
HP/Displacement
Fuel Consumption/Displacement
Fuel Consumption/HP
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
Other Engine Technologies
In addition to the engine technologies described above, there have been a small number of
other technologies available in the U.S. marketplace over the years. Vehicles that operate
on compressed natural gas (CNG) are one example, but there are currently no CNG
vehicles available from vehicle manufacturers (aftermarket conversions are not included
here). This report will continue to track all vehicles produced for sale in the U.S., and if CNG
or other technologies reach widespread availability they will be included in future versions
of this report.
iVHjj

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B. Transmission and Drive Types
The vehicle transmission and driveline connect the engine to the wheels, as shown in
Figure 4.1. There are two important aspects of transmissions that impact overall vehicle
efficiency and fuel economy. First, as torque (rotational force) is transferred through the
transmission, a small amount is lost to friction, which reduces vehicle efficiency. Second,
the design of the transmission impacts how the engine is operated, and generally
transmissions with more speeds offer more opportunity to operate the engine in the most
efficient way possible. For example, a vehicle with an eight-speed transmission will have
more flexibility in determining engine operation than a vehicle with a five-speed
transmission. This can lead to reduced fuel consumption and CO2 emissions compared to a
vehicle that is identical except for the number of transmission gears.
Transmissions
Transmission designs have been rapidly evolving to increase the number of gears available
and allow for both better engine operation and improved efficiency. The number of gears
in new vehicles continues to increase, as does the use of continuously variable
transmissions (CVTs). Figure 4.18 shows the evolution of transmission production share for
cars and trucks since model year 1980.12 For this analysis, transmissions are separated into
manual transmissions, CVTs, and automatic transmissions. Automatic transmissions are
further separated into those with and without lockup mechanisms, which can lock up the
torque converter in an automatic transmission under certain driving conditions and
improve efficiency. CVTs have also been split into hybrid and non-hybrid versions to reflect
the fact that hybrid CVTs are generally very different mechanically from traditional CVTs.
Dual clutch transmissions (DCTs) are essentially automatic transmissions that operate
internally much more like traditional manual transmissions. The two main advantages of
DCTs are that they can shift very quickly, and they can avoid some of the internal resistance
of a traditional automatic transmission by eliminating the torque converter. Currently,
automaker submissions to EPA do not explicitly identify DCTs as a separate transmission
category. Thus, the introduction of DCTs shows up in Figure 4.18 as a slight increase in
automatic transmissions without torque converters (although some DCTs may still be
reported as traditional automatic transmissions).
12 EPA has incomplete transmission data prior to MY 1980.

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Figure 4.18. Transmission Production Share
Car
o 100%-
"O
2
75% -
50% -
25% -
0%-
i	i	i	i	i	i	i	i	i
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
CD
CO
Cf)
c
100%-
75% -
50% -
25% -
0%-
CVT(h)
WA CVT(n-h)
Truck
CVT(h)
CVT(n-h)
Transmission
Lockup?
Number of Gears
Key
Automatic
No
3
A3
Semi-Automatic

4
A4
Automated Manual

5
A5*


6
A6


7
A7


8
A8*

Yes
2
L2*

3
L3


4
L4


5
L5


6
L6


7
L7


8
L8


9
L9


10
L10
Manual
-
3
M3


4
M4


5
M5


6
M6


7
M7*
Continuously Variable
(non-hybrid)
—
—
CVT(n-h)
Continuously Variable
(hybrid)
—
—
CVT(h)
Other
-

Other
'Categories A5, A8, L2, and M7 are too small to depict in the area plot.
H	60

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In the early 1980s, three-speed automatic transmissions, both with and without lockup
torque converters (shown as L3 and A3) were the most popular transmissions, but by
model year 1985, the four-speed automatic transmission with lockup (L4) became the most
popular transmission, a position it would hold for 25 years. Over 80% of all new vehicles
produced in model year 1999 were equipped with an L4 transmission. After model year
1999, the production share of L4 transmissions slowly decreased as L5 and L6
transmissions were introduced into the market. Production of L5 and L6 transmissions
combined passed the production of L4 transmissions in model year 2007. Interestingly,
five-speed transmissions were never the leading transmission technology in terms of
production share.
Six-speed transmissions became the most popular transmission choice in model year 2010
and reached 60% of new vehicle production in model year 2013. However, six-speed
transmissions may already have peaked, as transmissions with more than six-speeds and
CVTs have been expanding quickly. CVTs were installed in almost 25% of all new vehicles in
model year 2017 (including hybrids). This is a significant increase considering that, as
recently as model year 2006, CVTs were installed in less than 2% of vehicles produced.
Transmissions with seven or more speeds were installed in almost 25% of vehicles in
model year 2017 and are quickly increasing.
Figure 4.19 shows the average number of gears in new vehicle transmissions since model
year 1980 for automatic and manual transmissions. The average number of gears in new
vehicles has been steadily climbing for car, trucks, automatic transmissions, and manual
transmissions. In model year 1980, automatic transmissions, on average, had fewer gears
than manual transmissions. However, automatic transmissions have added gears faster
than manual transmissions, and now the average automatic transmission has more gears
than the average manual transmission.
Since 1980, there has also been a large shift away from manual transmissions. Manual
transmission production peaked in model year 1980 at nearly 35% of production and has
since fallen to 2.1 % in model year 2017. Today, manual transmissions are used primarily in
small vehicles, some sports cars, and a few pickups.

-------
Figure 4.19. Average Number of Transmission Gears for New Vehicles
Car	Truck
Manual
Manual
Automatic
Automatic
Model Year
In the past, automatic transmissions have generally been less efficient than manual
transmissions, largely due to inefficiencies in the automatic transmission torque converter.
Figure 4.20 examines this trend over time by comparing the fuel economy of automatic and
manual transmission options where both transmissions were available in one model with
the same engine. The average fuel economy of vehicles with automatic transmissions
appears to have increased to a point where it is now slightly higher than the average fuel
economy of vehicles with manual transmissions. Two contributing factors to this trend are
that automatic transmission design has become more efficient (using earlier lockup and
other strategies), and the number of gears used in automatic transmissions has increased
faster than in manual transmissions.
62

-------
Figure 4.20. Comparison of Manual and Automatic Transmission Real-World
Fuel Economy for Comparable Vehicles
Manual
Automatic
Model Year
Drive Types
There has been a long and steady trend in new vehicle drive type away from rear-wheel
drive vehicles towards front-wheel drive and four-wheel drive vehicles, as shown in Figure
4.21. In model year 1975, over 91 % of new vehicles were produced with rear-wheel drive.
Since then, production of rear-wheel drive vehicles has steadily declined to less than 10% in
model year 2017. Current production of rear-wheel drive vehicles is mostly limited to
pickup trucks and some performance vehicles.
As production of rear-wheel drive vehicles declined, production of front-wheel drive
vehicles increased. Front-wheel drive vehicle production was only 5% of new vehicle
production in model year 1975 but began increasing until about 64% of all new vehicles in
model year 1990 were front-wheel drive designs. Front-wheel drive has remained the most
popular vehicle design, but the production share of front-wheel drive vehicles has been
falling as production of four-wheel drive vehicles has been steadily growing. Four-wheel
drive (including all-wheel drive) systems have increased from 3.3% in model year 1975 to
41 % in model year 2017. If this trend continues, four-wheel drive may be the most popular
drive system within a few years.
63

-------
Figure 4.21. Front-, Rear-, and Four-Wheel Drive Production Share
d)
i—
CO
.c
CO
c
o
o
3
T3
O
100%-
75% -
50% -
25% -
0%-
Drive
Four-Wheel Drive
Front-Wheel Drive
Rear-Wheel Drive
—i	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	r
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Model Year
64

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C. Technology Adoption
One additional way to evaluate the evolution of technology in the automotive industry is to
focus on how technology has been adopted over time. Understanding how the industry has
adopted technology can lead to a better understanding of past changes in the industry,
and how emerging technology may be integrated in the future. The following analysis
provides more details about how manufacturers and the overall industry have adopted
new technology.
Industry-Wide Technology Adoption Sina 1'' ^
Figure 4.22 shows industry-wide adoption rates for seven technologies in passenger cars.
These technologies are fuel injection (including throttle body, port, and direct injection),
front-wheel drive, multi-valve engines (i.e., engines with more than two valves per cylinder),
engines with variable valve timing, lockup transmissions, advanced transmissions
(transmissions with six or more speeds, and CVTs), and gasoline direct injection engines. To
provide a common scale, the adoption rates are plotted in terms of the number of years
after the technology achieved first significant use in the industry. First significant use
generally represents a production threshold of 1 %, though in some cases, where full data
are not available, first significant use represents a slightly higher production share.
The technology adoption pattern shown in Figure 4.22 is roughly similar for each of the
seven technologies, even though they vary widely in application, complexity, and when they
were initially introduced. It has taken, on average, approximately 15-20 years for new
technologies to reach maximum penetration across the industry. GDI is a newer technology
that has likely not reached maximum penetration across the industry but appears to be
following the adoption trend of other more mature technologies. While some of these
technologies may eventually be adopted in 100% of new vehicles, there may be reasons
that other technologies, like front-wheel drive, will likely never be adopted in all vehicles.
Adoption rates for these technologies in trucks are similar, with the exception of front-
wheel drive.
The analysis for Figure 4.22 focuses on technologies that have achieved widespread use by
multiple manufacturers and does not look at narrowly-adopted technologies which never
achieved widespread use. One limitation to the data in this report is that EPA does not
begin tracking technology production share data until after the technologies had achieved
some limited market share. For example, EPA did not begin to track multi-valve engine data
until model year 1986 for cars and model year 1994 for trucks, and in both cases multi-
valve engines had captured about 5% market share by that time. Likewise, turbochargers
65

-------
were not tracked in Trends until model year 1996 for cars and model year 2003 for trucks,
and while turbochargers had less than a 1 % market share in both cases at that time, it is
likely that turbochargers had exceeded 1 % market share in the late 1980s. Cylinder
deactivation was utilized by at least one major manufacturer in the 1980s.
Figure 4.22. Industry-Wide Car Technology Penetration after First Significant
Use
100% -
Fuel Injection
Advanced
Transmission
75% -
50% -
25% -
0%-
i
0
Front
Wheel
Drive
Lockup
Multi-Valve
'Variable
Valve
Timing
i
10
i
30
20
40
Years after First Significant Use
Technology Adoption by Manufacturers
The rate at which the overall industry adopts technology is determined by how quickly, and
at what point in time, individual manufacturers adopt the technology. While it is important
to understand the industry-wide adoption rates over time, the trends in Figure 4.22 mask
the fact that not all manufacturers introduced these technologies at the same time, or at
the same rate. The "sequencing" of manufacturers introducing new technologies is an
important aspect of understanding the overall industry trend of technology adoption.
66

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Figure 4.23 begins to disaggregate the industry-wide trends to examine how individual
manufacturers have adopted new technologies.13 For each technology, Figure 4.23 shows
the amount of time it took specific manufacturers to move from initial introduction to 80%
penetration for each technology, as well as the same data for the overall industry. After
80% penetration, the technology is assumed to be largely incorporated into the
manufacturer's fleet, and changes between 80% and 100% are not highlighted.
Of the seven technologies shown in Figure 4.23, five are now at or near full market
penetration for the included manufacturers, and two are still in the process of adoption by
manufacturers. The technologies shown in Figure 4.23 vary widely in terms of complexity,
application, and when they were introduced into the market. For each technology, there
are clearly variations between manufacturers, both in terms of when they began to adopt a
technology, and the rate with which they adopted the technology. The degree of variation
between the manufacturers also varies by technology.
The data for variable valve timing (VVT), for example, show that several manufacturers
adopted the technology much faster than the overall industry rate might suggest. As shown
in Figure 4.22, it took a little over 20 years for WT to reach 80% penetration across the
industry. However, Figure 4.23 shows that several individual manufacturers implemented
at least 80% VVT in significantly less time than the overall industry. Therefore, it was not the
rate of technology adoption alone, but rather the staggered implementation timeframes
among manufacturers that resulted in the longer industry-wide average.
Fuel injection systems show the least amount of variation in initial adoption timing
between manufacturers, which resulted in a faster adoption by the industry overall than
technologies like WT. One important driver for adoption of fuel injection was increasingly
stringent emissions standards. Advanced transmissions, which have been available in small
numbers for some time, have very rapidly increased market penetration in recent years
and are now widely adopted. GDI engines appear to be following a similar path of quick
uptake in recent years. Turbocharged engines have long been available, but the focus on
turbo downsized engine packages is leading to much higher market penetration, although
it is too early to tell what level of penetration they will ultimately achieve industry-wide.
13 This figure is based on available data. Some technologies may have been introduced into the market before
this report began tracking them. Generally, these omissions are limited, with the exception of multi-valve
engine data for Honda. Honda had already achieved 70% penetration of multi-valve engines when this report
began tracking them in 1986, so this figure does not illustrate Honda's prior trends.

-------
Figure 4.23. Manufacturer Specific Technology Adoption over Time for Key
Technologies
CD
s—
=3
O
03
4—
=3
C
03
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
GM -
Toyota -
Ford -
FCA -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
Hyundai -
All Manufacturers -
Fuel Injection
1980
1990
2000
2010
Lockup
1980
1990
2000
2010
Multi-Valve
1980
1990
2000
2010
¦I
1980
1990
2000
2010
Variable Valve
Timing
Advanced
Transmissions
Gasoline Direct
Injection
Turbocharged
Model Year
Percent of Production
20% to 25%
10% to 15%
0% to 5% I
I
15% to 20%
5% to 10%
80% to 100%
68

-------
The discrepancy between manufacturer adoption rates, and the timeframe when they
chose to adopt them, is clear in Figure 4.23 for WT. For more detail, Figure 4.24 shows the
percent penetration of WT over time for each manufacturer (solid red line) versus the
average for all manufacturers (dotted grey line) and compared to the maximum
penetration by any manufacturer (solid grey line) over time. The largest increase in WT
penetration over any one-, three-, and five-year period for each manufacturer is shown in
Figure 4.24 as green, orange, and yellow boxes.
Each manufacturer clearly followed a unique trajectory to adopt WT. It took over 20 years
for nearly all new vehicles to adopt WT; however, it is also very clear that individual
manufacturers adopted WT across their own vehicle offerings much faster. All of the
manufacturers shown in Figure 4.24 were able to adopt WT across the vast majority of
their new vehicle offerings in under 15 years, and many accomplished that feat in under
ten years. As indicated by the yellow rectangles in Figure 4.24, several manufacturers
increased their penetration rates of WT by 75% or more over a five-year period. It is also
important to note that every manufacturer shown adopted WT into new vehicles at a rate
faster than the overall industry-wide data would imply. The industry average represents
both the rate that manufacturers adopted WT and the effect of manufacturers adopting
the technology at different times. Accordingly, the industry average shown in Figure 4.22
does not represent the average pace at which individual manufacturers adopted WT,
which is considerably faster.
Figure 4.23 and Figure 4.24 examine manufacturer specific technology adoption in different
ways, but both figures clearly support the conclusion that some manufacturers have been
able to adopt technology much faster than industry-wide data suggest, and that there is
significant variation in how individual manufacturers have adopted technology.
WT was first tracked in this report for cars in model year 1990 and for trucks in model year
2000. Between model year 1990 and model year 2000, there may be a small number of
trucks with WT that are not accounted for in the data. However, the first trucks with WT
produced in larger volumes (greater than 50,000 vehicles) were produced in model year
1999 and model year 2000, so the discrepancy is not enough to noticeably alter the trends
in the previous figures.
69

-------
Figure 4.24. WT Adoption Details by Manufacturer
FCA
Ford
GM
0
o
'sz

c
CD
o
s—
CD
CL
100%-
75%-
50%-
25%-
0%-
100%-
75%-
50%-
25%-
0%-
100%-
75%-
50%-
25%-
0%-


i
r

I



To
/

Honda
Hyundai


n
¥



\J\l


I



Nissan-Mitsubishi
T oyota
All Manufacturers


i
r

IU,



/




J






(
/



•A
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\




At
4
/



L
J











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LO
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o
~i	ir
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o o
o o o
CM CM CM
nr-
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CM CM
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o
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cm	a>
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CM
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CM
O
CM
Best 1-year increase
Best 3-year increase
Best 5-year increase
Highest
Manufacturer
Fleet Average
Model Year
Technology Adoption in the Last Five Years
Over the last five years, engines and transmissions have continued to evolve and adopt
new technologies. Figure 4.25 shows the penetration of several key technologies in model
year 2012 and the projected penetration for each technology in model year 2017 vehicles.
Over that five-year span, GDI is projected to increase market share by about 27%, CVTs by
more than 10%, and transmissions with seven- or more speeds by more than 18% across
the entire industry. These are large changes taking place across the industry over a
relatively short time. As discussed in the previous section, individual manufacturers are
making technology changes at even faster rates.
70

-------
Figure 4.25. Five-Year Change in Light Duty Vehicle Technology Production
Share
GDI Turbo CD Stop/ Hybrid Diesel Six Seven CVT
Start	speed speed +
There are many factors outside the scope of this report that influence the rate and timing
of when technology is adopted by individual manufacturers (e.g., price, manufacturing
constraints, regulatory drivers, etc.) While no attempt is made here to identify the
underlying causes, it is important to recognize that variation between manufacturers for
given technologies can be masked when only the industry-wide trends are evaluated
Technology adoption by individual manufacturers is often more rapid than the overall
industry trend would suggest. Manufacturers continue to adopt new technologies, and the
penetration of important technologies has grown significantly over the last five years.
71

-------
Table 4.1. Production Share by Engine Technologies
Powertrain
Gasoline
Fuel Delivery Method
Elec-
Avg. No.
of
Multi-
Stop/
Model Year
Gasoline
Hybrid
Diesel
Other
Carb
GDI
Port TBI trie
FCV
Cylinders
CID
HP
Valve
WT
CD Turbo
Start
1975
99.8%
-
0.2%
-
95.7%
-
4.1% 0.0
%
-
6.8
293
137
-
-


-
1980
95.7%
-
4.3%
-
89.7%
-
5.2% 0.8
%
-
5.6
198
104
-
-


-
1985
99.1%
-
0.9%
-
56.1%
-
18.2% 24.8
%
-
5.5
189
114
-
-


-
1990
99.9%
-
0.1%
-
2.1%
-
70.8% 27.0
%
-
5.4
185
135
23.1%
-


-
1995
100.0%
-
0.0%
-
-
-
91.6% 8.4
%
-
5.6
196
158
35.6%
-


-
2000
99.8%
0.0%
0.1%
-
-
-
99.8% 0.0
%
-
5.7
200
181
44.8%
15.0%

1.3%
-
2001
99.7%
0.1%
0.1%
-
-
-
99.9%
-
-
5.8
201
187
49.0%
19.6%

2.0%
-
2002
99.6%
0.2%
0.2%
-
-
-
99.8%
-
-
5.8
203
195
53.3%
25.3%

2.2%
-
2003
99.5%
0.3%
0.2%
-
-
-
99.8%
-
-
5.8
204
199
55.5%
30.6%

1.2%
-
2004
99.4%
0.5%
0.1%
-
-
-
99.9%
-
-
5.9
212
211
62.3%
38.5%

2.3%
-
2005
98.6%
1.1%
0.3%
-
-
-
99.7%
-
-
5.8
205
209
65.6%
45.8%
0.8°/
1.7%
-
2006
98.1%
1.5%
0.4%
-
-
-
99.6%
-
-
5.7
204
213
71.7%
55.4%
3.6°/
2.1%
-
2007
97.7%
2.2%
0.1%
-
-
-
99.8%
-
-
5.6
203
217
71.7%
57.3%
7.3°/
2.5%
-
2008
97.4%
2.5%
0.1%
-
-
2.3%
97.6%
-
-
5.6
199
219
76.4%
58.2%
6.7°/
3.0%
-
2009
97.2%
2.3%
0.5%
-
-
4.2%
95.2%
-
-
5.2
183
208
83.8%
71.5%
7.3°/
3.3%
-
2010
95.5%
3.8%
0.7%
0.0%
-
8.3%
91.0%
-
0.0%
5.3
188
214
85.5%
83.8%
6.4°/
3.3%
-
2011
97.0%
2.2%
0.8%
0.1%
-
15.4%
83.8%
- 0.1%
0.0%
5.4
192
230
86.4%
93.1%
9.5°/
6.8%
-
2012
95.5%
3.1%
0.9%
0.4%
-
22.5%
76.5%
- 0.1%
0.0%
5.1
181
222
91.8%
96.6%
8.1°/
8.4%
0.6%
2013
94.8%
3.6%
0.9%
0.7%
-
30.5%
68.3%
- 0.3%
-
5.1
176
226
92.8%
97.4%
7.7°/
13.9%
2.3%
2014
95.7%
2.6%
1.0%
0.7%
-
37.4%
61.3%
- 0.3%
0.0%
5.1
180
230
89.2%
97.6%
10.6°/
14.8%
5.1%
2015
95.9%
2.4%
0.9%
0.7%
-
41.9%
56.7%
- 0.5%
0.0%
5.0
177
229
91.2%
97.2%
10.5°/
15.7%
7.1%
2016
96.9%
1.8%
0.5%
0.8%
-
48.0%
51.0%
- 0.5%
0.0%
5.0
174
230
92.3%
98.0%
10.4°/
19.9%
9.6%
2017
96.1%
2.3%
0.3%
1.4%
-
49.7%
49.4%
- 0.6%
0.0%
5.0
174
233
91.9%
98.1%
11.9°/
23.4%
17.8%
2018 (prelim)
92.8%
3.6%
0.9%
2.7%
-
50.7%
46.6%
1.8%
0.0%
5.0
169
237
91.7%
95.7%
11.8°A
30.8%
28.3%
72

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Table 4.2, Production Share by Transmission Technologies
Model Year
1975
Manual
23.0%
Automatic
with
Lockup
0.2%
Automatic
without
Lockup
76.8%
CVT
CVT (Non-
(Hybrid) Hybrid)
Other
4 Gears
or
Fewer
99.0%
5
Gears
1.0%
6
Gears
7
Gears
8
Gears
9+
Gears
CVT Ave rage
CVT (Non- No. of
(Hybrid) Hybrid) Gears
1980
34.6%
18.1%
46.8%
-
-
0.5%
87.9%
12.1%
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.5
1985
26.5%
54.5%
19.1%
-
-
-
80.7%
19.3%
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.8
1990
22.2%
71.2%
6.5%
-
0.0%
0.0%
79.9%
20.0%
0.1%
-
-
-
-
0.0%
4.0
1995
17.9%
80.7%
1.4%
-
-
-
82.0%
17.7%
0.2%
-
-
-
-
-
4.1
2000
9.7%
89.5%
0.7%
-
0.0%
-
83.7%
15.8%
0.5%
-
-
-
-
0.0%
4.1
2001
9.0%
90.3%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%
-
80.7%
18.5%
0.7%
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
4.2
2002
8.2%
91.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
-
77.1%
21.6%
1.1%
-
-
-
0.1%
0.1%
4.2
2003
8.0%
90.8%
0.1%
0.3%
0.8%
-
69.2%
28.1%
1.7%
-
-
-
0.3%
0.8%
4.3
2004
6.8%
91.8%
0.3%
0.4%
0.7%
-
63.9%
31.8%
3.0%
0.2%
-
-
0.4%
0.7%
4.4
2005
6.2%
91.5%
0.1%
1.0%
1.3%
-
56.0%
37.3%
4.1%
0.2%
-
-
1.0%
1.3%
4.5
2006
6.5%
90.6%
0.0%
1.5%
1.4%
-
47.7%
39.2%
8.8%
1.4%
-
-
1.5%
1.4%
4.6
2007
5.6%
87.1%
0.0%
2.1%
5.1%
-
40.5%
36.1%
14.4%
1.5%
0.2%
-
2.1%
5.1%
4.8
2008
5.2%
86.8%
0.2%
2.4%
5.5%
-
38.8%
31.9%
19.4%
1.8%
0.2%
-
2.4%
5.5%
4.8
2009
4.8%
85.6%
0.2%
2.1%
7.3%
-
31.2%
32.2%
24.5%
2.5%
0.1%
-
2.1%
7.3%
5.0
2010
3.8%
84.1%
1.2%
3.8%
7.2%
-
24.6%
23.5%
38.1%
2.7%
0.2%
-
3.8%
7.2%
5.2
2011
3.2%
86.5%
0.3%
2.0%
8.0%
-
14.2%
18.7%
52.3%
3.1%
1.7%
-
2.0%
8.0%
5.5
2012
3.6%
83.4%
1.1%
2.7%
9.2%
-
8.1%
18.2%
56.3%
2.8%
2.6%
-
2.7%
9.2%
5.5
2013
3.5%
80.4%
1.4%
2.9%
11.8%
-
5.4%
12.8%
60.1%
2.8%
4.1%
-
2.9%
11.8%
5.6
2014
2.8%
76.7%
1.6%
2.3%
16.6%
-
2.2%
7.8%
58.4%
3.3%
8.4%
1.1%
2.3%
16.6%
5.9
2015
2.6%
72.3%
1.4%
2.2%
21.5%
-
1.5%
4.5%
54.2%
3.1%
9.5%
3.5%
2.2%
21.5%
5.9
2016
2.2%
72.4%
2.6%
1.7%
21.1%
-
1.1%
3.0%
54.9%
2.9%
11.3%
4.1%
1.7%
21.1%
6.0
2017
2.1%
71.5%
2.6%
1.9%
21.9%
-
1.0%
2.4%
49.0%
3.3%
14.6%
5.1%
1.9%
21.9%
6.1
2018 (prelim)
2.5%
71.8%
3.5%
2.6%
19.6%
-
2.1%
2.6%
36.7%
3.5%
18.7%
8.5%
2.6%
19.6%
6.4
73

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Table 43, Production Share by Drive Technology


Car


Truck

Front
Rear
Four
Front
Rear

Wheel
Wheel
Wheel
Wheel
Wheel
Model Year
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
1975
6.5%
93.5%
-
-
82.8%
1980
29.7%
69.4%
0.9%
1.4%
73.6%
1985
61.1%
36.8%
2.1%
7.3%
61.4%
1990
84.0%
15.0%
1.0%
15.8%
52.4%
1995
80.1%
18.8%
1.1%
18.4%
39.3%
2000
80.4%
17.7%
2.0%
20.0%
33.8%
2001
80.3%
16.7%
3.0%
16.3%
34.8%
2002
82.9%
13.5%
3.6%
15.4%
33.1%
2003
80.9%
15.9%
3.2%
15.4%
34.1%
2004
80.2%
14.5%
5.3%
12.5%
31.0%
2005
79.2%
14.2%
6.6%
20.1%
27.7%
2006
75.9%
18.0%
6.0%
18.9%
28.0%
2007
81.0%
13.4%
5.6%
16.1%
28.4%
2008
78.8%
14.1%
7.1%
18.4%
24.8%
2009
83.5%
10.2%
6.3%
21.0%
20.5%
2010
82.5%
11.2%
6.3%
20.9%
18.0%
2011
80.1%
11.3%
8.6%
17.7%
17.3%
2012
83.8%
8.8%
7.5%
20.9%
14.8%
2013
83.0%
9.3%
7.7%
18.1%
14.5%
2014
81.3%
10.6%
8.2%
17.5%
14.2%
2015
80.4%
9.7%
9.9%
16.0%
12.6%
2016
79.8%
9.1%
11.0%
15.8%
12.2%
2017
79.8%
8.3%
11.9%
16.1%
11.0%
2018 (prelim)
76.3%
10.9%
12.8%
14.5%
12.1%
Four
Wheel
Drive
17.2%
25.0%
31.3%
31.8%
42.3%
46.3%
48.8%
51.6%
50.4%
56.5%
52.2%
53.1%
55.5%
56.8%
58.5%
61.0%
65.0%
64.3%
67.5%
68.3%
71.4%
72.0%
72.8%
73.5%
Front
Wheel
Drive
5.3%
25.0%
47.8%
63.8%
57.6%
55.5%
53.8%
52.7%
50.7%
47.7%
53.0%
51.9%
54.3%
54.2%
62.9%
59.6%
53.8%
61.4%
59.7%
55.3%
52.9%
51.2%
49.6%
46.4%
All
Rear
Wheel
Drive
91.4%
70.1%
42.9%
26.1%
26.3%
24.3%
24.2%
22.3%
24.3%
22.4%
20.2%
22.3%
19.6%
18.5%
13.6%
13.7%
13.8%
10.9%
11.1%
12.1%
10.9%
10.5%
9.6%
11.5%
Four
Wheel
Drive
3.3%
4.9%
9.3%
10.1%
16.2%
20.2%
22.0%
25.0%
25.0%
29.8%
26.8%
25.8%
26.1%
27.3%
23.5%
26.7%
32.4%
27.7%
29.1%
32.6%
36.1%
38.3%
40.8%
42.1%
74

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5. Manufacturer GHG Compliance
On May 7, 2010, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) established the first phase of a National Program to
reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve fuel economy for 2012 to 2016
model year light-duty vehicles. On October 15, 2012, EPA and NHTSA established the
second phase of the joint National Program for model years 2017-2025. These standards
apply to passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles. This
section of the report is designed to provide as much information as possible about how the
manufacturers are performing under EPA's GHG program.
The GHG program is a credit-based averaging, banking, and trading (ABT) program that
evaluates every manufacturer's annual performance against increasingly stringent
standards based on the vehicles each manufacturer sells. Credits represent emission
reductions manufacturers achieve by reducing vehicle emissions beyond the standards.
The provisions of the ABT program allow manufacturers to achieve the standards based on
fleet average CO2 emissions (i.e., the standards do not apply to individual vehicles), to bank
credits or deficits for future years, and to trade credits between manufacturers.
Manufacturers demonstrate compliance with the overall program by maintaining a positive
or neutral credit balance.
Averaging, banking and trading have been an important part of many mobile source
programs under the Clean Air Act. These provisions help manufacturers in planning and
implementing the orderly phase-in of emissions reduction technology in their production,
consistent with their unique redesign schedules. EPA believes the net effect of the ABT
provisions is that they allow additional flexibility, encourage earlier introduction of
emission reduction technologies than might otherwise occur, and do so without reducing
the overall effectiveness of the program.
The GHG Program and tU I Ynnpliam r Process
At the end of a model year, each manufacturer must determine its compliance status with
the GHG program, and report compliance data to EPA, as summarized in Figure 5.1. First,
each manufacturer must determine its individual car and truck standards, based on the
footprint and production volumes of the vehicles it produced in that model year. Footprint
- the area enclosed by where the four tires touch the ground - is a measure of vehicle size.
1
75

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Second, manufacturers must determine their model year performance separately for cars
and trucks. For each car/truck fleet, the performance is calculated based on measured CO2
tailpipe emissions and the impact of flexibilities that manufacturers may qualify for and
use. These flexibilities include optional credits for improved air-conditioning systems,
emission reducing technologies that are not accounted for on standard EPA tests,
alternative fuel vehicles, and alternate standards for small volume manufacturers.
Figure 5.1. GHG Program Compliance Process
Calculate

Measure Model Year
Model Year

Performance
Standards

- Tailpipe Emissions



- Flexibilities

'


A	*¦
Credit/Deficit
Balance Carried to
Next Model Year
(ABT provisions)
Update Credit Balance
- Model Year Standards vs Performance
-	Credit Transactions
-	Credit Expirations
	t	
Determine Compliance Status
After determining their standards and performance, manufacturers must determine an
updated credit balance. Each manufacturer must compare their car and truck fleets'
performance to their respective car and truck fleet standards to determine a credit surplus
or shortfall. The model year credit surplus or shortfall for each fleet, any prior credit
balance, and the impact of any credit transactions or expiring credits combine to
determine the manufacturer's updated credit balance.
Finally, manufacturers must determine their compliance status. If a manufacturer ends the
model year with a positive credit balance, they are in compliance with the GHG program,
and their credit balance will be carried forward to the next model year. If a manufacturer
ends the model year with a negative credit balance that they are unable to offset, they are
76

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considered to have a credit deficit. A deficit does not immediately result in non-compliance
with EPA's GHG program. Manufacturers must, however, offset any deficit within three
years after the model year in which it was generated to avoid non-compliance. For
example, a manufacturer with a deficit remaining from model year 2014 after the 2017
model year would be considered out of compliance with the 2014 model year standards.
Manufacturers may not carryforward any credits unless all deficits have been offset.
GHG Compliance and Credit Data
This section includes final compliance data for model years 2009 to 2017. However, credit
transactions can occur between manufacturers at any time, and manufacturers may
submit requests for credits retroactively. The data in this report reflect all credits and
transactions reported to EPA prior to October 31st, 2018. Any additional credit requests or
transactions will be reflected in next year's report. This report includes the most up to date
data for all model years, and therefore supersedes all previous reports.
The GHG program uses two different
metrics to measure CO2 emissions,
per vehicle emission rates measured
in grams per mile (g/mi), and total
vehicle lifetime emissions reductions
measured in megagrams (Mg).
Manufacturer standards, tailpipe
CO2 emissions, and most annual
credits and flexibilities described in
this report are discussed as per
vehicle emission rates in g/mi.
However, the total credit balance of
manufacturers is calculated in Mg to
account for the number of vehicles
produced and the expected lifetime
use of those vehicles, in addition to
manufacturer performance
compared to their standards (see
inset "How to Calculate Vehicle
Lifetime Emission Reductions from a Per-Mile Emission Rate"). Any discussion of
manufacturer total credit balances, credit transactions, and compliance will be in terms of
megagrams or teragrams (Tg) of credits.
How to Calculate Vehicle Lifetime Emission Reductions
from a Per-Mile Emission Rate
In the GHG Program, vehicle lifetime emission reductions
are measured in megagrams (Mg) of CO2, which is 1,000
kilograms, and also known as a metric ton. Emission
reductions in Mg are determined from gram per mile (g/mi)
emission rates, production volume, and expected lifetime
miles. To calculate total Mg of credits the following equation
is used:
Credits [Mg] = ( CO2 x VMT x Production ) / 1,000,000
"CO2" represents a credit in g/mi. "VMT" represents the
total lifetime miles, which is specified in the regulations as
195,264 miles for cars and 225,865 for trucks. "Production"
represents the production volume to which the CO2 credit
applies. To calculate g/mi from Mg:
CO2 [g/mi] = ( Credits[Mg] x 1,000,000) / (VMT x Production )
When using these equations to calculate values for cars and
trucks in aggregate, use a production weighted average of
the car and truck VMT values. For the 2017 model year, the
weighted VMT is 209,789 miles. For convenience, this report
will report credits in Tg (1,000,000 Mg) where appropriate.
77

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Unlike the previous sections, the tailpipe CO2 emission data presented in this section are
compliance data, based on EPA's City and Highway test procedures (referred to as the "2-
cycle" tests). These values should not be compared to the estimated real-world data
throughout the rest of this report. For a detailed discussion of the difference between real-
world and compliance data, see Appendix C.
In addition, four small volume manufacturers have been excluded from this section of the
report. Aston Martin, Ferrari, Lotus, and McLaren have applied for alternative standards
available to small manufacturers, and decisions on these applications remain pending. A
future edition of this report will include data from these companies once EPA makes a final
determination on their requests. As a result, the total fleetwide production volume
reported in this section will be slightly lower than values reported elsewhere in this report.
To download the data presented in this section, and any additional data EPA may make
available, please see the report website: https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends.
Footprint-Based CO2 Standards
At the end of each model year, manufacturers are required to calculate unique CO2
standards for each fleet (cars and trucks) as specified in the regulations. As described
previously, these standards are specific to each manufacturer's car and truck fleet based
on the number of vehicles produced and the vehicle footprints within each fleet.
Manufacturers must calculate new standards each year as the footprint targets become
more stringent, and as their footprint distribution and production change. See Section 3 for
a discussion of the trends in footprint across the industry and the definitions of "car" and
"truck" under the regulations.
The regulations define footprint "curves" that provide a CO2 emissions target for every
vehicle footprint, as shown in Figure 5.2. For example, a car with a footprint of 46 square
feet in model year 2017 (the average car footprint) has a compliance CO2 target of 217
g/mi. This is a target, and not a standard, as there are no footprint-based CO2 emissions
requirements for individual vehicles. The unique CO2 standards for each manufacturer's
car and truck fleets are production-weighted averages of the CO2 target values, as
determined from the curves, for all the unique footprint values of the vehicles within that
fleet. This is an element of the "averaging" approach of the ABT program. Using one
production-weighted average to define a single fleet standard allows for some individual
vehicles to be above that standard, relying on other vehicles below the fleet standard to
achieve compliance.
1
78

-------
The footprint curves for the 2012 and 2017 model years are shown in Figure 5.2. The
targets have gradually decreased (become more stringent) from 2012 to the current 2017
levels, as defined in the regulations. Larger vehicles have higher targets, although the
increases are capped beyond a certain footprint size (i.e., the curves become flat). Trucks
have higher targets than cars of the same footprint in the same model year. Trends in the
overall average footprint value and vehicle type mix, as discussed in Section 3, are thus
important because of the direct impact on the annual GHG standards.
Figure 5.2. 2012-2017 Model Year CO2 Footprint Target Curves
400 -
E
~0) 350 -
CM
O
O
(D 300 -
O
c
cc
Q_
£ 250 -
O
O
200 -
In model year 2017, the average car and truck footprints were about the same as the
previous year, at 46 and 54 square feet, respectively. The industry did continue to move
more towards trucks, as trucks increased their market share by almost three percentage
points. The more stringent model year 2017 targets resulted in a reduction of the car
standard by 12 g/mi and of the truck standard by 1 g/mi. While there is no combined car
and truck standard for regulatory purposes, this report will often calculate one to provide
an overall view of the industry and to allow comparison across manufacturers. Overall, the
effective combined car and truck standard decreased by 5 g/mi from 2016 to 2017.
Jaguar Land Rover and Volvo opted to continue to meet the 2016 model year standards in
2017 under special provisions for intermediate volume manufacturers (less than 50,000
vehicles produced per year). These provisions allow qualifying manufacturers to use an



2012 Truck



~*
»*"
**
~~
2017 Truck




2012 Car




2017 Car















40	50	60	70	80
Footprint (sq ft)
79

-------
alternative compliance schedule that allows them to meet the 2016 model year standards
in the 2017 and 2018 model years, then delay meeting the 2018-2020 standards by one
model year, then finally aligning with the primary standards and other manufacturers in
the 2021 model year. Thus, the standards shown in Table 5.1 for these two manufacturers
reflect the less stringent 2016 model year footprint target curves rather than the 2017
curves.
Table 5.1. Manufacturer Footprint and Standards for Model Year 2017

Footprint (ft2)

Standards (g/mi)
Manufacturer
Car
Truck
All
Car
Truck
All
BMW
46.7
50.6
47.9
221
284
243
BYD Motors
47.9
-
47.9
226
-
226
FCA
47.4
54.1
52.8
225
297
285
Ford
46.9
57.3
52.5
222
308
272
GM
46.6
58.9
53.5
221
315
277
Honda
45.9
49.7
47.1
217
279
240
Hyundai
46.3
49.2
46.5
219
278
223
Jaguar Land Rover
49.0
51.0
50.6
244
287
278
Kia
46.1
50.0
47.2
218
281
237
Mazda
45.5
47.2
46.0
216
268
233
Mercedes
48.5
52.0
50.0
229
290
257
Nissan-Mitsubishi
45.8
51.3
47.6
217
286
243
Subaru
45.1
45.0
45.0
213
258
247
Tesla
53.8
-
53.8
252
-
252
Toyota
45.6
52.6
49.0
216
290
255
VW
45.0
50.2
46.3
213
282
232
Volvo
48.4
51.2
50.0
241
288
270
All Manufacturers
46.2
53.8
49.8
219
295
258
1
80

-------
B. Model Year Performance
After determining their standards for a given model year, manufacturers must determine
the CO2 emissions performance for their car and truck fleets. In this report, we use the
concept of a fleet's "performance" as a useful way to explain how manufacturers' fleets are
performing in comparison to the standards (it is not explicitly part of the regulations).
Model year performance is defined as the average production-weighted tailpipe CO2
emissions of that fleet, adjusted by the net impact of all applicable flexibilities.
issions
The starting point for determining compliance for each manufacturer is their "2-cycle"
tailpipe GHG emissions value. All manufacturers are required to test their vehicles on the
Federal Test Procedure (known as the "City" test) and the Highway Fuel Economy Test (the
"Highway" test). Results from these two tests are combined by weighting the City test by
55% and the Highway test by 45%, to achieve a single combined CO2 value for each vehicle
model. Manufacturers then calculate a sales-weighted average of all the combined
city/highway values for each car and truck fleet. This represents the measured tailpipe CO2
emissions of a fleet without the application of any additional credits or incentives. As
discussed previously in this report, 2-cycle tailpipe CO2 emissions should only be used in
the context of the compliance regulations, and are not the same as and should not be
compared to the estimated real-world values reported in Sections 1-4.
Figure 5.3 shows the 2-cycle tailpipe emissions reported by each manufacturer for the 2012
and 2017 model years, for all vehicles and for car and truck fleets. Companies that produce
solely electric vehicles (Tesla and BYD) are excluded from the figure because they produce
zero tailpipe emissions on the 2-cycle test procedures.
Every manufacturer except Toyota has reduced tailpipe GHG emissions since the program
took effect in model year 2012. Compared to the first year of the program, Jaguar Land
Rover leads manufacturers in both the overall reduction in 2-cycle CO2 emissions (94 g/mi)
and the percentage reduction (22%). Seven manufacturers have reduced tailpipe CO2
emissions by 10-15%, while the remainder produced single digit percentage reductions
since the first year of the program. Overall, tailpipe CO2 emissions of the entire fleet have
been reduced by 19 g/mi, or about 6%, since the 2012 model year. These tailpipe values
should not be directly compared to the manufacturer's standards presented in Table 5.1,
as the standards were created taking into consideration the optional credit opportunities
available to manufacturers, and final fleet performance values will take these credits into
account.
1
81

-------
Figure 5.3. Changes in "2-Cycle" Tailpipe CO2 Emissions, Model Year 2012 to 2017 (g/mi)
Honda -
Mazda
Subaru -
Hyundai -
Nissan- _
Mitsubishi
Kia-
VW -
BMW-
Volvo
Toyota -
Mercedes -
Ford-
GM-
Jaguar
Land Rover
FCA-
All
Manufacturers
200 250 300 350 400 450 200 250 300 350 400 450 200 250 300 350 400 450
45Hjj
Compliance C02 Emissions
All	Car	Truck

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82

-------
Credits for Producing Alternative Fuel Vehicles
EPA's GHG program provides several incentives for dedicated and dual fuel alternative fuel
vehicles. Dedicated alternative fuel vehicles run exclusively on an alternative fuel (e.g.,
compressed natural gas (CNG), electricity). Dual fuel vehicles can run both on an alternative
fuel and on a conventional fuel; the most common is the gasoline-ethanol flexible fuel
vehicle (FFV), which can run on E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline), or on conventional
gasoline. Dual fuel vehicles also include those that use CNG and gasoline, or electricity and
gasoline. This section separately describes three categories of alternative fuel vehicles:
advanced technology vehicles using electricity or hydrogen fuel cells, CNG vehicle, and
FFVs.
Advanced Technology Vehicles
Advanced technology vehicle incentives apply to electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). For the 2012-2016 model years, these
incentives allowed EVs and FCVs to use zero g/mi to characterize their emissions, and
PHEVs to use a zero g/mi value for the portion of operation attributed to the use of grid
electricity (i.e., only emissions from the portion of operation attributed to the gasoline
engine are counted). Use of the zero g/mi option was limited to the first 200,000 qualified
vehicles produced by a manufacturer in the 2012-2016 model years. No manufacturer
reached this limit. In the 2017-2021 model years, manufacturers may continue to use zero
g/mi for these vehicles, without any limits. This incentive is reflected in the 2-cycle
emissions values shown previously.
For model years 2017-2021, there are also temporary incentive "multipliers" for EVs,
PHEVs, FCVs, and CNG vehicles. Multipliers allow manufacturers to count these vehicles as
more than one vehicle in their fleet average emissions calculations. For example, the 2.0
multiplier for 2017 model year EVs allows a manufacturer to count every EV produced as
two EVs, thus doubling the impact of their EV production. The multipliers established by
rulemaking are shown in Table 5.2
83

-------
Table 5.2. Production Multipliers by Model Year
Model
Year
Electric Vehicles and Fuel Cell
Vehicles
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles,
Dedicated Natural Gas Vehicles,
and Dual-Fuel Natural Gas
Vehicles
2017
2.0
1.6
2018
2.0
1.6
2019
2.0
1.6
2020
1.75
1.45
2021
1.5
1.3
Figure 5.4. Model Year 2017 Production of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs
60-
o 40-
c
o
"G
"O
o
0-




¦
¦I
1
ll
¦
¦
1
Electric Vehicle/Fuel Cell Vehicle (2.Ox multiplier)
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (1.6x multiplier)
84

-------
Figure 5.4 shows the 2012-2017 production volume of vehicles qualifying for the zero g/mi
incentive. More than 230,000 EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs were produced in the 2017 model year;
55% of which were PHEVs with a multiplier of 1.6, and the remaining 45% were EVs and
FCVs with a multiplier of 2.0. Since the 2012 model year, production of advanced
technology vehicles has increased almost fivefold, with virtually every manufacturer
offering something in this category of vehicles. Most are EVs and PHEVs; only a very small
fraction are FCVs. Figure 4.13 in the previous section shows the overall trends in EVs,
PHEVs, and FCVs.
EPA and NHTSA received a joint petition from the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
and the Association of Global Automakers on June 20, 2016 regarding aspects of the CAFE
and GHG programs. Item 8 of the petition, titled "Correct the Multiplier for BEVs, PHEVs,
FCVs, and CNGs," notes that "the equation through which the number of earned credits is
calculated is inaccurately stated in the regulations" and that credits would be inadvertently
lost due to the error. Agreeing with the automaker petition, EPA proposed to modify the
regulations to correctly calculate the multiplier-based credits in a notice of proposed
rulemaking (NPRM) published on October 1, 2018.
EPA will not prejudge the outcome of an ongoing regulatory process, therefore this report
is unable to include official multiplier-based credits for manufacturers until the rulemaking
process is completed. However, for the purposes of this report, and to represent the
multiplier-based credits fairly and consistently across manufacturers, we include a
preliminary determination of multiplier-based credits for each manufacturer with
qualifying vehicles. These preliminary credits were determined using the methodology
proposed in the October 2018 NPRM and should be viewed only as unofficial estimates.
Official values will be included in a future edition of this report after regulations are
finalized.
The multiplier-based credits are dependent on the type of advanced technology vehicle
and the proportion of a manufacturer's fleet made up of qualifying vehicles. Figure 5.5
shows the estimated multiplier-based credits, in g/mi, for each manufacturer. About 5% of
BMW's model year 2017 production was EVs and PHEVs, giving the company a benefit of
5.5 g/mi (i.e., effectively reducing their fleet performance by 5.5 g/mi). General Motors,
through the success of the Chevrolet Volt and Chevrolet Bolt, which collectively made up
almost 2.5% of GM's fleet, established a multiplier-based benefit of 3.1 g/mi. The
companies that make solely EVs - BYD and Tesla - are shown separately in Figure 5.5
because of the disproportionate credit values for these companies.
85

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Figure 5.5. Model Year 2017 Advanced Technology Credits by Manufacturer
All Manufacturers
Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles
There were no CNG vehicles subject to the GHG standards in the 2017 model year. The
Honda Civic CNG was the only CNG vehicle produced for general purchase by consumers
during the first phase of EPA's GHG program, and it was only available in the 2012-2014
model years. In the 2015 and 2016 model years, Quantum Technologies offered a dual fuel
(CNG and gasoline) version of GM's Chevrolet Impala through an agreement with GM, but
none were produced in the 2017 model year.
Gasoline-Ethanol Flexible Fuel Vehicles
For the 2012 to 2015 model years, FFVs could earn GHG credits corresponding to the fuel
economy credits under CAFE. For both programs, it was assumed that FFVs operated half
of the time on each fuel. The GHG credits were based on the arithmetic average of
alternative fuel and conventional fuel CO2 emissions. Further, to fully align the GHG credit
with the CAFE program, the CO2 emissions measurement on the alternative fuel was
multiplied by 0.15. The 0.15 factor was used because, under the CAFE program's
86

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implementing statutes, a gallon of alternative fuel is deemed to contain 0.15 gallons of
gasoline fuel, and the E85 fuel economy is divided by 0.15 before being averaged with the
gasoline fuel economy.
Starting in model year 2016, GHG compliance values for FFVs are based on the actual
emissions performance of the FFV on each fuel, weighted by EPA's assessment of the actual
use of these fuels in FFVs. A 2014 guidance letter defined an "F factor" of 0.14 to use when
weighting E85 and gasoline CO2 emissions for the 2016-2018 model years FFVs; this
reflects EPA's estimate that FFVs would be operating 14% of the time on E85. This approach
is comparable to the "utility factor" method used to weight gasoline and electricity for
PHEVs, which projects the percentage of miles that a PHEV will drive using electricity based
on how many miles a fully-charged PHEV can drive using grid electricity.
FFVs can still represent a CO2 emissions benefit, and can help to lower the emissions of a
manufacturer's fleet, but the overall impact is significantly diminished. Because the FFV
values now incorporate the slightly lower CO2 emissions when operating on E85 (typically
1 -3% lower than on gasoline), and a realistic rate of E85 fuel use, the benefit from FFVs is
no longer of the same magnitude that it was through the 2015 model year. Thus, we are no
longer illustrating a g/mi benefit to manufacturers specific to producing FFVs. The impact of
E85, a lower-GHG fuel than gasoline, is inseparable from, and built into, the 2-cycle
emissions described earlier.
Most manufacturers focused their FFV production in the truck segment, with trucks making
up almost 75% of all FFV production in the 2017 model year. Only Nissan-Mitsubishi
increased FFV production relative to the previous model year, after producing no FFVs in
the 2016 model year. All others reduced their production of FFVs, down 13% relative to
model year 2016 and reaching a low since the start of the program in model year 2012.
Total FFV production in model year 2017 was down by almost 60% relative to model year
2014, the peak year for FFV production. FFV production is shown in Figure 5.6. The credit
impact of those FFV credits is shown in Figure 5.7.
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Figure 5.6. Production of FFVs, Model Year 2012-2017
3,000
2,500
2,000
O 1,500-
P 1,000-
Car
Truck
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Model Year
Figure 5.7. FFV Credits by Model Year
10.0
O 2.5
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Model Year
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Credits for Improved Air Condition!.!	;
Almost all new cars and light trucks in the United States are equipped with air conditioning
(A/C) systems. There are two mechanisms by which A/C systems contribute to the
emissions of greenhouse gases: through leakage of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants
(i.e., "direct" emissions) and through the combustion of fuel to provide mechanical power
to the A/C system (i.e., "indirect" emissions). The EPA 2-cycle compliance tests do not
measure either A/C refrigerant leakage or the increase in tailpipe emissions attributable to
the additional engine load of A/C systems. Thus, the GHG emission regulations include a
provision that allows manufacturers to earn optional credits for implementing technologies
that reduce either type of A/C-related emissions.
Air Conditioning Leakage Credits
The high global warming potential (GWP)14 of the current predominant automotive
refrigerant, HFC-134a, means that leakage of a small amount of refrigerant will have a far
greater impact on global warming than emissions of a similar volume of CO2. The impacts
of refrigerant leakage can be reduced significantly by using systems with leak-tight
components, by using a refrigerant with a lower GWP, or by implementing both
approaches.
A manufacturer choosing to generate A/C leakage credits is required to calculate a leakage
"score" for the specific A/C system. This score is based on the number, performance, and
technology of the components, fittings, seals, and hoses of the A/C system and is calculated
as refrigerant emissions in grams per year, using the procedures specified by the SAE
Surface Vehicle Standard J2727. The score is converted to a g/mi credit value based on the
GWP of the refrigerant, then the g/mi value is used to determine the total tons of credits
based on the production volume of the vehicles employing that A/C system.
In the 2012 model year, all leakage credits were based on improvements to the A/C system
components (e.g., O-rings, seals, valves, and fittings). In the 2013 model year, GM and
Honda introduced vehicles using HFO-1234yf, which has an extremely low global warming
potential (GWP) of 4, as compared to a GWP of 1430 for HFC-134a. In the four model years
since, use has expanded to ten manufacturers and almost 40% of the fleet. BMW and
Jaguar Land Rover have now fully implemented HFO-1234yf across their fleets, and FCA's
adoption is at 85% of their 2017 model year fleet. Ford, GM, and Honda have exceeded
14 The global warming potential (GWP) represents how much a given mass of a chemical contributes to global
warming over a given time period compared to the same mass of CO2. The GWP of CO2 is 1.0.
89

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50% adoption of HFO-1234yf across their fleets. As a result, the overall fleet generated
about 12.5 Tg more CO2 credits than it would have using solely HFC-134a, which is
equivalent to a 3.5 g/mi reduction in CO2 emissions for the entire 2017 model year fleet.
The growth in usage of HFO-1234yf is illustrated in Figure 5.8.
Figure 5.8. HFO-1234yf Adoption by Manufacturer
6,000-
o
§ 4,000-
c
o
o
=3
"O
o
2,000-
0-
2013 2014 2015 2016
Model Year
2017
BMW
I FCA
Ford
GM
Honda
Hyundai
Jaguar Land Rover
Kia
Subaru
| Toyota
I VW
Fourteen manufacturers reported A/C leakage credits in the 2017 model year. These
manufacturers reported more than 32 Tg of A/C leakage credits in 2017, accounting for
GHG reductions of 9 g/mi across the 2017 vehicle fleet.
Air Conditioning Efficiency Credits
The A/C system also contributes to increased tailpipe CO2 emissions through the additional
work required by the engine to operate the compressor, fans, and blowers. This power
demand is ultimately met by using additional fuel, which is converted into CO2 by the
engine during combustion and exhausted through the tailpipe. Increasing the overall
90

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efficiency of an A/C system reduces the additional load on the engine from A/C operation,
and thereby leads to a reduction in fuel consumption and a commensurate reduction in
GHG emissions.
Most of the additional load on the engine from A/C systems comes from the compressor,
which pressurizes the refrigerant and pumps it around the system loop. A significant
additional load may also come from electric or hydraulic fans, which move air across the
condenser, and from the electric blower, which moves air across the evaporator and into
the cabin. Manufacturers have several options for improving efficiency, including more
efficient compressors, fans, and motors, and system controls that avoid over-chilling the air
(and subsequently re-heating it to provide the desired air temperature). For vehicles
equipped with automatic climate-control systems, real-time adjustment of several aspects
of the overall system can result in improved efficiency.
The regulations provide manufacturers with a "menu" of A/C system technologies and
associated credit values (in g/mi of CO2), some of which are described above. These credits
are capped at 5.7 g/mi for all vehicles in the 2012-2016 model years, and at 5.0 and 7.2
g/mi for cars and trucks, respectively, in the 2017 and later model years. The total tons of
credits are then based on the total volume of vehicles in a model year using these
technologies.
Fifteen manufacturers used the A/C credit provisions—leakage reductions, efficiency
improvements, or both—as part of their compliance demonstration in the 2017 model
year. These manufacturers reported a total of more than 16 Tg of A/C efficiency credits in
the 2017 model year, accounting for about 4.5 g/mi across the 2017 fleet. Manufacturers
were also allowed to generate A/C efficiency credits in the 2009-2011 model years (see the
discussion of early credits in Section 5.C).
Air Conditioning Credit Summary
A summary of the A/C leakage and efficiency credits reported by the industry for all model
years, including the early credit program years, is shown in Figure 5.9. Leakage credits have
been more prevalent than efficiency credits, but both credit types are growing in use.
Figure 5.10 shows the benefit of A/C credits, translated from teragrams to grams per mile,
for each manufacturer's fleet for the 2017 model year.
Jaguar Land Rover had the highest reported credit on a per vehicle g/mi basis, at 23 g/mi.
Thus, A/C credits are the equivalent of about a 7% reduction from tailpipe emissions for
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Jaguar Land Rover. BMW was also at about 7%, and several manufacturers were between
3-6%. Mazda was the only manufacturer not using the optional A/C credit program.
Figure 5.9. Fleetwide A/C Credits by Credit Type
50
40
30
20
10
0-
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Model Year
Credit Source
A/C Efficiency
| A/C Leakage
4jM]
¦m

-------
Figure 5.10. Total A/C Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017
20
E 15
3
w
£
o 10
CD
X
o
5-
0-
<9
Credit Source
A/C Efficiency
I A/C Leakage
0 ^
V
/

-------
Off Cycle Credits Based on the Menu
The first pathway to generating off-cycle credits is for a manufacturer to install
technologies from a predetermined list or "menu" of technologies preapproved by EPA. The
off-cycle credit menu provides specific credit values, or the calculation method for such
values, for each technology.15 Technologies from the menu may be used beginning in
model year 2014. This pathway allows manufacturers to use conservative credit values
established by EPA for a wide range of off-cycle technologies, with minimal data submittal
or testing requirements.
The amount of credit awarded varies for each technology and between cars and trucks. The
impact of credits from this pathway on a manufacturer's fleet is capped at 10 g/mi,
meaning that any single vehicle might accumulate more than 10 g/mi, but the cumulative
effect on a single manufacturer's fleet may not exceed a credit of more than 10 g/mi. The
regulations clearly define each technology and any requirements that apply for the
technology to generate credits. Figure 5.11 shows the adoption of menu technologies, by
manufacturer. These credits were widely used in model year 2017, with more than 90% of
off-cycle credits generated via the menu pathway. Each of these technologies is discussed
below.
Active Aerodynamics
Active aerodynamics refers to technologies which are automatically activated to improve
the aerodynamics of a vehicle under certain conditions. These include grill shutters and
spoilers, which allow air to flow over and around the vehicle more efficiently, and
suspension systems that improve air flow at higher speeds by reducing the height of the
vehicle. Credits are variable and based on the measured improvement in the coefficient of
drag, a test metric that reflects the efficiency of airflow around a vehicle.
Most manufacturers implemented at least some level of active aerodynamics on their
model year 2017 vehicles. Ford had the highest implementation, at nearly 80% of all new
vehicles, and realized the greatest CO2 reduction of just over 1 g/mi. Overall, almost 30% of
new vehicles qualified for these credits, reducing overall fleet CO2 emissions by 0.3 g/mi.
15 See 40CFR 86.1869-12(b).
94

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Figure 5.11. Off-Cycle Menu Technology Adoption by Manufacturer
BMW -
FCA -
Ford -
GM -
Honda -
Hyundai -
Jaguar
Land Rover
Kia -
Mercedes -
Nissan-
Mitsubishi
Subaru -
Tesla -
Toyota -
Volvo -
VW-
All
Manufacturers
9% 100%
36%
7%
13% 97% 90%
21% 100% 33%
0% 19% 100% 98% 17% 29%
10% 90%
100% 100%
5%
30%
4%	42%
10% 89%
49%	100% 76%
9%	99%
16%	45%
8%	64%



16%

42%	5%	100%
2% 71% 32% 24%	62%
8% 32% 41% 38%	62%
24%	90%
7%	97%
20%
1% 37% 3% 57%
100% 100%
4% 50% 6% 81%
98%



A
[% 27% 58% 2








100%
26% 98% 87% 28% 37%
15%
8% 55%
82%
100%
16% 64%
100% 100%
22% 57% 28% 20% 78%
~r
2% 15% 78% 44% 11% 30% 29% 17% 74%
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. ~ cP* *
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0%
0%
S
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0
f y
\vy
/
Credit Type
• Active Aerodynamic Improvements	• Engine Idle Start Stop
Thermal Control Technologies High Efficiency Lighting
Active Warmup	• Solar Panels
95

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Thermal Control Technologies
Thermal control systems help to maintain a comfortable air temperature of the vehicle
interior, without the use of the A/C system. These technologies subsequently lower the
load on the A/C system, the amount of fuel required to run the A/C system, and
subsequently lowering GHG tailpipe emissions. The thermal control technologies included
in the off-cycle menu are:
•	Active and passive cabin ventilation - Active systems use mechanical means to
vent the interior, while passive systems rely on ventilation through convective air
flow. Credits available for this technology range from 1.7 to 2.8 g/mi.
•	Active seat ventilation - These systems move air through the seating surface,
transferring heat away from the vehicle occupants. Credits are 1.0 g/mi for cars
and 1.3 g/mi for trucks.
•	Glass or glazing - Credits are available for glass or glazing technologies that
reduce the total solar transmittance through the glass, thus reducing the heat
from the sun that reaches the occupants. The credits are calculated based on
the measured solar transmittance through the glass and on the total area of
glass on the vehicle.
•	Solar reflective surface coating - Credits are available for solar reflective surface
coating (e.g., paint) that reflects at least 65% of the infrared solar energy. Credits
are 0.4 g/mi for cars and 0.5 g/mi for trucks.
Active seat ventilation was used by many manufacturers and the rate of implementation
jumped from about five percent in model year 2016 to almost 15% in model year 2017.
Jaguar Land Rover remained the leader in adopting active seat ventilation, with
implementation on half of their vehicles (this is consistent with this technology being
largely limited to luxury brands or models).
As was the case in the previous model year, there was significant penetration of glass or
glazing technology across manufacturers, with a majority reporting this technology on
more than 50% of their vehicles, and seven manufacturers approaching a 100%
implementation rate. Three-quarters of the 2017 model year fleet was equipped with glass
or glazing technologies, resulting in a fleetwide GHG reduction of 2.1 g/mi. Four
manufacturers - FCA, GM, Jaguar Land Rover, and Toyota - achieved reductions of more
than 3 g/mi from this technology group, largely from their use of glass and cabin
ventilation technologies.
96

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Due to the likelihood of synergistic effects among the various thermal technologies, the
total per-vehicle credit allowed from this technology group is capped at 3.0 g/mi for cars
and 4.3 g/mi for trucks. Because this category of credits is capped, the actual credits
attributable to each technology in this category cannot be accurately summarized. For
example, credits for a car with active cabin ventilation (2.1 g/mi), active seat ventilation (1.0
g/mi), and reflective paint (0.4 g/mi) would total to 3.5 g/mi, thus exceeding the cap by 0.5
g/mi. Credits for this car would have to be truncated at 3.0 g/mi, and there is no non-
arbitrary methodology to assign that 3.0 g/mi to the array of technologies involved.
Therefore, this report can only detail the credits derived from the overall category, but not
from the individual technologies in the category.
Active Engine and Transmission Warmup
Active engine and transmission warmup systems use heat from the vehicle that would
typically be wasted (exhaust heat, for example) to warm up key elements of the engine,
allowing a faster transition to more efficient operation. An engine or transmission at its
optimal operating temperature minimizes internal friction, and thus operates more
efficiently and reduces tailpipe CO2 emissions. Systems that use a single heat-exchanging
loop that serves both transmission and engine warmup functions are eligible for either
engine or transmission warmup credits, but not both. Active engine and transmission
warmup technologies are each worth up to 1.5 g/mi for cars and 3.2 g/mi for trucks.
Most manufacturers adopted warmup technologies for their engines, transmissions, or
both. FCA employed active engine warmup in more than 70% of its new vehicles and active
transmission warmup in about one third, resulting in an aggregate CO2 reduction for their
fleet of about 3.4 g/mi. Honda led manufacturers in installing active transmission warmup
technology, which appeared on 90% of its new vehicles, contributing to a benefit from
warmup technologies for Honda of about 2.1 g/mi. Overall each of these technologies was
installed in about 30% of all new vehicles, resulting in a CO2 reduction of about 1.4 g/mi
across the 2017 model year fleet.
Engine Idle Stop/Start
Engine idle stop/start systems allow the engine to turn off when the vehicle is at a stop
(e.g., at a stoplight), automatically restarting the engine when the driver releases the brake
and/or applies pressure to the accelerator. If equipped with a switch to disable the system,
EPA must determine that the predominant operating mode of the system is the "on" setting
(defaulting to "on" every time the key is turned on is one basis for such a determination).
Thus, some vehicles with these systems are not eligible for credits. Credits range from 1.5
97

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to 4.4 g/mi and depend on whether the system is equipped with an additional technology
that, at low ambient temperatures, allows heat to continue to be circulated to the vehicle
occupants when the engine is off during a stop-start event.
The implementation of stop/start has been increasing rapidly, as discussed in Section 4,
which aggregates and reports on these systems regardless of the regulatory eligibility for
credits. Almost 17% of new vehicles qualified for and claimed this credit, resulting in a
fleetwide CO2 reduction of about 0.6 g/mi. Jaguar Land Rover and Volvo claimed start/stop
credits on 100% of their vehicles in model year 2017 providing these manufacturers with
CO2 reductions of near 4 g/mi. Other manufacturers have not come close to this adoption
rate, with Ford being the closest at almost 40%.
High Efficiency Exterior Lights
High efficiency lights (e.g., LEDs) reduce the total electric demand, and thus the fuel
consumption and related GHG emissions, of a lighting system in comparison to
conventional incandescent lighting. Credits are based on the specific lighting locations,
ranging from 0.06 g/mi for turn signals and parking lights to 0.38 g/mi for low beams. The
total of all lighting credits summed from all lighting locations may not exceed 1.0 g/mi.
Unlike some other off-cycle technologies, safety regulations require that all vehicles must
be equipped with lights, and the popularity of high efficiency lights across manufacturers
may reflect that lighting improvements are relatively straightforward to implement. All
manufacturers reporting off-cycle credits indicated implementation on at least half of their
fleet, with several manufacturers at or near 100% implementation. More than 70% of new
vehicles used high efficiency lighting in some form in model year 2017, reducing fleetwide
CO2 emissions by about 0.25 g/mi.
Solar Panels
Vehicles that use batteries for propulsion, such as electric, plug-in hybrid electric, and
hybrid vehicles may receive credits for solar panels that are used to charge the battery
directly or to provide power directly to essential vehicle systems (e.g., heating and cooling
systems). Credits are based on the rated power of the solar panels. Nissan-Mitsubishi was
the only company to claim this credit in model year 2017, and only for a very small number
of vehicles.
As shown in Table 5.3, manufacturers are using a mix of off-cycle menu technologies,
though each uses and benefits from the individual technologies to differing degrees.
98

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Table 5.3. Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from the Menu, by
Manufacturer and Technology (g/mi)

Active
Active
Active

Engine
High

Total

Aero-
Engine
Trans
Thermal
Start-
Efficiency
Solar
Menu
Manufacturer
dynamics
Warmup
Warmup
Controls
Stop
Lighting
Panel
Credits
BMW
0.1
1.2
-
2.4
0.1
0.7
-
4.6
FCA
0.3
2.2
1.0
3.6
1.0
0.1
-
8.2
Ford
1.0
0.8
1.0
2.5
1.3
0.2
-
6.8
GM
0.5
0.6
-
3.4
0.6
0.4
-
5.5
Honda
0.1
0.2
1.9
0.6
0.2
0.3
-
3.3
Hyundai
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.8
0.0
0.1
-
1.6
Jaguar Land








Rover
0.3
-
-
3.2
4.0
0.7
-
8.2
Kia
0.0
0.1
1.0
1.1
0.1
0.1
-
2.4
Mercedes
-
-
-
1.0
-
0.7
-
1.7
Nissan-








Mitsubishi
0.1
0.5
1.2
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
2.9
Subaru
0.2
-
-
-
-
0.3
-
0.5
Tesla
1.5
-
-
3.0
-
0.8
-
5.2
Toyota
0.0
1.1
-
3.2
0.6
0.2
-
5.1
Volkswagen
0.0
1.0
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.4
-
3.4
Volvo
-
-
-
0.2
3.7
0.9
-
4.7
All








Manufacturers
0.3
0.8
0.7
2.1
0.6
0.3
0.0
4.7
Off-Cycle Credits Based on 5-Cycle Testing
In cases where additional laboratory testing can demonstrate emission benefits, a second
pathway allows manufacturers to use a broader array of emission tests (known as "5-cycle"
testing because the methodology uses five different testing procedures) to demonstrate
and justify off-cycle CO2 credits.16 The additional emission tests allow emission benefits to
be demonstrated over some elements of real-world driving not captured by the GHG
compliance tests, including high speeds, rapid accelerations, and cold temperatures.
Credits determined according to this methodology do not undergo additional public
review.
GM is the only manufacturer to have requested off-cycle credits based on 5-cycle testing.
These credits are for an auxiliary electric pump used on certain GM gasoline-electric hybrid
16 See 40CFR 86.1869-12(c).
99

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vehicles to keep engine coolant circulating in cold weather while the vehicle is stopped and
the engine is off. This enables the engine stop-start system to turn off the engine more
often during cold weather, while maintaining a comfortable temperature inside the vehicle.
GM received off-cycle credits during the early credits program for equipping hybrid full size
pick-up trucks equipped with this technology and has since applied the technology to
several other vehicles in subsequent model years, including 2017. However, the production
volume of these vehicles, and the impact of this credit, has been low.
Off-Cycle Credits Based on an Alternative Methodology
This third pathway for off-cycle technology credits allows manufacturers to seek EPA
approval to use an alternative methodology for determining the off-cycle technology CO2
credits.17 This option is only available if the benefit of the technology cannot be adequately
demonstrated using the 5-cycle methodology. Manufacturers may also use this option for
model years prior to 2014 to demonstrate CO2 reductions for technologies that are on the
off-cycle menu, or reductions that exceed those available via use of the menu. The
regulations require that EPA seek public comment on and publish each manufacturer's
application for credits sought using this pathway. Eight manufacturers have petitioned for
and been granted credits using this pathway, five of which reported credits in the 2017
model year for two technologies.18
In the fall of 2013, Mercedes requested off-cycle credits for the following off-cycle
technologies in use or planned for implementation in the 2012-2016 model years: stop-
start systems, high-efficiency lighting, infrared glass glazing, and active seat ventilation. EPA
approved methodologies for Mercedes to determine these off-cycle credits in September
2014.
Subsequently, FCA, Ford, and GM requested off-cycle credits under this pathway, which EPA
approved in September 2015. FCA and Ford submitted applications for off-cycle credits
from high efficiency exterior lighting, solar reflective glass/glazing, solar reflective paint,
and active seat ventilation. Ford's application also demonstrated off-cycle benefits from
active aerodynamic improvements (grill shutters), active transmission warm-up, active
engine warm-up technologies, and engine idle stop-start. GM's application described the
real-world benefits of an A/C compressor made by Denso with variable crankcase suction
17	See 40CFR 86.1869-12(d).
18	EPA maintains a web page on which we publish the manufacturers' applications for these credits, the
relevant Federal Register notices, and the EPA decision documents. See https://www.epa.gov/vehicle-and-
enginecertification/compliance-information-light-dutv-greenhouse-gas-ghg-standards.
3

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valve technology. EPA approved the credits for FCA, Ford, and GM in September of 2015.
EPA approved additional credits under this pathway in January of 2017 for BMW, Ford, GM,
and Volkswagen, and later for Hyundai. In December 2016, EPA approved a methodology
for determining credits from high-efficiency alternators that Ford had applied for in 2016.
EPA subsequently approved high-efficiency alternator credits also for FCA, GM, and Toyota.
High efficiency alternators use new technologies that reduce the overall load on the engine
while continuing to meet the electrical demands of the vehicle systems, resulting in lower
fuel consumption and lower CO2 emissions.
Most of the approved credits have been for previous model years, and thus are not
included in the detailed reporting for the 2017 model year in this section. Credit balances
have been updated to include retroactive credits that have been reported to EPA, and any
relevant tables that include data from previous model years will reflect the addition of
these credits. Table 5.5 shows the impact of the credits submitted for the Denso SAS
compressor and high-efficiency alternators. On a total fleetwide basis, the aggregated
credit is less than 0.5 g/mi.
Table 5,4. Model Yew •»' < Cycle Technology Credits from /Vernative
Methodology, by Manufacturer and Technology (g/mi)
Total Alternative
Denso SAS A/C	High-Efficiency	Methodology
Manufacturer	Compressor	Alternator	Credits
FCA
-
0.5
0.5
Ford
-
0.6
0.6
GM
0.7
0.5
1.2
Hyundai
0.2
-
0.2
Toyota
0.2
0.1
0.3
All Manufacturers
0.2
0.2
0.4
Off-Cycle Credit Summary
On average, the industry achieved almost 5 g/mi of off-cycle credits in model year 2017.
About 90% of those credits were claimed using technologies, and credit definitions, on the
off-cycle menu. The remaining credits were due almost entirely to manufacturer submitted
alternative methodologies. Only a very small number of credits (GM) were created through
the 5-cycle testing pathway. Figure 5.12 shows the average number of credits, in g/mi, that
each manufacturer achieved in model year 2017. FCA led the way with the highest average
1

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off-cycle credits, followed closelyjaguar Land Rover, Ford, and GM. Most manufacturers
achieved at least some off-cycle credits, although Mazda, and BYD did not report any off-
cycle credits for model year 2017.
Figure 5.12. Total Off-Cycle Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017
Non-Menu credits
Menu Credits
Alternative Standards for Methane and Nitrous Oxide
As part of the EPA GHG Program, EPA set emission standards for methane (CbU) and
nitrous oxide (N2O) at 0.030 g/mi for CbUand 0.010 g/mi for N2O. Current levels of CH4 and
N2O emissions are generally well below these established standards, however the caps
were set to prevent future increases in emissions.
There are three different ways for a manufacturer to demonstrate compliance with these
standards. First, manufacturers may submit test data as they do for all other non-GHG
emission standards; this option is used by most manufacturers. Because there are no
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credits or deficits involved with this approach, and there are no consequences with respect
to the CO2 fleet average calculation, the manufacturers are not required to submit this data
as part of their GHG reporting. Hence, this GHG compliance report does not include
information from manufacturers using this option.
The second option for manufacturers is to include CH4 and N2O, on a C02-equivalent basis,
when calculating their fleet average performance values, in lieu of demonstrating
compliance with the regulatory caps. This method directly accounts for CH4 and N2O,
increasing the performance value of a manufacturer's fleets, while the standards remain
unchanged. Analyses of emissions data have shown that use of this option may add
approximately 3 g/mi to a manufacturer's fleet average. Only Subaru chose to use this
approach in the 2017 model year.
The third option for complying with the CH4 and N2O standards allows manufacturers to
propose an alternative, less stringent CH4 and/or N2O standard for any vehicle that may
have difficulty meeting the specific standards. However, manufacturers that use this
approach must also calculate a deficit (in Megagrams) based on the less stringent
standards and on the production volumes of the vehicles to which those standards apply.
Eight manufacturers made use of the flexibility offered by this approach in the 2017 model
year. In aggregate, the industry created a deficit of about 0.5 Tg due to this approach.
Alternative Standards for Small Volume Manufacturers
EPA established the Temporary Lead-time Allowance Alternative Standards (TLAAS) to
assist manufacturers with limited product lines that may be especially challenged in the
early years of EPA's GHG program. The TLAAS program was established to provide
additional lead-time for manufacturers with narrow product offerings which may not be
able to take full advantage of averaging or other program flexibilities due to the limited
scope of the types of vehicles they sell. This program was only available during the 2012-
2015 model years and is only shown in historic data.
Summ	fanufacturer Performance
Each of the flexibilities described here have been used by manufacturers as part of their
compliance strategies under the GHG program. As described above, the availability of
these flexibilities, and the magnitude of their impact, has varied both by manufacturer and
model year. Table 5.5 through Table 5.10 below detail the impact of these flexibilities by
manufacturer for model year 2017, and for the industry as a whole over the course of the
GHG Program.
103

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Table 5.5, Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2C<*s \ A.' n,


Credits


ch4&


2-Cycle


Off-
n2o
Performance
Manufacturer
Tailpipe
FFV TLA AS A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
Value
BMW
272
19.8
5.5
4.6
0.2
242
BYD Motors
0
-
226.2
-
-
-226
FCA
337
20.8
0.8
8.7
0.1
307
Ford
310
16.7
1.0
7.4
0.8
286
GM
313
17.9
3.1
6.7
0.1
285
Honda
234
13.7
0.3
3.3
-
217
Hyundai
245
6.5
0.3
1.8
-
237
Jaguar Land






Rover
332
23.2
-
8.2
-
301
Kia
260
10.8
0.8
2.4
-
246
Mazda
235
-
-
-
0.3
235
Mercedes
306
12.3
1.1
1.7
-
291
Nissan-






Mitsubishi
256
7.7
1.2
2.9
0.0
244
Subaru
242
10.6
-
0.5
-
231
Tesla
0
7.3
252.0
6.5
-
-266
Toyota
276
10.3
1.3
5.4
0.1
259
VW
266
10.0
1.0
3.4
0.0
252
Volvo
273
11.6
2.1
4.7
-
254
All






Manufacturers
283
13.7
2.0
5.1
0.2
263
Table 5,6, Indus* % '^rformance by Model a. » )




Credits


ch4&


2-Cycle




Off-
n2o
Performance
Model Year
Tailpipe
FFV
TLA AS
A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
Value
2012
302
8.1
0.6
6.1
-
0.9
0.2
287
2013
294
7.8
0.5
6.9
-
1.0
0.3
278
2014
294
8.9
0.2
8.4
-
2.8
0.2
274
2015
286
6.4
0.3
9.4
-
2.9
0.2
267
2016
285
-
-
10.1
-
3.1
0.1
271
2017
283
-
-
13.7
2.0
5.1
0.2
263
104

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Table 5.7, Manufacturer Performance in Modrl Year 2017, Car (g/mi)
Credits
CH4&

2-Cycle



Off-
n2o
Manufacturer
Tailpipe
FFV TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
BMW
251
-
18.4
6.7
3.5
0.1
BYD Motors
0
-
-
226.2
-
-
FCA
291
-
16.7
3.4
3.4
0.0
Ford
259
-
15.0
2.5
4.7
0.2
GM
239
-
12.9
7.8
5.3
0.0
Honda
209
-
10.5
0.5
2.0
-
Hyundai
238
-
6.4
0.3
1.5
-
Jaguar Land






Rover
291
-
18.8
-
5.6
-
Kia
232
-
10.3
1.2
2.0
-
Mazda
222
-
-
-
-
0.2
Mercedes
269
-
11.0
1.9
1.1
-
Nissan-






Mitsubishi
225
-
6.9
1.9
2.0
0.1
Subaru
243
-
6.9
-
0.5
-
Tesla
0
-
7.3
252.0
6.5
-
Toyota
222
-
7.6
2.8
3.6
0.1
VW
246
-
9.0
1.1
2.4
0.0
Volvo
249
-
9.4
-
3.4
-
All






Manufacturers
235
-
10.1
3.9
3.0
0.0
Performance
Value
223
-226
267
237
213
196
230
267
219
222
255
214
236
-266
208
234
236
218
Table 5,8, Indus* % '^rformance by Model Year, Car (g/mi)




Credits


ch4&


2-Cycle




Off-
n2o
Performance
Model Year
Tailpipe
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
Value
2012
259
4.0
0.2
5.4
-
0.5
0.1
249
2013
251
4.0
0.1
6.3
-
0.7
0.3
240
2014
250
4.6
0.1
7.5
-
1.8
0.3
236
2015
243
3.1
0.0
8.0
-
2.0
0.1
230
2016
240
-
-
8.6
-
1.9
0.1
230
2017
235
-
-
10.1
3.9
3.0
0.0
218
105

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Table 5.9, Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2s.- * \ » xvdc (g/mi)


Credits


ch4&


2-Cycle


Off-
n2o
Performance
Manufacturer
Tailpipe
FFV TLAAS A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
Value
BMW
310
22.3
3.2
6.8
0.3
278
FCA
347
21.7
0.3
9.8
0.1
315
Ford
348
18.0
-
9.4
1.2
322
GM
362
21.2
-
7.7
0.1
333
Honda
278
19.2
-
5.5
-
253
Hyundai
339
7.0
-
5.3
-
327
Jaguar Land






Rover
343
24.4
-
8.8
-
310
Kia
323
11.8
-
3.2
-
308
Mazda
262
-
-
-
0.6
263
Mercedes
349
13.8
0.1
2.4
-
333
Nissan-






Mitsubishi
308
9.1
-
4.5
-
294
Subaru
242
11.7
-
0.5
-
230
Toyota
325
12.7
-
7.1
0.1
305
VW
321
12.8
0.8
6.1
-
301
Volvo
287
12.8
3.4
5.6
-
265
All






Manufacturers
330
17.1
0.1
7.1
0.3
306
Table 5,10, Industry Performance by Model Year, Truck (g/mi}




Credits


ch4&


2-Cycle




Off-
n2o
Performance
Model Year
Tailpipe
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Cycle
Deficit
Value
2012
369
14.5
1.3
7.3
-
1.5
0.3
346
2013
360
13.8
1.1
7.9
-
1.6
0.3
337
2014
349
14.3
0.3
9.7
-
4.1
0.1
321
2015
336
10.2
0.6
11.0
-
4.1
0.2
311
2016
332
-
-
11.8
-
4.5
0.2
316
2017
330
-
-
17.1
0.1
7.1
0.3
306
106

-------
C. End of Year Credit Balance
Each model year, manufacturers must determine their tailpipe CO2 emissions, the
flexibilities that they are eligible to use, and the performance values for their car and truck
fleets. The car and truck performance values can be compared to the respective footprint-
based CO2 standards to determine "net compliance" in a model year for each fleet. This
value provides a snapshot of how each manufacturer's fleet performed within the model
year, but it is not an enforceable compliance value and does not give a complete picture of
the manufacturer's status under the GHG program, due to the ABT-based design of the
overall GHG program.
As discussed at the beginning of this section, the GHG program allows manufacturers to
take advantage of averaging, banking, and trading options. The averaging provisions allow
manufacturers to use a production-weighted standard for car and truck fleets, as opposed
to standards for individual vehicles. It also allows manufacturers to use surplus credits
from their car fleet to offset a shortfall within their truck fleet, or vice versa, within a model
year. The banking provisions allow manufacturers to carry credits, or deficits, between
model years, and the trading provisions allow manufacturers to trade credits between
manufacturers.
The following discussion provides more detail on the credit program and how credit
balances are determined. This includes accounting for credit expirations and forfeitures,
credits earned under the early credit program, each manufacturer's annual standards and
performance values, and credit transactions between companies. The discussion will focus
on credits in terms of Megagrams (or Teragrams), which is how the credits are accounted
for within the GHG program.
Expiration or Forfeiture of Credits
All credits earned within the GHG program have expiration dates. However, the only credits
that have expired so far were credits earned under the early credit program (discussed
below) from model year 2009. All credits earned from model years 2010 to 2016, which
make up the vast majority of credits currently held by manufacturers, will expire at the end
of model year 2021. Beginning in model year 2017, all credits have a 5-year lifetime (i.e.,
credits earned in model year 2017 will expire at the end of model year 2022).
A limited number of credits have been forfeited by several manufacturers. Although
forfeiture and expiration both have fundamentally the same effect - a loss or removal of
credits - forfeiture is considered a different and less common mechanism, brought about
107

-------
by unique circumstances. Hyundai and Kia forfeited a specified quantity of 2013 model
year credits after an investigation into their testing methods that concluded with a
settlement announced on November 3, 2014. Additional manufacturers forfeited credits
because of their participation in the Temporary Lead Time Alternative Allowance Standards
(TLAAS). Opting into these less stringent standards, which are no longer available, came
with some restrictions, including the requirement that any credits accumulated by using
the TLAAS standards may not be used by or transferred to a fleet meeting the primary
standard. This impacted Porsche, which was bought by VW in 2012. Porsche held some
credits earned against the TLAAS standards at the time they were merged with VW, and VW
was not participating in the TLAAS program. Thus, those credits could not carry over to the
merged company and were lost. Similarly, Mercedes and Volvo reached the end of the
TLAAS program, which applied through the 2015 model year, with credits in their TLAAS
bank that could not be transferred to their post-2015 bank and thus were forfeited.
Credits for Early Adoption of Technology
The GHG program included an optional provision that allowed manufacturers to generate
credits in the 2009-2011 model years, prior to the implementation of regulatory standards
in model year 2012. This flexibility allowed manufacturers to generate credits for achieving
tailpipe CO2 emissions targets or introducing technology before model year 2012. The
pathways for earning credits under the early credit program were similar to flexibilities
built into the annual GHG requirements, including improved A/C systems, off-cycle credits,
and electric, plug-in hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles.
To earn credits based on tailpipe CO2 performance, manufacturers could demonstrate
tailpipe emissions levels below either California or national standards, dependent on the
state the car was sold in. California developed GHG standards prior to the adoption of the
EPA GHG program, and some states had adopted these standards. In all other states, CO2
levels were calculated based on the national CAFE standards. The early credits program
required that participating manufacturers determine credits for each of the three model
years. Thus, even manufacturers with a deficit in one or more of the early model years (i.e.,
their tailpipe CO2 performance was worse than the applicable emissions threshold) could
benefit from the early credits program if their net credits over the three years was a
positive value.
Due to concerns expressed by stakeholders during the rulemaking process, 2009 model
year credits could not be traded between companies and were limited to a 5-year credit
life. Thus, all credits earned in model year 2009 expired at the end of the 2014 model year
108

-------
if not already used. The remaining 2010-2011 model year credits were banked and may be
used until the 2021 model year.
Sixteen manufacturers participated in the early credits program, generating about 234 Tg
of credits in total. Figure 5.13 shows the early credits earned, expired, and remaining for
each manufacturer. Of the 234 Tg of early credits earned by manufacturers, 76 Tg, or about
one-third of the early credits accumulated by manufacturers in the 2009-2011 model
years, were 2009 credits that expired. The remaining 2010-2011 model year credits will be
available until the 2021 model year. The impacts of credit trading is not accounted for in
Figure 5.13, thus the figure does not show how many of these early credits remain for each
manufacturer at the end of the 2017 model year.
Figure 5.13. Early Credits Reported and Expired by Manufacturer
Expired 2009 Credits
Used 2009 Credits
Remaining Credits
109

-------
Of the 234 Tg of early credits, 85% of those credits were generated from performing better
than the tailpipe CO2 emissions targets established in the regulations. About 10% were due
to A/C leakage credits, 4% were due to A/C efficiency improvements, and just over 1% were
due to off-cycle credits. Manufacturers can no longer generate early credits (except
through applications to the EPA for retroactive off-cycle credits). More details of the early
credit program can be found in the "Early Credits Report," which was released by EPA in
2013.19
Model Year Performance Versus Standards
Manufacturer-specific standards and performance within the model year were discussed in
Sections 5.A and 5.B above. Comparing these two values for each manufacturer's fleet
determines the annual net compliance for each fleet. The total credit surplus or shortfall
for that model year is determined by manufacturers based on the net compliance and total
production of each fleet.
Figure 5.14 illustrates the performance of the large manufacturers in model year 2017,
compared to their standards, and prior to the application of banked credits from previous
model years or credit transactions between companies. As explained previously,
manufacturers have separate car and truck standards, and do not have an overall
standard. However, it is useful to calculate and show an equivalent overall standard for
evaluating a manufacturer's overall status under the GHG program.
Figure 5.14 is a "snapshot" that shows how manufacturers performed against the
standards with their 2017 fleets, but it does not portray whether these manufacturers have
ultimately complied with the model year 2017 standards. Most large manufacturers were
above (i.e., did not meet) their standard in model year 2017. Three of the 13 major
manufacturers were able to achieve compliance based on the emission performance of
their 2017 model year vehicles, without utilizing additional banked credits. The fact that
manufacturers were above their standards does not mean that these manufacturers were
out of compliance with the GHG program, as nearly all manufacturers had more than
enough credits to offset the difference, as shown later in this report. While most individual
manufacturers were above their individual standards, on average the industry only missed
the standards by 5 g/mile and achieved the lowest fleetwide performance of any year of
the program thus far.
19 Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards for Light-Duty Automobiles: Status of Early Credit Program for Model
Years 2009-2011, Compliance Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Report No. EPA-420-R-13-005, March 2013.
110

-------
Figure 5.14. Performance and Standards by Manufacturer, 2017 Model Year
| Standard
¦ Performance
Table 5.11 through Table 5.16 provide a summary of the standards, manufacturer
performance, and net compliance by manufacturer for model year 2017, and for the
industry as a whole for model years 2009-2012 (including early credits). The net
compliance value is the difference between the standard and performance value. A
negative value indicates that the manufacturer, or the industry, was below the applicable
standard and generated credits. Conversely, a positive net compliance value indicates that
the manufacturer, or the industry, exceeded (i.e., did not meet) the standards and
generated a credit shortfall.
Toyota, for example, generated a 2017 model year credit shortfall because their overall
compliance value of 259 g/mi is above their fleet-wide standard of 255 g/mi. Honda, on the
other hand, reported a credit surplus based on a compliance value of 217 g/mi, 23 g/mi
lower than their fleet-wide standard of 240 g/mi.
These tables only show credits generated within a model year, and do not account for
credits used to offset deficits in other model years, credits that are traded between
manufacturers, or credits that have expired or been forfeited. It is important to note that
the tables showing combined results are aggregated from the passenger car and light-duty
truck data and standards—there are no independent standards for the combined fleet.
111

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Table 5.11. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, All





Credit

Performance

Net

Surplus/

Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
BMW
242
243
-1
335,931
74,068
BYD Motors
-226
226
-452
6
530
FCA
307
285
22
1,919,705
-9,475,132
Ford
286
272
14
2,209,104
-6,740,859
GM
285
277
8
2,792,390
-4,592,921
Honda
217
240
-23
1,624,754
7,571,997
Hyundai
237
223
13
943,992
-2,497,514
Jaguar Land Rover
301
278
23
122,586
-611,459
Kia
246
237
9
610,909
-1,069,577
Mazda
235
233
2
256,948
-129,889
Mercedes
291
257
34
344,679
-2,418,050
Nissan-Mitsubishi
244
243
1
1,812,184
-504,236
Subaru
231
247
-16
679,672
2,364,325
Tesla
-266
252
-518
46,979
4,749,578
Toyota
259
255
4
2,566,856
-2,247,660
VW
252
232
20
660,189
-2,700,414
Volvo
254
270
-16
79,845
273,453
All





Manufacturers
263
258
5
17,006,729
-17,953,760
Table 5,12, Total Credits Earned in Model Yiws 2009-2017, All





Credit


Performance

Net

Surplus/

Model
Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Credit
Year
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
98,520,511
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
96,699,987
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
38,509,271
2021
2012
287
299
-12
13,445,040
32,913,828
2021
2013
278
292
-14
15,197,270
42,335,732
2021
2014
274
287
-13
15,510,206
41,372,314
2021
2015
267
274
-7
16,735,765
23,665,204
2021
2016
271
263
9
16,276,424
-29,929,366
2021
2017
263
258
5
17,006,729
-17,953,760
2022
112

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Table 5.13. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Car





Credit

Performance

Net

Surplus/

Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
BMW
223
221
2
228,971
-69,208
BYD Motors
-226
226
-452
6
530
FCA
267
225
42
371,476
-3,079,993
Ford
237
222
15
1,013,712
-2,980,308
GM
213
221
-8
1,218,645
1,894,311
Honda
196
217
-21
1,081,564
4,421,704
Hyundai
230
219
11
885,043
-1,849,061
Jaguar Land Rover
267
244
23
27,798
-122,883
Kia
219
218
1
442,327
-44,211
Mazda
222
216
6
182,534
-220,221
Mercedes
255
229
26
198,665
-1,010,089
Nissan-Mitsubishi
214
217
-3
1,201,340
653,252
Subaru
236
213
23
181,917
-805,157
Tesla
-266
252
-518
46,979
4,749,578
Toyota
208
216
-8
1,322,377
2,033,559
VW
234
213
21
498,271
-1,994,880
Volvo
236
241
-5
32,690
30,969
All





Manufacturers
218
219
-1
8,934,315
1,607,892
Table 5.14. Total Credits Earned in Mod > Ytv.rs 2009-2017, Car





Credit


Performance

Net

Surplus/

Model
Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Credit
Year
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
58,017,205
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
50,742,636
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
8,678,660
2021
2012
249
267
-18
8,655,883
30,438,750
2021
2013
240
261
-21
9,744,776
39,210,720
2021
2014
236
253
-16
9,205,220
29,279,630
2021
2015
230
241
-11
9,597,304
21,260,234
2021
2016
230
231
-1
8,998,957
2,210,184
2021
2017
218
219
-1
8,934,315
1,607,892
2022
113

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Table 5.15. Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Truck





Credit

Performance

Net

Surplus/

Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
BMW
278
284
-6
106,960
143,276
FCA
315
297
18
1,548,229
-6,395,139
Ford
322
308
14
1,195,392
-3,760,551
GM
333
315
18
1,573,745
-6,487,232
Honda
253
279
-26
543,190
3,150,293
Hyundai
327
278
49
58,949
-648,453
Jaguar Land Rover
310
287
23
94,788
-488,576
Kia
308
281
27
168,582
-1,025,366
Mazda
263
268
-5
74,414
90,332
Mercedes
333
290
43
146,014
-1,407,961
Nissan-Mitsubishi
294
286
8
610,844
-1,157,488
Subaru
230
258
-28
497,755
3,169,482
Toyota
305
290
15
1,244,479
-4,281,219
VW
301
282
19
161,918
-705,534
Volvo
265
288
-23
47,155
242,484
All





Manufacturers
306
295
11
8,072,414
-19,561,652
Table 5.16. Total Credits Earned in Mod-*! Yjws 2009-2017, Truck





Credit


Performance

Net

Surplus/

Model
Value
Standard
Compliance

Shortfall
Credit
Year
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
Production
(Mg)
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
40,503,306
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
45,957,351
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
29,830,611
2021
2012
346
349
-2
4,789,157
2,475,078
2021
2013
337
339
-3
5,452,494
3,125,012
2021
2014
321
330
-8
6,304,986
12,092,684
2021
2015
311
312
-1
7,138,461
2,404,970
2021
2016
316
297
20
7,277,467
-32,139,550
2021
2017
306
295
11
8,072,414
-19,561,652
2022
114

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Credit Transactions
Credits may be traded among manufacturers with a great deal of flexibility. There are only
a few regulatory requirements that relate to credit transactions between manufacturers,
and these are generally designed to protect those involved in these transactions. While it
may seem obvious, it is worth stating that a manufacturer may not trade credits that it
does not have. Credits that are available for trade are only those available (1) at the end of
a model year, and (2) after a manufacturer has offset any deficits they might have. Credit
transactions that result in a negative credit balance for the selling manufacturer are not
allowed. Although a third party may facilitate transactions, EPA's regulations allow only the
automobile manufacturers to engage in credit transactions and hold credits.
Figure 5.15. Total Credits Transactions Through Model Year 2017
Sold	Purchased
Ex pi res 2021 ¦ Ex pi res 2022
The credit transactions reported by manufacturers through the 2017 model year are
summarized in Figure 5.15. Credits that have been sold are shown as negative credits, since
the sale of credits will reduce the selling manufacturer's credit balance. Conversely, credits
that have been purchased are shown as positive credits, since they will increase the
purchasing manufacturer's credit balance. The values shown in Figure 5.15 are the total
115

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quantity of credits that have been bought or sold by a manufacturer, and likely represent
multiple transactions between various manufacturers. Figure 5.15 also shows the
expiration date of credits sold and acquired. Credits generated in model year 2017 will
expire in 2022; all other credits will expire in model year 2021. As of the close of the 2017
model year, about 48 Tg of CO2 credits had changed hands.
Note that manufacturers do not report transactions to EPA as they occur; thus, there may
be additional credit transactions that have occurred that are not reported here.
Transactions reported after the manufacturers submitted their model year 2017 data will
be reported in the next release of this report.
Final Credit Balances
At this point, manufacturers calculate their total credit balance at the end of the model
year. The final credit balance is the sum of prior credits or deficits, credit surpluses or
shortfalls accrued in the current model year, expired or forfeited credits, and credits
purchased or sold. Table 5.17 shows the impact of each of these categories for each
manufacturer, including their final model year 2017 credit balances. Table 5.18 shows the
breakdown of expiration dates for credit balances, and the distribution, by age of credit
deficits. All credit deficits must be offset within three years, or a manufacturer will be
considered non-compliant with the GHG program.
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Table 5,17, Final Credit Balance by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017 (Mg)

Early Credits
Credits
Credits


Credits
Final 2017

Earned
Earned
Earned
Credits
Credits
Purchased
Credit
Manufacturer
2009-2011
2012-2016
2017
Expired
Forfeited
or Sold
Balance
BMW
1,251,522
85,611
74,068
-134,791
-
4,000,000
5,276,410
BYD Motors
-
4,871
530
-
-
-
5,401
Coda
-
7,251
-
-
-
-7,251
-
FCA
10,827,083
-13,720,576
-9,475,132
-
-
32,675,990
20,307,365
Ford
16,116,453
12,770,167
-6,740,859
-5,882,011
-
-
16,263,750
GM
25,510,557
1,090,478
-4,592,921
-6,933,126
-
7,251
15,082,239
Honda
35,842,334
36,976,814
7,571,997
-14,133,353
-
-28,444,401
37,813,391
Hyundai
14,007,495
11,228,473
-2,497,514
-4,482,649
-169,775
-
18,086,030
Jaguar Land Rover
-
-2,258,202
-611,459
-
-
2,294,494
-575,167
Karma Automotive
-
58,852
-
-
-
-
58,852
Kia
10,444,192
-1,945,739
-1,069,577
-2,362,882
-123,956
-
4,942,038
Mazda
5,482,642
5,282,826
-129,889
-1,340,917
-
-
9,294,662
Mercedes
378,272
-3,586,064
-2,418,050
-
-28,416
6,227,713
573,455
Nissan-Mitsubishi
19,580,536
21,305,077
-504,236
-8,773,270
-
-3,539,063
28,069,044
Porsche
-
426,439
-
-
-426,439
-
-
Subaru
5,755,171
9,237,767
2,364,325
-491,789
-
-
16,865,474
Suzuki
876,650
-183,097
-
-265,311
-
-
428,242
Tesla
49,772
6,038,569
4,749,578
-
-
-8,452,302
2,385,617
Toyota
80,435,498
30,713,921
-2,247,660
-29,732,098
-
-7,762,431
71,407,230
Volkswagen
6,441,405
-2,521,484
-2,700,414
-1,442,571
-
3,000,000
2,776,936
Volvo
All
730,187
-654,242
273,453
-
-85,163
-
264,235
All
Manufacturers
233,729,769
110,357,712
-17,953,760
-75,974,768
-833,749
-
249,325,204
117
3

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Table 5,18, Distribution of Credits by Expiration Date (Mg)
Manufacturer
BMW
BYD Motors
FCA
Ford
GM
Honda
Hyundai
Jaguar Land Rover
Karma Automotive
Kia
Mazda
Mercedes
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Subaru
Suzuki
Tesla
Toyota
Volkswagen
Volvo
All Manufacturers
Final 2017
Credits
Credits
Credit
Expiring in
Expiring in
Balance
2021
2022
5,276,410
3,133,134
2,143,276
5,401
4,871
530
20,307,365
17,942,828
2,363,961
16,263,750
16,263,730
-
15,082,239
13,187,928
1,894,311
37,813,391
32,241,394
5,571,997
18,086,030
18,086,030
-
-575,167
-
-
58,852
58,852
-
4,942,038
4,942,038
-
9,294,662
9,204,330
90,332
573,455
573,455

28,069,044
27,415,792
653,252
16,865,474
13,695,992
3,169,482
428,242
428,242
-
2,385,617
-
2,385,617
71,407,230
69,373,671
2,033,559
2,776,936
2,776,936
-
264,235
-
264,235
Deficit
Carried
1 year
Deficit
Carried
2 years
-575,167
249,325,204 229,329,819 20,570,552
-575,167
1
118

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D. Compliance Status After the 2017 Model Year
To evaluate the overall compliance status of manufacturers, EPA considers the credit
balance of each manufacturer at the end of the most recent model year. Because credits
may not be carried forward unless deficits from all prior model years have been resolved, a
positive credit balance means compliance with the current and all previous model years of
the program. The credits accrued will be available to that manufacturer until they are used
to offset a credit shortfall within a future model year, or until they expire. Figure 5.16 (and
Table 5.17) show the credit balance of all manufacturers after model year 2017.
Figure 5.16. Manufacturer Credit Balance After Model Year 2017
Toyota -
Honda -
Nissan-Mitsubishi -
FCA-
Hyundai-
Subaru-
Ford-
GM-
Mazda-
BMW-
Kia-
VW-
Tesla-
Mercedes-
Suzuki -
Volvo -
Karma Automotive -
BYD Motors-
Jaguar Land Rover -
0	20	40	60
GHG Credits (Tg ofC02)
Manufacturers with a positive
credit balance have complied
through Model Year 2017
I
I
Manufacturers with a negative
credit balance have up to 3 years
to offset the deficit
119

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All manufacturers, except one, ended the 2017 model year with a positive credit balance
and are thus in compliance with model year 2017 and all previous years of the GHG
program. Jaguar Land Rover, the sole manufacturer carrying a deficit into the 2018 model
year, does not have any outstanding deficits that would result in noncompliance or
enforcement actions from EPA. However, Jaguar Land Rover will have to offset the existing
deficits in future model years either by producing future efficient vehicles that exceed the
standards, or by purchasing credits from other manufacturers.
Figure 5.17 shows the overall industry performance, standards, and credit bank for all
years of the GHG program. As discussed earlier in this section, the performance of the
industry on average was below the standards for the first four years of the GHG program,
from model year 2012 through 2015. In model years 2016 and 2017, the industry was on
average above the standards. In model year 2017 the industry improved overall GHG
performance by 8 g/mi, and while this was not enough to meet the standard, the gap
between the GHG standard and fleet average performance narrowed to 5 g/mi from 9
g/mi.
The industry created a large bank of credits using the early credits provision and it
continued to grow the bank of credits during the first four years of the program by
reducing emissions below the requirements of the standards. For the last two years, the
industry has had to use banked credits, reducing the overall credit bank, but the balance of
credits remains substantial.
The industry emerges from model year 2017 with a bank of almost 250 teragrams (Tg) of
GHG credits to draw upon in future years. Based on their compliance strategy, many
manufacturers used credits in model year 2017. As a result, the industry depleted their
collective credit bank by about 18 Tg, or about 7% of the total credit balance, to maintain
compliance. If applied entirely to model year 2017, the balance of nearly 250 Tg would be
equivalent to a fleetwide GHG reduction of about 70 g/mi. Of those credits, 92% will expire
at the end of model year 2021 if not used. Additionally, more than half of the current
balance is held by three manufacturers, and the availability of these or future credits is
inherently uncertain.
After accounting for the use of credits, and the ability to carry forward a deficit in the case
of Jaguar Land Rover, the industry overall does not face any non-compliance issues as of
the end of the 2017 model year.
1
120

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Figure 5.17. Industry Performance and Standards, Credit Generation and Use
E
s
o
x
o
<1)
O
c
ro
o_
£
o
O
O
O
M—
O
D)
"O
o
o
X
o
300
280
260
240
• Standard
I Performance
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Credits Earned
Credits Used
Total
Early Credits 2012
(2009-2011)
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Carry to
2018
Model Year
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Appendices: Methods and Additional Data
A. Sources of Input Data
Nearly all of the data for this report are based on automakers' direct submissions to EPA.
EPA has required manufacturers to provide vehicle fuel economy to consumers since 1977,
and has collected data on every new light-duty vehicle model sold in the United States
since 1975. The data are obtained either from testing performed by EPA at the National
Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan, or directly from
manufacturers using official EPA test procedures.
National fuel economy standards have been in place in the United States for cars and light
trucks since 1978. The Department of Transportation, through the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA), has the responsibility for setting and enforcing fuel
economy standards through the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program. Since
the inception of CAFE, EPA has been responsible for establishing test procedures and
calculation methods, and for collecting data used to determine vehicle fuel economy levels.
EPA calculates the CAFE value for each manufacturer and provides it to NHTSA. NHTSA
publishes the final CAFE values in its annual "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance"
reports at www.nhtsa.gov/Laws-&-Regulations/CAFE—Fuel-Economy. Since model year
2012, NHTSA and EPA have maintained coordinated fuel economy and greenhouse gas
standards that apply to model year 2012 through model year 202520 vehicles.
The data that EPA collects comprise the most comprehensive database of its kind. For
recent model years, the vast majority of the data in this report are reported to EPA using
the EV-CIS database maintained by EPA. This database contains a broad amount of data
associated with CO2 emissions and fuel economy, vehicle and engine technology, and other
vehicle performance metrics. This report extracts only a portion of the data from the EV-CIS
database.
In some cases, the data submitted by automakers are supplemented by data that were
obtained through independent research by EPA. For example, EPA relied on published data
from external sources for certain parameters of pre-model year 2011 vehicles: (1) engines
with variable valve timing (VVT), (2) engines with cylinder deactivation, and (3) vehicle
footprint, as automakers did not submit this data until model year 2011. EPA projects
footprint data for the preliminary model year 2018 fleet based on footprint values for
20 See 75 Federal Register 25324, May 7, 2010 and 77 Federal Register 62624, October 15, 2012.
1

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existing models from previous years and footprint values for new vehicle designs available
through public sources. In addition, vehicle 0-to-60 acceleration values are not provided by
automakers, but are either calculated from other Trends data, as discussed in Section 3, or
taken from external sources.
This report presents analysis and data drawn from the extensive Trends database. The
website for this report has been expanded with an emphasis on allowing users to access
and evaluate more of the data behind this report. EPA plans to continue to add content
and tools on the web to allow transparent access to public data. All public data available on
the web can be accessed at the following links:
•	Explore summary data with interactive figures here:
https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends/explore-automotive-trends-data.
•	Download report tables and supplemental data tables (previously called
Appendices) here: https://www.epa.gov/automotive-trends/download-data-
automotive-trends.
The full Trends database is not publicly available. The detailed production data necessary
for demonstrating compliance is considered confidential business information (CBI) by the
manufacturers and cannot be shared by EPA. However, EPA will continue to provide as
much information as possible to the public.
Preliminary vs Final Data
For each model year, automakers submit two phases of data: preliminary data provided
to EPA for vehicle certification and labeling prior to the model year sales, and final data
submitted after the completion of the model year for compliance with EPA's light-duty GHG
regulations and NHTSA's CAFE program.
Preliminary data are collected prior to the beginning of each model year and are not used
for manufacturer GHG compliance. Automakers submit "General Label" information
required to support the generation of the joint EPA/NHTSA Fuel Economy and Environment
Labels that appear on all new personal vehicles. As part of these submissions, automakers
report pre-model year vehicle production projections for individual models and
configurations to EPA.
Final data are submitted a few months after the end of each model year and include
detailed final production volumes. EPA and NHTSA use this final data to determine
compliance with GHG emissions and CAFE standards. These end-of-the-year submissions
include detailed final production volumes. All data in this report for model years 1975
ft1!	A-2

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through 2017 are considered final. However, manufacturers can submit requests for
compliance credits for previous model years, so it is possible that additional credits under
the GHG program could be awarded to manufacturers.
Since the preliminary fuel economy values provided by automakers are based on projected
vehicle production volumes, they usually vary slightly from the final fuel economy values
that reflect the actual sales at the end of the model year. With each publication of this
report, the preliminary values from the previous year are updated to reflect the final
values. This allows a comparison to gauge the accuracy of preliminary projections.
Table A.1 compares the preliminary and final fleetwide real-world fuel economy values for
recent years (note that the differences for CO2 emissions data would be similar, on a
percentage basis). Since model year 2011, the final real-world fuel economy values have
generally been close to the preliminary fuel economy values. In six out of the last seven
years, manufacturer projections have led to preliminary estimates that were higher than
final data. This could be due to many reasons, but lower than expected gasoline costs and
the increasing percentage of SUVs purchased by consumers likely contributed to this
overestimation.
It is important to note that there is no perfect apples-to-apples comparison for model years
2011 -2014 due to several small data issues, such as alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) data. The
preliminary values in Table A.1 through model year 2014 did not integrate AFV data, while
the final values in Table A.1 are the values reported elsewhere in this report and do include
AFV data. The differences due to this would be small, on the order of 0.1 mpg or less.
Table A„ i. Comparison of Preliminary and Final Real-World Fuel Economy
Values (mpg)
Model Year
Preliminary

Final Minus

Value
Final Value
Preliminary
2011
22.8
22.3
-0.5
2012
23.8
23.6
-0.2
2013
24.0
24.2
+0.2
2014
24.2
24.1
-0.1
2015
24.7
24.6
-0.2
2016
25.6
24.7
-0.9
2017
25.2
24.9
-0.3
2018 (prelim)
25.4
-
-
A3

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B. Harmonic Averaging of Fuel Economy Values
Averaging multiple fuel economy values must be done harmonically in order to obtain a
correct mathematical result. Since fuel economy is expressed in miles per gallon (mpg), one
critical assumption with any harmonic averaging of multiple fuel economy values is
whether the distance term (miles, in the numerator of mpg) is fixed or variable. This report
makes the assumption that the distance term in all mpg values is fixed, i.e., that for
purposes of calculating a harmonically averaged fuel economy value, it is assumed that the
distance term (representing miles travelled) is equivalent across various vehicle fuel
economies. This assumption is the standard practice with harmonic averaging of multiple
fuel economy values (including, for example, in calculations for CAFE standards
compliance), and simplifies the calculations involved.
Mathematically, when assuming a fixed distance term as discussed above, harmonic
averaging of multiple fuel economy values can be defined as the inverse of the average of
the reciprocals of the individual fuel economy values. It is best illustrated by a simple
example.
Consider a round trip of 600 miles. For the first 300-mile leg, the driver is alone with no
other passengers or cargo, and, aided by a tailwind, uses 10 gallons of gasoline, for a fuel
economy of 30 mpg. On the return 300-mile trip, with several passengers, some luggage,
and a headwind, the driver uses 15 gallons of gasoline, for a fuel economy of 20 mpg. Many
people will assume that the average fuel economy for the entire 600-mile trip is 25 mpg,
the arithmetic (or simple) average of 30 mpg and 20 mpg. But, since the driver consumed
10 + 15 = 25 gallons of fuel during the trip, the actual fuel economy is 600 miles divided by
25 gallons, or 24 mpg.
Why is the actual 24 mpg less than the simple average of 25 mpg? Because the driver used
more gallons while (s)he was getting 20 mpg than when (s)he was getting 30 mpg.
This same principle is often demonstrated in elementary school mathematics when an
airplane makes a round trip, with a speed of 400 mph one way and 500 mph the other way.
The average speed of 444 mph is less than 450 mph because the airplane spent more time
going 400 mph than it did going 500 mph.
As in both of the examples above, a harmonic average will typically yield a result that is
slightly lower than the arithmetic average.
The following equation illustrates the use of harmonic averaging to obtain the correct
mathematical result for the fuel economy example above:
ft1!	B-1

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2
Average mpg =
The above example was for a single vehicle with two different fuel economies over two legs
of a single round trip. But, the same mathematical principle holds for averaging the fuel
economies of any number of vehicles. For example, the average fuel economy for a set of 10
vehicles, with three 30 mpg vehicles, four 25 mpg vehicles, and three 20 mpg vehicles would
be (note that, in order to maintain the concept of averaging, the total number of vehicles in
the numerator of the equation must equal the sum of the individual numerators in the
denominator of the equation):
Note that arithmetic averaging, not harmonic averaging, provides the correct mathematical
result for averaging fuel consumption values (in gallons per mile, the inverse of fuel
economy) and CO2 emissions (in grams per mile). In the first, round trip, example above, the
first leg had a fuel consumption rate of 10 gallons over 300 miles, or 0.03333 gallons per
mile. The second leg had a fuel consumption of 15 gallons over 300 miles, or 0.05 gallons per
mile. Arithmetically averaging the two fuel consumption values, i.e., adding them up and
dividing by two, yields 0.04167 gallons per mile, and the inverse of this is the correct fuel
economy average of 24 mpg. Arithmetic averaging also works for CO2 emissions values, i.e.,
the average of 200 g/mi and 400 g/mi is 300 g/mi CO2 emissions.
In summary, fuel economy values must be harmonically averaged to maintain mathematical
integrity, while fuel consumption values (in gallons per mile) and CO2 emissions values (in
grams per mile) can be arithmetically averaged.
10
Average mpg = —		j		— = 24.4 mpg
30 + 25 + 20

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C. Fuel Economy and CO2 Metrics
The CO2 emissions and fuel economy data in this report fall into one of two categories:
compliance data and estimated real-world data. These categories are based on the
purpose of the data, and the subsequent required emissions test procedures. The
following sections discuss the differences between compliance and real-world data and
how they relate to raw vehicle emissions test results.
2-Cycle Test Data
In 1975 when the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulation was put into place,
EPA tested vehicles using two dynamometer-based test cycles, one based on city driving
and one based on highway driving. CAFE was—and continues to be—required by law to use
these "2-cycle tests". For consistency, EPA also adopted this approach for the GHG
regulations.
Originally, the fuel economy values generated from the "2-cycle" test procedure were used
both to determine compliance with CAFE requirements and to inform consumers of their
expected fuel economy via the fuel economy label. Today, the raw 2-cycle test data are
used primarily in a regulatory context as the basis for determining the final compliance
values for CAFE and GHG regulations.
The 2-cycle testing methodology has remained largely unchanged21 since the early 1970s.
Because of this, the 2-cycle fuel economy and CO2 values can serve as a useful comparison
of long-term trends. Previous versions of this report included 2-cycle fuel economy and CO2
data, referred to as "unadjusted" or "laboratory" values. These 2-cycle fuel economy values
are still included in the Supplemental Tables and Appendix D for reference. It is important
to note that these 2-cycle fuel economy values do not exactly correlate to the 2-cycle
tailpipe CO2 emissions values provided in Section 5 for the GHG regulations. There are
three methodological reasons for this:
21 There were some relatively minor test procedure changes made in the late 1970s that, in the aggregate,
made the city and highway tests slightly more demanding, i.e., the unadjusted fuel economy values for a given
car after these test procedure changes were made are slightly lower relative to prior to the changes. EPA has
long provided CAFE "test procedure adjustments" (TPAs) for passenger cars in recognition of the fact that the
original CAFE standards were based on the EPA test procedures in place in 1975 (there are no TPAs for light
trucks). The resulting impacts on the long-term unadjusted fuel economy trends are very small. The TPAs for
cars vary but are typically in the range of 0.2-0.5 mpg for cars, or 0.1 -0.3 mpg when the car TPAs are averaged
over the combined car/truck fleet.

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1.	The GHG regulations require a car and truck weighting based on a slightly higher
lifetime vehicle miles traveled (VMT) for trucks. The 2-cycle fuel economy values do
not account for this difference.
2.	The GHG regulations allow manufacturers to use an optional compliance approach
which adds nitrous oxide and methane emissions to their 2-cycle CO2 emissions.
3.	The GHG regulations and CAFE regulations result in very slightly different annual
production values. Prior to model year 2017, the 2-cycle fuel economy values rely on
CAFE production values (see Appendix D).
ipliance Data
Compliance data in this report are used to determine how the manufacturers are
performing under EPA's GHG program. These data are reported in the Executive Summary
and Section 5. The 2-cycle CO2 test values form the basis for the compliance data, but there
are some important differences due to provisions in the standards. Manufacturers' model
year performance is calculated based on the measured 2-cycle CO2 tailpipe emissions and
flexibilities that manufacturers may qualify for and use.
Compliance data also includes the overall credit balances held by each manufacturer, and
may incorporate credit averaging, banking, and trading by manufacturers. The compliance
process is explained in detail in Section 5. Compliance CO2 data is not comparable to
estimated real world CO2 data, as described below.
Estimated ^ orlJ Pu*d Econoiux juui Data
Estimated real-world (previously called "adjusted") data is EPA's best estimate of real-world
fuel economy and CO2 emissions, as reported in Sections 1 -4 of this report. The real-world
values are the best data for researchers to evaluate new vehicle CO2 and fuel economy
performance. Unlike compliance data, the method for calculating real-world data have
evolved over time, along with technology and driving habits. These changes in
methodology are detailed in Appendix D.
Calculating estimated real-world fuel economy
Estimated real-world fuel economy data are currently measured based on the "5-cycle" test
procedure that utilizes high-speed, cold start, and air conditioning tests in addition to the 2-
cycle tests to provide data more representative of real-world driving. These additional
laboratory tests capture a wider range of operating conditions (including hot/cold weather
and higher acceleration) that an average driver will encounter. City and highway results are
weighted 43% / 57%, consistent with fleetwide driver activity data.
C-2

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Calculating estimated real-world CO2 emissions
The estimated real-world CO2 emissions shown in Sections 1-4 are not based directly on
the 2-cycle tested values, but rather they are based on calculated values that convert
estimated real-world fuel economy values to CO2 using emission factors. This approach is
taken because: 1) test data are not available for most historic years of data, and 2) some
manufacturers choose to use an optional compliance approach which adds nitrous oxide
(N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions to their CO2 emissions (also referred to as Carbon
Related Exhaust Emissions, or CREE), leading to slightly different test results.
The estimated real-world CO2 emissions from gasoline vehicles are calculated by dividing
8,887 g/gal by the fuel economy of the vehicle. The 8,887 g/gal emission factor is a typical
value for the grams of CO2 per gallon of gasoline test fuel, and assumes all the carbon is
converted to CO2. For example, 8887 g/gal divided by a gasoline vehicle fuel economy of 30
mpg would yield an equivalent CO2 emissions value of 296 grams per mile.
The estimated real-world CO2 emissions for diesel vehicles are calculated by dividing
10,180 g/gal by the diesel vehicle fuel economy value. The 10,180 g/gal diesel emission
factor is higher than for a gasoline vehicle because diesel fuel has 14.5% higher carbon
content per gallon than gasoline. Accordingly, a 30 mpg diesel vehicle would have a CO2
equivalent value of 339 grams per mile. Emissions for vehicles other than gasoline and
diesel are also calculated using appropriate emissions factors.
Example Comparison of Fuel Economy Metrics
The multiple ways of measuring fuel economy and GHG emissions can understandably
lead to confusion. As an illustration to help the reader understand the various fuel
economy values that can be associated with an individual vehicle, Table 1.2 shows three
different fuel economy metrics for the model year 2017 Toyota Prius Eco. The 2-cycle city
and highway fuel economy values are direct fuel economy measurements from the 2-cycle
tests and are harmonically averaged with a 55% city / 45% highway weighting to generate a
combined value. The 2-cycle laboratory tested city fuel economy of the Prius Eco is 84 mpg,
the highway fuel economy is 78 mpg, and the combined 2-cycle value is 81 mpg.
Using the 5-cycle methodology, the Toyota Prius Eco has a vehicle fuel economy label value
of 56 mpg city and 58 mpg highway. On the vehicle label, these values are harmonically
averaged using a 55% city / 45% highway weighting to determine a combined value of 53
mpg. The estimated real-world fuel economy for the Prius Eco, which is the set of values
used in calculations for this report, has the same city and highway fuel economy as the
C-3

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label, but the 43% city and 57% highway weighting leads to a combined value of 55 mpg,
which is one mpg less than the values found on the label.
Tabl : C L Economy Metrics for the Model Year 201? Toyota Prius Eco
Fuel Economy Value
Fuel	(MPG)
Economy	City/Highway Test Combined
Metric	Purpose Weighting Basis City/Hwy City Hwy
Basis for manufacturer
2-cycleTest	compliance with
(unadjusted)	standards 55%/45% 2-cycle 81	84 78
Consumer information
to compare individual
Label	vehicles 55%/45% 5-cycle 56	58 53
Estimated	Best estimate of real-
Real-World	world performance 43%/57% 5-cycle 55	58 53
enhouse Gases other th.\o f\\
In addition to tailpipe CO2 emissions, vehicles may create greenhouse gas emissions in
several other ways. The combustion process can result in emissions of N2O, and CH4, and
leaks in vehicle air conditioning systems can release refrigerants, which are also
greenhouse gasses, into the environment. N2O, CH4, and air conditioning greenhouse gases
are discussed as part of the GHG regulatory program in Section 5. Estimated real-world CO2
emissions in Sections 1 -4 only account for tailpipe CO2 emissions.
The life cycle of the vehicle (including manufacturing and vehicle disposal) and the life cycle
of the fuels (including production and distribution) can also create significant greenhouse
gases. Life cycle implications of vehicles and fuels can vary widely based on the vehicle
technology and fuel and are outside the scope of this report. However, there is academic
research, both published and ongoing, in this area for interested readers.
C-4

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D. Historical Changes in the Database and
Methodology
Over the course of this report's publication, there have been some instances where
relevant methodologies and definitions have been updated. Since the goal of this report is
to provide the most accurate data and science available, updates are generally propagated
back to through the historical database. The current version of this report supersedes all
previous reports.
Changes in Estimated Real-world Fuel Economy and CO2
The estimated real-world fuel economy values in this report are closely related to the label
fuel economy values. Over the course of this report, there have been three updates to the
fuel economy label methodology (for model years 1985, 2008 and 2017) and these updates
were propagated through the Trends database. However, there are some important
differences in how the label methodology updates have been applied in this report. This
section discusses how these methodologies have been applied, partially or in full, to the
appropriate model years based on the authors' technical judgement. The changes are
intended to provide accurate real-world values for vehicles at the time they were produced
to better reflect available technologies, changes in driving patterns, and composition of the
fleet. These changes are also applicable to real-world CO2 values, which are converted from
fuel economy values using emissions factors.
Model yeai	385; Universal Multipliers
The first change to the label methodology occurred when EPA recognized that changing
technology and driving habits led to real-world fuel economy results that over time were
diverging from the fuel economy values measured using the 2-cycle tests. To address this
issue, EPA introduced an alternative calculation methodology in 1985 that applied a
multiplication factor to the 2-cycle test data of 0.9 for city and 0.78 for highway. The
estimated real-world fuel economy values from model year 1975-1985 in this report were
calculated using the same multiplication factors that were required for the model year
1985 label update. The authors believe that these correction factors were appropriate for
new vehicles from model year 1975 through 1985. The combined fuel economy and CO2
values are based on a 55% city/45% highway weighting factor, consistent with the CAFE and
label fuel economy calculations.
1

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Model year 1986-2010; The 2006 5-cycle methodology and 43% City/57% Highway
Weighting
In 2006, EPA established a major change to the fuel economy label calculations by
introducing the 5-cycle methodology.22 In addition to the city and highway tests required
for 2-cycle fuel economy the 5-cycle methodology introduces tests for high speeds (US06),
air-conditioning (SC03), and a cold temperature test. It also indirectly accounts for a
number of other factors that are not reflected in EPA laboratory test data (e.g. changing
fuel composition, wind, road conditions) through the use of a 9.5% universal downward
adjustment factor. The change from the universal adjustment factors to the 2006 5-cycle
method lowered estimated real-world fuel economy values, particularly for high fuel
economy vehicles. In the 2006 rulemaking, EPA projected an overall average fleetwide
adjustment of 11 % lower for city fuel economy and 8% lower for highway fuel economy.
For model year 1986-2004, the authors implemented the 2006 5-cycle methodology by
assuming the changes in technology and driver behavior that led to lower real-world fuel
economy occurred in a gradual, linear manner over 20 years. We did not attempt to
perform a year-by-year analysis to determine the extent to which the many relevant factors
(including higher highway speed limits, more aggressive driving, increasing vehicle
horsepower-to-weight ratios, suburbanization, congestion, greater use of air conditioning,
gasoline composition, etc.) that have affected real-world fuel economy since 1985 have
changed over time.
Under the 5-cycle methodology, manufacturers could either: 1) perform all 5 tests on each
vehicle (the "full 5-cycle" method), 2) use an alternative analytical "derived 5-cycle" method
based on 2-cycle testing if certain conditions were met, or 3) voluntarily use lower fuel
economy label estimates than those resulting from the full 5-cycle or derived 5-cycle. If
manufacturers are required to perform all five tests, the results are weighted according to
composite 5-cycle equations.23 To use the derived 5-cycle method, manufacturers are
required to evaluate whether fuel economy estimates using the full 5-cycle tests are
comparable to results using the derived 5-cycle method. In recent years, the derived 5-cycle
approach has been used to generate approximately 85% of all vehicle label fuel economy
values.
For vehicles that were eligible to use the 2006 derived 5-cycle methodology, the following
equations were used to convert 2-cycle city and highway fuel economy values to label
22	See 71 Federal Register 77872, December 27, 2006.
23	See 71 Federal Register 77883-77886, December 27, 2006.
D-2

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economy values. These equations were based on the relationship between 2-cycle and 5-
cycle fuel economy data for the industry as a whole.
1
Label CITY =
(°-
003259 +
1.1805 >
2CYCLE CITYJ
1
Label HWY =
(0.001376 +
1.3466
2 CYCLE HWY;
Over the same timeframe, EPA phased in a change in the city and highway weightings used
to determine a single combined fuel economy or CO2 value. EPA's analysis of real-world
driving activity underlying the 5-cycle fuel economy methodology assumed a "speed
cutpoint" of 45 miles per hour to differentiate between (and "bin" the amount of) city and
highway driving.24 Based on this speed cutpoint, the correct weighting for correlating the
new city and highway fuel economy values with real-world driving activity data from on-
road vehicle studies, on a miles driven basis, is 43% city and 57% highway; this updated
weighting is necessary to maintain the integrity of fleetwide fuel economy performance
based on Trends data. The 55% city/45% highway weighting is still used for both Fuel
Economy and Environment Labels and the CAFE and GHG emissions compliance programs.
The authors used the same gradual, linear approach to phase in the change in city and
highway weightings along with the phase-in of the 2006 5-cycle methodology.
From model year 2005 to model year 2010, the 2006 5-cycle methodology and the 43%
city/57% highway weightings were used to determine the real-world fuel economy values
for this report. This required using the derived 5-cycle equations and the 43% city/57%
highway weightings to recalculate real-world fuel economy values for model year 2005 to
2007, prior to 2008 when the 2006 5-cycle methodology was first required. Model year
2008 to model year 2010 real-world fuel economy values were the same as the label fuel
economy values, except for the city and highway weightings.
Model year 2011-2017; Implementing the model year 2017 derived 5-cycle updates
In 2015, EPA released a minor update to the derived 5-cycle equations that modified the
coefficients used to calculate derived 5-cycle fuel economy from 2-cycle test data.25 This
24	See 71 Federal Register 77904, December 27, 2006.
25	See https://www.epa.gov/fueleconomy/basic-information-fuel-economy-labeling and
http://iaspub.epa.gov/otaqpub/display file.jsp?docid=35113&flag=1
D-3

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update was required under existing regulations and applies to fuel economy label
calculations for all model year 2017 and later vehicles. The following equations are used to
convert 2-cycle test data values for city and highway to label fuel economy values:
1
Label CITY =
(o.004091 +
Label HWY =
1.1601
2CYCLE CITY;
1
/	1 2945
(0.003191 +¦
2 CYCLE HWYV
The updated 5-cycle calculations introduced for model year 2017 labels were based on test
data from model year 2011 to model year 2016 vehicles. Therefore, the authors chose to
apply the updated 5-cycle methodology to all model years from 2011 to 2017. This required
recalculating the real-world fuel economy of vehicles from model year 2011 to 2016 using
the new derived 5-cycle equations. Vehicles that conducted full 5-cycle testing or voluntarily
lowered fuel economy values were unchanged. The 43% city/ 57% highway weightings were
maintained for all vehicles in model years 2011 to 2017. The changes due to the 5-cycle
update were relatively small (0.1 to 0.2 mpg overall) and did not noticeably alter the
general data trends, therefore the authors determined that a phase-in period was not
required for this update.
Figure D.1 below summarizes the impact of the changes in real-world data methodology
relative to the 2-cycle test data, which has had a consistent methodology since 1975 (See
Appendix C for more information). Over time, the estimated real-world fuel economy of
new vehicles has continued to slowly diverge from 2-cycle test data, due largely to changing
technology, driving patterns, and vehicle design.
D-4

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Figure D.1. Estimated Real-World versus 2-Cycle Fuel Economy since Model
Year 1975
Phase I
1975-198$
Universal
adjustment factors
55%/45% weighting
Ratio of N
Estimated
Real-World
to 2-cycle:
85.2%
Phase ii
1986-2004
Phase III Phase IV
2005-2010 2011-2017
2006 5-cycle is phased-in
43%/57% weighting is phased in
2006 5-cycle 2017 5-cycle
43%/57%
weighting
43%/57%
weighting
Ratio of \
Estimated
Real-World
to 2-cycle:
76.6% J
	\	1	'	'	
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
2005 2010 2015
2-Cycle
method unchanged
since 1975
Estimated
Real-World
phases I - IV
Other Database Changes
Addition of Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
Beginning in 2011 medium-duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs), those SUVs and passenger
vans (but not pickup trucks) with gross vehicle weight ratings between 8,500 and 10,000
pounds, are included in the light-duty truck category. This coincided with new regulations
by NHTSA to treat these vehicles as light-duty, rather than heavy-duty, vehicles beginning in
model year 2011. This represents a minor change to the database, since the number of
MDPVs is much smaller than it once was (e.g., only 6,500 MDPVs were sold in model year
2012). It should be noted that this is one change to the database that has not been
propagated back through the historic database, as we do not have MDPV data prior to
model year 2011. Accordingly, this represents a small inflection point for the database for
the overall car and truck fleet in model year 2011; the inclusion of MDPVs decreased
average real-world fuel economy by 0.01 mpg and increased average real-world CO2
D-5

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emissions by 0.3 g/mi, compared to the fleet without MDPVs. The impacts on the truck fleet
only were about twice as high, but still very small in absolute terms. Pickup trucks above
8,500 pounds are not included in this report.
Addition of Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Data from alternative fuel vehicles are integrated into the overall database, beginning with
MY 2011 data. These vehicles include electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, fuel cell
vehicles, and compressed natural gas vehicles. CO2 emissions from alternative fuel vehicles
represent tailpipe emissions, and fuel economy for these vehicles is reported as mpge
(miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent), or the miles an alternative fuel vehicle can travel
on an amount of energy equivalent to that in a gallon of gasoline. Sales data prior to MY
2011 are included in some cases based on available industry reports (e.g., Ward's
Automotive data).
Changes in Vehicle Classification Definitions
The car-truck classifications in this report follow the current regulatory definitions used by
EPA and NHTSA for compliance with GHG emissions and CAFE standards (see definitions
for passenger automobiles (cars) and non-passenger automobiles (trucks) in 49 CFR 523).
These current definitions differ from those used in the 2010 and older versions of the Light-
Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends report, and
reflect a decision by NHTSA to reclassify many small, 2-wheel drive sport utility vehicles
(SUVs) from the truck category to the car category, beginning with model year 2011. When
this re-classification was initiated in the 2011 report, the absolute truck share decreased by
approximately 10%.
The current car-truck definitions have been propagated back throughout the entire
historical Trends database to maintain the integrity of long-term trends of car and truck
production share. Since the authors did not have all of the requisite technical information
on which to make retroactive car-truck classifications, we used engineering judgment to
classify past models.
This report previously presented data on more vehicle types, but recent vehicle design has
led to far less distinction between vehicle types and reporting on more disaggregated
vehicle types was no longer useful.
D-6

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Manufacturer Definitions
When a manufacturer grouping changes under the GHG and CAFE programs, the current
manufacturer definitions are generally applied to all prior model years. This maintains
consistent manufacturer and make definitions over time, which enables better
identification of long-term trends. However, some of the compliance data maintain the
previous manufacturer definitions where necessary to preserve the integrity of compliance
data as they were accrued.
Differences ie Production Data Between CAFE and GHG Regulations
The data used to discuss real-world trends in Sections 1 through 4 of this report are based
on production volumes reported under CAFE prior to model year 2017, not the GHG
standards. The production volume levels automakers provide in their final CAFE reports
may differ slightly from their final GHG reports (typically less than 0.1 %) because of
different reporting requirements. The EPA regulations require emission compliance in the
50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa,
and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, whereas the CAFE program
requires data from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico only. All
compliance data detailed in Section 5, for all years, are based on production volumes
reported under the GHG standards. Starting with model year 2017 and forward, the real-
world data are also based on production volumes reported under EPA's GHG standards. As
described above, the difference in production volumes is very small and does not impact
the long-term trends or analysis.
Impact of Federal Investigations
The Department of Justice and EPA have reached settlements with Volkswagen and Fiat
Chrysler Automobiles based on the sale of certain diesel vehicles equipped with devices to
defeat the vehicles' emission control systems. This report includes the original fuel
economy and GHG certification values of these vehicles, as EPA believes this is a
reasonable representation of how these vehicles were expected to perform. The affected
vehicles are certain model year 2009 to 2016 diesel vehicles from Volkswagen and 2014 to
2016 diesel vehicles from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and account for less than 1 % of
production in all affected years. For more information about these investigations, please
see https://www.epa.gov/vw or https://www.epa.gov/fca.
D-7

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E. Electric Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Metrics
Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs) have continued to gain market
share. While overall market penetration of these vehicles is still low, their production share
is projected to reach more than 2.5% in model year 2018. This section addresses some of
the technical metrics used both to quantify EV and PHEV operation and to integrate data
from these vehicles with gasoline and diesel vehicle data.
EVs operate using only energy stored in a battery from external charging. PHEVs blend EV
technology with more familiar powertrain technology from petroleum-fueled vehicles.
Current PHEVs feature both an electric drive system designed to be charged from an
electricity source external to the vehicle (like an EV) and a gasoline internal combustion
engine. There are generally three ways that a PHEV can operate:
•	Charge-depleting electric-only mode - In electric-only mode the vehicle operates
like an EV, using only energy stored in the battery to propel the vehicle.
•	Charge-depleting blended mode - In blended mode the vehicle uses both energy
stored in the battery and energy from the gasoline tank to propel the vehicle.
Depending on the vehicle design and driving conditions, blended operation can
include substantial all-electric driving.
•	Charge-sustaining mode - In charge-sustaining mode, the PHEV has exhausted the
external energy from the electric grid that is stored in the battery and relies on the
gasoline internal combustion engine. In charge-sustaining mode, the vehicle will
operate much like a traditional hybrid.
The presence of both electric drive and an internal combustion engine results in a complex
system that can be used in many different combinations, and manufacturers are choosing
to operate PHEV systems in different ways. This complicates direct comparisons among
PHEV models.
This section discusses EV and PHEV metrics for several example model year 2018 vehicles.
For consistency and clarity for the reader, the data for specific vehicles discussed in this
section reflect values from the EPA/DOT Fuel Economy and Environment Labels, which use
a 55% city/45% highway weighting for combined fuel economy and CO2 values. When data
for these vehicles are integrated into the data for the rest of the report, the real-world
highway and city values are combined using a 43% city/ 57% highway weighting.
Additionally, some PHEV calculations are also adjusted, as explained at the end of this
section.

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Table E.1 shows the label driving range for several EVs and PHEVs when operating only on
electricity, as well as the total electricity plus gasoline range for PHEVs. The average range
of new EVs is increasing, as shown in Section 4, and many EVs are approaching the range of
an average gasoline vehicle.26 PHEVs generally have a much smaller all electric range,
however the combined electric and gasoline range for PHEVs often exceeds gasoline-only
vehicles. Several PHEVs now exceed 500 miles of total range.
Table E.1. Model Year 2018 Example EV and PHEV Powertrain and Range



Electric
Total

Manufacturer
Model
Fuel or
Powertrain
Range
(miles)
Range
(miles)
Utility
Factor
GM
Bolt
EV
238
238
-
Nissan
Leaf
EV
151
151
-
Tesla
Model 3 LR
EV
310
310
-
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
33
570
0.62
GM
Volt
PHEV
53
420
0.76
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
48
340
0.73
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
25
640
0.53
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
16
480
0.38
Determining the electric range of PHEVs is complicated if the vehicle can operate in
blended modes. For PHEVs like the Chevrolet Volt, which cannot operate in blended mode,
the electric range represents the estimated range operating in electric only mode.
However, for PHEVs that operate in a blended mode, the electric range represents the
estimated range of the vehicle operating in either electric only or blended mode, due to the
design of the vehicle. For example, the VW (Porsche) Panamera uses electricity stored in its
battery and a small amount of gasoline to achieve an alternative fuel range of 16 miles.
Some PHEVs did not use any gasoline to achieve their electric range value on EPA test
cycles; however, certain driving conditions (e.g., more aggressive accelerations, higher
speeds, and air conditioning or heater operation) would likely cause these vehicles to
operate in a blended mode instead of an all-electric mode.
26 In addition to growing EV range, the number of public electric vehicle charging stations is growing rapidly. For
more information, see the U.S. Department of Energy's Alternative Fuels Data Center at
https://www.afdc.energv.gov/.
E2

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Table E.1 also introduces the concept of a utility factor. The utility factor is directly related
to the electric range for PHEVs, and is a projection, on average, of the percentage of miles
that will be driven using electricity (in electric-only and blended modes) by an average
driver. The model year 2018 Volt, for example, has a utility factor of 0.76, i.e., it is expected
that, on average, the Volt will operate 76% of the time on electricity and 24% of the time on
gasoline. Utility factor calculations are based on an SAE methodology that EPA has adopted
for regulatory compliance (SAE 2010).
Table E.2 shows five energy-related metrics for model year 2018 example EVs and PHEVs
that are included on the EPA/NHTSA Fuel Economy and Environment labels. Comparing the
energy or fuel efficiency performance from alternative fuel vehicles raises complex issues
of how to compare different fuels. Consumers and OEMs are familiar and comfortable with
evaluating gasoline and diesel vehicle fuel economy in terms of miles per gallon, and it is
the primary efficiency metric in this report. To enable this comparison for alternative fuel
vehicles, the overall energy efficiency of vehicles operating on electricity, hydrogen, and
CNG are evaluated in terms of miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent (an energy metric
described in more detail below).
Table E.2. Model Year 2018 Example EV and PHEV Fuel Economy Label Metrics
Charge


Fuel
Charge Depleting

Sustaining
Overall
Manufacturer
Model
or
Power
-train
Electricity
(kW-hrs/
100 miles)
Gasoline Fuel
(gallons/ Economy
100 miles) (mpge)
Fuel
Economy
(mpg)
Fuel
Economy
(mpge)
GM
Bolt
EV
28
-
119
N/A
119
Nissan
Leaf
EV
30
-
112
N/A
112
Tesla
Model 3 LR
EV
26
-
130
N/A
130
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
40
0.0
84
32
52
GM
Volt
PHEV
31
0.0
106
42
77
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
31
0.0
110
42
76
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
25
0.0
133
54
78
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
59
0.4
46
22
27
The fourth column in Table E.2 gives electricity consumption rates for EVs and PHEVs
during charge depleting operation in units of kilowatt-hours per 100 miles (kW-hrs/100
miles). As shown on the vehicle label, the electricity consumption rate is based on the
amount of electricity required from an electric outlet to charge the vehicle and includes

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wall-to-vehicle charging losses. The values for all of the EVs and PHEVs reflect the electricity
consumption rate required to operate the vehicle in either electric-only or blended mode
operation. PHEVs that are capable of operating in a blended mode may also consume
some gasoline in addition to electricity. Any additional gasoline used is shown in the fifth
column. For example, the VW (Porsche) Panamera PHEV consumes 59 kW-hrs and 0.4
gallons of gasoline per 100 miles during this combination of electric-only and blended
modes.
The sixth column converts the electricity consumption data in the fourth column and the
gasoline consumption data in the fifth column into a combined miles per gallon of
gasoline-equivalent (mpge) metric. The mpge metric is a measure of the miles the vehicle
can travel on an amount of energy that is equal to the amount of energy stored in a gallon
of gasoline. For a vehicle operating on electricity, mpge is calculated as 33.705 kW-
hrs/gallon divided by the vehicle electricity consumption in kW-hrs/mile. For example, for
the Leaf, 33.705 kW-hrs/gallon divided by 0.30 kW-hrs/mile (equivalent to 30 kW-hrs/100
miles) is 112 mpge.27 Because the VW (Porsche) Panamera 4 consumes both electricity and
gasoline over the alternative fuel range of 16 miles, the charge depleting fuel economy of
46 mpge includes both the electricity and gasoline consumption, at a rate of 59 kW-hrs/100
miles of electricity and 0.4 gal/100 miles of gasoline.
The seventh column gives label fuel economy values for vehicles operating on gasoline
only, which is relevant here only for the PHEVs operating in charge sustaining mode. For
PHEVs, the EPA/NHTSA label shows both electricity consumption in kW-hrs/100 miles and
mpge, when the vehicle operates exclusively on electricity or in a blended mode, and
gasoline fuel economy in mpg, when the vehicle operates exclusively on gasoline.
The final column gives the overall mpge values reflecting the overall energy efficiency of
the vehicle for all of the fuels on which the vehicle can operate, and provide a common
metric to compare vehicles that operate on different fuels. In addition to the energy
metrics in the previous columns, the one key additional parameter necessary to calculate a
combined electricity/gasoline mpge value for a PHEV is the utility factor that was
introduced in Table E.1. For EVs the overall fuel economy in the last column is equal to the
charge depleting fuel economy, as EVs can only operate in a charge depleting mode.
Table E.3 gives vehicle tailpipe CO2 emissions values that are included on the EPA/DOT Fuel
Economy and Environment labels (and reflected in the label's Greenhouse Gas Rating).
These label values reflect EPA's best estimate of the CO2 tailpipe emissions that these
27 The actual calculations were done with unrounded numbers. Using the rounded numbers provided here may
result in a slightly different number due to rounding error.
¦	IT" A
|S	' -~-£L

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vehicles will produce, on average, in real-world city and highway operation. EVs, of course,
have no tailpipe emissions. For the PHEVs, the label CO2 emissions values utilize the same
utility factors discussed above to weight the CO2 emissions on electric and gasoline
operation.
Table E.3 Model Year 2018 Example EV PHEV Label Tailpipe CO2 Emissions
Metrics


Fuel or
Tailpipe C02
Manufacturer
Model
Powertrain
(g/mile)
GM
Bolt
EV
0
Nissan
Leaf
EV
0
Tesla
Model 3 LR
EV
0
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
106
GM
Volt
PHEV
51
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
57
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
78
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
260
Table E.4 accounts for the "upstream" CO2 emissions associated with the production and
distribution of electricity used in EVs and PHEVs. Gasoline and diesel fuels also have CO2
emissions associated with their production and distribution, but these upstream emissions
are not reflected in the tailpipe CO2 emissions values discussed elsewhere in this report.
Combining vehicle tailpipe and fuel production/distribution sources, gasoline vehicles emit
about 80 percent of total CO2 emissions at the vehicle tailpipe with the remaining 20
percent of total CO2 emissions associated with upstream fuel production and distribution.
Diesel fuel has a similar approximate relationship between tailpipe and upstream CO2
emissions. On the other hand, vehicles powered by grid electricity emit no CO2 (or other
emissions) at the vehicle tailpipe; therefore, all CO2 emissions associated with an EV are
due to fuel production and distribution. Depending on how the electricity is produced,
these fuels can have very high fuel production/distribution CO2 emissions (for example, if
coal is used with no CO2 emissions control) or very low CO2 emissions (for example, if
renewable processes with minimal fossil energy inputs are used).
An additional complicating factor in Table E.4 is that electricity production in the United
States varies significantly from region to region and has been changing over time.
Hydroelectric plants provide a large percentage of electricity in the Northwest, while coal-
fired power plants produce the majority of electricity in the Midwest. Natural gas, wind, and
solar have increased their electricity market share in many regions of the country. Nuclear
E-5

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power plants make up most of the balance of U.S. electricity production. In order to bracket
the possible GHG emissions impact, Table E.4 provides ranges with the low end of the
range corresponding to the California power plant GHG emissions factor, the middle of the
range represented by the national average power plant GHG emissions factor, and the
upper end of the range corresponding to the power plant GHG emissions factor for part of
the Midwest (Illinois and Missouri).
Table E.4 Model Year 2018 Example EV PHEV Upstream CO2 Emission
Metrics (g/mi)
Tailpipe + Total	Tailpipe + Net


Fuel or
Upstream C02

Upstream C02

Manufacturer
Model
Powertrain
Low
Avg
High
Low
Avg
High
GM
Bolt
EV
76
139
219
17
80
160
Nissan
Leaf
EV
82
149
235
19
87
172
Tesla
Model 3 LR
EV
71
129
204
2
61
135
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
200
255
326
114
170
240
GM
Volt
PHEV
128
181
248
67
120
188
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
133
184
249
71
122
186
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
134
163
201
81
111
148
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
387
438
502
294
345
409

Average Car

366
366
366
293
293
293
Based on data from EPA's eGRID power plant database,28, and accounting for additional
greenhouse gas emissions impacts for feedstock processing upstream of the power
plant,29 EPA estimates that the electricity CO2 emission factors for various regions of the
country vary from 273 g C02/kW-hr in California to 783 g C02/kW-hr in the Midwest, with a
national average of 498 g C02/kW-hr. Emission rates for small regions in upstate New York
and Alaska have lower electricity upstream CO2 emission rates than California. However,
California is a good surrogate for the "low" end of the range because California is a leading
market for current EVs and PHEVs. Initial sales of electric vehicles have been largely, though
not exclusively, focused in regions of the country with power plant CO2 emissions factors
lower than the national average, such as California, New York, and other coastal areas.
Accordingly, in terms of CO2 emissions, EPA believes that the current "sales-weighted
28	Abt Associates 2018. The emissions & generation resource integrated database technical support document
for eGRID 2016, prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 2017.
29	Argonne National Laboratory 2018. GREET1_2017 Model, greet.es.anl.gov.
E-6

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average" vehicle operating on electricity in the near term will likely fall somewhere between
the low end of this range and the national average.30
The fourth through sixth columns in Table E.4 provide the range of tailpipe plus total
upstream CO2 emissions for EVs and PHEVs based on regional electricity emission rates.
For comparison, the average model year 2018 car is also included in the last row of Table
E.4. The methodology used to calculate the range of tailpipe plus total upstream CO2
emissions for EVs is shown in the following example for the model year 2018 Nissan Leaf:
•	Start with the label (5-cycle values weighted 55% city/45% highway) vehicle
electricity consumption in kW-hr/mile, which for the Leaf is 30 kW-hr/100 miles, or
0.30 kW-hr/mile
•	Determine the regional powerplant emission rate, regional losses during electricity
distribution, and the additional regional emissions due to fuel production upstream
of the powerplant (for California, these numbers are 239 g/kW-hr, 4.2%, and 9.3%,
respectively).
•	Determine the regional upstream emission factor (for California 239 g/kW-hr / (1 -
0.042) * (1 +0.093) = 273 g C02/kW-hr)31
•	Multiply by the range of Low (California = 273g C02/kW-hr), Average (National
Average = 498 g C02/kW-hr), and High (Midwest = 783 g C02/kW-hr) electricity
upstream CO2 emission rates, which yields a range for the Leaf of 82-235 grams
C02/mile.
The tailpipe plus total upstream CO2 emissions values for PHEVs include the upstream CO2
emissions due to electricity operation and both the tailpipe and upstream CO2 emissions
due to gasoline operation, using the utility factor discussed above to weight the values for
electricity and gasoline operation. The tailpipe plus total upstream CO2 emissions values
for the average car are the average real-world model year 2018 car tailpipe CO2 emissions
multiplied by 1.25 to account for upstream emissions due to gasoline production.
The values in columns four through six are tailpipe plus total upstream CO2 emissions. As
mentioned, all of the gasoline and diesel vehicle CO2 emissions data in the rest of this
report refer only to tailpipe emissions and do not reflect the upstream emissions
associated with gasoline or diesel production and distribution. Accordingly, in order to
30	To estimate the upstream greenhouse gas emissions associated with operating an EV or PHEV in a specific
geographical area, use the emissions calculator at www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=bt2.
31	The actual calculations were done with unrounded numbers. Using the rounded numbers provided here may
result in a slightly different number due to rounding error.

-------
equitably compare the overall relative impact of EVs and PHEVs with tailpipe emissions of
petroleum-fueled vehicles, EPA uses the metric "tailpipe plus net upstream emissions" for
EVs and PHEVs (note that this same approach has been adopted for EV and PHEV
regulatory compliance with the 2012-2025 light-duty vehicle GHG emissions standards for
sales of EVs and PHEVs in model year 2012-2016 and model year 2022-2025 that exceed
sales thresholds). The net upstream emissions for an EV is equal to the total upstream
emissions for the EV minus the upstream emissions that would be expected from a
comparably sized gasoline vehicle; size is a good first-order measure for utility, and
footprint is the size-based metric used for standards compliance. The net upstream
emissions for PHEVs are equal to the net upstream emissions of the PHEV due to electricity
consumption in electric or blended mode multiplied by the utility factor. The net upstream
emissions for a gasoline vehicle are zero.
For each EV or PHEV, the upstream emissions for a comparable gasoline vehicle are
determined by first using the footprint-based compliance curves to determine the CO2
compliance target for a vehicle with the same footprint. Since upstream emissions account
for approximately 20% of total CO2 emissions for gasoline vehicles, the upstream emissions
for the comparable gasoline vehicle are equal to one fourth of the tailpipe-only compliance
target.
The final three columns of Table E.4 give the tailpipe plus net upstream CO2 values for EVs
and PHEVs using the same Low, Average, and High electricity upstream CO2 emissions rates
discussed above. These values bracket the possible real-world net CO2 emissions that
would be associated with consumer use of these vehicles. For the Leaf, these values are
simply the values in columns four through six minus the upstream GHG emissions of a
comparably sized gasoline vehicle. Based on the model year 2018 CO2 footprint curve, the
5-cycle tailpipe GHG emissions for a Leaf-sized gasoline vehicle meeting its compliance
target would be close to 251 grams/mi, with upstream emissions of one-fourth of this
value, or 63 g/mi. The net upstream for the Leaf are determined by subtracting this value,
63 g/mi, from the total (tailpipe + total upstream) emissions for the Leaf. The result is a
range for the tailpipe plus net upstream value of 19-172 g/mile as shown in Table E.4, with
a more likely sales-weighted value in the 19-87 g/mi range.
For PHEVs, the tailpipe plus net upstream emissions values use the utility factor values
discussed above to weight the individual values for electric operation and gasoline
operation.
E-8

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Alternative Metric*
Determining metrics for EVs and PHEVs that are meaningful and accurate is challenging. In
particular, vehicles capable of using dual fuels, such as PHEVs, can have complicated
modes of operation that make it difficult to determine meaningful metrics. Here we've
discussed several metrics that are used on the EPA/DOT Fuel Economy and Environment
Labels and in a regulatory context, namely mpge, tailpipe CO2 emissions, and net upstream
GHG emissions. There are, however, other ways that alternative fuel vehicle operation can
be quantified.
Other energy metric options that could be considered include: (1) mpge plus net fuel life
cycle energy, which would also reflect differences in upstream energy consumption in
producing the alternative fuel relative to gasoline-from-oil; and (2) miles per gallon of
petroleum, which would only count petroleum use and not other forms of energy.
Compared to mpge, using the mpge plus net fuel life-cycle energy metric would generally
result in lower fuel economy values, and using the miles per gallon of petroleum metric
would yield higher fuel economy values.
al Note on PHEV Calculations
Calculating fuel economy and CO2 emission values for PHEVs is a complicated process, as
discussed in this section. The examples given for individual vehicles were based on
calculations behind the EPA/DOT Fuel Economy and Environment Labels. In addition to the
approach used for the labels, there are multiple methods for determining utility factors
depending on the intended use of the value. The standardized utility factor calculations are
defined in the Society of Automobile Engineers (SAE) document SAEJ2841.
The utility factors that are used for fleetwide calculations are somewhat different than
those used to create label values. For label values, multi-day individual utility factors
(MDIUF) are used to incorporate "a driver's day to day variation into the utility calculation."
For fleetwide calculations, fleet utility factors (FUF) are applied to "calculate the expected
fuel and electric consumption of an entire fleet of vehicles." Since the Trends report is
generally a fleetwide analysis, the FUF utility factors were applied, instead of the MDIUF
utility factors, when the data were integrated with the rest of the fleet data. Additionally,
since Trends uses a 43% city/57% highway weighting for combining real-world fuel
economy and CO2 data, the FUF utility factors created for Trends were based on that
weighting, not on 55% city/45% highway weighting used on the fuel economy label.
i

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F. Authors and Acknowledgments
The authors of this year's Trends report are Aaron Hula, Robert French, Andrea Maguire,
Amy Bunker, and Tristan Rojeck, all of whom work for the EPA Office of Transportation and
Air Quality's (OTAQ) at the National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor,
Michigan. OTAQ colleagues including Sara Zaremski, Line Wehrly, Robert Peavyhouse, and
Karen Danzeisen provided critical access and expertise pertaining to the EV-CIS data that
comprise the Trends database. The authors also want to thank Gwen Dietrich and David
Levin of OTAQ for greatly improving the design and layout of the report. General Dynamics
Information Technology (GDIT) under contract to OTAQ (contract number EP-C-16-012),
provided key support for database maintenance, and table and figure generation.
DOT/NHTSA staff reviewed the report and provided helpful comments. Of course, the EPA
authors take full responsibility for the content and any errors.
The authors also want to acknowledge those OTAQ staff that played key roles in creating
and maintaining the Trends database and report since its inception in the early 1970s. Karl
Hellman, who conceived of and developed the initial Trends reports with Thomas Austin in
the early 1970s, was the guiding force behind the Trends report for over 30 years. The late
Dill Murrell made significant contributions from the late 1970s through the early 1990s,
and Robert Heavenrich was a lead author from the early 1980s through 2006. Jeff Alson
took the lead with the 2007 report, overseeing its continued transformation and
modernization until his retirement in 2018. Jeff also worked tirelessly to bring the historical
Trends report alongside the relatively newer Greenhouse Gas Performance Report such
that the relationship between the reports and their data could be presented coherently to
the public. Jeffs work set the stage for this first edition that integrates the content of these
two reports into a single volume.
1	1

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Report Tables
Section 2 Tables
•	Table 2.1: Estimated Real-World CO2, Fuel Economy and Key Parameters
•	Table 2.2: Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy (MPG) and CO2 Emissions
for Model Year 2016-2018
Section 3 Tables
•	Table 3.1: Vehicle Attributes by Model Year
•	Table 3.2: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 by Vehicle Type
•	Table 3.3: Model Year 2017 Vehicle Attributes by Manufacturer
•	Table 3.4: Model Year 2017 Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and CO2 by
Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
•	Table 3.5: Footprint by Manufacturer for Model Year 2016-2018 (ft2)
Section 4 Tables
•	Table 4.1: Production Share by Engine Technologies
•	Table 4.2: Production Share by Transmission Technologies
•	Table 4.3: Production Share by Drive Technology
Section 5 Figures
•	Figure 5.3: Changes in "2-Cycle" Tailpipe CO2 Emissions, Model Year 2012 to 2017 (g/mi)
•	Figure 5.4: Model Year 2017 Production of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs
•	Figure 5.5: Model Year 2017 Advanced Technology Credits by Manufacturer
•	Figure 5.6: Production of FFVs, Model Year 2012-2017
•	Figure 5.7: FFV Credits by Model Year (g/mi)
•	Figure 5.8: HFO-1234yf Adoption by Manufacturer
•	Figure 5.9: Fleetwide A/C Credits by Credit Type
•	Figure 5.10: Total A/C Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017
•	Figure 5.11: Off-Cycle Menu Technology Adoption by Manufacturer
•	Figure 5.12: Total Off-Cycle Credits by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017
•	Figure 5.13: Early Credits Reported and Expired by Manufacturer
•	Figure 5.14: Performance and Standards by Manufacturer, 2017 Model Year
•	Figure 5.15: Total Credits Transactions Through Model Year 2017
•	Figure 5.16: Manufacturer Credit Balance After Model Year 2017
•	Figure 5.17: Industry Performance and Standards, Credit Generation and Use

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Report Tabl es, continued
Section 5 Tables
•	Table 5.1: Manufacturer Footprint and Standards for Model Year 2017
•	Table 5.2: Production Multipliers by Model Year
•	Table 5.3: Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from the Menu, by
Manufacturer and Technology (g/ml)
•	Table 5.4: Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from an Alternative
Methodology, by Manufacturer and Technology (g/ml)
•	Table 5.5: Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, All (g/ml)
•	Table 5.6: Industry Performance by Model Year 2017, All (g/ml)
•	Table 5.7: Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Car (g/ml)
•	Table 5.8: Industry Performance by Model Year, Car (g/ml)
•	Table 5.9: Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Truck (g/ml)
•	Table 5.10: Industry Performance by Model Year 2017, Truck (g/ml)
•	Table 5.11: Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, All
•	Table 5.12: Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, All
•	Table 5.13: Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Car
•	Table 5.14: Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Car
•	Table 5.15: Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Truck
•	Table 5.16: Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Truck
•	Table 5.17: Final Credit Balance by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017 (Mg)
•	Table 5.18: Distribution of Credits by Expiration Date (Mg)
Appendices
•	Table A.1: Comparison of Preliminary and Final Real-World Fuel Economy Values (mpg)
•	Table C.1: Fuel Economy Metrics for the Model Year 2017 Toyota Prius Eco
•	Table E.1: Model Year 2018 Alternative Fuel Vehicle Powertrain and Range
•	Table E.2: Model Year 2018 Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fuel Economy Label Metrics
•	Table E.3: Model Year 2018 EV and PHEV Label Tailpipe CO2 Emissions Metrics
•	Table E.4: Model Year 2018 EV and PHEV Upstream CO2 Emission Metrics (g/ml)

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^EPA
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 2 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 2.1
Estimated Real-World C02, Fuel Economy and Key Parameters






Overall Vehicle

Gasoline (Non-hybrid) Vehicle






with Highest Fuel Economy*

with Highest Fuel Economy




Mfr. with
Mfr. with






Production
Real-World
Real-World
Highest Fuel
Lowest Fuel

Real-World
Engine
Gasoline
Real-World
Model Year
(000)
C02 (g/mi)
FE (mpg)
Economy (mpg) Economy (mpg)
Vehicle
FE (mpg)
Type
Vehicle
FE (mpg)
1975
10,224
681
13.1
Honda
Ford
Honda Civic
28.3
Gas
Honda Civic
28.3
1976
12,334
625
14.2
Honda
Ford
Honda Civic
30.5
Gas
Honda Civic
30.5
1977
14,123
590
15.1
Honda
FCA
Honda Civic
37.6
Gas
Honda Civic
37.6
1978
14,448
562
15.8
Mazda
Ford
VW Rabbit
37.5
Diesel
Nissan-Mitsubishi
34.3
1979
13,882
560
15.9
Honda
Ford
VW Rabbit
39.1
Diesel
Nissan-Mitsubishi
33.6
1980
11,306
466
19.2
VW
Ford
VW Rabbit
40.3
Diesel
Nissan-Mitsubishi
36.1
1981
10,554
436
20.5
VW
Ford
VW Rabbit
40.9
Diesel
Toyota Starlet
37.9
1982
9,732
425
21.1
Honda
Ford
VW Rabbit
42.7
Diesel
Nissan-Mitsubishi
41.0
1983
10,302
426
21.0
Honda
Ford
Nissan-Mitsubishi
45.3
Diesel
Honda Civic
42.4
1984
14,020
424
21.0
Honda
Ford
Honda Civic
48.0
Gas
Honda Civic
48.0
1985
14,460
417
21.3
Honda
Mercedes
GM Sprint
49.6
Gas
GM Sprint
49.6
1986
15,365
407
21.8
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Sprint
56.8
Gas
GM Sprint
56.8
1987
14,865
405
22.0
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Sprint
54.8
Gas
GM Sprint
54.8
1988
15,295
407
21.9
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Metro
54.4
Gas
GM Metro
54.4
1989
14,453
415
21.4
Hyundai
Mercedes
Honda CRX
50.6
Gas
Honda Civic
50.6
1990
12,615
420
21.2
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Metro
53.4
Gas
GM Metro
53.4
1991
12,573
418
21.3
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Metro
53.0
Gas
GM Metro
53.0
1992
12,172
427
20.8
Hyundai
Mercedes
GM Metro
52.6
Gas
GM Metro
52.6
1993
13,211
426
20.9
Honda
Mercedes
GM Metro
52.2
Gas
GM Metro
52.2
1994
14,125
436
20.4
Kia
FCA
GM Metro
52.2
Gas
GM Metro
52.2
1995
15,145
434
20.5
Honda
FCA
Honda Civic
47.3
Gas
Honda Civic
47.3
1996
13,144
435
20.4
Hyundai
FCA
Suzuki Swift
43.3
Gas
Suzuki Swift
43.3
1997
14,458
441
20.2
Hyundai
FCA
GM Metro
42.8
Gas
GM Metro
42.8
1998
14,456
442
20.1
Honda
FCA
GM Metro
42.0
Gas
GM Metro
42.0
1999
15,215
451
19.7
Hyundai
FCA
VW Jetta
41.0
Diesel
GM Metro
39.3
2000
16,571
450
19.8
Hyundai
FCA
Honda Insight
57.4
Hybrid
GM Metro
39.4
2001
15,605
453
19.6
Hyundai
FCA
Honda Insight
56.3
Hybrid
Honda Civic
37.3
2002
16,115
457
19.5
Honda
FCA
Honda Insight
55.6
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.9
2003
15,773
454
19.6
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
55.0
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.5
2004
15,709
461
19.3
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.5
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.3
2005
15,892
447
19.9
Honda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.3
Hybrid
Honda Civic
35.1
2006
15,104
442
20.1
Mazda
Ford
Honda Insight
53.0
Hybrid
Toyota Corolla
32.3
2007
15,276
431
20.6
Toyota
Mercedes
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Toyota Yaris
32.6
2008
13,898
424
21.0
Hyundai
Mercedes
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Smart Fortwo
37.1
2009
9,316
397
22.4
Toyota
FCA
Toyota Prius
46.2
Hybrid
Smart Fortwo
37.1
2010
11,116
394
22.6
Hyundai
Mercedes
Honda FCX
60.2
FCV
Smart Fortwo
36.8
2011
12,018
399
22.3
Hyundai
Mercedes
BMW Active E
100.6
EV
Smart Fortwo
35.7
2012
13,449
377
23.6
Hyundai
FCA
Nissan-i-MiEV
109.0
EV
Toyota iQ
36.8
2013
15,198
368
24.2
Hyundai
FCA
Toyota IQ
117.0
EV
Toyota iQ
36.8
2014
15,512
369
24.1
Mazda
FCA
BMW i3
121.3
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
39.5
2015
16,739
361
24.6
Mazda
FCA
BMW i3
121.3
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
39.5
2016
16,267
359
24.7
Mazda
FCA
BMW i3
121.3
EV
Mazda 2
37.1
2017
17,011
357
24.9
Honda
FCA
Hyundai loniq
132.6
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
41.5
2018 (prelim)
-
348
25.4
Honda
FCA
Hyundai loniq
132.6
EV
Mitsubishi Mirage
40.1
*Vehicles are shown based on estimated real-world fuel economy as calculated for this report. These values will differ from values found on the fuel economy labels at the time of
sale. For more information on fuel economy metrics see Appendix C.
1

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 2 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 2.2
Manufacturer Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy (MPG) and C02 Emissions for Model Year 2016 - 2018

MY 2016 Final
MY 2017 Final
MY 2018 Preliminary

Real-World


Fuel Economy

C02 Change
Real-World


Fuel
Real-World
Real-World
Change from
Real-World
from
Fuel
Real-World

Economy
C02
Fuel Economy
MY 2016
co2
MY 2016
Economy
CO 2
Manufacturer
(mPg)
(g/mi)
(mPg)
(mPg)
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
(mpg)
(g/mi)
BMW
25.5
349
25.9
0.4
341
-7
26.2
336
FCA
21.5
413
21.2
-0.4
420
7
21.9
406
Ford
22.8
389
22.9
0.0
388
-1
22.7
392
GM
22.4
397
22.9
0.5
388
-8
23.3
380
Honda
28.2
315
29.4
1.2
302
-13
29.5
300
Hyundai
28.8
309
28.6
-0.2
311
2
27.9
318
Kia
26.2
338
27.2
0.9
327
-11
27.7
319
Mazda
29.6
301
29.0
-0.5
306
5
28.7
312
Mercedes
23.7
376
23.1
-0.6
385
9
23.7
374
Nissan-Mitsubishi
27.8
318
27.1
-0.7
327
9
26.8
329
Subaru
28.1
317
28.5
0.4
312
-5
28.4
313
Toyota
25.0
355
25.3
0.3
351
-4
26.0
341
VW
26.6
334
26.5
-0.2
335
2
25.1
353
All Manufacturers
24.7
359
24.9
0.2
357
-3
25.4
348

2

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1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 3 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
E PA-420- R-19-002
March 2019
Table 3.1
Vehicle Attributes by Model Year
Car	Truck
Real-World Real-World FE Weight Horsepower 0to60 Footprint Production Production
COz (g/mi)
(mPg)
(lbs)
(HP)
(s)
(ft2)
Share
Share
681
13.1
4,060
137
-
-
80.7%
19.3%
625
14.2
4,079
135
-
-
78.9%
21.1%
590
15.1
3,982
136
-
-
80.1%
19.9%
562
15.8
3,715
129
13.6
-
77.5%
22.5%
560
15.9
3,655
124
14.6
-
77.9%
22.1%
466
19.2
3,228
104
15.6
-
83.5%
16.5%
436
20.5
3,202
102
15.6
-
82.8%
17.2%
425
21.1
3,202
103
16.6
-
80.5%
19.5%
426
21.0
3,257
107
14.9
-
78.0%
22.0%
424
21.0
3,262
109
14.7
-
76.5%
23.5%
417
21.3
3,271
114
14.1
-
75.2%
24.8%
407
21.8
3,238
114
13.4
-
72.1%
27.9%
405
22.0
3,221
118
13.4
-
72.8%
27.2%
407
21.9
3,283
123
13.3
-
70.9%
29.1%
415
21.4
3,351
129
12.5
-
70.1%
29.9%
420
21.2
3,426
135
11.5
-
70.4%
29.6%
418
21.3
3,410
138
11.4
-
69.6%
30.4%
427
20.8
3,512
145
11.0
-
68.6%
31.4%
426
20.9
3,519
147
10.3
-
67.6%
32.4%
436
20.4
3,603
152
10.1
-
61.9%
38.1%
434
20.5
3,613
158
10.1
-
63.5%
36.5%
435
20.4
3,659
164
10.4
-
62.2%
37.8%
441
20.2
3,727
169
10.2
-
60.1%
39.9%
442
20.1
3,744
171
10.4
-
58.3%
41.7%
451
19.7
3,835
179
10.3
-
58.3%
41.7%
450
19.8
3,821
181
9.8
-
58.8%
41.2%
453
19.6
3,879
187
9.5
-
58.6%
41.4%
457
19.5
3,951
195
9.4
-
55.2%
44.8%
454
19.6
3,999
199
9.3
-
53.9%
46.1%
461
19.3
4,111
211
9.1
-
52.0%
48.0%
447
19.9
4,059
209
9.0
-
55.6%
44.4%
442
20.1
4,067
213
8.9
-
57.9%
42.1%
431
20.6
4,093
217
8.9
-
58.9%
41.1%
424
21.0
4,085
219
8.9
48.9
59.3%
40.7%
397
22.4
3,914
208
8.8
47.9
67.0%
33.0%
394
22.6
4,001
214
8.8
48.5
62.8%
37.2%
399
22.3
4,126
230
8.5
49.5
57.8%
42.2%
377
23.6
3,979
222
8.5
48.8
64.4%
35.6%
368
24.2
4,003
226
8.4
49.1
64.1%
35.9%
369
24.1
4,060
230
8.3
49.7
59.3%
40.7%
361
24.6
4,035
229
8.3
49.4
57.4%
42.6%
359
24.7
4,035
230
8.3
49.5
55.3%
44.7%
357
24.9
4,093
233
8.2
49.8
52.5%
47.5%
348
25.4
4,094
237
8.0
50.0
51.7%
48.3%
3

-------
2 EZDA
U*.«#4 St*««a
*B«W¥
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 3 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 3.2
Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 by Vehicle Type

Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV
Minivan/Van
Pickup


Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-


World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Model Year
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
1975
80.6%
660
13.5
0.1%
799
11.1
1.7%
806
11.0
4.5%
800
11.1
13.1%
746
11.9
1976
78.8%
598
14.9
0.1%
840
10.6
1.9%
755
11.8
4.1%
754
11.8
15.1%
714
12.4
1977
80.0%
570
15.6
0.1%
731
12.2
1.9%
692
12.8
3.6%
710
12.5
14.3%
656
13.6
1978
77.3%
525
16.9
0.1%
768
11.6
2.5%
723
12.3
4.3%
736
12.1
15.7%
668
13.3
1979
77.8%
517
17.2
0.1%
623
14.3
2.8%
844
10.5
3.5%
774
11.5
15.9%
674
13.2
1980
83.5%
446
20.0
0.0%
610
14.6
1.6%
676
13.2
2.1%
629
14.1
12.7%
541
16.5
1981
82.7%
418
21.4
0.0%
605
14.7
1.3%
621
14.3
2.3%
599
14.8
13.6%
500
17.9
1982
80.3%
402
22.2
0.1%
450
19.8
1.5%
616
14.7
3.2%
605
14.7
14.8%
486
18.5
1983
77.7%
403
22.1
0.3%
430
20.7
2.5%
568
15.8
3.7%
593
15.1
15.8%
473
18.9
1984
76.1%
397
22.4
0.4%
461
19.3
4.1%
551
16.2
4.8%
552
16.1
14.6%
488
18.3
1985
74.6%
387
23.0
0.6%
443
20.1
4.5%
538
16.5
5.9%
537
16.5
14.4%
489
18.2
1986
71.7%
375
23.7
0.4%
470
18.9
4.6%
523
17.0
6.8%
509
17.5
16.5%
471
18.9
1987
72.2%
373
23.8
0.6%
458
19.4
5.2%
515
17.3
7.5%
503
17.7
14.4%
467
19.0
1988
70.2%
368
24.1
0.7%
462
19.2
5.6%
522
17.0
7.4%
497
17.9
16.1%
490
18.1
1989
69.3%
375
23.7
0.7%
465
19.1
5.7%
537
16.6
8.8%
499
17.8
15.4%
499
17.8
1990
69.8%
381
23.3
0.5%
472
18.8
5.1%
541
16.4
10.0%
498
17.8
14.5%
511
17.4
1991
67.8%
379
23.4
1.8%
488
18.2
6.9%
531
16.7
8.2%
496
17.9
15.3%
489
18.2
1992
66.6%
385
23.1
2.0%
498
17.8
6.2%
548
16.2
10.0%
496
17.9
15.1%
508
17.5
1993
64.0%
379
23.5
3.6%
522
17.0
6.3%
546
16.3
10.9%
488
18.2
15.2%
505
17.6
1994
59.6%
382
23.3
2.3%
493
18.0
9.1%
555
16.0
10.0%
498
17.8
18.9%
510
17.4
1995
62.0%
379
23.4
1.5%
499
17.8
10.5%
555
16.0
11.0%
492
18.1
15.0%
526
16.9
1996
60.0%
381
23.3
2.2%
482
18.4
12.2%
548
16.2
10.7%
485
18.3
14.9%
518
17.1
1997
57.6%
380
23.4
2.5%
462
19.2
14.5%
551
16.1
8.8%
489
18.2
16.7%
528
16.8
1998
55.1%
380
23.4
3.1%
487
18.2
14.7%
550
16.2
10.3%
475
18.7
16.7%
523
17.0
1999
55.1%
386
23.0
3.2%
480
18.5
15.4%
553
16.1
9.6%
486
18.3
16.7%
546
16.3
2000
55.1%
388
22.9
3.7%
497
17.9
15.2%
555
16.0
10.2%
478
18.6
15.8%
534
16.7
2001
53.9%
386
23.0
4.8%
472
18.8
17.3%
541
16.4
7.9%
493
18.0
16.1%
557
16.0
2002
51.5%
385
23.1
3.7%
460
19.3
22.3%
545
16.3
7.7%
475
18.7
14.8%
564
15.8
2003
50.2%
382
23.3
3.6%
446
19.9
22.6%
541
16.4
7.8%
468
19.0
15.7%
553
16.1
2004
48.0%
384
23.1
4.1%
445
20.0
25.9%
539
16.5
6.1%
464
19.2
15.9%
565
15.7
2005
50.5%
379
23.5
5.1%
440
20.2
20.6%
531
16.7
9.3%
460
19.3
14.5%
561
15.8
2006
52.9%
382
23.3
5.0%
434
20.5
19.9%
518
17.2
7.7%
455
19.5
14.5%
551
16.1
2007
52.9%
369
24.1
6.0%
431
20.6
21.7%
503
17.7
5.5%
456
19.5
13.8%
550
16.2
2008
52.7%
366
24.3
6.6%
419
21.2
22.1%
489
18.2
5.7%
448
19.8
12.9%
539
16.5
2009
60.5%
351
25.3
6.5%
403
22.0
18.4%
461
19.3
4.0%
443
20.1
10.6%
526
16.9
2010
54.5%
340
26.2
8.2%
386
23.0
20.7%
452
19.7
5.0%
442
20.1
11.5%
527
16.9
2011
47.8%
344
25.8
10.0%
378
23.5
25.5%
449
19.8
4.3%
424
20.9
12.3%
516
17.2
2012
55.0%
322
27.6
9.4%
381
23.3
20.6%
445
20.0
4.9%
418
21.3
10.1%
516
17.2
2013
54.1%
313
28.4
10.0%
365
24.3
21.8%
427
20.8
3.8%
422
21.1
10.4%
509
17.5
2014
49.2%
313
28.4
10.1%
364
24.4
23.9%
412
21.6
4.3%
418
21.3
12.4%
493
18.0
2015
47.2%
306
29.0
10.2%
353
25.1
28.1%
406
21.9
3.9%
408
21.8
10.7%
474
18.8
2016
43.8%
303
29.2
11.5%
338
26.2
29.1%
400
22.2
3.9%
410
21.7
11.7%
471
18.9
2017
41.0%
293
30.2
11.5%
339
26.2
31.8%
398
22.4
3.6%
399
22.2
12.1%
470
18.9
2018 (prelim)
42.0%
284
30.8
9.7%
331
26.8
31.7%
387
23.0
3.3%
386
22.9
13.3%
462
19.3
4

-------
fcptKSifjl
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 3 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
E PA-420- R-19-002
March 2019
Table 3.3
Model Year 2017 Vehicle Attributes by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Real-World
C02 (g/mi)
Real-World
Fuel Economy Weight
(mpg) (lbs)
HP
0 to 60
(s)
Footprint
(ft2)
BMW
341
25.9
4,107
257
7.0
47.9
FCA
420
21.2
4,510
280
7.5
52.8
Ford
388
22.9
4,360
262
7.9
52.5
GM
388
22.9
4,520
265
8.0
53.5
Honda
302
29.4
3,595
203
8.1
47.1
Hyundai
311
28.6
3,458
176
8.9
46.5
Kia
327
27.2
3,592
186
00
CO
47.2
Mazda
306
29.0
3,569
178
8.9
46.0
Mercedes
385
23.1
4,536
288
7.0
50.0
Nissan- Mitsubishi
327
27.1
3,770
201
8.9
47.6
Subaru
312
28.5
3,724
181
9.3
45.0
Toyota
351
25.3
4,059
216
8.5
49.0
VW
335
26.5
3,894
225
7.9
46.3
Other
319
26.6
4,747
336
6.4
51.0
All Manufacturers
357
24.9
4,093
233
8.2
49.8
5

-------
H€PA
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 3 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 3.4
Model Year 2017 Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy and C02 by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type

Sedan/Wagon
Car SUV
Truck SUV

Minivan/Va
n
Pickup


Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-

Real-
Real-


World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

World
World

Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Prod
C02
FE
Manufacturer
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
Share
(g/mi)
(mpg)
BMW
62.7%
314
28.0
5.5%
362
24.6
31.8%
391
22.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
FCA
10.4%
373
23.7
9.0%
354
25.1
45.6%
423
21.0
16.9%
400
22.2
18.1%
493
18.1
Ford
31.1%
319
27.8
14.8%
352
25.2
32.5%
427
20.8
1.8%
413
21.5
19.8%
457
19.5
GM
30.6%
292
30.2
13.1%
341
26.0
31.4%
439
20.3
0.0%
699
12.7
24.9%
467
19.1
Honda
58.2%
270
32.8
8.4%
301
29.5
28.7%
351
25.3
1.7%
383
23.2
3.0%
408
21.8
Hyundai
63.1%
277
32.1
30.6%
357
24.9
6.2%
430
20.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
Kia
55.0%
280
31.7
17.4%
354
25.1
21.6%
399
22.3
6.0%
423
21.0
-
-
-
Mazda
57.2%
283
31.5
13.9%
321
27.6
29.0%
345
25.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mercedes
50.7%
342
25.9
7.0%
340
26.1
40.8%
445
20.0
1.5%
396
22.5
-
-
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
56.1%
293
30.2
10.2%
307
28.9
24.9%
368
24.1
2.0%
354
25.1
6.9%
480
18.5
Subaru
26.8%
311
28.6
-
-
-
73.2%
312
28.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Toyota
41.6%
278
31.9
9.9%
342
25.9
27.2%
385
23.1
5.7%
399
22.3
15.6%
476
18.7
VW
72.0%
308
28.8
3.5%
395
22.5
24.5%
406
21.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
Other
34.1%
230
34.3
9.9%
106
51.3
56.0%
411
21.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
All Manufacturers
41.0%
293
30.2
11.5%
339
26.2
31.8%
398
22.4
3.6%
399
22.2
12.1%
470
18.9
6

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 3 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
E PA-420- R-19-002
March 2019
Table 3.5
Footprint by Manufacturer for Model Year 2016 - 2018 (ft2)
Manufacturer
Final MY 2016
Final MY 2017
Preliminary MY 2018
Car
Truck
All
Car
Truck
All
Car
Truck
All
BMW
47.1
50.6
48.0
46.7
50.6
47.9
47.0
50.8
48.0
FCA
47.5
53.2
51.4
47.4
54.1
52.8
48.9
52.4
51.6
Ford
46.7
59.0
53.3
46.9
57.3
52.5
46.8
60.1
55.2
GM
46.6
59.1
53.2
46.6
58.9
53.5
46.3
58.3
53.3
Honda
45.3
49.6
47.0
45.9
49.7
47.1
46.3
50.5
47.8
Hyundai
46.3
49.2
46.3
46.3
49.2
46.5
46.8
47.5
46.9
Kia
45.9
51.3
47.1
46.1
50.0
47.2
46.1
50.2
47.2
Mazda
45.4
47.1
46.0
45.5
47.2
46.0
45.5
48.1
46.3
Mercedes
47.5
51.7
48.9
48.5
52.0
50.0
48.3
51.3
49.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
45.8
49.5
46.9
45.8
51.3
47.6
45.8
52.0
48.0
Subaru
44.7
44.8
44.7
45.1
45.0
45.0
45.1
45.0
45.0
Toyota
45.5
52.5
48.5
45.6
52.6
49.0
45.7
51.1
48.2
VW
45.1
48.9
45.9
45.0
50.2
46.3
45.6
50.0
47.4
Other
51.0
51.3
51.2
50.8
51.1
51.0
49.7
50.4
50.0
All Manufacturers
46.1
53.7
49.5
46.2
53.8
49.8
46.5
53.8
50.0
7

-------
#EPA
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 4 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 4.1
Production Share by Engine Technologies
Model Year
Powertrairi
Fuel Delivery Method
Avg. No. of
Cylinders
CID
HP
Multi-
Valve
WT
CD
Turbo
Stop/
Start
Gasoline
Gasoline
Hybrid
Diesel
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Electric
FCV
1975
99.8%

0.2%

95.7%

4.1%
0.0%


6.8
293
137





1976
99.8%

0.2%

97.3%

2.5%
0.0%


6.9
294
135





1977
99.6%

0.4%

96.2%

3.4%
0.0%


6.9
287
136





1978
99.1%

0.9%

95.2%

3.9%
0.0%


6.7
266
129





1979
98.0%

2.0%

94.2%

3.7%
0.1%


6.5
252
124





1980
95.7%

4.3%

89.7%

5.2%
0.8%


5.6
198
104





1981
94.1%

5.9%

86.7%

5.1%
2.4%


5.5
193
102





1982
94.4%

5.6%

80.6%

5.8%
8.0%


5.4
188
103





1983
97.3%

2.7%

75.2%

7.3%
14.8%


5.5
193
107





1984
98.2%

1.8%

67.6%

11.9%
18.7%


5.5
190
109





1985
99.1%

0.9%

56.1%

18.2%
24.8%


5.5
189
114





1986
99.6%

0.4%

41.4%

32.5%
25.7%


5.3
180
114
3.4%




1987
99.7%

0.3%

28.4%

39.9%
31.4%


5.2
175
118
10.6%




1988
99.9%

0.1%

15.0%

50.6%
34.3%


5.3
180
123
14.0%




1989
99.9%

0.1%

8.7%

57.3%
33.9%


5.4
185
129
16.9%




1990
99.9%

0.1%

2.1%

70.8%
27.0%


5.4
185
135
23.1%




1991
99.9%

0.1%

0.6%

70.6%
28.7%


5.3
184
138
23.1%




1992
99.9%

0.1%

0.5%

81.6%
17.8%


5.5
191
145
23.3%




1993
100.0%



0.3%

85.0%
14.6%


5.5
191
147
23.5%




1994
100.0%

0.0%

0.1%

87.7%
12.1%


5.6
197
152
26.7%




1995
100.0%

0.0%



91.6%
8.4%


5.6
196
158
35.6%




1996
99.9%

0.1%



99.3%
0.7%


5.6
197
164
39.3%


0.2%

1997
99.9%

0.1%



99.5%
0.5%


5.7
199
169
39.6%


0.4%

1998
99.9%

0.1%



99.8%
0.1%


5.6
199
171
40.9%


0.8%

1999
99.9%

0.1%



99.9%
0.1%


5.8
203
179
43.4%


1.4%

2000
99.8%
0.0%
0.1%



99.8%
0.0%


5.7
200
181
44.8%
15.0%

1.3%

2001
99.7%
0.1%
0.1%



99.9%



5.8
201
187
49.0%
19.6%

2.0%

2002
99.6%
0.2%
0.2%



99.8%



5.8
203
195
53.3%
25.3%

2.2%

2003
99.5%
0.3%
0.2%



99.8%



5.8
204
199
55.5%
30.6%

1.2%

2004
99.4%
0.5%
0.1%



99.9%



5.9
212
211
62.3%
38.5%

2.3%

2005
98.6%
1.1%
0.3%



99.7%



5.8
205
209
65.6%
45.8%
0.8%
1.7%

2006
98.1%
1.5%
0.4%



99.6%



5.7
204
213
71.7%
55.4%
3.6%
2.1%

2007
97.7%
2.2%
0.1%



99.8%



5.6
203
217
71.7%
57.3%
7.3%
2.5%

2008
97.4%
2.5%
0.1%


2.3%
97.6%



5.6
199
219
76.4%
58.2%
6.7%
3.0%

2009
97.2%
2.3%
0.5%


4.2%
95.2%



5.2
183
208
83.8%
71.5%
7.3%
3.3%

2010
95.5%
3.8%
0.7%
0.0%

8.3%
91.0%


0.0%
5.3
188
214
85.5%
83.8%
6.4%
3.3%

2011
97.0%
2.2%
0.8%
0.1%

15.4%
83.8%

0.1%
0.0%
5.4
192
230
86.4%
93.1%
9.5%
6.8%

2012
95.5%
3.1%
0.9%
0.4%

22.5%
76.5%

0.1%
0.0%
5.1
181
222
91.8%
96.6%
8.1%
8.4%
0.6%
2013
94.8%
3.6%
0.9%
0.7%

30.5%
68.3%

0.3%

5.1
176
226
92.8%
97.4%
7.7%
13.9%
2.3%
2014
95.7%
2.6%
1.0%
0.7%

37.4%
61.3%

0.3%
0.0%
5.1
180
230
89.2%
97.6%
10.6%
14.8%
5.1%
2015
95.9%
2.4%
0.9%
0.7%

41.9%
56.7%

0.5%
0.0%
5.0
177
229
91.2%
97.2%
10.5%
15.7%
7.1%
2016
96.9%
1.8%
0.5%
0.8%

48.0%
51.0%

0.5%
0.0%
5.0
174
230
92.3%
98.0%
10.4%
19.9%
9.6%
2017
96.1%
2.3%
0.3%
1.4%

49.7%
49.4%

0.6%
0.0%
5.0
174
233
91.9%
98.1%
11.9%
23.4%
17.8%
2018 (prelim)
92.8%
3.6%
0.9%
2.7%

50.7%
46.6%

1.8%
0.0%
5.0
169
237
91.7%
95.7%
11.8%
30.8%
28.3%
8

-------
SEPA
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 4 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 4.2
Production Share by Transmission Technologies
Model Year
Manual
Automatic
with Lockup
Automatic
without
Lockup
CVT (Hybrid)
CVT
(Non-
Hybrid)
Other
4 Gears
or Fewer
5 Gears
6
Gears
7
Gears
8
Gears
9+ Gears
CVT
(Hybrid)
CVT
(Non-
Hybrid)
Avg. No.
of Gears
1975
23.0%
0.2%
76.8%
-
-
-
99.0%
1.0%
-

-


-
-
1976
20.9%
-
79.1%
-
-
-
100.0%
-
-

-


-
-
1977
19.8%
-
80.2%
-
-
-
100.0%
-


-


-
-
1978
22.7%
5.5%
71.9%
-
-
-
92.7%
7.3%


-


-
-
1979
24.2%
7.3%
68.1%
-
-
0.4%
93.8%
6.2%


-


-
3.3
1980
34.6%
18.1%
46.8%
-
-
0.5%
87.9%
12.1%


-


-
3.5
1981
33.6%
33.0%
32.9%
-
-
0.5%
85.6%
14.4%


-


-
3.5
1982
32.4%
47.8%
19.4%
-
-
0.4%
84.4%
15.6%


-


-
3.6
1983
30.5%
52.1%
17.0%
-
-
0.4%
80.9%
19.1%
-

-


-
3.7
1984
28.4%
52.8%
18.8%
-
-
0.0%
81.3%
18.7%
-

-


-
3.7
1985
26.5%
54.5%
19.1%
-
-
-
80.7%
19.3%
-

-


-
3.8
1986
29.8%
53.5%
16.7%
-
-
-
76.8%
23.2%
-

-


-
3.8
1987
29.1%
55.4%
15.5%
-
-
0.0%
76.2%
23.8%
-

-


-
3.9
1988
27.6%
62.2%
10.2%
-
-
-
76.8%
23.2%
-

-


-
3.9
1989
24.6%
65.5%
9.9%
-
0.1%
0.0%
78.5%
21.4%
0.0%

-


0.1%
3.9
1990
22.2%
71.2%
6.5%
-
0.0%
0.0%
79.9%
20.0%
0.1%

-


0.0%
4.0
1991
23.9%
71.6%
4.5%
-
0.0%
-
77.3%
22.6%
0.0%

-


0.0%
4.0
1992
20.7%
74.8%
4.5%
-
0.0%
-
80.8%
19.2%
0.1%

-


0.0%
4.0
1993
19.8%
76.5%
3.7%
-
0.0%
-
80.9%
19.0%
0.1%

-


0.0%
4.0
1994
19.5%
77.6%
3.0%
-
-
-
80.8%
19.0%
0.2%

-


-
4.1
1995
17.9%
80.7%
1.4%
-
-
-
82.0%
17.7%
0.2%

-


-
4.1
1996
15.2%
83.5%
1.3%
-
0.0%
0.0%
84.7%
15.1%
0.2%

-


0.0%
4.1
1997
14.0%
85.5%
0.5%
-
0.0%
-
82.4%
17.3%
0.2%

-


0.0%
4.1
1998
12.8%
86.7%
0.5%
-
0.0%
-
82.1%
17.7%
0.2%

-


0.0%
4.1
1999
10.1%
89.4%
0.5%
-
0.0%
-
84.4%
15.3%
0.3%

-


0.0%
4.1
2000
9.7%
89.5%
0.7%
-
0.0%
-
83.7%
15.8%
0.5%

-


0.0%
4.1
2001
9.0%
90.3%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%
-
80.7%
18.5%
0.7%

-

0.1%
0.0%
4.2
2002
8.2%
91.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
-
77.1%
21.6%
1.1%

-

0.1%
0.1%
4.2
2003
8.0%
90.8%
0.1%
0.3%
0.8%
-
69.2%
28.1%
1.7%

-

0.3%
0.8%
4.3
2004
6.8%
91.8%
0.3%
0.4%
0.7%
-
63.9%
31.8%
3.0%
0.2%
-

0.4%
0.7%
4.4
2005
6.2%
91.5%
0.1%
1.0%
1.3%
-
56.0%
37.3%
4.1%
0.2%
-

1.0%
1.3%
4.5
2006
6.5%
90.6%
0.0%
1.5%
1.4%
-
47.7%
39.2%
8.8%
1.4%
-

1.5%
1.4%
4.6
2007
5.6%
87.1%
0.0%
2.1%
5.1%
-
40.5%
36.1%
14.4%
1.5%
0.2%

2.1%
5.1%
4.8
2008
5.2%
86.8%
0.2%
2.4%
5.5%
-
38.8%
31.9%
19.4%
1.8%
0.2%

2.4%
5.5%
4.8
2009
4.8%
85.6%
0.2%
2.1%
7.3%
-
31.2%
32.2%
24.5%
2.5%
0.1%

2.1%
7.3%
5.0
2010
3.8%
84.1%
1.2%
3.8%
7.2%
-
24.6%
23.5%
38.1%
2.7%
0.2%

3.8%
7.2%
5.2
2011
3.2%
86.5%
0.3%
2.0%
8.0%
-
14.2%
18.7%
52.3%
3.1%
1.7%

2.0%
8.0%
5.5
2012
3.6%
83.4%
1.1%
2.7%
9.2%
-
8.1%
18.2%
56.3%
2.8%
2.6%

2.7%
9.2%
5.5
2013
3.5%
80.4%
1.4%
2.9%
11.8%
-
5.4%
12.8%
60.1%
2.8%
4.1%

2.9%
11.8%
5.6
2014
2.8%
76.7%
1.6%
2.3%
16.6%
-
2.2%
7.8%
58.4%
3.3%
8.4%
1.1%
2.3%
16.6%
5.9
2015
2.6%
72.3%
1.4%
2.2%
21.5%
-
1.5%
4.5%
54.2%
3.1%
9.5%
3.5%
2.2%
21.5%
5.9
2016
2.2%
72.4%
2.6%
1.7%
21.1%
-
1.1%
3.0%
54.9%
2.9%
11.3%
4.1%
1.7%
21.1%
6.0
2017
2.1%
71.5%
2.6%
1.9%
21.9%
-
1.0%
2.4%
49.0%
3.3%
14.6%
5.1%
1.9%
21.9%
6.1
2018 (prelim)
2.5%
71.8%
3.5%
2.6%
19.6%
-
2.1%
2.6%
36.7%
3.5%
18.7%
8.5%
2.6%
19.6%
6.4
9

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 4 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 4.3
Production Share by Drive Technology

Car
Truck
All

Front Wheel
Rear Wheel
Four Wheel
Front Wheel
Rear Wheel
Four Wheel
Front Wheel
Rear Wheel
Four Wheel
Model Year
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
1975
6.5%
93.5%
-
-
82.8%
17.2%
5.3%
91.4%
3.3%
1976
5.8%
94.2%
-
-
77.0%
23.0%
4.6%
90.6%
4.8%
1977
6.8%
93.2%
-
-
76.2%
23.8%
5.5%
89.8%
4.7%
1978
9.6%
90.4%
-
-
70.9%
29.1%
7.4%
86.0%
6.6%
1979
11.9%
87.8%
0.3%
-
81.9%
18.1%
9.2%
86.5%
4.3%
1980
29.7%
69.4%
0.9%
1.4%
73.6%
25.0%
25.0%
70.1%
4.9%
1981
37.0%
62.2%
0.7%
1.9%
78.0%
20.1%
31.0%
65.0%
4.0%
1982
45.6%
53.6%
0.8%
1.7%
78.1%
20.2%
37.0%
58.4%
4.6%
1983
47.1%
49.9%
3.1%
1.4%
72.5%
26.1%
37.0%
54.8%
8.1%
1984
53.5%
45.5%
1.0%
5.0%
63.5%
31.5%
42.1%
49.8%
8.2%
1985
61.1%
36.8%
2.1%
7.3%
61.4%
31.3%
47.8%
42.9%
9.3%
1986
70.7%
28.2%
1.0%
5.9%
63.4%
30.7%
52.6%
38.0%
9.3%
1987
76.4%
22.6%
1.1%
7.6%
60.2%
32.2%
57.7%
32.8%
9.6%
1988
80.9%
18.3%
0.8%
9.2%
56.7%
34.1%
60.0%
29.5%
10.5%
1989
81.6%
17.4%
1.0%
10.1%
57.1%
32.8%
60.2%
29.3%
10.5%
1990
84.0%
15.0%
1.0%
15.8%
52.4%
31.8%
63.8%
26.1%
10.1%
1991
81.1%
17.5%
1.3%
10.3%
52.3%
37.3%
59.6%
28.1%
12.3%
1992
78.4%
20.5%
1.1%
14.5%
52.1%
33.4%
58.4%
30.4%
11.2%
1993
80.6%
18.3%
1.1%
16.8%
50.6%
32.7%
59.9%
28.8%
11.3%
1994
81.3%
18.3%
0.4%
13.8%
47.0%
39.2%
55.6%
29.2%
15.2%
1995
80.1%
18.8%
1.1%
18.4%
39.3%
42.3%
57.6%
26.3%
16.2%
1996
83.7%
14.8%
1.4%
20.9%
39.8%
39.2%
60.0%
24.3%
15.7%
1997
83.8%
14.5%
1.7%
14.2%
40.6%
45.2%
56.1%
24.9%
19.0%
1998
82.9%
15.0%
2.1%
19.3%
35.5%
45.1%
56.4%
23.5%
20.1%
1999
83.2%
14.7%
2.1%
17.5%
34.4%
48.1%
55.8%
22.9%
21.3%
2000
80.4%
17.7%
2.0%
20.0%
33.8%
46.3%
55.5%
24.3%
20.2%
2001
80.3%
16.7%
3.0%
16.3%
34.8%
48.8%
53.8%
24.2%
22.0%
2002
82.9%
13.5%
3.6%
15.4%
33.1%
51.6%
52.7%
22.3%
25.0%
2003
80.9%
15.9%
3.2%
15.4%
34.1%
50.4%
50.7%
24.3%
25.0%
2004
80.2%
14.5%
5.3%
12.5%
31.0%
56.5%
47.7%
22.4%
29.8%
2005
79.2%
14.2%
6.6%
20.1%
27.7%
52.2%
53.0%
20.2%
26.8%
2006
75.9%
18.0%
6.0%
18.9%
28.0%
53.1%
51.9%
22.3%
25.8%
2007
81.0%
13.4%
5.6%
16.1%
28.4%
55.5%
54.3%
19.6%
26.1%
2008
78.8%
14.1%
7.1%
18.4%
24.8%
56.8%
54.2%
18.5%
27.3%
2009
83.5%
10.2%
6.3%
21.0%
20.5%
58.5%
62.9%
13.6%
23.5%
2010
82.5%
11.2%
6.3%
20.9%
18.0%
61.0%
59.6%
13.7%
26.7%
2011
80.1%
11.3%
8.6%
17.7%
17.3%
65.0%
53.8%
13.8%
32.4%
2012
83.8%
00
CO
7.5%
20.9%
14.8%
64.3%
61.4%
10.9%
27.7%
2013
83.0%
9.3%
7.7%
18.1%
14.5%
67.5%
59.7%
11.1%
29.1%
2014
81.3%
10.6%
8.2%
17.5%
14.2%
68.3%
55.3%
12.1%
32.6%
2015
80.4%
9.7%
9.9%
16.0%
12.6%
71.4%
52.9%
10.9%
36.1%
2016
79.8%
9.1%
11.0%
15.8%
12.2%
72.0%
51.2%
10.5%
38.3%
2017
79.8%
8.3%
11.9%
16.1%
11.0%
72.8%
49.6%
9.6%
40.8%
2018 (prelim)
76.3%
10.9%
12.8%
14.5%
12.1%
73.5%
46.4%
11.5%
42.1%
10

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.3
Changes in "2-Cycle" Tailpipe C02 Emissions, Model Year 2012 to 2017 (g/mi)
Manufacturer
Model Year 2012
Car Truck All
Model Year 2017
Car Truck All
BMW
277
363
302
251
310
272
BYD Motors
0
-
0
0
-
0
FCA
300
384
357
291
347
337
Ford
261
385
315
259
348
310
GM
283
397
331
239
362
313
Honda
237
320
266
209
278
234
Hyundai
243
312
249
238
339
245
Jaguar Land Rover
376
439
426
291
343
332
Kia
258
324
266
232
323
260
Mazda
241
324
263
222
262
235
Mercedes
316
393
343
269
349
306
Nissan-Mitsubishi
258
379
294
225
308
256
Subaru
257
296
282
243
242
242
Tesla
0
-
0
0
-
0
Toyota
221
354
273
222
325
276
VW
274
330
281
246
321
266
Volvo
297
343
311
249
287
273
All Manufacturers
259
369
302
235
330
283
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
11

-------
&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.4
Model Year 2017 Production of EVs, PHEVs, and FCVs
Manufacturer
Production of
EV/FCV (2.Ox)
Production of
PHEV (1.6x)
BMW
2265
16246
BYD Motors
6
-
FCA
6547
3327
Ford
1484
24356
GM
26684
38032
Honda
2384
-
Hyundai
596
1731
Kia
1800
1700
Mercedes
1,497
1,653
Nissan-Mitsubishi
10,972
-
Tesla
46,979
-
Toyota
2,547
34,029
VW
1,741
5,358
Volvo
-
2,545
12

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.5
Model Year 2017 Advanced Technology Credits by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Car (Mg)
Truck (Mg)
Total (Mg)
Total (g/mi)
BMW
298,644
76,716
375,360
5.5
BYD Motors
265
-
265
226.2
FCA
249,287
108,570
357,857
0.8
Ford
487,309
-
487,309
1.0
GM
1,853,918
-
1,853,918
3.1
Honda
103,064
-
103,064
0.3
Hyundai
56,873
-
56,873
0.3
Kia
104,826
-
104,826
0.8
Mercedes
73,520
3,966
77,486
1.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
451,661
-
451,661
1.2
Tesla
2,311,674
-
2,311,674
252.0
Toyota
713,125
-
713,125
1.3
VW
106,286
29,666
135,952
1.0
Volvo
-
35,869
35,869
2.1
All Manufacturers
6,810,452
254,787
7,065,239
2.0
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
13

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.6
Production of FFVs, Model Year
2012-2017
Model Year
Car
Truck
2012
691,588
1,352,258
2013
791,660
1,696,836
2014
709,192
2,091,685
2015
538,648
1,300,077
2016
424,649
910,075
2017
307,116
859,376
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
14

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&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 5 Figures
Figure 5.7
FFV Credits by
Model Year (g/mi)
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Model Year
GHG
Credits
2012
8.1
2013
7.8
2014
8.9
2015
6.4
2016
-
2017
-
15

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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.8
HFO-1234yf Adoption by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Model Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
BMW
-
-
-
-
334,633
FCA
-
540,098
1,683,956
1,504,046
1,633,139
Ford
-
-
-
-
1,326,663
GM
41,913
30,652
16,298
32,775
1,632,981
Honda
471
599
-
541,393
897,751
Hyundai
-
-
-
-
14,663
Jaguar Land Rover
-
56,604
62,316
114,580
122,586
Kia
-
-
-
-
264,353
Subaru
-
-
-
-
292,788
Toyota
-
-
-
-
277,645
VW
-
-
-
-
50,884
16

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&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.9
Fleetwide A/C Credits by Credit Type
Model Year
A/C Leakage
Credits (Tg)
A/C Efficiency
Credits (Tg)
2009
6.239573
2.113939
2010
8.323159
2.843761
2011
8.867040
3.594232
2012
11.121450
5.881319
2013
13.136683
8.620823
2014
16.639243
10.544893
2015
20.295691
12.391071
2016
21.946718
12.479386
2017
32.608418
16.159002
17

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&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.10
Total A/C Credits by Manufacturer for
Model Year 2017

A/C
A/C

Leakage
Efficiency

Credits
Credits
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
BMW
14.8
5.0
FCA
15.3
5.6
Ford
12.1
4.6
GM
12.5
5.4
Honda
9.9
3.8
Hyundai
3.0
3.5
Jaguar Land Rover
16.5
6.8
Kia
6.9
3.8
Mercedes
6.3
5.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
4.9
2.8
Subaru
6.4
4.2
Tesla
1.6
5.7
Toyota
5.4
4.9
VW
5.4
4.6
Volvo
6.4
5.1
18

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v>EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.11
Off-Cycle Menu Technology Adoption by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Active
Aerodynamic
Improvements
Active
Engine
Warmup
Active
Transmission
Warmup
Engine Idle
Start Stop
High
Efficiency
Lighting
Solar Panel
Active Seat
Ventilation
Glass Or
Glazing
Solar
Reflective
Coating
Active Cabin
Ventilation
Passive Cabin
Ventilation
BMW
9%
42%
-
5%
100%
-
7%
-
-
100%
-
FCA
36%
71%
32%
24%
62%
-
14%
97%
2%
-
90%
Ford
79%
32%
41%
38%
62%
-
21%
100%
8%
-
33%
GM
43%
29%
-
24%
90%
-
19%
100%
17%
0%
98%
Honda
19%
10%
90%
7%
97%
-
4%
42%
-
-
-
Hyundai
2%
1%
37%
3%
57%
-
11%
90%
16%
-
-
Jaguar Land Rover
62%
-
-
100%
100%
-
49%
100%
-
-
76%
Kia
6%
4%
50%
6%
81%
-
9%
99%
20%
-
-
Mercedes
-
-
-
-
98%
-
16%
45%
-
-
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
27%
27%
58%
2%
69%
0%
8%
64%
5%
-
-
Subaru
41%
-
-
-
82%
-
0%
-
-
-
-
Tesla
100%
-
-
-
100%
-
-
100%
-
100%
-
Toyota
5%
37%
-
16%
64%
-
26%
98%
28%
-
87%
Volkswagen
5%
57%
28%
20%
78%
-
8%
55%
22%
-
-
Volvo
-
-
-
100%
100%
-
15%
79%
11%
2%
44%
All Manufacturers
30%
30%
29%
17%
74%
0.0%
15%
79%
11%
2%
44%
19

-------
&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.12
Total Off-Cycle Credits by Manufacturer
for Model Year 2017

Menu
Non-Menu

Credits
Credits
Manufacturer
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
BMW
4.6
-
FCA
8.2
0.5
Ford
6.8
0.6
GM
5.5
1.2
Honda
3.3
-
Hyundai
1.6
0.2
Jaguar Land Rover
8.2
-
Kia
2.4
-
Mercedes
1.7
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
2.9
-
Subaru
0.5
-
Tesla
5.2
-
Toyota
5.1
0.3
Volkswagen
3.4
-
Volvo
4.7
-
All Manufacturers
4.7
0.4
20

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&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.13
Early Credits Reported and Expired by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Expired 2009
Credits
(Tg of C02)
Used 2009
Credits
(Tg of C02)
Remaining
Credits
(Tg of C02)
BMW
0.1
0.4
0.7
FCA
-
6.3
4.5
Ford
5.9
2.5
7.8
GM
6.9
6.1
12.5
Honda
14.1
-
21.7
Hyundai
4.5
0.1
9.4
Kia
2.4
0.8
7.3
Mazda
1.3
0.1
4.1
Mercedes
-
0.1
0.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
8.8
2.3
8.5
Subaru
0.5
1.1
4.1
Suzuki
0.3
0.2
0.4
Tesla
-
-
0.0
Toyota
29.7
1.6
49.1
VW
1.4
0.8
4.2
Volvo
-
0.2
0.5
21

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&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.14
Performance and Standards by Manufacturer,
2017 Model Year
Manufacturer
Performance
(g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
FCA
307
285
GM
285
277
Ford
286
272
All
263
258
Mercedes
291
257
Toyota
259
255
Subaru
231
247
BMW
242
243
Nissan-Mitsubishi
244
243
Honda
217
240
Kia
246
237
Mazda
235
233
VW
252
232
Hyundai
237
223
22

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.15
Total Credits Transactions Through Model
Year 2017
Manufacturer
Expires 2021
Expires 2022
Honda
-26.4
-2.0
Tesla
-6.1
-2.4
Toyota
-7.8
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
-3.5
-
Coda
0.0
-
GM
0.0
-
Jaguar Land Rover
2.3
-
Volkswagen
3.0
-
BMW
2.0
2.0
Mercedes
6.2
-
FCA
30.3
2.4
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
23

-------
&EPA	2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection	Section 5 FigUreS	EPA-420-R-19-002
Agency
March 2019
Figure 5.16
Manufacturer Credit Balance After
Model Year 2017
Manufacturer
Credit Balance
Carry to 2018
(Tg COz)
Toyota
71.4
Honda
37.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
28.1
FCA
20.3
Hyundai
18.1
Subaru
16.9
Ford
16.3
GM
15.1
Mazda
9.3
BMW
5.3
Kia
4.9
Volkswagen
2.8
Tesla
2.4
Mercedes
0.6
Suzuki
0.4
Volvo
0.3
Karma Automotive
0.1
BYD Motors
0.0
Jaguar Land Rover
-0.6
24

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Figures	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Figure 5.17
Industry Performance and Standards, Credit
Generation and Use

Performance
Standard
Model Year
(g/mi)
(g/mi)
2012
287
299
2013
278
292
2014
274
287
2015
267
274
2016
271
263
2017
263
258

Model Year
Credits (Mg)
Credits (Tg)
Early Credits (2009-2011)
157,755,001
158
2012
32,715,480
33
2013
41,810,301
42
2014
41,347,507
41
2015
23,580,041
24
2016
-29,929,366
-30
2017
-17,953,760
-18
carry to 2018
249,325,204
249
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
25

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2018 Automotive Trends Report
Section 5 Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
E PA-420- R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.1
Manufacturer Footprint and Standards for Model Year 2017
Manufacturer
Footprint (ft2)
Standards (g/mi)
Car
Truck
All
Car
Truck
All
BMW
46.7
50.6
47.9
221
284
243
BYD Motors
47.9
-
47.9
226
-
226
FCA
47.4
54.1
52.8
225
297
285
Ford
46.9
57.3
52.5
222
308
272
GM
46.6
58.9
53.5
221
315
277
Honda
45.9
49.7
47.1
217
279
240
Hyundai
46.3
49.2
46.5
219
278
223
Jaguar Land Rover
49.0
51.0
50.6
244
287
278
Kia
46.1
50.0
47.2
218
281
237
Mazda
45.5
47.2
46.0
216
268
233
Mercedes
48.5
52.0
50.0
229
290
257
Nissan-Mitsubishi
45.8
51.3
47.6
217
286
243
Subaru
45.1
45.0
45.0
213
258
247
Tesla
53.8
-
53.8
252
-
252
Toyota
45.6
52.6
49.0
216
290
255
VW
45.0
50.2
46.3
213
282
232
Volvo
48.4
51.2
50.0
241
288
270
All Manufacturers
46.2
53.8
49.8
219
295
258
26

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.2
Production Multipliers by Model Year


Plug-In Hybrid Electric


Vehicles, Dedicated Natural

Electric Vehicles and Fuel Cell
Gas Vehicles, and Dual-Fuel
Model Year
Vehicles
Natural Gas Vehicles
2017
2.0
1.6
2018
2.0
1.6
2019
2.0
1.6
2020
1.8
1.5
2021
1.5
1.3
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
27

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.3
Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from the Menu, by Manufacturer and Technology (g/mi)
Manufacturer
Active Aero-
dynamics
Active
Engine
Warmup
Active Trans
Warmup
Thermal
Controls
Engine Start-
Stop
High
Efficiency
Lighting
Solar Panel
Total Menu
Credits
BMW
0.1
1.2
-
2.4
0.1
0.7
-
4.6
FCA
0.3
2.2
1.0
3.6
1.0
0.1
-
8.2
Ford
1.0
0.8
1.0
2.5
1.3
0.2
-
6.8
GM
0.5
0.6
-
3.4
0.6
0.4
-
5.5
Honda
0.1
0.2
1.9
0.6
0.2
0.3
-
3.3
Hyundai
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.8
0.0
0.1
-
1.6
Jaguar Land Rover
0.3
-
-
3.2
4.0
0.7
-
8.2
Kia
0.0
0.1
1.0
1.1
0.1
0.1
-
2.4
Mercedes
-
-
-
1.0
-
0.7
-
1.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
0.1
0.5
1.2
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
2.9
Subaru
0.2
-
-
0.0
-
0.3
-
0.5
Tesla
1.5
-
-
3.0
-
0.8
-
5.2
Toyota
0.0
1.1
-
3.2
0.6
0.2
-
5.1
Volkswagen
0.0
1.0
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.4
-
3.4
Volvo
-
-
-
0.2
3.7
0.9
-
4.7
All Manufacturers
0.3
0.8
0.7
2.1
0.6
0.3
0.0
4.7
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
28

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.4
Model Year 2017 Off-Cycle Technology Credits from an
Alternative Methodology, by Manufacturer and Technology
(g/mi)
Manufacturer
Denso SAS A/C High-Efficiency
Compressor Alternator
Total
Alternative
Methodology
Credits
FCA
-
0.5
0.5
Ford
-
0.6
0.6
GM
0.7
0.5
1.2
Hyundai
0.2
-
0.2
Toyota
0.2
0.1
0.3
All Manufacturers
0.2
0.2
0.4
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
29

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.5
Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, All (g/mi)
Manufacturer
2-Cycle
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
BMW
272
-
-
19.8
5.5
4.6
0.2
242
BYD Motors
0
-
-
-
226.2
-
-
-226
FCA
337
-
-
20.8
0.8
8.7
0.1
307
Ford
310
-
-
16.7
1.0
7.4
0.8
286
GM
313
-
-
17.9
3.1
6.7
0.1
285
Honda
234
-
-
13.7
0.3
3.3
-
217
Hyundai
245
-
-
6.5
0.3
1.8
-
237
Jaguar Land Rover
332
-
-
23.2
-
8.2
-
301
Kia
260
-
-
10.8
0.8
2.4
-
246
Mazda
235
-
-
-
-
-
0.3
235
Mercedes
306
-
-
12.3
1.1
1.7
-
291
Nissan-Mitsubishi
256
-
-
7.7
1.2
2.9
0.0
244
Subaru
242
-
-
10.6
-
0.5
-
231
Tesla
0
-
-
7.3
252.0
6.5
-
-266
Toyota
276
-
-
10.3
1.3
5.4
0.1
259
VW
266
-
-
10.0
1.0
3.4
0.0
252
Volvo
273
-
-
11.6
2.1
4.7
-
254
All Manufacturers
283
-
-
13.7
2.0
5.1
0.2
263
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
30

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.6
Industry Performance by Model Year, All (g/mi)
Model Year
2-Cyde
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
2012
302
8.1
0.6
6.1
-
0.9
0.2
287
2013
294
7.8
0.5
6.9
-
1.0
0.3
278
2014
294
8.9
0.2
8.4
-
2.8
0.2
274
2015
286
6.4
0.3
9.4
-
2.9
0.2
267
2016
285
-
-
10.1
-
3.1
0.1
271
2017
283
-
-
13.7
2.0
5.1
0.2
263
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
31

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.7
Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Car (g/mi)
Manufacturer
2-Cycle
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
BMW
251
-
-
18.4
6.7
3.5
0.1
223
BYD Motors
0
-
-
-
226.2
-
-
-226
FCA
291
-
-
16.7
3.4
3.4
0.0
267
Ford
259
-
-
15.0
2.5
4.7
0.2
237
GM
239
-
-
12.9
7.8
5.3
0.0
213
Honda
209
-
-
10.5
0.5
2.0
-
196
Hyundai
238
-
-
6.4
0.3
1.5
-
230
Jaguar Land Rover
291
-
-
18.8
-
5.6
-
267
Kia
232
-
-
10.3
1.2
2.0
-
219
Mazda
222
-
-
-
-
-
0.2
222
Mercedes
269
-
-
11.0
1.9
1.1
-
255
Nissan-Mitsubishi
225
-
-
6.9
1.9
2.0
0.1
214
Subaru
243
-
-
6.9
-
0.5
-
236
Tesla
0
-
-
7.3
252.0
6.5
-
-266
Toyota
222
-
-
7.6
2.8
3.6
0.1
208
VW
246
-
-
9.0
1.1
2.4
0.0
234
Volvo
249
-
-
9.4
-
3.4
-
236
All Manufacturers
235
-
-
10.1
3.9
3.0
0.0
218
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
32

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.8
Industry Performance by Model Year, Car (g/mi)
Model Year
2-Cycle
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
2012
259
4.0
0.2
5.4
-
0.5
0.1
249
2013
251
4.0
0.1
6.3
-
0.7
0.3
240
2014
250
4.6
0.1
7.5
-
1.8
0.3
236
2015
243
3.1
0.0
8.0
-
2.0
0.1
230
2016
240
-
-
8.6
-
1.9
0.1
230
2017
235
-
-
10.1
3.9
3.0
0.0
218
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
33

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.9
Manufacturer Performance in Model Year 2017, Truck (g/mi)
Manufacturer
2-Cyde
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
BMW
310
-
-
22.3
3.2
6.8
0.3
278
FCA
347
-
-
21.7
0.3
9.8
0.1
315
Ford
348
-
-
18.0
-
9.4
1.2
322
GM
362
-
-
21.2
-
7.7
0.1
333
Honda
278
-
-
19.2
-
5.5
-
253
Hyundai
339
-
-
7.0
-
5.3
-
327
Jaguar Land Rover
343
-
-
24.4
-
00
CO
-
310
Kia
323
-
-
11.8
-
3.2
-
308
Mazda
262
-
-
-
-
-
0.6
263
Mercedes
349
-
-
13.8
0.1
2.4
-
333
Nissan-Mitsubishi
308
-
-
9.1
-
4.5
-
294
Subaru
242
-
-
11.7
-
0.5
-
230
Toyota
325
-
-
12.7
-
7.1
0.1
305
VW
321
-
-
12.8
0.8
6.1
-
301
Volvo
287
-
-
12.8
3.4
5.6
-
265
All Manufacturers
330
-
-
17.1
0.1
7.1
0.3
306
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
34

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.10
Industry Performance by Model Year, Truck (g/mi)
Model Year
2-Cycle
Tailpipe
Credits
ch4 & n2o
Deficit
Performance
Value
FFV
TLAAS
A/C
ATVs
Off-Cycle
2012
369
14.5
1.3
7.3
-
1.5
0.3
346
2013
360
13.8
1.1
7.9
-
1.6
0.3
337
2014
349
14.3
0.3
9.7
-
4.1
0.1
321
2015
336
10.2
0.6
11.0
-
4.1
0.2
311
2016
332
-
-
11.8
-
4.5
0.2
316
2017
330
-
-
17.1
0.1
7.1
0.3
306
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
35

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.11
Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, All
Manufacturer
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Production
Credit Surplus/
Shortfall (Mg)
BMW
242
243
-1
335,931
74,068
BYD Motors
-226
226
-452
6
530
FCA
307
285
22
1,919,705
-9,475,132
Ford
286
272
14
2,209,104
-6,740,859
GM
285
277
8
2,792,390
-4,592,921
Honda
217
240
-23
1,624,754
7,571,997
Hyundai
237
223
13
943,992
-2,497,514
Jaguar Land Rover
301
278
23
122,586
-611,459
Kia
246
237
9
610,909
-1,069,577
Mazda
235
233
2
256,948
-129,889
Mercedes
291
257
34
344,679
-2,418,050
Nissan-Mitsubishi
244
243
1
1,812,184
-504,236
Subaru
231
247
-16
679,672
2,364,325
Tesla
-266
252
-518
46,979
4,749,578
Toyota
259
255
4
2,566,856
-2,247,660
VW
252
232
20
660,189
-2,700,414
Volvo
254
270
-16
79,845
273,453
All Manufacturers
263
258
5
17,006,729
-17,953,760
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
36

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.12
Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, All
Model
Year
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Production
Credit Surplus/
Shortfall (Mg)
Credit
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
98,520,511
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
96,699,987
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
38,509,271
2021
2012
287
299
-12
13,445,040
32,913,828
2021
2013
278
292
-14
15,197,270
42,335,732
2021
2014
274
287
-13
15,510,206
41,372,314
2021
2015
267
274
-7
16,735,765
23,665,204
2021
2016
271
263
9
16,276,424
-29,929,366
2021
2017
263
258
5
17,006,729
-17,953,760
2022
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
37

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.13
Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Car
Manufacturer
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Credit Surplus/
Production Shortfall (Mg)
BMW
223
221
2
228,971
-69,208
BYD Motors
-226
226
-452
6
530
FCA
267
225
42
371,476
-3,079,993
Ford
237
222
15
1,013,712
-2,980,308
GM
213
221
-8
1,218,645
1,894,311
Honda
196
217
-21
1,081,564
4,421,704
Hyundai
230
219
11
885,043
-1,849,061
Jaguar Land Rover
267
244
23
27,798
-122,883
Kia
219
218
1
442,327
-44,211
Mazda
222
216
6
182,534
-220,221
Mercedes
255
229
26
198,665
-1,010,089
Nissan-Mitsubishi
214
217
-3
1,201,340
653,252
Subaru
236
213
23
181,917
-805,157
Tesla
-266
252
-518
46,979
4,749,578
Toyota
208
216
-8
1,322,377
2,033,559
VW
234
213
21
498,271
-1,994,880
Volvo
236
241
-5
32,690
30,969
All Manufacturers
218
219
-1
8,934,315
1,607,892
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
38

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.14
Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Car
Model
Year
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Production
Credit Surplus/
Shortfall (Mg)
Credit
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
58,017,205
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
50,742,636
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
8,678,660
2021
2012
249
267
-18
8,655,883
30,438,750
2021
2013
240
261
-21
9,744,776
39,210,720
2021
2014
236
253
-16
9,205,220
29,279,630
2021
2015
230
241
-11
9,597,304
21,260,234
2021
2016
230
231
-1
8,998,957
2,210,184
2021
2017
218
219
-1
8,934,315
1,607,892
2022
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
39

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.15
Credits Earned by Manufacturers in Model Year 2017, Truck
Manufacturer
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Production
Credit Surplus/
Shortfall (Mg)
BMW
278
284
-6
106,960
143,276
FCA
315
297
18
1,548,229
-6,395,139
Ford
322
308
14
1,195,392
-3,760,551
GM
333
315
18
1,573,745
-6,487,232
Honda
253
279
-26
543,190
3,150,293
Hyundai
327
278
49
58,949
-648,453
Jaguar Land Rover
310
287
23
94,788
-488,576
Kia
308
281
27
168,582
-1,025,366
Mazda
263
268
-5
74,414
90,332
Mercedes
333
290
43
146,014
-1,407,961
Nissan-Mitsubishi
294
286
8
610,844
-1,157,488
Subaru
230
258
-28
497,755
3,169,482
Toyota
305
290
15
1,244,479
-4,281,219
VW
301
282
19
161,918
-705,534
Volvo
265
288
-23
47,155
242,484
All Manufacturers
306
295
11
8,072,414
-19,561,652
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
40

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.16
Total Credits Earned in Model Years 2009-2017, Truck
Model
Year
Performance
Value (g/mi)
Standard
(g/mi)
Net
Compliance
(g/mi)
Production
Credit Surplus/
Shortfall (Mg)
Credit
Expiration
2009
-
-
-
-
40,503,306
2014
2010
-
-
-
-
45,957,351
2021
2011
-
-
-
-
29,830,611
2021
2012
346
349
-2
4,789,157
2,475,078
2021
2013
337
339
-3
5,452,494
3,125,012
2021
2014
321
330
-8
6,304,986
12,092,684
2021
2015
311
312
-1
7,138,461
2,404,970
2021
2016
316
297
20
7,277,467
-32,139,550
2021
2017
306
295
11
8,072,414
-19,561,652
2022
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
41

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.17
Final Credit Balance by Manufacturer for Model Year 2017 (Mg)

Early Credits
Credits



Credits
Final 2017

Earned
Earned
Credits
Credits
Credits
Purchased or
Credit
Manufacturer
2009-2011
2012-2016
Earned 2017
Expired
Forfeited
Sold
Balance
BMW
1,251,522
85,611
74,068
-134,791
-
4,000,000
5,276,410
BYD Motors
-
4,871
530
-
-
-
5,401
Coda
-
7,251
-
-
-
-7,251
-
FCA
10,827,083
-13,720,576
-9,475,132
-
-
32,675,990
20,307,365
Ford
16,116,453
12,770,167
-6,740,859
-5,882,011
-
-
16,263,750
GM
25,510,557
1,090,478
-4,592,921
-6,933,126
-
7,251
15,082,239
Honda
35,842,334
36,976,814
7,571,997
-14,133,353
-
-28,444,401
37,813,391
Hyundai
14,007,495
11,228,473
-2,497,514
-4,482,649
-169,775
-
18,086,030
Jaguar Land Rover
-
-2,258,202
-611,459
-
-
2,294,494
-575,167
Karma Automotive
-
58,852
-
-
-
-
58,852
Kia
10,444,192
-1,945,739
-1,069,577
-2,362,882
-123,956
-
4,942,038
Mazda
5,482,642
5,282,826
-129,889
-1,340,917
-
-
9,294,662
Mercedes
378,272
-3,586,064
-2,418,050
-
-28,416
6,227,713
573,455
Nissan-Mitsubishi
19,580,536
21,305,077
-504,236
-8,773,270
-
-3,539,063
28,069,044
Porsche
-
426,439
-
-
-426,439
-
-
Subaru
5,755,171
9,237,767
2,364,325
-491,789
-
-
16,865,474
Suzuki
876,650
-183,097
-
-265,311
-
-
428,242
Tesla
49,772
6,038,569
4,749,578
-
-
-8,452,302
2,385,617
Toyota
80,435,498
30,713,921
-2,247,660
-29,732,098
-
-7,762,431
71,407,230
Volkswagen
6,441,405
-2,521,484
-2,700,414
-1,442,571
-
3,000,000
2,776,936
Volvo
730,187
-654,242
273,453
-
-85,163
-
264,235
All Manufacturers
233,729,769
110,357,712
-17,953,760
-75,974,768
-833,749
-
249,325,204
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
42

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Section 5 Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Table 5.18
Distribution of Credits by Expiration Date (Mg)

Final 2017
Credits
Credits
Deficit
Deficit

Credit
Expiring in
Expiring in
Carried
Carried
Manufacturer
Balance
2021
2022
1 year
2 years
BMW
5,276,410
3,133,134
2,143,276
-
-
BYD Motors
5,401
4,871
530
-
-
FCA
20,307,365
17,942,828
2,363,961
-
-
Ford
16,263,750
16,263,730
-
-
-
GM
15,082,239
13,187,928
1,894,311
-
-
Honda
37,813,391
32,241,394
5,571,997
-
-
Hyundai
18,086,030
18,086,030
-
-
-
Jaguar Land Rover
-575,167
-
-
-575,167
-
Karma Automotive
58,852
58,852
-
-
-
Kia
4,942,038
4,942,038
-
-
-
Mazda
9,294,662
9,204,330
90,332
-
-
Mercedes
573,455
573,455

-
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
28,069,044
27,415,792
653,252
-
-
Subaru
16,865,474
13,695,992
3,169,482
-
-
Suzuki
428,242
428,242
-
-
-
Tesla
2,385,617
-
2,385,617
-
-
Toyota
71,407,230
69,373,671
2,033,559
-
-
Volkswagen
2,776,936
2,776,936
-
-
-
Volvo
264,235
-
264,235
-
-
All Manufacturers
249,325,204
229,329,819
20,570,552
-575,167
-
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
43

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Appendix Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table A.l
Comparison of Preliminary and Final Real-World Fuel
Economy Values (mpg)

Preliminary

Final Minus
Model Year
Value
Final Value
Preliminary
2011
22.8
22.3
-0.5
2012
23.8
23.6
-0.2
2013
24.0
24.2
0.2
2014
24.2
24.1
-0.1
2015
24.7
24.6
-0.2
2016
25.6
24.7
-0.9
2017
25.2
24.9
-0.3
2018 (prelim)
25.4
-
-
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
44

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Appendix Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table C.l
Fuel Economy Metrics for the Model Year 2017 Toyota Prius Eco
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
City/Highway
Fuel Economy Metric Purpose Weighting Test Basis
Fuel Economy Value (MPG)
Combined
City/Hwy City Hwy
2-cycle Test
(unadjusted)
Label
Estimated Real-World
Basis for manufacturer
compliance with 55%/45% 2-cycle
standards
Consumer information to
compare individual 55%/45% 5-cycle
vehicles
Best estimate of real-
43%/57% 5-cycle
world performance
81 84 78
56 58 53
55 58 53
45

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2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Appendix Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table E.l
Model Year 2018 Alternative Fuel Vehicle Powertrain and Range
Manufacturer
Model
Fuel or
Powertrain
Alternative Fuel
Range (miles)*
Total Range
(miles)
Utility
Factor
BMW
13 (94Ah)
EV
114
114
-
BMW
13s (94Ah)
EV
107
107
-
BYD Motors
e6
EV
187
187
-
FCA
500e
EV
84
84
-
Ford
Focus
EV
115
115
-
GM
Bolt
EV
238
238
-
Honda
Clarity
EV
89
89
-
Hyundai
loniq
EV
124
124
-
Kia
Soul
EV
111
111
-
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Convertible
EV
57
57
-
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Coupe
EV
58
58
-
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Leaf
EV
151
151
-
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range
EV
310
310
-
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range AWD
EV
310
310
-
Tesla
Model S 100D
EV
335
335
-
Tesla
Model S75D
EV
259
259
-
Tesla
Model S75kWh
EV
249
249
-
Tesla
Model S P100D
EV
315
315
-
Tesla
Model X 100D
EV
295
295
-
Tesla
Model X75D
EV
238
238
-
Tesla
Model X P100D
EV
289
289
-
VW
e-Golf
EV
125
125
-
Honda
Clarity
FCV
366
366
-
Toyota
Mirai
FCV
312
312
-
BMW
330e
PHEV
14
350
0.36
BMW
530e
PHEV
16
370
0.39
BMW
530e xDrive
PHEV
15
360
0.37
BMW
740e xDrive
PHEV
14
340
0.36
BMW
13 (94Ah)
PHEV
97
180
0.89
BMW
13s (94Ah)
PHEV
97
180
0.89
BMW
Mini Cooper
PHEV
12
270
0.32
BMW
X5 xDrive40e
PHEV
14
540
0.35
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
33
570
0.62
Ford
Fusion
PHEV
21
610
0.48
GM
CT6
PHEV
31
430
0.59
GM
Volt
PHEV
53
420
0.76
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
48
340
0.73
Hyundai
loniq
PHEV
29
630
0.57
Hyundai
Sonata
PHEV
28
600
0.56
Karma
Revero
PHEV
37
240
0.65
Kia
Niro
PHEV
26
560
0.54
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
46

-------
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Appendix Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Kia
Optima
PHEV
29
610
0.57
Mercedes
C 350e
PHEV
9
410
0.30
Mercedes
GLC 350e 4MATIC
PHEV
10
350
0.33
Mercedes
GLE 550e 4MATIC
PHEV
10
460
0.31
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Outlander
PHEV
22
310
0.49
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
25
640
0.53
Volvo
S90 AWD
PHEV
21
410
0.48
Volvo
XC60 AWD
PHEV
18
370
0.42
Volvo
XC90 AWD
PHEV
19
380
0.44
VW
A3 e-tron
PHEV
16
400
0.39
VW
Cayenne S
PHEV
14
490
0.36
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
16
480
0.38
VW
Panamera Turbo S
PHEV
14
450
0.35
: Many PHEVs are capable of operating in blended mode and may use some gasoline to achieve the given alternative fuel range.
47

-------
v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
2018 Automotive Trends Report
Appendix Tables
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table E.2
Model Year 2018 Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fuel Economy Label Metrics
Manufacturer
Model
Fuel or
Powertrain
Charge Depleting
Charge
Sustaining
Overall Fuel
Economy
{mpge)
Electricity
{kW-hrs/
100 miles)
Gasoline
(gallons/
100 miles)
Fuel
Economy
{mpge)
Fuel
Economy
(mpg)
BMW
13 (94Ah)
EV
29

118
N/A
118
BMW
13s (94Ah)
EV
30

112
N/A
112
BYD Motors
e6
EV
47

72
N/A
72
FCA
500e
EV
30

112
N/A
112
Ford
Focus
EV
31

107
N/A
107
GM
Bolt
EV
28

119
N/A
119
Honda
Clarity
EV
30

114
N/A
114
Hyundai
loniq
EV
25

136
N/A
136
Kia
Soul
EV
31

108
N/A
108
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Convertible
EV
33

102
N/A
102
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Coupe
EV
31

108
N/A
108
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Leaf
EV
30

112
N/A
112
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range
EV
26

130
N/A
130
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range AWD
EV
29

116
N/A
116
Tesla
Model S 100D
EV
33

102
N/A
102
Tesla
Model S 75D
EV
33

103
N/A
103
Tesla
Model S 75kWh
EV
34

98
N/A
98
Tesla
Model S P100D
EV
35

98
N/A
98
Tesla
Model X 100D
EV
39

87
N/A
87
Tesla
Model X75D
EV
36

93
N/A
93
Tesla
Model X P100D
EV
40

85
N/A
85
VW
e-Golf
EV
28

119
N/A
119
Honda
Clarity
FCV
67

68
N/A
68
Toyota
Mirai
FCV
66

67
N/A
67
BMW
330e
PHEV
47
0.0
71
30
38
BMW
530e
PHEV
46
0.0
72
29
37
BMW
530e xDrive
PHEV
49
0.0
67
28
36
BMW
740e xDrive
PHEV
52
0.0
64
27
33
BMW
13 (94Ah)
PHEV
31
0.0
109
35
87
BMW
13s (94Ah)
PHEV
31
0.0
109
35
87
BMW
Mini Cooper
PHEV
51
0.0
65
27
33
BMW
X5 xDrive40e
PHEV
59
0.0
56
24
29
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
40
0.0
84
32
52
Ford
Fusion
PHEV
35
0.0
97
42
57
GM
CT6
PHEV
54
0.0
62
25
39
GM
Volt
PHEV
31
0.0
106
42
77
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
31
0.0
110
42
76
Hyundai
loniq
PHEV
28
0.0
119
52
76
Hyundai
Sonata
PHEV
34
0.0
99
39
59
Karma
Revero
PHEV
56
0.0
60
20
35
Kia
Niro
PHEV
32
0.0
105
46
66
Kia
Optima
PHEV
33
0.0
103
40
61
Mercedes
C 350e
PHEV
56
0.2
51
30
34
Mercedes
GLC 350e
PHEV
59
0.0
74
25
32
Mercedes
GLE 550e
PHEV
69
0.3
43
21
25
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Outlander
PHEV
45
0.0
74
25
37
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
25
0.0
133
54
78
Volvo
S90 AWD
PHEV
45
0.1
71
29
41
Volvo
XC60 AWD
PHEV
53
0.1
59
26
34
Volvo
XC90 AWD
PHEV
50
0.1
62
27
36
VW
A3 e-tron
PHEV
41
0.0
83
36
46
VW
Cayenne S
PHEV
70
0.0
47
22
27
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
59
0.4
46
22
27
VW
Panamera Turbo S
PHEV
67
0.0
49
21
26
48

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Appendix Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table E.3
Model Year 2018 EV and PHEV Label Tailpipe C02 Emissions Metrics
*>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency


Fuel or
Tailpipe C02
Manufacturer
Model
Powertrain
(g/mile)
BMW
13 (94Ah)
EV
0
BMW
13s (94Ah)
EV
0
BYD Motors
e6
EV
0
FCA
500e
EV
0
Ford
Focus
EV
0
GM
Bolt
EV
0
Honda
Clarity
EV
0
Hyundai
loniq
EV
0
Kia
Soul
EV
0
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Convertible
EV
0
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Coupe
EV
0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Leaf
EV
0
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range
EV
0
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range AWD
EV
0
Tesla
Model S 100D
EV
0
Tesla
Model S75D
EV
0
Tesla
Model S75kWh
EV
0
Tesla
Model S P100D
EV
0
Tesla
Model X100D
EV
0
Tesla
Model X75D
EV
0
Tesla
Model XP100D
EV
0
VW
e-Golf
EV
0
Honda
Clarity
FCV
0
Toyota
Mirai
FCV
0
BMW
330e
PHEV
189
BMW
530e
PHEV
193
BMW
530e xDrive
PHEV
200
BMW
740e xDrive
PHEV
214
BMW
13 (94Ah)
PHEV
29
BMW
13s (94Ah)
PHEV
29
BMW
Mini CooperSE
PHEV
223
BMW
X5 xDrive40e
PHEV
248
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
106
Ford
Fusion
PHEV
112
GM
CT6
PHEV
144
GM
Volt
PHEV
51
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
57
Hyundai
loniq
PHEV
75
Hyundai
Sonata
PHEV
100
Karma
Revero
PHEV
151
Kia
Niro
PHEV
90
Kia
Optima
PHEV
97
Mercedes
C 350e
PHEV
215
Mercedes
GLC 350e 4MATIC
PHEV
235
Mercedes
GLE 550e 4MATIC
PHEV
296
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Outlander
PHEV
174
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
78
Volvo
S90 AWD
PHEV
161
Volvo
XC60 AWD
PHEV
199
Volvo
XC90 AWD
PHEV
187
VW
A3 e-tron
PHEV
150
VW
Cayenne S
PHEV
261
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
260
VW
Panamera Turbo S
PHEV
281
49

-------
2018 Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Appendix Tables	EPA-420-R-19-002
March 2019
Appendix Table E.4
Model Year 2018 EV and PHEV Upstream C02 Emission Metrics (g/mi)
*>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Manufacturer
Model
Fuel or
Powertrain
Tailpipe + Total Upstream C02
Tailpipe + Net Upstream C02
Low
Avg.
High
Low
Avg.
High
BMW
13 (94Ah)
EV
79
144
227
18
84
166
BMW
13s (94Ah)
EV
82
149
235
20
88
173
BYD Motors
e6
EV
128
234
368
61
167
301
FCA
500e
EV
82
149
235
24
92
177
Ford
Focus
EV
85
154
243
23
92
181
GM
Bolt
EV
76
139
219
17
80
160
Honda
Clarity
EV
82
149
235
16
84
169
Hyundai
loniq
EV
68
125
196
5
61
132
Kia
Soul
EV
85
154
243
23
93
181
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Convertible
EV
90
164
258
32
107
201
Mercedes
Smart Fortwo Coupe
EV
85
154
243
27
97
185
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Leaf
EV
82
149
235
19
87
172
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range
EV
71
129
204
2
61
135
Tesla
Model 3 Long Range AWD
EV
79
144
227
10
76
158
Tesla
Model S100D
EV
90
164
258
15
89
183
Tesla
Model S75D
EV
90
164
258
15
89
183
Tesla
Model S75kWh
EV
93
169
266
18
94
191
Tesla
Model S P100D
EV
96
174
274
21
99
199
Tesla
Model X100D
EV
106
194
305
30
118
229
Tesla
Model X75D
EV
98
179
282
22
103
205
Tesla
Model XP100D
EV
109
199
313
33
123
237
VW
e-Golf
EV
76
139
219
16
79
158
BMW
330e
PHEV
282
320
368
211
249
297
BMW
530e
PHEV
290
330
381
214
254
305
BMW
530e xDrive
PHEV
300
341
393
223
264
316
BMW
740e xDrive
PHEV
319
361
415
237
279
333
BMW
13 (94Ah)
PHEV
111
173
252
50
112
190
BMW
13s (94Ah)
PHEV
111
173
252
49
111
190
BMW
Mini CooperSE
PHEV
324
361
407
248
284
331
BMW
X5 xDrive40e
PHEV
366
411
469
273
319
377
FCA
Pacifica
PHEV
200
255
326
114
170
240
Ford
Fusion
PHEV
186
223
271
125
163
210
GM
CT6
PHEV
267
339
430
186
258
349
GM
Volt
PHEV
128
181
248
67
120
188
Honda
Clarity
PHEV
133
184
249
71
122
186
Hyundai
loniq
PHEV
137
174
219
82
118
164
Hyundai
Sonata
PHEV
177
220
275
114
157
212
Karma
Revero
PHEV
289
371
475
202
284
388
Kia
Niro
PHEV
160
199
248
103
141
191
Kia
Optima
PHEV
173
215
269
110
152
206
Mercedes
C 350e
PHEV
314
352
400
241
278
326
Mercedes
GLC 350e 4MATIC
PHEV
347
391
447
261
305
361
Mercedes
GLE 550e 4MATIC
PHEV
428
476
536
327
375
436
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Outlander
PHEV
277
327
389
197
246
309
Toyota
Prius Prime
PHEV
134
163
201
81
111
148
Volvo
S90 AWD
PHEV
260
308
369
185
234
295
Volvo
XC60 AWD
PHEV
309
359
423
226
275
339
Volvo
XC90 AWD
PHEV
293
343
405
207
257
319
VW
A3 e-tron
PHEV
231
268
314
171
207
253
VW
Cayenne S
PHEV
396
453
525
299
356
428
VW
Panamera 4
PHEV
387
438
502
294
345
409
VW
Panamera Turbo S
PHEV
415
467
534
319
372
438

Average Car

366
366
366
293
293
293
50

-------
Supplemental Tables
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy
by Model Year
Supplemental Table B: Production-Weighted Percent Distribution of Estimated Real-World
Fuel Economy (MPG)
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by
Vehicle Type
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
and Weight Class
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
and Drive Type
Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle
Type and Transmission
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle
Type and Cylinder Count
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type,
Engine Type, and Valves
Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type,
and Inertia Weight
Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by
Manufacturer and Vehicle Type

-------
^EPA
UftrtCXt Sli»!«S
Environmenl.31 Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy by Model Year

Car or
Truck
Model
Year
iVIiinu fncturer
Model Nil me
Vehicle Type
Inertia
Weight
Drive
Triinsmission
Gears
Fuel
Delivery
HP
CID
2-Cvcle h'uel ICconomy
(MPG)*
City
1 Iwv
Comh
Low
Car
1975
GM
TORONADO
Sedan/Wagon
5500
Front
Automatic

Carb
175
455
8.5
12.1
9.8
Low
Car
1976
Jaguar Land Rover
JENSEN
Sedan/Wagon
4500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
250
440
8.6
12.8
10.1
Low
Car
1977
BMW
ROLLS ROYCE/
Sedan/Wagon
5500
Rear
Automatic

Carb
170
412
8.7
11.4
9.7
Low
Car
1978
FCA
MONACO
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
240
440
8.3
11.2
9.4
Low
Car
1979
Aston Martin
ASTON MARTIN V8
Sedan/Wagon
4500
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
60
326
7.6
12.4
9.2
Low
Car
1980
Aston Martin
79 ASTON MARTIN
Sedan/Wagon
4500
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
275
326
7.6
12.4
9.2
Low
Car
1981
BMW
CAMARGUE
Sedan/Wagon
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Port
170
412
8.9
12.2
10.1
Low
Car
1981
BMW
CORNICHE
Sedan/Wagon
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Port
170
412
8.9
12.2
10.1
Low
Car
1982
FCA
QUATTROPORTE
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
8.5
12.6
9.9
Low
Car
1983
FCA
QUATTRO PORTE
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
8.5
12.6
9.9
Low
Car
1984
FCA
QUATTROPORTE
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
8.5
12.6
9.9
Low
Car
1985
FCA
QUATTROPORTE
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
8.5
12.6
9.9
Low
Car
1986
vw
COUNTACH
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6.8
13.4
8.7
Low
Car
1987
vw
COUNTACH
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6.8
13.4
8.7
Low
Car
1988
vw
COUNTACH
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6.8
13.4
8.7
Low
Car
1989
vw
COUNTACH
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Rear
Manual
5
TBI
420
315
6.8
13.4
8.7
Low
Car
1990
Aston Martin
LAG
Sedan/Wagon
5000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Port
240
326
9.3
13.9
10.9
Low
Car
1991
Vector
VECTOR W8
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Automatic
3
Port
450
365
8.2
13.7
10
Low
Car
1992
Vector
VECTOR W8
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Automatic
3
Port
450
365
8.2
13.7
10
Low
Car
1993
Vector
VECTOR W8
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Automatic
3
Port
450
365
8.2
13.7
10
Low
Car
1994
VW
DB132/DIABLO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
492
348
10.4
18.1
12.8
Low
Car
1995
FCA
FERRARI F50
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
510
287
8.4
14.1
10.3
Low
Car
1996
VW
AVTECH SC - M12
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
492
348
9.9
16.2
12
Low
Car
1997
vw
DB132-144 - DIABLO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
492
348
10.2
18.1
12.7
Low
Car
1998
Ferrari
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
10.1
18.9
12.8
Low
Car
1999
FCA
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
10
18
12.5
Low
Car
2000
FCA
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
9.4
16.7
11.7
Low
Car
2001
FCA
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO-BARCHE
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
9.4
16.7
11.7
Low
Car
2002
VW
L-147 MURCIELAGO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
10.1
16.3
12.2
Low
Car
2003
FCA
ENZO FERRARI
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
6
Port
646
366
8.4
15.8
10.7
Low
Car
2004
VW
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
10.1
17.1
12.4
Low
Car
2005
vw
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
10.1
17.1
12.4
Low
Car
2006
vw
VEYRON
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
6
Port
1001
488
9.4
18.9
12.1
Low
Car
2007
vw
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
631
396
10.1
17.5
12.5
Low
Car
2008
vw
VEYRON
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
6
Port
1001
488
9.5
17.8
12
Low
Car
2009
vw
MURCIELAGO ROADSTER
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
631
396
10.1
17.5
12.5
Low
Car
2010
vw
Veyron
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic
7
Port
1001
488
9.5
17.8
12
Low
Car
2011
Ferrari
Ferrari 612 SCAGLIETTI
Sedan/Wagon
4500
Rear
Automatic
6
Port
532
348
11.5
21.8
14.6
Low
Car
2012
VW
Veyron
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic
7
Port
1200
488.01
10
17.9
12.5
Low
Car
2013
vw
Veyron
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
1200
488.01
10
17.9
12.5
Low
Car
2014
vw
Veyron
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
1200
488.01
10
17.9
12.5
Low
Car
2015
vw
Aventador Roadster
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
700
396.53
11.5
21.2
14.5
Low
Car
2016
vw
Aventador Roadster
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
700
396.53
12
23
15.3
Low
Car
2017
vw
Aventador Coupe LP740-4
Sedan/Wagon
4000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
740
396.53
11.9
22.5
15.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
A-l
March 2019

-------
^EPA
UftrtCXt Sli»!«S
Environmenl.31 Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy by Model Year

Car or
Truck
Model
Year
iVIiinu fncturer
Model Nil me
Vehicle Type
Inertia
Weight
Drive
Triinsmission
Gears
Fuel
Delivery
HP
CID
2-Cvcle h'uel ICconomy
(MPG)*
City
1 Iwv
Comh
Low
Car
2018
VW
Chiron
Sedan/Wagon
4500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
1479
488.01
10.4
18.2
12.9
High
Car
1975
Honda
CIVIC CVCC
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Carb
52
90
28.2
42.3
33.2
High
Car
1976
Honda
CIVIC CVCC
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
3
Carb
60
91
31.6
42.8
35.8
High
Car
1977
Honda
CIVIC CVCC
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual

Carb
60
91
39.7
51.6
44.3
High
Car
1978
VW
RABBIT
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
48
90
39.1
52.2
44.1
High
Car
1979
VW
RABBIT
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
40.8
54.6
46
High
Car
1980
VW
RABBIT
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
41.9
56.5
47.4
High
Car
1981
VW
RABBIT
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
42.1
58.2
48.1
High
Car
1982
VW
RABBIT
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
45.4
57.8
50.2
High
Car
1983
Nissan-Mitsubishi
NISSAN SENTRA
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
55
103
48.2
61.3
53.4
High
Car
1984
Honda
CIVIC COUPE
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Carb
60
82
50.8
65.7
56.5
High
Car
1985
GM
SPRINT
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
48
61
52.7
67.5
58.5
High
Car
1985
GM
FIREFLY
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
48
61
52.7
67.5
58.5
High
Car
1985
Suzuki
SA310
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
48
61
52.7
67.5
58.5
High
Car
1986
GM
SPRINT ER
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
61.5
76.4
67.4
High
Car
1987
GM
SPRINT ER
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
59.7
74.5
65.6
High
Car
1988
GM
SPRINT METRO
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
59.7
74.5
65.6
High
Car
1989
Honda
CIVIC CRX
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
62
91
55.2
70.6
61.2
High
Car
1990
GM
METRO XFI
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
49
61
59.1
74.8
65.3
High
Car
1991
GM
METRO XFI
Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
59.1
74.7
65.3
High
Car
1992
GM
METRO XF

Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
59.1
74.8
65.3
High
Car
1993
GM
METRO XF

Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
59.1
74.8
65.3
High
Car
1994
GM
METRO XF

Sedan/Wagon
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
60
74.7
65.8
High
Car
1995
Honda
CIVIC HBVX
Sedan/Wagon
2250
Front
Manual
5
Port
91
91
51.7
72
59.2
High
Car
1996
Suzuki
SWIFT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
49.5
63.1
54.8
High
Car
1997
GM
METRO
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
48.9
63.2
54.4
High
Car
1998
GM
METRO
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
60
47.5
63.5
53.6
High
Car
1999
VW
NEW J ETTA
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
90
116
46.3
62.8
52.5
High
Car
1999
VW
NEW BEETLE
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
90
116
46.3
62.8
52.5
High
Car
1999
VW
NEWGOLF
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
90
116
46.3
62.8
52.5
High
Car
2000
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
68.3
89.4
76.4
High
Car
2001
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
67.7
88.1
75.6
High
Car
2002
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
67.7
87.2
75.3
High
Car
2003
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
67.4
87.2
75.1
High
Car
2004
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
67.1
84.1
73.8
High
Car
2005
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
73
61
67.7
84.4
74.3
High
Car
2006
Honda
INSIGHT
Sedan/Wagon
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
73
61
67
84.2
73.8
High
Car
2007
Toyota
PRIUS
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
CVT
1
Port
76
91
66.6
64.8
65.8
High
Car
2008
Toyota
PRIUS
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
CVT
1
Port
76
91
66.6
64.8
65.8
High
Car
2009
Toyota
PRIUS
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Front
CVT
1
Port
76
91
66.6
64.8
65.8
High
Car
2010
Honda
FCX
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Front
Automatic with Lockup
1
FCV
130

84.9
86.8
85.7
High
Car
2011
BMW
1 Series Active E
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Rear
Automatic
1
Electric
168

152.5
137.7
145.5
High
Car
2012
Nissan-Mitsubishi
i-MiEV
Sedan/Wagon
2750
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
1
Electric
66

180.5
141
160.3
High
Car
2013
Toyota
iQ EV
Sedan/Wagon
2750
Front
CVT
1
Electric
63

197.6
149.7
172.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
A-2
March 2019

-------
^EPA
UftrtCXt Sli»!«S
Environmenl.31 Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy by Model Year

Car or
Truck
Model
Year
iVIiinu fncturer
Model Nil me
Vehicle Type
Inertia
Weight
Drive
Triinsmission
Gears
Fuel
Delivery
HP
CID
2-Cvcle h'uel ICconomy
(MPG)*
City
1 Iwv
Comh
High
Car
2014
BMW
13 BEV
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Rear
Automatic
1
Electric
168

196.4
159.1
177.7
High
Car
2015
BMW
13 BEV
Sedan/Wagon
3000
Rear
Automatic
1
Electric
168

196.4
159.1
177.7
High
Car
2016
GM
VOLT
Sedan/Wagon
4000
Front
CVT
1
GDI
100
91.536
283.2
126.2
181.5
High
Car
2017
Hyundai
loniq Electric
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Front
Automatic
1
Electric
118

224.8
182.7
203.7
High
Car
2018
Hyundai
loniq Electric
Sedan/Wagon
3500
Front
Automatic
1
Electric
118

224.8
182.7
203.7
Low
Truck
1975
Ford
FORD F-250
Pickup
5000
Rear
Automatic

Carb
150
360
8.4
10
9
Low
Truck
1976
GM
CHEV P20 STEP
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic

Carb
245
454
8.1
10.9
9.2
Low
Truck
1977
Toyota
LAND CRUISER WAG
Truck SUV
4500
Rear
Manual

Carb
125
258
8.2
11.4
9.4
Low
Truck
1978
GM
CHEVC20SUBN
Truck SUV
5500
Rear
Automatic

Carb
185
454
8.9
10.4
9.5
Low
Truck
1978
GM
GMC C2500 SUBN
Truck SUV
5500
Rear
Automatic

Carb
185
454
8.9
10.4
9.5
Low
Truck
1979
Ford
PICKUP
Pickup
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
270
460
9
9.9
9.4
Low
Truck
1980
GM
CABCHAS.
Pickup
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
155
350
9
11.3
9.9
Low
Truck
1981
FCA
B250 VAN CON VERS
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
170
360
9.9
12.9
11.1
Low
Truck
1982
GM
G30SPRTVN 2WD
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
165
350
10.6
13.9
11.9
Low
Truck
1982
GM
G30SPRTVN 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
165
350
10.6
13.9
11.9
Low
Truck
1982
GM
G35 SPRTVN 2WD
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
165
350
10.6
13.9
11.9
Low
Truck
1982
GM
G35 SPRTVN 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
3
Carb
165
350
10.6
13.9
11.9
Low
Truck
1983
Ford
E250 ECONOLINE 2
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
143
351
10.9
13.9
12.1
Low
Truck
1984
FCA
B350 WAGON 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
175
360
9.7
13.7
11.2
Low
Truck
1985
Ford
E250 ECONOLINE 2
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
154
351
10.6
12.3
11.3
Low
Truck
1986
FCA
B350 WAGON 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
Carb
170
360
10.9
14.3
12.2
Low
Truck
1987
FCA
AW150 RAMCHARGER
Truck SUV
5000
4wd
Automatic
3
Carb
175
360
10.3
14.4
11.8
Low
Truck
1988
FCA
W100/W150 PICKUP
Pickup
5000
4wd
Automatic
3
Carb
175
360
10.4
13.7
11.7
Low
Truck
1988
FCA
W250 PICKUP4WD
Pickup
5000
4wd
Automatic
3
Carb
175
360
10.4
13.7
11.7
Low
Truck
1989
FCA
B350 WAGON 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic
3
TBI
145
360
11
14.1
12.2
Low
Truck
1990
GM
C1500 P/U 2WD
Pickup
4500
Rear
Automatic
3
TBI
230
454
10.6
14.1
11.9
Low
Truck
1991
FCA
W250 PICKUP4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Manual
3
TBI
190
360
10.4
16.1
12.4
Low
Truck
1992
FCA
W250 PICKUP4WD
Pickup
5000
4wd
Manual
4
TBI
203
360
10.3
16.7
12.4
Low
Truck
1992
FCA
W250 PICKUP4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Manual
4
TBI
203
360
10.3
16.7
12.4
Low
Truck
1993
GM
C1500 P/U 2WD
Pickup
4500
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
TBI
255
454
10.6
15.8
12.5
Low
Truck
1994
FCA
B150/B250 WAGON
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.7
18.2
14.7
Low
Truck
1995
FCA
B3500 WAGON 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.5
18.7
14.7
Low
Truck
1996
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.2
19.5
14.7
Low
Truck
1996
FCA
RAM 2500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.2
19.5
14.7
Low
Truck
1997
FCA
B3500 WAGON 2WD
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.1
18.8
14.4
Low
Truck
1997
FCA
B3500 WAGON 2WD
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
360
12.1
18.8
14.4
Low
Truck
1998
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
6000
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
235
360
12.8
20.8
15.5
Low
Truck
1999
FCA
DURANG0 4WD
Truck SUV
5000
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
245
360
13
20.8
15.7
Low
Truck
1999
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
5000
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
245
360
13
20.8
15.7
Low
Truck
2000
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
6000
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
230
318
12.8
20.4
15.4
Low
Truck
2001
GM
K1500 SIERRA 4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
300
364
12.4
18
14.4
Low
Truck
2002
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
Pickup
5500
4wd
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
245
360
12.7
19.7
15.1
Low
Truck
2003
GM
G1500-2500 CHEVY VAN 2WD
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
300
364
10.7
18
13.1
Low
Truck
2004
GM
G1500-2500 SAVANA 2WD CARGO
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic w
th Lockup
4
Port
300
412
10.2
17.1
12.5
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
A-3
March 2019

-------
^EPA
UftrtCXt Sli»!«S
Environmenl.31 Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy by Model Year

Car or
Truck
Model
Year
iVIiinu fncturer
Model Nil me
Vehicle Type
Inertia
Weight
Drive
Triinsmission
Gears
Fuel
Delivery
HP
CID
2-Cvcle h'uel ICconomy
(MPG)*
City
1 Iwv
Comh
Low
Truck
2004
GM
G1500-2500 CHEVY VAN 2WD
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
300
412
10.2
17.1
12.5
Low
Truck
2005
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
500
505
10
15.7
12
Low
Truck
2006
FCA
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
500
505
10
15.7
12
Low
Truck
2007
Ford
STAGE3 F150 SUPERCREW4WD
Pickup
6500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
445
330
12.9
19.1
15.1
Low
Truck
2008
Mercedes
G55 AMG
Truck SUV
6000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
5
Port
493
332
13.2
18.5
15.2
Low
Truck
2009
Mercedes
ML63AMG
Truck SUV
5500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
503
379
12.8
19.8
15.2
Low
Truck
2010
Mercedes
ML 63 AMG
Truck SUV
5500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
503
384
12.8
19.7
15.2
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E150 Van Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E150 Wagon Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E250 Van Propane
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E250 Van Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E350 Van Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2011
Ford
E350 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
330
7.9
9.2
8.4
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E150 Van Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E150 Wagon Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E250 Van Propane
Van
5500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E250 Van Propane
Van
6000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E350 Van Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2012
Ford
E350 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2013
Ford
E150 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2013
Ford
E350 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2014
Ford
E150 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2014
Ford
E350 Wagon Propane
Van
6500
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
255
329.53
10.9
12.7
11.6
Low
Truck
2015
GM
G3500 EXPRESS 2WD PASS MDPV
Van
7000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
6
Port
324
366.14
12.6
20.6
15.3
Low
Truck
2015
GM
G3500 SAVANA 2WD PASS MDPV
Van
7000
Rear
Automatic with Lockup
6
Port
324
366.14
12.6
20.6
15.3
Low
Truck
2016
Mercedes
AMG G65
Truck SUV
6000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
Port
621
364.92
13
18.6
15
Low
Truck
2017
Mercedes
G 550 4x4
Truck SUV
7000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
GDI
416
243
12.9
16.3
14.2
Low
Truck
2018
Mercedes
G 550 4x4
Truck SUV
7000
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
7
GDI
416
243
12.9
16.3
14.2
High
Truck
1975
Nissan-Mitsubishi
PICKUP
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual

Carb
107
119
20.4
31.7
24.3
High
Truck
1976
Ford
COURIER PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
65
109
23.5
33.3
27
High
Truck
1977
Ford
COURIER CAB CHAS
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
27.8
39.8
32.2
High
Truck
1977
Ford
COURIER PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
27.8
39.8
32.2
High
Truck
1977
Mazda
MAZDA B1800 PICK
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
27.8
39.8
32.2
High
Truck
1978
Ford
COURIER PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
29.2
38.4
32.7
High
Truck
1978
Mazda
B1800 PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
29.2
38.4
32.7
High
Truck
1978
Ford
COURIER CAB CHAS
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual

Carb
67
110
29.2
38.4
32.7
High
Truck
1979
Ford
COURIER PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
72
120
26.7
36.8
30.5
High
Truck
1979
Mazda
B2000 PICKUP
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
72
120
26.7
36.8
30.5
High
Truck
1980
VW
2WD
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
39.9
53.3
45
High
Truck
1981
VW
P/U 2WD
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
52
97
37.2
50.8
42.3
High
Truck
1982
VW
P/U 2WD
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
40.6
48
43.6
High
Truck
1983
VW
P/U 2WD
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
42
49.6
45.1
High
Truck
1984
GM
P'UPP/U 2WD
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
38.4
49.1
42.6
High
Truck
1985
GM
P'UPP/U 2WD
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
38.4
49.1
42.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
A-4
March 2019

-------
^EPA
UftrtCXt Sli»!«S
Environmenl.31 Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table A: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest 2-Cycle Fuel Economy by Model Year

Car or
Truck
Model
Year
iVIiinu fncturer
Model Nil me
Vehicle Type
Inertia
Weight
Drive
Triinsmission
Gears
Fuel
Delivery
HP
CID
2-Cvcle h'uel ICconomy
(MPG)*
City
1 Iwv
Comh
High
Truck
1986
GM
P'UP 2WD
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
38.4
49.1
42.6
High
Truck
1987
GM
P'UP-2WD
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
60
137
38.4
49.8
42.8
High
Truck
1988
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2250
4wd
Manual
5
Carb
64
81
30.6
37.2
33.2
High
Truck
1989
Suzuki
SIDEKICK
Truck SUV
2250
4wd
Manual
5
Carb
64
79
31
36.9
33.4
High
Truck
1990
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.2
36.8
33.5
High
Truck
1991
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.3
36.7
33.5
High
Truck
1992
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.2
36.8
33.5
High
Truck
1993
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.2
36.8
33.5
High
Truck
1994
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.2
36.8
33.5
High
Truck
1995
Suzuki
SAMURAI
Truck SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
31.3
36.8
33.6
High
Truck
1996
GM
S10 PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
26.6
39.8
31.3
High
Truck
1996
GM
SONOMA 2WD
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
26.6
39.8
31.3
High
Truck
1997
GM
S10 PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
26.6
39.8
31.3
High
Truck
1997
GM
SONOMA 2WD
Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
26.6
39.8
31.3
High
Truck
1998
Suzuki
X-90 4WD
Truck SUV
2750
4wd
Manual
5
Port
95
97
27.6
35.9
30.8
High
Truck
1999
GM
TRACKER4X4 CONVERTIBLE
Truck SUV
3000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
97
97
28.1
35.8
31.1
High
Truck
2000
GM
TRACKER CONVERTIBLE 4X4
Truck SUV
3000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
97
97
27.9
35
30.7
High
Truck
2000
Suzuki
VITARACONVERTIBLE 4WD
Truck SUV
3000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
97
97
27.9
35
30.7
High
Truck
2001
Mazda
B2300 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
138
140
26.7
35
29.9
High
Truck
2001
Ford
RANGER PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
138
140
26.7
35
29.9
High
Truck
2002
GM
TRACKER4WD HARDTOP
Truck SUV
3500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
141
118
28.6
39.5
32.7
High
Truck
2002
Suzuki
VITARA 4-DOOR 4WD
Truck SUV
3500
4wd
Automatic with Lockup
4
Port
141
118
28.6
39.5
32.7
High
Truck
2003
Ford
RANGER PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
140
140
26.7
36.5
30.4
High
Truck
2003
Mazda
B2300 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
140
140
26.7
36.5
30.4
High
Truck
2004
Ford
RANGER PICKUP 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
140
140
26.2
37.1
30.2
High
Truck
2004
Mazda
B2300 2WD
Pickup
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
140
140
26.2
37.1
30.2
High
Truck
2005
Ford
ESCAPE HEV4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
135
140
36.5
36.7
36.6
High
Truck
2006
Ford
MARINER HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
135
140
36.5
36.7
36.6
High
Truck
2006
Mazda
TRIBUTE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
135
140
36.5
36.7
36.6
High
Truck
2006
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
135
140
36.5
36.7
36.6
High
Truck
2007
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
133
140
35.8
37.3
36.5
High
Truck
2007
Ford
MARINER HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
133
140
35.8
37.3
36.5
High
Truck
2008
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
133
140
38.3
37.7
38
High
Truck
2008
Ford
MARINER HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
133
140
38.3
37.7
38
High
Truck
2008
Mazda
TRIBUTE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
133
140
38.3
37.7
38
High
Truck
2009
GM
VUE HYBRID
Truck SUV
4500
Front
CVT
1
GDI
262
218
34.5
41.7
37.4
High
Truck
2010
Mazda
TRIBUTE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
155
153
40.1
38.3
39.3
High
Truck
2011
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
155
153
39.8
38.1
39
High
Truck
2011
Ford
MARINER HYBRID4WD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
155
153
39.8
38.1
39
High
Truck
2012
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID AWD
Truck SUV
4000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
155
152.56
39.8
38.1
39
High
Truck
2013
Toyota
RX 450h AWD
Truck SUV
5000
4wd
CVT
1
Port
245
210.9
38.5
38.6
38.6
High
Truck
2014
Subaru
XV CROSSTREK AWD
Truck SUV
3500
4wd
CVT
1
Port
148
122.05
37.9
46.4
41.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
A-5
March 2019

-------
#EPA	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
ptotMion	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table B: Production-Weighted Percent Distribution of Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy (MPG)
Car or Truck
Model Year
Percentile Level
Actual Average
0%
1%
5%
10%
20%
25%
50%
75%
80%
90%
95%
99%
100%
Car
1975
8.4
9.0
9.8
10.1
11.0
11.2
13.1
16.7
17.9
20.9
23.3
27.4
28.3
13.5
Car
1976
8.6
10.2
11.2
11.7
12.3
12.7
14.6
17.3
18.9
22.9
24.5
28.2
30.5
14.9
Car
1977
8.3
10.5
11.6
12.4
13.6
14.0
15.0
17.3
18.9
24.3
28.0
33.8
37.6
15.6
Car
1978
8.0
11.3
12.6
13.2
14.2
14.9
16.9
19.8
21.3
25.0
28.2
32.7
37.5
16.9
Car
1979
7.9
12.0
13.1
13.7
14.6
15.1
16.9
20.4
21.9
24.9
26.5
31.0
39.1
17.2
Car
1980
7.9
13.9
14.8
15.9
17.2
17.6
19.8
23.1
24.0
26.6
29.1
36.1
40.3
20.0
Car
1981
8.6
14.6
15.8
17.0
18.3
18.6
21.6
25.3
26.1
28.6
31.6
37.9
40.9
21.4
Car
1982
8.5
15.4
16.6
17.0
18.2
19.1
23.4
26.0
27.2
29.6
32.6
38.9
42.7
22.2
Car
1983
8.5
16.3
16.5
17.0
17.8
18.4
22.3
26.7
28.0
31.2
33.4
36.6
45.3
22.1
Car
1984
8.5
16.6
17.0
17.3
18.1
19.3
22.9
26.5
27.3
29.9
32.8
38.2
48.0
22.4
Car
1985
8.5
17.6
17.8
18.4
19.5
19.9
22.8
26.7
27.7
29.9
33.6
39.0
49.6
23.0
Car
1986
7.5
18.0
18.8
19.5
20.3
20.6
24.5
26.6
27.6
30.1
33.7
39.3
56.8
23.7
Car
1987
7.5
18.2
18.6
19.2
20.6
21.2
23.9
27.1
27.6
30.1
31.3
38.1
54.8
23.8
Car
1988
7.5
18.1
19.2
19.4
21.2
22.4
24.1
27.2
27.7
30.5
32.4
37.9
54.4
24.1
Car
1989
7.5
18.0
19.3
19.6
20.7
21.7
23.2
26.3
27.2
29.1
31.0
37.7
50.6
23.6
Car
1990
9.2
17.5
19.0
19.3
21.3
21.5
23.1
26.0
26.4
28.3
30.9
34.6
53.4
23.3
Car
1991
8.5
17.1
18.8
19.5
20.3
21.1
22.8
26.1
26.3
29.2
31.2
36.7
53.0
23.3
Car
1992
8.5
16.4
18.3
19.5
20.6
20.8
22.4
25.4
25.9
28.5
31.2
39.1
52.6
22.9
Car
1993
8.5
15.1
18.2
19.2
20.3
21.3
22.7
25.7
26.9
28.4
31.1
35.8
52.2
23.0
Car
1994
10.9
17.1
18.8
19.6
20.1
20.9
22.7
25.6
26.3
28.5
30.6
35.8
52.2
23.0
Car
1995
8.7
16.8
18.9
19.4
21.0
21.7
22.7
26.0
27.1
29.0
31.4
33.8
47.3
23.3
Car
1996
10.1
16.7
19.3
19.5
20.9
21.3
22.6
25.7
26.1
29.1
30.5
33.9
43.3
23.1
Car
1997
10.7
16.9
19.3
19.4
20.7
21.1
23.0
25.3
26.4
28.8
29.8
33.2
42.8
23.2
Car
1998
10.8
17.0
18.6
19.4
21.0
21.3
22.7
25.3
26.1
28.7
29.8
31.5
42.0
23.0
Car
1999
10.5
17.1
18.7
19.4
21.0
21.2
22.3
24.5
25.2
27.8
29.2
30.9
41.0
22.7
Car
2000
9.9
17.1
17.7
19.5
21.0
21.3
22.1
24.3
25.0
27.2
28.5
31.0
57.4
22.5
Car
2001
9.8
16.9
18.3
19.4
20.7
20.8
22.3
25.1
25.6
27.8
30.9
31.9
56.3
22.6
Car
2002
10.1
16.5
18.8
19.7
20.7
21.3
22.5
25.0
25.3
27.3
29.4
31.7
55.6
22.8
Car
2003
9.0
17.1
19.1
19.7
20.8
21.2
23.0
25.1
25.6
28.1
29.4
32.4
55.0
23.0
Car
2004
10.3
17.4
18.5
19.1
20.6
21.0
22.9
25.4
25.8
28.0
29.6
35.3
53.5
22.9
Car
2005
10.3
17.2
18.6
19.4
20.3
21.1
23.3
25.7
25.8
29.1
29.8
41.8
53.3
23.1
Car
2006
10.3
16.9
18.6
19.1
20.4
21.1
23.0
25.5
25.8
28.8
30.9
42.9
53.0
23.0
Car
2007
10.4
17.2
18.7
19.6
20.7
21.2
23.6
25.9
27.5
30.2
31.3
42.9
46.2
23.7
Car
2008
10.1
17.1
18.6
19.8
20.9
21.4
23.6
26.6
27.9
30.3
31.3
42.9
46.2
23.9
Car
2009
10.4
17.2
19.6
20.6
21.8
22.6
25.4
28.1
29.1
30.9
31.0
42.9
46.2
25.0
Car
2010
10.1
18.1
20.1
20.7
22.0
22.7
25.9
29.0
30.2
30.8
35.3
42.9
60.2
25.7
Car
2011
12.4
18.4
20.0
21.2
22.4
23.0
26.3
27.6
28.8
30.4
33.0
41.5
100.6
25.4
Car
2012
11.2
18.8
20.5
21.9
23.4
24.1
27.3
30.3
31.6
32.7
36.2
47.4
109.0
26.9
Car
2013
11.2
19.1
21.4
22.4
24.1
25.1
27.8
31.6
32.3
33.2
38.2
47.7
117.0
27.7
Car
2014
11.2
19.0
21.2
22.4
24.0
24.9
28.4
31.2
31.9
33.9
37.1
47.7
121.3
27.6
Car
2015
12.7
19.1
21.2
22.7
24.6
25.7
28.8
31.9
32.2
33.6
37.1
57.6
121.3
28.2
Car
2016
12.9
18.9
21.5
23.4
25.2
26.0
29.0
32.2
32.6
34.7
36.3
77.1
121.3
28.5
Car
2017
12.7
19.2
21.9
23.7
25.5
26.1
29.5
33.1
33.5
35.5
41.6
109.5
132.6
29.2
EPA-420-R-19-002
B-l
March 2019

-------
#EPA	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
ptotMion	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table B: Production-Weighted Percent Distribution of Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy (MPG)
Car or Truck
Model Year
Percentile Level
Actual Average
0%
1%
5%
10%
20%
25%
50%
75%
80%
90%
95%
99%
100%
Car
2018
11.2
19.2
22.4
23.9
25.5
26.3
29.9
33.4
33.7
36.6
51.9
90.9
132.6
29.9
Truck
1975
7.6
7.9
8.9
9.2
9.6
9.8
11.7
13.3
15.4
17.8
19.0
19.2
20.8
11.6
Truck
1976
7.8
9.0
9.7
10.0
10.4
10.5
11.9
14.1
15.6
17.2
19.7
21.6
23.0
12.2
Truck
1977
8.0
8.8
10.3
10.9
11.5
11.6
12.5
15.5
15.8
19.6
21.7
25.6
27.4
13.3
Truck
1978
8.0
9.5
10.4
10.6
11.0
11.1
12.2
15.7
16.3
19.3
22.5
24.6
27.8
12.9
Truck
1979
7.9
8.0
9.2
9.6
10.3
10.7
12.1
15.5
16.1
19.4
20.7
25.3
25.9
12.5
Truck
1980
8.4
10.7
11.4
12.1
13.2
13.4
16.1
19.2
20.3
22.2
23.1
25.8
38.3
15.8
Truck
1981
9.4
11.4
12.5
13.3
14.8
15.2
16.1
20.3
21.6
25.0
26.6
31.2
36.0
17.1
Truck
1982
10.1
11.1
12.1
13.3
14.8
15.2
17.1
20.9
22.8
24.3
26.4
30.6
37.0
17.4
Truck
1983
10.3
11.0
12.0
13.4
14.9
15.4
18.2
22.0
22.8
25.2
26.5
30.0
38.2
17.7
Truck
1984
9.5
11.0
12.0
13.2
14.7
15.1
18.3
20.7
21.5
24.3
25.9
29.2
36.1
17.4
Truck
1985
9.6
11.4
12.4
13.6
14.0
14.7
18.5
21.0
21.8
24.0
25.2
28.4
36.1
17.5
Truck
1986
10.4
11.8
13.5
14.4
15.1
15.6
18.6
21.8
22.9
24.2
25.7
27.8
36.0
18.2
Truck
1987
10.0
11.6
13.7
14.2
15.1
15.8
18.7
21.5
22.8
23.7
25.9
27.6
36.0
18.3
Truck
1988
9.8
12.2
13.8
14.2
15.3
15.6
18.5
20.2
21.5
23.3
25.0
27.8
27.8
17.8
Truck
1989
10.2
11.6
13.7
14.4
15.2
15.5
18.5
20.0
20.4
22.6
24.2
24.8
27.7
17.6
Truck
1990
10.0
11.7
13.6
14.0
14.9
15.5
17.6
19.2
20.8
22.3
24.1
24.3
27.6
17.4
Truck
1991
10.4
12.5
13.8
14.4
15.6
16.1
18.2
19.8
20.5
23.0
24.0
24.8
27.5
17.8
Truck
1992
10.4
12.5
14.0
14.3
15.2
15.7
17.6
19.6
20.2
21.8
23.3
24.7
27.3
17.3
Truck
1993
10.5
12.9
13.9
14.1
15.4
15.9
17.8
19.4
19.9
21.8
23.7
24.6
27.2
17.5
Truck
1994
12.2
13.0
13.8
14.1
14.9
15.3
17.4
19.6
19.6
22.3
23.4
23.9
27.0
17.2
Truck
1995
12.2
12.8
13.7
13.9
14.9
15.1
16.9
19.0
19.3
21.5
23.5
24.1
26.9
17.0
Truck
1996
12.2
12.3
13.8
14.4
14.8
15.2
17.4
19.4
19.6
21.5
22.7
24.3
25.6
17.2
Truck
1997
12.0
13.1
13.7
14.5
15.0
15.3
16.8
18.6
19.0
20.0
22.0
24.2
25.5
16.8
Truck
1998
12.9
13.1
13.6
14.2
14.7
15.1
17.2
19.2
19.8
21.5
22.5
23.9
25.1
17.1
Truck
1999
13.0
13.0
13.6
13.9
14.7
15.0
16.8
18.6
19.3
20.3
21.7
23.9
24.7
16.6
Truck
2000
12.6
13.1
13.8
14.5
15.3
15.3
16.8
18.7
19.5
20.1
21.6
22.6
24.8
16.8
Truck
2001
11.8
11.8
13.4
14.1
14.9
15.1
16.3
18.7
19.1
19.9
21.1
22.5
23.6
16.5
Truck
2002
12.4
12.6
13.8
14.4
15.0
15.1
16.2
18.2
18.9
19.8
20.9
22.6
25.8
16.5
Truck
2003
10.9
13.0
13.8
14.1
14.8
15.2
16.3
18.8
19.4
20.8
21.7
22.5
23.9
16.7
Truck
2004
10.4
13.5
13.8
14.3
14.8
15.0
16.3
18.0
18.9
20.2
20.8
22.2
23.8
16.5
Truck
2005
9.8
13.2
14.2
14.5
14.9
15.3
16.7
18.8
19.1
20.6
21.4
22.2
27.0
16.9
Truck
2006
9.8
14.0
14.2
14.7
15.3
15.4
17.1
19.1
19.7
20.8
22.1
25.4
27.0
17.2
Truck
2007
12.2
14.0
14.6
15.0
15.7
15.9
17.1
19.2
19.5
20.8
22.4
23.6
27.1
17.4
Truck
2008
12.2
14.3
14.8
15.0
16.1
16.3
17.6
19.7
20.0
22.1
22.7
24.9
27.9
17.8
Truck
2009
12.4
14.8
15.3
15.7
16.6
16.7
18.9
20.4
20.9
22.6
23.4
25.0
28.3
18.5
Truck
2010
12.2
14.6
15.3
15.8
16.5
17.2
18.9
20.9
21.3
23.3
23.9
24.8
28.7
18.8
Truck
2011
6.7
14.6
15.4
16.2
17.3
17.6
19.1
21.1
22.0
23.7
24.1
24.4
28.2
19.1
Truck
2012
9.1
14.7
15.4
16.1
17.4
17.7
19.4
21.3
22.1
23.6
24.8
25.4
29.1
19.3
Truck
2013
9.1
14.7
15.5
16.6
17.7
17.7
19.6
22.1
23.3
25.0
25.8
28.0
28.5
19.8
Truck
2014
9.1
14.9
16.1
16.9
17.9
18.3
20.2
23.0
24.1
25.8
26.7
28.4
30.6
20.3
Truck
2015
12.7
15.3
17.4
17.8
18.8
19.1
20.7
23.7
24.3
27.6
28.4
28.7
31.5
21.1
Truck
2016
11.9
15.1
17.3
17.9
18.6
18.9
21.1
23.7
24.9
27.6
28.1
29.3
42.6
21.2
Truck
2017
10.8
15.1
17.1
17.7
18.5
18.9
21.5
23.8
24.9
28.2
29.0
30.7
67.3
21.4
Truck
2018
10.8
15.1
17.6
18.3
19.1
19.5
22.0
25.0
25.3
28.2
28.8
30.9
48.5
21.8
EPA-420-R-19-002
B-2
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125






























RealWorldCity
Car
1976

3.2%
61.1%
22.2%
11.0%
2.5%



















RealWorldCity
Car
1977

4.6%
60.1%
20.0%
8.2%
5.4%
1.2%
0.5%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1978

0.8%
45.2%
34.1%
11.1%
7.0%
1.5%
0.3%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1979

0.2%
43.8%
36.0%
15.6%
3.5%
0.4%
0.4%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1980

0.0%
17.1%
43.8%
28.8%
8.1%
1.1%
1.1%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1981
0.0%
0.0%
9.8%
44.3%
29.2%
12.1%
3.5%
1.0%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1982

0.0%
9.2%
36.1%
36.8%
12.7%
3.5%
1.3%
0.3%
















RealWorldCity
Car
1983

0.0%
13.6%
37.1%
24.3%
18.1%
5.8%
0.9%
0.1%
















RealWorldCity
Car
1984

0.0%
8.5%
38.6%
31.5%
15.1%
5.0%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
Car
1985

0.0%
0.4%
47.7%
31.8%
13.7%
5.1%
0.8%
0.1%
0.4%















RealWorldCity
Car
1986

0.0%
0.4%
43.5%
35.7%
15.0%
3.3%
1.2%
0.5%
0.0%
0.3%














RealWorldCity
Car
1987

0.0%
0.7%
40.5%
35.7%
20.0%
1.7%
0.9%
0.3%

0.2%














RealWorldCity
Car
1988

0.0%
0.6%
40.2%
37.4%
17.5%
2.2%
1.8%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%














RealWorldCity
Car
1989

0.0%
0.5%
46.1%
35.2%
15.4%
1.2%
1.1%
0.1%
0.3%















RealWorldCity
Car
1990

0.0%
0.6%
47.5%
37.7%
11.3%
2.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
Car
1991

0.0%
0.8%
49.3%
36.7%
10.2%
2.1%
0.2%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
Car
1992

0.0%
3.5%
54.1%
31.3%
7.8%
2.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
Car
1993

0.0%
5.0%
47.2%
35.6%
9.7%
1.6%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
Car
1994

0.0%
1.0%
53.1%
35.9%
7.6%
1.5%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
Car
1995

0.0%
1.1%
54.9%
32.2%
9.8%
1.5%
0.3%
0.3%
















RealWorldCity
Car
1996

0.0%
1.6%
55.5%
31.1%
10.1%
1.2%
0.1%
0.3%
















RealWorldCity
Car
1997

0.0%
1.5%
51.3%
37.3%
8.5%
1.2%
0.2%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1998

0.0%
2.3%
51.6%
34.5%
11.0%
0.3%
0.3%

















RealWorldCity
Car
1999

0.0%
1.2%
60.8%
29.8%
7.8%
0.1%
0.2%

















RealWorldCity
Car
2000

0.0%
2.9%
59.6%
32.1%
4.9%
0.3%
0.2%


0.1%














RealWorldCity
Car
2001

0.0%
3.2%
60.9%
26.9%
8.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
Car
2002

0.0%
2.0%
59.6%
31.0%
7.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
Car
2003

0.0%
1.9%
56.7%
32.3%
8.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%















RealWorldCity
Car
2004

0.0%
3.3%
57.3%
30.7%
7.6%
0.2%
0.3%

0.6%















RealWorldCity
Car
2005

0.0%
3.3%
54.5%
31.4%
9.0%
0.2%
0.3%

1.4%















RealWorldCity
Car
2006

0.0%
3.3%
57.0%
28.6%
9.5%
0.3%

0.4%
1.0%















RealWorldCity
Car
2007

0.0%
3.1%
48.2%
35.4%
10.2%
0.8%
0.1%
0.4%
1.8%















RealWorldCity
Car
2008

0.0%
4.4%
48.1%
34.1%
9.9%
0.9%
0.1%
0.4%
2.1%















RealWorldCity
Car
2009

0.0%
2.4%
34.6%
41.6%
18.4%
1.2%
0.2%
0.3%
1.3%















RealWorldCity
Car
2010

0.0%
1.0%
30.4%
43.7%
19.3%
0.4%
0.3%
1.2%

3.6%
0.0%













RealWorldCity
Car
2011

0.0%
1.2%
32.5%
48.5%
14.2%
0.9%
0.2%
0.4%
1.9%
0.0%
0.0%

0.1%




0.0%


0.1%



RealWorldCity
Car
2012

0.0%
0.9%
23.6%
43.7%
25.5%
1.7%
0.6%
1.5%
1.4%
0.5%

0.4%


0.0%

0.0%



0.1%
0.0%


RealWorldCity
Car
2013

0.0%
0.7%
20.1%
39.5%
31.5%
2.3%
0.7%
2.0%
1.5%
0.5%

0.3%


0.0%

0.1%
0.0%



0.0%

0.3%
RealWorldCity
Car
2014

0.0%
0.6%
20.4%
41.0%
29.8%
2.9%
0.9%
1.7%
1.2%
0.4%
0.0%
0.3%
0.3%

0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%



0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
RealWorldCity
Car
2015

0.0%
0.7%
15.8%
40.0%
34.4%
3.7%
0.9%
1.3%
1.7%
0.4%

0.2%
0.1%



0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%

0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
RealWorldCity
Car
2016


1.0%
11.4%
39.7%
37.1%
6.8%
0.4%
1.0%
0.1%
1.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%


0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
RealWorldCity
Car
2017

0.0%
1.1%
9.7%
38.6%
38.1%
6.3%
0.6%
1.4%
0.6%
1.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-l	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldCity
Car
1976















RealWorldCity
Car
1977















RealWorldCity
Car
1978















RealWorldCity
Car
1979















RealWorldCity
Car
1980















RealWorldCity
Car
1981















RealWorldCity
Car
1982















RealWorldCity
Car
1983















RealWorldCity
Car
1984















RealWorldCity
Car
1985















RealWorldCity
Car
1986















RealWorldCity
Car
1987















RealWorldCity
Car
1988















RealWorldCity
Car
1989















RealWorldCity
Car
1990















RealWorldCity
Car
1991















RealWorldCity
Car
1992















RealWorldCity
Car
1993















RealWorldCity
Car
1994















RealWorldCity
Car
1995















RealWorldCity
Car
1996















RealWorldCity
Car
1997















RealWorldCity
Car
1998















RealWorldCity
Car
1999















RealWorldCity
Car
2000















RealWorldCity
Car
2001















RealWorldCity
Car
2002















RealWorldCity
Car
2003















RealWorldCity
Car
2004















RealWorldCity
Car
2005















RealWorldCity
Car
2006















RealWorldCity
Car
2007















RealWorldCity
Car
2008















RealWorldCity
Car
2009















RealWorldCity
Car
2010















RealWorldCity
Car
2011















RealWorldCity
Car
2012
0.0%














RealWorldCity
Car
2013
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%












RealWorldCity
Car
2014
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%












RealWorldCity
Car
2015
0.4%

0.0%












RealWorldCity
Car
2016
0.2%

0.0%












RealWorldCity
Car
2017
0.4%
0.0%


0.0%
0.4%









iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-2
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125





































RealWorldCity
Truck
1975

35.3%
53.2%
11.5%





















RealWorldCity
Truck
1976

20.4%
60.9%
17.2%
1.6%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1977

6.4%
69.7%
18.2%
4.7%
0.9%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1978

7.6%
70.8%
13.2%
7.4%
0.9%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1979

17.7%
61.8%
16.0%
4.4%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1980

0.6%
48.0%
37.5%
13.3%

0.5%
0.1%

















RealWorldCity
Truck
1981

0.0%
44.4%
35.6%
15.6%
2.3%
2.1%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
1982

0.1%
32.3%
43.7%
19.5%
3.7%
0.2%
0.6%

















RealWorldCity
Truck
1983

0.0%
36.0%
39.3%
21.6%
2.0%
0.9%
0.0%

















RealWorldCity
Truck
1984

0.8%
36.9%
40.9%
20.0%
0.9%
0.5%
0.0%

















RealWorldCity
Truck
1985

0.0%
35.6%
41.2%
20.3%
2.6%
0.2%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
1986

0.2%
31.5%
39.9%
25.8%
2.5%
0.2%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
1987

0.1%
25.5%
48.9%
22.7%
2.8%
0.1%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
1988

0.1%
34.3%
43.7%
20.0%
1.9%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1989

0.1%
35.2%
48.8%
15.2%
0.6%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1990

0.5%
36.2%
49.3%
13.8%
0.3%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1991

0.1%
35.0%
51.1%
13.8%
0.1%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1992

0.1%
44.6%
45.5%
9.7%
0.1%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1993

0.0%
40.3%
50.4%
9.2%
0.0%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1994


47.0%
42.1%
10.9%
0.1%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1995


49.8%
41.0%
9.1%
0.0%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
1996


46.8%
44.2%
9.0%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1997


53.5%
39.6%
7.0%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1998


47.3%
46.0%
6.7%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1999


60.4%
34.4%
5.2%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2000


59.7%
37.6%
2.7%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2001


63.6%
34.4%
2.0%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2002


66.8%
31.8%
1.3%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2003

0.0%
61.5%
37.3%
1.3%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2004

0.0%
70.6%
29.2%
0.2%




















RealWorldCity
Truck
2005

0.1%
60.9%
38.8%
0.2%
0.1%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2006

0.0%
58.9%
38.7%
0.9%
1.5%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2007


57.9%
38.5%
2.8%
0.7%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2008


50.4%
43.2%
5.3%
1.2%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2009


39.6%
53.9%
5.9%
0.6%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2010


38.5%
48.3%
12.4%
0.6%
0.1%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
2011

0.0%
33.1%
51.4%
15.3%
0.2%
0.1%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
2012

0.0%
30.5%
55.5%
13.6%
0.3%
0.0%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
2013

0.0%
28.9%
51.4%
18.9%
0.8%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2014

0.0%
18.2%
59.3%
22.2%
0.3%



















RealWorldCity
Truck
2015


10.0%
63.5%
21.9%
4.6%
0.0%


















RealWorldCity
Truck
2016


14.3%
56.7%
25.5%
2.7%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-3	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200




















RealWorldCity
Truck
1975















RealWorldCity
Truck
1976















RealWorldCity
Truck
1977















RealWorldCity
Truck
1978















RealWorldCity
Truck
1979















RealWorldCity
Truck
1980















RealWorldCity
Truck
1981















RealWorldCity
Truck
1982















RealWorldCity
Truck
1983















RealWorldCity
Truck
1984















RealWorldCity
Truck
1985















RealWorldCity
Truck
1986















RealWorldCity
Truck
1987















RealWorldCity
Truck
1988















RealWorldCity
Truck
1989















RealWorldCity
Truck
1990















RealWorldCity
Truck
1991















RealWorldCity
Truck
1992















RealWorldCity
Truck
1993















RealWorldCity
Truck
1994















RealWorldCity
Truck
1995















RealWorldCity
Truck
1996















RealWorldCity
Truck
1997















RealWorldCity
Truck
1998















RealWorldCity
Truck
1999















RealWorldCity
Truck
2000















RealWorldCity
Truck
2001















RealWorldCity
Truck
2002















RealWorldCity
Truck
2003















RealWorldCity
Truck
2004















RealWorldCity
Truck
2005















RealWorldCity
Truck
2006















RealWorldCity
Truck
2007















RealWorldCity
Truck
2008















RealWorldCity
Truck
2009















RealWorldCity
Truck
2010















RealWorldCity
Truck
2011















RealWorldCity
Truck
2012















RealWorldCity
Truck
2013















RealWorldCity
Truck
2014















RealWorldCity
Truck
2015















RealWorldCity
Truck
2016















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-4
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125































RealWorldCity
Truck
2018


6.7%
58.0%
28.0%
5.8%
1.1%
0.1%
0.0%



0.2%












RealWorldComb
Car
1975

6.6%
57.4%
23.9%
9.0%
3.1%



















RealWorldComb
Car
1976

0.3%
57.6%
24.4%
13.2%
3.8%
0.7%


















RealWorldComb
Car
1977

0.3%
44.0%
36.6%
10.2%
6.5%
1.5%
0.8%

















RealWorldComb
Car
1978

0.3%
26.8%
48.4%
13.6%
6.9%
3.6%
0.3%

















RealWorldComb
Car
1979

0.1%
24.2%
48.5%
17.9%
8.0%
1.0%
0.4%

















RealWorldComb
Car
1980

0.0%
5.7%
44.7%
33.0%
12.7%
2.7%
1.0%
0.2%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1981
0.0%
0.0%
2.6%
38.1%
33.6%
18.4%
5.1%
1.5%
0.8%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1982

0.0%
0.3%
31.1%
31.6%
27.9%
7.0%
1.2%
0.8%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1983

0.0%
0.3%
33.7%
29.6%
24.7%
9.5%
1.9%
0.4%
0.0%















RealWorldComb
Car
1984

0.0%
0.1%
26.9%
33.2%
30.7%
5.5%
3.0%
0.4%
0.2%















RealWorldComb
Car
1985

0.0%
0.1%
27.4%
29.3%
33.5%
7.3%
1.5%
0.4%
0.5%















RealWorldComb
Car
1986

0.0%
0.3%
16.7%
36.4%
36.6%
7.3%
1.9%
0.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%













RealWorldComb
Car
1987

0.0%
0.3%
16.0%
40.0%
33.1%
8.6%
1.5%
0.0%
0.3%
0.2%














RealWorldComb
Car
1988

0.0%
0.3%
14.4%
40.5%
33.8%
8.1%
2.5%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%














RealWorldComb
Car
1989

0.0%
0.3%
14.5%
46.3%
30.5%
6.2%
1.8%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
Car
1990

0.0%
0.2%
14.1%
50.7%
28.7%
5.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
1991

0.0%
0.2%
16.5%
49.1%
26.8%
5.8%
0.9%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
1992

0.0%
0.2%
14.1%
56.0%
22.1%
5.0%
1.6%
0.8%
0.1%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
Car
1993

0.0%
0.1%
17.4%
50.8%
24.2%
5.2%
1.5%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
Car
1994


0.1%
18.8%
50.7%
23.5%
4.9%
1.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
Car
1995

0.0%
0.1%
15.2%
51.7%
25.2%
7.0%
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%















RealWorldComb
Car
1996


0.1%
12.9%
60.5%
20.6%
5.1%
0.4%
0.3%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1997


0.1%
12.7%
59.1%
23.6%
4.1%
0.2%
0.2%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1998


0.1%
13.8%
57.2%
25.3%
3.2%
0.1%
0.3%
















RealWorldComb
Car
1999


0.0%
14.0%
62.9%
21.3%
1.5%
0.1%
0.1%
















RealWorldComb
Car
2000

0.0%
0.0%
14.2%
66.1%
17.8%
1.5%
0.2%
0.1%


0.1%













RealWorldComb
Car
2001

0.0%
0.0%
16.8%
58.0%
18.3%
6.5%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%

0.0%













RealWorldComb
Car
2002


0.1%
12.8%
64.4%
16.6%
5.5%
0.2%
0.4%
0.0%

0.0%













RealWorldComb
Car
2003

0.0%
0.1%
12.3%
60.4%
22.6%
3.9%
0.0%
0.8%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
2004


0.1%
14.8%
57.0%
25.1%
2.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.6%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
2005


0.2%
16.0%
48.7%
27.6%
5.8%
0.1%
0.3%
1.4%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
2006


0.3%
16.1%
52.4%
21.6%
8.1%
0.0%
0.4%
1.0%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
Car
2007


0.3%
13.9%
44.6%
29.1%
10.0%

0.4%
1.8%















RealWorldComb
Car
2008


0.2%
11.5%
46.7%
29.9%
9.0%
0.3%
0.4%
2.1%















RealWorldComb
Car
2009


0.2%
6.0%
38.6%
37.1%
16.2%
0.4%
0.3%
1.3%















RealWorldComb
Car
2010


0.1%
4.7%
35.1%
38.3%
16.1%
1.4%
0.7%
3.6%


0.0%












RealWorldComb
Car
2011


0.1%
4.8%
39.1%
43.5%
9.4%
0.7%
0.4%
1.9%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%



0.0%


0.1%
0.0%




RealWorldComb
Car
2012


0.1%
3.2%
27.4%
41.6%
22.4%
1.8%
1.0%
2.0%
0.2%

0.2%

0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%



RealWorldComb
Car
2013


0.1%
2.4%
22.3%
41.4%
26.8%
2.8%
1.0%
2.2%
0.1%

0.0%


0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%

0.3%
0.0%

RealWorldComb
Car
2014


0.0%
2.4%
24.3%
38.0%
27.9%
3.7%
1.0%
1.8%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%


0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
Car
2015


0.0%
2.0%
18.9%
40.0%
30.5%
4.7%
0.7%
2.2%
0.1%
0.1%




0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%

0.5%
0.0%
0.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-5	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldCity
Truck
2018















RealWorldComb
Car
1975















RealWorldComb
Car
1976















RealWorldComb
Car
1977















RealWorldComb
Car
1978















RealWorldComb
Car
1979















RealWorldComb
Car
1980















RealWorldComb
Car
1981















RealWorldComb
Car
1982















RealWorldComb
Car
1983















RealWorldComb
Car
1984















RealWorldComb
Car
1985















RealWorldComb
Car
1986















RealWorldComb
Car
1987















RealWorldComb
Car
1988















RealWorldComb
Car
1989















RealWorldComb
Car
1990















RealWorldComb
Car
1991















RealWorldComb
Car
1992















RealWorldComb
Car
1993















RealWorldComb
Car
1994















RealWorldComb
Car
1995















RealWorldComb
Car
1996















RealWorldComb
Car
1997















RealWorldComb
Car
1998















RealWorldComb
Car
1999















RealWorldComb
Car
2000















RealWorldComb
Car
2001















RealWorldComb
Car
2002















RealWorldComb
Car
2003















RealWorldComb
Car
2004















RealWorldComb
Car
2005















RealWorldComb
Car
2006















RealWorldComb
Car
2007















RealWorldComb
Car
2008















RealWorldComb
Car
2009















RealWorldComb
Car
2010















RealWorldComb
Car
2011















RealWorldComb
Car
2012















RealWorldComb
Car
2013















RealWorldComb
Car
2014















RealWorldComb
Car
2015















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-6
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125








































RealWorldComb
Car
2017


0.0%
1.8%
15.8%
37.2%
31.2%
8.3%
1.6%
0.6%
0.9%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.4%

0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.8%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
Car
2018


0.0%
1.6%
14.4%
34.1%
35.2%
5.4%
1.0%
1.7%
1.8%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.6%
0.4%
0.1%
0.9%
0.3%
1.8%
0.0%




RealWorldComb
Truck
1975

27.7%
51.8%
18.0%
2.5%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
1976

12.0%
66.1%
16.7%
5.1%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
1977

3.7%
66.0%
19.9%
9.2%
1.3%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1978

2.9%
68.6%
19.0%
8.6%
0.9%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1979

14.4%
59.3%
18.4%
6.8%
1.2%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1980

0.2%
40.7%
37.9%
19.1%
1.5%

0.6%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1981

0.0%
22.8%
50.7%
16.1%
7.1%
2.6%
0.7%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1982


21.9%
45.1%
23.7%
00
o
2?
0.8%
0.6%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1983


21.1%
41.3%
26.7%
9.8%
0.9%
0.2%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1984

0.1%
24.2%
43.0%
24.8%
7.1%
0.8%
0.1%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1985

0.0%
27.8%
40.8%
26.3%
4.8%
0.3%
0.0%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1986


19.7%
41.4%
33.5%
5.3%
0.1%
0.0%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1987


17.3%
43.1%
33.4%
6.1%
0.0%
0.0%

















RealWorldComb
Truck
1988

0.0%
17.8%
53.0%
22.1%
6.9%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1989


18.8%
54.3%
24.3%
2.7%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1990

0.3%
21.8%
55.5%
18.8%
3.6%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1991


16.6%
59.9%
21.4%
2.1%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1992


19.2%
60.0%
20.7%
0.1%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1993


14.5%
66.2%
19.2%
0.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1994


23.1%
60.7%
16.1%
0.1%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1995


24.4%
59.8%
15.8%
0.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1996


22.0%
61.0%
17.1%
0.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1997


19.5%
70.5%
10.1%
0.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1998


23.5%
62.0%
14.6%
0.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
1999


24.2%
63.7%
12.2%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
2000


17.1%
72.0%
11.0%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
2001


23.5%
66.6%
9.9%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
2002


19.9%
71.3%
8.6%
0.2%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2003


24.1%
61.6%
14.4%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
2004


25.5%
63.4%
11.1%




















RealWorldComb
Truck
2005

0.0%
20.9%
64.4%
14.6%
0.1%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2006

0.0%
13.8%
69.9%
14.8%
1.5%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2007


10.1%
74.4%
14.7%
0.8%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2008


9.7%
70.5%
18.9%
0.9%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2009


2.6%
66.9%
29.4%
1.1%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2010


3.0%
63.3%
31.4%
2.4%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2011

0.0%
3.3%
59.3%
36.8%
0.6%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2012

0.0%
2.9%
56.2%
37.3%
3.6%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2013

0.0%
2.2%
50.5%
36.3%
11.0%



















RealWorldComb
Truck
2014

0.0%
1.7%
44.3%
38.9%
14.9%
0.1%


















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-7	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldComb
Car
2017

0.0%













RealWorldComb
Car
2018

0.0%













RealWorldComb
Truck
1975















RealWorldComb
Truck
1976















RealWorldComb
Truck
1977















RealWorldComb
Truck
1978















RealWorldComb
Truck
1979















RealWorldComb
Truck
1980















RealWorldComb
Truck
1981















RealWorldComb
Truck
1982















RealWorldComb
Truck
1983















RealWorldComb
Truck
1984















RealWorldComb
Truck
1985















RealWorldComb
Truck
1986















RealWorldComb
Truck
1987















RealWorldComb
Truck
1988















RealWorldComb
Truck
1989















RealWorldComb
Truck
1990















RealWorldComb
Truck
1991















RealWorldComb
Truck
1992















RealWorldComb
Truck
1993















RealWorldComb
Truck
1994















RealWorldComb
Truck
1995















RealWorldComb
Truck
1996















RealWorldComb
Truck
1997















RealWorldComb
Truck
1998















RealWorldComb
Truck
1999















RealWorldComb
Truck
2000















RealWorldComb
Truck
2001















RealWorldComb
Truck
2002















RealWorldComb
Truck
2003















RealWorldComb
Truck
2004















RealWorldComb
Truck
2005















RealWorldComb
Truck
2006















RealWorldComb
Truck
2007















RealWorldComb
Truck
2008















RealWorldComb
Truck
2009















RealWorldComb
Truck
2010















RealWorldComb
Truck
2011















RealWorldComb
Truck
2012















RealWorldComb
Truck
2013















RealWorldComb
Truck
2014















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-8
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125






























RealWorldComb
Truck
2016


0.6%
36.3%
43.9%
18.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
















RealWorldComb
Truck
2017


0.6%
34.5%
46.0%
16.2%
2.4%
0.0%
0.1%




0.0%











RealWorldComb
Truck
2018


0.7%
28.6%
46.1%
21.3%
3.0%
0.1%

0.2%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1975

0.3%
57.2%
21.2%
12.8%
6.0%
2.6%


















RealWorldHwy
Car
1976

0.1%
38.9%
38.8%
9.9%
8.4%
4.0%


















RealWorldHwy
Car
1977

0.0%
21.4%
55.4%
8.5%
7.2%
5.5%
1.4%
0.5%
















RealWorldHwy
Car
1978

0.0%
8.1%
59.2%
15.8%
9.5%
5.3%
1.8%
0.3%
















RealWorldHwy
Car
1979

0.0%
5.6%
61.2%
17.9%
10.4%
4.1%
0.6%
0.1%
















RealWorldHwy
Car
1980

0.0%
0.7%
30.0%
34.1%
23.9%
9.3%
0.8%
1.1%
















RealWorldHwy
Car
1981

0.0%
0.0%
14.9%
39.4%
27.3%
13.6%
3.1%
1.0%
0.7%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1982

0.0%
0.0%
9.3%
35.3%
32.1%
16.0%
5.6%
0.8%
0.8%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1983

0.0%
0.0%
7.9%
38.7%
28.9%
15.7%
6.8%
1.6%
0.3%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1984

0.0%
0.1%
3.7%
37.6%
24.6%
27.5%
4.4%
1.7%
0.2%
0.2%














RealWorldHwy
Car
1985

0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
41.3%
25.5%
23.4%
6.7%
1.7%
0.2%
0.4%














RealWorldHwy
Car
1986

0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
25.6%
47.4%
19.3%
4.6%
1.7%
0.2%
0.0%
0.3%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1987

0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
22.3%
39.0%
31.2%
5.1%
1.1%
0.3%

0.2%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1988


0.0%
0.7%
18.3%
50.3%
23.6%
5.8%
1.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1989


0.0%
0.6%
17.3%
58.9%
18.3%
3.9%
0.7%
0.1%
0.3%














RealWorldHwy
Car
1990


0.0%
0.5%
17.5%
63.4%
14.1%
3.5%
0.7%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1991


0.0%
0.9%
21.2%
52.6%
20.4%
3.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1992


0.0%
1.2%
20.4%
56.4%
15.9%
4.9%
0.5%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1993


0.0%
3.6%
19.7%
51.2%
19.6%
4.7%
0.6%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1994


0.0%
2.1%
20.8%
52.1%
19.7%
4.4%
0.2%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
Car
1995


0.0%
1.4%
17.5%
56.2%
17.1%
7.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%














RealWorldHwy
Car
1996


0.0%
1.0%
15.7%
61.5%
16.8%
4.3%
0.3%
0.3%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1997


0.0%
0.6%
17.8%
56.3%
20.9%
4.1%
0.2%
0.2%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1998


0.0%
1.6%
15.4%
58.5%
21.1%
2.9%
0.1%
0.3%















RealWorldHwy
Car
1999


0.0%
1.7%
16.0%
63.8%
17.0%
1.2%
0.1%
0.1%















RealWorldHwy
Car
2000


0.0%
3.2%
15.0%
66.4%
13.5%
1.6%
0.1%
0.1%


0.1%












RealWorldHwy
Car
2001


0.0%
2.7%
20.9%
57.1%
14.4%
4.4%
0.4%

0.0%

0.0%












RealWorldHwy
Car
2002


0.0%
2.3%
19.5%
60.5%
13.5%
3.6%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%












RealWorldHwy
Car
2003


0.0%
1.6%
22.1%
58.5%
15.9%
1.0%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%












RealWorldHwy
Car
2004


0.0%
1.0%
25.1%
50.9%
20.6%
1.3%
0.4%
0.6%

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
Car
2005


0.0%
0.8%
24.8%
45.6%
26.4%
0.6%
0.3%
1.4%

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
Car
2006


0.0%
1.2%
25.8%
47.1%
20.9%
3.7%

1.4%

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
Car
2007


0.0%
0.7%
23.3%
37.7%
31.4%
4.7%

2.1%















RealWorldHwy
Car
2008


0.0%
0.8%
20.5%
43.3%
28.9%
3.7%
0.3%
2.5%















RealWorldHwy
Car
2009


0.0%
0.9%
12.8%
35.6%
44.0%
4.7%
0.4%
1.6%















RealWorldHwy
Car
2010


0.0%
0.4%
14.1%
30.7%
44.1%
5.6%
1.5%
3.7%


0.0%












RealWorldHwy
Car
2011



0.3%
10.2%
39.3%
41.5%
5.5%
1.0%
1.9%
0.1%

0.0%


0.0%


0.1%
0.0%





RealWorldHwy
Car
2012


0.0%
0.2%
7.0%
28.5%
41.5%
19.0%
1.3%
2.0%
0.2%

0.2%
0.0%
0.0%



0.2%
0.0%





RealWorldHwy
Car
2013


0.0%
0.2%
5.1%
24.1%
39.9%
26.8%
1.0%
2.0%
0.1%

0.0%

0.0%



0.4%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-9	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldComb
Truck
2016















RealWorldComb
Truck
2017















RealWorldComb
Truck
2018















RealWorldHwy
Car
1975















RealWorldHwy
Car
1976















RealWorldHwy
Car
1977















RealWorldHwy
Car
1978















RealWorldHwy
Car
1979















RealWorldHwy
Car
1980















RealWorldHwy
Car
1981















RealWorldHwy
Car
1982















RealWorldHwy
Car
1983















RealWorldHwy
Car
1984















RealWorldHwy
Car
1985















RealWorldHwy
Car
1986















RealWorldHwy
Car
1987















RealWorldHwy
Car
1988















RealWorldHwy
Car
1989















RealWorldHwy
Car
1990















RealWorldHwy
Car
1991















RealWorldHwy
Car
1992















RealWorldHwy
Car
1993















RealWorldHwy
Car
1994















RealWorldHwy
Car
1995















RealWorldHwy
Car
1996















RealWorldHwy
Car
1997















RealWorldHwy
Car
1998















RealWorldHwy
Car
1999















RealWorldHwy
Car
2000















RealWorldHwy
Car
2001















RealWorldHwy
Car
2002















RealWorldHwy
Car
2003















RealWorldHwy
Car
2004















RealWorldHwy
Car
2005















RealWorldHwy
Car
2006















RealWorldHwy
Car
2007















RealWorldHwy
Car
2008















RealWorldHwy
Car
2009















RealWorldHwy
Car
2010















RealWorldHwy
Car
2011















RealWorldHwy
Car
2012















RealWorldHwy
Car
2013















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-10
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125






































RealWorldHwy
Car
2015



0.1%
5.4%
17.9%
34.4%
37.7%
1.6%
1.9%
0.2%


0.1%


0.0%

0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%


RealWorldHwy
Car
2016


0.0%
0.0%
4.2%
18.8%
35.9%
36.3%
2.1%
1.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%


0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%


RealWorldHwy
Car
2017


0.0%
0.1%
3.1%
20.1%
34.8%
30.6%
7.0%
0.9%
1.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldHwy
Car
2018


0.0%
0.1%
2.2%
20.6%
30.0%
35.6%
3.4%
1.6%
1.9%
0.4%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.6%
0.8%
1.8%





0.0%
RealWorldHwy
Truck
1975

20.2%
54.7%
14.9%
10.2%




















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1976

6.2%
66.0%
19.3%
6.7%
1.9%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1977

2.4%
58.7%
25.1%
8.1%
4.8%
0.9%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1978

1.0%
65.5%
21.6%
8.3%
3.7%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1979

10.8%
56.3%
21.1%
CO
3.5%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1980

0.1%
29.0%
41.1%
23.3%
5.8%

0.5%
0.1%
















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1981


12.0%
51.6%
21.0%
11.1%
3.0%
1.3%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1982


12.9%
42.4%
24.3%
16.7%
3.1%
0.6%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1983


10.1%
38.0%
28.6%
19.3%
3.1%
0.9%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1984

0.0%
12.0%
39.7%
31.7%
14.7%
1.5%
0.3%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1985

0.0%
11.7%
31.7%
40.0%
14.7%
1.8%
0.1%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1986


5.7%
33.3%
40.0%
18.6%
2.2%
0.1%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1987


8.2%
24.1%
46.4%
19.4%
1.8%
0.0%

















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1988


7.5%
35.4%
42.2%
14.9%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1989


5.0%
39.9%
41.7%
13.4%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1990


3.4%
42.6%
44.3%
9.7%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1991


2.4%
40.1%
45.2%
12.2%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1992


1.9%
43.6%
45.1%
9.4%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1993


1.0%
44.4%
45.2%
9.5%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1994


0.9%
50.7%
38.4%
10.1%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1995


2.4%
52.9%
38.4%
6.3%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1996


2.2%
48.2%
40.5%
9.1%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1997


0.6%
58.9%
35.6%
4.8%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1998


0.0%
55.0%
37.4%
7.6%
0.0%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1999


0.2%
65.7%
29.7%
4.3%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2000


0.1%
64.9%
32.3%
2.7%
0.0%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2001


2.2%
65.5%
28.4%
3.9%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2002


1.4%
70.7%
23.4%
4.5%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2003


2.3%
63.5%
31.8%
2.4%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2004


0.3%
64.8%
33.4%
1.5%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2005


0.3%
53.8%
43.4%
2.6%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2006


0.2%
55.1%
39.7%
4.9%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2007


0.1%
55.9%
38.5%
5.5%



















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2008


0.1%
46.4%
43.2%
10.1%
0.1%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2009


0.0%
34.0%
49.1%
16.7%
0.2%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2010


0.0%
27.7%
53.1%
19.1%
0.1%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2011

0.0%
0.2%
19.7%
59.6%
20.5%
0.0%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2012

0.0%
0.0%
20.3%
58.1%
21.5%
0.0%


















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-ll	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldHwy
Car
2015















RealWorldHwy
Car
2016















RealWorldHwy
Car
2017















RealWorldHwy
Car
2018















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1975















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1976















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1977















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1978















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1979















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1980















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1981















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1982















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1983















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1984















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1985















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1986















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1987















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1988















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1989















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1990















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1991















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1992















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1993















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1994















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1995















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1996















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1997















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1998















RealWorldHwy
Truck
1999















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2000















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2001















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2002















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2003















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2004















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2005















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2006















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2007















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2008















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2009















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2010















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2011















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2012















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-12
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























RealWorldHwy
Truck
2014

0.0%
0.1%
13.9%
52.9%
28.6%
4.6%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2015


0.0%
6.2%
56.2%
25.9%
11.6%


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2016


0.1%
5.7%
51.0%
30.4%
12.8%
0.0%
0.1%
















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2017


0.1%
8.3%
41.9%
37.7%
11.9%
0.0%
0.1%

0.0%














RealWorldHwy
Truck
2018


0.0%
6.5%
42.8%
36.9%
13.4%
0.2%
0.2%
















2Cycle5545
Car
1975

0.0%
47.9%
29.0%
14.3%
6.4%
2.4%


















2Cycle5545
Car
1976


26.4%
46.9%
12.3%
10.6%
3.2%
0.7%

















2Cycle5545
Car
1977

0.0%
15.8%
56.8%
10.8%
8.6%
5.6%
1.0%
1.3%
















2Cycle5545
Car
1978

0.0%
5.7%
50.2%
23.8%
10.7%
5.6%
3.4%
0.5%
















2Cycle5545
Car
1979

0.0%
3.5%
47.6%
27.2%
14.0%
6.3%
1.0%
0.3%
0.1%















2Cycle5545
Car
1980

0.0%
0.0%
19.7%
39.1%
25.4%
11.8%
2.0%
1.7%
0.2%















2Cycle5545
Car
1981
0.0%

0.0%
10.3%
38.0%
26.7%
16.9%
5.3%
1.7%
1.0%















2Cycle5545
Car
1982

0.0%
0.0%
13.1%
27.4%
29.3%
20.8%
6.6%
1.7%
0.8%
0.3%














2Cycle5545
Car
1983

0.0%
0.0%
11.6%
34.7%
18.8%
22.0%
9.9%
2.2%
0.6%
0.1%














2Cycle5545
Car
1984

0.0%
0.0%
7.9%
33.7%
24.6%
23.5%
6.7%
2.7%
0.6%
0.2%
0.1%













2Cycle5545
Car
1985

0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
43.0%
15.1%
30.9%
7.8%
1.2%
0.9%
0.0%
0.4%













2Cycle5545
Car
1986

0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
28.0%
34.8%
24.2%
CO
1.8%
1.5%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%











2Cycle5545
Car
1987

0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
25.0%
31.2%
32.0%
00
00
2?
0.9%
0.9%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
1988

0.0%
0.0%
0.5%
19.3%
35.6%
32.6%
7.9%
2.0%
1.6%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
1989

0.0%
0.0%
0.5%
20.6%
41.0%
28.2%
7.1%
1.1%
1.1%

0.3%
0.1%












2Cycle5545
Car
1990


0.0%
0.5%
17.2%
50.7%
23.4%
6.5%
1.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.3%

0.0%











2Cycle5545
Car
1991


0.0%
0.5%
21.2%
44.2%
23.7%
7.5%
2.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.6%

0.0%











2Cycle5545
Car
1992


0.0%
0.8%
27.6%
41.5%
20.7%
6.7%
1.7%
0.3%
0.6%
0.1%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
1993


0.0%
3.4%
17.4%
46.7%
22.9%
7.1%
1.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
1994


0.0%
0.3%
24.4%
43.8%
22.7%
6.5%
1.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.5%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
1995


0.0%
1.0%
17.5%
47.8%
21.6%
9.8%
1.5%
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%













2Cycle5545
Car
1996


0.0%
0.4%
17.5%
48.4%
22.4%
9.4%
1.3%
0.3%
0.3%














2Cycle5545
Car
1997


0.0%
0.5%
17.4%
46.0%
24.3%
10.2%
1.2%
0.2%
0.2%














2Cycle5545
Car
1998


0.0%
0.1%
15.9%
49.7%
22.1%
11.4%
0.4%
0.1%
0.3%














2Cycle5545
Car
1999


0.0%
0.1%
16.8%
54.7%
18.2%
9.7%
0.2%
0.0%
0.2%














2Cycle5545
Car
2000


0.0%
0.8%
17.4%
53.9%
19.6%
7.6%
0.4%
0.0%
0.2%




0.1%









2Cycle5545
Car
2001


0.0%
0.2%
17.1%
50.7%
21.9%
8.1%
1.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%

0.0%

0.0%









2Cycle5545
Car
2002


0.0%
0.2%
15.1%
50.9%
24.9%
7.3%
1.2%
0.0%
0.2%
0.3%

0.0%

0.0%









2Cycle5545
Car
2003


0.0%
0.2%
15.2%
46.8%
26.2%
9.4%
1.4%
0.0%
0.2%
0.5%

0.0%

0.0%









2Cycle5545
Car
2004


0.0%
0.3%
16.4%
46.1%
25.4%
9.9%
0.9%
0.1%

0.3%

0.6%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
Car
2005


0.0%
0.3%
16.9%
41.4%
26.8%
11.5%
1.1%
0.1%

0.3%

1.4%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
Car
2006


0.0%
0.6%
16.4%
42.1%
26.4%
11.9%
1.3%
0.0%

0.4%

1.0%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
Car
2007


0.0%
0.5%
14.9%
37.2%
27.2%
14.7%
2.5%
0.8%

0.4%

1.8%











2Cycle5545
Car
2008


0.0%
0.5%
12.3%
41.0%
25.2%
15.5%
2.4%
0.7%

0.4%

2.1%











2Cycle5545
Car
2009


0.0%
0.4%
6.3%
31.2%
34.8%
16.6%
7.7%
1.3%

0.3%

1.3%











2Cycle5545
Car
2010


0.0%
0.4%
5.4%
26.0%
31.4%
28.0%
2.6%
1.4%
0.5%
0.7%


3.6%


0.0%







2Cycle5545
Car
2011


0.0%
0.2%
4.9%
28.3%
33.5%
23.9%
5.1%
0.9%
0.6%
0.4%


1.9%
0.0%

0.1%






0.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-13	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2014















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2015















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2016















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2017















RealWorldHwy
Truck
2018















2Cycle5545
Car
1975















2Cycle5545
Car
1976















2Cycle5545
Car
1977















2Cycle5545
Car
1978















2Cycle5545
Car
1979















2Cycle5545
Car
1980















2Cycle5545
Car
1981















2Cycle5545
Car
1982















2Cycle5545
Car
1983















2Cycle5545
Car
1984















2Cycle5545
Car
1985















2Cycle5545
Car
1986















2Cycle5545
Car
1987















2Cycle5545
Car
1988















2Cycle5545
Car
1989















2Cycle5545
Car
1990















2Cycle5545
Car
1991















2Cycle5545
Car
1992















2Cycle5545
Car
1993















2Cycle5545
Car
1994















2Cycle5545
Car
1995















2Cycle5545
Car
1996















2Cycle5545
Car
1997















2Cycle5545
Car
1998















2Cycle5545
Car
1999















2Cycle5545
Car
2000















2Cycle5545
Car
2001















2Cycle5545
Car
2002















2Cycle5545
Car
2003















2Cycle5545
Car
2004















2Cycle5545
Car
2005















2Cycle5545
Car
2006















2Cycle5545
Car
2007















2Cycle5545
Car
2008















2Cycle5545
Car
2009















2Cycle5545
Car
2010















2Cycle5545
Car
2011



0.1%
0.0%










iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-14
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125






































2Cycle5545
Car
2013


0.0%
0.2%
2.9%
15.4%
28.8%
20.5%
24.0%
2.3%
0.7%
1.8%
0.1%

2.3%

0.1%
0.0%
0.3%


0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

2Cycle5545
Car
2014


0.0%
0.2%
2.9%
15.9%
27.2%
21.5%
21.7%
5.2%
1.0%
1.5%
0.1%
0.1%
1.8%

0.1%
0.0%
0.3%


0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
Car
2015


0.0%
0.2%
3.0%
12.0%
25.1%
24.3%
25.3%
4.5%
1.3%
0.9%
0.1%
0.2%
2.2%

0.1%

0.1%



0.0%
0.0%

2Cycle5545
Car
2016



0.1%
2.7%
9.6%
23.8%
26.4%
24.3%
8.6%
0.8%
1.1%
0.1%
0.0%
1.1%

0.1%

0.2%
0.0%


0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
Car
2017



0.1%
2.2%
8.3%
25.7%
23.0%
25.8%
8.4%
0.6%
1.0%
0.8%
0.6%
1.0%
0.0%
0.1%


0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
Car
2018


0.0%
0.1%
2.1%
8.0%
22.0%
20.0%
27.9%
10.0%
0.4%
0.5%
1.6%
0.9%
1.7%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.1%
0.8%

2Cycle5545
Truck
1975

2.5%
68.1%
18.4%
11.0%




















2Cycle5545
Truck
1976

0.1%
63.2%
24.9%
9.9%
1.9%



















2Cycle5545
Truck
1977

0.1%
53.2%
31.5%
7.2%
6.7%
1.3%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1978

0.1%
58.6%
27.5%
5.8%
7.2%
0.9%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1979

1.4%
55.1%
30.3%
9.1%
3.0%
1.1%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1980

0.0%
17.9%
46.5%
21.7%
11.8%
1.5%

0.6%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1981


7.4%
47.6%
23.3%
14.7%
3.7%
1.9%
1.3%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1982


8.3%
41.6%
26.3%
14.9%
6.3%
2.0%
0.6%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1983


6.9%
36.0%
28.1%
20.9%
6.0%
1.9%
0.2%
0.0%















2Cycle5545
Truck
1984


7.6%
34.8%
36.2%
14.6%
5.8%
0.9%
0.1%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1985


7.2%
32.6%
37.6%
17.8%
4.4%
0.3%
0.0%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1986


2.7%
32.9%
36.3%
22.8%
5.1%
0.2%
0.0%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1987


2.7%
26.5%
43.4%
22.1%
5.1%
0.0%
0.0%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
1988


2.2%
37.8%
36.9%
16.2%
6.9%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1989


3.0%
35.8%
41.8%
16.7%
2.7%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1990


3.4%
36.4%
43.2%
13.4%
3.6%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1991


1.1%
31.0%
51.9%
13.4%
2.5%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1992


1.4%
41.2%
43.5%
12.9%
1.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1993


0.2%
35.0%
49.6%
14.9%
0.3%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1994


0.1%
40.6%
45.9%
13.0%
0.4%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1995


0.3%
46.7%
38.4%
14.5%
0.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1996


1.1%
38.2%
48.4%
12.3%
0.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1997


0.0%
42.7%
47.7%
9.6%
0.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1998



35.7%
51.6%
12.7%
0.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
1999



44.0%
46.7%
9.2%
0.1%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
2000



39.3%
50.0%
10.7%
0.0%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
2001


0.1%
45.7%
45.4%
8.9%



















2Cycle5545
Truck
2002



50.5%
40.6%
8.2%
0.7%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
2003


0.0%
45.4%
41.5%
12.7%
0.4%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
2004


0.0%
45.2%
43.5%
11.1%
0.2%


















2Cycle5545
Truck
2005


0.1%
40.4%
43.8%
15.5%
0.2%
0.1%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2006


0.0%
34.2%
48.8%
15.3%
1.1%
0.5%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2007



27.5%
58.5%
12.7%
1.0%
0.3%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2008



21.5%
60.1%
14.6%
3.1%
0.7%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2009



13.5%
57.9%
23.6%
4.4%
0.6%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2010



16.7%
50.9%
21.7%
10.0%
0.8%

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-15	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200






















2Cycle5545
Car
2013




0.0%
0.0%

0.3%
0.0%
0.0%





2Cycle5545
Car
2014

0.1%


0.0%
0.0%

0.1%
0.1%

0.0%




2Cycle5545
Car
2015
0.1%
0.2%


0.0%
0.0%

0.3%
0.1%

0.0%




2Cycle5545
Car
2016
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%

0.2%
0.1%

0.0%
0.1%



2Cycle5545
Car
2017
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.3%
0.0%
0.4%



2Cycle5545
Car
2018
0.2%
0.2%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.4%
0.5%
0.3%


1.8%


2Cycle5545
Truck
1975















2Cycle5545
Truck
1976















2Cycle5545
Truck
1977















2Cycle5545
Truck
1978















2Cycle5545
Truck
1979















2Cycle5545
Truck
1980















2Cycle5545
Truck
1981















2Cycle5545
Truck
1982















2Cycle5545
Truck
1983















2Cycle5545
Truck
1984















2Cycle5545
Truck
1985















2Cycle5545
Truck
1986















2Cycle5545
Truck
1987















2Cycle5545
Truck
1988















2Cycle5545
Truck
1989















2Cycle5545
Truck
1990















2Cycle5545
Truck
1991















2Cycle5545
Truck
1992















2Cycle5545
Truck
1993















2Cycle5545
Truck
1994















2Cycle5545
Truck
1995















2Cycle5545
Truck
1996















2Cycle5545
Truck
1997















2Cycle5545
Truck
1998















2Cycle5545
Truck
1999















2Cycle5545
Truck
2000















2Cycle5545
Truck
2001















2Cycle5545
Truck
2002















2Cycle5545
Truck
2003















2Cycle5545
Truck
2004















2Cycle5545
Truck
2005















2Cycle5545
Truck
2006















2Cycle5545
Truck
2007















2Cycle5545
Truck
2008















2Cycle5545
Truck
2009















2Cycle5545
Truck
2010















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-16
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125

































2Cycle5545
Truck
2012


0.0%
10.2%
48.2%
29.6%
11.7%
0.3%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2013


0.0%
7.6%
45.1%
28.3%
17.2%
1.7%

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2014


0.0%
5.0%
40.5%
32.2%
17.5%
4.7%
0.1%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
2015



2.2%
37.4%
33.4%
14.4%
12.4%
0.1%
















2Cycle5545
Truck
2016



2.1%
34.2%
37.5%
12.6%
12.8%
0.7%
0.0%

0.1%













2Cycle5545
Truck
2017


0.0%
2.0%
31.3%
40.0%
14.1%
9.8%
2.5%
0.0%

0.1%









0.0%



2Cycle5545
Truck
2018


0.0%
1.8%
27.9%
36.7%
19.3%
10.8%
3.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%



0.2%









2CycleCity
Car
1975

7.1%
53.8%
26.6%
10.0%
2.5%



















2CycleCity
Car
1976

0.9%
47.2%
35.6%
10.7%
4.9%
0.7%


















2CycleCity
Car
1977

0.4%
38.9%
41.6%
9.5%
7.4%
1.0%
1.4%

















2CycleCity
Car
1978

0.3%
26.0%
49.0%
13.7%
6.1%
3.5%
1.3%

















2CycleCity
Car
1979

0.0%
18.6%
53.7%
15.1%
10.5%
1.7%
0.3%
0.1%
















2CycleCity
Car
1980

0.0%
5.5%
41.6%
33.8%
12.8%
4.4%
0.8%
1.1%
















2CycleCity
Car
1981
0.0%
0.0%
2.5%
37.4%
29.3%
21.7%
5.9%
2.2%
1.0%
















2CycleCity
Car
1982

0.0%
1.4%
27.6%
33.1%
25.8%
9.2%
1.8%
0.8%
0.3%















2CycleCity
Car
1983

0.0%
0.3%
34.8%
26.9%
22.4%
12.6%
2.4%
0.5%
0.1%















2CycleCity
Car
1984

0.0%
0.0%
26.7%
33.4%
28.7%
7.6%
2.5%
0.8%
0.2%
0.1%














2CycleCity
Car
1985

0.0%
0.1%
30.1%
25.1%
33.8%
8.2%
1.4%
0.8%
0.1%
0.4%














2CycleCity
Car
1986

0.0%
0.2%
19.3%
38.1%
29.5%
9.1%
1.8%
1.3%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%












2CycleCity
Car
1987

0.0%
0.1%
17.1%
35.2%
34.1%
11.1%
0.9%
0.9%
0.3%

0.2%













2CycleCity
Car
1988

0.0%
0.2%
16.4%
34.1%
34.7%
11.1%
1.4%
1.8%
0.2%

0.2%













2CycleCity
Car
1989

0.0%
0.2%
14.7%
42.6%
31.5%
8.3%
1.1%
1.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%













2CycleCity
Car
1990

0.0%
0.2%
14.0%
49.3%
26.2%
8.7%
1.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.3%
0.0%













2CycleCity
Car
1991

0.0%
0.1%
18.1%
43.4%
26.5%
9.2%
1.8%
0.2%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%













2CycleCity
Car
1992

0.0%
0.2%
21.1%
47.6%
20.7%
7.1%
2.2%
0.3%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%













2CycleCity
Car
1993

0.0%
0.1%
17.4%
46.5%
26.0%
7.4%
1.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%













2CycleCity
Car
1994


0.1%
18.1%
45.5%
27.1%
6.7%
1.5%
0.3%
0.1%
0.5%
0.1%













2CycleCity
Car
1995

0.0%
0.1%
16.4%
46.4%
25.3%
9.7%
1.2%
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%














2CycleCity
Car
1996

0.0%
0.1%
15.1%
50.0%
23.1%
9.9%
1.3%
0.3%
0.3%















2CycleCity
Car
1997


0.1%
15.0%
48.3%
24.4%
10.7%
1.3%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleCity
Car
1998


0.1%
13.6%
47.0%
27.7%
10.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.2%















2CycleCity
Car
1999

0.0%
0.0%
14.0%
53.3%
23.1%
8.8%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleCity
Car
2000

0.0%
0.1%
14.7%
52.8%
24.2%
7.6%
0.4%
0.0%
0.2%



0.1%











2CycleCity
Car
2001

0.0%
0.1%
14.6%
50.7%
24.7%
7.7%
1.9%
0.0%
0.1%

0.2%
0.0%
0.0%











2CycleCity
Car
2002


0.1%
11.5%
50.2%
28.5%
8.0%
1.2%
0.0%
0.2%

0.3%
0.0%
0.0%











2CycleCity
Car
2003

0.0%
0.1%
10.3%
48.3%
30.4%
9.0%
1.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%











2CycleCity
Car
2004


0.1%
12.8%
47.7%
28.0%
9.5%
0.8%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%

0.0%
0.6%











2CycleCity
Car
2005


0.2%
11.5%
44.1%
30.5%
11.0%
0.9%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%

0.0%
1.4%











2CycleCity
Car
2006

0.0%
0.3%
11.3%
48.1%
26.2%
11.6%
1.2%
0.0%

0.4%

0.0%
1.0%











2CycleCity
Car
2007


0.3%
8.8%
40.7%
30.6%
14.1%
2.4%
0.8%
0.1%
0.4%


1.8%











2CycleCity
Car
2008

0.0%
0.3%
7.7%
43.0%
28.0%
15.4%
2.2%
0.7%
0.3%
0.4%


2.1%











2CycleCity
Car
2009


0.2%
4.3%
29.8%
37.6%
21.3%
3.8%
1.0%
0.4%
0.3%


1.3%











* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-17	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200
2Cycle5545

















2Cycle5545
Truck
2012















2Cycle5545
Truck
2013















2Cycle5545
Truck
2014















2Cycle5545
Truck
2015















2Cycle5545
Truck
2016















2Cycle5545
Truck
2017















2Cycle5545
Truck
2018















2CycleCity
Car
1975















2CycleCity
Car
1976















2CycleCity
Car
1977















2CycleCity
Car
1978















2CycleCity
Car
1979















2CycleCity
Car
1980















2CycleCity
Car
1981















2CycleCity
Car
1982















2CycleCity
Car
1983















2CycleCity
Car
1984















2CycleCity
Car
1985















2CycleCity
Car
1986















2CycleCity
Car
1987















2CycleCity
Car
1988















2CycleCity
Car
1989















2CycleCity
Car
1990















2CycleCity
Car
1991















2CycleCity
Car
1992















2CycleCity
Car
1993















2CycleCity
Car
1994















2CycleCity
Car
1995















2CycleCity
Car
1996















2CycleCity
Car
1997















2CycleCity
Car
1998















2CycleCity
Car
1999















2CycleCity
Car
2000















2CycleCity
Car
2001















2CycleCity
Car
2002















2CycleCity
Car
2003















2CycleCity
Car
2004















2CycleCity
Car
2005















2CycleCity
Car
2006















2CycleCity
Car
2007















2CycleCity
Car
2008















2CycleCity
Car
2009















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-18
March 2019

-------
JLCR
vcn
m	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
oi»c3
-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200
2CycleCity
Car
2010















2CycleCity
Car
2011

0.0%



0.1%









2CycleCity
Car
2012





0.1%
0.0%




0.0%



2CycleCity
Car
2013






0.0%


0.0%

0.3%
0.0%

0.0%
2CycleCity
Car
2014






0.0%


0.1%

0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
2CycleCity
Car
2015
0.1%
0.1%




0.0%


0.2%
0.0%
0.4%


0.0%
2CycleCity
Car
2016
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%

0.0%

0.0%


0.1%
0.2%
0.1%


0.0%
2CycleCity
Car
2017
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%

0.1%

0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.0%


2CycleCity
Car
2018
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.2%

0.1%

0.0%
0.5%
0.5%
0.3%

1.8%

2CycleCity
Truck
1975















2CycleCity
Truck
1976















2CycleCity
Truck
1977















2CycleCity
Truck
1978















2CycleCity
Truck
1979















2CycleCity
Truck
1980















2CycleCity
Truck
1981















2CycleCity
Truck
1982















2CycleCity
Truck
1983















2CycleCity
Truck
1984















2CycleCity
Truck
1985















2CycleCity
Truck
1986















2CycleCity
Truck
1987















2CycleCity
Truck
1988















2CycleCity
Truck
1989















2CycleCity
Truck
1990















2CycleCity
Truck
1991















2CycleCity
Truck
1992















2CycleCity
Truck
1993















2CycleCity
Truck
1994















2CycleCity
Truck
1995















2CycleCity
Truck
1996















2CycleCity
Truck
1997















2CycleCity
Truck
1998















2CycleCity
Truck
1999















2CycleCity
Truck
2000















2CycleCity
Truck
2001















2CycleCity
Truck
2002















2CycleCity
Truck
2003















2CycleCity
Truck
2004















2CycleCity
Truck
2005















2CycleCity
Truck
2006















2CycleCity
Truck
2007















2CycleCity
Truck
2008















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-20
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























2CycleCity
Truck
2010


0.7%
56.6%
27.1%
14.8%

0.6%
0.1%
















2CycleCity
Truck
2011

0.0%
1.1%
48.9%
34.2%
15.3%
0.2%
0.3%

















2CycleCity
Truck
2012


0.9%
42.8%
41.3%
14.7%

0.3%

















2CycleCity
Truck
2013


0.9%
38.5%
39.7%
17.1%
3.5%
0.4%

















2CycleCity
Truck
2014


0.5%
32.2%
44.3%
15.4%
7.4%
0.3%

















2CycleCity
Truck
2015


0.2%
27.2%
44.4%
14.4%
13.5%
0.3%
0.0%
















2CycleCity
Truck
2016


0.0%
25.8%
43.8%
14.8%
14.6%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.1%














2CycleCity
Truck
2017


0.1%
25.4%
46.3%
14.5%
10.9%
1.7%
0.4%
0.7%
0.1%














2CycleCity
Truck
2018


0.1%
16.3%
47.8%
21.3%
10.8%
2.0%
0.7%
0.7%
0.1%


0.0%





0.2%





2CycleHwy
Car
1975


9.1%
53.2%
15.2%
10.5%
7.5%
2.5%
2.0%
















2CycleHwy
Car
1976


0.8%
40.9%
34.9%
6.4%
10.7%
3.8%
2.5%
















2CycleHwy
Car
1977


0.1%
31.9%
41.8%
9.3%
5.9%
5.3%
3.6%
1.3%
0.6%














2CycleHwy
Car
1978


0.2%
14.1%
45.0%
19.0%
10.2%
5.4%
4.1%
1.8%
0.3%














2CycleHwy
Car
1979


0.1%
12.3%
46.0%
17.6%
12.2%
8.1%
2.9%
0.6%
0.1%














2CycleHwy
Car
1980


0.0%
1.0%
17.9%
33.7%
27.2%
12.0%
6.3%
0.7%
1.0%
0.2%













2CycleHwy
Car
1981


0.0%
0.0%
11.0%
33.3%
25.6%
15.6%
9.9%
2.7%
0.5%
1.3%













2CycleHwy
Car
1982


0.0%
0.0%
6.8%
25.6%
22.1%
28.8%
9.6%
4.7%
1.5%
0.9%













2CycleHwy
Car
1983


0.0%
0.0%
5.3%
36.2%
18.8%
18.5%
13.1%
5.5%
2.0%
0.4%
0.1%












2CycleHwy
Car
1984


0.0%
0.1%
2.4%
29.1%
25.7%
23.5%
12.7%
3.3%
2.0%
1.0%
0.2%
0.2%











2CycleHwy
Car
1985


0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
20.7%
32.7%
22.4%
14.8%
5.7%
1.7%
0.8%
0.0%
0.4%











2CycleHwy
Car
1986


0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
13.2%
28.3%
37.7%
13.0%
3.3%
2.7%
0.2%
0.3%

0.1%
0.2%









2CycleHwy
Car
1987


0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
10.5%
32.4%
35.4%
14.0%
5.2%
1.1%
0.2%
0.3%

0.2%










2CycleHwy
Car
1988


0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
8.4%
26.1%
41.8%
15.5%
4.6%
2.5%

0.2%
0.0%
0.2%










2CycleHwy
Car
1989


0.0%
0.0%
0.6%
5.1%
30.4%
44.0%
12.9%
4.8%
1.7%
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
Car
1990


0.0%
0.0%
0.5%
7.9%
30.5%
45.3%
10.4%
4.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%










2CycleHwy
Car
1991


0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
5.0%
34.2%
37.1%
15.7%
5.5%
0.9%
0.2%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%










2CycleHwy
Car
1992


0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
4.4%
35.8%
39.8%
10.5%
6.0%
1.6%
0.3%
0.5%
0.0%
0.2%










2CycleHwy
Car
1993


0.0%
0.0%
1.5%
6.0%
27.9%
40.0%
16.2%
5.9%
1.6%
0.2%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
Car
1994



0.0%
0.8%
4.3%
28.7%
41.7%
13.5%
8.5%
1.5%
0.2%
0.5%

0.1%










2CycleHwy
Car
1995


0.0%
0.0%
0.6%
2.4%
21.3%
50.5%
14.8%
8.2%
1.5%
0.3%
0.3%

0.0%










2CycleHwy
Car
1996



0.0%
0.4%
3.0%
29.1%
45.2%
12.1%
7.7%
2.0%
0.1%
0.3%












2CycleHwy
Car
1997



0.0%
0.4%
2.6%
26.3%
43.8%
19.0%
6.3%
1.1%
0.2%
0.2%












2CycleHwy
Car
1998



0.0%
0.1%
5.3%
16.1%
50.8%
17.3%
9.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.3%












2CycleHwy
Car
1999



0.0%
0.0%
5.1%
17.6%
56.4%
14.1%
5.9%
0.6%
0.0%
0.2%












2CycleHwy
Car
2000



0.0%
0.7%
5.9%
17.9%
55.0%
15.7%
4.0%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%




0.1%







2CycleHwy
Car
2001



0.0%
0.6%
6.0%
27.3%
40.3%
16.0%
6.6%
2.8%
0.3%
0.1%

0.0%


0.0%







2CycleHwy
Car
2002



0.0%
0.6%
4.1%
22.6%
43.9%
19.4%
6.7%
2.0%
0.5%
0.2%

0.0%


0.0%







2CycleHwy
Car
2003



0.0%
0.1%
3.9%
23.1%
38.2%
25.3%
7.8%
0.7%
0.3%
0.6%

0.0%


0.0%







2CycleHwy
Car
2004



0.0%
0.1%
5.1%
22.5%
39.5%
23.3%
8.0%
0.4%
0.2%
0.9%

0.0%

0.0%








2CycleHwy
Car
2005



0.0%
0.1%
3.2%
23.1%
33.0%
29.7%
8.5%
0.5%
0.2%
1.7%

0.0%

0.0%








2CycleHwy
Car
2006



0.0%
0.3%
3.1%
23.9%
37.3%
24.4%
5.9%
3.6%
0.0%
1.4%

0.0%

0.0%








2CycleHwy
Car
2007



0.0%
0.2%
2.4%
21.6%
32.8%
26.6%
10.9%
3.3%

2.1%












* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-21	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















2CycleCity
Truck
2010















2CycleCity
Truck
2011















2CycleCity
Truck
2012















2CycleCity
Truck
2013















2CycleCity
Truck
2014















2CycleCity
Truck
2015















2CycleCity
Truck
2016















2CycleCity
Truck
2017







0.0%







2CycleCity
Truck
2018















2CycleHwy
Car
1975















2CycleHwy
Car
1976















2CycleHwy
Car
1977















2CycleHwy
Car
1978















2CycleHwy
Car
1979















2CycleHwy
Car
1980















2CycleHwy
Car
1981















2CycleHwy
Car
1982















2CycleHwy
Car
1983















2CycleHwy
Car
1984















2CycleHwy
Car
1985















2CycleHwy
Car
1986















2CycleHwy
Car
1987















2CycleHwy
Car
1988















2CycleHwy
Car
1989















2CycleHwy
Car
1990















2CycleHwy
Car
1991















2CycleHwy
Car
1992















2CycleHwy
Car
1993















2CycleHwy
Car
1994















2CycleHwy
Car
1995















2CycleHwy
Car
1996















2CycleHwy
Car
1997















2CycleHwy
Car
1998















2CycleHwy
Car
1999















2CycleHwy
Car
2000















2CycleHwy
Car
2001















2CycleHwy
Car
2002















2CycleHwy
Car
2003















2CycleHwy
Car
2004















2CycleHwy
Car
2005















2CycleHwy
Car
2006















2CycleHwy
Car
2007















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-22
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























2CycleHwy
Car
2009



0.0%
0.1%
1.8%
12.0%
25.9%
33.0%
20.8%
4.0%
0.8%
1.6%












2CycleHwy
Car
2010



0.0%
0.1%
0.7%
14.3%
20.5%
24.0%
29.8%
5.4%
0.9%
0.7%
3.6%



0.0%







2CycleHwy
Car
2011




0.1%
0.7%
9.9%
25.1%
21.0%
31.3%
6.8%
2.6%
0.4%
1.9%

0.1%

0.0%




0.0%


2CycleHwy
Car
2012



0.0%
0.1%
0.5%
6.5%
16.5%
20.5%
31.1%
13.5%
2?
CO
0.3%
2.1%
0.2%
0.2%


0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%


2CycleHwy
Car
2013



0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
4.3%
13.7%
23.4%
24.6%
16.9%
13.3%
0.3%
2.3%
0.1%
0.3%


0.0%


0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
2CycleHwy
Car
2014



0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
4.3%
12.5%
23.2%
21.6%
24.7%
9.9%
0.7%
1.8%
0.1%
0.3%

0.0%
0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
2CycleHwy
Car
2015




0.0%
0.3%
4.9%
9.6%
18.7%
21.8%
28.7%
11.6%
1.0%
2.3%
0.1%
0.1%




0.1%

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2CycleHwy
Car
2016




0.0%
0.5%
3.2%
9.0%
19.6%
23.7%
26.9%
12.7%
1.8%
0.3%
0.9%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%

0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
2CycleHwy
Car
2017




0.0%
0.4%
2.9%
8.9%
20.9%
24.3%
22.4%
13.4%
2.8%
0.6%
0.9%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%

0.1%
0.4%
0.1%

0.0%
0.1%
2CycleHwy
Car
2018



0.0%
0.0%
0.4%
1.7%
00
00
2?
20.3%
18.9%
21.4%
17.1%
4.0%
0.6%
1.8%
0.3%
0.0%

0.8%
0.0%
0.1%



0.1%
2CycleHwy
Truck
1975

0.0%
38.8%
38.9%
12.1%
7.7%
2.5%


















2CycleHwy
Truck
1976


32.8%
42.7%
15.9%
3.9%
4.7%


















2CycleHwy
Truck
1977


18.5%
45.6%
22.0%
5.0%
7.7%
1.3%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1978


31.4%
37.1%
19.0%
5.3%
6.3%
0.9%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1979

0.6%
33.4%
37.0%
16.9%
7.7%
2.3%
1.9%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1980


3.2%
31.8%
33.5%
14.4%
12.8%
3.8%

0.5%
0.1%














2CycleHwy
Truck
1981


0.5%
14.5%
48.1%
16.2%
11.6%
5.8%
1.9%
0.7%
0.7%














2CycleHwy
Truck
1982


2.2%
14.0%
38.0%
18.4%
18.5%
6.7%
1.6%
0.6%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1983


0.8%
13.2%
34.0%
21.4%
20.5%
7.8%
1.5%
0.8%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1984


0.9%
12.6%
33.5%
27.1%
15.0%
9.9%
0.6%
0.3%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1985


0.3%
21.1%
21.0%
30.3%
22.0%
3.8%
1.3%
0.1%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1986


0.2%
12.6%
23.6%
35.2%
21.2%
7.1%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1987


0.1%
9.3%
21.4%
39.1%
23.0%
7.0%
0.0%
0.0%















2CycleHwy
Truck
1988


0.1%
7.6%
31.5%
33.2%
19.1%
8.5%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1989


0.4%
5.4%
33.6%
39.1%
17.3%
4.3%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1990


0.5%
5.0%
36.2%
38.2%
15.6%
4.5%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1991


0.1%
3.4%
28.4%
47.6%
17.8%
2.7%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1992


0.1%
2.0%
38.2%
37.2%
18.2%
4.3%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1993


0.1%
0.9%
31.0%
44.8%
19.9%
3.4%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1994



2.9%
36.9%
41.3%
16.9%
2.0%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1995



2.8%
43.1%
27.1%
21.7%
5.2%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1996



2.3%
38.0%
30.6%
26.3%
2.7%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1997



0.6%
40.6%
37.9%
16.6%
4.3%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
1998




33.9%
35.5%
28.3%
2.3%
0.0%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
1999



0.2%
41.5%
35.7%
21.2%
1.3%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2000



0.1%
38.3%
37.3%
23.7%
0.6%
0.0%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2001



0.1%
46.3%
30.4%
22.4%
0.7%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2002



0.9%
47.2%
33.1%
18.1%
0.7%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2003



0.0%
38.4%
36.3%
24.4%
0.8%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2004



0.1%
43.5%
35.2%
20.8%
0.4%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2005



0.1%
33.7%
38.2%
25.4%
2.6%

















2CycleHwy
Truck
2006



0.0%
30.0%
40.8%
24.3%
4.9%

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-23	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200
2CycleHwy

















2CycleHwy
Car
2009















2CycleHwy
Car
2010















2CycleHwy
Car
2011

0.1%
0.0%












2CycleHwy
Car
2012

0.1%

0.0%











2CycleHwy
Car
2013

0.0%

0.0%
0.3%
0.0%









2CycleHwy
Car
2014
0.0%
0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%








2CycleHwy
Car
2015

0.1%

0.5%

0.1%
0.1%








2CycleHwy
Car
2016
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%








2CycleHwy
Car
2017
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%


0.0%

0.0%



2CycleHwy
Car
2018
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%



1.8%
0.0%



2CycleHwy
Truck
1975















2CycleHwy
Truck
1976















2CycleHwy
Truck
1977















2CycleHwy
Truck
1978















2CycleHwy
Truck
1979















2CycleHwy
Truck
1980















2CycleHwy
Truck
1981















2CycleHwy
Truck
1982















2CycleHwy
Truck
1983















2CycleHwy
Truck
1984















2CycleHwy
Truck
1985















2CycleHwy
Truck
1986















2CycleHwy
Truck
1987















2CycleHwy
Truck
1988















2CycleHwy
Truck
1989















2CycleHwy
Truck
1990















2CycleHwy
Truck
1991















2CycleHwy
Truck
1992















2CycleHwy
Truck
1993















2CycleHwy
Truck
1994















2CycleHwy
Truck
1995















2CycleHwy
Truck
1996















2CycleHwy
Truck
1997















2CycleHwy
Truck
1998















2CycleHwy
Truck
1999















2CycleHwy
Truck
2000















2CycleHwy
Truck
2001















2CycleHwy
Truck
2002















2CycleHwy
Truck
2003















2CycleHwy
Truck
2004















2CycleHwy
Truck
2005















2CycleHwy
Truck
2006















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-24
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























2CycleHwy
Truck
2008



0.1%
15.4%
45.9%
28.8%
9.7%
0.1%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2009



0.0%
9.0%
39.1%
36.0%
15.7%
0.2%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2010



0.0%
11.0%
37.0%
35.2%
15.3%
1.5%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2011

0.0%

0.2%
6.4%
36.8%
35.9%
18.2%
2.4%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2012


0.0%
0.0%
5.9%
36.2%
28.8%
23.7%
5.6%
















2CycleHwy
Truck
2013


0.0%
0.0%
4.8%
33.4%
32.8%
15.8%
12.4%
0.9%















2CycleHwy
Truck
2014


0.0%
0.0%
4.0%
23.0%
33.5%
23.8%
14.4%
1.4%















2CycleHwy
Truck
2015




1.7%
17.0%
39.8%
21.8%
13.2%
6.5%















2CycleHwy
Truck
2016



0.0%
1.6%
16.8%
37.6%
22.8%
16.9%
4.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%












2CycleHwy
Truck
2017



0.0%
1.8%
15.5%
34.8%
27.5%
10.2%
10.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%

0.0%










2CycleHwy
Truck
2018



0.0%
1.8%
10.8%
33.8%
28.1%
16.2%
00
00
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%












RealWorldCity
All
1975

22.3%
52.3%
19.0%
6.3%
0.2%



















RealWorldCity
All
1976

6.8%
61.1%
21.1%
9.0%
2.0%



















RealWorldCity
All
1977

4.9%
62.0%
19.6%
7.5%
4.5%
1.0%
0.4%

















RealWorldCity
All
1978

2.3%
50.9%
29.4%
10.3%
5.6%
1.2%
0.3%

















RealWorldCity
All
1979

4.1%
47.8%
31.6%
13.2%
2.8%
0.3%
0.3%

















RealWorldCity
All
1980

0.1%
22.2%
42.7%
26.2%
6.8%
1.0%
1.0%

















RealWorldCity
All
1981
0.0%
0.0%
15.8%
42.8%
26.9%
10.4%
3.3%
0.8%

















RealWorldCity
All
1982

0.1%
13.7%
37.6%
33.4%
10.9%
2.8%
1.2%
0.2%
















RealWorldCity
All
1983

0.0%
18.5%
37.6%
23.7%
14.6%
4.7%
0.7%
0.1%
















RealWorldCity
All
1984

0.2%
15.2%
39.1%
28.8%
11.8%
4.0%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
All
1985

0.0%
9.2%
46.1%
28.9%
11.0%
3.9%
0.6%
0.0%
0.3%















RealWorldCity
All
1986

0.1%
9.1%
42.5%
32.9%
11.5%
2.4%
0.9%
0.4%
0.0%
0.2%














RealWorldCity
All
1987

0.0%
7.4%
42.8%
32.1%
15.3%
1.3%
0.7%
0.2%

0.1%














RealWorldCity
All
1988

0.0%
10.4%
41.2%
32.4%
12.9%
1.5%
1.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%














RealWorldCity
All
1989

0.0%
10.9%
46.9%
29.2%
11.0%
0.9%
0.8%
0.1%
0.2%















RealWorldCity
All
1990

0.1%
11.1%
48.0%
30.6%
00
o
1.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
1991

0.0%
11.2%
49.8%
29.8%
7.1%
1.5%
0.1%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
1992

0.0%
16.4%
51.4%
24.5%
5.3%
1.5%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
All
1993

0.0%
16.4%
48.2%
27.1%
6.6%
1.1%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
All
1994

0.0%
18.6%
48.9%
26.4%
4.7%
0.9%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%















RealWorldCity
All
1995

0.0%
18.9%
49.8%
23.8%
6.2%
1.0%
0.2%
0.2%
















RealWorldCity
All
1996

0.0%
18.7%
51.2%
22.7%
6.3%
0.7%
0.1%
0.2%
















RealWorldCity
All
1997

0.0%
22.2%
46.6%
25.2%
5.1%
0.7%
0.1%

















RealWorldCity
All
1998

0.0%
21.1%
49.3%
22.9%
6.4%
0.2%
0.2%

















RealWorldCity
All
1999

0.0%
25.9%
49.8%
19.5%
4.6%
0.0%
0.1%

















RealWorldCity
All
2000

0.0%
26.3%
50.5%
20.0%
2.9%
0.2%
0.1%


0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
2001

0.0%
28.2%
50.0%
16.6%
4.8%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
2002

0.0%
31.0%
47.2%
17.7%
3.9%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
2003

0.0%
29.4%
47.7%
18.0%
4.4%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.0%















RealWorldCity
All
2004

0.0%
35.6%
43.8%
16.1%
3.9%
0.1%
0.1%

0.3%















RealWorldCity
All
2005

0.0%
28.8%
47.5%
17.5%
5.0%
0.1%
0.2%

0.8%















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-25	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















2CycleHwy
Truck
2008















2CycleHwy
Truck
2009















2CycleHwy
Truck
2010















2CycleHwy
Truck
2011















2CycleHwy
Truck
2012















2CycleHwy
Truck
2013















2CycleHwy
Truck
2014















2CycleHwy
Truck
2015















2CycleHwy
Truck
2016















2CycleHwy
Truck
2017















2CycleHwy
Truck
2018















RealWorldCity
All
1975















RealWorldCity
All
1976















RealWorldCity
All
1977















RealWorldCity
All
1978















RealWorldCity
All
1979















RealWorldCity
All
1980















RealWorldCity
All
1981















RealWorldCity
All
1982















RealWorldCity
All
1983















RealWorldCity
All
1984















RealWorldCity
All
1985















RealWorldCity
All
1986















RealWorldCity
All
1987















RealWorldCity
All
1988















RealWorldCity
All
1989















RealWorldCity
All
1990















RealWorldCity
All
1991















RealWorldCity
All
1992















RealWorldCity
All
1993















RealWorldCity
All
1994















RealWorldCity
All
1995















RealWorldCity
All
1996















RealWorldCity
All
1997















RealWorldCity
All
1998















RealWorldCity
All
1999















RealWorldCity
All
2000















RealWorldCity
All
2001















RealWorldCity
All
2002















RealWorldCity
All
2003















RealWorldCity
All
2004















RealWorldCity
All
2005















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-26
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























RealWorldCity
All
2007

0.0%
25.6%
44.2%
22.0%
6.3%
0.5%
0.0%
0.2%
1.0%















RealWorldCity
All
2008

0.0%
23.1%
46.1%
22.4%
6.3%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
1.2%















RealWorldCity
All
2009

0.0%
14.7%
41.0%
29.8%
12.5%
0.8%
0.1%
0.2%
0.9%















RealWorldCity
All
2010

0.0%
15.0%
37.1%
32.0%
12.3%
0.3%
0.2%
0.8%

2.3%
0.0%













RealWorldCity
All
2011

0.0%
14.6%
40.4%
34.5%
8.3%
0.6%
0.1%
0.2%
1.1%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%




0.0%


0.1%



RealWorldCity
All
2012

0.0%
11.4%
35.0%
33.0%
16.5%
1.1%
0.4%
0.9%
0.9%
0.3%

0.2%


0.0%

0.0%



0.1%
0.0%


RealWorldCity
All
2013

0.0%
10.8%
31.3%
32.1%
20.5%
1.5%
0.5%
1.3%
1.0%
0.3%

0.2%


0.0%

0.1%
0.0%



0.0%

0.2%
RealWorldCity
All
2014

0.0%
7.8%
36.2%
33.3%
17.8%
1.7%
0.5%
1.0%
0.7%
0.2%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%

0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%



0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldCity
All
2015

0.0%
4.7%
36.1%
32.3%
21.7%
2.1%
0.5%
0.7%
1.0%
0.2%

0.1%
0.1%



0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
RealWorldCity
All
2016


7.0%
31.6%
33.4%
21.7%
4.0%
0.3%
0.6%
0.0%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%


0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
RealWorldCity
All
2017

0.0%
7.8%
32.0%
29.5%
23.7%
3.7%
0.4%
0.7%
0.3%
0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
RealWorldCity
All
2018

0.0%
3.5%
33.4%
29.1%
24.0%
4.8%
0.3%
0.7%
0.5%
1.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%

0.0%
0.8%
1.2%

0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
RealWorldComb
All
1975

10.7%
56.3%
22.7%
7.8%
2.5%



















RealWorldComb
All
1976

2.8%
59.4%
22.8%
11.5%
3.0%
0.5%


















RealWorldComb
All
1977

0.9%
48.4%
33.3%
10.0%
5.5%
1.2%
0.7%

















RealWorldComb
All
1978

0.9%
36.2%
41.7%
12.5%
5.6%
2.8%
0.3%

















RealWorldComb
All
1979

3.2%
31.9%
41.8%
15.5%
6.5%
0.8%
0.3%

















RealWorldComb
All
1980

0.0%
11.4%
43.6%
30.7%
10.8%
2.3%
1.0%
0.2%
















RealWorldComb
All
1981
0.0%
0.0%
6.1%
40.2%
30.6%
16.4%
4.6%
1.3%
0.7%
















RealWorldComb
All
1982

0.0%
4.5%
33.9%
30.1%
24.0%
5.8%
1.1%
0.6%
















RealWorldComb
All
1983

0.0%
4.9%
35.3%
28.9%
21.4%
7.6%
1.5%
0.3%
0.0%















RealWorldComb
All
1984

0.0%
5.8%
30.7%
31.2%
25.1%
4.4%
2.3%
0.3%
0.1%















RealWorldComb
All
1985

0.0%
7.0%
30.7%
28.6%
26.4%
5.5%
1.1%
0.3%
0.3%















RealWorldComb
All
1986

0.0%
5.7%
23.6%
35.6%
27.8%
5.3%
1.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%













RealWorldComb
All
1987

0.0%
4.9%
23.3%
38.2%
25.8%
6.3%
1.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1988

0.0%
5.4%
25.7%
35.1%
26.0%
5.7%
1.8%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1989

0.0%
5.8%
26.4%
39.7%
22.1%
4.3%
1.3%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1990

0.1%
6.6%
26.4%
41.3%
21.2%
3.7%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
All
1991

0.0%
5.2%
29.7%
40.7%
19.3%
4.0%
0.6%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
All
1992

0.0%
6.2%
28.5%
44.9%
15.2%
3.4%
1.1%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1993

0.0%
4.8%
33.2%
40.6%
16.3%
3.5%
1.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1994


8.8%
34.7%
37.5%
14.6%
3.0%
0.9%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%














RealWorldComb
All
1995

0.0%
9.0%
31.5%
38.6%
16.0%
4.4%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%















RealWorldComb
All
1996


8.3%
31.1%
44.1%
12.8%
3.2%
0.3%
0.2%
















RealWorldComb
All
1997


7.8%
35.7%
39.6%
14.2%
2.5%
0.1%
0.1%
















RealWorldComb
All
1998


9.8%
33.9%
39.4%
14.8%
1.9%
0.1%
0.2%
















RealWorldComb
All
1999


10.1%
34.7%
41.7%
12.4%
0.9%
0.1%
0.1%
















RealWorldComb
All
2000

0.0%
7.1%
38.0%
43.3%
10.5%
0.9%
0.1%
0.1%


0.0%













RealWorldComb
All
2001

0.0%
9.8%
37.4%
38.1%
10.7%
3.8%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%

0.0%













RealWorldComb
All
2002


8.9%
39.0%
39.4%
9.3%
3.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%

0.0%













RealWorldComb
All
2003

0.0%
11.1%
35.0%
39.1%
12.2%
2.1%
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
All
2004


12.3%
38.1%
35.0%
13.0%
1.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%














* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-27	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldCity
All
2007















RealWorldCity
All
2008















RealWorldCity
All
2009















RealWorldCity
All
2010















RealWorldCity
All
2011















RealWorldCity
All
2012
0.0%














RealWorldCity
All
2013
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%












RealWorldCity
All
2014
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%












RealWorldCity
All
2015
0.2%

0.0%












RealWorldCity
All
2016
0.1%

0.0%












RealWorldCity
All
2017
0.2%
0.0%


0.0%
0.2%









RealWorldCity
All
2018




0.0%










RealWorldComb
All
1975















RealWorldComb
All
1976















RealWorldComb
All
1977















RealWorldComb
All
1978















RealWorldComb
All
1979















RealWorldComb
All
1980















RealWorldComb
All
1981















RealWorldComb
All
1982















RealWorldComb
All
1983















RealWorldComb
All
1984















RealWorldComb
All
1985















RealWorldComb
All
1986















RealWorldComb
All
1987















RealWorldComb
All
1988















RealWorldComb
All
1989















RealWorldComb
All
1990















RealWorldComb
All
1991















RealWorldComb
All
1992















RealWorldComb
All
1993















RealWorldComb
All
1994















RealWorldComb
All
1995















RealWorldComb
All
1996















RealWorldComb
All
1997















RealWorldComb
All
1998















RealWorldComb
All
1999















RealWorldComb
All
2000















RealWorldComb
All
2001















RealWorldComb
All
2002















RealWorldComb
All
2003















RealWorldComb
All
2004















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-28
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125
































RealWorldComb
All
2006

0.0%
6.0%
38.8%
36.6%
13.1%
4.7%
0.0%
0.2%
0.6%
0.0%














RealWorldComb
All
2007


4.3%
38.8%
32.3%
17.5%
5.9%

0.2%
1.0%















RealWorldComb
All
2008


4.1%
35.5%
35.4%
18.1%
5.4%
0.2%
0.2%
1.2%















RealWorldComb
All
2009


1.0%
26.1%
35.6%
25.2%
10.9%
0.2%
0.2%
0.9%















RealWorldComb
All
2010


1.2%
26.5%
33.7%
24.9%
10.1%
0.9%
0.5%
2.3%


0.0%












RealWorldComb
All
2011

0.0%
1.4%
27.8%
38.2%
25.4%
5.4%
0.4%
0.2%
1.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%



0.0%


0.1%
0.0%




RealWorldComb
All
2012

0.0%
1.1%
22.1%
30.9%
28.0%
14.4%
1.1%
0.7%
1.3%
0.1%

0.1%

0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%



RealWorldComb
All
2013

0.0%
0.8%
19.7%
27.3%
30.5%
17.2%
1.8%
0.6%
1.4%
0.1%

0.0%


0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%

0.2%
0.0%

RealWorldComb
All
2014

0.0%
0.7%
19.4%
30.2%
28.6%
16.6%
2.2%
0.6%
1.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%


0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
All
2015


0.3%
18.0%
28.5%
30.7%
17.5%
2.7%
0.4%
1.3%
0.0%
0.1%




0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%

0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
All
2016


0.3%
17.4%
28.6%
30.2%
19.8%
2.0%
0.4%
0.2%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
All
2017


0.3%
17.3%
30.1%
27.2%
17.6%
4.4%
0.9%
0.3%
0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%

0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
RealWorldComb
All
2018


0.3%
14.6%
29.7%
27.9%
19.7%
2.8%
0.5%
1.0%
0.9%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.2%
0.9%
0.0%




RealWorldHwy
All
1975

4.1%
56.7%
19.9%
12.3%
4.8%
2.1%


















RealWorldHwy
All
1976

1.3%
44.6%
34.7%
9.2%
7.0%
3.1%


















RealWorldHwy
All
1977

0.5%
28.8%
49.4%
8.4%
6.7%
4.6%
1.1%
0.4%
















RealWorldHwy
All
1978

0.2%
21.0%
50.7%
14.1%
8.2%
4.1%
1.4%
0.3%
















RealWorldHwy
All
1979

2.4%
16.8%
52.3%
15.8%
8.9%
3.2%
0.5%
0.1%
















RealWorldHwy
All
1980

0.0%
5.3%
31.9%
32.4%
21.0%
7.8%
0.7%
1.0%
















RealWorldHwy
All
1981

0.0%
2.1%
21.2%
36.2%
24.5%
11.7%
2.8%
0.8%
0.6%















RealWorldHwy
All
1982

0.0%
2.6%
15.8%
33.1%
29.1%
13.5%
4.6%
0.7%
0.6%















RealWorldHwy
All
1983

0.0%
2.3%
14.6%
36.5%
26.8%
13.0%
5.5%
1.2%
0.2%















RealWorldHwy
All
1984

0.0%
2.9%
12.1%
36.2%
22.2%
21.4%
3.5%
1.3%
0.2%
0.1%














RealWorldHwy
All
1985

0.0%
2.9%
8.5%
40.9%
22.8%
18.1%
5.1%
1.2%
0.1%
0.3%














RealWorldHwy
All
1986

0.0%
1.6%
9.9%
29.7%
39.3%
14.5%
3.3%
1.2%
0.2%
0.0%
0.2%













RealWorldHwy
All
1987

0.0%
2.2%
7.1%
28.8%
33.7%
23.2%
3.7%
0.8%
0.2%

0.1%













RealWorldHwy
All
1988


2.2%
10.8%
25.2%
40.0%
16.8%
4.1%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
All
1989


1.5%
12.3%
24.6%
45.3%
12.8%
2.7%
0.5%
0.0%
0.2%














RealWorldHwy
All
1990


1.0%
13.0%
25.4%
47.5%
9.9%
2.5%
0.5%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%













RealWorldHwy
All
1991


0.8%
12.9%
28.5%
40.3%
14.2%
2.5%
0.4%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%













RealWorldHwy
All
1992


0.6%
14.5%
28.1%
41.6%
10.9%
3.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
All
1993


0.3%
16.8%
28.0%
37.7%
13.3%
3.2%
0.4%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
All
1994


0.3%
20.6%
27.5%
36.1%
12.2%
2.7%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%













RealWorldHwy
All
1995


0.9%
20.2%
25.1%
38.0%
10.9%
4.6%
0.2%
0.2%
0.0%














RealWorldHwy
All
1996


0.8%
18.9%
25.1%
41.7%
10.5%
2.7%
0.2%
0.2%















RealWorldHwy
All
1997


0.2%
23.8%
24.9%
35.8%
12.5%
2.5%
0.1%
0.1%















RealWorldHwy
All
1998


0.0%
23.9%
24.6%
37.3%
12.3%
1.7%
0.1%
0.2%















RealWorldHwy
All
1999


0.1%
28.4%
21.7%
39.0%
9.9%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%















RealWorldHwy
All
2000


0.1%
28.6%
22.1%
40.1%
7.9%
0.9%
0.1%
0.1%


0.0%












RealWorldHwy
All
2001


0.9%
28.7%
24.0%
35.1%
8.4%
2.6%
0.3%

0.0%

0.0%












RealWorldHwy
All
2002


0.6%
32.9%
21.2%
35.5%
7.5%
2.0%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%












RealWorldHwy
All
2003


1.1%
30.2%
26.5%
32.6%
8.6%
0.6%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%












* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-29	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Truck
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldComb
All
2006















RealWorldComb
All
2007















RealWorldComb
All
2008















RealWorldComb
All
2009















RealWorldComb
All
2010















RealWorldComb
All
2011















RealWorldComb
All
2012















RealWorldComb
All
2013















RealWorldComb
All
2014















RealWorldComb
All
2015















RealWorldComb
All
2016















RealWorldComb
All
2017

0.0%













RealWorldComb
All
2018

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
All
1975















RealWorldHwy
All
1976















RealWorldHwy
All
1977















RealWorldHwy
All
1978















RealWorldHwy
All
1979















RealWorldHwy
All
1980















RealWorldHwy
All
1981















RealWorldHwy
All
1982















RealWorldHwy
All
1983















RealWorldHwy
All
1984















RealWorldHwy
All
1985















RealWorldHwy
All
1986















RealWorldHwy
All
1987















RealWorldHwy
All
1988















RealWorldHwy
All
1989















RealWorldHwy
All
1990















RealWorldHwy
All
1991















RealWorldHwy
All
1992















RealWorldHwy
All
1993















RealWorldHwy
All
1994















RealWorldHwy
All
1995















RealWorldHwy
All
1996















RealWorldHwy
All
1997















RealWorldHwy
All
1998















RealWorldHwy
All
1999















RealWorldHwy
All
2000















RealWorldHwy
All
2001















RealWorldHwy
All
2002















RealWorldHwy
All
2003















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-30
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























RealWorldHwy
All
2005


0.1%
24.3%
33.1%
26.5%
14.7%
0.4%
0.2%
0.8%

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
All
2006


0.1%
23.9%
31.7%
29.3%
12.1%
2.1%

0.8%

0.0%













RealWorldHwy
All
2007


0.1%
23.4%
29.5%
24.5%
18.5%
2.8%

1.3%















RealWorldHwy
All
2008


0.1%
19.3%
29.8%
29.8%
17.2%
2.2%
0.2%
1.5%















RealWorldHwy
All
2009


0.0%
11.8%
24.8%
29.4%
29.5%
3.2%
0.2%
1.1%















RealWorldHwy
All
2010


0.0%
10.6%
28.6%
26.4%
27.7%
3.5%
1.0%
2.3%


0.0%












RealWorldHwy
All
2011

0.0%
0.1%
8.5%
31.0%
31.4%
24.0%
3.2%
0.6%
1.1%
0.0%

0.0%


0.0%


0.1%
0.0%





RealWorldHwy
All
2012

0.0%
0.0%
7.4%
25.2%
26.0%
26.7%
12.2%
0.8%
1.3%
0.1%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%



0.1%
0.0%





RealWorldHwy
All
2013

0.0%
0.0%
6.3%
23.1%
24.9%
26.1%
17.2%
0.6%
1.3%
0.1%

0.0%

0.0%



0.3%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%



RealWorldHwy
All
2014

0.0%
0.0%
5.7%
24.6%
26.4%
22.9%
18.0%
0.9%
0.9%
0.2%

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%


RealWorldHwy
All
2015


0.0%
2.7%
27.1%
21.3%
24.7%
21.6%
0.9%
1.1%
0.1%


0.0%


0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%


RealWorldHwy
All
2016


0.0%
2.6%
25.1%
24.0%
25.6%
20.1%
1.2%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%


0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%


RealWorldHwy
All
2017


0.0%
3.9%
21.5%
28.4%
24.0%
16.1%
3.7%
0.5%
0.8%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
RealWorldHwy
All
2018


0.0%
3.2%
21.8%
28.5%
22.0%
18.5%
1.9%
0.8%
1.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.9%





0.0%
2Cycle5543
All
1975

0.5%
51.8%
26.9%
13.7%
5.1%
2.0%


















2Cycle5544
All
1976

0.0%
34.1%
42.3%
11.8%
8.8%
2.5%
0.5%

















2Cycle5545
All
1977

0.1%
23.2%
51.8%
10.1%
CO
4.8%
0.8%
1.1%
















2Cycle5545
All
1978

0.0%
17.6%
45.1%
19.8%
9.9%
4.5%
2.6%
0.4%
















2Cycle5545
All
1979

0.3%
14.9%
43.8%
23.2%
11.5%
5.1%
0.8%
0.2%
0.1%















2Cycle5545
All
1980

0.0%
3.0%
24.1%
36.3%
23.2%
10.1%
1.7%
1.5%
0.2%















2Cycle5545
All
1981
0.0%

1.3%
16.8%
35.4%
24.7%
14.6%
4.7%
1.6%
0.8%















2Cycle5545
All
1982

0.0%
1.6%
18.7%
27.2%
26.5%
18.0%
5.7%
1.5%
0.6%
0.2%














2Cycle5545
All
1983

0.0%
1.6%
17.0%
33.3%
19.3%
18.5%
8.1%
1.7%
0.5%
0.1%














2Cycle5545
All
1984

0.0%
1.8%
14.2%
34.3%
22.3%
19.3%
5.3%
2.1%
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%













2Cycle5545
All
1985

0.0%
1.8%
r-»
CO
41.7%
15.7%
24.3%
5.9%
0.9%
0.6%
0.0%
0.3%













2Cycle5545
All
1986

0.0%
0.8%
9.7%
30.3%
31.5%
18.9%
6.1%
1.3%
1.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%











2Cycle5545
All
1987

0.0%
0.8%
7.7%
30.0%
28.7%
24.7%
6.4%
0.7%
0.7%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%











2Cycle5545
All
1988

0.0%
0.7%
11.4%
24.4%
29.9%
25.1%
5.6%
1.4%
1.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%











2Cycle5545
All
1989

0.0%
0.9%
11.0%
27.0%
33.7%
20.6%
5.0%
0.8%
0.8%

0.2%
0.1%












2Cycle5545
All
1990


1.0%
11.2%
24.9%
39.7%
17.5%
4.5%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%

0.0%











2Cycle5545
All
1991


0.4%
9.8%
30.5%
34.8%
17.3%
5.2%
1.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%

0.0%











2Cycle5545
All
1992


0.4%
13.5%
32.6%
32.5%
14.5%
4.6%
1.1%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
All
1993


0.1%
13.6%
27.8%
36.4%
15.6%
4.8%
1.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
All
1994


0.0%
15.6%
32.6%
32.0%
14.2%
4.0%
0.8%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%

0.1%











2Cycle5545
All
1995


0.1%
17.7%
25.2%
35.7%
13.7%
6.2%
0.9%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%













2Cycle5545
All
1996


0.4%
14.7%
29.2%
34.7%
13.9%
5.9%
0.8%
0.2%
0.2%














2Cycle5545
All
1997


0.0%
17.3%
29.5%
31.5%
14.6%
6.1%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%














2Cycle5545
All
1998


0.0%
15.0%
30.8%
34.3%
12.9%
6.6%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%














2Cycle5545
All
1999


0.0%
18.4%
29.3%
35.7%
10.7%
5.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%














2Cycle5545
All
2000


0.0%
16.7%
30.8%
36.1%
11.5%
4.5%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%




0.0%









2Cycle5545
All
2001


0.0%
19.0%
28.8%
33.4%
12.9%
4.7%
0.9%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%

0.0%

0.0%









2Cycle5545
All
2002


0.0%
22.7%
26.5%
31.8%
14.1%
4.0%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%

0.0%

0.0%









* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-31	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















RealWorldHwy
All
2005















RealWorldHwy
All
2006















RealWorldHwy
All
2007















RealWorldHwy
All
2008















RealWorldHwy
All
2009















RealWorldHwy
All
2010















RealWorldHwy
All
2011















RealWorldHwy
All
2012















RealWorldHwy
All
2013















RealWorldHwy
All
2014















RealWorldHwy
All
2015















RealWorldHwy
All
2016















RealWorldHwy
All
2017















RealWorldHwy
All
2018















2Cycle5543
All
1975















2Cycle5544
All
1976















2Cycle5545
All
1977















2Cycle5545
All
1978















2Cycle5545
All
1979















2Cycle5545
All
1980















2Cycle5545
All
1981















2Cycle5545
All
1982















2Cycle5545
All
1983















2Cycle5545
All
1984















2Cycle5545
All
1985















2Cycle5545
All
1986















2Cycle5545
All
1987















2Cycle5545
All
1988















2Cycle5545
All
1989















2Cycle5545
All
1990















2Cycle5545
All
1991















2Cycle5545
All
1992















2Cycle5545
All
1993















2Cycle5545
All
1994















2Cycle5545
All
1995















2Cycle5545
All
1996















2Cycle5545
All
1997















2Cycle5545
All
1998















2Cycle5545
All
1999















2Cycle5545
All
2000















2Cycle5545
All
2001















2Cycle5545
All
2002















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-32
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125































2Cycle5545
All
2004


0.0%
21.8%
29.4%
29.3%
13.3%
5.1%
0.5%
0.1%

0.1%

0.3%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
All
2005


0.0%
18.1%
28.8%
29.9%
15.0%
6.4%
0.6%
0.1%

0.2%

0.8%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
All
2006


0.0%
14.8%
30.0%
30.8%
15.7%
7.1%
0.7%
0.0%

0.2%

0.6%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
All
2007


0.0%
11.6%
32.8%
27.2%
16.4%
00
00
1.5%
0.5%

0.2%

1.0%











2Cycle5545
All
2008


0.0%
9.1%
31.7%
30.2%
16.2%
9.5%
1.4%
0.4%

0.2%

1.2%











2Cycle5545
All
2009


0.0%
4.7%
23.3%
28.7%
24.8%
11.3%
5.2%
0.9%

0.2%

0.9%











2Cycle5545
All
2010


0.0%
6.4%
22.3%
24.4%
23.4%
17.9%
1.6%
0.9%
0.3%
0.5%


2.3%


0.0%







2Cycle5545
All
2011

0.0%
0.0%
4.7%
24.7%
25.9%
25.5%
13.9%
2.9%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%


1.1%
0.0%

0.0%






0.0%
2Cycle5545
All
2012


0.0%
3.8%
19.7%
22.5%
23.8%
13.9%
12.1%
1.1%
0.7%
0.7%
0.1%

1.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%


0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


2Cycle5545
All
2013


0.0%
2.9%
18.1%
20.1%
24.7%
13.7%
15.4%
1.5%
0.4%
1.2%
0.1%

1.5%

0.1%
0.0%
0.2%


0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

2Cycle5545
All
2014


0.0%
2.1%
18.2%
22.5%
23.3%
14.7%
13.0%
3.1%
0.6%
0.9%
0.0%
0.1%
1.1%

0.1%
0.0%
0.2%


0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
All
2015


0.0%
1.0%
17.6%
21.1%
20.5%
19.2%
14.6%
2.6%
0.7%
0.5%
0.0%
0.1%
1.3%

0.0%

0.1%



0.0%
0.0%

2Cycle5545
All
2016



1.0%
16.7%
22.1%
18.8%
20.3%
13.8%
4.8%
0.4%
0.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.6%

0.1%

0.1%
0.0%


0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
All
2017


0.0%
1.0%
16.0%
23.3%
20.2%
16.7%
14.8%
4.4%
0.3%
0.6%
0.4%
0.3%
0.5%
0.0%
0.0%


0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
2Cycle5545
All
2018


0.0%
0.9%
14.5%
21.9%
20.7%
15.5%
15.9%
5.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.8%
0.5%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
0.4%

2CycleCity
All
1975

7.9%
56.1%
25.3%
8.6%
2.0%



















2CycleCity
All
1976

1.4%
52.5%
32.2%
9.6%
3.9%
0.5%


















2CycleCity
All
1977

0.7%
43.7%
38.1%
9.4%
6.2%
0.8%
1.1%

















2CycleCity
All
1978

0.5%
34.7%
43.5%
12.5%
5.1%
2.7%
1.0%

















2CycleCity
All
1979

1.6%
27.8%
46.6%
13.6%
8.6%
1.3%
0.2%
0.1%
















2CycleCity
All
1980

0.0%
9.6%
42.0%
31.7%
11.3%
3.7%
0.7%
1.0%
















2CycleCity
All
1981
0.0%
0.0%
4.5%
40.7%
27.0%
19.5%
5.3%
2.1%
0.8%
















2CycleCity
All
1982

0.0%
4.0%
31.9%
31.1%
22.4%
8.0%
1.5%
0.7%
0.2%















2CycleCity
All
1983

0.0%
3.3%
37.4%
26.9%
19.8%
10.2%
1.9%
0.4%
0.1%















2CycleCity
All
1984

0.0%
4.0%
31.9%
31.3%
24.0%
6.0%
2.0%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%














2CycleCity
All
1985

0.0%
6.7%
31.8%
25.9%
27.4%
6.2%
1.1%
0.6%
0.0%
0.3%














2CycleCity
All
1986

0.0%
2.4%
28.3%
35.7%
23.9%
6.9%
1.3%
0.9%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%












2CycleCity
All
1987

0.0%
3.5%
25.1%
34.5%
26.7%
8.5%
0.7%
0.7%
0.2%

0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1988

0.0%
4.0%
28.4%
29.9%
26.7%
8.4%
1.0%
1.3%
0.2%

0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1989

0.0%
4.6%
27.0%
36.4%
24.2%
5.9%
0.8%
0.8%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1990

0.0%
5.1%
27.0%
39.8%
20.8%
6.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%













2CycleCity
All
1991

0.0%
3.5%
30.3%
36.8%
21.1%
6.4%
1.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%













2CycleCity
All
1992

0.0%
4.0%
33.9%
39.6%
15.4%
4.9%
1.5%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1993

0.0%
3.9%
32.1%
37.9%
19.4%
5.0%
1.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1994


5.4%
33.3%
37.2%
18.3%
4.2%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%













2CycleCity
All
1995

0.0%
5.7%
34.5%
34.8%
17.5%
6.2%
0.8%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%














2CycleCity
All
1996

0.0%
6.0%
33.8%
37.4%
15.5%
6.2%
0.8%
0.2%
0.2%















2CycleCity
All
1997


6.6%
35.6%
34.0%
16.5%
6.4%
0.8%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleCity
All
1998


7.7%
33.4%
34.2%
17.9%
6.0%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleCity
All
1999

0.0%
8.6%
34.3%
37.4%
14.1%
5.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%















2CycleCity
All
2000

0.0%
4.7%
36.6%
39.3%
14.4%
4.5%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%



0.0%











2CycleCity
All
2001

0.0%
5.7%
37.5%
36.4%
14.6%
4.5%
1.1%
0.0%
0.1%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%











* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-33	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200
2Cycle5545
All
2003















2Cycle5545
All
2004















2Cycle5545
All
2005















2Cycle5545
All
2006















2Cycle5545
All
2007















2Cycle5545
All
2008















2Cycle5545
All
2009















2Cycle5545
All
2010















2Cycle5545
All
2011



0.1%
0.0%










2Cycle5545
All
2012



0.1%
0.0%


0.0%







2Cycle5545
All
2013




0.0%
0.0%

0.2%
0.0%
0.0%





2Cycle5545
All
2014

0.0%


0.0%
0.0%

0.1%
0.0%

0.0%




2Cycle5545
All
2015
0.0%
0.1%


0.0%
0.0%

0.2%
0.1%

0.0%




2Cycle5545
All
2016
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

0.1%
0.1%

0.0%
0.1%



2Cycle5545
All
2017
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.2%



2Cycle5545
All
2018
0.1%
0.1%

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%


0.9%


2CycleCity
All
1975















2CycleCity
All
1976















2CycleCity
All
1977















2CycleCity
All
1978















2CycleCity
All
1979















2CycleCity
All
1980















2CycleCity
All
1981















2CycleCity
All
1982















2CycleCity
All
1983















2CycleCity
All
1984















2CycleCity
All
1985















2CycleCity
All
1986















2CycleCity
All
1987















2CycleCity
All
1988















2CycleCity
All
1989















2CycleCity
All
1990















2CycleCity
All
1991















2CycleCity
All
1992















2CycleCity
All
1993















2CycleCity
All
1994















2CycleCity
All
1995















2CycleCity
All
1996















2CycleCity
All
1997















2CycleCity
All
1998















2CycleCity
All
1999















2CycleCity
All
2000















2CycleCity
All
2001















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-34
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Environmental Prot-ection	Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
Agij-ncy	*'	*'
MPG Variable:
Car or
Truck
Modol
Year
Oto
5
5 to
10
10 to
15
15 to
20
20 to
25
25 to
30
30 to
35
35 to
40
40 to
45
45 to
50
50 to
55
55 to
60
60 to
65
65 to
70
70 to
75
75 to
SO
80 to
85
85 to
90
90 to
95
95 to
100
100 to
105
105 to
110
110 to
115
115 to
120
120 to
125




























2CycleCity
All
2003

0.0%
4.7%
36.9%
35.5%
16.9%
4.9%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%











2CycleCity
All
2004


4.7%
40.2%
34.5%
14.7%
4.9%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%

0.0%
0.3%











2CycleCity
All
2005

0.0%
2.5%
36.6%
36.1%
17.1%
6.1%
0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%

0.0%
0.8%











2CycleCity
All
2006

0.0%
1.7%
35.2%
38.4%
15.8%
7.1%
0.9%
0.0%

0.2%

0.0%
0.6%











2CycleCity
All
2007


1.6%
34.7%
32.4%
19.4%
8.5%
1.5%
0.5%
0.0%
0.2%


1.0%











2CycleCity
All
2008

0.0%
1.4%
31.3%
35.5%
18.9%
9.3%
1.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%


1.2%











2CycleCity
All
2009


0.6%
21.4%
29.8%
29.1%
14.3%
2.7%
0.7%
0.2%
0.2%


0.9%











2CycleCity
All
2010

0.0%
0.3%
23.4%
26.8%
27.9%
15.8%
2.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.5%
0.3%


2.3%

0.0%








2CycleCity
All
2011

0.0%
0.5%
22.7%
31.0%
30.3%
10.3%
3.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%


1.1%

0.0%



0.0%




2CycleCity
All
2012

0.0%
0.4%
17.0%
28.0%
28.1%
11.8%
11.4%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.9%
0.1%

1.3%


0.0%
0.1%

0.1%

0.0%


2CycleCity
All
2013

0.0%
0.4%
15.3%
25.0%
26.3%
15.1%
13.7%
0.5%
0.3%
0.1%
0.6%
0.6%

1.4%


0.0%
0.2%


0.2%
0.1%
0.0%

2CycleCity
All
2014

0.0%
0.3%
14.6%
27.7%
22.4%
20.1%
10.7%
1.1%
0.3%
0.2%
0.7%
0.3%

1.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.2%


0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2015


0.1%
13.1%
26.2%
21.5%
22.3%
11.9%
1.8%
0.4%
0.1%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%
1.3%



0.1%


0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2016


0.0%
12.7%
24.9%
21.2%
24.2%
12.1%
2.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.5%
0.0%

0.1%
0.0%


0.0%

0.1%
2CycleCity
All
2017


0.0%
13.0%
26.3%
20.4%
19.8%
13.4%
3.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.5%
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
2CycleCity
All
2018


0.0%
8.8%
27.2%
21.7%
17.9%
15.4%
3.2%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.6%
0.7%
0.1%
0.8%
0.1%


0.1%
0.1%

0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
2CycleHwy
All
1975

0.0%
14.8%
50.4%
14.6%
10.0%
6.5%
2.0%
1.6%
















2CycleHwy
All
1976


7.5%
41.3%
30.9%
5.9%
9.5%
3.0%
2.0%
















2CycleHwy
All
1977


3.8%
34.7%
37.9%
2?
CO
6.3%
4.5%
2.9%
1.0%
0.5%














2CycleHwy
All
1978


7.2%
19.3%
39.1%
15.9%
9.3%
4.4%
3.2%
1.4%
0.3%














2CycleHwy
All
1979

0.1%
7.5%
17.8%
39.6%
15.4%
10.1%
6.8%
2.3%
0.5%
0.1%














2CycleHwy
All
1980


0.5%
6.1%
20.5%
30.5%
24.8%
10.6%
5.2%
0.6%
0.9%
0.2%













2CycleHwy
All
1981


0.1%
2.5%
17.4%
30.3%
23.2%
13.9%
8.5%
2.4%
0.5%
1.1%













2CycleHwy
All
1982


0.5%
2.8%
12.9%
24.2%
21.4%
24.5%
8.0%
3.9%
1.2%
0.8%













2CycleHwy
All
1983


0.2%
2.9%
11.6%
32.9%
19.2%
16.1%
10.5%
4.4%
1.6%
0.3%
0.1%












2CycleHwy
All
1984


0.2%
3.0%
9.7%
28.6%
23.2%
20.3%
9.9%
2.6%
1.5%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%











2CycleHwy
All
1985


0.1%
5.2%
5.8%
23.1%
30.0%
17.8%
11.5%
4.3%
1.3%
0.6%
0.0%
0.3%











2CycleHwy
All
1986


0.1%
3.5%
7.1%
19.4%
26.3%
29.2%
9.4%
2.4%
2.0%
0.2%
0.2%

0.1%
0.2%









2CycleHwy
All
1987


0.0%
2.6%
6.3%
18.3%
29.8%
27.7%
10.2%
3.8%
0.8%
0.1%
0.2%

0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1988


0.0%
2.2%
9.6%
15.6%
24.1%
32.1%
11.0%
3.3%
1.7%

0.1%
0.0%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1989


0.1%
1.6%
10.5%
15.3%
26.4%
32.1%
9.1%
3.4%
1.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1990


0.2%
1.5%
11.1%
16.9%
26.1%
33.2%
7.3%
3.0%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%










2CycleHwy
All
1991


0.0%
1.0%
9.2%
17.9%
29.2%
26.7%
10.9%
3.8%
0.6%
0.1%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%










2CycleHwy
All
1992


0.0%
0.6%
12.5%
14.7%
30.3%
28.7%
7.2%
4.1%
1.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1993


0.0%
0.3%
11.0%
18.6%
25.3%
28.1%
11.0%
4.0%
1.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1994



1.1%
14.5%
18.4%
24.2%
26.6%
2?
CO
5.3%
0.9%
0.1%
0.3%

0.1%










2CycleHwy
All
1995


0.0%
1.0%
16.1%
11.4%
21.4%
34.0%
9.4%
5.2%
1.0%
0.2%
0.2%

0.0%










2CycleHwy
All
1996



0.9%
14.6%
13.4%
28.0%
29.2%
7.6%
4.8%
1.3%
0.1%
0.2%












2CycleHwy
All
1997



0.2%
16.4%
16.7%
22.4%
28.1%
11.4%
3.8%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%












2CycleHwy
All
1998



0.0%
14.2%
17.9%
21.2%
30.6%
10.1%
5.5%
0.4%
0.0%
0.2%












2CycleHwy
All
1999



0.1%
17.4%
17.9%
19.1%
33.4%
CO
3.5%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%












2CycleHwy
All
2000



0.1%
16.2%
18.9%
20.3%
32.6%
9.2%
2.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%




0.0%







* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	C-35	March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table C: Percent of 1975 to 2018 Production by Fuel Economy Band
MPG Variable *
Car or
Trucl<
Model
Year
125 to
130
130 to
135
135 to
140
140 to
145
145 to
150
150 to
155
155 to
160
160 to
165
165 to
170
170 to
175
175 to
ISO
ISO to
1S5
1S5 to
190
190 to
195
195 to
200


















2CycleCity
All
2003















2CycleCity
All
2004















2CycleCity
All
2005















2CycleCity
All
2006















2CycleCity
All
2007















2CycleCity
All
2008















2CycleCity
All
2009















2CycleCity
All
2010















2CycleCity
All
2011

0.0%



0.1%









2CycleCity
All
2012





0.1%
0.0%




0.0%



2CycleCity
All
2013






0.0%


0.0%

0.2%
0.0%

0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2014






0.0%


0.1%

0.1%
0.0%

0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2015
0.1%
0.0%




0.0%


0.1%
0.0%
0.2%


0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2016
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.0%

0.0%


0.1%
0.1%
0.0%


0.0%
2CycleCity
All
2017
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%

0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%


2CycleCity
All
2018
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%

0.1%

0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%

0.9%

2CycleHwy
All
1975















2CycleHwy
All
1976















2CycleHwy
All
1977















2CycleHwy
All
1978















2CycleHwy
All
1979















2CycleHwy
All
1980















2CycleHwy
All
1981















2CycleHwy
All
1982















2CycleHwy
All
1983















2CycleHwy
All
1984















2CycleHwy
All
1985















2CycleHwy
All
1986















2CycleHwy
All
1987















2CycleHwy
All
1988















2CycleHwy
All
1989















2CycleHwy
All
1990















2CycleHwy
All
1991















2CycleHwy
All
1992















2CycleHwy
All
1993















2CycleHwy
All
1994















2CycleHwy
All
1995















2CycleHwy
All
1996















2CycleHwy
All
1997















2CycleHwy
All
1998















2CycleHwy
All
1999















2CycleHwy
All
2000















iLcnft
Sl8T«
Envfpnirwrwntsl Prot-ection
Agency
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
C-36
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
8237
0.806
15.8
12.3
15.2
13.5
669.9
541.7
660.5
4058


288
136

0.515
0.0331
32.3

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
8238
0.788
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
609.9
502.0
597.9
4059


287
134

0.502
0.0324
35.5

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
8239
0.800
18.3
14.4
17.4
15.6
576.8
478.9
570.2
3944

110.4
279
133

0.516
0.0335
36.4
2091
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
8240
0.773
19.9
15.5
19.1
16.9
536.7
440.8
524.8
3588

109.0
251
124
13.7
0.538
0.0342
35.9
2240
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
8241
0.778
20.3
15.9
19.2
17.2
531.9
442.8
516.5
3485

108.9
238
119
14.5
0.545
0.0338
35.4
2258
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
8242
0.835
23.5
18.3
22.6
20.0
466.8
380.4
446.3
3101

104.2
188
100
15.5
0.583
0.0322
36.6
2507
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
8243
0.827
25.1
19.6
24.2
21.4
436.8
354.9
418.0
3076

106.5
182
99
15.6
0.594
0.0320
38.9
2744
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
8244
0.803
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
423.5
336.5
402.4
3054

106.1
175
99
16.6
0.609
0.0320
40.1
2836
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
8245
0.777
25.9
19.9
25.5
22.1
421.9
335.3
403.3
3112

108.7
182
104
14.8
0.615
0.0330
40.7
2904
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
8246
0.761
26.3
20.2
26.0
22.4
418.9
330.5
396.7
3099

107.5
179
106
14.5
0.637
0.0339
41.1
2910
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
8247
0.746
27.0
20.7
26.8
23.0
411.0
322.2
386.5
3093

108.2
177
111
13.9
0.671
0.0355
42.0
2992
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
8248
0.717
27.9
21.2
27.6
23.7
402.2
313.8
374.7
3041

107.3
167
111
13.2
0.701
0.0360
42.6
3057
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
8249
0.722
28.1
21.2
27.7
23.8
403.3
313.2
373.4
3031

106.6
162
112
13.3
0.732
0.0365
42.8
3051
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
8250
0.702
28.6
21.4
28.2
24.1
399.0
308.8
368.0
3047

107.0
160
116
13.3
0.759
0.0375
43.7
3119
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
8251
0.693
28.1
20.9
27.9
23.7
411.3
313.4
374.8
3099

107.7
163
121
12.5
0.783
0.0387
43.8
3080
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
8252
0.698
27.8
20.5
27.5
23.3
421.4
318.2
380.9
3176

107.1
163
129
11.4
0.829
0.0401
44.2
3014
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
8253
0.678
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
419.3
316.0
379.4
3154

106.8
163
132
11.3
0.851
0.0413
44.3
3040
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
8254
0.666
27.6
20.0
27.5
23.1
430.1
317.7
385.2
3240

108.4
170
141
10.7
0.868
0.0428
44.9
3040
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
8255
0.640
28.2
20.3
27.9
23.5
424.4
313.3
378.8
3207

108.4
166
138
10.1
0.865
0.0425
45.4
3107
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
8256
0.596
28.0
20.0
27.7
23.3
430.2
314.8
381.9
3250

108.2
168
143
9.9
0.884
0.0432
45.7
3086
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
8257
0.620
28.3
20.0
28.1
23.4
431.5
311.1
379.1
3263

108.7
167
152
9.8
0.945
0.0460
46.4
3130
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
8258
0.600
28.3
19.8
28.0
23.3
436.3
313.5
380.9
3282

109.0
165
154
10.1
0.958
0.0464
46.5
3125
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
8259
0.576
28.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
437.3
313.5
380.3
3274

108.7
164
156
10.0
0.974
0.0469
46.7
3127
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
8260
0.551
28.5
19.7
28.0
23.4
440.0
313.8
380.4
3306

108.6
164
159
10.2
0.993
0.0475
47.3
3138
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
8261
0.551
28.2
19.4
27.5
23.0
449.6
319.7
386.4
3365

109.1
166
164
10.1
1.009
0.0481
47.5
3106
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
8262
0.551
28.2
19.3
27.3
22.9
451.8
322.2
387.9
3369

109.6
165
168
9.5
1.032
0.0492
47.6
3121
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
8263
0.539
28.4
19.4
27.3
23.0
447.4
320.3
385.7
3380

109.3
165
168
9.3
1.042
0.0492
48.4
3159
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
8264
0.515
28.6
19.4
27.2
23.1
447.7
321.9
385.1
3391

110.0
166
173
9.3
1.066
0.0504
48.9
3200
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
8265
0.502
29.0
19.5
27.5
23.3
445.2
318.6
381.9
3417

109.6
165
176
9.1
1.087
0.0510
49.9
3237
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
8266
0.480
28.9
19.3
27.4
23.1
448.4
318.9
384.2
3462

110.4
168
183
9.0
1.106
0.0521
50.5
3261
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
8267
0.505
29.5
19.6
27.6
23.5
437.0
315.4
378.5
3463

111.4
166
182
8.9
1.115
0.0518
51.8
3384
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
8268
0.529
29.2
19.4
27.5
23.3
442.3
316.9
381.7
3534

111.5
172
194
8.7
1.146
0.0540
52.4
3351
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
8269
0.529
30.3
20.1
28.3
24.1
421.7
306.8
368.7
3507

110.2
165
189
8.8
1.157
0.0531
54.2
3468
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
8270
0.527
30.5
20.2
28.5
24.3
418.0
304.4
366.2
3527
45.2
109.9
165
193
8.8
1.178
0.0536
54.9
3490
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
8271
0.605
32.1
21.3
29.6
25.3
401.6
294.1
351.0
3464
44.9
110.0
155
184
8.9
1.190
0.0520
56.5
3645
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
8272
0.545
33.2
22.0
30.5
26.2
0.0
0.0
340.1
3474
45.2
110.5
156
187
8.8
1.197
0.0527
59.8
3864
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
8273
0.478
32.9
21.6
30.3
25.8
0.0
0.0
344.5
3559
45.8
111.1
159
199
8.5
1.252
0.0547
60.3
3824
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
8274
0.550
35.4
23.3
32.1
27.6
0.0
0.0
322.2
3452
45.4
110.6
148
189
8.6
1.279
0.0536
63.3
4111
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
8275
0.541
36.4
24.0
32.9
28.4
0.0
0.0
313.2
3465
45.7
110.3
145
194
8.4
1.343
0.0548
66.4
4273
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
8276
0.492
36.6
24.0
32.9
28.4
0.0
0.0
313.1
3497
46.0
110.9
146
197
8.4
1.353
0.0551
67.0
4307
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
8277
0.472
37.5
24.5
33.7
29.0
0.0
0.0
305.8
3489
46.0
111.5
145
196
8.3
1.360
0.0550
69.1
4471
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
8278
0.438
37.8
24.6
34.0
29.2
0.0
0.0
303.3
3468
46.2
111.7
142
197
8.3
1.402
0.0556
69.2
4510
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
8279
0.410
39.0
25.6
35.0
30.2
0.0
0.0
292.8
3470
46.1
112.0
138
193
8.3
1.411
0.0544
74.2
4812
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-l
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975

6.5%

93.5%
19.6%
80.1%
0.3%


94.6%

5.1%

0.2%



55.4%
23.3%
21.3%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976

5.8%

94.2%
17.1%
82.9%



96.6%

3.2%

0.3%



55.4%
25.2%
19.4%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
4021
6.8%

93.2%
16.8%
83.2%



95.3%

4.2%

0.5%



51.9%
24.5%
23.5%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
3926
9.6%

90.4%
19.8%
73.1%
7.1%


94.0%

5.1%

0.9%



44.7%
34.4%
21.0%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
3878
11.9%
0.3%
87.8%
21.1%
69.7%
8.8%

0.5%
93.2%

4.7%

2.1%



43.7%
34.2%
22.1%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
3841
29.7%
0.9%
69.4%
30.9%
51.6%
16.8%

0.6%
88.7%

6.2%
0.7%
4.4%



54.4%
34.4%
11.3%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
4161
37.0%
0.7%
62.2%
29.9%
36.2%
33.3%

0.6%
85.3%

6.1%
2.6%
5.9%



51.5%
36.4%
12.2%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
4273
45.6%
0.8%
53.6%
29.2%
18.9%
51.4%

0.5%
78.4%

7.2%
9.8%
4.7%



56.5%
31.0%
12.5%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
4426
47.3%
3.1%
49.6%
26.1%
16.8%
56.7%

0.5%
69.6%

9.5%
18.9%
2.1%



53.1%
31.8%
15.1%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
4425
53.7%
1.0%
45.3%
24.1%
17.5%
58.3%

0.0%
58.9%

15.0%
24.4%
1.7%



57.4%
29.4%
13.2%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
4551
61.6%
2.1%
36.3%
22.8%
18.5%
58.7%


45.6%

21.4%
32.0%
0.9%



55.7%
28.9%
15.4%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
4585
71.1%
1.1%
27.9%
24.8%
17.2%
58.0%


34.5%

36.7%
28.4%
0.3%
4.8%


59.5%
27.9%
12.6%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
4569
77.0%
1.1%
21.9%
24.9%
15.6%
59.5%


26.8%

42.5%
30.5%
0.3%
14.7%


63.5%
24.3%
12.2%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
4693
81.7%
0.8%
17.5%
24.3%
9.6%
66.1%


16.3%

53.7%
30.0%
0.0%
19.9%


64.8%
22.3%
12.8%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
4723
82.5%
1.0%
16.5%
21.0%
9.6%
69.3%
0.1%

9.7%

62.4%
27.8%
0.0%
24.4%


58.3%
28.2%
13.5%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
4746
84.6%
1.0%
14.4%
19.6%
7.4%
72.9%
0.0%

1.4%

77.5%
21.1%
0.0%
33.0%
0.6%

58.6%
28.7%
12.8%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
4746
83.2%
1.4%
15.4%
20.5%
5.9%
73.6%
0.0%

0.0%

78.0%
21.9%
0.1%
34.1%
2.4%

61.5%
26.2%
12.3%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
4877
80.8%
1.1%
18.1%
17.4%
6.2%
76.4%
0.0%

0.0%

89.5%
10.4%
0.1%
35.0%
4.6%

56.5%
27.8%
15.6%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
4929
85.1%
1.2%
13.7%
17.8%
5.2%
77.0%
0.0%



91.6%
8.4%

36.7%
4.8%

57.2%
29.5%
13.3%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
4955
84.4%
0.4%
15.1%
16.7%
4.0%
79.3%




94.9%
5.1%
0.0%
41.0%
8.0%

58.5%
26.1%
15.4%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
5045
82.0%
1.2%
16.9%
16.3%
1.8%
81.9%




98.8%
1.2%
0.1%
52.2%
9.8%

57.3%
28.6%
14.0%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
5080
86.5%
1.5%
11.9%
14.9%
1.6%
83.6%
0.0%



98.8%
1.1%
0.1%
57.3%
11.7%

54.3%
32.0%
13.6%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
5076
86.5%
1.7%
11.7%
13.5%
0.6%
85.8%
0.1%



99.1%
0.8%
0.1%
58.6%
11.3%

55.1%
30.6%
14.3%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
5145
87.0%
2.3%
10.7%
12.3%
0.4%
87.3%
0.1%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
61.4%
18.4%

49.4%
39.1%
11.4%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
5191
87.2%
2.2%
10.6%
10.9%
0.6%
88.4%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
64.7%
17.1%

47.7%
39.7%
12.6%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
5224
84.9%
2.1%
13.0%
11.2%
1.1%
87.7%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
65.1%
23.4%
0.1%
47.5%
34.3%
18.2%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
5292
84.1%
3.2%
12.6%
11.4%
0.9%
87.5%
0.2%



99.7%

0.3%
67.3%
28.3%
0.2%
50.8%
32.3%
16.8%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
5382
84.9%
3.8%
11.2%
11.2%
0.2%
88.2%
0.4%



99.6%

0.4%
69.9%
33.9%
0.3%
48.6%
36.3%
15.1%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
5481
82.0%
3.5%
14.5%
11.2%

87.9%
0.9%



99.6%

0.4%
73.8%
41.3%
0.6%
50.6%
33.5%
15.9%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
5587
80.8%
5.4%
13.7%
10.2%
0.3%
88.2%
1.4%



99.7%

0.3%
77.3%
44.2%
0.9%
47.4%
35.6%
17.0%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
5790
79.8%
5.8%
14.5%
9.3%
0.1%
88.0%
2.6%



99.6%

0.4%
78.2%
51.6%
2.1%
44.2%
38.9%
16.9%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
5855
75.8%
5.8%
18.5%
9.4%
0.1%
88.1%
2.4%



99.4%

0.6%
80.8%
60.6%
1.5%
46.2%
32.9%
20.9%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
5994
80.5%
5.7%
13.8%
8.5%
0.0%
81.1%
10.4%


0.3%
99.6%

0.0%
84.8%
65.2%
3.4%
44.6%
40.0%
15.4%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
6056
77.7%
7.3%
15.0%
8.0%
0.3%
80.2%
11.5%


3.2%
96.8%

0.1%
87.8%
63.5%
3.4%
44.6%
35.8%
19.5%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
6228
82.6%
6.7%
10.7%
6.8%
0.4%
82.0%
10.8%


4.5%
94.8%

0.7%
92.0%
79.7%
3.0%
47.6%
35.4%
17.0%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
6632
81.6%
5.9%
12.5%
5.7%
1.9%
77.6%
14.8%


6.6%
92.4%

1.0%
92.9%
90.5%
6.2%
48.8%
37.4%
13.7%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
6717
78.3%
8.4%
13.4%
5.4%
0.6%
81.2%
12.8%


16.4%
82.3%

1.1%
93.4%
93.7%
4.0%
38.5%
43.4%
18.1%
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
7018
84.1%
6.2%
9.6%
5.6%
2.1%
76.7%
15.7%


25.4%
73.2%

1.2%
98.0%
97.4%
5.8%



Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
7351
81.6%
7.7%
10.7%
5.6%
2.6%
72.2%
19.6%


35.3%
62.8%

1.3%
97.6%
97.2%
6.9%



Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
7452
79.3%
8.2%
12.5%
4.7%
3.2%
63.9%
28.2%


40.8%
57.1%

1.6%
97.2%
96.8%
5.8%



Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
7732
78.3%
10.3%
11.5%
4.6%
2.8%
60.6%
32.0%


42.2%
55.8%

1.0%
97.0%
97.1%
5.3%



Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
7761
78.4%
10.4%
11.2%
4.1%
4.8%
60.7%
30.3%


49.7%
49.3%

0.1%
97.2%
98.9%
4.0%



Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
8340
77.6%
12.4%
10.0%
4.4%
4.9%
54.6%
36.2%


51.1%
47.6%

0.1%
97.1%
98.2%
6.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-2
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
8280
0.420
40.2
26.3
35.2
30.8
0.0
0.0
284.0
3532
46.6
112.6
136
202
8.0
1.482
0.0560
83.6
5311
Car
Car SUV
1975
8281
0.001
13.1
10.1
12.6
11.1
851.4
699.4
798.5
4000


262
113

0.430
0.0282
26.5

Car
Car SUV
1976
8282
0.001
12.4
9.4
12.5
10.6
886.4
690.7
839.9
3986


263
123

0.467
0.0309
25.9

Car
Car SUV
1977
8283
0.001
14.3
11.2
13.6
12.2
768.4
633.2
730.7
4000


261
124

0.477
0.0311
29.5

Car
Car SUV
1978
8284
0.001
13.6
10.4
13.5
11.6
828.9
647.7
767.9
4000


262
126
14.2
0.481
0.0315
27.9

Car
Car SUV
1979
8285
0.001
16.8
13.9
14.8
14.3
604.1
577.2
622.9
3271


185
99
16.4
0.576
0.0300
27.8

Car
Car SUV
1980
8286
0.000
17.2
13.9
15.5
14.6
631.4
572.1
609.7
4000


280
122
16.1
0.436
0.0305
34.6

Car
Car SUV
1981
8287
0.000
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
647.9
553.4
605.4
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
34.5

Car
Car SUV
1982
8288
0.001
23.4
20.2
19.3
19.8
437.7
457.8
449.6
2630


159
88
17.3
0.557
0.0335
30.7

Car
Car SUV
1983
8289
0.003
24.3
19.5
22.4
20.7
454.4
388.3
429.6
3124


163
101
15.4
0.617
0.0325
38.4

Car
Car SUV
1984
8290
0.004
22.6
17.5
22.1
19.3
505.4
390.4
460.7
3487


179
109
15.2
0.615
0.0313
39.7

Car
Car SUV
1985
8291
0.006
23.5
17.6
24.2
20.1
502.8
366.3
442.6
3469


171
109
15.1
0.637
0.0314
40.8

Car
Car SUV
1986
8292
0.004
22.3
17.1
21.7
18.9
516.6
408.6
469.6
3479


170
121
13.5
0.713
0.0348
38.9

Car
Car SUV
1987
8293
0.006
22.9
17.1
23.1
19.4
517.6
384.6
457.5
3492


179
131
13.0
0.730
0.0374
40.0

Car
Car SUV
1988
8294
0.007
22.7
17.1
22.5
19.2
519.1
393.0
461.7
3495


199
142
12.4
0.719
0.0405
39.9

Car
Car SUV
1989
8295
0.007
22.7
17.1
22.1
19.1
519.8
402.0
465.0
3497


226
148
11.4
0.668
0.0422
39.8

Car
Car SUV
1990
8296
0.005
22.5
16.9
21.5
18.8
522.4
410.8
471.6
3518


209
146
10.9
0.714
0.0415
39.6

Car
Car SUV
1991
8297
0.018
21.8
16.4
20.5
18.2
534.3
427.9
488.1
3733


215
145
11.8
0.680
0.0385
40.7

Car
Car SUV
1992
8298
0.020
21.4
16.1
20.1
17.8
544.4
435.5
498.1
3713


210
153
11.1
0.734
0.0409
39.9

Car
Car SUV
1993
8299
0.036
20.4
15.0
19.6
17.0
582.1
448.2
521.9
3848


238
179
9.5
0.757
0.0462
39.5

Car
Car SUV
1994
8300
0.023
21.8
16.1
20.5
18.0
545.2
430.9
492.6
3735


209
163
9.9
0.791
0.0434
40.6

Car
Car SUV
1995
8301
0.015
21.5
15.7
20.5
17.8
556.2
429.9
498.9
3763


214
165
10.2
0.783
0.0436
40.6

Car
Car SUV
1996
8302
0.022
22.4
16.2
21.1
18.4
538.0
415.9
482.2
3710


215
167
10.3
0.802
0.0448
41.7

Car
Car SUV
1997
8303
0.025
23.5
17.1
21.7
19.2
507.7
402.6
462.0
3549


190
159
10.4
0.875
0.0446
41.9

Car
Car SUV
1998
8304
0.031
22.3
16.0
20.8
18.2
547.1
423.2
487.2
3824


218
168
10.6
0.802
0.0439
42.8

Car
Car SUV
1999
8305
0.032
22.7
16.3
21.0
18.5
538.3
420.2
480.1
3831


211
170
10.5
0.846
0.0442
43.7

Car
Car SUV
2000
8306
0.037
22.0
15.7
20.3
17.9
559.0
434.7
496.6
3870


211
174
10.0
0.857
0.0448
42.8

Car
Car SUV
2001
8307
0.048
23.3
16.4
21.4
18.8
531.6
410.3
471.9
3765


194
180
9.6
0.961
0.0477
44.2

Car
Car SUV
2002
8308
0.037
24.0
16.7
22.0
19.3
521.8
396.8
460.4
3747


183
179
9.8
1.003
0.0479
45.3

Car
Car SUV
2003
8309
0.036
24.8
17.2
22.7
19.9
509.6
386.2
446.3
3716


181
181
9.5
1.014
0.0486
46.4

Car
Car SUV
2004
8310
0.041
24.9
17.0
23.1
20.0
516.8
381.1
445.1
3854


191
198
9.2
1.039
0.0511
48.2

Car
Car SUV
2005
8311
0.051
25.4
17.3
23.2
20.2
508.4
380.8
439.6
3848


186
192
9.3
1.040
0.0498
49.0

Car
Car SUV
2006
8312
0.050
25.7
17.5
23.5
20.5
502.0
375.5
434.5
3876


184
192
9.4
1.051
0.0493
50.0

Car
Car SUV
2007
8313
0.060
25.9
17.6
23.8
20.6
499.0
371.4
430.6
3935


185
208
9.1
1.127
0.0524
51.2

Car
Car SUV
2008
8314
0.066
26.6
18.1
24.4
21.2
482.5
362.0
419.4
3902
46.2

179
204
9.2
1.141
0.0518
52.4

Car
Car SUV
2009
8315
0.065
27.8
18.8
25.3
22.0
463.4
348.9
403.2
3846
46.1

175
206
8.7
1.174
0.0534
53.9

Car
Car SUV
2010
8316
0.082
29.1
19.6
26.5
23.0
446.9
331.6
385.9
3949
46.9

172
213
8.7
1.240
0.0538
57.8

Car
Car SUV
2011
8317
0.100
29.9
20.0
27.1
23.5
439.3
325.6
378.0
3890
46.9

166
207
8.8
1.243
0.0530
58.4

Car
Car SUV
2012
8318
0.094
29.6
19.8
26.8
23.3
0.0
0.0
381.5
3915
46.8

167
211
8.7
1.260
0.0536
58.6

Car
Car SUV
2013
8319
0.100
31.1
20.7
28.1
24.3
0.0
0.0
365.0
3966
47.1

161
214
8.7
1.351
0.0534
62.1

Car
Car SUV
2014
8320
0.101
31.4
20.8
28.1
24.4
0.0
0.0
363.5
3865
46.5

154
204
8.8
1.347
0.0523
61.0

Car
Car SUV
2015
8321
0.102
32.3
21.5
28.8
25.1
0.0
0.0
353.5
3868
46.4

153
202
8.8
1.339
0.0519
62.9

Car
Car SUV
2016
8322
0.115
33.8
22.6
29.8
26.2
0.0
0.0
338.2
3782
46.1

142
194
8.9
1.372
0.0508
66.2

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-3
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
9454
72.9%
14.0%
13.1%
4.8%
7.3%
54.3%
33.6%


50.8%
44.7%

0.3%
94.4%
95.3%
7.6%



Car
Car SUV
1975



100.0%
68.3%
31.7%



100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1976



100.0%
69.1%
30.9%



100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1977



100.0%
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1978



100.0%
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1979



100.0%
37.7%
58.3%
3.9%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1980



100.0%
3.9%
9.4%
86.8%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1981



100.0%


100.0%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1982



100.0%
4.6%
86.5%
8.9%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1983



100.0%
19.3%
37.6%
43.2%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1984



100.0%
19.4%
15.8%
64.8%


100.0%










Car
Car SUV
1985



100.0%
15.9%

84.1%


94.7%


5.3%







Car
Car SUV
1986



100.0%
18.1%

81.9%


13.1%

0.0%
86.8%
0.0%






Car
Car SUV
1987



100.0%
14.3%

85.7%




32.8%
67.2%







Car
Car SUV
1988



100.0%
24.6%

75.4%




48.2%
51.8%







Car
Car SUV
1989



100.0%
27.4%

72.6%


1.4%

44.7%
53.9%







Car
Car SUV
1990



100.0%
35.1%
1.8%
63.0%


5.1%

63.3%
31.6%







Car
Car SUV
1991



100.0%
22.2%
0.1%
77.7%


0.8%

49.3%
49.9%







Car
Car SUV
1992



100.0%
24.6%

75.4%


1.2%

68.4%
30.3%







Car
Car SUV
1993



100.0%
10.9%

89.1%


0.7%

90.6%
8.7%







Car
Car SUV
1994

2.6%

97.4%
21.5%
7.6%
70.9%




92.1%
7.9%

11.5%





Car
Car SUV
1995

0.1%

99.9%
17.4%

82.6%




90.8%
9.2%

19.1%





Car
Car SUV
1996

6.3%

93.7%
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%


32.4%





Car
Car SUV
1997

20.3%

79.7%
23.2%
6.1%
70.7%




100.0%


54.6%





Car
Car SUV
1998

10.3%

89.7%
11.1%

88.9%




100.0%


29.2%





Car
Car SUV
1999

15.4%

84.6%
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%


38.4%
4.6%




Car
Car SUV
2000

12.7%

87.3%
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


34.0%
5.0%




Car
Car SUV
2001

37.1%

62.9%
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


43.1%
10.0%




Car
Car SUV
2002

55.5%

44.5%
7.5%

92.4%
0.1%



100.0%


70.3%
18.3%




Car
Car SUV
2003

65.9%

34.1%
7.2%

84.4%
8.5%



100.0%


68.1%
19.6%




Car
Car SUV
2004

72.9%
3.4%
23.7%
5.8%

87.9%
6.3%



100.0%


75.5%
37.9%




Car
Car SUV
2005

74.0%
14.5%
11.5%
3.7%

91.9%
4.5%



100.0%


67.5%
27.3%
0.5%



Car
Car SUV
2006

77.7%
8.6%
13.7%
3.1%

91.7%
5.2%



100.0%


86.8%
33.4%
1.1%



Car
Car SUV
2007

85.4%
4.7%
10.0%
1.6%

94.5%
3.9%



100.0%


82.7%
46.8%
1.6%



Car
Car SUV
2008

87.0%
5.3%
7.6%
0.7%

93.6%
5.7%


2.2%
97.8%


89.6%
56.4%
2.3%



Car
Car SUV
2009

92.2%
2.8%
5.0%
0.6%

85.9%
13.5%


1.3%
98.7%


94.1%
73.7%
2.7%



Car
Car SUV
2010

88.4%
8.9%
2.8%
0.2%

91.5%
8.3%


26.2%
73.8%


100.0%
99.9%
1.4%



Car
Car SUV
2011

88.8%
9.7%
1.5%
0.5%

91.5%
8.0%


27.6%
72.4%


100.0%
99.8%
0.6%



Car
Car SUV
2012

81.6%
14.5%
3.9%
0.4%

88.4%
11.2%


39.5%
60.4%


98.0%
98.0%
0.4%



Car
Car SUV
2013

90.6%
7.8%
1.6%
0.3%

89.8%
9.8%


47.8%
52.2%


99.9%
99.9%
0.3%



Car
Car SUV
2014

91.0%
7.7%
1.3%
0.7%

90.0%
9.4%


51.8%
48.1%


99.9%
99.9%
0.1%



Car
Car SUV
2015

90.5%
8.1%
1.4%
0.6%
0.0%
79.4%
20.1%


52.8%
47.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



Car
Car SUV
2016

85.4%
13.4%
1.2%
0.7%
3.9%
68.6%
26.8%


49.0%
50.0%


99.1%
99.1%
0.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-4
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Car
Car SUV
2017
8323
0.115
33.6
22.4
30.0
26.2
0.0
0.0
338.8
3855
46.5

138
198
8.9
1.453
0.0508
67.0

Car
Car SUV
2018
8324
0.097
34.8
23.3
30.1
26.8
0.0
0.0
331.4
3778
46.0

129
190
9.0
1.499
0.0498
68.1

Car
All
1975
8325
0.807
15.8
12.3
15.2
13.5
670.1
541.9
660.6
4057


288
136

0.515
0.0331
32.3

Car
All
1976
8326
0.789
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
610.1
502.2
598.1
4059


287
134

0.502
0.0324
35.5

Car
All
1977
8327
0.801
18.3
14.4
17.4
15.6
577.0
479.1
570.4
3944


279
133

0.516
0.0335
36.4

Car
All
1978
8328
0.775
19.9
15.5
19.1
16.9
537.0
441.0
525.2
3588


251
124
13.7
0.538
0.0342
35.9

Car
All
1979
8329
0.779
20.2
15.9
19.2
17.2
532.0
442.9
516.7
3485


238
119
14.5
0.545
0.0338
35.4

Car
All
1980
8330
0.835
23.5
18.3
22.6
20.0
466.8
380.4
446.3
3101


188
100
15.5
0.583
0.0322
36.6

Car
All
1981
8331
0.828
25.1
19.5
24.2
21.4
436.8
354.9
418.0
3076


182
99
15.6
0.594
0.0320
38.9

Car
All
1982
8332
0.805
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
423.6
336.6
402.5
3053


175
99
16.6
0.609
0.0320
40.1

Car
All
1983
8333
0.780
25.9
19.9
25.5
22.1
422.1
335.5
403.4
3112


182
104
14.8
0.615
0.0330
40.7

Car
All
1984
8334
0.765
26.3
20.2
25.9
22.4
419.3
330.7
397.0
3101


179
106
14.5
0.637
0.0338
41.1

Car
All
1985
8335
0.752
26.9
20.6
26.7
23.0
411.7
322.5
387.0
3096


177
111
13.9
0.671
0.0354
41.9

Car
All
1986
8336
0.721
27.9
21.2
27.6
23.7
402.7
314.2
375.2
3043


167
111
13.2
0.701
0.0360
42.6

Car
All
1987
8337
0.728
28.0
21.2
27.7
23.8
404.0
313.8
374.2
3035


162
113
13.3
0.732
0.0365
42.7

Car
All
1988
8338
0.709
28.5
21.4
28.1
24.1
400.0
309.5
369.0
3051


161
116
13.3
0.758
0.0375
43.7

Car
All
1989
8339
0.701
28.1
20.8
27.8
23.6
412.2
314.2
375.8
3104


163
121
12.5
0.782
0.0387
43.7

Car
All
1990
8340
0.704
27.7
20.4
27.4
23.3
422.0
318.8
381.5
3178


163
129
11.4
0.829
0.0401
44.2

Car
All
1991
8341
0.696
27.8
20.4
27.4
23.3
421.6
318.1
382.2
3168


164
133
11.3
0.847
0.0413
44.2

Car
All
1992
8342
0.686
27.4
19.8
27.2
22.9
432.8
320.2
388.5
3254


171
141
10.8
0.864
0.0427
44.7

Car
All
1993
8343
0.676
27.6
19.9
27.3
23.0
430.6
318.4
386.4
3241


170
140
10.1
0.859
0.0427
45.1

Car
All
1994
8344
0.619
27.7
19.8
27.4
23.0
433.7
318.1
386.1
3268


169
144
9.9
0.880
0.0432
45.5

Car
All
1995
8345
0.635
28.1
19.8
27.9
23.3
433.7
313.1
381.9
3274


168
153
9.8
0.941
0.0460
46.2

Car
All
1996
8346
0.622
28.0
19.7
27.6
23.1
439.3
316.2
384.4
3297


167
155
10.1
0.952
0.0463
46.4

Car
All
1997
8347
0.601
28.2
19.7
27.6
23.2
439.9
316.4
383.7
3285


165
156
10.0
0.970
0.0468
46.5

Car
All
1998
8348
0.583
28.1
19.5
27.5
23.0
444.7
318.3
386.1
3334


167
160
10.2
0.983
0.0473
47.1

Car
All
1999
8349
0.583
27.8
19.2
27.0
22.7
453.7
324.0
391.5
3390


168
164
10.1
1.000
0.0479
47.3

Car
All
2000
8350
0.588
27.7
19.0
26.7
22.5
457.4
327.6
394.8
3401


168
168
9.5
1.021
0.0489
47.3

Car
All
2001
8351
0.586
27.9
19.1
26.7
22.6
453.3
326.2
392.7
3411


167
169
9.4
1.035
0.0491
48.0

Car
All
2002
8352
0.552
28.3
19.2
26.8
22.8
452.0
326.1
390.2
3415


167
173
9.4
1.061
0.0502
48.6

Car
All
2003
8353
0.539
28.7
19.3
27.1
23.0
449.1
322.4
386.3
3437


166
176
9.1
1.082
0.0508
49.7

Car
All
2004
8354
0.520
28.5
19.1
27.0
22.9
453.0
323.1
388.9
3492


170
184
9.0
1.101
0.0520
50.3

Car
All
2005
8355
0.556
29.1
19.4
27.2
23.1
442.7
320.5
384.1
3498


168
183
9.0
1.108
0.0516
51.5

Car
All
2006
8356
0.579
28.9
19.2
27.1
23.0
446.9
321.3
386.2
3563


173
194
8.8
1.138
0.0536
52.2

Car
All
2007
8357
0.589
29.8
19.8
27.8
23.7
428.4
312.3
375.0
3551


167
191
8.9
1.154
0.0530
53.9

Car
All
2008
8358
0.593
30.1
20.0
28.0
23.9
424.3
309.9
372.2
3569
45.3

166
194
8.9
1.174
0.0534
54.6

Car
All
2009
8359
0.670
31.6
21.0
29.2
25.0
406.9
298.7
356.1
3502
45.0

157
186
8.9
1.189
0.0522
56.3

Car
All
2010
8360
0.628
32.6
21.7
29.9
25.7
0.0
0.0
346.1
3536
45.4

158
190
8.8
1.203
0.0528
59.6

Car
All
2011
8361
0.578
32.3
21.3
29.6
25.4
0.0
0.0
350.3
3617
46.0

160
200
8.6
1.250
0.0544
60.0

Car
All
2012
8362
0.644
34.4
22.7
31.2
26.9
0.0
0.0
330.9
3519
45.7

150
192
8.6
1.276
0.0536
62.6

Car
All
2013
8363
0.641
35.5
23.4
32.1
27.7
0.0
0.0
321.2
3543
45.9

147
197
8.5
1.345
0.0546
65.7

Car
All
2014
8364
0.593
35.6
23.4
32.0
27.6
0.0
0.0
321.7
3559
46.1

148
198
8.4
1.352
0.0546
66.0

Car
All
2015
8365
0.574
36.5
23.9
32.7
28.2
0.0
0.0
314.3
3556
46.1

146
197
8.4
1.356
0.0544
68.0

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-5
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Car
Car SUV
2017

87.8%
10.2%
2.0%
0.2%
4.0%
79.4%
16.4%


57.2%
41.9%


99.1%
99.1%
0.1%



Car
Car SUV
2018

90.8%
7.7%
1.5%
0.4%
2.7%
79.1%
17.8%


55.3%
42.5%

1.2%
99.1%
97.8%
0.4%



Car
All
1975

6.5%

93.5%
19.7%
80.0%
0.3%


94.6%

5.1%

0.2%






Car
All
1976

5.8%

94.2%
17.2%
82.8%



96.6%

3.2%

0.3%






Car
All
1977

6.8%

93.2%
16.9%
83.1%



95.3%

4.2%

0.5%






Car
All
1978

9.6%

90.4%
19.9%
73.0%
7.1%


94.0%

5.1%

0.9%






Car
All
1979

11.9%
0.3%
87.8%
21.1%
69.6%
8.8%

0.5%
93.2%

4.7%

2.1%






Car
All
1980

29.7%
0.9%
69.4%
30.9%
51.6%
16.8%

0.6%
88.7%

6.2%
0.7%
4.4%






Car
All
1981

37.0%
0.7%
62.2%
29.9%
36.2%
33.3%

0.6%
85.3%

6.1%
2.6%
5.9%






Car
All
1982

45.6%
0.8%
53.6%
29.2%
19.1%
51.3%

0.5%
78.4%

7.2%
9.8%
4.7%






Car
All
1983

47.1%
3.1%
49.9%
26.0%
16.8%
56.7%

0.5%
69.7%

9.4%
18.8%
2.1%






Car
All
1984

53.5%
1.0%
45.5%
24.1%
17.5%
58.3%

0.0%
59.1%

14.9%
24.3%
1.7%






Car
All
1985

61.1%
2.1%
36.8%
22.8%
18.4%
58.9%


46.0%

21.3%
31.8%
0.9%






Car
All
1986

70.7%
1.0%
28.2%
24.7%
17.1%
58.1%


34.4%

36.5%
28.7%
0.3%
4.7%





Car
All
1987

76.4%
1.1%
22.6%
24.8%
15.5%
59.7%


26.5%

42.4%
30.8%
0.2%
14.6%





Car
All
1988

80.9%
0.8%
18.3%
24.3%
9.5%
66.2%


16.1%

53.7%
30.2%
0.0%
19.7%





Car
All
1989

81.6%
1.0%
17.4%
21.1%
9.5%
69.3%
0.1%

9.6%

62.2%
28.1%
0.0%
24.1%





Car
All
1990

84.0%
1.0%
15.0%
19.8%
7.4%
72.8%
0.0%

1.4%

77.4%
21.2%
0.0%
32.8%
0.6%




Car
All
1991

81.1%
1.3%
17.5%
20.6%
5.7%
73.7%
0.0%

0.1%

77.2%
22.6%
0.1%
33.2%
2.4%




Car
All
1992

78.4%
1.1%
20.5%
17.6%
6.0%
76.4%
0.0%

0.0%

88.9%
11.0%
0.1%
34.0%
4.4%




Car
All
1993

80.6%
1.1%
18.3%
17.5%
4.9%
77.6%
0.0%

0.0%

91.5%
8.5%

34.8%
4.5%




Car
All
1994

81.3%
0.4%
18.3%
16.9%
4.1%
78.9%




94.8%
5.2%
0.0%
39.9%
7.7%




Car
All
1995

80.1%
1.1%
18.8%
16.3%
1.8%
81.9%




98.6%
1.3%
0.1%
51.4%
9.6%




Car
All
1996

83.7%
1.4%
14.8%
14.9%
1.5%
83.6%
0.0%



98.8%
1.1%
0.1%
56.4%
11.3%




Car
All
1997

83.8%
1.7%
14.5%
13.9%
0.8%
85.2%
0.1%



99.2%
0.8%
0.1%
58.4%
10.8%




Car
All
1998

82.9%
2.1%
15.0%
12.2%
0.3%
87.4%
0.1%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
59.6%
17.4%




Car
All
1999

83.2%
2.1%
14.7%
10.8%
0.6%
88.6%
0.0%



99.8%
0.1%
0.2%
63.2%
16.4%




Car
All
2000

80.4%
2.0%
17.7%
10.8%
1.0%
88.1%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
63.2%
22.2%
0.1%



Car
All
2001

80.3%
3.0%
16.7%
11.0%
0.8%
88.0%
0.2%



99.8%

0.2%
65.3%
26.9%
0.2%



Car
All
2002

82.9%
3.6%
13.5%
10.9%
0.2%
88.4%
0.4%



99.6%

0.4%
69.9%
32.8%
0.3%



Car
All
2003

80.9%
3.2%
15.9%
10.9%

87.7%
1.4%



99.7%

0.3%
73.4%
39.8%
0.6%



Car
All
2004

80.2%
5.3%
14.5%
9.8%
0.2%
88.2%
1.7%



99.7%

0.3%
77.1%
43.7%
0.9%



Car
All
2005

79.2%
6.6%
14.2%
8.8%
0.1%
88.4%
2.8%



99.6%

0.4%
77.2%
49.4%
1.9%



Car
All
2006

75.9%
6.0%
18.0%
8.8%
0.1%
88.4%
2.7%



99.4%

0.6%
81.3%
58.2%
1.5%



Car
All
2007

81.0%
5.6%
13.4%
7.8%
0.0%
82.5%
9.7%


0.3%
99.7%

0.0%
84.6%
63.3%
3.2%



Car
All
2008

78.8%
7.1%
14.1%
7.2%
0.3%
81.7%
10.8%


3.1%
96.9%

0.1%
88.0%
62.7%
3.3%



Car
All
2009

83.5%
6.3%
10.2%
6.2%
0.3%
82.4%
11.1%


4.2%
95.2%

0.6%
92.2%
79.1%
2.9%



Car
All
2010

82.5%
6.3%
11.2%
5.0%
1.6%
79.4%
14.0%


9.2%
89.9%

0.9%
93.8%
91.8%
5.6%



Car
All
2011

80.1%
8.6%
11.3%
4.6%
0.5%
83.0%
12.0%


18.4%
80.6%

0.9%
94.5%
94.8%
3.4%



Car
All
2012

83.8%
7.5%
8.8%
4.9%
1.8%
78.4%
15.0%


27.4%
71.3%

1.0%
98.0%
97.5%
5.1%



Car
All
2013

83.0%
7.7%
9.3%
4.8%
2.2%
75.0%
18.1%


37.3%
61.1%

1.1%
98.0%
97.6%
5.9%



Car
All
2014

81.3%
8.2%
10.6%
4.0%
2.7%
68.4%
25.0%


42.7%
55.5%

1.3%
97.6%
97.3%
4.8%



Car
All
2015

80.4%
9.9%
9.7%
3.9%
2.3%
63.9%
29.9%


44.0%
54.3%

0.8%
97.6%
97.6%
4.4%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-6
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Car
All
2016
8366
0.553
36.9
24.2
33.0
28.5
0.0
0.0
310.5
3533
46.1

142
196
8.4
1.396
0.0546
68.6

Car
All
2017
8367
0.525
37.6
24.8
33.8
29.2
0.0
0.0
302.9
3555
46.2

138
194
8.4
1.420
0.0536
72.6

Car
All
2018
8368
0.517
39.1
25.7
34.1
29.9
0.0
0.0
292.9
3578
46.5

135
200
8.2
1.485
0.0549
80.7

Truck
Van
1975
8369
0.045
13.1
10.6
11.9
11.1
819.3
717.6
800.2
4196


318
143

0.448
0.0341
28.1

Truck
Van
1976
8370
0.041
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
783.1
675.3
754.2
4200


324
146

0.447
0.0347
29.7

Truck
Van
1977
8371
0.036
14.7
11.9
13.3
12.5
729.6
653.9
710.2
4252


332
152

0.458
0.0359
31.7

Truck
Van
1978
8372
0.043
14.2
11.6
12.7
12.1
746.7
680.9
735.7
4250


329
149
13.4
0.453
0.0351
30.8

Truck
Van
1979
8373
0.035
13.5
11.1
12.1
11.5
780.3
716.8
773.8
4541


322
144
15.5
0.451
0.0317
31.3

Truck
Van
1980
8374
0.021
16.6
13.3
15.4
14.1
658.2
566.3
628.7
4353


288
131
16.5
0.459
0.0299
36.4

Truck
Van
1981
8375
0.023
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
628.1
546.2
598.8
4324


284
129
16.5
0.458
0.0298
38.0

Truck
Van
1982
8376
0.032
17.3
13.9
15.9
14.7
629.4
551.8
604.5
4342


287
132
17.6
0.463
0.0303
38.0

Truck
Van
1983
8377
0.037
17.7
14.1
16.5
15.1
626.2
531.9
592.6
4414


294
136
15.7
0.466
0.0307
39.7

Truck
Van
1984
8378
0.048
18.9
15.0
17.7
16.1
567.7
480.4
552.2
4075


249
126
15.9
0.538
0.0307
39.3

Truck
Van
1985
8379
0.059
19.5
15.5
18.1
16.5
552.1
469.7
537.3
3975


236
129
15.3
0.578
0.0322
39.3

Truck
Van
1986
8380
0.068
20.6
16.1
19.4
17.5
536.4
444.7
509.0
3998


228
127
14.7
0.588
0.0317
41.5

Truck
Van
1987
8381
0.075
20.9
16.2
19.8
17.7
536.4
436.6
503.3
3972


226
142
13.9
0.657
0.0356
41.7

Truck
Van
1988
8382
0.074
21.2
16.2
20.3
17.9
539.6
427.1
497.2
4053


229
147
13.9
0.671
0.0363
43.2

Truck
Van
1989
8383
0.088
21.1
16.1
20.2
17.8
542.4
430.0
499.4
4057


225
146
13.4
0.680
0.0360
43.2

Truck
Van
1990
8384
0.100
21.2
16.0
20.4
17.8
546.4
426.0
498.1
4095


225
149
12.5
0.682
0.0363
43.8

Truck
Van
1991
8385
0.082
21.4
16.0
20.5
17.9
546.4
428.1
496.2
4133


220
149
12.7
0.701
0.0359
44.5

Truck
Van
1992
8386
0.100
21.5
15.9
20.5
17.9
548.0
425.8
495.9
4151


222
152
12.2
0.705
0.0366
44.8

Truck
Van
1993
8387
0.109
21.9
16.0
21.0
18.2
547.0
416.0
488.2
4105


218
155
11.2
0.730
0.0378
45.0

Truck
Van
1994
8388
0.100
21.5
15.7
20.5
17.8
557.4
425.7
498.2
4156


226
159
11.0
0.721
0.0384
44.9

Truck
Van
1995
8389
0.110
21.8
15.8
21.0
18.1
556.3
416.2
491.6
4110


231
159
11.2
0.708
0.0387
45.0

Truck
Van
1996
8390
0.107
22.2
15.9
21.4
18.3
551.7
409.9
484.6
4195


220
171
11.3
0.790
0.0408
46.8

Truck
Van
1997
8391
0.088
22.1
15.7
21.2
18.2
559.5
415.2
489.0
4240


220
174
11.2
0.802
0.0410
46.9

Truck
Van
1998
8392
0.103
22.7
16.0
22.0
18.7
550.4
400.6
475.3
4183


217
180
11.1
0.840
0.0431
47.7

Truck
Van
1999
8393
0.096
22.3
15.6
21.5
18.3
564.5
408.1
486.2
4306


223
183
11.1
0.832
0.0424
48.1

Truck
Van
2000
8394
0.102
22.8
15.9
21.8
18.6
556.2
402.2
477.6
4276


217
183
10.6
0.858
0.0428
48.9

Truck
Van
2001
8395
0.079
22.1
15.3
21.1
18.0
568.7
411.6
492.5
4518


229
202
10.1
0.897
0.0447
50.3

Truck
Van
2002
8396
0.077
23.1
15.9
21.9
18.7
554.5
400.3
475.2
4394


218
199
10.1
0.929
0.0455
50.9

Truck
Van
2003
8397
0.078
23.5
16.0
22.2
19.0
549.7
394.4
468.2
4393


219
202
10.0
0.929
0.0459
51.7

Truck
Van
2004
8398
0.061
23.7
16.0
22.7
19.2
553.4
388.3
463.8
4487


219
214
9.7
0.988
0.0477
53.4

Truck
Van
2005
8399
0.093
24.0
16.1
22.8
19.3
550.2
387.8
460.4
4430


216
209
9.7
0.976
0.0472
53.2

Truck
Van
2006
8400
0.077
24.3
16.2
23.1
19.5
545.9
382.0
455.0
4475


216
211
9.7
0.984
0.0472
54.4

Truck
Van
2007
8401
0.055
24.2
16.1
23.1
19.5
548.6
382.9
455.8
4479


219
225
9.4
1.034
0.0503
54.3

Truck
Van
2008
8402
0.057
24.6
16.4
23.5
19.8
538.7
376.8
448.4
4527
54.1

220
221
9.6
1.010
0.0488
55.9

Truck
Van
2009
8403
0.040
25.0
16.7
23.7
20.1
529.7
372.7
442.9
4572
54.5

215
220
9.4
1.033
0.0482
57.2

Truck
Van
2010
8404
0.050
25.0
16.7
23.7
20.1
526.3
372.9
441.7
4533
54.2

214
212
9.7
1.001
0.0467
56.8

Truck
Van
2011
8405
0.043
26.3
17.6
24.5
20.9
502.6
359.9
424.2
4502
55.4

212
259
8.4
1.224
0.0574
59.2

Truck
Van
2012
8406
0.049
26.6
17.7
25.1
21.3
497.6
352.2
417.8
4442
54.8

210
254
8.5
1.211
0.0570
59.3

Truck
Van
2013
8407
0.038
26.3
17.5
24.8
21.1
502.9
355.6
422.0
4543
54.8

209
257
8.5
1.228
0.0563
59.8

Truck
Van
2014
8408
0.043
26.6
17.7
25.0
21.3
496.9
352.4
417.8
4489
55.1

213
260
8.3
1.224
0.0579
60.0

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-7
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Car
All
2016

79.8%
11.0%
9.1%
3.4%
4.7%
62.4%
29.6%


49.6%
49.5%

0.1%
97.6%
99.0%
3.2%



Car
All
2017

79.8%
11.9%
8.3%
3.5%
4.7%
60.1%
31.8%


52.4%
46.3%

0.1%
97.5%
98.4%
4.7%



Car
All
2018

76.3%
12.8%
10.9%
4.0%
6.4%
59.0%
30.6%


51.7%
44.3%

0.5%
95.3%
95.7%
6.2%



Truck
Van
1975



100.0%
23.3%
76.7%



99.8%


0.2%







Truck
Van
1976



100.0%
20.5%
79.5%



99.7%


0.3%







Truck
Van
1977



100.0%
14.3%
85.7%



99.6%


0.4%







Truck
Van
1978



100.0%
13.0%
87.0%



99.6%


0.4%







Truck
Van
1979



100.0%
14.8%
78.4%
6.8%


98.2%


1.8%







Truck
Van
1980



100.0%
26.0%
35.0%
39.0%


93.5%


6.5%







Truck
Van
1981

0.3%

99.7%
21.9%
31.4%
46.6%


95.4%


4.6%







Truck
Van
1982



100.0%
15.7%
38.5%
45.8%


95.2%


3.0%
1.8%






Truck
Van
1983

0.2%

99.8%
12.0%
28.6%
59.3%


92.0%


3.5%
4.5%






Truck
Van
1984

22.3%

77.7%
15.5%
39.0%
45.6%

0.0%
89.0%

6.6%
3.1%
1.2%






Truck
Van
1985

30.4%
0.3%
69.3%
10.0%
42.7%
47.4%


90.4%

6.3%
2.9%
0.3%






Truck
Van
1986

24.4%
1.3%
74.3%
8.5%
31.4%
60.1%


61.5%

21.8%
16.3%
0.4%






Truck
Van
1987

27.5%
1.9%
70.5%
6.4%
25.7%
67.6%

0.2%
23.9%

45.8%
30.2%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1988

36.3%
0.8%
63.0%
3.7%
17.6%
78.7%


0.2%

56.9%
42.8%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1989

34.4%
0.7%
64.9%
2.9%
20.5%
76.5%

0.0%


58.1%
41.8%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1990

46.8%
6.6%
46.7%
1.8%
4.7%
93.5%

0.0%


58.1%
41.9%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1991

38.2%
10.9%
50.9%
1.4%
2.1%
96.5%




63.3%
36.6%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1992

45.4%
5.5%
49.1%
1.6%
2.0%
96.4%




71.9%
28.1%
0.1%






Truck
Van
1993

49.8%
4.5%
45.6%
1.2%
1.7%
97.2%




79.0%
21.0%







Truck
Van
1994

52.3%
6.4%
41.3%
0.5%
2.1%
97.4%




81.2%
18.8%

3.5%





Truck
Van
1995

61.3%
9.1%
29.6%
0.1%
1.6%
98.2%




87.4%
12.6%

4.5%





Truck
Van
1996

73.8%
2.3%
23.9%
0.0%
1.6%
98.4%




100.0%


5.7%





Truck
Van
1997

64.8%
4.7%
30.6%

0.4%
99.6%




100.0%


6.3%





Truck
Van
1998

78.3%
3.2%
18.4%


100.0%




100.0%


10.4%





Truck
Van
1999

76.0%
2.7%
21.3%


100.0%




100.0%


12.5%
8.2%




Truck
Van
2000

80.6%
2.7%
16.7%


100.0%




100.0%


21.6%
15.0%




Truck
Van
2001

69.3%
8.7%
22.1%


100.0%




100.0%


22.6%
17.0%




Truck
Van
2002

84.3%
3.0%
12.6%


100.0%




100.0%


28.4%
20.9%




Truck
Van
2003

83.5%
5.0%
11.4%


100.0%




100.0%


25.8%
19.6%




Truck
Van
2004

86.6%
4.9%
8.5%


100.0%




100.0%


52.3%
46.1%




Truck
Van
2005

89.2%
5.5%
5.4%


94.9%
5.1%



100.0%


38.0%
25.0%




Truck
Van
2006

89.8%
4.5%
5.7%


95.3%
4.7%



100.0%


46.8%
36.4%




Truck
Van
2007

93.8%
2.9%
3.3%


95.5%
4.5%



100.0%


53.1%
48.7%




Truck
Van
2008

92.9%
4.0%
3.1%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


52.8%
48.1%




Truck
Van
2009

94.1%
2.5%
3.4%
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


58.9%
47.1%




Truck
Van
2010

96.3%
1.6%
2.1%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


51.8%
37.7%




Truck
Van
2011

91.4%
5.6%
2.9%


96.9%
3.1%



100.0%


96.6%
92.5%




Truck
Van
2012

93.4%
3.1%
3.5%
0.2%

96.6%
3.2%



100.0%


96.0%
91.7%




Truck
Van
2013

93.1%
4.1%
2.8%
0.1%

96.9%
3.0%



100.0%


96.6%
90.3%




Truck
Van
2014

93.3%
3.8%
2.9%
0.1%

97.1%
2.8%


0.3%
99.7%


96.5%
97.8%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-8
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Truck
Van
2015
8409
0.039
27.4
18.3
25.4
21.8
480.7
347.7
408.0
4416
54.6

203
250
8.5
1.229
0.0563
60.7

Truck
Van
2016
8410
0.039
27.2
18.1
25.5
21.7
488.5
347.2
410.3
4459
55.2

206
256
8.3
1.246
0.0573
60.7

Truck
Van
2017
8411
0.036
28.0
18.4
26.4
22.2
468.3
333.8
399.4
4503
55.7

206
268
7.9
1.296
0.0591
64.0

Truck
Van
2018
8412
0.033
29.0
19.2
26.8
22.9
392.3
323.8
385.8
4485
55.1

201
262
7.8
1.295
0.0581
67.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1975
8413
0.017
13.0
10.6
11.5
11.0
814.4
735.6
806.4
4214


332
148

0.443
0.0361
27.2

Truck
Truck SUV
1976
8414
0.019
13.9
11.2
12.5
11.8
775.8
695.3
755.1
4328


339
142

0.415
0.0333
29.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1977
8415
0.019
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
712.9
637.6
691.8
4248


337
145

0.428
0.0345
32.0

Truck
Truck SUV
1978
8416
0.025
14.5
11.6
13.2
12.3
749.4
662.3
723.3
4282


342
150
13.2
0.435
0.0353
30.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1979
8417
0.028
12.4
10.3
10.8
10.5
835.2
793.5
844.0
4561


337
145
14.8
0.433
0.0323
28.3

Truck
Truck SUV
1980
8418
0.016
15.5
12.5
14.1
13.2
687.6
612.7
675.6
4237


295
131
15.7
0.453
0.0307
32.9

Truck
Truck SUV
1981
8419
0.013
16.8
13.4
15.5
14.3
641.4
556.1
621.4
4208


290
132
15.4
0.460
0.0315
35.4

Truck
Truck SUV
1982
8420
0.015
17.3
13.7
16.2
14.7
645.2
542.2
616.0
4494


305
133
16.8
0.444
0.0300
39.9

Truck
Truck SUV
1983
8421
0.025
18.5
14.5
17.7
15.8
600.2
487.0
567.8
4270


265
127
15.5
0.507
0.0300
40.3

Truck
Truck SUV
1984
8422
0.041
19.0
14.9
18.0
16.2
575.2
473.7
550.6
4049


231
122
15.6
0.554
0.0300
39.0

Truck
Truck SUV
1985
8423
0.045
19.4
15.1
18.7
16.5
571.2
456.3
538.5
4092


222
123
15.4
0.583
0.0299
40.2

Truck
Truck SUV
1986
8424
0.046
20.1
15.6
19.1
17.0
546.5
452.1
522.7
3958


210
128
14.0
0.653
0.0323
40.0

Truck
Truck SUV
1987
8425
0.052
20.4
15.8
19.5
17.3
539.3
440.1
514.8
3882


212
137
13.5
0.680
0.0353
39.7

Truck
Truck SUV
1988
8426
0.056
20.2
15.5
19.2
17.0
547.9
447.6
522.3
3906


222
144
13.3
0.682
0.0369
39.4

Truck
Truck SUV
1989
8427
0.057
19.7
15.0
18.6
16.6
571.7
464.6
537.1
4086


244
156
12.4
0.665
0.0384
40.3

Truck
Truck SUV
1990
8428
0.051
19.6
14.8
18.6
16.4
578.8
466.5
540.9
4098


235
155
11.7
0.694
0.0381
40.1

Truck
Truck SUV
1991
8429
0.069
20.0
15.0
19.1
16.7
582.7
460.2
531.2
4157


233
162
11.6
0.709
0.0391
41.6

Truck
Truck SUV
1992
8430
0.062
19.4
14.5
18.5
16.2
603.0
474.0
548.5
4204


235
170
11.0
0.738
0.0408
40.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1993
8431
0.063
19.6
14.5
18.6
16.3
600.7
471.3
545.5
4331


244
179
10.1
0.753
0.0419
42.3

Truck
Truck SUV
1994
8432
0.091
19.3
14.3
18.2
16.0
613.1
481.8
555.2
4331


245
180
10.1
0.756
0.0420
41.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1995
8433
0.105
19.3
14.2
18.2
16.0
615.6
481.9
555.5
4323


245
177
10.4
0.751
0.0414
41.8

Truck
Truck SUV
1996
8434
0.122
19.6
14.2
18.7
16.2
616.2
470.1
547.7
4386


259
189
10.5
0.744
0.0432
43.1

Truck
Truck SUV
1997
8435
0.145
19.6
14.2
18.4
16.1
616.3
478.3
550.9
4463


255
190
10.5
0.765
0.0427
43.7

Truck
Truck SUV
1998
8436
0.147
19.7
14.1
18.5
16.2
616.5
472.7
549.9
4450


252
192
10.7
0.786
0.0432
43.9

Truck
Truck SUV
1999
8437
0.154
19.6
14.1
18.4
16.1
618.0
478.4
552.9
4518


253
204
10.4
0.837
0.0452
44.4

Truck
Truck SUV
2000
8438
0.152
19.6
14.0
18.2
16.0
622.4
481.9
555.2
4602


253
206
10.0
0.839
0.0449
45.2

Truck
Truck SUV
2001
8439
0.173
20.2
14.4
18.6
16.4
606.0
470.3
541.4
4546


239
213
9.6
0.920
0.0469
46.0

Truck
Truck SUV
2002
8440
0.223
20.1
14.1
18.7
16.3
619.2
470.1
544.9
4636


245
229
9.4
0.952
0.0493
46.6

Truck
Truck SUV
2003
8441
0.226
20.3
14.1
18.8
16.4
616.1
464.5
541.1
4754


247
233
9.3
0.967
0.0492
48.2

Truck
Truck SUV
2004
8442
0.259
20.4
14.1
19.0
16.5
620.0
461.8
539.5
4756


252
240
9.1
0.973
0.0505
48.5

Truck
Truck SUV
2005
8443
0.206
20.8
14.3
19.2
16.7
609.7
456.1
531.2
4756


244
244
8.9
1.018
0.0512
49.6

Truck
Truck SUV
2006
8444
0.199
21.4
14.7
19.7
17.2
587.8
444.9
518.0
4715


236
240
9.0
1.028
0.0507
50.9

Truck
Truck SUV
2007
8445
0.217
22.0
15.1
20.3
17.7
576.0
431.4
502.9
4797


240
252
8.9
1.068
0.0523
53.1

Truck
Truck SUV
2008
8446
0.221
22.7
15.5
20.9
18.2
557.5
419.1
488.9
4727
48.7

230
250
8.9
1.105
0.0525
54.0

Truck
Truck SUV
2009
8447
0.184
24.1
16.4
22.2
19.3
529.2
395.4
461.4
4548
48.6

211
244
8.7
1.170
0.0532
55.1

Truck
Truck SUV
2010
8448
0.207
24.7
16.8
22.6
19.7
515.3
387.0
451.9
4555
48.3

212
243
8.7
1.163
0.0531
56.6

Truck
Truck SUV
2011
8449
0.255
24.9
16.9
22.8
19.8
513.1
384.6
448.8
4665
49.7

217
257
8.5
1.203
0.0547
58.2

Truck
Truck SUV
2012
8450
0.206
25.1
17.1
23.0
20.0
509.7
380.8
444.9
4640
49.7

215
261
8.4
1.232
0.0558
58.5

Truck
Truck SUV
2013
8451
0.218
26.3
17.8
23.9
20.8
486.2
364.6
427.1
4584
49.7

205
257
8.4
1.284
0.0555
60.6

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-9
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Truck
Van
2015

94.1%
4.6%
1.3%


91.9%
8.1%


4.9%
95.1%


99.6%
100.0%




Truck
Van
2016

94.8%
2.4%
2.8%


97.1%
2.9%


9.9%
90.1%


99.9%
100.0%




Truck
Van
2017

92.5%
5.4%
2.1%


93.7%
6.3%


6.9%
93.1%


99.8%
100.0%
0.5%



Truck
Van
2018

93.9%
3.6%
2.5%


91.0%
9.0%


38.2%
61.8%


100.0%
100.0%
3.2%



Truck
Truck SUV
1975


88.9%
11.1%
39.8%
60.2%



100.0%










Truck
Truck SUV
1976


89.5%
10.5%
32.2%
67.8%



100.0%










Truck
Truck SUV
1977


88.4%
11.6%
32.6%
67.4%



100.0%










Truck
Truck SUV
1978


92.4%
7.6%
32.1%
67.9%



100.0%










Truck
Truck SUV
1979


72.2%
27.8%
33.1%
66.5%
0.4%


99.8%



0.2%






Truck
Truck SUV
1980


88.9%
11.1%
43.6%
30.3%
26.1%


97.7%



2.3%






Truck
Truck SUV
1981


90.5%
9.5%
41.0%
17.9%
41.1%


100.0%










Truck
Truck SUV
1982


86.2%
13.8%
31.9%
23.1%
45.0%


83.4%



16.6%






Truck
Truck SUV
1983


91.3%
8.7%
33.7%
13.6%
52.3%

0.4%
92.4%



7.6%






Truck
Truck SUV
1984


93.3%
6.7%
30.3%
28.9%
40.8%


97.5%



2.5%






Truck
Truck SUV
1985


91.3%
8.7%
29.5%
13.6%
56.9%


92.9%

4.4%
1.0%
1.7%






Truck
Truck SUV
1986


93.3%
6.7%
38.9%
7.5%
53.6%


51.8%

25.9%
20.6%
1.7%






Truck
Truck SUV
1987


94.1%
5.9%
39.6%
9.4%
51.0%


27.8%

33.1%
38.7%
0.5%






Truck
Truck SUV
1988


94.3%
5.7%
34.5%
8.0%
57.5%


17.6%

47.3%
34.8%
0.3%






Truck
Truck SUV
1989


93.5%
6.5%
26.0%
8.5%
65.6%


6.9%

46.3%
46.5%
0.3%






Truck
Truck SUV
1990


92.5%
7.5%
29.1%
4.1%
66.8%


5.2%

56.7%
37.8%
0.3%






Truck
Truck SUV
1991


96.3%
3.7%
21.8%
1.7%
76.5%


0.4%

62.2%
37.2%
0.2%






Truck
Truck SUV
1992


95.4%
4.6%
21.7%
0.9%
77.4%




74.5%
25.5%







Truck
Truck SUV
1993


93.1%
6.9%
19.1%
0.9%
79.9%




83.0%
17.0%







Truck
Truck SUV
1994


95.7%
4.3%
15.2%

84.8%




84.7%
15.3%

13.4%





Truck
Truck SUV
1995


90.1%
9.9%
15.0%

85.0%




84.9%
15.1%

15.1%





Truck
Truck SUV
1996


83.8%
16.2%
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%

0.0%
13.5%





Truck
Truck SUV
1997


81.9%
18.1%
9.7%

90.3%




100.0%

0.0%
19.1%





Truck
Truck SUV
1998


86.2%
13.8%
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%

0.0%
22.0%





Truck
Truck SUV
1999


79.4%
20.6%
5.9%

94.1%




100.0%


26.4%
2.9%




Truck
Truck SUV
2000


83.5%
16.5%
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


22.7%
2.5%




Truck
Truck SUV
2001

7.4%
76.5%
16.1%
3.8%

96.2%




100.0%


39.6%
14.4%




Truck
Truck SUV
2002

1.7%
74.5%
23.9%
3.2%

96.7%
0.0%



100.0%


44.2%
25.0%




Truck
Truck SUV
2003

2.6%
73.7%
23.7%
2.2%

96.5%
1.3%



100.0%


51.6%
33.4%




Truck
Truck SUV
2004

2.8%
74.8%
22.4%
2.2%

96.7%
1.0%



100.0%

0.0%
53.2%
38.4%




Truck
Truck SUV
2005

2.9%
77.2%
19.9%
2.2%

96.3%
1.5%



99.7%

0.3%
64.3%
50.0%
0.2%



Truck
Truck SUV
2006

5.1%
77.2%
17.7%
2.4%

93.0%
4.6%



99.7%

0.3%
69.8%
60.2%
3.1%



Truck
Truck SUV
2007

6.5%
75.3%
18.2%
2.1%

92.1%
5.8%



99.7%

0.3%
61.8%
54.3%
1.4%



Truck
Truck SUV
2008

10.1%
75.7%
14.2%
1.7%

91.6%
6.7%


2.0%
97.6%

0.4%
71.8%
60.5%
2.4%



Truck
Truck SUV
2009

17.5%
75.0%
7.5%
1.2%

88.2%
10.7%


7.6%
91.8%

0.6%
82.4%
69.0%
1.5%



Truck
Truck SUV
2010

14.2%
77.7%
8.1%
1.8%
0.8%
86.8%
10.6%


12.2%
87.2%

0.6%
82.7%
83.0%
1.5%



Truck
Truck SUV
2011

13.8%
77.3%
8.9%
1.2%
0.0%
87.4%
11.4%


15.1%
84.1%

0.8%
83.6%
92.6%
0.6%



Truck
Truck SUV
2012

13.8%
79.9%
6.4%
1.6%

88.4%
9.9%


18.3%
80.5%

1.2%
89.2%
95.8%
0.6%



Truck
Truck SUV
2013

13.8%
80.4%
5.8%
1.2%

84.9%
13.9%


23.0%
76.2%

0.9%
91.6%
98.3%
0.7%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-10
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
8452
0.239
27.3
18.4
24.8
21.6
469.5
351.5
412.1
4483
49.2

196
250
8.4
1.300
0.0554
61.6

Truck
Truck SUV
2015
8453
0.281
27.8
18.7
25.2
21.9
460.2
346.0
405.5
4533
49.4

198
254
8.4
1.307
0.0554
63.5

Truck
Truck SUV
2016
8454
0.291
28.2
19.0
25.4
22.2
450.9
342.2
400.2
4482
49.1

191
252
8.3
1.350
0.0556
64.0

Truck
Truck SUV
2017
8455
0.318
28.3
19.1
25.7
22.4
448.9
337.8
397.7
4510
49.4

190
257
8.2
1.401
0.0564
64.6

Truck
Truck SUV
2018
8456
0.317
29.5
19.9
26.0
23.0
432.2
334.8
387.0
4438
49.0

180
252
8.1
1.466
0.0561
66.1

Truck
Pickup
1975
8457
0.131
14.0
11.1
13.1
11.9
758.8
626.7
745.9
4012


306
141

0.491
0.0351
28.8

Truck
Pickup
1976
8458
0.151
14.6
11.7
13.4
12.4
720.1
614.5
714.3
4122


316
139

0.466
0.0339
30.9

Truck
Pickup
1977
8459
0.143
16.0
12.9
14.5
13.6
650.9
566.8
655.5
4092


313
146

0.496
0.0357
33.4

Truck
Pickup
1978
8460
0.157
15.7
12.8
14.1
13.3
654.6
581.9
667.6
4104


306
144
13.4
0.496
0.0350
33.1

Truck
Pickup
1979
8461
0.159
15.5
12.7
13.9
13.2
661.4
590.7
674.3
4142


287
136
14.9
0.502
0.0327
32.9

Truck
Pickup
1980
8462
0.127
19.4
15.5
17.9
16.5
548.2
470.6
540.6
3740


236
118
15.6
0.549
0.0315
36.7

Truck
Pickup
1981
8463
0.136
21.0
16.7
19.5
17.9
509.8
435.2
500.4
3679


237
115
15.6
0.521
0.0313
39.3

Truck
Pickup
1982
8464
0.148
21.7
17.2
20.3
18.5
497.1
420.7
486.4
3629


228
117
16.4
0.545
0.0322
40.1

Truck
Pickup
1983
8465
0.158
22.2
17.5
20.9
18.9
484.4
404.4
473.1
3544


212
112
15.2
0.566
0.0317
40.0

Truck
Pickup
1984
8466
0.146
21.5
16.9
20.2
18.3
501.3
417.1
488.1
3619


215
114
15.1
0.563
0.0314
39.4

Truck
Pickup
1985
8467
0.144
21.4
16.9
20.1
18.2
499.0
418.3
488.9
3642


221
123
14.2
0.588
0.0336
39.6

Truck
Pickup
1986
8468
0.165
22.2
17.5
20.8
18.9
486.9
407.3
471.5
3574


206
120
13.6
0.623
0.0336
40.1

Truck
Pickup
1987
8469
0.144
22.5
17.5
21.2
19.0
486.9
399.9
467.0
3526


202
123
13.5
0.639
0.0347
40.1

Truck
Pickup
1988
8470
0.161
21.5
16.5
20.4
18.1
515.4
418.3
490.0
3737


229
138
13.1
0.627
0.0365
40.5

Truck
Pickup
1989
8471
0.154
21.2
16.2
20.0
17.8
527.2
427.6
499.3
3803


236
143
12.4
0.633
0.0373
40.5

Truck
Pickup
1990
8472
0.145
20.7
15.7
19.7
17.4
541.7
433.8
510.5
3928


247
152
11.3
0.647
0.0384
41.1

Truck
Pickup
1991
8473
0.153
21.7
16.3
20.7
18.2
523.4
415.4
488.8
3779


232
146
11.4
0.658
0.0385
41.4

Truck
Pickup
1992
8474
0.151
20.9
15.5
20.0
17.5
551.1
430.2
508.5
3976


245
151
11.2
0.644
0.0379
41.8

Truck
Pickup
1993
8475
0.152
21.1
15.6
20.2
17.6
550.8
428.6
505.4
3996


244
156
10.4
0.666
0.0390
42.4

Truck
Pickup
1994
8476
0.189
21.0
15.5
19.9
17.4
554.2
433.7
509.5
4056


248
163
10.2
0.687
0.0401
43.0

Truck
Pickup
1995
8477
0.150
20.4
14.9
19.3
16.9
572.2
444.3
526.2
4182


257
167
10.3
0.687
0.0399
43.1

Truck
Pickup
1996
8478
0.149
20.8
15.1
19.7
17.1
567.8
437.2
518.4
4190


251
178
10.5
0.737
0.0422
43.9

Truck
Pickup
1997
8479
0.167
20.4
14.7
19.4
16.8
586.1
447.8
527.9
4415


264
196
10.2
0.756
0.0439
45.3

Truck
Pickup
1998
8480
0.167
20.7
14.8
19.6
17.0
580.8
442.7
522.9
4282


252
190
10.5
0.773
0.0439
44.6

Truck
Pickup
1999
8481
0.167
19.9
14.2
18.6
16.3
610.2
467.7
545.7
4486


267
205
10.3
0.776
0.0453
44.7

Truck
Pickup
2000
8482
0.158
20.5
14.6
18.9
16.7
598.2
462.6
533.7
4340


255
203
9.8
0.803
0.0462
44.4

Truck
Pickup
2001
8483
0.161
19.6
13.9
18.1
16.0
626.4
482.9
557.1
4551


269
216
9.4
0.812
0.0470
44.7

Truck
Pickup
2002
8484
0.148
19.5
13.8
17.8
15.8
635.5
492.7
564.2
4690


271
226
9.4
0.838
0.0480
45.6

Truck
Pickup
2003
8485
0.157
19.9
14.0
18.2
16.1
623.5
481.0
552.8
4642


264
223
9.5
0.847
0.0475
46.3

Truck
Pickup
2004
8486
0.159
19.6
13.7
17.8
15.7
641.7
493.0
564.7
4939


281
249
9.1
0.885
0.0501
48.2

Truck
Pickup
2005
8487
0.145
19.7
13.6
18.1
15.8
645.2
485.6
560.7
4988


284
260
8.8
0.917
0.0520
49.1

Truck
Pickup
2006
8488
0.145
20.1
13.9
18.4
16.1
632.3
477.9
550.7
4968


278
256
8.9
0.925
0.0514
49.8

Truck
Pickup
2007
8489
0.138
20.1
13.8
18.5
16.2
635.9
475.9
549.6
5144


286
269
8.9
0.938
0.0519
51.6

Truck
Pickup
2008
8490
0.129
20.5
14.1
18.9
16.5
623.2
464.7
539.4
5161
63.0

286
276
8.9
0.962
0.0531
53.0

Truck
Pickup
2009
8491
0.106
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
610.4
453.0
525.9
5176
62.6

287
278
8.5
0.971
0.0534
54.3

Truck
Pickup
2010
8492
0.115
20.9
14.3
19.4
16.9
614.7
453.6
527.4
5309
63.5

293
289
8.4
0.987
0.0542
55.5

Truck
Pickup
2011
8493
0.123
21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
601.5
442.7
515.6
5268
63.9

282
304
8.2
1.086
0.0571
56.3

Truck
Pickup
2012
8494
0.101
21.3
14.6
19.9
17.2
604.0
443.4
516.5
5335
64.3

286
317
7.9
1.122
0.0590
56.9

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-ll
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Truck
Truck SUV
2014

12.8%
81.8%
5.4%
1.2%

82.0%
16.8%


27.1%
71.8%

1.1%
88.0%
97.4%
0.6%



Truck
Truck SUV
2015

11.1%
82.4%
6.4%
1.0%
0.3%
76.5%
22.1%


37.7%
61.3%

1.0%
91.4%
98.6%
0.5%



Truck
Truck SUV
2016

11.7%
83.3%
5.1%
0.9%
0.2%
77.3%
21.6%


49.5%
49.9%

0.6%
93.1%
99.4%
1.4%



Truck
Truck SUV
2017

13.3%
81.7%
4.9%
0.6%
0.5%
77.4%
21.5%


49.8%
50.0%

0.2%
94.4%
99.6%
1.8%



Truck
Truck SUV
2018

12.2%
83.1%
4.7%
1.2%
0.5%
79.3%
19.1%


54.6%
44.7%

0.7%
95.3%
97.7%
3.5%



Truck
Pickup
1975


13.5%
86.5%
41.1%
58.9%



100.0%










Truck
Pickup
1976


20.9%
79.1%
38.8%
61.2%



100.0%










Truck
Pickup
1977


21.4%
78.6%
35.9%
64.1%



100.0%










Truck
Pickup
1978


27.0%
73.0%
37.4%
62.6%



98.8%



1.2%






Truck
Pickup
1979


12.6%
87.4%
39.9%
58.8%
1.3%


97.5%



2.5%






Truck
Pickup
1980

1.8%
21.1%
77.1%
58.8%
19.3%
21.9%


94.8%


1.0%
4.2%






Truck
Pickup
1981

2.3%
16.8%
80.8%
57.7%
14.8%
27.5%


92.3%


0.6%
7.1%






Truck
Pickup
1982

2.2%
17.7%
80.1%
53.9%
16.6%
29.5%


89.5%


0.2%
10.3%






Truck
Pickup
1983

1.9%
22.1%
76.1%
56.3%
15.3%
28.0%

0.4%
95.5%


0.1%
4.4%






Truck
Pickup
1984

0.6%
24.7%
74.7%
54.9%
15.9%
29.3%


96.3%

1.0%

2.7%






Truck
Pickup
1985


25.4%
74.6%
51.6%
14.8%
33.7%


82.8%

11.4%
4.5%
1.2%






Truck
Pickup
1986


25.2%
74.8%
58.4%
11.2%
30.4%


60.6%

21.2%
17.6%
0.6%






Truck
Pickup
1987

0.0%
25.5%
74.5%
58.5%
12.7%
28.9%


40.8%

26.9%
32.0%
0.3%






Truck
Pickup
1988

0.0%
28.4%
71.6%
51.0%
10.3%
38.8%


16.1%

35.4%
48.3%
0.2%






Truck
Pickup
1989


28.9%
71.1%
52.4%
6.1%
41.5%


10.0%

38.8%
51.1%
0.2%






Truck
Pickup
1990


27.9%
72.1%
45.8%
4.3%
49.8%


6.0%

52.4%
41.4%
0.2%






Truck
Pickup
1991


24.8%
75.2%
52.2%
1.4%
46.4%


3.2%

47.9%
48.7%
0.2%






Truck
Pickup
1992


26.3%
73.7%
47.1%
0.9%
52.1%


3.2%

58.0%
38.6%
0.1%






Truck
Pickup
1993

0.0%
27.6%
72.4%
43.9%
0.8%
55.3%


2.1%

61.2%
36.7%







Truck
Pickup
1994


29.3%
70.7%
40.0%
1.0%
59.0%


0.8%

69.5%
29.7%

2.2%





Truck
Pickup
1995


33.0%
67.0%
39.6%
0.9%
59.5%




69.5%
30.5%

5.5%





Truck
Pickup
1996


29.3%
70.7%
34.6%
1.4%
64.0%

0.0%


99.8%

0.2%
13.3%





Truck
Pickup
1997


34.7%
65.3%
25.3%

74.7%




99.9%

0.1%
6.7%





Truck
Pickup
1998


34.8%
65.2%
27.3%
1.5%
71.1%




100.0%

0.0%
11.2%





Truck
Pickup
1999


45.3%
54.7%
17.5%
0.9%
81.5%




100.0%

0.0%
7.7%





Truck
Pickup
2000


38.4%
61.6%
16.7%
0.8%
82.5%




100.0%


12.7%





Truck
Pickup
2001


38.7%
61.3%
12.0%
0.8%
87.1%




100.0%


12.8%





Truck
Pickup
2002


42.4%
57.6%
9.5%
0.9%
89.6%




100.0%


17.8%





Truck
Pickup
2003


39.5%
60.5%
10.3%
0.9%
88.8%




100.0%


14.5%





Truck
Pickup
2004


46.3%
53.7%
7.0%
0.9%
92.1%




100.0%


32.4%
18.9%
0.0%



Truck
Pickup
2005


46.7%
53.3%
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


40.9%
39.1%
0.0%



Truck
Pickup
2006


45.8%
54.2%
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


49.0%
47.5%
0.1%



Truck
Pickup
2007


45.4%
54.6%
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


40.0%
40.0%
0.0%



Truck
Pickup
2008


47.5%
52.5%
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


41.3%
37.8%




Truck
Pickup
2009


50.6%
49.4%
4.1%

95.7%
0.2%



100.0%


42.4%
36.8%
0.2%



Truck
Pickup
2010


57.0%
43.0%
2.4%

97.5%
0.1%



100.0%


59.9%
62.2%
0.1%



Truck
Pickup
2011


60.3%
39.7%
2.1%

97.8%
0.1%


7.6%
92.4%


50.1%
86.1%
0.1%



Truck
Pickup
2012


62.4%
37.6%
1.5%

98.5%
0.1%


10.3%
89.7%


55.7%
94.6%
0.1%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-12
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Truck
Pickup
2013
8495
0.104
21.7
14.8
20.2
17.5
595.9
436.5
508.6
5429
65.3

282
328
7.8
1.186
0.0600
58.9

Truck
Pickup
2014
8496
0.124
22.4
15.3
20.9
18.0
576.7
422.3
492.7
5485
66.2

293
334
7.6
1.158
0.0606
61.7

Truck
Pickup
2015
8497
0.107
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
553.2
407.4
473.5
5165
65.3

277
324
7.6
1.207
0.0626
60.9

Truck
Pickup
2016
8498
0.117
23.6
16.1
21.8
18.9
547.9
405.4
470.9
5150
64.5

266
324
7.5
1.266
0.0630
61.1

Truck
Pickup
2017
8499
0.121
23.7
16.1
21.8
18.9
547.8
404.7
470.5
5217
64.8

274
333
7.4
1.258
0.0637
61.8

Truck
Pickup
2018
8500
0.133
24.2
16.5
22.2
19.3
536.6
399.0
462.3
5184
64.7

262
339
7.1
1.361
0.0655
62.9

Truck
All
1975
8501
0.193
13.7
10.9
12.7
11.6
776.8
654.6
763.9
4073


311
142

0.476
0.0349
28.5

Truck
All
1976
8502
0.211
14.4
11.6
13.2
12.2
736.3
632.0
725.6
4155


320
141

0.458
0.0340
30.5

Truck
All
1977
8503
0.199
15.6
12.6
14.2
13.3
669.7
587.3
669.0
4136


318
147

0.482
0.0356
33.0

Truck
All
1978
8504
0.225
15.3
12.4
13.7
12.9
680.3
607.1
686.9
4152


315
146
13.4
0.481
0.0351
32.4

Truck
All
1979
8505
0.221
14.7
12.1
13.1
12.5
696.1
628.1
711.1
4257


299
138
15.0
0.485
0.0325
32.1

Truck
All
1980
8506
0.165
18.6
14.8
17.1
15.8
572.1
492.7
565.4
3869


248
121
15.7
0.528
0.0313
36.3

Truck
All
1981
8507
0.172
20.1
16.0
18.6
17.1
531.4
455.1
522.6
3806


247
119
15.7
0.508
0.0311
38.8

Truck
All
1982
8508
0.195
20.5
16.3
19.0
17.4
524.6
445.8
515.9
3813


244
120
16.6
0.524
0.0317
39.7

Truck
All
1983
8509
0.220
20.8
16.5
19.6
17.7
515.3
430.0
503.9
3773


232
118
15.3
0.542
0.0313
39.9

Truck
All
1984
8510
0.235
20.4
16.1
19.3
17.4
525.6
438.0
512.1
3787


225
118
15.3
0.556
0.0310
39.3

Truck
All
1985
8511
0.248
20.5
16.2
19.3
17.5
523.0
436.3
509.4
3803


225
124
14.7
0.585
0.0326
39.6

Truck
All
1986
8512
0.279
21.4
16.8
20.1
18.2
507.5
422.9
489.1
3741


212
123
13.9
0.619
0.0330
40.4

Truck
All
1987
8513
0.272
21.6
16.8
20.4
18.3
509.4
416.9
486.2
3718


211
131
13.6
0.652
0.0351
40.5

Truck
All
1988
8514
0.291
21.1
16.2
20.1
17.8
527.5
425.9
498.1
3850


228
141
13.3
0.649
0.0365
40.9

Truck
All
1989
8515
0.299
20.9
15.9
19.8
17.6
539.6
434.8
506.5
3932


234
146
12.7
0.653
0.0371
41.3

Truck
All
1990
8516
0.296
20.7
15.6
19.8
17.4
549.3
436.4
511.6
4014


237
151
11.8
0.667
0.0377
41.8

Truck
All
1991
8517
0.304
21.2
15.9
20.2
17.8
542.2
428.3
500.5
3961


229
150
11.8
0.681
0.0379
42.3

Truck
All
1992
8518
0.314
20.8
15.4
19.9
17.3
559.7
436.8
512.4
4078


236
155
11.5
0.682
0.0380
42.6

Truck
All
1993
8519
0.324
21.0
15.5
20.1
17.5
558.6
431.9
507.5
4098


235
160
10.6
0.705
0.0391
43.2

Truck
All
1994
8520
0.381
20.7
15.2
19.6
17.2
568.2
442.1
517.5
4149


241
166
10.4
0.713
0.0401
43.2

Truck
All
1995
8521
0.365
20.5
14.9
19.4
17.0
579.0
445.3
524.2
4201


245
168
10.6
0.712
0.0400
43.3

Truck
All
1996
8522
0.378
20.8
15.0
19.8
17.2
577.7
438.8
518.3
4255


245
179
10.7
0.755
0.0421
44.5

Truck
All
1997
8523
0.399
20.5
14.7
19.4
16.8
590.4
450.5
527.7
4394


251
189
10.5
0.769
0.0428
45.1

Truck
All
1998
8524
0.417
20.8
14.8
19.7
17.1
584.7
441.1
520.7
4317


244
188
10.7
0.794
0.0435
45.1

Truck
All
1999
8525
0.417
20.3
14.5
19.1
16.6
601.8
456.1
534.6
4457


252
199
10.5
0.811
0.0446
45.4

Truck
All
2000
8526
0.412
20.7
14.7
19.3
16.8
595.7
452.5
527.7
4421


245
199
10.1
0.830
0.0448
45.8

Truck
All
2001
8527
0.414
20.3
14.4
18.8
16.5
606.1
462.4
538.2
4543


249
212
9.6
0.873
0.0465
46.3

Truck
All
2002
8528
0.448
20.3
14.3
18.8
16.5
612.1
463.2
539.2
4612


249
223
9.5
0.911
0.0482
47.0

Truck
All
2003
8529
0.461
20.7
14.4
19.1
16.7
606.1
456.1
532.7
4655


248
224
9.4
0.920
0.0481
48.1

Truck
All
2004
8530
0.480
20.5
14.2
18.9
16.5
617.5
460.4
538.3
4783


258
240
9.2
0.946
0.0500
49.0

Truck
All
2005
8531
0.444
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
606.8
448.4
526.0
4763


251
242
9.1
0.976
0.0506
50.2

Truck
All
2006
8532
0.421
21.4
14.6
19.7
17.2
593.8
442.0
517.7
4758


247
240
9.1
0.985
0.0503
51.2

Truck
All
2007
8533
0.411
21.6
14.8
20.0
17.4
590.8
437.7
512.3
4871


253
254
9.0
1.020
0.0519
52.8

Truck
All
2008
8534
0.407
22.2
15.1
20.5
17.8
573.9
425.7
499.3
4837
54.0

246
254
9.0
1.046
0.0522
53.9

Truck
All
2009
8535
0.330
23.1
15.7
21.4
18.5
552.9
409.2
479.9
4753
53.8

236
252
8.7
1.089
0.0527
55.1

Truck
All
2010
8536
0.372
23.4
15.9
21.7
18.8
544.0
403.2
473.8
4784
53.8

237
253
8.8
1.087
0.0526
56.3

Truck
All
2011
8537
0.422
23.9
16.2
22.0
19.1
534.9
397.0
465.8
4824
54.4

236
271
8.4
1.171
0.0557
57.8

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-13
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Truck
Pickup
2013


63.2%
36.8%
1.2%

98.8%
0.0%


15.3%
84.7%


61.8%
96.5%
0.0%



Truck
Pickup
2014


64.9%
35.1%
0.7%

99.3%



45.0%
55.0%


48.8%
99.3%




Truck
Pickup
2015


66.9%
33.1%
0.9%

99.1%



55.1%
43.1%

1.8%
53.5%
90.4%




Truck
Pickup
2016


67.1%
32.9%
0.7%

99.3%



49.9%
47.9%

2.2%
62.5%
89.6%
0.0%



Truck
Pickup
2017

0.5%
69.7%
29.8%
0.9%

99.1%



50.4%
48.3%

1.3%
58.8%
92.4%
0.1%



Truck
Pickup
2018

0.3%
67.7%
32.0%
0.6%

99.4%



41.0%
56.2%

2.9%
67.5%
89.9%
0.2%



Truck
All
1975


17.2%
82.8%
36.9%
63.1%



99.9%


0.1%







Truck
All
1976


23.0%
77.0%
34.7%
65.3%



99.9%


0.1%







Truck
All
1977


23.8%
76.2%
31.6%
68.4%



99.9%


0.1%







Truck
All
1978


29.1%
70.9%
32.1%
67.9%



99.1%


0.1%
0.8%






Truck
All
1979


18.1%
81.9%
35.1%
62.8%
2.1%


97.9%


0.3%
1.8%






Truck
All
1980

1.4%
25.0%
73.6%
53.0%
22.4%
24.5%


94.9%


1.7%
3.5%






Truck
All
1981

1.9%
20.1%
78.0%
51.6%
17.3%
31.1%


93.3%


1.1%
5.6%






Truck
All
1982

1.7%
20.2%
78.1%
45.9%
20.7%
33.4%


89.9%


0.7%
9.4%






Truck
All
1983

1.4%
26.1%
72.5%
46.3%
17.4%
36.0%

0.3%
94.6%


0.6%
4.8%






Truck
All
1984

5.0%
31.5%
63.5%
42.5%
22.9%
34.6%

0.0%
95.0%

2.0%
0.6%
2.4%






Truck
All
1985

7.3%
31.3%
61.4%
37.6%
21.2%
41.1%


86.5%

8.9%
3.5%
1.1%






Truck
All
1986

5.9%
30.7%
63.4%
43.0%
15.5%
41.5%


59.4%

22.1%
17.8%
0.7%






Truck
All
1987

7.6%
32.2%
60.2%
40.5%
15.7%
43.8%

0.1%
33.6%

33.3%
32.8%
0.3%






Truck
All
1988

9.2%
34.1%
56.7%
35.8%
11.7%
52.5%


12.4%

43.2%
44.3%
0.2%






Truck
All
1989

10.1%
32.8%
57.1%
32.8%
10.8%
56.4%

0.0%
6.5%

45.9%
47.5%
0.2%






Truck
All
1990

15.8%
31.8%
52.4%
28.1%
4.4%
67.5%

0.0%
3.8%

55.0%
40.9%
0.2%






Truck
All
1991

10.3%
37.3%
52.3%
31.5%
1.7%
66.8%


1.7%

55.3%
42.8%
0.1%






Truck
All
1992

14.5%
33.4%
52.1%
27.5%
1.2%
71.3%


1.6%

65.7%
32.6%
0.1%






Truck
All
1993

16.8%
32.7%
50.6%
24.7%
1.1%
74.2%


1.0%

71.5%
27.5%







Truck
All
1994

13.8%
39.2%
47.0%
23.7%
1.0%
75.3%


0.4%

76.2%
23.4%

5.2%





Truck
All
1995

18.4%
42.3%
39.3%
20.7%
0.9%
78.5%




79.4%
20.6%

8.0%





Truck
All
1996

20.9%
39.2%
39.8%
15.6%
1.0%
83.4%

0.0%


99.9%

0.1%
11.2%





Truck
All
1997

14.2%
45.2%
40.6%
14.1%
0.1%
85.8%




100.0%

0.0%
11.1%





Truck
All
1998

19.3%
45.1%
35.5%
13.6%
0.6%
85.8%




100.0%

0.0%
14.8%





Truck
All
1999

17.5%
48.1%
34.4%
9.2%
0.4%
90.4%




100.0%

0.0%
15.7%
3.0%




Truck
All
2000

20.0%
46.3%
33.8%
8.2%
0.3%
91.5%




100.0%


18.6%
4.6%




Truck
All
2001

16.3%
48.8%
34.8%
6.3%
0.3%
93.4%




100.0%


25.9%
9.3%




Truck
All
2002

15.4%
51.6%
33.1%
4.7%
0.3%
94.9%
0.0%



100.0%


32.8%
16.0%




Truck
All
2003

15.4%
50.4%
34.1%
4.6%
0.3%
94.4%
0.6%



100.0%


34.6%
19.7%




Truck
All
2004

12.5%
56.5%
31.0%
3.5%
0.3%
95.6%
0.6%



100.0%

0.0%
46.2%
32.9%
0.0%



Truck
All
2005

20.1%
52.2%
27.7%
2.9%

95.3%
1.8%



99.9%

0.1%
51.1%
41.2%
0.1%



Truck
All
2006

18.9%
53.1%
28.0%
3.3%

93.7%
3.1%



99.9%

0.1%
58.4%
51.5%
1.5%



Truck
All
2007

16.1%
55.5%
28.4%
2.6%

93.8%
3.7%



99.9%

0.1%
53.3%
48.7%
0.8%



Truck
All
2008

18.4%
56.8%
24.8%
2.2%

94.1%
3.6%


1.1%
98.7%

0.2%
59.5%
51.6%
1.3%



Truck
All
2009

21.0%
58.5%
20.5%
2.0%

92.0%
6.0%


4.2%
95.4%

0.3%
66.7%
56.0%
0.9%



Truck
All
2010

20.9%
61.0%
18.0%
1.8%
0.4%
91.9%
5.9%


6.8%
92.9%

0.4%
71.5%
70.5%
0.9%



Truck
All
2011

17.7%
65.0%
17.3%
1.3%
0.0%
91.4%
7.3%


11.3%
88.1%

0.5%
75.2%
90.7%
0.4%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-14
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Truck
All
2012
8538
0.356
24.1
16.4
22.3
19.3
531.4
392.1
461.4
4809
54.5

234
276
8.3
1.198
0.0569
58.2

Truck
All
2013
8539
0.359
24.8
16.8
22.8
19.8
515.4
381.7
450.1
4824
54.7

228
277
8.2
1.250
0.0569
60.0

Truck
All
2014
8540
0.407
25.5
17.3
23.5
20.3
501.0
370.6
437.4
4790
55.0

227
277
8.1
1.249
0.0572
61.4

Truck
All
2015
8541
0.426
26.5
17.9
24.2
21.1
482.4
359.7
422.8
4680
53.9

218
271
8.2
1.275
0.0573
62.6

Truck
All
2016
8542
0.447
26.8
18.1
24.4
21.2
476.2
357.3
419.6
4656
53.7

212
272
8.1
1.319
0.0577
63.0

Truck
All
2017
8543
0.475
26.9
18.2
24.6
21.4
472.1
352.3
416.3
4689
53.8

212
277
7.9
1.357
0.0585
63.8

Truck
All
2018
8544
0.483
27.8
18.8
24.9
21.8
453.3
349.5
407.7
4647
53.8

204
277
7.8
1.426
0.0588
65.3

All
All
1975
8545
1.000
15.3
12.0
14.6
13.1
688.4
560.5
680.6
4060


293
137

0.507
0.0335
31.6

All
All
1976
8546
1.000
16.7
13.2
15.7
14.2
633.0
524.9
625.0
4079


294
135

0.493
0.0328
34.4

All
All
1977
8547
1.000
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
593.3
497.3
590.0
3982


287
136

0.510
0.0339
35.7

All
All
1978
8548
1.000
18.6
14.7
17.5
15.8
563.8
470.0
561.6
3715


266
129
13.6
0.525
0.0344
35.1

All
All
1979
8549
1.000
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
561.2
473.8
559.7
3655


252
124
14.6
0.532
0.0335
34.7

All
All
1980
8550
1.000
22.5
17.6
21.5
19.2
481.4
395.2
465.9
3228


198
104
15.6
0.574
0.0320
36.6

All
All
1981
8551
1.000
24.1
18.8
23.0
20.5
450.6
368.9
436.0
3202


193
102
15.6
0.580
0.0318
38.9

All
All
1982
8552
1.000
24.7
19.2
23.9
21.1
440.1
353.5
424.6
3202


188
103
16.6
0.593
0.0320
40.0

All
All
1983
8553
1.000
24.6
19.0
23.9
21.0
439.6
352.5
425.5
3257


193
107
14.9
0.599
0.0327
40.5

All
All
1984
8554
1.000
24.6
19.1
24.0
21.0
440.2
350.9
424.0
3262


190
109
14.7
0.618
0.0332
40.7

All
All
1985
8555
1.000
25.0
19.3
24.4
21.3
434.6
344.7
417.3
3271


189
114
14.1
0.650
0.0347
41.4

All
All
1986
8556
1.000
25.7
19.8
25.0
21.8
427.3
338.5
407.0
3238


180
114
13.4
0.678
0.0351
42.0

All
All
1987
8557
1.000
25.9
19.8
25.3
22.0
428.1
336.4
404.6
3221


175
118
13.4
0.710
0.0362
42.1

All
All
1988
8558
1.000
25.9
19.6
25.2
21.9
430.2
336.2
406.5
3283


180
123
13.3
0.726
0.0372
42.9

All
All
1989
8559
1.000
25.4
19.1
24.8
21.4
443.6
342.6
414.9
3351


185
129
12.5
0.743
0.0382
43.0

All
All
1990
8560
1.000
25.2
18.7
24.6
21.2
453.1
346.5
420.1
3426


185
135
11.5
0.781
0.0394
43.5

All
All
1991
8561
1.000
25.4
18.8
24.7
21.3
452.2
345.1
418.2
3410


184
138
11.4
0.796
0.0402
43.6

All
All
1992
8562
1.000
24.9
18.2
24.4
20.8
465.9
349.5
427.4
3512


191
145
11.0
0.807
0.0413
44.1

All
All
1993
8563
1.000
25.1
18.2
24.4
20.9
465.1
348.0
425.6
3519


191
147
10.3
0.809
0.0416
44.5

All
All
1994
8564
1.000
24.6
17.8
23.8
20.4
476.7
356.1
436.1
3603


197
152
10.1
0.816
0.0420
44.6

All
All
1995
8565
1.000
24.7
17.7
24.1
20.5
477.5
351.1
433.8
3613


196
158
10.1
0.857
0.0438
45.2

All
All
1996
8566
1.000
24.8
17.6
24.0
20.4
483.0
353.5
435.0
3659


197
164
10.4
0.878
0.0447
45.6

All
All
1997
8567
1.000
24.5
17.4
23.6
20.2
489.6
359.0
441.1
3727


199
169
10.2
0.890
0.0452
45.9

All
All
1998
8568
1.000
24.5
17.2
23.6
20.1
494.0
360.1
442.3
3744


199
171
10.4
0.904
0.0457
46.3

All
All
1999
8569
1.000
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
505.6
368.5
451.3
3835


203
179
10.3
0.921
0.0465
46.5

All
All
2000
8570
1.000
24.3
16.9
23.0
19.8
505.7
369.6
449.6
3821


200
181
9.8
0.942
0.0472
46.7

All
All
2001
8571
1.000
24.2
16.8
22.8
19.6
506.1
371.4
452.9
3879


201
187
9.5
0.968
0.0480
47.3

All
All
2002
8572
1.000
24.1
16.6
22.5
19.5
511.9
375.9
456.9
3951


203
195
9.4
0.994
0.0493
47.9

All
All
2003
8573
1.000
24.3
16.7
22.7
19.6
510.0
372.8
453.8
3999


204
199
9.3
1.007
0.0496
49.0

All
All
2004
8574
1.000
24.0
16.3
22.4
19.3
519.4
377.0
460.6
4111


212
211
9.1
1.026
0.0511
49.7

All
All
2005
8575
1.000
24.8
16.8
23.1
19.9
503.1
366.9
447.1
4059


205
209
9.0
1.049
0.0512
50.9

All
All
2006
8576
1.000
25.2
17.0
23.4
20.1
498.9
363.0
441.6
4067


204
213
8.9
1.073
0.0522
51.7

All
All
2007
8577
1.000
25.8
17.4
24.0
20.6
482.9
354.0
431.4
4093


203
217
8.9
1.099
0.0525
53.4

All
All
2008
8578
1.000
26.3
17.7
24.4
21.0
474.7
348.5
423.9
4085
48.9

199
219
8.9
1.122
0.0529
54.4

All
All
2009
8579
1.000
28.2
18.9
26.0
22.4
445.7
327.9
396.9
3914
47.9

183
208
8.8
1.156
0.0523
55.9

All
All
2010
8580
1.000
28.4
19.1
26.2
22.6
0.0
0.0
393.7
4001
48.5

188
214
8.8
1.160
0.0527
58.3








































All | All | 2011
12018
1.000
28.1
18.8
25.9
22.3
0.0
0.0
399.0
4126
49.5

192
230
8.5
1.217
0.0549
59.1

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	D-15	March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
Truck
All
2012

20.9%
64.3%
14.8%
1.4%

92.4%
6.2%


13.5%
85.8%

0.7%
80.6%
94.9%
0.4%



Truck
All
2013

18.1%
67.5%
14.5%
1.1%

90.2%
8.7%


18.4%
81.1%

0.5%
83.5%
96.9%
0.4%



Truck
All
2014

17.5%
68.3%
14.2%
0.9%

88.9%
10.2%


29.7%
69.6%

0.6%
76.9%
98.0%
0.4%



Truck
All
2015

16.0%
71.4%
12.6%
0.9%
0.2%
83.6%
15.3%


39.0%
59.9%

1.1%
82.7%
96.7%
0.3%



Truck
All
2016

15.8%
72.0%
12.2%
0.8%
0.2%
84.8%
14.3%


46.2%
52.9%

1.0%
85.7%
96.9%
0.9%



Truck
All
2017

16.1%
72.8%
11.0%
0.7%
0.3%
84.2%
14.8%


46.6%
52.9%

0.5%
85.8%
97.8%
1.2%



Truck
All
2018

14.5%
73.5%
12.1%
0.9%
0.3%
85.6%
13.1%


49.7%
49.0%

1.3%
87.9%
95.7%
2.6%



All
All
1975

5.3%
3.3%
91.4%
23.0%
76.8%
0.2%


95.7%

4.1%
0.0%
0.2%






All
All
1976

4.6%
4.8%
90.6%
20.9%
79.1%



97.3%

2.5%
0.0%
0.2%






All
All
1977

5.5%
4.7%
89.8%
19.8%
80.2%



96.2%

3.4%
0.0%
0.4%






All
All
1978

7.4%
6.6%
86.0%
22.7%
71.9%
5.5%


95.2%

3.9%
0.0%
0.9%






All
All
1979

9.2%
4.3%
86.5%
24.2%
68.1%
7.3%

0.4%
94.2%

3.7%
0.1%
2.0%






All
All
1980

25.0%
4.9%
70.1%
34.6%
46.8%
18.1%

0.5%
89.7%

5.2%
0.8%
4.3%






All
All
1981

31.0%
4.0%
65.0%
33.6%
32.9%
33.0%

0.5%
86.7%

5.1%
2.4%
5.9%






All
All
1982

37.0%
4.6%
58.4%
32.4%
19.4%
47.8%

0.4%
80.6%

5.8%
8.0%
5.6%






All
All
1983

37.0%
8.1%
54.8%
30.5%
17.0%
52.1%

0.4%
75.2%

7.3%
14.8%
2.7%






All
All
1984

42.1%
8.2%
49.8%
28.4%
18.8%
52.8%

0.0%
67.6%

11.9%
18.7%
1.8%






All
All
1985

47.8%
9.3%
42.9%
26.5%
19.1%
54.5%


56.1%

18.2%
24.8%
0.9%






All
All
1986

52.6%
9.3%
38.0%
29.8%
16.7%
53.5%


41.4%

32.5%
25.7%
0.4%






All
All
1987

57.7%
9.6%
32.8%
29.1%
15.5%
55.4%

0.0%
28.4%

39.9%
31.4%
0.3%






All
All
1988

60.0%
10.5%
29.5%
27.6%
10.2%
62.2%


15.0%

50.6%
34.3%
0.1%






All
All
1989

60.2%
10.5%
29.3%
24.6%
9.9%
65.5%
0.1%
0.0%
8.7%

57.3%
33.9%
0.1%






All
All
1990

63.8%
10.1%
26.1%
22.2%
6.5%
71.2%
0.0%
0.0%
2.1%

70.8%
27.0%
0.1%

0.4%




All
All
1991

59.6%
12.3%
28.1%
23.9%
4.5%
71.6%
0.0%

0.6%

70.6%
28.7%
0.1%

1.7%




All
All
1992

58.4%
11.2%
30.4%
20.7%
4.5%
74.8%
0.0%

0.5%

81.6%
17.8%
0.1%

3.0%




All
All
1993

59.9%
11.3%
28.8%
19.8%
3.7%
76.5%
0.0%

0.3%

85.0%
14.6%


3.0%




All
All
1994

55.6%
15.2%
29.2%
19.5%
3.0%
77.6%


0.1%

87.7%
12.1%
0.0%
26.7%
4.8%




All
All
1995

57.6%
16.2%
26.3%
17.9%
1.4%
80.7%




91.6%
8.4%
0.0%
35.6%
6.1%




All
All
1996

60.0%
15.7%
24.3%
15.2%
1.3%
83.5%
0.0%
0.0%


99.3%
0.7%
0.1%
39.3%
7.0%




All
All
1997

56.1%
19.0%
24.9%
14.0%
0.5%
85.5%
0.0%



99.5%
0.5%
0.1%
39.6%
6.5%




All
All
1998

56.4%
20.1%
23.5%
12.8%
0.5%
86.7%
0.0%



99.8%
0.1%
0.1%
40.9%
10.1%




All
All
1999

55.8%
21.3%
22.9%
10.1%
0.5%
89.4%
0.0%



99.9%
0.1%
0.1%
43.4%
10.8%




All
All
2000

55.5%
20.2%
24.3%
9.7%
0.7%
89.5%
0.0%



99.8%
0.0%
0.1%
44.8%
15.0%
0.0%



All
All
2001

53.8%
22.0%
24.2%
9.0%
0.6%
90.3%
0.1%



99.9%

0.1%
49.0%
19.6%
0.1%



All
All
2002

52.7%
25.0%
22.3%
8.2%
0.3%
91.4%
0.2%



99.8%

0.2%
53.3%
25.3%
0.2%



All
All
2003

50.7%
25.0%
24.3%
8.0%
0.1%
90.8%
1.1%



99.8%

0.2%
55.5%
30.6%
0.3%



All
All
2004

47.7%
29.8%
22.4%
6.8%
0.3%
91.8%
1.2%



99.9%

0.1%
62.3%
38.5%
0.5%



All
All
2005

53.0%
26.8%
20.2%
6.2%
0.1%
91.5%
2.3%



99.7%

0.3%
65.6%
45.8%
1.1%



All
All
2006

51.9%
25.8%
22.3%
6.5%
0.0%
90.6%
2.8%



99.6%

0.4%
71.7%
55.4%
1.5%



All
All
2007

54.3%
26.1%
19.6%
5.6%
0.0%
87.1%
7.2%


0.2%
99.8%

0.1%
71.7%
57.3%
2.2%



All
All
2008

54.2%
27.3%
18.5%
5.2%
0.2%
86.8%
7.9%


2.3%
97.6%

0.1%
76.4%
58.2%
2.5%



All
All
2009

62.9%
23.5%
13.6%
4.8%
0.2%
85.6%
9.4%


4.2%
95.2%

0.5%
83.8%
71.5%
2.3%



All
All
2010

59.6%
26.7%
13.7%
3.8%
1.2%
84.1%
11.0%


8.3%
91.0%

0.7%
85.5%
83.8%
3.8%







All | All | 2011

53.8% | 32.4% | 13.8% | 3.2% | 0.3% | 86.5% | 10.0% | | | 15.4% | 83.8% | | 0.8% | 86.4% | 93.1% | 2.2% | | |
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	D-16	March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine











Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Car or
Vehicle
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Truck
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
All
All
2012
13449
1.000
29.9
19.9
27.3
23.6
0.0
0.0
377.4
3979
48.8

180
222
8.5
1.248
0.0548
61.0

All
All
2013
15198
1.000
30.7
20.5
28.0
24.2
0.0
0.0
367.5
4003
49.1

176
226
8.4
1.310
0.0554
63.7

All
All
2014
15512
1.000
30.7
20.4
27.9
24.1
0.0
0.0
368.7
4060
49.7

180
230
8.3
1.310
0.0557
64.1

All
All
2015
16739
1.000
31.4
20.9
28.5
24.6
0.0
0.0
360.5
4035
49.4

177
229
8.3
1.321
0.0557
65.7

All
All
2016
16267
1.000
31.6
21.0
28.5
24.7
0.0
0.0
359.3
4035
49.5

173
230
8.3
1.361
0.0560
66.1

All
All
2017
17011
1.000
31.7
21.1
28.7
24.9
0.0
0.0
356.7
4093
49.8

173
233
8.2
1.390
0.0559
68.4

All
All
2018
-
1.000
32.7
21.8
28.9
25.4
0.0
0.0
348.3
4094
50.0

169
237
8.0
1.456
0.0568
73.3

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-17
March 2019

-------
¦SEPA
Env«>o«>moniBi Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table D: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All
2012

61.4%
27.7%
10.9%
3.6%
1.1%
83.4%
11.9%


22.5%
76.5%

0.9%
91.8%
96.6%
3.4%



All
All
2013

59.7%
29.1%
11.1%
3.5%
1.4%
80.4%
14.7%


30.5%
68.3%

0.9%
92.8%
97.4%
3.9%



All
All
2014

55.3%
32.6%
12.1%
2.8%
1.6%
76.7%
19.0%


37.4%
61.3%

1.0%
89.2%
97.6%
3.0%



All
All
2015

52.9%
36.1%
10.9%
2.6%
1.4%
72.3%
23.7%


41.9%
56.7%

0.9%
91.2%
97.2%
2.7%



All
All
2016

51.2%
38.3%
10.5%
2.2%
2.6%
72.4%
22.8%


48.0%
51.0%

0.5%
92.3%
98.0%
2.2%



All
All
2017

49.6%
40.8%
9.6%
2.1%
2.6%
71.5%
23.8%


49.7%
49.4%

0.3%
91.9%
98.1%
3.1%



All
All
2018

46.4%
42.1%
11.5%
2.5%
3.5%
71.8%
22.2%


50.7%
46.6%

0.9%
91.7%
95.7%
4.5%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
D-18
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1975




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1976




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1977




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1978




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1979




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1980




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1981




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1982




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1983




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1984




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1985
37
0.003
57.4
46.7
51.5
48.8
190.0
171.9
182.3

82.6
61
48
17.6
0.787
0.0274
42.8
4037
3533
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1986
81
0.005
55.9
45.4
49.4
47.1
192.6
176.5
188.5

84.6
61
46
17.8
0.759
0.0264
42.0
4053
3547
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1987
38
0.003
56.8
45.4
50.5
47.6
194.3
175.1
186.6

84.4
61
46
17.3
0.756
0.0264
42.0
4045
3539
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1988
55
0.004
51.6
41.2
45.1
43.0
212.0
193.3
206.8

84.6
61
47
18.3
0.766
0.0267
38.3
3698
3236
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1989
25
0.002
59.4
46.9
51.4
49.0
189.4
172.7
181.3

90.9
61
49
16.2
0.806
0.0281
42.9
4457
3900
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1990
4
0.000
65.3
50.7
56.7
53.4
175.4
156.9
166.3

89.1
61
49
15.2
0.803
0.0280
46.7
4760
4165
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1991
4
0.000
65.3
50.2
56.3
53.0
177.1
158.0
167.6

89.1
61
55
14.1
0.902
0.0314
46.4
4725
4134
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1992
8
0.001
65.3
49.6
56.0
52.6
179.0
158.7
168.8

89.1
61
55
13.8
0.902
0.0314
46.1
4690
4104
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1993
10
0.001
65.3
49.1
55.6
52.2
180.9
159.7
170.1

89.1
61
55
13.0
0.902
0.0314
45.7
4655
4074
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1994
8
0.001
65.8
49.3
55.3
52.2
180.2
160.8
170.2

89.1
61
55
12.9
0.902
0.0314
45.7
4653
4071
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1995




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1996




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1997




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1998




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1999




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2000




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2001




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2002




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2003




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2004




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2005




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2006




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2007




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2008




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2009




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2010




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2011




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2012




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2013




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2014




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2015




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2016




















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2017




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-l
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
1750
1975















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1976















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1977















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1978















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1979















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1980















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1981















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1982















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1983















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1984















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1985


90.1%
9.9%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
1750
1986


64.7%
35.3%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
1750
1987


100.0%




100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
1750
1988


59.5%
40.5%



97.2%


2.8%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1989


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1990


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1991


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1992


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1993


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1994


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
1750
1995















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1996















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1997















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1998















Sedan/Wagon
1750
1999















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2000















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2001















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2002















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2003















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2004















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2005















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2006















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2007















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2008















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2009















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2010















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2011















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2012















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2013















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2014















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2015















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2016















Sedan/Wagon
1750
2017















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-2
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
1750
2018




















Sedan/Wagon
2000
1975
105
0.010
31.4
24.5
30.1
26.7
361.7
292.5
332.3


83
54

0.655
0.0272
26.9


100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1976
154
0.012
32.6
25.5
31.0
27.8
344.9
283.7
320.2


84
56

0.670
0.0279
28.0


92.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1977
157
0.011
36.0
28.2
34.3
30.7
306.5
253.8
289.9

73.7
84
61

0.739
0.0307
31.4
2307
2307
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1978
270
0.019
34.9
27.8
32.5
29.7
316.2
270.4
298.9

80.3
90
62
14.3
0.695
0.0312
30.0
2423
2423
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1979
234
0.017
32.0
25.4
29.9
27.2
347.1
293.8
326.2

80.1
88
62
16.4
0.712
0.0312
27.5
2208
2208
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1980
280
0.025
33.0
26.1
30.9
28.0
335.8
284.6
316.9

85.7
90
63
16.7
0.696
0.0314
28.4
2434
2434
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1981
209
0.020
38.4
30.8
35.0
32.6
285.8
249.7
272.7

86.7
86
64
15.9
0.744
0.0321
33.0
2857
2857
82.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1982
157
0.016
40.3
32.3
36.9
34.2
272.5
237.5
259.5

87.3
86
62
17.5
0.715
0.0308
34.6
3022
3022
85.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1983
94
0.009
43.6
34.9
40.2
37.1
252.9
219.2
239.6

86.0
84
62
16.1
0.728
0.0308
37.4
3216
3216
91.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1984
92
0.007
44.3
35.4
40.8
37.7
246.6
214.9
235.8

73.5
86
67
14.9
0.776
0.0335
38.2
2802
2802
98.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1985
62
0.004
44.4
35.5
40.9
37.7
243.3
213.2
235.5

60.2
89
70
14.4
0.782
0.0348
38.7
2343
2343
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1986
58
0.004
36.6
28.4
34.9
31.0
292.1
242.0
286.4

72.3
76
56
16.0
0.750
0.0281
33.0
2253
2253
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1987
106
0.007
40.0
31.7
36.2
33.6
268.0
236.8
264.3

79.9
70
55
17.1
0.799
0.0276
35.0
2737
2737
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1988
186
0.012
43.6
34.8
38.3
36.4
250.8
227.8
244.3

91.0
77
59
16.0
0.770
0.0293
37.0
3343
3343
93.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1989
135
0.009
43.5
34.7
37.6
36.1
250.7
231.2
246.5

92.4
76
59
16.1
0.782
0.0294
36.8
3360
3360
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1990
71
0.006
47.5
36.8
42.2
39.2
238.4
209.2
226.6

92.7
72
58
14.7
0.813
0.0290
39.6
3670
3670
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1991
142
0.011
47.1
36.2
41.4
38.6
241.9
211.7
230.1

88.8
67
58
15.3
0.866
0.0288
39.1
3478
3478
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1992
120
0.010
47.3
36.2
41.2
38.5
243.0
213.2
230.6

88.8
64
56
15.5
0.886
0.0282
39.0
3465
3465
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1993
111
0.008
48.6
36.7
42.3
39.4
238.6
207.9
225.8

91.1
67
58
13.8
0.870
0.0291
39.8
3629
3629
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1994
97
0.007
48.9
36.9
41.9
39.3
237.4
209.8
226.1

91.9
62
56
14.5
0.902
0.0281
39.8
3661
3661
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1995
33
0.002
53.7
39.7
46.0
42.8
223.4
192.8
207.9

99.9
63
57
13.9
0.900
0.0284
42.8
4278
4278
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1996
37
0.003
52.3
38.6
44.4
41.4
229.3
199.6
214.5

100.0
72
60
14.0
0.846
0.0298
41.6
4157
4157
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1997
13
0.001
54.4
39.5
46.1
42.8
224.9
192.6
207.8

90.5
61
55
14.8
0.902
0.0275
42.8
3871
3871
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1998
12
0.001
53.6
38.1
46.1
42.0
233.3
192.7
211.7

89.7
60
55
15.3
0.917
0.0275
42.0
3765
3765
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
1999
8
0.001
50.3
35.4
43.5
39.3
251.2
204.1
225.9

88.0
61
55
15.2
0.902
0.0275
39.3
3461
3461
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2000
11
0.001
61.6
42.7
51.6
47.1
201.1
166.2
188.6

68.1
61
61
12.7
1.005
0.0306
48.8
3153
3153
52.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2001
2
0.000
75.6
50.8
61.8
56.3
174.8
143.9
157.7

50.0
61
67
11.0
1.098
0.0335
56.3
2817
2817
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2002
1
0.000
75.3
50.2
60.7
55.6
177.1
146.3
160.0

50.0
61
67
11.0
1.098
0.0335
55.6
2778
2778
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2003
0
0.000
75.1
49.4
60.3
55.0
180.0
147.3
161.7

50.0
61
67
11.0
1.098
0.0335
55.0
2749
2749
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2004
0
0.000
73.8
48.6
57.9
53.5
182.9
153.4
166.2

50.0
61
67
11.0
1.098
0.0335
53.5
2673
2673
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2005
0
0.000
74.3
48.3
57.7
53.3
183.9
154.0
166.9

50.0
61
73
11.2
1.197
0.0365
53.3
2663
2663
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2006
0
0.000
73.8
47.9
57.6
53.0
185.5
154.4
167.8

50.0
61
73
11.0
1.197
0.0365
53.0
2649
2649
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2007




















Sedan/Wagon
2000
2008
22
0.002
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.2
1.148
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2009
14
0.002
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
26.8
50.0
61
70
12.9
1.148
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2010
3
0.000
49.1
33.3
40.0
36.8
266.9
222.0
241.3
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.8
1841
1841

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2011
4
0.000
53.2
36.1
41.2
38.8
0.0
0.0
214.0
26.8
50.0
61
66
13.2
1.148
0.0329
42.6
2131
2131

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2012
5
0.000
49.5
33.8
37.7
35.9
262.7
235.8
247.4
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
35.9
1796
1796

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2013
13
0.001
49.8
34.1
37.9
36.2
260.7
234.6
245.8
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.2
1808
1808

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2014
5
0.000
49.7
34.0
37.9
36.1
261.1
234.8
246.1
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.1
1806
1806

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2015
8
0.000
49.7
34.0
37.8
36.1
261.1
235.2
246.3
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.1
1804
1804

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2016




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-3
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
1750
2018















Sedan/Wagon
2000
1975


88.1%

11.9%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1976

7.5%
89.7%
10.3%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1977


87.0%
13.0%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1978


93.4%

6.6%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1979


78.8%

10.3%

10.8%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1980


68.5%
16.1%
CO
o

7.4%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1981

17.3%
90.6%
9.4%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1982

14.9%
88.3%
4.5%
2.5%

4.7%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1983

8.1%
93.4%



6.6%
91.9%

8.1%





Sedan/Wagon
2000
1984

1.3%
96.7%

3.1%

0.2%
98.7%

1.3%





Sedan/Wagon
2000
1985


94.7%

5.3%


88.1%

11.9%





Sedan/Wagon
2000
1986


100.0%




100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2000
1987


80.5%
19.5%



93.7%

6.3%


26.4%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1988
6.1%

99.0%
1.0%



86.0%

14.0%
0.0%

17.5%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1989


65.0%
35.0%



42.8%

37.9%
19.3%

8.3%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1990


89.8%
10.2%



2.6%

50.5%
46.9%

3.0%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1991


68.4%
31.6%



1.7%

29.1%
69.2%

1.3%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1992


53.4%
46.6%



0.4%

13.0%
86.6%

0.4%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1993


76.2%
23.8%





28.7%
71.3%

1.8%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1994


52.3%
47.7%





1.5%
98.5%

1.5%


Sedan/Wagon
2000
1995


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
2000
1996


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
2000
1997


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
2000
1998


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
2000
1999


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
2000
2000

47.6%
100.0%






52.4%
47.6%

52.4%
52.4%
52.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2001


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2002


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2003


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2004


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2005


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2006


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2007















Sedan/Wagon
2000
2008

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2009

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2010

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2011

100.0%

100.0%





85.8%


85.8%
85.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2012

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2013

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2014

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2015

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2000
2016















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-4
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2017




















Sedan/Wagon
2000
2018




















Sedan/Wagon
2250
1975
375
0.037
28.3
21.6
28.4
24.2
408.0
310.5
367.5


89
66

0.749
0.0294
27.4


46.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1976
570
0.046
29.6
23.2
28.2
25.2
379.0
312.1
352.3


91
67

0.736
0.0296
28.6


37.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1977
851
0.060
32.1
25.0
30.8
27.3
348.6
284.8
325.8

85.5
90
68

0.762
0.0303
31.3
2385
2683
43.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1978
887
0.061
31.9
25.2
29.9
27.1
344.5
292.5
328.8

85.6
89
67
15.0
0.758
0.0298
31.3
2394
2694
41.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1979
699
0.050
31.4
24.7
29.6
26.7
356.3
298.4
334.6

88.0
88
66
16.8
0.745
0.0291
30.5
2394
2694
44.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1980
1162
0.103
32.4
25.6
30.4
27.5
345.5
292.1
325.8

89.6
92
67
16.9
0.722
0.0296
31.6
2515
2830
57.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1981
1191
0.113
34.4
27.2
32.4
29.3
327.2
273.7
306.3

91.3
96
68
16.6
0.710
0.0302
33.5
2713
3052
69.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1982
884
0.091
35.6
28.2
33.3
30.3
314.4
265.1
295.0

92.5
94
66
18.0
0.703
0.0294
34.5
2833
3187
79.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1983
985
0.096
36.2
28.6
34.1
30.8
308.2
258.0
288.8

96.4
95
67
16.4
0.709
0.0298
35.1
3003
3379
93.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1984
899
0.064
37.1
29.3
34.8
31.5
300.6
252.0
282.5

97.2
94
68
16.1
0.721
0.0303
36.0
3113
3502
91.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1985
840
0.058
37.5
29.8
34.9
31.9
294.7
250.9
278.5

96.9
94
70
15.6
0.748
0.0312
36.3
3130
3521
97.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1986
745
0.048
38.5
30.6
35.2
32.5
287.4
249.1
273.1

93.1
93
68
15.2
0.737
0.0304
37.0
3068
3452
96.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1987
461
0.031
39.0
30.9
35.3
32.8
285.3
249.7
271.0

89.7
91
69
15.3
0.766
0.0308
37.2
2972
3344
96.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1988
401
0.026
38.9
30.6
35.1
32.6
287.8
250.9
272.7

91.7
90
73
14.9
0.808
0.0325
37.0
3015
3392
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1989
280
0.019
38.7
30.2
34.8
32.3
291.4
253.0
275.4

93.4
89
78
13.8
0.876
0.0347
36.6
3043
3424
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1990
97
0.008
39.6
30.9
35.0
32.8
283.7
250.7
271.3

87.6
86
77
13.1
0.891
0.0341
37.3
2858
3216
95.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1991
129
0.010
38.1
29.3
33.9
31.4
297.2
257.6
283.3

90.3
88
81
12.7
0.921
0.0360
36.0
2838
3193
95.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1992
146
0.012
39.7
30.1
35.4
32.5
287.4
244.8
273.1

93.2
89
82
12.2
0.924
0.0365
37.5
3110
3498
99.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1993
136
0.010
38.7
29.2
34.3
31.6
299.6
255.0
281.6

94.4
88
81
11.6
0.921
0.0362
36.1
3026
3404
98.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1994
117
0.008
39.6
29.4
35.3
32.1
298.3
249.1
276.4

95.5
86
76
12.1
0.885
0.0340
36.6
3107
3495
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1995
161
0.011
40.4
30.0
35.6
32.6
293.9
247.7
272.3

95.8
84
76
12.8
0.903
0.0339
37.0
3152
3546
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1996
135
0.010
38.9
28.7
34.1
31.3
309.1
259.2
284.2

95.7
90
78
13.3
0.869
0.0349
35.3
3001
3376
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1997
87
0.006
39.3
28.7
34.4
31.4
308.6
256.0
282.8

92.1
81
73
13.8
0.891
0.0322
35.6
2916
3281
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1998
26
0.002
39.0
28.4
33.7
31.0
310.5
262.4
286.8

89.8
80
80
13.4
1.002
0.0356
35.1
2801
3152
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
1999
23
0.002
38.6
27.8
33.4
30.6
317.9
264.5
290.7

88.1
81
81
13.3
1.003
0.0359
34.6
2706
3044
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2000
43
0.003
39.6
28.2
34.3
31.2
314.2
257.5
285.1

92.3
83
89
11.9
1.063
0.0395
35.3
2907
3270
40.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2001
24
0.002
39.3
27.9
33.6
30.8
312.3
260.3
288.9

86.6
80
81
12.5
1.015
0.0361
35.2
2673
3007
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2002
3
0.000
51.5
35.9
42.4
39.2
235.5
205.1
226.5

77.9
78
88
10.2
1.125
0.0393
45.7
2969
3341
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2003
2
0.000
50.8
35.0
41.8
38.5
244.7
209.3
230.9

82.9
81
93
10.0
1.136
0.0414
44.4
3114
3504
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2004
0
0.000
64.5
44.5
48.8
46.8
197.8
181.4
189.8

53.2
63
68
11.1
1.073
0.0301
53.0
2468
2777
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2005
5
0.000
34.1
23.6
29.0
26.4
355.1
291.0
336.9

65.4
101
157
7.5
1.520
0.0698
31.4
1924
2165
37.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2006
2
0.000
34.3
23.4
29.6
26.6
344.4
283.1
334.2

50.0
100
166
7.2
1.615
0.0739
32.3
1434
1613
20.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2007
1
0.000
29.9
20.3
26.6
23.5
436.9
333.6
378.1

50.0
110
232
5.5
2.110
0.1031
26.4
1175
1322

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2008
0
0.000
29.9
20.4
26.7
23.5
436.0
333.4
377.6
36.7
50.0
110
229
5.6
2.082
0.1018
26.5
1177
1324

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2009
1
0.000
30.0
20.4
26.7
23.6
435.2
333.0
377.1
48.4
50.0
110
225
5.5
2.045
0.1000
26.5
1179
1326

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2010
0
0.000
29.8
20.3
26.6
23.4
438.4
334.0
379.0
49.4
50.0
110
237
5.4
2.157
0.1054
26.4
1173
1319

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2011
0
0.000
29.9
20.3
26.4
23.4
437.0
337.2
380.3
36.7
50.0
110
231
5.5
2.103
0.1028
26.3
1169
1315

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2012
10
0.001
52.3
36.0
37.4
36.8
246.9
237.6
241.6
31.6
77.4
81
94
10.6
1.159
0.0418
41.4
2847
3202
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2013
4
0.000
60.7
42.2
42.8
42.6
0.0
0.0
190.8
30.6
71.6
81
90
10.8
1.159
0.0399
57.2
3338
3755
79.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2014
26
0.002
56.7
37.8
43.4
40.8
0.0
0.0
211.2
36.1
96.5
74
76
12.3
1.032
0.0338
49.4
4005
4506
92.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2015
38
0.002
56.2
37.3
43.3
40.5
0.0
0.0
215.3
36.9
100.4
73
74
12.5
1.018
0.0330
47.8
4100
4613
95.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-5
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
2000
2017















Sedan/Wagon
2000
2018















Sedan/Wagon
2250
1975

53.9%
88.0%
9.7%
2.3%


77.4%

22.6%





Sedan/Wagon
2250
1976

62.5%
72.2%
27.8%



94.3%

5.7%





Sedan/Wagon
2250
1977

57.0%
78.9%
21.1%



83.7%

14.4%

1.9%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1978

58.4%
77.5%
19.4%
3.1%


79.2%

16.7%

4.1%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1979

55.2%
82.5%
13.0%
1.0%

3.5%
79.0%

15.6%

5.5%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1980

42.1%
76.5%
19.3%
0.7%

3.4%
75.7%

14.9%

9.3%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1981

30.2%
78.4%
12.3%
5.0%

4.3%
84.3%

6.5%

9.2%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1982

20.2%
71.6%
18.3%
6.8%

3.3%
89.6%

5.7%

4.7%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1983
1.6%
5.2%
70.6%
17.1%
10.2%

2.0%
78.5%

CO
o
12.1%
1.4%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1984

8.9%
71.8%
14.7%
13.5%

0.0%
74.1%

6.8%
16.5%
2.6%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1985
0.3%
2.5%
65.3%
13.0%
21.6%


89.7%

1.6%
CO
CT1
0.1%



Sedan/Wagon
2250
1986

3.7%
65.5%
14.5%
20.1%


85.9%

7.7%
6.3%
0.0%
5.6%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1987

3.7%
70.5%
15.3%
14.1%


86.8%

9.9%
3.4%

49.5%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1988


69.9%
12.1%
18.0%


62.5%

9.4%
28.1%

48.4%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1989


63.5%
17.0%
15.0%
4.5%

66.9%

5.1%
28.0%

63.5%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1990
4.6%

70.3%
23.6%
3.6%
2.5%

40.4%

39.4%
20.3%

66.3%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1991
4.3%

69.6%
5.7%
22.3%
2.4%

0.9%

80.3%
18.8%

86.9%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1992
0.2%

80.0%
7.3%
12.5%
0.2%

0.2%

97.8%
2.0%

77.9%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1993
1.4%

76.0%
10.2%
13.3%
0.5%



98.2%
1.8%

87.8%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1994


79.9%
3.5%
16.6%




96.5%
3.5%

62.3%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1995


48.7%
23.6%
27.7%




69.9%
30.1%

37.9%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1996


29.5%
37.6%
32.8%




63.1%
36.9%

43.2%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1997


39.1%
56.5%
4.4%




38.2%
61.8%

17.3%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1998


22.8%
77.2%





100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
1999


23.5%
76.5%





100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
2250
2000

59.4%
39.3%
60.7%





100.0%


100.0%
33.9%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2001


15.3%
78.4%

6.2%



100.0%


34.4%
16.5%
6.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2002


54.4%


45.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
45.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2003


65.3%


34.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
34.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2004


6.4%


93.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
93.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2005

63.0%
93.7%


6.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
6.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2006

80.0%
80.0%


20.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
20.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2007

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2008

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2009

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2010

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2011

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2012





100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2013

21.0%

21.0%

79.0%



79.0%


79.0%
79.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2014

7.9%
15.7%
7.9%

76.4%



92.1%


92.1%
92.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2015

5.0%
CO
CO
5.0%

86.2%



95.0%


95.0%
95.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-6
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2016
1
0.000
152.8
121.7
93.2
103.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
26.8
50.0

47
11.5

0.0209
116.6
5183
5830

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2017
18
0.001
55.7
37.3
44.8
41.3
238.0
198.1
215.4
37.5
103.3
73
78
12.2
1.071
0.0347
46.4
4264
4797
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2018

0.001
55.3
36.5
42.7
39.8
243.4
208.1
223.4
37.5
103.3
73
78
12.2
1.071
0.0347
44.8
4112
4625
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1975
406
0.040
24.4
18.8
23.8
20.8
469.1
369.4
427.6


95
73

0.774
0.0292
26.1


36.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1976
349
0.028
26.2
20.2
25.8
22.4
433.9
340.8
396.8


97
73

0.755
0.0294
28.3


18.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1977
465
0.033
29.3
23.0
27.9
24.9
384.2
315.9
356.7

90.3
98
75

0.764
0.0299
31.5
2278
2847
20.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1978
782
0.054
27.9
22.1
26.2
23.8
397.1
335.5
373.7

91.6
101
74
15.1
0.734
0.0297
30.0
2197
2746
34.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1979
1078
0.078
27.9
22.2
25.8
23.7
398.1
340.9
374.9

90.6
101
72
17.0
0.710
0.0287
29.8
2163
2703
43.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1980
1172
0.104
28.0
22.3
26.0
23.8
397.3
339.1
374.3

92.3
104
71
17.5
0.680
0.0283
30.0
2218
2772
47.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1981
1532
0.145
29.4
23.2
27.6
25.0
381.5
318.7
356.7

94.8
108
76
16.6
0.711
0.0305
31.5
2398
2997
53.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1982
1443
0.148
31.2
24.4
29.7
26.6
362.0
295.7
335.6

91.5
106
72
18.2
0.683
0.0289
33.6
2469
3086
69.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1983
1240
0.120
32.2
25.3
30.5
27.4
347.4
287.6
324.7

94.8
107
75
16.3
0.705
0.0300
34.6
2643
3303
68.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1984
1529
0.109
32.7
25.6
31.2
27.8
344.9
282.4
320.0

96.3
107
78
15.9
0.726
0.0312
35.2
2721
3401
75.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1985
1699
0.118
32.8
25.6
31.5
28.0
344.0
279.4
318.5

98.0
109
83
15.0
0.760
0.0330
35.4
2789
3486
77.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1986
1622
0.106
33.7
26.3
31.8
28.6
335.8
277.0
311.5

100.0
106
80
14.6
0.759
0.0321
36.0
2882
3602
94.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1987
1975
0.133
33.4
26.0
31.3
28.2
339.7
281.1
315.0

98.9
104
78
15.2
0.749
0.0311
35.5
2810
3513
97.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1988
1802
0.118
34.1
26.5
31.5
28.7
333.3
279.8
310.2

99.5
100
79
15.3
0.785
0.0314
36.0
2869
3586
99.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1989
1335
0.092
34.4
26.4
31.8
28.7
335.2
277.1
309.4

98.0
99
85
13.9
0.865
0.0339
36.1
2830
3537
97.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1990
942
0.075
35.1
26.9
32.1
29.2
328.5
274.9
304.5

94.0
97
89
12.5
0.920
0.0356
36.7
2768
3460
94.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1991
748
0.059
35.8
27.2
32.7
29.6
325.3
269.8
300.0

94.2
96
91
12.3
0.957
0.0365
37.2
2820
3524
94.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1992
525
0.043
35.9
26.8
33.1
29.6
328.6
265.7
300.4

94.1
97
94
11.9
0.980
0.0376
37.3
2818
3522
94.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1993
517
0.039
36.5
26.9
33.9
30.0
326.6
260.2
295.9

93.9
99
94
11.0
0.956
0.0374
37.8
2846
3557
95.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1994
424
0.030
36.0
26.3
33.5
29.5
333.8
262.0
301.4

94.4
100
92
11.3
0.930
0.0366
37.3
2828
3535
95.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1995
484
0.032
37.5
27.0
35.1
30.6
326.2
251.4
290.3

94.1
100
99
11.1
0.991
0.0396
38.5
2909
3637
95.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1996
329
0.025
37.4
26.6
34.9
30.4
330.9
252.6
292.7

95.3
103
102
11.2
0.999
0.0407
38.2
2933
3666
94.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1997
329
0.023
37.0
26.2
34.2
29.9
335.8
257.5
297.2

94.8
101
98
11.5
0.976
0.0393
37.6
2873
3592
94.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1998
207
0.014
37.3
26.0
34.9
30.1
340.6
253.9
295.7

99.6
104
97
11.8
0.948
0.0390
37.7
3003
3754
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
1999
253
0.017
35.9
24.9
33.3
28.8
354.8
264.7
308.4

93.1
105
103
11.4
0.983
0.0411
36.2
2722
3403
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2000
166
0.010
36.7
25.4
33.7
29.3
347.6
261.7
303.1

95.2
103
107
10.6
1.049
0.0428
36.9
2836
3544
88.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2001
214
0.014
36.2
25.0
32.6
28.7
352.2
270.5
309.9

99.8
100
102
10.8
1.032
0.0408
36.1
2890
3612
96.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2002
149
0.009
37.3
25.3
34.2
29.6
350.0
258.7
300.7

100.1
106
102
10.9
0.968
0.0406
37.1
2976
3719
96.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2003
39
0.002
40.8
28.0
35.3
31.6
315.6
250.5
280.8

93.6
94
112
10.4
1.185
0.0448
39.8
3018
3772
86.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2004
7
0.000
40.8
27.8
35.1
31.5
317.9
251.8
282.4

92.6
94
113
10.3
1.197
0.0450
39.6
2975
3719
84.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2005
10
0.001
41.1
27.8
35.1
31.5
318.8
252.3
281.9

95.7
93
111
10.5
1.193
0.0443
39.5
3052
3815
90.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2006
3
0.000
41.6
28.6
34.3
31.6
310.3
258.9
281.0

97.4
91
106
10.7
1.165
0.0424
39.5
3079
3849
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2007
159
0.010
42.4
28.9
35.3
32.2
307.3
252.0
275.8

99.1
91
106
10.9
1.165
0.0424
40.3
3193
3991
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2008
121
0.009
42.1
28.8
34.9
32.0
308.3
254.7
277.8
39.3
98.7
91
106
11.0
1.165
0.0424
40.0
3157
3946
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2009
73
0.008
42.0
28.8
34.7
31.9
308.7
255.7
278.5
39.1
97.6
91
106
10.8
1.165
0.0424
39.9
3114
3892
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2010
63
0.006
42.0
28.8
34.7
31.9
308.7
255.8
278.6
39.1
98.2
91
106
10.9
1.165
0.0424
39.9
3132
3915
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2011
43
0.004
41.1
28.0
33.3
30.8
317.4
266.5
288.7
39.7
98.9
91
103
11.1
1.132
0.0414
38.5
3048
3810
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2012
91
0.007
42.9
29.0
34.7
32.0
305.7
256.1
277.7
39.1
97.4
91
104
10.9
1.148
0.0416
40.0
3113
3892
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2013
89
0.006
43.2
28.8
35.7
32.4
307.9
248.6
274.6
37.7
97.5
83
95
11.8
1.143
0.0380
40.5
3156
3945
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2014
100
0.006
44.0
29.5
35.8
32.8
301.0
247.4
271.0
38.0
99.5
83
94
11.6
1.139
0.0378
41.1
3266
4082
100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-7
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
2250
2016

100.0%

100.0%











Sedan/Wagon
2250
2017


7.7%


92.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2250
2018


10.2%


89.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1975

64.0%
75.2%
24.7%
0.1%


79.6%

20.4%





Sedan/Wagon
2500
1976

81.7%
67.5%
32.5%



87.1%

12.9%





Sedan/Wagon
2500
1977

79.3%
69.3%
30.7%



86.3%

12.5%

1.2%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1978

65.7%
53.2%
46.8%



92.0%

CO
o





Sedan/Wagon
2500
1979
3.5%
52.8%
52.1%
43.2%
4.7%


97.2%

2.3%

0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1980
3.9%
48.3%
52.5%
47.5%



93.5%

3.8%

2.8%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1981
2.7%
43.8%
52.4%
46.7%
0.9%


93.4%

4.1%

2.5%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1982
0.6%
30.0%
57.3%
34.1%
CO
CT1


92.4%

4.6%

3.0%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1983
13.1%
18.0%
50.5%
28.0%
20.7%

0.8%
96.3%

3.2%
0.1%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1984
2.4%
22.1%
47.3%
26.2%
26.4%

0.1%
84.4%

11.9%
1.6%
2.2%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1985
9.2%
13.7%
53.7%
26.5%
19.8%


78.4%

15.7%
4.2%
1.7%



Sedan/Wagon
2500
1986
0.9%
4.9%
49.5%
28.4%
22.1%


76.8%

16.9%
5.3%
1.0%
2.7%


Sedan/Wagon
2500
1987
0.8%
1.5%
47.7%
19.7%
32.6%


66.8%

13.6%
19.5%

20.7%


Sedan/Wagon
2500
1988
0.3%
0.0%
48.3%
9.9%
41.8%


36.6%

11.9%
51.5%

31.8%


Sedan/Wagon
2500
1989
2.2%

52.0%
10.4%
37.6%


28.0%

24.7%
47.3%

44.7%


Sedan/Wagon
2500
1990
0.1%
5.5%
56.7%
9.0%
34.2%
0.1%

4.5%

44.5%
51.0%

58.7%


Sedan/Wagon
2500
1991
0.1%
5.2%
62.7%
0.7%
36.6%
0.1%



64.0%
36.0%

66.1%
5.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1992
0.0%
5.3%
53.6%
0.1%
46.3%
0.0%



82.6%
17.4%

64.3%
8.9%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1993
0.0%
4.2%
61.9%
5.3%
32.8%
0.0%



76.7%
23.3%

55.1%
4.6%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1994

4.8%
50.7%
7.7%
41.6%




75.4%
24.6%

68.4%
3.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1995

4.1%
48.4%
6.0%
45.6%




100.0%


66.4%
1.4%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1996

5.8%
50.1%
6.2%
43.7%




100.0%


65.1%
CO
CO

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1997

5.6%
47.0%

53.0%




100.0%


60.4%
1.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1998

0.0%
38.9%

61.1%




100.0%


54.0%
2.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
1999


41.9%

58.1%




100.0%


59.9%
0.2%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2000

11.6%
45.3%

54.7%




100.0%


71.0%
29.3%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2001

3.2%
36.1%

63.9%




100.0%


73.4%
26.6%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2002

3.6%
38.0%

62.0%




100.0%


43.4%
24.2%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2003

13.3%
23.9%

76.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2004

15.3%
32.3%

67.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2005

9.3%
15.0%

85.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2006


29.5%

70.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2007


18.2%

81.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2008


16.8%

83.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2009


12.9%

87.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2010


11.6%

88.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2011


14.5%

85.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2012


27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2013


25.8%

74.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2014


19.2%

38.0%
42.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-8
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2015
61
0.004
44.9
30.1
36.3
33.3
295.1
244.6
266.6
37.5
97.6
82
95
11.5
1.156
0.0381
41.7
3252
4065
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2016
52
0.003
45.3
29.9
37.3
33.7
296.0
237.3
263.8
36.1
81.3
90
104
10.8
1.167
0.0416
42.3
2771
3464
65.1%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2017
73
0.004
47.9
31.9
40.3
36.2
0.0
0.0
244.8
37.1
96.1
83
88
12.0
1.067
0.0354
45.8
3517
4396
93.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2018

0.003
47.0
31.2
38.1
34.8
0.0
0.0
255.2
37.8
97.4
84
90
11.9
1.063
0.0361
44.0
3427
4284
94.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1975
281
0.027
21.7
16.6
21.6
18.5
524.6
402.2
479.6


127
100

0.799
0.0365
25.9


0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1976
203
0.016
24.5
19.0
23.7
20.9
461.4
368.9
425.9


122
96

0.794
0.0348
29.1


0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1977
349
0.025
24.8
19.2
24.1
21.1
456.6
363.4
420.4

80.3
126
96

0.765
0.0350
29.4
1728
2375
2.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1978
498
0.034
24.8
19.3
24.1
21.2
455.4
364.6
419.9

88.6
129
95
13.4
0.740
0.0344
29.4
1892
2602
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1979
459
0.033
24.0
18.5
23.7
20.5
475.3
373.0
433.6

82.2
132
94
14.7
0.710
0.0341
28.4
1720
2365
5.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1980
973
0.086
26.1
19.9
26.0
22.2
439.7
338.8
399.5

96.0
142
93
14.9
0.665
0.0339
30.9
2176
2992
47.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1981
715
0.068
27.7
21.6
26.7
23.6
409.1
331.2
376.6

107.2
137
92
15.3
0.678
0.0333
32.7
2533
3482
70.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1982
961
0.099
28.8
22.0
28.5
24.5
402.4
310.7
362.2

104.3
124
87
17.0
0.707
0.0316
33.8
2566
3528
77.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1983
863
0.084
30.2
23.6
28.9
25.7
374.1
304.3
345.8

106.3
124
88
15.4
0.712
0.0320
35.6
2756
3790
89.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1984
2051
0.146
30.1
23.3
29.3
25.7
379.2
301.5
346.3

102.7
127
89
15.2
0.705
0.0324
35.5
2653
3648
87.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1985
1878
0.130
30.6
23.7
29.6
26.0
372.7
298.7
341.3

103.3
128
94
14.6
0.735
0.0340
36.0
2707
3722
93.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1986
1899
0.124
30.6
23.6
29.7
26.0
374.8
297.4
341.8

102.0
125
95
13.6
0.769
0.0347
36.0
2667
3667
92.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1987
1896
0.128
30.8
23.6
29.7
26.1
375.6
297.4
340.9

101.7
124
96
13.8
0.790
0.0350
36.0
2658
3655
95.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1988
1519
0.099
31.5
23.9
30.3
26.5
369.9
291.9
334.8

102.1
123
97
13.8
0.804
0.0354
36.6
2717
3736
97.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1989
1204
0.083
31.8
24.0
30.4
26.7
369.8
290.9
333.5

101.7
118
96
13.6
0.820
0.0349
36.8
2719
3738
97.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1990
1081
0.086
31.9
24.1
30.1
26.7
368.1
293.5
333.4

98.7
111
100
12.5
0.919
0.0364
36.7
2637
3625
99.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1991
1462
0.116
32.5
24.1
31.0
27.0
367.3
285.5
329.1

100.3
112
100
12.5
0.913
0.0364
37.3
2724
3746
99.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1992
1280
0.105
32.6
24.0
31.1
27.0
368.0
283.7
328.8

98.5
110
106
11.7
0.972
0.0386
37.4
2681
3687
99.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1993
1651
0.125
33.0
24.0
31.4
27.2
367.3
281.8
326.5

101.9
112
106
11.0
0.955
0.0384
37.6
2789
3835
98.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1994
1522
0.108
33.6
24.3
32.1
27.7
364.2
275.4
321.1

101.2
109
108
10.7
1.001
0.0394
38.2
2816
3872
98.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1995
1747
0.115
33.9
24.4
32.1
27.8
362.8
275.1
319.7

102.6
110
111
11.0
1.017
0.0403
38.4
2865
3940
99.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1996
1241
0.094
33.9
24.2
31.7
27.6
364.2
278.2
322.1

101.5
108
117
11.0
1.086
0.0427
38.2
2816
3872
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1997
1637
0.113
34.0
24.1
31.8
27.6
366.0
278.1
321.8

100.5
109
113
11.2
1.039
0.0409
38.2
2788
3833
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1998
1621
0.112
34.5
24.2
32.4
27.9
364.6
273.6
318.1

100.5
110
117
11.2
1.071
0.0427
38.6
2820
3877
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
1999
1347
0.089
34.6
24.2
32.0
27.9
365.6
276.5
319.1

100.5
110
118
11.1
1.078
0.0428
38.4
2807
3860
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2000
1318
0.080
34.3
23.8
31.5
27.4
370.7
281.3
324.0

100.5
108
120
10.5
1.118
0.0437
37.9
2768
3806
96.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2001
1184
0.076
35.9
24.7
33.0
28.6
356.9
267.8
310.7

99.6
108
121
10.3
1.122
0.0440
39.6
2874
3952
94.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2002
913
0.057
36.3
24.8
33.0
28.8
355.7
267.5
309.0

99.6
107
119
10.5
1.121
0.0434
39.8
2884
3966
98.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2003
691
0.044
37.1
25.1
33.5
29.2
352.3
264.0
304.2

100.8
106
123
10.2
1.154
0.0447
40.3
2964
4075
98.2%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2004
729
0.046
36.9
24.8
33.2
28.9
356.7
266.6
307.1

101.6
105
120
10.4
1.144
0.0436
39.9
2955
4062
98.8%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2005
941
0.059
37.3
25.0
33.1
29.0
354.1
267.6
306.3

102.1
106
121
10.3
1.144
0.0439
40.1
2976
4092
99.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2006
628
0.042
37.8
25.3
33.4
29.3
350.0
265.3
303.1

101.0
104
119
10.6
1.142
0.0432
40.5
2982
4100
96.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2007
549
0.036
38.2
25.4
33.9
29.7
347.8
261.2
299.5

102.0
104
120
10.5
1.145
0.0435
40.9
3044
4186
97.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2008
437
0.031
37.9
25.2
33.7
29.4
350.2
263.2
301.9
40.4
102.5
104
119
10.6
1.147
0.0434
40.6
3042
4182
96.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2009
271
0.029
38.3
25.9
33.1
29.6
341.5
267.1
300.2
39.3
104.9
96
111
10.8
1.159
0.0404
40.8
3122
4293
98.4%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2010
194
0.017
39.0
26.3
33.8
30.1
336.3
262.1
295.1
39.3
105.1
97
113
10.8
1.174
0.0413
41.5
3188
4383
96.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2011
237
0.020
40.4
26.9
34.2
30.6
328.9
258.4
290.2
39.3
101.2
97
114
10.6
1.175
0.0416
42.3
3120
4290
97.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2012
400
0.030
44.4
29.8
36.6
33.3
0.0
0.0
266.2
40.0
101.4
95
115
10.2
1.211
0.0420
47.1
3485
4792
98.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2013
473
0.031
44.2
29.5
36.7
33.2
0.0
0.0
267.6
40.2
101.3
95
120
10.0
1.259
0.0437
46.5
3438
4727
98.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-9
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
2500
2015


16.4%

42.7%
40.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2016

34.9%
29.9%
12.2%
17.8%
40.2%


35.9%
64.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2017

6.6%
10.7%
3.5%
15.6%
70.3%


6.2%
93.1%


99.3%
99.3%

Sedan/Wagon
2500
2018

5.2%
13.9%
0.5%
20.3%
65.3%


6.0%
93.5%


99.5%
99.5%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1975

99.6%
70.3%
29.3%
0.3%


96.1%

3.9%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1976

99.1%
63.5%
36.5%



96.4%

3.6%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1977

98.0%
67.5%
32.5%



90.6%

9.4%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1978

99.1%
66.7%
33.3%



94.5%

5.5%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1979

94.6%
59.6%
40.4%



93.9%

6.1%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1980

52.1%
53.6%
46.4%



86.2%

13.8%





Sedan/Wagon
2750
1981

30.0%
36.0%
64.0%



81.1%

18.3%

0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
2750
1982
3.1%
19.0%
33.7%
36.1%
30.2%


87.4%

6.4%
5.8%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
2750
1983
4.0%
6.6%
31.2%
35.8%
33.0%


46.5%

12.3%
40.6%
0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
2750
1984
2.2%
10.1%
30.5%
33.1%
36.3%

0.1%
44.3%

12.2%
42.4%
1.0%



Sedan/Wagon
2750
1985
2.8%
3.8%
21.8%
33.1%
45.1%


25.6%

14.5%
59.5%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
2750
1986
2.9%
4.4%
34.7%
17.7%
47.5%


15.0%

32.1%
52.6%
0.3%
17.5%


Sedan/Wagon
2750
1987
1.9%
2.4%
31.5%
24.5%
44.0%


16.6%

24.7%
58.4%
0.2%
26.4%


Sedan/Wagon
2750
1988
1.8%
0.8%
31.0%
10.8%
58.1%


21.4%

18.9%
59.8%

27.2%


Sedan/Wagon
2750
1989
1.1%
1.4%
29.6%
11.2%
59.2%


14.1%

21.8%
63.8%
0.3%
22.6%


Sedan/Wagon
2750
1990
0.9%
0.1%
25.7%
8.7%
65.5%


0.4%

56.5%
43.0%
0.2%
46.9%


Sedan/Wagon
2750
1991
0.2%
0.6%
28.1%
4.0%
68.0%




63.5%
36.1%
0.3%
47.0%
6.6%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1992
0.5%

30.1%
5.5%
64.4%




85.9%
14.0%
0.1%
58.8%
11.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1993
1.6%
0.0%
27.3%
3.3%
69.4%




93.8%
6.2%

52.9%
12.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1994
0.1%
1.2%
32.1%
1.5%
66.4%




99.7%
0.3%

67.4%
20.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1995
0.0%
0.1%
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%


74.7%
13.3%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1996


25.1%

74.8%
0.1%



100.0%


88.0%
17.3%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1997

0.0%
22.1%

77.5%
0.4%



100.0%


75.7%
16.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1998

0.0%
22.3%
0.3%
77.1%
0.3%



100.0%


83.2%
22.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
1999


19.1%
0.5%
80.3%
0.2%



100.0%


83.3%
20.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2000

3.1%
21.1%
1.6%
77.2%
0.1%



100.0%


92.2%
42.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2001

5.8%
20.1%
1.4%
78.4%
0.1%



100.0%


93.1%
65.9%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2002

1.5%
22.1%
0.6%
77.0%
0.4%



100.0%


93.8%
63.4%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2003

1.8%
21.3%

77.4%
1.3%



100.0%


100.0%
80.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2004

1.2%
23.0%

75.7%
1.3%



100.0%


99.6%
78.4%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2005

0.4%
16.8%

82.2%
1.0%



100.0%


93.2%
75.4%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2006

3.3%
17.1%

81.5%
1.5%



100.0%


91.8%
86.1%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2007

2.4%
14.9%

85.1%




100.0%


87.8%
79.7%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2008

3.7%
19.3%

80.7%




100.0%


98.0%
60.7%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2009

1.6%
21.1%

78.9%




100.0%


100.0%
84.8%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2010

3.7%
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2011

2.3%
13.4%

86.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
2750
2012

2.0%
9.8%

60.5%
29.7%


24.8%
74.8%


99.6%
99.6%
11.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2013

1.2%
10.2%

69.8%
20.0%


33.5%
66.4%


100.0%
100.0%
9.5%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-10
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2014
360
0.023
45.5
29.7
38.1
34.0
0.0
0.0
261.5
40.9
104.2
97
116
10.1
1.195
0.0421
47.7
3624
4983
99.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2015
473
0.028
45.5
30.1
37.6
34.0
286.0
234.9
261.7
40.7
105.1
96
117
10.1
1.222
0.0425
47.4
3636
4999
98.9%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2016
464
0.029
45.3
29.7
38.0
33.9
0.0
0.0
262.1
40.9
105.1
96
120
10.0
1.247
0.0436
47.1
3607
4960
98.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2017
360
0.021
44.4
29.2
38.8
34.0
0.0
0.0
261.6
40.8
102.5
96
122
9.9
1.271
0.0445
47.0
3518
4837
95.3%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2018

0.016
46.4
30.5
38.4
34.5
0.0
0.0
257.3
40.6
101.8
95
116
10.1
1.218
0.0422
48.1
3568
4907
95.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1975
828
0.081
21.4
16.6
20.9
18.3
528.9
417.9
486.0


147
99

0.674
0.0329
27.8


3.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1976
884
0.072
23.5
18.1
23.1
20.1
485.7
378.4
443.0


147
95

0.657
0.0317
30.4


2.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1977
584
0.041
23.2
18.1
22.3
19.8
483.7
391.3
449.0

87.6
146
104

0.715
0.0347
30.1
1771
2656
3.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1978
903
0.062
22.5
17.7
21.3
19.2
496.0
410.5
464.0

97.3
164
102
13.9
0.637
0.0339
29.1
1885
2828
4.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1979
1286
0.093
22.1
17.2
21.3
18.9
511.6
410.5
471.5

96.3
162
100
14.8
0.634
0.0333
28.6
1834
2751
2.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1980
2026
0.179
23.6
18.3
23.0
20.1
483.9
384.5
441.6

100.9
164
100
15.1
0.624
0.0334
30.3
2040
3060
32.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1981
1626
0.154
24.4
19.0
23.4
20.8
465.1
375.5
428.3

103.8
165
101
15.2
0.619
0.0335
31.4
2168
3252
45.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1982
1554
0.160
25.7
19.7
25.4
21.9
446.9
343.9
405.8

104.2
163
103
16.0
0.640
0.0343
33.3
2319
3479
53.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1983
1515
0.147
25.8
19.8
25.6
22.0
445.7
342.5
403.7

105.4
161
105
14.5
0.658
0.0349
33.4
2346
3520
63.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1984
1994
0.142
26.4
20.2
26.2
22.5
435.5
336.4
394.5

104.9
157
107
14.2
0.689
0.0357
34.1
2381
3571
73.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1985
2037
0.141
27.1
20.7
26.9
23.1
425.0
326.6
384.7

106.7
154
110
13.8
0.727
0.0366
35.0
2489
3734
77.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1986
2830
0.184
27.5
21.0
27.1
23.4
420.8
325.1
380.1

106.6
151
108
13.4
0.723
0.0359
35.3
2513
3770
82.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1987
2743
0.185
27.9
21.2
27.4
23.6
415.6
321.5
375.8

106.3
147
111
13.3
0.767
0.0371
35.8
2539
3809
84.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1988
3146
0.206
28.4
21.4
27.8
24.0
411.8
317.0
370.4

105.3
145
114
13.2
0.797
0.0380
36.3
2547
3821
90.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1989
3402
0.235
28.4
21.2
27.7
23.9
416.6
318.4
372.3

105.2
146
118
12.5
0.815
0.0393
36.0
2525
3788
91.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1990
2857
0.226
28.6
21.3
27.7
23.9
415.9
319.6
371.4

103.9
142
122
11.4
0.867
0.0405
36.0
2497
3746
95.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1991
2714
0.216
28.1
20.8
27.3
23.5
424.8
323.9
378.0

104.0
145
124
11.4
0.868
0.0414
35.5
2458
3687
93.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1992
1918
0.158
28.4
20.8
27.6
23.7
425.8
321.0
375.8

102.7
146
127
11.0
0.885
0.0423
35.6
2438
3657
94.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1993
2021
0.153
28.7
20.8
27.8
23.8
424.5
318.1
373.3

102.6
147
125
10.4
0.863
0.0417
35.9
2455
3683
94.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1994
2033
0.144
29.1
21.0
28.0
24.0
421.8
315.5
369.7

102.9
143
124
10.3
0.881
0.0413
36.2
2481
3721
99.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1995
1933
0.128
29.7
21.2
28.8
24.5
418.1
307.2
362.7

103.6
139
136
9.9
0.988
0.0452
36.9
2546
3819
95.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1996
1796
0.137
29.9
21.1
29.2
24.6
419.8
303.4
360.9

103.1
137
133
10.4
0.980
0.0444
37.0
2544
3817
96.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1997
1765
0.122
30.0
21.0
29.0
24.5
422.1
305.7
362.3

102.5
136
134
10.3
0.993
0.0447
36.9
2521
3781
95.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1998
1153
0.080
30.1
21.0
28.8
24.5
421.5
307.2
362.8

101.1
132
131
10.8
0.997
0.0436
37.0
2494
3741
94.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1999
924
0.061
30.1
20.9
28.4
24.4
422.8
311.2
364.8

99.9
128
128
10.9
1.001
0.0426
36.8
2455
3682
94.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2000
1470
0.089
30.6
21.3
28.6
24.7
415.7
309.7
360.3

102.0
126
127
10.6
1.007
0.0423
37.3
2544
3816
95.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2001
1255
0.080
31.6
21.8
29.1
25.3
402.2
304.1
352.0

102.5
125
129
10.4
1.031
0.0429
38.3
2628
3942
95.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2002
1587
0.099
31.4
21.6
28.9
25.1
406.9
306.0
354.7

104.2
124
132
10.3
1.064
0.0440
38.0
2642
3963
98.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2003
1776
0.113
32.8
22.4
29.8
26.0
390.6
296.6
342.1

104.4
121
133
10.1
1.098
0.0443
39.5
2747
4121
97.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2004
1576
0.100
33.5
22.5
30.4
26.4
383.2
289.1
336.8

105.5
123
136
9.9
1.103
0.0452
40.3
2842
4263
97.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2005
1738
0.109
34.2
23.0
30.6
26.8
368.7
285.7
332.0

106.1
121
135
9.8
1.110
0.0449
41.3
2935
4402
98.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2006
1673
0.111
34.9
23.3
31.4
27.3
365.8
277.9
325.1

103.4
120
139
9.7
1.156
0.0462
42.1
2913
4369
97.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2007
1780
0.116
36.4
24.3
32.4
28.4
345.9
268.9
313.1

104.5
120
137
9.7
1.143
0.0457
43.9
3081
4622
97.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2008
1660
0.119
37.5
25.1
33.2
29.2
334.6
263.1
304.8
42.6
104.2
118
135
9.8
1.145
0.0450
45.2
3156
4733
98.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2009
1565
0.168
38.4
25.7
33.9
29.8
336.4
259.9
298.5
42.5
104.2
115
135
9.8
1.171
0.0450
45.4
3161
4742
99.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2010
1809
0.163
38.2
25.5
33.8
29.6
345.6
262.0
300.0
42.7
105.4
116
138
9.8
1.196
0.0462
44.7
3136
4704
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2011
1085
0.090
38.6
25.6
33.3
29.5
345.2
265.6
301.5
43.0
106.8
114
139
9.7
1.227
0.0463
44.4
3152
4729
99.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2012
1875
0.139
40.2
26.5
35.0
30.8
333.1
251.9
288.7
43.4
106.6
114
145
9.3
1.275
0.0483
46.4
3295
4942
99.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-ll
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2014

1.0%
7.0%

45.7%
47.2%


27.4%
72.5%


99.9%
99.9%
10.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2015

1.1%
9.0%

34.2%
56.8%


34.4%
65.6%


100.0%
100.0%
7.6%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2016

1.5%
4.9%
12.5%
36.1%
46.6%


50.5%
49.5%


100.0%
100.0%
4.7%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2017

4.7%
9.4%
11.0%
43.3%
36.3%


52.5%
47.4%


100.0%
100.0%
1.5%
Sedan/Wagon
2750
2018

4.6%
10.7%
13.0%
36.9%
39.4%


45.7%
54.1%


99.8%
99.8%
9.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
1975

96.5%
48.5%
51.4%
0.1%


82.9%

17.1%





Sedan/Wagon
3000
1976

97.5%
50.4%
49.6%



90.2%

9.8%





Sedan/Wagon
3000
1977

96.4%
51.3%
48.7%



77.6%

22.4%





Sedan/Wagon
3000
1978

95.6%
35.2%
64.8%



82.0%

18.0%





Sedan/Wagon
3000
1979

97.4%
39.7%
60.3%



85.8%

14.1%

0.1%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1980

68.0%
30.9%
68.1%
1.0%


92.0%

7.5%

0.5%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1981

54.6%
21.6%
77.7%
0.7%


87.8%

11.9%

0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1982

46.8%
17.0%
17.9%
65.1%


53.8%

18.6%
26.9%
0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1983

37.0%
17.2%
20.1%
62.7%


50.1%

22.7%
26.5%
0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1984
0.2%
25.9%
16.2%
25.6%
58.2%


42.1%

27.6%
29.6%
0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1985
0.5%
21.6%
14.4%
32.1%
53.5%


27.4%

37.5%
34.7%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
3000
1986
1.0%
16.8%
15.1%
28.5%
56.4%


15.0%

35.7%
49.0%
0.2%
2.3%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1987
1.9%
14.0%
15.7%
20.8%
63.5%


0.9%

49.6%
49.5%
0.0%
10.6%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1988
1.2%
8.3%
17.2%
16.1%
66.8%




69.9%
30.1%
0.0%
22.6%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1989
1.4%
7.3%
16.4%
12.1%
71.5%


2.6%

73.4%
24.0%

33.6%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1990
0.7%
4.3%
20.8%
10.4%
68.8%


0.1%

74.9%
25.0%

46.7%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1991
1.5%
5.1%
18.4%
9.2%
72.4%




75.7%
24.3%

41.8%


Sedan/Wagon
3000
1992
0.7%
5.1%
20.3%
13.3%
66.3%




87.2%
12.8%

36.5%
0.2%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1993
0.9%
4.5%
19.7%
11.3%
68.9%




86.8%
13.2%

38.2%
0.2%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1994
0.3%
0.6%
16.5%
7.9%
75.6%




89.5%
10.5%

37.2%
0.7%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1995
2.6%
2.0%
22.1%

77.9%




98.6%
1.4%

65.5%
9.9%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1996
1.8%
1.5%
20.7%

79.3%




100.0%


61.9%
12.4%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1997
2.3%
2.2%
19.8%
0.1%
80.1%




99.9%

0.1%
69.1%
7.6%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1998
2.7%
2.7%
24.2%
0.3%
75.5%




99.0%

1.0%
57.4%
21.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
1999
2.5%
3.1%
26.9%
1.2%
72.0%




99.0%

1.0%
49.9%
24.9%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
2000
1.2%
3.1%
21.2%
1.7%
77.1%




98.6%

1.4%
48.2%
17.3%

Sedan/Wagon
3000
2001
0.7%
3.4%
22.8%
1.1%
74.8%
1.3%



98.6%

1.4%
56.5%
26.4%
1.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2002
0.2%
1.7%
19.2%
0.4%
79.0%
1.4%



98.9%

1.1%
64.4%
27.7%
1.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2003
1.4%
1.7%
19.4%

77.9%
2.7%



99.0%

1.0%
85.6%
40.1%
2.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2004
1.2%
1.2%
15.2%

79.8%
5.0%



99.4%

0.6%
92.7%
46.5%
4.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2005
0.8%
1.2%
15.9%

75.7%
8.4%



99.7%

0.3%
91.9%
62.6%
8.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2006
1.2%
1.6%
17.0%

75.8%
7.2%



99.9%

0.1%
94.7%
71.7%
7.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2007
0.8%
1.9%
14.3%

68.2%
17.5%


1.2%
98.8%


96.3%
55.9%
10.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2008
0.9%
1.1%
12.0%

66.9%
21.1%


1.3%
98.7%


98.1%
63.8%
12.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2009
0.7%
0.3%
9.8%

77.4%
12.8%


0.9%
99.1%


98.8%
79.4%
6.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2010
0.0%

6.3%

83.2%
10.5%


1.1%
98.9%


97.2%
90.3%
2.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2011
0.1%
0.0%
7.5%

76.3%
16.1%


3.1%
96.9%


97.0%
89.0%
2.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2012
0.8%
0.0%
8.0%
1.4%
79.8%
10.8%


27.4%
72.6%


97.6%
98.0%
1.3%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-12
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2013
2113
0.139
40.3
26.7
35.2
31.0
0.0
0.0
286.9
43.6
107.1
112
146
9.3
1.309
0.0487
46.9
3343
5014
97.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2014
1833
0.118
41.3
27.1
35.6
31.4
0.0
0.0
282.9
43.9
108.7
113
145
9.2
1.288
0.0485
47.8
3450
5176
98.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2015
1764
0.105
41.8
27.5
36.0
31.7
0.0
0.0
279.4
43.8
108.3
111
144
9.2
1.294
0.0479
48.6
3488
5233
98.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2016
1920
0.118
42.6
27.8
36.6
32.2
0.0
0.0
275.2
44.4
111.3
110
148
9.0
1.356
0.0493
49.1
3632
5447
98.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2017
1897
0.112
43.7
28.9
38.0
33.5
0.0
0.0
265.3
44.6
110.8
109
146
9.1
1.365
0.0487
50.8
3745
5618
98.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2018

0.102
43.6
28.7
37.0
32.9
0.0
0.0
269.9
44.4
111.3
109
144
9.2
1.348
0.0479
49.9
3699
5549
98.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1975
1029
0.101
18.2
14.3
17.1
15.5
608.4
510.6
575.7


227
102

0.463
0.0292
27.6



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1976
934
0.076
19.4
15.5
18.0
16.5
570.3
489.4
538.9


231
100

0.447
0.0286
29.2



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1977
724
0.051
20.2
16.1
18.8
17.2
546.5
469.6
517.9

102.4
232
104

0.458
0.0297
30.5
1789
3132

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1978
2992
0.207
20.2
15.8
19.2
17.2
559.1
461.0
517.6

111.1
257
120
13.8
0.468
0.0342
30.2
1919
3358

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1979
2684
0.193
20.2
16.0
18.8
17.2
553.7
470.8
518.5

112.3
252
120
14.4
0.477
0.0342
30.1
1934
3385

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1980
2148
0.190
20.7
16.3
19.8
17.7
544.6
449.0
503.8

111.3
244
115
15.1
0.477
0.0329
31.1
1980
3465
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1981
1829
0.173
22.2
17.3
21.4
18.9
513.4
413.6
471.2

113.3
234
113
15.2
0.487
0.0322
33.3
2160
3780

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1982
1421
0.146
22.4
17.3
21.8
19.1
510.4
406.9
468.2

112.0
237
118
15.8
0.505
0.0338
33.8
2170
3798
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1983
1669
0.162
22.8
17.5
22.6
19.5
505.4
392.2
457.5

111.8
238
122
14.1
0.524
0.0348
34.3
2199
3848
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1984
2220
0.158
22.9
17.5
22.8
19.5
504.2
387.8
455.3

109.6
236
127
13.6
0.556
0.0363
34.5
2167
3792
CO
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1985
2461
0.170
23.4
17.7
23.7
20.0
500.1
374.4
445.4

111.9
228
133
12.9
0.603
0.0379
35.1
2246
3930
35.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1986
2760
0.180
24.4
18.2
25.1
20.8
486.9
351.2
426.8

113.5
225
141
11.8
0.654
0.0404
36.5
2377
4160
49.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1987
2521
0.170
24.6
18.0
25.7
20.9
491.7
343.6
424.9

114.0
217
147
11.6
0.703
0.0421
36.7
2399
4199
64.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1988
2693
0.176
25.4
18.5
26.5
21.5
478.6
332.8
412.9

113.5
212
151
11.5
0.732
0.0431
37.9
2464
4312
72.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1989
2688
0.186
25.1
18.2
26.2
21.3
486.1
337.2
417.5

114.2
207
151
11.1
0.751
0.0431
37.4
2444
4278
80.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1990
2704
0.214
25.5
18.3
26.4
21.5
483.1
334.7
413.6

113.0
194
150
10.5
0.795
0.0430
37.7
2443
4275
84.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1991
2137
0.170
25.4
18.2
26.0
21.3
486.3
339.9
416.8

111.2
195
156
10.4
0.822
0.0446
37.4
2386
4176
79.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1992
2822
0.232
25.6
18.2
26.2
21.5
485.8
337.5
414.3

113.6
192
155
10.3
0.829
0.0442
37.6
2447
4283
78.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1993
2848
0.216
26.0
18.5
26.5
21.7
479.8
334.5
408.8

114.2
194
156
9.6
0.825
0.0447
38.2
2495
4365
87.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1994
2770
0.196
26.1
18.4
26.5
21.7
481.2
334.9
409.0

111.7
191
156
9.5
0.837
0.0445
38.2
2438
4266
84.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1995
3628
0.240
26.4
18.5
26.9
22.0
479.5
330.1
404.6

111.9
188
166
9.4
0.906
0.0473
38.5
2466
4315
79.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1996
3154
0.240
26.5
18.5
26.6
22.0
479.3
332.8
404.8

111.5
181
164
9.8
0.925
0.0470
38.5
2455
4297
89.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1997
3196
0.221
26.7
18.5
26.8
22.1
479.0
330.6
403.1

112.4
181
170
9.6
0.957
0.0486
38.7
2488
4353
88.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1998
3995
0.276
27.1
18.6
27.0
22.3
473.8
328.5
398.7

111.5
178
170
9.9
0.969
0.0485
39.2
2494
4365
88.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1999
4610
0.303
27.2
18.6
26.8
22.3
475.1
330.5
399.3

110.8
174
170
9.9
0.993
0.0486
39.1
2476
4333
90.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2000
4665
0.282
27.1
18.5
26.7
22.2
478.6
332.5
400.9

111.5
175
174
9.3
1.013
0.0498
38.9
2479
4339
88.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2001
4313
0.276
27.2
18.5
26.5
22.1
478.6
334.2
401.4

110.6
174
177
9.1
1.029
0.0505
38.9
2461
4307
88.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2002
4294
0.266
27.7
18.7
26.6
22.4
472.0
332.9
397.1

112.5
176
183
9.0
1.063
0.0524
39.4
2533
4433
88.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2003
4119
0.261
28.0
18.7
26.9
22.6
471.5
328.0
393.7

111.1
175
185
CO
CO
1.076
0.0528
39.7
2529
4426
87.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2004
3561
0.227
28.1
18.7
26.9
22.6
472.4
328.2
393.6

110.4
176
188
8.7
1.097
0.0538
39.8
2516
4404
84.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2005
3265
0.205
28.9
19.2
27.3
23.1
461.2
323.4
385.4

111.8
170
185
CO
CO
1.111
0.0528
40.7
2608
4563
85.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2006
3024
0.200
29.2
19.3
27.4
23.2
456.8
322.2
382.9

111.4
167
188
8.7
1.144
0.0537
41.0
2618
4581
85.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2007
3016
0.197
29.9
19.9
28.0
23.8
443.2
314.9
373.1

110.3
160
184
8.9
1.163
0.0525
42.0
2657
4651
86.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2008
2458
0.177
30.6
20.3
28.4
24.3
433.2
310.8
366.1
45.2
110.8
155
184
8.9
1.195
0.0525
42.8
2720
4760
86.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2009
2191
0.235
31.7
21.0
29.5
25.1
421.5
300.3
355.2
45.6
113.2
149
177
8.9
1.193
0.0507
44.2
2865
5013
89.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2010
2345
0.211
34.6
22.9
31.6
27.2
359.4
275.0
327.9
45.6
113.6
147
173
8.9
1.172
0.0495
49.8
3248
5685
92.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2011
2546
0.212
34.9
22.8
32.0
27.3
0.0
0.0
326.5
46.0
113.2
144
179
8.7
1.248
0.0510
49.1
3185
5575
89.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-13
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2013
0.8%
2.1%
8.1%
4.5%
77.4%
10.1%


21.3%
78.6%


97.7%
98.6%
1.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2014
0.2%
1.0%
6.3%
8.7%
42.6%
42.4%


35.0%
64.5%


96.8%
97.2%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2015
0.2%
1.2%
6.3%
6.2%
37.5%
50.0%


25.9%
73.3%


96.9%
97.2%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2016
1.1%
0.7%
4.5%
7.2%
41.5%
46.8%


40.4%
59.2%


99.6%
99.6%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2017
0.6%
0.9%
4.6%
1.2%
44.2%
50.0%


33.3%
66.3%


99.5%
99.5%
0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3000
2018
0.5%
0.6%
6.1%
0.9%
37.8%
55.2%


32.6%
67.1%


99.7%
99.7%
1.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
1975

100.0%
19.3%
80.7%



91.6%

6.5%

1.9%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1976

100.0%
17.2%
82.8%



92.9%

5.7%

1.4%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1977

100.0%
16.2%
83.8%



91.1%

6.1%

2.7%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1978

100.0%
4.7%
88.9%
6.4%


98.1%

1.4%

0.5%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1979

100.0%
4.0%
79.1%
16.9%


97.9%

1.3%

0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1980
0.4%
99.4%
3.1%
59.0%
37.9%


96.2%

2.2%

1.7%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1981
0.5%
99.5%
3.4%
12.2%
84.4%


94.5%

3.0%

2.5%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1982
0.6%
98.9%
6.9%
4.7%
88.4%


85.6%

5.1%
4.4%
4.9%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1983
0.8%
98.2%
8.7%
7.9%
83.4%


83.0%

9.1%
5.3%
2.6%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1984
0.2%
91.6%
7.7%
3.5%
88.9%


63.0%

23.5%
12.1%
1.4%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1985
0.0%
64.8%
8.3%
2.9%
88.8%


29.5%

37.6%
32.3%
0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
3500
1986
0.5%
50.4%
8.6%
2.9%
88.5%


19.9%

59.4%
20.7%
0.1%
1.1%


Sedan/Wagon
3500
1987
0.4%
35.5%
8.8%
3.4%
87.8%


7.4%

77.1%
15.0%
0.4%
3.1%


Sedan/Wagon
3500
1988
0.2%
27.0%
7.9%
2.4%
89.7%


0.3%

88.2%
11.4%

6.1%


Sedan/Wagon
3500
1989
0.2%
19.2%
6.8%
5.0%
88.2%




87.8%
12.2%
0.0%
7.7%


Sedan/Wagon
3500
1990
1.9%
13.6%
6.3%
4.1%
89.6%




97.2%
2.8%
0.0%
12.6%


Sedan/Wagon
3500
1991
2.7%
17.6%
7.4%
4.4%
88.3%




96.0%
3.9%
0.1%
16.4%
0.1%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1992
1.7%
19.7%
5.2%
2.5%
92.2%




98.0%
1.9%
0.1%
24.0%
2.4%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1993
1.6%
10.8%
4.6%
1.7%
93.7%




99.6%
0.4%

24.4%
2.6%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1994
0.9%
14.2%
7.4%
1.0%
91.5%




100.0%


26.2%
9.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1995
1.4%
19.2%
7.1%
1.0%
91.8%




100.0%


37.4%
10.5%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1996
2.5%
8.6%
7.5%
0.8%
91.8%




99.8%

0.2%
47.0%
12.3%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1997
2.9%
8.3%
6.2%
0.0%
93.8%




99.9%

0.1%
48.7%
12.5%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1998
2.7%
9.3%
5.7%
0.0%
94.2%




100.0%


55.1%
17.8%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
1999
2.6%
7.4%
5.9%
0.4%
93.7%




100.0%


63.4%
16.5%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2000
2.5%
9.1%
6.4%
0.6%
93.0%




100.0%


65.7%
22.5%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2001
1.9%
9.3%
7.1%
0.5%
92.4%




99.9%

0.1%
64.8%
21.4%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2002
2.6%
9.1%
7.7%
0.2%
92.0%
0.1%



99.7%

0.3%
67.8%
33.6%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2003
1.7%
11.2%
8.5%

91.3%
0.2%



99.7%

0.3%
66.6%
40.7%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2004
2.6%
13.3%
8.6%
0.5%
90.7%
0.2%



99.6%

0.4%
66.6%
37.6%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2005
4.4%
9.7%
7.2%
0.3%
92.4%
0.1%



99.4%

0.6%
70.6%
47.3%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2006
4.1%
10.5%
8.8%
0.2%
91.0%




98.6%

1.4%
78.5%
57.4%

Sedan/Wagon
3500
2007
3.7%
9.5%
8.1%

79.7%
12.2%


0.2%
99.8%


87.1%
67.8%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2008
6.1%
7.2%
7.8%

75.7%
16.5%


2.5%
97.5%


93.9%
63.3%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2009
5.6%
5.0%
5.6%
0.2%
80.7%
13.6%


3.0%
95.3%

1.7%
98.1%
78.4%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2010
3.6%
4.3%
4.7%
4.2%
66.9%
24.2%


3.2%
94.3%

2.6%
98.1%
94.9%
10.9%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2011
5.2%
5.4%
4.9%
0.7%
77.0%
17.5%


16.8%
80.7%

2.2%
99.2%
96.5%
6.4%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-14
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2012
3348
0.249
36.0
23.7
32.7
28.1
0.0
0.0
316.9
46.0
113.9
142
175
CO
CO
1.249
0.0500
50.6
3301
5777
92.6%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2013
3446
0.227
37.5
24.6
33.8
29.1
0.0
0.0
305.9
46.3
112.8
139
182
8.5
1.327
0.0520
53.0
3427
5998
89.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2014
3174
0.205
37.9
24.8
33.9
29.3
0.0
0.0
304.0
46.3
112.6
137
180
8.6
1.343
0.0514
52.7
3405
5959
89.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2015
3459
0.207
39.2
25.4
35.1
30.2
0.0
0.0
294.1
46.5
113.8
139
181
8.5
1.330
0.0517
54.9


89.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2016
2856
0.176
38.9
25.2
35.0
30.0
0.0
0.0
295.7
46.7
113.1
137
184
8.4
1.380
0.0526
54.3


87.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2017
2762
0.162
39.7
25.9
35.6
30.7
0.0
0.0
289.1
46.5
114.3
134
180
8.5
1.368
0.0513
56.0


86.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2018

0.166
41.8
27.4
36.4
31.9
0.0
0.0
276.8
46.9
114.7
127
185
8.2
1.494
0.0527
58.7
3866
6765
87.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1975
1089
0.106
15.6
12.4
14.5
13.3
702.5
603.0
668.2


292
130

0.443
0.0325
27.0



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1976
1977
0.160
17.7
14.0
16.5
15.0
627.5
532.6
591.1


280
122

0.433
0.0305
30.4



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1977
3323
0.235
17.9
14.2
16.7
15.2
622.1
529.2
584.1

113.5
293
133

0.453
0.0333
30.6
1739
3477

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1978
2235
0.155
18.0
14.1
17.1
15.3
626.1
516.0
580.5

114.9
306
145
13.1
0.474
0.0362
30.9
1782
3563
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1979
2643
0.190
17.8
14.0
16.7
15.1
631.3
528.7
589.1

119.6
311
147
13.4
0.472
0.0367
30.5
1830
3660
5.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1980
1316
0.116
18.8
14.6
18.3
16.1
609.9
484.7
558.7

122.4
302
136
14.4
0.453
0.0339
32.6
2003
4007
10.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1981
1313
0.124
20.3
15.5
20.3
17.3
577.4
439.6
520.3

123.2
296
134
14.4
0.458
0.0334
35.2
2171
4343
11.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1982
1215
0.125
20.6
15.6
20.9
17.6
571.2
428.6
510.0

126.4
287
135
15.0
0.479
0.0339
35.6
2244
4487
11.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1983
1446
0.140
20.3
15.4
20.6
17.4
577.0
431.0
513.9

126.7
287
139
13.5
0.490
0.0348
35.0
2211
4422
12.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1984
1702
0.121
20.6
15.5
20.9
17.6
571.7
425.9
507.5

126.3
289
139
13.4
0.485
0.0347
35.3
2225
4449
12.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1985
1671
0.116
21.7
16.4
22.3
18.6
543.0
397.7
479.3

125.3
294
148
12.6
0.508
0.0371
37.3
2337
4674
13.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1986
918
0.060
22.1
16.5
22.6
18.8
538.4
390.4
472.8

124.9
299
154
11.8
0.520
0.0384
37.8
2366
4733
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1987
912
0.061
21.7
16.3
22.0
18.5
545.9
402.0
481.5

122.2
294
157
11.8
0.551
0.0392
37.1
2275
4550
1.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1988
829
0.054
22.2
16.4
22.7
18.8
539.8
389.1
471.6

125.8
289
160
11.8
0.569
0.0400
37.9
2392
4783
6.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1989
860
0.060
23.0
16.8
23.5
19.4
526.6
374.8
457.3

125.1
275
155
11.7
0.576
0.0386
39.1
2447
4894
8.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1990
986
0.078
23.0
16.7
23.7
19.4
530.9
373.4
457.1

123.1
263
165
10.6
0.643
0.0412
39.0
2400
4800
33.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1991
1114
0.089
23.3
16.7
24.1
19.6
531.5
367.0
453.0

124.9
265
187
9.8
0.718
0.0466
39.4
2459
4918
38.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1992
1166
0.096
23.4
16.7
24.1
19.7
529.2
367.3
451.2

123.4
258
198
9.3
0.788
0.0495
39.5
2440
4881
41.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1993
1059
0.080
23.6
16.7
24.1
19.7
529.4
367.2
450.1

121.9
253
198
8.7
0.806
0.0494
39.6
2415
4829
39.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1994
1342
0.095
23.5
16.6
24.0
19.6
534.7
370.3
452.8

121.5
248
204
8.5
0.842
0.0510
39.3
2390
4780
45.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1995
1281
0.085
23.5
16.4
24.2
19.6
541.2
366.2
453.1

121.3
253
219
8.3
0.885
0.0547
39.3
2386
4773
44.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1996
1093
0.083
23.9
16.6
24.6
19.9
535.8
360.9
446.4

124.1
249
218
8.7
0.885
0.0546
39.9
2476
4953
51.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1997
1259
0.087
23.8
16.4
24.3
19.8
540.4
364.4
449.2

123.1
249
225
8.6
0.913
0.0562
39.6
2440
4879
50.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1998
918
0.064
23.8
16.4
24.0
19.7
541.3
368.9
451.5

123.0
247
234
8.5
0.963
0.0585
39.5
2427
4854
50.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1999
1179
0.077
24.2
16.4
24.5
19.9
538.9
362.2
445.8

123.5
238
233
8.5
1.003
0.0582
40.0
2469
4938
55.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2000
1382
0.083
24.4
16.5
24.5
20.0
537.0
361.4
443.5

122.3
235
240
8.0
1.036
0.0600
40.2
2459
4918
55.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2001
1331
0.085
24.6
16.6
24.5
20.2
532.3
361.0
440.8

121.2
227
226
8.2
1.021
0.0565
40.5
2455
4910
51.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2002
1256
0.078
24.8
16.7
24.3
20.2
530.2
363.8
440.0

116.6
223
230
8.2
1.052
0.0574
40.5
2369
4738
51.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2003
1013
0.064
25.1
16.8
24.5
20.4
526.9
360.9
436.5

114.0
215
233
8.1
1.106
0.0584
40.9
2343
4686
46.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2004
1287
0.082
25.4
16.8
24.9
20.6
525.1
355.7
431.8

113.7
211
239
7.9
1.147
0.0596
41.4
2359
4719
61.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2005
1637
0.103
25.7
16.9
25.0
20.7
522.3
354.2
429.0

115.1
214
240
7.8
1.138
0.0600
41.7
2406
4812
53.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2006
2241
0.148
26.0
17.2
25.1
21.0
513.9
351.0
424.0

116.3
215
245
7.7
1.159
0.0613
42.2
2459
4917
52.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2007
2197
0.144
27.0
17.8
25.9
21.7
489.5
339.8
410.1

114.4
208
241
7.8
1.177
0.0603
43.9
2513
5026
64.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2008
2284
0.164
26.9
17.7
26.1
21.7
496.8
338.0
410.4
47.6
113.6
209
247
7.7
1.202
0.0619
43.7
2487
4974
60.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2009
1315
0.141
27.5
18.1
26.4
22.1
479.3
332.9
402.4
47.5
113.0
208
251
7.4
1.219
0.0628
44.8
2534
5067
60.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2010
1399
0.126
27.7
18.3
26.6
22.2
0.0
0.0
400.1
48.0
112.1
213
262
7.4
1.239
0.0654
45.2
2532
5063
51.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-15
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2012
4.2%
3.1%
3.9%
2.5%
73.4%
20.1%


16.9%
80.2%

2.6%
99.3%
96.4%
7.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2013
4.7%
5.5%
4.3%
1.5%
63.6%
30.6%


38.8%
57.3%

3.1%
98.8%
95.6%
7.1%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2014
4.7%
6.1%
3.9%
1.0%
67.4%
27.8%


41.2%
55.3%

3.1%
98.5%
96.3%
6.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2015
6.2%
4.3%
3.4%
1.1%
64.4%
31.1%


47.1%
50.4%

1.5%
98.2%
97.2%
6.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2016
6.6%
5.9%
3.8%
2.9%
65.7%
27.6%


53.8%
45.3%

0.0%
98.3%
99.1%
4.7%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2017
9.7%
3.6%
4.4%
6.8%
53.2%
35.6%


62.5%
36.9%

0.1%
98.9%
99.1%
7.2%
Sedan/Wagon
3500
2018
7.5%
4.9%
4.9%
6.8%
55.0%
33.2%


61.2%
37.2%

0.4%
98.5%
98.0%
10.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
1975

100.0%
7.6%
92.4%



99.4%

0.6%





Sedan/Wagon
4000
1976

100.0%
6.9%
93.1%



99.0%

0.4%

0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1977

100.0%
3.3%
96.7%



99.1%

0.5%

0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1978

100.0%
3.0%
86.5%
10.4%


98.4%

0.9%

0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1979

94.7%
2.2%
87.4%
10.4%


94.8%

2.8%

2.3%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1980
2.3%
86.7%
0.9%
59.1%
40.1%


83.0%

2.5%
4.9%
9.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1981
0.9%
88.0%
0.9%
16.3%
82.8%


75.3%

1.2%
10.3%
13.2%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1982
1.3%
87.6%

10.4%
89.6%


70.0%

1.8%
18.7%
9.4%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1983
1.3%
86.2%

5.4%
94.6%


55.7%

2.0%
38.0%
4.4%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1984
1.1%
86.2%

4.2%
95.8%


53.9%

2.1%
41.1%
2.8%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1985
0.0%
86.9%
0.1%
5.2%
94.8%


52.7%

3.8%
41.4%
2.0%



Sedan/Wagon
4000
1986
0.7%
99.1%
0.2%
7.3%
92.5%


46.8%

48.3%
4.4%
0.5%
1.1%


Sedan/Wagon
4000
1987
0.4%
98.5%
3.6%
8.5%
87.9%


44.7%

50.9%
3.2%
1.2%
4.5%


Sedan/Wagon
4000
1988
0.3%
93.4%
1.6%
5.8%
92.7%


22.8%

75.0%
2.2%

5.5%


Sedan/Wagon
4000
1989
0.0%
91.1%
2.5%
5.0%
92.5%


2.0%

84.4%
13.6%

4.0%


Sedan/Wagon
4000
1990
0.1%
66.7%
1.8%
2.6%
95.5%




95.3%
4.6%
0.1%
10.5%
5.5%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1991
0.9%
60.5%
1.9%
2.6%
95.4%




86.8%
12.9%
0.4%
10.4%
6.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1992
1.9%
56.8%
1.6%
1.2%
97.3%




94.8%
5.2%

20.5%
8.5%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1993
0.7%
60.1%
0.9%
2.0%
97.1%




95.7%
4.3%

31.4%
8.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1994
0.2%
54.2%
0.8%
1.8%
97.3%




100.0%


41.7%
6.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1995
0.6%
54.7%
1.2%
2.5%
96.4%




99.6%

0.4%
41.9%
6.8%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1996
0.7%
47.7%
1.1%
1.8%
97.1%




99.8%

0.2%
48.3%
4.2%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1997
0.9%
48.4%
1.0%

99.0%




99.8%

0.2%
48.2%
7.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1998
4.4%
45.2%
1.2%

98.8%




99.6%

0.4%
54.9%
12.2%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
1999
3.8%
41.1%
1.5%

98.5%




99.6%

0.4%
59.5%
11.4%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2000
4.0%
40.3%
2.1%

97.9%




100.0%


52.2%
13.4%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2001
12.9%
35.7%
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


60.3%
19.4%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2002
15.7%
32.4%
2.5%

97.3%
0.2%



100.0%


70.5%
23.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2003
16.8%
37.0%
3.1%

96.0%
0.9%



100.0%


77.5%
26.4%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2004
17.1%
22.0%
3.7%

95.8%
0.5%



99.9%

0.1%
82.2%
47.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2005
13.3%
33.3%
4.1%

93.0%
2.9%



99.4%

0.6%
78.7%
44.2%

Sedan/Wagon
4000
2006
10.4%
37.1%
3.9%
0.0%
93.3%
2.8%



99.8%

0.2%
76.5%
56.6%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2007
12.1%
23.3%
3.4%

89.3%
7.3%



99.9%

0.1%
75.1%
70.4%
3.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2008
12.4%
27.3%
3.8%
0.0%
92.4%
3.8%


5.8%
94.1%

0.2%
75.6%
65.9%
1.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2009
13.6%
26.3%
2.2%
0.1%
89.1%
8.6%


11.1%
88.7%

0.2%
76.1%
81.6%
4.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2010
11.8%
36.8%
4.8%
0.7%
84.3%
10.1%


17.4%
82.4%

0.1%
81.7%
84.0%
4.7%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-16
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2011
1478
0.123
28.3
18.6
27.0
22.6
0.0
0.0
393.2
47.6
111.5
207
262
7.3
1.282
0.0656
45.9
2558
5116
56.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2012
1387
0.103
29.4
19.3
28.2
23.5
0.0
0.0
378.1
47.9
111.4
203
273
6.9
1.359
0.0683
48.6
2707
5414
54.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2013
1744
0.115
31.5
20.7
29.7
25.0
0.0
0.0
355.4
48.0
111.5
191
268
7.0
1.430
0.0669
53.7
3001
6001
57.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2014
1735
0.112
31.5
20.6
29.5
24.9
0.0
0.0
356.7
48.2
111.7
190
271
6.9
1.463
0.0677
52.1
2917
5834
53.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2015
1746
0.104
32.0
20.9
29.9
25.2
0.0
0.0
352.9
48.2
111.9
186
271
6.9
1.511
0.0679
52.3


44.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2016
1487
0.091
32.3
21.1
30.2
25.4
0.0
0.0
349.1
48.1
111.8
183
270
6.9
1.532
0.0676
53.8


47.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2017
1595
0.094
34.2
22.5
31.6
27.0
0.0
0.0
327.9
48.0
111.4
175
263
6.9
1.564
0.0658
63.0


44.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2018

0.107
37.1
24.2
33.2
28.6
0.0
0.0
298.8
48.3
112.0
168
262
6.7
1.623
0.0655
70.4


36.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1975
1791
0.175
14.3
11.1
13.7
12.2
785.9
641.0
731.1


347
158

0.455
0.0351
27.7


0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1976
2223
0.180
15.7
12.3
15.1
13.4
717.2
586.0
663.3


346
157

0.454
0.0349
30.4


2.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1977
3496
0.248
16.5
13.0
15.6
14.1
677.6
565.5
631.4

118.7
346
157

0.454
0.0349
31.9
1680
3780
1.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1978
1997
0.138
16.3
12.6
16.1
13.9
702.9
551.2
638.8

123.8
356
161
13.1
0.453
0.0358
31.6
1739
3912
2.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1979
1528
0.110
16.5
12.8
15.9
14.0
691.5
560.4
636.4

127.6
353
157
13.5
0.445
0.0349
31.9
1808
4068
4.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1980
363
0.032
19.0
14.4
19.0
16.2
630.0
477.0
566.5

137.3
350
137
15.1
0.394
0.0305
37.3
2273
5115
7.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1981
318
0.030
20.4
15.4
20.9
17.5
600.9
442.7
536.0

137.1
343
127
15.8
0.374
0.0282
40.4
2459
5532
8.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1982
183
0.019
21.0
15.8
21.6
17.9
587.2
430.5
522.4

148.3
323
127
16.7
0.401
0.0283
41.5
2696
6067
6.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1983
188
0.018
19.9
14.8
20.8
17.0
607.6
430.4
529.8

146.6
311
143
13.9
0.463
0.0318
38.7
2512
5651
1.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1984
185
0.013
20.2
15.1
21.0
17.3
591.3
424.5
517.3

152.0
308
148
13.5
0.482
0.0329
39.0
2630
5918
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1985
104
0.007
21.0
15.6
22.1
18.0
570.0
401.7
494.7

160.2
306
150
13.2
0.490
0.0333
40.5
2884
6490
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1986
101
0.007
21.5
15.9
22.5
18.3
557.8
390.4
485.2

156.5
308
150
12.8
0.485
0.0333
41.5
2903
6532

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1987
78
0.005
22.3
16.3
23.5
19.0
545.4
377.8
468.1

160.2
306
140
13.4
0.458
0.0311
42.7
3043
6846

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1988
105
0.007
22.6
16.6
23.3
19.2
532.6
379.8
462.5

144.8
305
144
13.4
0.474
0.0321
43.4
2797
6293

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1989
87
0.006
21.8
16.0
22.2
18.4
552.8
397.8
482.6

141.1
306
151
12.7
0.494
0.0336
41.7
2638
5936

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1990
67
0.005
20.3
14.8
20.9
17.2
594.9
419.0
517.1

130.1
322
179
10.8
0.555
0.0397
39.2
2306
5189

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1991
73
0.006
20.9
15.0
21.7
17.7
587.7
400.6
503.5

133.6
312
201
10.1
0.648
0.0448
40.2
2445
5500

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1992
113
0.009
22.1
15.5
23.3
18.6
570.0
377.5
477.9

137.2
334
191
10.0
0.587
0.0424
42.1
2590
5828

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1993
85
0.006
22.1
15.4
23.8
18.7
577.4
372.2
476.4

141.4
339
187
9.5
0.567
0.0416
42.1
2658
5981

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1994
88
0.006
22.4
15.6
23.4
18.8
565.9
377.5
473.5

136.8
344
255
7.6
0.747
0.0567
42.5
2602
5854

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1995
111
0.007
22.4
15.6
23.2
18.7
567.5
381.8
474.1

127.7
310
257
7.8
0.867
0.0572
42.3
2413
5429

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1996
96
0.007
22.9
15.8
23.8
19.1
562.8
371.7
465.2

131.5
324
260
8.1
0.826
0.0579
43.1
2525
5681

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1997
37
0.003
22.2
15.5
22.1
18.4
570.3
401.3
483.5

109.0
257
272
7.9
1.061
0.0604
41.5
2025
4557

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1998
30
0.002
22.0
15.3
22.0
18.2
579.4
404.0
487.9

100.0
272
288
7.7
1.065
0.0641
41.1
1842
4144

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1999
24
0.002
22.2
15.3
21.9
18.3
577.9
405.0
486.8

93.1
264
278
7.9
1.066
0.0619
41.2
1722
3873

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2000
67
0.004
21.9
15.1
21.5
18.0
586.5
411.7
493.4

114.8
281
288
7.3
1.026
0.0640
40.6
2080
4679

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2001
78
0.005
22.0
15.0
21.6
18.0
589.4
410.7
493.2

117.3
270
284
7.3
1.070
0.0631
40.7
2122
4774

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2002
95
0.006
22.3
15.2
21.6
18.2
583.4
409.6
488.7

123.6
274
267
7.8
0.990
0.0594
41.0
2254
5072

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2003
278
0.018
23.2
15.5
22.9
18.9
572.8
386.7
469.9

128.6
279
255
8.1
0.919
0.0567
42.6
2443
5496

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2004
317
0.020
22.9
15.2
22.7
18.7
585.5
390.3
476.3

132.6
267
252
8.1
0.956
0.0560
42.1
2477
5574
14.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2005
355
0.022
23.1
15.4
22.4
18.7
576.6
395.6
474.6

132.1
283
272
7.7
0.967
0.0605
42.2
2481
5582
13.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2006
371
0.025
22.6
14.9
22.3
18.4
592.8
397.3
483.2

132.0
289
296
7.3
1.030
0.0658
41.5
2436
5482
15.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2007
328
0.022
22.5
14.8
22.3
18.3
595.7
396.3
484.8

124.9
295
312
7.1
1.060
0.0694
41.5
2301
5178
13.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2008
297
0.021
22.4
14.7
22.2
18.2
600.3
398.5
487.6
51.2
122.0
284
303
7.3
1.079
0.0674
41.2
2236
5030
3.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2009
183
0.020
23.3
15.4
22.9
18.9
574.3
385.4
470.0
50.3
115.1
280
316
6.9
1.149
0.0702
42.8
2201
4953
8.9%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-17
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2011
13.7%
29.8%
3.9%
0.8%
87.5%
7.7%


21.9%
77.5%

0.5%
84.5%
94.1%
2.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2012
13.0%
32.0%
4.1%
2.0%
82.9%
11.0%


38.2%
61.7%


98.8%
99.6%
7.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2013
15.8%
26.9%
3.3%
1.6%
81.1%
13.9%


43.9%
56.0%


99.0%
99.3%
14.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2014
16.4%
30.3%
3.6%
1.1%
80.2%
15.1%


47.5%
51.9%

0.3%
98.7%
97.9%
11.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2015
23.9%
31.5%
3.8%
1.7%
80.6%
13.9%


49.9%
48.6%

1.4%
98.3%
97.2%
8.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2016
22.6%
29.6%
3.2%
1.5%
79.2%
16.1%


52.5%
47.2%

0.1%
97.5%
99.6%
7.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2017
26.9%
28.6%
3.1%
3.2%
69.1%
24.6%


53.6%
43.9%

0.2%
94.5%
97.1%
12.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4000
2018
28.7%
34.5%
2.7%
11.1%
67.2%
19.1%


54.1%
34.9%

0.5%
87.7%
89.3%
10.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
1975

99.1%
0.6%
99.4%



98.4%

1.6%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1976

98.0%
0.1%
99.9%



97.7%

2.3%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1977

98.7%
0.1%
99.9%



98.4%

1.6%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1978

97.3%

87.1%
12.9%


95.3%

3.1%

1.5%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1979

95.6%
0.0%
90.7%
9.3%


91.1%

3.4%

5.5%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1980

92.5%
0.0%
45.8%
54.2%


71.3%

0.0%

28.7%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1981

91.4%

38.3%
61.7%


26.1%


29.7%
44.2%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1982

93.7%
0.0%
0.1%
99.8%


54.7%



45.3%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1983

98.6%
0.0%

100.0%


87.7%



12.3%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1984

99.4%
0.0%

100.0%


95.8%



4.2%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1985

99.9%
0.0%

100.0%


98.9%


0.0%
1.1%



Sedan/Wagon
4500
1986

100.0%
0.0%
8.7%
91.2%


91.3%

8.7%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1987

100.0%
0.0%

100.0%


99.9%

0.1%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1988

100.0%
0.0%

100.0%


97.1%

2.9%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1989

100.0%
0.0%
3.8%
96.2%


92.0%

8.0%





Sedan/Wagon
4500
1990

100.0%

15.6%
84.4%


48.9%

20.5%
30.5%

4.2%


Sedan/Wagon
4500
1991

100.0%
0.7%
17.2%
82.1%




26.2%
73.8%

11.6%
3.2%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1992

100.0%
0.2%
10.2%
89.6%




12.2%
87.8%

5.0%
5.5%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1993

100.0%
0.2%
3.8%
96.0%




10.6%
89.4%

9.3%
3.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1994

100.0%
0.2%
6.3%
93.6%




100.0%


8.9%
7.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1995
0.5%
99.5%
0.5%
17.1%
82.4%




100.0%


35.3%
6.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1996
0.4%
99.6%
0.4%
9.0%
90.6%




100.0%


23.6%
15.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1997

100.0%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


97.7%
79.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1998
0.0%
100.0%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


95.7%
99.2%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
1999

100.0%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


100.0%
61.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2000
1.0%
99.0%
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


96.6%
26.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2001
11.4%
88.6%
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


94.6%
34.8%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2002
6.9%
93.1%
0.7%

99.3%




100.0%


61.6%
20.8%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2003
3.6%
96.4%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


22.6%
8.3%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2004
7.2%
78.5%
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


44.2%
18.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2005
9.6%
76.5%
0.4%
0.4%
99.3%




100.0%


33.2%
16.6%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2006
9.9%
74.2%
0.1%
0.4%
99.4%




100.0%


41.9%
19.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4500
2007
8.0%
78.7%
0.1%
0.2%
99.6%




100.0%


52.3%
21.8%
1.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2008
19.3%
76.9%
0.8%
0.9%
98.3%



6.0%
94.0%


51.6%
34.3%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2009
27.8%
63.3%
5.6%
1.1%
93.3%



12.2%
87.8%


59.3%
68.7%
0.3%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-18
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2010
221
0.020
24.1
15.9
23.7
19.6
555.7
372.4
454.3
50.5
117.5
267
315
7.0
1.214
0.0700
44.3
2315
5210
3.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2011
326
0.027
24.8
16.4
24.4
20.1
537.6
362.2
441.9
50.8
116.4
259
323
6.8
1.288
0.0719
45.7
2368
5328
7.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2012
246
0.018
25.7
16.9
25.2
20.8
0.0
0.0
426.4
50.8
114.1
262
356
6.2
1.397
0.0791
48.9
2488
5597
1.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2013
308
0.020
26.9
17.6
26.4
21.8
0.0
0.0
403.0
51.1
115.5
256
357
6.2
1.436
0.0793
56.5
2918
6565
3.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2014
360
0.023
27.7
18.2
26.9
22.3
0.0
0.0
395.2
50.8
114.0
245
342
6.3
1.438
0.0760
56.1
2859
6433
1.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2015
275
0.016
26.4
17.2
26.0
21.3
0.0
0.0
415.5
51.5
115.4
251
360
6.1
1.484
0.0800
50.7
2603
5858
1.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2016
287
0.018
26.8
17.5
26.2
21.6
0.0
0.0
410.8
51.4
115.1
250
367
6.0
1.518
0.0816
50.4
2579
5803
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2017
201
0.012
26.5
17.3
26.2
21.4
0.0
0.0
414.2
51.7
115.5
244
366
6.0
1.586
0.0813
49.2
2524
5678
5.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2018

0.020
29.6
19.4
28.1
23.6
0.0
0.0
364.7
51.1
114.3
241
383
5.7
1.621
0.0852
67.3
3402
7655
3.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
1975
1505
0.147
12.9
10.0
12.5
11.0
876.4
702.6
808.9


388
166

0.429
0.0333
27.8



Sedan/Wagon
5000
1976
1495
0.121
14.6
11.5
13.9
12.5
770.1
639.2
713.3


378
166

0.440
0.0333
31.2


0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
1977
1051
0.074
14.1
10.9
13.8
12.1
807.5
642.9
737.4

129.7
387
175

0.453
0.0351
30.3
1571
3927
3.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
1978
477
0.033
14.6
11.1
14.5
12.4
794.7
608.0
714.7

132.3
403
179
13.1
0.445
0.0358
31.3
1663
4157
4.9%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
1979
182
0.013
14.4
11.1
14.2
12.3
797.8
628.1
729.5

126.5
396
169
13.5
0.426
0.0339
31.3
1587
3968

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1980
2
0.000
12.5
9.9
11.9
10.7
897.8
741.3
832.8

121.9
382
156
14.5
0.409
0.0313
26.8
1320
3299

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1981
2
0.000
11.7
9.3
11.1
10.0
958.2
798.7
889.6

122.2
387
156
14.5
0.402
0.0311
25.1
1231
3078

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1982
2
0.000
11.2
CO
CO
10.6
9.5
1009.8
837.0
935.0

121.4
378
176
14.6
0.482
0.0353
23.8
1160
2900

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1983
1
0.000
11.5
9.1
10.9
9.8
978.3
811.7
904.8

126.4
373
157
14.2
0.426
0.0314
24.6
1246
3115

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1984
2
0.000
11.2
CO
CO
10.6
9.5
1006.9
832.9
931.7

122.1
374
176
13.4
0.485
0.0351
23.9
1171
2928

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1985
1
0.000
10.9
8.5
10.3
9.2
1037.7
864.4
961.2

113.5
394
187
12.5
0.494
0.0375
23.1
1050
2626

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1986
1
0.000
10.7
8.3
10.2
9.1
1061.5
873.8
978.2

114.2
378
205
11.4
0.574
0.0409
22.8
1039
2598

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1987
1
0.000
11.4
9.0
10.6
9.7
986.1
835.8
920.3

113.0
410
191
11.8
0.466
0.0382
24.2
1095
2738

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1988
1
0.000
12.3
9.5
11.7
10.4
932.6
759.9
852.3

112.0
408
207
11.3
0.509
0.0413
26.1
1170
2925

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1989
1
0.000
12.4
9.5
11.7
10.4
932.9
760.4
851.2

112.9
410
206
10.9
0.502
0.0411
26.1
1180
2950

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1990
0
0.000
10.9
8.2
10.7
9.2
1084.1
832.4
963.1

95.9
326
240
9.4
0.736
0.0480
23.1
885
2212

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1991




















Sedan/Wagon
5000
1992
10
0.001
17.3
12.8
16.7
14.5
694.0
535.7
620.9

126.0
283
297
8.3
1.041
0.0594
36.8
1851
4628

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1993
16
0.001
18.9
13.9
18.3
15.8
634.2
484.7
563.3

125.8
247
263
8.3
1.072
0.0526
39.7
1996
4989

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1994
11
0.001
20.4
14.6
20.2
17.0
607.4
438.1
526.6

124.5
254
266
8.2
1.051
0.0532
43.0
2142
5354

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1995
16
0.001
19.6
14.1
19.0
16.3
627.5
467.4
547.8

119.6
284
298
7.9
1.048
0.0595
40.9
1962
4904

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1996
7
0.001
19.9
13.9
20.3
16.6
636.0
437.2
534.2

125.5
286
303
7.7
1.058
0.0605
41.7
2093
5232

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1997
10
0.001
20.2
14.0
20.5
16.8
631.2
433.8
529.4

125.1
288
304
7.7
1.057
0.0608
42.1
2108
5269

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1998
6
0.000
20.2
14.0
20.2
16.7
632.1
440.0
531.5

126.1
283
299
8.0
1.059
0.0598
41.9
2114
5286

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1999
8
0.001
19.7
13.6
19.5
16.3
649.4
452.0
546.7

124.0
290
307
7.8
1.060
0.0613
40.8
2030
5075

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2000
1
0.000
18.3
12.4
18.8
15.2
716.6
471.7
585.0

120.1
325
324
7.1
0.996
0.0648
38.0
1827
4567

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2001
1
0.000
18.2
12.3
18.7
15.1
724.5
475.6
588.7

120.1
327
325
7.0
0.995
0.0650
37.7
1814
4534

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2002
0
0.000
19.1
13.5
17.7
15.5
658.9
503.0
572.7

121.2
303
302
7.5
0.997
0.0604
38.8
1880
4700

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2003
1
0.000
20.3
13.3
21.0
16.8
665.9
422.7
530.1

122.5
364
429
5.8
1.179
0.0858
41.9
2053
5133

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2004
54
0.003
21.7
14.9
20.3
17.5
597.7
436.9
507.2

164.2
218
253
8.9
1.161
0.0506
43.8
2880
7200

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2005
70
0.004
21.7
14.7
20.6
17.5
605.3
431.4
506.6

164.1
218
254
CO
CO
1.163
0.0508
43.9
2883
7207
30.8%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2006
25
0.002
21.5
14.6
20.3
17.4
607.9
438.1
511.8

162.4
224
264
CO
CO
1.172
0.0528
43.5
2828
7069

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2007
30
0.002
20.9
13.7
21.0
17.1
644.7
422.4
520.0

143.8
281
319
7.4
1.119
0.0638
42.9
2478
6196
1.2%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2008
24
0.002
20.2
13.4
20.0
16.5
655.9
441.7
537.7
54.2
134.6
308
370
6.7
1.189
0.0740
41.6
2253
5633
1.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-19
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2010
41.3%
55.1%
5.4%
0.6%
93.9%
0.1%


24.3%
75.7%


62.9%
75.2%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2011
39.5%
52.9%
2.8%
0.6%
96.6%
0.1%


42.6%
56.4%

1.0%
70.7%
81.6%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2012
43.2%
55.3%
4.6%
2.7%
92.7%



58.2%
39.7%

0.9%
74.3%
90.2%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2013
50.0%
47.0%
4.1%
7.5%
88.0%
0.4%


53.1%
40.7%

0.4%
71.0%
89.0%
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2014
45.6%
52.8%
2.8%
6.7%
90.6%
0.0%


58.0%
34.0%

3.7%
77.0%
90.8%
1.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2015
43.6%
55.0%
5.2%
4.6%
90.2%
0.0%


58.4%
38.5%

1.4%
75.6%
95.1%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2016
51.8%
47.5%
4.4%
3.5%
91.9%
0.2%


56.6%
41.1%

1.4%
73.4%
97.7%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2017
53.3%
41.0%
2.0%
2.4%
95.4%
0.2%


59.4%
40.1%


76.0%
91.9%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4500
2018
59.7%
37.1%
2.4%
14.5%
82.9%
0.2%


52.9%
34.7%

0.3%
68.8%
82.7%
2.2%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
1975

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
5000
1976

99.7%

100.0%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
5000
1977

96.7%

100.0%



99.3%

0.7%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1978

95.1%

85.9%
14.1%


98.7%

0.4%

0.9%



Sedan/Wagon
5000
1979

100.0%

100.0%



90.0%

0.9%

9.1%



Sedan/Wagon
5000
1980

100.0%

100.0%



93.3%

6.7%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1981

100.0%

100.0%





42.6%
57.4%




Sedan/Wagon
5000
1982

100.0%

85.8%
14.2%


14.2%

44.2%
41.5%




Sedan/Wagon
5000
1983

100.0%

93.5%
6.5%


6.5%

19.3%
74.2%




Sedan/Wagon
5000
1984

100.0%

84.2%
15.8%


15.8%

37.4%
46.8%




Sedan/Wagon
5000
1985

100.0%

83.7%
16.3%


16.3%

83.7%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1986

100.0%

69.4%
30.6%


30.6%

69.4%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1987

100.0%

98.2%
1.8%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1988

100.0%

95.1%
4.9%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1989

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1990

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5000
1991















Sedan/Wagon
5000
1992

100.0%

100.0%





89.1%

10.9%
89.1%
89.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1993

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


93.5%
59.7%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1994

100.0%

100.0%





94.0%

6.0%
94.0%
65.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1995

100.0%

100.0%





97.3%

2.7%
97.3%
97.3%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1996

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1997

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
1999

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


92.0%
93.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2000

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2001

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


2.3%
98.8%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2002

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
5000
2003

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2004
98.1%
1.9%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
1.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2005
67.6%
1.5%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
1.9%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2006
94.6%
5.4%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
6.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2007
90.7%
8.1%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
1.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2008
68.8%
30.1%


100.0%



2.0%
98.0%


100.0%
18.2%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-20
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2009
17
0.002
21.2
14.1
21.0
17.3
627.7
420.6
513.1
53.3
121.9
304
402
5.9
1.333
0.0804
43.6
2123
5308

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2010
22
0.002
21.6
14.4
21.1
17.5
611.5
418.8
506.4
54.0
121.3
296
390
6.0
1.327
0.0780
44.3
2148
5370

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2011
22
0.002
22.1
14.7
21.7
18.0
599.1
406.9
492.8
54.2
123.5
283
391
6.0
1.393
0.0782
45.4
2239
5598
4.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2012
27
0.002
22.7
14.9
22.4
18.4
596.5
394.7
484.4
54.5
123.5
275
446
5.5
1.626
0.0893
46.4
2293
5731

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2013
31
0.002
24.1
15.7
24.2
19.6
565.4
367.1
453.8
54.2
122.5
270
449
5.4
1.673
0.0898
49.2
2413
6033

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2014
39
0.003
26.3
17.1
26.1
21.3
0.0
0.0
413.0
54.6
123.1
264
460
5.3
1.752
0.0919
61.3
3007
7517

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2015
70
0.004
32.2
20.9
31.7
26.0
0.0
0.0
317.9
54.5
121.4
274
435
5.1
1.636
0.0869
105.8
5110
12775

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2016
58
0.004
39.2
25.9
37.4
31.4
0.0
0.0
244.4
54.1
120.7
273
409
5.0
1.607
0.0819
141.1
6790
16974

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2017
65
0.004
38.3
25.4
36.5
30.7
0.0
0.0
252.6
53.8
120.0
251
369
4.7
1.748
0.0738
136.7
6562
16404

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2018

0.004
35.7
23.0
33.2
27.9
0.0
0.0
283.5
54.2
120.7
216
375
4.8
1.963
0.0751
98.5
4737
11843
6.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1975
828
0.081
12.2
9.4
11.8
10.4
937.8
750.5
857.2


458
208

0.454
0.0378
28.6


CO
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1976
934
0.076
13.3
10.4
12.7
11.3
850.8
700.3
785.4


460
204

0.443
0.0370
31.2


7.4%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1977
298
0.021
12.6
9.6
12.6
10.8
919.4
704.8
824.6

131.8
447
194

0.435
0.0353
29.7
1421
3908
15.9%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1978
134
0.009
12.8
9.7
12.9
10.9
912.4
686.3
814.8

130.7
445
191
13.3
0.429
0.0348
30.1
1437
3951
33.7%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1979
2
0.000
11.0
CO
CO
10.1
9.4
1004.5
877.2
949.9

112.7
417
174
13.8
0.417
0.0317
25.8
1060
2916

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1980
0
0.000
10.7
8.6
9.8
9.1
1029.0
900.9
976.0

100.7
412
170
14.3
0.413
0.0309
25.2
922
2534

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1981
0
0.000
10.5
8.3
9.9
8.9
1069.9
898.7
995.8

98.8
412
170
14.3
0.413
0.0309
24.6
888
2442

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1982
0
0.000
10.1
8.0
9.5
8.6
1109.5
933.9
1030.5

92.5
412
170
15.3
0.413
0.0309
23.7
798
2194

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1983
0
0.000
10.9
8.5
10.7
9.3
1051.3
830.0
951.8

92.3
412
170
14.0
0.413
0.0309
25.7
862
2370

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1984
0
0.000
11.0
8.5
10.7
9.3
1050.5
828.6
950.6

92.6
412
170
13.9
0.413
0.0309
25.7
866
2382

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1985
0
0.000
11.0
8.5
10.8
9.4
1050.5
826.2
949.6

92.5
412
170
13.7
0.413
0.0309
25.7
866
2382

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1986
0
0.000
11.0
8.4
10.7
9.3
1054.8
831.2
952.8

92.4
412
170
13.1
0.413
0.0309
25.7
861
2369

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1987
0
0.000
10.9
8.5
10.3
9.2
1039.5
860.7
962.3

92.0
412
187
12.6
0.454
0.0340
25.5
854
2348

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1988
0
0.000
12.2
9.4
11.4
10.3
943.7
777.1
865.5

91.3
412
205
11.9
0.498
0.0373
28.2
937
2578

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1989
1
0.000
12.5
9.6
11.9
10.5
929.3
746.3
843.1

103.8
412
259
10.2
0.630
0.0472
29.0
1098
3018

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1990
1
0.000
13.1
10.0
12.5
11.0
891.0
713.6
805.9

107.2
412
250
9.7
0.607
0.0455
30.3
1182
3251

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1991
1
0.000
13.2
10.0
12.4
11.0
890.0
714.6
804.7

107.5
412
238
10.1
0.577
0.0432
30.4
1187
3264

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1992
0
0.000
14.1
10.2
14.4
11.9
868.3
617.4
745.6

107.2
412
258
9.1
0.625
0.0468
32.8
1280
3519

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1993
1
0.000
15.6
11.5
15.1
13.0
765.3
586.8
681.1

126.5
374
290
8.4
0.777
0.0527
36.1
1678
4614

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1994
3
0.000
17.7
12.8
17.3
14.7
687.6
513.1
603.0

141.3
356
262
8.4
0.735
0.0476
40.8
2106
5792

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1995
3
0.000
18.2
13.2
17.6
15.1
669.4
502.3
586.9

143.1
355
252
CO
CO
0.712
0.0459
41.8
2186
6011

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1996
3
0.000
17.8
13.1
16.7
14.7
677.9
530.3
602.8

155.8
357
261
9.0
0.734
0.0475
40.6
2311
6357

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1997
1
0.000
18.1
12.6
18.4
15.1
697.7
476.9
589.9

149.9
315
312
8.0
1.011
0.0567
42.0
2328
6403
73.2%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1998
2
0.000
17.0
11.4
18.9
14.4
782.1
469.2
617.8

142.7
287
303
8.5
1.062
0.0551
39.6
2060
5666
94.1%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1999
0
0.000
14.9
10.4
14.9
12.4
856.2
594.7
716.5

98.1
412
349
7.2
0.847
0.0635
34.1
1216
3345

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2000
2
0.000
18.1
12.6
17.5
14.9
702.5
506.6
597.4

160.0
284
279
8.5
0.984
0.0507
41.0
2390
6573
92.1%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2001
0
0.000
16.1
11.3
15.3
13.2
784.3
579.2
672.2

123.3
328
322
7.4
0.982
0.0585
36.4
1630
4482

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2002
0
0.000
16.1
11.3
15.3
13.2
788.3
581.2
673.9

120.5
328
322
7.5
0.982
0.0585
36.3
1589
4371

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2003




















Sedan/Wagon
5500
2004
4
0.000
18.8
12.5
18.9
15.4
700.5
465.6
575.6

123.8
309
391
6.8
1.268
0.0711
43.0
1952
5368
11.6%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2005
5
0.000
16.7
11.0
17.3
13.9
796.7
510.6
641.1

107.8
347
491
5.7
1.409
0.0894
38.6
1529
4205
5.9%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2006
21
0.001
19.9
13.6
18.7
16.1
646.1
473.4
551.9

157.1
245
295
7.9
1.213
0.0536
44.6
2559
7037

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2007
15
0.001
20.5
13.9
19.4
16.6
635.8
460.9
541.5

154.1
243
314
8.0
1.275
0.0571
46.3
2619
7203

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-21
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2009
58.1%
41.9%


100.0%



33.0%
67.0%


100.0%
63.8%

Sedan/Wagon
5000
2010
73.4%
26.6%


100.0%



30.5%
69.5%


100.0%
100.0%
6.6%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2011
68.0%
27.7%


100.0%



73.6%
26.4%


100.0%
95.4%
3.6%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2012
60.1%
39.9%


100.0%



83.2%
12.9%

3.8%
100.0%
96.0%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2013
64.7%
35.3%


100.0%



84.4%
13.9%

1.7%
100.0%
98.3%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2014
66.5%
33.5%

6.4%
93.6%



82.2%
9.1%

3.0%
94.4%
91.3%
2.0%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2015
74.7%
25.3%

28.0%
72.0%



66.9%
3.9%

1.2%
72.1%
70.9%
0.8%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2016
76.9%
23.1%

44.6%
55.4%



51.7%
3.6%

0.2%
55.5%
55.3%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2017
72.2%
27.8%

43.5%
56.5%



54.6%
3.4%


58.0%
58.0%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
5000
2018
70.9%
22.9%

32.9%
66.6%
0.6%


51.6%
17.8%


69.5%
69.5%
2.1%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
1975

91.8%

100.0%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
5500
1976

92.6%

100.0%



97.1%

2.9%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1977

84.1%

100.0%



96.9%

3.1%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1978

66.3%

100.0%



70.0%

30.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1979

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
5500
1980

100.0%

100.0%



95.0%

5.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1981

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1982

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1983

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1984

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1985

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1986

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1987

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1988

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1989

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1990

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1991

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1992

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1993

100.0%

43.1%
56.9%




71.8%
28.2%

43.1%
43.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1994

100.0%

7.6%
92.4%




100.0%


7.6%
7.6%

Sedan/Wagon
5500
1995

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1996

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
1997

26.8%


100.0%




100.0%


73.2%


Sedan/Wagon
5500
1998

5.9%


100.0%




100.0%


94.1%


Sedan/Wagon
5500
1999

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
2000

7.9%


100.0%




100.0%


92.2%


Sedan/Wagon
5500
2001

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
2002

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
5500
2003















Sedan/Wagon
5500
2004
76.2%
12.2%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
88.4%

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2005
85.4%
CO
CT1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
94.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2006
98.4%
1.6%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
78.2%

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2007
91.6%
CO


100.0%




89.8%

10.2%
100.0%
75.6%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-22
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2008
12
0.001
21.6
14.9
19.6
17.3
587.4
455.6
520.6
56.3
146.8
246
320
7.8
1.284
0.0582
48.3
2576
7083

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2009
4
0.000
20.6
14.1
19.2
16.6
625.4
467.2
541.2
57.3
149.9
249
318
7.7
1.269
0.0578
46.2
2537
6976

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2010
1
0.000
18.7
12.4
18.8
15.4
697.4
468.9
577.4
54.8
118.0
381
550
4.9
1.444
0.1000
43.0
1852
5092

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2011
0
0.000
20.2
13.5
20.3
16.7
630.3
434.5
533.5
52.4
110.9
344
543
5.2
1.559
0.0987
46.9
1897
5217

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2012
4
0.000
31.7
22.9
25.8
24.5
269.7
326.3
363.3
54.6
98.0
363
451
5.6
1.511
0.0820
79.1
2794
7685

Sedan/Wagon
5500
2013
1
0.000
21.4
13.9
22.3
17.7
630.6
395.7
502.9
49.8
105.9
303
515
5.2
1.738
0.0937
49.1
1891
5200
4.7%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2014
1
0.000
21.0
13.6
22.1
17.4
644.0
400.3
509.8
51.6
107.4
333
519
5.2
1.605
0.0944
48.3
1886
5185
9.1%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2015
2
0.000
21.1
13.9
21.7
17.5
619.4
405.3
509.0
53.4
109.8
332
538
5.0
1.683
0.0978
48.8
1942
5339
3.4%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2016
3
0.000
22.4
14.7
23.1
18.5
512.5
347.3
479.4
55.4
119.8
325
498
5.1
1.572
0.0906
58.2
2535
6971
2.5%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2017
2
0.000
26.4
17.4
26.5
21.6
388.5
284.0
411.0
54.2
116.5
283
468
5.0
1.705
0.0852
74.0
3184
8756
1.8%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2018

0.000
29.6
20.1
25.3
22.8
251.9
316.0
362.3
54.6
118.1
218
385
4.9
1.825
0.0700
66.8
2813
7736
2.1%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
1975




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1976




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1977




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1978




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1979




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1980




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1981




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1982




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1983




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1984




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1985
0
0.000
10.1
8.0
9.5
8.6
1109.5
933.9
1030.5

157.5
412
170
14.4
0.413
0.0283
25.9
1358
4075

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1986
0
0.000
10.1
8.0
9.5
8.6
1114.0
936.7
1033.1

157.5
412
170
13.8
0.413
0.0283
25.8
1355
4065

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1987
0
0.000
10.4
8.3
9.5
CO
CO
1071.5
930.0
1007.0

157.5
412
173
13.8
0.420
0.0288
26.5
1391
4174

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1988
0
0.000
11.8
9.3
10.8
10.0
952.6
821.4
891.0

157.5
412
205
12.5
0.498
0.0342
29.9
1571
4713

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1989




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1990




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1991




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1992




















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1993
1
0.000
17.6
13.0
16.8
14.7
681.4
529.7
605.8

145.5
350
175
11.4
0.500
0.0292
44.0
2135
6404

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1994
0
0.000
13.9
9.9
14.2
11.7
893.9
627.9
759.7

90.6
412
241
9.2
0.585
0.0402
35.1
1060
3180

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1995
0
0.000
13.9
9.9
14.2
11.7
901.8
625.2
760.6

90.6
412
280
8.7
0.679
0.0466
35.1
1059
3176

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1996
0
0.000
14.9
10.5
15.0
12.5
844.5
591.5
713.7

88.9
412
350
7.8
0.850
0.0583
37.4
1106
3319

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1997
0
0.000
14.9
10.5
15.0
12.4
848.5
593.5
715.2

88.9
412
350
7.8
0.850
0.0583
37.3
1104
3312

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1998
0
0.000
14.9
10.4
14.9
12.4
852.5
595.6
716.7

88.9
412
350
8.0
0.850
0.0583
37.2
1102
3305

Sedan/Wagon
6000
1999
2
0.000
19.3
13.3
19.2
15.9
666.6
462.0
557.2

145.8
279
300
8.9
1.075
0.0500
47.8
2325
6976
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2000
1
0.000
15.0
10.4
14.8
12.4
855.2
598.6
716.5

112.8
412
350
7.6
0.850
0.0583
37.2
1399
4198

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2001
3
0.000
17.6
12.2
17.1
14.4
724.3
518.7
615.3

168.6
303
289
8.6
0.961
0.0481
43.6
2474
7422
81.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2002
2
0.000
17.6
12.1
17.1
14.4
727.7
517.7
615.2

155.7
297
294
8.7
0.990
0.0490
43.6
2278
6833
86.8%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2003
2
0.000
18.2
12.3
18.1
15.0
718.8
487.9
592.8

157.3
287
286
CO
CO
0.992
0.0476
45.2
2379
7138
93.9%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2004
1
0.000
18.5
12.3
18.5
15.2
715.1
473.3
585.2

149.9
294
295
8.6
0.998
0.0492
46.1
2318
6955
88.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2005
1
0.000
17.3
11.7
16.9
14.2
746.6
517.7
627.5

138.4
313
320
8.2
1.013
0.0533
43.3
2019
6058
74.5%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2006
3
0.000
15.4
10.0
16.3
12.8
886.4
544.2
692.3

114.9
369
545
5.4
1.478
0.0908
38.6
1477
4431

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-23
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2008
94.3%
5.7%


100.0%



3.3%
87.2%

9.5%
100.0%
88.0%
18.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2009
87.9%
12.1%


100.0%



15.3%
76.0%

8.7%
100.0%
89.2%
5.4%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2010
33.0%
67.0%


91.5%
8.5%


55.3%
44.7%


100.0%
100.0%
8.5%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2011
63.8%
36.2%


66.2%
33.8%


33.8%
66.2%


100.0%
63.8%
33.8%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2012
30.9%
69.1%

66.6%
31.7%
1.7%



100.0%


100.0%
97.5%
68.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2013
91.0%
4.3%


91.4%
CO
CT1


46.2%
53.8%


100.0%
100.0%
CO
CT1
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2014
52.7%
38.2%


94.0%
6.0%


72.2%
27.8%


100.0%
100.0%
6.0%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2015
30.2%
66.4%


97.5%
2.5%


55.6%
44.4%


100.0%
100.0%
10.0%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2016
23.1%
74.4%


98.5%
1.5%


44.7%
55.3%


100.0%
100.0%
16.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2017
40.7%
57.5%


100.0%



81.5%
18.5%


100.0%
100.0%
34.8%
Sedan/Wagon
5500
2018
60.9%
37.0%

56.9%
35.5%
7.6%


62.8%
37.2%


100.0%
100.0%
64.5%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
1975















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1976















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1977















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1978















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1979















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1980















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1981















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1982















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1983















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1984















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1985

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1986

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1987

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1988

100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1989















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1990















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1991















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1992















Sedan/Wagon
6000
1993

100.0%


100.0%




0.5%
99.5%




Sedan/Wagon
6000
1994

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1995

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1996

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1997

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
1999




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2000

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6000
2001

18.4%


100.0%




100.0%


81.6%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2002

13.2%


100.0%




100.0%


86.8%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2003

6.1%


100.0%




100.0%


93.9%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2004

11.4%


100.0%




100.0%


88.6%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2005

25.5%


100.0%




100.0%


74.5%


Sedan/Wagon
6000
2006
92.9%
7.1%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
92.9%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-24
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2007
5
0.000
16.2
10.7
16.9
13.5
827.0
526.4
659.0

111.2
348
514
6.1
1.451
0.0857
40.6
1520
4561
24.3%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2008
3
0.000
16.4
10.8
17.0
13.6
817.7
522.7
652.8
49.6
112.5
342
505
6.3
1.445
0.0842
41.0
1553
4660
28.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2009
2
0.000
16.4
11.0
16.4
13.5
803.9
541.1
657.7
50.7
124.1
331
438
6.9
1.287
0.0729
40.7
1696
5087
46.4%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2010
2
0.000
17.1
11.4
17.2
14.1
776.5
517.7
631.8
51.9
116.7
335
412
7.1
1.207
0.0687
42.3
1656
4968
44.9%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2011
3
0.000
18.1
12.2
18.2
15.0
725.6
485.7
591.3
52.5
120.8
354
472
6.3
1.310
0.0786
45.2
1829
5486
34.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2012
2
0.000
17.9
11.8
18.9
15.1
745.8
468.6
590.2
54.6
112.9
387
548
5.2
1.423
0.0914
45.3
1715
5146

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2013
3
0.000
19.6
13.0
20.9
16.5
678.7
421.6
537.2
51.7
122.6
309
488
5.9
1.606
0.0813
50.0
2056
6169
24.1%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2014
4
0.000
19.6
13.0
20.8
16.5
677.3
425.7
537.3
51.6
122.2
311
482
5.9
1.561
0.0803
49.9
2041
6122
28.8%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2015
4
0.000
20.3
13.3
21.4
17.0
664.4
412.2
522.9
51.3
110.0
276
453
6.3
1.667
0.0755
51.1
1872
5616
36.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2016
3
0.000
20.3
13.4
21.3
17.0
659.9
414.8
523.5
51.3
107.6
291
466
6.1
1.621
0.0777
51.2


31.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2017
3
0.000
20.1
13.2
20.6
16.6
665.4
428.8
535.3
51.3
109.3
291
448
6.3
1.559
0.0747
50.2


39.6%
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2018

0.000
19.9
13.2
20.3
16.5
604.4
426.6
533.9
55.6
116.3
312
502
5.5
1.647
0.0837
50.8


23.4%
Sedan/Wagon
6500
1975




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1976




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1977




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1978




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1979




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1980




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1981




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1982




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1983




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1984




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1985




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1986




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1987




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1988




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1989




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1990




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1991




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1992




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1993




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1994
0
0.000
13.6
9.8
13.7
11.4
909.6
648.5
777.8

140.2
412
241
9.6
0.585
0.0371
37.1
1602
5206

Sedan/Wagon
6500
1995
0
0.000
13.6
9.7
13.7
11.4
913.7
650.7
779.4

140.2
412
241
9.8
0.585
0.0371
37.1
1599
5196

Sedan/Wagon
6500
1996




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1997
0
0.000
14.9
10.7
14.5
12.4
828.6
614.8
716.8

140.1
412
241
10.2
0.585
0.0371
40.3
1737
5646

Sedan/Wagon
6500
1998
0
0.000
13.8
9.7
13.9
11.5
918.4
639.9
771.2

140.1
412
300
9.2
0.728
0.0462
37.5
1615
5248

Sedan/Wagon
6500
1999




















Sedan/Wagon
6500
2000
0
0.000
15.2
10.6
15.1
12.6
840.7
588.2
704.2

88.9
412
325
8.3
0.789
0.0500
41.0
1121
3644

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2001
0
0.000
15.2
10.5
15.1
12.6
844.8
590.3
705.7

88.9
412
377
7.6
0.914
0.0580
40.9
1119
3636

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2002
0
0.000
15.2
10.5
15.0
12.6
848.9
592.4
707.2

88.9
412
325
8.3
0.789
0.0500
40.8
1116
3629

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2003
0
0.000
15.2
10.4
14.9
12.5
853.1
594.6
708.8

88.9
412
325
8.3
0.789
0.0500
40.8
1114
3621

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2004
0
0.000
18.9
12.7
18.9
15.6
702.0
470.7
571.5

133.2
281
234
10.4
0.833
0.0360
50.5
2072
6734

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2005




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-25
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
6000
2007
68.9%
6.8%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
68.9%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2008
69.8%
1.6%


100.0%




100.0%


98.4%
69.8%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2009
42.1%
11.5%


100.0%




100.0%


94.6%
42.1%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2010
39.3%
15.8%


100.0%



15.8%
84.2%


100.0%
84.7%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2011
22.2%
43.2%


100.0%



35.0%
65.0%


91.8%
65.4%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2012
48.4%
51.6%


100.0%



40.2%
59.8%


88.5%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2013
52.4%
23.5%


100.0%



72.8%
27.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2014
60.1%
11.1%


100.0%



54.1%
45.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2015
49.3%
14.1%


100.0%



85.2%
14.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2016
48.7%
19.7%


100.0%



80.5%
19.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2017
32.2%
28.2%


100.0%



90.4%
9.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6000
2018
40.3%
36.3%

10.5%
89.5%



87.0%
13.0%


100.0%
100.0%
10.5%
Sedan/Wagon
6500
1975















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1976















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1977















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1978















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1979















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1980















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1981















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1982















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1983















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1984















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1985















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1986















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1987















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1988















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1989















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1990















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1991















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1992















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1993















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1994

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
1995

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
1996















Sedan/Wagon
6500
1997

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
1999















Sedan/Wagon
6500
2000

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
2001

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
2002

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
2003

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
2004

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
6500
2005















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-26
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Sedan/Wagon
6500
2006
2
0.000
17.9
12.0
17.5
14.6
737.9
508.8
607.3

144.4
279
275
9.4
0.986
0.0423
47.6
2113
6869
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
6500
2007
3
0.000
19.1
12.7
19.0
15.6
701.7
468.4
568.8

129.7
281
234
10.5
0.833
0.0360
50.8
2027
6587

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2008
1
0.000
16.6
11.0
16.7
13.7
798.0
528.9
649.7
54.0
131.8
323
375
8.0
1.136
0.0578
44.8
1834
5959
59.4%
Sedan/Wagon
6500
2009
0
0.000
16.6
11.1
16.5
13.7
791.5
538.3
650.3
52.4
135.0
308
345
8.3
1.094
0.0530
44.6
1865
6060
73.5%
Sedan/Wagon
6500
2010
0
0.000
14.5
9.5
15.3
12.1
939.3
581.0
735.1
54.0
102.0
411
503
5.8
1.224
0.0773
39.3
1233
4008

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2011
1
0.000
18.9
12.6
18.9
15.6
702.1
469.7
570.4
55.9
129.9
284
253
10.2
0.882
0.0389
50.7
2027
6588

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2012
0
0.000
15.5
10.4
15.9
12.9
857.4
560.1
688.0
67.0
128.0
359
603
5.4
1.681
0.0928
42.0
1654
5374

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2013
0
0.000
16.3
10.9
18.0
14.0
817.1
493.5
633.4
58.7
112.0
413
487
5.6
1.178
0.0749
45.6
1574
5115

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2014
0
0.000
16.4
10.9
18.0
14.0
816.9
493.4
633.2
58.8
113.3
413
486
5.6
1.178
0.0748
45.7
1592
5175

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2015
0
0.000
16.7
11.1
18.2
14.3
800.0
487.9
622.9
59.6
112.1
411
474
5.8
1.152
0.0729
46.4
1601
5203

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2016
0
0.000
17.2
11.3
18.1
14.4
786.1
489.8
617.3
57.7
112.2
414
516
5.4
1.247
0.0794
46.8
1616
5253

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2017
0
0.000
17.1
11.2
18.0
14.2
795.2
493.8
623.7
58.3
112.3
414
516
5.4
1.246
0.0794
46.3
1601
5204

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2018

0.000
17.2
11.3
18.1
14.3
788.9
492.2
619.8
57.1
112.1
415
530
5.3
1.277
0.0815
46.6
1607
5223

Car SUV
2500
1975




















Car SUV
2500
1976




















Car SUV
2500
1977




















Car SUV
2500
1978




















Car SUV
2500
1979




















Car SUV
2500
1980




















Car SUV
2500
1981




















Car SUV
2500
1982
11
0.001
23.6
20.7
19.1
19.9
429.1
466.0
445.8


151
84
17.5
0.556
0.0336
24.9



Car SUV
2500
1983
13
0.001
23.2
20.4
18.7
19.6
436.0
476.0
454.2


151
87
15.6
0.580
0.0350
24.5



Car SUV
2500
1984
3
0.000
22.6
19.7
18.3
19.1
450.9
484.8
466.2


150
93
14.8
0.620
0.0372
23.8



Car SUV
2500
1985




















Car SUV
2500
1986




















Car SUV
2500
1987




















Car SUV
2500
1988




















Car SUV
2500
1989




















Car SUV
2500
1990
2
0.000
32.2
25.6
27.8
26.7
346.5
319.5
333.3


97
80
13.3
0.825
0.0320
33.3



Car SUV
2500
1991
12
0.001
30.7
24.3
26.4
25.3
364.6
336.7
351.3


94
77
13.8
0.827
0.0310
31.7



Car SUV
2500
1992
17
0.001
29.6
23.3
25.3
24.3
379.8
350.6
366.1


96
79
13.7
0.826
0.0316
30.4



Car SUV
2500
1993
19
0.001
29.3
23.0
24.9
23.9
386.1
355.6
371.4


96
79
12.9
0.825
0.0318
30.0



Car SUV
2500
1994
27
0.002
29.0
22.6
24.6
23.6
393.0
360.5
377.0


97
80
12.8
0.829
0.0322
29.5



Car SUV
2500
1995
19
0.001
29.7
22.7
25.4
24.0
390.8
349.7
369.9


97
81
13.1
0.835
0.0324
30.1



Car SUV
2500
1996
3
0.000
29.3
22.3
25.1
23.7
398.0
353.5
375.5


97
95
12.1
0.979
0.0380
29.6



Car SUV
2500
1997
4
0.000
28.4
21.6
23.9
22.8
410.7
370.6
389.9


97
95
12.6
0.979
0.0380
28.5



Car SUV
2500
1998
7
0.000
28.5
21.5
23.9
22.7
412.8
372.1
391.1


97
95
12.6
0.979
0.0380
28.4



Car SUV
2500
1999




















Car SUV
2500
2000




















Car SUV
2500
2001




















Car SUV
2500
2002




















Car SUV
2500
2003




















Car SUV
2500
2004




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-27
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
6500
2006




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
6500
2007

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


0.1%


Sedan/Wagon
6500
2008

40.6%


100.0%




100.0%


80.3%


Sedan/Wagon
6500
2009

26.5%


100.0%




100.0%


84.6%


Sedan/Wagon
6500
2010

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


2.4%
2.4%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2011

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


3.7%
3.7%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2012

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2013

100.0%


100.0%



35.4%
64.6%


35.4%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2014

100.0%


100.0%



35.7%
64.3%


35.7%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2015

100.0%


100.0%



59.9%
40.1%


59.9%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2016

100.0%


100.0%



17.8%
82.2%


17.8%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2017

100.0%


100.0%



18.2%
81.8%


18.2%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6500
2018

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Car SUV
2500
1975















Car SUV
2500
1976















Car SUV
2500
1977















Car SUV
2500
1978















Car SUV
2500
1979















Car SUV
2500
1980















Car SUV
2500
1981















Car SUV
2500
1982

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
2500
1983

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
2500
1984

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
2500
1985















Car SUV
2500
1986















Car SUV
2500
1987















Car SUV
2500
1988















Car SUV
2500
1989















Car SUV
2500
1990

100.0%
100.0%







100.0%




Car SUV
2500
1991

100.0%
100.0%







100.0%




Car SUV
2500
1992

100.0%
72.6%

27.4%





100.0%




Car SUV
2500
1993

100.0%
66.4%

33.6%




6.7%
93.3%




Car SUV
2500
1994

100.0%
55.6%

44.4%




8.3%
91.7%

2.6%


Car SUV
2500
1995

100.0%
58.4%

41.6%




6.6%
93.4%




Car SUV
2500
1996

100.0%
66.6%

33.4%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2500
1997

100.0%
27.2%

72.8%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2500
1998

100.0%
52.5%

47.5%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2500
1999















Car SUV
2500
2000















Car SUV
2500
2001















Car SUV
2500
2002















Car SUV
2500
2003















Car SUV
2500
2004















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-28
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
2500
2005




















Car SUV
2500
2006




















Car SUV
2500
2007




















Car SUV
2500
2008




















Car SUV
2500
2009




















Car SUV
2500
2010




















Car SUV
2500
2011




















Car SUV
2500
2012




















Car SUV
2500
2013




















Car SUV
2500
2014




















Car SUV
2500
2015




















Car SUV
2500
2016




















Car SUV
2500
2017




















Car SUV
2500
2018




















Car SUV
2750
1975




















Car SUV
2750
1976




















Car SUV
2750
1977




















Car SUV
2750
1978




















Car SUV
2750
1979
9
0.001
20.8
17.5
17.7
17.6
509.0
501.9
505.8


121
80
17.8
0.661
0.0291
24.2



Car SUV
2750
1980




















Car SUV
2750
1981




















Car SUV
2750
1982




















Car SUV
2750
1983




















Car SUV
2750
1984




















Car SUV
2750
1985




















Car SUV
2750
1986




















Car SUV
2750
1987




















Car SUV
2750
1988




















Car SUV
2750
1989




















Car SUV
2750
1990




















Car SUV
2750
1991




















Car SUV
2750
1992
4
0.000
29.2
22.8
25.3
24.0
389.5
350.9
370.2


97
95
12.3
0.979
0.0345
33.0



Car SUV
2750
1993
2
0.000
29.1
22.5
25.2
23.8
394.1
352.4
373.1


97
95
11.5
0.979
0.0345
32.8



Car SUV
2750
1994
3
0.000
28.0
21.8
23.8
22.8
407.3
373.5
390.2


97
95
12.5
0.979
0.0345
31.3



Car SUV
2750
1995
1
0.000
27.7
21.6
23.1
22.4
410.6
384.0
396.7


97
95
13.4
0.979
0.0345
30.8



Car SUV
2750
1996
18
0.001
28.8
21.7
25.0
23.3
410.0
353.6
381.7


102
100
12.4
0.980
0.0365
32.1


21.1%
Car SUV
2750
1997
2
0.000
29.6
21.7
26.4
24.0
408.6
337.1
371.0


115
113
11.3
0.982
0.0411
32.9


71.7%
Car SUV
2750
1998
0
0.000
29.3
21.4
25.8
23.5
415.0
344.3
377.4


97
95
13.7
0.979
0.0345
32.4



Car SUV
2750
1999
2
0.000
31.0
22.9
26.3
24.6
388.2
338.0
361.1


97
97
12.3
1.001
0.0354
33.8


1.4%
Car SUV
2750
2000
1
0.000
31.1
22.8
26.3
24.6
389.4
338.4
361.6


97
97
11.8
1.000
0.0353
33.8



Car SUV
2750
2001
0
0.000
31.0
22.7
26.0
24.4
391.6
341.4
364.0


122
97
11.4
0.795
0.0353
33.6



Car SUV
2750
2002




















Car SUV
2750
2003




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-29
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
2500
2005















Car SUV
2500
2006















Car SUV
2500
2007















Car SUV
2500
2008















Car SUV
2500
2009















Car SUV
2500
2010















Car SUV
2500
2011















Car SUV
2500
2012















Car SUV
2500
2013















Car SUV
2500
2014















Car SUV
2500
2015















Car SUV
2500
2016















Car SUV
2500
2017















Car SUV
2500
2018















Car SUV
2750
1975















Car SUV
2750
1976















Car SUV
2750
1977















Car SUV
2750
1978















Car SUV
2750
1979

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
2750
1980















Car SUV
2750
1981















Car SUV
2750
1982















Car SUV
2750
1983















Car SUV
2750
1984















Car SUV
2750
1985















Car SUV
2750
1986















Car SUV
2750
1987















Car SUV
2750
1988















Car SUV
2750
1989















Car SUV
2750
1990















Car SUV
2750
1991















Car SUV
2750
1992

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
2750
1993

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
2750
1994

100.0%
40.1%

59.9%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2750
1995

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
2750
1996

78.9%
54.4%

45.6%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2750
1997

28.3%
48.5%

51.5%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2750
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
2750
1999

98.6%
100.0%






100.0%


4.1%


Car SUV
2750
2000

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
2750
2001

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
2750
2002















Car SUV
2750
2003















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-30
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
2750
2004




















Car SUV
2750
2005




















Car SUV
2750
2006




















Car SUV
2750
2007




















Car SUV
2750
2008




















Car SUV
2750
2009




















Car SUV
2750
2010




















Car SUV
2750
2011




















Car SUV
2750
2012




















Car SUV
2750
2013




















Car SUV
2750
2014




















Car SUV
2750
2015




















Car SUV
2750
2016




















Car SUV
2750
2017




















Car SUV
2750
2018




















Car SUV
3000
1975




















Car SUV
3000
1976




















Car SUV
3000
1977




















Car SUV
3000
1978




















Car SUV
3000
1979




















Car SUV
3000
1980




















Car SUV
3000
1981




















Car SUV
3000
1982
1
0.000
25.8
20.0
25.0
22.0
442.8
354.4
403.9


173
110
15.1
0.636
0.0367
33.1



Car SUV
3000
1983




















Car SUV
3000
1984
1
0.000
28.3
21.9
27.6
24.1
406.0
321.8
368.2


121
83
16.5
0.686
0.0276
36.2



Car SUV
3000
1985
5
0.000
23.4
18.6
21.9
19.9
474.3
401.0
446.2


158
107
14.1
0.678
0.0356
30.2



Car SUV
3000
1986
2
0.000
25.7
20.2
24.0
21.8
439.1
367.5
408.3


151
117
12.5
0.774
0.0390
32.8



Car SUV
3000
1987
2
0.000
26.4
20.6
24.7
22.3
430.1
359.3
397.9


150
117
12.2
0.780
0.0390
33.5



Car SUV
3000
1988
1
0.000
26.3
20.5
24.2
22.1
431.0
366.5
402.0


150
117
12.4
0.780
0.0390
33.3



Car SUV
3000
1989
1
0.000
24.9
19.0
23.5
20.9
465.1
377.7
424.3


150
117
11.9
0.780
0.0390
31.4



Car SUV
3000
1990
1
0.000
25.0
19.0
23.4
20.9
465.7
379.4
424.8


150
117
11.1
0.780
0.0390
31.4



Car SUV
3000
1991
0
0.000
23.3
17.8
21.2
19.3
498.0
419.2
459.4


150
130
10.4
0.867
0.0433
29.0



Car SUV
3000
1992
1
0.000
24.8
18.6
23.2
20.6
477.9
383.9
431.4


150
130
10.4
0.867
0.0433
30.9



Car SUV
3000
1993
3
0.000
25.2
19.2
22.5
20.7
463.8
394.3
428.9


150
130
9.5
0.867
0.0433
31.1



Car SUV
3000
1994
7
0.000
25.6
19.2
23.0
21.0
461.3
385.1
423.5


135
120
10.2
0.899
0.0400
31.5



Car SUV
3000
1995
5
0.000
27.9
20.9
24.8
22.7
424.1
359.0
390.7


89
82
14.0
0.913
0.0272
34.1



Car SUV
3000
1996
25
0.002
28.7
21.1
25.8
23.3
418.4
340.9
380.8


121
115
11.8
0.961
0.0385
35.2


56.4%
Car SUV
3000
1997
137
0.009
28.0
20.5
25.0
22.7
432.1
354.5
392.3


130
127
10.9
0.979
0.0424
34.1


50.1%
Car SUV
3000
1998
35
0.002
29.7
21.6
26.5
23.9
411.6
334.2
371.2


118
121
11.8
1.024
0.0404
36.0


80.4%
Car SUV
3000
1999
38
0.002
29.9
21.7
26.3
23.9
409.3
337.1
371.1


123
127
11.4
1.033
0.0423
36.0


72.8%
Car SUV
3000
2000
35
0.002
29.7
21.4
26.0
23.7
414.3
341.1
375.1


122
127
10.9
1.044
0.0423
35.6


60.7%
Car SUV
3000
2001
67
0.004
29.7
21.3
25.7
23.5
416.7
343.7
377.5


122
140
10.1
1.146
0.0466
35.4


61.0%
Car SUV
3000
2002
63
0.004
30.6
21.5
27.0
24.2
413.8
328.3
366.9


121
146
10.0
1.206
0.0488
36.4


100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-31
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
2750
2004















Car SUV
2750
2005















Car SUV
2750
2006















Car SUV
2750
2007















Car SUV
2750
2008















Car SUV
2750
2009















Car SUV
2750
2010















Car SUV
2750
2011















Car SUV
2750
2012















Car SUV
2750
2013















Car SUV
2750
2014















Car SUV
2750
2015















Car SUV
2750
2016















Car SUV
2750
2017















Car SUV
2750
2018















Car SUV
3000
1975















Car SUV
3000
1976















Car SUV
3000
1977















Car SUV
3000
1978















Car SUV
3000
1979















Car SUV
3000
1980















Car SUV
3000
1981















Car SUV
3000
1982

100.0%
65.4%

34.6%


100.0%







Car SUV
3000
1983















Car SUV
3000
1984

100.0%
100.0%




100.0%







Car SUV
3000
1985

100.0%
39.2%

60.8%


100.0%







Car SUV
3000
1986

100.0%
63.1%

36.9%


5.4%


94.6%




Car SUV
3000
1987

100.0%
87.0%

13.0%





100.0%




Car SUV
3000
1988

100.0%
88.5%

11.5%





100.0%




Car SUV
3000
1989

100.0%
86.3%

13.7%





100.0%




Car SUV
3000
1990

100.0%
88.1%

11.9%





100.0%




Car SUV
3000
1991

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
3000
1992

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
3000
1993

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Car SUV
3000
1994

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


28.8%


Car SUV
3000
1995

100.0%
100.0%






53.8%
46.2%




Car SUV
3000
1996

43.6%
37.3%

62.7%




100.0%


82.0%


Car SUV
3000
1997

49.9%
41.4%
16.0%
42.6%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
3000
1998

19.6%
23.7%

76.3%




100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
3000
1999

27.2%
17.9%

82.1%




100.0%


79.5%


Car SUV
3000
2000

39.3%
13.4%

86.6%




100.0%


60.7%


Car SUV
3000
2001

39.0%
20.1%

79.9%




100.0%


61.0%
61.0%

Car SUV
3000
2002


9.6%

90.4%




100.0%


83.0%
83.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-32
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
3000
2003
54
0.003
29.9
20.9
26.1
23.5
424.3
339.5
377.4


122
143
10.0
1.171
0.0476
35.4


100.0%
Car SUV
3000
2004
40
0.003
30.9
21.5
26.8
24.2
413.6
331.9
367.5


144
161
9.2
1.118
0.0537
36.3


100.0%
Car SUV
3000
2005
41
0.003
30.9
21.3
26.7
24.1
416.5
333.4
369.2


144
161
9.2
1.118
0.0537
36.1


100.0%
Car SUV
3000
2006




















Car SUV
3000
2007




















Car SUV
3000
2008




















Car SUV
3000
2009




















Car SUV
3000
2010




















Car SUV
3000
2011




















Car SUV
3000
2012




















Car SUV
3000
2013




















Car SUV
3000
2014




















Car SUV
3000
2015




















Car SUV
3000
2016
54
0.003
41.4
28.0
34.0
31.1
317.3
261.7
285.8
43.2

110
140
9.7
1.281
0.0467
46.7


100.0%
Car SUV
3000
2017
0
0.000
37.5
24.8
33.9
29.3
357.8
262.3
303.4
42.9

85
160
8.2
1.873
0.0533
43.9


100.0%
Car SUV
3000
2018

0.000
37.5
24.7
33.1
28.9
359.6
268.8
307.8
42.9

85
160
8.2
1.873
0.0533
43.3


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
1975




















Car SUV
3500
1976
0
0.000
14.3
11.4
13.3
12.2
779.9
668.6
729.9


350
161

0.459
0.0459
21.3



Car SUV
3500
1977




















Car SUV
3500
1978




















Car SUV
3500
1979




















Car SUV
3500
1980




















Car SUV
3500
1981




















Car SUV
3500
1982
0
0.000
16.6
14.6
13.4
14.0
609.9
662.4
633.5


173
110
17.4
0.636
0.0314
24.5



Car SUV
3500
1983
21
0.002
25.1
19.0
25.4
21.4
466.3
349.6
414.8


170
109
15.3
0.640
0.0311
37.6



Car SUV
3500
1984
46
0.003
23.5
17.8
24.0
20.1
500.2
369.7
441.6


173
110
15.1
0.636
0.0314
35.2



Car SUV
3500
1985
82
0.006
23.5
17.6
24.4
20.1
504.8
364.2
442.3


172
109
15.1
0.634
0.0311
35.2



Car SUV
3500
1986
57
0.004
22.1
17.0
21.6
18.8
520.6
410.5
472.2


171
121
13.5
0.711
0.0346
33.0



Car SUV
3500
1987
93
0.006
22.8
17.1
23.0
19.4
519.3
385.0
458.5


179
131
13.1
0.729
0.0374
34.0



Car SUV
3500
1988
108
0.007
22.7
17.0
22.5
19.2
520.2
393.3
462.4


200
142
12.3
0.718
0.0405
33.7



Car SUV
3500
1989
107
0.007
22.7
17.0
22.0
19.1
520.2
402.1
465.2


226
148
11.4
0.667
0.0422
33.5



Car SUV
3500
1990
57
0.005
22.4
16.8
21.7
18.8
527.7
409.2
471.8


216
148
10.7
0.698
0.0423
33.0



Car SUV
3500
1991
82
0.007
21.8
16.8
19.8
18.1
527.2
442.9
490.0


207
130
12.6
0.632
0.0372
31.9



Car SUV
3500
1992
76
0.006
20.9
15.9
19.1
17.3
557.0
457.0
512.6


205
151
11.1
0.732
0.0431
30.5



Car SUV
3500
1993
78
0.006
20.3
15.3
18.7
16.8
579.6
467.7
528.6


211
160
10.1
0.751
0.0457
29.5



Car SUV
3500
1994
75
0.005
21.4
15.9
19.9
17.7
557.8
444.4
502.3


201
161
9.9
0.812
0.0461
31.0



Car SUV
3500
1995
34
0.002
20.1
14.4
19.7
16.7
614.9
450.7
531.5


241
189
8.6
0.785
0.0540
29.3


0.9%
Car SUV
3500
1996
63
0.005
21.6
15.6
20.6
17.8
566.7
429.9
498.7


224
183
9.3
0.826
0.0522
31.3



Car SUV
3500
1997
33
0.002
22.2
16.1
20.6
18.2
548.2
429.8
489.3


194
166
10.1
0.891
0.0476
31.9


8.9%
Car SUV
3500
1998
71
0.005
24.0
17.3
22.0
19.5
503.3
401.9
455.4


169
151
11.1
0.929
0.0430
34.6


27.0%
Car SUV
3500
1999
84
0.006
24.3
17.5
22.0
19.7
499.0
402.9
451.9


163
156
10.8
1.005
0.0445
34.7


30.0%
Car SUV
3500
2000
88
0.005
24.0
17.4
21.3
19.3
505.0
415.6
460.5


151
150
10.7
1.043
0.0429
34.0


29.9%
Car SUV
3500
2001
215
0.014
24.6
17.4
22.3
19.8
502.1
396.9
449.1


160
166
9.9
1.061
0.0475
34.9


56.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-33
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
3000
2003


9.0%

91.0%




100.0%


75.8%
75.8%

Car SUV
3000
2004


5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3000
2005


5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3000
2006















Car SUV
3000
2007















Car SUV
3000
2008















Car SUV
3000
2009















Car SUV
3000
2010















Car SUV
3000
2011















Car SUV
3000
2012















Car SUV
3000
2013















Car SUV
3000
2014















Car SUV
3000
2015















Car SUV
3000
2016


6.4%


93.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3000
2017


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3000
2018


100.0%






100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
1975















Car SUV
3500
1976

100.0%
15.6%
84.4%



100.0%







Car SUV
3500
1977















Car SUV
3500
1978















Car SUV
3500
1979















Car SUV
3500
1980















Car SUV
3500
1981















Car SUV
3500
1982

100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Car SUV
3500
1983

100.0%
30.8%

69.2%


100.0%







Car SUV
3500
1984

100.0%
21.4%

78.6%


100.0%







Car SUV
3500
1985

100.0%
14.4%

85.6%


94.3%


5.7%




Car SUV
3500
1986

100.0%
16.1%

83.9%


13.5%

0.0%
86.5%
0.0%



Car SUV
3500
1987

100.0%
13.1%

86.9%




33.3%
66.7%




Car SUV
3500
1988

100.0%
23.9%

76.1%




48.7%
51.3%




Car SUV
3500
1989

100.0%
27.1%

72.9%


1.4%

45.0%
53.6%




Car SUV
3500
1990

100.0%
36.5%

63.5%


5.9%

61.8%
32.3%




Car SUV
3500
1991

100.0%
15.0%

85.0%


2.2%

24.2%
73.6%




Car SUV
3500
1992

100.0%
23.5%

76.5%


3.9%

60.0%
36.1%




Car SUV
3500
1993

100.0%
11.4%

88.6%


4.2%

66.1%
29.7%




Car SUV
3500
1994

100.0%
14.6%
33.8%
51.7%




98.4%
1.6%




Car SUV
3500
1995

99.1%
10.4%

89.6%




100.0%





Car SUV
3500
1996

100.0%
12.2%

87.8%




100.0%


31.6%


Car SUV
3500
1997

91.1%
15.8%

84.2%




100.0%


44.4%


Car SUV
3500
1998

73.0%
29.7%

70.3%




100.0%


60.9%


Car SUV
3500
1999

70.0%
20.6%

79.4%




100.0%


68.1%


Car SUV
3500
2000

70.1%
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


77.4%


Car SUV
3500
2001

43.4%
7.6%

92.4%




100.0%


69.3%


s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-34
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
3500
2002
179
0.011
25.5
17.9
23.0
20.4
492.0
382.0
435.3


159
173
9.7
1.085
0.0495
36.0


80.6%
Car SUV
3500
2003
218
0.014
26.5
18.2
24.4
21.2
484.5
362.9
418.5


161
172
9.5
1.064
0.0490
37.3


98.4%
Car SUV
3500
2004
147
0.009
27.0
18.4
24.7
21.5
478.3
358.0
412.8


159
172
9.5
1.083
0.0492
37.9


96.7%
Car SUV
3500
2005
239
0.015
27.2
18.8
24.0
21.5
471.5
368.3
414.2


155
170
9.6
1.099
0.0485
37.7


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2006
262
0.017
28.3
19.5
25.0
22.3
454.8
354.0
399.2


148
163
10.0
1.104
0.0466
39.1


99.5%
Car SUV
3500
2007
288
0.019
29.0
19.8
25.8
22.9
446.8
342.2
388.8


144
159
10.3
1.104
0.0453
40.2


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2008
370
0.027
28.9
19.7
25.7
22.8
448.8
344.2
390.6
44.1

150
169
9.8
1.126
0.0483
39.9


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2009
260
0.028
29.9
20.2
26.9
23.6
437.5
330.1
377.3
44.2

152
179
9.1
1.175
0.0512
41.3


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2010
357
0.032
30.8
20.9
27.5
24.2
425.1
322.5
367.5
44.4

155
184
9.0
1.188
0.0526
42.4


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2011
491
0.041
31.3
21.1
27.8
24.5
420.1
318.5
363.1
44.3

150
177
9.2
1.179
0.0507
42.9


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2012
443
0.033
31.7
21.4
27.9
24.7
413.6
317.0
359.9
44.2

151
182
8.9
1.207
0.0521
43.3


99.3%
Car SUV
3500
2013
446
0.029
34.0
22.8
29.7
26.3
387.9
298.1
337.8
44.6

140
172
9.2
1.252
0.0491
46.1


99.6%
Car SUV
3500
2014
668
0.043
33.7
22.6
29.7
26.2
390.9
298.6
339.5
44.6

132
172
9.2
1.335
0.0492
46.0


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2015
727
0.043
35.5
23.9
30.7
27.3
370.2
288.0
324.9
44.6

136
170
9.2
1.287
0.0487
48.1


100.0%
Car SUV
3500
2016
935
0.057
36.0
24.3
30.9
27.7
363.8
286.0
321.2
44.6

132
171
9.2
1.321
0.0487
48.7


90.6%
Car SUV
3500
2017
784
0.046
36.1
24.3
31.5
27.9
362.7
280.9
318.1
45.0

130
170
9.2
1.365
0.0485
49.2


95.0%
Car SUV
3500
2018

0.052
36.7
24.6
31.3
28.1
358.5
282.5
316.7
45.1

121
169
9.2
1.478
0.0483
49.3


95.5%
Car SUV
4000
1975
10
0.001
13.1
10.1
12.6
11.1
851.4
699.4
798.5


262
113

0.430
0.0282
22.6



Car SUV
4000
1976
11
0.001
12.3
9.3
12.5
10.5
889.9
691.3
843.0


261
122

0.467
0.0305
22.1



Car SUV
4000
1977
19
0.001
14.3
11.2
13.6
12.2
768.4
633.2
730.7


261
124

0.477
0.0311
25.1



Car SUV
4000
1978
16
0.001
13.6
10.4
13.5
11.6
828.9
647.7
767.9


262
126
14.2
0.481
0.0315
23.8



Car SUV
4000
1979
7
0.000
13.3
10.8
12.0
11.3
818.0
730.5
786.9


275
125
14.4
0.457
0.0312
22.8



Car SUV
4000
1980
0
0.000
17.2
13.9
15.5
14.6
631.4
572.1
609.7


280
122
16.1
0.436
0.0305
29.4



Car SUV
4000
1981
0
0.000
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
647.9
553.4
605.4


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
29.4



Car SUV
4000
1982
1
0.000
19.3
15.2
18.3
16.4
585.3
486.9
541.0


250
115
17.7
0.460
0.0288
32.9



Car SUV
4000
1983




















Car SUV
4000
1984
6
0.000
16.7
14.2
14.1
14.1
625.6
631.7
628.3


258
112
16.4
0.434
0.0280
28.3



Car SUV
4000
1985




















Car SUV
4000
1986




















Car SUV
4000
1987




















Car SUV
4000
1988




















Car SUV
4000
1989




















Car SUV
4000
1990
6
0.000
20.9
16.1
19.1
17.4
548.7
465.2
509.6


173
143
12.3
0.828
0.0359
34.9



Car SUV
4000
1991
129
0.010
21.2
15.7
20.6
17.8
564.0
429.5
499.8


232
160
11.1
0.695
0.0401
35.7



Car SUV
4000
1992
144
0.012
20.9
15.4
20.1
17.4
574.2
440.6
510.2


229
164
10.8
0.716
0.0411
35.0



Car SUV
4000
1993
372
0.028
20.1
14.7
19.6
16.8
600.6
451.2
529.5


253
188
9.2
0.753
0.0471
33.8



Car SUV
4000
1994
221
0.016
21.1
15.5
20.2
17.5
573.5
439.2
506.8


229
176
9.6
0.773
0.0440
35.1


3.9%
Car SUV
4000
1995
161
0.011
21.0
15.2
20.1
17.4
580.9
440.8
511.5


227
173
10.1
0.770
0.0433
34.9



Car SUV
4000
1996
178
0.014
21.4
15.5
20.4
17.7
572.1
433.3
502.4


239
176
10.2
0.750
0.0441
35.5



Car SUV
4000
1997
184
0.013
21.1
15.2
19.9
17.4
580.3
444.4
511.7


236
184
9.9
0.791
0.0460
34.9



Car SUV
4000
1998
342
0.024
21.4
15.3
20.1
17.5
580.5
441.0
507.4


241
178
10.3
0.749
0.0446
35.1



Car SUV
4000
1999
364
0.024
21.9
15.6
20.3
17.8
568.4
436.3
498.6


231
178
10.4
0.789
0.0444
35.7


6.1%
Car SUV
4000
2000
493
0.030
21.3
15.1
19.8
17.4
585.3
447.4
512.0


229
181
9.8
0.810
0.0453
34.8


6.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-35
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
3500
2002

19.4%
12.1%

87.5%
0.4%



100.0%


95.2%
16.2%

Car SUV
3500
2003

1.6%
10.4%

78.0%
11.6%



100.0%


98.4%
13.1%

Car SUV
3500
2004

3.3%
14.9%

77.0%
8.1%



100.0%


100.0%
32.0%

Car SUV
3500
2005


10.0%

90.0%




100.0%


100.0%
12.8%

Car SUV
3500
2006

0.5%
7.2%

92.8%




100.0%


100.0%
38.4%

Car SUV
3500
2007


3.6%

96.4%




100.0%


100.0%
70.7%
2.6%
Car SUV
3500
2008


1.6%

90.0%
CO



100.0%


100.0%
60.7%

Car SUV
3500
2009


1.1%

86.9%
12.0%



100.0%


100.0%
80.9%

Car SUV
3500
2010


0.5%

87.8%
11.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2011


0.8%

85.0%
14.2%


0.3%
99.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2012

0.7%
1.1%

73.1%
25.7%


0.2%
99.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2013

0.4%
1.1%

70.1%
28.8%


12.7%
87.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2014


1.6%

80.2%
18.2%


31.2%
68.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2015


1.3%

53.9%
44.8%


34.8%
65.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2016
9.4%

1.0%
0.9%
51.4%
46.7%


37.6%
62.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2017
5.0%

0.4%
1.1%
57.5%
41.0%


33.9%
66.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
3500
2018
4.5%

0.8%

69.5%
29.7%


49.0%
51.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4000
1975

100.0%
68.3%
31.7%



100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1976

100.0%
70.6%
29.4%



100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1977

100.0%
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1978

100.0%
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1979

100.0%
90.6%

9.4%


100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1980

100.0%
3.9%
9.4%
86.8%


100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1981

100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1982

100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1983















Car SUV
4000
1984

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
4000
1985















Car SUV
4000
1986















Car SUV
4000
1987















Car SUV
4000
1988















Car SUV
4000
1989















Car SUV
4000
1990

100.0%

19.4%
80.6%




100.0%





Car SUV
4000
1991

100.0%
19.1%
0.3%
80.6%




69.8%
30.2%




Car SUV
4000
1992

100.0%
16.9%

83.1%




80.0%
20.0%




Car SUV
4000
1993

100.0%
6.8%

93.2%




99.7%
0.3%




Car SUV
4000
1994

96.1%
17.1%

82.9%




99.8%
0.2%

14.7%


Car SUV
4000
1995

100.0%
11.5%

88.5%




100.0%


26.2%


Car SUV
4000
1996

100.0%
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


17.8%


Car SUV
4000
1997

100.0%
10.5%

89.5%




100.0%


21.0%


Car SUV
4000
1998

100.0%
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


14.1%


Car SUV
4000
1999

93.9%
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


27.5%
6.1%

Car SUV
4000
2000

93.7%
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


24.5%
6.3%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-36
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
4000
2001
461
0.030
22.1
15.5
20.5
17.9
570.1
429.1
496.2


220
191
9.4
0.888
0.0479
36.0


24.6%
Car SUV
4000
2002
361
0.022
22.5
15.7
20.9
18.2
564.4
420.1
489.0


206
188
9.7
0.927
0.0469
36.7


35.3%
Car SUV
4000
2003
303
0.019
23.1
16.1
21.2
18.6
549.9
415.6
478.5


206
194
9.5
0.950
0.0485
37.4


36.4%
Car SUV
4000
2004
413
0.026
24.2
16.5
22.6
19.5
535.9
391.0
456.9


202
202
9.2
1.002
0.0505
39.1


68.8%
Car SUV
4000
2005
473
0.030
24.8
16.8
23.0
19.8
526.6
386.0
448.4


199
196
9.3
0.988
0.0491
39.8


68.0%
Car SUV
4000
2006
429
0.028
25.0
16.9
23.2
20.0
521.2
382.3
444.7


198
199
9.2
1.005
0.0497
40.2


75.5%
Car SUV
4000
2007
473
0.031
25.3
17.2
23.2
20.1
513.6
382.3
441.2


199
219
8.7
1.120
0.0548
40.5


84.3%
Car SUV
4000
2008
378
0.027
26.3
17.8
24.1
20.9
485.3
366.3
424.2
46.8

188
210
9.0
1.126
0.0526
42.4


86.9%
Car SUV
4000
2009
279
0.030
27.2
18.5
24.7
21.6
469.6
357.5
411.6
47.0

187
217
8.6
1.162
0.0542
43.7


94.9%
Car SUV
4000
2010
301
0.027
30.4
20.3
28.1
24.1
431.5
312.7
368.7
47.9

162
204
9.0
1.255
0.0510
48.8


87.0%
Car SUV
4000
2011
494
0.041
30.2
20.1
27.5
23.8
437.0
319.3
374.1
48.3

164
206
8.9
1.253
0.0516
48.0


85.0%
Car SUV
4000
2012
596
0.044
29.9
19.9
27.3
23.5
0.0
0.0
377.8
48.0

163
207
8.9
1.279
0.0517
47.6


76.9%
Car SUV
4000
2013
731
0.048
31.8
20.9
28.7
24.8
0.0
0.0
358.9
47.6

148
204
8.9
1.418
0.0511
49.8


93.5%
Car SUV
4000
2014
671
0.043
31.2
20.5
28.0
24.2
0.0
0.0
367.1
47.4

153
205
CO
CO
1.355
0.0514
48.8


92.1%
Car SUV
4000
2015
700
0.042
31.9
21.1
28.8
24.9
418.9
306.7
357.2
47.3

151
203
8.9
1.367
0.0508
50.0


92.7%
Car SUV
4000
2016
694
0.043
32.2
21.4
28.9
25.1
412.4
306.2
353.8
47.2

143
199
8.9
1.424
0.0498
50.5


83.6%
Car SUV
4000
2017
1003
0.059
32.5
21.5
29.2
25.3
411.7
302.7
351.2
47.0

135
197
9.0
1.510
0.0493
50.8


86.1%
Car SUV
4000
2018

0.038
33.0
22.1
28.8
25.5
400.5
308.1
350.1
46.4

134
194
9.0
1.502
0.0486
51.3


87.5%
Car SUV
4500
1975




















Car SUV
4500
1976




















Car SUV
4500
1977




















Car SUV
4500
1978




















Car SUV
4500
1979




















Car SUV
4500
1980




















Car SUV
4500
1981




















Car SUV
4500
1982




















Car SUV
4500
1983




















Car SUV
4500
1984




















Car SUV
4500
1985




















Car SUV
4500
1986




















Car SUV
4500
1987




















Car SUV
4500
1988




















Car SUV
4500
1989




















Car SUV
4500
1990




















Car SUV
4500
1991




















Car SUV
4500
1992




















Car SUV
4500
1993




















Car SUV
4500
1994




















Car SUV
4500
1995




















Car SUV
4500
1996




















Car SUV
4500
1997




















Car SUV
4500
1998




















Car SUV
4500
1999




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-37
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
4000
2001

75.4%
3.4%

96.6%




100.0%


28.3%
7.3%

Car SUV
4000
2002

64.7%
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


55.7%
8.1%

Car SUV
4000
2003

63.6%
4.5%

87.7%
7.8%



100.0%


45.0%
14.3%

Car SUV
4000
2004

31.2%
3.1%

90.0%
6.8%



100.0%


62.1%
28.1%

Car SUV
4000
2005
22.1%
9.9%
0.5%

91.9%
7.7%



100.0%


44.2%
19.3%
0.9%
Car SUV
4000
2006
11.9%
12.6%
0.5%

90.4%
9.1%



100.0%


76.8%
20.9%
1.9%
Car SUV
4000
2007
7.0%
CO
CT1
0.7%

91.7%
7.6%



100.0%


66.3%
37.2%
1.5%
Car SUV
4000
2008
9.5%
3.6%
0.1%

94.2%
5.7%


5.3%
94.7%


74.6%
60.9%
5.7%
Car SUV
4000
2009
4.6%
0.5%
0.2%

81.6%
18.3%


2.8%
97.2%


87.3%
73.9%
5.9%
Car SUV
4000
2010
13.0%

0.1%

91.7%
8.2%


55.9%
44.1%


100.0%
99.8%
2.2%
Car SUV
4000
2011
13.1%
1.9%
0.5%

94.6%
5.0%


49.9%
50.1%


100.0%
99.6%
0.9%
Car SUV
4000
2012
17.6%
5.5%
0.1%

95.6%
4.3%


66.0%
33.9%


95.7%
95.7%
0.5%
Car SUV
4000
2013
6.5%

0.0%

97.8%
2.1%


79.0%
20.9%


99.9%
99.9%

Car SUV
4000
2014
7.9%

0.0%

96.5%
3.5%


74.6%
25.2%


99.8%
99.8%

Car SUV
4000
2015
7.0%
0.3%


98.4%
1.6%


70.1%
29.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%
Car SUV
4000
2016
13.5%
2.9%

6.7%
91.2%
2.1%


66.6%
33.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Car SUV
4000
2017
10.4%
3.5%

5.2%
94.7%
0.1%


78.7%
21.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%
Car SUV
4000
2018
CO
CO
3.7%

4.4%
90.9%
4.7%


65.7%
31.1%

3.1%
100.0%
96.9%
1.1%
Car SUV
4500
1975















Car SUV
4500
1976















Car SUV
4500
1977















Car SUV
4500
1978















Car SUV
4500
1979















Car SUV
4500
1980















Car SUV
4500
1981















Car SUV
4500
1982















Car SUV
4500
1983















Car SUV
4500
1984















Car SUV
4500
1985















Car SUV
4500
1986















Car SUV
4500
1987















Car SUV
4500
1988















Car SUV
4500
1989















Car SUV
4500
1990















Car SUV
4500
1991















Car SUV
4500
1992















Car SUV
4500
1993















Car SUV
4500
1994















Car SUV
4500
1995















Car SUV
4500
1996















Car SUV
4500
1997















Car SUV
4500
1998















Car SUV
4500
1999















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-38
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
4500
2000




















Car SUV
4500
2001




















Car SUV
4500
2002




















Car SUV
4500
2003




















Car SUV
4500
2004
39
0.002
21.0
14.1
20.3
17.1
628.1
435.4
520.8


238
281
7.8
1.187
0.0625
38.5



Car SUV
4500
2005
46
0.003
21.7
14.6
20.7
17.6
606.8
429.6
506.3


232
268
7.9
1.161
0.0597
39.5



Car SUV
4500
2006
46
0.003
21.5
14.6
20.3
17.4
609.1
436.2
511.3


232
265
8.0
1.145
0.0589
39.2



Car SUV
4500
2007
148
0.010
23.4
15.6
22.3
18.9
567.2
396.9
471.2


221
263
8.0
1.193
0.0585
42.5


66.1%
Car SUV
4500
2008
162
0.012
23.7
15.9
22.6
19.1
559.4
391.7
464.8
49.4

216
261
8.1
1.209
0.0580
43.1


65.1%
Car SUV
4500
2009
65
0.007
24.0
16.1
22.6
19.3
550.9
392.3
461.2
49.8

218
266
7.8
1.226
0.0592
43.4


55.2%
Car SUV
4500
2010
248
0.022
25.6
17.3
23.7
20.4
513.1
374.0
434.6
49.1

206
266
7.9
1.296
0.0590
46.1


73.8%
Car SUV
4500
2011
218
0.018
26.5
17.8
24.6
21.1
498.5
359.6
420.5
49.4

204
276
7.7
1.363
0.0613
47.7


72.4%
Car SUV
4500
2012
224
0.017
25.7
17.1
24.0
20.5
517.3
368.6
434.4
49.0

212
277
7.7
1.311
0.0616
46.2


59.2%
Car SUV
4500
2013
332
0.022
26.8
17.8
25.1
21.4
496.7
352.0
415.9
49.3

216
290
7.4
1.340
0.0644
48.3


72.0%
Car SUV
4500
2014
207
0.013
26.6
17.7
24.9
21.2
501.0
355.4
419.7
49.1

215
295
7.4
1.369
0.0655
47.8


66.2%
Car SUV
4500
2015
270
0.016
26.5
17.7
24.6
21.1
0.0
0.0
421.6
48.8

207
287
7.5
1.408
0.0637
47.6


59.1%
Car SUV
4500
2016
164
0.010
26.5
17.5
25.2
21.2
0.0
0.0
419.1
49.7

204
293
7.3
1.472
0.0652
48.1


70.4%
Car SUV
4500
2017
158
0.009
27.8
18.4
26.2
22.2
0.0
0.0
400.4
49.7

193
284
7.4
1.525
0.0632
50.3


72.1%
Car SUV
4500
2018

0.006
28.7
19.0
26.7
22.8
465.5
330.9
390.4
49.8

168
267
7.7
1.676
0.0594
51.4


84.2%
Car SUV
5000
1975




















Car SUV
5000
1976




















Car SUV
5000
1977




















Car SUV
5000
1978




















Car SUV
5000
1979




















Car SUV
5000
1980




















Car SUV
5000
1981




















Car SUV
5000
1982




















Car SUV
5000
1983




















Car SUV
5000
1984




















Car SUV
5000
1985




















Car SUV
5000
1986




















Car SUV
5000
1987




















Car SUV
5000
1988




















Car SUV
5000
1989




















Car SUV
5000
1990




















Car SUV
5000
1991




















Car SUV
5000
1992




















Car SUV
5000
1993




















Car SUV
5000
1994




















Car SUV
5000
1995




















Car SUV
5000
1996




















Car SUV
5000
1997




















Car SUV
5000
1998




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-39
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
4500
2000















Car SUV
4500
2001















Car SUV
4500
2002















Car SUV
4500
2003















Car SUV
4500
2004
55.1%
44.9%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2005

100.0%
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2006

100.0%
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2007

33.9%
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
27.7%

Car SUV
4500
2008

34.9%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


100.0%
32.5%

Car SUV
4500
2009

44.8%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


100.0%
42.8%

Car SUV
4500
2010
16.1%
10.1%
0.0%

98.6%
1.4%


28.6%
71.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2011
23.4%
4.2%


100.0%



39.1%
60.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2012
35.1%
5.8%


100.0%



47.1%
52.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2013
21.2%
6.8%


100.0%



26.9%
73.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2014
24.0%
9.9%


100.0%



40.6%
59.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2015
32.9%
CO
o

0.0%
100.0%



57.3%
42.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2016
28.1%
1.4%

0.0%
100.0%



59.7%
40.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2017
24.9%
3.0%

0.0%
100.0%



42.9%
57.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4500
2018
15.8%



100.0%



50.9%
49.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
1975















Car SUV
5000
1976















Car SUV
5000
1977















Car SUV
5000
1978















Car SUV
5000
1979















Car SUV
5000
1980















Car SUV
5000
1981















Car SUV
5000
1982















Car SUV
5000
1983















Car SUV
5000
1984















Car SUV
5000
1985















Car SUV
5000
1986















Car SUV
5000
1987















Car SUV
5000
1988















Car SUV
5000
1989















Car SUV
5000
1990















Car SUV
5000
1991















Car SUV
5000
1992















Car SUV
5000
1993















Car SUV
5000
1994















Car SUV
5000
1995















Car SUV
5000
1996















Car SUV
5000
1997















Car SUV
5000
1998















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-40
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
5000
1999




















Car SUV
5000
2000




















Car SUV
5000
2001




















Car SUV
5000
2002




















Car SUV
5000
2003




















Car SUV
5000
2004




















Car SUV
5000
2005
13
0.001
19.1
12.6
19.4
15.7
705.9
456.5
564.3


236
273
8.5
1.158
0.0546
39.4



Car SUV
5000
2006
15
0.001
20.7
13.7
20.5
16.9
647.2
433.3
525.5


235
272
8.6
1.160
0.0544
42.3



Car SUV
5000
2007
10
0.001
20.6
13.7
20.4
16.8
647.5
435.7
527.6


232
269
8.7
1.160
0.0537
42.2



Car SUV
5000
2008
14
0.001
20.9
13.9
20.3
17.0
637.3
438.2
524.2
50.2

228
265
CO
CO
1.165
0.0531
42.4



Car SUV
5000
2009
4
0.000
19.2
12.6
19.4
15.8
702.9
457.7
563.2
50.2

226
263
8.7
1.166
0.0526
39.5



Car SUV
5000
2010
8
0.001
33.6
24.7
26.0
25.4
326.3
338.0
349.8
47.9

200
260
7.4
1.319
0.0519
66.2


73.4%
Car SUV
5000
2011
4
0.000
32.3
23.3
25.3
24.4
342.5
346.7
363.9
48.3

198
263
7.6
1.358
0.0527
63.8


66.8%
Car SUV
5000
2012
2
0.000
40.3
31.1
27.5
28.9
285.6
322.8
307.1
48.0

211
245
7.6
1.164
0.0490
72.4


99.7%
Car SUV
5000
2013
5
0.000
40.4
31.2
27.5
29.0
285.1
322.6
306.5
48.0

211
245
7.5
1.162
0.0490
72.5


100.0%
Car SUV
5000
2014
19
0.001
23.5
15.8
22.2
18.9
545.7
398.3
469.2
48.9

219
264
8.4
1.204
0.0528
47.9


5.9%
Car SUV
5000
2015
4
0.000
40.3
31.2
27.5
29.0
285.2
322.6
306.5
48.0

211
245
7.6
1.162
0.0490
72.5


99.3%
Car SUV
5000
2016
6
0.000
25.3
17.0
23.6
20.2
499.6
374.5
439.2
49.0

219
302
7.7
1.382
0.0605
51.6


11.4%
Car SUV
5000
2017




















Car SUV
5000
2018




















Car SUV
5500
1975




















Car SUV
5500
1976




















Car SUV
5500
1977




















Car SUV
5500
1978




















Car SUV
5500
1979




















Car SUV
5500
1980




















Car SUV
5500
1981




















Car SUV
5500
1982




















Car SUV
5500
1983




















Car SUV
5500
1984




















Car SUV
5500
1985




















Car SUV
5500
1986




















Car SUV
5500
1987




















Car SUV
5500
1988




















Car SUV
5500
1989




















Car SUV
5500
1990




















Car SUV
5500
1991




















Car SUV
5500
1992




















Car SUV
5500
1993




















Car SUV
5500
1994




















Car SUV
5500
1995




















Car SUV
5500
1996




















Car SUV
5500
1997




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-41
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
5000
1999















Car SUV
5000
2000















Car SUV
5000
2001















Car SUV
5000
2002















Car SUV
5000
2003















Car SUV
5000
2004















Car SUV
5000
2005
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
2006
90.0%
10.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
2007
94.4%
5.6%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
2008
96.8%
3.2%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
2009
97.0%
3.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
5000
2010
26.6%



26.6%
73.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
73.4%
Car SUV
5000
2011
33.2%



33.2%
66.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
66.8%
Car SUV
5000
2012
0.3%



0.3%
99.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
Car SUV
5000
2013





100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Car SUV
5000
2014
94.1%



94.1%
5.9%


94.1%
5.9%


100.0%
100.0%
5.9%
Car SUV
5000
2015
0.7%




100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Car SUV
5000
2016
88.6%



88.6%
11.4%


88.6%
11.4%


100.0%
100.0%
11.4%
Car SUV
5000
2017















Car SUV
5000
2018















Car SUV
5500
1975















Car SUV
5500
1976















Car SUV
5500
1977















Car SUV
5500
1978















Car SUV
5500
1979















Car SUV
5500
1980















Car SUV
5500
1981















Car SUV
5500
1982















Car SUV
5500
1983















Car SUV
5500
1984















Car SUV
5500
1985















Car SUV
5500
1986















Car SUV
5500
1987















Car SUV
5500
1988















Car SUV
5500
1989















Car SUV
5500
1990















Car SUV
5500
1991















Car SUV
5500
1992















Car SUV
5500
1993















Car SUV
5500
1994















Car SUV
5500
1995















Car SUV
5500
1996















Car SUV
5500
1997















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-42
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
5500
1998




















Car SUV
5500
1999




















Car SUV
5500
2000




















Car SUV
5500
2001




















Car SUV
5500
2002




















Car SUV
5500
2003




















Car SUV
5500
2004




















Car SUV
5500
2005




















Car SUV
5500
2006




















Car SUV
5500
2007




















Car SUV
5500
2008




















Car SUV
5500
2009




















Car SUV
5500
2010




















Car SUV
5500
2011




















Car SUV
5500
2012
0
0.000
88.5
60.2
64.2
62.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
47.9


101
7.7

0.0184
171.7


100.0%
Car SUV
5500
2013
0
0.000
89.9
61.0
65.0
63.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
47.9


101
7.7

0.0184
173.8


100.0%
Car SUV
5500
2014
0
0.000
89.9
61.3
65.0
63.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
47.9


101
7.7

0.0184
174.3


100.0%
Car SUV
5500
2015




















Car SUV
5500
2016
17
0.001
124.7
90.1
93.4
91.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.5


403
4.9

0.0733
252.9



Car SUV
5500
2017
9
0.001
126.4
90.9
95.1
93.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.8


761
3.5

0.1383
256.5


0.1%
Car SUV
5500
2018

0.000
126.2
74.3
75.7
75.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.7


749
3.6

0.1362
206.6


2.0%
Car SUV
6000
1975




















Car SUV
6000
1976




















Car SUV
6000
1977




















Car SUV
6000
1978




















Car SUV
6000
1979




















Car SUV
6000
1980




















Car SUV
6000
1981




















Car SUV
6000
1982




















Car SUV
6000
1983




















Car SUV
6000
1984




















Car SUV
6000
1985




















Car SUV
6000
1986




















Car SUV
6000
1987




















Car SUV
6000
1988




















Car SUV
6000
1989




















Car SUV
6000
1990




















Car SUV
6000
1991




















Car SUV
6000
1992




















Car SUV
6000
1993




















Car SUV
6000
1994




















Car SUV
6000
1995




















Car SUV
6000
1996




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-43
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
5500
1998















Car SUV
5500
1999















Car SUV
5500
2000















Car SUV
5500
2001















Car SUV
5500
2002















Car SUV
5500
2003















Car SUV
5500
2004















Car SUV
5500
2005















Car SUV
5500
2006















Car SUV
5500
2007















Car SUV
5500
2008















Car SUV
5500
2009















Car SUV
5500
2010















Car SUV
5500
2011















Car SUV
5500
2012




100.0%










Car SUV
5500
2013




100.0%










Car SUV
5500
2014




100.0%










Car SUV
5500
2015















Car SUV
5500
2016
100.0%


100.0%











Car SUV
5500
2017
99.9%


99.9%
0.1%










Car SUV
5500
2018
98.0%


98.0%
2.0%










Car SUV
6000
1975















Car SUV
6000
1976















Car SUV
6000
1977















Car SUV
6000
1978















Car SUV
6000
1979















Car SUV
6000
1980















Car SUV
6000
1981















Car SUV
6000
1982















Car SUV
6000
1983















Car SUV
6000
1984















Car SUV
6000
1985















Car SUV
6000
1986















Car SUV
6000
1987















Car SUV
6000
1988















Car SUV
6000
1989















Car SUV
6000
1990















Car SUV
6000
1991















Car SUV
6000
1992















Car SUV
6000
1993















Car SUV
6000
1994















Car SUV
6000
1995















Car SUV
6000
1996















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-44
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Car SUV
6000
1997




















Car SUV
6000
1998




















Car SUV
6000
1999




















Car SUV
6000
2000




















Car SUV
6000
2001




















Car SUV
6000
2002




















Car SUV
6000
2003




















Car SUV
6000
2004




















Car SUV
6000
2005




















Car SUV
6000
2006




















Car SUV
6000
2007




















Car SUV
6000
2008




















Car SUV
6000
2009




















Car SUV
6000
2010




















Car SUV
6000
2011




















Car SUV
6000
2012




















Car SUV
6000
2013




















Car SUV
6000
2014




















Car SUV
6000
2015




















Car SUV
6000
2016
1
0.000
116.8
81.5
91.5
86.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.5


463
2.9

0.0772
260.8



Car SUV
6000
2017
8
0.000
118.4
85.1
89.1
87.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.8


761
4.5

0.1268
262.1



Car SUV
6000
2018

0.001
117.4
70.5
71.9
71.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.8


762
4.2

0.1270
213.8



Van
2250
1975




















Van
2250
1976




















Van
2250
1977




















Van
2250
1978




















Van
2250
1979




















Van
2250
1980




















Van
2250
1981




















Van
2250
1982




















Van
2250
1983
1
0.000
39.0
33.5
32.3
32.9
303.0
314.0
309.0


97
52
21.7
0.536
0.0231
37.2


100.0%
Van
2250
1984
2
0.000
38.6
33.5
31.7
32.6
302.9
319.3
312.0


97
52
21.3
0.536
0.0231
36.9


100.0%
Van
2250
1985




















Van
2250
1986




















Van
2250
1987




















Van
2250
1988




















Van
2250
1989




















Van
2250
1990




















Van
2250
1991




















Van
2250
1992




















Van
2250
1993




















Van
2250
1994




















Van
2250
1995




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-45
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
6000
1997















Car SUV
6000
1998















Car SUV
6000
1999















Car SUV
6000
2000















Car SUV
6000
2001















Car SUV
6000
2002















Car SUV
6000
2003















Car SUV
6000
2004















Car SUV
6000
2005















Car SUV
6000
2006















Car SUV
6000
2007















Car SUV
6000
2008















Car SUV
6000
2009















Car SUV
6000
2010















Car SUV
6000
2011















Car SUV
6000
2012















Car SUV
6000
2013















Car SUV
6000
2014















Car SUV
6000
2015















Car SUV
6000
2016
100.0%


100.0%











Car SUV
6000
2017
100.0%


100.0%











Car SUV
6000
2018
100.0%


100.0%











Van
2250
1975















Van
2250
1976















Van
2250
1977















Van
2250
1978















Van
2250
1979















Van
2250
1980















Van
2250
1981















Van
2250
1982















Van
2250
1983


33.3%
66.7%







100.0%



Van
2250
1984


40.0%
60.0%







100.0%



Van
2250
1985















Van
2250
1986















Van
2250
1987















Van
2250
1988















Van
2250
1989















Van
2250
1990















Van
2250
1991















Van
2250
1992















Van
2250
1993















Van
2250
1994















Van
2250
1995















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-46
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
2250
1996




















Van
2250
1997




















Van
2250
1998




















Van
2250
1999




















Van
2250
2000




















Van
2250
2001




















Van
2250
2002




















Van
2250
2003




















Van
2250
2004




















Van
2250
2005




















Van
2250
2006




















Van
2250
2007




















Van
2250
2008




















Van
2250
2009




















Van
2250
2010




















Van
2250
2011




















Van
2250
2012




















Van
2250
2013




















Van
2250
2014




















Van
2250
2015




















Van
2250
2016




















Van
2250
2017




















Van
2250
2018




















Van
2750
1975




















Van
2750
1976




















Van
2750
1977




















Van
2750
1978




















Van
2750
1979




















Van
2750
1980




















Van
2750
1981




















Van
2750
1982




















Van
2750
1983




















Van
2750
1984
15
0.001
29.8
24.0
26.9
25.3
369.4
327.9
351.7


122
88
16.2
0.721
0.0320
34.8


100.0%
Van
2750
1985
8
0.001
29.8
23.5
28.2
25.4
378.1
313.8
350.0


122
88
15.3
0.721
0.0320
35.0


100.0%
Van
2750
1986
5
0.000
29.4
23.6
26.7
24.9
377.2
330.4
356.9


122
88
15.1
0.721
0.0320
34.3


100.0%
Van
2750
1987
4
0.000
29.3
23.3
26.4
24.7
380.9
334.1
360.2


122
88
15.4
0.721
0.0320
34.0


100.0%
Van
2750
1988




















Van
2750
1989




















Van
2750
1990




















Van
2750
1991




















Van
2750
1992




















Van
2750
1993




















Van
2750
1994




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-47
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
2250
1996















Van
2250
1997















Van
2250
1998















Van
2250
1999















Van
2250
2000















Van
2250
2001















Van
2250
2002















Van
2250
2003















Van
2250
2004















Van
2250
2005















Van
2250
2006















Van
2250
2007















Van
2250
2008















Van
2250
2009















Van
2250
2010















Van
2250
2011















Van
2250
2012















Van
2250
2013















Van
2250
2014















Van
2250
2015















Van
2250
2016















Van
2250
2017















Van
2250
2018















Van
2750
1975















Van
2750
1976















Van
2750
1977















Van
2750
1978















Van
2750
1979















Van
2750
1980















Van
2750
1981















Van
2750
1982















Van
2750
1983















Van
2750
1984


42.3%

57.7%

0.0%
100.0%







Van
2750
1985


77.4%

22.6%


100.0%







Van
2750
1986


52.5%

47.5%


100.0%







Van
2750
1987


47.8%

52.2%


100.0%







Van
2750
1988















Van
2750
1989















Van
2750
1990















Van
2750
1991















Van
2750
1992















Van
2750
1993















Van
2750
1994















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-48
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
2750
1995




















Van
2750
1996




















Van
2750
1997




















Van
2750
1998




















Van
2750
1999




















Van
2750
2000




















Van
2750
2001




















Van
2750
2002




















Van
2750
2003




















Van
2750
2004




















Van
2750
2005




















Van
2750
2006




















Van
2750
2007




















Van
2750
2008




















Van
2750
2009




















Van
2750
2010




















Van
2750
2011




















Van
2750
2012




















Van
2750
2013




















Van
2750
2014




















Van
2750
2015




















Van
2750
2016




















Van
2750
2017




















Van
2750
2018




















Van
3000
1975
0
0.000
21.2
16.1
21.6
18.2
552.8
408.5
489.5


109
67

0.615
0.0223
27.2



Van
3000
1976




















Van
3000
1977




















Van
3000
1978




















Van
3000
1979




















Van
3000
1980




















Van
3000
1981




















Van
3000
1982




















Van
3000
1983




















Van
3000
1984
31
0.002
25.7
20.4
23.8
21.8
432.0
370.2
406.8


134
92
16.5
0.691
0.0307
33.0


69.4%
Van
3000
1985
56
0.004
26.1
21.1
23.7
22.2
420.3
373.5
400.6


128
94
16.3
0.733
0.0313
33.4


51.2%
Van
3000
1986
50
0.003
26.9
21.3
24.9
22.8
415.4
354.7
390.1


128
92
15.3
0.717
0.0306
34.3


43.5%
Van
3000
1987
59
0.004
26.6
21.2
23.9
22.4
418.3
369.3
397.3


130
96
15.4
0.742
0.0320
33.7


38.2%
Van
3000
1988
17
0.001
27.4
21.5
24.9
23.0
411.9
354.9
386.8


124
97
15.4
0.782
0.0323
34.6


68.9%
Van
3000
1989
13
0.001
26.3
20.6
23.8
22.0
431.0
371.2
403.9


124
97
15.0
0.783
0.0323
33.1


73.5%
Van
3000
1990
5
0.000
26.4
20.3
24.3
22.0
438.0
364.0
403.8


137
116
12.2
0.842
0.0387
33.1


71.5%
Van
3000
1991
8
0.001
26.2
20.3
23.5
21.7
436.4
377.8
408.7


122
96
14.4
0.789
0.0321
32.6


78.8%
Van
3000
1992
23
0.002
28.3
21.2
26.4
23.5
418.5
336.3
378.8


119
114
12.2
0.963
0.0379
35.3


99.5%
Van
3000
1993
11
0.001
28.5
21.1
26.6
23.5
420.5
333.2
377.6


120
119
11.4
0.994
0.0397
35.4


100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-49
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
2750
1995















Van
2750
1996















Van
2750
1997















Van
2750
1998















Van
2750
1999















Van
2750
2000















Van
2750
2001















Van
2750
2002















Van
2750
2003















Van
2750
2004















Van
2750
2005















Van
2750
2006















Van
2750
2007















Van
2750
2008















Van
2750
2009















Van
2750
2010















Van
2750
2011















Van
2750
2012















Van
2750
2013















Van
2750
2014















Van
2750
2015















Van
2750
2016















Van
2750
2017















Van
2750
2018















Van
3000
1975

100.0%
71.4%
28.6%






100.0%




Van
3000
1976















Van
3000
1977















Van
3000
1978















Van
3000
1979















Van
3000
1980















Van
3000
1981















Van
3000
1982















Van
3000
1983















Van
3000
1984

30.6%
32.4%
44.0%
23.6%


69.4%

30.6%





Van
3000
1985
5.3%
43.5%
22.2%
27.5%
50.3%


56.5%

43.5%





Van
3000
1986
26.9%
29.6%
62.2%
5.6%
32.2%


70.4%

29.6%





Van
3000
1987
14.4%
47.4%
31.7%

68.3%


30.7%

69.3%





Van
3000
1988
19.5%
11.7%
41.5%

58.5%




100.0%





Van
3000
1989
18.0%
CO
35.0%

65.0%




99.3%
0.7%




Van
3000
1990
8.5%
20.0%
57.2%

42.8%




97.2%
2.8%




Van
3000
1991
21.2%

32.2%

67.8%




100.0%





Van
3000
1992
0.5%

35.3%

64.7%




100.0%





Van
3000
1993


13.3%

86.7%




100.0%





s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-50
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
3000
1994
5
0.000
28.4
20.8
26.7
23.4
424.2
331.7
379.7


127
124
11.0
0.981
0.0414
35.3


51.0%
Van
3000
1995
4
0.000
27.7
20.1
26.1
22.8
438.7
339.4
389.8


130
127
11.2
0.974
0.0422
34.4


40.5%
Van
3000
1996
0
0.000
27.7
19.9
26.0
22.7
443.2
341.3
392.2


134
127
11.5
0.954
0.0424
34.1


100.0%
Van
3000
1997




















Van
3000
1998




















Van
3000
1999




















Van
3000
2000




















Van
3000
2001




















Van
3000
2002




















Van
3000
2003




















Van
3000
2004




















Van
3000
2005




















Van
3000
2006




















Van
3000
2007




















Van
3000
2008




















Van
3000
2009




















Van
3000
2010




















Van
3000
2011




















Van
3000
2012




















Van
3000
2013




















Van
3000
2014




















Van
3000
2015




















Van
3000
2016




















Van
3000
2017




















Van
3000
2018




















Van
3500
1975
17
0.002
19.0
14.5
18.9
16.2
611.1
467.1
548.6


214
98

0.466
0.0280
28.4



Van
3500
1976
12
0.001
19.5
15.4
18.3
16.6
575.4
482.8
535.0


211
96

0.460
0.0273
29.1



Van
3500
1977
10
0.001
20.2
16.4
18.2
17.1
542.6
484.4
518.7


201
92

0.471
0.0264
30.1



Van
3500
1978
12
0.001
19.4
15.6
17.7
16.5
569.2
500.7
538.9


200
101
15.8
0.509
0.0288
28.9



Van
3500
1979
8
0.001
18.7
14.8
17.6
16.0
599.0
501.6
557.1


120
67
22.3
0.558
0.0191
28.0



Van
3500
1980
17
0.002
19.0
14.9
17.9
16.1
594.2
491.9
550.4


151
77
21.2
0.524
0.0219
28.3



Van
3500
1981
16
0.001
19.3
15.5
17.7
16.4
572.4
502.0
541.6


172
81
20.3
0.490
0.0230
28.8



Van
3500
1982
25
0.003
20.9
16.9
18.9
17.8
520.3
475.4
507.4


179
82
21.6
0.473
0.0233
31.9



Van
3500
1983
10
0.001
19.5
15.5
18.2
16.6
569.1
486.6
537.2


119
69
21.9
0.582
0.0198
29.4



Van
3500
1984
164
0.012
24.2
19.3
22.4
20.6
456.9
392.2
431.9


139
96
17.6
0.694
0.0275
36.3


68.8%
Van
3500
1985
292
0.020
23.5
18.7
21.9
20.0
473.4
403.1
444.2


154
102
16.8
0.673
0.0293
35.2


76.3%
Van
3500
1986
320
0.021
24.3
19.1
22.7
20.6
462.6
390.2
431.1


152
102
16.1
0.674
0.0292
36.2


71.0%
Van
3500
1987
329
0.022
24.1
18.7
22.7
20.4
473.2
389.5
435.5


162
120
14.8
0.735
0.0343
35.8


75.9%
Van
3500
1988
262
0.017
24.5
18.8
23.2
20.6
472.0
381.7
431.0


166
123
14.8
0.736
0.0353
36.2


80.7%
Van
3500
1989
264
0.018
24.3
18.7
22.5
20.4
473.0
393.8
436.7


159
120
14.6
0.753
0.0343
35.7


84.5%
Van
3500
1990
213
0.017
25.2
19.0
23.9
21.1
466.3
371.6
421.6


170
129
12.9
0.758
0.0368
37.0


92.4%
Van
3500
1991
63
0.005
25.3
19.2
23.5
21.0
462.2
378.6
422.4


161
109
14.8
0.674
0.0312
36.9


81.4%
Van
3500
1992
84
0.007
25.7
19.4
23.7
21.3
457.9
374.3
417.3


156
110
14.1
0.707
0.0314
37.3


85.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-51
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
3000
1994
49.0%

21.4%

78.6%




100.0%


95.2%


Van
3000
1995
59.5%

16.4%

83.6%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
3000
1996


13.2%

86.8%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
3000
1997















Van
3000
1998















Van
3000
1999















Van
3000
2000















Van
3000
2001















Van
3000
2002















Van
3000
2003















Van
3000
2004















Van
3000
2005















Van
3000
2006















Van
3000
2007















Van
3000
2008















Van
3000
2009















Van
3000
2010















Van
3000
2011















Van
3000
2012















Van
3000
2013















Van
3000
2014















Van
3000
2015















Van
3000
2016















Van
3000
2017















Van
3000
2018















Van
3500
1975

100.0%
18.7%
81.3%



93.9%


6.1%




Van
3500
1976

100.0%
24.4%
75.6%



86.7%


13.3%




Van
3500
1977

100.0%
28.8%
71.2%



76.8%


23.2%




Van
3500
1978

100.0%
28.4%
71.6%



76.6%


23.4%




Van
3500
1979

100.0%
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%




Van
3500
1980

100.0%
62.8%
12.2%
25.0%


29.9%


70.1%




Van
3500
1981

100.0%
55.9%
9.8%
34.3%


49.4%


50.6%




Van
3500
1982

100.0%
62.9%
4.6%
32.5%


59.9%


25.1%
15.0%



Van
3500
1983

100.0%
79.6%
20.4%






96.9%
3.1%



Van
3500
1984

31.2%
27.1%
57.2%
15.7%


68.8%

21.6%
9.6%




Van
3500
1985

23.7%
15.2%
70.2%
14.6%


83.3%

10.1%
6.6%




Van
3500
1986

29.0%
9.6%
66.9%
23.5%


75.3%

22.0%
2.7%




Van
3500
1987
1.8%
22.2%
9.6%
37.7%
52.8%


41.1%

50.5%
8.5%




Van
3500
1988
1.7%
17.6%
7.3%
28.8%
63.9%




63.5%
36.5%




Van
3500
1989
1.3%
14.2%
5.6%
63.9%
30.6%




53.6%
46.4%




Van
3500
1990
1.3%
6.3%
5.0%
4.1%
90.9%




72.1%
27.9%




Van
3500
1991
3.6%
15.0%
4.1%

95.9%




28.9%
71.1%




Van
3500
1992
7.3%
7.1%
8.6%

91.4%




35.5%
64.5%




s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-52
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
3500
1993
220
0.017
25.3
18.6
24.0
21.0
476.4
370.3
423.8


176
133
11.7
0.755
0.0380
36.7


96.5%
Van
3500
1994
144
0.010
24.7
18.3
22.9
20.4
486.1
387.3
436.4


173
131
11.8
0.755
0.0374
35.7


96.5%
Van
3500
1995
237
0.016
25.1
18.4
23.4
20.6
482.9
379.7
430.6


171
137
11.6
0.807
0.0391
36.2


95.4%
Van
3500
1996
33
0.002
27.0
19.4
25.6
22.1
455.3
346.5
401.4


145
144
11.6
1.013
0.0411
39.0


76.3%
Van
3500
1997
33
0.002
24.2
17.6
22.2
19.7
502.2
401.2
450.6


145
133
12.2
0.927
0.0379
34.6


73.1%
Van
3500
1998
16
0.001
27.0
19.3
24.9
21.9
459.6
357.0
405.3


138
150
11.6
1.087
0.0429
38.4


100.0%
Van
3500
1999
1
0.000
26.9
19.3
24.3
21.7
461.1
365.5
409.8


138
150
11.5
1.087
0.0429
37.9


100.0%
Van
3500
2000




















Van
3500
2001




















Van
3500
2002




















Van
3500
2003




















Van
3500
2004




















Van
3500
2005




















Van
3500
2006




















Van
3500
2007




















Van
3500
2008
16
0.001
30.7
20.9
27.3
24.1
425.7
325.9
368.8
45.3

140
153
10.6
1.093
0.0437
42.2


100.0%
Van
3500
2009
22
0.002
30.3
20.7
26.8
23.8
429.4
331.7
373.7
45.3

140
153
10.4
1.093
0.0437
41.6


100.0%
Van
3500
2010
57
0.005
30.5
21.4
25.7
23.6
415.3
345.6
376.0
46.9

128
145
11.2
1.128
0.0413
41.4


100.0%
Van
3500
2011
28
0.002
30.1
20.9
25.6
23.4
424.8
346.9
380.4
48.1

122
140
11.6
1.148
0.0400
40.9


100.0%
Van
3500
2012
69
0.005
31.3
21.2
27.1
24.2
419.9
327.8
367.6
46.6

136
146
11.1
1.074
0.0417
42.3


100.0%
Van
3500
2013
63
0.004
31.1
21.2
26.7
24.0
418.8
332.6
370.0
47.4

129
140
11.4
1.091
0.0401
42.0


100.0%
Van
3500
2014
27
0.002
32.6
22.2
26.8
24.6
400.1
330.4
361.2
46.2

140
149
10.5
1.068
0.0426
43.1


100.0%
Van
3500
2015
67
0.004
33.6
22.9
27.0
25.0
386.9
328.9
354.8
47.7

133
146
10.6
1.100
0.0418
43.8


100.0%
Van
3500
2016
30
0.002
32.3
21.8
27.5
24.7
405.5
323.1
359.7
48.9

139
161
9.6
1.159
0.0461
43.3


100.0%
Van
3500
2017
50
0.003
33.3
22.8
27.2
25.1
388.1
326.5
354.3
48.7

132
147
10.3
1.110
0.0421
43.9


100.0%
Van
3500
2018

0.004
33.0
22.4
27.0
24.8
394.3
328.9
358.2
49.3

134
154
10.1
1.143
0.0440
43.4


100.0%
Van
4000
1975
262
0.026
14.0
11.2
12.9
11.9
775.2
665.1
747.4


311
136

0.434
0.0340
24.5



Van
4000
1976
293
0.024
14.1
11.2
13.1
12.0
765.3
658.2
740.9


323
142

0.437
0.0356
24.7



Van
4000
1977
262
0.019
16.1
13.0
14.6
13.7
676.1
599.1
649.5


323
148

0.457
0.0371
27.7



Van
4000
1978
310
0.021
15.6
12.7
14.1
13.3
690.3
615.5
670.1


321
142
13.2
0.444
0.0356
27.0



Van
4000
1979
83
0.006
16.5
13.5
14.8
14.0
651.9
590.4
633.2


275
128
15.4
0.468
0.0320
28.4



Van
4000
1980
90
0.008
18.4
14.6
17.0
15.6
603.2
518.2
569.3


263
121
16.4
0.466
0.0304
31.4



Van
4000
1981
82
0.008
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
589.9
507.8
557.5


262
120
16.6
0.463
0.0300
32.1


0.8%
Van
4000
1982
85
0.009
18.8
15.0
17.4
16.0
585.9
506.3
556.4


264
117
18.3
0.445
0.0292
32.4



Van
4000
1983
102
0.010
18.8
15.0
17.5
16.0
587.3
501.3
554.4


261
112
16.9
0.433
0.0281
32.4



Van
4000
1984
160
0.011
18.0
14.3
16.8
15.3
615.7
519.5
580.6


276
116
16.3
0.427
0.0290
31.0



Van
4000
1985
184
0.013
19.8
15.6
18.6
16.8
562.8
469.0
528.2


272
137
14.5
0.510
0.0342
34.1


0.2%
Van
4000
1986
316
0.021
21.1
16.3
20.5
18.0
545.5
430.3
494.5


232
134
14.1
0.590
0.0335
36.0


0.1%
Van
4000
1987
401
0.027
21.7
16.6
21.0
18.4
535.3
420.1
483.9


222
149
13.4
0.689
0.0371
36.9


7.6%
Van
4000
1988
559
0.037
22.2
16.8
21.7
18.8
528.8
408.5
473.5


214
150
13.5
0.717
0.0374
37.6


33.5%
Van
4000
1989
674
0.047
22.5
16.9
21.9
18.9
525.4
405.1
469.4


207
145
13.1
0.722
0.0364
38.0


30.6%
Van
4000
1990
684
0.054
22.2
16.6
21.5
18.7
531.9
410.3
475.5


199
143
12.7
0.722
0.0357
37.5


57.0%
Van
4000
1991
686
0.055
22.5
16.8
21.5
18.8
525.6
411.3
471.6


194
144
12.7
0.756
0.0361
37.8


49.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-53
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
3500
1993
0.1%
3.4%
2.9%

97.1%




80.2%
19.8%




Van
3500
1994
0.7%
2.8%
2.8%

97.2%




73.4%
26.6%

0.7%


Van
3500
1995
0.8%
3.7%
0.2%

99.8%




87.5%
12.5%

14.3%


Van
3500
1996
0.4%
23.4%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


75.5%


Van
3500
1997

26.9%


100.0%




100.0%


73.1%


Van
3500
1998




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
3500
1999




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
3500
2000















Van
3500
2001















Van
3500
2002















Van
3500
2003















Van
3500
2004















Van
3500
2005















Van
3500
2006















Van
3500
2007















Van
3500
2008


4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2009


4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2010


2.4%

97.6%




100.0%


100.0%
35.3%

Van
3500
2011




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
3500
2012


1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


100.0%
47.1%

Van
3500
2013


0.9%

90.1%
9.0%



100.0%


100.0%
31.7%

Van
3500
2014


1.2%

60.2%
38.6%


1.1%
98.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2015




39.7%
60.3%


0.8%
99.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2016




65.9%
34.1%


1.0%
99.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2017




39.8%
60.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
3500
2018




46.0%
54.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4000
1975

100.0%
34.8%
65.2%



100.0%







Van
4000
1976

100.0%
30.9%
69.1%



100.0%







Van
4000
1977

100.0%
23.4%
76.6%



100.0%







Van
4000
1978

100.0%
22.6%
77.4%



100.0%







Van
4000
1979

100.0%
34.8%
36.2%
29.1%


100.0%







Van
4000
1980

100.0%
41.3%
15.0%
43.7%


95.9%


4.1%




Van
4000
1981

99.2%
33.7%
15.5%
50.9%


96.0%


4.0%




Van
4000
1982

100.0%
23.9%
20.8%
55.3%


94.1%


3.5%
2.3%



Van
4000
1983

100.0%
28.5%
31.5%
40.0%


96.7%


3.3%




Van
4000
1984

100.0%
21.2%
49.0%
29.8%


96.6%


3.4%




Van
4000
1985

99.8%
10.2%
31.8%
58.0%


96.6%

0.2%
3.2%




Van
4000
1986

99.9%
6.5%
7.2%
86.3%


27.8%

21.1%
51.1%




Van
4000
1987
1.7%
90.7%
4.2%
4.9%
90.3%

0.6%
5.0%

48.9%
46.1%




Van
4000
1988
0.2%
66.3%
2.6%
3.6%
93.8%




60.7%
39.3%




Van
4000
1989
0.4%
68.9%
2.4%
1.1%
96.5%




67.7%
32.3%




Van
4000
1990
10.0%
33.0%
1.4%
1.5%
97.1%




69.4%
30.6%




Van
4000
1991
12.6%
38.3%
1.3%
0.4%
98.4%




79.7%
20.3%




s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-54
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
4000
1992
758
0.062
22.6
16.7
21.7
18.9
529.5
408.0
470.9


198
146
12.3
0.745
0.0365
37.8


60.7%
Van
4000
1993
826
0.063
22.6
16.5
22.0
18.9
536.9
403.3
471.0


196
149
11.3
0.768
0.0373
37.8


59.4%
Van
4000
1994
849
0.060
22.7
16.5
21.9
18.9
536.3
404.9
471.4


203
151
11.1
0.752
0.0378
37.8


70.6%
Van
4000
1995
990
0.065
22.9
16.4
22.4
19.0
542.9
396.2
468.7


217
152
11.3
0.713
0.0380
38.0


79.7%
Van
4000
1996
956
0.073
23.5
16.8
22.6
19.4
527.9
392.4
458.5


201
166
11.2
0.828
0.0415
38.8


90.3%
Van
4000
1997
792
0.055
23.4
16.6
22.5
19.3
533.0
394.7
461.5


197
164
11.3
0.835
0.0409
38.6


87.9%
Van
4000
1998
1116
0.077
23.8
16.7
23.0
19.5
532.2
385.3
455.0


202
174
11.1
0.863
0.0435
39.1


96.2%
Van
4000
1999
822
0.054
23.9
16.6
23.2
19.6
534.5
383.1
454.1


198
168
11.3
0.857
0.0420
39.2


95.7%
Van
4000
2000
948
0.057
24.2
16.7
23.3
19.7
530.1
381.4
450.4


194
171
10.7
0.892
0.0427
39.5


95.9%
Van
4000
2001
463
0.030
24.6
16.9
23.4
20.0
523.5
377.6
445.1


194
183
10.1
0.953
0.0457
40.0


95.8%
Van
4000
2002
451
0.028
24.9
17.0
23.8
20.2
521.5
372.5
440.4


196
186
10.2
0.956
0.0464
40.5


95.7%
Van
4000
2003
493
0.031
25.4
17.2
24.2
20.5
515.2
366.4
432.7


199
185
10.0
0.934
0.0462
41.1


96.9%
Van
4000
2004
186
0.012
25.1
16.8
24.2
20.3
529.8
366.3
438.4


203
185
10.0
0.917
0.0463
40.6


92.6%
Van
4000
2005
380
0.024
25.5
17.0
24.0
20.4
520.5
369.4
435.3


198
182
10.0
0.926
0.0456
40.9


95.4%
Van
4000
2006
160
0.011
25.7
17.2
24.2
20.6
515.9
367.2
431.4


190
183
10.1
0.969
0.0457
41.2


100.0%
Van
4000
2007
81
0.005
25.9
17.4
24.4
20.8
511.7
363.8
427.5


190
184
10.1
0.976
0.0460
41.6


100.0%
Van
4000
2008




















Van
4000
2009




















Van
4000
2010




















Van
4000
2011




















Van
4000
2012




















Van
4000
2013




















Van
4000
2014
29
0.002
30.3
20.2
27.6
23.8
440.0
321.8
372.7
51.9

150
168
10.3
1.132
0.0421
47.7


100.0%
Van
4000
2015
39
0.002
30.6
20.4
27.9
24.1
435.5
318.7
369.1
51.9

149
169
10.2
1.151
0.0423
48.2


100.0%
Van
4000
2016
42
0.003
29.5
19.7
27.0
23.3
451.3
328.4
381.5
51.9

150
169
10.3
1.143
0.0423
46.6


100.0%
Van
4000
2017
28
0.002
29.4
19.6
27.3
23.3
453.4
325.7
380.7
51.9

153
169
10.3
1.108
0.0423
46.7


100.0%
Van
4000
2018

0.002
29.7
19.8
27.1
23.4
448.7
327.9
379.9
50.9

153
169
10.3
1.108
0.0423
46.8


100.0%
Van
4500
1975
165
0.016
11.6
9.5
10.3
9.8
927.5
862.5
902.5


333
155

0.464
0.0345
22.2



Van
4500
1976
188
0.015
13.3
10.7
12.3
11.3
827.0
715.5
783.2


330
153

0.463
0.0340
25.7



Van
4500
1977
222
0.016
13.5
11.0
12.0
11.4
803.8
732.0
777.8


342
157

0.458
0.0348
25.9



Van
4500
1978
289
0.020
13.0
10.7
11.4
11.0
823.5
774.0
808.4


341
157
13.4
0.460
0.0348
24.9



Van
4500
1979
273
0.020
13.6
11.1
12.0
11.5
786.2
727.1
772.5


329
145
15.2
0.443
0.0322
26.3



Van
4500
1980
91
0.008
16.3
13.1
15.1
13.9
675.8
583.5
639.4


313
141
15.8
0.449
0.0313
31.5



Van
4500
1981
121
0.011
17.1
13.7
15.7
14.6
642.8
561.6
610.3


305
138
16.0
0.453
0.0306
33.0


0.2%
Van
4500
1982
164
0.017
16.8
13.5
15.3
14.2
655.3
575.2
624.0


307
145
16.6
0.474
0.0323
32.3



Van
4500
1983
215
0.021
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
642.9
547.2
605.2


308
149
14.7
0.485
0.0332
33.3



Van
4500
1984
245
0.017
17.0
13.4
16.0
14.4
659.1
547.7
615.2


309
153
14.4
0.493
0.0339
32.8



Van
4500
1985
258
0.018
16.1
12.8
14.9
13.7
692.2
592.9
651.0


309
156
14.1
0.503
0.0346
30.9



Van
4500
1986
284
0.019
17.5
13.8
16.2
14.8
640.4
546.5
599.7


304
148
14.0
0.485
0.0328
33.4



Van
4500
1987
252
0.017
17.3
13.5
16.2
14.7
654.9
544.9
605.8


313
163
13.3
0.521
0.0363
33.1



Van
4500
1988
184
0.012
17.9
13.9
16.8
15.1
640.3
526.1
589.1


321
169
13.1
0.528
0.0376
34.0



Van
4500
1989
223
0.015
17.5
13.5
16.5
14.8
658.7
534.5
602.3


323
175
12.4
0.541
0.0389
33.3



Van
4500
1990
268
0.021
18.7
14.1
17.9
15.7
626.3
490.3
565.7


306
174
11.6
0.569
0.0387
35.6



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-55
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
4000
1992
1.8%
37.5%
0.6%

99.4%




85.2%
14.8%




Van
4000
1993
1.1%
39.5%
1.1%

98.9%




90.4%
9.6%




Van
4000
1994
3.1%
26.3%
0.2%

99.8%




90.2%
9.8%

4.6%


Van
4000
1995
10.1%
10.2%

0.0%
100.0%




96.0%
4.0%

3.0%


Van
4000
1996

9.7%


100.0%




100.0%


5.3%


Van
4000
1997

12.1%


100.0%




100.0%


6.3%


Van
4000
1998

3.8%


100.0%




100.0%


11.6%


Van
4000
1999

4.3%


100.0%




100.0%


15.9%
8.5%

Van
4000
2000

4.1%


100.0%




100.0%


25.7%
13.9%

Van
4000
2001

4.2%


100.0%




100.0%


32.6%
18.6%

Van
4000
2002

4.3%


100.0%




100.0%


33.0%
24.5%

Van
4000
2003

3.1%


100.0%




100.0%


19.6%
15.5%

Van
4000
2004

7.4%


100.0%




100.0%


15.3%
12.0%

Van
4000
2005

4.6%


89.6%
10.4%



100.0%


20.7%


Van
4000
2006




78.1%
21.9%



100.0%


39.3%
6.3%

Van
4000
2007




68.9%
31.1%



100.0%


41.3%


Van
4000
2008















Van
4000
2009















Van
4000
2010















Van
4000
2011















Van
4000
2012















Van
4000
2013















Van
4000
2014




100.0%



4.7%
95.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4000
2015




100.0%



6.5%
93.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4000
2016




100.0%



5.3%
94.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4000
2017




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4000
2018




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
1975

100.0%
6.2%
93.8%



100.0%







Van
4500
1976

100.0%
5.0%
95.0%



100.0%







Van
4500
1977

100.0%
3.8%
96.2%



100.0%







Van
4500
1978

100.0%
2.6%
97.4%



100.0%







Van
4500
1979

100.0%
11.3%
87.8%
0.9%


100.0%







Van
4500
1980

100.0%
14.5%
37.7%
47.9%


100.0%







Van
4500
1981

99.8%
13.3%
37.9%
48.8%


100.0%







Van
4500
1982

100.0%
6.8%
46.7%
46.6%


100.0%







Van
4500
1983

100.0%
3.4%
27.9%
68.7%


100.0%







Van
4500
1984

100.0%
2.9%
20.4%
76.7%


100.0%







Van
4500
1985

100.0%
1.0%
25.7%
73.3%


100.0%







Van
4500
1986

100.0%
0.6%
21.4%
78.0%


78.4%

21.6%

0.0%



Van
4500
1987

100.0%
1.0%
42.7%
56.3%


22.7%

32.2%
45.0%
0.0%



Van
4500
1988

100.0%
0.9%
38.6%
60.4%


0.7%

16.5%
82.8%
0.0%



Van
4500
1989
0.1%
99.9%
0.7%
27.3%
71.9%

0.1%


20.8%
79.1%
0.0%



Van
4500
1990
4.2%
95.8%
0.0%
10.7%
89.1%

0.1%


9.2%
90.8%
0.0%



s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-56
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
4500
1991
211
0.017
19.1
14.3
18.4
16.0
619.2
476.5
554.8


294
170
11.9
0.580
0.0377
36.4



Van
4500
1992
242
0.020
19.2
14.3
18.3
16.1
614.6
478.8
553.7


288
179
11.3
0.626
0.0398
36.5



Van
4500
1993
251
0.019
19.8
14.6
19.0
16.5
606.9
465.3
539.3


282
180
10.6
0.646
0.0400
37.3


1.3%
Van
4500
1994
278
0.020
19.3
14.2
18.3
16.1
618.8
479.4
553.4


283
187
10.3
0.664
0.0414
36.5


0.0%
Van
4500
1995
291
0.019
19.1
14.0
18.1
15.8
629.7
487.3
560.8


292
190
10.3
0.662
0.0421
35.9



Van
4500
1996
291
0.022
20.6
14.8
20.0
17.1
598.0
437.6
520.0


248
177
11.4
0.716
0.0393
38.8


52.1%
Van
4500
1997
275
0.019
20.7
14.8
19.9
17.1
598.2
439.3
519.7


252
182
11.1
0.727
0.0405
38.8


35.5%
Van
4500
1998
188
0.013
21.5
15.3
20.6
17.7
581.4
428.1
502.8


242
186
11.3
0.770
0.0413
39.9


40.3%
Van
4500
1999
426
0.028
22.1
15.5
21.2
18.1
573.6
416.5
491.5


234
193
10.9
0.826
0.0428
40.8


76.0%
Van
4500
2000
578
0.035
22.3
15.5
21.4
18.2
572.1
412.0
487.9


232
192
10.5
0.832
0.0426
41.2


78.4%
Van
4500
2001
462
0.030
23.5
16.2
22.5
19.1
546.9
393.6
464.8


217
196
10.2
0.908
0.0436
43.2


88.5%
Van
4500
2002
623
0.039
23.3
16.0
22.2
18.9
552.7
398.1
469.3


220
206
10.0
0.941
0.0458
42.8


90.9%
Van
4500
2003
564
0.036
23.6
16.1
22.4
19.1
552.7
394.3
465.6


222
211
9.8
0.955
0.0468
43.1


88.6%
Van
4500
2004
644
0.041
24.2
16.2
23.1
19.5
545.5
383.0
455.3


216
221
9.4
1.033
0.0492
44.1


93.2%
Van
4500
2005
955
0.060
24.1
16.1
22.9
19.4
551.0
386.4
458.4


218
219
9.5
1.012
0.0487
43.7


92.3%
Van
4500
2006
928
0.061
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.8
543.8
377.4
449.8


216
215
9.6
1.000
0.0477
44.5


95.6%
Van
4500
2007
734
0.048
24.2
16.1
23.3
19.6
549.3
381.6
454.5


219
230
9.3
1.051
0.0510
44.1


97.2%
Van
4500
2008
713
0.051
24.7
16.4
23.6
19.9
539.7
375.8
447.1
54.0

218
221
9.6
1.014
0.0490
44.8


96.1%
Van
4500
2009
256
0.028
24.7
16.5
23.5
19.9
537.6
378.5
447.6
54.8

216
219
9.4
1.019
0.0486
44.7


97.4%
Van
4500
2010
361
0.033
24.4
16.3
23.3
19.7
545.0
380.9
452.1
54.8

221
210
9.6
0.955
0.0467
44.3


98.4%
Van
4500
2011
455
0.038
26.6
17.7
25.0
21.2
501.2
354.8
418.5
55.5

214
266
8.1
1.243
0.0592
47.8


98.5%
Van
4500
2012
555
0.041
26.7
17.7
25.3
21.4
502.7
350.0
416.2
55.3

215
268
8.1
1.245
0.0596
48.1


99.1%
Van
4500
2013
353
0.023
26.6
17.6
25.3
21.3
503.9
351.0
417.4
55.5

215
269
8.1
1.251
0.0598
48.0


100.0%
Van
4500
2014
569
0.037
26.8
17.8
25.4
21.4
498.9
349.5
414.6
55.3

216
271
8.0
1.251
0.0601
48.3


100.0%
Van
4500
2015
508
0.030
27.0
17.9
25.4
21.6
494.5
348.7
412.2
55.6

215
268
8.0
1.250
0.0596
48.6


100.0%
Van
4500
2016
528
0.032
27.0
17.9
25.6
21.6
494.2
346.9
411.2
55.6

214
268
8.0
1.254
0.0596
48.7


99.1%
Van
4500
2017
423
0.025
27.6
18.0
26.6
22.1
493.0
332.8
402.9
56.5

216
282
7.5
1.308
0.0627
49.8


99.2%
Van
4500
2018

0.021
28.0
18.4
26.8
22.4
482.9
330.8
397.3
55.9

213
282
7.3
1.323
0.0626
50.4


98.6%
Van
5000
1975
12
0.001
12.0
9.7
10.7
10.2
903.3
825.7
874.5


398
200

0.497
0.0401
25.5



Van
5000
1976
8
0.001
12.4
10.1
10.9
10.5
873.6
810.9
847.2


370
169

0.455
0.0338
26.3



Van
5000
1977
18
0.001
12.4
10.0
11.2
10.5
886.3
791.9
845.9


404
187

0.464
0.0375
26.3



Van
5000
1978
12
0.001
12.5
10.3
11.0
10.6
863.7
806.6
839.8


389
183
12.9
0.470
0.0365
26.5



Van
5000
1979
96
0.007
11.8
9.6
10.6
10.0
907.1
835.1
885.8


347
155
15.6
0.446
0.0309
25.4



Van
5000
1980
35
0.003
14.2
11.4
13.1
12.1
778.4
676.2
735.3


334
148
16.3
0.441
0.0295
30.3



Van
5000
1981
26
0.002
14.8
11.9
13.6
12.6
738.7
648.8
704.4


325
145
16.4
0.448
0.0290
31.8



Van
5000
1982
36
0.004
15.1
12.1
13.8
12.8
729.3
638.0
694.4


320
144
17.7
0.450
0.0288
32.3



Van
5000
1983
49
0.005
17.1
13.5
16.0
14.5
662.0
552.0
629.2


336
143
15.9
0.431
0.0286
38.0



Van
5000
1984
54
0.004
15.6
12.3
14.7
13.3
715.5
595.1
674.8


329
155
15.1
0.472
0.0310
34.1



Van
5000
1985
52
0.004
15.4
12.2
14.4
13.1
722.6
604.9
679.6


323
158
14.8
0.486
0.0315
33.3



Van
5000
1986
62
0.004
16.0
12.5
15.0
13.5
705.1
587.2
657.4


326
162
14.0
0.495
0.0324
34.2



Van
5000
1987
64
0.004
15.9
12.3
15.0
13.4
717.6
585.3
661.9


323
167
13.9
0.516
0.0334
33.9



Van
5000
1988
100
0.007
16.7
12.8
16.1
14.2
692.7
548.1
628.3


312
156
14.5
0.500
0.0313
35.6



Van
5000
1989
99
0.007
16.5
12.5
15.8
13.9
707.0
557.1
640.1


315
159
13.9
0.503
0.0318
35.0



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-57
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
4500
1991
10.8%
89.2%
0.1%
5.6%
94.3%




12.7%
87.2%
0.0%



Van
4500
1992
13.6%
86.4%
0.0%
2.6%
97.4%




31.2%
68.8%




Van
4500
1993
14.9%
83.8%

1.3%
98.7%




32.3%
67.7%




Van
4500
1994
14.8%
85.1%

3.4%
96.6%




49.7%
50.3%

1.6%


Van
4500
1995
7.5%
92.5%

2.2%
97.8%




56.0%
44.0%

2.5%


Van
4500
1996
6.1%
41.8%

2.2%
97.8%




100.0%


1.7%


Van
4500
1997
13.3%
51.2%

2.0%
98.0%




100.0%


2.2%


Van
4500
1998
14.7%
45.0%


100.0%




100.0%


4.6%


Van
4500
1999
4.8%
19.3%


100.0%




100.0%


11.8%
11.8%

Van
4500
2000
3.7%
17.9%


100.0%




100.0%


21.1%
21.1%

Van
4500
2001
1.9%
9.6%


100.0%




100.0%


27.2%
26.7%

Van
4500
2002
2.8%
6.3%


100.0%




100.0%


24.7%
23.9%

Van
4500
2003
6.0%
5.4%


100.0%




100.0%


30.1%
29.3%

Van
4500
2004
5.0%
1.8%


100.0%




100.0%


64.8%
64.8%

Van
4500
2005
6.6%
1.1%


96.2%
3.8%



100.0%


42.6%
38.8%

Van
4500
2006
4.4%



97.9%
2.1%



100.0%


52.0%
44.7%

Van
4500
2007
2.8%



98.3%
1.7%



100.0%


56.6%
56.2%

Van
4500
2008
3.9%



100.0%




100.0%


51.7%
51.0%

Van
4500
2009
2.6%



100.0%




100.0%


46.9%
39.6%

Van
4500
2010
1.6%



100.0%




100.0%


29.6%
29.6%

Van
4500
2011
1.5%



96.5%
3.5%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2012
0.9%



96.2%
3.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2013




96.7%
3.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2014




98.5%
1.5%


0.0%
100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2015




97.5%
2.5%


5.0%
95.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2016

0.9%


98.5%
1.5%


9.9%
90.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2017

0.8%


98.7%
1.3%


9.2%
90.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4500
2018

1.4%


100.0%



52.2%
47.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
5000
1975

100.0%
13.1%
86.9%



100.0%







Van
5000
1976

100.0%
1.9%
98.1%



100.0%







Van
5000
1977

100.0%
2.7%
97.3%



100.0%







Van
5000
1978

100.0%
1.0%
99.0%



100.0%







Van
5000
1979

100.0%
4.3%
89.2%
6.5%


100.0%







Van
5000
1980

100.0%
5.0%
75.1%
19.9%


100.0%







Van
5000
1981

100.0%
4.8%
63.4%
31.7%


100.0%







Van
5000
1982

100.0%
4.7%
65.8%
29.4%


100.0%







Van
5000
1983

100.0%
2.6%
28.0%
69.4%


73.1%



26.9%



Van
5000
1984

100.0%
3.5%
44.6%
51.9%


91.6%



CO



Van
5000
1985

100.0%
1.5%
33.3%
65.2%


97.2%



2.8%



Van
5000
1986

100.0%
0.7%
40.6%
58.7%


75.1%

23.5%

1.4%



Van
5000
1987

100.0%
0.4%
51.5%
48.1%


45.8%

40.0%
13.6%
0.6%



Van
5000
1988

100.0%
0.0%
25.8%
74.2%


1.0%

84.0%
14.3%
0.7%



Van
5000
1989

100.0%
0.0%
23.3%
76.6%




83.0%
16.5%
0.5%



s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-58
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
5000
1990
84
0.007
16.5
12.5
15.7
13.9
709.3
562.8
641.7


317
165
12.7
0.519
0.0331
34.8



Van
5000
1991
56
0.004
16.6
12.5
15.8
13.9
709.4
559.8
638.9


315
165
12.8
0.522
0.0330
34.9



Van
5000
1992
92
0.008
17.5
13.1
16.7
14.7
675.1
527.1
606.4


305
169
12.4
0.557
0.0339
36.9



Van
5000
1993
101
0.008
17.7
13.1
16.9
14.8
673.5
523.3
601.8


306
184
11.0
0.607
0.0369
37.1



Van
5000
1994
108
0.008
17.6
12.9
17.0
14.7
687.5
519.8
604.7


308
190
10.7
0.623
0.0381
36.8



Van
5000
1995
106
0.007
17.8
13.0
16.9
14.7
680.2
525.4
602.9


302
184
11.2
0.613
0.0367
36.9


1.7%
Van
5000
1996
100
0.008
17.8
12.9
17.0
14.8
684.0
520.8
601.4


317
203
11.0
0.644
0.0407
37.0



Van
5000
1997
136
0.009
19.0
13.7
18.1
15.7
648.7
489.3
566.2


296
219
10.4
0.743
0.0438
39.3



Van
5000
1998
135
0.009
18.6
13.3
17.8
15.4
666.2
497.0
578.3


295
217
10.8
0.738
0.0433
38.5



Van
5000
1999
176
0.012
18.2
13.0
17.3
15.0
684.8
513.6
593.9


296
219
10.6
0.741
0.0437
37.4


0.1%
Van
5000
2000
145
0.009
18.4
13.1
17.1
15.0
676.2
517.5
591.9


292
219
10.2
0.751
0.0437
37.6



Van
5000
2001
174
0.011
19.1
13.4
17.9
15.5
660.6
493.4
571.8


284
226
9.8
0.800
0.0452
39.0



Van
5000
2002
155
0.010
18.7
13.2
17.3
15.2
672.0
510.1
586.4


262
210
10.4
0.813
0.0420
38.1


32.1%
Van
5000
2003
137
0.009
19.3
13.5
17.7
15.6
656.5
498.0
570.4


252
205
10.5
0.820
0.0409
39.1


37.7%
Van
5000
2004
101
0.006
20.4
13.9
19.4
16.5
639.8
455.2
538.0


241
205
10.5
0.857
0.0410
41.5


52.5%
Van
5000
2005
130
0.008
20.7
14.0
19.6
16.7
634.3
451.0
531.8


235
202
10.5
0.869
0.0404
41.9


58.9%
Van
5000
2006
63
0.004
19.9
13.7
18.1
15.9
646.2
488.9
557.6


267
216
10.3
0.810
0.0432
39.9



Van
5000
2007
23
0.002
20.4
14.1
18.7
16.4
631.7
475.0
542.4


269
205
10.7
0.761
0.0411
41.0



Van
5000
2008
51
0.004
23.9
16.1
22.5
19.2
548.8
388.0
462.8
57.8

249
232
9.6
0.939
0.0464
48.6


63.9%
Van
5000
2009
84
0.009
25.3
16.7
24.5
20.4
530.1
360.1
435.1
55.7

226
239
9.3
1.066
0.0479
51.3


88.5%
Van
5000
2010
134
0.012
25.3
16.7
24.7
20.5
531.4
359.2
434.2
55.2

228
243
9.2
1.075
0.0487
51.3


93.7%
Van
5000
2011
27
0.002
22.9
15.6
21.1
18.4
567.6
420.3
484.1
58.2

225
247
9.4
1.120
0.0493
45.9



Van
5000
2012
27
0.002
22.6
15.4
21.0
18.2
574.4
420.5
489.2
60.0

240
229
9.9
0.982
0.0459
45.6



Van
5000
2013
145
0.010
25.0
16.6
24.0
20.1
535.4
369.0
441.4
55.5

221
275
8.5
1.252
0.0551
50.4


79.6%
Van
5000
2014
35
0.002
22.7
15.4
21.3
18.3
573.9
413.8
486.8
58.6

230
244
9.5
1.084
0.0487
46.0


3.6%
Van
5000
2015
33
0.002
24.3
16.4
22.9
19.5
542.5
388.3
454.6
56.0

211
269
8.7
1.277
0.0538
48.9


10.0%
Van
5000
2016
22
0.001
25.1
17.0
22.9
19.9
519.0
388.3
446.3
56.3

194
258
CO
CO
1.362
0.0516
49.9


13.7%
Van
5000
2017
108
0.006
28.0
18.8
26.1
22.3
421.0
334.9
398.0
56.1

209
291
7.7
1.392
0.0582
58.2


67.2%
Van
5000
2018

0.007
31.0
20.8
27.6
24.2
240.1
295.9
358.0
56.2

210
278
7.6
1.332
0.0556
65.8


78.9%
Van
5500
1975




















Van
5500
1976
0
0.000
11.1
9.0
10.0
9.4
989.4
891.5
945.4


350
160

0.457
0.0291
25.9



Van
5500
1977




















Van
5500
1978




















Van
5500
1979
17
0.001
11.4
9.5
9.9
9.7
919.3
892.4
917.4


377
168
15.9
0.438
0.0305
26.9



Van
5500
1980
8
0.001
12.4
10.0
11.2
10.5
887.3
794.8
846.3


356
154
16.6
0.431
0.0279
28.9



Van
5500
1981
1
0.000
12.3
9.9
11.2
10.5
886.3
786.8
850.2


346
154
16.5
0.447
0.0281
29.0



Van
5500
1982
0
0.000
13.4
10.9
12.1
11.4
816.2
733.4
781.5


337
143
18.5
0.427
0.0260
31.4



Van
5500
1983
5
0.000
18.2
14.2
17.5
15.5
644.3
507.0
611.5


369
140
16.8
0.383
0.0255
46.3



Van
5500
1984
6
0.000
14.5
11.4
13.9
12.4
763.8
623.3
739.2


362
158
15.6
0.438
0.0287
37.1



Van
5500
1985
5
0.000
12.9
10.3
12.0
11.0
861.7
733.9
808.3


351
180
14.2
0.512
0.0327
30.4



Van
5500
1986
6
0.000
15.0
12.0
13.7
12.7
738.6
665.4
722.2


286
158
14.8
0.594
0.0288
36.6



Van
5500
1987
5
0.000
14.6
11.3
13.8
12.4
775.6
624.8
719.4


346
196
13.1
0.564
0.0356
34.6



Van
5500
1988
10
0.001
14.2
11.0
13.3
12.0
802.8
654.6
743.0


347
195
13.4
0.562
0.0355
33.4



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-59
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
5000
1990
0.3%
99.7%

13.1%
86.9%




81.8%
17.5%
0.7%



Van
5000
1991

100.0%

13.6%
86.4%




82.8%
16.3%
0.8%



Van
5000
1992
15.4%
84.6%

18.6%
81.4%




90.0%
9.5%
0.5%



Van
5000
1993
18.3%
81.7%

13.6%
86.4%




94.3%
5.7%




Van
5000
1994
18.3%
81.7%

12.0%
88.0%




98.0%
2.0%




Van
5000
1995
22.7%
75.6%
0.7%
12.3%
87.0%




90.2%
9.8%




Van
5000
1996
15.2%
84.8%

6.9%
93.1%




100.0%





Van
5000
1997
16.9%
83.1%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
1998
15.3%
84.7%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
1999
11.3%
88.6%


100.0%




100.0%


0.1%


Van
5000
2000
16.7%
83.3%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
2001
12.7%
87.3%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
2002
13.3%
54.6%


100.0%




100.0%


32.1%


Van
5000
2003
15.3%
47.0%


100.0%




100.0%


37.7%


Van
5000
2004
10.0%
37.5%


100.0%




100.0%


52.5%


Van
5000
2005
10.5%
30.6%


100.0%




100.0%


58.9%


Van
5000
2006
13.0%
87.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
2007

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5000
2008

36.1%


100.0%




100.0%


63.9%


Van
5000
2009

11.5%


100.0%




100.0%


88.5%
58.9%

Van
5000
2010

6.3%


100.0%




100.0%


93.7%
57.5%

Van
5000
2011
72.8%
27.2%


100.0%




100.0%


72.8%
72.8%

Van
5000
2012
44.9%
55.1%


100.0%




100.0%


44.9%
44.9%

Van
5000
2013
13.9%
6.5%


100.0%




100.0%


93.5%
93.5%

Van
5000
2014
61.0%
35.4%


100.0%




100.0%


64.6%
64.6%

Van
5000
2015
90.0%



100.0%



10.0%
90.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
5000
2016
67.8%
18.5%


100.0%



32.2%
67.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
5000
2017
30.8%
2.0%


96.9%
3.1%


2.8%
97.2%


100.0%
100.0%
3.1%
Van
5000
2018
17.8%
3.3%


84.4%
15.6%


24.5%
75.5%


100.0%
100.0%
15.6%
Van
5500
1975















Van
5500
1976

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
5500
1977















Van
5500
1978















Van
5500
1979

100.0%
3.1%
96.9%



100.0%







Van
5500
1980

100.0%

99.2%
0.8%


100.0%







Van
5500
1981

100.0%
4.4%
95.6%



100.0%







Van
5500
1982

100.0%
2.3%
95.2%
2.5%


100.0%







Van
5500
1983

100.0%
0.6%
16.2%
83.2%


38.8%



61.2%



Van
5500
1984

100.0%
1.0%
39.6%
59.3%


67.2%



32.8%



Van
5500
1985

100.0%

55.1%
44.9%


100.0%







Van
5500
1986

100.0%
32.4%
32.6%
35.0%


67.6%



32.4%



Van
5500
1987

100.0%

49.3%
50.7%


49.3%

11.6%
39.1%




Van
5500
1988

100.0%

71.0%
29.0%


3.2%

71.4%
24.3%
1.1%



s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-60
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
5500
1989
5
0.000
14.4
11.2
13.4
12.1
788.3
639.4
732.3


343
192
13.0
0.559
0.0349
34.0



Van
5500
1990
9
0.001
14.4
10.7
14.3
12.2
826.1
616.8
731.0


347
199
11.7
0.574
0.0363
33.7



Van
5500
1991
10
0.001
15.2
11.3
14.9
12.8
784.0
594.5
694.8


334
187
12.4
0.556
0.0340
35.3



Van
5500
1992
18
0.002
15.9
11.8
15.3
13.3
746.9
578.4
667.6


323
178
12.6
0.548
0.0323
36.8



Van
5500
1993
31
0.002
16.1
12.1
15.2
13.4
734.3
580.2
661.0


321
178
11.8
0.553
0.0324
37.1



Van
5500
1994
27
0.002
16.2
12.1
15.1
13.5
730.5
583.4
659.5


316
174
12.0
0.550
0.0316
37.2



Van
5500
1995
27
0.002
16.2
12.0
15.1
13.5
736.3
580.4
660.6


314
172
12.4
0.545
0.0312
37.2



Van
5500
1996
25
0.002
15.8
11.6
14.8
13.1
764.7
597.5
680.1


314
169
13.1
0.536
0.0308
36.0



Van
5500
1997
27
0.002
17.3
12.4
16.7
14.3
712.8
529.9
619.4


288
212
11.2
0.743
0.0385
39.6


5.9%
Van
5500
1998
31
0.002
17.4
12.4
16.9
14.4
715.4
526.7
616.4


296
217
11.3
0.738
0.0395
39.7



Van
5500
1999
36
0.002
17.5
12.3
16.9
14.4
719.0
525.3
616.0


294
226
11.0
0.772
0.0410
39.7


2.8%
Van
5500
2000
17
0.001
17.2
12.2
16.3
14.1
726.8
541.3
629.5


296
221
10.7
0.753
0.0402
39.0


10.0%
Van
5500
2001
66
0.004
17.4
12.1
16.9
14.3
735.4
526.1
621.7


314
249
9.7
0.798
0.0452
39.3


1.9%
Van
5500
2002
11
0.001
17.5
12.3
16.4
14.3
719.5
538.8
623.4


298
228
10.4
0.782
0.0415
39.4


7.2%
Van
5500
2003
21
0.001
18.2
12.9
16.6
14.7
687.8
533.1
603.1


312
264
9.4
0.845
0.0479
40.6


1.4%
Van
5500
2004
6
0.000
19.1
13.3
17.5
15.4
666.7
507.4
577.0


298
251
9.8
0.842
0.0457
42.4



Van
5500
2005
5
0.000
19.3
13.3
17.8
15.5
666.8
499.7
571.7


301
260
9.6
0.859
0.0472
42.8



Van
5500
2006
7
0.000
19.2
13.2
17.6
15.4
670.7
505.5
576.6


293
250
9.9
0.847
0.0454
42.4



Van
5500
2007
2
0.000
19.2
13.2
18.0
15.6
675.6
491.9
571.2


325
295
9.0
0.908
0.0536
42.8



Van
5500
2008
5
0.000
19.3
13.6
17.3
15.5
655.1
513.7
574.7
63.5

325
301
CO
CO
0.926
0.0547
42.5



Van
5500
2009
3
0.000
17.8
12.5
15.9
14.2
710.2
558.7
623.8
63.6

325
301
8.7
0.926
0.0547
39.2



Van
5500
2010
3
0.000
18.6
12.9
16.9
14.9
689.2
524.8
595.7
63.5

323
301
CO
CO
0.932
0.0547
41.0



Van
5500
2011
3
0.000
18.3
12.8
16.9
14.8
694.1
523.5
599.4
62.9

317
290
9.0
0.914
0.0527
40.9



Van
5500
2012
4
0.000
18.1
12.7
16.7
14.7
699.0
530.2
605.5
63.1

318
297
10.4
0.931
0.0540
40.5



Van
5500
2013
4
0.000
18.5
12.9
17.0
15.0
686.1
522.5
593.2
63.7

323
308
8.7
0.953
0.0560
41.2



Van
5500
2014
3
0.000
18.5
12.9
16.9
14.9
687.1
524.5
594.6
63.7

324
309
8.7
0.955
0.0562
41.1



Van
5500
2015




















Van
5500
2016
1
0.000
20.1
13.9
18.5
16.2
639.3
479.5
548.2
57.9

226
270
9.0
1.196
0.0491
44.6



Van
5500
2017




















Van
5500
2018




















Van
6000
1975
1
0.000
11.1
9.1
9.7
9.4
962.9
903.7
948.2


317
149

0.470
0.0248
28.5



Van
6000
1976
1
0.000
11.9
9.7
10.6
10.1
911.3
827.3
879.7


325
144

0.445
0.0240
30.5



Van
6000
1977
1
0.000
13.0
10.9
11.2
11.0
814.6
784.6
804.5


318
148

0.468
0.0247
33.2



Van
6000
1978
1
0.000
12.5
10.4
10.9
10.6
854.9
808.5
838.3


324
154
16.8
0.475
0.0256
31.9



Van
6000
1979
3
0.000
10.6
8.4
10.1
9.1
1061.8
883.2
981.4


460
270
11.7
0.587
0.0450
27.2



Van
6000
1980
1
0.000
10.9
9.1
9.4
9.2
977.7
941.6
961.4


400
187
15.2
0.468
0.0312
27.7



Van
6000
1981




















Van
6000
1982
0
0.000
11.9
9.5
10.8
10.1
931.6
819.7
881.2


350
165
17.7
0.471
0.0275
30.3



Van
6000
1983
0
0.000
12.6
10.1
11.6
10.7
881.6
764.7
829.0


366
150
17.2
0.410
0.0250
32.2



Van
6000
1984
0
0.000
12.9
10.4
11.8
10.9
858.6
754.5
811.8


366
150
17.1
0.410
0.0250
32.8



Van
6000
1985
1
0.000
21.3
16.2
21.5
18.2
612.7
459.1
549.4


376
133
17.7
0.354
0.0222
55.7



Van
6000
1986
1
0.000
23.1
17.5
22.9
19.6
580.1
445.1
518.6


379
130
17.1
0.343
0.0217
58.9



Van
6000
1987
0
0.000
22.9
17.4
22.4
19.4
586.3
454.8
525.5


379
130
17.4
0.343
0.0217
58.1



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-61
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
5500
1989

100.0%

55.0%
45.0%




66.2%
33.5%
0.3%



Van
5500
1990

100.0%

4.9%
95.1%




82.5%
17.5%
0.0%



Van
5500
1991

100.0%


100.0%




89.0%
10.9%
0.0%



Van
5500
1992

100.0%

6.3%
93.7%




92.9%
7.1%




Van
5500
1993
0.6%
99.4%

22.0%
78.0%




89.5%
10.5%




Van
5500
1994

100.0%

25.9%
74.1%




90.9%
9.1%




Van
5500
1995

100.0%

29.2%
70.8%




94.9%
5.1%




Van
5500
1996

100.0%

38.5%
61.5%




100.0%





Van
5500
1997

94.1%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
1999

97.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2000

90.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2001
17.8%
80.3%


100.0%




100.0%


1.9%


Van
5500
2002

92.8%


100.0%




100.0%


7.2%


Van
5500
2003
1.9%
96.7%


100.0%




100.0%


1.4%


Van
5500
2004
24.9%
75.1%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2005
39.2%
60.8%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2006
33.6%
66.4%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2007
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2008
48.5%
51.5%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2009
55.0%
45.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
5500
2010
64.7%
35.3%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
5500
2011
50.4%
49.6%


100.0%




100.0%


14.9%
78.6%

Van
5500
2012
61.1%
38.9%


100.0%




100.0%



85.7%

Van
5500
2013
65.6%
34.4%


100.0%




100.0%



97.0%

Van
5500
2014
73.4%
26.6%


100.0%




100.0%



98.0%

Van
5500
2015















Van
5500
2016

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
5500
2017















Van
5500
2018















Van
6000
1975

100.0%
85.3%
14.7%



100.0%







Van
6000
1976

100.0%
85.7%
14.3%



100.0%







Van
6000
1977

100.0%
65.6%
34.4%



100.0%







Van
6000
1978

100.0%
64.3%
35.7%



100.0%







Van
6000
1979

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6000
1980

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6000
1981















Van
6000
1982

100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Van
6000
1983

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6000
1984

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6000
1985

100.0%
2.1%

97.9%


CO
CO



91.2%



Van
6000
1986

100.0%
2.2%

97.8%






100.0%



Van
6000
1987

100.0%
0.6%

99.4%






100.0%



s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-62
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
6000
1988
0
0.000
21.7
16.1
21.9
18.4
632.4
464.4
553.7


379
126
18.0
0.332
0.0210
55.2



Van
6000
1989
0
0.000
21.3
16.0
20.8
18.0
636.2
488.4
566.1


379
130
17.0
0.343
0.0217
54.0



Van
6000
1990
0
0.000
21.5
15.8
21.7
18.2
644.7
469.8
560.6


379
135
15.6
0.356
0.0225
54.5



Van
6000
1991
0
0.000
20.4
15.2
19.8
17.1
669.8
515.1
594.4


379
140
15.3
0.369
0.0233
51.4



Van
6000
1992
4
0.000
15.0
10.8
15.2
12.6
822.2
588.8
708.1


352
202
11.9
0.574
0.0337
38.0



Van
6000
1993
0
0.000
21.3
15.7
20.2
17.7
566.1
439.3
502.7


379
145
13.7
0.383
0.0242
53.0



Van
6000
1994
6
0.000
15.5
11.2
15.4
13.0
792.2
577.0
684.2


352
204
11.0
0.582
0.0341
39.0



Van
6000
1995
6
0.000
16.1
11.5
15.9
13.4
769.5
557.2
661.9


344
197
11.7
0.570
0.0328
40.3



Van
6000
1996
5
0.000
16.1
11.5
15.9
13.4
774.9
557.8
662.8


350
205
11.7
0.587
0.0342
40.2



Van
6000
1997
3
0.000
16.5
11.7
16.4
13.8
761.2
540.6
646.3


331
225
11.1
0.680
0.0375
41.3



Van
6000
1998
2
0.000
16.6
11.7
16.5
13.8
761.7
539.7
644.4


330
225
11.4
0.682
0.0375
41.4



Van
6000
1999
3
0.000
16.2
11.4
15.9
13.4
782.1
559.1
662.9


330
235
11.1
0.712
0.0392
40.2



Van
6000
2000
3
0.000
16.3
11.6
15.3
13.4
764.0
579.8
664.4


330
255
10.1
0.773
0.0425
40.1



Van
6000
2001
67
0.004
16.0
11.2
15.4
13.1
796.0
578.8
677.3


330
260
10.0
0.787
0.0433
39.4



Van
6000
2002
4
0.000
17.1
12.0
16.0
13.9
740.8
555.0
638.2


330
255
10.1
0.773
0.0425
41.8



Van
6000
2003
17
0.001
18.5
12.8
17.4
15.0
689.7
508.7
591.1


322
281
9.5
0.871
0.0468
45.3



Van
6000
2004
16
0.001
18.7
13.1
17.2
15.1
677.4
514.3
587.7


324
278
9.6
0.857
0.0463
45.5



Van
6000
2005
11
0.001
18.2
12.7
16.5
14.7
697.3
536.0
606.6


325
278
9.5
0.856
0.0463
44.0



Van
6000
2006
9
0.001
18.2
12.6
16.6
14.6
702.6
532.7
607.5


326
283
9.5
0.868
0.0471
44.0



Van
6000
2007
6
0.000
18.1
12.6
16.5
14.6
703.8
537.4
609.4


325
295
9.3
0.908
0.0492
43.8



Van
6000
2008
5
0.000
17.6
12.4
15.8
14.1
719.3
562.3
629.8
63.5

325
310
9.1
0.955
0.0517
42.3



Van
6000
2009
3
0.000
17.7
12.5
15.9
14.2
711.5
559.5
624.9
58.7

325
301
9.1
0.926
0.0502
42.7



Van
6000
2010
4
0.000
18.4
12.8
16.6
14.7
693.0
535.5
603.2
63.5

323
301
9.2
0.932
0.0502
44.2



Van
6000
2011
6
0.001
17.8
12.5
16.2
14.4
708.7
547.9
618.3
64.4

312
272
9.8
0.871
0.0454
43.2



Van
6000
2012
6
0.000
17.9
12.6
16.3
14.5
703.7
543.0
614.7
64.4

311
276
9.9
0.885
0.0461
43.5



Van
6000
2013
5
0.000
17.8
12.5
16.3
14.4
708.4
544.7
616.4
64.4

310
276
9.8
0.884
0.0459
43.3



Van
6000
2014
6
0.000
18.0
12.6
16.5
14.6
701.8
537.8
609.4
64.1

317
292
9.4
0.917
0.0486
43.8



Van
6000
2015
6
0.000
20.8
14.3
19.1
16.7
619.8
464.3
531.2
61.6

224
275
9.3
1.226
0.0458
50.2



Van
6000
2016
7
0.000
20.0
14.0
18.1
16.1
633.8
491.6
552.9
61.4

224
281
9.1
1.254
0.0468
48.2



Van
6000
2017
6
0.000
19.5
13.8
17.1
15.5
642.0
519.7
572.3
61.6

224
279
9.2
1.247
0.0466
46.6



Van
6000
2018

0.000
20.1
14.2
18.0
16.1
627.4
494.4
551.6
61.6

224
281
9.1
1.258
0.0469
48.3



Van
6500
1975
1
0.000
10.6
8.9
9.0
9.0
997.5
980.2
992.8


321
150

0.468
0.0231
29.2



Van
6500
1976
1
0.000
11.5
9.4
10.4
9.8
946.8
855.8
907.0


324
144

0.447
0.0222
31.9



Van
6500
1977
2
0.000
12.3
10.3
10.6
10.4
863.3
834.4
851.3


316
142

0.453
0.0219
34.0



Van
6500
1978
1
0.000
11.7
9.7
10.3
9.9
918.2
863.3
895.6


328
155
18.1
0.474
0.0239
32.3



Van
6500
1979




















Van
6500
1980




















Van
6500
1981




















Van
6500
1982




















Van
6500
1983




















Van
6500
1984




















Van
6500
1985




















Van
6500
1986




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-63
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
6000
1988

100.0%
0.9%

99.1%






100.0%



Van
6000
1989

100.0%
1.4%

98.6%






100.0%



Van
6000
1990

100.0%


100.0%






100.0%



Van
6000
1991

100.0%


100.0%






100.0%



Van
6000
1992

100.0%


100.0%




95.4%

4.6%



Van
6000
1993

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1994

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1995

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1996

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1997

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1998

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
1999

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2000

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2001
95.4%
4.6%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2002

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2003
39.1%
60.9%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2004
17.8%
82.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2005
18.6%
81.4%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2006
19.0%
81.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2007
28.6%
71.4%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2008
32.9%
67.1%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2009
37.3%
62.7%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
6000
2010
33.3%
66.7%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
6000
2011
21.7%
78.3%


100.0%




100.0%



56.5%

Van
6000
2012
15.8%
84.2%


100.0%




100.0%



55.7%

Van
6000
2013
20.3%
79.7%


100.0%




100.0%



55.1%

Van
6000
2014
28.5%
71.5%


100.0%




100.0%



75.2%

Van
6000
2015

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6000
2016
1.2%
98.8%


100.0%



13.4%
86.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6000
2017

100.0%


100.0%



11.2%
88.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6000
2018

100.0%


100.0%



15.7%
84.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6500
1975

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6500
1976

100.0%
0.2%
99.8%



100.0%







Van
6500
1977

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6500
1978

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Van
6500
1979















Van
6500
1980















Van
6500
1981















Van
6500
1982















Van
6500
1983















Van
6500
1984















Van
6500
1985















Van
6500
1986















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-64
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
6500
1987




















Van
6500
1988




















Van
6500
1989




















Van
6500
1990




















Van
6500
1991




















Van
6500
1992




















Van
6500
1993




















Van
6500
1994




















Van
6500
1995




















Van
6500
1996




















Van
6500
1997




















Van
6500
1998




















Van
6500
1999




















Van
6500
2000




















Van
6500
2001




















Van
6500
2002




















Van
6500
2003




















Van
6500
2004




















Van
6500
2005




















Van
6500
2006




















Van
6500
2007




















Van
6500
2008




















Van
6500
2009




















Van
6500
2010




















Van
6500
2011
1
0.000
14.4
10.3
13.1
11.7
836.0
628.4
757.2
65.3

333
271
10.2
0.813
0.0417
40.2



Van
6500
2012
1
0.000
15.7
11.0
14.6
12.8
804.7
592.0
694.1
64.5

321
270
11.2
0.846
0.0416
42.2



Van
6500
2013
1
0.000
14.5
10.6
12.8
11.7
838.1
674.2
758.8
64.7

325
267
10.2
0.826
0.0411
38.6



Van
6500
2014
1
0.000
15.5
11.0
14.1
12.6
798.3
608.3
705.9
64.9

328
265
10.4
0.810
0.0407
41.8



Van
6500
2015
2
0.000
16.5
11.2
16.5
13.7
796.1
538.3
649.3
63.8

309
290
9.2
0.941
0.0445
44.5



Van
6500
2016
1
0.000
16.0
10.8
16.0
13.2
823.4
556.1
671.0
63.7

366
324
8.5
0.885
0.0498
43.0



Van
6500
2017
1
0.000
15.5
10.3
15.6
12.8
861.6
568.8
694.7
63.7

366
324
8.5
0.885
0.0498
41.6



Van
6500
2018




















Van
7000
1975




















Van
7000
1976




















Van
7000
1977




















Van
7000
1978




















Van
7000
1979




















Van
7000
1980




















Van
7000
1981




















Van
7000
1982




















Van
7000
1983




















Van
7000
1984




















Van
7000
1985




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-65
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
6500
1987















Van
6500
1988















Van
6500
1989















Van
6500
1990















Van
6500
1991















Van
6500
1992















Van
6500
1993















Van
6500
1994















Van
6500
1995















Van
6500
1996















Van
6500
1997















Van
6500
1998















Van
6500
1999















Van
6500
2000















Van
6500
2001















Van
6500
2002















Van
6500
2003















Van
6500
2004















Van
6500
2005















Van
6500
2006















Van
6500
2007















Van
6500
2008















Van
6500
2009















Van
6500
2010















Van
6500
2011

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



29.6%

Van
6500
2012

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



43.4%

Van
6500
2013

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



32.6%

Van
6500
2014

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



23.3%

Van
6500
2015

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
6500
2016

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
6500
2017

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
6500
2018















Van
7000
1975















Van
7000
1976















Van
7000
1977















Van
7000
1978















Van
7000
1979















Van
7000
1980















Van
7000
1981















Van
7000
1982















Van
7000
1983















Van
7000
1984















Van
7000
1985















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-66
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
7000
1986




















Van
7000
1987




















Van
7000
1988




















Van
7000
1989




















Van
7000
1990




















Van
7000
1991




















Van
7000
1992




















Van
7000
1993




















Van
7000
1994




















Van
7000
1995




















Van
7000
1996




















Van
7000
1997




















Van
7000
1998




















Van
7000
1999




















Van
7000
2000




















Van
7000
2001




















Van
7000
2002




















Van
7000
2003




















Van
7000
2004




















Van
7000
2005




















Van
7000
2006




















Van
7000
2007




















Van
7000
2008




















Van
7000
2009




















Van
7000
2010




















Van
7000
2011
1
0.000
15.4
10.5
15.2
12.7
847.2
584.3
698.0
70.6

368
322
8.9
0.876
0.0460
44.6



Van
7000
2012
1
0.000
15.0
10.2
15.1
12.5
870.7
589.1
711.1
71.7

367
322
8.9
0.878
0.0460
43.8



Van
7000
2013
1
0.000
15.1
10.2
15.2
12.6
866.9
585.2
707.1
72.3

362
320
9.0
0.885
0.0457
44.0



Van
7000
2014
1
0.000
15.2
10.4
15.1
12.6
855.8
588.2
703.9
69.6

364
321
8.9
0.884
0.0459
44.2



Van
7000
2015
1
0.000
15.4
10.5
15.5
12.8
849.4
575.0
693.2
68.3

346
312
9.1
0.904
0.0446
44.9



Van
7000
2016
0
0.000
17.4
11.6
17.1
14.2
758.6
514.2
625.8
60.5

297
314
9.3
1.112
0.0448
50.2



Van
7000
2017
0
0.000
15.3
10.3
15.0
12.5
861.6
593.2
708.6
70.5

366
324
8.9
0.885
0.0463
43.9



Van
7000
2018




















Van
8000
1975




















Van
8000
1976




















Van
8000
1977




















Van
8000
1978




















Van
8000
1979




















Van
8000
1980




















Van
8000
1981




















Van
8000
1982




















Van
8000
1983




















Van
8000
1984




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-67
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
7000
1986















Van
7000
1987















Van
7000
1988















Van
7000
1989















Van
7000
1990















Van
7000
1991















Van
7000
1992















Van
7000
1993















Van
7000
1994















Van
7000
1995















Van
7000
1996















Van
7000
1997















Van
7000
1998















Van
7000
1999















Van
7000
2000















Van
7000
2001















Van
7000
2002















Van
7000
2003















Van
7000
2004















Van
7000
2005















Van
7000
2006















Van
7000
2007















Van
7000
2008















Van
7000
2009















Van
7000
2010















Van
7000
2011

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



95.3%

Van
7000
2012

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



94.8%

Van
7000
2013

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



96.2%

Van
7000
2014

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



96.8%

Van
7000
2015

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
7000
2016
49.6%
50.4%


100.0%




100.0%


49.6%
100.0%

Van
7000
2017

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
7000
2018















Van
8000
1975















Van
8000
1976















Van
8000
1977















Van
8000
1978















Van
8000
1979















Van
8000
1980















Van
8000
1981















Van
8000
1982















Van
8000
1983















Van
8000
1984















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-68
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Van
8000
1985




















Van
8000
1986




















Van
8000
1987




















Van
8000
1988




















Van
8000
1989




















Van
8000
1990




















Van
8000
1991




















Van
8000
1992




















Van
8000
1993




















Van
8000
1994




















Van
8000
1995




















Van
8000
1996




















Van
8000
1997




















Van
8000
1998




















Van
8000
1999




















Van
8000
2000




















Van
8000
2001




















Van
8000
2002




















Van
8000
2003




















Van
8000
2004




















Van
8000
2005




















Van
8000
2006




















Van
8000
2007




















Van
8000
2008




















Van
8000
2009




















Van
8000
2010




















Van
8000
2011




















Van
8000
2012
0
0.000
14.5
9.9
14.4
12.1
895.5
615.3
735.8
66.6

366
324
9.6
0.885
0.0405
48.3



Van
8000
2013




















Van
8000
2014




















Van
8000
2015




















Van
8000
2016




















Van
8000
2017




















Van
8000
2018




















Truck SUV
2000
1975




















Truck SUV
2000
1976




















Truck SUV
2000
1977




















Truck SUV
2000
1978




















Truck SUV
2000
1979
1
0.000
25.7
20.9
23.0
21.8
425.6
386.2
407.9


49
41
24.0
0.837
0.0205
21.8



Truck SUV
2000
1980
3
0.000
25.2
20.3
22.9
21.4
438.9
387.5
415.8


49
41
24.5
0.837
0.0205
21.4



Truck SUV
2000
1981
1
0.000
25.2
20.3
22.9
21.4
438.9
387.5
415.8


49
41
24.4
0.837
0.0205
21.4



Truck SUV
2000
1982
1
0.000
25.2
21.3
21.3
21.3
416.6
417.3
417.0


59
45
24.0
0.763
0.0225
21.3



Truck SUV
2000
1983
1
0.000
25.2
21.3
21.3
21.3
416.6
417.3
417.0


59
45
22.0
0.763
0.0225
21.3



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-69
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
8000
1985















Van
8000
1986















Van
8000
1987















Van
8000
1988















Van
8000
1989















Van
8000
1990















Van
8000
1991















Van
8000
1992















Van
8000
1993















Van
8000
1994















Van
8000
1995















Van
8000
1996















Van
8000
1997















Van
8000
1998















Van
8000
1999















Van
8000
2000















Van
8000
2001















Van
8000
2002















Van
8000
2003















Van
8000
2004















Van
8000
2005















Van
8000
2006















Van
8000
2007















Van
8000
2008















Van
8000
2009















Van
8000
2010















Van
8000
2011















Van
8000
2012

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
8000
2013















Van
8000
2014















Van
8000
2015















Van
8000
2016















Van
8000
2017















Van
8000
2018















Truck SUV
2000
1975















Truck SUV
2000
1976















Truck SUV
2000
1977















Truck SUV
2000
1978















Truck SUV
2000
1979
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2000
1980
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2000
1981
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2000
1982
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2000
1983
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-70
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
2000
1984




















Truck SUV
2000
1985




















Truck SUV
2000
1986




















Truck SUV
2000
1987




















Truck SUV
2000
1988




















Truck SUV
2000
1989




















Truck SUV
2000
1990




















Truck SUV
2000
1991




















Truck SUV
2000
1992




















Truck SUV
2000
1993




















Truck SUV
2000
1994




















Truck SUV
2000
1995




















Truck SUV
2000
1996




















Truck SUV
2000
1997




















Truck SUV
2000
1998




















Truck SUV
2000
1999




















Truck SUV
2000
2000




















Truck SUV
2000
2001




















Truck SUV
2000
2002




















Truck SUV
2000
2003




















Truck SUV
2000
2004




















Truck SUV
2000
2005




















Truck SUV
2000
2006




















Truck SUV
2000
2007




















Truck SUV
2000
2008




















Truck SUV
2000
2009




















Truck SUV
2000
2010




















Truck SUV
2000
2011




















Truck SUV
2000
2012




















Truck SUV
2000
2013




















Truck SUV
2000
2014




















Truck SUV
2000
2015




















Truck SUV
2000
2016




















Truck SUV
2000
2017




















Truck SUV
2000
2018




















Truck SUV
2250
1975




















Truck SUV
2250
1976




















Truck SUV
2250
1977




















Truck SUV
2250
1978




















Truck SUV
2250
1979




















Truck SUV
2250
1980




















Truck SUV
2250
1981




















Truck SUV
2250
1982
2
0.000
24.8
20.9
21.1
21.0
425.6
420.4
423.3


59
45
25.6
0.763
0.0200
23.6



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-71
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
2000
1984















Truck SUV
2000
1985















Truck SUV
2000
1986















Truck SUV
2000
1987















Truck SUV
2000
1988















Truck SUV
2000
1989















Truck SUV
2000
1990















Truck SUV
2000
1991















Truck SUV
2000
1992















Truck SUV
2000
1993















Truck SUV
2000
1994















Truck SUV
2000
1995















Truck SUV
2000
1996















Truck SUV
2000
1997















Truck SUV
2000
1998















Truck SUV
2000
1999















Truck SUV
2000
2000















Truck SUV
2000
2001















Truck SUV
2000
2002















Truck SUV
2000
2003















Truck SUV
2000
2004















Truck SUV
2000
2005















Truck SUV
2000
2006















Truck SUV
2000
2007















Truck SUV
2000
2008















Truck SUV
2000
2009















Truck SUV
2000
2010















Truck SUV
2000
2011















Truck SUV
2000
2012















Truck SUV
2000
2013















Truck SUV
2000
2014















Truck SUV
2000
2015















Truck SUV
2000
2016















Truck SUV
2000
2017















Truck SUV
2000
2018















Truck SUV
2250
1975















Truck SUV
2250
1976















Truck SUV
2250
1977















Truck SUV
2250
1978















Truck SUV
2250
1979















Truck SUV
2250
1980















Truck SUV
2250
1981















Truck SUV
2250
1982
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-72
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
2250
1983
3
0.000
24.8
20.9
21.1
21.0
425.6
420.4
423.3


59
45
23.5
0.763
0.0200
23.6



Truck SUV
2250
1984
5
0.000
28.8
25.3
23.1
24.2
351.4
384.9
366.5


59
45
23.3
0.763
0.0200
27.3



Truck SUV
2250
1985
6
0.000
28.8
25.3
23.1
24.2
351.4
384.9
366.5


61
45
23.0
0.738
0.0200
27.3



Truck SUV
2250
1986
37
0.002
33.1
27.0
29.1
27.9
329.1
305.1
318.1


81
64
16.2
0.790
0.0284
31.4



Truck SUV
2250
1987
63
0.004
33.1
26.8
29.0
27.8
331.3
306.4
319.7


81
64
16.5
0.790
0.0284
31.3



Truck SUV
2250
1988
83
0.005
33.3
27.0
28.7
27.8
329.6
309.7
320.1


81
64
16.7
0.790
0.0284
31.2



Truck SUV
2250
1989
6
0.000
33.4
27.0
28.4
27.7
328.6
312.8
320.9


80
64
16.1
0.797
0.0284
31.2



Truck SUV
2250
1990




















Truck SUV
2250
1991




















Truck SUV
2250
1992




















Truck SUV
2250
1993




















Truck SUV
2250
1994




















Truck SUV
2250
1995




















Truck SUV
2250
1996




















Truck SUV
2250
1997




















Truck SUV
2250
1998




















Truck SUV
2250
1999




















Truck SUV
2250
2000




















Truck SUV
2250
2001




















Truck SUV
2250
2002




















Truck SUV
2250
2003




















Truck SUV
2250
2004




















Truck SUV
2250
2005




















Truck SUV
2250
2006




















Truck SUV
2250
2007




















Truck SUV
2250
2008




















Truck SUV
2250
2009




















Truck SUV
2250
2010




















Truck SUV
2250
2011




















Truck SUV
2250
2012




















Truck SUV
2250
2013




















Truck SUV
2250
2014




















Truck SUV
2250
2015




















Truck SUV
2250
2016




















Truck SUV
2250
2017




















Truck SUV
2250
2018




















Truck SUV
2500
1975




















Truck SUV
2500
1976




















Truck SUV
2500
1977




















Truck SUV
2500
1978




















Truck SUV
2500
1979




















Truck SUV
2500
1980




















Truck SUV
2500
1981




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-73
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
2250
1983
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1984
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1985
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1986
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1987
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1988
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1989
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2250
1990















Truck SUV
2250
1991















Truck SUV
2250
1992















Truck SUV
2250
1993















Truck SUV
2250
1994















Truck SUV
2250
1995















Truck SUV
2250
1996















Truck SUV
2250
1997















Truck SUV
2250
1998















Truck SUV
2250
1999















Truck SUV
2250
2000















Truck SUV
2250
2001















Truck SUV
2250
2002















Truck SUV
2250
2003















Truck SUV
2250
2004















Truck SUV
2250
2005















Truck SUV
2250
2006















Truck SUV
2250
2007















Truck SUV
2250
2008















Truck SUV
2250
2009















Truck SUV
2250
2010















Truck SUV
2250
2011















Truck SUV
2250
2012















Truck SUV
2250
2013















Truck SUV
2250
2014















Truck SUV
2250
2015















Truck SUV
2250
2016















Truck SUV
2250
2017















Truck SUV
2250
2018















Truck SUV
2500
1975















Truck SUV
2500
1976















Truck SUV
2500
1977















Truck SUV
2500
1978















Truck SUV
2500
1979















Truck SUV
2500
1980















Truck SUV
2500
1981















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-74
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
2500
1982




















Truck SUV
2500
1983




















Truck SUV
2500
1984




















Truck SUV
2500
1985




















Truck SUV
2500
1986




















Truck SUV
2500
1987




















Truck SUV
2500
1988




















Truck SUV
2500
1989
40
0.003
31.3
25.3
26.8
26.0
351.0
330.4
341.8


97
80
15.2
0.825
0.0320
32.6



Truck SUV
2500
1990
32
0.003
31.8
25.4
27.4
26.3
349.5
324.3
337.3


94
77
13.9
0.827
0.0310
32.9



Truck SUV
2500
1991
3
0.000
33.5
27.0
27.9
27.5
329.1
318.1
323.4


79
66
15.8
0.835
0.0264
34.4



Truck SUV
2500
1992
2
0.000
33.5
26.8
27.8
27.3
331.7
319.2
325.2


79
66
15.5
0.835
0.0264
34.2



Truck SUV
2500
1993
0
0.000
33.5
26.6
27.7
27.2
334.1
320.5
326.9


79
66
14.5
0.835
0.0264
34.0



Truck SUV
2500
1994
3
0.000
33.5
26.4
27.6
27.0
336.5
321.9
328.7


79
66
14.4
0.835
0.0264
33.8



Truck SUV
2500
1995
1
0.000
30.5
23.4
26.1
24.7
377.4
339.5
359.4


90
84
12.6
0.926
0.0337
31.0



Truck SUV
2500
1996




















Truck SUV
2500
1997




















Truck SUV
2500
1998




















Truck SUV
2500
1999




















Truck SUV
2500
2000




















Truck SUV
2500
2001




















Truck SUV
2500
2002




















Truck SUV
2500
2003




















Truck SUV
2500
2004




















Truck SUV
2500
2005




















Truck SUV
2500
2006




















Truck SUV
2500
2007




















Truck SUV
2500
2008




















Truck SUV
2500
2009




















Truck SUV
2500
2010




















Truck SUV
2500
2011




















Truck SUV
2500
2012




















Truck SUV
2500
2013




















Truck SUV
2500
2014




















Truck SUV
2500
2015




















Truck SUV
2500
2016




















Truck SUV
2500
2017




















Truck SUV
2500
2018




















Truck SUV
2750
1975
47
0.005
16.8
13.5
15.5
14.3
655.8
571.6
620.5


276
120

0.429
0.0435
19.8



Truck SUV
2750
1976
41
0.003
17.8
14.7
15.5
15.1
600.9
572.2
590.2


268
102

0.379
0.0371
20.8



Truck SUV
2750
1977
44
0.003
18.6
15.2
16.6
15.8
584.0
534.0
562.3


271
104

0.381
0.0377
21.8



Truck SUV
2750
1978
58
0.004
18.1
14.8
16.2
15.4
599.0
549.2
577.4


270
103
12.5
0.379
0.0373
21.2



Truck SUV
2750
1979




















Truck SUV
2750
1980




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-75
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
2500
1982















Truck SUV
2500
1983















Truck SUV
2500
1984















Truck SUV
2500
1985















Truck SUV
2500
1986















Truck SUV
2500
1987















Truck SUV
2500
1988















Truck SUV
2500
1989
100.0%

56.2%

43.8%





100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1990
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1991
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1992
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1993
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1994
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
2500
1995
100.0%

100.0%






63.1%
36.9%




Truck SUV
2500
1996















Truck SUV
2500
1997















Truck SUV
2500
1998















Truck SUV
2500
1999















Truck SUV
2500
2000















Truck SUV
2500
2001















Truck SUV
2500
2002















Truck SUV
2500
2003















Truck SUV
2500
2004















Truck SUV
2500
2005















Truck SUV
2500
2006















Truck SUV
2500
2007















Truck SUV
2500
2008















Truck SUV
2500
2009















Truck SUV
2500
2010















Truck SUV
2500
2011















Truck SUV
2500
2012















Truck SUV
2500
2013















Truck SUV
2500
2014















Truck SUV
2500
2015















Truck SUV
2500
2016















Truck SUV
2500
2017















Truck SUV
2500
2018















Truck SUV
2750
1975
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2750
1976
100.0%

89.1%
10.9%



100.0%







Truck SUV
2750
1977
100.0%

92.5%
7.5%



100.0%







Truck SUV
2750
1978
100.0%

89.7%
10.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
2750
1979















Truck SUV
2750
1980















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-76
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
2750
1981




















Truck SUV
2750
1982




















Truck SUV
2750
1983




















Truck SUV
2750
1984




















Truck SUV
2750
1985




















Truck SUV
2750
1986
0
0.000
25.6
20.0
24.2
21.7
445.3
367.8
409.9


96
86
15.0
0.896
0.0313
29.8



Truck SUV
2750
1987




















Truck SUV
2750
1988




















Truck SUV
2750
1989
0
0.000
29.3
23.9
24.9
24.4
372.3
357.3
364.9


97
80
17.0
0.825
0.0291
33.5



Truck SUV
2750
1990
14
0.001
28.7
23.2
24.4
23.8
383.8
363.9
374.0


97
80
16.0
0.825
0.0291
32.7



Truck SUV
2750
1991
28
0.002
28.9
23.0
24.8
23.9
385.9
357.4
372.5


97
80
15.2
0.825
0.0291
32.9



Truck SUV
2750
1992
23
0.002
28.9
22.9
24.7
23.8
388.4
358.7
374.2


97
80
14.8
0.825
0.0291
32.7



Truck SUV
2750
1993
22
0.002
29.0
22.7
24.6
23.7
390.6
359.9
375.7


97
80
13.9
0.825
0.0291
32.6



Truck SUV
2750
1994
38
0.003
28.7
22.3
24.3
23.3
397.5
364.2
381.1


97
82
13.7
0.847
0.0299
32.1



Truck SUV
2750
1995
38
0.002
28.4
21.8
24.3
23.0
406.9
366.0
385.9


97
95
12.8
0.979
0.0345
31.7



Truck SUV
2750
1996
26
0.002
28.4
21.6
24.2
22.9
410.8
365.9
387.9


97
95
13.2
0.979
0.0345
31.5



Truck SUV
2750
1997
10
0.001
28.3
21.5
23.9
22.7
412.4
370.6
390.7


97
95
13.2
0.979
0.0345
31.3



Truck SUV
2750
1998
9
0.001
28.4
21.5
23.9
22.7
413.2
371.8
391.2


97
95
13.6
0.979
0.0345
31.2



Truck SUV
2750
1999




















Truck SUV
2750
2000




















Truck SUV
2750
2001




















Truck SUV
2750
2002




















Truck SUV
2750
2003




















Truck SUV
2750
2004




















Truck SUV
2750
2005




















Truck SUV
2750
2006




















Truck SUV
2750
2007




















Truck SUV
2750
2008




















Truck SUV
2750
2009




















Truck SUV
2750
2010




















Truck SUV
2750
2011




















Truck SUV
2750
2012




















Truck SUV
2750
2013




















Truck SUV
2750
2014




















Truck SUV
2750
2015




















Truck SUV
2750
2016




















Truck SUV
2750
2017




















Truck SUV
2750
2018




















Truck SUV
3000
1975




















Truck SUV
3000
1976
10
0.001
15.4
12.3
14.2
13.1
718.5
622.2
679.5


304
120

0.395
0.0400
19.7



Truck SUV
3000
1977
13
0.001
16.8
13.7
15.1
14.3
647.1
586.4
622.3


304
120

0.395
0.0400
21.5



Truck SUV
3000
1978
20
0.001
16.8
13.5
15.3
14.2
656.2
580.9
623.9


304
120
11.8
0.395
0.0400
21.4



Truck SUV
3000
1979
52
0.004
17.2
14.3
14.9
14.6
619.2
594.3
609.6


258
120
13.1
0.465
0.0400
21.9



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-77
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
2750
1981















Truck SUV
2750
1982















Truck SUV
2750
1983















Truck SUV
2750
1984















Truck SUV
2750
1985















Truck SUV
2750
1986
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
2750
1987















Truck SUV
2750
1988















Truck SUV
2750
1989
100.0%



100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
2750
1990
100.0%



100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
2750
1991
100.0%

56.7%

43.3%





100.0%




Truck SUV
2750
1992
100.0%

56.8%

43.2%





100.0%




Truck SUV
2750
1993
100.0%

57.6%

42.4%




15.9%
84.1%




Truck SUV
2750
1994
100.0%

50.6%

49.4%




14.3%
85.7%

14.3%


Truck SUV
2750
1995
100.0%

47.4%

52.6%




100.0%





Truck SUV
2750
1996
100.0%

49.6%

50.4%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
2750
1997
100.0%

48.4%

51.6%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
2750
1998
100.0%

46.0%

54.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
2750
1999















Truck SUV
2750
2000















Truck SUV
2750
2001















Truck SUV
2750
2002















Truck SUV
2750
2003















Truck SUV
2750
2004















Truck SUV
2750
2005















Truck SUV
2750
2006















Truck SUV
2750
2007















Truck SUV
2750
2008















Truck SUV
2750
2009















Truck SUV
2750
2010















Truck SUV
2750
2011















Truck SUV
2750
2012















Truck SUV
2750
2013















Truck SUV
2750
2014















Truck SUV
2750
2015















Truck SUV
2750
2016















Truck SUV
2750
2017















Truck SUV
2750
2018















Truck SUV
3000
1975















Truck SUV
3000
1976
100.0%

54.6%
45.4%



100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1977
100.0%

70.2%
29.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1978
100.0%

70.0%
30.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1979
100.0%

88.6%
11.4%



100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-78
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
3000
1980
43
0.004
19.7
16.0
17.6
16.7
546.5
500.3
532.0


222
92
15.6
0.440
0.0307
25.3



Truck SUV
3000
1981
38
0.004
20.9
16.8
19.0
17.7
520.7
463.2
500.9


223
101
14.8
0.469
0.0338
26.9



Truck SUV
3000
1982
25
0.003
20.2
15.9
19.0
17.2
552.3
465.8
517.1


241
104
15.2
0.440
0.0347
25.9



Truck SUV
3000
1983
37
0.004
20.5
16.3
19.0
17.4
544.2
466.1
510.4


251
110
13.3
0.444
0.0367
26.2



Truck SUV
3000
1984
69
0.005
22.6
18.3
20.6
19.2
484.4
429.8
462.0


203
102
14.4
0.526
0.0340
29.0



Truck SUV
3000
1985
15
0.001
24.5
19.2
23.2
20.8
461.5
381.4
426.4


150
94
15.3
0.624
0.0312
31.3



Truck SUV
3000
1986
3
0.000
22.8
18.5
20.1
19.2
478.2
440.6
462.1


150
105
13.2
0.703
0.0351
28.9



Truck SUV
3000
1987
11
0.001
22.4
17.9
20.1
18.9
496.4
442.6
471.4


150
117
12.2
0.780
0.0390
28.3



Truck SUV
3000
1988
7
0.000
22.3
17.8
19.9
18.7
499.4
446.5
474.4


150
117
12.4
0.780
0.0390
28.1



Truck SUV
3000
1989
20
0.001
22.1
17.4
19.9
18.5
509.8
447.4
480.4


150
117
11.9
0.780
0.0390
27.8



Truck SUV
3000
1990
28
0.002
23.3
18.4
20.5
19.4
475.9
430.7
458.1


136
111
11.8
0.831
0.0369
29.3



Truck SUV
3000
1991
11
0.001
27.1
21.8
22.9
22.3
407.8
387.0
397.8


97
85
15.1
0.877
0.0284
33.5



Truck SUV
3000
1992
29
0.002
23.7
18.5
20.7
19.5
476.4
424.1
455.1


139
123
10.9
0.891
0.0408
29.6



Truck SUV
3000
1993
39
0.003
24.0
18.7
20.8
19.7
469.6
420.2
450.1


133
119
10.7
0.902
0.0397
30.0



Truck SUV
3000
1994
51
0.004
23.5
18.3
20.2
19.2
481.1
432.7
462.2


135
115
11.0
0.860
0.0385
29.2



Truck SUV
3000
1995
105
0.007
23.3
18.0
19.9
18.9
490.5
441.0
469.0


140
118
11.0
0.843
0.0395
28.7



Truck SUV
3000
1996
53
0.004
28.0
20.8
24.9
22.8
426.4
356.3
390.2


111
111
12.4
0.998
0.0371
34.2



Truck SUV
3000
1997
16
0.001
27.8
20.6
24.5
22.5
432.1
361.9
395.3


98
97
13.7
0.988
0.0324
33.7



Truck SUV
3000
1998
19
0.001
27.4
20.3
23.9
22.1
438.0
371.7
402.9


105
108
13.1
1.024
0.0360
33.1



Truck SUV
3000
1999
17
0.001
28.3
21.1
24.0
22.6
420.1
370.2
394.0


120
121
11.6
1.007
0.0403
33.9



Truck SUV
3000
2000
11
0.001
28.0
20.7
23.7
22.2
429.8
373.9
399.8


118
124
11.0
1.044
0.0412
33.4



Truck SUV
3000
2001
8
0.001
27.7
20.4
23.2
21.9
435.5
382.3
406.2


122
127
10.8
1.041
0.0423
32.8



Truck SUV
3000
2002
7
0.000
27.8
20.2
23.5
21.9
440.3
378.1
405.9


118
125
10.9
1.056
0.0415
32.8



Truck SUV
3000
2003
6
0.000
27.8
20.0
23.5
21.8
443.3
378.6
407.1


122
127
10.8
1.041
0.0423
32.7



Truck SUV
3000
2004
1
0.000
23.7
16.8
20.6
18.8
530.1
430.4
473.8


165
165
8.3
1.000
0.0550
28.1



Truck SUV
3000
2005
0
0.000
23.5
16.5
20.6
18.6
538.2
432.1
477.8


152
165
8.3
1.086
0.0550
27.9



Truck SUV
3000
2006




















Truck SUV
3000
2007




















Truck SUV
3000
2008




















Truck SUV
3000
2009




















Truck SUV
3000
2010




















Truck SUV
3000
2011




















Truck SUV
3000
2012




















Truck SUV
3000
2013




















Truck SUV
3000
2014




















Truck SUV
3000
2015




















Truck SUV
3000
2016




















Truck SUV
3000
2017




















Truck SUV
3000
2018

0.001
40.6
27.4
33.5
30.6
324.0
265.6
290.7
43.8

122
147
9.4
1.204
0.0490
45.9


100.0%
Truck SUV
3500
1975




















Truck SUV
3500
1976




















Truck SUV
3500
1977




















Truck SUV
3500
1978




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-79
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
3000
1980
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1981
100.0%

90.6%
0.7%
8.7%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1982
100.0%

88.6%

11.4%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1983
100.0%

90.1%

9.9%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1984
100.0%

76.3%

23.7%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1985
100.0%

71.6%

28.4%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3000
1986
100.0%

100.0%




96.5%


3.5%




Truck SUV
3000
1987
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
3000
1988
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
3000
1989
100.0%

100.0%







100.0%




Truck SUV
3000
1990
100.0%

100.0%






26.9%
73.1%




Truck SUV
3000
1991
100.0%

70.4%

29.6%




36.1%
63.9%




Truck SUV
3000
1992
100.0%

97.8%

2.2%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3000
1993
100.0%

85.6%

14.4%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3000
1994
100.0%

77.1%

22.9%




84.2%
15.8%

12.8%


Truck SUV
3000
1995
100.0%

79.7%

20.3%




81.4%
18.6%




Truck SUV
3000
1996
100.0%

34.6%

65.4%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
3000
1997
100.0%

27.3%

72.7%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
3000
1998
100.0%

32.6%

67.4%




100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
3000
1999
100.0%

64.5%

35.5%




100.0%


17.6%


Truck SUV
3000
2000
100.0%

59.3%

40.7%




100.0%


0.0%


Truck SUV
3000
2001
100.0%

33.0%

67.0%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3000
2002
100.0%

60.1%

39.9%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3000
2003
100.0%

42.6%

57.4%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3000
2004

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
3000
2005

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
3000
2006















Truck SUV
3000
2007















Truck SUV
3000
2008















Truck SUV
3000
2009















Truck SUV
3000
2010















Truck SUV
3000
2011















Truck SUV
3000
2012















Truck SUV
3000
2013















Truck SUV
3000
2014















Truck SUV
3000
2015















Truck SUV
3000
2016















Truck SUV
3000
2017















Truck SUV
3000
2018




100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
1975















Truck SUV
3500
1976















Truck SUV
3500
1977















Truck SUV
3500
1978















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-80
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
3500
1979
38
0.003
15.6
13.0
13.4
13.2
679.4
661.5
672.6


304
122
14.0
0.402
0.0349
23.2



Truck SUV
3500
1980
12
0.001
16.3
13.1
14.8
13.8
672.3
598.1
643.0


285
115
15.3
0.401
0.0329
24.3



Truck SUV
3500
1981
2
0.000
17.2
13.3
16.8
14.7
666.1
528.5
604.6


304
130
13.4
0.428
0.0371
25.7



Truck SUV
3500
1982




















Truck SUV
3500
1983
13
0.001
23.4
18.0
22.9
19.9
491.8
386.6
445.5


166
107
15.0
0.649
0.0307
35.0



Truck SUV
3500
1984
173
0.012
21.3
16.9
19.8
18.1
523.7
445.0
490.2


167
102
16.4
0.615
0.0292
31.8



Truck SUV
3500
1985
237
0.016
21.8
17.1
20.7
18.6
516.4
426.0
479.3


165
103
15.7
0.629
0.0294
32.7



Truck SUV
3500
1986
316
0.021
21.8
17.1
20.4
18.5
516.3
431.2
480.4


171
119
13.6
0.705
0.0341
32.5



Truck SUV
3500
1987
336
0.023
22.2
17.2
21.1
18.8
514.7
418.6
472.6


195
135
12.7
0.705
0.0385
33.0



Truck SUV
3500
1988
305
0.020
20.9
15.9
20.2
17.7
555.1
438.6
502.9


213
149
12.0
0.709
0.0427
31.1



Truck SUV
3500
1989
189
0.013
20.3
15.4
19.3
17.0
575.5
459.1
521.2


242
162
11.0
0.676
0.0464
29.9



Truck SUV
3500
1990
159
0.013
20.5
15.3
19.8
17.2
579.0
446.6
516.3


241
164
10.3
0.683
0.0468
30.2



Truck SUV
3500
1991
138
0.011
19.8
14.9
18.8
16.6
592.5
471.8
536.2


227
172
9.9
0.763
0.0490
29.1



Truck SUV
3500
1992
119
0.010
19.4
14.4
18.6
16.2
613.3
473.8
547.1


242
190
9.2
0.785
0.0542
28.5



Truck SUV
3500
1993
108
0.008
19.6
14.6
18.7
16.4
608.3
474.5
543.3


240
189
8.5
0.787
0.0539
28.7



Truck SUV
3500
1994
106
0.007
19.4
14.4
18.3
16.1
617.0
484.2
550.9


240
189
8.4
0.786
0.0540
28.3



Truck SUV
3500
1995
119
0.008
19.8
14.5
18.7
16.4
610.6
472.7
543.1


231
182
9.0
0.796
0.0521
28.8



Truck SUV
3500
1996
147
0.011
19.9
14.5
18.9
16.5
612.5
469.0
539.8


235
186
9.3
0.799
0.0533
28.9



Truck SUV
3500
1997
297
0.021
22.7
16.8
20.2
18.4
520.7
434.5
481.8


174
148
10.9
0.880
0.0424
32.7



Truck SUV
3500
1998
293
0.020
24.0
17.6
21.3
19.4
495.0
409.6
457.8


159
147
11.4
0.957
0.0420
34.6



Truck SUV
3500
1999
258
0.017
25.7
18.8
22.5
20.6
468.0
391.8
430.7


136
144
11.6
1.076
0.0412
36.4



Truck SUV
3500
2000
333
0.020
24.0
17.4
21.2
19.3
500.7
413.4
461.4


158
153
10.7
1.013
0.0438
34.3



Truck SUV
3500
2001
437
0.028
24.8
17.7
22.1
19.9
495.8
398.6
447.3


153
164
10.1
1.089
0.0468
35.1



Truck SUV
3500
2002
398
0.025
25.9
18.3
23.2
20.7
480.7
380.1
429.1


152
167
10.2
1.098
0.0476
36.6



Truck SUV
3500
2003
415
0.026
26.0
18.2
23.3
20.7
484.8
379.6
428.6


153
167
10.0
1.092
0.0476
36.5


5.3%
Truck SUV
3500
2004
351
0.022
26.3
18.2
23.4
20.8
484.4
378.3
426.8


155
170
9.9
1.104
0.0487
36.6


4.7%
Truck SUV
3500
2005
281
0.018
26.9
18.6
23.5
21.1
472.5
373.1
420.4


152
164
9.9
1.088
0.0467
37.4


6.4%
Truck SUV
3500
2006
202
0.013
28.0
19.4
24.6
22.0
458.3
360.9
403.5


145
161
10.1
1.107
0.0460
38.6


8.3%
Truck SUV
3500
2007
144
0.009
28.8
20.2
24.4
22.4
438.8
362.5
396.4


147
170
9.6
1.152
0.0484
39.3


30.3%
Truck SUV
3500
2008
161
0.012
29.8
20.9
25.2
23.1
424.8
351.5
384.0
42.7

143
166
9.8
1.162
0.0474
40.6


37.0%
Truck SUV
3500
2009
160
0.017
29.2
20.3
25.2
22.8
437.5
351.0
389.4
43.3

147
171
9.6
1.163
0.0487
40.0


19.9%
Truck SUV
3500
2010
225
0.020
29.4
20.4
25.5
23.0
434.8
348.4
386.2
43.4

149
172
9.6
1.151
0.0490
40.3


16.3%
Truck SUV
3500
2011
262
0.022
30.7
21.1
26.4
23.9
419.9
336.0
372.6
43.8

146
171
9.5
1.168
0.0487
41.8


17.7%
Truck SUV
3500
2012
299
0.022
30.8
21.1
26.8
24.0
421.1
330.0
370.1
43.9

149
175
9.4
1.178
0.0500
42.1



Truck SUV
3500
2013
349
0.023
32.6
22.2
28.2
25.3
398.3
313.3
351.7
44.1

141
170
9.6
1.212
0.0485
44.4



Truck SUV
3500
2014
567
0.037
33.6
22.8
29.1
26.0
388.2
303.7
342.0
43.9

142
170
9.5
1.209
0.0486
45.7


1.7%
Truck SUV
3500
2015
616
0.037
34.4
23.2
29.5
26.4
380.0
299.0
336.3
43.7

140
167
9.5
1.215
0.0478
46.6


1.1%
Truck SUV
3500
2016
624
0.038
34.4
23.2
29.7
26.5
380.1
297.6
335.6
43.4

138
170
9.4
1.253
0.0486
46.7


3.3%
Truck SUV
3500
2017
677
0.040
36.0
24.4
31.4
27.9
360.5
281.9
318.0
44.0

129
171
9.2
1.396
0.0489
49.2


2.7%
Truck SUV
3500
2018

0.046
36.2
24.4
31.0
27.7
361.9
286.3
320.4
44.2

125
174
9.1
1.458
0.0496
48.7


4.4%
Truck SUV
4000
1975
16
0.002
13.2
10.6
12.2
11.2
840.3
726.0
790.9


350
144

0.412
0.0360
22.5



Truck SUV
4000
1976
24
0.002
13.8
11.0
12.7
11.7
805.4
694.5
758.4


353
145

0.408
0.0362
23.5



Truck SUV
4000
1977
30
0.002
14.7
11.7
13.6
12.5
753.8
652.3
710.5


359
148

0.409
0.0369
25.1



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-81
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
3500
1979
100.0%

78.6%
21.4%



100.0%







Truck SUV
3500
1980
100.0%

44.2%
55.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
3500
1981
100.0%

76.8%

23.2%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3500
1982















Truck SUV
3500
1983
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
3500
1984
100.0%

36.3%
44.1%
19.6%


100.0%







Truck SUV
3500
1985
100.0%

52.2%
0.6%
47.3%


88.5%

8.1%
2.8%
0.5%



Truck SUV
3500
1986
100.0%

55.6%
1.3%
43.1%


54.4%

34.8%
10.7%
0.1%



Truck SUV
3500
1987
100.0%

55.1%
7.2%
37.7%


29.7%

63.6%
6.7%
0.0%



Truck SUV
3500
1988
100.0%

37.4%
5.1%
57.5%


16.2%

83.2%
0.6%




Truck SUV
3500
1989
100.0%

26.8%
5.5%
67.7%


20.5%

78.9%
0.7%




Truck SUV
3500
1990
100.0%

24.4%
4.6%
71.1%


16.7%

82.7%
0.6%




Truck SUV
3500
1991
100.0%

37.2%
5.0%
57.8%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3500
1992
100.0%

25.0%
5.2%
69.8%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3500
1993
100.0%

35.3%
7.3%
57.3%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3500
1994
100.0%

35.7%

64.3%




100.0%





Truck SUV
3500
1995
100.0%

30.2%

69.8%




100.0%


4.4%


Truck SUV
3500
1996
100.0%

12.8%

87.2%




100.0%


4.6%


Truck SUV
3500
1997
95.7%
4.3%
47.0%

53.0%




100.0%


46.1%


Truck SUV
3500
1998
94.4%
5.6%
39.4%

60.6%




100.0%


65.1%


Truck SUV
3500
1999
100.0%
0.0%
26.3%

73.7%




100.0%


83.2%


Truck SUV
3500
2000
100.0%
0.0%
15.9%

84.1%




100.0%


60.4%


Truck SUV
3500
2001
98.6%
1.4%
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%


84.1%
10.6%

Truck SUV
3500
2002
98.6%
1.4%
10.0%

89.5%
0.4%



100.0%


90.7%
38.5%

Truck SUV
3500
2003
94.0%
0.7%
7.8%

88.5%
3.7%



100.0%


94.0%
41.1%

Truck SUV
3500
2004
94.1%
1.2%
8.8%

89.5%
1.6%



100.0%


100.0%
52.5%

Truck SUV
3500
2005
92.0%
1.6%
16.1%

83.2%
0.6%



100.0%


92.4%
62.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2006
91.7%

10.1%

89.9%




100.0%


100.0%
65.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2007
69.4%
0.4%
10.1%

33.0%
56.9%



100.0%


100.0%
69.5%

Truck SUV
3500
2008
62.9%
0.1%
7.4%

33.6%
59.0%



100.0%


100.0%
67.2%

Truck SUV
3500
2009
77.9%
2.2%
7.8%

55.1%
37.1%


0.1%
99.9%


100.0%
45.3%

Truck SUV
3500
2010
81.8%
1.9%
8.0%

53.5%
38.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2011
81.2%
1.1%
5.6%

43.5%
50.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2012
100.0%

3.2%

66.9%
29.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2013
100.0%

3.6%

58.5%
37.9%


7.2%
92.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2014
98.3%

2.9%

50.3%
46.7%


5.9%
94.1%


100.0%
100.0%
1.6%
Truck SUV
3500
2015
98.9%

2.6%

33.5%
63.8%


15.6%
84.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%
Truck SUV
3500
2016
96.7%

2.6%

43.1%
54.4%


33.9%
66.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%
Truck SUV
3500
2017
97.3%

2.1%

31.5%
66.4%


25.5%
74.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
3500
2018
95.6%

4.5%
1.0%
39.5%
55.0%


50.9%
49.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
4000
1975
100.0%

27.7%
72.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1976
100.0%

28.1%
71.9%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1977
100.0%

26.2%
73.8%



100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-82
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
4000
1978
40
0.003
14.5
11.6
13.4
12.3
765.0
661.2
719.6


361
145
13.0
0.400
0.0361
24.7



Truck SUV
4000
1979
7
0.000
15.7
12.6
14.3
13.3
703.0
616.6
668.0


222
95
18.4
0.422
0.0237
26.7



Truck SUV
4000
1980
7
0.001
15.9
12.9
14.3
13.5
681.0
616.8
657.9


248
99
18.0
0.400
0.0249
27.2



Truck SUV
4000
1981
7
0.001
16.9
13.4
15.7
14.4
660.5
562.1
619.2


258
112
16.8
0.434
0.0280
28.8



Truck SUV
4000
1982
8
0.001
19.4
15.3
18.2
16.5
572.5
479.6
538.9


258
110
18.0
0.428
0.0276
33.5



Truck SUV
4000
1983
68
0.007
21.9
16.7
21.8
18.7
531.3
406.7
475.8


175
110
16.6
0.631
0.0275
37.4



Truck SUV
4000
1984
116
0.008
22.1
16.7
22.7
18.9
532.4
392.2
469.4


173
110
16.6
0.636
0.0275
37.9



Truck SUV
4000
1985
173
0.012
22.0
16.6
22.6
18.8
535.0
393.1
471.7


173
110
16.4
0.636
0.0275
37.7



Truck SUV
4000
1986
154
0.010
21.1
16.2
20.6
17.9
540.8
431.1
496.9


165
121
14.6
0.738
0.0304
36.4



Truck SUV
4000
1987
184
0.012
20.4
15.5
20.0
17.3
571.8
441.5
514.1


172
127
14.5
0.737
0.0317
34.7



Truck SUV
4000
1988
259
0.017
20.8
15.9
19.8
17.6
555.4
444.1
506.2


190
135
13.9
0.723
0.0337
35.3



Truck SUV
4000
1989
348
0.024
21.2
16.2
20.0
17.8
546.6
442.1
499.4


213
146
12.6
0.703
0.0366
35.8



Truck SUV
4000
1990
196
0.016
20.5
15.7
19.2
17.2
564.8
460.3
516.6


197
141
12.1
0.735
0.0353
34.5



Truck SUV
4000
1991
335
0.027
20.8
15.6
19.8
17.4
567.1
446.0
510.0


231
153
11.6
0.676
0.0383
35.0



Truck SUV
4000
1992
226
0.019
20.2
14.9
19.5
16.9
594.1
453.7
526.2


234
165
10.9
0.711
0.0412
33.8



Truck SUV
4000
1993
204
0.015
21.3
15.6
20.5
17.7
568.3
432.0
501.2


246
190
9.3
0.776
0.0474
35.5



Truck SUV
4000
1994
344
0.024
18.9
13.9
17.9
15.7
635.2
495.2
566.8


249
189
9.3
0.774
0.0472
31.5



Truck SUV
4000
1995
414
0.027
19.0
13.9
17.9
15.7
635.9
494.7
565.3


242
187
9.7
0.789
0.0467
31.5



Truck SUV
4000
1996
359
0.027
19.3
14.0
18.2
15.9
630.0
487.4
558.9


254
193
9.8
0.772
0.0483
31.9



Truck SUV
4000
1997
433
0.030
19.9
14.5
18.5
16.3
611.5
478.9
544.5


240
189
9.9
0.803
0.0474
32.8



Truck SUV
4000
1998
499
0.034
20.2
14.5
19.0
16.6
609.2
466.3
535.4


236
190
10.2
0.818
0.0474
33.3



Truck SUV
4000
1999
599
0.039
20.8
15.0
19.2
17.0
589.9
461.5
523.1


222
194
10.0
0.887
0.0486
34.1



Truck SUV
4000
2000
451
0.027
20.9
15.0
19.0
16.9
588.6
466.4
524.6


223
192
9.7
0.874
0.0479
34.0



Truck SUV
4000
2001
475
0.030
21.3
15.1
19.4
17.2
583.8
454.5
516.7


214
197
9.4
0.945
0.0493
34.6


7.4%
Truck SUV
4000
2002
523
0.032
21.6
15.3
19.5
17.4
575.4
451.3
511.4


203
197
9.6
0.991
0.0493
35.1


11.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2003
573
0.036
22.8
16.0
20.5
18.3
548.8
429.1
486.4


199
199
9.4
1.021
0.0499
36.9


12.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2004
764
0.049
22.3
15.3
20.7
18.0
574.4
426.8
494.7


218
204
9.2
0.952
0.0509
36.2


CO
CO
Truck SUV
4000
2005
586
0.037
23.2
16.0
21.0
18.5
546.9
420.1
479.8


195
202
9.3
1.044
0.0504
37.4


12.0%
Truck SUV
4000
2006
557
0.037
23.5
16.2
21.1
18.7
535.7
413.4
475.8


194
198
9.5
1.034
0.0494
38.1


9.8%
Truck SUV
4000
2007
700
0.046
25.5
17.5
22.9
20.2
501.3
383.7
439.4


177
199
9.6
1.144
0.0497
40.9


7.6%
Truck SUV
4000
2008
638
0.046
26.4
18.2
23.4
20.9
480.7
375.9
425.8
44.3

171
192
9.8
1.139
0.0481
42.2


2.7%
Truck SUV
4000
2009
415
0.045
27.5
18.9
24.6
21.8
466.0
358.9
408.5
44.6

166
197
9.4
1.201
0.0493
43.8


6.0%
Truck SUV
4000
2010
628
0.057
28.3
19.3
25.3
22.3
454.8
347.7
398.2
44.8

169
201
9.3
1.202
0.0503
45.1


7.0%
Truck SUV
4000
2011
782
0.065
28.8
19.7
25.4
22.6
446.3
347.0
393.4
45.1

166
195
9.5
1.192
0.0488
45.6


4.9%
Truck SUV
4000
2012
568
0.042
29.1
19.8
25.6
22.7
443.7
344.3
390.8
44.7

167
207
9.2
1.242
0.0518
45.9


6.1%
Truck SUV
4000
2013
841
0.055
31.0
20.9
27.3
24.1
421.5
323.1
368.1
45.7

150
199
9.3
1.355
0.0497
48.6


6.8%
Truck SUV
4000
2014
966
0.062
31.4
21.2
27.8
24.5
415.4
317.7
362.4
45.9

152
202
9.1
1.360
0.0505
49.4


6.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2015
1333
0.080
32.7
22.0
28.6
25.3
398.5
307.9
350.7
45.9

153
199
9.2
1.321
0.0497
51.2


4.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2016
1448
0.089
33.2
22.4
28.8
25.6
390.9
306.5
346.5
46.0

152
198
9.1
1.325
0.0494
51.8


6.2%
Truck SUV
4000
2017
1554
0.091
32.6
22.1
28.7
25.4
395.9
306.4
349.7
46.2

149
197
9.1
1.364
0.0493
51.4


7.2%
Truck SUV
4000
2018

0.095
33.3
22.5
28.5
25.6
389.8
310.0
347.9
45.9

143
198
8.9
1.448
0.0496
51.6


8.0%
Truck SUV
4500
1975
41
0.004
13.5
10.7
12.6
11.5
827.9
698.8
775.8


351
157

0.446
0.0348
26.0



Truck SUV
4500
1976
47
0.004
13.9
11.0
13.0
11.8
804.4
675.4
753.3


349
150

0.430
0.0333
26.8



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-83
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
4000
1978
100.0%

29.2%
70.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1979
100.0%

97.5%
2.5%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1980
100.0%

69.7%
30.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1981
100.0%

33.7%

66.3%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1982
100.0%

33.8%

66.2%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1983
100.0%

28.9%

71.1%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1984
100.0%

22.9%

77.1%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1985
100.0%

17.9%

82.1%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4000
1986
100.0%

31.9%

68.1%


0.0%

23.4%
73.4%
3.2%



Truck SUV
4000
1987
100.0%

19.9%

80.1%




5.4%
94.6%
0.0%



Truck SUV
4000
1988
100.0%

32.8%

67.2%




33.2%
66.8%




Truck SUV
4000
1989
99.0%
1.0%
30.4%
2.6%
66.9%




43.8%
56.2%




Truck SUV
4000
1990
98.7%
1.3%
42.2%

57.8%




64.5%
35.5%




Truck SUV
4000
1991
98.3%
1.7%
21.5%

78.5%




31.9%
68.1%




Truck SUV
4000
1992
95.7%
4.3%
22.5%

77.5%




55.0%
45.0%




Truck SUV
4000
1993
94.5%
5.5%
16.9%

83.1%




98.3%
1.7%




Truck SUV
4000
1994
100.0%

15.0%

85.0%




99.3%
0.7%

23.2%


Truck SUV
4000
1995
92.6%
7.4%
15.1%

84.9%




100.0%


21.5%


Truck SUV
4000
1996
95.8%
4.2%
5.9%

94.1%




100.0%


12.1%


Truck SUV
4000
1997
86.9%
13.1%
7.6%

92.4%




100.0%


34.4%


Truck SUV
4000
1998
89.3%
10.7%
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


32.6%


Truck SUV
4000
1999
85.8%
14.2%
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


36.2%
11.5%

Truck SUV
4000
2000
82.6%
17.4%
10.9%

89.1%




100.0%


37.0%
13.0%

Truck SUV
4000
2001
77.3%
15.3%
6.5%

93.5%




100.0%


49.6%
33.3%

Truck SUV
4000
2002
68.4%
20.1%
7.6%

92.4%




100.0%


59.6%
32.6%

Truck SUV
4000
2003
80.6%
6.9%
7.0%

87.6%
5.4%



100.0%


65.8%
47.6%

Truck SUV
4000
2004
76.1%
15.2%
6.7%

88.6%
4.7%



100.0%


42.0%
29.7%

Truck SUV
4000
2005
88.0%

3.4%

88.6%
8.0%



100.0%


69.7%
32.7%
1.1%
Truck SUV
4000
2006
90.2%

7.3%

87.4%
5.3%



100.0%


63.5%
40.2%
2.3%
Truck SUV
4000
2007
86.4%
6.1%
3.5%

91.6%
4.8%



100.0%


78.4%
65.0%
1.0%
Truck SUV
4000
2008
89.5%
7.8%
3.3%

88.7%
8.0%


2.1%
97.9%


85.3%
63.1%
2.3%
Truck SUV
4000
2009
91.5%
2.5%
0.3%

85.4%
14.3%


5.8%
94.2%


92.2%
75.9%
1.9%
Truck SUV
4000
2010
90.4%
2.7%
2.3%
2.7%
79.4%
15.6%


3.8%
96.2%


91.1%
90.2%
1.0%
Truck SUV
4000
2011
91.2%
3.9%
1.6%

76.2%
22.2%


3.9%
96.1%


91.5%
91.0%
0.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2012
93.9%

3.6%

71.2%
25.2%


3.9%
96.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%
Truck SUV
4000
2013
93.2%

1.8%

78.6%
19.6%


35.4%
64.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
4000
2014
93.5%

1.0%

79.3%
19.7%


37.6%
62.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
4000
2015
95.5%

1.0%

62.1%
36.9%


42.1%
57.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
4000
2016
93.8%

0.6%

58.1%
41.3%


46.3%
53.7%


100.0%
100.0%
2.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2017
92.8%

0.4%

64.7%
34.8%


41.3%
58.7%


100.0%
100.0%
3.5%
Truck SUV
4000
2018
92.0%

0.3%

70.7%
29.0%


46.7%
52.2%

1.1%
100.0%
98.3%
4.8%
Truck SUV
4500
1975
56.9%
43.1%
12.0%
88.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1976
57.7%
42.3%
12.5%
87.5%



100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-84
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
4500
1977
101
0.007
15.4
12.3
14.2
13.1
715.0
623.8
678.2


345
150

0.436
0.0334
29.6



Truck SUV
4500
1978
119
0.008
14.7
11.7
13.6
12.5
756.0
649.1
711.9


343
157
13.3
0.459
0.0350
28.2



Truck SUV
4500
1979
56
0.004
12.9
10.4
11.7
10.9
852.5
752.3
813.6


334
140
15.2
0.420
0.0311
24.8



Truck SUV
4500
1980
50
0.004
14.5
11.7
13.1
12.3
748.6
675.5
727.2


313
139
15.6
0.446
0.0308
28.4



Truck SUV
4500
1981
42
0.004
15.8
12.5
14.7
13.4
703.0
598.7
662.0


317
137
15.5
0.435
0.0304
30.5



Truck SUV
4500
1982
50
0.005
15.7
12.4
14.6
13.3
707.4
602.6
667.5


316
139
16.4
0.443
0.0309
30.3



Truck SUV
4500
1983
55
0.005
15.7
12.5
14.6
13.3
702.7
601.2
666.2


317
135
15.4
0.430
0.0301
30.4



Truck SUV
4500
1984
61
0.004
14.8
11.8
13.7
12.6
741.7
641.2
706.6


320
134
15.2
0.420
0.0298
28.7



Truck SUV
4500
1985
60
0.004
15.0
12.0
13.9
12.8
727.3
632.5
695.5


321
145
14.3
0.456
0.0323
29.2



Truck SUV
4500
1986
46
0.003
15.6
12.3
14.6
13.2
708.9
600.1
671.4


325
142
13.9
0.438
0.0315
30.3



Truck SUV
4500
1987
32
0.002
14.6
11.4
13.7
12.4
769.9
639.6
716.8


326
144
14.0
0.450
0.0320
28.2



Truck SUV
4500
1988
34
0.002
15.0
11.8
13.8
12.7
742.5
637.9
701.3


312
148
14.0
0.494
0.0328
28.8



Truck SUV
4500
1989
31
0.002
14.9
11.6
13.8
12.5
763.9
639.4
710.3


311
151
13.3
0.505
0.0335
28.4



Truck SUV
4500
1990
58
0.005
17.5
13.4
16.5
14.7
656.9
529.9
603.6


221
153
12.5
0.740
0.0341
33.6



Truck SUV
4500
1991
262
0.021
19.8
14.7
19.1
16.6
601.9
462.8
536.1


227
167
11.8
0.742
0.0371
37.4



Truck SUV
4500
1992
260
0.021
19.4
14.6
18.4
16.2
608.9
481.1
547.7


221
167
11.5
0.764
0.0372
36.6



Truck SUV
4500
1993
298
0.023
19.7
14.6
18.6
16.4
606.1
475.8
543.1


217
167
10.8
0.778
0.0372
36.9



Truck SUV
4500
1994
546
0.039
19.9
14.7
19.0
16.6
604.8
464.2
536.5


229
177
10.4
0.776
0.0393
37.4



Truck SUV
4500
1995
645
0.043
19.9
14.5
18.9
16.5
608.7
464.0
538.5


233
174
10.8
0.754
0.0386
37.4



Truck SUV
4500
1996
736
0.056
20.2
14.5
19.5
16.7
609.5
454.8
531.4


251
176
11.1
0.708
0.0391
37.8



Truck SUV
4500
1997
832
0.058
19.8
14.3
18.8
16.3
619.5
471.5
544.0


252
181
10.8
0.724
0.0402
36.9



Truck SUV
4500
1998
719
0.050
20.1
14.4
19.1
16.5
616.1
464.3
537.9


251
184
11.0
0.745
0.0410
37.3



Truck SUV
4500
1999
747
0.049
19.7
14.1
18.4
16.1
628.9
483.2
552.3


259
199
10.5
0.777
0.0442
36.3



Truck SUV
4500
2000
904
0.055
19.9
14.1
18.6
16.2
628.9
475.6
547.8


254
197
10.1
0.783
0.0437
36.6



Truck SUV
4500
2001
1006
0.064
20.4
14.4
19.0
16.6
614.5
465.7
536.1


237
207
9.6
0.886
0.0460
37.5


16.4%
Truck SUV
4500
2002
1525
0.095
19.9
14.0
18.6
16.2
635.1
476.0
549.0


243
225
9.2
0.931
0.0501
36.5



Truck SUV
4500
2003
968
0.061
20.7
14.4
19.3
16.8
616.6
458.0
529.8


238
229
9.0
0.968
0.0509
37.8


0.0%
Truck SUV
4500
2004
1158
0.074
21.3
14.7
19.8
17.2
603.2
447.1
517.6


234
229
9.0
0.991
0.0508
38.8


2.6%
Truck SUV
4500
2005
929
0.058
21.6
14.7
20.0
17.3
600.5
443.6
513.3


227
236
CO
CO
1.046
0.0524
39.2


0.9%
Truck SUV
4500
2006
878
0.058
22.7
15.6
20.7
18.2
551.4
427.2
489.9


222
232
8.7
1.050
0.0516
41.5


8.5%
Truck SUV
4500
2007
1041
0.068
22.5
15.5
20.5
18.0
563.9
431.8
494.0


225
241
8.7
1.076
0.0535
40.8


6.8%
Truck SUV
4500
2008
1014
0.073
23.0
15.7
21.1
18.4
560.1
420.0
483.7
47.4

222
245
8.7
1.107
0.0544
41.6


11.2%
Truck SUV
4500
2009
599
0.064
23.5
16.0
21.8
18.8
553.7
406.0
471.9
48.5

216
249
8.4
1.155
0.0553
42.6


22.0%
Truck SUV
4500
2010
700
0.063
23.9
16.3
22.0
19.1
544.1
401.3
465.0
48.1

218
251
8.4
1.157
0.0557
43.2


18.8%
Truck SUV
4500
2011
795
0.066
24.4
16.6
22.5
19.5
532.0
392.3
454.8
49.2

216
256
8.3
1.199
0.0569
44.2


22.1%
Truck SUV
4500
2012
789
0.059
24.7
16.8
22.7
19.7
526.0
388.3
450.3
49.3

213
264
8.1
1.249
0.0586
44.7


22.8%
Truck SUV
4500
2013
999
0.066
25.7
17.4
23.5
20.4
507.7
376.3
435.1
50.1

211
272
7.9
1.302
0.0605
46.2


28.3%
Truck SUV
4500
2014
948
0.061
26.0
17.6
23.8
20.7
502.1
371.1
430.4
50.2

211
274
7.8
1.308
0.0608
46.8


23.7%
Truck SUV
4500
2015
1203
0.072
26.3
17.7
24.0
20.8
498.3
368.2
427.3
50.0

207
273
7.8
1.341
0.0606
47.2


24.9%
Truck SUV
4500
2016
1243
0.076
26.7
18.0
24.3
21.1
491.2
362.0
420.8
50.0

201
275
7.6
1.407
0.0612
47.9


24.4%
Truck SUV
4500
2017
1456
0.086
27.1
18.2
24.9
21.5
485.1
353.0
413.6
50.3

200
284
7.4
1.458
0.0632
48.8


31.0%
Truck SUV
4500
2018

0.090
28.1
18.9
25.2
22.0
465.3
350.8
403.9
50.8

188
281
7.4
1.564
0.0624
49.9


31.0%
Truck SUV
5000
1975
67
0.007
11.1
9.4
9.4
9.4
939.3
942.4
942.7


347
157

0.453
0.0315
23.6



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-85
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
4500
1977
74.2%
25.8%
13.7%
86.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1978
81.5%
18.5%
13.3%
86.7%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1979
84.3%
15.7%
11.2%
88.8%



98.7%



1.3%



Truck SUV
4500
1980
92.3%
7.7%
25.0%
62.2%
12.8%


91.4%



8.6%



Truck SUV
4500
1981
94.4%
5.6%
31.1%
27.6%
41.3%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1982
89.6%
10.4%
28.2%
40.1%
31.6%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1983
98.0%
2.0%
22.8%
37.6%
39.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1984
93.0%
7.0%
29.0%
69.1%
1.9%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1985
72.2%
27.8%
23.2%
76.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4500
1986
80.7%
19.3%
14.0%
53.6%
32.4%


77.5%

22.5%





Truck SUV
4500
1987
70.4%
29.6%
16.4%
60.9%
22.7%


93.0%

7.0%





Truck SUV
4500
1988
76.8%
23.2%
1.6%
53.3%
45.1%


47.1%

31.5%
21.5%




Truck SUV
4500
1989
74.0%
26.0%
1.9%
50.8%
47.3%


39.8%

34.2%
26.0%




Truck SUV
4500
1990
91.6%
8.4%
2.2%
20.1%
77.7%


11.8%

79.9%
8.4%




Truck SUV
4500
1991
99.3%
0.7%
14.6%
2.1%
83.3%


1.4%

97.9%
0.7%




Truck SUV
4500
1992
99.7%
0.3%
15.3%

84.7%




100.0%





Truck SUV
4500
1993
99.7%
0.3%
13.1%

86.9%




100.0%





Truck SUV
4500
1994
100.0%

8.1%

91.9%




100.0%


11.9%


Truck SUV
4500
1995
90.4%
9.6%
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


21.5%


Truck SUV
4500
1996
74.7%
25.3%
3.2%

96.8%




100.0%


9.4%


Truck SUV
4500
1997
79.0%
21.0%
2.5%

97.5%




100.0%


7.5%


Truck SUV
4500
1998
89.8%
10.2%
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


9.8%


Truck SUV
4500
1999
91.2%
8.8%
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


9.9%


Truck SUV
4500
2000
91.6%
8.4%
1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


12.6%


Truck SUV
4500
2001
71.8%
11.8%
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


28.8%
15.1%

Truck SUV
4500
2002
73.4%
26.6%
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


35.9%
25.7%

Truck SUV
4500
2003
68.6%
31.4%
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


50.6%
39.0%

Truck SUV
4500
2004
74.9%
22.4%
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


58.7%
48.4%

Truck SUV
4500
2005
70.7%
28.4%
0.8%

99.2%




99.1%

0.9%
70.0%
61.9%

Truck SUV
4500
2006
63.6%
27.9%
0.9%

86.6%
12.5%



99.2%

0.8%
81.3%
72.7%
9.1%
Truck SUV
4500
2007
76.3%
16.9%
2.7%

90.0%
7.4%



100.0%

0.0%
78.3%
63.3%
3.8%
Truck SUV
4500
2008
77.8%
11.0%
1.9%

95.5%
2.6%



100.0%

0.0%
75.7%
61.6%
2.6%
Truck SUV
4500
2009
75.0%
3.1%
1.0%

91.1%
7.9%


1.3%
98.7%


82.4%
66.8%
0.0%
Truck SUV
4500
2010
76.9%
4.3%
1.4%

94.1%
4.5%


2.7%
97.3%


79.7%
71.3%

Truck SUV
4500
2011
75.0%
2.8%
1.2%

95.0%
3.8%


3.9%
96.1%


84.8%
82.9%

Truck SUV
4500
2012
71.7%
5.5%
1.9%

94.3%
3.8%


5.7%
94.3%


90.0%
90.0%

Truck SUV
4500
2013
68.3%
3.4%
1.2%

84.6%
14.2%


7.5%
92.3%

0.2%
100.0%
99.8%
0.1%
Truck SUV
4500
2014
69.1%
7.2%
1.9%

81.7%
16.4%


13.6%
85.3%

1.2%
94.8%
98.8%
0.1%
Truck SUV
4500
2015
68.2%
6.8%
1.6%
1.2%
86.6%
10.7%


14.8%
84.3%

1.0%
100.0%
99.0%
0.2%
Truck SUV
4500
2016
72.5%
3.0%
1.4%
0.9%
92.3%
5.3%


42.2%
57.5%

0.3%
100.0%
99.7%
0.2%
Truck SUV
4500
2017
67.9%
1.2%
0.9%
1.9%
88.0%
9.1%


60.4%
39.4%

0.2%
100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
Truck SUV
4500
2018
67.3%
1.6%
1.5%
1.2%
91.1%
6.3%


68.1%
31.4%

0.4%
100.0%
96.2%
4.3%
Truck SUV
5000
1975
98.7%
1.3%
19.5%
80.5%



100.0%







s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-86
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
5000
1976
101
0.008
12.8
10.5
11.5
10.9
847.1
770.4
815.8


357
151

0.421
0.0301
27.3



Truck SUV
5000
1977
66
0.005
13.6
11.2
12.0
11.5
791.0
734.8
771.5


351
160

0.457
0.0320
29.0



Truck SUV
5000
1978
114
0.008
13.0
10.5
11.7
11.0
844.9
757.8
808.1


370
168
13.7
0.454
0.0336
27.6



Truck SUV
5000
1979
173
0.012
11.4
9.5
9.9
9.6
935.3
898.7
921.3


351
152
15.3
0.433
0.0303
24.2



Truck SUV
5000
1980
60
0.005
14.0
11.2
12.9
11.9
789.1
683.0
745.2


343
159
15.0
0.463
0.0317
30.0



Truck SUV
5000
1981
43
0.004
15.3
12.2
14.1
13.0
719.9
619.6
684.4


328
154
15.4
0.473
0.0309
32.9



Truck SUV
5000
1982
37
0.004
15.1
12.0
14.1
12.9
730.2
610.1
690.7


330
156
16.1
0.476
0.0311
32.8



Truck SUV
5000
1983
54
0.005
15.7
12.3
15.0
13.4
711.4
578.5
663.5


328
157
14.6
0.482
0.0315
34.1



Truck SUV
5000
1984
121
0.009
15.3
12.0
14.6
13.0
727.4
596.2
681.6


330
164
14.2
0.497
0.0327
33.2



Truck SUV
5000
1985
133
0.009
15.7
12.3
15.0
13.4
715.4
581.4
663.9


330
169
13.7
0.510
0.0337
33.9



Truck SUV
5000
1986
135
0.009
16.4
12.7
15.8
14.0
695.1
556.6
637.0


324
163
13.3
0.503
0.0326
35.1



Truck SUV
5000
1987
97
0.007
15.7
12.2
14.9
13.3
721.7
585.4
667.0


326
175
13.2
0.535
0.0350
33.7



Truck SUV
5000
1988
101
0.007
16.1
12.4
15.3
13.6
714.6
574.9
653.6


330
181
13.1
0.545
0.0362
34.2



Truck SUV
5000
1989
112
0.008
15.9
12.2
15.2
13.4
724.7
576.1
661.5


328
179
12.7
0.540
0.0357
33.9



Truck SUV
5000
1990
83
0.007
16.0
11.9
15.7
13.5
740.0
562.2
657.9


332
184
11.5
0.553
0.0369
33.9



Truck SUV
5000
1991
51
0.004
15.8
11.8
15.3
13.3
747.7
579.6
668.5


312
188
11.5
0.604
0.0375
33.3



Truck SUV
5000
1992
36
0.003
15.7
11.6
15.2
13.2
760.5
580.9
675.7


292
174
12.0
0.622
0.0348
33.0



Truck SUV
5000
1993
46
0.003
16.1
11.9
15.5
13.5
742.8
568.7
659.2


313
200
10.1
0.646
0.0400
33.9



Truck SUV
5000
1994
51
0.004
16.5
12.2
15.7
13.7
727.3
564.0
647.0


310
202
9.9
0.659
0.0404
34.4



Truck SUV
5000
1995
70
0.005
17.0
12.4
16.3
14.1
714.6
544.4
629.3


322
199
10.2
0.625
0.0398
35.4



Truck SUV
5000
1996
82
0.006
17.0
12.4
16.1
14.1
713.3
548.5
630.4


318
216
10.2
0.685
0.0431
35.3



Truck SUV
5000
1997
120
0.008
18.0
13.0
17.1
14.9
681.4
516.6
598.3


308
226
9.8
0.738
0.0453
37.3



Truck SUV
5000
1998
265
0.018
17.3
12.4
16.7
14.3
717.3
529.3
620.2


317
223
10.2
0.705
0.0446
36.0



Truck SUV
5000
1999
356
0.023
17.4
12.4
16.6
14.3
710.7
533.8
619.7


307
234
9.9
0.779
0.0468
36.1



Truck SUV
5000
2000
254
0.015
17.6
12.4
16.8
14.5
711.0
525.4
613.4


295
229
9.6
0.784
0.0459
36.4



Truck SUV
5000
2001
160
0.010
17.1
12.0
16.4
14.0
738.3
540.6
632.6


282
233
9.4
0.847
0.0467
35.2



Truck SUV
5000
2002
404
0.025
18.9
13.2
17.8
15.4
670.1
497.2
576.9


255
244
9.3
0.976
0.0489
38.7



Truck SUV
5000
2003
638
0.040
19.3
13.4
18.2
15.7
663.9
486.5
565.9


259
256
8.9
1.002
0.0513
39.3



Truck SUV
5000
2004
683
0.044
19.6
13.4
18.5
15.9
659.0
479.3
559.7


263
265
8.7
1.025
0.0529
39.8



Truck SUV
5000
2005
621
0.039
19.5
13.3
18.4
15.8
665.1
481.7
562.4


260
261
8.7
1.025
0.0522
39.6



Truck SUV
5000
2006
811
0.054
20.0
13.7
18.8
16.2
649.4
471.6
549.4


252
255
9.0
1.024
0.0510
40.5


1.0%
Truck SUV
5000
2007
584
0.038
20.4
13.9
19.2
16.5
637.9
459.5
539.4


249
259
8.9
1.051
0.0517
41.5


8.0%
Truck SUV
5000
2008
685
0.049
21.4
14.5
20.1
17.2
600.3
437.9
516.0
51.0

240
260
CO
CO
1.095
0.0519
43.7


17.4%
Truck SUV
5000
2009
328
0.035
22.6
15.3
21.1
18.2
572.0
417.3
490.1
52.7

227
272
8.2
1.211
0.0545
45.9


33.9%
Truck SUV
5000
2010
444
0.040
23.2
15.8
21.5
18.6
548.9
409.0
478.4
51.7

228
268
8.4
1.185
0.0535
47.2


25.8%
Truck SUV
5000
2011
667
0.056
24.0
16.2
22.3
19.2
544.5
397.1
462.8
52.9

222
294
7.9
1.329
0.0588
48.3


24.3%
Truck SUV
5000
2012
693
0.052
24.3
16.4
22.6
19.5
538.3
392.1
457.1
53.1

220
288
8.0
1.312
0.0576
48.8


24.1%
Truck SUV
5000
2013
620
0.041
24.7
16.7
22.9
19.7
527.2
388.2
451.0
52.7

216
289
7.9
1.344
0.0578
49.6


18.5%
Truck SUV
5000
2014
790
0.051
25.1
16.9
23.4
20.1
523.9
379.4
443.1
52.9

218
290
7.8
1.339
0.0581
50.4


22.5%
Truck SUV
5000
2015
894
0.053
25.2
17.0
23.5
20.2
520.5
378.6
441.6
52.8

217
293
7.7
1.355
0.0586
50.6


17.6%
Truck SUV
5000
2016
842
0.052
24.7
16.7
22.8
19.7
526.2
387.6
451.2
52.6

213
294
7.8
1.411
0.0589
49.6


16.2%
Truck SUV
5000
2017
1100
0.065
25.5
17.2
23.5
20.3
507.6
375.3
437.7
52.4

211
297
7.6
1.426
0.0593
51.3


12.6%
Truck SUV
5000
2018

0.056
26.5
18.0
23.6
20.8
484.8
372.9
427.4
51.7

213
292
7.7
1.402
0.0584
52.5


1.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-87
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
5000
1976
97.9%
2.1%
18.9%
81.1%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1977
96.4%
3.6%
21.0%
79.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1978
97.3%
2.7%
19.7%
80.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1979
68.1%
31.9%
14.7%
84.4%
0.9%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1980
78.4%
21.6%
18.9%
25.8%
55.3%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1981
75.3%
24.7%
7.8%
29.5%
62.7%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1982
79.2%
20.8%
8.9%
39.6%
51.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1983
72.6%
27.4%
5.7%
25.9%
66.6%

1.7%
100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1984
76.2%
23.8%
6.5%
38.0%
55.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5000
1985
73.0%
27.0%
4.6%
30.8%
64.6%


93.3%

6.7%





Truck SUV
5000
1986
72.8%
27.2%
4.9%
18.3%
76.8%


78.9%

21.1%





Truck SUV
5000
1987
97.3%
2.7%
7.1%
30.9%
62.0%


24.5%

32.4%
43.2%




Truck SUV
5000
1988
99.1%
0.9%
6.3%
34.3%
59.4%


2.1%

54.9%
42.9%




Truck SUV
5000
1989
99.4%
0.6%
6.6%
30.4%
63.0%




59.4%
40.6%




Truck SUV
5000
1990
100.0%

4.8%
8.8%
86.4%




63.3%
36.7%




Truck SUV
5000
1991
100.0%

3.1%
5.3%
91.6%




70.6%
29.4%




Truck SUV
5000
1992
99.9%
0.1%
4.7%
1.2%
94.1%




97.4%
2.6%




Truck SUV
5000
1993
100.0%

4.4%

95.6%




98.6%
1.4%




Truck SUV
5000
1994
100.0%

3.4%

96.6%




98.5%
1.5%

31.5%


Truck SUV
5000
1995
75.9%
24.1%
2.3%

97.7%




75.2%
24.8%

12.7%


Truck SUV
5000
1996
72.0%
28.0%
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


22.5%


Truck SUV
5000
1997
26.2%
73.8%


100.0%




100.0%


20.6%


Truck SUV
5000
1998
58.8%
41.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Truck SUV
5000
1999
54.4%
45.6%


100.0%




100.0%


14.6%


Truck SUV
5000
2000
68.0%
32.0%


100.0%




100.0%


2.2%
2.2%

Truck SUV
5000
2001
97.1%
2.9%
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


20.3%
20.3%

Truck SUV
5000
2002
88.4%
11.6%
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


62.5%
45.2%

Truck SUV
5000
2003
86.9%
13.1%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


71.5%
56.1%

Truck SUV
5000
2004
79.3%
20.7%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


73.5%
58.7%

Truck SUV
5000
2005
82.4%
17.6%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


70.1%
61.6%

Truck SUV
5000
2006
83.6%
15.4%
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


64.5%
62.9%

Truck SUV
5000
2007
81.1%
10.8%
0.3%

99.7%




98.9%

1.1%
58.0%
56.5%

Truck SUV
5000
2008
71.0%
11.6%
0.1%

96.3%
3.5%


0.5%
98.4%

1.1%
69.0%
65.2%
3.5%
Truck SUV
5000
2009
60.2%
5.9%
0.1%

96.7%
3.2%


23.5%
75.5%

1.0%
84.8%
85.5%
3.2%
Truck SUV
5000
2010
64.9%
9.3%
0.0%

94.2%
5.8%


40.6%
58.8%

0.6%
80.0%
81.5%
5.8%
Truck SUV
5000
2011
63.5%
12.2%
0.0%

98.4%
1.6%


45.2%
53.9%

0.9%
99.0%
99.5%
1.6%
Truck SUV
5000
2012
71.6%
4.3%
0.0%

98.3%
1.7%


54.3%
44.9%

0.8%
99.2%
99.2%
1.7%
Truck SUV
5000
2013
75.7%
5.9%
0.0%

96.9%
3.1%


41.0%
57.6%

1.5%
99.4%
94.1%
3.1%
Truck SUV
5000
2014
71.0%
6.5%
0.0%

98.6%
1.4%


41.5%
56.8%

1.7%
69.1%
93.5%
1.4%
Truck SUV
5000
2015
77.0%
5.5%


97.1%
2.9%


44.4%
54.0%

1.6%
100.0%
96.7%
1.6%
Truck SUV
5000
2016
76.2%
7.5%


97.8%
2.2%


53.3%
46.4%

0.2%
100.0%
99.8%
1.5%
Truck SUV
5000
2017
78.9%
8.5%


96.8%
3.2%


42.5%
57.3%

0.2%
100.0%
98.7%
2.4%
Truck SUV
5000
2018
88.8%
9.8%


96.2%
3.8%


33.4%
66.0%

0.5%
100.0%
97.5%
3.7%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-88
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
5500
1975
6
0.001
10.5
8.5
9.6
8.9
1047.9
918.4
993.4


429
210

0.488
0.0381
24.7



Truck SUV
5500
1976
7
0.001
11.2
9.1
10.2
9.6
971.7
869.4
930.6


412
197

0.475
0.0359
26.4



Truck SUV
5500
1977
10
0.001
11.7
9.4
10.7
10.0
934.9
824.4
890.9


419
193

0.459
0.0351
27.6



Truck SUV
5500
1978
12
0.001
11.8
9.6
10.6
10.1
920.1
833.4
884.0


410
188
13.5
0.461
0.0343
27.7



Truck SUV
5500
1979
59
0.004
10.6
8.9
9.1
9.0
993.5
970.6
991.4


405
176
14.3
0.432
0.0320
24.9



Truck SUV
5500
1980
6
0.000
13.8
11.0
12.9
11.7
811.1
689.2
756.5


350
165
15.6
0.471
0.0300
32.3



Truck SUV
5500
1981
4
0.000
14.1
11.4
12.9
12.0
781.9
690.5
741.0


350
175
15.0
0.500
0.0318
33.0



Truck SUV
5500
1982
24
0.002
21.2
16.5
20.4
18.0
599.5
485.0
553.0


350
134
18.3
0.382
0.0243
50.5



Truck SUV
5500
1983
20
0.002
20.2
15.6
19.8
17.3
616.1
484.9
564.9


372
139
16.5
0.375
0.0252
48.9



Truck SUV
5500
1984
21
0.001
17.9
13.9
17.4
15.3
664.2
533.5
615.5


364
148
15.8
0.408
0.0269
43.6



Truck SUV
5500
1985
18
0.001
16.1
12.3
16.0
13.7
732.2
563.3
659.5


355
159
14.9
0.450
0.0289
38.3



Truck SUV
5500
1986
19
0.001
15.7
11.9
15.6
13.4
749.1
573.2
670.7


353
162
14.1
0.459
0.0294
37.1



Truck SUV
5500
1987
52
0.004
16.8
12.8
16.4
14.3
694.1
542.1
624.2


350
209
12.0
0.596
0.0379
39.3



Truck SUV
5500
1988
66
0.004
16.5
12.5
16.1
14.0
708.8
549.6
635.9


350
200
12.5
0.572
0.0364
38.6



Truck SUV
5500
1989
41
0.003
17.5
12.9
17.8
14.9
689.0
500.0
599.4


350
209
11.6
0.596
0.0380
40.9



Truck SUV
5500
1990
41
0.003
17.3
12.7
17.6
14.7
699.7
506.7
607.0


350
209
10.9
0.597
0.0380
40.3



Truck SUV
5500
1991
25
0.002
17.2
12.6
17.2
14.5
704.8
518.9
614.4


350
209
11.0
0.597
0.0380
39.9



Truck SUV
5500
1992
45
0.004
16.3
12.1
15.8
13.7
736.6
561.8
650.9


350
210
10.8
0.600
0.0382
37.6



Truck SUV
5500
1993
71
0.005
16.8
12.4
16.3
14.1
718.2
545.7
632.1


350
210
10.1
0.600
0.0382
38.7



Truck SUV
5500
1994
92
0.007
16.8
12.4
16.1
14.0
718.8
552.1
635.0


351
210
10.1
0.598
0.0381
38.5



Truck SUV
5500
1995
143
0.009
16.9
12.4
16.0
14.0
715.9
555.6
634.1


350
205
10.5
0.586
0.0373
38.5



Truck SUV
5500
1996
141
0.011
17.4
12.7
16.6
14.4
701.8
534.1
615.2


350
250
9.7
0.714
0.0455
39.7



Truck SUV
5500
1997
307
0.021
17.4
12.5
16.7
14.4
712.6
529.7
617.9


334
238
10.1
0.713
0.0432
39.6



Truck SUV
5500
1998
273
0.019
17.0
12.1
16.3
14.0
731.5
543.7
632.6


327
234
10.5
0.720
0.0426
38.7



Truck SUV
5500
1999
199
0.013
17.5
12.3
17.0
14.4
721.3
523.1
615.7


333
252
9.8
0.759
0.0459
39.7



Truck SUV
5500
2000
303
0.018
18.2
13.0
17.1
14.9
681.7
519.4
596.1


306
253
9.4
0.841
0.0460
41.1



Truck SUV
5500
2001
402
0.026
18.5
13.3
16.7
15.0
666.8
530.1
593.2


306
260
9.2
0.857
0.0472
41.3



Truck SUV
5500
2002
278
0.017
18.4
12.9
17.3
15.0
690.1
514.2
593.7


310
267
9.1
0.862
0.0486
41.2



Truck SUV
5500
2003
317
0.020
18.3
12.8
16.9
14.8
694.4
523.3
600.0


297
258
9.3
0.867
0.0469
40.8



Truck SUV
5500
2004
483
0.031
18.4
12.8
17.0
14.9
693.5
520.9
597.8


302
280
CO
CO
0.933
0.0509
41.0



Truck SUV
5500
2005
365
0.023
18.6
12.8
17.2
15.0
691.7
515.6
593.6


296
287
8.6
0.978
0.0522
41.3



Truck SUV
5500
2006
231
0.015
18.7
12.9
17.4
15.1
688.0
510.6
588.2


303
289
8.6
0.959
0.0526
41.6



Truck SUV
5500
2007
165
0.011
19.0
13.1
17.5
15.3
675.5
506.8
580.7


291
305
8.3
1.058
0.0554
42.2



Truck SUV
5500
2008
92
0.007
19.4
13.3
18.3
15.7
667.1
484.4
565.3
51.7

283
327
8.0
1.175
0.0595
43.4



Truck SUV
5500
2009
69
0.007
21.1
14.3
20.0
17.1
622.4
444.3
524.1
53.3

266
310
8.1
1.189
0.0563
47.3



Truck SUV
5500
2010
70
0.006
22.2
15.0
20.9
17.9
596.4
428.5
503.3
52.5

254
304
8.2
1.218
0.0552
49.6



Truck SUV
5500
2011
118
0.010
21.6
14.7
20.5
17.5
607.9
435.4
512.8
52.6

278
345
7.6
1.273
0.0627
48.7



Truck SUV
5500
2012
84
0.006
21.6
14.7
20.3
17.4
611.2
444.7
522.4
51.6

286
351
7.5
1.270
0.0639
49.1



Truck SUV
5500
2013
101
0.007
21.7
14.7
20.6
17.6
605.3
431.2
510.5
52.7

274
342
7.6
1.278
0.0621
48.9



Truck SUV
5500
2014
185
0.012
22.8
15.3
21.7
18.4
573.2
407.2
483.7
52.7

256
330
7.5
1.337
0.0599
51.3



Truck SUV
5500
2015
121
0.007
22.6
15.2
21.4
18.2
582.7
416.9
491.5
51.7

259
336
7.4
1.360
0.0610
50.7



Truck SUV
5500
2016
166
0.010
24.7
16.7
23.0
19.8
510.7
380.5
454.8
52.6

258
344
7.2
1.415
0.0626
56.9



Truck SUV
5500
2017
117
0.007
23.8
16.0
21.9
18.9
518.1
391.1
473.0
51.4

255
341
7.1
1.445
0.0620
55.2



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-89
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
5500
1975
84.6%
15.4%
15.4%
84.6%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1976
72.3%
27.7%
9.9%
90.1%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1977
77.0%
23.0%
8.8%
91.2%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1978
79.0%
21.0%
8.2%
91.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1979
26.5%
73.5%
21.0%
79.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1980
84.1%
15.9%


100.0%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1981
100.0%

6.8%

93.2%


100.0%







Truck SUV
5500
1982
66.8%
33.2%
10.8%

89.2%


10.7%



89.3%



Truck SUV
5500
1983
68.3%
31.7%
1.3%

98.7%


24.9%



75.1%



Truck SUV
5500
1984
74.8%
25.2%
2.3%

97.7%


50.7%



49.3%



Truck SUV
5500
1985
100.0%

2.8%

97.2%


83.1%



16.9%



Truck SUV
5500
1986
100.0%

1.9%

98.1%


90.4%



9.6%



Truck SUV
5500
1987
37.9%
62.1%
0.2%

99.8%





98.4%
1.6%



Truck SUV
5500
1988
40.7%
59.3%
0.2%

99.8%





98.8%
1.2%



Truck SUV
5500
1989
2.2%
97.8%


100.0%





98.6%
1.4%



Truck SUV
5500
1990
1.0%
99.0%


100.0%





98.9%
1.1%



Truck SUV
5500
1991
1.3%
98.7%


100.0%





98.6%
1.4%



Truck SUV
5500
1992
46.2%
53.8%


100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
5500
1993
35.6%
64.4%


100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
5500
1994
39.3%
60.7%


100.0%




1.5%
98.5%




Truck SUV
5500
1995
66.5%
33.5%


100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
5500
1996
74.9%
25.1%


100.0%




100.0%

0.0%



Truck SUV
5500
1997
85.1%
14.9%


100.0%




100.0%





Truck SUV
5500
1998
85.1%
14.9%


100.0%




100.0%


3.4%


Truck SUV
5500
1999
14.8%
85.2%


100.0%




100.0%


4.3%


Truck SUV
5500
2000
40.6%
59.4%


100.0%




100.0%


15.8%


Truck SUV
5500
2001
45.7%
54.3%


100.0%




100.0%


23.7%


Truck SUV
5500
2002
19.9%
80.1%


100.0%




100.0%


28.8%


Truck SUV
5500
2003
20.0%
80.0%


100.0%




100.0%


24.7%
0.4%

Truck SUV
5500
2004
47.7%
52.3%


100.0%




100.0%


47.2%
30.3%

Truck SUV
5500
2005
56.9%
43.1%


100.0%




100.0%


46.4%
39.0%

Truck SUV
5500
2006
62.1%
37.9%


100.0%




100.0%


43.5%
43.5%

Truck SUV
5500
2007
84.3%
15.7%


100.0%




100.0%


61.1%
38.1%

Truck SUV
5500
2008
94.1%
5.9%
0.1%

99.9%



43.7%
56.3%


60.4%
55.8%

Truck SUV
5500
2009
73.7%
26.3%
0.3%

99.7%



27.6%
67.2%

5.1%
65.2%
70.0%

Truck SUV
5500
2010
86.1%
13.9%
0.0%

98.9%
1.1%


44.5%
45.5%

10.0%
82.3%
92.9%
1.1%
Truck SUV
5500
2011
95.8%
4.2%


99.9%
0.1%


35.9%
54.8%

9.3%
59.1%
90.7%
1.5%
Truck SUV
5500
2012
96.0%
4.0%


100.0%



15.6%
62.1%

22.3%
50.9%
73.8%
2.1%
Truck SUV
5500
2013
95.3%
4.7%


100.0%



44.9%
47.2%

7.9%
65.3%
90.9%
0.8%
Truck SUV
5500
2014
97.5%
2.5%


100.0%



53.5%
43.9%

2.6%
73.6%
87.9%
0.5%
Truck SUV
5500
2015
96.7%
3.3%


100.0%



44.3%
47.3%

8.4%
72.9%
90.0%
0.0%
Truck SUV
5500
2016
73.1%
26.9%


100.0%



63.8%
24.6%

11.6%
64.8%
88.4%
5.9%
Truck SUV
5500
2017
96.9%
3.1%


100.0%



42.6%
51.5%

5.9%
73.0%
91.9%
7.9%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-90
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
5500
2018

0.006
24.1
16.4
21.7
19.0
482.5
399.4
466.8
51.4

249
343
7.1
1.490
0.0623
54.3



Truck SUV
6000
1975
0
0.000
10.3
8.3
9.3
8.7
1071.4
950.3
1017.6


400
170

0.425
0.0283
26.2



Truck SUV
6000
1976
1
0.000
11.9
9.5
11.0
10.1
934.9
808.7
879.4


400
170

0.426
0.0284
30.4



Truck SUV
6000
1977
1
0.000
11.9
9.5
11.0
10.1
933.5
806.7
877.2


400
180

0.450
0.0300
30.4



Truck SUV
6000
1978
1
0.000
11.4
9.2
10.2
9.7
964.2
866.2
920.9


400
180
15.0
0.449
0.0300
29.0



Truck SUV
6000
1979




















Truck SUV
6000
1980
3
0.000
13.4
10.3
13.2
11.4
865.1
675.4
779.8


350
165
16.1
0.470
0.0274
34.2



Truck SUV
6000
1981




















Truck SUV
6000
1982
4
0.000
21.2
16.5
20.5
18.1
618.8
495.5
563.3


350
130
19.8
0.371
0.0217
54.2



Truck SUV
6000
1983
4
0.000
20.8
16.0
20.4
17.7
634.4
499.1
573.5


379
130
18.0
0.343
0.0217
53.2



Truck SUV
6000
1984
4
0.000
21.0
16.1
20.8
17.9
633.2
488.5
568.1


379
130
17.9
0.343
0.0217
53.8



Truck SUV
6000
1985
7
0.000
21.4
16.2
21.7
18.3
620.1
464.9
552.0


378
131
17.4
0.348
0.0219
55.3



Truck SUV
6000
1986
5
0.000
22.1
16.7
22.1
18.8
607.5
460.9
541.7


379
130
16.7
0.343
0.0217
56.5



Truck SUV
6000
1987
3
0.000
20.9
15.9
20.5
17.8
625.7
481.6
563.7


376
137
16.6
0.366
0.0229
54.1



Truck SUV
6000
1988
3
0.000
18.3
13.9
17.8
15.5
684.0
527.0
618.2


368
162
15.4
0.445
0.0270
47.9



Truck SUV
6000
1989
33
0.002
15.8
11.9
15.4
13.3
748.9
580.9
670.2


352
206
12.6
0.586
0.0343
40.2



Truck SUV
6000
1990
32
0.003
16.0
12.0
15.6
13.5
746.8
571.4
663.2


351
206
11.8
0.588
0.0344
40.6



Truck SUV
6000
1991
18
0.001
15.7
11.7
15.2
13.2
759.9
586.8
676.1


351
207
11.8
0.591
0.0345
39.7



Truck SUV
6000
1992
21
0.002
14.9
10.9
14.7
12.5
812.5
606.6
711.0


350
210
11.5
0.600
0.0350
37.5



Truck SUV
6000
1993
49
0.004
15.8
11.6
15.3
13.2
762.9
581.3
672.3


350
210
10.7
0.600
0.0350
39.7



Truck SUV
6000
1994
60
0.004
16.1
12.0
15.0
13.3
741.1
592.1
665.7


350
210
10.7
0.600
0.0350
40.0



Truck SUV
6000
1995
61
0.004
15.7
11.6
14.9
13.1
766.9
597.2
680.2


350
210
10.9
0.599
0.0350
39.2



Truck SUV
6000
1996
58
0.004
16.8
12.1
16.3
13.9
736.0
547.2
638.3


350
250
10.2
0.713
0.0416
41.8



Truck SUV
6000
1997
74
0.005
16.7
12.0
15.9
13.8
738.2
559.0
644.4


350
250
10.2
0.713
0.0416
41.4



Truck SUV
6000
1998
50
0.003
16.1
11.5
15.7
13.4
772.9
568.1
665.0


323
230
11.1
0.715
0.0383
40.1



Truck SUV
6000
1999
166
0.011
16.5
11.7
16.1
13.7
761.9
553.5
650.9


319
237
10.9
0.747
0.0395
41.0



Truck SUV
6000
2000
269
0.016
16.6
11.9
15.5
13.6
746.5
573.1
653.3


325
257
9.9
0.795
0.0429
40.8



Truck SUV
6000
2001
219
0.014
16.8
12.0
15.4
13.6
737.5
577.0
651.1


326
274
9.4
0.842
0.0457
41.0



Truck SUV
6000
2002
453
0.028
17.7
12.4
16.6
14.4
713.4
532.4
615.3


332
295
9.1
0.885
0.0491
43.5



Truck SUV
6000
2003
654
0.041
17.4
12.1
16.4
14.2
730.6
539.6
625.6


329
279
9.3
0.851
0.0465
42.7



Truck SUV
6000
2004
635
0.040
17.4
12.1
16.2
14.1
735.1
546.3
629.7


331
287
9.1
0.869
0.0479
42.4



Truck SUV
6000
2005
490
0.031
18.2
12.5
16.9
14.7
707.9
523.9
604.1


330
302
CO
CO
0.917
0.0504
44.2



Truck SUV
6000
2006
327
0.022
18.1
12.4
16.9
14.6
716.1
524.7
608.1


318
306
8.7
0.973
0.0510
43.9



Truck SUV
6000
2007
681
0.045
19.8
13.3
19.0
16.0
664.3
467.6
553.9


329
322
8.5
0.979
0.0537
48.3



Truck SUV
6000
2008
442
0.032
19.5
13.2
18.7
15.8
671.4
475.9
562.5
55.6

324
333
8.3
1.031
0.0554
47.7



Truck SUV
6000
2009
138
0.015
19.8
13.3
19.1
16.1
659.3
465.9
554.2
55.0

327
338
7.8
1.040
0.0564
48.6



Truck SUV
6000
2010
202
0.018
20.2
13.6
19.3
16.4
650.9
459.0
545.2
54.9

326
335
8.0
1.033
0.0558
49.4



Truck SUV
6000
2011
364
0.030
20.7
14.0
19.7
16.8
632.7
450.5
531.9
56.0

324
339
7.9
1.050
0.0564
50.6



Truck SUV
6000
2012
276
0.020
20.7
13.9
19.6
16.7
637.4
452.2
535.4
56.0

321
339
7.9
1.063
0.0565
50.4



Truck SUV
6000
2013
327
0.022
21.0
14.1
19.8
16.9
627.6
446.6
527.4
56.1

321
341
7.8
1.073
0.0569
51.1



Truck SUV
6000
2014
191
0.012
21.1
14.2
19.9
16.9
627.8
446.5
527.7
56.3

318
351
7.7
1.119
0.0585
51.3



Truck SUV
6000
2015
374
0.022
22.6
15.2
21.5
18.3
581.8
412.1
488.1
56.0

317
365
7.4
1.184
0.0608
55.2



Truck SUV
6000
2016
271
0.017
22.4
15.2
21.1
18.0
584.1
419.9
493.0
56.2

319
383
7.1
1.249
0.0639
54.4



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-91
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
5500
2018
97.1%
2.9%


100.0%



45.1%
46.3%

CO
CT1
76.1%
90.2%
10.3%
Truck SUV
6000
1975
100.0%

12.7%
87.3%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6000
1976
100.0%

12.8%
87.2%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6000
1977
100.0%

11.6%
88.4%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6000
1978
100.0%

15.5%
84.5%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6000
1979















Truck SUV
6000
1980
3.4%
96.6%


100.0%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6000
1981















Truck SUV
6000
1982
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
6000
1983
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
6000
1984
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
6000
1985
47.3%
52.7%


100.0%


4.1%



95.9%



Truck SUV
6000
1986
49.0%
51.0%


100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
6000
1987
56.8%
43.2%
9.1%

90.9%





9.1%
90.9%



Truck SUV
6000
1988
70.0%
30.0%
7.3%

92.7%





37.7%
62.3%



Truck SUV
6000
1989
97.2%
2.8%
1.0%

99.0%





94.6%
5.4%



Truck SUV
6000
1990
97.5%
2.5%
0.7%

99.3%





95.2%
4.8%



Truck SUV
6000
1991
96.2%
3.8%


100.0%





96.1%
3.9%



Truck SUV
6000
1992
100.0%



100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
6000
1993
100.0%



100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
6000
1994
100.0%



100.0%





100.0%




Truck SUV
6000
1995
100.0%



100.0%




1.0%
99.0%




Truck SUV
6000
1996
100.0%



100.0%




99.5%

0.5%



Truck SUV
6000
1997
100.0%



100.0%




99.6%

0.4%



Truck SUV
6000
1998
100.0%



100.0%




99.7%

0.3%
13.0%


Truck SUV
6000
1999
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


29.8%


Truck SUV
6000
2000
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


13.6%


Truck SUV
6000
2001
93.4%
6.6%


100.0%




100.0%


23.0%


Truck SUV
6000
2002
84.5%
15.5%


100.0%




100.0%


7.3%


Truck SUV
6000
2003
75.1%
24.9%


100.0%




100.0%


7.8%
2.1%

Truck SUV
6000
2004
78.2%
21.8%


100.0%




99.9%

0.1%
13.4%
7.3%

Truck SUV
6000
2005
76.6%
23.4%


100.0%




100.0%


36.6%
34.9%

Truck SUV
6000
2006
77.2%
22.8%


100.0%




99.8%

0.2%
63.1%
63.0%

Truck SUV
6000
2007
56.7%
43.3%


100.0%




99.7%

0.3%
14.8%
28.6%

Truck SUV
6000
2008
57.2%
42.8%


98.2%
1.8%


0.8%
97.9%

1.2%
37.3%
41.8%
1.8%
Truck SUV
6000
2009
57.1%
42.9%


95.5%
4.5%


1.4%
96.1%

2.5%
34.6%
44.6%
5.0%
Truck SUV
6000
2010
60.7%
39.3%

0.2%
99.3%
0.6%


12.9%
84.5%

2.6%
51.2%
89.8%
0.7%
Truck SUV
6000
2011
65.9%
34.1%

0.0%
99.7%
0.3%


15.4%
82.1%

2.5%
36.1%
98.4%
0.3%
Truck SUV
6000
2012
66.2%
33.8%


99.7%
0.3%


18.1%
78.2%

3.7%
42.8%
96.3%
0.3%
Truck SUV
6000
2013
66.0%
34.0%


99.8%
0.2%


19.3%
77.8%

2.9%
34.0%
97.1%
0.2%
Truck SUV
6000
2014
63.6%
36.4%


100.0%



27.4%
67.4%

5.2%
50.0%
94.8%

Truck SUV
6000
2015
57.5%
42.5%


100.0%



91.4%
5.8%

2.8%
27.3%
97.2%
0.2%
Truck SUV
6000
2016
67.5%
32.5%


100.0%



96.2%
3.2%

0.6%
27.2%
99.4%
0.1%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-92
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
6000
2017
317
0.019
22.5
15.2
21.1
18.1
581.9
416.9
491.2
55.8

309
377
7.1
1.269
0.0628
54.6



Truck SUV
6000
2018

0.017
23.0
15.4
21.7
18.4
572.4
407.1
482.0
56.2

303
390
6.8
1.352
0.0650
55.7



Truck SUV
6500
1975




















Truck SUV
6500
1976




















Truck SUV
6500
1977




















Truck SUV
6500
1978




















Truck SUV
6500
1979




















Truck SUV
6500
1980




















Truck SUV
6500
1981




















Truck SUV
6500
1982




















Truck SUV
6500
1983




















Truck SUV
6500
1984




















Truck SUV
6500
1985




















Truck SUV
6500
1986




















Truck SUV
6500
1987




















Truck SUV
6500
1988




















Truck SUV
6500
1989




















Truck SUV
6500
1990




















Truck SUV
6500
1991
1
0.000
20.2
14.7
20.4
17.0
694.2
499.8
599.6


379
140
15.8
0.369
0.0215
55.2



Truck SUV
6500
1992




















Truck SUV
6500
1993




















Truck SUV
6500
1994




















Truck SUV
6500
1995




















Truck SUV
6500
1996




















Truck SUV
6500
1997




















Truck SUV
6500
1998




















Truck SUV
6500
1999




















Truck SUV
6500
2000




















Truck SUV
6500
2001




















Truck SUV
6500
2002




















Truck SUV
6500
2003




















Truck SUV
6500
2004




















Truck SUV
6500
2005




















Truck SUV
6500
2006




















Truck SUV
6500
2007




















Truck SUV
6500
2008
40
0.003
18.4
12.5
17.5
14.9
709.2
507.0
594.5
56.6

344
375
7.9
1.090
0.0577
48.6



Truck SUV
6500
2009
4
0.000
18.3
12.4
17.5
14.9
714.1
507.6
596.4
50.5

346
383
7.5
1.107
0.0589
48.4



Truck SUV
6500
2010
36
0.003
18.4
12.6
17.3
14.9
705.1
511.8
595.5
55.7

337
341
8.2
1.011
0.0525
48.5



Truck SUV
6500
2011
77
0.006
18.6
12.8
17.6
15.1
695.0
502.7
586.7
58.0

348
353
8.0
1.011
0.0544
49.3



Truck SUV
6500
2012
61
0.005
18.6
12.8
17.6
15.1
693.0
504.7
587.0
58.8

344
344
8.2
0.998
0.0529
49.3



Truck SUV
6500
2013
69
0.005
18.5
12.7
17.5
15.1
697.8
506.3
589.8
58.1

347
353
8.0
1.014
0.0543
49.1



Truck SUV
6500
2014
59
0.004
18.5
12.7
17.5
15.1
698.1
507.3
589.7
58.2

341
341
8.2
0.999
0.0525
49.0



Truck SUV
6500
2015
154
0.009
21.6
14.7
20.4
17.5
604.0
433.2
508.4
60.6

307
371
7.7
1.260
0.0570
57.0



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-93
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
6000
2017
55.8%
44.2%


100.0%



97.8%
2.2%


37.9%
100.0%
0.1%
Truck SUV
6000
2018
54.2%
45.8%


100.0%



94.3%
5.7%


42.4%
98.6%
0.2%
Truck SUV
6500
1975















Truck SUV
6500
1976















Truck SUV
6500
1977















Truck SUV
6500
1978















Truck SUV
6500
1979















Truck SUV
6500
1980















Truck SUV
6500
1981















Truck SUV
6500
1982















Truck SUV
6500
1983















Truck SUV
6500
1984















Truck SUV
6500
1985















Truck SUV
6500
1986















Truck SUV
6500
1987















Truck SUV
6500
1988















Truck SUV
6500
1989















Truck SUV
6500
1990















Truck SUV
6500
1991
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
6500
1992















Truck SUV
6500
1993















Truck SUV
6500
1994















Truck SUV
6500
1995















Truck SUV
6500
1996















Truck SUV
6500
1997















Truck SUV
6500
1998















Truck SUV
6500
1999















Truck SUV
6500
2000















Truck SUV
6500
2001















Truck SUV
6500
2002















Truck SUV
6500
2003















Truck SUV
6500
2004















Truck SUV
6500
2005















Truck SUV
6500
2006















Truck SUV
6500
2007















Truck SUV
6500
2008
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
6500
2009
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
6500
2010
85.6%
14.4%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
44.5%

Truck SUV
6500
2011
91.5%
8.5%


98.7%
1.3%



100.0%


68.4%
100.0%
1.3%
Truck SUV
6500
2012
88.7%
11.3%


98.8%
1.2%



100.0%


74.8%
100.0%
1.2%
Truck SUV
6500
2013
90.7%
9.3%


99.0%
1.0%



100.0%


71.1%
100.0%
1.0%
Truck SUV
6500
2014
89.5%
10.5%


100.0%




100.0%


84.1%
100.0%

Truck SUV
6500
2015
94.9%
5.1%


100.0%



92.5%
7.5%


35.2%
100.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-94
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
6500
2016
136
0.008
21.4
14.5
20.2
17.3
608.5
436.9
513.1
59.8

302
369
7.7
1.270
0.0567
56.6



Truck SUV
6500
2017
181
0.011
21.1
14.3
19.8
17.0
618.3
446.9
522.6
59.4

295
374
7.6
1.330
0.0576
55.5



Truck SUV
6500
2018

0.007
21.5
14.5
20.4
17.3
609.8
434.4
512.7
59.6

314
390
7.1
1.303
0.0601
56.6



Truck SUV
7000
1975




















Truck SUV
7000
1976




















Truck SUV
7000
1977




















Truck SUV
7000
1978




















Truck SUV
7000
1979




















Truck SUV
7000
1980




















Truck SUV
7000
1981




















Truck SUV
7000
1982




















Truck SUV
7000
1983




















Truck SUV
7000
1984




















Truck SUV
7000
1985




















Truck SUV
7000
1986




















Truck SUV
7000
1987




















Truck SUV
7000
1988




















Truck SUV
7000
1989




















Truck SUV
7000
1990




















Truck SUV
7000
1991




















Truck SUV
7000
1992




















Truck SUV
7000
1993




















Truck SUV
7000
1994




















Truck SUV
7000
1995




















Truck SUV
7000
1996




















Truck SUV
7000
1997




















Truck SUV
7000
1998




















Truck SUV
7000
1999




















Truck SUV
7000
2000




















Truck SUV
7000
2001




















Truck SUV
7000
2002




















Truck SUV
7000
2003




















Truck SUV
7000
2004




















Truck SUV
7000
2005




















Truck SUV
7000
2006




















Truck SUV
7000
2007




















Truck SUV
7000
2008




















Truck SUV
7000
2009




















Truck SUV
7000
2010




















Truck SUV
7000
2011
4
0.000
15.4
10.4
15.6
12.8
854.6
571.0
693.0
61.0

366
352
8.3
0.962
0.0503
44.9



Truck SUV
7000
2012
2
0.000
15.4
10.4
15.6
12.8
854.6
571.0
693.0
59.3

366
352
8.3
0.961
0.0503
44.9



Truck SUV
7000
2013
3
0.000
16.2
10.8
16.1
13.3
812.7
547.8
666.5
59.3

338
341
8.6
1.036
0.0488
47.0



Truck SUV
7000
2014
1
0.000
19.9
13.1
18.8
15.8
680.8
472.2
561.9
53.5

226
303
9.4
1.342
0.0433
55.4



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-95
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
6500
2016
95.1%
4.9%


100.0%



87.3%
12.7%


47.7%
100.0%

Truck SUV
6500
2017
92.8%
7.2%


100.0%



92.3%
7.7%


59.4%
100.0%

Truck SUV
6500
2018
98.3%
1.7%


100.0%



90.2%
9.8%


48.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
1975















Truck SUV
7000
1976















Truck SUV
7000
1977















Truck SUV
7000
1978















Truck SUV
7000
1979















Truck SUV
7000
1980















Truck SUV
7000
1981















Truck SUV
7000
1982















Truck SUV
7000
1983















Truck SUV
7000
1984















Truck SUV
7000
1985















Truck SUV
7000
1986















Truck SUV
7000
1987















Truck SUV
7000
1988















Truck SUV
7000
1989















Truck SUV
7000
1990















Truck SUV
7000
1991















Truck SUV
7000
1992















Truck SUV
7000
1993















Truck SUV
7000
1994















Truck SUV
7000
1995















Truck SUV
7000
1996















Truck SUV
7000
1997















Truck SUV
7000
1998















Truck SUV
7000
1999















Truck SUV
7000
2000















Truck SUV
7000
2001















Truck SUV
7000
2002















Truck SUV
7000
2003















Truck SUV
7000
2004















Truck SUV
7000
2005















Truck SUV
7000
2006















Truck SUV
7000
2007















Truck SUV
7000
2008















Truck SUV
7000
2009















Truck SUV
7000
2010















Truck SUV
7000
2011
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
2012
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
2013
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


20.2%
100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
2014
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-96
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
7000
2015
0
0.000
19.9
13.1
18.8
15.8
680.8
472.2
561.9
53.5

226
303
9.4
1.342
0.0433
55.4



Truck SUV
7000
2016




















Truck SUV
7000
2017
1
0.000
15.2
11.0
11.9
11.5
798.1
710.8
771.1
54.1

237
404
7.3
1.702
0.0577
41.4



Truck SUV
7000
2018

0.000
14.2
10.6
10.9
10.8
835.6
813.6
823.0
54.3

243
416
7.1
1.712
0.0594
37.8



Truck SUV
8500
1975




















Truck SUV
8500
1976




















Truck SUV
8500
1977




















Truck SUV
8500
1978




















Truck SUV
8500
1979




















Truck SUV
8500
1980




















Truck SUV
8500
1981




















Truck SUV
8500
1982




















Truck SUV
8500
1983




















Truck SUV
8500
1984




















Truck SUV
8500
1985




















Truck SUV
8500
1986




















Truck SUV
8500
1987




















Truck SUV
8500
1988




















Truck SUV
8500
1989




















Truck SUV
8500
1990




















Truck SUV
8500
1991




















Truck SUV
8500
1992




















Truck SUV
8500
1993




















Truck SUV
8500
1994




















Truck SUV
8500
1995




















Truck SUV
8500
1996




















Truck SUV
8500
1997




















Truck SUV
8500
1998




















Truck SUV
8500
1999




















Truck SUV
8500
2000




















Truck SUV
8500
2001




















Truck SUV
8500
2002




















Truck SUV
8500
2003




















Truck SUV
8500
2004




















Truck SUV
8500
2005




















Truck SUV
8500
2006




















Truck SUV
8500
2007




















Truck SUV
8500
2008




















Truck SUV
8500
2009




















Truck SUV
8500
2010




















Truck SUV
8500
2011
0
0.000
16.4
11.3
15.7
13.4
788.9
564.7
661.1
58.1

330
310
9.9
0.939
0.0365
57.1



Truck SUV
8500
2012
0
0.000
16.4
11.3
15.7
13.4
788.9
564.7
661.1
60.9

330
310
9.9
0.941
0.0365
57.1



Truck SUV
8500
2013
0
0.000
16.4
11.3
15.7
13.4
788.9
564.7
661.1
60.9

330
310
9.9
0.941
0.0365
57.1



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-97
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
7000
2015
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
2016















Truck SUV
7000
2017
100.0%



100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
7000
2018
100.0%



100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
8500
1975















Truck SUV
8500
1976















Truck SUV
8500
1977















Truck SUV
8500
1978















Truck SUV
8500
1979















Truck SUV
8500
1980















Truck SUV
8500
1981















Truck SUV
8500
1982















Truck SUV
8500
1983















Truck SUV
8500
1984















Truck SUV
8500
1985















Truck SUV
8500
1986















Truck SUV
8500
1987















Truck SUV
8500
1988















Truck SUV
8500
1989















Truck SUV
8500
1990















Truck SUV
8500
1991















Truck SUV
8500
1992















Truck SUV
8500
1993















Truck SUV
8500
1994















Truck SUV
8500
1995















Truck SUV
8500
1996















Truck SUV
8500
1997















Truck SUV
8500
1998















Truck SUV
8500
1999















Truck SUV
8500
2000















Truck SUV
8500
2001















Truck SUV
8500
2002















Truck SUV
8500
2003















Truck SUV
8500
2004















Truck SUV
8500
2005















Truck SUV
8500
2006















Truck SUV
8500
2007















Truck SUV
8500
2008















Truck SUV
8500
2009















Truck SUV
8500
2010















Truck SUV
8500
2011

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
8500
2012

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
8500
2013

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-98
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Truck SUV
8500
2014
0
0.000
16.4
11.3
15.7
13.4
788.9
564.7
661.1
60.9

330
310
9.9
0.941
0.0365
57.1



Truck SUV
8500
2015




















Truck SUV
8500
2016




















Truck SUV
8500
2017




















Truck SUV
8500
2018




















Pickup
2000
1975




















Pickup
2000
1976




















Pickup
2000
1977




















Pickup
2000
1978




















Pickup
2000
1979




















Pickup
2000
1980
0
0.000
25.2
20.3
22.9
21.4
438.9
387.5
415.8


49
41
24.6
0.837
0.0205
21.4



Pickup
2000
1981
0
0.000
25.2
20.3
22.9
21.4
438.9
387.5
415.8


49
41
24.6
0.837
0.0205
21.4



Pickup
2000
1982




















Pickup
2000
1983




















Pickup
2000
1984




















Pickup
2000
1985




















Pickup
2000
1986




















Pickup
2000
1987




















Pickup
2000
1988




















Pickup
2000
1989




















Pickup
2000
1990




















Pickup
2000
1991




















Pickup
2000
1992




















Pickup
2000
1993




















Pickup
2000
1994




















Pickup
2000
1995




















Pickup
2000
1996




















Pickup
2000
1997




















Pickup
2000
1998




















Pickup
2000
1999




















Pickup
2000
2000




















Pickup
2000
2001




















Pickup
2000
2002




















Pickup
2000
2003




















Pickup
2000
2004




















Pickup
2000
2005




















Pickup
2000
2006




















Pickup
2000
2007




















Pickup
2000
2008




















Pickup
2000
2009




















Pickup
2000
2010




















Pickup
2000
2011




















Pickup
2000
2012




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-99
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
8500
2014

100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
8500
2015















Truck SUV
8500
2016















Truck SUV
8500
2017















Truck SUV
8500
2018















Pickup
2000
1975















Pickup
2000
1976















Pickup
2000
1977















Pickup
2000
1978















Pickup
2000
1979















Pickup
2000
1980
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2000
1981
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2000
1982















Pickup
2000
1983















Pickup
2000
1984















Pickup
2000
1985















Pickup
2000
1986















Pickup
2000
1987















Pickup
2000
1988















Pickup
2000
1989















Pickup
2000
1990















Pickup
2000
1991















Pickup
2000
1992















Pickup
2000
1993















Pickup
2000
1994















Pickup
2000
1995















Pickup
2000
1996















Pickup
2000
1997















Pickup
2000
1998















Pickup
2000
1999















Pickup
2000
2000















Pickup
2000
2001















Pickup
2000
2002















Pickup
2000
2003















Pickup
2000
2004















Pickup
2000
2005















Pickup
2000
2006















Pickup
2000
2007















Pickup
2000
2008















Pickup
2000
2009















Pickup
2000
2010















Pickup
2000
2011















Pickup
2000
2012















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-100
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
2000
2013




















Pickup
2000
2014




















Pickup
2000
2015




















Pickup
2000
2016




















Pickup
2000
2017




















Pickup
2000
2018




















Pickup
2250
1975




















Pickup
2250
1976




















Pickup
2250
1977




















Pickup
2250
1978




















Pickup
2250
1979
0
0.000
25.0
20.1
22.9
21.2
442.8
388.9
418.5


49
41
25.8
0.837
0.0182
23.9



Pickup
2250
1980
25
0.002
32.0
25.3
30.0
27.2
354.2
305.2
342.6


94
64
18.3
0.677
0.0284
32.4


100.0%
Pickup
2250
1981
24
0.002
41.5
33.2
38.1
35.2
306.7
266.7
288.9


97
52
20.2
0.536
0.0231
39.7


100.0%
Pickup
2250
1982
11
0.001
43.1
35.7
37.6
36.5
283.9
269.3
278.0


97
52
21.5
0.539
0.0231
41.2


98.8%
Pickup
2250
1983
1
0.000
39.2
32.6
34.0
33.2
295.3
281.8
296.7


91
51
20.3
0.571
0.0226
39.1


84.5%
Pickup
2250
1984
0
0.000
28.8
25.3
23.1
24.2
351.4
384.9
366.5


59
45
23.5
0.763
0.0200
27.3



Pickup
2250
1985




















Pickup
2250
1986




















Pickup
2250
1987




















Pickup
2250
1988




















Pickup
2250
1989




















Pickup
2250
1990




















Pickup
2250
1991




















Pickup
2250
1992




















Pickup
2250
1993




















Pickup
2250
1994




















Pickup
2250
1995




















Pickup
2250
1996




















Pickup
2250
1997




















Pickup
2250
1998




















Pickup
2250
1999




















Pickup
2250
2000




















Pickup
2250
2001




















Pickup
2250
2002




















Pickup
2250
2003




















Pickup
2250
2004




















Pickup
2250
2005




















Pickup
2250
2006




















Pickup
2250
2007




















Pickup
2250
2008




















Pickup
2250
2009




















Pickup
2250
2010




















Pickup
2250
2011




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-101
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
2000
2013















Pickup
2000
2014















Pickup
2000
2015















Pickup
2000
2016















Pickup
2000
2017















Pickup
2000
2018















Pickup
2250
1975















Pickup
2250
1976















Pickup
2250
1977















Pickup
2250
1978















Pickup
2250
1979
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2250
1980


100.0%







54.6%
45.4%



Pickup
2250
1981


100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
2250
1982
1.2%

100.0%




1.2%



98.8%



Pickup
2250
1983
15.5%

100.0%




15.5%



84.5%



Pickup
2250
1984
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2250
1985















Pickup
2250
1986















Pickup
2250
1987















Pickup
2250
1988















Pickup
2250
1989















Pickup
2250
1990















Pickup
2250
1991















Pickup
2250
1992















Pickup
2250
1993















Pickup
2250
1994















Pickup
2250
1995















Pickup
2250
1996















Pickup
2250
1997















Pickup
2250
1998















Pickup
2250
1999















Pickup
2250
2000















Pickup
2250
2001















Pickup
2250
2002















Pickup
2250
2003















Pickup
2250
2004















Pickup
2250
2005















Pickup
2250
2006















Pickup
2250
2007















Pickup
2250
2008















Pickup
2250
2009















Pickup
2250
2010















Pickup
2250
2011















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-102
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
2250
2012




















Pickup
2250
2013




















Pickup
2250
2014




















Pickup
2250
2015




















Pickup
2250
2016




















Pickup
2250
2017




















Pickup
2250
2018




















Pickup
2500
1975




















Pickup
2500
1976




















Pickup
2500
1977




















Pickup
2500
1978
23
0.002
27.2
21.2
26.3
23.2
417.4
337.3
382.8


97
67
16.0
0.691
0.0268
29.1



Pickup
2500
1979
39
0.003
27.5
21.7
26.1
23.5
409.8
340.1
378.9


97
67
18.3
0.691
0.0268
29.4



Pickup
2500
1980
17
0.001
25.8
19.9
25.2
22.0
445.9
352.3
404.3


97
68
18.6
0.701
0.0272
27.5


9.5%
Pickup
2500
1981
27
0.003
28.4
22.4
26.7
24.2
396.0
332.4
367.7


108
73
17.1
0.683
0.0294
30.2


34.2%
Pickup
2500
1982
25
0.003
29.7
23.1
28.8
25.3
384.4
307.0
350.6


123
80
17.1
0.655
0.0321
31.7


71.2%
Pickup
2500
1983
21
0.002
32.6
24.6
33.1
27.8
360.4
264.7
319.3


128
86
14.6
0.670
0.0343
34.9


78.8%
Pickup
2500
1984
15
0.001
28.1
22.2
26.3
23.9
398.2
330.3
372.1


102
70
18.5
0.700
0.0279
30.1


36.0%
Pickup
2500
1985
4
0.000
29.6
23.5
27.4
25.2
377.1
323.4
353.3


109
73
16.7
0.670
0.0292
31.5



Pickup
2500
1986
5
0.000
30.0
23.6
27.9
25.4
376.5
318.2
349.9


109
73
15.9
0.670
0.0292
31.8



Pickup
2500
1987
1
0.000
29.8
23.4
27.5
25.1
379.8
323.3
353.7


109
73
16.1
0.670
0.0292
31.4



Pickup
2500
1988




















Pickup
2500
1989




















Pickup
2500
1990




















Pickup
2500
1991




















Pickup
2500
1992




















Pickup
2500
1993




















Pickup
2500
1994




















Pickup
2500
1995




















Pickup
2500
1996




















Pickup
2500
1997




















Pickup
2500
1998




















Pickup
2500
1999




















Pickup
2500
2000




















Pickup
2500
2001




















Pickup
2500
2002




















Pickup
2500
2003




















Pickup
2500
2004




















Pickup
2500
2005




















Pickup
2500
2006




















Pickup
2500
2007




















Pickup
2500
2008




















Pickup
2500
2009




















Pickup
2500
2010




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-103
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
2250
2012















Pickup
2250
2013















Pickup
2250
2014















Pickup
2250
2015















Pickup
2250
2016















Pickup
2250
2017















Pickup
2250
2018















Pickup
2500
1975















Pickup
2500
1976















Pickup
2500
1977















Pickup
2500
1978
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2500
1979
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2500
1980
90.5%

90.5%
9.5%



90.5%


9.5%




Pickup
2500
1981
65.8%

100.0%




65.8%


34.2%




Pickup
2500
1982
28.8%

83.6%
16.4%



86.5%


13.5%




Pickup
2500
1983
21.2%

95.7%

4.3%


95.8%


4.2%




Pickup
2500
1984
64.0%

96.0%

4.0%


100.0%







Pickup
2500
1985
100.0%

95.6%

4.4%


100.0%







Pickup
2500
1986
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2500
1987
100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2500
1988















Pickup
2500
1989















Pickup
2500
1990















Pickup
2500
1991















Pickup
2500
1992















Pickup
2500
1993















Pickup
2500
1994















Pickup
2500
1995















Pickup
2500
1996















Pickup
2500
1997















Pickup
2500
1998















Pickup
2500
1999















Pickup
2500
2000















Pickup
2500
2001















Pickup
2500
2002















Pickup
2500
2003















Pickup
2500
2004















Pickup
2500
2005















Pickup
2500
2006















Pickup
2500
2007















Pickup
2500
2008















Pickup
2500
2009















Pickup
2500
2010















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-104
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
2500
2011




















Pickup
2500
2012




















Pickup
2500
2013




















Pickup
2500
2014




















Pickup
2500
2015




















Pickup
2500
2016




















Pickup
2500
2017




















Pickup
2500
2018




















Pickup
2750
1975
156
0.015
22.7
17.4
22.4
19.4
508.6
394.6
458.9


119
95

0.799
0.0347
26.7



Pickup
2750
1976
162
0.013
24.1
18.6
23.8
20.6
476.4
373.1
431.5


120
98

0.815
0.0355
28.4



Pickup
2750
1977
226
0.016
25.7
20.0
24.7
21.9
443.0
358.3
406.4


121
97

0.801
0.0352
30.2



Pickup
2750
1978
183
0.013
25.8
20.7
23.7
22.0
427.7
373.6
404.7


121
97
13.1
0.801
0.0353
30.3



Pickup
2750
1979
240
0.017
22.7
17.8
21.6
19.3
490.4
406.4
460.2


126
91
15.1
0.722
0.0330
27.0



Pickup
2750
1980
324
0.029
25.2
20.0
23.4
21.4
439.8
375.7
414.7


126
91
15.3
0.728
0.0333
29.7



Pickup
2750
1981
222
0.021
27.9
22.2
26.0
23.8
398.2
340.5
374.5


130
90
15.4
0.695
0.0329
32.9



Pickup
2750
1982
227
0.023
28.3
22.4
26.3
24.0
395.0
335.7
370.4


130
91
16.4
0.699
0.0331
33.3


1.4%
Pickup
2750
1983
340
0.033
28.8
22.9
26.7
24.5
386.7
329.6
363.4


132
87
15.5
0.658
0.0315
33.9


4.0%
Pickup
2750
1984
314
0.022
28.2
22.5
26.1
24.0
393.0
336.5
370.6


130
87
15.3
0.670
0.0317
33.3


2.2%
Pickup
2750
1985
238
0.016
29.9
23.7
27.8
25.4
373.1
317.6
350.0


130
90
14.8
0.692
0.0328
35.1



Pickup
2750
1986
311
0.020
29.5
23.3
27.4
25.0
380.0
321.8
355.7


132
92
13.9
0.694
0.0334
34.6



Pickup
2750
1987
240
0.016
29.7
23.2
27.7
25.1
382.2
319.0
354.6


134
93
14.0
0.694
0.0338
34.6



Pickup
2750
1988
121
0.008
27.8
21.7
25.5
23.4
407.9
346.1
380.5


136
98
13.5
0.721
0.0356
32.2



Pickup
2750
1989
76
0.005
27.6
21.6
25.1
23.1
411.3
351.8
384.6


135
97
13.0
0.721
0.0354
31.9



Pickup
2750
1990
31
0.002
26.0
20.4
23.0
21.6
434.6
386.5
411.2


144
102
11.9
0.708
0.0371
29.7



Pickup
2750
1991




















Pickup
2750
1992
19
0.002
28.2
21.3
25.7
23.3
416.8
345.6
381.5


144
112
10.8
0.778
0.0407
32.0



Pickup
2750
1993




















Pickup
2750
1994




















Pickup
2750
1995




















Pickup
2750
1996




















Pickup
2750
1997




















Pickup
2750
1998




















Pickup
2750
1999




















Pickup
2750
2000




















Pickup
2750
2001




















Pickup
2750
2002




















Pickup
2750
2003




















Pickup
2750
2004




















Pickup
2750
2005




















Pickup
2750
2006




















Pickup
2750
2007




















Pickup
2750
2008




















Pickup
2750
2009




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-105
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
2500
2011















Pickup
2500
2012















Pickup
2500
2013















Pickup
2500
2014















Pickup
2500
2015















Pickup
2500
2016















Pickup
2500
2017















Pickup
2500
2018















Pickup
2750
1975

100.0%
88.7%
11.3%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1976

100.0%
80.2%
19.8%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1977

100.0%
79.9%
20.1%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1978

100.0%
86.1%
13.9%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1979

100.0%
85.8%
14.2%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1980

100.0%
86.9%
13.1%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1981

100.0%
90.3%
9.7%



98.6%



1.4%



Pickup
2750
1982

98.6%
87.1%
8.1%
4.9%


98.3%



1.7%



Pickup
2750
1983
0.1%
95.9%
89.4%
10.5%
0.2%


99.1%


0.1%
0.9%



Pickup
2750
1984
0.1%
97.7%
88.1%
11.6%
0.3%


98.1%

1.2%

0.7%



Pickup
2750
1985

100.0%
92.5%
7.5%



98.1%

1.5%

0.4%



Pickup
2750
1986

100.0%
89.0%
11.0%



99.6%



0.4%



Pickup
2750
1987

100.0%
90.6%
9.4%



100.0%







Pickup
2750
1988

100.0%
99.4%
0.6%



99.4%

0.6%





Pickup
2750
1989

100.0%
100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2750
1990

100.0%
100.0%




100.0%







Pickup
2750
1991















Pickup
2750
1992

100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Pickup
2750
1993















Pickup
2750
1994















Pickup
2750
1995















Pickup
2750
1996















Pickup
2750
1997















Pickup
2750
1998















Pickup
2750
1999















Pickup
2750
2000















Pickup
2750
2001















Pickup
2750
2002















Pickup
2750
2003















Pickup
2750
2004















Pickup
2750
2005















Pickup
2750
2006















Pickup
2750
2007















Pickup
2750
2008















Pickup
2750
2009















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-106
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
2750
2010




















Pickup
2750
2011




















Pickup
2750
2012




















Pickup
2750
2013




















Pickup
2750
2014




















Pickup
2750
2015




















Pickup
2750
2016




















Pickup
2750
2017




















Pickup
2750
2018




















Pickup
3000
1975
60
0.006
20.7
16.4
19.4
17.6
538.0
456.4
503.8


107
70

0.667
0.0234
26.6



Pickup
3000
1976
63
0.005
22.3
17.5
21.2
19.0
497.6
411.0
467.9


108
70

0.667
0.0234
29.0



Pickup
3000
1977
78
0.006
28.6
22.4
27.2
24.3
390.8
322.7
365.2


122
75

0.629
0.0249
37.0



Pickup
3000
1978
124
0.009
27.5
21.9
25.5
23.4
401.1
344.0
380.4


123
77
16.7
0.631
0.0258
35.5



Pickup
3000
1979
174
0.013
23.9
18.9
22.4
20.3
458.8
388.7
436.9


124
80
17.5
0.649
0.0266
31.2



Pickup
3000
1980
169
0.015
23.6
18.8
21.9
20.1
463.6
397.1
442.2


127
84
17.2
0.666
0.0281
30.7



Pickup
3000
1981
211
0.020
27.1
21.6
25.2
23.1
416.4
358.5
396.6


136
83
17.3
0.613
0.0278
35.6



Pickup
3000
1982
353
0.036
26.4
20.8
25.0
22.5
429.3
359.3
402.8


157
96
16.9
0.616
0.0322
34.4



Pickup
3000
1983
378
0.037
26.4
20.7
25.0
22.5
426.5
354.7
399.5


149
93
15.7
0.626
0.0310
34.3



Pickup
3000
1984
475
0.034
26.6
20.8
25.4
22.6
423.9
347.4
394.6


147
93
15.5
0.636
0.0310
34.5



Pickup
3000
1985
583
0.040
26.3
20.6
25.0
22.4
425.9
353.8
397.8


153
100
14.3
0.656
0.0334
33.9



Pickup
3000
1986
785
0.051
26.8
20.9
25.3
22.7
422.7
349.4
391.6


144
100
13.8
0.689
0.0333
34.3



Pickup
3000
1987
728
0.049
27.0
20.8
25.7
22.8
424.6
344.9
389.7


146
100
14.0
0.684
0.0334
34.4



Pickup
3000
1988
715
0.047
27.4
21.1
25.9
23.1
417.4
341.2
384.6


146
98
14.3
0.672
0.0328
34.9



Pickup
3000
1989
575
0.040
27.6
21.2
25.8
23.2
417.0
343.8
383.6


146
102
13.3
0.699
0.0340
34.9



Pickup
3000
1990
413
0.033
28.2
21.6
25.9
23.5
409.5
341.1
378.2


143
110
11.9
0.765
0.0365
35.4



Pickup
3000
1991
577
0.046
27.5
20.8
25.6
22.9
424.0
346.5
388.1


149
109
12.0
0.735
0.0364
34.5



Pickup
3000
1992
318
0.026
27.1
20.4
25.2
22.5
433.6
352.0
395.2


148
112
11.5
0.760
0.0375
33.9



Pickup
3000
1993
364
0.028
27.4
20.4
25.5
22.6
433.6
347.6
392.6


150
115
10.6
0.771
0.0385
34.1



Pickup
3000
1994
275
0.019
28.0
20.9
25.5
23.0
424.0
347.7
386.1


143
117
10.4
0.818
0.0390
34.6



Pickup
3000
1995
172
0.011
27.3
20.4
24.6
22.3
436.1
361.0
397.9


145
129
10.1
0.883
0.0429
33.5



Pickup
3000
1996
103
0.008
27.2
20.1
24.5
22.1
442.2
362.3
401.4


148
139
10.0
0.938
0.0462
33.3



Pickup
3000
1997
66
0.005
26.6
19.6
23.9
21.6
452.7
371.3
410.9


146
134
10.1
0.917
0.0446
32.5



Pickup
3000
1998
81
0.006
27.3
20.0
24.2
22.0
444.3
366.8
403.6


149
142
10.2
0.954
0.0473
33.1



Pickup
3000
1999
50
0.003
27.2
19.8
24.0
21.9
448.0
369.9
406.5


149
142
10.2
0.953
0.0473
32.8



Pickup
3000
2000
40
0.002
26.7
19.5
23.2
21.3
456.3
383.0
416.8


149
142
9.8
0.953
0.0473
32.0



Pickup
3000
2001
23
0.001
27.1
19.7
23.2
21.5
451.0
381.3
413.4


149
142
9.7
0.953
0.0473
32.3



Pickup
3000
2002
21
0.001
27.7
19.6
24.3
22.0
452.3
365.7
404.7


149
142
9.8
0.953
0.0473
33.0



Pickup
3000
2003
21
0.001
27.7
19.6
24.1
21.9
454.2
368.4
406.6


149
142
9.7
0.953
0.0473
32.8



Pickup
3000
2004
23
0.001
27.6
19.4
23.9
21.7
457.4
370.6
408.8


149
142
9.8
0.953
0.0473
32.6



Pickup
3000
2005




















Pickup
3000
2006




















Pickup
3000
2007




















Pickup
3000
2008




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-107
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
2750
2010















Pickup
2750
2011















Pickup
2750
2012















Pickup
2750
2013















Pickup
2750
2014















Pickup
2750
2015















Pickup
2750
2016















Pickup
2750
2017















Pickup
2750
2018















Pickup
3000
1975

100.0%
69.3%
30.7%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1976

100.0%
84.5%
15.5%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1977

100.0%
88.8%
11.2%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1978

100.0%
88.1%
11.9%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1979
31.7%
68.3%
88.1%
11.9%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1980
56.9%
43.1%
93.2%
6.8%



100.0%







Pickup
3000
1981
44.0%
56.0%
93.7%
6.2%
0.1%


74.5%



25.5%



Pickup
3000
1982
21.0%
79.0%
74.1%
3.2%
22.7%


83.0%



17.0%



Pickup
3000
1983
16.4%
83.6%
73.6%
16.8%
9.6%


91.2%



CO
CO



Pickup
3000
1984
9.4%
90.6%
74.8%
13.7%
11.5%


92.0%

3.4%

4.7%



Pickup
3000
1985
9.9%
90.1%
68.8%
5.1%
26.0%


67.4%

16.8%
14.0%
1.8%



Pickup
3000
1986
4.1%
95.9%
78.9%
4.4%
16.7%


46.2%

19.3%
33.6%
0.9%



Pickup
3000
1987
4.6%
95.4%
77.4%
6.7%
15.9%


39.4%

20.3%
39.9%
0.4%



Pickup
3000
1988
1.0%
99.0%
77.9%
6.2%
15.9%


34.7%

28.3%
37.0%




Pickup
3000
1989

100.0%
82.7%
5.7%
11.6%


23.8%

31.0%
45.2%




Pickup
3000
1990

100.0%
86.3%
2.9%
10.7%


19.1%

70.8%
10.1%




Pickup
3000
1991

100.0%
88.1%
2.9%
9.0%


10.6%

51.5%
37.9%




Pickup
3000
1992

100.0%
85.9%
4.7%
9.4%


18.7%

53.1%
28.2%




Pickup
3000
1993

100.0%
87.3%
4.4%
8.3%


11.6%

63.2%
25.2%




Pickup
3000
1994

100.0%
85.5%
9.2%
5.3%


7.5%

92.5%





Pickup
3000
1995

100.0%
79.0%
11.8%
9.2%




100.0%


18.1%


Pickup
3000
1996

100.0%
72.2%
25.7%
2.1%




100.0%


99.9%


Pickup
3000
1997

100.0%
82.0%

18.0%




100.0%


99.1%


Pickup
3000
1998

100.0%
54.3%
45.7%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
1999

100.0%
52.2%
47.8%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2000

100.0%
47.6%
52.4%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2001

100.0%
47.6%
52.4%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2002

100.0%
47.2%
52.8%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2003

100.0%
45.1%
54.9%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2004

100.0%
42.9%
57.1%





100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
3000
2005















Pickup
3000
2006















Pickup
3000
2007















Pickup
3000
2008















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-108
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
3000
2009




















Pickup
3000
2010




















Pickup
3000
2011




















Pickup
3000
2012




















Pickup
3000
2013




















Pickup
3000
2014




















Pickup
3000
2015




















Pickup
3000
2016




















Pickup
3000
2017




















Pickup
3000
2018




















Pickup
3500
1975
39
0.004
15.1
11.9
14.4
12.9
745.3
611.5
689.6


348
156

0.447
0.0445
22.7



Pickup
3500
1976
71
0.006
16.5
13.1
15.5
14.1
669.9
561.9
631.2


319
138

0.440
0.0394
25.0



Pickup
3500
1977
65
0.005
17.1
13.6
15.9
14.6
645.8
550.8
610.5


328
143

0.442
0.0408
25.8



Pickup
3500
1978
89
0.006
18.5
14.6
17.4
15.8
601.8
504.7
563.8


275
132
12.9
0.497
0.0377
27.8



Pickup
3500
1979
22
0.002
18.9
15.1
17.5
16.1
580.9
499.8
551.8


209
106
16.2
0.531
0.0304
28.6



Pickup
3500
1980
53
0.005
18.7
15.2
16.8
15.9
580.8
520.0
560.3


213
113
15.8
0.557
0.0323
28.1



Pickup
3500
1981
105
0.010
21.3
16.9
19.8
18.1
522.6
444.7
490.7


247
112
15.3
0.472
0.0319
31.9



Pickup
3500
1982
120
0.012
22.3
17.7
21.0
19.0
501.6
420.2
467.8


210
108
16.5
0.545
0.0310
33.4



Pickup
3500
1983
231
0.022
23.4
18.2
22.5
19.9
486.4
392.0
446.9


178
107
15.4
0.618
0.0305
35.1



Pickup
3500
1984
356
0.025
22.7
17.8
21.7
19.4
497.6
404.8
460.1


174
104
15.6
0.615
0.0297
34.2



Pickup
3500
1985
342
0.024
23.3
18.3
22.3
19.9
484.4
394.7
447.4


180
110
14.7
0.641
0.0313
35.0



Pickup
3500
1986
432
0.028
23.2
18.1
22.0
19.7
486.3
402.5
450.9


167
119
13.4
0.726
0.0341
34.7



Pickup
3500
1987
478
0.032
22.9
17.6
21.9
19.4
500.4
403.3
458.4


178
121
13.6
0.696
0.0347
34.1



Pickup
3500
1988
491
0.032
22.8
17.5
21.8
19.3
505.4
405.3
461.5


184
130
13.1
0.719
0.0370
33.9



Pickup
3500
1989
439
0.030
22.6
17.3
21.5
19.0
510.9
411.7
466.8


195
132
12.5
0.696
0.0376
33.5



Pickup
3500
1990
317
0.025
23.1
17.5
21.9
19.4
506.1
403.0
458.8


186
135
11.5
0.741
0.0386
34.0



Pickup
3500
1991
413
0.033
23.9
17.9
22.8
20.0
493.1
388.3
444.3


199
137
11.4
0.712
0.0393
35.2



Pickup
3500
1992
413
0.034
24.7
18.3
23.4
20.5
480.6
376.5
432.6


187
131
11.5
0.719
0.0374
36.2



Pickup
3500
1993
444
0.034
24.5
18.2
23.2
20.4
485.4
381.0
436.5


186
134
10.6
0.738
0.0384
35.9



Pickup
3500
1994
736
0.052
25.3
18.6
23.7
20.9
472.3
372.8
425.6


178
132
10.7
0.752
0.0377
36.8



Pickup
3500
1995
578
0.038
26.3
19.1
24.6
21.6
458.5
357.8
411.4


167
131
10.9
0.804
0.0375
38.2



Pickup
3500
1996
568
0.043
26.3
19.1
24.6
21.6
461.9
358.1
411.9


158
129
11.6
0.828
0.0368
38.1



Pickup
3500
1997
457
0.032
27.0
19.5
24.9
22.0
450.4
353.5
403.5


154
123
11.9
0.815
0.0353
38.9



Pickup
3500
1998
630
0.044
26.1
18.7
24.1
21.2
469.6
365.0
419.0


157
131
11.8
0.840
0.0373
37.5



Pickup
3500
1999
493
0.032
24.9
17.7
23.0
20.2
495.0
381.0
439.5


162
133
11.7
0.827
0.0380
35.8



Pickup
3500
2000
545
0.033
24.9
17.6
22.9
20.1
499.6
385.0
441.6


163
135
11.2
0.842
0.0386
35.5



Pickup
3500
2001
348
0.022
24.5
17.4
22.3
19.7
506.0
395.7
450.1


161
138
10.8
0.867
0.0395
34.9



Pickup
3500
2002
213
0.013
24.9
17.6
22.3
19.9
496.8
395.1
445.7


168
146
10.5
0.884
0.0417
35.3



Pickup
3500
2003
293
0.019
25.7
17.8
23.5
20.6
493.9
376.2
431.7


154
135
11.1
0.889
0.0385
36.3



Pickup
3500
2004
131
0.008
25.9
18.0
23.1
20.6
487.8
382.6
432.0


158
149
10.3
0.944
0.0425
36.3



Pickup
3500
2005
92
0.006
25.9
17.7
23.5
20.6
497.7
376.6
431.5


167
159
9.8
0.960
0.0455
36.3



Pickup
3500
2006
100
0.007
26.1
17.7
23.9
20.8
497.8
370.3
427.6


164
161
9.9
0.984
0.0459
36.6



Pickup
3500
2007
89
0.006
26.0
17.8
23.5
20.6
493.1
375.8
431.1


161
159
10.0
0.995
0.0455
36.5



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-109
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
3000
2009















Pickup
3000
2010















Pickup
3000
2011















Pickup
3000
2012















Pickup
3000
2013















Pickup
3000
2014















Pickup
3000
2015















Pickup
3000
2016















Pickup
3000
2017















Pickup
3000
2018















Pickup
3500
1975

100.0%
5.9%
94.1%



100.0%







Pickup
3500
1976

100.0%
11.9%
88.1%



100.0%







Pickup
3500
1977

100.0%
9.3%
90.7%



100.0%







Pickup
3500
1978

100.0%
20.5%
79.5%



100.0%







Pickup
3500
1979

100.0%
35.1%
64.9%



100.0%







Pickup
3500
1980

100.0%
42.1%
8.6%
49.3%


100.0%







Pickup
3500
1981
6.1%
93.9%
62.3%
6.7%
31.0%


100.0%







Pickup
3500
1982
31.5%
68.5%
80.0%
3.8%
16.2%


100.0%







Pickup
3500
1983
59.4%
40.6%
66.6%
5.4%
28.0%


98.3%


0.1%
1.6%



Pickup
3500
1984
62.0%
38.0%
67.5%
7.1%
25.4%


97.5%



2.5%



Pickup
3500
1985
60.9%
39.1%
71.5%
3.5%
25.0%


81.6%

14.2%
3.5%
0.7%



Pickup
3500
1986
67.4%
32.6%
69.0%
0.8%
30.2%


34.0%

35.6%
30.1%
0.3%



Pickup
3500
1987
56.2%
43.8%
55.2%
0.8%
44.0%


41.3%

28.5%
30.0%
0.2%



Pickup
3500
1988
55.6%
44.4%
54.0%
0.8%
45.2%


4.8%

54.5%
40.6%




Pickup
3500
1989
37.3%
62.7%
51.7%
0.4%
47.9%


2.1%

53.8%
44.0%




Pickup
3500
1990
30.7%
69.3%
52.7%

47.3%




77.5%
22.5%




Pickup
3500
1991
21.3%
78.7%
52.4%

47.6%




59.0%
41.0%




Pickup
3500
1992
18.4%
81.6%
65.1%

34.9%




70.5%
29.5%




Pickup
3500
1993
19.1%
80.9%
64.4%

35.6%




76.2%
23.8%




Pickup
3500
1994
9.0%
91.0%
63.2%

36.8%




86.6%
13.4%

1.9%


Pickup
3500
1995
7.7%
92.3%
69.5%

30.5%




83.1%
16.9%

6.9%


Pickup
3500
1996
7.5%
92.5%
66.2%

33.8%




100.0%


14.8%


Pickup
3500
1997
1.0%
99.0%
67.9%

32.1%




100.0%


9.2%


Pickup
3500
1998
8.5%
91.5%
57.8%

42.2%




100.0%


18.9%


Pickup
3500
1999
7.5%
92.5%
46.9%

53.1%




100.0%


16.1%


Pickup
3500
2000
5.4%
94.6%
41.0%

59.0%




100.0%


19.7%


Pickup
3500
2001
2.8%
97.2%
40.2%
2.6%
57.1%




100.0%


34.4%


Pickup
3500
2002

100.0%
34.7%
4.6%
60.6%




100.0%


54.8%


Pickup
3500
2003
1.4%
98.6%
36.1%
3.5%
60.4%




100.0%


33.2%


Pickup
3500
2004

100.0%
38.5%
7.8%
53.7%




100.0%


77.4%
12.7%

Pickup
3500
2005

100.0%
37.7%

62.3%




100.0%


77.9%
51.5%

Pickup
3500
2006
1.2%
98.8%
35.8%

64.2%




100.0%


86.7%
59.5%

Pickup
3500
2007

100.0%
32.3%

67.7%




100.0%


89.2%
89.2%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-110
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
3500
2008
89
0.006
26.7
18.3
23.8
21.1
480.6
371.5
421.0
48.8

159
157
10.2
0.991
0.0448
37.2



Pickup
3500
2009
54
0.006
27.9
19.3
24.5
21.9
458.3
361.7
405.2
49.5

154
155
10.1
1.011
0.0443
38.6



Pickup
3500
2010
52
0.005
27.7
19.1
24.5
21.8
464.4
362.7
407.2
49.1

150
152
10.4
1.016
0.0435
38.3



Pickup
3500
2011
62
0.005
27.7
19.1
24.3
21.7
463.5
365.4
408.7
47.4

149
151
10.4
1.015
0.0432
38.2



Pickup
3500
2012
22
0.002
27.5
18.7
24.4
21.5
475.3
364.6
412.5
45.2

177
180
9.4
1.016
0.0516
37.7



Pickup
3500
2013
14
0.001
29.3
20.0
24.4
22.3
443.1
364.8
398.6
51.5

164
159
10.1
0.967
0.0454
39.0



Pickup
3500
2014
12
0.001
29.3
20.0
24.3
22.3
443.6
365.4
399.1
46.4

164
159
10.1
0.967
0.0454
39.0



Pickup
3500
2015




















Pickup
3500
2016




















Pickup
3500
2017




















Pickup
3500
2018




















Pickup
4000
1975
733
0.072
14.1
11.0
13.6
12.0
788.5
638.5
737.7


330
143

0.433
0.0358
24.6



Pickup
4000
1976
907
0.073
15.3
12.2
14.3
13.1
711.5
602.7
680.8


327
135

0.412
0.0338
26.8



Pickup
4000
1977
855
0.061
16.7
13.4
15.3
14.2
651.9
567.6
626.1


322
144

0.445
0.0359
28.9



Pickup
4000
1978
951
0.066
16.1
13.0
14.4
13.6
668.7
590.7
652.3


318
144
13.1
0.453
0.0361
28.0



Pickup
4000
1979
606
0.044
15.9
12.9
14.4
13.5
680.0
607.1
657.0


306
142
14.0
0.465
0.0356
27.4



Pickup
4000
1980
439
0.039
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
593.3
504.0
557.6


283
127
15.2
0.451
0.0317
32.1



Pickup
4000
1981
587
0.056
19.2
15.2
17.9
16.3
578.8
490.3
544.2


286
128
15.0
0.451
0.0320
33.0



Pickup
4000
1982
397
0.041
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
592.9
502.4
558.3


292
130
16.1
0.446
0.0325
32.2



Pickup
4000
1983
332
0.032
18.5
14.7
17.4
15.8
597.9
502.0
563.5


291
130
14.7
0.446
0.0324
32.0



Pickup
4000
1984
406
0.029
18.5
14.6
17.4
15.7
601.8
499.5
565.1


287
127
14.8
0.442
0.0317
32.0



Pickup
4000
1985
385
0.027
18.5
14.8
17.2
15.8
594.1
508.6
564.0


292
140
13.8
0.479
0.0349
31.9



Pickup
4000
1986
465
0.030
19.2
15.2
17.7
16.3
580.3
494.6
546.3


276
134
13.4
0.505
0.0336
32.8



Pickup
4000
1987
271
0.018
19.1
15.1
17.6
16.2
586.4
497.8
550.0


273
141
13.2
0.530
0.0353
32.5


0.1%
Pickup
4000
1988
370
0.024
19.7
15.2
18.7
16.6
583.5
472.5
534.6


282
154
12.4
0.555
0.0385
33.4


0.0%
Pickup
4000
1989
369
0.026
20.1
15.3
19.3
17.0
577.0
456.7
523.8


269
159
11.8
0.607
0.0397
34.2



Pickup
4000
1990
342
0.027
20.2
15.1
19.4
16.9
583.6
454.9
524.9


271
162
10.9
0.612
0.0405
34.1



Pickup
4000
1991
353
0.028
20.4
15.2
19.6
17.1
581.6
450.6
520.9


262
159
11.1
0.623
0.0397
34.3



Pickup
4000
1992
332
0.027
20.4
15.1
19.7
17.1
585.1
448.5
520.6


250
154
11.1
0.628
0.0386
34.3



Pickup
4000
1993
313
0.024
20.5
15.2
19.5
17.1
581.5
453.1
520.2


236
155
10.4
0.669
0.0388
34.3



Pickup
4000
1994
536
0.038
20.9
15.4
19.8
17.3
573.7
447.2
512.4


241
169
9.9
0.715
0.0423
34.9



Pickup
4000
1995
292
0.019
20.9
15.4
19.5
17.3
574.4
452.6
514.2


230
164
10.3
0.727
0.0411
34.7



Pickup
4000
1996
286
0.022
21.6
15.7
20.3
17.8
564.9
435.1
499.6


239
173
10.3
0.734
0.0432
35.7



Pickup
4000
1997
425
0.029
21.5
15.5
20.2
17.6
572.6
439.4
504.2


246
185
9.8
0.756
0.0461
35.3



Pickup
4000
1998
437
0.030
21.3
15.3
19.9
17.4
578.7
446.0
510.0


236
178
10.4
0.766
0.0446
34.9



Pickup
4000
1999
420
0.028
20.7
14.9
19.1
16.9
595.8
464.0
526.8


231
173
10.7
0.755
0.0431
33.8



Pickup
4000
2000
481
0.029
20.8
14.9
19.1
16.9
594.9
464.2
525.5


222
171
10.3
0.779
0.0429
33.9



Pickup
4000
2001
437
0.028
20.7
14.8
18.8
16.7
599.4
471.1
531.0


226
184
9.6
0.819
0.0460
33.6



Pickup
4000
2002
386
0.024
20.9
15.0
18.6
16.8
591.8
475.1
529.3


220
183
9.8
0.836
0.0457
33.7



Pickup
4000
2003
396
0.025
21.4
15.2
19.2
17.2
583.8
461.2
517.7


213
178
10.0
0.844
0.0445
34.5



Pickup
4000
2004
380
0.024
21.8
15.2
19.6
17.4
581.1
449.9
510.0


208
189
9.6
0.910
0.0473
35.0



Pickup
4000
2005
293
0.018
23.1
15.9
20.9
18.4
554.9
422.0
482.3


211
206
9.0
0.978
0.0516
37.1



Pickup
4000
2006
282
0.019
23.4
16.1
21.1
18.7
547.6
417.3
476.3


209
202
9.2
0.970
0.0505
37.5



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-lll
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
3500
2008

100.0%
25.7%

74.3%




100.0%


87.4%
92.4%

Pickup
3500
2009

100.0%
23.9%

76.1%




100.0%


98.3%
98.3%

Pickup
3500
2010

100.0%
16.5%

83.5%




100.0%


100.0%
31.9%

Pickup
3500
2011

100.0%
16.0%

84.0%




100.0%


98.4%
22.3%

Pickup
3500
2012

100.0%
14.8%

85.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
3500
2013

100.0%
16.6%

83.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
3500
2014

100.0%
14.4%

85.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
3500
2015















Pickup
3500
2016















Pickup
3500
2017















Pickup
3500
2018















Pickup
4000
1975
0.7%
99.3%
33.1%
66.9%



100.0%







Pickup
4000
1976
1.0%
99.0%
33.8%
66.2%



100.0%







Pickup
4000
1977
1.2%
98.8%
30.6%
69.4%



100.0%







Pickup
4000
1978
1.1%
98.9%
30.5%
69.5%



99.3%



0.7%



Pickup
4000
1979
6.3%
93.7%
33.8%
61.5%
4.8%


100.0%







Pickup
4000
1980
5.6%
94.4%
51.5%
31.1%
17.4%


100.0%







Pickup
4000
1981
7.3%
92.7%
44.3%
20.5%
35.1%


100.0%







Pickup
4000
1982
9.4%
90.6%
32.9%
38.7%
28.4%


100.0%







Pickup
4000
1983
4.8%
95.2%
27.0%
23.6%
49.0%

0.4%
99.8%



0.2%



Pickup
4000
1984
6.3%
93.7%
34.2%
25.9%
39.9%


100.0%



0.0%



Pickup
4000
1985
7.8%
92.2%
26.7%
41.3%
32.0%


86.2%

13.8%
0.0%




Pickup
4000
1986
13.5%
86.5%
36.8%
29.7%
33.5%


61.0%

28.0%
11.0%




Pickup
4000
1987
17.6%
82.3%
40.2%
24.2%
35.5%


33.5%

48.8%
17.6%




Pickup
4000
1988
18.0%
81.9%
43.2%
16.7%
40.1%


0.0%

39.6%
60.4%




Pickup
4000
1989
37.0%
63.0%
39.8%
5.4%
54.8%




28.4%
71.6%




Pickup
4000
1990
27.6%
72.4%
36.9%
5.3%
57.8%




31.6%
68.4%




Pickup
4000
1991
40.0%
60.0%
42.4%
0.0%
57.6%




36.0%
64.0%




Pickup
4000
1992
32.0%
68.0%
37.3%

62.7%




54.4%
45.6%




Pickup
4000
1993
42.3%
57.7%
38.0%

62.0%




68.8%
31.2%




Pickup
4000
1994
43.7%
56.3%
38.4%

61.6%




66.0%
34.0%

8.4%


Pickup
4000
1995
53.8%
46.2%
38.4%

61.6%




77.2%
22.8%

17.0%


Pickup
4000
1996
44.0%
56.0%
31.7%

68.3%




100.0%


22.4%


Pickup
4000
1997
26.0%
74.0%
31.3%

68.7%




100.0%


10.9%


Pickup
4000
1998
42.1%
57.9%
35.5%

64.5%




100.0%


15.5%


Pickup
4000
1999
52.4%
47.6%
26.1%

73.9%




100.0%


16.0%


Pickup
4000
2000
45.0%
55.0%
21.0%

79.0%




100.0%


13.6%


Pickup
4000
2001
43.1%
56.9%
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


21.5%


Pickup
4000
2002
38.1%
61.9%
19.7%

80.3%




100.0%


40.0%


Pickup
4000
2003
36.3%
63.7%
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%


34.5%


Pickup
4000
2004
41.3%
58.7%
16.3%

83.7%




100.0%


53.4%
20.3%

Pickup
4000
2005
35.2%
64.8%
17.1%

82.9%




100.0%


77.9%
72.5%

Pickup
4000
2006
29.8%
70.2%
17.1%

82.9%




100.0%


82.7%
80.5%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-112
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
4000
2007
209
0.014
22.8
15.7
20.6
18.2
560.2
429.2
488.8


212
199
9.4
0.941
0.0498
36.6



Pickup
4000
2008
186
0.013
23.2
16.0
20.8
18.5
550.8
423.6
481.6
50.5

213
199
9.5
0.938
0.0498
37.1



Pickup
4000
2009
97
0.010
24.2
16.7
21.6
19.2
527.2
408.3
463.0
51.4

209
202
9.1
0.974
0.0506
38.7



Pickup
4000
2010
97
0.009
23.9
16.6
21.3
19.0
531.6
412.4
467.9
52.1

213
205
9.2
0.965
0.0512
38.3



Pickup
4000
2011
128
0.011
23.5
16.4
20.9
18.7
537.9
420.5
475.8
52.8

218
202
9.2
0.933
0.0505
37.7



Pickup
4000
2012
92
0.007
25.8
17.8
22.5
20.2
498.7
393.9
440.4
53.3

198
198
9.6
1.000
0.0495
40.5



Pickup
4000
2013
89
0.006
25.9
18.0
22.2
20.2
493.0
399.5
441.0
54.1

194
190
9.8
0.976
0.0474
40.4



Pickup
4000
2014
72
0.005
25.9
18.0
22.2
20.2
493.4
399.2
440.9
54.9

192
187
9.9
0.977
0.0468
40.4



Pickup
4000
2015
123
0.007
26.4
18.2
22.8
20.6
486.0
387.5
431.8
55.6

190
193
9.6
1.026
0.0483
41.3



Pickup
4000
2016
76
0.005
27.5
18.9
24.4
21.7
469.0
363.2
410.2
55.8

163
190
9.6
1.157
0.0475
43.5



Pickup
4000
2017
63
0.004
27.0
18.7
23.8
21.3
474.2
372.5
417.8
55.4

162
179
9.9
1.099
0.0448
42.7



Pickup
4000
2018

0.004
27.9
19.3
24.2
21.8
460.3
365.6
407.4
57.7

165
190
9.5
1.145
0.0475
43.7



Pickup
4500
1975
180
0.018
11.8
9.6
10.6
10.0
923.3
829.7
890.4


366
166

0.451
0.0369
22.6



Pickup
4500
1976
375
0.030
12.6
10.3
11.3
10.7
860.6
774.9
827.8


365
161

0.439
0.0358
24.3



Pickup
4500
1977
539
0.038
13.7
11.2
12.2
11.6
789.7
720.2
765.1


369
169

0.459
0.0377
26.3



Pickup
4500
1978
578
0.040
13.6
11.2
12.1
11.5
791.6
729.9
772.0


361
163
12.9
0.453
0.0363
26.3



Pickup
4500
1979
631
0.045
14.2
11.8
12.7
12.2
741.9
685.6
730.7


320
146
14.7
0.459
0.0323
27.9



Pickup
4500
1980
247
0.022
15.7
12.6
14.3
13.3
699.9
616.4
669.5


323
147
14.9
0.456
0.0326
30.3



Pickup
4500
1981
210
0.020
16.8
13.4
15.5
14.3
656.4
566.1
622.5


314
147
14.9
0.472
0.0327
32.6



Pickup
4500
1982
193
0.020
17.1
13.7
15.7
14.5
640.7
556.3
612.0


311
156
15.2
0.504
0.0347
33.2



Pickup
4500
1983
247
0.024
17.0
13.5
15.8
14.5
648.8
555.3
615.4


310
151
14.2
0.488
0.0335
33.0



Pickup
4500
1984
385
0.027
16.8
13.4
15.6
14.3
656.6
560.4
620.6


310
150
14.2
0.483
0.0333
32.6



Pickup
4500
1985
428
0.030
16.8
13.4
15.5
14.3
658.4
564.5
623.1


310
159
13.5
0.513
0.0354
32.4



Pickup
4500
1986
439
0.029
17.4
13.8
16.1
14.8
639.6
544.3
601.1


307
155
13.1
0.503
0.0344
33.5



Pickup
4500
1987
353
0.024
17.2
13.5
16.0
14.6
655.7
548.3
610.6


316
168
12.6
0.531
0.0374
33.0



Pickup
4500
1988
596
0.039
17.8
13.7
16.9
15.0
648.1
521.2
592.1


322
174
12.3
0.539
0.0387
33.9



Pickup
4500
1989
641
0.044
17.8
13.6
16.9
15.0
650.6
521.5
592.5


320
174
11.8
0.542
0.0388
33.9



Pickup
4500
1990
507
0.040
18.0
13.6
17.2
15.1
649.7
510.4
588.7


318
172
11.2
0.536
0.0381
34.3



Pickup
4500
1991
435
0.035
18.1
13.5
17.5
15.2
652.0
504.9
584.2


315
176
11.1
0.555
0.0390
34.5



Pickup
4500
1992
513
0.042
18.4
13.6
17.8
15.4
649.3
497.2
576.3


310
171
11.0
0.550
0.0380
34.8



Pickup
4500
1993
614
0.046
19.0
13.9
18.4
15.8
635.6
481.4
560.8


306
177
10.1
0.579
0.0394
35.8


0.0%
Pickup
4500
1994
684
0.048
18.7
13.7
18.0
15.6
646.7
492.2
570.8


311
186
9.8
0.600
0.0414
35.2



Pickup
4500
1995
744
0.049
18.6
13.5
17.8
15.4
655.4
497.6
576.9


308
182
10.1
0.593
0.0404
34.8



Pickup
4500
1996
543
0.041
18.9
13.7
17.9
15.6
645.2
493.4
569.1


305
201
10.0
0.660
0.0447
35.3



Pickup
4500
1997
611
0.042
19.8
14.2
18.8
16.3
623.5
470.0
545.2


283
212
9.6
0.753
0.0472
36.8



Pickup
4500
1998
585
0.040
19.8
14.2
18.8
16.3
625.6
470.2
545.0


289
217
9.8
0.752
0.0481
36.8



Pickup
4500
1999
624
0.041
19.9
14.2
18.6
16.2
624.9
475.5
546.9


287
224
9.6
0.780
0.0497
36.7



Pickup
4500
2000
766
0.046
20.0
14.3
18.6
16.3
621.5
477.3
544.7


281
224
9.2
0.798
0.0498
36.8



Pickup
4500
2001
518
0.033
20.0
14.1
18.4
16.2
626.7
480.7
548.3


264
210
9.4
0.796
0.0468
36.6



Pickup
4500
2002
556
0.034
19.8
14.0
18.2
16.0
634.6
487.2
554.2


262
213
9.5
0.811
0.0473
36.1



Pickup
4500
2003
511
0.032
20.2
14.2
18.5
16.3
624.7
479.8
544.6


261
212
9.4
0.814
0.0472
36.8



Pickup
4500
2004
350
0.022
20.5
14.3
18.8
16.5
622.1
472.1
538.4


257
215
9.4
0.841
0.0478
37.2



Pickup
4500
2005
374
0.024
20.8
14.3
19.2
16.7
619.9
462.2
530.8


247
227
9.0
0.924
0.0505
37.7



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-113
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
4000
2007
27.6%
72.4%
14.2%

85.8%




100.0%


65.9%
53.6%

Pickup
4000
2008
31.3%
68.7%
13.9%

86.1%




100.0%


63.5%
44.0%

Pickup
4000
2009
25.5%
74.5%
22.1%

77.9%




100.0%


81.3%
52.7%

Pickup
4000
2010
24.1%
75.9%
16.2%

83.8%




100.0%


75.7%
76.3%

Pickup
4000
2011
35.7%
64.3%
11.2%

88.8%




100.0%


59.8%
60.2%

Pickup
4000
2012
18.7%
81.3%
10.2%

89.8%




100.0%


99.6%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2013
14.5%
85.5%
10.1%

89.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2014
14.5%
85.5%
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2015
7.6%
92.4%
7.1%

92.9%



14.4%
85.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2016

100.0%
6.0%

94.0%



44.1%
55.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2017

100.0%
4.3%

95.7%



29.0%
71.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4000
2018

100.0%
8.0%

92.0%



32.8%
67.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4500
1975
55.4%
44.6%
51.3%
48.7%



100.0%







Pickup
4500
1976
64.5%
35.5%
45.2%
54.8%



100.0%







Pickup
4500
1977
58.2%
41.8%
31.0%
69.0%



100.0%







Pickup
4500
1978
68.5%
31.5%
31.7%
68.3%



96.5%



3.5%



Pickup
4500
1979
16.4%
83.6%
25.6%
74.4%



99.7%



0.3%



Pickup
4500
1980
30.9%
69.1%
32.0%
23.5%
44.4%


97.4%



2.6%



Pickup
4500
1981
25.2%
74.8%
18.6%
21.1%
60.3%


98.2%



1.8%



Pickup
4500
1982
20.0%
80.0%
15.7%
20.1%
64.1%


99.2%



0.8%



Pickup
4500
1983
34.0%
66.0%
21.4%
21.6%
55.4%

1.7%
99.1%



0.9%



Pickup
4500
1984
34.6%
65.4%
18.6%
23.0%
58.4%


99.6%



0.4%



Pickup
4500
1985
33.6%
66.4%
16.9%
18.2%
64.9%


92.0%

CO
o

0.0%



Pickup
4500
1986
36.8%
63.2%
19.9%
13.9%
66.3%


77.7%

22.3%

0.0%



Pickup
4500
1987
35.5%
64.5%
21.6%
32.7%
45.7%


12.7%

41.5%
45.8%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1988
38.3%
61.7%
20.3%
18.0%
61.7%


0.5%

35.5%
63.9%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1989
37.7%
62.3%
32.4%
9.4%
58.1%




45.1%
54.7%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1990
34.2%
65.8%
25.5%
8.0%
66.5%




51.7%
48.2%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1991
28.6%
71.4%
23.7%
1.0%
75.3%




48.0%
51.9%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1992
21.1%
78.9%
27.9%
0.1%
72.0%




59.3%
40.6%
0.1%



Pickup
4500
1993
16.9%
83.1%
19.5%

80.5%




55.4%
44.6%




Pickup
4500
1994
14.5%
85.5%
17.3%

82.7%




59.9%
40.1%




Pickup
4500
1995
18.4%
81.6%
26.6%

73.4%




58.9%
41.1%

0.7%


Pickup
4500
1996
11.9%
88.1%
19.0%

81.0%




100.0%


1.4%


Pickup
4500
1997
16.3%
83.7%
12.5%

87.5%




100.0%


1.2%


Pickup
4500
1998
9.6%
90.4%
11.4%

88.6%




100.0%


0.6%


Pickup
4500
1999
18.1%
81.9%
9.4%

90.6%




100.0%





Pickup
4500
2000
17.7%
82.3%
10.3%

89.7%




100.0%


7.3%


Pickup
4500
2001
16.0%
84.0%
11.0%

89.0%




100.0%


9.1%


Pickup
4500
2002
27.1%
72.9%
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


15.4%


Pickup
4500
2003
27.6%
72.4%
12.5%

87.5%




100.0%


12.2%


Pickup
4500
2004
31.9%
68.1%
10.9%

89.1%




100.0%


9.1%
6.0%

Pickup
4500
2005
35.7%
64.3%
7.6%

92.4%




100.0%


38.1%
38.1%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-114
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
4500
2006
368
0.024
21.3
14.6
19.5
17.1
607.9
454.5
521.0


240
233
8.9
0.980
0.0518
38.4



Pickup
4500
2007
252
0.017
21.4
14.7
19.5
17.1
604.1
454.5
519.3


237
233
9.0
0.993
0.0517
38.5



Pickup
4500
2008
201
0.014
21.5
14.8
19.7
17.3
600.1
449.8
515.0
58.4

234
230
9.1
0.990
0.0511
38.9



Pickup
4500
2009
105
0.011
22.1
15.2
20.1
17.7
582.8
441.5
502.9
54.9

238
239
8.7
1.008
0.0531
39.8



Pickup
4500
2010
121
0.011
22.0
15.1
20.1
17.6
587.5
442.4
505.6
55.0

239
242
8.7
1.016
0.0538
39.6



Pickup
4500
2011
151
0.013
21.9
15.1
20.0
17.6
586.6
442.7
505.5
57.2

240
240
CO
CO
1.003
0.0532
39.6



Pickup
4500
2012
157
0.012
22.3
15.4
20.3
17.8
576.3
438.0
498.4
55.2

243
247
8.6
1.020
0.0549
40.2



Pickup
4500
2013
130
0.009
22.9
15.8
20.8
18.3
561.3
426.5
485.1
56.5

244
240
8.7
0.987
0.0533
41.3



Pickup
4500
2014
130
0.008
23.5
16.1
21.4
18.7
551.0
414.2
474.2
56.2

244
252
8.4
1.031
0.0559
42.3



Pickup
4500
2015
264
0.016
24.5
16.7
22.3
19.5
529.3
395.5
455.2
58.2

229
267
8.1
1.188
0.0594
44.1



Pickup
4500
2016
456
0.028
25.7
17.6
23.3
20.4
504.0
381.1
435.3
57.7

216
281
7.8
1.308
0.0624
46.1



Pickup
4500
2017
498
0.029
25.9
17.7
23.3
20.5
499.7
381.2
433.4
57.5

213
278
7.8
1.310
0.0618
46.2


2.1%
Pickup
4500
2018

0.032
25.7
17.5
23.2
20.4
505.7
381.7
437.1
57.8

216
286
7.6
1.340
0.0636
46.0


1.4%
Pickup
5000
1975
122
0.012
11.0
9.0
9.7
9.3
978.2
906.8
955.0


371
165

0.443
0.0331
23.4



Pickup
5000
1976
188
0.015
11.7
9.6
10.3
9.9
921.3
857.5
896.1


367
159

0.430
0.0318
24.9



Pickup
5000
1977
172
0.012
12.9
10.6
11.4
11.0
827.6
776.2
810.5


378
167

0.440
0.0334
27.5



Pickup
5000
1978
198
0.014
12.8
10.5
11.3
10.8
843.5
784.8
820.3


370
171
13.5
0.462
0.0341
27.2



Pickup
5000
1979
404
0.029
12.9
10.8
11.2
11.0
816.2
780.4
820.6


372
158
15.1
0.419
0.0315
28.5



Pickup
5000
1980
147
0.013
15.9
12.7
14.6
13.5
705.4
611.2
678.0


351
153
15.5
0.436
0.0306
35.2



Pickup
5000
1981
53
0.005
16.9
13.5
15.6
14.4
672.8
576.6
641.7


333
141
16.2
0.425
0.0282
37.2



Pickup
5000
1982
97
0.010
18.9
15.0
17.5
16.0
620.3
529.0
591.4


336
140
17.0
0.420
0.0280
41.8



Pickup
5000
1983
69
0.007
18.0
14.1
17.1
15.3
636.1
521.2
597.7


334
150
14.9
0.458
0.0301
39.7



Pickup
5000
1984
85
0.006
17.4
13.6
16.6
14.8
654.7
534.5
609.1


322
155
14.5
0.487
0.0311
37.9



Pickup
5000
1985
92
0.006
16.3
12.7
15.7
13.9
693.0
561.2
642.8


322
162
14.0
0.505
0.0324
35.5



Pickup
5000
1986
93
0.006
16.3
12.7
15.6
13.8
696.7
564.3
644.5


321
162
13.5
0.507
0.0324
35.1



Pickup
5000
1987
74
0.005
16.0
12.5
15.0
13.6
705.4
589.3
657.0


332
183
12.7
0.550
0.0366
34.2



Pickup
5000
1988
165
0.011
16.4
12.6
15.7
13.9
703.4
561.9
641.9


342
193
12.3
0.565
0.0387
35.0



Pickup
5000
1989
129
0.009
16.0
12.4
15.0
13.5
715.7
583.6
660.4


323
187
12.1
0.588
0.0373
34.0



Pickup
5000
1990
223
0.018
16.4
12.4
15.9
13.8
716.0
553.0
642.8


337
198
10.9
0.591
0.0397
34.9



Pickup
5000
1991
138
0.011
16.2
12.2
15.4
13.5
728.4
573.2
656.6


333
198
11.0
0.598
0.0396
34.1



Pickup
5000
1992
235
0.019
16.7
12.4
16.2
14.0
714.6
545.2
634.4


330
189
11.2
0.571
0.0377
35.2



Pickup
5000
1993
258
0.020
16.9
12.5
16.3
14.1
709.8
543.3
629.2


333
199
10.0
0.599
0.0399
35.4



Pickup
5000
1994
414
0.029
17.0
12.5
16.2
14.1
710.6
546.7
629.1


336
202
9.9
0.601
0.0404
35.4



Pickup
5000
1995
453
0.030
16.8
12.3
16.1
14.0
721.4
549.9
635.5


337
202
10.1
0.601
0.0405
35.1



Pickup
5000
1996
390
0.030
17.3
12.5
16.7
14.4
706.9
531.3
617.8


334
225
9.9
0.675
0.0451
36.1



Pickup
5000
1997
573
0.040
18.2
13.1
17.4
15.0
675.9
510.2
590.7


319
229
9.8
0.722
0.0459
37.7



Pickup
5000
1998
524
0.036
17.6
12.6
17.0
14.6
706.9
522.5
610.1


327
236
9.9
0.724
0.0473
36.5



Pickup
5000
1999
628
0.041
18.1
13.0
17.0
14.9
681.5
522.7
597.9


322
245
9.7
0.763
0.0491
37.2



Pickup
5000
2000
707
0.043
18.4
13.2
17.0
15.0
671.0
522.2
591.5


317
252
9.1
0.797
0.0504
37.6



Pickup
5000
2001
929
0.060
18.6
13.2
17.3
15.1
671.5
513.4
587.4


314
255
CO
CO
0.813
0.0509
38.0



Pickup
5000
2002
780
0.048
18.7
13.2
17.1
15.1
670.5
516.8
587.0


305
261
8.9
0.854
0.0521
37.9



Pickup
5000
2003
870
0.055
18.9
13.3
17.2
15.3
665.3
514.8
582.7


305
259
CO
CO
0.852
0.0518
38.2



Pickup
5000
2004
707
0.045
19.2
13.4
17.4
15.4
658.6
510.8
576.8


311
269
8.7
0.862
0.0537
38.6



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-115
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
4500
2006
48.2%
51.8%
7.0%

93.0%




100.0%


61.1%
61.1%

Pickup
4500
2007
52.3%
47.7%
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


56.2%
47.4%

Pickup
4500
2008
57.6%
42.4%
9.1%

90.9%




100.0%


59.4%
50.9%

Pickup
4500
2009
77.2%
22.8%
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


84.1%
39.3%

Pickup
4500
2010
76.0%
24.0%
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


85.5%
86.8%

Pickup
4500
2011
72.3%
27.7%
4.3%

95.7%




100.0%


79.3%
80.5%

Pickup
4500
2012
71.2%
28.8%
4.7%

95.3%




100.0%


92.2%
93.5%

Pickup
4500
2013
70.3%
29.7%
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


90.9%
90.9%

Pickup
4500
2014
63.8%
36.2%
3.7%

96.3%



11.7%
88.3%


88.3%
100.0%

Pickup
4500
2015
62.0%
38.0%
2.9%

97.1%



35.0%
65.0%


97.3%
100.0%

Pickup
4500
2016
53.1%
46.9%
1.9%

98.1%



36.9%
62.7%

0.3%
98.6%
98.6%

Pickup
4500
2017
61.1%
36.8%
3.0%

97.0%



31.0%
68.7%

0.2%
98.9%
99.3%

Pickup
4500
2018
55.4%
43.2%
1.2%

98.8%



31.7%
66.9%

1.4%
99.1%
97.9%

Pickup
5000
1975
26.4%
73.6%
27.9%
72.1%



100.0%







Pickup
5000
1976
26.9%
73.1%
28.8%
71.2%



100.0%







Pickup
5000
1977
23.5%
76.5%
24.6%
75.4%



100.0%







Pickup
5000
1978
36.6%
63.4%
32.8%
67.2%



100.0%



0.0%



Pickup
5000
1979
8.3%
91.7%
18.5%
81.5%



87.0%



13.0%



Pickup
5000
1980
53.2%
46.8%
21.5%
13.2%
65.3%


71.2%



28.8%



Pickup
5000
1981
55.4%
44.6%
31.1%
11.7%
57.2%


67.1%



32.9%



Pickup
5000
1982
43.4%
56.6%
26.2%
8.7%
65.1%


44.0%



56.0%



Pickup
5000
1983
65.2%
34.8%
23.9%
8.3%
66.1%

1.7%
73.6%



26.4%



Pickup
5000
1984
74.8%
25.2%
26.8%
4.8%
68.4%


85.3%



14.7%



Pickup
5000
1985
85.9%
14.1%
28.0%
10.8%
61.2%


93.2%



6.8%



Pickup
5000
1986
89.6%
10.4%
22.2%
13.8%
64.0%


92.0%

4.2%

3.8%



Pickup
5000
1987
95.4%
4.6%
31.5%
21.5%
47.0%


18.9%

20.5%
58.7%
2.0%



Pickup
5000
1988
74.8%
25.2%
17.8%
20.8%
61.4%


1.3%

25.5%
71.2%
2.1%



Pickup
5000
1989
78.9%
21.1%
27.4%
15.7%
56.9%




43.5%
55.1%
1.4%



Pickup
5000
1990
65.5%
34.5%
13.4%
3.9%
82.7%




23.9%
75.3%
0.8%



Pickup
5000
1991
86.9%
13.1%
17.5%
4.3%
78.2%




31.2%
67.9%
0.9%



Pickup
5000
1992
78.2%
21.8%
14.7%
0.2%
85.1%




43.8%
55.8%
0.4%



Pickup
5000
1993
86.6%
13.4%
13.7%

86.3%




38.8%
61.2%




Pickup
5000
1994
87.0%
13.0%
10.0%

90.0%




45.0%
55.0%




Pickup
5000
1995
83.9%
16.1%
11.0%

89.0%




52.3%
47.7%




Pickup
5000
1996
70.7%
29.3%
7.8%

92.1%

0.0%


99.8%

0.2%



Pickup
5000
1997
60.1%
39.9%
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%

0.0%



Pickup
5000
1998
75.5%
24.5%
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%

0.0%



Pickup
5000
1999
73.5%
26.5%
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%





Pickup
5000
2000
78.9%
21.1%
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


8.9%


Pickup
5000
2001
46.9%
53.1%
1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


4.1%


Pickup
5000
2002
51.3%
48.7%
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


5.5%


Pickup
5000
2003
49.6%
50.4%
1.5%

98.5%




100.0%


4.7%


Pickup
5000
2004
46.5%
53.5%
1.4%

98.6%




100.0%


9.1%
0.3%
0.0%
s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-116
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
5000
2005
679
0.043
19.4
13.4
17.8
15.6
663.2
497.3
569.8


304
272
8.5
0.892
0.0545
39.1



Pickup
5000
2006
608
0.040
19.9
13.8
18.1
16.0
641.6
489.4
555.9


297
265
8.7
0.891
0.0530
40.0



Pickup
5000
2007
444
0.029
20.0
13.7
18.5
16.1
647.5
479.1
552.6


282
245
9.3
0.866
0.0489
40.3



Pickup
5000
2008
257
0.019
20.3
14.0
18.7
16.3
634.7
473.6
543.6
65.4

270
233
9.7
0.862
0.0466
40.9



Pickup
5000
2009
98
0.011
20.8
14.3
19.1
16.7
621.2
465.0
532.9
65.5

275
244
9.2
0.885
0.0488
41.7



Pickup
5000
2010
110
0.010
20.9
14.3
19.4
16.8
620.3
458.3
529.0
63.3

271
247
9.2
0.912
0.0495
42.1



Pickup
5000
2011
106
0.009
21.4
14.7
19.9
17.2
603.6
445.4
515.6
65.4

271
271
8.7
1.002
0.0541
43.3



Pickup
5000
2012
126
0.009
21.5
14.7
20.0
17.3
602.0
443.7
513.5
61.6

274
288
8.3
1.053
0.0575
43.4



Pickup
5000
2013
156
0.010
22.3
15.2
20.7
17.9
580.0
425.8
495.6
62.2

262
289
8.2
1.108
0.0577
45.1



Pickup
5000
2014
204
0.013
23.9
16.3
22.2
19.2
543.1
398.4
463.6
63.7

264
300
7.8
1.143
0.0599
48.2



Pickup
5000
2015
488
0.029
23.7
16.1
21.8
19.0
547.0
404.9
468.7
67.4

242
349
7.0
1.507
0.0697
47.7



Pickup
5000
2016
521
0.032
23.8
16.2
21.9
19.0
545.9
404.4
468.2
67.5

237
344
7.1
1.520
0.0688
47.9



Pickup
5000
2017
460
0.027
24.5
16.6
22.6
19.6
533.5
392.2
455.6
67.0

237
345
6.9
1.523
0.0690
49.2



Pickup
5000
2018

0.038
25.3
17.1
23.1
20.1
517.4
384.8
444.1
67.0

229
366
6.3
1.696
0.0733
50.5



Pickup
5500
1975
53
0.005
10.0
8.3
8.7
8.5
1067.0
1017.3
1051.4


374
171

0.452
0.0310
23.4



Pickup
5500
1976
102
0.008
11.4
9.3
10.2
9.7
954.0
862.6
918.5


383
171

0.443
0.0311
26.8



Pickup
5500
1977
91
0.006
11.8
9.7
10.4
10.0
905.2
842.7
887.3


396
183

0.458
0.0333
27.8



Pickup
5500
1978
120
0.008
12.1
10.0
10.8
10.3
890.7
822.5
862.5


377
172
14.6
0.457
0.0312
28.4



Pickup
5500
1979
83
0.006
11.3
9.5
9.8
9.6
928.3
889.6
925.3


401
192
13.7
0.473
0.0348
26.8



Pickup
5500
1980
14
0.001
13.3
10.7
12.2
11.3
829.9
721.9
786.4


353
165
15.3
0.467
0.0299
31.3



Pickup
5500
1981
2
0.000
13.3
10.5
12.4
11.3
842.6
713.4
786.6


351
143
16.5
0.407
0.0260
31.1



Pickup
5500
1982
17
0.002
22.4
17.5
21.3
19.1
579.9
478.0
534.2


350
130
18.8
0.371
0.0236
52.4



Pickup
5500
1983
10
0.001
22.1
17.3
21.2
18.9
586.7
481.3
539.4


379
130
17.2
0.343
0.0236
51.9



Pickup
5500
1984
8
0.001
21.9
17.3
20.5
18.6
586.4
497.6
546.7


379
130
17.1
0.343
0.0236
51.2



Pickup
5500
1985
5
0.000
21.1
16.5
20.2
18.0
615.4
504.5
566.2


379
130
16.8
0.343
0.0236
49.5



Pickup
5500
1986
3
0.000
21.1
16.4
20.1
17.9
618.9
506.8
568.4


379
130
16.1
0.343
0.0236
49.3



Pickup
5500
1987
1
0.000
21.1
16.3
20.1
17.9
624.7
505.4
570.2


379
130
16.3
0.343
0.0236
49.1



Pickup
5500
1988
1
0.000
16.9
13.4
15.2
14.2
689.9
594.2
657.7


363
178
13.7
0.495
0.0324
40.7



Pickup
5500
1989
1
0.000
19.2
14.8
17.9
16.1
651.2
533.0
599.9


370
153
14.8
0.417
0.0278
45.4



Pickup
5500
1990
1
0.000
18.6
14.3
17.2
15.6
672.6
548.2
620.8


370
159
13.4
0.434
0.0289
44.1



Pickup
5500
1991
3
0.000
17.5
13.2
16.7
14.7
706.4
551.5
639.2


364
176
12.8
0.489
0.0321
41.7



Pickup
5500
1992
9
0.001
16.3
12.2
15.6
13.7
736.5
574.1
659.8


353
200
11.2
0.570
0.0364
38.1



Pickup
5500
1993
9
0.001
17.0
12.6
16.3
14.2
701.1
539.0
626.4


352
199
10.7
0.569
0.0363
39.4



Pickup
5500
1994
21
0.001
16.9
12.5
15.9
14.1
701.5
553.4
632.3


364
205
10.3
0.568
0.0373
39.0



Pickup
5500
1995
29
0.002
15.9
11.6
15.2
13.2
758.2
583.4
673.8


358
215
10.3
0.605
0.0392
36.5



Pickup
5500
1996
65
0.005
15.3
11.0
15.0
12.8
805.3
595.2
698.6


345
225
10.5
0.655
0.0410
35.3



Pickup
5500
1997
275
0.019
17.0
12.1
16.6
14.1
730.2
534.9
629.4


347
240
10.0
0.693
0.0437
38.9



Pickup
5500
1998
112
0.008
16.4
11.7
16.0
13.6
762.4
553.8
652.4


330
226
10.7
0.684
0.0410
37.5



Pickup
5500
1999
130
0.009
16.3
11.5
15.9
13.5
772.6
559.9
659.4


344
242
10.2
0.705
0.0441
37.1



Pickup
5500
2000
71
0.004
16.3
11.3
15.9
13.4
782.1
557.5
661.6


347
245
9.7
0.706
0.0445
37.0



Pickup
5500
2001
258
0.017
16.3
11.5
15.5
13.4
768.8
572.4
664.0


340
251
9.4
0.740
0.0456
36.9



Pickup
5500
2002
279
0.017
17.0
11.9
16.0
13.9
740.2
552.8
639.4


322
255
9.5
0.795
0.0464
38.4



Pickup
5500
2003
270
0.017
17.2
12.1
15.9
13.9
735.0
559.3
637.8


319
264
9.1
0.827
0.0479
38.4



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-117
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
5000
2005
33.5%
66.5%
2.3%

97.7%




100.0%


15.0%
15.0%
0.1%
Pickup
5000
2006
28.9%
71.1%
3.8%

96.2%




100.0%


20.2%
20.2%
0.1%
Pickup
5000
2007
17.1%
82.9%
3.2%

96.8%




100.0%


10.3%
20.8%
0.1%
Pickup
5000
2008
16.1%
83.9%
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%


8.3%
1.7%

Pickup
5000
2009
18.3%
81.7%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


10.7%
5.3%

Pickup
5000
2010
26.1%
73.9%
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


17.5%
28.6%

Pickup
5000
2011
27.2%
72.8%


100.0%



0.2%
99.8%


36.2%
62.9%

Pickup
5000
2012
30.8%
69.2%


100.0%



0.6%
99.4%


39.3%
66.0%

Pickup
5000
2013
30.6%
69.4%


100.0%



0.6%
99.4%


57.7%
78.3%

Pickup
5000
2014
24.8%
75.2%


100.0%



45.2%
54.8%


45.3%
100.0%

Pickup
5000
2015
67.0%
33.0%
0.0%

100.0%



62.2%
37.8%


85.1%
71.4%

Pickup
5000
2016
69.3%
30.7%
0.1%

99.9%



58.7%
39.1%

2.2%
88.1%
69.3%

Pickup
5000
2017
68.1%
31.9%
0.1%

99.9%



57.1%
40.4%

2.4%
88.1%
70.0%

Pickup
5000
2018
71.4%
28.6%
0.0%

100.0%



9.6%
87.8%

2.5%
91.7%
73.0%

Pickup
5500
1975
84.9%
15.1%
1.1%
98.9%



100.0%







Pickup
5500
1976
87.1%
12.9%
2.9%
97.1%



100.0%







Pickup
5500
1977
76.0%
24.0%
1.0%
99.0%



100.0%







Pickup
5500
1978
91.0%
9.0%
0.4%
99.6%



100.0%



0.0%



Pickup
5500
1979
3.9%
96.1%
40.8%
59.2%



99.9%



0.1%



Pickup
5500
1980
84.0%
16.0%
44.1%
15.1%
40.9%


100.0%







Pickup
5500
1981
44.3%
55.7%
62.0%
38.0%



100.0%







Pickup
5500
1982
100.0%

16.7%

83.3%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1983
100.0%

10.0%

90.0%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1984
97.0%
3.0%
13.1%

86.9%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1985
83.2%
16.8%
11.9%

88.1%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1986
84.4%
15.6%
14.5%

85.5%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1987
80.0%
20.0%
7.7%

92.3%






100.0%



Pickup
5500
1988
97.8%
2.2%
62.7%

37.3%





54.9%
45.1%



Pickup
5500
1989
100.0%

36.0%

64.0%





31.7%
68.3%



Pickup
5500
1990
94.8%
5.2%
41.0%

59.0%





32.0%
68.0%



Pickup
5500
1991
97.5%
2.5%
8.7%

91.3%





52.2%
47.8%



Pickup
5500
1992
99.6%
0.4%
30.4%
0.4%
69.2%




0.7%
86.5%
12.8%



Pickup
5500
1993
99.9%
0.1%
13.3%

86.7%




16.0%
84.0%




Pickup
5500
1994
95.5%
4.5%
14.9%

85.1%




47.8%
52.2%




Pickup
5500
1995
96.8%
3.2%
9.4%

90.6%




79.9%
20.1%




Pickup
5500
1996
99.1%
0.9%
3.9%

95.3%

0.8%


96.2%

3.8%



Pickup
5500
1997
99.8%
0.2%
0.7%

99.3%




99.8%

0.2%



Pickup
5500
1998
94.7%
5.3%
3.9%

96.1%




99.7%

0.3%



Pickup
5500
1999
93.1%
6.9%
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%





Pickup
5500
2000
86.5%
13.5%
2.3%

97.7%




100.0%





Pickup
5500
2001
97.9%
2.1%
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%





Pickup
5500
2002
73.7%
26.3%
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%





Pickup
5500
2003
65.7%
34.3%
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%





s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-118
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
5500
2004
538
0.034
17.9
12.5
16.5
14.5
707.8
536.3
612.8


316
287
CO
CO
0.901
0.0521
40.0



Pickup
5500
2005
549
0.035
18.3
12.6
16.8
14.7
700.5
526.2
602.9


319
292
8.6
0.913
0.0531
40.6



Pickup
5500
2006
570
0.038
18.7
13.0
17.3
15.1
685.3
514.2
588.4


313
283
CO
CO
0.902
0.0515
41.6



Pickup
5500
2007
688
0.045
19.5
13.5
18.0
15.7
658.6
492.2
564.9


317
297
8.6
0.934
0.0541
43.3



Pickup
5500
2008
707
0.051
20.1
13.7
18.6
16.2
639.7
472.1
549.6
66.2

319
311
8.5
0.974
0.0566
44.9



Pickup
5500
2009
461
0.050
20.4
13.9
19.2
16.5
639.8
461.8
539.0
66.1

317
309
8.1
0.974
0.0561
45.4



Pickup
5500
2010
532
0.048
20.8
14.1
19.7
16.8
627.7
450.0
528.0
66.1

315
313
8.0
0.994
0.0569
46.4



Pickup
5500
2011
697
0.058
21.1
14.4
20.1
17.1
617.0
440.6
518.4
66.6

311
328
7.8
1.064
0.0596
47.3



Pickup
5500
2012
623
0.046
21.0
14.3
20.0
17.0
620.5
443.0
521.6
67.1

316
338
7.6
1.081
0.0615
47.1



Pickup
5500
2013
693
0.046
21.5
14.6
20.4
17.4
608.2
434.0
511.0
67.1

311
342
7.5
1.117
0.0622
48.0



Pickup
5500
2014
858
0.055
23.0
15.6
21.6
18.6
567.7
409.7
479.1
67.6

310
342
7.4
1.116
0.0622
51.2



Pickup
5500
2015
724
0.043
23.2
15.7
21.8
18.7
565.3
406.6
476.0
67.3

323
344
7.4
1.066
0.0625
51.5



Pickup
5500
2016
526
0.032
22.8
15.4
21.4
18.3
574.7
414.6
484.9
67.4

319
346
7.2
1.101
0.0630
50.6



Pickup
5500
2017
550
0.032
22.8
15.4
21.4
18.3
577.0
413.8
485.3
67.3

324
359
7.1
1.116
0.0652
50.5



Pickup
5500
2018

0.027
23.5
15.9
22.1
18.9
559.7
402.9
471.5
67.2

306
353
7.2
1.172
0.0642
52.1



Pickup
6000
1975




















Pickup
6000
1976




















Pickup
6000
1977




















Pickup
6000
1978
0
0.000
12.6
10.4
11.1
10.7
850.1
791.9
829.4


325
154
16.8
0.474
0.0256
32.3



Pickup
6000
1979
7
0.001
10.9
9.0
9.7
9.3
990.9
906.3
957.6


390
153
17.4
0.386
0.0255
27.9



Pickup
6000
1980
0
0.000
9.9
8.1
CO
CO
8.4
1097.2
1008.3
1057.2


350
155
16.9
0.443
0.0258
25.2



Pickup
6000
1981




















Pickup
6000
1982




















Pickup
6000
1983




















Pickup
6000
1984




















Pickup
6000
1985
0
0.000
19.6
16.0
17.5
16.6
638.0
583.2
613.3


379
130
17.3
0.343
0.0217
49.8



Pickup
6000
1986




















Pickup
6000
1987




















Pickup
6000
1988
0
0.000
19.6
16.1
16.7
16.4
631.3
610.5
621.3


379
140
16.2
0.369
0.0233
49.2



Pickup
6000
1989
0
0.000
21.2
17.3
18.0
17.6
589.7
565.7
578.0


379
126
16.8
0.332
0.0210
52.8



Pickup
6000
1990
0
0.000
20.5
16.4
17.8
17.0
621.2
572.6
597.5


379
135
15.0
0.356
0.0225
51.1



Pickup
6000
1991
0
0.000
19.5
15.6
16.7
16.1
652.8
608.8
631.0


379
140
14.8
0.369
0.0233
48.4



Pickup
6000
1992




















Pickup
6000
1993




















Pickup
6000
1994
3
0.000
18.1
13.6
16.7
15.0
652.4
532.5
591.8


395
180
11.7
0.455
0.0299
45.1



Pickup
6000
1995
3
0.000
18.1
13.4
16.9
15.0
662.1
526.1
592.5


395
180
12.0
0.455
0.0300
45.0



Pickup
6000
1996
0
0.000
18.7
13.7
17.4
15.4
743.5
584.3
661.1


395
180
12.9
0.456
0.0300
46.2



Pickup
6000
1997
1
0.000
18.7
13.7
17.3
15.4
742.3
589.7
662.4


395
180
12.8
0.456
0.0300
46.1



Pickup
6000
1998
46
0.003
15.6
10.9
15.6
13.0
814.9
572.5
686.9


359
234
11.0
0.651
0.0389
38.9



Pickup
6000
1999
200
0.013
16.8
12.0
16.1
13.9
741.4
553.5
640.9


350
254
10.4
0.727
0.0424
41.6



Pickup
6000
2000
2
0.000
15.8
10.8
16.0
13.1
820.5
556.7
678.2


352
242
10.2
0.688
0.0404
39.3



Pickup
6000
2001
6
0.000
15.8
10.9
15.8
13.1
815.6
562.9
678.1


343
239
10.1
0.698
0.0398
39.3



Pickup
6000
2002
146
0.009
17.5
12.3
16.3
14.3
718.9
542.5
623.2


329
283
9.3
0.861
0.0472
42.9



Pickup
6000
2003
112
0.007
17.6
12.3
16.5
14.3
720.4
536.3
620.9


329
295
9.0
0.895
0.0491
43.2



Pickup
6000
2004
376
0.024
18.1
12.6
16.6
14.6
703.8
534.6
609.0


324
290
9.2
0.894
0.0484
43.8



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-119
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
5500
2004
43.4%
56.6%
0.8%

99.2%




100.0%


27.5%
21.5%
0.0%
Pickup
5500
2005
60.5%
39.5%
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


33.0%
33.0%
0.1%
Pickup
5500
2006
56.6%
43.4%
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


33.4%
33.4%
0.3%
Pickup
5500
2007
48.5%
51.5%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


23.7%
23.7%
0.0%
Pickup
5500
2008
46.9%
53.1%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


18.5%
18.6%

Pickup
5500
2009
46.1%
53.9%


100.0%




100.0%


15.5%
17.4%

Pickup
5500
2010
44.3%
55.7%


100.0%




100.0%


32.6%
77.5%

Pickup
5500
2011
55.4%
44.6%


100.0%



3.9%
96.1%


21.6%
94.6%

Pickup
5500
2012
57.1%
42.9%


100.0%



4.2%
95.8%


22.3%
96.8%

Pickup
5500
2013
52.4%
47.6%


100.0%



5.9%
94.1%


29.6%
98.6%

Pickup
5500
2014
55.8%
44.2%


100.0%



63.4%
36.6%


23.5%
99.9%

Pickup
5500
2015
72.6%
27.4%


100.0%



70.6%
29.2%

0.2%
5.8%
99.8%

Pickup
5500
2016
69.2%
30.8%


100.0%



48.9%
50.9%

0.2%
14.9%
99.2%
0.1%
Pickup
5500
2017
66.3%
33.7%


100.0%



46.4%
53.6%

0.0%
11.4%
99.6%
0.3%
Pickup
5500
2018
58.6%
41.4%


100.0%



57.3%
40.6%

2.2%
21.8%
97.2%
0.4%
Pickup
6000
1975















Pickup
6000
1976















Pickup
6000
1977















Pickup
6000
1978
3.7%
96.3%
77.6%
22.4%



100.0%







Pickup
6000
1979
62.2%
37.8%

100.0%



100.0%







Pickup
6000
1980

100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Pickup
6000
1981















Pickup
6000
1982















Pickup
6000
1983















Pickup
6000
1984















Pickup
6000
1985
100.0%

100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
6000
1986















Pickup
6000
1987















Pickup
6000
1988
100.0%

100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
6000
1989
100.0%

100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
6000
1990
100.0%

100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
6000
1991
100.0%

100.0%








100.0%



Pickup
6000
1992















Pickup
6000
1993















Pickup
6000
1994
100.0%

1.0%

99.0%




100.0%





Pickup
6000
1995
100.0%

0.5%

99.5%




100.0%





Pickup
6000
1996
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Pickup
6000
1997
100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Pickup
6000
1998
100.0%

0.5%

99.5%




98.4%

1.6%



Pickup
6000
1999
100.0%

0.1%

99.9%




100.0%

0.0%



Pickup
6000
2000
100.0%

3.0%

97.0%




100.0%





Pickup
6000
2001
100.0%

17.0%

83.0%




100.0%





Pickup
6000
2002
71.4%
28.6%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


2.3%


Pickup
6000
2003
69.3%
30.7%
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%





Pickup
6000
2004
87.8%
12.2%
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


63.9%
63.9%

s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-120
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
6000
2005
311
0.020
18.0
12.5
16.4
14.5
709.3
539.3
613.6


325
294
9.1
0.901
0.0490
43.5



Pickup
6000
2006
260
0.017
17.6
12.3
16.1
14.2
722.8
550.4
625.4


329
298
9.0
0.906
0.0497
42.7



Pickup
6000
2007
430
0.028
18.5
12.8
17.2
15.0
693.5
515.1
594.1


333
325
8.5
0.974
0.0541
45.0



Pickup
6000
2008
355
0.026
18.7
12.8
17.4
15.1
692.4
509.4
589.6
67.5

334
334
8.5
0.999
0.0557
45.3



Pickup
6000
2009
174
0.019
19.2
13.2
17.8
15.5
669.2
498.2
573.4
66.5

328
320
8.2
0.973
0.0533
46.6



Pickup
6000
2010
364
0.033
19.5
13.4
18.0
15.7
661.5
492.8
566.3
67.8

326
324
8.2
0.991
0.0539
47.1



Pickup
6000
2011
317
0.026
20.3
14.0
18.8
16.4
632.6
469.5
542.2
68.1

290
358
7.7
1.278
0.0597
49.4



Pickup
6000
2012
323
0.024
20.4
14.0
19.0
16.5
630.7
465.8
539.0
68.4

283
359
7.6
1.321
0.0599
49.7



Pickup
6000
2013
476
0.031
20.9
14.3
19.5
16.9
618.4
453.2
525.7
68.5

272
372
7.4
1.416
0.0621
50.9



Pickup
6000
2014
632
0.041
20.9
14.3
19.5
16.9
619.1
452.7
527.1
68.5

299
368
7.4
1.274
0.0614
50.9



Pickup
6000
2015
187
0.011
21.2
14.5
19.7
17.1
616.0
452.8
529.6
68.6

318
351
7.8
1.115
0.0586
52.4



Pickup
6000
2016
328
0.020
21.6
14.8
20.0
17.4
602.9
442.5
516.4
66.9

320
349
7.7
1.095
0.0581
52.8



Pickup
6000
2017
482
0.028
21.6
14.8
20.0
17.4
600.1
440.2
513.0
68.5

328
368
7.4
1.135
0.0613
52.6



Pickup
6000
2018

0.031
21.9
15.0
20.1
17.6
592.6
440.9
509.6
68.0

322
371
7.3
1.175
0.0619
53.2



Pickup
6500
1975




















Pickup
6500
1976




















Pickup
6500
1977




















Pickup
6500
1978
0
0.000
11.8
9.7
10.4
10.0
911.2
853.2
887.3


322
153
18.3
0.475
0.0235
32.6



Pickup
6500
1979




















Pickup
6500
1980
1
0.000
12.0
9.5
11.3
10.3
933.4
785.0
866.8


368
150
18.0
0.408
0.0231
33.3



Pickup
6500
1981




















Pickup
6500
1982




















Pickup
6500
1983




















Pickup
6500
1984




















Pickup
6500
1985




















Pickup
6500
1986




















Pickup
6500
1987




















Pickup
6500
1988




















Pickup
6500
1989




















Pickup
6500
1990




















Pickup
6500
1991




















Pickup
6500
1992




















Pickup
6500
1993




















Pickup
6500
1994




















Pickup
6500
1995




















Pickup
6500
1996




















Pickup
6500
1997




















Pickup
6500
1998




















Pickup
6500
1999




















Pickup
6500
2000




















Pickup
6500
2001




















Pickup
6500
2002




















Pickup
6500
2003




















Pickup
6500
2004




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-121
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
6000
2005
88.6%
11.4%
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


68.0%
68.0%

Pickup
6000
2006
93.0%
7.0%
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


83.0%
83.0%

Pickup
6000
2007
83.6%
16.4%


100.0%




100.0%


64.5%
64.5%

Pickup
6000
2008
86.2%
13.8%


100.0%




100.0%


77.0%
78.0%

Pickup
6000
2009
94.5%
5.5%


98.8%
1.2%



100.0%


67.5%
76.8%
1.2%
Pickup
6000
2010
95.6%
4.4%


99.6%
0.4%



100.0%


94.1%
42.6%
0.4%
Pickup
6000
2011
95.7%
4.3%


99.6%
0.4%


26.9%
73.1%


92.8%
100.0%
0.4%
Pickup
6000
2012
95.6%
4.4%


99.8%
0.2%


35.0%
65.0%


95.8%
100.0%
0.2%
Pickup
6000
2013
97.0%
3.0%


99.9%
0.1%


42.0%
58.0%


96.4%
100.0%
0.1%
Pickup
6000
2014
96.3%
3.7%


100.0%



34.3%
65.7%


70.9%
97.9%

Pickup
6000
2015
90.6%
9.4%


100.0%



31.8%
52.1%

16.2%
63.1%
83.8%

Pickup
6000
2016
94.9%
5.1%


100.0%



56.7%
34.7%

CO
CT1
39.2%
91.4%
0.0%
Pickup
6000
2017
93.1%
6.9%


100.0%



71.5%
25.7%

2.8%
38.1%
97.2%
0.2%
Pickup
6000
2018
93.0%
7.0%


100.0%



75.1%
19.0%

5.9%
40.8%
94.1%
0.3%
Pickup
6500
1975















Pickup
6500
1976















Pickup
6500
1977















Pickup
6500
1978

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Pickup
6500
1979















Pickup
6500
1980

100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Pickup
6500
1981















Pickup
6500
1982















Pickup
6500
1983















Pickup
6500
1984















Pickup
6500
1985















Pickup
6500
1986















Pickup
6500
1987















Pickup
6500
1988















Pickup
6500
1989















Pickup
6500
1990















Pickup
6500
1991















Pickup
6500
1992















Pickup
6500
1993















Pickup
6500
1994















Pickup
6500
1995















Pickup
6500
1996















Pickup
6500
1997















Pickup
6500
1998















Pickup
6500
1999















Pickup
6500
2000















Pickup
6500
2001















Pickup
6500
2002















Pickup
6500
2003















Pickup
6500
2004















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-122
March 2019

-------
BRA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
SJSit PM.as.rn	Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Aa*nev	11	*	*	^ 1	~
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60 Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
D
2-CycIe
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
Pickup
6500
2005
3
0.000
16.3
11.4
14.9
13.2
777.1
598.1
675.1


330
300
9.3
0.909
0.0462
42.8



Pickup
6500
2006
0
0.000
15.2
10.6
14.2
12.4
842.2
625.9
718.9


330
445
7.2
1.348
0.0685
40.2



Pickup
6500
2007
0
0.000
15.1
10.6
13.9
12.2
842.2
638.8
726.3


330
445
7.2
1.348
0.0685
39.8



Pickup
6500
2008
0
0.000
16.0
11.0
15.0
13.0
806.1
593.2
684.7
67.1

330
445
7.3
1.348
0.0685
42.2



Pickup
6500
2009




















Pickup
6500
2010




















Pickup
6500
2011
18
0.001
16.2
11.4
14.9
13.2
777.8
595.5
674.5
71.2

378
415
7.3
1.098
0.0638
42.9



Pickup
6500
2012
15
0.001
16.7
11.6
15.9
13.7
767.0
560.1
649.1
72.4

378
411
7.3
1.086
0.0632
44.5



Pickup
6500
2013
20
0.001
16.7
11.6
15.9
13.7
767.4
560.7
649.6
68.3

378
411
7.3
1.086
0.0632
44.5



Pickup
6500
2014
20
0.001
16.7
11.6
15.8
13.6
768.6
562.2
651.3
74.1

378
414
7.3
1.094
0.0637
44.4



Pickup
6500
2015




















Pickup
6500
2016




















Pickup
6500
2017




















Pickup
6500
2018




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-123
March 2019

-------
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table E: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle Type
Weight
Class
Model Year
rivet rain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
6500
2005
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
6500
2006
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
6500
2007
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
6500
2008
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
93.2%

Pickup
6500
2009















Pickup
6500
2010















Pickup
6500
2011
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
6500
2012
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
6500
2013
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
6500
2014
100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


1.6%
100.0%

Pickup
6500
2015















Pickup
6500
2016















Pickup
6500
2017















Pickup
6500
2018















s coj%
Untied State*
fcrtv«r©nm«nt*l Protection
Aatfncy
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
E-124
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1975
539
0.065
23.4
18.1
22.9
20.0
453.7
354.2
444.9
2790


147
88

0.704
0.0303
27.6


Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1976
561
0.058
24.0
18.9
22.9
20.5
427.7
350.9
434.1
2844


163
95

0.680
0.0319
28.8


Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1977
774
0.068
26.2
20.3
25.5
22.3
392.0
316.1
398.7
2707

93.8
142
88

0.692
0.0315
30.6
2264
2876
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1978
1075
0.096
26.8
20.9
25.7
22.8
386.8
321.3
390.5
2590

94.4
129
82
14.5
0.693
0.0310
30.1
2308
2838
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1979
1283
0.119
26.4
20.7
25.1
22.5
407.9
338.1
398.1
2634

94.6
137
84
15.9
0.674
0.0312
29.8
2211
2835
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1980
2804
0.297
26.9
20.8
26.3
23.0
412.1
330.9
389.7
2645

100.4
138
86
16.0
0.652
0.0320
30.7
2363
3087
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1981
3236
0.370
28.6
22.2
27.7
24.4
388.4
313.1
367.0
2646

103.0
133
85
15.8
0.672
0.0321
32.6
2566
3349
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1982
3568
0.456
30.2
23.2
29.7
25.7
372.6
294.7
346.5
2665

101.7
127
83
17.3
0.677
0.0310
34.5
2658
3512
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1983
3784
0.473
30.3
23.5
29.5
25.9
365.3
293.8
344.2
2682

104.2
129
86
15.6
0.681
0.0317
35.0
2751
3641
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1984
5737
0.537
29.7
23.0
29.0
25.3
374.6
299.7
351.4
2752

105.4
133
90
15.2
0.694
0.0325
35.2
2725
3709
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1985
6648
0.616
29.4
22.6
28.9
25.1
378.7
299.6
355.0
2825

106.5
142
98
14.4
0.712
0.0344
35.7
2722
3800
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1986
7831
0.711
29.9
22.8
29.4
25.4
376.5
296.6
349.7
2844

107.0
140
100
13.7
0.730
0.0347
36.4
2758
3894
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1987
8267
0.770
29.7
22.6
29.1
25.2
382.3
300.2
352.9
2869

106.2
140
103
13.8
0.752
0.0354
36.3
2703
3855
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1988
8768
0.817
30.0
22.5
29.3
25.3
382.1
298.4
351.4
2911

106.2
142
107
13.6
0.775
0.0364
36.9
2719
3928
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1989
8267
0.825
29.3
21.8
28.8
24.6
396.6
304.3
360.9
2980

107.0
147
115
12.7
0.803
0.0381
36.8
2666
3942
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1990
7455
0.846
28.6
21.1
28.3
24.0
409.5
310.4
369.5
3082

106.7
151
123
11.5
0.844
0.0397
37.1
2591
3967
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1991
7096
0.832
28.9
21.2
28.4
24.2
406.3
308.1
367.8
3046

106.3
149
124
11.5
0.859
0.0402
36.9
2604
3932
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1992
6551
0.808
28.4
20.5
28.2
23.7
417.4
309.3
374.4
3120

107.2
157
131
11.0
0.868
0.0416
37.2
2580
3987
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1993
7195
0.851
29.0
20.8
28.5
24.1
413.5
306.5
369.2
3109

107.6
155
130
10.3
0.871
0.0414
37.5
2626
4045
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1994
7104
0.844
28.9
20.7
28.5
24.0
417.3
307.2
370.7
3143

107.6
153
133
10.2
0.895
0.0417
37.8
2613
4068
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1995
7701
0.820
29.2
20.6
28.9
24.2
418.4
302.9
367.7
3155

108.6
154
144
10.0
0.956
0.0450
38.2
2656
4152
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1996
6829
0.865
29.0
20.3
28.5
23.9
426.3
307.7
372.3
3200

108.7
153
147
10.3
0.974
0.0454
38.3
2620
4160
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1997
7213
0.865
29.1
20.3
28.6
23.9
427.4
307.6
371.6
3197

108.3
153
149
10.2
0.985
0.0459
38.3
2612
4151
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1998
6937
0.870
29.2
20.2
28.5
23.9
431.0
308.0
372.3
3243

108.9
155
152
10.4
0.998
0.0462
38.8
2621
4226
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1999
7303
0.872
28.7
19.8
28.0
23.5
441.1
314.3
378.9
3307

109.2
157
156
10.3
1.010
0.0467
38.8
2580
4249
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2000
7750
0.849
28.8
19.7
27.9
23.4
443.5
316.4
380.0
3313

110.3
156
158
9.8
1.030
0.0473
38.8
2596
4284
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2001
7069
0.841
29.2
19.9
28.0
23.6
436.7
313.2
375.9
3312

110.2
155
158
9.6
1.034
0.0474
39.3
2631
4333
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2002
7050
0.849
29.5
20.0
27.9
23.7
436.4
314.8
375.1
3320

111.4
157
163
9.6
1.056
0.0486
39.5
2662
4400
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2003
6494
0.820
30.1
20.2
28.4
24.1
430.6
309.3
368.7
3320

111.0
154
163
9.4
1.077
0.0488
40.2
2703
4467
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2004
6093
0.808
30.2
20.1
28.5
24.1
431.2
308.3
368.8
3357

111.6
157
169
9.2
1.096
0.0499
40.7
2721
4541
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2005
6402
0.798
31.1
20.6
28.9
24.7
417.1
303.0
360.5
3337

111.9
153
165
9.2
1.097
0.0490
41.5
2804
4652
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2006
6056
0.758
30.9
20.5
28.9
24.6
420.2
303.3
362.2
3398

111.9
156
174
9.1
1.131
0.0505
42.1
2792
4715
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2007
6506
0.805
32.0
21.3
29.6
25.3
401.6
295.1
350.8
3397

111.2
151
171
9.2
1.141
0.0498
43.5
2876
4846
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2008
5689
0.777
32.4
21.5
30.0
25.6
396.3
291.4
346.6
3404
44.6
110.9
151
173
9.2
1.157
0.0501
44.1
2907
4903
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2009
4655
0.826
33.8
22.4
30.9
26.5
384.9
284.0
335.1
3364
44.5
111.0
143
167
9.2
1.174
0.0489
45.0
2993
5002
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2010
4946
0.816
35.4
23.5
32.0
27.7
0.0
0.0
321.1
3351
44.5
111.2
140
165
9.2
1.181
0.0489
47.6
3174
5305
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2011
4496
0.783
35.0
23.0
31.8
27.3
0.0
0.0
325.9
3431
45.3
112.5
144
174
8.9
1.223
0.0502
47.7
3140
5365
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2012
6220
0.841
37.1
24.4
33.2
28.8
0.0
0.0
309.3
3348
45.0
111.4
136
169
8.9
1.247
0.0500
49.2
3288
5491
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2013
6715
0.816
38.5
25.4
34.3
29.8
0.0
0.0
298.7
3357
45.2
111.3
133
172
CO
CO
1.301
0.0508
51.8
3441
5781
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2014
6055
0.793
38.9
25.5
34.3
29.9
0.0
0.0
297.4
3363
45.4
112.2
132
171
CO
CO
1.302
0.0503
51.5
3447
5784
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2015
6182
0.783
40.1
26.1
35.3
30.7
0.0
0.0
289.4
3350
45.5
112.7
131
169
CO
CO
1.293
0.0498
53.0


Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2016
5589
0.784
40.4
26.2
35.6
30.9
0.0
0.0
287.4
3328
45.6
113.1
128
170
8.7
1.342
0.0505
52.9


Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2017
5415
0.776
41.8
27.5
37.0
32.2
0.0
0.0
275.2
3331
45.7
113.3
126
167
8.7
1.342
0.0498
56.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-l
March 2019

-------
oERA
Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1975
64.3%
33.2%
2.4%


82.4%

17.6%





87.4%
8.3%
4.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1976
59.7%
40.3%



81.1%

18.9%





86.9%
8.8%
4.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1977
68.2%
31.8%



65.9%

31.3%

2.8%



89.5%
6.1%
4.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1978
66.2%
29.6%
4.2%


65.3%

31.0%

3.6%



93.6%
4.2%
2.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1979
57.2%
32.6%
6.4%

3.9%
74.7%

19.6%

5.6%



87.0%
13.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1980
45.5%
50.2%
2.1%

2.2%
82.2%

9.5%
1.6%
6.8%



67.8%
32.2%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1981
45.2%
53.3%


1.6%
87.3%

5.4%
1.8%
5.4%



68.1%
31.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1982
40.0%
26.8%
32.2%

1.0%
78.4%

5.0%
13.9%
2.7%



71.0%
29.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1983
36.4%
23.8%
38.9%

1.0%
67.8%

5.8%
25.1%
1.3%



68.3%
31.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1984
30.3%
27.3%
42.4%

0.1%
61.9%

8.6%
27.9%
1.6%



69.0%
31.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1985
26.3%
25.1%
48.6%


44.8%

21.0%
33.5%
0.7%



63.3%
29.4%
7.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1986
27.1%
20.5%
52.4%


32.4%

33.1%
34.2%
0.3%
5.7%


62.5%
28.5%
9.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1987
26.1%
17.4%
56.5%


25.2%

38.0%
36.7%
0.0%
17.9%


66.3%
24.7%
9.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1988
25.5%
10.0%
64.6%


16.3%

48.5%
35.1%

23.1%


67.5%
23.8%
8.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1989
21.7%
9.5%
68.6%
0.2%

10.6%

58.0%
31.4%
0.0%
26.9%


61.0%
29.3%
9.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1990
19.7%
7.1%
73.1%
0.0%

1.2%

75.2%
23.6%
0.0%
34.4%


61.1%
28.8%
10.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1991
21.0%
5.3%
73.7%


0.0%

77.5%
22.3%
0.1%
35.4%
1.9%

64.1%
27.3%
8.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1992
18.5%
6.0%
75.4%
0.0%

0.0%

90.3%
9.7%
0.0%
34.5%
3.4%

61.6%
27.3%
11.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1993
18.7%
5.0%
76.3%




91.9%
8.1%

37.9%
3.8%

60.4%
29.7%
9.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1994
17.4%
3.8%
78.8%




93.9%
6.1%

43.8%
7.7%

61.3%
26.3%
12.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1995
16.8%
0.9%
82.4%




98.6%
1.4%

53.7%
9.9%

60.4%
27.5%
12.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1996
14.6%
1.0%
84.4%
0.0%



98.7%
1.3%
0.1%
61.1%
11.6%

56.2%
33.3%
10.6%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1997
13.1%
0.7%
86.1%
0.1%



99.0%
0.9%
0.0%
60.8%
9.7%

56.9%
31.1%
12.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1998
11.5%
0.4%
88.0%
0.1%



99.7%
0.2%
0.2%
62.7%
17.3%

48.8%
41.4%
9.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
1999
10.0%
0.6%
89.4%
0.0%



99.8%
0.1%
0.1%
66.3%
15.9%

47.4%
42.1%
10.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2000
9.7%
0.9%
89.3%
0.0%



99.7%

0.3%
66.5%
22.5%
0.1%
46.5%
36.1%
17.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2001
9.9%
1.0%
88.8%
0.3%



99.7%

0.3%
67.3%
26.6%
0.3%
50.1%
34.0%
15.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2002
9.5%
0.2%
89.8%
0.5%



99.5%

0.5%
69.7%
33.7%
0.4%
45.7%
38.9%
15.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2003
10.1%

88.8%
1.1%



99.5%

0.5%
73.8%
41.9%
0.7%
48.7%
36.3%
15.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2004
8.5%
0.3%
89.6%
1.7%



99.6%

0.4%
78.2%
43.9%
1.2%
45.3%
39.0%
15.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2005
8.2%
0.1%
88.9%
2.7%



99.5%

0.5%
78.7%
54.1%
2.6%
43.7%
41.9%
14.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2006
8.3%
0.0%
88.9%
2.8%



99.3%

0.7%
81.3%
62.3%
2.0%
46.4%
36.3%
17.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2007
7.1%

80.4%
12.5%


0.3%
99.7%


85.5%
67.7%
4.2%
43.4%
43.2%
13.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2008
6.9%

78.3%
14.7%


2.0%
98.0%


88.4%
66.9%
4.3%
44.0%
37.9%
18.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2009
6.2%

80.7%
13.1%


1.8%
97.4%

0.8%
93.2%
82.8%
3.6%
45.9%
38.0%
16.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2010
4.4%
2.0%
76.1%
17.4%


3.1%
95.7%

1.2%
95.4%
94.4%
7.6%
47.6%
40.6%
11.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2011
4.2%
0.3%
80.8%
14.7%


12.2%
86.4%

1.2%
94.5%
95.3%
5.1%
32.9%
48.5%
18.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2012
4.9%
2.1%
76.3%
16.7%


21.6%
76.8%

1.4%
99.1%
97.8%
6.9%



Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2013
4.6%
2.3%
71.1%
22.0%


32.1%
65.8%

1.6%
98.9%
97.4%
8.4%



Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2014
3.8%
3.0%
59.3%
33.9%


37.3%
60.8%

1.6%
98.8%
97.2%
7.1%



Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2015
3.6%
2.3%
56.4%
37.7%


38.3%
59.7%

1.2%
98.5%
97.2%
6.6%



Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2016
2.8%
5.0%
56.4%
35.8%


47.2%
52.2%


99.4%
99.4%
4.9%



Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2017
3.1%
5.0%
50.3%
41.6%


46.9%
52.0%

0.0%
99.0%
98.8%
7.4%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-2
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2018
.
0.729
42.8
28.1
36.8
32.5
0.0
0.0
271.4
3353
45.9
114.0
123
170
8.6
1.401
0.0503
57.2


Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
7698
0.935
15.4
12.0
14.8
13.2
693.0
562.6
675.6
4146


298
140

0.502
0.0333
27.5


Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
9161
0.942
17.2
13.5
16.3
14.6
626.3
515.7
607.9
4133


294
136

0.491
0.0325
30.3


Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
10526
0.932
17.9
14.1
17.0
15.3
597.5
497.7
582.8
4034

111.6
289
137

0.504
0.0336
31.0
1744
3464
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
10100
0.904
19.4
15.1
18.6
16.5
559.8
459.0
539.1
3694

110.6
264
129
13.6
0.522
0.0345
30.6
1865
3399
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
9474
0.878
19.6
15.4
18.6
16.7
555.4
462.7
533.1
3604

110.8
253
124
14.3
0.527
0.0342
30.2
1882
3366
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
6554
0.694
22.3
17.4
21.4
19.0
494.2
405.7
469.8
3296

105.9
209
107
15.3
0.554
0.0323
31.5
2043
3359
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
5436
0.622
23.5
18.3
22.6
20.0
471.7
385.1
448.2
3333

108.6
211
107
15.4
0.548
0.0320
33.5
2203
3670
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
4188
0.536
23.3
18.0
22.8
19.9
479.3
382.0
449.9
3384

109.9
216
112
16.1
0.553
0.0330
33.9
2217
3762
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
3973
0.496
22.5
17.2
22.4
19.2
503.8
390.7
464.0
3547

113.6
236
123
14.0
0.549
0.0346
34.3
2200
3916
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
4831
0.453
23.1
17.6
23.1
19.7
488.2
376.4
450.9
3514

110.1
234
125
13.7
0.569
0.0356
34.9
2190
3857
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
3918
0.363
23.5
17.9
23.6
20.1
487.4
372.2
443.8
3576

110.6
240
135
12.9
0.600
0.0378
36.0
2226
4010
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
3068
0.279
23.8
18.0
24.0
20.3
486.2
366.6
437.9
3547

107.7
239
139
12.0
0.625
0.0393
36.0
2191
3919
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
2347
0.219
23.5
17.6
23.9
20.0
498.2
367.7
444.7
3608

107.7
242
147
11.8
0.660
0.0409
36.2
2163
3936
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
1879
0.175
23.5
17.4
23.9
19.9
504.4
368.0
445.5
3689

110.8
248
157
11.6
0.675
0.0428
36.9
2221
4141
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
1654
0.165
23.6
17.4
24.0
20.0
506.7
367.7
444.8
3708

111.7
244
153
11.4
0.675
0.0415
37.1
2241
4199
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
1268
0.144
23.6
17.3
23.7
19.9
506.8
371.4
446.5
3724

108.5
235
159
10.5
0.732
0.0429
37.1
2160
4080
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
1310
0.154
24.0
17.4
24.3
20.2
504.2
362.9
440.1
3726

109.3
240
177
9.9
0.783
0.0475
37.7
2208
4177
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
1467
0.181
24.6
17.8
24.6
20.6
495.7
358.3
431.8
3760

113.6
228
179
9.8
0.834
0.0475
38.7
2346
4452
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
1162
0.137
24.3
17.3
24.5
20.3
507.6
361.1
438.1
3814

113.1
243
189
8.9
0.817
0.0497
38.7
2298
4430
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
1274
0.151
24.0
17.0
24.3
20.0
519.2
363.7
443.4
3841

111.3
252
198
8.5
0.819
0.0516
38.5
2233
4330
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
1585
0.169
24.6
17.3
24.8
20.5
507.8
356.0
434.0
3784

109.0
231
194
9.0
0.884
0.0510
38.8
2239
4259
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
943
0.119
24.3
16.9
24.7
20.2
522.3
357.2
440.2
3862

110.5
257
207
CO
CO
0.828
0.0535
39.0
2226
4350
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
977
0.117
24.3
16.8
24.5
20.1
523.8
360.0
441.4
3827

109.6
245
210
8.7
0.882
0.0547
38.6
2204
4256
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
855
0.107
24.5
16.9
24.4
20.2
520.4
360.9
439.7
3771

104.0
242
218
8.6
0.924
0.0577
38.3
2107
4003
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
887
0.106
24.5
16.8
24.3
20.1
525.5
363.8
442.1
3798

105.7
242
226
8.3
0.969
0.0596
38.3
2129
4079
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
1185
0.130
25.0
17.1
24.5
20.4
509.5
359.0
435.1
3699

103.5
229
228
8.0
1.020
0.0610
37.8
2128
3954
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
1062
0.126
24.8
16.9
24.3
20.3
517.8
362.6
438.7
3716

101.4
228
226
7.8
1.031
0.0609
37.7
2065
3867
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
933
0.112
24.5
16.6
23.8
19.9
532.6
371.6
446.5
3783

98.6
234
237
7.7
1.049
0.0628
37.7
1964
3752
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
1151
0.145
24.5
16.5
23.7
19.9
535.5
372.3
447.1
3872

100.8
230
245
7.6
1.095
0.0636
38.5
2006
3944
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
1035
0.137
24.3
16.2
23.8
19.7
545.0
371.9
450.2
3863

100.6
231
246
7.5
1.101
0.0641
38.2
1991
3897
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
1163
0.145
24.4
16.2
23.5
19.7
545.7
376.5
451.9
3955

104.7
236
258
7.4
1.142
0.0654
39.0
2068
4147
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
1475
0.185
24.8
16.4
23.9
20.0
535.6
368.5
444.4
3950

107.1
235
265
7.3
1.155
0.0671
39.7
2156
4302
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
1113
0.138
24.7
16.3
24.0
19.9
539.8
366.6
445.8
3952

102.1
238
275
7.1
1.193
0.0697
39.6
2044
4085
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
1095
0.150
25.2
16.7
24.4
20.3
521.4
359.7
437.5
3957
47.7
103.1
230
273
7.3
1.217
0.0687
40.4
2105
4209
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
603
0.107
25.5
16.8
24.7
20.6
516.5
353.8
432.6
3954
47.5
102.3
234
282
7.0
1.234
0.0710
40.9
2120
4224
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
755
0.125
25.7
16.9
25.1
20.8
520.3
350.9
427.9
4004
48.9
105.4
244
292
6.9
1.221
0.0729
41.8
2202
4429
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
767
0.134
26.6
17.4
25.9
21.4
0.0
0.0
415.7
4018
48.3
104.5
237
307
6.6
1.320
0.0763
43.4
2264
4565
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
712
0.096
27.8
18.1
27.1
22.3
0.0
0.0
398.0
4017
48.8
104.6
229
318
6.4
1.434
0.0787
45.4
2382
4788
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
880
0.107
28.6
18.6
27.6
22.9
0.0
0.0
388.5
3900
48.1
102.0
213
309
6.4
1.512
0.0783
45.0
2369
4630
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
954
0.125
29.4
19.1
28.6
23.6
0.0
0.0
375.3
3975
48.5
102.5
220
313
6.4
1.509
0.0784
50.1
2612
5213
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
908
0.115
29.1
18.9
28.4
23.3
0.0
0.0
379.6
3972
48.7
102.4
218
323
6.2
1.579
0.0806
48.4
2522
5004
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
800
0.112
29.3
19.1
28.6
23.5
0.0
0.0
376.5
3941
48.6
100.8
218
330
6.0
1.601
0.0831
48.9
2522
5017
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-3
March 2019

-------
oERA
Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Sedan/Wagon
Front Wheel Drive
2018
4.2%
4.9%
49.2%
41.6%


46.8%
51.6%

0.2%
98.5%
98.4%
9.9%



Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
16.5%
83.4%
0.1%


95.5%

4.3%

0.3%



53.2%
24.4%
22.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
14.5%
85.5%



97.5%

2.2%

0.3%



53.5%
26.2%
20.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
13.0%
87.0%



97.5%

2.2%

0.3%



49.2%
25.9%
24.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
14.9%
77.7%
7.4%


97.1%

2.3%

0.6%



39.5%
37.6%
23.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
15.9%
75.0%
9.2%


95.6%

2.7%

1.6%



37.6%
37.2%
25.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
24.4%
52.2%
23.4%


91.4%

4.9%
0.3%
3.5%



48.0%
35.7%
16.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
20.3%
26.5%
53.3%


83.9%

6.6%
3.1%
6.3%



41.0%
39.4%
19.6%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
19.5%
12.5%
68.0%


78.0%

9.2%
6.4%
6.4%



43.6%
33.1%
23.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
14.3%
9.3%
76.4%


69.5%

13.5%
14.1%
2.9%



35.7%
33.9%
30.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
16.1%
6.2%
77.7%


54.6%

22.8%
20.8%
1.8%



42.7%
28.0%
29.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
15.1%
7.9%
77.0%


44.5%

22.9%
31.3%
1.3%



40.8%
29.2%
30.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
17.0%
8.5%
74.4%


38.8%

46.0%
14.9%
0.3%
2.5%


50.6%
27.2%
22.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
18.3%
8.7%
73.0%


30.2%

58.9%
9.8%
1.0%
4.0%


52.0%
24.0%
24.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
16.1%
7.8%
76.2%


15.8%

78.8%
5.3%
0.0%
4.5%


51.1%
16.2%
32.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
14.9%
9.1%
75.9%


5.9%

83.3%
10.7%
0.0%
10.8%


43.4%
23.1%
33.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
17.5%
9.2%
73.4%


2.6%

90.5%
6.8%
0.2%
22.1%
4.2%

41.1%
29.8%
29.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
15.7%
8.9%
75.4%




79.5%
20.1%
0.5%
22.4%
5.6%

44.0%
22.4%
33.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
10.6%
6.4%
83.1%




85.7%
14.0%
0.3%
35.5%
10.2%

31.3%
31.8%
36.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
11.4%
6.8%
81.8%




89.4%
10.6%

24.8%
11.3%

34.4%
30.5%
35.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
12.6%
5.4%
82.0%




99.9%

0.1%
26.2%
10.3%

42.1%
25.8%
32.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
12.9%
6.6%
80.5%




99.6%

0.4%
41.7%
10.2%

42.5%
33.2%
24.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
14.9%
5.6%
79.6%




99.7%

0.3%
26.1%
13.2%

42.3%
20.3%
37.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
13.9%
0.2%
85.9%




99.7%

0.3%
38.2%
24.7%

43.4%
22.9%
33.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
15.7%
0.2%
84.0%




99.6%

0.4%
42.8%
27.5%

57.1%
15.4%
27.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
16.0%
0.7%
83.3%




99.5%

0.5%
44.0%
25.8%

52.1%
15.1%
32.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
18.3%
2.4%
79.3%




99.6%
0.4%

50.9%
29.0%

56.3%
16.9%
26.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
16.8%
0.4%
82.7%




100.0%


58.3%
38.7%

58.9%
13.8%
27.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
18.3%
0.5%
81.2%




100.0%


61.3%
36.5%

67.1%
15.1%
17.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
15.5%

84.5%




100.0%


67.7%
39.0%

58.5%
16.7%
24.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
17.2%
0.2%
82.6%




100.0%


62.9%
46.9%

57.3%
18.0%
24.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
13.1%
0.2%
86.6%




99.4%

0.6%
67.6%
43.2%

47.7%
22.9%
29.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
12.5%
0.3%
87.2%




99.6%

0.4%
74.1%
53.8%

46.6%
17.8%
35.6%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
14.1%
0.1%
85.8%



0.4%
99.4%

0.2%
75.1%
55.3%
0.3%
51.2%
21.4%
27.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
11.8%
2.2%
86.0%



5.7%
94.0%

0.3%
79.0%
54.5%
0.1%
48.5%
20.0%
31.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
10.1%
3.2%
86.7%



12.7%
86.9%

0.4%
77.9%
65.9%
0.1%
54.2%
15.9%
29.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
13.0%
1.1%
85.8%
0.0%


18.5%
81.2%

0.2%
73.1%
61.6%
0.2%
58.8%
14.3%
26.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
10.6%
2.4%
86.9%
0.1%


27.9%
70.6%

1.4%
82.9%
81.3%
0.2%
61.0%
17.9%
21.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
10.6%
3.0%
86.5%



45.1%
54.4%

0.3%
88.2%
94.5%
0.6%
53.8%
21.7%
24.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
12.6%
4.2%
83.1%
0.1%


46.9%
52.9%

0.1%
89.4%
95.4%
0.5%
61.5%
18.9%
19.6%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
10.0%
5.7%
84.3%
0.0%


50.0%
46.9%

1.0%
86.1%
94.1%
1.0%
58.6%
20.3%
21.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
10.7%
5.4%
83.9%
0.0%


54.7%
44.1%

0.3%
86.5%
96.6%
0.9%
61.1%
19.1%
19.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
11.6%
5.0%
83.4%
0.0%


54.3%
44.2%

0.2%
82.1%
97.8%
0.7%
59.2%
21.1%
19.7%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-4
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
698
0.100
29.7
19.3
28.9
23.8
0.0
0.0
371.0
3953
48.4
98.1
211
326
6.0
1.666
0.0822
51.4
2581
5157
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.131
35.2
22.8
32.7
27.5
0.0
0.0
305.7
3983
48.9
103.1
196
314
5.8
1.771
0.0785
74.2
3958
7896
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1975




















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1976




















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1977




















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1978




















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1979
37
0.003
27.6
21.7
26.1
23.5
409.7
340.1
378.8
2500

100.5
97
67
17.5
0.691
0.0268
29.4
2360
2950
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1980
85
0.009
20.9
16.7
19.2
17.8
514.3
431.0
499.9
3149

100.8
173
80
18.1
0.541
0.0257
28.0
1880
2819
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1981
62
0.007
24.3
19.4
22.5
20.7
437.7
380.0
430.2
2930

102.7
157
83
16.8
0.576
0.0284
30.3
2224
3117
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1982
63
0.008
25.3
20.1
23.4
21.5
430.9
373.3
413.7
3122

103.1
165
85
18.3
0.564
0.0271
33.4
2266
3439
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1983
245
0.031
31.6
25.3
29.0
26.8
340.4
299.2
331.0
2689

98.9
119
75
17.2
0.675
0.0279
36.3
2722
3586
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1984
107
0.010
27.6
21.9
25.9
23.5
392.9
334.7
377.8
2913

106.6
135
80
17.0
0.643
0.0274
34.4
2605
3672
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1985
224
0.021
32.5
25.7
30.5
27.7
340.4
286.8
321.0
2584

115.8
101
72
17.2
0.703
0.0275
36.1
3259
4181
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1986
116
0.011
26.9
21.1
25.3
22.8
416.2
346.3
389.6
2929

113.2
120
92
14.5
0.789
0.0312
33.5
2618
3793
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1987
118
0.011
26.8
20.9
25.1
22.7
419.9
349.5
392.0
2928

114.7
115
92
14.8
0.811
0.0313
33.3
2632
3821
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1988
89
0.008
28.8
22.4
26.5
24.2
387.7
329.0
367.5
2827

109.2
112
98
14.0
0.890
0.0346
34.2
2678
3754
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1989
97
0.010
28.9
22.3
26.7
24.2
389.2
327.3
367.8
2845

95.3
115
107
12.8
0.948
0.0378
34.7
2305
3291
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1990
86
0.010
26.8
20.3
25.4
22.5
431.2
348.1
395.7
3234

115.7
125
120
12.0
0.959
0.0367
36.3
2615
4212
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1991
118
0.014
26.6
19.9
25.2
22.2
440.1
348.9
400.6
3289

109.5
130
145
11.1
1.104
0.0433
36.5
2456
4008
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1992
90
0.011
25.9
19.2
24.5
21.5
457.0
360.5
413.3
3492

109.1
140
191
9.3
1.400
0.0552
37.6
2380
4104
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1993
100
0.012
28.0
20.7
26.3
23.2
424.9
335.8
383.6
3217

111.2
127
130
10.7
1.008
0.0400
37.2
2587
4156
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1994
36
0.004
26.2
19.2
24.7
21.6
460.0
357.9
411.1
3443

117.3
140
140
10.4
0.991
0.0404
37.3
2557
4385
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1995
109
0.012
27.7
20.0
26.3
22.8
442.4
336.8
389.7
3310

115.4
135
143
10.7
1.056
0.0430
37.7
2640
4361
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1996
118
0.015
26.7
19.1
25.4
21.9
461.2
347.9
405.5
3397

118.6
145
153
10.3
1.045
0.0449
37.3
2624
4451
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1997
144
0.017
27.3
19.3
26.0
22.3
455.8
340.1
398.0
3397

119.3
147
160
9.9
1.086
0.0470
38.0
2684
4549
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1998
179
0.023
26.5
18.7
25.2
21.6
471.6
350.9
410.6
3526

120.8
149
169
10.0
1.136
0.0479
38.2
2627
4621
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1999
186
0.022
26.2
18.2
25.2
21.4
482.6
351.9
415.3
3558

119.8
149
172
9.9
1.152
0.0481
38.1
2577
4576
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2000
190
0.021
26.3
18.4
24.7
21.3
479.1
358.7
416.8
3603

119.0
153
181
9.2
1.191
0.0501
38.4
2555
4588
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2001
273
0.032
25.2
17.5
23.8
20.5
503.0
370.3
434.4
3831

115.2
157
200
8.7
1.292
0.0523
39.4
2375
4565
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2002
318
0.038
25.8
17.7
24.4
20.8
499.9
363.4
426.7
3828

112.8
155
201
CO
CO
1.320
0.0528
39.9
2362
4531
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2003
276
0.035
26.2
17.8
24.7
21.1
492.8
357.7
420.7
3801

113.4
154
194
9.1
1.272
0.0509
40.2
2416
4580
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2004
410
0.054
24.8
16.8
23.4
19.9
523.1
376.6
445.8
4010

117.8
174
219
8.6
1.278
0.0545
40.0
2359
4766
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2005
462
0.058
25.0
16.8
23.4
20.1
520.1
375.4
443.1
3966

121.0
178
226
8.3
1.294
0.0568
39.8
2444
4845
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2006
461
0.058
25.4
17.1
23.7
20.3
510.9
370.7
437.5
3994

120.0
183
235
8.2
1.309
0.0586
40.6
2455
4890
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2007
463
0.057
25.6
17.1
24.0
20.5
510.8
366.4
433.9
3992

114.9
186
240
8.1
1.294
0.0597
41.0
2368
4721
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2008
535
0.073
25.9
17.3
24.3
20.7
506.3
362.1
429.1
3956
46.0
113.4
185
243
8.0
1.314
0.0608
41.1
2370
4663
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2009
378
0.067
26.7
17.9
24.9
21.3
490.1
354.6
416.7
3919
46.2
110.5
180
237
8.0
1.322
0.0599
41.8
2373
4623
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2010
359
0.059
26.7
17.8
25.0
21.3
491.1
352.1
416.8
4059
47.0
110.8
189
257
7.6
1.368
0.0627
43.4
2388
4819
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2011
480
0.084
27.5
18.4
25.8
22.0
474.5
341.6
404.0
4028
46.6
108.7
183
254
7.6
1.413
0.0625
44.5
2418
4845
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2012
461
0.062
29.4
19.6
27.4
23.4
0.0
0.0
379.4
3973
46.9
110.2
175
256
7.5
1.472
0.0633
47.6
2674
5269
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2013
631
0.077
30.7
20.4
28.7
24.4
0.0
0.0
361.7
4008
47.3
110.8
172
265
7.3
1.560
0.0652
52.4
2924
5864
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2014
630
0.082
30.3
20.0
28.4
24.1
0.0
0.0
370.1
4058
47.6
111.4
173
272
7.2
1.610
0.0661
49.8
2756
5562
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2015
810
0.103
32.1
21.2
29.7
25.3
0.0
0.0
348.9
4007
47.6
112.3
165
266
7.2
1.635
0.0656
54.8
3065
6207
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-5
March 2019

-------
oERA
Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
11.8%
5.8%
82.3%
0.1%


59.5%
38.4%

0.3%
81.8%
94.5%
1.8%
65.2%
18.8%
16.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
9.2%
20.7%
70.0%
0.1%


52.7%
29.6%

0.5%
71.6%
79.7%
2.1%
50.2%
35.9%
13.9%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1979
100.0%




100.0%







100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1980
53.5%
46.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1981
73.3%
0.0%
26.7%


100.0%







100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1982
67.5%

32.5%


100.0%







100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1983
55.8%
29.7%
14.5%


99.0%

1.0%





100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1984
59.2%
5.4%
35.4%


92.2%

7.8%





100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1985
54.0%
9.2%
36.7%


90.2%

9.8%





93.1%
6.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1986
72.4%
27.6%
0.0%


65.3%

34.7%





90.3%
9.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1987
69.7%
29.8%
0.5%


65.5%

27.6%
6.8%

5.1%


94.9%
5.1%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1988
76.8%
17.0%
6.2%


20.5%

35.2%
44.3%

24.8%


95.3%
4.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1989
60.9%
23.7%
15.4%


0.9%

78.1%
21.0%

41.8%


77.1%
22.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1990
45.8%
6.7%
45.1%
2.4%



82.1%
17.9%

71.4%


95.0%
5.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1991
42.4%
9.5%
45.0%
3.1%



87.5%
12.5%

84.9%


97.3%
2.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1992
49.3%
12.6%
38.0%
0.1%



100.0%


62.3%


97.7%
2.3%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1993
32.6%
2.7%
63.9%
0.8%



93.4%
6.6%

85.4%


93.8%
6.2%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1994
36.5%
1.8%
61.6%




100.0%


16.7%


98.4%
1.6%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1995
30.7%

69.3%




100.0%


94.2%


55.1%
44.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1996
32.5%

67.5%




100.0%


84.6%
2.4%

44.4%
55.6%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1997
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


88.7%
1.4%

45.3%
54.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1998
24.3%

75.7%




100.0%


98.8%
17.9%

36.7%
63.3%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
1999
22.7%
0.2%
77.1%




100.0%


98.8%
22.7%

36.7%
63.3%

Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2000
25.4%
0.2%
74.4%




100.0%


100.0%
23.7%

32.0%
67.6%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2001
27.7%
0.5%
71.9%




100.0%


100.0%
32.9%

39.9%
59.4%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2002
27.5%
0.2%
72.2%




100.0%


100.0%
30.3%

59.5%
40.3%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2003
18.9%

81.1%




100.0%


100.0%
36.6%

60.6%
38.2%
1.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2004
17.2%
0.2%
82.7%




100.0%


100.0%
40.8%

54.7%
28.6%
16.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2005
14.2%

78.8%
7.0%



100.0%


98.7%
39.1%

42.3%
37.4%
20.4%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2006
13.3%

81.5%
5.2%



100.0%


96.4%
59.6%

41.0%
36.8%
22.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2007
13.7%

80.3%
6.0%



99.7%

0.3%
98.9%
53.4%

44.5%
39.3%
16.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2008
11.3%

88.1%
0.6%


10.7%
89.1%

0.2%
99.8%
46.6%
0.4%
44.1%
45.5%
10.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2009
9.0%
0.3%
90.7%



24.9%
75.0%

0.1%
99.6%
63.1%
0.1%
57.7%
34.5%
7.8%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2010
7.2%
1.3%
81.4%
10.1%


29.6%
70.4%


99.4%
98.4%
0.0%
45.3%
43.1%
11.7%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2011
8.5%
0.2%
75.8%
15.4%


37.3%
62.7%


99.0%
98.7%
0.0%
55.0%
36.7%
8.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2012
7.3%
0.8%
66.1%
25.8%


45.1%
54.0%

0.2%
98.5%
97.4%
0.0%
48.9%
42.6%
8.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2013
6.5%
3.1%
69.2%
21.2%


53.1%
44.0%

0.1%
95.8%
97.1%
0.0%
54.1%
28.7%
17.2%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2014
4.8%
1.7%
77.5%
16.1%


61.0%
36.2%

2.5%
97.9%
97.1%
0.7%
48.8%
34.2%
17.0%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2015
5.4%
3.3%
66.8%
24.5%


57.6%
39.2%

0.7%
97.6%
96.5%
0.4%
52.1%
31.9%
16.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-6
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2016
741
0.104
32.6
21.6
29.9
25.7
0.0
0.0
344.2
4011
47.5
112.7
161
261
7.3
1.647
0.0644
56.1
3136
6375
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2017
864
0.124
33.2
22.0
30.1
26.0
0.0
0.0
340.0
3952
47.3
114.5
151
245
7.6
1.644
0.0612
55.4
3197
6385
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.140
34.0
22.4
30.7
26.5
0.0
0.0
329.6
4044
47.8
113.9
155
266
7.2
1.685
0.0649
60.2
3353
6866
Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1975




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1976




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1977




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1978




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1979




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1980




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1981




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1982




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1983




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1984




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1985




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1986




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1987




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1988




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1989




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1990




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1991




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1992




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1993




















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1994
9
0.026
20.4
15.5
18.4
16.8
573.0
484.1
528.0
4000


183
161
10.5
0.871
0.0401
33.7


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1995
0
0.001
25.6
18.8
23.5
21.0
471.5
377.5
423.3
3500


122
94
13.2
0.770
0.0269
36.7


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1996
18
0.063
30.6
22.4
27.9
24.9
397.5
318.1
356.3
2947


122
120
11.3
0.984
0.0408
36.8


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1997
73
0.203
28.7
21.0
25.7
23.2
422.7
345.1
382.3
3015


122
120
11.4
0.984
0.0399
35.1


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1998
47
0.103
29.1
21.2
25.8
23.4
418.5
343.4
379.6
3204


121
125
12.0
1.035
0.0394
37.5


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1999
75
0.154
27.5
19.9
24.4
22.1
442.2
361.4
401.8
3466


139
161
10.8
1.148
0.0459
38.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2000
79
0.127
26.8
19.3
23.8
21.5
456.4
371.0
413.5
3561


145
170
10.1
1.163
0.0471
38.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2001
276
0.371
25.8
17.9
24.0
20.8
490.2
368.9
427.1
3632


167
180
9.5
1.093
0.0496
37.8


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2002
334
0.555
26.5
18.3
24.5
21.3
479.7
360.9
417.4
3597


163
176
9.7
1.087
0.0491
38.3


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2003
379
0.659
26.7
18.4
24.5
21.3
480.4
362.0
416.5
3574


162
174
9.6
1.073
0.0486
38.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2004
466
0.729
26.2
17.8
24.2
20.9
495.1
365.3
424.8
3762


181
191
9.2
1.059
0.0509
39.4


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2005
602
0.740
26.4
18.0
23.8
20.9
489.6
371.7
425.0
3734


176
185
9.3
1.058
0.0495
39.1


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2006
584
0.777
26.7
18.2
24.2
21.2
483.8
365.0
419.2
3777


175
184
9.5
1.058
0.0486
40.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2007
785
0.854
26.5
18.0
24.2
21.1
488.5
364.8
421.6
3879


178
204
9.1
1.145
0.0522
41.0


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2008
804
0.870
27.3
18.5
24.8
21.6
471.8
356.1
410.6
3836
46.0

173
198
9.3
1.147
0.0514
41.7


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2009
561
0.922
28.3
19.2
25.6
22.4
456.5
344.9
397.1
3800
45.9

172
203
CO
CO
1.178
0.0532
42.7


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2010
809
0.884
29.5
19.9
26.8
23.3
441.3
328.5
381.2
3900
46.7

171
211
8.7
1.231
0.0538
45.7


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2011
1071
0.888
30.5
20.5
27.5
23.9
431.1
321.0
371.1
3847
46.6

165
205
CO
CO
1.233
0.0529
46.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2012
1032
0.816
30.7
20.5
27.6
24.0
0.0
0.0
370.0
3853
46.6

164
206
8.7
1.260
0.0533
46.5


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2013
1372
0.906
31.7
21.0
28.6
24.8
0.0
0.0
359.0
3929
47.0

157
208
8.7
1.343
0.0526
48.8


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2014
1425
0.910
32.0
21.2
28.6
24.9
0.0
0.0
356.7
3814
46.3

150
198
CO
CO
1.342
0.0517
47.7


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-7
March 2019

-------
oERA
0! PfOt«tfon
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2016
5.9%
3.4%
69.1%
21.6%


63.2%
33.5%

0.6%
97.3%
96.7%
0.3%
49.1%
33.5%
17.3%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2017
6.2%
3.2%
59.2%
31.4%


70.6%
26.8%

0.3%
97.7%
97.4%
0.3%
50.9%
35.6%
13.5%
Sedan/Wagon
Four Wheel Drive
2018
3.5%
7.0%
66.3%
23.2%


70.3%
23.0%

0.7%
94.0%
93.6%
0.7%
45.0%
39.8%
15.3%
Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1975
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1976
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1977
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1978
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1979
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1980
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1981
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1982
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1983
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1984
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1985
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1986
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1987
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1988
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1989
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1990
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1991
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1992
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1993
















Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1994
54.8%

45.2%




100.0%


73.8%





Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1995
100.0%






100.0%








Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1996
23.2%

76.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1997
28.5%

71.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1998
13.0%

87.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1999
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


100.0%
29.7%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2000
3.2%

96.8%




100.0%


100.0%
39.4%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2001
6.3%

93.7%




100.0%


81.2%
27.0%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2002
7.2%

92.6%
0.2%



100.0%


78.8%
32.9%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2003
8.1%

79.0%
12.9%



100.0%


90.5%
28.2%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2004
5.9%

85.5%
8.6%



100.0%


87.2%
43.5%




Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2005
4.4%

89.5%
6.0%



100.0%


79.8%
27.0%
0.7%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2006
3.2%

90.1%
6.7%



100.0%


88.5%
32.6%
1.4%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2007
1.4%

94.0%
4.6%



100.0%


86.8%
47.3%
1.9%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2008
0.8%

92.7%
6.5%


2.5%
97.5%


91.9%
54.3%
2.7%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2009
0.6%

84.7%
14.7%


1.4%
98.6%


95.7%
75.1%
2.9%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2010
0.2%

90.4%
9.4%


19.9%
80.1%


100.0%
99.9%
1.5%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2011
0.6%

90.4%
9.0%


20.8%
79.2%


100.0%
99.8%
0.6%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2012
0.5%

85.7%
13.7%


33.8%
66.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.5%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2013
0.4%

88.8%
10.8%


45.3%
54.7%


99.9%
99.9%
0.4%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2014
0.8%

89.0%
10.3%


48.4%
51.5%


99.9%
99.9%
0.1%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-8
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2015
1540
0.905
33.0
22.0
29.3
25.7
0.0
0.0
346.4
3818
46.2

149
196
8.9
1.331
0.0509
49.2


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2016
1597
0.854
34.0
22.7
30.0
26.4
0.0
0.0
336.8
3738
45.9

142
190
8.9
1.359
0.0505
49.5


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2017
1722
0.878
34.0
22.6
30.3
26.4
0.0
0.0
336.3
3817
46.3

137
191
8.9
1.441
0.0498
50.6


Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.908
35.0
23.4
30.4
26.9
0.0
0.0
330.6
3746
45.8

129
184
9.0
1.494
0.0491
50.6


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
10
1.000
13.1
10.1
12.6
11.1
851.4
699.4
798.5
4000


262
113

0.430
0.0282
22.6


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
11
1.000
12.4
9.4
12.5
10.6
886.4
690.7
839.9
3986


263
123

0.467
0.0309
22.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
19
1.000
14.3
11.2
13.6
12.2
768.4
633.2
730.7
4000


261
124

0.477
0.0311
25.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
16
1.000
13.6
10.4
13.5
11.6
828.9
647.7
767.9
4000


262
126
14.2
0.481
0.0315
23.8


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
16
1.000
16.8
13.9
14.8
14.3
604.1
577.2
622.9
3271


185
99
16.4
0.576
0.0300
23.6


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
0
1.000
17.2
13.9
15.5
14.6
631.4
572.1
609.7
4000


280
122
16.1
0.436
0.0305
29.4


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
0
1.000
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
647.9
553.4
605.4
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
29.4


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
13
1.000
23.4
20.2
19.3
19.8
437.7
457.8
449.6
2630


159
88
17.3
0.557
0.0335
26.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
34
1.000
24.3
19.5
22.4
20.7
454.4
388.3
429.6
3124


163
101
15.4
0.617
0.0325
32.7


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
55
1.000
22.6
17.5
22.1
19.3
505.4
390.4
460.7
3487


179
109
15.2
0.615
0.0313
33.9


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
88
1.000
23.5
17.6
24.2
20.1
502.8
366.3
442.6
3469


171
109
15.1
0.637
0.0314
34.9


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
59
1.000
22.3
17.1
21.7
18.9
516.6
408.6
469.6
3479


170
121
13.5
0.713
0.0348
33.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
95
1.000
22.9
17.1
23.1
19.4
517.6
384.6
457.5
3492


179
131
13.0
0.730
0.0374
34.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
109
1.000
22.7
17.1
22.5
19.2
519.1
393.0
461.7
3495


199
142
12.4
0.719
0.0405
33.7


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
108
1.000
22.7
17.1
22.1
19.1
519.8
402.0
465.0
3497


226
148
11.4
0.668
0.0422
33.5


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
65
1.000
22.5
16.9
21.5
18.8
522.4
410.8
471.6
3518


209
146
10.9
0.714
0.0415
33.2


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
224
1.000
21.8
16.4
20.5
18.2
534.3
427.9
488.1
3733


215
145
11.8
0.680
0.0385
34.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
243
1.000
21.4
16.1
20.1
17.8
544.4
435.5
498.1
3713


210
153
11.1
0.734
0.0409
33.2


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
473
1.000
20.4
15.0
19.6
17.0
582.1
448.2
521.9
3848


238
179
9.5
0.757
0.0462
32.9


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
323
0.974
21.8
16.1
20.5
18.1
544.5
429.6
491.7
3728


210
163
9.9
0.789
0.0434
33.6


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
220
0.999
21.5
15.7
20.5
17.8
556.4
430.0
499.0
3764


214
165
10.2
0.783
0.0436
33.6


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
269
0.937
22.0
15.9
20.8
18.1
551.0
424.6
490.6
3761


221
170
10.2
0.790
0.0451
34.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
287
0.797
22.5
16.3
20.9
18.4
535.2
420.5
482.4
3686


207
169
10.1
0.847
0.0459
34.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
408
0.897
21.7
15.6
20.4
17.8
567.2
434.8
499.6
3895


229
173
10.4
0.775
0.0445
34.7


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
413
0.846
22.1
15.8
20.5
18.0
560.4
433.0
494.3
3898


223
171
10.5
0.791
0.0439
35.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
538
0.873
21.5
15.3
19.9
17.5
578.0
445.9
508.8
3915


221
174
10.0
0.812
0.0445
34.2


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
467
0.629
22.1
15.7
20.1
17.8
559.5
439.4
498.3
3844


209
179
9.7
0.883
0.0465
34.4


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
268
0.445
21.4
15.1
19.6
17.3
585.8
452.8
513.9
3935


208
183
9.8
0.898
0.0463
34.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
196
0.341
21.9
15.4
20.0
17.6
577.7
443.5
503.7
3991


218
194
9.4
0.900
0.0486
35.3


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
151
0.237
22.4
15.4
20.7
18.0
577.5
428.2
494.0
4042


213
204
9.2
0.961
0.0502
36.4


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
93
0.115
21.9
14.9
20.5
17.6
595.3
433.5
503.7
4249


224
236
8.5
1.055
0.0552
37.5


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
103
0.137
22.4
15.2
20.9
18.0
582.8
424.2
493.9
4231


216
231
8.7
1.069
0.0542
38.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
92
0.100
22.5
15.4
20.9
18.1
577.6
425.6
491.7
4280


233
244
8.3
1.047
0.0569
38.7


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
71
0.076
22.7
15.4
21.3
18.3
576.0
417.2
486.5
4406
47.3

222
257
8.2
1.165
0.0586
40.3


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
31
0.050
23.3
15.8
21.7
18.7
561.6
409.7
475.7
4479
48.9

223
269
7.9
1.210
0.0600
41.9


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
25
0.028
23.3
15.8
21.6
18.7
560.9
410.4
475.8
4500
46.9

226
264
7.8
1.174
0.0588
42.1


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
19
0.015
23.7
16.1
22.0
19.0
552.4
403.9
467.9
4246
47.3

222
271
7.4
1.226
0.0639
40.3


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
49
0.039
23.8
16.2
22.0
19.1
546.4
402.7
465.2
4098
45.8

219
233
8.4
1.069
0.0567
39.2


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
24
0.016
26.5
18.0
23.9
20.9
491.6
370.6
424.4
4429
47.3

217
290
7.4
1.337
0.0651
46.5


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-9
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2015
0.6%
0.0%
77.2%
22.2%


49.5%
50.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2016
0.8%
1.8%
70.2%
27.2%


47.4%
52.6%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2017
0.2%
1.7%
79.4%
18.7%


52.9%
47.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



Car SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2018
0.5%
1.0%
79.0%
19.6%


51.8%
46.8%

1.4%
100.0%
98.6%
0.5%



Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
68.3%
31.7%



100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
69.1%
30.9%



100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
37.7%
58.3%
3.9%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
3.9%
9.4%
86.8%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1981


100.0%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
4.6%
86.5%
8.9%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
19.3%
37.6%
43.2%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
19.4%
15.8%
64.8%


100.0%










Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
15.9%

84.1%


94.7%


5.3%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
18.1%

81.9%


13.1%

0.0%
86.8%
0.0%






Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
14.3%

85.7%




32.8%
67.2%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
24.6%

75.4%




48.2%
51.8%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
27.4%

72.6%


1.4%

44.7%
53.9%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
35.1%
1.8%
63.0%


5.1%

63.3%
31.6%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
22.2%
0.1%
77.7%


0.8%

49.3%
49.9%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
24.6%

75.4%


1.2%

68.4%
30.3%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
10.9%

89.1%


0.7%

90.6%
8.7%







Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
20.6%
7.8%
71.6%




91.9%
8.1%

9.8%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
17.3%

82.7%




90.8%
9.2%

19.1%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
14.9%

85.1%




100.0%


27.9%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
21.8%
7.7%
70.5%




100.0%


43.0%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
10.9%

89.1%




100.0%


21.0%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
8.9%

91.1%




100.0%


27.3%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


24.4%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


20.6%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


59.8%





Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
5.4%

94.6%




100.0%


24.9%
2.9%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
6.3%

93.7%




100.0%


35.9%
11.6%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


59.5%
49.9%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


68.6%
46.1%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
3.9%

96.1%




100.0%


75.1%
54.5%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
94.5%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


100.0%
72.2%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


49.3%
49.3%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
0.2%

99.8%



53.8%
46.2%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-10
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
20
0.013
26.7
18.1
24.6
21.3
490.0
360.4
417.8
4500
47.1

220
296
7.2
1.355
0.0659
48.0


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
24
0.014
27.5
18.5
25.3
21.8
477.3
348.1
406.8
4457
47.3

211
294
7.2
1.423
0.0659
48.9


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
22
0.012
31.7
21.2
28.4
24.8
416.3
311.2
358.7
4053
49.7

133
250
7.0
1.923
0.0615
50.4


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
40
0.020
30.8
20.8
27.7
24.3
425.0
319.2
366.4
4060
49.4

134
251
7.1
1.911
0.0616
49.3


Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.015
32.3
21.8
28.4
25.1
408.6
313.1
354.2
4000
49.8

121
241
7.0
1.984
0.0603
50.2


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1975




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1976




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1977




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1978




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1979




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1980




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1981




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1982




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1983




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1984




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1985




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1986




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1987




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1988




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1989




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1990




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1991




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1992




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1993




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1994




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1995




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1996




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1997




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1998




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1999




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2000




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2001




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2002




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2003




















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2004
22
0.034
20.2
13.6
19.6
16.4
653.2
453.3
540.9
4500


250
286
7.8
1.149
0.0636
37.0


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2005
118
0.145
23.8
16.0
22.6
19.2
552.3
392.0
463.4
4113


208
195
9.5
0.935
0.0472
39.4


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2006
64
0.086
23.1
15.5
21.8
18.6
570.2
406.8
478.2
4205


209
202
9.5
0.959
0.0477
39.0


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2007
43
0.047
23.7
15.9
22.5
19.1
554.9
393.4
465.2
4222


210
203
9.5
0.964
0.0478
40.3


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2008
49
0.053
23.6
15.8
22.5
19.0
559.3
393.9
467.5
4273
49.1

211
214
9.3
1.007
0.0499
40.5


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2009
17
0.028
23.2
15.5
22.3
18.7
566.9
396.6
474.5
4232
49.0

210
210
9.2
0.997
0.0496
39.6


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2010
81
0.089
27.5
18.4
25.5
21.9
477.6
343.7
405.5
4272
48.3

165
225
8.9
1.356
0.0524
47.0


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2011
117
0.097
26.0
17.3
24.5
20.8
511.9
361.8
427.1
4229
48.8

164
221
9.0
1.335
0.0517
44.0


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2012
184
0.145
26.5
17.7
24.4
21.0
499.8
361.7
423.7
4214
48.6

176
230
8.7
1.308
0.0544
44.3


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-ll
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2014


100.0%



26.6%
73.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2015


100.0%



78.5%
21.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2016


100.0%



89.4%
10.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2017


100.0%



88.1%
11.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1975
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1976
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1977
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1978
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1979
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1980
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1981
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1982
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1983
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1984
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1985
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1986
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1987
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1988
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1989
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1990
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1991
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1992
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1993
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1994
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1995
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1996
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1997
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1998
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1999
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2000
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2001
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2002
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2003
















Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2005


100.0%




100.0%


11.3%
11.3%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
20.5%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2007


100.0%




100.0%


22.2%
22.2%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2008


100.0%




100.0%


36.5%
36.5%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2009


100.0%




100.0%


32.6%
32.6%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2010


100.0%



97.4%
2.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2011


100.0%



94.3%
5.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2012


100.0%



82.6%
17.4%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-12
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2013
118
0.078
26.4
17.9
24.3
21.0
493.1
365.0
422.7
4298
48.1

185
263
8.0
1.451
0.0609
45.3


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2014
121
0.077
25.9
17.4
23.6
20.5
507.6
375.8
434.4
4356
48.0

183
252
8.3
1.397
0.0575
44.5


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2015
138
0.081
26.5
18.0
24.0
21.0
492.1
369.6
424.0
4322
48.1

188
263
8.0
1.414
0.0606
45.4


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2016
250
0.134
32.4
22.1
28.3
25.2
0.0
0.0
345.4
4043
46.8

143
213
9.1
1.408
0.0513
62.0


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2017
200
0.102
31.1
21.3
27.5
24.4
0.0
0.0
355.2
4149
48.1

142
252
8.7
1.464
0.0576
64.2


Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.077
32.8
22.5
28.0
25.3
0.0
0.0
336.8
4121
47.9

128
252
CO
CO
1.464
0.0571
64.9


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1975




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1976




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1977




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1978




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1979




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1980




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1981
1
0.003
17.9
13.8
17.5
15.2
644.4
507.0
582.9
4115


318
135
14.1
0.425
0.0329
31.3


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1982




















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1983
1
0.002
39.0
33.5
32.3
32.9
303.0
314.0
309.0
2250


97
52
21.7
0.536
0.0231
37.2


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1984
151
0.223
24.7
19.6
23.1
21.0
450.3
380.0
423.5
3341


143
97
17.0
0.680
0.0293
35.3


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1985
260
0.304
23.7
18.9
21.9
20.1
469.1
401.7
441.5
3422


148
100
16.8
0.681
0.0294
34.5


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1986
255
0.244
24.4
19.2
22.8
20.7
460.1
388.4
429.0
3442


150
100
16.2
0.669
0.0291
35.7


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1987
307
0.275
24.6
19.1
23.1
20.8
464.4
382.9
427.9
3503


163
122
14.8
0.741
0.0347
36.4


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1988
411
0.363
24.1
18.3
23.1
20.3
482.9
383.4
437.5
3714


173
133
14.5
0.765
0.0359
37.7


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1989
439
0.344
24.1
18.4
22.8
20.2
482.1
389.7
439.1
3724


168
131
14.1
0.776
0.0350
37.7


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1990
590
0.468
23.9
17.9
23.0
20.0
494.1
385.8
443.5
3828


184
135
12.9
0.733
0.0354
38.4


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1991
395
0.382
23.8
17.9
22.5
19.9
495.6
395.2
447.4
3919


186
136
13.2
0.727
0.0346
38.9


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1992
554
0.454
23.8
17.6
22.7
19.8
501.9
390.2
448.4
3894


187
139
12.6
0.742
0.0355
38.6


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1993
718
0.498
23.8
17.4
22.9
19.8
509.0
387.2
449.6
3838


188
143
11.4
0.763
0.0373
37.9


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1994
742
0.523
23.5
17.1
22.5
19.5
516.7
393.8
455.6
3902


193
145
11.3
0.755
0.0373
38.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1995
1019
0.613
23.5
16.9
22.8
19.5
524.6
388.6
456.1
3889


206
146
11.5
0.722
0.0375
37.9


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1996
1040
0.738
23.5
16.7
22.7
19.4
529.2
390.4
458.5
4061


203
166
11.3
0.824
0.0409
39.4


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1997
819
0.648
23.5
16.7
22.7
19.4
531.4
391.1
458.7
4048


195
162
11.5
0.832
0.0400
39.2


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1998
1166
0.783
23.8
16.7
23.1
19.6
531.6
384.2
454.1
4025


202
173
11.2
0.864
0.0431
39.4


Van
Front Wheel Drive
1999
1112
0.760
23.5
16.4
22.9
19.3
541.8
387.5
460.1
4147


204
176
11.2
0.863
0.0423
40.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2000
1363
0.806
23.8
16.5
23.0
19.5
538.8
385.7
456.9
4168


202
178
10.7
0.888
0.0427
40.5


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2001
854
0.693
24.3
16.7
23.3
19.8
530.6
380.6
449.4
4242


201
189
10.2
0.946
0.0447
42.0


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2002
1048
0.843
24.0
16.5
22.9
19.5
538.4
385.9
455.9
4319


207
198
10.1
0.959
0.0458
42.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2003
1029
0.835
24.4
16.6
23.2
19.7
535.0
381.1
450.8
4293


209
199
9.9
0.955
0.0464
42.3


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2004
826
0.866
24.3
16.3
23.4
19.6
544.4
379.1
452.7
4428


212
212
9.6
1.007
0.0480
43.5


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2005
1321
0.892
24.4
16.3
23.3
19.6
544.1
380.9
452.6
4392


212
208
9.7
0.984
0.0474
43.2


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2006
1047
0.898
24.7
16.5
23.7
19.9
538.8
374.5
446.0
4424


213
210
9.7
0.992
0.0475
44.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2007
795
0.938
24.4
16.3
23.4
19.7
545.3
379.0
451.4
4449


217
225
9.4
1.040
0.0505
43.8


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2008
734
0.929
24.9
16.6
23.8
20.1
534.5
372.1
443.0
4500
53.8

218
219
9.6
1.009
0.0486
45.2


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2009
346
0.941
25.3
16.8
24.1
20.3
525.3
368.2
437.3
4543
54.1

212
219
9.4
1.038
0.0481
46.2


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2010
538
0.963
25.2
16.8
24.0
20.3
523.5
370.1
438.3
4511
53.9

212
211
9.7
1.003
0.0466
45.8


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2011
476
0.914
26.8
17.9
25.1
21.4
495.3
353.7
415.5
4441
55.1

209
259
8.3
1.237
0.0580
47.5


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-13
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2013


100.0%



76.1%
23.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2014


100.0%



96.2%
3.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2015


100.0%
0.0%


84.9%
15.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2016

17.5%
55.5%
27.0%


55.9%
37.0%


92.9%
92.9%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2017

24.7%
75.3%



88.3%
3.2%


91.4%
91.4%




Car SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2018

23.3%
76.7%



88.2%



88.2%
88.2%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
1975
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1976
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1977
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1978
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1979
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1980
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Van
Front Wheel Drive
1982
















Van
Front Wheel Drive
1983
33.3%
66.7%







100.0%






Van
Front Wheel Drive
1984
25.1%
69.3%
5.6%

0.0%
98.7%



1.3%






Van
Front Wheel Drive
1985
12.4%
83.2%
4.4%


99.9%

0.1%








Van
Front Wheel Drive
1986
8.7%
85.2%
6.1%


99.9%


0.1%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1987
5.5%
40.3%
54.1%


48.2%

51.6%
0.2%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1988
3.0%
18.5%
78.4%




79.2%
20.8%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1989
2.6%
38.6%
58.8%




72.7%
27.3%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1990
1.9%
1.5%
96.7%




67.9%
32.1%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1991
0.2%

99.8%




70.5%
29.5%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1992
2.4%

97.6%




82.0%
18.0%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1993
1.6%

98.4%




88.8%
11.2%







Van
Front Wheel Drive
1994
0.6%

99.4%




90.8%
9.2%

0.3%





Van
Front Wheel Drive
1995
0.1%

99.9%




93.2%
6.8%

3.3%





Van
Front Wheel Drive
1996
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


5.6%





Van
Front Wheel Drive
1997


100.0%




100.0%


7.5%





Van
Front Wheel Drive
1998


100.0%




100.0%


12.0%





Van
Front Wheel Drive
1999


100.0%




100.0%


16.4%
10.8%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2000


100.0%




100.0%


26.8%
18.6%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2001


100.0%




100.0%


32.6%
24.5%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2002


100.0%




100.0%


33.7%
24.7%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2003


100.0%




100.0%


30.9%
23.5%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2004


100.0%




100.0%


57.3%
50.1%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2005


97.0%
3.0%



100.0%


38.0%
26.2%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2006


96.6%
3.4%



100.0%


48.2%
38.6%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2007


96.8%
3.2%



100.0%


53.9%
51.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2008
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


53.1%
50.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2009
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


60.7%
48.1%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2010
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


52.7%
36.9%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2011


96.6%
3.4%



100.0%


100.0%
94.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-14
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Van
Front Wheel Drive
2012
619
0.934
27.1
18.0
25.5
21.6
491.8
347.2
410.6
4388
54.3

206
255
8.4
1.226
0.0576
47.5


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2013
531
0.931
26.8
17.8
25.3
21.4
497.3
350.8
415.3
4491
54.4

206
257
8.5
1.241
0.0568
48.0


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2014
627
0.933
27.1
18.0
25.5
21.7
490.6
347.3
410.4
4434
54.7

210
261
8.2
1.237
0.0585
48.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2015
617
0.941
27.8
18.5
25.7
22.0
476.3
344.6
403.5
4363
54.5

201
249
8.4
1.228
0.0566
48.1


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2016
598
0.948
27.4
18.2
25.7
21.8
486.4
344.4
407.0
4418
55.0

206
256
8.3
1.239
0.0578
48.3


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2017
570
0.925
28.3
18.5
26.7
22.5
464.8
330.4
395.4
4451
55.5

205
266
7.9
1.288
0.0594
50.5


Van
Front Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.939
29.3
19.3
27.1
23.1
386.8
320.5
382.3
4446
54.9

202
261
7.8
1.284
0.0584
52.7


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
457
1.000
13.1
10.6
11.9
11.1
819.3
717.6
800.2
4196


318
143

0.448
0.0341
23.8


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
502
1.000
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
783.1
675.3
754.2
4200


324
146

0.447
0.0347
25.2


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
514
1.000
14.7
11.9
13.3
12.5
729.6
653.9
710.2
4252


332
152

0.458
0.0359
26.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
625
1.000
14.2
11.6
12.7
12.1
746.7
680.9
735.7
4250


329
149
13.4
0.453
0.0351
26.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
481
1.000
13.5
11.1
12.1
11.5
780.3
716.8
773.8
4541


322
144
15.5
0.451
0.0317
26.5


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
242
1.000
16.6
13.3
15.4
14.1
658.2
566.3
628.7
4353


288
131
16.5
0.459
0.0299
31.0


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
244
0.997
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
628.0
546.4
598.8
4325


284
129
16.5
0.458
0.0298
32.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
311
1.000
17.3
13.9
15.9
14.7
629.4
551.8
604.5
4342


287
132
17.6
0.463
0.0303
32.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
382
0.998
17.7
14.1
16.5
15.1
627.3
532.5
593.1
4418


295
136
15.6
0.466
0.0307
33.7


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
525
0.777
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
613.6
519.8
589.2
4286


280
134
15.5
0.497
0.0311
32.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
593
0.693
18.0
14.3
16.8
15.3
599.1
508.1
579.9
4222


275
142
14.7
0.533
0.0335
32.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
776
0.743
19.5
15.3
18.4
16.6
568.9
469.0
536.8
4198


255
137
14.2
0.559
0.0327
35.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
786
0.705
19.6
15.2
18.7
16.6
573.6
463.7
534.6
4169


253
151
13.5
0.622
0.0362
34.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
713
0.630
19.8
15.1
19.0
16.7
580.4
458.4
532.7
4256


262
155
13.5
0.615
0.0366
35.7


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
830
0.649
19.8
15.0
19.1
16.7
581.6
455.3
531.8
4239


257
155
13.0
0.627
0.0366
35.7


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
589
0.467
19.3
14.5
18.6
16.2
605.1
469.7
548.8
4369


270
162
12.0
0.619
0.0372
35.6


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
526
0.509
20.1
15.0
19.3
16.8
585.5
451.1
528.8
4305


249
157
12.3
0.664
0.0366
36.4


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
600
0.491
19.8
14.7
19.0
16.6
594.2
461.0
536.5
4360


256
163
11.8
0.664
0.0375
36.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
658
0.456
20.2
14.9
19.5
16.9
590.7
448.7
526.7
4351


249
166
10.9
0.692
0.0383
36.8


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
585
0.413
19.5
14.3
18.6
16.2
613.9
471.0
549.3
4439


268
176
10.6
0.669
0.0397
36.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
492
0.296
19.0
13.9
18.0
15.7
632.9
485.9
564.4
4536


289
186
10.5
0.660
0.0414
35.8


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
336
0.239
19.2
13.9
18.2
15.9
628.5
478.2
560.0
4560


273
185
11.1
0.691
0.0406
36.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
387
0.306
19.8
14.2
18.8
16.3
619.7
468.3
545.3
4578


269
200
10.5
0.748
0.0437
37.4


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
274
0.184
19.5
13.9
18.5
16.0
633.6
476.5
555.0
4758


280
209
10.7
0.750
0.0441
38.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
311
0.213
18.9
13.5
17.8
15.5
655.5
495.5
573.6
4821


285
208
10.8
0.731
0.0431
37.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
282
0.167
19.1
13.6
17.8
15.6
647.9
494.0
569.1
4717


283
208
10.2
0.735
0.0441
36.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
272
0.221
18.9
13.3
17.9
15.4
663.7
494.3
575.3
4957


290
225
9.8
0.779
0.0454
38.3


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
157
0.126
18.7
13.2
17.2
15.1
667.9
511.6
586.6
4806


284
213
10.1
0.752
0.0445
36.5


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
141
0.114
19.4
13.6
17.7
15.6
650.9
496.3
568.4
4930


283
218
10.1
0.767
0.0441
38.6


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
81
0.085
20.1
13.9
18.5
16.2
637.8
477.4
549.6
4947


281
222
10.0
0.785
0.0448
39.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
79
0.054
19.9
13.8
18.2
16.0
644.1
487.4
556.2
4847


277
214
10.0
0.769
0.0442
38.6


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
66
0.057
19.4
13.4
17.7
15.6
660.4
501.1
570.6
5139


281
226
10.1
0.800
0.0438
40.0


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
28
0.033
20.0
13.8
18.4
16.1
641.4
483.0
552.0
5159


278
220
10.5
0.785
0.0424
41.5


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
24
0.031
20.3
14.1
18.3
16.2
627.5
484.8
548.2
5189
63.5

277
222
10.5
0.794
0.0425
42.0


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
13
0.034
20.5
14.2
18.5
16.4
622.2
475.6
542.1
5185
62.5

277
220
10.3
0.786
0.0420
42.6


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
12
0.021
20.7
14.3
18.9
16.6
620.6
467.5
536.1
5249
63.5

280
226
10.4
0.799
0.0426
43.5


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-15
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Van
Front Wheel Drive
2012
0.2%

96.4%
3.4%



100.0%


100.0%
94.1%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2013
0.1%

96.7%
3.2%



100.0%


100.0%
92.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2014
0.1%

96.9%
3.0%


0.3%
99.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2015


91.4%
8.6%


5.2%
94.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2016


97.0%
3.0%


8.8%
91.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Front Wheel Drive
2017


93.2%
6.8%


6.4%
93.6%


100.0%
100.0%
0.6%



Van
Front Wheel Drive
2018


90.4%
9.6%


38.9%
61.1%


100.0%
100.0%
3.4%



Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
23.3%
76.7%



99.8%


0.2%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
20.5%
79.5%



99.7%


0.3%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
14.3%
85.7%



99.6%


0.4%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
13.0%
87.0%



99.6%


0.4%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
14.8%
78.4%
6.8%


98.2%


1.8%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
26.0%
35.0%
39.0%


93.5%


6.5%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
21.7%
31.5%
46.8%


95.4%


4.6%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
15.7%
38.5%
45.8%


95.2%


3.0%
1.8%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
12.0%
28.6%
59.4%


92.2%


3.5%
4.4%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
12.7%
30.3%
57.1%


86.2%

8.6%
4.0%
1.2%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
8.4%
25.1%
66.5%


86.2%

9.1%
4.2%
0.4%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
6.9%
14.3%
78.8%


48.3%

29.4%
21.9%
0.5%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
5.1%
20.7%
74.1%


14.2%

43.0%
42.8%
0.1%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
3.1%
17.3%
79.6%


0.4%

43.5%
56.0%
0.2%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
2.5%
11.2%
86.3%




49.9%
50.0%
0.1%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
1.6%
8.0%
90.4%

0.1%


44.4%
55.4%
0.1%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
1.5%
4.2%
94.3%




53.1%
46.7%
0.1%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
0.7%
4.1%
95.2%




60.3%
39.6%
0.1%






Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
0.8%
3.6%
95.6%




66.3%
33.7%







Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
0.3%
5.1%
94.7%




66.6%
33.4%

2.6%





Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1995

5.6%
94.4%




71.6%
28.4%

3.3%





Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1996

6.8%
93.2%




100.0%


5.3%





Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1997

1.4%
98.6%




100.0%


3.1%





Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1998


100.0%




100.0%


2.3%





Van
Rear Wheel Drive
1999


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2000


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2001


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2002


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2003


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2004


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2005


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2006


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2007


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2008


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2009


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2010


100.0%




100.0%



29.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-16
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
15
0.029
19.1
13.3
17.6
15.5
656.1
495.3
574.7
5534
64.2

290
236
10.3
0.805
0.0423
43.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
23
0.035
19.6
13.6
18.1
15.9
643.7
483.5
560.5
5393
63.8

283
228
10.7
0.797
0.0420
42.9


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
16
0.028
19.5
13.6
17.9
15.8
644.6
486.8
563.8
5442
64.3

285
230
10.4
0.799
0.0420
43.1


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
19
0.029
18.9
13.1
17.5
15.3
672.9
502.4
580.5
5416
64.1

285
229
10.4
0.797
0.0420
41.5


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
8
0.013
19.2
13.2
18.2
15.6
664.0
485.4
568.3
6186
62.6

251
281
9.2
1.143
0.0455
48.6


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
17
0.028
23.5
16.4
20.4
18.5
516.7
427.1
481.7
5390
59.4

180
246
9.2
1.460
0.0456
50.2


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
13
0.021
22.1
15.5
19.1
17.4
542.6
450.5
512.1
5532
60.2

196
254
9.2
1.403
0.0459
48.7


Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.025
24.8
17.3
21.1
19.3
500.1
413.3
461.1
5198
59.1

160
236
9.2
1.541
0.0452
50.3


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1975




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1976




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1977




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1978




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1979




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1980




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1981




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1982




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1983




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1984




















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1985
3
0.003
25.0
19.2
24.8
21.4
463.1
358.6
416.2
3000


122
88
16.0
0.721
0.0293
32.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1986
13
0.013
25.1
19.1
24.8
21.4
464.2
358.8
416.1
3000


122
88
15.3
0.721
0.0293
32.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1987
21
0.019
24.2
19.0
22.4
20.5
464.0
387.1
434.2
3459


128
94
16.4
0.739
0.0276
35.6


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1988
9
0.008
26.2
20.0
25.1
22.1
445.0
352.1
402.6
3378


125
97
15.9
0.777
0.0289
37.2


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1989
9
0.007
23.4
17.9
22.0
19.7
491.4
398.1
452.2
3567


136
106
15.3
0.781
0.0299
35.1


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1990
83
0.066
20.1
15.2
19.1
16.9
583.2
463.5
526.5
4050


202
151
12.5
0.765
0.0375
34.2


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1991
113
0.109
20.6
15.5
19.6
17.2
573.6
452.0
515.8
4076


200
152
12.5
0.778
0.0374
35.2


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1992
67
0.055
20.3
15.1
19.3
16.9
584.8
458.2
525.1
4409


212
162
12.3
0.774
0.0366
37.3


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1993
65
0.045
20.3
15.0
19.5
16.9
592.3
454.9
525.3
4571


229
174
11.1
0.765
0.0381
38.7


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1994
91
0.064
20.7
15.1
19.9
17.2
586.5
445.2
517.5
4408


219
169
11.1
0.781
0.0383
37.8


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1995
150
0.091
21.7
15.7
20.9
18.0
563.4
421.1
493.7
4210


209
159
11.5
0.775
0.0378
37.9


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1996
33
0.023
20.0
14.5
19.0
16.5
612.6
467.1
538.2
4727


244
177
11.8
0.735
0.0375
39.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1997
59
0.047
20.0
14.3
19.0
16.4
619.3
466.4
540.3
4693


243
179
11.7
0.741
0.0380
38.6


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1998
48
0.032
20.2
14.4
19.3
16.6
616.6
457.1
534.4
4713


238
180
12.0
0.762
0.0382
39.2


Van
Four Wheel Drive
1999
40
0.027
20.4
14.4
19.3
16.7
615.2
455.8
532.1
4747


251
186
11.7
0.745
0.0393
39.7


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2000
46
0.027
20.5
14.5
19.2
16.7
611.4
459.4
530.8
4764


253
181
11.4
0.717
0.0380
39.9


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2001
107
0.087
17.3
12.1
16.5
14.2
721.1
531.4
626.4
5614


300
241
10.2
0.805
0.0428
40.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2002
38
0.030
19.8
13.8
18.8
16.1
633.3
462.9
550.4
4772


240
195
10.9
0.824
0.0411
39.1


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2003
62
0.050
20.7
14.3
19.5
16.8
612.5
445.4
529.6
4839


239
202
10.7
0.854
0.0416
41.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2004
47
0.049
21.6
14.8
20.1
17.4
592.1
434.9
510.6
4731


229
222
9.9
0.994
0.0471
41.5


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2005
81
0.055
22.4
15.4
20.6
18.0
573.7
427.7
494.7
4645


206
213
9.8
1.051
0.0460
41.9


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2006
53
0.045
22.7
15.5
20.9
18.2
570.6
423.5
488.6
4669


205
214
9.9
1.052
0.0459
42.5


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2007
25
0.029
22.7
15.6
20.8
18.2
564.4
424.2
488.7
4695


214
238
9.3
1.129
0.0507
42.7


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2008
32
0.040
22.3
15.2
20.6
17.9
582.3
427.4
496.7
4651
54.0

226
270
8.6
1.211
0.0582
41.6


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2009
9
0.025
21.4
14.7
19.5
17.1
596.7
448.5
519.2
4824
57.0

242
275
8.5
1.169
0.0574
41.3


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-17
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2011


100.0%




100.0%


3.3%
26.1%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2012


100.0%




100.0%



19.9%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2013


100.0%




100.0%



23.1%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2014


100.0%




100.0%



24.1%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2015


100.0%




100.0%


72.0%
100.0%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2016


100.0%



55.2%
44.8%


95.1%
100.0%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2017


100.0%



46.6%
53.4%


90.2%
100.0%




Van
Rear Wheel Drive
2018


100.0%



68.2%
31.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
1975
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1976
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1977
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1978
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1979
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1980
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1981
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1982
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1983
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1984
















Van
Four Wheel Drive
1985
100.0%




100.0%










Van
Four Wheel Drive
1986
100.0%




100.0%










Van
Four Wheel Drive
1987
66.4%

22.9%

10.6%
32.5%

67.5%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
1988
89.7%

10.3%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
1989
59.4%

37.2%

3.5%


100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
1990
3.2%
4.3%
92.5%




85.0%
15.0%







Van
Four Wheel Drive
1991
4.6%

95.4%




85.9%
14.1%







Van
Four Wheel Drive
1992
3.3%

96.7%




91.1%
8.9%







Van
Four Wheel Drive
1993
0.2%
0.4%
99.5%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
1994
0.5%

99.5%




97.5%
2.5%

34.9%





Van
Four Wheel Drive
1995
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


17.0%





Van
Four Wheel Drive
1996
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


15.3%





Van
Four Wheel Drive
1997


100.0%




100.0%


10.2%





Van
Four Wheel Drive
1998


100.0%




100.0%


17.9%





Van
Four Wheel Drive
1999


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
2000


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
2001


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
2002


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
2003


100.0%




100.0%








Van
Four Wheel Drive
2004


100.0%




100.0%


55.6%
55.6%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2005


55.2%
44.8%



100.0%


74.8%
30.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2006


62.4%
37.6%



100.0%


76.9%
39.3%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2007


48.4%
51.6%



100.0%


84.1%
32.5%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2008


100.0%




100.0%


87.4%
41.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2009


100.0%




100.0%


73.2%
73.2%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-18
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Van
Four Wheel Drive
2010
9
0.016
21.1
14.6
19.3
16.9
603.3
455.7
525.0
4919
58.1

250
278
8.7
1.146
0.0569
41.6


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2011
29
0.056
22.7
15.5
21.0
18.2
570.2
421.4
488.1
4958
56.9

223
270
8.7
1.227
0.0545
45.2


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2012
20
0.031
23.4
15.9
21.7
18.8
554.1
403.3
473.6
4979
57.3

229
273
8.6
1.213
0.0550
47.0


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2013
24
0.041
23.2
15.7
21.8
18.7
561.2
403.5
475.7
5094
57.2

227
276
8.7
1.234
0.0541
47.8


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2014
25
0.038
23.1
15.7
21.6
18.6
562.6
405.3
478.1
5116
57.2

231
276
8.7
1.218
0.0540
47.8


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2015
30
0.046
24.3
16.4
22.9
19.6
543.4
387.3
454.4
5000
55.9

212
268
8.7
1.266
0.0536
48.9


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2016
15
0.024
24.2
16.2
22.8
19.4
547.3
389.1
457.6
5039
55.8

212
269
8.7
1.267
0.0534
48.9


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2017
33
0.054
26.2
17.5
24.6
20.9
507.1
361.7
424.3
5000
55.9

211
295
7.8
1.397
0.0590
52.4


Van
Four Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.036
26.2
17.6
24.4
20.9
505.0
363.8
424.5
5000
56.0

211
296
7.7
1.404
0.0592
52.3


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1975




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1976




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1977




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1978




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1979




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1980




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1981




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1982




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1983




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1984




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1985




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1986




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1987




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1988




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1989




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1990




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1991




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1992




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1993




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1994




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1995




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1996




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1997




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1998




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1999




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2000




















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2001
200
0.074
23.5
16.3
22.3
19.1
543.0
398.4
464.7
4412


221
200
9.6
0.916
0.0455
42.2


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2002
60
0.017
25.0
17.6
22.7
20.1
502.5
390.0
442.5
4000


172
201
9.5
1.163
0.0502
40.4


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2003
94
0.026
25.7
18.0
23.0
20.5
490.3
384.3
433.5
3885


165
190
9.6
1.149
0.0489
40.0


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2004
114
0.028
25.3
17.4
23.0
20.2
506.2
384.6
440.8
4060


187
196
9.4
1.074
0.0484
41.0


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2005
97
0.029
25.9
17.8
23.2
20.5
495.8
381.9
432.5
3950


174
198
9.2
1.138
0.0500
40.6


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2006
154
0.051
26.0
17.9
23.2
20.6
478.6
382.5
432.1
4239


189
209
8.9
1.111
0.0493
44.1


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2007
214
0.065
26.0
17.7
23.5
20.6
487.8
377.2
431.2
4283


188
217
8.9
1.154
0.0504
44.2


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2008
309
0.101
25.7
17.4
23.8
20.5
501.8
371.5
432.8
4472
50.1

196
238
8.6
1.214
0.0529
45.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-19
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Van
Four Wheel Drive
2010


100.0%




100.0%


65.2%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2011


100.0%




100.0%


89.7%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2012


100.0%




100.0%


83.9%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2013


100.0%




100.0%


85.6%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2014


100.0%




100.0%


83.3%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2015


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2016


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2017


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Van
Four Wheel Drive
2018


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1975
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1976
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1977
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1978
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1979
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1980
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1981
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1982
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1983
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1984
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1985
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1986
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1987
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1988
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1989
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1990
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1991
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1992
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1993
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1994
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1995
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1996
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1997
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1998
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
1999
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2000
















Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2001


100.0%




100.0%


17.6%
17.6%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2003
4.3%

95.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2004
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


81.8%
81.8%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2005
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2006
1.1%

85.7%
13.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
13.2%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2007
2.4%

74.8%
22.8%



100.0%


100.0%
99.3%
5.5%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2008
1.6%

81.6%
16.8%



100.0%


100.0%
97.6%
1.9%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-20
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2009
300
0.175
24.9
16.7
23.4
20.0
526.1
379.2
445.1
4537
51.3

201
251
8.2
1.255
0.0549
45.3


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2010
327
0.142
25.6
17.2
24.0
20.5
511.9
369.0
433.1
4496
50.9

202
250
8.3
1.239
0.0552
46.1


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2011
423
0.138
25.8
17.4
24.0
20.6
507.2
368.6
430.8
4537
51.7

202
263
8.1
1.301
0.0575
46.7


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2012
381
0.138
25.7
17.2
24.1
20.6
515.2
367.8
432.1
4674
52.9

210
269
8.0
1.285
0.0574
48.1


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2013
455
0.138
26.4
17.7
24.5
21.1
499.8
361.8
422.1
4563
52.0

206
265
8.0
1.293
0.0581
48.0


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2014
475
0.128
26.6
17.8
24.8
21.2
496.4
358.0
419.5
4599
52.6

208
269
8.0
1.296
0.0586
48.7


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2015
523
0.111
26.7
17.9
24.8
21.2
494.4
357.6
418.3
4580
52.1

208
271
7.9
1.300
0.0590
48.7


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2016
551
0.117
26.6
17.6
24.9
21.1
495.9
355.1
420.5
4504
51.5

201
265
7.9
1.320
0.0588
47.8


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2017
720
0.133
27.1
17.9
25.4
21.5
489.1
347.9
413.1
4493
51.5

203
276
7.7
1.358
0.0613
48.5


Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.122
28.8
19.1
26.2
22.6
459.0
337.3
392.8
4340
51.5

194
272
7.4
1.420
0.0625
49.2


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
20
0.111
13.5
10.8
12.4
11.5
813.5
704.4
775.6
4570


357
166

0.463
0.0362
26.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
24
0.105
13.6
10.8
12.7
11.6
808.2
687.8
766.6
4628


356
156

0.435
0.0335
27.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
31
0.116
14.7
11.9
13.4
12.5
733.4
645.4
710.1
4612


352
160

0.451
0.0344
29.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
28
0.076
14.0
11.3
12.7
11.9
774.8
682.8
748.0
4650


348
160
13.4
0.463
0.0345
28.0


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
107
0.278
11.1
9.3
9.5
9.4
948.4
927.9
947.1
5161


367
151
15.5
0.408
0.0291
24.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
20
0.111
14.4
11.4
13.6
12.3
775.4
651.2
723.2
5058


342
162
14.8
0.473
0.0321
31.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
13
0.095
15.9
12.7
14.7
13.6
695.3
602.9
655.5
4910


326
162
14.6
0.498
0.0330
33.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
21
0.138
19.0
14.5
18.8
16.2
634.7
491.6
574.3
5064


334
150
16.3
0.453
0.0299
42.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
22
0.087
17.6
13.6
17.0
15.0
662.6
527.9
611.7
5119


350
154
14.7
0.445
0.0302
40.0


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
38
0.067
16.8
13.0
16.4
14.4
687.7
546.7
628.4
5013


346
156
14.3
0.454
0.0313
36.7


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
56
0.087
16.4
12.8
15.8
14.0
697.6
557.5
639.9
4917


341
159
13.9
0.467
0.0325
35.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
48
0.067
17.0
13.1
16.7
14.5
681.4
532.6
616.2
4960


345
160
13.2
0.466
0.0325
36.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
46
0.059
17.0
12.9
16.6
14.4
687.1
533.9
617.7
5280


344
194
12.3
0.564
0.0367
38.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
49
0.057
17.2
12.9
16.9
14.5
688.2
524.8
612.5
5338


346
186
12.9
0.536
0.0348
38.9


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
53
0.065
17.4
13.0
17.4
14.7
684.5
510.7
604.0
5249


335
194
11.9
0.586
0.0369
38.8


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
48
0.075
17.4
12.8
17.4
14.7
692.6
511.0
606.9
5332


339
202
11.0
0.602
0.0379
39.2


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
33
0.037
17.7
13.1
17.4
14.9
675.7
510.0
598.5
5188


319
196
11.1
0.635
0.0379
38.6


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
35
0.046
17.6
13.1
16.9
14.7
672.7
522.7
604.0
5061


303
194
10.8
0.670
0.0384
37.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
58
0.069
17.6
12.9
16.9
14.7
681.2
523.3
606.4
5192


317
199
10.1
0.649
0.0383
37.9


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
56
0.043
17.0
12.4
16.4
14.1
717.3
541.8
628.6
5500


350
210
10.0
0.600
0.0382
38.9


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
157
0.099
18.8
13.7
18.0
15.6
641.8
491.7
568.9
4761


275
173
10.8
0.652
0.0364
37.2


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
260
0.162
19.3
13.9
18.5
16.0
637.4
477.1
557.2
4652


263
191
10.6
0.747
0.0409
37.1


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
378
0.181
19.5
14.1
18.6
16.1
627.1
476.9
551.7
4629


265
198
10.2
0.764
0.0426
37.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
293
0.138
19.3
13.8
18.3
15.8
636.5
483.4
561.1
4678


272
214
10.1
0.815
0.0457
37.0


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
483
0.206
18.5
13.1
17.6
15.2
670.5
502.9
585.3
4932


297
231
9.8
0.795
0.0467
37.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
416
0.165
18.9
13.4
17.8
15.5
656.5
495.6
574.5
4935


282
228
9.5
0.826
0.0463
38.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
435
0.161
19.0
13.6
17.5
15.5
650.5
506.3
574.8
4960


281
242
9.0
0.873
0.0489
38.2


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
856
0.239
19.7
13.7
18.5
16.0
644.2
479.3
555.2
4842


271
244
9.0
0.907
0.0506
38.7


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
846
0.237
19.3
13.4
18.1
15.6
661.4
488.7
568.0
5111


282
255
8.9
0.914
0.0504
39.9


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
913
0.224
19.5
13.5
18.1
15.8
656.0
486.7
564.1
5012


284
258
CO
CO
0.913
0.0519
39.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
650
0.199
19.9
13.6
18.6
16.0
650.1
475.0
553.8
5083


280
266
8.6
0.954
0.0523
40.8


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
532
0.177
20.0
13.7
18.9
16.2
647.2
468.9
548.7
4993


273
260
8.7
0.954
0.0521
40.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
603
0.182
20.5
14.0
19.3
16.6
632.7
457.4
535.7
5293


288
276
8.7
0.961
0.0523
43.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-21
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2009
0.9%

90.8%
8.3%


20.2%
79.8%


100.0%
83.9%
0.1%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2010
0.8%
2.9%
86.7%
9.6%


35.7%
64.3%


100.0%
86.7%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2011
0.7%

88.9%
10.4%


40.1%
59.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2012


99.3%
0.7%


45.6%
54.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2013


88.5%
11.5%


24.5%
75.5%


100.0%
95.6%




Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2014


86.3%
13.7%


38.6%
61.4%


100.0%
94.5%
0.5%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2015


86.9%
13.1%


32.9%
67.1%


100.0%
97.9%
0.0%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2016


90.8%
9.2%


50.7%
49.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2017


88.6%
11.4%


64.5%
35.5%


100.0%
99.1%
0.0%



Truck SUV
Front Wheel Drive
2018

0.6%
89.9%
9.5%


67.6%
32.4%


100.0%
98.1%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
15.1%
84.9%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
20.1%
79.9%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
17.5%
82.5%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
24.2%
75.8%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
17.2%
81.3%
1.5%


100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
15.1%
0.8%
84.1%


100.0%



0.0%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
2.3%

97.7%


100.0%










Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1982

7.6%
92.4%


62.1%



37.9%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1983

4.9%
95.1%


71.3%



28.7%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1984

11.2%
88.8%


86.3%



13.7%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1985

29.6%
70.4%


93.5%



6.5%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1986

9.0%
91.0%


94.8%



5.2%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1987

8.6%
91.4%


20.5%


76.8%
2.7%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1988

5.6%
94.4%


1.2%


96.6%
2.2%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
3.5%
5.9%
90.6%





98.2%
1.8%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
1.6%
10.0%
88.4%




5.1%
93.2%
1.7%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
5.5%
5.4%
89.1%




17.9%
79.9%
2.2%






Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
8.0%
0.1%
91.9%




30.0%
70.0%







Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
4.7%

95.3%




21.0%
79.0%







Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1994


100.0%





100.0%







Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
12.3%

87.7%




58.9%
41.1%







Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


22.4%





Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
3.7%

96.3%




100.0%


26.2%





Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


31.6%





Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


21.0%





Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


24.6%
1.3%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


31.1%
10.6%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


29.6%
17.7%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


37.8%
23.3%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


41.6%
30.1%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


53.3%
41.9%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


60.5%
53.8%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
0.2%

99.8%




99.9%

0.1%
34.0%
32.8%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-22
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
436
0.142
20.7
14.0
19.6
16.8
627.5
450.3
530.2
5197
51.6

284
282
8.6
0.991
0.0542
43.5


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
129
0.075
21.0
14.2
19.9
17.0
620.0
444.2
523.8
5339
52.7

293
287
8.3
0.979
0.0535
45.3


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
187
0.081
21.5
14.5
20.3
17.4
605.5
435.0
512.0
5288
52.0

283
274
8.5
0.973
0.0518
45.8


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
273
0.089
22.2
15.0
20.8
17.9
587.4
424.5
497.5
5331
53.1

281
299
8.0
1.078
0.0561
47.6


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
176
0.064
22.0
14.9
20.8
17.8
593.1
423.4
500.3
5475
54.4

294
315
7.9
1.089
0.0579
48.6


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
193
0.058
22.3
15.1
20.9
17.9
584.8
422.0
495.8
5552
55.0

296
319
7.8
1.100
0.0577
49.7


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
200
0.054
23.7
16.0
22.3
19.0
548.6
393.7
466.6
5237
53.8

270
309
7.5
1.180
0.0594
49.9


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
303
0.064
24.1
16.2
22.9
19.4
546.0
386.8
458.2
5436
54.8

276
329
7.4
1.222
0.0606
52.7


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
241
0.051
24.4
16.5
22.7
19.5
535.8
389.2
455.3
5422
54.6

279
332
7.4
1.222
0.0611
53.0


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
267
0.049
24.3
16.3
22.8
19.5
539.2
385.0
456.3
5573
54.8

271
336
7.3
1.281
0.0603
54.4


Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.047
25.0
16.7
23.1
19.8
526.1
382.4
448.0
5483
54.5

265
335
7.2
1.306
0.0609
54.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1975
158
0.889
12.9
10.6
11.5
11.0
814.5
739.7
810.2
4169


329
146

0.440
0.0361
22.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1976
208
0.895
13.9
11.3
12.5
11.8
772.2
696.2
753.8
4293


337
140

0.412
0.0332
25.1


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1977
234
0.884
15.2
12.3
13.7
12.9
710.3
636.5
689.4
4201


335
143

0.425
0.0345
26.9


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1978
336
0.924
14.5
11.7
13.2
12.3
747.3
660.7
721.3
4251


342
149
13.2
0.433
0.0353
26.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1979
278
0.722
13.0
10.8
11.4
11.1
798.5
751.6
804.3
4329


325
143
14.5
0.442
0.0336
23.9


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1980
164
0.889
15.7
12.6
14.2
13.3
678.1
608.2
669.6
4135


289
127
15.8
0.451
0.0306
27.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1981
123
0.905
16.9
13.5
15.6
14.4
636.3
551.6
617.8
4135


286
128
15.4
0.456
0.0313
29.8


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1982
129
0.862
17.0
13.6
15.8
14.5
646.9
551.3
622.6
4403


300
130
16.8
0.443
0.0300
32.7


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1983
233
0.913
18.6
14.6
17.8
15.9
594.8
483.4
563.6
4188


257
124
15.5
0.513
0.0300
33.8


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1984
531
0.933
19.2
15.1
18.2
16.3
568.5
469.1
545.0
3979


223
119
15.7
0.561
0.0299
33.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1985
592
0.913
19.7
15.4
19.1
16.8
561.6
448.6
528.9
4014


210
120
15.6
0.594
0.0297
34.2


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1986
666
0.933
20.3
15.9
19.3
17.3
538.8
447.2
516.0
3886


200
125
14.0
0.666
0.0323
33.8


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1987
733
0.941
20.7
16.0
19.7
17.5
532.2
435.3
508.4
3795


204
134
13.6
0.688
0.0352
33.3


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1988
810
0.943
20.4
15.7
19.3
17.2
541.2
443.7
516.9
3819


214
142
13.3
0.691
0.0370
32.9


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1989
765
0.935
19.8
15.2
18.7
16.7
565.2
461.7
532.4
4005


237
153
12.4
0.671
0.0385
33.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1990
594
0.925
19.8
15.0
18.8
16.6
571.2
463.2
535.5
3998


226
151
11.7
0.701
0.0381
33.2


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1991
839
0.963
20.1
15.1
19.2
16.8
579.6
458.4
528.6
4117


230
160
11.6
0.712
0.0391
34.7


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1992
726
0.954
19.5
14.5
18.6
16.3
600.1
471.9
545.8
4162


232
168
11.1
0.741
0.0409
33.9


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1993
780
0.931
19.7
14.6
18.7
16.4
595.5
467.8
541.0
4267


239
177
10.1
0.761
0.0421
35.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1994
1235
0.957
19.4
14.4
18.3
16.1
609.1
479.4
551.9
4278


240
179
10.1
0.763
0.0422
34.5


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1995
1439
0.901
19.4
14.3
18.2
16.0
612.8
480.9
554.0
4275


241
178
10.4
0.761
0.0420
34.3


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1996
1343
0.838
19.7
14.3
18.7
16.3
612.3
468.8
545.8
4335


258
188
10.5
0.744
0.0436
35.3


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1997
1711
0.819
19.6
14.2
18.4
16.1
613.9
478.6
550.7
4427


253
189
10.5
0.765
0.0427
35.7


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1998
1834
0.862
19.7
14.2
18.6
16.2
613.4
471.0
548.1
4414


249
188
10.8
0.781
0.0428
35.8


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1999
1859
0.794
20.0
14.3
18.6
16.3
605.7
472.4
544.5
4411


241
197
10.5
0.847
0.0448
36.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2000
2110
0.835
19.8
14.1
18.3
16.1
616.1
479.3
551.4
4536


247
202
10.1
0.842
0.0446
36.5


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2001
2072
0.765
20.2
14.4
18.5
16.4
604.1
471.4
541.9
4472


232
208
9.7
0.930
0.0466
36.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2002
2672
0.745
20.2
14.2
18.6
16.3
614.8
469.4
543.9
4585


238
224
9.5
0.962
0.0489
37.4


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2003
2631
0.737
20.5
14.3
19.0
16.6
608.2
460.6
536.3
4670


239
228
9.4
0.978
0.0489
38.6


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2004
3048
0.748
20.6
14.2
19.1
16.6
615.0
458.2
535.8
4705


245
236
9.2
0.988
0.0502
39.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2005
2525
0.772
20.9
14.4
19.2
16.8
605.3
454.8
529.2
4702


238
240
9.0
1.030
0.0509
39.5


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2006
2320
0.772
21.5
14.8
19.7
17.2
584.4
444.4
516.6
4683


231
237
9.1
1.040
0.0504
40.5


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-23
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
0.4%

98.7%
0.9%



99.9%

0.1%
45.1%
38.0%
0.9%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
0.2%

97.8%
2.0%



100.0%


22.6%
28.6%
2.0%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
0.1%

99.6%
0.3%



100.0%


42.8%
57.7%
0.3%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
0.1%

99.7%
0.2%


2.3%
97.7%


54.4%
88.8%
0.2%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2012


99.8%
0.2%


3.8%
96.2%


62.5%
100.0%
0.2%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2013


99.8%
0.2%


7.8%
92.2%


52.7%
100.0%
0.2%



Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2014


100.0%



12.2%
87.8%


37.7%
98.7%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2015


100.0%



59.6%
40.1%

0.3%
56.4%
99.7%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2016


100.0%



66.0%
33.8%

0.1%
54.1%
99.9%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2017


100.0%



67.6%
32.4%


64.4%
100.0%




Truck SUV
Rear Wheel Drive
2018


100.0%



65.3%
34.2%

0.4%
69.6%
99.6%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1975
42.9%
57.1%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1976
33.6%
66.4%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1977
34.6%
65.4%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1978
32.8%
67.2%



100.0%










Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1979
39.2%
60.8%



99.7%



0.3%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1980
47.2%
34.0%
18.8%


97.4%



2.6%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1981
45.0%
19.8%
35.1%


100.0%










Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1982
37.0%
25.6%
37.4%


86.8%



13.2%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1983
37.0%
14.5%
48.2%

0.4%
94.4%



5.6%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1984
32.5%
30.1%
37.4%


98.3%



1.7%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1985
32.3%
12.1%
55.6%


92.9%

4.8%
1.1%
1.2%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1986
41.7%
7.4%
50.9%


48.7%

27.8%
22.1%
1.4%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1987
42.1%
9.5%
48.5%


28.2%

35.1%
36.3%
0.3%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1988
36.6%
8.2%
55.3%


18.6%

50.2%
31.1%
0.2%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1989
27.5%
8.6%
63.8%


7.4%

49.5%
42.9%
0.2%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1990
31.3%
3.6%
65.0%


5.6%

60.9%
33.3%
0.2%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1991
22.4%
1.6%
76.0%


0.4%

63.9%
35.5%
0.1%






Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1992
22.4%
0.9%
76.7%




76.7%
23.3%







Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1993
20.2%
1.0%
78.8%




87.5%
12.5%







Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1994
15.9%

84.1%




88.5%
11.5%

14.0%





Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1995
15.3%

84.7%




87.8%
12.2%

16.8%





Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1996
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%

0.0%
11.8%





Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1997
11.0%

89.0%




100.0%

0.0%
17.5%





Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1998
8.5%

91.5%




100.0%

0.0%
20.4%





Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
1999
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


27.8%
3.7%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2000
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


22.3%
2.8%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2001
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


43.5%
14.9%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2002
4.1%

95.8%
0.1%



100.0%


47.6%
25.7%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2003
2.9%

95.4%
1.8%



100.0%


54.3%
34.3%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2004
2.8%

95.8%
1.4%



100.0%

0.0%
55.6%
39.3%




Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2005
2.7%

95.4%
1.9%



99.7%

0.3%
65.7%
50.2%
0.3%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2006
2.9%

91.9%
5.1%



99.7%

0.3%
70.0%
59.1%
3.1%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-24
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2007
2497
0.753
22.1
15.2
20.3
17.7
572.5
430.8
501.1
4722


233
249
9.0
1.087
0.0524
42.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2008
2327
0.757
22.8
15.6
20.8
18.2
554.1
420.7
488.6
4673
48.0

224
245
9.0
1.111
0.0521
42.7


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2009
1285
0.750
24.3
16.6
22.2
19.4
522.2
394.9
458.9
4471
47.6

205
238
CO
CO
1.169
0.0528
43.5


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2010
1792
0.777
24.9
17.0
22.6
19.8
508.1
386.0
449.1
4490
47.5

207
239
CO
CO
1.169
0.0529
44.8


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2011
2373
0.773
25.0
17.1
22.8
19.9
506.8
383.5
446.4
4612
48.9

212
251
8.7
1.200
0.0540
46.1


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2012
2214
0.799
25.3
17.2
23.0
20.1
503.1
380.1
442.7
4567
48.7

209
255
8.5
1.234
0.0554
46.1


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2013
2662
0.804
26.6
18.0
24.1
21.0
478.2
361.5
423.0
4518
48.9

198
251
8.5
1.296
0.0550
47.7


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2014
3031
0.818
27.7
18.7
25.0
21.9
461.2
348.1
407.4
4415
48.4

189
244
8.5
1.309
0.0546
48.5


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2015
3871
0.824
28.3
19.1
25.4
22.3
450.4
341.6
399.7
4456
48.6

191
246
8.5
1.314
0.0545
49.9


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2016
3938
0.833
28.7
19.4
25.7
22.6
441.0
338.0
394.0
4422
48.4

185
246
8.4
1.361
0.0548
50.3


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2017
4415
0.817
28.8
19.5
25.9
22.7
438.6
333.7
391.6
4448
48.8

182
250
8.3
1.415
0.0554
51.0


Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.831
29.9
20.2
26.2
23.2
424.3
332.1
382.7
4394
48.4

173
244
8.3
1.482
0.0549
51.4


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1975




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1976




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1977




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1978




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1979




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1980
26
0.018
31.3
24.8
29.4
26.7
359.7
309.5
348.5
2265


94
65
18.3
0.685
0.0286
32.0


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1981
33
0.023
36.9
29.1
34.8
31.4
328.7
278.3
309.8
2318


99
59
19.1
0.592
0.0253
37.1


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1982
32
0.022
33.0
25.8
31.7
28.1
347.7
290.1
327.8
2439


119
72
18.5
0.605
0.0295
35.1


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1983
31
0.019
31.1
23.8
31.0
26.5
372.7
282.1
335.7
2604


133
89
15.1
0.665
0.0341
34.8


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1984
12
0.006
28.1
21.2
28.6
24.0
417.0
309.0
370.2
2640


135
90
14.6
0.667
0.0342
31.7


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1985




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1986




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1987
0
0.000
20.0
14.5
21.4
17.0
611.9
415.9
521.3
4000


249
135
13.5
0.542
0.0338
34.1


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1988
0
0.000
20.8
15.2
21.9
17.7
586.4
405.7
501.8
4000


275
155
12.4
0.564
0.0388
35.4


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1989




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1990




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1991




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1992




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1993
0
0.000
20.9
14.4
22.7
17.6
616.0
391.7
504.2
4500


299
200
9.3
0.669
0.0444
39.7


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1994




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1995




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1996




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1997




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1998




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1999




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2000




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2001




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2002




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2003




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2004




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2005




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-25
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2007
2.5%

91.8%
5.7%



99.7%

0.3%
65.2%
55.7%
1.4%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2008
2.0%

91.6%
6.4%


2.6%
96.8%

0.6%
73.0%
59.7%
2.7%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2009
1.3%

86.6%
12.1%


5.4%
93.8%

0.8%
84.3%
69.6%
1.8%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2010
2.2%
0.5%
85.5%
11.8%


9.1%
90.1%

0.8%
83.8%
85.0%
1.9%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2011
1.4%
0.0%
85.7%
12.9%


12.1%
86.8%

1.1%
84.1%
91.7%
0.8%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2012
2.1%

85.6%
12.3%


14.7%
83.7%

1.6%
89.4%
94.7%
0.8%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2013
1.5%

83.2%
15.3%


23.8%
75.1%

1.1%
93.0%
98.6%
0.8%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2014
1.5%

80.2%
18.4%


26.3%
72.4%

1.3%
89.4%
97.8%
0.7%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2015
1.2%
0.4%
73.3%
25.1%


36.6%
62.2%

1.2%
92.9%
98.6%
0.6%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2016
1.1%
0.3%
74.0%
24.7%


48.3%
51.0%

0.7%
94.5%
99.3%
1.6%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2017
0.8%
0.6%
74.2%
24.4%


46.3%
53.5%

0.3%
95.3%
99.6%
2.1%



Truck SUV
Four Wheel Drive
2018
1.4%
0.5%
76.6%
21.6%


52.1%
47.0%

0.9%
96.0%
97.5%
4.2%



Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1975
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1976
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1977
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1978
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1979
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1980
94.0%
6.0%






57.3%
42.7%






Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1981
100.0%







27.2%
72.8%






Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1982
77.4%
22.6%



55.3%


10.7%
34.0%






Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1983
55.7%
44.3%



94.5%


2.8%
2.7%






Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1984
71.0%
29.0%



100.0%










Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1985
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1986
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1987


100.0%





100.0%







Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1988


100.0%





100.0%







Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1989
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1990
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1991
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1992
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1993


100.0%




100.0%








Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1994
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1995
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1996
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1997
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1998
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
1999
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2000
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2001
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2002
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2003
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2004
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2005
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-26
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2006




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2007




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2008




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2009




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2010




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2011




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2012




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2013




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2014




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2015




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2016




















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2017
11
0.005
28.2
18.7
26.7
22.5
475.4
333.1
394.3
4500
57.6

214
280
7.6
1.311
0.0622
50.7


Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.003
28.2
18.7
26.4
22.4
475.1
336.8
396.2
4500
57.4

214
280
7.6
1.311
0.0622
50.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
1161
0.865
14.5
11.4
13.8
12.4
736.7
601.8
719.2
3885


299
139

0.499
0.0355
24.6


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
1476
0.791
15.4
12.3
14.2
13.1
687.7
580.9
680.2
3948


305
136

0.476
0.0343
26.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
1593
0.786
16.8
13.5
15.3
14.2
620.5
535.2
624.4
3928


299
142

0.508
0.0359
28.7


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
1656
0.730
16.7
13.6
15.0
14.2
616.7
544.1
627.7
3901


291
138
13.3
0.506
0.0352
28.6


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
1930
0.874
15.5
12.7
13.8
13.2
666.6
595.6
676.7
4170


291
136
14.9
0.495
0.0327
28.1


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
1108
0.771
20.1
16.0
18.6
17.1
537.3
459.0
523.6
3689


235
117
15.4
0.545
0.0318
31.8


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
1164
0.808
21.1
16.7
19.6
17.9
511.9
436.5
498.9
3708


243
117
15.4
0.511
0.0316
33.7


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
1154
0.801
22.0
17.4
20.6
18.7
492.9
416.1
479.9
3595


230
117
16.3
0.542
0.0326
34.2


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
1239
0.761
22.6
17.9
21.3
19.2
474.7
396.8
463.8
3463


210
112
15.1
0.564
0.0320
34.0


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
1526
0.747
22.1
17.4
20.9
18.8
487.8
404.8
474.4
3519


212
112
15.0
0.562
0.0318
33.6


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
1550
0.746
21.9
17.3
20.6
18.7
485.6
406.8
476.4
3527


218
121
14.1
0.585
0.0340
33.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
1895
0.748
23.0
18.1
21.6
19.5
471.2
393.2
455.5
3439


202
117
13.5
0.619
0.0340
33.9


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
1598
0.745
23.5
18.2
22.2
19.9
468.2
382.7
447.1
3386


195
119
13.6
0.635
0.0348
34.0


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
1760
0.716
22.5
17.3
21.4
19.0
493.5
400.0
467.6
3578


220
130
13.3
0.620
0.0360
34.2


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
1586
0.711
22.2
16.9
21.0
18.7
503.6
407.4
476.3
3633


226
137
12.4
0.630
0.0373
34.1


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
1322
0.721
21.7
16.4
20.7
18.2
516.8
414.1
487.3
3759


236
146
11.3
0.651
0.0386
34.6


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
1444
0.752
22.9
17.1
21.8
19.1
500.2
396.0
464.5
3608


222
139
11.5
0.656
0.0383
34.7


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
1356
0.737
21.9
16.3
21.1
18.3
527.7
410.8
485.2
3810


235
145
11.2
0.645
0.0380
35.1


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
1449
0.724
22.2
16.3
21.2
18.5
526.8
408.4
481.2
3825


234
150
10.3
0.668
0.0391
35.4


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
1886
0.707
22.3
16.3
21.1
18.4
526.1
410.9
481.8
3861


235
156
10.2
0.695
0.0403
35.8


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
1521
0.670
21.8
15.9
20.7
18.0
536.9
415.9
492.4
3960


239
158
10.3
0.703
0.0399
36.1


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
1382
0.707
22.0
15.9
20.8
18.1
538.1
413.8
489.8
3992


235
167
10.6
0.744
0.0416
36.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
1573
0.653
21.9
15.7
20.7
18.0
548.4
420.2
493.6
4123


244
184
10.2
0.770
0.0440
37.3


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
1574
0.652
22.3
15.9
21.0
18.2
542.7
414.2
487.3
4021


231
177
10.6
0.788
0.0436
36.9


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
1392
0.547
21.5
15.3
20.3
17.6
567.9
431.0
505.1
4113


241
186
10.4
0.787
0.0448
36.3


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
1609
0.616
21.6
15.3
20.1
17.5
570.6
436.4
506.4
4112


237
190
9.9
0.810
0.0455
36.1


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
1544
0.613
20.7
14.6
19.2
16.8
597.2
456.5
528.0
4341


252
204
9.6
0.818
0.0464
36.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
1372
0.576
20.5
14.5
18.8
16.6
604.8
467.9
536.4
4473


256
214
9.5
0.841
0.0475
37.0


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
1498
0.605
21.0
14.7
19.2
16.9
593.8
456.7
525.5
4444


247
206
9.7
0.843
0.0459
37.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
1344
0.537
20.4
14.2
18.6
16.4
614.8
471.3
541.8
4712


267
234
9.2
0.878
0.0492
38.6


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-27
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2006
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2007
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2008
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2009
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2010
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2011
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2012
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2013
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2014
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2015
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2016
















Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Pickup
Front Wheel Drive
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1975
41.5%
58.5%



100.0%










Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1976
40.3%
59.7%



100.0%










Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1977
39.0%
61.0%



100.0%










Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1978
40.0%
60.0%



98.4%



1.6%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1979
36.3%
62.2%
1.5%


97.2%



2.8%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1980
55.8%
20.9%
23.4%


95.7%



4.3%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1981
52.6%
16.5%
31.0%


93.8%



6.2%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1982
49.4%
17.7%
32.9%


90.2%



9.8%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1983
53.3%
15.4%
31.1%

0.2%
95.7%


0.0%
4.3%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1984
52.1%
15.0%
32.9%


96.0%

1.3%

2.7%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1985
47.9%
15.9%
36.2%


82.2%

11.0%
5.7%
1.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1986
56.7%
12.5%
30.8%


63.3%

18.6%
17.5%
0.6%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1987
58.0%
13.6%
28.4%


43.0%

23.7%
33.1%
0.3%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1988
51.5%
10.6%
37.9%


21.0%

30.1%
48.7%
0.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1989
52.5%
6.0%
41.5%


13.5%

34.0%
52.4%
0.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1990
46.2%
4.7%
49.1%


8.3%

52.0%
39.6%
0.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1991
53.7%
1.4%
44.9%


4.2%

46.1%
49.6%
0.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1992
48.3%
1.1%
50.6%


4.4%

57.4%
38.1%
0.1%






Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1993
45.2%
1.1%
53.7%


2.9%

60.6%
36.5%







Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1994
42.3%
1.3%
56.4%


1.1%

72.5%
26.4%

0.7%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1995
45.2%
1.3%
53.4%




72.9%
27.1%

3.6%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1996
38.5%
1.9%
59.6%

0.0%


99.9%

0.1%
11.7%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1997
31.2%

68.8%




100.0%

0.0%
7.5%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1998
31.3%
2.3%
66.3%




100.0%

0.0%
10.3%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
1999
22.6%
1.7%
75.7%




100.0%


¦5J-
co





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2000
20.4%
1.3%
78.3%




100.0%


12.3%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2001
14.5%
1.4%
84.1%




100.0%


13.8%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2002
11.4%
1.5%
87.1%




100.0%


21.1%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2003
12.3%
1.5%
86.2%




100.0%


15.8%





Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2004
8.6%
1.8%
89.6%




100.0%


30.2%
13.5%
0.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-28
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
1226
0.533
20.4
14.0
18.8
16.4
624.9
467.7
542.7
4752


272
247
CO
CO
0.910
0.0518
38.9


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
1185
0.542
20.9
14.4
19.1
16.8
610.0
458.7
530.3
4747


267
242
9.0
0.911
0.0507
39.7


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
1154
0.546
20.9
14.3
19.3
16.8
613.8
457.9
529.9
4915


273
251
9.1
0.920
0.0508
41.2


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
942
0.525
21.4
14.6
19.7
17.1
596.6
446.0
518.4
4929
62.3

271
259
9.1
0.951
0.0520
42.4


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
489
0.494
21.9
15.0
20.3
17.6
585.2
433.8
504.8
4935
61.8

272
261
8.7
0.963
0.0524
43.3


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
549
0.430
21.9
15.0
20.3
17.6
587.2
434.6
505.2
4996
61.9

274
269
8.6
0.984
0.0534
43.8


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
588
0.397
22.4
15.3
20.7
18.0
574.2
425.2
494.2
4954
62.1

263
277
8.4
1.058
0.0552
44.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
510
0.376
22.2
15.2
20.7
17.9
579.3
426.8
496.5
5035
62.7

274
297
8.1
1.087
0.0584
45.0


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
581
0.368
22.7
15.5
21.1
18.2
568.9
419.6
487.6
5108
64.0

271
305
8.0
1.131
0.0591
46.6


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
677
0.351
23.6
16.0
21.9
18.9
551.4
403.8
470.5
5161
64.9

281
315
7.7
1.132
0.0607
48.8


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
591
0.331
24.6
16.7
22.7
19.7
528.8
389.1
452.7
4921
63.7

261
303
7.7
1.195
0.0611
48.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
628
0.329
24.9
16.9
23.0
19.9
521.7
383.9
446.9
4865
63.1

249
303
7.6
1.256
0.0619
48.5


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
612
0.298
24.7
16.7
22.9
19.8
526.0
386.8
450.1
4954
63.5

258
309
7.6
1.235
0.0619
49.0


Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.320
25.5
17.3
23.4
20.3
511.2
378.7
438.8
4916
63.5

252
322
7.2
1.337
0.0652
50.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1975
182
0.135
11.4
9.3
10.2
9.7
937.8
852.7
916.6
4822


353
154

0.437
0.0322
23.6


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1976
390
0.209
12.4
10.1
11.2
10.5
876.7
786.5
843.4
4780


359
154

0.428
0.0323
25.3


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1977
433
0.214
13.6
11.1
12.1
11.5
793.9
724.1
769.7
4695


363
164

0.452
0.0351
27.2


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1978
612
0.270
13.5
11.1
12.0
11.5
785.1
716.6
775.7
4654


348
161
13.5
0.468
0.0345
26.8


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1979
277
0.126
15.6
13.0
14.2
13.5
627.7
558.3
657.4
3947


260
132
15.2
0.551
0.0325
27.3


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1980
302
0.211
16.9
13.6
15.4
14.3
623.1
545.9
619.7
4054


251
126
15.8
0.552
0.0308
29.1


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1981
243
0.168
19.6
15.7
18.1
16.7
540.2
465.1
533.8
3732


224
115
15.8
0.561
0.0307
31.4


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1982
255
0.177
19.7
15.8
18.2
16.8
548.2
470.8
535.7
3934


236
119
16.7
0.552
0.0306
33.5


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1983
359
0.221
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
535.5
451.0
516.8
3901


224
117
15.5
0.564
0.0301
34.1


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1984
505
0.247
19.7
15.6
18.4
16.8
550.1
463.6
532.2
3943


226
120
15.3
0.564
0.0302
33.5


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1985
528
0.254
19.9
15.7
18.7
16.9
543.0
456.5
525.8
3981


230
129
14.4
0.597
0.0323
34.1


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1986
638
0.252
20.2
15.9
18.9
17.1
540.3
455.8
518.8
3974


219
130
13.7
0.634
0.0327
34.4


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1987
548
0.255
20.0
15.7
18.7
16.9
551.3
459.8
524.9
3937


222
137
13.4
0.648
0.0347
33.6


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1988
699
0.284
19.3
14.9
18.2
16.3
580.3
473.0
546.4
4137


253
156
12.8
0.644
0.0375
33.9


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1989
645
0.289
19.0
14.6
17.9
16.0
595.7
486.9
556.0
4221


259
158
12.3
0.638
0.0372
33.9


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1990
512
0.279
18.6
14.0
17.7
15.6
618.7
494.4
570.5
4364


273
166
11.3
0.637
0.0380
34.2


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1991
477
0.248
18.9
14.2
17.9
15.8
609.3
487.7
562.1
4299


263
167
11.3
0.666
0.0388
34.2


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1992
484
0.263
18.5
13.8
17.7
15.5
629.4
496.1
573.8
4443


272
167
11.3
0.638
0.0376
34.5


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1993
553
0.276
18.8
13.9
17.8
15.6
625.2
492.6
568.6
4444


270
172
10.4
0.661
0.0386
34.8


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1994
783
0.293
18.6
13.7
17.5
15.4
635.9
500.6
576.5
4528


279
180
10.1
0.668
0.0396
35.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1995
750
0.330
18.0
13.2
17.0
14.9
660.3
515.8
594.6
4633


292
186
10.3
0.655
0.0400
34.7


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1996
573
0.293
18.3
13.3
17.3
15.1
655.0
506.2
587.3
4668


291
204
10.2
0.719
0.0437
35.4


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1997
834
0.347
18.2
13.1
17.3
15.0
673.4
511.1
592.4
4965


302
218
10.1
0.729
0.0439
37.2


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1998
841
0.348
18.3
13.1
17.4
15.1
668.5
507.9
589.6
4771


291
213
10.3
0.745
0.0445
35.8


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1999
1153
0.453
18.2
13.1
17.0
14.9
670.5
521.3
594.8
4938


299
227
10.2
0.763
0.0459
36.8


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2000
1003
0.384
18.9
13.6
17.3
15.4
648.7
512.0
577.4
4705


284
224
9.6
0.791
0.0473
36.1


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2001
975
0.387
18.1
12.9
16.6
14.7
679.0
531.6
603.1
4885


296
235
9.3
0.802
0.0481
36.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2002
1008
0.424
18.2
12.9
16.7
14.8
682.9
530.9
601.9
4985


292
242
9.4
0.834
0.0486
36.8


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2003
976
0.395
18.5
13.1
16.9
14.9
675.2
523.9
594.5
4944


291
248
9.1
0.855
0.0500
36.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-29
March 2019

-------
oERA	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
•inMMam	Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2005
7.2%

92.8%




100.0%


38.4%
35.8%
0.1%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2006
7.8%

92.2%




100.0%


44.8%
42.6%
0.1%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2007
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


36.6%
38.5%
0.0%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2008
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


38.4%
34.3%




Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2009
4.4%

95.4%
0.2%



100.0%


41.5%
34.1%
0.2%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2010
2.6%

97.2%
0.2%



100.0%


58.4%
60.9%
0.2%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2011
2.5%

97.4%
0.1%


4.8%
95.2%


54.0%
76.0%
0.1%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2012
1.5%

98.5%
0.1%


5.5%
94.5%


58.3%
90.2%
0.1%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2013
1.2%

98.8%
0.0%


7.5%
92.5%


63.8%
92.6%
0.0%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2014
0.7%

99.3%



39.7%
60.3%


51.7%
99.6%




Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2015
0.9%

99.1%



49.1%
49.8%

1.0%
59.0%
93.8%




Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2016
0.8%

99.2%



45.7%
53.4%

1.0%
68.5%
93.6%
0.1%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2017
0.5%

99.5%



45.8%
53.9%

0.3%
64.2%
95.2%
0.2%



Pickup
Rear Wheel Drive
2018
0.8%

99.2%



38.9%
59.0%

2.1%
69.4%
91.6%
0.3%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1975
38.4%
61.6%



100.0%










Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1976
33.3%
66.7%



100.0%










Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1977
24.7%
75.3%



100.0%










Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1978
30.2%
69.8%



100.0%



0.0%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1979
64.9%
35.1%



100.0%



0.0%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1980
66.8%
14.6%
18.6%


99.7%



0.3%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1981
76.4%
9.0%
14.7%


97.7%



2.3%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1982
71.4%
10.8%
17.7%


90.4%



9.6%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1983
66.6%
12.4%
19.9%

1.1%
95.2%


0.1%
4.8%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1984
62.7%
18.2%
19.1%


97.2%

0.1%

2.7%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1985
62.4%
11.4%
26.2%


84.6%

12.7%
1.1%
1.5%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1986
63.3%
7.3%
29.4%


52.5%

29.0%
17.7%
0.7%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1987
59.9%
10.0%
30.1%


34.4%

36.4%
28.8%
0.4%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1988
49.7%
9.4%
40.9%


3.8%

48.7%
47.1%
0.4%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1989
52.3%
6.1%
41.5%


1.5%

50.5%
47.8%
0.3%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1990
44.9%
3.5%
51.7%




53.5%
46.1%
0.3%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1991
47.5%
1.6%
50.8%




53.5%
46.1%
0.4%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1992
43.7%
0.1%
56.2%




59.7%
40.0%
0.3%






Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1993
40.5%

59.5%




62.9%
37.1%







Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1994
34.6%

65.4%




62.2%
37.8%

5.7%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1995
28.3%

71.7%




62.8%
37.2%

9.5%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1996
25.4%

74.5%

0.1%


99.6%

0.4%
17.1%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1997
14.0%

86.0%




99.9%

0.1%
5.3%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1998
19.9%

80.1%




99.9%

0.1%
13.0%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
1999
11.4%

88.6%




100.0%

0.0%
6.9%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2000
10.7%

89.3%




100.0%


13.3%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2001
8.0%

92.0%




100.0%


11.1%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2002
7.0%

93.0%




100.0%


13.2%





Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2003
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


12.4%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-30
March 2019

-------
v>EPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot











Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60
HP/
HP/

Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
Ton-MPG
Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2004
1161
0.463
18.7
13.1
17.0
15.0
676.0
520.7
591.3
5202


298
266
9.0
0.892
0.0511
39.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2005
1075
0.467
19.0
13.2
17.4
15.3
670.1
507.8
581.3
5257


298
274
CO
CO
0.926
0.0523
40.1


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2006
1003
0.458
19.3
13.4
17.6
15.5
660.9
502.7
574.7
5228


291
272
8.9
0.942
0.0522
40.3


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2007
960
0.454
19.3
13.3
17.7
15.5
664.7
499.6
573.4
5420


302
290
CO
CO
0.960
0.0534
41.9


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2008
852
0.475
19.6
13.5
18.1
15.8
655.5
487.4
562.6
5417
63.8

303
295
8.7
0.974
0.0544
42.7


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2009
501
0.506
20.2
13.9
18.7
16.3
637.0
473.5
546.4
5411
63.3

302
294
8.4
0.979
0.0543
43.9


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2010
728
0.570
20.3
13.9
18.8
16.3
637.3
469.1
544.1
5544
64.8

307
304
8.3
0.990
0.0548
45.3


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2011
891
0.603
20.8
14.2
19.4
16.8
621.0
455.0
529.7
5475
65.2

295
321
8.0
1.104
0.0584
46.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2012
847
0.624
20.8
14.2
19.5
16.8
620.0
454.1
528.5
5515
65.3

293
329
7.9
1.143
0.0594
46.5


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2013
996
0.632
21.1
14.4
19.8
17.1
612.9
446.9
520.9
5616
66.1

288
341
7.7
1.217
0.0605
48.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2014
1252
0.649
21.8
14.9
20.4
17.6
591.5
433.1
504.7
5660
66.9

299
344
7.6
1.173
0.0606
50.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2015
1195
0.669
22.9
15.7
21.2
18.4
566.2
417.1
483.8
5285
66.2

285
335
7.5
1.213
0.0634
48.9


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2016
1278
0.671
23.1
15.7
21.2
18.5
561.8
416.9
482.7
5291
65.3

274
335
7.4
1.271
0.0635
49.0


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2017
1432
0.697
23.2
15.8
21.4
18.6
558.3
413.6
479.8
5335
65.4

281
344
7.3
1.267
0.0645
49.6


Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2018
-
0.677
23.6
16.1
21.6
18.8
549.8
409.7
473.7
5314
65.4

266
348
7.1
1.373
0.0657
50.2


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-31
March 2019

-------
oERA
0! PfOt«tfon
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table F: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle Type
Drive Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
VVT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small Midsize Large
Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2004
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


34.9%
25.0%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2005
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


43.7%
42.9%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2006
4.2%

95.8%




100.0%


54.1%
53.3%
0.2%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2007
2.8%

97.2%




100.0%


44.2%
41.7%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2008
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


44.5%
41.7%




Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2009
3.8%

95.9%
0.2%



100.0%


43.3%
39.5%
0.2%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2010
2.3%

97.7%
0.1%



100.0%


61.0%
63.3%
0.1%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2011
1.8%

98.1%
0.1%


9.5%
90.5%


47.5%
92.8%
0.1%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2012
1.5%

98.5%
0.0%


13.2%
86.8%


54.2%
97.3%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2013
1.2%

98.8%
0.0%


19.9%
80.1%


60.7%
98.8%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2014
0.7%

99.3%



47.9%
52.1%


47.2%
99.1%




Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2015
0.9%

99.1%



58.0%
39.8%

2.2%
50.8%
88.7%




Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2016
0.7%

99.3%



51.9%
45.2%

2.9%
59.5%
87.6%
0.0%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2017
1.1%

98.9%



52.0%
46.3%

1.7%
56.1%
91.1%
0.1%



Pickup
Four Wheel Drive
2018
0.4%

99.6%



41.6%
55.1%

3.3%
66.4%
89.0%
0.1%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
F-32
March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A1
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2011
0
0.000
75.5
52.3
52.9
52.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
46.0
125.0

134
11.4

Sedan/Wagon
A1
2012
0
0.000
75.5
52.3
52.9
52.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
46.0
125.0

134
11.4

Sedan/Wagon
A1
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1975
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-l	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A1
1975















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1976















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1977















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1978















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1979















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1980















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1981















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1982















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1983















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1984















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1985















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1986















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1987















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1988















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1989















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1990















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1991















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1992















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1993















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1994















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1995















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1996















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1997















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1998















Sedan/Wagon
A1
1999















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2000















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2001















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2002















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2004















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2005















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2006















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2007















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2008















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2009















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2010















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2011
0.0335
105.3
6581
13162
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
A1
2012
0.0335
105.3
6581
13162
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
A1
2013















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2014















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2015















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2016















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2017















Sedan/Wagon
A1
2018















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1975















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-2	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1978
8125
0.727
18.6
14.6
17.8
15.9
590.9
487.4
559.8
3819

114.4
283
134
13.6
0.493
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1979
7462
0.691
19.0
15.0
17.8
16.2
576.0
489.0
551.2
3729

115.0
269
129
14.3
0.501
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1980
4814
0.510
22.3
17.6
21.2
19.0
493.6
412.2
468.6
3215

107.8
203
106
15.6
0.562
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1981
3027
0.347
24.4
19.2
22.9
20.7
451.1
380.6
429.6
2958

106.5
165
95
16.1
0.621
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1982
1251
0.160
27.9
22.3
25.8
23.7
393.3
338.9
375.5
2679

101.1
124
84
18.1
0.684
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1983
1158
0.145
28.2
22.6
25.9
24.0
383.5
337.3
370.9
2749

106.1
130
85
16.5
0.670
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1984
1667
0.156
28.3
22.4
26.5
24.1
391.8
331.7
369.1
2741

106.0
129
88
15.9
0.691
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1985
1798
0.167
28.8
22.8
26.9
24.5
383.1
325.2
362.7
2764

105.8
129
99
14.6
0.769
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1986
1743
0.158
28.8
22.7
26.8
24.4
383.7
326.7
364.7
2778

105.5
130
97
14.3
0.756
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1987
1498
0.140
28.2
21.9
26.5
23.9
397.3
330.0
372.4
2763

105.1
130
97
14.5
0.752
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1988
892
0.083
28.7
22.3
26.7
24.2
389.4
327.1
367.7
2792

103.4
125
98
14.6
0.795
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1989
815
0.081
28.8
22.2
26.5
24.1
390.0
329.5
368.9
2819

102.8
126
97
14.3
0.774
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1990
535
0.061
28.8
22.1
26.5
24.0
393.9
331.1
369.5
2869

101.6
129
98
13.3
0.774
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1991
368
0.043
27.3
20.8
25.1
22.7
411.1
343.6
391.7
2834

99.5
125
96
13.7
0.784
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1992
394
0.049
29.3
22.0
27.0
24.3
389.9
321.3
366.4
2799

99.2
126
98
13.3
0.797
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1993
351
0.042
29.5
22.1
27.1
24.3
393.1
322.7
365.1
2819

100.6
128
96
12.5
0.767
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1994
267
0.032
30.6
22.7
27.9
25.1
377.4
310.6
353.8
2735

100.2
120
91
12.7
0.784
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1995
67
0.007
36.8
27.5
32.2
29.7
322.6
276.2
298.8
2358

99.8
84
80
13.6
0.945
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1996
71
0.009
36.7
27.2
32.0
29.5
326.5
277.5
301.0
2322

99.9
94
77
14.0
0.818
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1997
49
0.006
37.2
27.4
32.3
29.8
324.4
275.6
298.6
2250

90.5
79
70
14.7
0.886
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1998
20
0.003
37.5
27.4
32.4
29.8
324.7
274.3
297.8
2250

89.7
79
79
13.9
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1999
17
0.002
37.4
27.0
32.3
29.6
328.8
275.4
300.0
2250

87.8
79
79
13.8
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
A3
2000
26
0.003
37.4
26.8
32.1
29.5
331.2
277.0
301.7
2250

87.8
79
79
13.3
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
A3
2001
19
0.002
37.3
26.5
32.0
29.3
335.5
277.4
303.6
2250

87.6
80
79
13.0
0.990
Sedan/Wagon
A3
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1976
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-3	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A3
1976















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1977















Sedan/Wagon
A3
1978
0.0347
30.4
1845
3490
3.9%

96.1%
96.3%

3.2%

0.5%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1979
0.0343
30.2
1882
3488
5.6%

94.4%
95.1%

3.0%

1.9%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1980
0.0328
30.6
2075
3316
29.3%
0.8%
69.9%
92.9%

3.9%
0.9%
2.3%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1981
0.0321
30.7
2238
3279
56.9%
0.0%
43.1%
87.1%

5.9%
5.1%
1.8%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1982
0.0311
31.9
2434
3239
76.5%

23.5%
89.3%

8.9%
0.1%
1.8%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1983
0.0309
33.1
2588
3522
76.1%
5.6%
18.3%
84.9%

7.0%
7.1%
1.0%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1984
0.0321
33.1
2578
3510
94.0%
0.4%
5.7%
74.3%

13.1%
12.2%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1985
0.0356
34.0
2626
3600
92.8%
1.1%
6.1%
47.0%

18.0%
34.9%
0.1%



Sedan/Wagon
A3
1986
0.0348
34.0
2608
3584
92.0%
1.8%
6.2%
34.7%

22.6%
42.7%

0.4%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1987
0.0349
33.1
2538
3478
96.0%
2.4%
1.6%
21.0%

22.2%
56.9%

0.6%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1988
0.0350
33.9
2540
3502
96.9%
1.7%
1.4%
8.4%

54.3%
37.3%

1.1%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1989
0.0341
34.0
2526
3500
95.9%
2.8%
1.3%
4.9%

64.8%
30.3%

2.3%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1990
0.0341
34.6
2480
3517
97.9%
1.0%
1.1%


73.6%
26.4%

5.8%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1991
0.0334
32.4
2314
3217
97.8%
1.2%
1.0%


79.6%
20.4%

11.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1992
0.0345
34.1
2454
3378
97.8%
1.6%
0.6%


77.4%
22.6%

9.3%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1993
0.0338
34.4
2483
3460
99.4%
0.6%
0.0%


85.4%
14.6%

13.3%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1994
0.0330
34.4
2574
3451
99.8%
0.2%



81.1%
18.9%

13.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1995
0.0336
35.0
2971
3499
100.0%




43.4%
56.6%

43.4%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1996
0.0329
34.3
2950
3422
100.0%




30.8%
69.2%

30.8%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1997
0.0311
33.5
2693
3030
100.0%





100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
A3
1998
0.0351
33.6
2678
3013
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
1999
0.0351
33.3
2602
2927
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
2000
0.0351
33.1
2587
2911
7.1%

92.9%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
2001
0.0351
32.9
2565
2886
100.0%




100.0%


16.4%


Sedan/Wagon
A3
2002















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2004















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2005















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2006















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2007















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2008















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2009















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2010















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2011















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2012















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2013















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2014















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2015















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2016















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2017















Sedan/Wagon
A3
2018















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1975















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1976















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-4	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1978
42
0.004
22.0
17.7
20.0
18.7
523.7
466.3
505.6
3589

102.4
167
105
15.8
0.632
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1979
58
0.005
22.8
18.4
20.7
19.4
508.8
459.3
491.6
3567

100.6
168
102
16.5
0.609
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1980
57
0.006
24.5
20.2
21.6
20.8
473.8
444.1
462.1
3477

101.0
169
95
17.2
0.569
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1981
136
0.016
26.0
20.9
23.9
22.1
435.6
379.8
416.0
3277

94.6
165
105
15.6
0.635
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1982
230
0.029
24.4
19.2
23.1
20.8
461.7
388.7
438.3
3456

107.6
194
114
16.0
0.624
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1983
183
0.023
27.1
21.7
24.8
23.0
415.6
364.3
400.5
3325

99.1
156
112
14.8
0.723
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1984
206
0.019
25.4
20.1
23.8
21.6
444.0
377.9
421.1
3377

99.5
166
127
13.5
0.775
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1985
200
0.019
24.7
19.8
22.7
21.0
449.8
391.5
432.6
3408

100.5
168
129
13.2
0.790
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1986
154
0.014
22.6
17.9
21.0
19.2
485.6
414.8
465.3
3514

105.6
191
158
11.4
0.852
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1987
181
0.017
23.1
18.1
21.5
19.5
487.6
411.3
462.6
3519

105.9
191
161
11.4
0.871
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1988
142
0.013
22.5
17.4
21.0
18.9
499.6
416.2
469.7
3504

104.6
188
161
11.4
0.886
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1989
147
0.015
22.4
17.2
21.0
18.8
509.5
415.8
472.0
3546

106.6
184
163
11.0
0.912
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1990
117
0.013
22.7
17.2
21.3
19.0
511.3
411.9
469.1
3652

110.1
175
160
10.7
0.926
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1991
131
0.015
23.1
17.3
21.9
19.3
508.3
402.6
463.1
3662

106.2
177
167
10.6
0.970
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1992
100
0.012
22.9
17.0
21.9
19.1
514.5
401.0
467.4
3757

107.3
182
181
10.1
0.986
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1993
83
0.010
23.6
17.4
22.5
19.6
501.8
389.9
453.3
3853

109.5
186
186
9.4
0.991
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1994
65
0.008
23.7
17.2
22.8
19.7
508.7
385.5
452.7
3946

106.1
201
219
8.3
1.098
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1995
91
0.010
24.7
17.9
23.7
20.4
489.4
371.1
437.9
3996

103.8
202
217
8.8
1.079
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1996
44
0.006
27.1
19.3
26.1
22.3
460.1
341.2
401.3
3720

104.4
171
172
10.1
1.008
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1997
1
0.000
22.6
15.7
22.7
18.7
566.5
391.1
474.8
3500

59.9
220
270
7.0
1.227
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1998
7
0.001
30.6
20.7
31.3
25.2
425.8
280.2
352.6
2920

102.0
109
109
12.9
0.981
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1999
28
0.003
28.2
19.3
28.0
23.1
459.9
316.1
384.7
3192

109.1
123
125
11.6
1.023
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2000
70
0.008
28.1
19.0
27.9
23.0
465.4
317.0
386.5
3104

107.6
119
122
11.1
1.031
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2001
48
0.006
28.0
18.8
27.7
22.8
471.2
319.6
389.9
3117

107.8
119
121
11.1
1.027
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2002
15
0.002
27.7
18.6
26.9
22.4
475.8
328.3
396.1
3095

107.7
118
121
11.2
1.028
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2004
16
0.002
26.4
17.6
25.4
21.3
504.8
349.7
417.3
3500

114.5
152
113
12.2
0.743
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2005
7
0.001
26.4
17.5
25.3
21.2
508.0
351.2
418.7
3500

114.5
152
113
12.2
0.743
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2006
2
0.000
26.2
17.3
25.1
21.0
512.4
354.1
422.2
3500

114.5
152
154
10.0
1.013
Sedan/Wagon
A4
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1977
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-5	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A4
1977















Sedan/Wagon
A4
1978
0.0298
34.4
1959
3515


100.0%
36.6%

15.1%

48.3%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1979
0.0291
35.6
2004
3630


100.0%
20.3%

23.5%

56.1%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1980
0.0280
36.8
2129
3763


100.0%


39.8%

60.2%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1981
0.0322
36.7
2136
3504


100.0%
41.4%

32.1%

26.5%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1982
0.0332
36.3
2256
3912


100.0%
23.5%

32.7%
24.5%
19.4%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1983
0.0338
38.7
2331
3871
10.1%
4.2%
85.7%
13.0%

59.5%

27.5%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1984
0.0377
37.1
2205
3715


100.0%


80.0%

20.0%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1985
0.0381
36.3
2165
3661


100.0%


82.3%

17.7%



Sedan/Wagon
A4
1986
0.0443
34.2
2105
3647


100.0%


95.8%

4.2%
0.5%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1987
0.0452
34.9
2143
3734


100.0%


87.1%

12.9%
1.1%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1988
0.0455
33.4
2039
3523
5.9%

94.1%


99.5%

0.5%
0.8%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1989
0.0455
33.6
2050
3600
4.0%

96.0%


99.8%

0.2%
3.1%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1990
0.0434
34.9
2121
3838
7.5%
0.4%
92.0%


98.3%

1.7%
4.5%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1991
0.0453
35.6
2089
3786
11.3%
5.1%
83.6%


95.4%

4.6%
13.8%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
1992
0.0472
36.1
2094
3877
10.4%
5.0%
84.7%


96.0%

4.0%
17.7%
20.3%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1993
0.0474
37.9
2175
4148
10.8%
0.9%
88.3%


100.0%


41.2%
19.6%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1994
0.0548
38.9
2118
4136
2.2%
0.0%
97.8%


98.9%

1.1%
83.4%
25.7%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1995
0.0537
41.2
2176
4297


100.0%


93.8%

6.2%
95.3%
27.7%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1996
0.0460
41.8
2351
4383


100.0%


94.0%

6.0%
98.2%
2.6%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1997
0.0771
32.8
1120
1961


100.0%


100.0%



100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1998
0.0367
36.9
2608
3773
95.2%

4.8%


100.0%


35.3%
4.8%

Sedan/Wagon
A4
1999
0.0392
36.8
2525
4022
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2000
0.0395
35.6
2477
3840
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2001
0.0390
35.4
2458
3826
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2002
0.0392
34.7
2421
3740
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2004
0.0323
37.3
2437
4265
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2005
0.0323
37.1
2430
4252
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2006
0.0440
36.8
2409
4216
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A4
2007















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2008















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2009















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2010















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2011















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2012















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2013















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2014















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2015















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2016















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2017















Sedan/Wagon
A4
2018















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1975















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1976















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1977















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-6	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1990
2
0.000
21.5
15.9
21.5
18.1
560.4
413.5
489.7
4000

50.0
181
228
8.4
1.260
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1991
3
0.000
21.9
15.8
22.3
18.4
561.2
399.4
482.4
4000

50.0
181
228
8.5
1.260
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1992
6
0.001
20.1
14.7
19.7
16.8
602.7
448.1
528.2
4372

104.8
191
228
8.7
1.192
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1993
6
0.001
19.7
14.4
19.1
16.4
617.2
464.1
541.4
4941

114.6
193
228
8.8
1.180
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1994
5
0.001
22.8
16.1
23.3
19.1
551.6
381.5
465.8
4854

102.1
195
217
8.9
1.113
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1995
13
0.001
23.1
16.2
23.4
19.3
547.0
379.4
461.4
4500

109.6
195
217
8.7
1.113
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1996
9
0.001
23.1
16.2
23.3
19.2
549.5
380.8
462.3
4500

105.4
195
217
9.1
1.113
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1997
1
0.000
22.4
15.5
22.8
18.6
572.8
390.0
477.3
3000

50.0
151
201
7.7
1.331
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1998
1
0.000
22.4
15.4
22.7
18.6
576.0
391.6
478.5
3000

50.0
151
201
8.0
1.331
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1999
6
0.001
22.5
15.3
23.1
18.7
581.7
384.1
476.2
3239

62.0
178
246
7.3
1.378
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2000
5
0.001
23.0
15.5
23.2
18.9
571.3
382.5
469.6
3292

59.9
187
255
6.8
1.358
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2001
6
0.001
22.6
15.2
22.8
18.6
584.5
389.0
478.6
3338

62.5
193
276
6.5
1.423
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2002
5
0.001
23.6
15.9
23.1
19.2
557.7
383.8
462.1
3327

61.4
197
273
6.6
1.381
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2004
3
0.000
23.6
15.7
23.2
19.2
564.4
382.5
462.6
3500

62.8
199
282
6.7
1.410
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2005
1
0.000
26.0
17.4
24.4
20.8
509.4
364.3
426.8
3500

50.0
176
255
7.0
1.453
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2006
3
0.000
26.4
17.7
24.7
21.1
503.0
359.6
421.4
3500

50.0
182
269
6.8
1.478
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2008
22
0.003
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.2
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2009
14
0.003
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
12.9
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2010
3
0.001
49.1
33.3
40.0
36.8
266.9
222.0
241.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2011
3
0.001
48.7
32.7
38.2
35.6
271.4
232.7
249.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2012
5
0.001
49.5
33.8
37.7
35.9
262.7
235.8
247.4
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2013
13
0.002
49.8
34.1
37.9
36.2
260.7
234.6
245.8
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2014
5
0.001
49.7
34.0
37.9
36.1
261.1
234.8
246.1
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2015
8
0.001
49.7
34.0
37.8
36.1
261.1
235.2
246.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
Sedan/Wagon
A5
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1978
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-7	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A5
1978















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1979















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1980















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1981















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1982















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1983















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1984















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1985















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1986















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1987















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1988















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1989















Sedan/Wagon
A5
1990
0.0570
36.3
907
1815


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1991
0.0570
36.8
921
1842


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1992
0.0523
36.8
1739
3854


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1993
0.0462
40.6
1869
4647


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1994
0.0448
46.3
1941
4780


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1995
0.0482
43.3
2112
4751


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1996
0.0482
43.2
2025
4557


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
A5
1997
0.0670
27.9
931
1397


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
1998
0.0670
27.9
929
1393


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
1999
0.0754
30.2
1158
1906

5.4%
94.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2000
0.0770
31.1
1133
1882

6.7%
93.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2001
0.0823
31.0
1158
1949

22.2%
77.8%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2002
0.0816
32.0
1184
1990

14.4%
85.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2004
0.0806
33.7
1204
2107

28.0%
72.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2005
0.0729
36.4
1041
1822


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2006
0.0769
36.9
1055
1846


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2007















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2008
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2009
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2010
0.0350
36.8
1841
1841


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2011
0.0350
35.6
1782
1782


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2012
0.0350
35.9
1796
1796


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2013
0.0350
36.2
1808
1808


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2014
0.0350
36.1
1806
1806


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2015
0.0350
36.1
1804
1804


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A5
2016















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2017















Sedan/Wagon
A5
2018















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1975















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1976















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1977















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1978















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-8	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A6
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1998
0
0.000
13.3
9.3
13.4
11.1
951.2
661.9
798.3
3500

50.0
213
375
5.6
1.761
Sedan/Wagon
A6
1999
1
0.000
13.9
9.7
14.1
11.6
917.1
625.9
764.5
3500

50.0
215
382
5.5
1.775
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2005
1
0.000
15.9
11.2
14.4
12.8
794.7
615.1
692.4
4500

129.5
259
396
5.8
1.529
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2006
2
0.000
16.9
11.3
16.8
13.9
789.4
528.6
641.2
4337

116.9
259
392
5.8
1.515
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2007
1
0.000
16.8
11.4
16.4
13.8
782.7
543.0
646.0
4500

129.5
259
396
5.9
1.529
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2008
3
0.000
18.5
12.2
18.5
15.2
724.7
479.5
586.3
4485
51.0
107.4
260
399
5.9
1.536
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2009
3
0.000
17.6
11.7
17.7
14.5
757.8
499.6
613.1
4245
49.9
92.2
275
431
5.4
1.572
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2010
105
0.017
36.2
23.8
33.2
28.4
384.3
276.5
328.7
3552
43.7
109.1
126
184
8.8
1.453
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2011
16
0.003
44.9
29.8
35.8
32.9
275.7
238.1
270.0
3537
47.9
108.7
161
197
8.4
1.179
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2012
131
0.018
38.4
25.9
34.3
30.1
334.3
258.6
299.9
3508
45.9
108.4
134
184
8.4
1.385
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2013
155
0.019
43.8
28.9
36.6
32.9
303.4
242.4
270.5
3271
45.4
110.1
124
160
8.7
1.319
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2014
176
0.023
41.6
27.1
36.2
31.7
324.6
245.3
280.7
3093
44.6
108.8
125
160
8.6
1.284
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2015
133
0.017
44.0
28.3
38.5
33.4
309.9
230.4
266.4
3155
45.0
109.2
125
158
8.6
1.272
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2016
271
0.038
42.9
27.7
37.8
32.6
317.5
234.7
272.2
3087
43.2
106.1
114
148
9.1
1.300
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2017
227
0.032
45.2
29.7
39.9
34.8
279.0
219.4
255.6
3338
43.8
109.9
111
141
9.4
1.259
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2018
-
0.025
48.6
32.6
40.9
36.8
245.0
212.1
241.3
3348
43.9
112.3
109
132
9.4
1.204
Sedan/Wagon
A7
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1979
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-9	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A6
1979















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1980















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1981















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1982















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1983















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1984















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1985















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1986















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1987















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1988















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1989















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1990















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1991















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1992















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1993















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1994















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1995















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1996















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1997















Sedan/Wagon
A6
1998
0.1071
19.5
557
974


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
1999
0.1091
20.4
583
1021


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2000















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2001















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2002















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2004















Sedan/Wagon
A6
2005
0.0880
28.9
1662
3739


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2006
0.0907
30.0
1616
3531


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2007
0.0880
31.0
1781
4007


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2008
0.0891
34.1
1621
3641


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2009
0.1037
31.0
1356
2963


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2010
0.0515
52.0
3234
5709
94.8%
3.8%
1.5%

55.1%
2.9%

42.0%
100.0%
60.1%

Sedan/Wagon
A6
2011
0.0548
61.4
3899
6838
91.7%
6.8%
1.5%

6.8%
93.2%


100.0%
100.0%
91.7%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2012
0.0526
54.3
3395
5928
98.1%

1.9%

58.0%
28.7%

13.3%
100.0%
86.7%
26.8%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2013
0.0494
54.3
3642
6012
100.0%



60.7%
39.3%


100.0%
100.0%
27.0%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2014
0.0520
49.4
3459
5385
100.0%



87.9%
12.1%


100.0%
100.0%
12.1%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2015
0.0505
53.0
3660
5818
100.0%



78.9%
21.1%


100.0%
100.0%
21.1%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2016
0.0479
50.8
3484
5430
97.7%

2.3%

76.7%
23.3%


100.0%
100.0%
9.5%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2017
0.0422
60.3
3999
6739
99.1%

0.9%

82.5%
17.5%


100.0%
100.0%
26.1%
Sedan/Wagon
A6
2018
0.0395
65.5
4448
7517
100.0%



80.3%
19.7%


100.0%
100.0%
42.5%
Sedan/Wagon
A7
1975















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1976















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1977















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1978















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1979















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-10	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S0
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S1
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S2
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S3
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S4
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S5
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S6
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S7
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19SS
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S9
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
199S
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
200S
















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2009
4
0.001
2S.0
IS.6
26.5
22.4
47S.9
335.5
397.2
3590
3S.2
73.S
229
373
5.2
1.633
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2010
4
0.001
23.7
15.7
23.1
19.2
541.1
369.3
463.4
3679
41.S
67.2
233
395
5.3
1.673
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2011
14
0.002
22.6
15.2
21.7
IS.3
575.7
404.5
4S4.6
3994
44.3
S7.2
214
372
5.5
1.732
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2012
12
0.002
23.9
16.0
22.9
19.3
53S.5
3S0.0
461.2
3S23
43.4
7S.6
22S
396
5.3
1.733
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2013
25
0.003
25.0
16.7
23.7
20.1
513.7
363.5
442.2
3S23
43.S
79.5
225
401
5.3
1.761
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2014
30
0.004
26.1
17.3
24.S
20.9
497.4
34S.5
425.0
3900
44.7
S1.0
226
411
5.3
1.S00
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2015
39
0.005
27.1
1S.0
25.6
21.7
469.2
334.S
410.2
3S9S
45.9
91.2
19S
3S7
5.6
1.951
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2016
33
0.005
2S.3
IS.7
26.6
22.5
449.0
320.4
394.4
3S9S
46.9
97.0
1S5
359
6.0
1.931
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2017
33
0.005
31.1
21.0
2S.1
24.5
403.S
305.2
362.2
3650
44.0
S9.6
160
345
5.9
2.125
Sedan/Wagon
A7
201S
-
0.007
33.1
22.4
29.1
25.S
37S.7
294.9
344.7
3593
44.S
99.3
136
291
6.6
2.0S7
Sedan/Wagon
AS
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
197S
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S0
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-ll	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S0















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S1















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S2















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S3















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S4















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S5















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S6















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S7















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19SS















Sedan/Wagon
A7
19S9















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1990















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1991















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1992















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1993















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1994















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1995















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1996















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1997















Sedan/Wagon
A7
199S















Sedan/Wagon
A7
1999















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2000















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2001















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2002















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2003















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2004















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2005















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2006















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2007















Sedan/Wagon
A7
200S















Sedan/Wagon
A7
2009
0.1042
40.2
1652
2965

32.9%
67.1%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2010
0.1072
36.6
1326
2440

14.3%
85.7%

84.4%
15.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2011
0.0934
37.0
1616
3225


100.0%

60.4%
39.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2012
0.1041
37.6
1563
2977

4.5%
95.5%

81.5%
18.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2013
0.1044
39.1
1602
30S3

8.3%
91.7%

88.6%
11.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2014
0.1051
41.5
1706
3405

27.6%
72.4%

99.5%
0.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
A7
2015
0.09S2
43.5
2107
4079
15.9%
18.6%
65.5%

99.0%
1.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2016
0.0909
45.4
2351
4523
23.8%
15.1%
61.1%

99.7%
0.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
A7
2017
0.0925
45.9
2349
4196
33.5%
14.6%
51.9%

99.9%
0.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
A7
201S
0.0792
47.5
2739
4S29
54.9%
6.4%
38.7%

100.0%
0.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
AS
1975















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1976















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1977















Sedan/Wagon
AS
197S















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1979















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S0















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-12	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S1
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S2
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S3
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S4
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S5
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S6
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S7
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19SS
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S9
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
199S
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
200S
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2017
4
0.001
30.2
20.2
27.5
23.8
437.3
322.1
372.6
4626
52.6
124.0
197
41S
5.4
2.121
Sedan/Wagon
AS
201S
-
0.001
30.3
20.3
27.2
23.7
435.4
326.3
374.3
4599
52.6
124.0
194
397
5.6
2.039
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
197S
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
19S0
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
19S1
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-13	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S1















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S2















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S3















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S4















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S5















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S6















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S7















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19SS















Sedan/Wagon
AS
19S9















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1990















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1991















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1992















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1993















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1994















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1995















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1996















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1997















Sedan/Wagon
AS
199S















Sedan/Wagon
AS
1999















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2000















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2001















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2002















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2003















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2004















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2005















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2006















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2007















Sedan/Wagon
AS
200S















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2009















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2010















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2011















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2012















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2013















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2014















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2015















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2016















Sedan/Wagon
AS
2017
0.0S99
55.2
2965
6842

74.2%
25.8%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
AS
201S
0.0S59
54.6
2952
6775

68.6%
31.4%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1975















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1976















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1977















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
197S















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1979















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
19S0















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
19S1















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-14	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1989
13
0.001
39.6
32.0
33.6
32.8
277.5
264.2
270.9
2250

88.6
73
66
15.2
0.904
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1990
3
0.000
37.7
31.2
30.5
30.9
284.7
291.2
287.5
2299

88.7
73
73
13.7
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1991
4
0.000
37.3
30.7
30.0
30.4
289.0
296.7
292.3
2289

88.7
73
73
13.9
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1992
0
0.000
38.8
31.0
32.1
31.6
286.1
276.3
281.5
2295

88.5
73
73
13.4
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1993
1
0.000
37.2
30.0
29.9
30.0
295.8
297.1
296.0
2290

88.5
73
73
12.7
1.000
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1996
1
0.000
40.4
30.1
34.5
32.3
295.0
257.2
275.2
2750

97.1
97
115
10.5
1.186
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1997
7
0.001
41.9
31.0
35.7
33.3
286.6
249.1
266.7
2750

99.5
97
115
10.5
1.186
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1998
5
0.001
42.4
30.9
36.2
33.5
287.4
245.5
265.0
2750

97.1
97
115
10.8
1.186
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1999
2
0.000
41.8
30.2
35.6
32.9
293.8
249.9
270.1
2750

97.1
97
115
10.7
1.186
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2000
2
0.000
41.9
30.0
35.5
32.8
296.0
250.2
271.1
2750

97.1
97
115
10.3
1.186
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2001
19
0.002
56.9
42.8
41.8
42.3
205.8
211.8
210.1
2921

96.2
89
73
17.2
0.821
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2002
35
0.004
43.4
31.0
35.5
33.4
247.2
239.0
266.5
3086

98.3
103
101
15.1
0.947
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2003
74
0.009
41.3
28.7
34.8
31.8
276.0
245.0
279.2
3126

98.5
105
115
10.5
1.076
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2004
102
0.014
46.7
32.6
37.5
35.2
238.1
226.7
252.5
3068

104.7
100
103
10.3
1.012
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2005
208
0.026
45.5
31.5
36.3
34.1
235.1
228.3
260.6
3225

111.5
109
110
9.7
0.971
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2006
194
0.024
42.5
29.1
35.2
32.3
251.8
234.5
275.2
3312

111.6
115
125
9.6
1.067
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2007
838
0.104
37.9
26.1
31.8
29.0
307.8
268.3
306.0
3410

112.6
134
155
9.1
1.144
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2008
842
0.115
38.4
26.3
32.5
29.5
306.1
263.2
301.1
3343
44.7
111.7
133
152
9.1
1.128
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2009
611
0.108
37.6
25.7
31.9
28.9
318.8
270.5
307.1
3428
45.0
111.4
139
162
8.9
1.147
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2010
900
0.148
42.4
29.1
35.1
32.2
268.8
242.1
275.9
3474
44.5
112.2
135
151
9.2
1.104
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2011
731
0.127
39.8
26.9
32.9
30.0
299.3
261.3
295.9
3456
44.7
110.4
137
160
9.0
1.164
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2012
1125
0.152
41.6
28.2
34.1
31.3
286.6
253.9
284.2
3380
44.6
111.9
133
150
9.2
1.119
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2013
1554
0.189
44.7
29.7
36.6
33.3
280.5
238.9
267.1
3448
45.7
113.1
135
161
8.9
1.181
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2014
2099
0.275
44.2
29.3
36.5
33.0
290.3
240.4
269.0
3274
44.9
110.7
126
151
9.2
1.196
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2015
2493
0.316
44.6
29.5
37.0
33.3
290.5
238.2
266.7
3259
44.9
111.9
126
151
9.2
1.198
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2016
2131
0.299
44.2
29.0
37.2
33.1
0.0
0.0
268.3
3253
45.2
113.3
128
158
9.0
1.245
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2017
2426
0.348
43.6
28.8
37.1
33.0
0.0
0.0
269.1
3302
45.3
114.4
128
159
9.0
1.245
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2018
-
0.326
45.0
29.8
37.1
33.6
0.0
0.0
264.7
3302
45.5
115.5
121
156
9.1
1.309
Sedan/Wagon
LI
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1982
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-15	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1982















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1983















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1984















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1985















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1986















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1987















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1988















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1989
0.0293
36.9
2906
3269
100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1990
0.0318
35.5
2744
3154
30.8%
69.2%



100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1991
0.0319
34.8
2696
3087

100.0%



100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1992
0.0319
36.3
2800
3209
54.5%
45.5%



100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1993
0.0319
34.4
2658
3044

100.0%



100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1994















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1995















Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1996
0.0418
44.4
3136
4312
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1997
0.0418
45.8
3314
4557
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1998
0.0418
46.1
3257
4478
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
1999
0.0418
45.2
3195
4393
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2000
0.0418
45.1
3184
4377
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2001
0.0252
62.0
4063
5989
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
92.8%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2002
0.0317
55.1
3553
5423
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
69.9%
68.4%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2003
0.0359
52.6
3379
5204
100.0%




100.0%


64.2%
55.9%
55.4%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2004
0.0331
58.0
4056
6159
100.0%




100.0%


82.2%
65.2%
65.0%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2005
0.0327
59.7
4236
6643
84.4%
15.6%



100.0%


89.3%
69.7%
69.0%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2006
0.0363
58.1
4026
6448
87.7%
12.3%



100.0%


83.9%
65.9%
61.3%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2007
0.0446
51.9
3477
5833
96.7%
3.3%



100.0%


96.1%
96.6%
31.9%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2008
0.0448
51.6
3498
5756
99.6%
0.4%


1.9%
98.1%


96.2%
94.2%
29.0%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2009
0.0465
51.3
3378
5713
100.0%



1.1%
98.9%


96.9%
99.0%
26.2%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2010
0.0432
60.3
3918
6798
95.9%
4.0%
0.0%

1.1%
98.9%


94.3%
100.0%
41.6%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2011
0.0459
54.8
3515
6072
89.8%
10.1%
0.1%

6.9%
93.1%


98.0%
98.5%
28.9%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2012
0.0441
55.3
3688
6221
89.4%
10.6%


4.0%
96.0%


98.4%
98.8%
30.4%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2013
0.0463
59.0
3886
6699
91.3%
8.6%
0.1%

20.2%
79.8%


98.9%
100.0%
26.9%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2014
0.0458
55.1
3740
6130
95.2%
4.8%
0.0%

15.6%
84.4%


99.6%
100.0%
16.2%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2015
0.0459
55.2


92.1%
7.9%
0.0%

15.9%
84.1%


99.8%
100.0%
13.7%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2016
0.0484
54.7


92.5%
7.5%
0.0%

21.9%
78.1%


100.0%
100.0%
10.0%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2017
0.0479
55.6


88.8%
11.2%
0.0%

27.1%
72.8%


99.9%
99.9%
9.9%
Sedan/Wagon
CVT
2018
0.0469
56.9


90.0%
9.9%
0.0%

22.0%
78.0%


99.9%
99.9%
14.5%
Sedan/Wagon
LI
1975















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1976















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1977















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1978















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1979















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1980















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1981















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1982















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-16	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
LI
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2010
0
0.000
85.7
59.4
60.8
60.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
47.8
113.9

130
9.2

Sedan/Wagon
LI
2011
0
0.000
85.7
59.4
60.8
60.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
47.8
113.9

130
9.2

Sedan/Wagon
LI
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2014
0
0.000
85.7
59.4
60.8
60.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
47.8
113.9

130
9.2

Sedan/Wagon
LI
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
LI
2017
1
0.000
99.1
69.0
67.0
67.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
46.9
113.8

174
8.4

Sedan/Wagon
LI
2018
-
0.000
97.2
69.0
67.0
67.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
46.9
117.5

174
8.4

Sedan/Wagon
L10
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1983
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-17	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1983















Sedan/Wagon
LI
1984















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1985















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1986















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1987















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1988















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1989















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1990















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1991















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1992















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1993















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1994















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1995















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1996















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1997















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1998















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
1999















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2000















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2001















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2002















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2003















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2004















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2005















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2006















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2007















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2008















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2009















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2010
0.0325
120.3
6851
13703
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2011
0.0325
120.3
6851
13703
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2012















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2013















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2014
0.0325
120.3
6851
13703
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2015















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2016















Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2017
0.0387
152.7
7721
17372
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
Ll
2018
0.0387
152.7
7972
17937
100.0%










Sedan/Wagon
L10
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1978















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1980















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1981















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1982















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1983















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-18	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L10
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2017
2
0.000
19.0
12.4
20.7
16.1
714.7
428.6
551.6
4061
48.7
88.1
378
650
3.5
1.718
Sedan/Wagon
L10
2018
-
0.021
31.9
20.3
30.6
25.2
428.5
286.6
353.3
3853
49.2
110.3
165
316
5.5
1.999
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1978
45
0.004
28.7
23.8
25.1
24.3
371.3
353.2
365.4
2151

85.7
92
64
14.7
0.698
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1979
82
0.008
26.1
21.7
22.6
22.1
408.6
391.8
402.3
2330

85.1
98
65
18.9
0.662
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1980
31
0.003
30.3
25.4
26.0
25.6
349.8
341.2
346.8
2069

90.4
91
67
17.7
0.736
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1984
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-19	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L10
1984















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1985















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1986















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1987















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1988















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1989















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1991















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1993















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1994















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1995















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1996















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1997















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1998















Sedan/Wagon
L10
1999















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2000















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2001















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2002















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2003















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2004















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2005















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2006















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2007















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2008















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2009















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2010















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2011















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2012















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2013















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2014















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2015















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2016















Sedan/Wagon
L10
2017
0.1603
32.7
1419
2882


100.0%

100.0%




100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L10
2018
0.0811
48.8
2846
5394
54.1%
3.3%
42.6%

76.9%
23.1%


98.4%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L2
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1978
0.0299
26.3
2097
2272
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
L2
1979
0.0279
25.7
1882
2208
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
L2
1980
0.0325
26.5
2312
2405
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
L2
1981















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1982















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1983















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1984















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-20	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1978
749
0.067
17.2
13.3
16.9
14.7
656.4
520.9
606.0
4133

114.8
311
146
13.3
0.471
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1979
869
0.080
18.5
14.4
17.9
15.8
609.9
494.7
562.7
3822

116.0
301
142
13.3
0.472
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1980
1339
0.142
19.9
15.4
19.4
17.0
577.7
460.4
528.4
3759

117.5
270
120
15.2
0.449
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1981
2261
0.259
22.4
17.4
21.8
19.1
514.3
409.4
471.8
3641

115.3
254
115
15.4
0.466
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1982
3031
0.388
24.4
18.7
24.0
20.8
468.2
363.0
430.4
3265

111.6
204
105
16.7
0.549
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1983
2832
0.354
24.4
18.8
24.0
20.8
462.1
360.9
427.1
3235

112.1
202
108
15.0
0.563
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1984
3927
0.368
25.5
19.6
25.1
21.7
442.6
346.2
409.5
3184

111.1
190
106
15.0
0.594
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1985
3203
0.297
26.8
20.6
26.5
22.9
421.2
329.2
388.1
3104

109.6
180
104
14.8
0.611
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-21	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L2
1985















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1986















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1987















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1988















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1989















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1991















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1993















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1994















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1995















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1996















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1997















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1998















Sedan/Wagon
L2
1999















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2000















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2001















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2002















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2003















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2004















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2005















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2006















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2007















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2008















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2009















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2010















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2011















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2012















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2013















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2014















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2015















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2016















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2017















Sedan/Wagon
L2
2018















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L3
1978
0.0352
30.4
1701
3486


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
L3
1979
0.0373
30.2
1842
3507


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
L3
1980
0.0322
32.2
2020
3826
2.0%

98.0%
91.7%



8.3%



Sedan/Wagon
L3
1981
0.0317
35.1
2235
4086

0.7%
99.3%
87.8%


0.3%
11.9%



Sedan/Wagon
L3
1982
0.0322
34.2
2358
3838
33.0%
0.7%
66.3%
77.1%

2.0%
15.7%
5.2%



Sedan/Wagon
L3
1983
0.0331
33.9
2372
3803
41.4%
1.3%
57.4%
75.8%

1.0%
21.8%
1.4%



Sedan/Wagon
L3
1984
0.0332
34.7
2447
3858
51.2%
1.0%
47.8%
61.8%

6.5%
31.0%
0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
L3
1985
0.0333
35.6
2543
3910
59.5%
1.3%
39.2%
43.7%

7.0%
49.2%
0.1%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-22	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1986
2990
0.271
27.7
21.2
27.1
23.5
411.4
322.5
377.9
3022

107.5
167
100
14.4
0.633
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1987
2679
0.250
29.1
22.2
28.2
24.6
392.5
311.8
360.9
2925

107.0
151
99
14.6
0.684
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1988
3028
0.282
29.8
22.7
28.7
25.1
386.9
307.3
353.4
2866

105.8
140
101
14.5
0.736
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1989
2467
0.246
30.0
22.6
28.9
25.2
390.1
306.5
352.9
2865

104.8
138
105
13.6
0.775
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1990
1980
0.225
29.7
22.1
28.7
24.9
397.1
308.4
357.3
2913

104.1
139
111
12.4
0.814
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1991
1765
0.207
29.1
21.5
28.2
24.3
409.3
313.5
365.5
2918

104.1
144
114
12.3
0.806
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1992
1635
0.202
28.5
20.8
27.8
23.7
421.9
318.3
374.2
3003

104.0
151
123
11.5
0.833
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1993
1421
0.168
28.4
20.6
27.8
23.6
427.9
318.7
376.3
3020

105.0
158
126
10.7
0.808
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1994
899
0.107
30.2
22.0
28.6
24.9
402.2
309.7
357.3
2901

102.2
132
110
11.3
0.852
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1995
893
0.095
31.3
22.6
29.4
25.7
390.5
301.5
346.3
2843

103.1
124
121
10.9
0.982
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1996
671
0.085
31.6
22.9
29.3
25.8
386.7
303.3
344.6
2826

101.6
120
122
11.4
1.020
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1997
611
0.073
31.3
22.6
28.5
25.4
391.3
311.6
350.2
2817

99.8
116
114
11.8
0.988
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1998
438
0.055
31.3
22.1
29.1
25.3
399.9
304.8
350.8
2842

100.8
123
125
11.3
1.016
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1999
359
0.043
31.6
22.4
28.8
25.4
393.8
307.5
349.3
2853

100.2
122
122
11.4
1.010
Sedan/Wagon
L3
2000
505
0.055
31.2
22.0
28.3
25.0
403.1
314.0
355.8
2924

101.4
124
126
10.8
1.025
Sedan/Wagon
L3
2001
289
0.034
32.7
22.9
29.3
26.0
384.6
302.9
341.5
2909

102.0
120
127
10.6
1.065
Sedan/Wagon
L3
2002
70
0.008
36.0
25.3
30.9
28.1
350.7
287.7
315.8
2750

100.1
109
125
10.6
1.142
Sedan/Wagon
L3
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1980
219
0.023
19.3
14.5
20.0
16.5
610.7
444.1
537.5
3975

128.1
321
141
13.4
0.438
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1981
651
0.074
19.8
14.8
20.5
16.9
599.5
432.0
525.9
4001

132.8
297
140
13.5
0.472
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1982
986
0.126
20.2
15.1
20.9
17.3
587.4
425.7
516.6
4016

128.3
288
141
14.5
0.495
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1983
1708
0.213
21.4
16.0
22.0
18.3
542.1
398.4
487.3
3823

123.3
267
135
13.4
0.523
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1984
2296
0.215
21.9
16.4
22.5
18.7
526.4
388.0
475.5
3736

118.3
261
134
13.2
0.542
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1985
3127
0.290
23.1
17.3
23.9
19.8
503.3
366.9
449.3
3633

119.4
247
137
12.8
0.583
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1986
3401
0.309
25.0
18.5
26.0
21.3
471.7
338.5
416.6
3478

117.2
224
138
12.0
0.652
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-23	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L3
1986
0.0331
35.6
2563
3841
72.1%

27.9%
28.5%

9.7%
61.8%




Sedan/Wagon
L3
1987
0.0335
36.1
2659
3866
88.4%

11.6%
29.4%

14.4%
56.2%

5.5%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1988
0.0350
36.1
2679
3825
97.7%

2.3%
15.9%

25.3%
58.8%

12.1%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1989
0.0365
36.1
2649
3789
99.2%
0.1%
0.7%
11.9%

27.8%
60.3%

18.8%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1990
0.0379
36.3
2597
3778
99.9%
0.1%
0.0%
1.9%

42.1%
56.0%

24.9%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1991
0.0389
35.5
2538
3700
100.0%

0.0%


43.2%
56.8%

18.7%
1.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L3
1992
0.0409
35.7
2478
3714
100.0%




79.2%
20.8%

20.0%
1.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L3
1993
0.0414
35.7
2488
3751
100.0%

0.0%


80.4%
19.6%

9.4%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1994
0.0380
36.1
2549
3693
100.0%




78.3%
21.7%

18.2%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1995
0.0427
36.5
2650
3764
100.0%




96.9%
3.1%

59.3%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1996
0.0431
36.4
2623
3704
100.0%




100.0%


52.9%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1997
0.0405
35.8
2533
3567
100.0%




100.0%


60.8%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1998
0.0440
36.0
2560
3631
100.0%




100.0%


62.0%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
1999
0.0429
36.4
2560
3643
100.0%




100.0%


56.9%


Sedan/Wagon
L3
2000
0.0433
36.5
2539
3706
94.5%

5.5%


100.0%


63.0%
17.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L3
2001
0.0437
37.9
2666
3870
87.2%

12.8%


100.0%


80.6%
36.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L3
2002
0.0455
38.7
2818
3875
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L3
2003















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2004















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2005















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2006















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2007















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2008















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2009















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2010















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2011















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2012















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2013















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2014















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2015















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2016















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2017















Sedan/Wagon
L3
2018















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1978















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L4
1980
0.0356
32.8
2114
4220


100.0%
91.1%


8.9%




Sedan/Wagon
L4
1981
0.0351
33.9
2247
4508


100.0%
89.6%


10.4%




Sedan/Wagon
L4
1982
0.0352
34.9
2225
4495
14.8%

85.2%
73.4%

2.3%
19.7%
4.6%



Sedan/Wagon
L4
1983
0.0352
35.1
2269
4333
17.5%

82.5%
54.5%

6.6%
37.0%
1.9%



Sedan/Wagon
L4
1984
0.0360
35.1
2234
4173
18.2%

81.8%
49.0%

14.5%
35.8%
0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
L4
1985
0.0378
36.0
2382
4319
42.4%
1.3%
56.3%
39.6%

28.5%
31.5%
0.5%



Sedan/Wagon
L4
1986
0.0395
37.1
2513
4365
57.3%
0.0%
42.7%
30.9%

62.3%
6.7%
0.1%
5.2%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-24	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1987
3702
0.345
25.3
18.7
26.1
21.5
467.2
336.8
413.6
3445

115.1
212
138
12.2
0.693
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1988
4069
0.379
25.8
18.9
26.5
21.8
462.3
331.6
406.8
3464

115.4
210
141
12.1
0.714
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1989
4475
0.447
25.7
18.8
26.4
21.7
467.4
333.8
408.6
3442

114.9
202
141
11.7
0.741
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1990
4442
0.504
25.8
18.8
26.3
21.8
466.9
334.5
408.3
3466

113.4
193
144
10.8
0.790
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1991
4505
0.528
26.4
19.1
26.6
22.1
456.7
329.9
401.7
3407

112.9
189
148
10.8
0.823
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1992
4560
0.562
26.1
18.6
26.5
21.8
468.0
331.2
406.9
3491

114.4
195
156
10.3
0.841
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1993
5077
0.600
26.9
19.2
27.1
22.5
453.4
324.1
395.6
3407

113.3
184
150
9.9
0.853
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1994
5748
0.683
26.7
18.9
26.8
22.2
461.6
327.3
399.9
3420

112.2
185
154
9.6
0.865
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1995
6773
0.721
27.2
19.0
27.3
22.5
457.5
321.5
394.4
3397

111.9
181
161
9.7
0.919
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1996
5895
0.747
27.2
18.9
27.2
22.5
461.4
323.6
395.5
3408

112.0
178
162
10.0
0.937
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1997
6393
0.767
27.6
19.1
27.4
22.7
456.5
320.4
391.1
3371

111.5
174
163
9.9
0.958
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1998
6260
0.785
27.9
19.3
27.6
22.9
452.8
318.9
387.6
3368

110.9
170
162
10.2
0.975
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1999
6686
0.798
27.8
19.0
27.3
22.7
459.3
323.0
391.5
3417

111.4
171
166
10.1
0.988
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2000
6876
0.754
27.9
19.0
27.2
22.7
459.3
323.6
390.7
3416

112.1
170
169
9.6
1.011
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2001
6238
0.742
28.4
19.3
27.5
23.0
451.7
320.0
385.8
3397

111.8
168
166
9.5
1.005
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2002
6275
0.756
28.8
19.5
27.4
23.2
448.3
320.9
383.2
3376

112.3
167
168
9.5
1.027
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2003
5300
0.669
29.3
19.7
27.8
23.5
442.3
316.5
377.8
3380

112.7
165
165
9.5
1.026
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2004
4840
0.642
29.3
19.6
27.8
23.5
445.3
315.9
378.6
3406

113.5
168
171
9.3
1.046
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2005
4656
0.580
30.2
20.1
28.0
24.0
433.0
312.6
371.0
3356

113.6
160
167
9.4
1.068
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2006
3780
0.473
29.9
19.9
27.9
23.8
437.4
314.2
373.8
3416

114.8
164
172
9.4
1.080
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2007
3010
0.372
31.0
20.5
28.9
24.6
421.3
303.2
361.3
3340

111.5
158
165
9.6
1.074
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2008
2902
0.397
30.7
20.3
28.7
24.4
426.1
305.3
364.4
3432
44.8
111.9
160
171
9.6
1.091
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2009
2051
0.364
33.1
22.0
30.3
26.1
392.8
289.5
340.8
3303
43.9
110.6
144
159
9.7
1.124
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2010
1971
0.325
34.3
22.8
31.1
26.9
379.9
282.5
330.4
3253
44.1
110.9
140
156
9.8
1.136
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2011
973
0.169
33.5
22.2
30.0
26.1
390.0
292.3
340.8
3312
43.9
113.5
148
156
9.9
1.094
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2012
495
0.067
36.3
24.2
31.5
27.9
362.4
280.4
318.5
3099
43.2
108.2
118
137
10.4
1.163
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2013
504
0.061
36.9
24.6
31.9
28.3
357.1
276.9
314.1
3054
43.0
104.7
115
136
10.4
1.185
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2014
184
0.024
35.5
23.7
31.1
27.4
367.9
282.9
324.3
3166
44.3
110.3
126
147
10.1
1.167
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2015
82
0.010
39.7
26.6
33.4
30.1
329.8
263.5
295.1
2912
42.2
109.2
109
127
10.6
1.165
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2016
50
0.007
41.5
27.4
35.2
31.4
323.7
252.3
283.2
2879
43.0
108.5
105
124
10.6
1.184
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2017
11
0.002
43.6
30.0
35.6
33.0
295.6
249.5
269.4
2507
39.6
100.3
92
106
11.0
1.159
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2018
-
0.001
43.6
29.7
34.6
32.3
299.2
256.5
275.0
2512
40.1
100.9
92
106
11.0
1.158
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1987
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-25	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L4
1987
0.0399
37.0
2489
4280
62.2%
0.0%
37.8%
18.8%

69.6%
11.6%

17.1%


Sedan/Wagon
L4
1988
0.0405
37.9
2536
4389
66.4%
0.1%
33.4%
10.4%

79.9%
9.7%

20.2%


Sedan/Wagon
L4
1989
0.0410
37.5
2508
4317
72.0%
0.3%
27.7%
5.0%

84.2%
10.8%

22.3%


Sedan/Wagon
L4
1990
0.0416
37.7
2479
4290
78.2%
0.8%
21.0%
0.8%

95.2%
4.0%

29.2%
1.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1991
0.0431
37.7
2517
4271
76.9%
1.2%
21.9%


91.9%
8.1%

31.5%
2.7%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1992
0.0443
38.1
2516
4379
72.5%
0.7%
26.7%


94.8%
5.2%

33.9%
4.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1993
0.0436
38.3
2566
4349
80.2%
1.3%
18.5%


96.3%
3.7%

38.9%
5.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1994
0.0446
38.0
2511
4273
81.8%
0.4%
17.8%


99.0%
1.0%

39.9%
8.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1995
0.0469
38.3
2542
4291
80.5%
1.1%
18.4%


100.0%


46.8%
10.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1996
0.0471
38.3
2530
4295
86.3%
1.3%
12.4%


100.0%


55.5%
11.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1997
0.0477
38.3
2550
4278
87.5%
1.5%
11.0%


100.0%


56.2%
10.3%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1998
0.0476
38.7
2560
4292
90.2%
1.7%
8.1%


100.0%

0.0%
58.4%
16.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
1999
0.0480
38.8
2545
4332
91.3%
1.5%
7.2%


100.0%

0.0%
62.2%
14.9%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2000
0.0490
38.9
2565
4366
91.3%
1.5%
7.2%


100.0%


61.6%
19.6%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2001
0.0484
39.2
2597
4390
92.4%
1.4%
6.2%


99.9%

0.1%
61.1%
22.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2002
0.0492
39.3
2626
4418
94.0%
1.5%
4.5%


99.7%

0.3%
63.7%
28.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2003
0.0485
39.8
2675
4500
91.8%
2.0%
6.2%


99.8%

0.2%
64.4%
32.7%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2004
0.0497
40.0
2685
4551
90.7%
2.8%
6.5%


100.0%


67.8%
32.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2005
0.0491
40.2
2742
4580
90.2%
3.1%
6.8%


100.0%


69.3%
37.9%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2006
0.0499
40.6
2750
4674
90.8%
3.2%
6.0%


100.0%


69.5%
42.6%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2007
0.0489
41.1
2776
4593
94.6%
2.5%
2.8%


100.0%


67.5%
47.2%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2008
0.0492
41.9
2762
4695
86.9%
4.1%
9.1%


100.0%


74.9%
48.0%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2009
0.0475
43.2
2919
4781
89.6%
5.2%
5.3%

0.1%
99.9%


83.8%
71.6%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2010
0.0474
43.8
3012
4859
90.1%
1.6%
8.3%

0.0%
100.0%


89.0%
81.5%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
L4
2011
0.0465
43.1
2987
4902
92.7%
2.8%
4.5%


100.0%


74.6%
84.6%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2012
0.0441
43.2
3028
4676
99.8%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
98.7%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2013
0.0442
43.2
2979
4523
99.9%
0.1%



100.0%


100.0%
98.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2014
0.0459
43.4
3048
4791
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2015
0.0434
43.9
3303
4801
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2016
0.0431
45.2
3404
4909
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2017
0.0423
41.3
3308
4146
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L4
2018
0.0423
40.6
3260
4094
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1978















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1980















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1981















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1982















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1983















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1984















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1985















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1986















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1987















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-26	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1993
9
0.001
20.7
14.6
21.3
17.4
606.3
416.6
511.9
4247

116.2
243
280
7.0
1.153
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1994
22
0.003
21.8
15.3
22.7
18.3
582.2
390.1
486.0
4011

110.0
222
258
7.2
1.164
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1995
29
0.003
22.5
15.7
23.2
18.8
564.1
381.4
471.8
4301

110.8
233
271
7.4
1.167
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1996
27
0.003
22.1
15.4
22.4
18.4
572.6
391.6
483.7
4310

106.7
246
258
8.1
1.054
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1997
150
0.018
24.5
17.0
24.4
20.3
515.6
360.6
439.7
4027

107.3
217
236
8.3
1.097
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1998
261
0.033
25.3
17.5
24.9
20.8
501.3
353.1
428.4
3923

105.7
202
233
8.5
1.165
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1999
363
0.043
25.4
17.4
25.2
20.9
507.0
349.6
426.8
3826

106.2
187
223
8.5
1.214
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2000
622
0.068
24.7
16.8
24.3
20.2
523.6
362.2
440.3
3822

109.7
195
222
8.2
1.151
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2001
829
0.099
24.9
17.0
24.2
20.3
519.2
363.9
437.9
3792

108.3
186
220
8.0
1.210
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2002
950
0.114
25.5
17.3
24.7
20.7
510.4
357.4
429.2
3788

106.2
184
219
8.1
1.218
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2003
1591
0.201
26.9
18.0
26.1
21.8
487.0
336.8
408.0
3655

106.4
177
211
8.2
1.210
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2004
1603
0.213
27.2
18.1
26.2
21.9
487.0
335.7
406.2
3704

107.6
174
211
8.3
1.222
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2005
2046
0.255
27.5
18.2
26.5
22.1
482.9
331.5
402.4
3749

111.0
186
216
8.2
1.174
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2006
2247
0.281
28.3
18.7
27.0
22.6
464.4
321.8
392.6
3716

112.5
189
220
8.2
1.184
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2007
2242
0.277
29.6
19.5
28.1
23.6
444.8
310.5
376.1
3597

111.2
169
198
8.7
1.182
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2008
1559
0.213
30.7
20.2
28.9
24.4
428.9
300.6
364.1
3549
45.8
110.7
163
197
8.8
1.221
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2009
1506
0.267
32.4
21.2
30.5
25.6
412.2
288.1
347.1
3473
46.0
113.2
151
179
8.9
1.198
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2010
1110
0.183
32.8
21.6
30.7
26.0
402.6
284.7
342.1
3417
45.6
110.1
154
187
8.7
1.238
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2011
643
0.112
33.3
21.7
31.1
26.2
400.1
282.4
339.0
3466
46.6
112.0
158
195
8.7
1.246
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2012
997
0.135
36.3
23.5
33.3
28.2
367.5
262.9
314.8
3342
45.7
109.9
144
178
9.0
1.248
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2013
588
0.072
36.9
24.0
33.7
28.7
355.0
256.6
309.8
3238
44.8
106.1
143
177
9.1
1.258
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2014
148
0.019
26.7
17.3
26.5
21.6
501.9
331.4
411.4
4050
51.5
115.4
252
300
7.0
1.220
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2015
11
0.001
36.9
23.9
33.8
28.7
370.2
261.9
309.7
3000
43.6
101.7
122
149
9.3
1.223
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
L5
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1988
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-27	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L5
1988















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1989















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1991















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L5
1993
0.0662
36.8
2017
4286


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
L5
1994
0.0643
36.7
2013
4035


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
35.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1995
0.0630
40.5
2086
4493


100.0%


100.0%


98.0%
21.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1996
0.0592
39.5
1972
4236
16.2%
11.4%
72.4%


100.0%


67.8%
72.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1997
0.0582
40.9
2196
4401
2.0%
5.4%
92.6%


98.2%

1.8%
97.4%
46.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1998
0.0590
41.0
2216
4335
7.5%
10.6%
81.9%


98.7%

1.3%
99.6%
56.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
1999
0.0578
40.0
2232
4258
17.3%
11.7%
71.0%


98.7%

1.3%
99.2%
50.1%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2000
0.0576
38.7
2234
4250
26.8%
6.6%
66.6%


98.9%

1.1%
96.3%
54.9%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2001
0.0578
38.6
2208
4185
31.8%
13.1%
55.1%


100.0%


99.9%
61.1%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2002
0.0575
39.3
2218
4187
38.0%
14.3%
47.7%


100.0%


100.0%
57.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2003
0.0576
40.0
2353
4276
55.5%
7.5%
36.9%


100.0%


99.2%
66.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2004
0.0568
40.8
2387
4402
65.0%
11.8%
23.2%


99.4%

0.6%
99.4%
73.6%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2005
0.0570
41.8
2498
4658
64.3%
8.9%
26.8%


98.9%

1.1%
91.1%
79.2%
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2006
0.0584
42.5
2595
4780
68.3%
6.6%
25.2%


99.7%

0.3%
90.1%
81.6%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2007
0.0542
42.8
2676
4771
76.6%
5.0%
18.5%

0.1%
99.9%


93.7%
82.5%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
L5
2008
0.0546
43.6
2756
4839
81.9%
5.5%
12.6%


100.0%


95.3%
80.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2009
0.0509
44.6
2931
5056
93.0%
2.1%
4.9%

0.1%
99.9%


96.5%
89.3%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2010
0.0539
44.6
2906
4912
87.2%
2.7%
10.2%


100.0%


93.5%
93.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2011
0.0550
45.5
2971
5101
83.5%
1.8%
14.7%


100.0%


95.0%
94.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2012
0.0522
47.4
3144
5203
90.2%
0.7%
9.2%


100.0%


96.0%
99.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2013
0.0527
46.9
3124
4959
80.9%
1.9%
17.2%


100.0%


91.3%
99.3%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2014
0.0729
43.8
2519
5055
15.1%
8.0%
76.8%


100.0%


64.6%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2015
0.0496
43.2
2929
4393
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L5
2016















Sedan/Wagon
L5
2017















Sedan/Wagon
L5
2018















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1978















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1980















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1981















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1982















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1983















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1984















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1985















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1986















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1987















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1988















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-28	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L6
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
L6
2000
0
0.000
14.5
9.8
15.2
12.1
907.6
585.5
733.5
3500

50.0
219
394
5.2
1.799
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2001
1
0.000
14.5
9.7
15.1
12.1
911.9
587.6
734.7
3500

50.0
219
394
5.1
1.799
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2002
23
0.003
22.5
15.1
22.5
18.5
580.9
390.0
481.1
4351

113.6
258
334
6.4
1.311
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2003
71
0.009
24.4
16.3
23.9
19.8
538.4
368.0
448.3
3980

101.7
206
263
7.6
1.269
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2004
172
0.023
24.6
16.3
24.3
20.0
540.0
362.8
445.0
3996

109.1
216
264
7.4
1.218
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2005
322
0.040
26.2
17.3
25.2
21.1
506.1
349.2
422.4
3897

113.0
193
229
8.0
1.179
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2006
851
0.106
27.6
18.2
26.4
22.1
482.6
335.7
403.2
3745

107.0
183
224
7.9
1.239
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2007
1100
0.136
27.3
18.0
26.3
21.9
488.2
335.1
405.2
3871

110.2
194
242
7.6
1.255
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2008
1197
0.164
27.2
17.9
26.4
21.9
491.0
334.4
406.0
3880
46.6
109.5
194
249
7.5
1.298
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2009
882
0.156
28.2
18.6
27.1
22.6
471.8
324.9
394.4
3838
46.4
109.3
188
239
7.6
1.290
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2010
1406
0.232
29.8
19.5
28.6
23.8
449.2
307.7
373.3
3738
46.8
112.1
181
226
7.8
1.252
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2011
2680
0.467
32.0
20.9
30.2
25.3
418.6
290.5
351.5
3632
46.6
112.2
163
210
8.2
1.299
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2012
3666
0.496
34.3
22.4
31.8
27.0
387.4
275.6
329.9
3476
45.7
112.1
151
194
8.4
1.298
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2013
4134
0.503
34.8
22.8
32.3
27.4
382.2
272.7
325.2
3474
46.0
112.1
147
198
8.3
1.367
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2014
3723
0.487
34.9
22.7
32.2
27.3
385.0
273.8
326.1
3510
46.2
112.6
147
199
8.3
1.377
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2015
3404
0.431
35.6
23.1
32.7
27.7
379.5
269.5
321.1
3508
46.3
113.0
144
196
8.3
1.386
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2016
3106
0.436
36.7
23.8
33.4
28.5
366.7
263.0
312.0
3449
46.3
113.3
135
187
8.5
1.418
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2017
2761
0.396
37.4
24.5
34.5
29.4
355.3
253.6
302.8
3405
46.3
113.1
131
184
8.5
1.433
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2018
-
0.266
38.1
24.8
34.0
29.3
350.6
257.9
303.0
3388
46.3
113.0
127
179
8.6
1.443
Sedan/Wagon
L7
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1989
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-29	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L6
1989















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1991















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1993















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1994















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1995















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1996















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1997















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1998















Sedan/Wagon
L6
1999















Sedan/Wagon
L6
2000
0.1126
21.2
606
1060


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2001
0.1126
21.2
605
1058


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2002
0.0773
40.8
2153
4743


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2003
0.0651
39.7
2024
4081
25.0%

75.0%


100.0%


83.2%
75.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2004
0.0653
40.1
2199
4410
14.2%
8.4%
77.4%


99.4%

0.6%
91.0%
84.7%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2005
0.0578
41.3
2417
4702
55.8%
11.9%
32.3%


98.7%

1.3%
92.3%
43.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2006
0.0595
41.7
2396
4483
48.7%
10.6%
40.8%


96.7%

3.3%
94.1%
73.2%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2007
0.0622
42.6
2431
4717
60.5%
14.7%
24.8%

0.8%
99.2%


97.8%
59.0%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2008
0.0639
42.7
2419
4696
55.1%
18.6%
26.3%

14.7%
85.3%


97.9%
59.9%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2009
0.0618
43.8
2512
4801
59.0%
17.0%
23.9%

22.4%
74.2%

3.4%
97.1%
70.2%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2010
0.0599
44.7
2704
5024
72.6%
10.4%
17.1%

19.3%
80.6%

0.1%
96.9%
98.8%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2011
0.0570
46.3
2893
5204
81.5%
5.8%
12.7%

26.8%
71.4%

1.8%
98.1%
96.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2012
0.0551
47.2
3075
5292
91.2%
2.8%
6.0%

36.3%
62.4%

1.3%
98.7%
97.8%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2013
0.0562
47.8
3119
5370
91.0%
3.1%
5.9%

44.1%
53.7%

2.2%
98.8%
96.9%
1.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2014
0.0558
48.2
3118
5431
89.6%
3.2%
7.2%

50.6%
47.3%

2.2%
98.0%
96.4%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2015
0.0552
48.9


88.7%
4.3%
7.0%

56.9%
41.4%

1.7%
98.6%
96.8%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2016
0.0535
49.3


92.3%
4.6%
3.0%

60.8%
39.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
L6
2017
0.0532
50.2


91.6%
5.0%
3.5%

59.6%
40.4%


99.7%
99.7%

Sedan/Wagon
L6
2018
0.0521
49.9


92.4%
6.6%
1.0%

72.9%
27.1%


99.7%
100.0%
0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1978















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1980















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1981















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1982















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1983















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1984















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1985















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1986















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1987















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1988















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1989















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-30	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L7
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
199S
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2004
35
0.005
21.9
14.6
21.6
17.9
606.4
410.6
496.S
4161

93.4
296
29S
6.4
1.006
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2005
39
0.005
22.9
15.2
22.5
IS.6
5S2.6
395.5
477.2
3951

79.1
279
293
6.2
1.066
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2006
166
0.021
23.7
15.S
22.7
19.1
553.2
3S6.5
465.1
4171

111.0
226
26S
7.1
1.211
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2007
170
0.021
23.0
15.3
22.4
IS.6
575.6
395.2
47S.1
4295

10S.S
246
300
6.9
1.236
Sedan/Wagon
L7
200S
17S
0.024
23.9
15.S
23.0
19.3
553.3
3S2.0
462.3
4227
47.S
106.5
239
295
6.9
1.240
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2009
174
0.031
25.1
16.6
24.1
20.2
52S.S
365.3
440.3
4093
46.7
99.3
229
299
6.6
1.315
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2010
200
0.033
25.1
16.7
24.0
20.2
527.0
36S.3
440.2
4157
47.9
104.7
227
296
6.7
1.306
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2011
246
0.043
25.S
17.2
24.5
20.7
514.2
361.7
429.6
4142
46.9
102.5
220
291
6.S
1.32S
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2012
24S
0.034
27.9
1S.4
26.5
22.3
47S.7
333.1
399.5
4092
47.1
103.3
203
29S
6.7
1.494
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2013
27S
0.034
2S.S
19.0
27.3
23.0
457.7
320.6
3S7.0
4055
46.9
9S.S
202
299
6.6
1.523
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2014
335
0.044
30.3
20.0
2S.4
24.1
436.3
30S.4
369.9
4093
47.2
103.2
197
295
6.7
1.534
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2015
292
0.037
30.S
20.3
2S.5
24.3
425.S
307.1
365.7
403S
4S.0
105.1
1S5
301
6.5
1.6S9
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2016
254
0.036
31.3
20.7
2S.5
24.6
41S.5
306.4
362.0
4019
4S.0
106.0
176
292
6.6
1.711
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2017
243
0.035
32.3
21.5
29.5
25.4
404.S
296.6
350.0
3971
47.3
104.0
154
277
6.S
1.S37
Sedan/Wagon
L7
201S
-
0.029
32.S
21.6
30.2
25.S
403.1
2S9.2
344.6
3S71
46.7
104.4
149
273
6.S
1.S47
Sedan/Wagon
LS
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
197S
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S0
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S1
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S2
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S3
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S4
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S5
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S6
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S7
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19SS
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S9
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1990
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-31	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L7
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1991















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1993















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1994















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1995















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1996















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1997















Sedan/Wagon
L7
199S















Sedan/Wagon
L7
1999















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2000















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2001















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2002















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2003















Sedan/Wagon
L7
2004
0.071S
37.3
16S4
3547


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
L7
2005
0.0745
36.S
1469
2965


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
26.1%

Sedan/Wagon
L7
2006
0.0650
40.1
2136
4522

11.7%
88.3%


100.0%


100.0%
71.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L7
2007
0.069S
40.2
2039
4423

12.7%
87.3%


97.7%

2.3%
100.0%
38.3%

Sedan/Wagon
L7
200S
0.0695
41.1
2070
4402

23.4%
76.6%


97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
24.4%

Sedan/Wagon
L7
2009
0.0731
41.6
2024
4154

28.9%
71.1%

1.1%
98.0%

0.9%
100.0%
72.6%

Sedan/Wagon
L7
2010
0.0710
42.1
2121
4413

39.8%
60.2%

4.9%
95.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2011
0.0703
43.1
2132
4427

44.2%
55.8%

8.0%
90.6%

1.4%
100.0%
100.0%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2012
0.0725
45.S
2321
4762

40.8%
59.2%

54.4%
44.3%

1.3%
100.0%
98.7%
0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2013
0.0732
47.1
2317
46SS
2.2%
41.7%
56.1%

73.6%
25.8%

0.6%
100.0%
99.4%
2.4%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2014
0.0716
49.7
2526
515S
10.1%
40.7%
49.3%

78.9%
20.1%

1.0%
100.0%
99.0%
2.3%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2015
0.0740
49.5
2603
5225
9.5%
50.4%
40.1%

72.3%
27.3%

0.4%
100.0%
99.6%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2016
0.0721
49.S
2657
5304
10.1%
46.4%
43.5%

85.5%
14.1%

0.4%
100.0%
99.6%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
2017
0.0693
51.2
2692
5325
14.9%
50.5%
34.6%

85.2%
14.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
L7
201S
0.0701
50.6
2751
5307
22.2%
57.2%
20.5%

94.5%
5.5%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
1975















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1976















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1977















Sedan/Wagon
LS
197S















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1979















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S0















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S1















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S2















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S3















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S4















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S5















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S6















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S7















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19SS















Sedan/Wagon
LS
19S9















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1990















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-32	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
LS
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
199S
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2007
35
0.004
25.2
16.5
24.7
20.4
537.0
359.4
435.S
4500

115.7
281
380
5.7
1.352
Sedan/Wagon
LS
200S
33
0.005
24.7
16.4
23.9
19.9
542.2
371.4
445.5
4497
51.2
113.8
284
382
5.7
1.343
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2009
10
0.002
24.2
16.0
23.6
19.6
554.3
376.5
453.4
4699
51.6
114.8
282
382
5.7
1.351
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2010
IS
0.003
24.2
15.9
23.7
19.6
556.2
372.5
453.7
4724
52.5
117.4
278
385
5.7
1.389
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2011
111
0.019
29.3
19.3
2S.1
23.5
454.1
312.7
377.7
4323
50.6
112.4
189
292
6.6
1.576
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2012
249
0.034
29.6
19.2
2S.7
23.7
457.6
305.9
375.6
4112
51.1
115.8
194
301
6.3
1.606
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2013
409
0.050
30.3
19.6
29.3
24.2
446.S
300.3
367.9
40S1
50.1
114.1
175
292
6.5
1.728
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2014
476
0.062
30.6
19.S
29.6
24.4
443.3
29S.0
366.3
4095
49.S
113.6
175
289
6.5
1.709
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2015
673
0.0S5
30.0
19.3
29.4
24.0
450.3
29S.3
370.6
40S5
49.9
110.9
197
302
6.4
1.618
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2016
77S
0.109
30.2
19.5
29.5
24.2
445.4
297.5
367.S
4043
49.5
109.4
198
308
6.3
1.650
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2017
636
0.091
30.3
19.6
29.6
24.3
442.6
295.9
366.1
4056
49.5
108.4
200
309
6.3
1.655
Sedan/Wagon
LS
201S
-
0.17S
34.2
22.1
31.9
26.S
3SS.2
271.7
331.S
3SS4
49.0
111.8
173
272
6.7
1.626
Sedan/Wagon
L9
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
197S
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S0
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S1
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S2
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S3
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S4
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S5
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S6
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S7
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19SS
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S9
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1991
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-33	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
LS
1991















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1992















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1993















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1994















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1995















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1996















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1997















Sedan/Wagon
LS
199S















Sedan/Wagon
LS
1999















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2000















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2001















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2002















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2003















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2004















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2005















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2006















Sedan/Wagon
LS
2007
0.0S44
45.9
2360
5309


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
LS
200S
0.0S53
44.9
2272
5120

6.3%
93.7%

8.4%
91.6%


100.0%
100.0%
6.3%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2009
0.0S16
46.0
2251
5290

42.6%
57.4%

6.6%
93.4%


100.0%
100.0%
2.2%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2010
0.0S16
46.4
2311
544S

32.1%
67.9%

21.2%
78.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
LS
2011
0.0670
51.1
2670
5756

53.8%
46.2%

82.1%
17.9%


99.8%
100.0%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2012
0.072S
4S.9
2765
5661

37.0%
63.0%

65.9%
34.1%


99.9%
100.0%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2013
0.0710
49.5
27S4
5653

44.0%
56.0%

75.9%
24.1%


99.9%
100.0%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2014
0.0702
50.4
2S16
5732

46.1%
53.9%

67.6%
27.8%

4.6%
100.0%
95.4%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2015
0.0736
49.6
2713
551S
7.5%
32.2%
60.3%

65.2%
33.7%

1.0%
90.2%
99.0%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2016
0.0759
49.4
2696
5432
10.4%
30.8%
58.8%

65.6%
33.8%

0.6%
86.5%
99.4%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
LS
2017
0.0761
49.9
2694
5451
14.0%
31.9%
54.1%

72.3%
27.1%

0.7%
86.5%
97.8%

Sedan/Wagon
LS
201S
0.0693
53.0
3094
5939
40.7%
23.7%
35.6%

50.4%
48.8%

0.9%
93.9%
98.5%

Sedan/Wagon
L9
1975















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1976















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1977















Sedan/Wagon
L9
197S















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1979















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S0















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S1















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S2















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S3















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S4















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S5















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S6















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S7















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19SS















Sedan/Wagon
L9
19S9















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1990















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1991















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-34	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
L9
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2015
276
0.035
34.9
21.9
34.4
27.6
403.7
257.1
322.0
3649
47.1
116.0
167
215
7.3
1.276
Sedan/Wagon
L9
2016
109
0.015
35.1
22.0
34.3
27.7
401.4
257.3
321.0
3646
47.0
114.0
166
217
7.2
1.300
Sedan/Wagon
L9
2017
128
0.018
32.2
21.1
30.2
25.5
417.5
290.6
349.3
4008
49.5
107.5
159
279
6.4
1.814
Sedan/Wagon
L9
2018
-
0.040
32.7
21.4
30.2
25.6
412.9
293.0
347.4
4016
48.7
108.3
156
282
6.3
1.861
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1978
47
0.004
22.3
17.3
21.6
19.0
512.1
409.5
467.5
3441

113.5
219
100
15.0
0.459
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1979
23
0.002
22.1
17.4
20.9
18.8
506.8
424.2
472.9
3584

111.7
224
102
15.3
0.458
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1980
17
0.002
21.1
16.9
19.5
18.0
523.4
454.1
494.3
3526

109.1
228
111
14.7
0.485
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1981
9
0.001
21.4
16.9
20.2
18.2
525.7
439.8
487.2
3500

103.7
229
115
14.2
0.501
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1992
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-35	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
L9
1992















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1993















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1994















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1995















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1996















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1997















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1998















Sedan/Wagon
L9
1999















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2000















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2001















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2002















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2003















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2004















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2005















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2006















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2007















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2008















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2009















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2010















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2011















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2012















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2013















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2014















Sedan/Wagon
L9
2015
0.0583
50.4


89.5%
10.3%
0.2%

13.6%
86.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L9
2016
0.0589
50.5


88.7%
8.4%
2.9%

19.5%
80.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
L9
2017
0.0688
51.2


27.6%
37.7%
34.7%

88.6%
10.2%

1.2%
100.0%
98.8%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
L9
2018
0.0698
51.7
2799
5591
37.3%
37.9%
24.7%

97.7%


2.3%
100.0%
97.7%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1975















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1976















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1977















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1978
0.0293
32.7
2173
3708


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
M3
1979
0.0286
33.8
2122
3783


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
M3
1980
0.0314
31.8
1964
3464


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
M3
1981
0.0328
31.9
1892
3311


100.0%
100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
M3
1982















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1983















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1984















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1985















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1986















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1987















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1988















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1989















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1990















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1991















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1992















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-36	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1978
1129
0.101
27.7
21.5
26.9
23.6
391.1
316.4
377.3
2567

88.4
123
82
14.4
0.701
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1979
1509
0.140
26.8
20.7
26.2
22.8
411.8
329.9
390.1
2606

89.9
124
83
15.5
0.696
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1980
1733
0.183
28.0
21.5
27.6
23.9
402.7
319.5
375.1
2582

93.9
123
80
16.0
0.659
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1981
1335
0.153
31.2
24.1
30.6
26.6
360.4
286.6
335.9
2499

99.0
116
78
15.8
0.692
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1982
1074
0.137
31.3
24.0
31.1
26.7
359.7
280.6
333.9
2557

94.7
117
77
17.3
0.675
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1983
542
0.068
33.7
26.1
32.7
28.7
328.0
266.1
310.6
2494

98.6
112
75
15.9
0.682
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1984
668
0.063
35.1
27.2
34.2
30.0
317.3
255.5
297.9
2505

93.6
112
77
15.6
0.695
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1985
444
0.041
36.4
28.2
35.4
31.0
305.6
245.5
286.5
2508

98.5
110
81
14.9
0.733
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1986
489
0.044
34.9
26.9
33.6
29.6
317.7
256.7
300.4
2535

95.5
114
83
14.2
0.738
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1987
344
0.032
35.9
28.0
33.3
30.2
308.0
258.6
293.9
2417

94.4
100
77
14.9
0.769
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1988
487
0.045
37.1
29.0
33.9
31.1
299.8
258.2
285.6
2354

96.4
97
74
15.1
0.761
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1989
315
0.031
38.1
29.3
35.1
31.8
298.6
249.7
279.6
2380

98.0
96
79
13.9
0.824
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1990
195
0.022
37.6
28.7
34.4
31.2
307.1
256.6
284.7
2462

97.1
97
86
12.4
0.892
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1991
143
0.017
38.8
29.8
34.7
32.0
297.4
255.4
277.7
2417

97.2
92
89
12.1
0.975
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1992
107
0.013
38.5
29.1
34.7
31.6
305.0
255.7
281.1
2376

96.4
92
88
11.9
0.963
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1993
78
0.009
38.6
29.1
34.3
31.5
304.9
258.5
281.9
2308

96.2
90
81
11.5
0.911
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-37	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
M3
1993















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1994















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1995















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1996















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1997















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1998















Sedan/Wagon
M3
1999















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2000















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2001















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2002















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2003















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2004















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2005















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2006















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2007















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2008















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2009















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2010















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2011















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2012















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2013















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2014















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2015















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2016















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2017















Sedan/Wagon
M3
2018















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1975















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1976















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1977















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1978
0.0316
30.9
2208
2753
44.2%

55.8%
75.1%

21.2%

3.7%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1979
0.0313
30.1
2133
2723
32.0%
2.5%
65.5%
87.5%

9.8%

2.7%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1980
0.0306
31.2
2307
2944
47.2%
2.6%
50.2%
83.9%

8.3%

7.7%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1981
0.0312
33.7
2697
3329
62.3%
3.4%
34.3%
88.8%

4.3%

6.9%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1982
0.0299
34.5
2596
3272
69.6%
3.7%
26.6%
88.5%

4.4%
3.6%
3.5%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1983
0.0299
36.3
2912
3578
65.4%
7.8%
26.8%
76.0%

7.5%
13.0%
3.5%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1984
0.0306
38.0
2902
3568
61.2%
5.5%
33.3%
61.8%

5.7%
28.8%
3.7%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1985
0.0319
39.3
3148
3886
74.5%
0.8%
24.6%
72.1%

9.0%
18.4%
0.4%



Sedan/Wagon
M4
1986
0.0324
38.2
2944
3676
74.2%
0.9%
25.0%
76.4%

14.4%
9.1%
0.1%
0.2%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1987
0.0314
37.2
2944
3526
92.0%
1.0%
7.0%
54.7%

14.2%
31.2%

22.8%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1988
0.0311
37.0
3066
3579
97.9%
0.6%
1.4%
44.4%

19.5%
36.1%

18.1%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1989
0.0330
38.1
3165
3742
99.3%
0.3%
0.4%
34.4%

20.9%
44.7%

35.5%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1990
0.0350
38.6
3057
3761
99.6%

0.4%
9.7%

31.9%
58.4%

57.4%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1991
0.0370
38.7
3121
3769
100.0%


0.4%

69.5%
30.1%

78.7%
11.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M4
1992
0.0372
37.6
3052
3623
100.0%




97.5%
2.5%

80.8%
20.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M4
1993
0.0354
36.4
3033
3499
100.0%




95.8%
4.2%

76.7%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-38	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1994
53
0.006
39.2
29.3
34.9
31.9
303.8
254.6
278.7
2250

95.0
89
82
11.2
0.921
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1995
18
0.002
42.5
31.1
38.0
34.3
285.5
234.1
259.0
2250

90.0
91
93
10.5
1.022
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1996
20
0.003
42.6
30.9
37.8
34.2
287.2
234.8
260.0
2250

90.0
91
93
11.0
1.022
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1978
1037
0.093
28.7
22.3
27.8
24.5
377.5
310.5
363.0
2564

86.2
114
85
14.1
0.753
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1979
742
0.069
25.9
19.8
25.7
22.1
429.6
335.7
402.7
2633

82.6
117
85
14.9
0.724
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1980
1173
0.124
29.1
22.4
28.5
24.8
383.7
305.5
358.9
2541

86.7
110
80
15.3
0.726
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1981
1264
0.145
31.8
24.8
30.6
27.1
350.3
286.8
329.4
2488

87.2
110
79
15.4
0.710
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1982
1210
0.155
32.3
25.1
31.2
27.5
343.6
279.8
324.5
2519

89.8
114
81
16.2
0.710
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1983
1543
0.193
31.9
24.6
31.4
27.3
346.2
274.2
326.3
2583

93.3
120
87
14.4
0.732
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1984
1908
0.179
31.5
24.2
31.1
26.9
352.4
278.8
331.7
2646

94.3
125
94
13.7
0.757
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1985
2019
0.187
32.1
24.6
31.7
27.4
345.4
273.0
325.4
2629

93.8
122
96
13.4
0.791
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1986
2239
0.203
32.2
24.7
31.6
27.4
343.7
273.9
324.7
2684

96.0
122
97
12.8
0.805
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1987
2328
0.217
31.9
24.2
31.2
27.0
352.4
278.2
329.5
2719

95.5
122
99
13.0
0.821
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1988
2117
0.197
32.3
24.3
31.4
27.2
348.5
275.6
326.6
2738

96.8
122
104
12.9
0.852
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1989
1784
0.178
31.8
23.8
31.0
26.7
358.3
280.2
332.5
2786

98.0
125
108
12.0
0.883
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1990
1528
0.173
31.2
23.2
30.0
26.1
367.6
289.1
340.7
2834

95.9
125
118
10.7
0.967
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1991
1599
0.188
32.3
23.9
30.8
26.9
356.0
280.7
330.9
2796

95.7
121
117
10.9
0.974
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1992
1299
0.160
32.5
23.8
31.2
26.9
355.7
276.8
329.9
2813

96.7
122
121
10.4
1.009
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1993
1416
0.167
33.3
24.2
31.7
27.5
350.6
273.0
323.5
2771

97.1
120
117
9.9
0.978
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1994
1329
0.158
33.4
24.1
31.8
27.5
352.8
272.0
323.2
2831

97.8
123
119
9.8
0.986
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-39	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
M4
1994
0.0364
35.9
3029
3408
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1995
0.0413
38.6
3088
3474
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1996
0.0413
38.5
3077
3461
100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Sedan/Wagon
M4
1997















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1998















Sedan/Wagon
M4
1999















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2000















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2001















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2002















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2003















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2004















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2005















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2006















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2007















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2008















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2009















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2010















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2011















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2012















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2013















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2014















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2015















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2016















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2017















Sedan/Wagon
M4
2018















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1975















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1976















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1977















Sedan/Wagon
M5
1978
0.0326
32.0
2203
2767
20.5%

79.5%
94.2%

5.8%





Sedan/Wagon
M5
1979
0.0318
29.7
1926
2471
33.8%

66.2%
81.7%

16.3%

2.0%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1980
0.0313
32.0
2240
2792
39.2%

60.8%
78.1%

19.5%

2.4%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1981
0.0313
34.1
2445
2993
49.8%

50.2%
74.5%

20.2%

5.3%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1982
0.0318
35.2
2577
3190
56.1%
0.2%
43.7%
74.9%

20.2%

4.9%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1983
0.0331
35.8
2670
3375
66.4%
6.1%
27.5%
67.3%

25.0%
7.0%
0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1984
0.0349
36.3
2649
3439
69.6%
1.4%
29.0%
56.9%

31.0%
8.9%
3.2%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1985
0.0358
36.5
2678
3446
70.3%
5.8%
23.9%
55.6%

33.2%
9.3%
2.0%



Sedan/Wagon
M5
1986
0.0356
37.3
2728
3582
78.6%
3.6%
17.9%
41.2%

45.7%
12.0%
1.1%
15.1%


Sedan/Wagon
M5
1987
0.0358
37.1
2660
3547
79.2%
3.4%
17.4%
37.9%

45.6%
16.3%
0.2%
30.3%


Sedan/Wagon
M5
1988
0.0370
37.7
2728
3657
83.0%
3.1%
13.9%
26.0%

48.7%
25.3%

39.9%


Sedan/Wagon
M5
1989
0.0382
37.6
2700
3691
83.2%
3.2%
13.6%
16.4%

59.0%
24.3%
0.2%
46.9%


Sedan/Wagon
M5
1990
0.0410
37.3
2576
3590
83.5%
2.6%
13.9%
2.0%

77.0%
20.9%
0.1%
63.2%


Sedan/Wagon
M5
1991
0.0409
38.0
2659
3646
84.3%
3.1%
12.5%
0.2%

75.9%
23.6%
0.3%
61.1%
2.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1992
0.0423
38.4
2705
3725
85.1%
3.4%
11.5%
0.1%

86.4%
13.5%
0.1%
62.9%
7.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1993
0.0415
38.6
2764
3757
89.3%
2.3%
8.4%


86.3%
13.7%

59.0%
8.5%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1994
0.0414
39.4
2783
3867
88.7%
1.0%
10.3%


90.2%
9.8%

61.4%
14.4%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-40	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1995
1476
0.157
33.2
23.7
31.8
27.3
361.1
273.3
325.8
2869

99.2
125
126
9.8
1.026
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1996
1125
0.143
33.2
23.5
31.8
27.2
365.8
274.4
327.1
2912

100.1
128
130
10.0
1.029
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1997
1096
0.132
33.3
23.4
31.7
27.1
368.3
275.6
327.5
2897

98.7
125
129
9.9
1.048
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1998
955
0.120
32.9
22.9
31.2
26.7
376.8
280.2
333.6
2961

99.6
130
134
10.1
1.052
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1999
870
0.104
32.0
22.2
30.1
25.9
390.0
290.5
344.0
3001

98.7
131
139
9.8
1.079
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2000
941
0.103
31.8
22.0
29.7
25.6
393.3
294.4
348.0
3017

99.3
134
141
9.3
1.084
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2001
851
0.101
32.0
22.0
29.8
25.7
392.9
293.7
346.6
3049

99.8
134
144
9.1
1.095
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2002
779
0.094
32.0
21.8
29.6
25.5
397.4
295.8
348.6
3081

102.4
133
147
9.2
1.126
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2003
689
0.087
32.1
21.8
29.6
25.6
397.2
295.5
348.7
3139

102.7
134
153
9.0
1.159
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2004
532
0.071
32.5
21.9
29.8
25.7
396.0
294.4
346.4
3095

103.6
134
154
8.9
1.164
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2005
561
0.070
32.4
21.7
29.5
25.6
398.8
296.0
348.4
3112

104.5
136
157
8.8
1.166
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2006
514
0.064
32.1
21.4
29.3
25.3
404.2
299.3
352.2
3166

102.5
139
160
8.9
1.161
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2007
458
0.057
32.7
21.8
30.0
25.8
395.5
291.4
344.6
3116

102.0
140
161
8.8
1.161
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2008
388
0.053
33.0
22.1
29.9
25.9
389.9
292.0
342.8
3152
42.4
103.6
137
162
8.9
1.194
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2009
250
0.044
34.2
22.9
30.7
26.7
379.1
285.6
333.1
3107
42.3
105.6
130
153
8.9
1.191
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2010
166
0.027
34.4
23.0
30.9
27.0
375.3
282.6
329.8
3130
42.7
106.4
136
161
8.8
1.193
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2011
111
0.019
35.4
24.0
31.0
27.5
363.3
282.8
322.9
3092
42.2
109.1
120
156
9.1
1.279
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2012
143
0.019
37.8
25.3
33.1
29.3
345.4
265.6
303.8
2995
41.5
103.9
115
145
9.2
1.250
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2013
131
0.016
37.8
25.3
32.8
29.1
344.3
266.9
305.8
2963
40.9
103.3
112
154
9.0
1.359
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2014
98
0.013
37.7
25.2
33.0
29.1
344.9
264.3
305.4
2961
41.7
105.9
110
147
9.3
1.315
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2015
75
0.009
39.9
26.3
34.6
30.5
332.4
253.6
291.6
2953
41.2
103.7
103
133
9.7
1.283
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2016
45
0.006
41.1
26.6
36.2
31.4
332.4
244.1
283.4
3033
41.9
107.2
102
137
9.4
1.361
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2017
52
0.008
42.0
27.3
37.7
32.4
322.7
233.4
274.1
2957
41.9
107.3
96
134
9.5
1.417
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2018
-
0.005
40.4
26.5
35.2
30.8
332.6
250.6
288.3
2944
41.3
107.4
101
132
9.6
1.315
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1989
4
0.000
22.7
16.0
25.0
19.3
554.1
355.1
459.7
3500

50.0
350
240
7.1
0.686
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1990
8
0.001
22.3
15.7
24.2
18.9
565.7
367.2
470.5
3503

50.0
350
302
5.9
0.864
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1991
6
0.001
21.9
15.3
23.8
18.5
574.3
370.2
479.2
3583

53.3
346
296
6.1
0.857
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1992
6
0.001
22.7
15.9
24.2
19.1
555.2
366.5
465.0
3532

52.8
339
303
5.8
0.914
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1993
14
0.002
22.8
15.9
24.0
19.1
555.0
369.2
464.1
3541

73.4
333
284
5.7
0.896
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1994
27
0.003
23.0
15.9
24.6
19.3
557.6
359.5
459.6
3608

79.5
325
276
5.8
0.932
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1995
35
0.004
22.6
15.5
24.3
19.0
568.6
364.4
467.5
3637

79.2
311
269
6.1
0.934
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-41	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
M5
1995
0.0433
39.5
2787
3929
86.1%
2.2%
11.7%


97.1%
2.9%

69.0%
14.2%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1996
0.0441
39.9
2792
4004
86.6%
3.1%
10.4%


96.3%
3.3%
0.4%
69.2%
19.2%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1997
0.0441
39.6
2744
3926
86.4%
3.4%
10.2%


98.1%
1.6%
0.3%
69.4%
17.9%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1998
0.0448
39.9
2723
3982
83.8%
4.5%
11.7%


97.6%
1.2%
1.2%
70.7%
26.6%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
1999
0.0460
39.1
2610
3882
83.5%
4.7%
11.8%


98.1%
0.9%
1.0%
71.4%
26.6%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2000
0.0465
38.9
2598
3882
78.9%
4.3%
16.8%


97.9%
0.5%
1.6%
68.2%
33.3%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2001
0.0468
39.5
2628
3963
82.2%
4.6%
13.3%


98.4%

1.6%
73.5%
36.8%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2002
0.0472
39.7
2672
4077
78.7%
9.1%
12.2%


98.2%

1.8%
76.2%
34.9%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2003
0.0484
40.7
2697
4198
82.7%
5.9%
11.4%


97.1%

2.9%
82.8%
37.8%
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2004
0.0492
40.3
2729
4186
83.1%
6.7%
10.2%


97.9%

2.1%
86.8%
47.0%
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2005
0.0497
40.2
2737
4214
83.0%
7.5%
9.5%


98.4%

1.6%
90.3%
62.1%
0.9%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2006
0.0499
40.6
2663
4181
80.2%
6.4%
13.3%


96.8%

3.2%
90.8%
65.6%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
M5
2007
0.0509
40.6
2703
4162
79.3%
5.3%
15.4%

0.5%
99.5%


93.2%
63.3%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2008
0.0504
41.2
2754
4276
77.8%
9.6%
12.6%

0.4%
99.6%


96.2%
62.1%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2009
0.0488
41.8
2874
4418
84.2%
9.6%
6.2%

1.8%
98.2%


98.8%
78.1%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2010
0.0503
42.5
2937
4525
82.2%
6.7%
11.1%

0.6%
99.4%


97.3%
91.3%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2011
0.0496
42.8
3046
4669
81.9%
17.6%
0.5%


100.0%


96.5%
91.1%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2012
0.0477
43.9
3057
4567
88.7%
10.8%
0.5%

12.6%
87.4%


95.2%
95.2%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2013
0.0508
43.3
3034
4470
82.7%
16.9%
0.4%

12.8%
87.2%


96.7%
96.7%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2014
0.0484
43.3
3134
4590
81.8%
17.9%
0.3%

21.7%
78.3%


92.8%
92.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2015
0.0443
45.1
3195
4686
88.0%
11.4%
0.5%

16.1%
83.9%


92.8%
92.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2016
0.0448
47.5
3364
5108
86.1%
12.3%
1.6%

46.6%
53.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2017
0.0450
48.0
3497
5167
88.7%
11.2%
0.1%

57.3%
42.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M5
2018
0.0445
45.4
3325
4885
81.2%
18.8%


42.3%
57.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1975















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1976















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1977















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1978















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1979















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1980















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1981















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1982















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1983















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1984















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1985















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1986















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1987















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1988















Sedan/Wagon
M6
1989
0.0686
33.8
967
1692


100.0%


100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
M6
1990
0.0863
33.1
945
1655


100.0%


100.0%


37.2%


Sedan/Wagon
M6
1991
0.0831
33.3
982
1770


100.0%


100.0%


30.8%


Sedan/Wagon
M6
1992
0.0860
33.9
1008
1784


100.0%


100.0%


16.2%
9.1%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1993
0.0804
34.0
1416
2513
6.4%

93.6%


100.0%


19.2%
4.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1994
0.0765
35.0
1551
2810
12.1%

87.9%


100.0%


24.2%
4.5%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1995
0.0740
34.7
1522
2774
6.0%
1.5%
92.5%


100.0%


15.9%
20.2%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-42	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1996
27
0.003
21.9
14.9
23.6
18.4
593.2
372.2
483.2
3623

73.2
323
291
6.0
0.954
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1997
26
0.003
22.3
15.1
23.7
18.6
575.0
369.2
476.6
3675

79.4
309
320
5.7
1.090
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1998
23
0.003
23.4
15.8
24.5
19.5
552.3
359.2
456.6
3654

76.5
327
319
5.8
1.002
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1999
43
0.005
24.2
16.4
24.8
20.0
533.4
355.1
444.5
3537

72.6
294
300
6.1
1.075
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2000
78
0.009
24.6
16.7
24.5
20.2
519.5
357.7
440.4
3405

75.5
240
271
6.2
1.284
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2001
105
0.013
24.4
16.6
24.0
19.9
526.9
366.1
445.5
3512

73.5
210
274
6.2
1.450
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2002
148
0.018
26.1
17.6
25.4
21.2
492.5
346.0
418.9
3361

83.3
202
249
6.6
1.375
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2003
196
0.025
26.6
18.0
25.4
21.5
483.5
345.1
413.7
3355

82.4
188
251
6.6
1.409
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2004
234
0.031
25.8
17.3
24.8
20.8
505.5
353.2
426.3
3469

87.1
186
253
6.6
1.427
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2005
184
0.023
26.0
17.3
24.9
20.9
503.0
352.2
425.1
3438

83.8
186
262
6.5
1.548
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2006
235
0.029
26.6
17.6
25.5
21.4
495.5
344.2
415.6
3458

86.3
185
258
6.6
1.491
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2007
227
0.028
27.7
18.3
26.4
22.2
469.8
330.9
400.9
3476

89.9
177
248
6.9
1.484
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2008
196
0.027
27.4
18.1
26.2
22.0
472.8
332.3
404.2
3488
43.4
90.6
188
264
6.7
1.481
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2009
132
0.023
29.3
19.4
27.7
23.4
437.9
313.9
382.2
3452
43.3
92.3
180
251
6.9
1.469
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2010
178
0.029
28.8
19.0
27.6
23.1
452.8
317.8
388.2
3605
45.3
99.4
209
270
6.9
1.349
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2011
201
0.035
30.4
20.0
28.6
24.1
426.9
304.9
370.8
3560
44.7
97.8
187
256
7.1
1.409
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2012
271
0.037
32.6
21.5
30.5
25.9
398.7
285.8
346.4
3434
44.3
102.3
163
227
7.5
1.433
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2013
329
0.040
32.5
21.5
30.4
25.8
399.2
285.8
346.5
3402
44.5
100.9
160
234
7.3
1.513
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2014
247
0.032
32.3
21.2
30.3
25.6
403.4
288.2
349.8
3473
45.0
103.2
168
241
7.2
1.475
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2015
280
0.035
31.9
21.1
29.9
25.3
403.5
290.4
352.3
3444
44.9
104.5
165
245
7.1
1.538
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2016
239
0.034
31.3
20.7
29.2
24.8
407.3
294.7
357.8
3417
44.6
102.1
165
259
6.8
1.630
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2017
245
0.035
31.8
21.0
29.8
25.3
401.2
287.5
352.0
3407
44.6
103.0
156
257
6.8
1.723
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2018
-
0.042
33.1
22.0
30.9
26.3
384.4
279.3
337.7
3396
45.2
105.3
144
247
6.9
1.791
Sedan/Wagon
M7
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1980
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1996
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-43	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
M6
1996
0.0807
33.6
1369
2509

13.3%
86.7%


100.0%


3.7%
24.2%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1997
0.0875
34.9
1530
2841

10.6%
89.4%


100.0%


19.2%
33.9%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1998
0.0878
36.0
1517
2800

2.8%
97.2%


100.0%


14.2%
21.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
1999
0.0845
35.6
1462
2616
7.0%
3.7%
89.3%


100.0%


37.4%
29.5%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2000
0.0790
34.5
1560
2653
15.1%
10.2%
74.7%


100.0%


61.1%
47.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2001
0.0779
35.2
1467
2621
2.8%
34.7%
62.5%


100.0%


73.9%
33.5%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2002
0.0734
35.9
1810
3028
37.4%
11.4%
51.3%


100.0%


75.4%
53.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2003
0.0738
36.3
1817
3018
43.0%
5.9%
51.1%


100.0%


90.9%
65.8%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2004
0.0723
36.5
1854
3206
32.1%
14.8%
53.1%


100.0%


81.3%
57.3%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2005
0.0757
36.3
1797
3087
33.3%
12.7%
53.9%


100.0%


80.0%
60.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2006
0.0743
37.2
1887
3267
38.6%
12.1%
49.3%


100.0%


86.7%
78.7%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2007
0.0709
39.0
2060
3561
44.7%
17.2%
38.1%

5.4%
94.6%


90.8%
65.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2008
0.0748
38.9
2060
3564
47.2%
11.8%
41.0%

19.0%
81.0%


91.2%
77.6%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2009
0.0713
41.4
2277
3879
58.0%
7.5%
34.5%

26.5%
66.7%

6.8%
85.5%
77.5%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2010
0.0731
42.6
2402
4285
46.7%
8.4%
44.9%

24.2%
67.0%

8.8%
74.5%
67.3%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2011
0.0701
44.0
2466
4342
49.2%
10.6%
40.2%

27.0%
66.3%

6.8%
88.6%
80.6%
2.8%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2012
0.0641
45.3
2765
4667
65.9%
6.8%
27.3%

35.5%
57.3%

7.2%
92.6%
86.2%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2013
0.0669
44.8
2721
4566
61.3%
5.6%
33.1%

36.2%
58.7%

5.1%
92.3%
88.3%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2014
0.0675
45.3
2760
4709
61.7%
4.9%
33.4%

40.8%
53.5%

5.7%
92.9%
88.5%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2015
0.0690
44.6
2774
4686
56.7%
12.4%
30.8%

50.8%
44.7%

4.5%
92.1%
92.3%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2016
0.0731
43.2
2648
4447
49.5%
15.7%
34.8%

63.5%
36.5%


92.2%
99.7%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
M6
2017
0.0732
44.0
2736
4574
49.8%
19.4%
30.8%

68.3%
31.5%

0.1%
94.6%
98.7%

Sedan/Wagon
M6
2018
0.0706
45.6
2912
4851
63.6%
9.1%
27.2%

75.7%
23.6%

0.7%
94.7%
98.2%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
1975















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1976















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1977















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1978















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1979















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1980















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1981















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1982















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1983















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1984















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1985















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1986















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1987















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1988















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1989















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1990















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1991















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1992















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1993















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1994















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1995















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1996















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-44	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
M7
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2009
0
0.000
19.0
12.6
18.9
15.6
705.0
470.5
571.3
4000
46.5
50.0
262
450
4.6
1.718
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2012
1
0.000
28.5
18.8
26.8
22.7
472.8
331.3
392.2
3500
40.2
74.2
220
375
4.9
1.706
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2013
2
0.000
28.4
18.8
26.6
22.6
471.9
334.2
393.5
3500
40.5
74.2
221
379
4.9
1.709
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2014
13
0.002
27.3
17.4
28.0
22.2
510.5
317.3
400.6
3501
45.5
52.7
361
442
4.3
1.247
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2015
11
0.001
25.3
16.4
25.3
20.5
537.5
346.7
432.7
3700
46.1
52.6
362
513
4.1
1.433
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2016
9
0.001
25.2
16.4
25.2
20.4
539.8
348.5
434.8
3708
45.9
52.3
364
518
4.0
1.438
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2017
8
0.001
25.9
16.7
26.3
21.1
525.8
332.7
421.0
3658
45.3
54.2
345
487
4.1
1.480
Sedan/Wagon
M7
2018
-
0.001
26.3
17.2
25.6
21.2
510.0
344.4
419.6
3640
43.7
61.2
288
454
4.3
1.723
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1979
50
0.005
36.9
29.4
34.0
31.3
301.6
260.9
283.6
2122

87.3
91
73
15.6
0.801
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1980
60
0.006
36.6
29.4
33.5
31.1
301.6
265.3
285.6
2164

87.3
94
77
15.6
0.816
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1981
51
0.006
34.9
27.9
32.0
29.6
317.9
277.6
299.9
2250

87.8
96
78
15.6
0.816
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1982
37
0.005
36.6
29.3
33.5
31.1
302.3
264.7
285.9
2200

87.8
91
67
18.1
0.740
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1983
36
0.005
35.4
28.3
32.7
30.1
310.4
270.3
295.0
2278

89.2
94
70
16.6
0.748
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1984
3
0.000
33.1
26.4
30.6
28.2
334.3
289.1
315.6
2545

93.5
117
88
14.7
0.758
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1985
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1997
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-45	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
M7
1997















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1998















Sedan/Wagon
M7
1999















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2000















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2001















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2002















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2003















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2004















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2005















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2006















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2007















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2008















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2009
0.1125
31.1
778
1556


100.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2010















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2011















Sedan/Wagon
M7
2012
0.1071
39.7
1682
2944


100.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2013
0.1082
39.5
1676
2933

18.4%
81.6%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2014
0.1264
38.8
1171
2049

2.7%
97.3%

100.0%



11.1%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2015
0.1379
38.1
1094
2010

3.9%
96.1%

100.0%



10.8%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2016
0.1389
38.0
1083
1993

2.9%
97.1%

100.0%



9.6%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2017
0.1325
38.9
1167
2122

5.8%
94.2%

98.7%
1.3%


18.3%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
M7
2018
0.1243
38.8
1331
2413

14.8%
85.2%

100.0%



46.1%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
OT
1975















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1976















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1977















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1978















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1979
0.0345
33.3
2738
2903
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
OT
1980
0.0354
33.7
2719
2939
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
OT
1981
0.0349
33.4
2603
2928
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
OT
1982
0.0307
34.2
2734
3003
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
OT
1983
0.0309
34.4
2706
3067
100.0%


100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
OT
1984
0.0348
35.8
2643
3352
100.0%


89.1%

10.9%





Sedan/Wagon
OT
1985















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1986















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1987















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1988















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1989















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1990















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1991















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1992















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1993















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1994















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1995















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1996















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1997















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-46	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2011
14
0.002
119.1
89.6
74.0
80.0
0.0
0.0
48.0
3627
44.2
108.1
85
121
9.7
1.753
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2012
51
0.007
94.2
70.0
62.6
65.6
0.0
0.0
105.9
3817
45.6
110.9
96
157
8.9
1.518
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2013
105
0.013
103.5
92.8
73.6
80.8
0.0
0.0
69.4
3870
46.1
112.9
102
175
8.6
1.582
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2014
105
0.014
100.5
77.2
61.0
67.0
0.0
0.0
92.8
3844
45.7
109.3
97
185
8.1
1.920
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2015
123
0.016
115.5
88.4
71.3
77.8
0.0
0.0
57.2
3839
45.6
109.7
98
195
8.0
2.181
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2016
104
0.015
123.5
95.4
81.8
87.1
0.0
0.0
49.5
4045
46.7
111.0
105
191
7.4
1.251
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2017
201
0.029
139.6
120.0
75.2
89.6
0.0
0.0
62.5
3955
45.7
111.4
103
153
7.6
1.114
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2018
-
0.057
136.1
86.1
74.0
78.7
0.0
0.0
27.8
4013
47.4
112.7
97
220
6.2
1.176
Car SUV
A1
1975
















Car SUV
A1
1976
















Car SUV
A1
1977
















Car SUV
A1
1978
















Car SUV
A1
1979
















Car SUV
A1
1980
















Car SUV
A1
1981
















Car SUV
A1
1982
















Car SUV
A1
1983
















Car SUV
A1
1984
















Car SUV
A1
1985
















Car SUV
A1
1986
















Car SUV
A1
1987
















Car SUV
A1
1988
















Car SUV
A1
1989
















Car SUV
A1
1990
















Car SUV
A1
1991
















Car SUV
A1
1992
















Car SUV
A1
1993
















Car SUV
A1
1994
















Car SUV
A1
1995
















Car SUV
A1
1996
















Car SUV
A1
1997
















Car SUV
A1
1998
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-47	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
OT
1998















Sedan/Wagon
OT
1999















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2000















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2001















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2002















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2003















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2004















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2005















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2006















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2007















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2008















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2009















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2010















Sedan/Wagon
OT
2011
0.0328
151.9
9195
16576
91.5%

8.5%


31.1%


31.1%
31.1%

Sedan/Wagon
OT
2012
0.0397
133.0
7867
14782
86.7%
5.7%
7.6%


67.7%


67.7%
67.7%
67.7%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2013
0.0440
173.4
10126
19585
82.1%
17.0%
0.8%


52.8%


52.8%
52.8%
52.8%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2014
0.0470
141.9
8115
15597
70.6%
2.9%
26.5%

1.5%
57.3%


58.7%
53.1%
58.7%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2015
0.0484
167.9
9692
18675
68.6%
18.0%
13.3%

2.7%
32.9%


35.6%
30.2%
35.6%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2016
0.0447
188.2
10376
21157
64.7%
20.8%
14.5%

16.2%
24.1%


40.3%
36.7%
40.3%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2017
0.0375
189.0
10616
21207
77.1%
10.3%
12.5%

25.2%
32.5%


57.8%
54.3%
57.8%
Sedan/Wagon
OT
2018
0.0537
169.1
9508
19087
40.2%
15.8%
44.1%

13.2%
14.8%


27.9%
25.4%
27.9%
Car SUV
A1
1975















Car SUV
A1
1976















Car SUV
A1
1977















Car SUV
A1
1978















Car SUV
A1
1979















Car SUV
A1
1980















Car SUV
A1
1981















Car SUV
A1
1982















Car SUV
A1
1983















Car SUV
A1
1984















Car SUV
A1
1985















Car SUV
A1
1986















Car SUV
A1
1987















Car SUV
A1
1988















Car SUV
A1
1989















Car SUV
A1
1990















Car SUV
A1
1991















Car SUV
A1
1992















Car SUV
A1
1993















Car SUV
A1
1994















Car SUV
A1
1995















Car SUV
A1
1996















Car SUV
A1
1997















Car SUV
A1
1998















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-48	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
A1
1999
















Car SUV
A1
2000
















Car SUV
A1
2001
















Car SUV
A1
2002
















Car SUV
A1
2003
















Car SUV
A1
2004
















Car SUV
A1
2005
















Car SUV
A1
2006
















Car SUV
A1
2007
















Car SUV
A1
2008
















Car SUV
A1
2009
















Car SUV
A1
2010
















Car SUV
A1
2011
















Car SUV
A1
2012
















Car SUV
A1
2013
















Car SUV
A1
2014
















Car SUV
A1
2015
0
0.000
71.1
49.3
50.7
50.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
45.2


134
12.5

Car SUV
A1
2016
0
0.000
71.1
49.3
50.7
50.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
45.2


134
12.0

Car SUV
A1
2017
0
0.000
71.1
48.6
51.3
50.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
45.2


134
12.5

Car SUV
A1
2018
















Car SUV
A3
1975
















Car SUV
A3
1976
















Car SUV
A3
1977
















Car SUV
A3
1978
3
0.158
17.0
13.5
15.7
14.4
654.0
563.8
616.3
4000


281
131
14.2
0.465
Car SUV
A3
1979
9
0.583
20.8
17.5
17.7
17.6
509.0
501.9
505.8
2750


121
80
17.8
0.661
Car SUV
A3
1980
0
0.094
14.3
11.6
12.9
12.1
765.5
690.5
731.7
4000


304
122
15.8
0.401
Car SUV
A3
1981
















Car SUV
A3
1982
11
0.865
23.6
20.7
19.1
19.9
429.1
466.0
445.8
2500


151
84
17.5
0.556
Car SUV
A3
1983
13
0.376
23.2
20.4
18.7
19.6
436.0
476.0
454.2
2500


151
87
15.6
0.580
Car SUV
A3
1984
9
0.158
18.4
15.8
15.3
15.6
550.5
570.8
571.2
3472


220
105
15.8
0.500
Car SUV
A3
1985
















Car SUV
A3
1986
















Car SUV
A3
1987
















Car SUV
A3
1988
















Car SUV
A3
1989
















Car SUV
A3
1990
















Car SUV
A3
1991
















Car SUV
A3
1992
















Car SUV
A3
1993
















Car SUV
A3
1994
25
0.076
22.1
17.3
18.9
18.0
515.2
470.9
492.4
3500


134
118
12.4
0.881
Car SUV
A3
1995
















Car SUV
A3
1996
















Car SUV
A3
1997
















Car SUV
A3
1998
















Car SUV
A3
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-49	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
A1
1999















Car SUV
A1
2000















Car SUV
A1
2001















Car SUV
A1
2002















Car SUV
A1
2003















Car SUV
A1
2004















Car SUV
A1
2005















Car SUV
A1
2006















Car SUV
A1
2007















Car SUV
A1
2008















Car SUV
A1
2009















Car SUV
A1
2010















Car SUV
A1
2011















Car SUV
A1
2012















Car SUV
A1
2013















Car SUV
A1
2014















Car SUV
A1
2015
0.0298
112.7


100.0%










Car SUV
A1
2016
0.0298
112.7


100.0%










Car SUV
A1
2017
0.0298
112.7


100.0%










Car SUV
A1
2018















Car SUV
A3
1975















Car SUV
A3
1976















Car SUV
A3
1977















Car SUV
A3
1978
0.0327
29.0




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1979
0.0291
24.2




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1980
0.0305
24.3




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1981















Car SUV
A3
1982
0.0336
24.9




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1983
0.0350
24.5




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1984
0.0312
26.7




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
A3
1985















Car SUV
A3
1986















Car SUV
A3
1987















Car SUV
A3
1988















Car SUV
A3
1989















Car SUV
A3
1990















Car SUV
A3
1991















Car SUV
A3
1992















Car SUV
A3
1993















Car SUV
A3
1994
0.0337
31.6




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
A3
1995















Car SUV
A3
1996















Car SUV
A3
1997















Car SUV
A3
1998















Car SUV
A3
1999















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-50	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
A3
2000
















Car SUV
A3
2001
















Car SUV
A3
2002
















Car SUV
A3
2003
















Car SUV
A3
2004
















Car SUV
A3
2005
















Car SUV
A3
2006
















Car SUV
A3
2007
















Car SUV
A3
2008
















Car SUV
A3
2009
















Car SUV
A3
2010
















Car SUV
A3
2011
















Car SUV
A3
2012
















Car SUV
A3
2013
















Car SUV
A3
2014
















Car SUV
A3
2015
















Car SUV
A3
2016
















Car SUV
A3
2017
















Car SUV
A3
2018
















Car SUV
A4
1975
















Car SUV
A4
1976
















Car SUV
A4
1977
















Car SUV
A4
1978
















Car SUV
A4
1979
















Car SUV
A4
1980
















Car SUV
A4
1981
















Car SUV
A4
1982
















Car SUV
A4
1983
















Car SUV
A4
1984
















Car SUV
A4
1985
















Car SUV
A4
1986
















Car SUV
A4
1987
















Car SUV
A4
1988
















Car SUV
A4
1989
















Car SUV
A4
1990
l
0.018
22.9
18.5
19.6
19.0
481.3
453.2
467.5
4000


144
116
14.2
0.806
Car SUV
A4
1991
0
0.001
22.9
18.2
19.7
18.9
487.9
450.4
469.3
4000


144
112
14.7
0.778
Car SUV
A4
1992
















Car SUV
A4
1993
















Car SUV
A4
1994
















Car SUV
A4
1995
















Car SUV
A4
1996
















Car SUV
A4
1997
22
0.061
25.9
19.4
22.6
21.0
458.5
392.7
423.8
3000


149
142
10.3
0.953
Car SUV
A4
1998
















Car SUV
A4
1999
















Car SUV
A4
2000
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-51	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
A3
2000















Car SUV
A3
2001















Car SUV
A3
2002















Car SUV
A3
2003















Car SUV
A3
2004















Car SUV
A3
2005















Car SUV
A3
2006















Car SUV
A3
2007















Car SUV
A3
2008















Car SUV
A3
2009















Car SUV
A3
2010















Car SUV
A3
2011















Car SUV
A3
2012















Car SUV
A3
2013















Car SUV
A3
2014















Car SUV
A3
2015















Car SUV
A3
2016















Car SUV
A3
2017















Car SUV
A3
2018















Car SUV
A4
1975















Car SUV
A4
1976















Car SUV
A4
1977















Car SUV
A4
1978















Car SUV
A4
1979















Car SUV
A4
1980















Car SUV
A4
1981















Car SUV
A4
1982















Car SUV
A4
1983















Car SUV
A4
1984















Car SUV
A4
1985















Car SUV
A4
1986















Car SUV
A4
1987















Car SUV
A4
1988















Car SUV
A4
1989















Car SUV
A4
1990
0.0290
38.0




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
A4
1991
0.0280
37.9




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
A4
1992















Car SUV
A4
1993















Car SUV
A4
1994















Car SUV
A4
1995















Car SUV
A4
1996















Car SUV
A4
1997
0.0473
31.5




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
A4
1998















Car SUV
A4
1999















Car SUV
A4
2000















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-52	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
A4
2001
















Car SUV
A4
2002
















Car SUV
A4
2003
















Car SUV
A4
2004
















Car SUV
A4
2005
















Car SUV
A4
2006
















Car SUV
A4
2007
















Car SUV
A4
2008
















Car SUV
A4
2009
















Car SUV
A4
2010
















Car SUV
A4
2011
















Car SUV
A4
2012
















Car SUV
A4
2013
















Car SUV
A4
2014
















Car SUV
A4
2015
















Car SUV
A4
2016
















Car SUV
A4
2017
















Car SUV
A4
2018
















Car SUV
A7
1975
















Car SUV
A7
1976
















Car SUV
A7
1977
















Car SUV
A7
1978
















Car SUV
A7
1979
















Car SUV
A7
1980
















Car SUV
A7
1981
















Car SUV
A7
1982
















Car SUV
A7
1983
















Car SUV
A7
1984
















Car SUV
A7
1985
















Car SUV
A7
1986
















Car SUV
A7
1987
















Car SUV
A7
1988
















Car SUV
A7
1989
















Car SUV
A7
1990
















Car SUV
A7
1991
















Car SUV
A7
1992
















Car SUV
A7
1993
















Car SUV
A7
1994
















Car SUV
A7
1995
















Car SUV
A7
1996
















Car SUV
A7
1997
















Car SUV
A7
1998
















Car SUV
A7
1999
















Car SUV
A7
2000
















Car SUV
A7
2001
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-53	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
A4
2001















Car SUV
A4
2002















Car SUV
A4
2003















Car SUV
A4
2004















Car SUV
A4
2005















Car SUV
A4
2006















Car SUV
A4
2007















Car SUV
A4
2008















Car SUV
A4
2009















Car SUV
A4
2010















Car SUV
A4
2011















Car SUV
A4
2012















Car SUV
A4
2013















Car SUV
A4
2014















Car SUV
A4
2015















Car SUV
A4
2016















Car SUV
A4
2017















Car SUV
A4
2018















Car SUV
A7
1975















Car SUV
A7
1976















Car SUV
A7
1977















Car SUV
A7
1978















Car SUV
A7
1979















Car SUV
A7
1980















Car SUV
A7
1981















Car SUV
A7
1982















Car SUV
A7
1983















Car SUV
A7
1984















Car SUV
A7
1985















Car SUV
A7
1986















Car SUV
A7
1987















Car SUV
A7
1988















Car SUV
A7
1989















Car SUV
A7
1990















Car SUV
A7
1991















Car SUV
A7
1992















Car SUV
A7
1993















Car SUV
A7
1994















Car SUV
A7
1995















Car SUV
A7
1996















Car SUV
A7
1997















Car SUV
A7
1998















Car SUV
A7
1999















Car SUV
A7
2000















Car SUV
A7
2001















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-54	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
A7
2002
















Car SUV
A7
2003
















Car SUV
A7
2004
















Car SUV
A7
2005
















Car SUV
A7
2006
















Car SUV
A7
2007
















Car SUV
A7
2008
















Car SUV
A7
2009
















Car SUV
A7
2010
















Car SUV
A7
2011
















Car SUV
A7
2012
















Car SUV
A7
2013
















Car SUV
A7
2014
















Car SUV
A7
2015
















Car SUV
A7
2016
55
0.030
35.4
24.5
29.0
26.9
362.6
305.4
330.5
3920
46.4

98
175
9.2
1.792
Car SUV
A7
2017
61
0.031
35.2
24.5
29.3
27.0
362.3
302.3
328.6
3931
46.3

98
175
9.2
1.792
Car SUV
A7
2018
-
0.018
34.9
24.3
28.6
26.6
365.8
310.1
334.4
4000
46.4

98
175
9.3
1.792
Car SUV
CVT
1975
















Car SUV
CVT
1976
















Car SUV
CVT
1977
















Car SUV
CVT
1978
















Car SUV
CVT
1979
















Car SUV
CVT
1980
















Car SUV
CVT
1981
















Car SUV
CVT
1982
















Car SUV
CVT
1983
















Car SUV
CVT
1984
















Car SUV
CVT
1985
















Car SUV
CVT
1986
















Car SUV
CVT
1987
















Car SUV
CVT
1988
















Car SUV
CVT
1989
















Car SUV
CVT
1990
















Car SUV
CVT
1991
















Car SUV
CVT
1992
















Car SUV
CVT
1993
















Car SUV
CVT
1994
















Car SUV
CVT
1995
















Car SUV
CVT
1996
















Car SUV
CVT
1997
















Car SUV
CVT
1998
















Car SUV
CVT
1999
















Car SUV
CVT
2000
















Car SUV
CVT
2001
















Car SUV
CVT
2002
1
0.001
28.1
19.4
25.8
22.5
457.0
343.8
394.4
3500


134
140
10.5
1.045
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-55	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
A7
2002















Car SUV
A7
2003















Car SUV
A7
2004















Car SUV
A7
2005















Car SUV
A7
2006















Car SUV
A7
2007















Car SUV
A7
2008















Car SUV
A7
2009















Car SUV
A7
2010















Car SUV
A7
2011















Car SUV
A7
2012















Car SUV
A7
2013















Car SUV
A7
2014















Car SUV
A7
2015















Car SUV
A7
2016
0.0448
52.7


52.7%
47.3%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
A7
2017
0.0446
53.2


46.9%
53.1%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
A7
2018
0.0438
53.2


49.7%
50.3%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
CVT
1975















Car SUV
CVT
1976















Car SUV
CVT
1977















Car SUV
CVT
1978















Car SUV
CVT
1979















Car SUV
CVT
1980















Car SUV
CVT
1981















Car SUV
CVT
1982















Car SUV
CVT
1983















Car SUV
CVT
1984















Car SUV
CVT
1985















Car SUV
CVT
1986















Car SUV
CVT
1987















Car SUV
CVT
1988















Car SUV
CVT
1989















Car SUV
CVT
1990















Car SUV
CVT
1991















Car SUV
CVT
1992















Car SUV
CVT
1993















Car SUV
CVT
1994















Car SUV
CVT
1995















Car SUV
CVT
1996















Car SUV
CVT
1997















Car SUV
CVT
1998















Car SUV
CVT
1999















Car SUV
CVT
2000















Car SUV
CVT
2001















Car SUV
CVT
2002
0.0400
39.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-56	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
CVT
2003
49
0.085
27.2
18.8
24.6
21.7
471.7
361.0
410.4
3741


172
191
9.0
1.096
Car SUV
CVT
2004
40
0.063
26.6
18.3
24.2
21.2
485.3
366.8
419.3
3852


190
214
8.4
1.115
Car SUV
CVT
2005
36
0.045
26.9
18.7
23.5
21.2
462.4
376.0
419.7
4000


205
232
8.0
1.124
Car SUV
CVT
2006
39
0.052
27.8
19.4
24.1
21.8
438.1
367.0
407.5
4000


199
222
8.1
1.107
Car SUV
CVT
2007
36
0.039
27.8
19.3
24.2
21.8
437.3
365.5
407.8
4000


199
223
8.1
1.106
Car SUV
CVT
2008
53
0.057
35.2
25.3
27.8
26.7
335.0
318.8
332.9
3705
44.2

147
156
9.5
1.061
Car SUV
CVT
2009
82
0.135
30.1
21.0
25.7
23.5
402.9
342.5
378.9
3811
46.5

181
209
8.3
1.145
Car SUV
CVT
2010
76
0.083
31.2
21.9
26.1
24.1
390.7
337.8
368.3
3823
46.0

174
204
8.4
1.163
Car SUV
CVT
2011
96
0.080
32.1
22.2
27.0
24.7
392.7
327.3
360.0
3663
45.5

162
186
8.9
1.145
Car SUV
CVT
2012
141
0.112
31.7
22.0
26.7
24.4
399.1
331.5
363.5
3611
44.9

155
185
8.9
1.192
Car SUV
CVT
2013
148
0.098
32.4
22.4
27.3
24.9
393.5
324.7
356.3
3600
44.9

154
179
9.0
1.160
Car SUV
CVT
2014
145
0.093
33.0
22.6
28.1
25.4
388.0
313.2
349.5
3589
45.5

152
179
9.1
1.181
Car SUV
CVT
2015
342
0.201
36.6
24.9
30.7
27.9
355.3
287.9
318.9
3535
44.8

145
173
9.1
1.198
Car SUV
CVT
2016
502
0.268
37.2
25.3
31.1
28.3
349.3
283.6
313.9
3466
44.5

135
171
9.3
1.264
Car SUV
CVT
2017
322
0.164
38.3
25.9
32.5
29.3
341.7
272.1
303.7
3502
45.8

131
174
9.0
1.406
Car SUV
CVT
2018
-
0.178
39.3
26.3
33.1
29.8
336.3
268.1
298.2
3552
46.1

132
176
9.0
1.416
Car SUV
L3
1975
















Car SUV
L3
1976
















Car SUV
L3
1977
















Car SUV
L3
1978
















Car SUV
L3
1979
1
0.039
16.4
13.4
14.6
13.9
665.2
607.9
639.7
4000


289
131
15.1
0.454
Car SUV
L3
1980
0
0.868
17.6
14.3
15.9
15.0
617.0
559.3
593.4
4000


279
123
16.1
0.442
Car SUV
L3
1981
0
1.000
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
647.9
553.4
605.4
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
Car SUV
L3
1982
1
0.089
20.2
15.9
19.1
17.2
552.6
456.1
516.4
3698


224
113
17.2
0.518
Car SUV
L3
1983
0
0.001
25.7
19.6
25.6
21.9
453.0
347.4
405.4
3500


119
82
20.0
0.689
Car SUV
L3
1984
















Car SUV
L3
1985
3
0.037
22.5
18.1
20.4
19.1
485.1
432.5
465.6
3000


161
107
14.6
0.670
Car SUV
L3
1986
9
0.144
21.8
17.4
19.8
18.4
507.0
447.0
482.6
3447


167
116
14.4
0.695
Car SUV
L3
1987
0
0.000
21.5
16.8
19.9
18.1
528.0
446.6
490.3
3500


173
125
13.9
0.723
Car SUV
L3
1988
















Car SUV
L3
1989
















Car SUV
L3
1990
















Car SUV
L3
1991
31
0.138
20.8
17.0
17.1
17.1
521.3
518.3
519.4
3500


151
92
16.0
0.609
Car SUV
L3
1992
24
0.100
20.5
16.8
16.7
16.8
519.3
520.0
529.7
3306


141
100
14.4
0.717
Car SUV
L3
1993
28
0.059
20.7
16.9
16.8
16.9
516.9
515.1
527.1
3277


139
99
13.5
0.724
Car SUV
L3
1994
12
0.036
27.7
21.8
23.2
22.5
407.1
383.6
394.9
2503


97
81
13.6
0.835
Car SUV
L3
1995
8
0.037
28.8
22.5
24.0
23.2
395.8
370.5
382.5
2507


97
80
14.0
0.829
Car SUV
L3
1996
7
0.024
27.4
21.2
22.9
22.1
418.6
388.5
402.7
2715


97
95
13.6
0.979
Car SUV
L3
1997
3
0.008
27.9
21.3
23.3
22.4
416.9
380.8
397.6
2500


97
95
13.0
0.979
Car SUV
L3
1998
3
0.007
27.7
21.0
23.1
22.1
422.5
384.1
402.5
2543


99
96
13.3
0.973
Car SUV
L3
1999
1
0.002
22.5
16.2
20.5
18.3
547.5
433.9
486.6
3500


150
125
13.0
0.833
Car SUV
L3
2000
0
0.001
23.7
16.9
21.8
19.2
527.4
408.4
462.9
3500


150
125
12.4
0.833
Car SUV
L3
2001
















Car SUV
L3
2002
















Car SUV
L3
2003
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-57	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
CVT
2003
0.0502
40.5


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
48.2%

Car SUV
CVT
2004
0.0550
40.8


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
70.4%

Car SUV
CVT
2005
0.0581
42.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
88.4%
11.6%
Car SUV
CVT
2006
0.0555
44.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
79.2%
20.8%
Car SUV
CVT
2007
0.0557
44.5


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
80.2%
19.8%
Car SUV
CVT
2008
0.0426
50.5


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
63.9%
36.8%
Car SUV
CVT
2009
0.0545
45.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
98.4%
15.4%
Car SUV
CVT
2010
0.0531
47.0


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
16.3%
Car SUV
CVT
2011
0.0506
45.6


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.2%
Car SUV
CVT
2012
0.0510
44.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.6%
Car SUV
CVT
2013
0.0495
45.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.3%
Car SUV
CVT
2014
0.0496
46.0


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.8%
Car SUV
CVT
2015
0.0488
49.6


100.0%
0.0%


34.2%
65.8%


100.0%
100.0%
1.5%
Car SUV
CVT
2016
0.0492
49.3


86.5%
13.5%


27.4%
72.6%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
Car SUV
CVT
2017
0.0497
51.5


100.0%



35.1%
64.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
Car SUV
CVT
2018
0.0496
53.1


100.0%



44.2%
55.8%


100.0%
100.0%
2.5%
Car SUV
L3
1975















Car SUV
L3
1976















Car SUV
L3
1977















Car SUV
L3
1978















Car SUV
L3
1979
0.0328
27.8




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1980
0.0308
30.1




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1981
0.0350
29.4




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1982
0.0311
31.8




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1983
0.0234
38.4




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1984















Car SUV
L3
1985
0.0358
28.9




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L3
1986
0.0336
31.9




100.0%
74.1%


25.9%




Car SUV
L3
1987
0.0357
31.7




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
L3
1988















Car SUV
L3
1989















Car SUV
L3
1990















Car SUV
L3
1991
0.0263
29.9




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
L3
1992
0.0304
27.8




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
L3
1993
0.0304
27.7




100.0%


1.8%
98.2%




Car SUV
L3
1994
0.0324
28.2




100.0%


11.6%
88.4%

6.8%


Car SUV
L3
1995
0.0321
29.1




100.0%


2.8%
97.2%




Car SUV
L3
1996
0.0350
30.0




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
L3
1997
0.0380
27.9




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Car SUV
L3
1998
0.0379
28.0




100.0%


100.0%


95.7%


Car SUV
L3
1999
0.0357
32.0




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L3
2000
0.0357
33.6




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L3
2001















Car SUV
L3
2002















Car SUV
L3
2003















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-58	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L3
2004
















Car SUV
L3
2005
















Car SUV
L3
2006
















Car SUV
L3
2007
















Car SUV
L3
2008
















Car SUV
L3
2009
















Car SUV
L3
2010
















Car SUV
L3
2011
















Car SUV
L3
2012
















Car SUV
L3
2013
















Car SUV
L3
2014
















Car SUV
L3
2015
















Car SUV
L3
2016
















Car SUV
L3
2017
















Car SUV
L3
2018
















Car SUV
L4
1975
















Car SUV
L4
1976
















Car SUV
L4
1977
















Car SUV
L4
1978
















Car SUV
L4
1979
















Car SUV
L4
1980
















Car SUV
L4
1981
















Car SUV
L4
1982
















Car SUV
L4
1983
14
0.431
25.2
19.1
25.5
21.5
464.3
348.0
413.1
3500


172
110
15.5
0.637
Car SUV
L4
1984
36
0.648
23.6
17.8
24.2
20.2
498.2
368.0
439.6
3500


173
110
15.4
0.636
Car SUV
L4
1985
71
0.804
23.6
17.6
24.5
20.2
504.5
362.6
440.9
3500


172
109
15.2
0.635
Car SUV
L4
1986
40
0.675
22.0
16.7
21.7
18.7
530.0
409.0
475.3
3500


172
124
13.4
0.718
Car SUV
L4
1987
81
0.857
22.6
16.9
22.9
19.2
525.2
386.4
462.0
3499


179
131
13.1
0.732
Car SUV
L4
1988
82
0.754
22.3
16.6
22.2
18.9
533.2
398.4
471.2
3499


205
143
12.5
0.707
Car SUV
L4
1989
78
0.726
22.3
16.8
21.7
18.8
528.7
408.5
472.4
3499


245
153
11.3
0.634
Car SUV
L4
1990
41
0.630
21.8
16.3
21.2
18.3
543.9
418.6
484.7
3559


230
155
10.7
0.691
Car SUV
L4
1991
143
0.639
21.4
15.8
20.9
17.9
561.0
424.1
495.9
3863


240
161
11.0
0.674
Car SUV
L4
1992
159
0.654
20.8
15.3
20.1
17.4
578.1
439.7
511.6
3878


234
170
10.5
0.726
Car SUV
L4
1993
393
0.832
20.0
14.6
19.6
16.7
605.6
451.7
531.8
3940


254
190
9.1
0.755
Car SUV
L4
1994
223
0.673
21.0
15.3
20.3
17.5
577.9
437.6
508.2
3904


235
181
9.3
0.775
Car SUV
L4
1995
174
0.789
20.6
14.9
19.9
17.1
593.3
444.3
519.2
3906


234
180
9.7
0.776
Car SUV
L4
1996
236
0.822
21.8
15.7
20.8
18.0
559.8
423.7
494.8
3805


230
175
10.1
0.783
Car SUV
L4
1997
234
0.650
22.6
16.3
21.1
18.5
531.9
414.8
480.0
3685


205
171
10.3
0.864
Car SUV
L4
1998
252
0.554
22.5
16.1
21.0
18.4
543.0
418.4
483.6
3796


215
180
10.3
0.869
Car SUV
L4
1999
304
0.622
23.0
16.5
21.2
18.7
530.9
416.3
475.4
3790


201
178
10.4
0.927
Car SUV
L4
2000
440
0.713
22.3
15.9
20.4
18.1
551.7
431.9
492.3
3841


205
179
9.9
0.913
Car SUV
L4
2001
582
0.783
23.7
16.7
21.8
19.1
524.2
404.1
464.4
3738


187
176
9.8
0.978
Car SUV
L4
2002
528
0.876
24.0
16.8
22.1
19.4
522.1
395.4
459.2
3744


183
180
9.8
1.010
Car SUV
L4
2003
434
0.756
24.6
17.1
22.6
19.8
514.1
389.0
449.6
3714


182
180
9.6
1.012
Car SUV
L4
2004
413
0.647
25.0
17.1
23.2
20.1
514.4
379.9
443.2
3773


187
184
9.6
0.999
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-59	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L3
2004















Car SUV
L3
2005















Car SUV
L3
2006















Car SUV
L3
2007















Car SUV
L3
2008















Car SUV
L3
2009















Car SUV
L3
2010















Car SUV
L3
2011















Car SUV
L3
2012















Car SUV
L3
2013















Car SUV
L3
2014















Car SUV
L3
2015















Car SUV
L3
2016















Car SUV
L3
2017















Car SUV
L3
2018















Car SUV
L4
1975















Car SUV
L4
1976















Car SUV
L4
1977















Car SUV
L4
1978















Car SUV
L4
1979















Car SUV
L4
1980















Car SUV
L4
1981















Car SUV
L4
1982















Car SUV
L4
1983
0.0313
37.8




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L4
1984
0.0314
35.4




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
L4
1985
0.0313
35.3




100.0%
96.7%


3.3%




Car SUV
L4
1986
0.0353
32.8




100.0%


0.0%
100.0%




Car SUV
L4
1987
0.0375
33.7




100.0%


32.2%
67.8%




Car SUV
L4
1988
0.0410
33.1




100.0%


39.0%
61.0%




Car SUV
L4
1989
0.0436
33.0




100.0%


33.6%
66.4%




Car SUV
L4
1990
0.0438
32.7




100.0%


59.8%
40.2%




Car SUV
L4
1991
0.0417
34.7




100.0%


58.5%
41.5%




Car SUV
L4
1992
0.0440
33.8




100.0%


82.6%
17.4%




Car SUV
L4
1993
0.0484
33.1




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L4
1994
0.0466
34.2


1.8%

98.2%


100.0%


11.2%


Car SUV
L4
1995
0.0463
33.6




100.0%


100.0%


23.5%


Car SUV
L4
1996
0.0462
34.3


5.8%

94.2%


100.0%


26.6%


Car SUV
L4
1997
0.0459
34.2


22.4%

77.6%


100.0%


44.9%


Car SUV
L4
1998
0.0472
35.0


16.2%

83.8%


100.0%


38.4%


Car SUV
L4
1999
0.0468
35.5


23.3%

76.7%


100.0%


53.5%
7.3%

Car SUV
L4
2000
0.0466
34.8


17.3%

82.7%


100.0%


43.4%
7.0%

Car SUV
L4
2001
0.0472
35.9


44.4%

55.6%


100.0%


50.3%
12.1%

Car SUV
L4
2002
0.0482
36.5


58.6%

41.4%


100.0%


72.8%
20.1%

Car SUV
L4
2003
0.0486
36.8


62.8%

37.2%


100.0%


64.1%
19.1%

Car SUV
L4
2004
0.0489
38.0


69.9%

30.1%


100.0%


62.9%
20.4%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-60	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L4
2005
403
0.496
25.9
17.8
23.3
20.6
495.5
379.2
432.2
3676


172
179
9.6
1.054
Car SUV
L4
2006
373
0.496
26.3
18.0
23.7
20.8
489.9
372.6
426.3
3727


168
177
9.8
1.066
Car SUV
L4
2007
305
0.331
27.2
18.6
24.4
21.5
473.0
362.0
412.9
3689


162
170
10.2
1.061
Car SUV
L4
2008
340
0.368
28.0
19.1
25.1
22.1
464.0
352.9
402.3
3645
44.7

154
171
10.1
1.117
Car SUV
L4
2009
139
0.229
28.9
19.7
25.8
22.8
447.9
342.4
390.1
3772
46.2

147
170
10.1
1.160
Car SUV
L4
2010
86
0.094
30.3
20.5
27.1
23.8
430.3
326.9
373.2
3629
45.8

151
177
9.7
1.174
Car SUV
L4
2011
123
0.102
31.9
21.3
28.5
24.9
415.9
310.6
356.6
3511
43.5

145
167
10.0
1.150
Car SUV
L4
2012
83
0.066
28.2
19.1
25.4
22.3
456.3
345.5
399.1
3688
45.0

174
188
9.4
1.105
Car SUV
L4
2013
9
0.006
27.8
18.7
25.4
22.0
474.6
350.0
403.6
3908
48.2

146
171
10.4
1.168
Car SUV
L4
2014
8
0.005
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.9
348.8
404.8
4000
49.1

146
173
10.4
1.181
Car SUV
L4
2015
6
0.003
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.8
348.8
404.7
4000
49.2

146
173
10.4
1.181
Car SUV
L4
2016
3
0.002
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.8
348.8
404.7
4000
49.2

146
172
10.5
1.174
Car SUV
L4
2017
11
0.006
27.7
18.5
25.7
22.0
479.2
345.6
403.0
4000
49.2

146
173
10.4
1.181
Car SUV
L4
2018
-
0.017
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.8
348.8
404.7
4000
49.2

146
173
10.4
1.181
Car SUV
L5
1975
















Car SUV
L5
1976
















Car SUV
L5
1977
















Car SUV
L5
1978
















Car SUV
L5
1979
















Car SUV
L5
1980
















Car SUV
L5
1981
















Car SUV
L5
1982
















Car SUV
L5
1983
















Car SUV
L5
1984
















Car SUV
L5
1985
















Car SUV
L5
1986
















Car SUV
L5
1987
















Car SUV
L5
1988
















Car SUV
L5
1989
















Car SUV
L5
1990
















Car SUV
L5
1991
















Car SUV
L5
1992
















Car SUV
L5
1993
















Car SUV
L5
1994
















Car SUV
L5
1995
















Car SUV
L5
1996
















Car SUV
L5
1997
18
0.050
21.0
15.0
20.1
17.3
591.3
441.1
512.9
4000


244
160
10.5
0.656
Car SUV
L5
1998
149
0.327
21.2
15.2
20.0
17.4
585.7
444.3
511.2
4000


244
160
10.9
0.656
Car SUV
L5
1999
143
0.292
21.6
15.4
20.3
17.7
575.5
438.6
502.7
4000


244
160
10.8
0.656
Car SUV
L5
2000
141
0.229
21.0
14.8
19.7
17.1
600.4
449.9
519.4
4000


244
163
10.2
0.669
Car SUV
L5
2001
116
0.156
20.8
14.6
19.3
16.9
607.0
459.7
526.6
4000


247
212
8.5
0.856
Car SUV
L5
2002
29
0.048
20.6
14.4
19.1
16.7
616.5
465.8
533.4
4000


246
213
8.6
0.865
Car SUV
L5
2003
51
0.088
22.8
15.7
21.3
18.4
561.6
414.7
483.4
3807


218
206
8.6
0.945
Car SUV
L5
2004
148
0.232
23.6
16.0
22.3
19.0
548.9
396.1
466.8
4132


215
244
8.1
1.134
Car SUV
L5
2005
343
0.422
24.4
16.4
22.8
19.5
536.9
387.2
454.8
4059


204
207
9.0
1.012
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-61	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L4
2005
0.0489
37.8


88.8%

11.2%


100.0%


80.2%
10.0%

Car SUV
L4
2006
0.0475
39.0


85.8%

14.2%


100.0%


82.0%
16.2%

Car SUV
L4
2007
0.0459
39.8


93.4%

6.6%


100.0%


83.8%
38.0%
2.5%
Car SUV
L4
2008
0.0472
40.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
48.1%
0.6%
Car SUV
L4
2009
0.0453
43.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
74.4%
2.6%
Car SUV
L4
2010
0.0489
43.3


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
99.4%

Car SUV
L4
2011
0.0475
43.8


99.8%

0.2%


100.0%


100.0%
98.3%

Car SUV
L4
2012
0.0509
41.4


66.3%

33.7%


100.0%


70.1%
70.1%

Car SUV
L4
2013
0.0438
43.0


81.7%

18.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L4
2014
0.0433
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L4
2015
0.0433
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L4
2016
0.0430
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L4
2017
0.0433
44.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L4
2018
0.0433
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
1975















Car SUV
L5
1976















Car SUV
L5
1977















Car SUV
L5
1978















Car SUV
L5
1979















Car SUV
L5
1980















Car SUV
L5
1981















Car SUV
L5
1982















Car SUV
L5
1983















Car SUV
L5
1984















Car SUV
L5
1985















Car SUV
L5
1986















Car SUV
L5
1987















Car SUV
L5
1988















Car SUV
L5
1989















Car SUV
L5
1990















Car SUV
L5
1991















Car SUV
L5
1992















Car SUV
L5
1993















Car SUV
L5
1994















Car SUV
L5
1995















Car SUV
L5
1996















Car SUV
L5
1997
0.0400
34.7




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
1998
0.0400
34.8




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
1999
0.0400
35.4




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
2000
0.0408
34.2




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
2001
0.0529
33.8




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
2002
0.0533
33.3




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
L5
2003
0.0539
35.1


52.7%

47.3%


100.0%


58.7%
6.0%

Car SUV
L5
2004
0.0589
39.5


73.6%
14.6%
11.9%


100.0%


100.0%
85.5%

Car SUV
L5
2005
0.0506
39.7


52.6%
34.4%
13.1%


100.0%


46.5%
42.5%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-62	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L5
2006
316
0.421
24.6
16.6
23.1
19.8
530.3
381.7
449.6
4053


203
208
9.0
1.024
Car SUV
L5
2007
414
0.450
25.4
17.2
23.5
20.3
511.2
375.3
437.8
3975


199
219
8.7
1.103
Car SUV
L5
2008
350
0.379
25.7
17.3
23.8
20.5
506.9
369.8
432.9
3986
46.7

194
215
8.9
1.109
Car SUV
L5
2009
189
0.311
26.5
17.9
24.4
21.1
492.0
361.6
421.5
3902
46.3

187
212
8.7
1.137
Car SUV
L5
2010
127
0.138
29.6
20.0
26.9
23.4
440.9
328.3
379.6
3637
45.2

160
190
9.1
1.199
Car SUV
L5
2011
138
0.115
30.2
20.4
27.0
23.7
435.0
328.2
375.3
3585
45.2

154
185
9.1
1.210
Car SUV
L5
2012
132
0.105
31.4
20.9
28.4
24.6
420.3
310.1
361.2
3714
45.6

164
205
8.8
1.256
Car SUV
L5
2013
105
0.069
33.4
22.3
29.8
26.0
397.3
296.6
341.5
3572
44.6

151
188
9.0
1.255
Car SUV
L5
2014
142
0.091
33.7
22.5
30.0
26.2
394.4
295.2
338.8
3533
44.3

149
187
9.0
1.258
Car SUV
L5
2015
5
0.003
27.2
18.1
25.4
21.7
478.1
341.9
410.1
4269
47.4

199
229
8.7
1.181
Car SUV
L5
2016
















Car SUV
L5
2017
















Car SUV
L5
2018
















Car SUV
L6
1975
















Car SUV
L6
1976
















Car SUV
L6
1977
















Car SUV
L6
1978
















Car SUV
L6
1979
















Car SUV
L6
1980
















Car SUV
L6
1981
















Car SUV
L6
1982
















Car SUV
L6
1983
















Car SUV
L6
1984
















Car SUV
L6
1985
















Car SUV
L6
1986
















Car SUV
L6
1987
















Car SUV
L6
1988
















Car SUV
L6
1989
















Car SUV
L6
1990
















Car SUV
L6
1991
















Car SUV
L6
1992
















Car SUV
L6
1993
















Car SUV
L6
1994
















Car SUV
L6
1995
















Car SUV
L6
1996
















Car SUV
L6
1997
















Car SUV
L6
1998
















Car SUV
L6
1999
















Car SUV
L6
2000
















Car SUV
L6
2001
















Car SUV
L6
2002
















Car SUV
L6
2003
















Car SUV
L6
2004
















Car SUV
L6
2005
















Car SUV
L6
2006
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-63	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L5
2006
0.0511
40.1


65.3%
20.3%
14.3%


100.0%


90.0%
49.1%

Car SUV
L5
2007
0.0549
40.4


73.8%
9.9%
16.3%


100.0%


74.0%
52.9%

Car SUV
L5
2008
0.0536
41.0


67.8%
12.3%
20.0%


100.0%


72.5%
71.4%

Car SUV
L5
2009
0.0540
41.2


78.9%
7.8%
13.3%


100.0%


81.2%
76.7%

Car SUV
L5
2010
0.0520
42.6


91.3%

8.7%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2011
0.0514
42.4


96.0%

4.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2012
0.0551
45.8


85.7%
9.4%
4.9%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2013
0.0527
46.5


95.7%

4.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2014
0.0529
46.4


97.4%

2.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2015
0.0534
46.9


46.1%

53.9%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L5
2016















Car SUV
L5
2017















Car SUV
L5
2018















Car SUV
L6
1975















Car SUV
L6
1976















Car SUV
L6
1977















Car SUV
L6
1978















Car SUV
L6
1979















Car SUV
L6
1980















Car SUV
L6
1981















Car SUV
L6
1982















Car SUV
L6
1983















Car SUV
L6
1984















Car SUV
L6
1985















Car SUV
L6
1986















Car SUV
L6
1987















Car SUV
L6
1988















Car SUV
L6
1989















Car SUV
L6
1990















Car SUV
L6
1991















Car SUV
L6
1992















Car SUV
L6
1993















Car SUV
L6
1994















Car SUV
L6
1995















Car SUV
L6
1996















Car SUV
L6
1997















Car SUV
L6
1998















Car SUV
L6
1999















Car SUV
L6
2000















Car SUV
L6
2001















Car SUV
L6
2002















Car SUV
L6
2003















Car SUV
L6
2004















Car SUV
L6
2005















Car SUV
L6
2006















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-64	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L6
2007
150
0.163
24.3
16.3
23.1
19.6
545.1
384.2
454.1
4335


195
255
7.8
1.340
Car SUV
L6
2008
175
0.189
24.4
16.2
23.3
19.6
546.4
381.1
452.7
4310
49.0

207
260
7.8
1.278
Car SUV
L6
2009
190
0.312
27.6
18.5
25.7
22.0
477.4
343.6
404.0
3848
45.6

182
224
8.1
1.230
Car SUV
L6
2010
610
0.667
28.7
19.2
26.5
22.8
457.0
330.9
389.5
4063
47.5

176
223
8.5
1.268
Car SUV
L6
2011
830
0.688
29.4
19.6
27.0
23.2
448.6
326.4
382.4
4021
47.8

171
219
8.6
1.273
Car SUV
L6
2012
888
0.702
29.3
19.5
26.9
23.1
451.1
327.0
384.7
4012
47.5

169
217
8.6
1.285
Car SUV
L6
2013
1228
0.811
30.9
20.4
28.1
24.2
430.7
313.0
367.4
4038
47.6

162
219
8.6
1.383
Car SUV
L6
2014
1189
0.759
31.0
20.5
27.9
24.1
428.8
315.4
368.2
3926
46.8

153
207
8.8
1.380
Car SUV
L6
2015
1204
0.708
31.3
20.8
28.3
24.5
420.9
310.5
362.5
3948
46.9

155
209
8.8
1.375
Car SUV
L6
2016
1095
0.586
32.3
21.5
29.0
25.2
407.1
303.1
352.5
3863
46.6

145
198
8.9
1.396
Car SUV
L6
2017
1331
0.679
32.6
21.7
29.4
25.5
406.8
300.4
349.0
3886
46.5

137
192
9.1
1.449
Car SUV
L6
2018
-
0.631
34.0
22.8
29.6
26.2
387.3
299.3
339.9
3776
45.7

127
182
9.3
1.495
Car SUV
L7
1975
















Car SUV
L7
1976
















Car SUV
L7
1977
















Car SUV
L7
1978
















Car SUV
L7
1979
















Car SUV
L7
1980
















Car SUV
L7
1981
















Car SUV
L7
1982
















Car SUV
L7
1983
















Car SUV
L7
1984
















Car SUV
L7
1985
















Car SUV
L7
1986
















Car SUV
L7
1987
















Car SUV
L7
1988
















Car SUV
L7
1989
















Car SUV
L7
1990
















Car SUV
L7
1991
















Car SUV
L7
1992
















Car SUV
L7
1993
















Car SUV
L7
1994
















Car SUV
L7
1995
















Car SUV
L7
1996
















Car SUV
L7
1997
















Car SUV
L7
1998
















Car SUV
L7
1999
















Car SUV
L7
2000
















Car SUV
L7
2001
















Car SUV
L7
2002
















Car SUV
L7
2003
















Car SUV
L7
2004
















Car SUV
L7
2005
















Car SUV
L7
2006
















Car SUV
L7
2007
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-65	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L6
2007
0.0589
42.4


98.5%
1.2%
0.4%


100.0%


100.0%
42.6%

Car SUV
L6
2008
0.0604
42.3


96.1%
3.6%
0.3%

11.5%
88.5%


100.0%
40.5%

Car SUV
L6
2009
0.0581
42.4


98.7%
1.0%
0.3%

4.2%
95.8%


100.0%
58.8%

Car SUV
L6
2010
0.0548
46.6


86.7%
13.3%
0.0%

39.2%
60.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2011
0.0542
47.0


85.9%
14.1%
0.0%

40.2%
59.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2012
0.0539
46.7


80.7%
19.3%


56.3%
43.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2013
0.0538
49.0


90.4%
9.6%


57.7%
42.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2014
0.0524
47.6


89.8%
10.2%


67.6%
32.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2015
0.0525
48.6


89.3%
10.7%


62.2%
37.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2016
0.0508
49.0


87.3%
12.7%


63.1%
36.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2017
0.0493
49.6


88.7%
11.3%


67.5%
32.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L6
2018
0.0479
49.7


90.6%
9.4%


59.0%
39.0%

2.0%
100.0%
98.0%

Car SUV
L7
1975















Car SUV
L7
1976















Car SUV
L7
1977















Car SUV
L7
1978















Car SUV
L7
1979















Car SUV
L7
1980















Car SUV
L7
1981















Car SUV
L7
1982















Car SUV
L7
1983















Car SUV
L7
1984















Car SUV
L7
1985















Car SUV
L7
1986















Car SUV
L7
1987















Car SUV
L7
1988















Car SUV
L7
1989















Car SUV
L7
1990















Car SUV
L7
1991















Car SUV
L7
1992















Car SUV
L7
1993















Car SUV
L7
1994















Car SUV
L7
1995















Car SUV
L7
1996















Car SUV
L7
1997















Car SUV
L7
1998















Car SUV
L7
1999















Car SUV
L7
2000















Car SUV
L7
2001















Car SUV
L7
2002















Car SUV
L7
2003















Car SUV
L7
2004















Car SUV
L7
2005















Car SUV
L7
2006















Car SUV
L7
2007















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-66	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L7
200S
















Car SUV
L7
2009
5
o.oos
24.0
16.1
22.6
19.3
551.3
393.9
461.6
4500
50.9

214
300
7.0
1.402
Car SUV
L7
2010
14
0.015
23.S
16.1
22.2
19.1
551.1
399.6
464.S
4500
47.7

213
267
7.6
1.254
Car SUV
L7
2011
13
0.011
23.6
16.0
22.1
19.0
555.0
402.1
467.9
4133
4S.0

213
277
7.1
1.297
Car SUV
L7
2012
14
0.011
23.6
16.2
22.1
19.1
549.6
402.0
465.6
4224
47.7

213
274
7.2
1.2S4
Car SUV
L7
2013
IS
0.012
27.2
1S.4
24.4
21.4
4S0.2
363.7
414.7
4500
4S.0

217
30S
7.0
1.422
Car SUV
L7
2014
17
0.011
27.5
IS.6
25.2
21.9
477.3
352.1
406.3
4500
47.4

215
304
7.0
1.417
Car SUV
L7
2015
19
0.011
27.5
IS.6
25.2
21.S
477.S
352.5
406.S
4500
47.5

215
305
7.0
1.418
Car SUV
L7
2016
2
0.001
25.3
17.0
23.6
20.2
522.7
375.9
439.0
4500
50.9

226
325
6.7
1.439
Car SUV
L7
2017
12
0.006
30.9
20.5
2S.7
24.5
421.S
302.6
363.0
3SS5
47.3

162
253
7.2
1.607
Car SUV
L7
201S
-
O.OOS
36.S
24.0
33.2
2S.5
370.0
26S.0
311.9
3500
45.0

121
20S
7.5
1.712
Car SUV
LS
1975
















Car SUV
LS
1976
















Car SUV
LS
1977
















Car SUV
LS
197S
















Car SUV
LS
1979
















Car SUV
LS
19S0
















Car SUV
LS
19S1
















Car SUV
LS
19S2
















Car SUV
LS
19S3
















Car SUV
LS
19S4
















Car SUV
LS
19S5
















Car SUV
LS
19S6
















Car SUV
LS
19S7
















Car SUV
LS
19SS
















Car SUV
LS
19S9
















Car SUV
LS
1990
















Car SUV
LS
1991
















Car SUV
LS
1992
















Car SUV
LS
1993
















Car SUV
LS
1994
















Car SUV
LS
1995
















Car SUV
LS
1996
















Car SUV
LS
1997
















Car SUV
LS
199S
















Car SUV
LS
1999
















Car SUV
LS
2000
















Car SUV
LS
2001
















Car SUV
LS
2002
















Car SUV
LS
2003
















Car SUV
LS
2004
















Car SUV
LS
2005
















Car SUV
LS
2006
















Car SUV
LS
2007
















Car SUV
LS
200S
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-67	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L7
200S















Car SUV
L7
2009
0.0667
43.3




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2010
0.0594
43.0




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2011
0.0669
39.3




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2012
0.0650
40.4




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2013
0.06S5
4S.3




100.0%

72.2%
27.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2014
0.0676
49.3




100.0%

32.3%
67.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2015
0.0677
49.2




100.0%

88.1%
11.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2016
0.0722
45.5




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
2017
0.0644
47.9


61.5%

38.5%

61.5%
38.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L7
201S
0.0594
49.9


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
LS
1975















Car SUV
LS
1976















Car SUV
LS
1977















Car SUV
LS
197S















Car SUV
LS
1979















Car SUV
LS
19S0















Car SUV
LS
19S1















Car SUV
LS
19S2















Car SUV
LS
19S3















Car SUV
LS
19S4















Car SUV
LS
19S5















Car SUV
LS
19S6















Car SUV
LS
19S7















Car SUV
LS
19SS















Car SUV
LS
19S9















Car SUV
LS
1990















Car SUV
LS
1991















Car SUV
LS
1992















Car SUV
LS
1993















Car SUV
LS
1994















Car SUV
LS
1995















Car SUV
LS
1996















Car SUV
LS
1997















Car SUV
LS
199S















Car SUV
LS
1999















Car SUV
LS
2000















Car SUV
LS
2001















Car SUV
LS
2002















Car SUV
LS
2003















Car SUV
LS
2004















Car SUV
LS
2005















Car SUV
LS
2006















Car SUV
LS
2007















Car SUV
LS
200S















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-68	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
LS
2009
















Car SUV
LS
2010
















Car SUV
LS
2011
















Car SUV
LS
2012
















Car SUV
LS
2013
















Car SUV
LS
2014
















Car SUV
LS
2015
23
0.014
31.7
21.2
28.5
24.8
412.9
309.5
358.1
4200
48.1

157
256
7.3
1.742
Car SUV
LS
2016
48
0.026
31.0
20.6
28.2
24.4
429.1
313.9
364.8
4344
49.0

183
279
7.0
1.595
Car SUV
LS
2017
85
0.043
30.5
20.4
27.9
24.1
435.0
317.9
368.8
4344
49.0

183
278
7.0
1.578
Car SUV
LS
201S
-
0.031
32.2
21.3
27.1
24.2
417.0
327.9
366.7
4177
45.9

153
225
7.9
1.488
Car SUV
L9
1975
















Car SUV
L9
1976
















Car SUV
L9
1977
















Car SUV
L9
197S
















Car SUV
L9
1979
















Car SUV
L9
19S0
















Car SUV
L9
19S1
















Car SUV
L9
19S2
















Car SUV
L9
19S3
















Car SUV
L9
19S4
















Car SUV
L9
19S5
















Car SUV
L9
19S6
















Car SUV
L9
19S7
















Car SUV
L9
19SS
















Car SUV
L9
19S9
















Car SUV
L9
1990
















Car SUV
L9
1991
















Car SUV
L9
1992
















Car SUV
L9
1993
















Car SUV
L9
1994
















Car SUV
L9
1995
















Car SUV
L9
1996
















Car SUV
L9
1997
















Car SUV
L9
199S
















Car SUV
L9
1999
















Car SUV
L9
2000
















Car SUV
L9
2001
















Car SUV
L9
2002
















Car SUV
L9
2003
















Car SUV
L9
2004
















Car SUV
L9
2005
















Car SUV
L9
2006
















Car SUV
L9
2007
















Car SUV
L9
200S
















Car SUV
L9
2009
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-69	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
LS
2009















Car SUV
LS
2010















Car SUV
LS
2011















Car SUV
LS
2012















Car SUV
LS
2013















Car SUV
LS
2014















Car SUV
LS
2015
0.0610
52.4


51.4%
39.9%
8.6%

60.1%
39.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
LS
2016
0.0642
52.9


92.9%

7.1%

31.1%
68.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
LS
2017
0.063S
52.3


78.3%

21.7%

31.1%
68.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
LS
201S
0.0532
50.6


100.0%



64.6%
35.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L9
1975















Car SUV
L9
1976















Car SUV
L9
1977















Car SUV
L9
197S















Car SUV
L9
1979















Car SUV
L9
19S0















Car SUV
L9
19S1















Car SUV
L9
19S2















Car SUV
L9
19S3















Car SUV
L9
19S4















Car SUV
L9
19S5















Car SUV
L9
19S6















Car SUV
L9
19S7















Car SUV
L9
19SS















Car SUV
L9
19S9















Car SUV
L9
1990















Car SUV
L9
1991















Car SUV
L9
1992















Car SUV
L9
1993















Car SUV
L9
1994















Car SUV
L9
1995















Car SUV
L9
1996















Car SUV
L9
1997















Car SUV
L9
199S















Car SUV
L9
1999















Car SUV
L9
2000















Car SUV
L9
2001















Car SUV
L9
2002















Car SUV
L9
2003















Car SUV
L9
2004















Car SUV
L9
2005















Car SUV
L9
2006















Car SUV
L9
2007















Car SUV
L9
200S















Car SUV
L9
2009















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-70	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
L9
2010
















Car SUV
L9
2011
















Car SUV
L9
2012
















Car SUV
L9
2013
















Car SUV
L9
2014
54
0.035
31.2
20.5
29.1
24.7
432.1
304.7
360.3
4000
45.9

165
218
7.9
1.307
Car SUV
L9
2015
93
0.055
32.5
21.4
29.8
25.5
415.1
298.1
348.6
3852
45.0

155
199
8.1
1.279
Car SUV
L9
2016
134
0.072
32.6
21.5
29.7
25.5
413.2
299.4
348.5
3843
45.4

149
196
8.2
1.328
Car SUV
L9
2017
118
0.060
32.6
21.6
30.2
25.8
411.9
294.0
344.9
3807
45.3

148
199
8.0
1.361
Car SUV
L9
2018
-
0.104
33.4
22.3
29.4
25.8
397.7
302.5
344.2
3835
46.0

132
213
7.6
1.660
Car SUV
M3
1975
















Car SUV
M3
1976
















Car SUV
M3
1977
















Car SUV
M3
1978
14
0.842
13.1
9.9
13.1
11.2
872.6
666.3
796.4
4000


259
125
14.2
0.484
Car SUV
M3
1979
2
0.121
11.7
9.7
10.1
9.9
914.3
876.4
897.3
4000


304
122
14.6
0.401
Car SUV
M3
1980
0
0.019
17.2
14.2
14.9
14.5
625.0
595.0
611.5
4000


196
77
21.1
0.393
Car SUV
M3
1981
















Car SUV
M3
1982
















Car SUV
M3
1983
















Car SUV
M3
1984
















Car SUV
M3
1985
















Car SUV
M3
1986
















Car SUV
M3
1987
















Car SUV
M3
1988
















Car SUV
M3
1989
















Car SUV
M3
1990
















Car SUV
M3
1991
















Car SUV
M3
1992
















Car SUV
M3
1993
















Car SUV
M3
1994
















Car SUV
M3
1995
















Car SUV
M3
1996
















Car SUV
M3
1997
















Car SUV
M3
1998
















Car SUV
M3
1999
















Car SUV
M3
2000
















Car SUV
M3
2001
















Car SUV
M3
2002
















Car SUV
M3
2003
















Car SUV
M3
2004
















Car SUV
M3
2005
















Car SUV
M3
2006
















Car SUV
M3
2007
















Car SUV
M3
2008
















Car SUV
M3
2009
















Car SUV
M3
2010
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-71	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
L9
2010















Car SUV
L9
2011















Car SUV
L9
2012















Car SUV
L9
2013















Car SUV
L9
2014
0.0544
49.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L9
2015
0.0517
49.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L9
2016
0.0511
49.0


87.6%

12.4%

12.4%
87.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L9
2017
0.0522
49.0


86.0%

14.0%

14.0%
86.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
L9
2018
0.0553
49.5


85.9%

14.1%

54.3%
45.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M3
1975















Car SUV
M3
1976















Car SUV
M3
1977















Car SUV
M3
1978
0.0313
22.8




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M3
1979
0.0305
19.8




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M3
1980
0.0193
29.1




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M3
1981















Car SUV
M3
1982















Car SUV
M3
1983















Car SUV
M3
1984















Car SUV
M3
1985















Car SUV
M3
1986















Car SUV
M3
1987















Car SUV
M3
1988















Car SUV
M3
1989















Car SUV
M3
1990















Car SUV
M3
1991















Car SUV
M3
1992















Car SUV
M3
1993















Car SUV
M3
1994















Car SUV
M3
1995















Car SUV
M3
1996















Car SUV
M3
1997















Car SUV
M3
1998















Car SUV
M3
1999















Car SUV
M3
2000















Car SUV
M3
2001















Car SUV
M3
2002















Car SUV
M3
2003















Car SUV
M3
2004















Car SUV
M3
2005















Car SUV
M3
2006















Car SUV
M3
2007















Car SUV
M3
2008















Car SUV
M3
2009















Car SUV
M3
2010















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-72	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
M3
2011
















Car SUV
M3
2012
















Car SUV
M3
2013
















Car SUV
M3
2014
















Car SUV
M3
2015
















Car SUV
M3
2016
















Car SUV
M3
2017
















Car SUV
M3
2018
















Car SUV
M4
1975
















Car SUV
M4
1976
















Car SUV
M4
1977
















Car SUV
M4
1978
















Car SUV
M4
1979
4
0.256
13.8
11.0
12.7
11.7
806.5
697.4
757.5
4000


259
125
14.1
0.484
Car SUV
M4
1980
0
0.019
14.0
11.0
13.2
11.9
800.9
674.7
746.9
4000


289
116
15.4
0.400
Car SUV
M4
1981
















Car SUV
M4
1982
1
0.046
26.7
20.8
25.7
22.8
426.5
345.5
390.1
3000


173
110
14.6
0.636
Car SUV
M4
1983
3
0.085
25.0
19.1
25.0
21.4
463.9
355.3
415.8
3500


163
105
15.2
0.649
Car SUV
M4
1984
4
0.067
24.2
18.6
23.8
20.6
475.5
370.7
431.2
3388


161
104
15.0
0.647
Car SUV
M4
1985
7
0.077
24.1
18.5
23.8
20.6
473.3
373.0
432.2
3444


163
103
14.9
0.634
Car SUV
M4
1986
4
0.070
25.0
19.5
23.7
21.2
451.8
373.3
418.4
3399


157
108
13.9
0.690
Car SUV
M4
1987
4
0.041
25.5
19.8
24.0
21.5
446.2
370.2
413.1
3447


157
103
14.7
0.657
Car SUV
M4
1988
0
0.004
28.1
22.0
25.6
23.6
403.8
347.3
377.2
3000


150
117
12.5
0.780
Car SUV
M4
1989
















Car SUV
M4
1990
















Car SUV
M4
1991
















Car SUV
M4
1992
5
0.021
23.0
17.1
21.9
19.2
518.5
405.2
462.8
3450


233
184
8.8
0.793
Car SUV
M4
1993
















Car SUV
M4
1994
















Car SUV
M4
1995
















Car SUV
M4
1996
















Car SUV
M4
1997
















Car SUV
M4
1998
















Car SUV
M4
1999
















Car SUV
M4
2000
















Car SUV
M4
2001
















Car SUV
M4
2002
















Car SUV
M4
2003
















Car SUV
M4
2004
















Car SUV
M4
2005
















Car SUV
M4
2006
















Car SUV
M4
2007
















Car SUV
M4
2008
















Car SUV
M4
2009
















Car SUV
M4
2010
















Car SUV
M4
2011
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-73	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
M3
2011















Car SUV
M3
2012















Car SUV
M3
2013















Car SUV
M3
2014















Car SUV
M3
2015















Car SUV
M3
2016















Car SUV
M3
2017















Car SUV
M3
2018















Car SUV
M4
1975















Car SUV
M4
1976















Car SUV
M4
1977















Car SUV
M4
1978















Car SUV
M4
1979
0.0313
23.5




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M4
1980
0.0289
23.9




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M4
1981















Car SUV
M4
1982
0.0367
34.2




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M4
1983
0.0301
37.5




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M4
1984
0.0306
35.0




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M4
1985
0.0300
35.6




100.0%
65.3%


34.7%




Car SUV
M4
1986
0.0321
36.3




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
M4
1987
0.0301
37.2




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
M4
1988
0.0390
35.3




100.0%



100.0%




Car SUV
M4
1989















Car SUV
M4
1990















Car SUV
M4
1991















Car SUV
M4
1992
0.0532
33.1




100.0%


100.0%





Car SUV
M4
1993















Car SUV
M4
1994















Car SUV
M4
1995















Car SUV
M4
1996















Car SUV
M4
1997















Car SUV
M4
1998















Car SUV
M4
1999















Car SUV
M4
2000















Car SUV
M4
2001















Car SUV
M4
2002















Car SUV
M4
2003















Car SUV
M4
2004















Car SUV
M4
2005















Car SUV
M4
2006















Car SUV
M4
2007















Car SUV
M4
2008















Car SUV
M4
2009















Car SUV
M4
2010















Car SUV
M4
2011















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-74	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
M4
2012
















Car SUV
M4
2013
















Car SUV
M4
2014
















Car SUV
M4
2015
















Car SUV
M4
2016
















Car SUV
M4
2017
















Car SUV
M4
2018
















Car SUV
M5
1975
















Car SUV
M5
1976
















Car SUV
M5
1977
















Car SUV
M5
1978
















Car SUV
M5
1979
















Car SUV
M5
1980
















Car SUV
M5
1981
















Car SUV
M5
1982
















Car SUV
M5
1983
4
0.107
24.7
18.6
25.3
21.1
476.6
351.4
420.8
3500


170
108
14.4
0.640
Car SUV
M5
1984
7
0.127
23.3
17.5
24.0
19.9
507.7
370.5
446.7
3488


172
109
14.1
0.637
Car SUV
M5
1985
7
0.082
22.7
16.8
23.9
19.4
524.9
371.2
457.9
3406


170
109
13.8
0.645
Car SUV
M5
1986
7
0.111
23.2
17.7
22.9
19.7
497.5
385.9
450.1
3447


167
121
12.4
0.724
Car SUV
M5
1987
10
0.102
24.0
18.1
23.7
20.3
488.9
375.2
437.3
3451


183
135
11.7
0.742
Car SUV
M5
1988
26
0.242
24.3
18.4
23.5
20.5
481.5
377.8
433.6
3489


181
136
11.9
0.755
Car SUV
M5
1989
30
0.274
23.7
17.8
23.0
19.9
497.8
385.7
445.5
3491


177
134
11.6
0.759
Car SUV
M5
1990
23
0.351
23.7
18.0
22.3
19.8
489.9
395.7
448.2
3420


175
130
11.2
0.752
Car SUV
M5
1991
50
0.222
23.9
18.1
22.2
19.9
476.3
395.2
446.2
3500


182
131
11.5
0.738
Car SUV
M5
1992
55
0.225
23.9
18.1
22.0
19.8
475.9
398.3
447.7
3436


168
124
11.6
0.759
Car SUV
M5
1993
52
0.109
24.3
18.3
22.1
20.0
474.3
396.8
443.5
3451


173
134
10.4
0.789
Car SUV
M5
1994
71
0.215
23.4
17.5
21.5
19.3
495.7
407.3
460.2
3497


172
136
10.3
0.803
Car SUV
M5
1995
38
0.174
25.1
18.7
22.7
20.6
464.5
386.4
431.9
3382


148
116
11.9
0.804
Car SUV
M5
1996
44
0.154
25.5
18.9
22.9
20.8
462.9
382.5
427.2
3361


156
132
10.9
0.877
Car SUV
M5
1997
84
0.232
26.5
19.4
23.8
21.5
452.4
368.7
412.9
3254


148
134
10.4
0.928
Car SUV
M5
1998
51
0.111
24.9
18.2
22.4
20.2
481.0
393.1
440.3
3528


168
140
10.8
0.884
Car SUV
M5
1999
41
0.084
25.2
18.3
22.6
20.3
480.1
390.5
436.8
3560


167
143
10.7
0.904
Car SUV
M5
2000
35
0.057
24.0
17.4
21.3
19.3
503.7
412.1
460.2
3717


168
145
10.4
0.908
Car SUV
M5
2001
46
0.062
25.9
18.5
22.9
20.7
469.1
381.0
429.6
3521


147
143
10.1
1.008
Car SUV
M5
2002
45
0.075
26.0
18.4
23.1
20.7
473.4
377.4
428.8
3625


148
146
10.2
1.013
Car SUV
M5
2003
41
0.072
27.4
19.1
24.6
21.8
459.0
357.8
407.2
3606


144
145
10.1
1.024
Car SUV
M5
2004
37
0.058
27.5
18.9
24.8
21.8
463.9
355.0
407.3
3646


145
147
10.1
1.020
Car SUV
M5
2005
27
0.033
29.7
20.3
26.5
23.4
437.6
334.8
379.7
3476


135
145
9.9
1.075
Car SUV
M5
2006
20
0.027
28.9
19.7
25.7
22.7
448.9
344.5
390.7
3533


134
146
10.0
1.093
Car SUV
M5
2007
11
0.012
29.4
19.8
26.7
23.2
447.5
331.6
382.6
3534


132
147
10.1
1.120
Car SUV
M5
2008
6
0.007
29.1
20.0
25.7
22.9
444.7
345.0
388.3
3533
44.4

135
151
9.9
1.119
Car SUV
M5
2009
3
0.006
29.7
20.4
26.1
23.3
432.6
340.2
381.8
3572
45.1

140
160
9.4
1.142
Car SUV
M5
2010
1
0.001
31.5
21.8
27.1
24.5
407.0
327.2
362.0
3500
44.0

147
169
9.1
1.144
Car SUV
M5
2011
3
0.002
32.7
22.1
28.5
25.4
400.8
310.2
350.3
3500
43.7

136
161
9.4
1.193
Car SUV
M5
2012
4
0.003
32.9
22.3
28.6
25.5
398.3
310.3
348.7
3500
43.6

131
161
9.4
1.237
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-75	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
M4
2012















Car SUV
M4
2013















Car SUV
M4
2014















Car SUV
M4
2015















Car SUV
M4
2016















Car SUV
M4
2017















Car SUV
M4
2018















Car SUV
M5
1975















Car SUV
M5
1976















Car SUV
M5
1977















Car SUV
M5
1978















Car SUV
M5
1979















Car SUV
M5
1980















Car SUV
M5
1981















Car SUV
M5
1982















Car SUV
M5
1983
0.0310
37.0




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M5
1984
0.0313
34.7




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M5
1985
0.0322
33.1




100.0%
100.0%







Car SUV
M5
1986
0.0351
34.2




100.0%
22.3%

0.2%
77.2%
0.2%



Car SUV
M5
1987
0.0392
35.1




100.0%


50.4%
49.6%




Car SUV
M5
1988
0.0391
35.8




100.0%


77.8%
22.2%




Car SUV
M5
1989
0.0385
34.9




100.0%
5.2%

74.1%
20.7%




Car SUV
M5
1990
0.0380
33.9




100.0%
14.5%

67.7%
17.8%




Car SUV
M5
1991
0.0369
34.7




100.0%
3.7%

53.0%
43.3%




Car SUV
M5
1992
0.0355
33.9




100.0%
5.5%

54.8%
39.7%




Car SUV
M5
1993
0.0383
34.4




100.0%
6.4%

66.8%
26.8%




Car SUV
M5
1994
0.0385
33.6


6.7%

93.3%


78.2%
21.8%

17.2%


Car SUV
M5
1995
0.0340
34.5


0.8%

99.2%


68.0%
32.0%

3.4%


Car SUV
M5
1996
0.0391
34.9


9.4%

90.6%


100.0%


52.6%


Car SUV
M5
1997
0.0416
35.0


25.0%

75.0%


100.0%


79.9%


Car SUV
M5
1998
0.0397
35.6


12.1%

87.9%


100.0%


64.9%


Car SUV
M5
1999
0.0402
36.2


10.6%

89.4%


100.0%


60.9%


Car SUV
M5
2000
0.0390
36.0


7.0%

93.0%


100.0%


53.8%


Car SUV
M5
2001
0.0408
36.8


38.1%

61.9%


100.0%


60.4%
8.4%

Car SUV
M5
2002
0.0405
37.9


53.1%

46.9%


100.0%


85.9%
8.1%

Car SUV
M5
2003
0.0404
39.5


74.4%

25.6%


100.0%


84.6%
7.0%

Car SUV
M5
2004
0.0404
40.0


74.3%

25.7%


100.0%


91.3%
5.9%

Car SUV
M5
2005
0.0418
40.7


98.9%

1.1%


100.0%


99.3%
8.0%

Car SUV
M5
2006
0.0415
40.3


93.0%

7.0%


100.0%


100.0%
12.5%

Car SUV
M5
2007
0.0416
41.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
20.2%

Car SUV
M5
2008
0.0427
40.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
49.7%

Car SUV
M5
2009
0.0446
41.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
85.6%

Car SUV
M5
2010
0.0482
43.0


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2011
0.0459
44.5


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2012
0.0460
44.7


96.5%

3.5%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-76	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
M5
2013
3
0.002
34.5
23.5
29.3
26.5
377.5
303.5
335.8
3500
43.6

125
156
9.6
1.255
Car SUV
M5
2014
8
0.005
33.8
22.9
29.2
26.1
388.7
303.9
340.5
3500
43.5

126
159
9.5
1.263
Car SUV
M5
2015
6
0.003
33.9
23.0
29.2
26.2
386.8
304.1
339.7
3500
43.0

126
157
9.6
1.255
Car SUV
M5
2016
5
0.003
33.8
22.8
29.4
26.1
389.9
302.5
340.1
3500
42.8

125
159
9.5
1.272
Car SUV
M5
2017
1
0.001
33.7
22.9
29.6
26.3
388.0
300.4
338.1
3500
43.5

123
153
9.7
1.246
Car SUV
M5
2018
-
0.001
33.6
22.9
28.8
25.9
388.6
308.9
343.1
3500
44.2

122
148
9.9
1.214
Car SUV
M6
1975
















Car SUV
M6
1976
















Car SUV
M6
1977
















Car SUV
M6
1978
















Car SUV
M6
1979
















Car SUV
M6
1980
















Car SUV
M6
1981
















Car SUV
M6
1982
















Car SUV
M6
1983
















Car SUV
M6
1984
















Car SUV
M6
1985
















Car SUV
M6
1986
















Car SUV
M6
1987
















Car SUV
M6
1988
















Car SUV
M6
1989
















Car SUV
M6
1990
















Car SUV
M6
1991
















Car SUV
M6
1992
















Car SUV
M6
1993
















Car SUV
M6
1994
















Car SUV
M6
1995
















Car SUV
M6
1996
















Car SUV
M6
1997
















Car SUV
M6
1998
















Car SUV
M6
1999
















Car SUV
M6
2000
















Car SUV
M6
2001
















Car SUV
M6
2002
















Car SUV
M6
2003
















Car SUV
M6
2004
















Car SUV
M6
2005
3
0.003
23.4
16.0
21.4
18.7
550.3
413.7
475.5
4277


210
222
8.3
1.050
Car SUV
M6
2006
3
0.004
22.3
15.5
20.0
17.8
574.7
443.8
500.1
4345


236
248
7.5
1.047
Car SUV
M6
2007
4
0.004
22.8
15.8
20.5
18.1
563.7
432.9
489.7
4127


233
212
8.2
0.906
Car SUV
M6
2008
0
0.000
22.6
15.8
20.0
18.0
561.5
444.3
494.7
4500
45.6

241
261
7.5
1.083
Car SUV
M6
2009
0
0.000
22.7
15.8
20.2
18.0
562.6
439.6
492.5
4500
45.6

241
261
7.4
1.083
Car SUV
M6
2010
1
0.001
29.9
20.1
27.3
23.6
438.7
321.6
375.8
3761
45.7

155
183
8.7
1.191
Car SUV
M6
2011
3
0.003
29.7
19.9
27.0
23.4
446.1
328.9
379.7
3823
46.7

146
175
9.0
1.197
Car SUV
M6
2012
1
0.001
28.1
19.1
26.6
22.7
464.3
334.5
390.8
3744
44.8

134
193
8.2
1.466
Car SUV
M6
2013
2
0.001
37.6
25.0
32.9
29.0
351.5
268.9
306.7
3540
45.9

122
159
9.3
1.300
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-77	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
M5
2013
0.0446
46.4


98.8%

1.2%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2014
0.0453
45.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2015
0.0449
45.8


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2016
0.0453
45.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2017
0.0437
46.0


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M5
2018
0.0423
45.3


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
1975















Car SUV
M6
1976















Car SUV
M6
1977















Car SUV
M6
1978















Car SUV
M6
1979















Car SUV
M6
1980















Car SUV
M6
1981















Car SUV
M6
1982















Car SUV
M6
1983















Car SUV
M6
1984















Car SUV
M6
1985















Car SUV
M6
1986















Car SUV
M6
1987















Car SUV
M6
1988















Car SUV
M6
1989















Car SUV
M6
1990















Car SUV
M6
1991















Car SUV
M6
1992















Car SUV
M6
1993















Car SUV
M6
1994















Car SUV
M6
1995















Car SUV
M6
1996















Car SUV
M6
1997















Car SUV
M6
1998















Car SUV
M6
1999















Car SUV
M6
2000















Car SUV
M6
2001















Car SUV
M6
2002















Car SUV
M6
2003















Car SUV
M6
2004















Car SUV
M6
2005
0.0513
40.1




100.0%


100.0%


86.7%
55.3%

Car SUV
M6
2006
0.0569
38.6




100.0%


100.0%


69.1%
69.1%

Car SUV
M6
2007
0.0511
37.5




100.0%


100.0%


25.4%
25.4%

Car SUV
M6
2008
0.0580
40.4




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2009
0.0580
40.6




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2010
0.0487
44.6


91.1%

8.9%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2011
0.0461
44.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2012
0.0515
42.5


100.0%



48.9%
51.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2013
0.0448
51.5


100.0%



99.0%
1.0%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-78	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
M6
2014
3
0.002
37.4
24.9
32.8
28.9
352.5
269.3
307.6
3548
45.9

122
159
9.2
1.307
Car SUV
M6
2015
4
0.002
36.6
24.5
31.6
28.1
362.7
280.7
316.4
3500
43.8

96
159
9.0
1.702
Car SUV
M6
2016
7
0.004
37.3
24.8
32.4
28.6
358.3
274.2
310.7
3255
43.7

102
151
9.1
1.512
Car SUV
M6
2017
3
0.001
35.6
23.7
32.0
27.8
375.0
277.1
319.5
3429
43.1

101
166
8.6
1.717
Car SUV
M6
2018
-
0.004
35.2
23.1
31.7
27.3
384.2
280.6
325.3
3485
43.4

122
174
8.5
1.502
Car SUV
OT
1975
















Car SUV
OT
1976
















Car SUV
OT
1977
















Car SUV
OT
1978
















Car SUV
OT
1979
















Car SUV
OT
1980
















Car SUV
OT
1981
















Car SUV
OT
1982
















Car SUV
OT
1983
















Car SUV
OT
1984
















Car SUV
OT
1985
















Car SUV
OT
1986
















Car SUV
OT
1987
















Car SUV
OT
1988
















Car SUV
OT
1989
















Car SUV
OT
1990
















Car SUV
OT
1991
















Car SUV
OT
1992
















Car SUV
OT
1993
















Car SUV
OT
1994
















Car SUV
OT
1995
















Car SUV
OT
1996
















Car SUV
OT
1997
















Car SUV
OT
1998
















Car SUV
OT
1999
















Car SUV
OT
2000
















Car SUV
OT
2001
















Car SUV
OT
2002
















Car SUV
OT
2003
















Car SUV
OT
2004
















Car SUV
OT
2005
















Car SUV
OT
2006
















Car SUV
OT
2007
















Car SUV
OT
2008
















Car SUV
OT
2009
















Car SUV
OT
2010
















Car SUV
OT
2011
















Car SUV
OT
2012
0
0.000
108.2
77.9
73.3
75.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4036
45.0


153
7.7

Car SUV
OT
2013
1
0.001
107.9
77.5
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4062
45.0


152
7.0

Car SUV
OT
2014
1
0.001
107.9
77.6
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4059
45.0


152
7.0

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-79	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
M6
2014
0.0448
51.5


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2015
0.0453
49.2


100.0%



28.3%
71.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2016
0.0465
46.5


100.0%



19.5%
80.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2017
0.0485
47.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
M6
2018
0.0501
47.6


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
OT
1975















Car SUV
OT
1976















Car SUV
OT
1977















Car SUV
OT
1978















Car SUV
OT
1979















Car SUV
OT
1980















Car SUV
OT
1981















Car SUV
OT
1982















Car SUV
OT
1983















Car SUV
OT
1984















Car SUV
OT
1985















Car SUV
OT
1986















Car SUV
OT
1987















Car SUV
OT
1988















Car SUV
OT
1989















Car SUV
OT
1990















Car SUV
OT
1991















Car SUV
OT
1992















Car SUV
OT
1993















Car SUV
OT
1994















Car SUV
OT
1995















Car SUV
OT
1996















Car SUV
OT
1997















Car SUV
OT
1998















Car SUV
OT
1999















Car SUV
OT
2000















Car SUV
OT
2001















Car SUV
OT
2002















Car SUV
OT
2003















Car SUV
OT
2004















Car SUV
OT
2005















Car SUV
OT
2006















Car SUV
OT
2007















Car SUV
OT
2008















Car SUV
OT
2009















Car SUV
OT
2010















Car SUV
OT
2011















Car SUV
OT
2012
0.0380
151.7


100.0%










Car SUV
OT
2013
0.0377
152.1


100.0%










Car SUV
OT
2014
0.0377
152.1


100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-80	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
OT
2015
















Car SUV
OT
2016
18
0.009
124.4
89.8
93.3
91.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
5518
54.5


405
4.8

Car SUV
OT
2017
17
0.009
122.4
88.0
92.1
90.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
5743
54.8


761
4.0

Car SUV
OT
2018
-
0.009
120.2
71.7
73.1
72.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
5831
54.8


758
4.0

Van
A3
1975
















Van
A3
1976
















Van
A3
1977
















Van
A3
1978
















Van
A3
1979
377
0.784
13.0
10.7
11.6
11.1
813.4
753.7
803.6
4626


334
148
15.4
0.445
Van
A3
1980
85
0.350
15.2
12.2
13.9
12.9
714.5
627.6
688.7
4657


315
137
16.7
0.437
Van
A3
1981
77
0.314
16.0
12.9
14.5
13.6
681.0
607.8
655.4
4511


309
131
16.8
0.425
Van
A3
1982
119
0.385
15.6
12.6
14.2
13.3
700.9
618.2
669.6
4519


314
135
17.5
0.431
Van
A3
1983
110
0.286
15.7
12.7
14.3
13.4
691.5
613.1
665.2
4399


316
133
16.0
0.424
Van
A3
1984
264
0.390
17.8
14.2
16.4
15.1
596.3
516.2
588.8
3962


249
127
15.9
0.548
Van
A3
1985
365
0.427
19.2
15.5
17.6
16.4
551.2
483.9
543.3
3827


218
121
16.0
0.593
Van
A3
1986
328
0.314
21.0
16.7
19.4
17.8
518.2
443.8
499.3
3843


204
115
15.8
0.597
Van
A3
1987
287
0.257
19.3
15.3
17.6
16.3
561.3
479.6
545.7
4098


240
137
14.8
0.593
Van
A3
1988
199
0.176
19.4
15.3
17.5
16.3
553.2
482.5
545.2
4172


247
139
15.1
0.578
Van
A3
1989
262
0.205
20.8
16.3
18.8
17.4
522.8
451.2
510.1
3899


208
131
14.7
0.667
Van
A3
1990
53
0.042
18.7
14.8
16.4
15.6
591.0
528.9
571.1
4326


260
151
12.9
0.615
Van
A3
1991
19
0.018
17.3
13.8
14.9
14.3
642.4
593.8
620.8
4609


276
142
14.1
0.527
Van
A3
1992
23
0.019
16.4
12.9
14.4
13.6
688.5
613.2
654.7
4897


307
174
12.4
0.564
Van
A3
1993
24
0.017
16.6
13.0
14.6
13.7
683.7
606.6
647.4
5074


303
160
12.4
0.526
Van
A3
1994
30
0.021
16.4
12.7
14.4
13.5
699.2
614.3
658.0
4956


307
175
11.6
0.568
Van
A3
1995
27
0.016
16.3
12.6
14.2
13.4
703.6
623.7
665.1
5030


305
168
12.3
0.549
Van
A3
1996
23
0.016
15.9
12.1
14.0
13.0
734.0
633.0
683.0
5066


305
170
12.8
0.554
Van
A3
1997
5
0.004
16.0
12.1
14.2
13.1
737.1
627.7
679.6
4500


318
215
10.0
0.676
Van
A3
1998
















Van
A3
1999
















Van
A3
2000
















Van
A3
2001
















Van
A3
2002
















Van
A3
2003
















Van
A3
2004
















Van
A3
2005
















Van
A3
2006
















Van
A3
2007
















Van
A3
2008
















Van
A3
2009
















Van
A3
2010
















Van
A3
2011
















Van
A3
2012
















Van
A3
2013
















Van
A3
2014
















Van
A3
2015
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-81	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
OT
2015















Car SUV
OT
2016
0.0734
253.2



100.0%









Car SUV
OT
2017
0.1327
259.2


0.0%
100.0%









Car SUV
OT
2018
0.1301
211.4


0.7%
99.3%









Van
A3
1975















Van
A3
1976















Van
A3
1977















Van
A3
1978















Van
A3
1979
0.0321
25.9




100.0%
99.6%


0.4%




Van
A3
1980
0.0294
30.3




100.0%
96.8%


3.2%




Van
A3
1981
0.0290
30.8




100.0%
97.3%


2.7%




Van
A3
1982
0.0299
30.1




100.0%
98.6%


1.4%




Van
A3
1983
0.0304
29.6


0.4%

99.6%
97.0%


2.6%
0.4%



Van
A3
1984
0.0319
30.6


39.7%

60.3%
97.5%


2.1%
0.5%



Van
A3
1985
0.0314
31.9


59.2%

40.8%
98.5%


1.5%




Van
A3
1986
0.0299
34.5


66.3%

33.7%
99.1%

0.9%





Van
A3
1987
0.0329
33.8


43.2%

56.8%
58.8%

16.7%
24.5%




Van
A3
1988
0.0329
34.6


38.1%

61.9%
1.3%

29.9%
68.8%




Van
A3
1989
0.0334
34.5


64.6%

35.4%


46.7%
53.3%




Van
A3
1990
0.0352
33.8


16.3%
6.7%
77.0%


70.3%
29.7%




Van
A3
1991
0.0307
33.0




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1992
0.0358
33.5




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1993
0.0318
34.9



1.0%
99.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1994
0.0359
33.5




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1995
0.0339
33.7




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1996
0.0342
33.0




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1997
0.0478
29.4




100.0%


100.0%





Van
A3
1998















Van
A3
1999















Van
A3
2000















Van
A3
2001















Van
A3
2002















Van
A3
2003















Van
A3
2004















Van
A3
2005















Van
A3
2006















Van
A3
2007















Van
A3
2008















Van
A3
2009















Van
A3
2010















Van
A3
2011















Van
A3
2012















Van
A3
2013















Van
A3
2014















Van
A3
2015















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-82	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
A3
2016
















Van
A3
2017
















Van
A3
2018
















Van
A4
1975
















Van
A4
1976
















Van
A4
1977
















Van
A4
1978
















Van
A4
1979
















Van
A4
1980
















Van
A4
1981
















Van
A4
1982
















Van
A4
1983
















Van
A4
1984
















Van
A4
1985
















Van
A4
1986
















Van
A4
1987
















Van
A4
1988
















Van
A4
1989
















Van
A4
1990
6
0.005
14.5
11.2
13.5
12.2
792.9
656.0
729.0
4709


348
184
11.2
0.530
Van
A4
1991
3
0.003
14.4
11.1
13.2
12.0
801.9
673.1
740.3
4640


344
182
11.3
0.530
Van
A4
1992
1
0.001
13.6
10.4
12.5
11.3
857.2
709.8
785.2
4856


360
203
10.5
0.564
Van
A4
1993
















Van
A4
1994
















Van
A4
1995
















Van
A4
1996
















Van
A4
1997
















Van
A4
1998
















Van
A4
1999
















Van
A4
2000
















Van
A4
2001
















Van
A4
2002
















Van
A4
2003
















Van
A4
2004
















Van
A4
2005
















Van
A4
2006
















Van
A4
2007
















Van
A4
2008
















Van
A4
2009
















Van
A4
2010
















Van
A4
2011
















Van
A4
2012
















Van
A4
2013
















Van
A4
2014
















Van
A4
2015
















Van
A4
2016
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-83	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
A3
2016















Van
A3
2017















Van
A3
2018















Van
A4
1975















Van
A4
1976















Van
A4
1977















Van
A4
1978















Van
A4
1979















Van
A4
1980















Van
A4
1981















Van
A4
1982















Van
A4
1983















Van
A4
1984















Van
A4
1985















Van
A4
1986















Van
A4
1987















Van
A4
1988















Van
A4
1989















Van
A4
1990
0.0393
28.7




100.0%



100.0%




Van
A4
1991
0.0394
27.9




100.0%



100.0%




Van
A4
1992
0.0421
27.4




100.0%



100.0%




Van
A4
1993















Van
A4
1994















Van
A4
1995















Van
A4
1996















Van
A4
1997















Van
A4
1998















Van
A4
1999















Van
A4
2000















Van
A4
2001















Van
A4
2002















Van
A4
2003















Van
A4
2004















Van
A4
2005















Van
A4
2006















Van
A4
2007















Van
A4
2008















Van
A4
2009















Van
A4
2010















Van
A4
2011















Van
A4
2012















Van
A4
2013















Van
A4
2014















Van
A4
2015















Van
A4
2016















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-84	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
A4
2017
















Van
A4
2018
















Van
CVT
1975
















Van
CVT
1976
















Van
CVT
1977
















Van
CVT
1978
















Van
CVT
1979
















Van
CVT
1980
















Van
CVT
1981
















Van
CVT
1982
















Van
CVT
1983
















Van
CVT
1984
















Van
CVT
1985
















Van
CVT
1986
















Van
CVT
1987
















Van
CVT
1988
















Van
CVT
1989
















Van
CVT
1990
















Van
CVT
1991
















Van
CVT
1992
















Van
CVT
1993
















Van
CVT
1994
















Van
CVT
1995
















Van
CVT
1996
















Van
CVT
1997
















Van
CVT
1998
















Van
CVT
1999
















Van
CVT
2000
















Van
CVT
2001
















Van
CVT
2002
















Van
CVT
2003
















Van
CVT
2004
















Van
CVT
2005
76
0.051
25.4
17.3
23.2
20.2
514.5
381.4
439.6
4239


182
203
9.3
1.115
Van
CVT
2006
55
0.047
25.7
17.4
23.6
20.5
509.8
375.8
434.2
4181


182
203
9.2
1.115
Van
CVT
2007
38
0.045
25.7
17.4
23.6
20.5
508.9
374.8
433.3
4168


182
203
9.3
1.115
Van
CVT
2008
















Van
CVT
2009
















Van
CVT
2010
















Van
CVT
2011
16
0.031
27.1
18.5
24.3
21.4
480.0
366.0
415.0
4500
55.7

214
260
8.1
1.215
Van
CVT
2012
21
0.032
27.4
18.8
24.4
21.6
473.7
364.1
411.2
4500
55.7

214
265
8.0
1.241
Van
CVT
2013
17
0.030
29.5
20.3
24.8
22.7
432.9
358.2
392.2
4172
53.2

184
221
9.1
1.186
Van
CVT
2014
19
0.028
30.8
21.3
25.0
23.3
412.2
355.0
381.5
3949
51.5

163
189
9.9
1.138
Van
CVT
2015
53
0.081
33.4
22.9
26.5
24.8
385.1
335.8
358.3
3744
49.8

144
162
10.6
1.108
Van
CVT
2016
18
0.029
32.4
22.0
26.7
24.4
399.4
333.4
363.5
3935
51.4

162
187
9.9
1.136
Van
CVT
2017
36
0.058
34.0
23.5
26.5
25.1
376.7
335.8
354.3
3651
49.1

136
150
10.9
1.095
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-85	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
A4
2017















Van
A4
2018















Van
CVT
1975















Van
CVT
1976















Van
CVT
1977















Van
CVT
1978















Van
CVT
1979















Van
CVT
1980















Van
CVT
1981















Van
CVT
1982















Van
CVT
1983















Van
CVT
1984















Van
CVT
1985















Van
CVT
1986















Van
CVT
1987















Van
CVT
1988















Van
CVT
1989















Van
CVT
1990















Van
CVT
1991















Van
CVT
1992















Van
CVT
1993















Van
CVT
1994















Van
CVT
1995















Van
CVT
1996















Van
CVT
1997















Van
CVT
1998















Van
CVT
1999















Van
CVT
2000















Van
CVT
2001















Van
CVT
2002















Van
CVT
2003















Van
CVT
2004















Van
CVT
2005
0.0481
42.8


52.1%
47.9%



100.0%


100.0%


Van
CVT
2006
0.0487
42.8


63.9%
36.1%



100.0%


100.0%


Van
CVT
2007
0.0489
42.7


66.4%
33.6%



100.0%


100.0%


Van
CVT
2008















Van
CVT
2009















Van
CVT
2010















Van
CVT
2011
0.0578
48.2


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2012
0.0589
48.6


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2013
0.0518
47.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2014
0.0466
45.8


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2015
0.0424
46.3


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2016
0.0463
47.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
CVT
2017
0.0405
45.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-86	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
CVT
2018
-
0.058
34.8
24.0
26.0
25.1
370.0
341.8
353.9
3500
47.9

122
131
11.4
1.073
Van
L10
1975
















Van
L10
1976
















Van
L10
1977
















Van
L10
1978
















Van
L10
1979
















Van
L10
1980
















Van
L10
1981
















Van
L10
1982
















Van
L10
1983
















Van
L10
1984
















Van
L10
1985
















Van
L10
1986
















Van
L10
1987
















Van
L10
1988
















Van
L10
1989
















Van
L10
1990
















Van
L10
1991
















Van
L10
1992
















Van
L10
1993
















Van
L10
1994
















Van
L10
1995
















Van
L10
1996
















Van
L10
1997
















Van
L10
1998
















Van
L10
1999
















Van
L10
2000
















Van
L10
2001
















Van
L10
2002
















Van
L10
2003
















Van
L10
2004
















Van
L10
2005
















Van
L10
2006
















Van
L10
2007
















Van
L10
2008
















Van
L10
2009
















Van
L10
2010
















Van
L10
2011
















Van
L10
2012
















Van
L10
2013
















Van
L10
2014
















Van
L10
2015
















Van
L10
2016
















Van
L10
2017
















Van
L10
2018
-
0.075
29.4
19.3
27.7
23.4
459.6
320.4
380.3
4771
55.2

214
280
7.2
1.311
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-87	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
CVT
2018
0.0374
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L10
1975















Van
L10
1976















Van
L10
1977















Van
L10
1978















Van
L10
1979















Van
L10
1980















Van
L10
1981















Van
L10
1982















Van
L10
1983















Van
L10
1984















Van
L10
1985















Van
L10
1986















Van
L10
1987















Van
L10
1988















Van
L10
1989















Van
L10
1990















Van
L10
1991















Van
L10
1992















Van
L10
1993















Van
L10
1994















Van
L10
1995















Van
L10
1996















Van
L10
1997















Van
L10
1998















Van
L10
1999















Van
L10
2000















Van
L10
2001















Van
L10
2002















Van
L10
2003















Van
L10
2004















Van
L10
2005















Van
L10
2006















Van
L10
2007















Van
L10
2008















Van
L10
2009















Van
L10
2010















Van
L10
2011















Van
L10
2012















Van
L10
2013















Van
L10
2014















Van
L10
2015















Van
L10
2016















Van
L10
2017















Van
L10
2018
0.0589
55.7


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-88	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L3
1975
















Van
L3
1976
















Van
L3
1977
















Van
L3
1978
















Van
L3
1979
33
0.068
14.7
12.0
13.0
12.4
726.4
661.3
714.7
4227


301
136
15.6
0.452
Van
L3
1980
94
0.390
16.6
13.3
15.3
14.1
663.5
578.5
630.5
4283


297
139
15.8
0.471
Van
L3
1981
114
0.466
17.6
14.1
16.3
15.0
627.6
542.2
592.3
4307


285
138
16.0
0.482
Van
L3
1982
142
0.458
17.9
14.4
16.5
15.2
616.1
537.5
582.9
4315


286
142
16.8
0.493
Van
L3
1983
26
0.068
19.7
15.9
17.8
16.7
556.8
497.6
531.6
4000


225
95
19.2
0.422
Van
L3
1984
101
0.149
18.4
14.6
17.0
15.6
593.2
514.6
569.3
4208


266
131
16.0
0.499
Van
L3
1985
150
0.175
17.2
13.8
15.6
14.6
630.1
558.3
609.1
4369


285
149
14.6
0.531
Van
L3
1986
183
0.175
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
621.8
547.1
598.6
4365


288
146
14.2
0.518
Van
L3
1987
228
0.205
22.0
17.1
20.7
18.6
506.7
421.4
478.3
3773


207
138
14.0
0.702
Van
L3
1988
367
0.324
22.7
17.3
22.0
19.2
510.7
400.4
463.3
3853


194
143
13.9
0.760
Van
L3
1989
111
0.087
20.9
16.1
19.6
17.6
541.1
445.4
505.6
3871


215
138
13.7
0.682
Van
L3
1990
308
0.244
23.3
17.7
21.9
19.5
496.6
399.6
455.3
3789


186
125
13.8
0.677
Van
L3
1991
225
0.218
23.5
17.9
21.7
19.6
491.9
404.1
453.9
3893


183
125
14.2
0.687
Van
L3
1992
258
0.211
24.0
18.1
22.3
19.9
488.8
395.6
445.6
3902


179
129
13.6
0.718
Van
L3
1993
274
0.190
24.6
18.2
23.1
20.4
486.3
382.1
436.0
3632


179
132
12.0
0.737
Van
L3
1994
259
0.182
23.0
17.2
21.2
19.0
513.2
414.4
467.9
3800


190
142
11.8
0.745
Van
L3
1995
226
0.136
24.4
18.0
22.5
20.0
491.6
391.3
443.7
3647


184
136
12.0
0.737
Van
L3
1996
243
0.172
23.7
17.4
21.9
19.5
508.4
401.2
456.7
4042


182
153
12.2
0.845
Van
L3
1997
204
0.161
23.5
17.0
21.7
19.2
518.9
404.5
463.2
4047


183
149
12.4
0.822
Van
L3
1998
113
0.076
24.1
17.3
22.5
19.7
511.0
386.9
451.0
4059


173
153
12.6
0.898
Van
L3
1999
78
0.054
23.7
17.0
21.7
19.2
517.9
398.1
462.2
4112


168
155
12.6
0.953
Van
L3
2000
76
0.045
24.1
17.1
22.1
19.5
512.7
390.4
455.3
4097


165
155
12.0
0.961
Van
L3
2001
39
0.031
23.0
16.6
20.4
18.5
527.7
422.6
480.5
4136


172
156
11.8
0.941
Van
L3
2002
17
0.014
21.5
15.4
19.0
17.2
565.5
451.2
516.7
4219


186
160
11.9
0.896
Van
L3
2003
5
0.004
17.7
13.2
14.8
14.1
671.0
602.0
632.5
4516


239
175
11.4
0.732
Van
L3
2004
















Van
L3
2005
















Van
L3
2006
















Van
L3
2007
















Van
L3
2008
















Van
L3
2009
















Van
L3
2010
















Van
L3
2011
















Van
L3
2012
















Van
L3
2013
















Van
L3
2014
















Van
L3
2015
















Van
L3
2016
















Van
L3
2017
















Van
L3
2018
















Van
L4
1975
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-89	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L3
1975















Van
L3
1976















Van
L3
1977















Van
L3
1978















Van
L3
1979
0.0322
26.6




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L3
1980
0.0325
30.2




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L3
1981
0.0318
32.4




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L3
1982
0.0327
32.9




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L3
1983
0.0238
33.5




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L3
1984
0.0309
32.9


8.3%

91.7%
100.0%







Van
L3
1985
0.0340
32.0


7.4%

92.6%
100.0%







Van
L3
1986
0.0333
32.4


8.3%

91.7%
100.0%







Van
L3
1987
0.0368
35.3


72.9%

27.1%
31.8%

68.2%





Van
L3
1988
0.0374
37.1


87.8%

12.2%


87.8%
12.2%




Van
L3
1989
0.0360
34.2


63.5%

36.5%


63.5%
36.5%




Van
L3
1990
0.0331
37.2


90.1%

9.9%


30.6%
69.4%




Van
L3
1991
0.0320
38.3


90.8%

9.2%


39.1%
60.9%




Van
L3
1992
0.0329
39.1


94.0%

6.0%


63.0%
37.0%




Van
L3
1993
0.0365
37.1


96.8%

3.2%


72.7%
27.3%




Van
L3
1994
0.0374
36.2


78.6%

21.4%


75.0%
25.0%




Van
L3
1995
0.0374
36.6


91.2%

8.8%


69.3%
30.7%




Van
L3
1996
0.0378
39.6


90.2%

9.8%


100.0%


12.9%


Van
L3
1997
0.0367
39.1


86.5%

13.5%


100.0%


18.3%


Van
L3
1998
0.0377
40.3


88.4%

11.6%


100.0%


43.6%


Van
L3
1999
0.0378
40.0


78.5%

21.5%


100.0%


78.5%


Van
L3
2000
0.0377
40.5


81.2%

18.8%


100.0%


81.2%


Van
L3
2001
0.0378
38.8


74.1%

25.9%


100.0%


74.1%


Van
L3
2002
0.0380
36.9


58.1%

41.9%


100.0%


58.1%


Van
L3
2003
0.0388
31.7




100.0%


100.0%





Van
L3
2004















Van
L3
2005















Van
L3
2006















Van
L3
2007















Van
L3
2008















Van
L3
2009















Van
L3
2010















Van
L3
2011















Van
L3
2012















Van
L3
2013















Van
L3
2014















Van
L3
2015















Van
L3
2016















Van
L3
2017















Van
L3
2018















Van
L4
1975















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-90	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L4
1976
















Van
L4
1977
















Van
L4
1978
















Van
L4
1979
















Van
L4
1980
















Van
L4
1981
0
0.000
15.9
12.7
14.7
13.5
697.8
605.1
656.1
4500


302
142
15.3
0.470
Van
L4
1982
















Van
L4
1983
201
0.525
18.2
14.3
17.3
15.5
622.6
516.0
577.9
4569


306
151
14.6
0.495
Van
L4
1984
207
0.307
19.0
14.8
18.3
16.2
581.3
479.8
550.2
4363


276
136
15.4
0.517
Van
L4
1985
255
0.299
19.9
15.4
19.2
16.9
556.5
449.5
525.3
4106


259
138
14.5
0.556
Van
L4
1986
445
0.426
21.1
16.2
20.5
17.9
539.3
429.2
495.6
4064


234
134
14.2
0.593
Van
L4
1987
526
0.472
21.0
16.0
20.4
17.8
548.0
431.7
500.3
4053


237
151
13.3
0.665
Van
L4
1988
524
0.463
20.7
15.6
20.3
17.5
562.8
434.2
507.8
4182


251
155
13.3
0.641
Van
L4
1989
867
0.679
21.2
15.9
20.7
17.9
551.5
424.7
497.9
4144


234
153
13.0
0.681
Van
L4
1990
872
0.691
20.8
15.5
20.3
17.5
564.9
431.5
508.9
4196


238
158
12.0
0.686
Van
L4
1991
772
0.747
21.0
15.6
20.3
17.6
562.8
432.7
505.5
4196


230
156
12.2
0.708
Van
L4
1992
919
0.753
21.0
15.5
20.2
17.5
566.5
433.4
507.5
4217


234
159
11.9
0.702
Van
L4
1993
1127
0.782
21.4
15.6
20.8
17.8
562.6
423.3
498.3
4206


226
161
11.0
0.733
Van
L4
1994
1123
0.792
21.3
15.5
20.6
17.7
566.3
425.5
501.5
4221


233
163
10.8
0.720
Van
L4
1995
1406
0.846
21.6
15.5
21.0
17.9
566.1
417.8
496.0
4166


237
162
11.0
0.707
Van
L4
1996
1143
0.811
22.1
15.7
21.5
18.3
559.1
408.9
486.5
4211


227
174
11.1
0.783
Van
L4
1997
1038
0.821
21.9
15.6
21.1
18.0
566.7
416.0
492.4
4277


227
179
11.0
0.801
Van
L4
1998
1375
0.924
22.6
15.9
21.9
18.6
553.9
401.7
477.3
4193


221
182
11.0
0.835
Van
L4
1999
1385
0.946
22.2
15.5
21.5
18.2
567.4
408.6
487.6
4317


226
184
11.1
0.825
Van
L4
2000
1615
0.955
22.7
15.8
21.8
18.6
558.4
402.7
478.6
4284


219
184
10.5
0.853
Van
L4
2001
1194
0.969
22.1
15.3
21.1
18.0
570.2
411.2
492.9
4531


231
203
10.0
0.896
Van
L4
2002
1028
0.827
23.1
15.9
21.9
18.7
553.0
399.8
474.6
4352


219
195
10.3
0.901
Van
L4
2003
977
0.793
23.6
16.1
22.3
19.1
546.2
392.7
466.0
4356


222
196
10.1
0.891
Van
L4
2004
505
0.530
23.2
15.7
22.1
18.7
563.6
397.4
474.6
4444


230
201
10.1
0.882
Van
L4
2005
952
0.643
23.7
15.9
22.4
19.1
556.0
393.9
466.5
4381


222
198
10.0
0.896
Van
L4
2006
657
0.563
23.6
15.8
22.4
19.0
560.0
393.4
468.0
4491


224
198
10.2
0.891
Van
L4
2007
406
0.479
23.4
15.6
22.5
18.9
566.0
393.0
469.4
4488


227
204
10.2
0.901
Van
L4
2008
213
0.270
23.8
16.0
22.6
19.2
553.9
389.3
463.0
4601
53.8

225
204
10.5
0.902
Van
L4
2009
80
0.218
23.9
16.1
22.4
19.2
549.9
390.9
463.7
4645
56.1

217
206
10.1
0.960
Van
L4
2010
125
0.223
25.6
17.4
23.3
20.3
498.5
378.7
436.8
4305
53.8

188
173
11.2
0.947
Van
L4
2011
45
0.087
24.8
17.2
21.8
19.6
490.5
392.2
454.0
4259
54.1

187
179
11.1
1.024
Van
L4
2012
62
0.093
24.9
17.2
22.3
19.8
494.1
383.4
449.4
4253
54.4

188
176
11.3
0.992
Van
L4
2013
61
0.107
26.0
18.0
23.1
20.6
475.6
370.8
432.0
4081
52.9

173
168
11.3
1.026
Van
L4
2014
22
0.033
19.0
13.2
17.5
15.4
668.8
503.9
578.0
5397
63.9

289
240
10.2
0.823
Van
L4
2015
















Van
L4
2016
















Van
L4
2017
















Van
L4
2018
















Van
L5
1975
















Van
L5
1976
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-91	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L4
1976















Van
L4
1977















Van
L4
1978















Van
L4
1979















Van
L4
1980















Van
L4
1981
0.0316
30.5




100.0%
100.0%







Van
L4
1982















Van
L4
1983
0.0331
35.8




100.0%
91.9%



8.1%



Van
L4
1984
0.0310
35.7




100.0%
81.1%

15.9%

3.0%



Van
L4
1985
0.0337
35.2


0.1%

99.9%
82.8%

15.3%
0.9%
1.0%



Van
L4
1986
0.0329
36.5


0.1%

99.9%
18.6%

44.0%
37.0%
0.4%



Van
L4
1987
0.0372
36.1



0.9%
99.1%


50.9%
48.9%
0.2%



Van
L4
1988
0.0372
36.6



0.2%
99.8%


45.0%
54.8%
0.2%



Van
L4
1989
0.0369
37.2


21.7%
0.4%
77.9%


60.4%
39.5%
0.1%



Van
L4
1990
0.0376
36.9


33.6%
8.8%
57.6%


67.1%
32.8%
0.1%



Van
L4
1991
0.0373
37.1


24.5%
13.9%
61.5%


69.1%
30.8%
0.1%



Van
L4
1992
0.0377
37.1


32.5%
7.1%
60.4%


73.6%
26.4%
0.1%



Van
L4
1993
0.0383
37.6


39.2%
5.8%
55.0%


80.3%
19.7%




Van
L4
1994
0.0387
37.6


47.5%
8.1%
44.4%


82.4%
17.6%

4.3%


Van
L4
1995
0.0390
37.4


57.7%
10.7%
31.6%


90.0%
10.0%

5.3%


Van
L4
1996
0.0415
38.6


71.8%
2.9%
25.3%


100.0%


4.3%


Van
L4
1997
0.0419
38.6


61.9%
4.9%
33.2%


100.0%


4.1%


Van
L4
1998
0.0435
39.1


77.5%
3.5%
19.0%


100.0%


7.6%


Van
L4
1999
0.0427
39.4


75.9%
2.9%
21.2%


100.0%


8.7%
8.7%

Van
L4
2000
0.0430
39.9


80.6%
2.8%
16.6%


100.0%


18.8%
15.7%

Van
L4
2001
0.0449
41.1


69.1%
8.9%
21.9%


100.0%


20.9%
17.5%

Van
L4
2002
0.0448
41.0


81.7%
3.7%
14.6%


100.0%


14.1%
10.8%

Van
L4
2003
0.0450
41.7


79.8%
6.3%
13.9%


100.0%


7.0%
4.4%

Van
L4
2004
0.0453
41.7


79.9%
4.1%
16.0%


100.0%


10.0%
8.8%

Van
L4
2005
0.0452
41.8


89.5%
2.1%
8.3%


100.0%


3.5%
1.3%

Van
L4
2006
0.0442
42.7


88.0%
1.9%
10.1%


100.0%


5.4%
3.4%

Van
L4
2007
0.0454
42.5


92.2%
1.0%
6.8%


100.0%


2.0%
17.4%

Van
L4
2008
0.0442
44.2


86.7%
1.9%
11.4%


100.0%



36.3%

Van
L4
2009
0.0443
44.6


81.2%
3.1%
15.7%


100.0%





Van
L4
2010
0.0399
43.7


88.0%
2.5%
9.6%


100.0%


29.6%
5.2%

Van
L4
2011
0.0415
41.6


61.9%
6.7%
31.4%


100.0%


63.0%
13.5%

Van
L4
2012
0.0407
42.0


59.3%
5.3%
35.4%


100.0%


59.3%
10.7%

Van
L4
2013
0.0405
41.9


69.6%
5.5%
24.9%


100.0%


69.6%
10.2%

Van
L4
2014
0.0441
41.5



18.8%
81.2%


100.0%



34.8%

Van
L4
2015















Van
L4
2016















Van
L4
2017















Van
L4
2018















Van
L5
1975















Van
L5
1976















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-92	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L5
1977
















Van
L5
1978
















Van
L5
1979
















Van
L5
1980
















Van
L5
1981
















Van
L5
1982
















Van
L5
1983
















Van
L5
1984
















Van
L5
1985
















Van
L5
1986
















Van
L5
1987
















Van
L5
1988
















Van
L5
1989
















Van
L5
1990
















Van
L5
1991
















Van
L5
1992
















Van
L5
1993
















Van
L5
1994
















Van
L5
1995
















Van
L5
1996
















Van
L5
1997
17
0.014
20.4
14.6
19.5
16.8
609.0
453.4
528.9
4236


244
160
11.4
0.656
Van
L5
1998
















Van
L5
1999
















Van
L5
2000
















Van
L5
2001
















Van
L5
2002
199
0.160
23.0
15.8
22.0
18.7
561.2
399.3
475.1
4625


212
228
9.3
1.075
Van
L5
2003
250
0.203
23.2
15.8
22.1
18.8
561.7
398.2
473.3
4536


208
225
9.2
1.080
Van
L5
2004
448
0.470
24.3
16.3
23.4
19.7
542.4
378.7
451.6
4534


206
228
9.2
1.107
Van
L5
2005
454
0.306
24.4
16.2
23.5
19.7
544.6
376.5
451.1
4564


207
232
9.1
1.121
Van
L5
2006
455
0.390
25.1
16.7
24.1
20.3
531.2
367.5
438.8
4489


209
231
9.1
1.102
Van
L5
2007
403
0.476
24.8
16.6
23.7
20.0
535.8
374.0
444.2
4500


215
249
8.7
1.161
Van
L5
2008
342
0.433
25.5
17.0
24.2
20.5
520.3
366.0
433.9
4454
54.6

211
247
8.8
1.173
Van
L5
2009
186
0.504
25.8
17.2
24.4
20.7
512.3
363.0
429.1
4519
53.9

205
241
8.9
1.170
Van
L5
2010
203
0.363
25.7
17.1
24.5
20.6
517.7
362.5
431.0
4598
53.9

208
242
9.0
1.164
Van
L5
2011
82
0.158
27.4
17.8
27.0
22.1
498.9
328.9
402.2
4502
55.9

214
248
8.7
1.158
Van
L5
2012
145
0.219
28.4
18.5
27.2
22.6
477.2
327.0
393.0
4285
53.6

201
228
9.0
1.132
Van
L5
2013
87
0.152
28.1
18.3
27.1
22.5
483.1
327.3
395.5
4345
54.2

204
234
8.9
1.140
Van
L5
2014
11
0.016
32.0
21.4
27.6
24.5
412.8
320.5
362.1
3521
45.2

155
158
10.3
1.027
Van
L5
2015
9
0.014
32.4
21.6
27.8
24.8
410.9
319.4
358.7
3500
45.0

153
157
10.3
1.029
Van
L5
2016
















Van
L5
2017
















Van
L5
2018
















Van
L6
1975
















Van
L6
1976
















Van
L6
1977
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-93	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L5
1977















Van
L5
1978















Van
L5
1979















Van
L5
1980















Van
L5
1981















Van
L5
1982















Van
L5
1983















Van
L5
1984















Van
L5
1985















Van
L5
1986















Van
L5
1987















Van
L5
1988















Van
L5
1989















Van
L5
1990















Van
L5
1991















Van
L5
1992















Van
L5
1993















Van
L5
1994















Van
L5
1995















Van
L5
1996















Van
L5
1997
0.0379
35.6



47.3%
52.7%


100.0%





Van
L5
1998















Van
L5
1999















Van
L5
2000















Van
L5
2001















Van
L5
2002
0.0496
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
75.0%

Van
L5
2003
0.0499
42.7


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
79.4%

Van
L5
2004
0.0504
44.7


94.2%
5.8%



100.0%


100.0%
88.1%

Van
L5
2005
0.0511
45.1


94.7%
5.3%



100.0%


100.0%
79.0%

Van
L5
2006
0.0514
45.6


95.4%
4.6%



100.0%


100.0%
88.5%

Van
L5
2007
0.0553
45.1


98.0%
2.0%



100.0%


100.0%
84.9%

Van
L5
2008
0.0554
45.7


96.2%
3.8%



100.0%


100.0%
88.3%

Van
L5
2009
0.0532
46.8


97.0%
3.0%



100.0%


100.0%
89.9%

Van
L5
2010
0.0526
47.4


97.2%
2.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L5
2011
0.0551
49.8


99.9%

0.1%


100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

Van
L5
2012
0.0529
48.3


99.9%

0.1%


100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

Van
L5
2013
0.0535
48.7


99.9%

0.1%


100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

Van
L5
2014
0.0449
43.3


99.3%

0.7%


100.0%


99.3%
99.3%

Van
L5
2015
0.0449
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L5
2016















Van
L5
2017















Van
L5
2018















Van
L6
1975















Van
L6
1976















Van
L6
1977















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-94	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L6
1978
















Van
L6
1979
















Van
L6
1980
















Van
L6
1981
















Van
L6
1982
















Van
L6
1983
















Van
L6
1984
















Van
L6
1985
















Van
L6
1986
















Van
L6
1987
















Van
L6
1988
















Van
L6
1989
















Van
L6
1990
















Van
L6
1991
















Van
L6
1992
















Van
L6
1993
















Van
L6
1994
















Van
L6
1995
















Van
L6
1996
















Van
L6
1997
















Van
L6
1998
















Van
L6
1999
















Van
L6
2000
















Van
L6
2001
















Van
L6
2002
















Van
L6
2003
















Van
L6
2004
















Van
L6
2005
















Van
L6
2006
















Van
L6
2007
















Van
L6
2008
234
0.296
24.1
16.0
23.2
19.5
554.1
382.2
456.6
4570
53.9

229
199
10.0
0.871
Van
L6
2009
101
0.275
24.3
16.1
23.5
19.6
549.7
378.2
452.5
4623
54.5

233
195
9.9
0.839
Van
L6
2010
230
0.412
24.2
16.1
23.4
19.6
552.0
379.6
454.3
4606
54.7

235
208
9.5
0.887
Van
L6
2011
378
0.725
26.2
17.5
24.4
20.9
505.9
363.5
425.8
4531
55.5

214
271
8.0
1.262
Van
L6
2012
433
0.654
26.3
17.5
24.9
21.1
507.0
356.8
422.2
4521
55.2

216
274
8.0
1.267
Van
L6
2013
405
0.709
25.9
17.2
24.7
20.8
515.6
359.9
427.6
4672
55.2

217
277
8.0
1.279
Van
L6
2014
619
0.921
26.8
17.8
25.4
21.5
497.3
349.1
414.2
4490
55.1

213
265
8.1
1.245
Van
L6
2015
582
0.889
26.9
17.9
25.3
21.5
494.5
350.0
414.2
4508
55.3

210
261
8.2
1.243
Van
L6
2016
589
0.936
26.9
17.9
25.4
21.5
494.7
348.2
413.1
4494
55.3

210
261
8.2
1.243
Van
L6
2017
249
0.404
26.3
17.5
25.1
21.1
506.0
351.5
420.7
4481
55.1

209
264
8.2
1.260
Van
L6
2018
-
0.263
26.5
17.7
24.8
21.1
500.5
356.0
420.5
4433
54.8

202
257
8.3
1.266
Van
L7
1975
















Van
L7
1976
















Van
L7
1977
















Van
L7
1978
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-95	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L6
1978















Van
L6
1979















Van
L6
1980















Van
L6
1981















Van
L6
1982















Van
L6
1983















Van
L6
1984















Van
L6
1985















Van
L6
1986















Van
L6
1987















Van
L6
1988















Van
L6
1989















Van
L6
1990















Van
L6
1991















Van
L6
1992















Van
L6
1993















Van
L6
1994















Van
L6
1995















Van
L6
1996















Van
L6
1997















Van
L6
1998















Van
L6
1999















Van
L6
2000















Van
L6
2001















Van
L6
2002















Van
L6
2003















Van
L6
2004















Van
L6
2005















Van
L6
2006















Van
L6
2007















Van
L6
2008
0.0434
44.6


93.7%
6.3%



100.0%


31.9%


Van
L6
2009
0.0420
45.5


98.8%
1.2%



100.0%


29.7%
5.1%

Van
L6
2010
0.0451
45.2


100.0%




100.0%


21.1%


Van
L6
2011
0.0598
47.3


92.8%
7.0%
0.2%


100.0%


99.8%
100.0%

Van
L6
2012
0.0606
47.6


95.8%
4.0%
0.3%


100.0%


99.7%
100.0%

Van
L6
2013
0.0595
48.6


94.8%
5.0%
0.2%


100.0%


99.8%
100.0%

Van
L6
2014
0.0590
48.2


96.4%
3.4%
0.2%

0.3%
99.7%


99.8%
100.0%

Van
L6
2015
0.0578
48.4


93.4%
5.1%
1.4%

5.5%
94.5%


99.6%
100.0%

Van
L6
2016
0.0580
48.4


96.0%
2.6%
1.5%

9.1%
90.9%


99.9%
100.0%

Van
L6
2017
0.0587
47.4


96.5%
0.4%
3.1%

15.0%
85.0%


99.5%
100.0%

Van
L6
2018
0.0578
46.8


96.4%

3.6%

21.1%
78.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L7
1975















Van
L7
1976















Van
L7
1977















Van
L7
1978















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-96	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L7
1979
















Van
L7
19S0
















Van
L7
19S1
















Van
L7
19S2
















Van
L7
19S3
















Van
L7
19S4
















Van
L7
19S5
















Van
L7
19S6
















Van
L7
19S7
















Van
L7
19SS
















Van
L7
19S9
















Van
L7
1990
















Van
L7
1991
















Van
L7
1992
















Van
L7
1993
















Van
L7
1994
















Van
L7
1995
















Van
L7
1996
















Van
L7
1997
















Van
L7
199S
















Van
L7
1999
















Van
L7
2000
















Van
L7
2001
















Van
L7
2002
















Van
L7
2003
















Van
L7
2004
















Van
L7
2005
















Van
L7
2006
















Van
L7
2007
















Van
L7
200S
















Van
L7
2009
















Van
L7
2010
















Van
L7
2011
















Van
L7
2012
















Van
L7
2013
















Van
L7
2014
















Van
L7
2015
















Van
L7
2016
9
0.014
29.S
20.S
23.S
22.4
427.6
373.4
396.9
4734
57.2

121
20S
9.3
1.712
Van
L7
2017
5
0.009
29.9
20.S
23.9
22.5
426.3
372.0
395.6
4702
57.2

121
20S
9.3
1.712
Van
L7
201S
-
0.016
28.S
19.9
23.6
21.9
445.4
376.0
406.3
4713
57.7

121
20S
9.3
1.712
Van
LS
1975
















Van
LS
1976
















Van
LS
1977
















Van
LS
197S
















Van
LS
1979
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-97	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L7
1979















Van
L7
19S0















Van
L7
19S1















Van
L7
19S2















Van
L7
19S3















Van
L7
19S4















Van
L7
19S5















Van
L7
19S6















Van
L7
19S7















Van
L7
19SS















Van
L7
19S9















Van
L7
1990















Van
L7
1991















Van
L7
1992















Van
L7
1993















Van
L7
1994















Van
L7
1995















Van
L7
1996















Van
L7
1997















Van
L7
199S















Van
L7
1999















Van
L7
2000















Van
L7
2001















Van
L7
2002















Van
L7
2003















Van
L7
2004















Van
L7
2005















Van
L7
2006















Van
L7
2007















Van
L7
200S















Van
L7
2009















Van
L7
2010















Van
L7
2011















Van
L7
2012















Van
L7
2013















Van
L7
2014















Van
L7
2015















Van
L7
2016
0.0441
53.0




100.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Van
L7
2017
0.0444
52.8




100.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Van
L7
201S
0.0443
51.5




100.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Van
LS
1975















Van
LS
1976















Van
LS
1977















Van
LS
197S















Van
LS
1979















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-98	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
LS
19S0
















Van
LS
19S1
















Van
LS
19S2
















Van
LS
19S3
















Van
LS
19S4
















Van
LS
19S5
















Van
LS
19S6
















Van
LS
19S7
















Van
LS
19SS
















Van
LS
19S9
















Van
LS
1990
















Van
LS
1991
















Van
LS
1992
















Van
LS
1993
















Van
LS
1994
















Van
LS
1995
















Van
LS
1996
















Van
LS
1997
















Van
LS
199S
















Van
LS
1999
















Van
LS
2000
















Van
LS
2001
















Van
LS
2002
















Van
LS
2003
















Van
LS
2004
















Van
LS
2005
















Van
LS
2006
















Van
LS
2007
















Van
LS
200S
















Van
LS
2009
















Van
LS
2010
















Van
LS
2011
















Van
LS
2012
















Van
LS
2013
















Van
LS
2014
















Van
LS
2015
















Van
LS
2016
















Van
LS
2017
146
0.237
27.9
18.5
26.3
22.3
479.1
338.0
399.2
4844
56.0

211
295
7.5
1.399
Van
LS
201S
-
0.172
27.9
18.6
26.1
22.2
477.7
340.3
399.8
4852
56.0

211
296
7.5
1.404
Van
L9
1975
















Van
L9
1976
















Van
L9
1977
















Van
L9
197S
















Van
L9
1979
















Van
L9
19S0
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-99	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
LS
19S0















Van
LS
19S1















Van
LS
19S2















Van
LS
19S3















Van
LS
19S4















Van
LS
19S5















Van
LS
19S6















Van
LS
19S7















Van
LS
19SS















Van
LS
19S9















Van
LS
1990















Van
LS
1991















Van
LS
1992















Van
LS
1993















Van
LS
1994















Van
LS
1995















Van
LS
1996















Van
LS
1997















Van
LS
199S















Van
LS
1999















Van
LS
2000















Van
LS
2001















Van
LS
2002















Van
LS
2003















Van
LS
2004















Van
LS
2005















Van
LS
2006















Van
LS
2007















Van
LS
200S















Van
LS
2009















Van
LS
2010















Van
LS
2011















Van
LS
2012















Van
LS
2013















Van
LS
2014















Van
LS
2015















Van
LS
2016















Van
LS
2017
0.0610
53.9


77.9%
22.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
LS
201S
0.0611
53.9


79.0%
21.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L9
1975















Van
L9
1976















Van
L9
1977















Van
L9
197S















Van
L9
1979















Van
L9
19S0















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-100	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
L9
1981
















Van
L9
1982
















Van
L9
1983
















Van
L9
1984
















Van
L9
1985
















Van
L9
1986
















Van
L9
1987
















Van
L9
1988
















Van
L9
1989
















Van
L9
1990
















Van
L9
1991
















Van
L9
1992
















Van
L9
1993
















Van
L9
1994
















Van
L9
1995
















Van
L9
1996
















Van
L9
1997
















Van
L9
1998
















Van
L9
1999
















Van
L9
2000
















Van
L9
2001
















Van
L9
2002
















Van
L9
2003
















Van
L9
2004
















Van
L9
2005
















Van
L9
2006
















Van
L9
2007
















Van
L9
2008
















Van
L9
2009
















Van
L9
2010
















Van
L9
2011
















Van
L9
2012
















Van
L9
2013
















Van
L9
2014
















Van
L9
2015
10
0.016
31.5
21.0
28.4
24.7
423.9
312.4
360.4
3500
51.1

146
180
8.4
1.229
Van
L9
2016
14
0.022
31.5
21.0
28.4
24.7
423.9
312.4
360.4
3500
51.1

146
180
8.4
1.229
Van
L9
2017
177
0.287
29.3
18.6
28.4
23.1
477.2
312.7
383.9
4409
57.4

213
277
7.2
1.295
Van
L9
2018
-
0.385
29.1
18.9
28.1
23.3
468.7
316.5
382.2
4398
55.5

208
272
7.2
1.304
Van
M3
1975
















Van
M3
1976
















Van
M3
1977
















Van
M3
1978
















Van
M3
1979
40
0.083
17.3
14.1
15.7
14.8
620.7
561.2
600.9
4248


264
129
15.4
0.490
Van
M3
1980
29
0.121
19.0
15.1
17.7
16.1
588.3
499.6
550.8
4172


275
126
15.6
0.464
Van
M3
1981
20
0.082
19.9
15.9
18.4
16.9
557.5
481.5
525.5
4166


274
125
15.7
0.461
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-101	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
L9
1981















Van
L9
1982















Van
L9
1983















Van
L9
1984















Van
L9
1985















Van
L9
1986















Van
L9
1987















Van
L9
1988















Van
L9
1989















Van
L9
1990















Van
L9
1991















Van
L9
1992















Van
L9
1993















Van
L9
1994















Van
L9
1995















Van
L9
1996















Van
L9
1997















Van
L9
1998















Van
L9
1999















Van
L9
2000















Van
L9
2001















Van
L9
2002















Van
L9
2003















Van
L9
2004















Van
L9
2005















Van
L9
2006















Van
L9
2007















Van
L9
2008















Van
L9
2009















Van
L9
2010















Van
L9
2011















Van
L9
2012















Van
L9
2013















Van
L9
2014















Van
L9
2015
0.0514
43.2


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L9
2016
0.0514
43.2


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L9
2017
0.0625
51.0


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
L9
2018
0.0617
51.1


100.0%



61.4%
38.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M3
1975















Van
M3
1976















Van
M3
1977















Van
M3
1978















Van
M3
1979
0.0304
31.6




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1980
0.0304
33.7




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1981
0.0301
35.3




100.0%
100.0%







* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-102	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
M3
1982
12
0.039
20.1
16.1
18.4
17.1
551.2
481.0
520.8
4178


276
117
17.4
0.428
Van
M3
1983
11
0.029
19.9
15.9
18.4
17.0
555.6
480.8
524.2
4227


279
118
16.0
0.424
Van
M3
1984
14
0.020
20.7
16.6
19.0
17.6
534.1
464.3
505.1
4096


285
118
15.6
0.414
Van
M3
1985
7
0.008
20.8
16.8
18.7
17.6
525.9
474.5
504.3
4034


287
132
14.2
0.465
Van
M3
1986
5
0.004
20.9
16.9
18.7
17.6
525.6
474.2
503.8
4023


281
136
13.3
0.488
Van
M3
1987
1
0.001
20.6
16.4
18.6
17.4
541.0
476.2
511.5
4069


266
161
12.1
0.605
Van
M3
1988
















Van
M3
1989
















Van
M3
1990
















Van
M3
1991
















Van
M3
1992
















Van
M3
1993
















Van
M3
1994
















Van
M3
1995
















Van
M3
1996
















Van
M3
1997
















Van
M3
1998
















Van
M3
1999
















Van
M3
2000
















Van
M3
2001
















Van
M3
2002
















Van
M3
2003
















Van
M3
2004
















Van
M3
2005
















Van
M3
2006
















Van
M3
2007
















Van
M3
2008
















Van
M3
2009
















Van
M3
2010
















Van
M3
2011
















Van
M3
2012
















Van
M3
2013
















Van
M3
2014
















Van
M3
2015
















Van
M3
2016
















Van
M3
2017
















Van
M3
2018
















Van
M4
1975
















Van
M4
1976
















Van
M4
1977
















Van
M4
1978
















Van
M4
1979
31
0.065
15.0
12.0
13.7
12.7
720.5
624.9
698.1
4224


272
125
16.0
0.470
Van
M4
1980
33
0.139
19.3
15.1
18.6
16.5
588.7
476.1
539.9
3938


207
94
19.0
0.476
Van
M4
1981
34
0.137
19.5
15.5
18.2
16.6
571.1
484.7
534.8
4048


230
99
18.3
0.451
Van
M4
1982
37
0.118
21.1
16.8
19.5
17.9
523.7
460.5
504.1
3928


208
92
20.9
0.463
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-103	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
M3
1982
0.0281
35.6




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1983
0.0279
35.8




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1984
0.0288
36.1




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1985
0.0327
35.6




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1986
0.0337
35.6




100.0%
100.0%







Van
M3
1987
0.0396
35.3




100.0%



100.0%




Van
M3
1988















Van
M3
1989















Van
M3
1990















Van
M3
1991















Van
M3
1992















Van
M3
1993















Van
M3
1994















Van
M3
1995















Van
M3
1996















Van
M3
1997















Van
M3
1998















Van
M3
1999















Van
M3
2000















Van
M3
2001















Van
M3
2002















Van
M3
2003















Van
M3
2004















Van
M3
2005















Van
M3
2006















Van
M3
2007















Van
M3
2008















Van
M3
2009















Van
M3
2010















Van
M3
2011















Van
M3
2012















Van
M3
2013















Van
M3
2014















Van
M3
2015















Van
M3
2016















Van
M3
2017















Van
M3
2018















Van
M4
1975















Van
M4
1976















Van
M4
1977















Van
M4
1978















Van
M4
1979
0.0290
27.2




100.0%
77.9%


22.1%




Van
M4
1980
0.0236
32.5




100.0%
61.3%


38.7%




Van
M4
1981
0.0243
33.8


2.4%

97.6%
72.9%


27.1%




Van
M4
1982
0.0231
35.8




100.0%
63.8%


20.7%
15.6%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-104	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
M4
1983
35
0.090
20.1
15.8
19.1
17.1
558.7
462.9
519.3
3953


217
98
17.9
0.473
Van
M4
1984
50
0.074
21.3
16.7
20.1
18.1
515.1
430.7
491.0
3774


196
100
16.9
0.559
Van
M4
1985
31
0.036
22.5
17.9
20.9
19.2
486.8
417.5
464.2
3752


180
98
17.0
0.600
Van
M4
1986
17
0.016
21.2
16.7
19.6
17.9
520.8
442.9
495.8
3799


191
102
15.7
0.582
Van
M4
1987
13
0.011
20.0
15.7
18.3
16.9
559.1
481.0
527.4
3903


190
107
15.9
0.601
Van
M4
1988
3
0.003
20.6
16.4
18.5
17.3
540.1
479.6
513.3
3885


172
111
16.0
0.666
Van
M4
1989
3
0.002
21.5
17.2
19.0
18.0
516.7
469.0
495.1
4050


168
107
16.2
0.662
Van
M4
1990
3
0.003
21.8
17.6
18.8
18.1
505.4
472.7
490.3
4000


129
90
16.6
0.698
Van
M4
1991
0
0.000
18.5
15.2
15.4
15.3
585.4
578.1
581.4
4311


129
90
17.8
0.698
Van
M4
1992
















Van
M4
1993
















Van
M4
1994
















Van
M4
1995
















Van
M4
1996
















Van
M4
1997
















Van
M4
1998
















Van
M4
1999
















Van
M4
2000
















Van
M4
2001
















Van
M4
2002
















Van
M4
2003
















Van
M4
2004
















Van
M4
2005
















Van
M4
2006
















Van
M4
2007
















Van
M4
2008
















Van
M4
2009
















Van
M4
2010
















Van
M4
2011
















Van
M4
2012
















Van
M4
2013
















Van
M4
2014
















Van
M4
2015
















Van
M4
2016
















Van
M4
2017
















Van
M4
2018
















Van
M5
1975
















Van
M5
1976
















Van
M5
1977
















Van
M5
1978
















Van
M5
1979
















Van
M5
1980
















Van
M5
1981
















Van
M5
1982
















Van
M5
1983
0
0.001
33.9
29.8
27.3
28.6
337.7
365.4
355.6
3198


97
49
25.5
0.505
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-105	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
M4
1983
0.0245
34.0


0.3%

99.7%
69.2%


30.1%
0.6%



Van
M4
1984
0.0265
34.4


17.7%

82.3%
68.0%


31.6%
0.4%



Van
M4
1985
0.0263
36.1


10.4%

89.6%
44.1%


55.5%
0.3%



Van
M4
1986
0.0269
34.4


6.5%

93.5%
44.2%

40.4%
15.0%
0.4%



Van
M4
1987
0.0272
33.0




100.0%
17.4%

76.2%
6.3%
0.1%



Van
M4
1988
0.0284
33.7




100.0%


70.3%
29.1%
0.6%



Van
M4
1989
0.0263
36.5




100.0%


73.7%
25.1%
1.2%



Van
M4
1990
0.0225
36.3



6.6%
93.4%


100.0%





Van
M4
1991
0.0209
32.9



100.0%



100.0%





Van
M4
1992















Van
M4
1993















Van
M4
1994















Van
M4
1995















Van
M4
1996















Van
M4
1997















Van
M4
1998















Van
M4
1999















Van
M4
2000















Van
M4
2001















Van
M4
2002















Van
M4
2003















Van
M4
2004















Van
M4
2005















Van
M4
2006















Van
M4
2007















Van
M4
2008















Van
M4
2009















Van
M4
2010















Van
M4
2011















Van
M4
2012















Van
M4
2013















Van
M4
2014















Van
M4
2015















Van
M4
2016















Van
M4
2017















Van
M4
2018















Van
M5
1975















Van
M5
1976















Van
M5
1977















Van
M5
1978















Van
M5
1979















Van
M5
1980















Van
M5
1981















Van
M5
1982















Van
M5
1983
0.0160
45.5


24.2%

75.8%




100.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-106	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
M5
1984
41
0.061
27.8
21.6
26.7
23.7
409.4
331.1
376.4
3370


130
89
16.7
0.689
Van
M5
1985
47
0.055
27.4
21.3
26.5
23.3
415.8
334.1
380.7
3301


128
95
15.6
0.743
Van
M5
1986
68
0.065
26.0
20.1
24.9
22.1
437.0
353.1
405.2
3377


143
101
14.6
0.708
Van
M5
1987
58
0.052
25.5
19.5
24.7
21.6
450.3
355.8
411.3
3408


147
108
14.4
0.738
Van
M5
1988
39
0.035
24.6
18.5
24.3
20.8
471.9
360.8
426.9
3607


167
116
14.2
0.714
Van
M5
1989
35
0.027
24.1
18.0
23.7
20.4
485.8
369.8
436.6
3673


170
120
13.5
0.724
Van
M5
1990
19
0.015
25.2
18.8
24.4
21.2
464.8
359.7
420.0
3584


159
123
12.3
0.777
Van
M5
1991
14
0.013
23.8
17.8
22.6
19.9
497.2
390.2
447.1
3719


146
117
13.3
0.802
Van
M5
1992
20
0.016
26.3
19.4
25.0
21.9
452.8
351.8
406.7
3407


141
118
12.1
0.854
Van
M5
1993
17
0.012
24.4
17.6
24.1
20.4
498.0
359.7
436.2
3723


156
118
11.8
0.762
Van
M5
1994
7
0.005
25.9
18.7
25.1
21.4
469.1
352.6
414.4
3542


154
115
11.7
0.755
Van
M5
1995
2
0.001
23.9
17.9
21.5
19.6
478.4
396.8
453.5
3942


138
119
12.8
0.874
Van
M5
1996
0
0.000
28.3
20.9
25.5
23.0
423.4
346.2
386.0
3210


133
127
11.2
0.955
Van
M5
1997
















Van
M5
1998
















Van
M5
1999
















Van
M5
2000
















Van
M5
2001
















Van
M5
2002
















Van
M5
2003
















Van
M5
2004
















Van
M5
2005
















Van
M5
2006
















Van
M5
2007
















Van
M5
2008
1
0.001
31.6
21.5
28.0
24.8
413.3
317.5
358.7
3500
45.3

140
153
10.1
1.093
Van
M5
2009
1
0.003
31.6
21.5
28.0
24.8
413.3
318.0
358.9
3500
45.3

140
153
9.9
1.093
Van
M5
2010
1
0.002
31.6
21.5
28.0
24.8
413.3
317.5
358.7
3500
45.1

140
153
10.0
1.093
Van
M5
2011
















Van
M5
2012
















Van
M5
2013
















Van
M5
2014
















Van
M5
2015
















Van
M5
2016
















Van
M5
2017
















Van
M5
2018
















Van
M6
1975
















Van
M6
1976
















Van
M6
1977
















Van
M6
1978
















Van
M6
1979
















Van
M6
1980
















Van
M6
1981
















Van
M6
1982
















Van
M6
1983
















Van
M6
1984
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-107	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
M5
1984
0.0266
39.9


70.9%

29.1%
68.9%

29.1%

1.9%



Van
M5
1985
0.0290
38.5


61.6%
6.3%
32.1%
67.9%

32.0%
0.1%




Van
M5
1986
0.0300
37.3


31.1%
19.7%
49.2%
59.6%

33.1%
4.4%
2.9%



Van
M5
1987
0.0316
36.9


29.3%
24.5%
46.1%
39.8%

47.5%
12.7%




Van
M5
1988
0.0321
37.7


31.8%
20.3%
47.8%


63.1%
36.9%




Van
M5
1989
0.0326
37.5


32.2%
15.7%
52.1%


68.7%
31.3%




Van
M5
1990
0.0344
38.2


56.8%
12.7%
30.5%


64.9%
35.1%




Van
M5
1991
0.0314
36.9


6.4%
35.6%
58.1%


99.0%
1.0%




Van
M5
1992
0.0347
37.2


67.5%
11.3%
21.2%


78.6%
21.4%




Van
M5
1993
0.0318
38.1


66.5%
0.6%
32.9%


66.0%
34.0%




Van
M5
1994
0.0325
38.0


68.5%
7.0%
24.5%


48.1%
51.9%

16.8%


Van
M5
1995
0.0321
38.4


67.2%
32.8%



100.0%


59.0%


Van
M5
1996
0.0395
37.0


58.1%
41.9%



100.0%


100.0%


Van
M5
1997















Van
M5
1998















Van
M5
1999















Van
M5
2000















Van
M5
2001















Van
M5
2002















Van
M5
2003















Van
M5
2004















Van
M5
2005















Van
M5
2006















Van
M5
2007















Van
M5
2008
0.0437
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M5
2009
0.0437
43.3


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M5
2010
0.0437
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M5
2011















Van
M5
2012















Van
M5
2013















Van
M5
2014















Van
M5
2015















Van
M5
2016















Van
M5
2017















Van
M5
2018















Van
M6
1975















Van
M6
1976















Van
M6
1977















Van
M6
1978















Van
M6
1979















Van
M6
1980















Van
M6
1981















Van
M6
1982















Van
M6
1983















Van
M6
1984















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-108	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
M6
1985
















Van
M6
1986
















Van
M6
1987
















Van
M6
1988
















Van
M6
1989
















Van
M6
1990
















Van
M6
1991
















Van
M6
1992
















Van
M6
1993
















Van
M6
1994
















Van
M6
1995
















Van
M6
1996
















Van
M6
1997
















Van
M6
1998
















Van
M6
1999
















Van
M6
2000
















Van
M6
2001
















Van
M6
2002
















Van
M6
2003
















Van
M6
2004
















Van
M6
2005
















Van
M6
2006
















Van
M6
2007
















Van
M6
2008
















Van
M6
2009
















Van
M6
2010
















Van
M6
2011
















Van
M6
2012
l
0.002
31.9
21.3
28.4
24.8
418.2
312.9
358.2
3500
45.0

153
157
9.5
1.029
Van
M6
2013
l
0.001
31.9
21.3
28.4
24.8
418.2
312.7
358.0
3500
45.0

153
157
9.5
1.029
Van
M6
2014
0
0.001
31.9
21.3
28.4
24.8
418.2
312.7
358.0
3500
45.0

153
157
9.5
1.029
Van
M6
2015
















Van
M6
2016
















Van
M6
2017
















Van
M6
2018
















Van
OT
1975
















Van
OT
1976
















Van
OT
1977
















Van
OT
1978
















Van
OT
1979
















Van
OT
1980
















Van
OT
1981
















Van
OT
1982
















Van
OT
1983
















Van
OT
1984
0
0.000
32.4
25.9
30.0
27.6
343.5
296.3
322.2
2750


122
88
16.4
0.721
Van
OT
1985
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-109	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
M6
1985















Van
M6
1986















Van
M6
1987















Van
M6
1988















Van
M6
1989















Van
M6
1990















Van
M6
1991















Van
M6
1992















Van
M6
1993















Van
M6
1994















Van
M6
1995















Van
M6
1996















Van
M6
1997















Van
M6
1998















Van
M6
1999















Van
M6
2000















Van
M6
2001















Van
M6
2002















Van
M6
2003















Van
M6
2004















Van
M6
2005















Van
M6
2006















Van
M6
2007















Van
M6
2008















Van
M6
2009















Van
M6
2010















Van
M6
2011















Van
M6
2012
0.0449
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M6
2013
0.0449
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M6
2014
0.0449
43.4


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
M6
2015















Van
M6
2016















Van
M6
2017















Van
M6
2018















Van
OT
1975















Van
OT
1976















Van
OT
1977















Van
OT
1978















Van
OT
1979















Van
OT
1980















Van
OT
1981















Van
OT
1982















Van
OT
1983















Van
OT
1984
0.0320
37.9


100.0%


100.0%







Van
OT
1985















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-110	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Van
OT
1986
















Van
OT
1987
2
0.002
18.4
15.4
15.4
15.4
576.0
577.3
576.4
4000


129
90
19.0
0.698
Van
OT
1988
















Van
OT
1989
0
0.000
18.6
15.3
15.5
15.4
579.3
572.4
575.7
4500


129
90
19.8
0.698
Van
OT
1990
0
0.000
18.5
15.3
15.3
15.3
582.3
579.4
580.5
4500


129
90
18.2
0.698
Van
OT
1991
















Van
OT
1992
















Van
OT
1993
















Van
OT
1994
















Van
OT
1995
















Van
OT
1996
















Van
OT
1997
















Van
OT
1998
















Van
OT
1999
















Van
OT
2000
















Van
OT
2001
















Van
OT
2002
















Van
OT
2003
















Van
OT
2004
















Van
OT
2005
















Van
OT
2006
















Van
OT
2007
















Van
OT
2008
















Van
OT
2009
















Van
OT
2010
















Van
OT
2011
















Van
OT
2012
















Van
OT
2013
















Van
OT
2014
















Van
OT
2015
















Van
OT
2016
















Van
OT
2017
3
0.005
106.1
109.7
52.1
67.3
81.0
170.6
132.1
5000
58.0

220
220
7.5
1.001
Van
OT
2018
-
0.032
78.7
62.5
41.5
48.5
65.1
172.4
126.3
5000
58.0

220
220
7.5
1.001
Truck SUV
A3
1975
















Truck SUV
A3
1976
















Truck SUV
A3
1977
















Truck SUV
A3
1978
















Truck SUV
A3
1979
256
0.665
11.5
9.6
10.0
9.8
919.9
877.0
911.3
4899


358
151
15.3
0.423
Truck SUV
A3
1980
56
0.303
13.7
11.1
12.4
11.6
792.7
711.4
765.0
4497


327
141
15.7
0.429
Truck SUV
A3
1981
24
0.179
14.2
11.5
12.8
12.1
767.1
688.5
737.0
4743


326
142
15.9
0.439
Truck SUV
A3
1982
35
0.231
14.1
11.5
12.6
12.0
767.7
698.0
740.3
4710


323
143
16.8
0.446
Truck SUV
A3
1983
35
0.136
14.6
11.8
13.3
12.4
750.1
660.3
716.3
4701


322
140
15.6
0.438
Truck SUV
A3
1984
164
0.289
16.3
13.0
15.0
13.8
650.5
568.1
642.3
4176


261
129
15.8
0.519
Truck SUV
A3
1985
88
0.136
14.2
11.4
13.0
12.0
774.8
682.1
738.6
4717


337
165
13.8
0.492
Truck SUV
A3
1986
53
0.075
14.5
11.5
13.3
12.3
756.7
660.5
722.6
4653


337
158
13.6
0.469
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-lll	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
OT
1986















Van
OT
1987
0.0225
30.8



100.0%



100.0%





Van
OT
1988















Van
OT
1989
0.0200
34.7



100.0%



100.0%





Van
OT
1990
0.0200
34.4




100.0%


100.0%





Van
OT
1991















Van
OT
1992















Van
OT
1993















Van
OT
1994















Van
OT
1995















Van
OT
1996















Van
OT
1997















Van
OT
1998















Van
OT
1999















Van
OT
2000















Van
OT
2001















Van
OT
2002















Van
OT
2003















Van
OT
2004















Van
OT
2005















Van
OT
2006















Van
OT
2007















Van
OT
2008















Van
OT
2009















Van
OT
2010















Van
OT
2011















Van
OT
2012















Van
OT
2013















Van
OT
2014















Van
OT
2015















Van
OT
2016















Van
OT
2017
0.0440
168.2


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Van
OT
2018
0.0440
121.2


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
A3
1975















Truck SUV
A3
1976















Truck SUV
A3
1977















Truck SUV
A3
1978















Truck SUV
A3
1979
0.0310
23.9



66.0%
34.0%
100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1980
0.0312
26.2



99.7%
0.3%
100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1981
0.0301
28.6



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1982
0.0305
28.3



95.5%
4.5%
100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1983
0.0299
29.3



96.8%
3.2%
100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1984
0.0307
29.3



97.4%
2.6%
100.0%







Truck SUV
A3
1985
0.0349
28.5



81.2%
18.8%
99.6%



0.4%



Truck SUV
A3
1986
0.0338
28.7



91.9%
8.1%
100.0%







* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-112	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
A3
1987
58
0.075
14.6
11.5
13.3
12.3
751.2
658.0
722.9
4604


327
152
14.0
0.464
Truck SUV
A3
1988
61
0.071
14.9
11.7
13.7
12.6
752.0
641.7
707.9
4649


331
161
13.8
0.484
Truck SUV
A3
1989
60
0.073
14.5
11.4
13.2
12.2
766.1
667.1
729.1
4610


330
162
13.2
0.488
Truck SUV
A3
1990
14
0.022
15.9
12.4
14.3
13.3
692.6
612.7
669.2
3991


307
128
13.3
0.418
Truck SUV
A3
1991
11
0.012
16.4
12.8
14.8
13.7
680.7
588.4
648.6
3847


283
168
11.1
0.625
Truck SUV
A3
1992
6
0.008
16.2
13.0
13.7
13.3
685.7
647.7
666.6
3500


242
190
9.5
0.785
Truck SUV
A3
1993
8
0.009
18.0
14.2
15.6
14.8
627.1
571.2
598.8
3500


242
190
8.9
0.785
Truck SUV
A3
1994
















Truck SUV
A3
1995
















Truck SUV
A3
1996
















Truck SUV
A3
1997
















Truck SUV
A3
1998
















Truck SUV
A3
1999
















Truck SUV
A3
2000
















Truck SUV
A3
2001
















Truck SUV
A3
2002
















Truck SUV
A3
2003
















Truck SUV
A3
2004
















Truck SUV
A3
2005
















Truck SUV
A3
2006
















Truck SUV
A3
2007
















Truck SUV
A3
2008
















Truck SUV
A3
2009
















Truck SUV
A3
2010
















Truck SUV
A3
2011
















Truck SUV
A3
2012
















Truck SUV
A3
2013
















Truck SUV
A3
2014
















Truck SUV
A3
2015
















Truck SUV
A3
2016
















Truck SUV
A3
2017
















Truck SUV
A3
2018
















Truck SUV
A4
1975
















Truck SUV
A4
1976
















Truck SUV
A4
1977
















Truck SUV
A4
1978
















Truck SUV
A4
1979
















Truck SUV
A4
1980
















Truck SUV
A4
1981
















Truck SUV
A4
1982
















Truck SUV
A4
1983
















Truck SUV
A4
1984
















Truck SUV
A4
1985
















Truck SUV
A4
1986
















Truck SUV
A4
1987
15
0.019
21.0
17.4
18.0
17.7
511.6
492.4
502.6
3500


156
109
15.2
0.699
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-113	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
A3
1987
0.0330
28.5



93.2%
6.8%
88.1%

11.9%





Truck SUV
A3
1988
0.0344
29.3



95.6%
4.4%
43.1%

39.8%
17.1%




Truck SUV
A3
1989
0.0350
28.1



94.7%
5.3%
37.9%

36.8%
25.3%




Truck SUV
A3
1990
0.0320
26.6



100.0%

99.3%

0.7%





Truck SUV
A3
1991
0.0447
26.4



100.0%

34.7%

65.3%





Truck SUV
A3
1992
0.0543
23.3



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
A3
1993
0.0543
26.0



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
A3
1994















Truck SUV
A3
1995















Truck SUV
A3
1996















Truck SUV
A3
1997















Truck SUV
A3
1998















Truck SUV
A3
1999















Truck SUV
A3
2000















Truck SUV
A3
2001















Truck SUV
A3
2002















Truck SUV
A3
2003















Truck SUV
A3
2004















Truck SUV
A3
2005















Truck SUV
A3
2006















Truck SUV
A3
2007















Truck SUV
A3
2008















Truck SUV
A3
2009















Truck SUV
A3
2010















Truck SUV
A3
2011















Truck SUV
A3
2012















Truck SUV
A3
2013















Truck SUV
A3
2014















Truck SUV
A3
2015















Truck SUV
A3
2016















Truck SUV
A3
2017















Truck SUV
A3
2018















Truck SUV
A4
1975















Truck SUV
A4
1976















Truck SUV
A4
1977















Truck SUV
A4
1978















Truck SUV
A4
1979















Truck SUV
A4
1980















Truck SUV
A4
1981















Truck SUV
A4
1982















Truck SUV
A4
1983















Truck SUV
A4
1984















Truck SUV
A4
1985















Truck SUV
A4
1986















Truck SUV
A4
1987
0.0311
30.9



100.0%

100.0%







* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-114	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
A4
1988
7
0.009
20.1
16.5
17.1
16.8
537.7
519.6
529.2
3500


156
109
15.4
0.699
Truck SUV
A4
1989
9
0.011
19.4
15.8
16.5
16.1
563.6
537.3
550.8
4000


181
143
13.2
0.790
Truck SUV
A4
1990
12
0.019
15.0
11.5
14.1
12.6
768.0
628.7
704.2
4800


328
175
11.5
0.533
Truck SUV
A4
1991
4
0.005
15.4
11.8
14.2
12.9
749.2
622.4
689.7
4804


326
174
11.7
0.533
Truck SUV
A4
1992
0
0.001
13.0
10.0
11.9
10.9
887.0
744.8
816.9
5000


357
193
10.9
0.541
Truck SUV
A4
1993
















Truck SUV
A4
1994
















Truck SUV
A4
1995
















Truck SUV
A4
1996
















Truck SUV
A4
1997
















Truck SUV
A4
1998
















Truck SUV
A4
1999
















Truck SUV
A4
2000
















Truck SUV
A4
2001
















Truck SUV
A4
2002
















Truck SUV
A4
2003
















Truck SUV
A4
2004
















Truck SUV
A4
2005
















Truck SUV
A4
2006
















Truck SUV
A4
2007
















Truck SUV
A4
2008
















Truck SUV
A4
2009
















Truck SUV
A4
2010
















Truck SUV
A4
2011
















Truck SUV
A4
2012
















Truck SUV
A4
2013
















Truck SUV
A4
2014
















Truck SUV
A4
2015
















Truck SUV
A4
2016
















Truck SUV
A4
2017
















Truck SUV
A4
2018
















Truck SUV
A6
1975
















Truck SUV
A6
1976
















Truck SUV
A6
1977
















Truck SUV
A6
1978
















Truck SUV
A6
1979
















Truck SUV
A6
1980
















Truck SUV
A6
1981
















Truck SUV
A6
1982
















Truck SUV
A6
1983
















Truck SUV
A6
1984
















Truck SUV
A6
1985
















Truck SUV
A6
1986
















Truck SUV
A6
1987
















Truck SUV
A6
1988
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-115	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
A4
1988
0.0311
29.4



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
A4
1989
0.0358
32.3



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
A4
1990
0.0365
30.3



60.0%
40.0%



100.0%




Truck SUV
A4
1991
0.0362
31.0



60.8%
39.2%



100.0%




Truck SUV
A4
1992
0.0386
27.2



91.2%
8.8%


6.9%
93.1%




Truck SUV
A4
1993















Truck SUV
A4
1994















Truck SUV
A4
1995















Truck SUV
A4
1996















Truck SUV
A4
1997















Truck SUV
A4
1998















Truck SUV
A4
1999















Truck SUV
A4
2000















Truck SUV
A4
2001















Truck SUV
A4
2002















Truck SUV
A4
2003















Truck SUV
A4
2004















Truck SUV
A4
2005















Truck SUV
A4
2006















Truck SUV
A4
2007















Truck SUV
A4
2008















Truck SUV
A4
2009















Truck SUV
A4
2010















Truck SUV
A4
2011















Truck SUV
A4
2012















Truck SUV
A4
2013















Truck SUV
A4
2014















Truck SUV
A4
2015















Truck SUV
A4
2016















Truck SUV
A4
2017















Truck SUV
A4
2018















Truck SUV
A6
1975















Truck SUV
A6
1976















Truck SUV
A6
1977















Truck SUV
A6
1978















Truck SUV
A6
1979















Truck SUV
A6
1980















Truck SUV
A6
1981















Truck SUV
A6
1982















Truck SUV
A6
1983















Truck SUV
A6
1984















Truck SUV
A6
1985















Truck SUV
A6
1986















Truck SUV
A6
1987















Truck SUV
A6
1988















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-116	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
A6
1989
















Truck SUV
A6
1990
















Truck SUV
A6
1991
















Truck SUV
A6
1992
















Truck SUV
A6
1993
















Truck SUV
A6
1994
















Truck SUV
A6
1995
















Truck SUV
A6
1996
















Truck SUV
A6
1997
















Truck SUV
A6
1998
















Truck SUV
A6
1999
















Truck SUV
A6
2000
















Truck SUV
A6
2001
















Truck SUV
A6
2002
















Truck SUV
A6
2003
















Truck SUV
A6
2004
















Truck SUV
A6
2005
















Truck SUV
A6
2006
















Truck SUV
A6
2007
















Truck SUV
A6
2008
















Truck SUV
A6
2009
















Truck SUV
A6
2010
17
0.007
26.6
18.1
24.2
21.1
490.8
367.0
420.2
4000
44.1

121
200
8.7
1.653
Truck SUV
A6
2011
















Truck SUV
A6
2012
















Truck SUV
A6
2013
















Truck SUV
A6
2014
















Truck SUV
A6
2015
















Truck SUV
A6
2016
















Truck SUV
A6
2017
















Truck SUV
A6
2018
















Truck SUV
A7
1975
















Truck SUV
A7
1976
















Truck SUV
A7
1977
















Truck SUV
A7
1978
















Truck SUV
A7
1979
















Truck SUV
A7
1980
















Truck SUV
A7
1981
















Truck SUV
A7
1982
















Truck SUV
A7
1983
















Truck SUV
A7
1984
















Truck SUV
A7
1985
















Truck SUV
A7
1986
















Truck SUV
A7
1987
















Truck SUV
A7
1988
















Truck SUV
A7
1989
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-117	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
A6
1989















Truck SUV
A6
1990















Truck SUV
A6
1991















Truck SUV
A6
1992















Truck SUV
A6
1993















Truck SUV
A6
1994















Truck SUV
A6
1995















Truck SUV
A6
1996















Truck SUV
A6
1997















Truck SUV
A6
1998















Truck SUV
A6
1999















Truck SUV
A6
2000















Truck SUV
A6
2001















Truck SUV
A6
2002















Truck SUV
A6
2003















Truck SUV
A6
2004















Truck SUV
A6
2005















Truck SUV
A6
2006















Truck SUV
A6
2007















Truck SUV
A6
2008















Truck SUV
A6
2009















Truck SUV
A6
2010
0.0500
42.3


54.5%
45.5%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
A6
2011















Truck SUV
A6
2012















Truck SUV
A6
2013















Truck SUV
A6
2014















Truck SUV
A6
2015















Truck SUV
A6
2016















Truck SUV
A6
2017















Truck SUV
A6
2018















Truck SUV
A7
1975















Truck SUV
A7
1976















Truck SUV
A7
1977















Truck SUV
A7
1978















Truck SUV
A7
1979















Truck SUV
A7
1980















Truck SUV
A7
1981















Truck SUV
A7
1982















Truck SUV
A7
1983















Truck SUV
A7
1984















Truck SUV
A7
1985















Truck SUV
A7
1986















Truck SUV
A7
1987















Truck SUV
A7
1988















Truck SUV
A7
1989















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-118	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
A7
1990
















Truck SUV
A7
1991
















Truck SUV
A7
1992
















Truck SUV
A7
1993
















Truck SUV
A7
1994
















Truck SUV
A7
1995
















Truck SUV
A7
1996
















Truck SUV
A7
1997
















Truck SUV
A7
1998
















Truck SUV
A7
1999
















Truck SUV
A7
2000
















Truck SUV
A7
2001
















Truck SUV
A7
2002
















Truck SUV
A7
2003
















Truck SUV
A7
2004
















Truck SUV
A7
2005
















Truck SUV
A7
2006
















Truck SUV
A7
2007
















Truck SUV
A7
2008
















Truck SUV
A7
2009
















Truck SUV
A7
2010
0
0.000
23.1
16.6
19.4
18.1
535.3
457.9
491.2
6000
52.9

269
400
5.4
1.487
Truck SUV
A7
2011
0
0.000
23.2
16.8
19.4
18.2
529.9
457.8
488.8
6000
52.9

269
400
5.5
1.487
Truck SUV
A7
2012
















Truck SUV
A7
2013
















Truck SUV
A7
2014
















Truck SUV
A7
2015
14
0.003
25.0
17.1
22.8
19.9
520.9
389.5
446.1
4500
50.0

191
354
6.2
1.849
Truck SUV
A7
2016
11
0.002
25.0
17.1
22.8
19.9
519.9
390.0
445.9
4500
50.0

189
350
6.3
1.851
Truck SUV
A7
2017
28
0.005
26.6
18.2
23.9
21.0
485.4
370.7
422.2
4500
50.0

161
313
6.9
1.960
Truck SUV
A7
2018
-
0.005
28.9
19.9
25.3
22.7
430.1
344.4
392.2
4194
48.1

147
279
7.3
1.893
Truck SUV
CVT
1975
















Truck SUV
CVT
1976
















Truck SUV
CVT
1977
















Truck SUV
CVT
1978
















Truck SUV
CVT
1979
















Truck SUV
CVT
1980
















Truck SUV
CVT
1981
















Truck SUV
CVT
1982
















Truck SUV
CVT
1983
















Truck SUV
CVT
1984
















Truck SUV
CVT
1985
















Truck SUV
CVT
1986
















Truck SUV
CVT
1987
















Truck SUV
CVT
1988
















Truck SUV
CVT
1989
















Truck SUV
CVT
1990
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-119	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
A7
1990















Truck SUV
A7
1991















Truck SUV
A7
1992















Truck SUV
A7
1993















Truck SUV
A7
1994















Truck SUV
A7
1995















Truck SUV
A7
1996















Truck SUV
A7
1997















Truck SUV
A7
1998















Truck SUV
A7
1999















Truck SUV
A7
2000















Truck SUV
A7
2001















Truck SUV
A7
2002















Truck SUV
A7
2003















Truck SUV
A7
2004















Truck SUV
A7
2005















Truck SUV
A7
2006















Truck SUV
A7
2007















Truck SUV
A7
2008















Truck SUV
A7
2009















Truck SUV
A7
2010
0.0667
54.3



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
A7
2011
0.0667
54.5



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
A7
2012















Truck SUV
A7
2013















Truck SUV
A7
2014















Truck SUV
A7
2015
0.0786
44.8



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
A7
2016
0.0778
44.8



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
A7
2017
0.0696
47.6



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
A7
2018
0.0654
47.9


15.7%
84.3%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
CVT
1975















Truck SUV
CVT
1976















Truck SUV
CVT
1977















Truck SUV
CVT
1978















Truck SUV
CVT
1979















Truck SUV
CVT
1980















Truck SUV
CVT
1981















Truck SUV
CVT
1982















Truck SUV
CVT
1983















Truck SUV
CVT
1984















Truck SUV
CVT
1985















Truck SUV
CVT
1986















Truck SUV
CVT
1987















Truck SUV
CVT
1988















Truck SUV
CVT
1989















Truck SUV
CVT
1990















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-120	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
CVT
1991
















Truck SUV
CVT
1992
















Truck SUV
CVT
1993
















Truck SUV
CVT
1994
















Truck SUV
CVT
1995
















Truck SUV
CVT
1996
















Truck SUV
CVT
1997
















Truck SUV
CVT
1998
















Truck SUV
CVT
1999
















Truck SUV
CVT
2000
















Truck SUV
CVT
2001
















Truck SUV
CVT
2002
2
0.000
26.0
18.4
23.2
20.8
483.8
382.5
427.8
3500


134
140
10.7
1.045
Truck SUV
CVT
2003
46
0.013
26.0
18.3
23.0
20.6
486.3
386.6
430.6
3836


187
211
8.7
1.116
Truck SUV
CVT
2004
42
0.010
25.8
18.0
22.9
20.5
494.0
388.0
434.5
3932


203
231
8.2
1.131
Truck SUV
CVT
2005
49
0.015
26.7
18.7
23.1
21.0
464.3
383.8
424.0
3982


201
227
8.4
1.117
Truck SUV
CVT
2006
139
0.046
30.9
22.8
24.1
23.5
372.9
367.3
377.6
4394


200
214
7.8
1.063
Truck SUV
CVT
2007
192
0.058
28.7
20.6
23.7
22.2
420.5
374.2
399.8
3987


180
200
8.7
1.113
Truck SUV
CVT
2008
204
0.067
31.4
22.8
24.9
24.0
384.3
355.8
371.0
4028
45.0

167
182
9.2
1.105
Truck SUV
CVT
2009
183
0.107
28.4
20.1
23.9
22.1
434.7
370.4
402.4
4093
46.5

183
210
8.8
1.153
Truck SUV
CVT
2010
244
0.106
30.4
21.4
25.6
23.6
407.8
344.9
376.4
4007
45.6

167
193
9.1
1.156
Truck SUV
CVT
2011
350
0.114
31.0
21.4
26.5
24.0
412.5
334.5
370.2
3897
45.2

158
182
9.5
1.149
Truck SUV
CVT
2012
276
0.099
30.7
21.1
26.3
23.8
416.5
337.1
373.6
3946
45.5

162
188
9.4
1.154
Truck SUV
CVT
2013
459
0.139
31.4
21.6
26.9
24.3
406.9
328.1
365.9
4060
47.1

171
200
9.2
1.165
Truck SUV
CVT
2014
622
0.168
33.2
22.6
28.6
25.6
388.9
307.8
346.6
3930
46.5

164
194
9.2
1.187
Truck SUV
CVT
2015
1040
0.221
35.6
23.9
30.3
27.2
367.9
292.0
327.0
3898
45.9

158
188
9.4
1.191
Truck SUV
CVT
2016
1022
0.216
36.3
24.6
30.6
27.7
358.3
289.1
320.9
3885
45.5

154
185
9.3
1.209
Truck SUV
CVT
2017
1159
0.215
36.3
24.7
31.3
28.1
353.8
282.0
316.5
3894
46.4

152
190
9.1
1.298
Truck SUV
CVT
2018
-
0.191
36.9
25.1
30.8
28.1
348.1
286.9
316.6
3872
46.2

147
186
9.1
1.324
Truck SUV
L10
1975
















Truck SUV
L10
1976
















Truck SUV
L10
1977
















Truck SUV
L10
1978
















Truck SUV
L10
1979
















Truck SUV
L10
1980
















Truck SUV
L10
1981
















Truck SUV
L10
1982
















Truck SUV
L10
1983
















Truck SUV
L10
1984
















Truck SUV
L10
1985
















Truck SUV
L10
1986
















Truck SUV
L10
1987
















Truck SUV
L10
1988
















Truck SUV
L10
1989
















Truck SUV
L10
1990
















Truck SUV
L10
1991
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-121	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
CVT
1991















Truck SUV
CVT
1992















Truck SUV
CVT
1993















Truck SUV
CVT
1994















Truck SUV
CVT
1995















Truck SUV
CVT
1996















Truck SUV
CVT
1997















Truck SUV
CVT
1998















Truck SUV
CVT
1999















Truck SUV
CVT
2000















Truck SUV
CVT
2001















Truck SUV
CVT
2002
0.0400
36.4



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
CVT
2003
0.0543
39.6



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
67.2%

Truck SUV
CVT
2004
0.0583
40.2



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
86.3%

Truck SUV
CVT
2005
0.0568
42.1



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
83.1%
13.3%
Truck SUV
CVT
2006
0.0487
52.5


14.6%
85.4%



100.0%


100.0%
91.0%
66.2%
Truck SUV
CVT
2007
0.0501
44.8


25.5%
74.5%



100.0%


100.0%
96.2%
24.3%
Truck SUV
CVT
2008
0.0451
48.6


25.5%
72.7%
1.8%


100.0%


96.1%
88.8%
35.8%
Truck SUV
CVT
2009
0.0510
45.5


13.6%
85.0%
1.4%

0.1%
99.9%


96.6%
99.4%
13.7%
Truck SUV
CVT
2010
0.0480
47.8


12.9%
86.8%
0.3%


100.0%


99.5%
99.9%
13.8%
Truck SUV
CVT
2011
0.0465
46.9


12.5%
87.3%
0.2%


100.0%


99.4%
100.0%
4.8%
Truck SUV
CVT
2012
0.0474
47.2


1.0%
98.8%
0.1%


100.0%


99.5%
100.0%
5.7%
Truck SUV
CVT
2013
0.0488
49.6


11.4%
88.6%
0.1%


100.0%


99.7%
100.0%
4.5%
Truck SUV
CVT
2014
0.0490
50.5


10.5%
89.5%


1.7%
98.3%


100.0%
100.0%
3.4%
Truck SUV
CVT
2015
0.0480
53.1


6.6%
93.4%


24.5%
75.5%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%
Truck SUV
CVT
2016
0.0477
53.9


5.0%
95.0%


27.4%
72.6%


100.0%
100.0%
5.3%
Truck SUV
CVT
2017
0.0485
54.9


7.1%
92.9%


31.0%
69.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.2%
Truck SUV
CVT
2018
0.0479
54.6


6.0%
94.0%


41.4%
58.6%


100.0%
100.0%
10.0%
Truck SUV
L10
1975















Truck SUV
L10
1976















Truck SUV
L10
1977















Truck SUV
L10
1978















Truck SUV
L10
1979















Truck SUV
L10
1980















Truck SUV
L10
1981















Truck SUV
L10
1982















Truck SUV
L10
1983















Truck SUV
L10
1984















Truck SUV
L10
1985















Truck SUV
L10
1986















Truck SUV
L10
1987















Truck SUV
L10
1988















Truck SUV
L10
1989















Truck SUV
L10
1990















Truck SUV
L10
1991















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-122	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L10
1992
















Truck SUV
L10
1993
















Truck SUV
L10
1994
















Truck SUV
L10
1995
















Truck SUV
L10
1996
















Truck SUV
L10
1997
















Truck SUV
L10
1998
















Truck SUV
L10
1999
















Truck SUV
L10
2000
















Truck SUV
L10
2001
















Truck SUV
L10
2002
















Truck SUV
L10
2003
















Truck SUV
L10
2004
















Truck SUV
L10
2005
















Truck SUV
L10
2006
















Truck SUV
L10
2007
















Truck SUV
L10
2008
















Truck SUV
L10
2009
















Truck SUV
L10
2010
















Truck SUV
L10
2011
















Truck SUV
L10
2012
















Truck SUV
L10
2013
















Truck SUV
L10
2014
















Truck SUV
L10
2015
















Truck SUV
L10
2016
















Truck SUV
L10
2017
















Truck SUV
L10
2018
-
0.031
23.0
15.4
21.9
18.5
574.0
404.7
479.9
6176
57.8

291
404
6.3
1.487
Truck SUV
L3
1975
















Truck SUV
L3
1976
















Truck SUV
L3
1977
















Truck SUV
L3
1978
















Truck SUV
L3
1979
2
0.004
12.1
10.0
10.6
10.3
885.6
837.8
864.1
5000


360
160
14.5
0.444
Truck SUV
L3
1980
48
0.261
14.4
11.4
13.4
12.2
775.4
663.4
726.6
5049


343
161
15.1
0.470
Truck SUV
L3
1981
56
0.411
16.0
12.7
14.9
13.6
696.1
590.5
653.7
4661


318
149
15.3
0.468
Truck SUV
L3
1982
24
0.163
16.6
13.1
15.7
14.1
664.8
558.5
629.4
4311


317
136
16.7
0.432
Truck SUV
L3
1983
26
0.101
15.7
12.5
14.6
13.4
691.1
594.7
665.4
4281


330
135
15.2
0.410
Truck SUV
L3
1984
51
0.090
20.8
17.0
18.7
17.7
522.7
474.1
502.1
3364


175
104
16.4
0.607
Truck SUV
L3
1985
60
0.093
20.5
16.5
18.7
17.4
536.1
474.1
509.8
3465


166
105
16.5
0.630
Truck SUV
L3
1986
75
0.105
19.8
16.1
17.6
16.7
549.8
501.8
530.9
3561


179
117
14.7
0.666
Truck SUV
L3
1987
24
0.031
17.9
14.3
16.1
15.1
619.9
550.3
588.3
4114


212
142
14.0
0.702
Truck SUV
L3
1988
5
0.006
17.7
13.7
16.6
14.9
650.7
535.4
596.6
4500


318
145
14.1
0.456
Truck SUV
L3
1989
17
0.021
29.6
24.1
25.3
24.6
369.2
351.9
360.7
2500


97
80
16.2
0.825
Truck SUV
L3
1990
14
0.022
28.7
23.2
24.4
23.8
383.8
363.9
374.0
2750


97
80
16.0
0.825
Truck SUV
L3
1991
15
0.017
27.2
21.8
23.1
22.4
407.4
384.8
396.2
2804


97
80
16.3
0.825
Truck SUV
L3
1992
10
0.013
27.5
21.9
23.3
22.6
405.5
382.1
393.6
2750


97
80
15.8
0.825
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-123	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L10
1992















Truck SUV
L10
1993















Truck SUV
L10
1994















Truck SUV
L10
1995















Truck SUV
L10
1996















Truck SUV
L10
1997















Truck SUV
L10
1998















Truck SUV
L10
1999















Truck SUV
L10
2000















Truck SUV
L10
2001















Truck SUV
L10
2002















Truck SUV
L10
2003















Truck SUV
L10
2004















Truck SUV
L10
2005















Truck SUV
L10
2006















Truck SUV
L10
2007















Truck SUV
L10
2008















Truck SUV
L10
2009















Truck SUV
L10
2010















Truck SUV
L10
2011















Truck SUV
L10
2012















Truck SUV
L10
2013















Truck SUV
L10
2014















Truck SUV
L10
2015















Truck SUV
L10
2016















Truck SUV
L10
2017















Truck SUV
L10
2018
0.0655
57.3



69.0%
31.0%

100.0%



52.8%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L3
1975















Truck SUV
L3
1976















Truck SUV
L3
1977















Truck SUV
L3
1978















Truck SUV
L3
1979
0.0320
25.7




100.0%
100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1980
0.0319
30.9



64.3%
35.7%
100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1981
0.0319
31.8



77.5%
22.5%
100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1982
0.0316
30.7



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1983
0.0317
28.9



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1984
0.0311
29.7



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1985
0.0302
30.3



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
L3
1986
0.0329
29.9



93.9%
6.1%
87.6%


12.4%




Truck SUV
L3
1987
0.0345
31.1



77.2%
22.8%
22.8%


77.2%




Truck SUV
L3
1988
0.0322
33.5




100.0%



100.0%




Truck SUV
L3
1989
0.0320
30.8



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
L3
1990
0.0291
32.7



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
L3
1991
0.0286
31.4



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
L3
1992
0.0291
31.0



100.0%




100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-124	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L3
1993
9
0.011
27.5
21.8
23.2
22.5
407.9
383.8
395.5
2750


97
80
14.8
0.825
Truck SUV
L3
1994
30
0.024
23.6
18.3
20.3
19.3
468.1
428.1
461.0
2958


138
114
12.6
0.833
Truck SUV
L3
1995
37
0.023
23.3
18.0
20.0
19.0
477.1
433.1
468.4
2950


137
120
12.0
0.908
Truck SUV
L3
1996
11
0.007
27.4
21.2
22.8
22.0
418.9
388.9
403.0
2750


97
95
14.0
0.979
Truck SUV
L3
1997
34
0.016
20.2
15.2
17.9
16.5
575.2
492.5
539.3
3404


195
151
11.4
0.793
Truck SUV
L3
1998
29
0.014
19.8
14.8
17.3
16.0
586.1
505.6
554.5
3386


201
156
11.4
0.794
Truck SUV
L3
1999
30
0.013
18.7
13.9
16.6
15.2
640.9
535.3
584.5
3925


228
172
11.2
0.756
Truck SUV
L3
2000
36
0.014
19.1
14.0
16.7
15.4
632.7
531.4
577.8
3939


231
174
10.7
0.754
Truck SUV
L3
2001
28
0.011
18.9
14.0
16.4
15.2
635.7
542.3
584.6
3951


233
175
10.4
0.753
Truck SUV
L3
2002
28
0.008
18.4
13.6
15.7
14.7
654.6
564.8
605.1
3969


236
190
10.0
0.805
Truck SUV
L3
2003
















Truck SUV
L3
2004
















Truck SUV
L3
2005
















Truck SUV
L3
2006
















Truck SUV
L3
2007
















Truck SUV
L3
2008
















Truck SUV
L3
2009
















Truck SUV
L3
2010
















Truck SUV
L3
2011
















Truck SUV
L3
2012
















Truck SUV
L3
2013
















Truck SUV
L3
2014
















Truck SUV
L3
2015
















Truck SUV
L3
2016
















Truck SUV
L3
2017
















Truck SUV
L3
2018
















Truck SUV
L4
1975
















Truck SUV
L4
1976
















Truck SUV
L4
1977
















Truck SUV
L4
1978
















Truck SUV
L4
1979
















Truck SUV
L4
1980
















Truck SUV
L4
1981
















Truck SUV
L4
1982
43
0.287
19.4
14.9
19.0
16.5
628.1
495.4
572.9
5287


336
146
17.2
0.437
Truck SUV
L4
1983
108
0.421
19.7
15.1
19.4
16.8
591.9
459.1
541.2
4691


267
134
16.0
0.533
Truck SUV
L4
1984
181
0.318
19.5
15.0
19.4
16.7
590.2
451.5
538.4
4585


255
134
15.7
0.553
Truck SUV
L4
1985
308
0.476
20.0
15.3
20.0
17.1
574.1
437.7
522.0
4316


229
126
15.8
0.575
Truck SUV
L4
1986
308
0.431
18.9
14.5
18.6
16.1
607.5
473.8
553.5
4366


241
142
13.8
0.633
Truck SUV
L4
1987
373
0.479
19.6
14.9
19.3
16.6
592.2
453.7
534.8
4218


238
157
13.1
0.680
Truck SUV
L4
1988
488
0.569
19.3
14.7
18.7
16.3
598.2
468.3
544.0
4168


246
161
12.8
0.675
Truck SUV
L4
1989
519
0.635
19.4
14.7
18.7
16.4
595.9
470.4
543.1
4269


266
170
12.0
0.655
Truck SUV
L4
1990
415
0.646
18.7
14.0
18.2
15.7
625.9
483.6
564.8
4390


263
172
11.3
0.678
Truck SUV
L4
1991
651
0.747
19.6
14.6
19.0
16.4
605.1
464.5
541.6
4292


248
169
11.5
0.690
Truck SUV
L4
1992
579
0.761
18.8
13.9
18.2
15.7
631.8
484.5
564.4
4364


250
177
11.0
0.723
Truck SUV
L4
1993
660
0.788
19.1
14.0
18.3
15.9
625.5
479.1
559.4
4516


259
186
10.1
0.736
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-125	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L3
1993
0.0291
30.9



100.0%



14.7%
85.3%




Truck SUV
L3
1994
0.0374
28.9



100.0%



47.8%
52.2%

8.8%


Truck SUV
L3
1995
0.0402
28.5



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
L3
1996
0.0345
30.3



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%


Truck SUV
L3
1997
0.0442
28.2



100.0%



100.0%


12.8%


Truck SUV
L3
1998
0.0456
27.3



100.0%



100.0%


15.3%


Truck SUV
L3
1999
0.0436
29.8



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
L3
2000
0.0439
30.3



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
L3
2001
0.0442
30.0



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
L3
2002
0.0478
29.1



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
L3
2003















Truck SUV
L3
2004















Truck SUV
L3
2005















Truck SUV
L3
2006















Truck SUV
L3
2007















Truck SUV
L3
2008















Truck SUV
L3
2009















Truck SUV
L3
2010















Truck SUV
L3
2011















Truck SUV
L3
2012















Truck SUV
L3
2013















Truck SUV
L3
2014















Truck SUV
L3
2015















Truck SUV
L3
2016















Truck SUV
L3
2017















Truck SUV
L3
2018















Truck SUV
L4
1975















Truck SUV
L4
1976















Truck SUV
L4
1977















Truck SUV
L4
1978















Truck SUV
L4
1979















Truck SUV
L4
1980















Truck SUV
L4
1981















Truck SUV
L4
1982
0.0279
44.9



55.6%
44.4%
47.7%



52.3%



Truck SUV
L4
1983
0.0285
39.9



80.3%
19.7%
82.0%



18.0%



Truck SUV
L4
1984
0.0291
38.5



81.2%
18.8%
92.0%



8.0%



Truck SUV
L4
1985
0.0290
37.0



87.2%
12.8%
92.8%

3.4%
0.7%
3.1%



Truck SUV
L4
1986
0.0330
35.1



87.3%
12.7%
30.8%

36.7%
30.4%
2.2%



Truck SUV
L4
1987
0.0375
34.9



90.3%
9.7%


40.9%
58.3%
0.9%



Truck SUV
L4
1988
0.0392
34.0



91.6%
8.4%


49.4%
50.0%
0.6%



Truck SUV
L4
1989
0.0406
34.9



90.7%
9.3%


47.3%
52.3%
0.4%



Truck SUV
L4
1990
0.0401
34.4



89.7%
10.3%


63.8%
35.7%
0.5%



Truck SUV
L4
1991
0.0397
35.3



95.5%
4.5%


60.4%
39.4%
0.3%



Truck SUV
L4
1992
0.0413
34.4



94.5%
5.5%


75.2%
24.8%




Truck SUV
L4
1993
0.0420
35.9



91.6%
8.4%


81.9%
18.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-126	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L4
1994
1064
0.824
18.8
13.9
18.0
15.7
636.4
488.8
567.2
4491


259
188
10.0
0.741
Truck SUV
L4
1995
1320
0.827
18.9
13.8
18.0
15.7
638.6
487.8
567.3
4500


261
185
10.4
0.729
Truck SUV
L4
1996
1494
0.932
19.4
14.0
18.6
16.1
627.1
474.4
553.5
4443


265
192
10.5
0.734
Truck SUV
L4
1997
1574
0.753
19.3
13.9
18.2
15.9
628.5
483.5
560.2
4584


267
201
10.3
0.774
Truck SUV
L4
1998
1676
0.788
19.4
13.9
18.4
15.9
627.9
476.0
557.6
4545


263
199
10.6
0.784
Truck SUV
L4
1999
1922
0.821
19.4
13.9
18.2
15.9
625.4
481.2
558.4
4585


260
208
10.4
0.830
Truck SUV
L4
2000
2117
0.838
19.4
13.8
18.1
15.9
628.6
484.6
560.1
4654


259
210
9.9
0.837
Truck SUV
L4
2001
2157
0.797
20.2
14.4
18.5
16.4
604.7
470.3
542.0
4571


242
214
9.6
0.916
Truck SUV
L4
2002
2537
0.707
20.3
14.2
18.7
16.4
612.4
467.0
541.6
4699


246
233
9.4
0.971
Truck SUV
L4
2003
2499
0.700
20.2
14.1
18.7
16.3
616.7
466.5
544.3
4835


251
236
9.4
0.968
Truck SUV
L4
2004
2462
0.604
20.4
14.1
19.0
16.5
617.6
461.1
539.1
4797


255
238
9.3
0.955
Truck SUV
L4
2005
1478
0.452
20.7
14.2
19.1
16.6
611.6
459.3
533.9
4896


255
250
9.1
0.997
Truck SUV
L4
2006
1098
0.365
21.2
14.6
19.5
17.0
596.0
448.6
522.1
4737


242
241
9.3
1.015
Truck SUV
L4
2007
1170
0.353
21.6
14.7
20.1
17.4
594.5
438.8
511.9
5030


259
256
9.3
1.000
Truck SUV
L4
2008
877
0.285
22.3
15.2
20.6
17.9
572.4
426.8
496.4
4733
48.1

239
238
9.5
1.008
Truck SUV
L4
2009
297
0.173
24.8
17.0
22.4
19.7
509.4
387.0
450.9
4120
44.6

191
197
9.8
1.057
Truck SUV
L4
2010
345
0.149
25.8
17.7
23.3
20.5
491.7
375.2
434.0
3998
43.6

185
188
10.0
1.041
Truck SUV
L4
2011
352
0.115
25.6
17.5
23.0
20.3
494.6
378.6
438.1
4069
45.0

191
192
9.9
1.031
Truck SUV
L4
2012
250
0.090
27.0
18.4
24.2
21.3
471.5
362.4
417.0
4038
44.6

175
187
10.1
1.088
Truck SUV
L4
2013
70
0.021
29.0
19.7
25.8
22.8
448.8
344.1
389.8
3723
45.7

150
173
10.1
1.154
Truck SUV
L4
2014
33
0.009
27.6
18.5
25.4
21.9
480.4
349.3
405.6
4000
49.1

146
173
10.4
1.181
Truck SUV
L4
2015
42
0.009
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.8
348.8
404.7
4000
49.2

146
173
10.4
1.181
Truck SUV
L4
2016
41
0.009
27.7
18.6
25.5
22.0
478.8
348.8
404.7
4000
49.2

146
172
10.5
1.174
Truck SUV
L4
2017
39
0.007
27.7
18.5
25.7
22.0
479.2
345.6
403.0
4000
49.2

146
173
10.4
1.181
Truck SUV
L4
2018
















Truck SUV
L5
1975
















Truck SUV
L5
1976
















Truck SUV
L5
1977
















Truck SUV
L5
1978
















Truck SUV
L5
1979
















Truck SUV
L5
1980
















Truck SUV
L5
1981
















Truck SUV
L5
1982
















Truck SUV
L5
1983
















Truck SUV
L5
1984
















Truck SUV
L5
1985
















Truck SUV
L5
1986
















Truck SUV
L5
1987
















Truck SUV
L5
1988
















Truck SUV
L5
1989
















Truck SUV
L5
1990
















Truck SUV
L5
1991
















Truck SUV
L5
1992
















Truck SUV
L5
1993
















Truck SUV
L5
1994
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-127	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L4
1994
0.0424
35.3



94.7%
5.3%


85.8%
14.2%

11.5%


Truck SUV
L4
1995
0.0416
35.3



89.5%
10.5%


82.5%
17.5%

14.2%


Truck SUV
L4
1996
0.0434
35.7



83.5%
16.5%


100.0%

0.0%
10.3%


Truck SUV
L4
1997
0.0440
36.4



82.4%
17.6%


100.0%

0.0%
20.0%


Truck SUV
L4
1998
0.0439
36.3



85.3%
14.7%


100.0%

0.0%
20.9%


Truck SUV
L4
1999
0.0455
36.5



76.9%
23.1%


100.0%


26.3%
3.6%

Truck SUV
L4
2000
0.0453
36.9



82.4%
17.6%


100.0%


22.4%
2.8%

Truck SUV
L4
2001
0.0469
37.4


9.3%
73.3%
17.4%


100.0%


41.1%
13.2%

Truck SUV
L4
2002
0.0497
38.5


2.4%
74.2%
23.4%


100.0%


53.8%
31.2%

Truck SUV
L4
2003
0.0490
39.3


3.6%
70.6%
25.8%


100.0%


52.2%
35.6%

Truck SUV
L4
2004
0.0498
39.4


2.4%
70.9%
26.6%


100.0%


47.6%
32.1%

Truck SUV
L4
2005
0.0508
40.6


2.6%
74.7%
22.7%


100.0%


57.2%
38.5%

Truck SUV
L4
2006
0.0507
40.3


3.1%
78.2%
18.6%


100.0%


67.4%
50.4%

Truck SUV
L4
2007
0.0506
43.6


1.4%
68.6%
30.0%


100.0%


34.6%
26.2%

Truck SUV
L4
2008
0.0499
42.3


1.0%
76.1%
22.9%


100.0%


44.9%
28.7%

Truck SUV
L4
2009
0.0478
41.0


1.8%
88.5%
9.7%

0.0%
100.0%


64.9%
29.3%
0.2%
Truck SUV
L4
2010
0.0472
41.4


0.9%
92.3%
6.8%


100.0%


58.6%
56.8%

Truck SUV
L4
2011
0.0472
41.8


1.8%
89.8%
8.4%


100.0%


52.3%
49.5%

Truck SUV
L4
2012
0.0463
43.4


6.9%
93.1%



100.0%


68.3%
68.3%

Truck SUV
L4
2013
0.0467
42.4


43.0%
57.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L4
2014
0.0433
43.8


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L4
2015
0.0433
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L4
2016
0.0430
43.9


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L4
2017
0.0433
44.1


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L4
2018















Truck SUV
L5
1975















Truck SUV
L5
1976















Truck SUV
L5
1977















Truck SUV
L5
1978















Truck SUV
L5
1979















Truck SUV
L5
1980















Truck SUV
L5
1981















Truck SUV
L5
1982















Truck SUV
L5
1983















Truck SUV
L5
1984















Truck SUV
L5
1985















Truck SUV
L5
1986















Truck SUV
L5
1987















Truck SUV
L5
1988















Truck SUV
L5
1989















Truck SUV
L5
1990















Truck SUV
L5
1991















Truck SUV
L5
1992















Truck SUV
L5
1993















Truck SUV
L5
1994















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-128	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L5
1995
















Truck SUV
L5
1996
















Truck SUV
L5
1997
279
0.134
20.1
14.4
19.0
16.5
615.1
466.7
537.7
4500


244
160
11.4
0.656
Truck SUV
L5
1998
262
0.123
20.1
14.5
18.9
16.5
614.1
470.6
538.5
4480


237
169
11.4
0.726
Truck SUV
L5
1999
252
0.107
20.0
14.3
18.6
16.3
620.7
477.0
544.0
4528


238
202
10.2
0.854
Truck SUV
L5
2000
249
0.098
20.2
14.4
18.8
16.5
618.5
472.8
540.2
4656


239
200
10.0
0.844
Truck SUV
L5
2001
419
0.155
19.9
14.0
18.6
16.2
634.5
475.9
549.6
4634


241
223
9.1
0.940
Truck SUV
L5
2002
907
0.253
19.6
13.7
18.4
15.9
647.7
479.8
557.2
4564


249
224
9.1
0.907
Truck SUV
L5
2003
946
0.265
20.2
14.0
18.9
16.4
629.7
466.6
541.9
4664


247
233
9.0
0.958
Truck SUV
L5
2004
1430
0.351
20.2
13.9
18.8
16.3
631.4
466.2
544.6
4743


253
246
8.8
0.994
Truck SUV
L5
2005
1604
0.490
20.8
14.3
19.3
16.7
613.2
455.2
531.3
4662


237
240
8.8
1.034
Truck SUV
L5
2006
1490
0.496
21.2
14.5
19.7
17.1
603.4
445.3
520.4
4665


234
235
9.0
1.024
Truck SUV
L5
2007
1318
0.398
22.2
15.3
20.4
17.8
572.9
429.5
499.2
4591


227
238
9.0
1.068
Truck SUV
L5
2008
1185
0.386
22.8
15.6
21.0
18.3
558.8
417.8
486.5
4576
47.8

223
247
8.9
1.121
Truck SUV
L5
2009
524
0.306
24.0
16.4
22.0
19.2
533.2
399.3
463.8
4458
47.8

209
239
8.8
1.158
Truck SUV
L5
2010
621
0.269
24.2
16.5
22.3
19.4
526.0
390.7
459.0
4503
47.7

214
238
8.9
1.134
Truck SUV
L5
2011
825
0.269
24.7
16.8
22.7
19.8
519.1
386.5
449.8
4573
48.7

216
258
8.6
1.206
Truck SUV
L5
2012
812
0.293
25.4
17.3
23.2
20.2
506.1
376.5
439.7
4476
48.5

210
257
8.4
1.234
Truck SUV
L5
2013
803
0.243
25.8
17.6
23.4
20.5
496.9
372.5
433.6
4417
48.4

205
253
8.5
1.242
Truck SUV
L5
2014
591
0.160
26.9
18.3
24.0
21.2
472.4
359.6
419.2
4221
46.9

194
235
8.7
1.225
Truck SUV
L5
2015
410
0.087
23.6
16.3
21.3
18.8
542.5
413.8
472.2
4602
49.2

228
273
8.1
1.208
Truck SUV
L5
2016
331
0.070
23.3
16.3
20.7
18.5
545.0
428.9
479.4
4631
48.3

230
278
8.1
1.213
Truck SUV
L5
2017
274
0.051
23.1
16.1
20.0
18.1
551.6
443.8
490.4
4569
48.4

226
280
8.0
1.242
Truck SUV
L5
2018
-
0.049
23.7
16.5
20.1
18.4
539.1
441.3
483.5
4783
48.2

235
274
8.3
1.170
Truck SUV
L6
1975
















Truck SUV
L6
1976
















Truck SUV
L6
1977
















Truck SUV
L6
1978
















Truck SUV
L6
1979
















Truck SUV
L6
1980
















Truck SUV
L6
1981
















Truck SUV
L6
1982
















Truck SUV
L6
1983
















Truck SUV
L6
1984
















Truck SUV
L6
1985
















Truck SUV
L6
1986
















Truck SUV
L6
1987
















Truck SUV
L6
1988
















Truck SUV
L6
1989
















Truck SUV
L6
1990
















Truck SUV
L6
1991
















Truck SUV
L6
1992
















Truck SUV
L6
1993
















Truck SUV
L6
1994
















Truck SUV
L6
1995
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-129	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L5
1995















Truck SUV
L5
1996















Truck SUV
L5
1997
0.0356
37.2



68.8%
31.2%


100.0%





Truck SUV
L5
1998
0.0378
37.0



83.1%
16.9%


100.0%


15.1%


Truck SUV
L5
1999
0.0446
37.0



85.9%
14.1%


100.0%


20.7%


Truck SUV
L5
2000
0.0430
38.3



83.4%
16.6%


100.0%


21.5%
2.2%

Truck SUV
L5
2001
0.0481
37.6



86.5%
13.5%


100.0%


31.9%
22.3%

Truck SUV
L5
2002
0.0491
36.5



71.7%
28.3%


100.0%


17.1%
9.8%

Truck SUV
L5
2003
0.0500
38.3


0.0%
78.8%
21.1%


100.0%


47.9%
26.7%

Truck SUV
L5
2004
0.0519
38.8


3.6%
78.6%
17.8%


100.0%


60.0%
46.6%

Truck SUV
L5
2005
0.0514
39.1


3.5%
77.7%
18.7%


99.5%

0.5%
68.9%
58.8%

Truck SUV
L5
2006
0.0505
39.9


6.5%
73.1%
20.3%


99.5%

0.5%
65.9%
61.8%

Truck SUV
L5
2007
0.0518
41.1


6.5%
78.6%
15.0%


99.8%

0.2%
72.2%
67.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2008
0.0537
42.0


8.9%
77.5%
13.7%


99.8%

0.2%
76.8%
69.4%

Truck SUV
L5
2009
0.0534
42.9


9.8%
83.9%
6.3%


100.0%


83.4%
83.8%

Truck SUV
L5
2010
0.0530
43.9


12.0%
75.8%
12.3%


100.0%


79.8%
81.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2011
0.0560
45.3


11.1%
77.3%
11.6%


100.0%


93.4%
98.8%

Truck SUV
L5
2012
0.0574
45.5


9.9%
80.5%
9.6%


100.0%


99.6%
99.6%

Truck SUV
L5
2013
0.0571
45.5


11.9%
80.4%
7.7%


100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

Truck SUV
L5
2014
0.0555
45.2


4.7%
91.0%
4.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2015
0.0597
43.5


8.1%
83.8%
8.1%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2016
0.0604
43.0



88.6%
11.4%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2017
0.0617
41.4



93.9%
6.1%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L5
2018
0.0577
44.0



90.7%
9.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L6
1975















Truck SUV
L6
1976















Truck SUV
L6
1977















Truck SUV
L6
1978















Truck SUV
L6
1979















Truck SUV
L6
1980















Truck SUV
L6
1981















Truck SUV
L6
1982















Truck SUV
L6
1983















Truck SUV
L6
1984















Truck SUV
L6
1985















Truck SUV
L6
1986















Truck SUV
L6
1987















Truck SUV
L6
1988















Truck SUV
L6
1989















Truck SUV
L6
1990















Truck SUV
L6
1991















Truck SUV
L6
1992















Truck SUV
L6
1993















Truck SUV
L6
1994















Truck SUV
L6
1995















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-130	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L6
1996
















Truck SUV
L6
1997
















Truck SUV
L6
1998
















Truck SUV
L6
1999
















Truck SUV
L6
2000
















Truck SUV
L6
2001
















Truck SUV
L6
2002
















Truck SUV
L6
2003
















Truck SUV
L6
2004
49
0.012
19.3
13.2
18.4
15.7
670.2
483.0
566.6
5410


232
274
8.8
1.175
Truck SUV
L6
2005
67
0.020
19.1
12.9
18.1
15.5
682.1
488.3
575.1
5585


264
294
8.3
1.127
Truck SUV
L6
2006
157
0.052
18.8
12.7
18.0
15.3
698.9
491.9
582.5
5580


271
302
8.2
1.122
Truck SUV
L6
2007
502
0.151
20.9
14.0
20.1
16.9
623.9
437.4
524.6
5139


256
299
8.0
1.206
Truck SUV
L6
2008
685
0.223
21.4
14.3
20.5
17.3
612.2
428.7
513.4
5166
52.5

248
292
8.2
1.201
Truck SUV
L6
2009
640
0.373
23.1
15.5
22.0
18.7
566.8
400.3
476.7
4918
51.7

229
276
8.1
1.232
Truck SUV
L6
2010
958
0.416
23.7
16.0
22.2
19.0
548.2
397.0
467.8
4926
51.2

233
279
8.1
1.221
Truck SUV
L6
2011
1310
0.427
23.8
16.1
22.1
19.1
542.9
397.1
466.8
5039
52.5

240
290
8.0
1.240
Truck SUV
L6
2012
1175
0.424
23.8
16.1
22.2
19.1
543.4
396.2
466.3
4974
52.4

238
289
8.0
1.244
Truck SUV
L6
2013
1653
0.499
25.4
17.1
23.5
20.3
504.2
369.9
438.6
4792
51.1

218
270
8.3
1.300
Truck SUV
L6
2014
1616
0.436
26.5
17.9
24.4
21.1
486.2
358.5
421.6
4599
50.4

201
257
8.4
1.321
Truck SUV
L6
2015
2151
0.458
26.7
18.0
24.6
21.2
485.1
357.7
419.0
4693
50.6

206
266
8.3
1.332
Truck SUV
L6
2016
2169
0.459
26.9
18.0
24.7
21.3
481.5
355.2
417.1
4598
50.3

196
259
8.3
1.367
Truck SUV
L6
2017
2239
0.415
26.8
18.0
24.8
21.3
483.6
353.7
417.5
4616
50.3

191
261
8.3
1.419
Truck SUV
L6
2018
-
0.311
28.8
19.4
25.8
22.6
448.8
340.0
394.1
4388
49.0

175
240
8.6
1.436
Truck SUV
L7
1975
















Truck SUV
L7
1976
















Truck SUV
L7
1977
















Truck SUV
L7
1978
















Truck SUV
L7
1979
















Truck SUV
L7
1980
















Truck SUV
L7
1981
















Truck SUV
L7
1982
















Truck SUV
L7
1983
















Truck SUV
L7
1984
















Truck SUV
L7
1985
















Truck SUV
L7
1986
















Truck SUV
L7
1987
















Truck SUV
L7
1988
















Truck SUV
L7
1989
















Truck SUV
L7
1990
















Truck SUV
L7
1991
















Truck SUV
L7
1992
















Truck SUV
L7
1993
















Truck SUV
L7
1994
















Truck SUV
L7
1995
















Truck SUV
L7
1996
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-131	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L6
1996















Truck SUV
L6
1997















Truck SUV
L6
1998















Truck SUV
L6
1999















Truck SUV
L6
2000















Truck SUV
L6
2001















Truck SUV
L6
2002















Truck SUV
L6
2003















Truck SUV
L6
2004
0.0510
42.6



100.0%



98.7%

1.3%
98.7%
98.7%

Truck SUV
L6
2005
0.0530
43.2



83.4%
16.6%


100.0%


98.1%
98.1%

Truck SUV
L6
2006
0.0545
42.6



85.6%
14.4%


99.6%

0.4%
96.2%
96.2%

Truck SUV
L6
2007
0.0581
43.5


11.7%
77.8%
10.5%


99.9%

0.1%
80.0%
79.2%

Truck SUV
L6
2008
0.0563
44.7


20.2%
70.0%
9.8%

8.8%
91.2%

0.0%
90.2%
85.6%

Truck SUV
L6
2009
0.0560
45.8


33.7%
56.6%
9.7%

20.2%
79.1%

0.7%
84.5%
67.0%

Truck SUV
L6
2010
0.0567
46.8


21.5%
70.2%
8.3%

27.4%
71.7%

1.0%
88.8%
89.3%

Truck SUV
L6
2011
0.0576
47.9


21.2%
70.2%
8.6%

28.2%
71.0%

0.8%
80.3%
99.2%

Truck SUV
L6
2012
0.0581
47.4


23.9%
68.3%
7.8%

31.4%
67.6%

1.0%
81.6%
99.0%

Truck SUV
L6
2013
0.0561
48.6


16.8%
76.3%
7.0%

31.2%
68.5%

0.2%
83.4%
98.1%

Truck SUV
L6
2014
0.0556
48.4


21.6%
74.5%
3.9%

43.3%
56.7%


93.5%
97.8%

Truck SUV
L6
2015
0.0562
49.6


17.6%
75.9%
6.5%

51.4%
48.6%


85.6%
99.2%

Truck SUV
L6
2016
0.0559
49.0


19.7%
75.3%
5.0%

64.9%
35.1%


90.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L6
2017
0.0560
49.1


20.5%
74.5%
4.9%

67.1%
32.9%


91.4%
99.5%

Truck SUV
L6
2018
0.0540
49.6


18.6%
77.7%
3.6%

60.2%
38.7%

1.1%
91.5%
97.8%

Truck SUV
L7
1975















Truck SUV
L7
1976















Truck SUV
L7
1977















Truck SUV
L7
1978















Truck SUV
L7
1979















Truck SUV
L7
1980















Truck SUV
L7
1981















Truck SUV
L7
1982















Truck SUV
L7
1983















Truck SUV
L7
1984















Truck SUV
L7
1985















Truck SUV
L7
1986















Truck SUV
L7
1987















Truck SUV
L7
1988















Truck SUV
L7
1989















Truck SUV
L7
1990















Truck SUV
L7
1991















Truck SUV
L7
1992















Truck SUV
L7
1993















Truck SUV
L7
1994















Truck SUV
L7
1995















Truck SUV
L7
1996















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-132	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L7
1997
















Truck SUV
L7
199S
















Truck SUV
L7
1999
















Truck SUV
L7
2000
















Truck SUV
L7
2001
















Truck SUV
L7
2002
















Truck SUV
L7
2003
















Truck SUV
L7
2004
















Truck SUV
L7
2005
















Truck SUV
L7
2006
50
0.017
21.0
14.4
19.3
16.8
612.9
460.0
527.7
5000


233
275
8.0
1.201
Truck SUV
L7
2007
63
0.019
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
637.3
484.3
554.1
5290


252
303
7.9
1.204
Truck SUV
L7
200S
68
0.022
20.8
14.3
19.1
16.7
627.1
473.0
542.9
5474
52.6

247
297
8.3
1.206
Truck SUV
L7
2009
50
0.029
21.2
14.6
19.5
17.0
614.6
459.7
529.9
5218
52.0

240
298
7.9
1.246
Truck SUV
L7
2010
78
0.034
21.6
14.8
19.7
17.3
601.5
451.2
519.0
5063
50.7

230
281
8.0
1.228
Truck SUV
L7
2011
98
0.032
21.2
14.5
19.6
17.0
613.9
456.0
527.1
5362
52.8

253
307
7.8
1.223
Truck SUV
L7
2012
106
0.038
22.5
15.5
20.7
18.1
574.3
432.1
500.3
5365
52.7

247
313
7.8
1.282
Truck SUV
L7
2013
107
0.032
23.9
16.3
21.5
18.9
540.8
411.8
475.6
5271
51.9

241
327
7.4
1.369
Truck SUV
L7
2014
111
0.030
23.7
16.1
21.6
18.8
547.1
410.3
478.5
5344
52.2

246
330
7.5
1.358
Truck SUV
L7
2015
145
0.031
25.1
17.1
22.5
19.8
513.2
389.0
452.1
5132
51.3

214
313
7.6
1.512
Truck SUV
L7
2016
97
0.021
24.1
16.6
21.7
19.1
528.4
402.6
466.3
5337
52.2

226
332
7.4
1.514
Truck SUV
L7
2017
124
0.023
22.7
15.4
20.6
18.0
560.2
419.2
493.3
5514
53.4

270
349
7.2
1.335
Truck SUV
L7
201S
-
0.034
26.9
18.4
23.6
21.0
462.8
365.5
422.3
4993
51.0

199
297
7.6
1.640
Truck SUV
LS
1975
















Truck SUV
LS
1976
















Truck SUV
LS
1977
















Truck SUV
LS
197S
















Truck SUV
LS
1979
















Truck SUV
LS
19S0
















Truck SUV
LS
19S1
















Truck SUV
LS
19S2
















Truck SUV
LS
19S3
















Truck SUV
LS
19S4
















Truck SUV
LS
19S5
















Truck SUV
LS
19S6
















Truck SUV
LS
19S7
















Truck SUV
LS
19SS
















Truck SUV
LS
19S9
















Truck SUV
LS
1990
















Truck SUV
LS
1991
















Truck SUV
LS
1992
















Truck SUV
LS
1993
















Truck SUV
LS
1994
















Truck SUV
LS
1995
















Truck SUV
LS
1996
















Truck SUV
LS
1997
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-13 3	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L7
1997















Truck SUV
L7
199S















Truck SUV
L7
1999















Truck SUV
L7
2000















Truck SUV
L7
2001















Truck SUV
L7
2002















Truck SUV
L7
2003















Truck SUV
L7
2004















Truck SUV
L7
2005















Truck SUV
L7
2006
0.0551
42.3



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
78.2%

Truck SUV
L7
2007
0.0570
43.2



100.0%



91.5%

8.5%
100.0%


Truck SUV
L7
200S
0.0541
46.1



100.0%



83.2%

16.8%
100.0%


Truck SUV
L7
2009
0.0572
44.5



95.6%
4.4%


88.7%

11.3%
100.0%
80.5%

Truck SUV
L7
2010
0.055S
43.S



91.0%
9.0%


92.9%

7.1%
100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L7
2011
0.0573
45.S



64.4%
35.6%

17.6%
73.3%

9.0%
100.0%
91.0%

Truck SUV
L7
2012
0.05S6
4S.9



93.7%
6.3%

47.8%
39.1%

13.1%
100.0%
86.9%

Truck SUV
L7
2013
0.0623
50.4



85.9%
14.1%

79.8%
9.3%

11.0%
100.0%
89.0%

Truck SUV
L7
2014
0.0617
51.0



S3.2%
16.8%

84.1%
3.1%

12.8%
100.0%
87.2%

Truck SUV
L7
2015
0.0606
51.3



S3.7%
16.3%

88.6%
3.6%

7.8%
100.0%
94.6%

Truck SUV
L7
2016
0.061S
51.4



76.4%
23.6%

93.0%
3.5%

3.5%
100.0%
98.3%

Truck SUV
L7
2017
0.0631
49.9



66.7%
33.3%

93.8%
6.2%


100.0%
100.0%
1.7%
Truck SUV
L7
201S
0.0590
53.0



75.7%
24.3%

99.6%
0.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%
Truck SUV
LS
1975















Truck SUV
LS
1976















Truck SUV
LS
1977















Truck SUV
LS
197S















Truck SUV
LS
1979















Truck SUV
LS
19S0















Truck SUV
LS
19S1















Truck SUV
LS
19S2















Truck SUV
LS
19S3















Truck SUV
LS
19S4















Truck SUV
LS
19S5















Truck SUV
LS
19S6















Truck SUV
LS
19S7















Truck SUV
LS
19SS















Truck SUV
LS
19S9















Truck SUV
LS
1990















Truck SUV
LS
1991















Truck SUV
LS
1992















Truck SUV
LS
1993















Truck SUV
LS
1994















Truck SUV
LS
1995















Truck SUV
LS
1996















Truck SUV
LS
1997















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-134	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
LS
199S
















Truck SUV
LS
1999
















Truck SUV
LS
2000
















Truck SUV
LS
2001
















Truck SUV
LS
2002
















Truck SUV
LS
2003
















Truck SUV
LS
2004
















Truck SUV
LS
2005
















Truck SUV
LS
2006
















Truck SUV
LS
2007
















Truck SUV
LS
200S
















Truck SUV
LS
2009
















Truck SUV
LS
2010
















Truck SUV
LS
2011
98
0.032
25.4
17.1
23.9
20.4
51S.7
372.7
439.6
4921
50.9

190
291
7.5
1.555
Truck SUV
LS
2012
107
0.03S
25.5
17.1
24.0
20.5
519.2
371.6
43S.S
4931
51.0

1S3
2S3
7.6
1.56S
Truck SUV
LS
2013
177
0.054
25.9
17.4
24.3
20.S
50S.1
364.5
432.1
4S22
50.S

179
2SS
7.4
1.650
Truck SUV
LS
2014
577
0.156
25.4
17.0
23.9
20.3
51S.4
371.2
439.2
49S7
51.5

217
301
7.4
1.42S
Truck SUV
LS
2015
635
0.135
25.2
16.9
23.S
20.2
523.6
373.6
442.2
5102
52.2

22S
30S
7.4
1.401
Truck SUV
LS
2016
600
0.127
25.9
17.5
23.S
20.6
502.5
370.5
433.2
5145
52.3

227
325
7.2
1.536
Truck SUV
LS
2017
1047
0.194
27.1
IS.2
24.9
21.5
4S2.2
353.2
413.3
4944
51.4

219
313
7.1
1.49S
Truck SUV
LS
201S
-
0.220
2S.1
19.0
25.0
22.0
464.6
353.5
404.9
4729
50.5

195
292
7.3
1.571
Truck SUV
L9
1975
















Truck SUV
L9
1976
















Truck SUV
L9
1977
















Truck SUV
L9
197S
















Truck SUV
L9
1979
















Truck SUV
L9
19S0
















Truck SUV
L9
19S1
















Truck SUV
L9
19S2
















Truck SUV
L9
19S3
















Truck SUV
L9
19S4
















Truck SUV
L9
19S5
















Truck SUV
L9
19S6
















Truck SUV
L9
19S7
















Truck SUV
L9
19SS
















Truck SUV
L9
19S9
















Truck SUV
L9
1990
















Truck SUV
L9
1991
















Truck SUV
L9
1992
















Truck SUV
L9
1993
















Truck SUV
L9
1994
















Truck SUV
L9
1995
















Truck SUV
L9
1996
















Truck SUV
L9
1997
















Truck SUV
L9
199S
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-13 5	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
LS
199S















Truck SUV
LS
1999















Truck SUV
LS
2000















Truck SUV
LS
2001















Truck SUV
LS
2002















Truck SUV
LS
2003















Truck SUV
LS
2004















Truck SUV
LS
2005















Truck SUV
LS
2006















Truck SUV
LS
2007















Truck SUV
LS
200S















Truck SUV
LS
2009















Truck SUV
LS
2010















Truck SUV
LS
2011
0.0591
50.4



100.0%


77.1%
16.1%

6.9%
100.0%
100.0%
1.7%
Truck SUV
LS
2012
0.0573
50.7



100.0%


81.2%
10.4%

8.4%
100.0%
91.6%
1.6%
Truck SUV
LS
2013
0.0596
50.3



100.0%


89.4%
3.5%

7.2%
100.0%
92.8%
1.0%
Truck SUV
LS
2014
0.0602
51.0



S3.9%
16.1%

33.6%
62.1%

4.3%
40.9%
92.2%
0.2%
Truck SUV
LS
2015
0.0601
51.S



S3.2%
16.8%

38.6%
55.8%

5.6%
85.0%
93.7%
0.0%
Truck SUV
LS
2016
0.0627
53.2


0.1%
88.2%
11.8%

59.7%
36.5%

3.9%
81.6%
95.8%
0.0%
Truck SUV
LS
2017
0.0632
53.4


10.6%
80.0%
9.4%

41.3%
57.5%

1.2%
89.6%
98.8%

Truck SUV
LS
201S
0.0617
52.2


13.3%
80.7%
5.9%

47.9%
50.3%

1.8%
97.1%
92.8%
5.6%
Truck SUV
L9
1975















Truck SUV
L9
1976















Truck SUV
L9
1977















Truck SUV
L9
197S















Truck SUV
L9
1979















Truck SUV
L9
19S0















Truck SUV
L9
19S1















Truck SUV
L9
19S2















Truck SUV
L9
19S3















Truck SUV
L9
19S4















Truck SUV
L9
19S5















Truck SUV
L9
19S6















Truck SUV
L9
19S7















Truck SUV
L9
19SS















Truck SUV
L9
19S9















Truck SUV
L9
1990















Truck SUV
L9
1991















Truck SUV
L9
1992















Truck SUV
L9
1993















Truck SUV
L9
1994















Truck SUV
L9
1995















Truck SUV
L9
1996















Truck SUV
L9
1997















Truck SUV
L9
199S















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-136	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
L9
1999
















Truck SUV
L9
2000
















Truck SUV
L9
2001
















Truck SUV
L9
2002
















Truck SUV
L9
2003
















Truck SUV
L9
2004
















Truck SUV
L9
2005
















Truck SUV
L9
2006
















Truck SUV
L9
2007
















Truck SUV
L9
2008
















Truck SUV
L9
2009
















Truck SUV
L9
2010
















Truck SUV
L9
2011
















Truck SUV
L9
2012
















Truck SUV
L9
2013
















Truck SUV
L9
2014
ill
0.030
28.8
19.3
26.5
22.8
459.3
334.9
389.5
4130
46.4

174
240
7.6
1.379
Truck SUV
L9
2015
211
0.045
30.2
20.2
27.4
23.7
440.0
323.9
374.5
3995
45.6

167
229
7.7
1.381
Truck SUV
L9
2016
407
0.086
29.9
19.8
27.0
23.3
447.5
328.3
380.6
4139
47.4

176
244
7.5
1.399
Truck SUV
L9
2017
447
0.083
29.2
19.4
26.4
22.9
454.2
332.8
388.7
4302
48.1

175
251
7.5
1.447
Truck SUV
L9
2018
-
0.143
30.0
19.9
27.0
23.4
443.2
326.7
379.9
4255
48.9

165
255
7.4
1.595
Truck SUV
M3
1975
















Truck SUV
M3
1976
















Truck SUV
M3
1977
















Truck SUV
M3
1978
















Truck SUV
M3
1979
81
0.211
16.7
13.9
14.5
14.2
636.1
610.2
627.1
3255


275
120
13.6
0.437
Truck SUV
M3
1980
20
0.106
15.6
12.5
14.1
13.2
703.7
627.6
673.6
4781


310
140
15.5
0.451
Truck SUV
M3
1981
9
0.066
16.5
13.4
14.9
14.0
659.9
592.8
633.7
4693


304
131
15.9
0.430
Truck SUV
M3
1982
9
0.063
16.3
13.1
14.9
13.9
674.1
592.5
641.5
4657


307
136
16.5
0.442
Truck SUV
M3
1983
8
0.032
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
627.1
550.6
599.2
4705


308
137
15.1
0.447
Truck SUV
M3
1984
4
0.006
15.6
12.2
15.0
13.3
728.3
589.6
667.3
5066


311
161
14.0
0.518
Truck SUV
M3
1985
12
0.019
16.9
13.6
15.5
14.4
640.1
568.0
617.6
4794


306
150
14.1
0.489
Truck SUV
M3
1986
10
0.013
16.7
13.3
15.4
14.2
657.5
574.8
627.1
4884


307
146
13.9
0.474
Truck SUV
M3
1987
7
0.008
16.4
13.0
14.9
13.8
678.2
592.7
642.6
5047


314
165
13.3
0.522
Truck SUV
M3
1988
3
0.004
15.6
12.2
14.4
13.1
726.5
614.3
676.7
5098


340
192
12.2
0.563
Truck SUV
M3
1989
3
0.004
15.8
12.3
14.5
13.3
713.1
611.6
669.9
5111


326
174
12.6
0.531
Truck SUV
M3
1990
1
0.002
14.9
11.4
14.0
12.5
776.8
635.3
710.3
5204


343
199
10.8
0.578
Truck SUV
M3
1991
1
0.001
15.0
11.6
13.6
12.5
764.1
654.1
711.4
5000


348
207
10.4
0.593
Truck SUV
M3
1992
19
0.025
21.2
16.0
19.7
17.6
557.0
451.4
504.8
3500


242
190
9.0
0.785
Truck SUV
M3
1993
















Truck SUV
M3
1994
















Truck SUV
M3
1995
















Truck SUV
M3
1996
















Truck SUV
M3
1997
















Truck SUV
M3
1998
















Truck SUV
M3
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-137	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
L9
1999















Truck SUV
L9
2000















Truck SUV
L9
2001















Truck SUV
L9
2002















Truck SUV
L9
2003















Truck SUV
L9
2004















Truck SUV
L9
2005















Truck SUV
L9
2006















Truck SUV
L9
2007















Truck SUV
L9
2008















Truck SUV
L9
2009















Truck SUV
L9
2010















Truck SUV
L9
2011















Truck SUV
L9
2012















Truck SUV
L9
2013















Truck SUV
L9
2014
0.0579
47.2



100.0%


6.2%
93.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L9
2015
0.0572
47.4



100.0%


9.1%
90.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L9
2016
0.0585
48.2


7.9%
92.1%


45.3%
54.7%

0.0%
100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L9
2017
0.0579
48.9


6.2%
93.8%


53.4%
46.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
L9
2018
0.0595
49.6


15.4%
84.6%


69.1%
30.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M3
1975















Truck SUV
M3
1976















Truck SUV
M3
1977















Truck SUV
M3
1978















Truck SUV
M3
1979
0.0371
23.0



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M3
1980
0.0291
31.7



84.2%
15.8%
98.3%



1.7%



Truck SUV
M3
1981
0.0278
33.1



96.7%
3.3%
100.0%







Truck SUV
M3
1982
0.0290
32.4



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M3
1983
0.0291
35.2



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M3
1984
0.0317
33.8



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M3
1985
0.0313
34.8



100.0%

85.8%

14.2%





Truck SUV
M3
1986
0.0298
34.8



100.0%

66.1%

33.9%





Truck SUV
M3
1987
0.0326
35.1



100.0%

10.0%

51.0%
39.0%




Truck SUV
M3
1988
0.0377
33.6



100.0%

3.9%

12.3%
83.8%




Truck SUV
M3
1989
0.0340
34.1



100.0%



40.7%
59.3%




Truck SUV
M3
1990
0.0383
32.6



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
M3
1991
0.0414
31.3



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
M3
1992
0.0543
30.8



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
M3
1993















Truck SUV
M3
1994















Truck SUV
M3
1995















Truck SUV
M3
1996















Truck SUV
M3
1997















Truck SUV
M3
1998















Truck SUV
M3
1999















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-13 8	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
M3
2000
















Truck SUV
M3
2001
















Truck SUV
M3
2002
















Truck SUV
M3
2003
















Truck SUV
M3
2004
















Truck SUV
M3
2005
















Truck SUV
M3
2006
















Truck SUV
M3
2007
















Truck SUV
M3
2008
















Truck SUV
M3
2009
















Truck SUV
M3
2010
















Truck SUV
M3
2011
















Truck SUV
M3
2012
















Truck SUV
M3
2013
















Truck SUV
M3
2014
















Truck SUV
M3
2015
















Truck SUV
M3
2016
















Truck SUV
M3
2017
















Truck SUV
M3
2018
















Truck SUV
M4
1975
















Truck SUV
M4
1976
















Truck SUV
M4
1977
















Truck SUV
M4
1978
















Truck SUV
M4
1979
46
0.120
12.3
10.0
11.0
10.4
868.1
792.5
852.0
4966


328
156
14.1
0.478
Truck SUV
M4
1980
61
0.330
19.1
15.4
17.2
16.2
564.5
512.5
553.9
3184


222
95
16.1
0.462
Truck SUV
M4
1981
47
0.344
20.1
16.0
18.7
17.1
541.4
470.5
520.1
3293


235
106
15.0
0.467
Truck SUV
M4
1982
28
0.186
19.3
15.3
18.0
16.5
566.1
488.0
545.6
3648


247
107
17.0
0.469
Truck SUV
M4
1983
44
0.173
20.5
16.2
19.2
17.4
533.8
453.7
510.2
3397


215
106
15.3
0.531
Truck SUV
M4
1984
79
0.139
20.4
16.2
19.0
17.4
522.4
451.0
510.9
3613


207
105
15.7
0.551
Truck SUV
M4
1985
51
0.079
21.7
17.2
20.3
18.5
490.9
422.9
480.7
3540


157
94
17.0
0.629
Truck SUV
M4
1986
23
0.032
21.1
16.7
19.4
17.9
516.9
444.0
497.8
3655


206
115
13.8
0.596
Truck SUV
M4
1987
15
0.019
19.0
14.9
17.6
16.1
551.7
466.9
553.2
3985


202
122
14.1
0.634
Truck SUV
M4
1988
1
0.001
26.6
20.9
24.3
22.4
425.5
365.3
397.2
3500


150
117
13.9
0.780
Truck SUV
M4
1989
















Truck SUV
M4
1990
















Truck SUV
M4
1991
















Truck SUV
M4
1992
11
0.014
21.6
16.2
20.3
18.0
548.2
438.0
493.8
3500


242
190
8.8
0.785
Truck SUV
M4
1993
















Truck SUV
M4
1994
















Truck SUV
M4
1995
















Truck SUV
M4
1996
















Truck SUV
M4
1997
















Truck SUV
M4
1998
















Truck SUV
M4
1999
















Truck SUV
M4
2000
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-13 9	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
M3
2000















Truck SUV
M3
2001















Truck SUV
M3
2002















Truck SUV
M3
2003















Truck SUV
M3
2004















Truck SUV
M3
2005















Truck SUV
M3
2006















Truck SUV
M3
2007















Truck SUV
M3
2008















Truck SUV
M3
2009















Truck SUV
M3
2010















Truck SUV
M3
2011















Truck SUV
M3
2012















Truck SUV
M3
2013















Truck SUV
M3
2014















Truck SUV
M3
2015















Truck SUV
M3
2016















Truck SUV
M3
2017















Truck SUV
M3
2018















Truck SUV
M4
1975















Truck SUV
M4
1976















Truck SUV
M4
1977















Truck SUV
M4
1978















Truck SUV
M4
1979
0.0311
26.1



60.2%
39.8%
98.4%



1.6%



Truck SUV
M4
1980
0.0299
26.1



100.0%
0.0%
93.4%



6.6%



Truck SUV
M4
1981
0.0323
28.3



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M4
1982
0.0298
30.3



100.0%

91.7%



8.3%



Truck SUV
M4
1983
0.0314
29.8



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M4
1984
0.0293
31.7



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M4
1985
0.0263
33.1



100.0%

94.4%


5.6%




Truck SUV
M4
1986
0.0317
33.2



100.0%

55.4%


44.6%




Truck SUV
M4
1987
0.0308
33.5



100.0%

32.6%

8.1%
59.3%




Truck SUV
M4
1988
0.0334
39.2



100.0%




100.0%




Truck SUV
M4
1989















Truck SUV
M4
1990















Truck SUV
M4
1991















Truck SUV
M4
1992
0.0543
31.5



100.0%



100.0%





Truck SUV
M4
1993















Truck SUV
M4
1994















Truck SUV
M4
1995















Truck SUV
M4
1996















Truck SUV
M4
1997















Truck SUV
M4
1998















Truck SUV
M4
1999















Truck SUV
M4
2000















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-140	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
M4
2001
















Truck SUV
M4
2002
















Truck SUV
M4
2003
















Truck SUV
M4
2004
















Truck SUV
M4
2005
















Truck SUV
M4
2006
















Truck SUV
M4
2007
















Truck SUV
M4
2008
















Truck SUV
M4
2009
















Truck SUV
M4
2010
















Truck SUV
M4
2011
















Truck SUV
M4
2012
















Truck SUV
M4
2013
















Truck SUV
M4
2014
















Truck SUV
M4
2015
















Truck SUV
M4
2016
















Truck SUV
M4
2017
















Truck SUV
M4
2018
















Truck SUV
M5
1975
















Truck SUV
M5
1976
















Truck SUV
M5
1977
















Truck SUV
M5
1978
















Truck SUV
M5
1979
















Truck SUV
M5
1980
















Truck SUV
M5
1981
















Truck SUV
M5
1982
11
0.070
20.2
15.7
19.6
17.2
561.3
452.7
516.0
3063


244
105
14.8
0.437
Truck SUV
M5
1983
34
0.133
21.4
16.5
20.9
18.2
537.2
422.0
488.0
3495


206
110
14.3
0.555
Truck SUV
M5
1984
90
0.157
22.4
17.3
21.9
19.1
511.0
404.9
465.3
3467


181
105
14.7
0.596
Truck SUV
M5
1985
128
0.198
22.2
17.0
22.0
18.9
516.1
403.8
469.5
3573


169
106
14.7
0.636
Truck SUV
M5
1986
246
0.344
24.1
18.9
22.6
20.4
459.5
388.7
436.4
3408


150
107
14.1
0.725
Truck SUV
M5
1987
287
0.369
24.1
18.8
22.5
20.4
454.3
386.9
436.2
3268


157
110
13.8
0.728
Truck SUV
M5
1988
292
0.340
23.8
18.5
22.1
20.0
456.0
390.7
444.3
3299


157
113
13.9
0.741
Truck SUV
M5
1989
209
0.256
22.1
17.0
20.6
18.5
505.7
422.1
479.1
3603


178
125
12.8
0.726
Truck SUV
M5
1990
186
0.289
22.2
17.1
20.4
18.6
499.4
426.4
479.0
3506


171
123
12.0
0.750
Truck SUV
M5
1991
190
0.218
21.5
16.5
19.7
17.9
526.7
444.4
495.7
3802


188
143
11.5
0.774
Truck SUV
M5
1992
136
0.179
21.6
16.4
19.8
17.9
526.5
441.3
495.8
3806


179
137
11.5
0.783
Truck SUV
M5
1993
160
0.191
21.7
16.5
19.8
18.0
527.9
443.6
494.6
3703


191
153
9.9
0.818
Truck SUV
M5
1994
197
0.152
21.4
16.2
19.2
17.6
533.2
455.5
505.1
3679


183
150
10.1
0.826
Truck SUV
M5
1995
239
0.150
21.5
16.3
19.1
17.6
533.3
459.5
503.8
3560


173
144
10.3
0.846
Truck SUV
M5
1996
97
0.061
22.9
17.0
20.6
18.7
508.3
422.3
474.7
3691


182
153
10.5
0.876
Truck SUV
M5
1997
202
0.097
21.9
16.3
19.5
17.8
542.0
453.7
498.9
3654


188
156
10.2
0.840
Truck SUV
M5
1998
160
0.075
22.5
16.7
19.9
18.3
524.5
438.8
486.5
3605


180
157
10.5
0.897
Truck SUV
M5
1999
138
0.059
22.7
16.6
20.1
18.3
523.8
434.8
485.1
3698


179
157
10.5
0.916
Truck SUV
M5
2000
124
0.049
22.3
16.3
19.6
17.9
537.1
445.6
495.4
3796


184
159
10.1
0.897
Truck SUV
M5
2001
102
0.038
22.9
16.6
20.2
18.4
525.3
431.7
483.5
3806


179
165
9.7
0.959
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-141	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
M4
2001















Truck SUV
M4
2002















Truck SUV
M4
2003















Truck SUV
M4
2004















Truck SUV
M4
2005















Truck SUV
M4
2006















Truck SUV
M4
2007















Truck SUV
M4
2008















Truck SUV
M4
2009















Truck SUV
M4
2010















Truck SUV
M4
2011















Truck SUV
M4
2012















Truck SUV
M4
2013















Truck SUV
M4
2014















Truck SUV
M4
2015















Truck SUV
M4
2016















Truck SUV
M4
2017















Truck SUV
M4
2018















Truck SUV
M5
1975















Truck SUV
M5
1976















Truck SUV
M5
1977















Truck SUV
M5
1978















Truck SUV
M5
1979















Truck SUV
M5
1980















Truck SUV
M5
1981















Truck SUV
M5
1982
0.0344
26.5



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M5
1983
0.0320
32.2



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M5
1984
0.0306
33.1



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
M5
1985
0.0298
34.0



100.0%

85.5%

12.6%
1.3%
0.7%



Truck SUV
M5
1986
0.0312
34.9



100.0%

56.1%

28.0%
13.8%
2.1%



Truck SUV
M5
1987
0.0334
33.3



100.0%

48.4%

32.6%
18.9%
0.1%



Truck SUV
M5
1988
0.0337
32.9



100.0%

40.0%

47.9%
12.1%




Truck SUV
M5
1989
0.0347
33.5



99.1%
0.9%
16.2%

48.1%
35.7%




Truck SUV
M5
1990
0.0350
32.6



99.6%
0.4%
10.4%

53.3%
36.3%




Truck SUV
M5
1991
0.0374
34.1



99.1%
0.9%


75.0%
25.0%




Truck SUV
M5
1992
0.0361
34.1



98.0%
2.0%


70.4%
29.6%




Truck SUV
M5
1993
0.0416
33.3



98.3%
1.7%


90.5%
9.5%




Truck SUV
M5
1994
0.0407
32.4



100.0%



84.4%
15.6%

24.0%


Truck SUV
M5
1995
0.0407
31.4



91.9%
8.1%


95.8%
4.2%

22.8%


Truck SUV
M5
1996
0.0413
34.5



85.8%
14.2%


100.0%


52.9%


Truck SUV
M5
1997
0.0425
32.6



93.1%
6.9%


100.0%


39.3%


Truck SUV
M5
1998
0.0435
33.2



97.9%
2.1%


100.0%


45.7%


Truck SUV
M5
1999
0.0424
34.1



98.0%
2.0%


100.0%


43.8%


Truck SUV
M5
2000
0.0417
34.2



98.6%
1.4%


100.0%


37.1%


Truck SUV
M5
2001
0.0431
35.2



98.1%
1.9%


100.0%


49.6%
11.7%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-142	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
M5
2002
115
0.032
21.8
15.6
19.5
17.5
557.5
448.1
507.5
4006


192
173
9.7
0.933
Truck SUV
M5
2003
80
0.022
22.5
16.0
19.9
18.0
542.2
436.0
494.5
3797


190
174
9.3
0.956
Truck SUV
M5
2004
85
0.021
22.1
15.6
19.6
17.6
559.0
445.0
503.9
3856


198
179
9.2
0.938
Truck SUV
M5
2005
30
0.009
26.0
18.0
23.1
20.6
488.8
379.0
432.2
3728


157
169
9.4
1.087
Truck SUV
M5
2006
26
0.009
25.1
17.3
22.4
19.9
504.7
389.9
446.9
3906


164
175
9.5
1.084
Truck SUV
M5
2007
22
0.007
27.5
19.0
24.3
21.7
460.9
360.6
409.5
3749


151
177
9.3
1.175
Truck SUV
M5
2008
15
0.005
28.8
19.8
25.3
22.6
440.4
345.9
392.5
3670
43.1

150
171
9.4
1.148
Truck SUV
M5
2009
14
0.008
29.3
20.0
26.0
23.0
441.7
340.6
385.8
3558
43.4

148
177
9.0
1.198
Truck SUV
M5
2010
14
0.006
29.9
20.4
26.6
23.5
434.0
333.5
378.1
3511
43.2

149
170
9.2
1.138
Truck SUV
M5
2011
10
0.003
31.3
21.5
26.7
24.2
412.2
332.1
367.1
3500
43.2

146
169
9.2
1.159
Truck SUV
M5
2012
6
0.002
31.1
21.3
26.8
24.1
417.0
331.4
368.4
3500
43.2

151
171
9.2
1.134
Truck SUV
M5
2013
9
0.003
32.1
21.9
27.7
24.9
405.0
319.8
357.2
3500
43.2

139
161
9.6
1.165
Truck SUV
M5
2014
7
0.002
33.5
22.9
28.6
25.8
388.6
310.1
344.0
3500
43.3

130
156
9.8
1.200
Truck SUV
M5
2015
6
0.001
33.7
22.7
29.3
26.0
391.0
303.0
341.2
3500
43.1

127
153
10.0
1.205
Truck SUV
M5
2016
7
0.002
33.7
22.7
29.3
26.1
390.7
302.3
340.6
3500
43.1

127
152
10.0
1.206
Truck SUV
M5
2017
7
0.001
33.9
22.9
30.1
26.5
388.7
295.0
335.5
3500
43.2

125
151
10.1
1.208
Truck SUV
M5
2018
















Truck SUV
M6
1975
















Truck SUV
M6
1976
















Truck SUV
M6
1977
















Truck SUV
M6
1978
















Truck SUV
M6
1979
















Truck SUV
M6
1980
















Truck SUV
M6
1981
















Truck SUV
M6
1982
















Truck SUV
M6
1983
















Truck SUV
M6
1984
















Truck SUV
M6
1985
















Truck SUV
M6
1986
















Truck SUV
M6
1987
















Truck SUV
M6
1988
















Truck SUV
M6
1989
















Truck SUV
M6
1990
















Truck SUV
M6
1991
















Truck SUV
M6
1992
















Truck SUV
M6
1993
















Truck SUV
M6
1994
















Truck SUV
M6
1995
















Truck SUV
M6
1996
















Truck SUV
M6
1997
















Truck SUV
M6
1998
















Truck SUV
M6
1999
















Truck SUV
M6
2000
















Truck SUV
M6
2001
















Truck SUV
M6
2002
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-143	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
M5
2002
0.0432
35.2



95.8%
4.2%


100.0%


55.5%
14.3%

Truck SUV
M5
2003
0.0459
34.6


5.0%
94.6%
0.4%


100.0%


47.5%
25.4%

Truck SUV
M5
2004
0.0465
34.3


2.2%
94.6%
3.2%


100.0%


47.0%
21.6%

Truck SUV
M5
2005
0.0455
38.5


5.9%
83.4%
10.7%


100.0%


99.8%
45.4%

Truck SUV
M5
2006
0.0451
38.9


6.3%
84.8%
8.9%


100.0%


100.0%
51.6%

Truck SUV
M5
2007
0.0476
40.8


23.7%
73.8%
2.5%


100.0%


92.2%
64.4%

Truck SUV
M5
2008
0.0468
41.8


32.6%
65.9%
1.5%


100.0%


94.7%
72.4%

Truck SUV
M5
2009
0.0499
41.0


16.3%
82.0%
1.8%

0.6%
99.4%


100.0%
31.7%

Truck SUV
M5
2010
0.0483
41.4


16.5%
82.4%
1.2%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2011
0.0482
42.4


25.2%
72.9%
1.9%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2012
0.0488
42.2



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2013
0.0459
43.6



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2014
0.0446
45.2



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2015
0.0437
45.6



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2016
0.0436
45.7



100.0%


18.6%
81.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2017
0.0431
46.4



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M5
2018















Truck SUV
M6
1975















Truck SUV
M6
1976















Truck SUV
M6
1977















Truck SUV
M6
1978















Truck SUV
M6
1979















Truck SUV
M6
1980















Truck SUV
M6
1981















Truck SUV
M6
1982















Truck SUV
M6
1983















Truck SUV
M6
1984















Truck SUV
M6
1985















Truck SUV
M6
1986















Truck SUV
M6
1987















Truck SUV
M6
1988















Truck SUV
M6
1989















Truck SUV
M6
1990















Truck SUV
M6
1991















Truck SUV
M6
1992















Truck SUV
M6
1993















Truck SUV
M6
1994















Truck SUV
M6
1995















Truck SUV
M6
1996















Truck SUV
M6
1997















Truck SUV
M6
1998















Truck SUV
M6
1999















Truck SUV
M6
2000















Truck SUV
M6
2001















Truck SUV
M6
2002















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-144	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
M6
2003
















Truck SUV
M6
2004
6
0.001
22.3
14.8
22.0
18.2
596.6
403.3
489.3
4253


177
219
8.3
1.232
Truck SUV
M6
2005
44
0.013
19.9
13.9
17.8
15.9
631.3
496.5
558.4
3752


229
192
8.3
0.849
Truck SUV
M6
2006
45
0.015
19.3
13.6
17.2
15.4
647.3
514.9
576.9
3986


229
193
8.6
0.852
Truck SUV
M6
2007
47
0.014
20.5
14.5
18.0
16.3
611.7
492.8
545.3
4294


234
209
8.6
0.894
Truck SUV
M6
2008
38
0.012
21.4
15.0
18.8
17.0
591.2
470.9
523.6
4261
42.0

231
201
8.8
0.870
Truck SUV
M6
2009
6
0.004
21.5
15.1
19.0
17.1
586.8
462.9
519.9
4492
42.1

225
203
8.9
0.924
Truck SUV
M6
2010
28
0.012
22.1
15.1
20.4
17.7
580.9
429.9
500.7
4104
42.2

220
200
8.6
0.927
Truck SUV
M6
2011
26
0.009
22.5
15.4
20.9
18.1
570.3
421.2
490.7
4097
46.3

218
200
8.6
0.931
Truck SUV
M6
2012
39
0.014
23.8
16.4
21.4
18.9
540.1
414.1
470.1
4153
44.7

215
272
7.2
1.263
Truck SUV
M6
2013
31
0.009
24.1
16.7
21.7
19.2
529.2
406.7
463.4
4134
44.9

212
268
7.3
1.259
Truck SUV
M6
2014
37
0.010
24.8
17.1
22.2
19.7
509.8
393.2
451.5
4119
45.7

206
252
7.6
1.215
Truck SUV
M6
2015
42
0.009
25.1
17.3
22.5
19.9
503.4
387.4
447.0
4100
45.2

201
254
7.5
1.285
Truck SUV
M6
2016
35
0.007
25.1
17.3
22.5
19.9
502.7
385.8
446.2
4129
46.1

197
256
7.6
1.321
Truck SUV
M6
2017
28
0.005
25.2
17.3
22.7
20.0
503.8
382.2
444.4
4106
46.0

198
254
7.6
1.294
Truck SUV
M6
2018
-
0.012
29.1
19.5
26.4
22.9
445.7
330.4
387.9
3900
45.5

169
220
8.2
1.337
Truck SUV
OT
1975
















Truck SUV
OT
1976
















Truck SUV
OT
1977
















Truck SUV
OT
1978
















Truck SUV
OT
1979
















Truck SUV
OT
1980
















Truck SUV
OT
1981
















Truck SUV
OT
1982
















Truck SUV
OT
1983
1
0.004
13.7
10.6
13.3
11.6
839.7
669.0
762.9
5000


318
160
14.4
0.503
Truck SUV
OT
1984
















Truck SUV
OT
1985
















Truck SUV
OT
1986
















Truck SUV
OT
1987
















Truck SUV
OT
1988
















Truck SUV
OT
1989
















Truck SUV
OT
1990
















Truck SUV
OT
1991
















Truck SUV
OT
1992
















Truck SUV
OT
1993
















Truck SUV
OT
1994
















Truck SUV
OT
1995
















Truck SUV
OT
1996
















Truck SUV
OT
1997
















Truck SUV
OT
1998
















Truck SUV
OT
1999
















Truck SUV
OT
2000
















Truck SUV
OT
2001
















Truck SUV
OT
2002
















Truck SUV
OT
2003
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-145	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
M6
2003















Truck SUV
M6
2004
0.0518
38.5



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2005
0.0513
30.1



100.0%



100.0%


19.2%
9.1%

Truck SUV
M6
2006
0.0481
30.9



100.0%



100.0%


21.8%
9.7%

Truck SUV
M6
2007
0.0487
35.0



98.2%
1.8%


100.0%


33.1%
33.1%

Truck SUV
M6
2008
0.0472
36.2



95.5%
4.5%

0.7%
99.3%


12.8%
12.8%

Truck SUV
M6
2009
0.0451
38.5


6.9%
93.1%


10.6%
89.4%


19.5%
19.5%

Truck SUV
M6
2010
0.0489
36.6


1.4%
98.6%


1.4%
98.6%


23.7%
23.7%

Truck SUV
M6
2011
0.0488
37.2


1.1%
98.9%


1.5%
98.5%


25.9%
25.9%

Truck SUV
M6
2012
0.0655
39.2



100.0%


0.4%
99.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2013
0.0647
39.7



100.0%


0.4%
99.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2014
0.0607
40.7



100.0%


0.2%
99.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2015
0.0614
41.1



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2016
0.0614
41.4



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2017
0.0612
41.4



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
M6
2018
0.0557
44.9



100.0%


13.6%
86.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
OT
1975















Truck SUV
OT
1976















Truck SUV
OT
1977















Truck SUV
OT
1978















Truck SUV
OT
1979















Truck SUV
OT
1980















Truck SUV
OT
1981















Truck SUV
OT
1982















Truck SUV
OT
1983
0.0320
29.1



100.0%

100.0%







Truck SUV
OT
1984















Truck SUV
OT
1985















Truck SUV
OT
1986















Truck SUV
OT
1987















Truck SUV
OT
1988















Truck SUV
OT
1989















Truck SUV
OT
1990















Truck SUV
OT
1991















Truck SUV
OT
1992















Truck SUV
OT
1993















Truck SUV
OT
1994















Truck SUV
OT
1995















Truck SUV
OT
1996















Truck SUV
OT
1997















Truck SUV
OT
1998















Truck SUV
OT
1999















Truck SUV
OT
2000















Truck SUV
OT
2001















Truck SUV
OT
2002















Truck SUV
OT
2003















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-146	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
OT
2004
















Truck SUV
OT
2005
















Truck SUV
OT
2006
















Truck SUV
OT
2007
















Truck SUV
OT
2008
















Truck SUV
OT
2009
















Truck SUV
OT
2010
















Truck SUV
OT
2011
















Truck SUV
OT
2012
















Truck SUV
OT
2013
















Truck SUV
OT
2014
















Truck SUV
OT
2015
l
0.000
37.5
27.0
26.1
26.5
329.2
340.7
335.8
6000
51.8

183
416
5.2
2.272
Truck SUV
OT
2016
10
0.002
54.3
38.9
41.9
40.6
227.9
211.6
219.1
5510
52.3

136
277
6.2
2.072
Truck SUV
OT
2017
10
0.002
53.9
38.5
41.6
40.2
230.1
213.6
221.1
5520
52.4

137
283
6.6
2.098
Truck SUV
OT
2018
-
0.004
45.3
32.4
29.7
30.8
196.3
265.2
240.0
5296
50.7

126
259
6.5
2.066
Pickup
A3
1975
















Pickup
A3
1976
















Pickup
A3
1977
















Pickup
A3
1978
















Pickup
A3
1979
1297
0.588
14.0
11.6
12.3
11.9
747.1
693.4
749.2
4448


331
149
14.8
0.456
Pickup
A3
1980
277
0.193
17.3
14.0
15.5
14.7
607.5
555.1
606.0
3944


278
129
15.6
0.492
Pickup
A3
1981
207
0.144
17.6
14.2
16.0
15.0
606.3
541.3
593.4
3968


288
125
15.8
0.455
Pickup
A3
1982
196
0.136
17.1
13.9
15.3
14.5
620.3
554.6
613.1
3987


292
129
16.4
0.459
Pickup
A3
1983
240
0.147
17.9
14.4
16.3
15.2
582.6
509.7
585.0
3705


248
116
15.9
0.502
Pickup
A3
1984
297
0.146
17.1
13.8
15.6
14.6
618.4
541.6
610.7
3855


269
130
15.2
0.501
Pickup
A3
1985
268
0.129
16.5
13.4
14.9
14.0
644.1
581.7
634.3
4106


306
154
13.6
0.507
Pickup
A3
1986
237
0.093
17.7
14.3
15.9
14.9
599.0
542.7
594.5
4023


288
145
13.4
0.516
Pickup
A3
1987
200
0.093
16.7
13.4
15.1
14.1
650.7
578.7
628.9
4318


303
157
13.2
0.522
Pickup
A3
1988
199
0.081
16.8
13.3
15.2
14.1
655.2
578.1
628.5
4441


309
168
12.9
0.546
Pickup
A3
1989
101
0.045
16.0
12.7
14.4
13.4
689.3
606.9
661.3
4501


319
170
12.5
0.533
Pickup
A3
1990
47
0.026
16.4
13.0
14.6
13.7
648.7
579.2
647.9
4323


328
183
11.0
0.566
Pickup
A3
1991
















Pickup
A3
1992
















Pickup
A3
1993
















Pickup
A3
1994
















Pickup
A3
1995
















Pickup
A3
1996
















Pickup
A3
1997
















Pickup
A3
1998
















Pickup
A3
1999
















Pickup
A3
2000
















Pickup
A3
2001
















Pickup
A3
2002
















Pickup
A3
2003
















Pickup
A3
2004
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-147	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
OT
2004















Truck SUV
OT
2005















Truck SUV
OT
2006















Truck SUV
OT
2007















Truck SUV
OT
2008















Truck SUV
OT
2009















Truck SUV
OT
2010















Truck SUV
OT
2011















Truck SUV
OT
2012















Truck SUV
OT
2013















Truck SUV
OT
2014















Truck SUV
OT
2015
0.0693
79.4



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
OT
2016
0.0503
111.9



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
OT
2017
0.0512
111.1



100.0%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Truck SUV
OT
2018
0.0488
82.2



100.0%


95.2%
4.8%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
A3
1975















Pickup
A3
1976















Pickup
A3
1977















Pickup
A3
1978















Pickup
A3
1979
0.0336
27.1



7.5%
92.5%
95.8%



4.2%



Pickup
A3
1980
0.0327
29.1


0.6%
15.9%
83.5%
99.4%


0.6%




Pickup
A3
1981
0.0315
29.9



10.5%
89.5%
100.0%







Pickup
A3
1982
0.0325
29.3


3.7%
14.1%
82.2%
100.0%







Pickup
A3
1983
0.0313
28.7


5.7%
18.6%
75.7%
99.8%


0.1%
0.1%



Pickup
A3
1984
0.0334
28.4


1.2%
30.9%
67.9%
99.5%



0.5%



Pickup
A3
1985
0.0372
29.1



22.4%
77.6%
97.5%

2.3%

0.2%



Pickup
A3
1986
0.0358
30.4



19.7%
80.3%
91.0%

8.9%

0.1%



Pickup
A3
1987
0.0363
30.7



25.5%
74.5%
34.0%

44.4%
21.6%




Pickup
A3
1988
0.0380
31.6



31.0%
69.0%
2.0%

44.5%
53.5%




Pickup
A3
1989
0.0378
30.5



37.7%
62.3%


56.4%
43.6%




Pickup
A3
1990
0.0422
30.9



12.2%
87.8%


2.5%
97.5%




Pickup
A3
1991















Pickup
A3
1992















Pickup
A3
1993















Pickup
A3
1994















Pickup
A3
1995















Pickup
A3
1996















Pickup
A3
1997















Pickup
A3
1998















Pickup
A3
1999















Pickup
A3
2000















Pickup
A3
2001















Pickup
A3
2002















Pickup
A3
2003















Pickup
A3
2004















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-148	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
A3
2005
















Pickup
A3
2006
















Pickup
A3
2007
















Pickup
A3
2008
















Pickup
A3
2009
















Pickup
A3
2010
















Pickup
A3
2011
















Pickup
A3
2012
















Pickup
A3
2013
















Pickup
A3
2014
















Pickup
A3
2015
















Pickup
A3
2016
















Pickup
A3
2017
















Pickup
A3
2018
















Pickup
A4
1975
















Pickup
A4
1976
















Pickup
A4
1977
















Pickup
A4
1978
















Pickup
A4
1979
















Pickup
A4
1980
















Pickup
A4
1981
6
0.004
26.5
21.5
23.9
22.5
413.9
372.2
395.4
2750


144
98
15.2
0.681
Pickup
A4
1982
42
0.029
19.6
15.2
19.2
16.7
567.8
458.9
530.8
3715


262
131
15.3
0.525
Pickup
A4
1983
9
0.006
26.6
22.0
23.1
22.5
403.3
383.7
394.8
2788


144
99
14.9
0.685
Pickup
A4
1984
27
0.013
24.6
20.6
21.0
20.8
430.9
421.8
427.5
2809


144
100
14.8
0.694
Pickup
A4
1985
38
0.018
25.1
21.0
21.6
21.3
421.2
400.6
418.0
3019


144
107
14.5
0.741
Pickup
A4
1986
47
0.019
23.4
19.6
19.8
19.7
445.6
428.1
451.2
3134


144
107
14.1
0.745
Pickup
A4
1987
72
0.034
26.1
21.1
23.0
22.0
415.3
373.1
404.6
3040


142
103
14.6
0.725
Pickup
A4
1988
53
0.022
24.7
20.1
21.3
20.6
435.9
404.2
430.6
3112


142
109
14.4
0.765
Pickup
A4
1989
35
0.016
27.1
21.5
23.9
22.6
411.2
370.2
393.5
3024


141
109
13.7
0.773
Pickup
A4
1990
32
0.018
17.8
13.8
16.2
14.9
579.3
508.3
597.9
4047


259
153
11.7
0.635
Pickup
A4
1991
27
0.014
20.0
15.7
17.8
16.6
519.2
466.4
534.4
3683


213
135
12.3
0.684
Pickup
A4
1992
16
0.009
24.8
19.5
21.5
20.4
444.0
404.1
434.9
3105


156
118
12.2
0.767
Pickup
A4
1993
16
0.008
26.3
20.2
23.2
21.6
440.3
382.7
411.3
3000


144
112
11.5
0.778
Pickup
A4
1994
25
0.010
26.3
20.0
23.1
21.5
443.4
384.3
413.3
3000


144
112
11.4
0.778
Pickup
A4
1995
20
0.009
26.3
20.0
22.9
21.4
444.8
388.1
415.6
3000


147
132
10.5
0.897
Pickup
A4
1996
27
0.014
25.9
19.5
22.7
21.0
456.3
392.3
422.9
3000


149
142
10.4
0.953
Pickup
A4
1997
















Pickup
A4
1998
37
0.015
26.5
19.7
22.9
21.3
451.0
387.6
417.2
3000


149
142
10.7
0.953
Pickup
A4
1999
24
0.009
26.5
19.6
22.8
21.2
453.9
389.0
419.0
3000


149
142
10.7
0.953
Pickup
A4
2000
21
0.008
26.2
19.4
22.4
20.9
458.3
397.6
425.3
3000


149
142
10.2
0.953
Pickup
A4
2001
21
0.008
26.0
19.2
22.0
20.6
463.8
404.4
431.2
3214


149
142
10.4
0.953
Pickup
A4
2002
21
0.009
27.0
19.5
23.1
21.3
456.9
384.7
416.9
3238


149
142
10.6
0.953
Pickup
A4
2003
22
0.009
27.0
19.3
23.0
21.2
459.9
386.3
418.7
3234


149
142
10.6
0.953
Pickup
A4
2004
24
0.009
27.0
19.2
22.9
21.1
462.8
387.6
420.3
3216


149
142
10.5
0.953
Pickup
A4
2005
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-149	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
A3
2005















Pickup
A3
2006















Pickup
A3
2007















Pickup
A3
2008















Pickup
A3
2009















Pickup
A3
2010















Pickup
A3
2011















Pickup
A3
2012















Pickup
A3
2013















Pickup
A3
2014















Pickup
A3
2015















Pickup
A3
2016















Pickup
A3
2017















Pickup
A3
2018















Pickup
A4
1975















Pickup
A4
1976















Pickup
A4
1977















Pickup
A4
1978















Pickup
A4
1979















Pickup
A4
1980















Pickup
A4
1981
0.0356
30.9




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
A4
1982
0.0353
31.0




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
A4
1983
0.0354
31.4




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
A4
1984
0.0356
29.3




100.0%
82.9%

17.1%





Pickup
A4
1985
0.0354
32.3




100.0%
71.6%

28.4%





Pickup
A4
1986
0.0346
31.2




100.0%
66.5%

33.5%





Pickup
A4
1987
0.0340
33.7



5.3%
94.7%
90.3%

9.7%





Pickup
A4
1988
0.0351
32.5



7.2%
92.8%
45.7%

54.3%





Pickup
A4
1989
0.0361
34.3



4.9%
95.1%
38.1%

61.9%





Pickup
A4
1990
0.0379
30.9



37.1%
62.9%


37.7%
62.3%




Pickup
A4
1991
0.0369
31.2



28.4%
71.6%


61.7%
38.3%




Pickup
A4
1992
0.0377
32.0



3.9%
96.1%


96.0%
4.0%




Pickup
A4
1993
0.0373
32.4




100.0%


100.0%





Pickup
A4
1994
0.0373
32.3




100.0%


100.0%





Pickup
A4
1995
0.0442
32.1




100.0%


100.0%


68.2%


Pickup
A4
1996
0.0473
31.5




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
1997















Pickup
A4
1998
0.0473
32.0




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
1999
0.0473
31.8




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2000
0.0473
31.3




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2001
0.0444
33.1




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2002
0.0441
34.5




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2003
0.0442
34.3




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2004
0.0444
34.0




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
A4
2005















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-150	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
A4
2006
















Pickup
A4
2007
















Pickup
A4
2008
















Pickup
A4
2009
















Pickup
A4
2010
















Pickup
A4
2011
















Pickup
A4
2012
















Pickup
A4
2013
















Pickup
A4
2014
















Pickup
A4
2015
















Pickup
A4
2016
















Pickup
A4
2017
















Pickup
A4
2018
















Pickup
CVT
1975
















Pickup
CVT
1976
















Pickup
CVT
1977
















Pickup
CVT
1978
















Pickup
CVT
1979
















Pickup
CVT
1980
















Pickup
CVT
1981
















Pickup
CVT
1982
















Pickup
CVT
1983
















Pickup
CVT
1984
















Pickup
CVT
1985
















Pickup
CVT
1986
















Pickup
CVT
1987
















Pickup
CVT
1988
















Pickup
CVT
1989
















Pickup
CVT
1990
















Pickup
CVT
1991
















Pickup
CVT
1992
















Pickup
CVT
1993
















Pickup
CVT
1994
















Pickup
CVT
1995
















Pickup
CVT
1996
















Pickup
CVT
1997
















Pickup
CVT
1998
















Pickup
CVT
1999
















Pickup
CVT
2000
















Pickup
CVT
2001
















Pickup
CVT
2002
















Pickup
CVT
2003
















Pickup
CVT
2004
















Pickup
CVT
2005
















Pickup
CVT
2006
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-151	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
A4
2006















Pickup
A4
2007















Pickup
A4
2008















Pickup
A4
2009















Pickup
A4
2010















Pickup
A4
2011















Pickup
A4
2012















Pickup
A4
2013















Pickup
A4
2014















Pickup
A4
2015















Pickup
A4
2016















Pickup
A4
2017















Pickup
A4
2018















Pickup
CVT
1975















Pickup
CVT
1976















Pickup
CVT
1977















Pickup
CVT
1978















Pickup
CVT
1979















Pickup
CVT
1980















Pickup
CVT
1981















Pickup
CVT
1982















Pickup
CVT
1983















Pickup
CVT
1984















Pickup
CVT
1985















Pickup
CVT
1986















Pickup
CVT
1987















Pickup
CVT
1988















Pickup
CVT
1989















Pickup
CVT
1990















Pickup
CVT
1991















Pickup
CVT
1992















Pickup
CVT
1993















Pickup
CVT
1994















Pickup
CVT
1995















Pickup
CVT
1996















Pickup
CVT
1997















Pickup
CVT
1998















Pickup
CVT
1999















Pickup
CVT
2000















Pickup
CVT
2001















Pickup
CVT
2002















Pickup
CVT
2003















Pickup
CVT
2004















Pickup
CVT
2005















Pickup
CVT
2006















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-152	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
CVT
2007
















Pickup
CVT
2008
















Pickup
CVT
2009
2
0.002
28.3
21.1
21.8
21.5
420.4
407.4
413.0
6000
66.4

364
332
8.2
0.912
Pickup
CVT
2010
1
0.001
27.1
20.3
21.0
20.7
437.0
423.1
429.1
6000
67.4

366
332
6.5
0.907
Pickup
CVT
2011
1
0.001
28.1
19.7
22.8
21.4
450.2
390.2
416.0
6000
67.4

366
332
8.5
0.907
Pickup
CVT
2012
1
0.001
28.2
25.5
32.5
29.1
348.8
273.3
305.8
6000
67.4

366
332
9.2
0.907
Pickup
CVT
2013
1
0.000
28.5
19.8
22.9
21.4
449.8
388.8
415.0
6000
67.4

366
332
8.9
0.907
Pickup
CVT
2014
















Pickup
CVT
2015
















Pickup
CVT
2016
















Pickup
CVT
2017
















Pickup
CVT
2018
















Pickup
L10
1975
















Pickup
L10
1976
















Pickup
L10
1977
















Pickup
L10
1978
















Pickup
L10
1979
















Pickup
L10
1980
















Pickup
L10
1981
















Pickup
L10
1982
















Pickup
L10
1983
















Pickup
L10
1984
















Pickup
L10
1985
















Pickup
L10
1986
















Pickup
L10
1987
















Pickup
L10
1988
















Pickup
L10
1989
















Pickup
L10
1990
















Pickup
L10
1991
















Pickup
L10
1992
















Pickup
L10
1993
















Pickup
L10
1994
















Pickup
L10
1995
















Pickup
L10
1996
















Pickup
L10
1997
















Pickup
L10
1998
















Pickup
L10
1999
















Pickup
L10
2000
















Pickup
L10
2001
















Pickup
L10
2002
















Pickup
L10
2003
















Pickup
L10
2004
















Pickup
L10
2005
















Pickup
L10
2006
















Pickup
L10
2007
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-15 3	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
CVT
2007















Pickup
CVT
2008















Pickup
CVT
2009
0.0553
64.6



56.2%
43.8%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
CVT
2010
0.0553
62.1



37.4%
62.6%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
CVT
2011
0.0553
64.1



61.5%
38.5%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
CVT
2012
0.0553
87.2



57.1%
42.9%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
CVT
2013
0.0553
64.2



65.2%
34.8%


100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
Pickup
CVT
2014















Pickup
CVT
2015















Pickup
CVT
2016















Pickup
CVT
2017















Pickup
CVT
2018















Pickup
L10
1975















Pickup
L10
1976















Pickup
L10
1977















Pickup
L10
1978















Pickup
L10
1979















Pickup
L10
1980















Pickup
L10
1981















Pickup
L10
1982















Pickup
L10
1983















Pickup
L10
1984















Pickup
L10
1985















Pickup
L10
1986















Pickup
L10
1987















Pickup
L10
1988















Pickup
L10
1989















Pickup
L10
1990















Pickup
L10
1991















Pickup
L10
1992















Pickup
L10
1993















Pickup
L10
1994















Pickup
L10
1995















Pickup
L10
1996















Pickup
L10
1997















Pickup
L10
1998















Pickup
L10
1999















Pickup
L10
2000















Pickup
L10
2001















Pickup
L10
2002















Pickup
L10
2003















Pickup
L10
2004















Pickup
L10
2005















Pickup
L10
2006















Pickup
L10
2007















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-154	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L10
2008
















Pickup
L10
2009
















Pickup
L10
2010
















Pickup
L10
2011
















Pickup
L10
2012
















Pickup
L10
2013
















Pickup
L10
2014
















Pickup
L10
2015
















Pickup
L10
2016
















Pickup
L10
2017
130
0.063
24.5
16.9
22.0
19.5
524.4
401.2
456.7
5153
69.5

214
385
5.8
1.803
Pickup
L10
2018
-
0.267
25.5
17.3
23.0
20.2
513.6
386.0
443.8
5082
68.4

221
386
5.9
1.850
Pickup
L3
1975
















Pickup
L3
1976
















Pickup
L3
1977
















Pickup
L3
1978
















Pickup
L3
1979
29
0.013
16.2
13.1
14.6
13.7
674.3
610.1
646.7
4000


291
132
15.1
0.454
Pickup
L3
1980
315
0.219
17.0
13.6
15.7
14.5
655.9
566.6
623.7
4469


313
142
15.4
0.458
Pickup
L3
1981
343
0.238
18.3
14.6
17.0
15.6
609.0
524.6
574.4
4221


290
139
15.1
0.483
Pickup
L3
1982
275
0.191
20.1
15.9
18.9
17.1
550.0
456.7
518.6
3768


245
130
16.2
0.546
Pickup
L3
1983
119
0.073
19.0
15.0
17.8
16.1
586.9
495.0
550.7
4100


277
139
14.8
0.503
Pickup
L3
1984
193
0.095
18.5
14.7
17.2
15.7
598.0
509.5
564.6
4164


276
137
14.9
0.502
Pickup
L3
1985
234
0.113
17.8
14.2
16.3
15.1
612.2
534.9
588.5
4204


279
147
14.0
0.536
Pickup
L3
1986
206
0.081
18.0
14.4
16.4
15.3
607.2
532.7
582.0
4155


279
146
13.4
0.535
Pickup
L3
1987
134
0.063
20.0
15.7
18.5
16.9
560.9
476.0
526.4
3751


251
125
14.4
0.502
Pickup
L3
1988
99
0.040
19.5
15.2
18.1
16.4
580.1
488.2
540.6
3826


247
123
14.9
0.512
Pickup
L3
1989
40
0.018
19.4
15.3
17.5
16.3
569.9
506.5
545.9
3835


230
118
15.1
0.533
Pickup
L3
1990
24
0.013
18.7
14.8
16.6
15.6
589.2
532.6
568.7
3919


242
132
13.3
0.556
Pickup
L3
1991
13
0.007
17.0
13.1
15.6
14.2
674.6
570.4
625.6
4273


294
157
12.2
0.531
Pickup
L3
1992
5
0.003
18.1
14.1
16.1
15.0
632.0
552.5
592.6
4043


239
127
13.3
0.531
Pickup
L3
1993
4
0.002
18.5
14.4
16.4
15.3
617.9
543.4
580.5
4039


239
127
12.4
0.531
Pickup
L3
1994
















Pickup
L3
1995
















Pickup
L3
1996
















Pickup
L3
1997
















Pickup
L3
1998
















Pickup
L3
1999
















Pickup
L3
2000
















Pickup
L3
2001
















Pickup
L3
2002
















Pickup
L3
2003
















Pickup
L3
2004
















Pickup
L3
2005
















Pickup
L3
2006
















Pickup
L3
2007
















Pickup
L3
2008
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-15 5	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L10
2008















Pickup
L10
2009















Pickup
L10
2010















Pickup
L10
2011















Pickup
L10
2012















Pickup
L10
2013















Pickup
L10
2014















Pickup
L10
2015















Pickup
L10
2016















Pickup
L10
2017
0.0748
50.2



89.5%
10.5%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L10
2018
0.0763
51.5



75.2%
24.8%

4.9%
90.1%

5.0%
100.0%
67.9%

Pickup
L3
1975















Pickup
L3
1976















Pickup
L3
1977















Pickup
L3
1978















Pickup
L3
1979
0.0330
27.5




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
L3
1980
0.0320
33.0



17.8%
82.2%
84.8%



15.2%



Pickup
L3
1981
0.0331
33.1



10.4%
89.6%
93.8%



6.2%



Pickup
L3
1982
0.0346
32.2



5.9%
94.1%
100.0%







Pickup
L3
1983
0.0338
33.1



3.0%
97.0%
99.2%


0.2%
0.6%



Pickup
L3
1984
0.0328
32.8



1.1%
98.9%
99.8%

0.1%

0.1%



Pickup
L3
1985
0.0350
31.8



0.1%
99.9%
97.5%


2.5%




Pickup
L3
1986
0.0350
31.7



3.8%
96.2%
96.7%


3.3%




Pickup
L3
1987
0.0334
31.8



21.6%
78.4%
95.1%


4.9%




Pickup
L3
1988
0.0322
31.4



13.1%
86.9%
0.0%


100.0%




Pickup
L3
1989
0.0304
31.3




100.0%



100.0%




Pickup
L3
1990
0.0334
30.7




100.0%



100.0%




Pickup
L3
1991
0.0366
30.4




100.0%



100.0%




Pickup
L3
1992
0.0314
30.3




100.0%


100.0%





Pickup
L3
1993
0.0315
30.9




100.0%


100.0%





Pickup
L3
1994















Pickup
L3
1995















Pickup
L3
1996















Pickup
L3
1997















Pickup
L3
1998















Pickup
L3
1999















Pickup
L3
2000















Pickup
L3
2001















Pickup
L3
2002















Pickup
L3
2003















Pickup
L3
2004















Pickup
L3
2005















Pickup
L3
2006















Pickup
L3
2007















Pickup
L3
2008















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-156	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L3
2009
















Pickup
L3
2010
















Pickup
L3
2011
















Pickup
L3
2012
















Pickup
L3
2013
















Pickup
L3
2014
















Pickup
L3
2015
















Pickup
L3
2016
















Pickup
L3
2017
















Pickup
L3
2018
















Pickup
L4
1975
















Pickup
L4
1976
















Pickup
L4
1977
















Pickup
L4
1978
















Pickup
L4
1979
















Pickup
L4
1980
















Pickup
L4
1981
53
0.037
18.0
13.8
18.0
15.4
645.1
492.9
576.9
4030


302
142
14.0
0.470
Pickup
L4
1982
150
0.104
20.2
15.8
19.2
17.2
591.2
488.5
546.1
4713


324
149
15.9
0.465
Pickup
L4
1983
337
0.207
20.2
15.6
19.5
17.2
564.2
447.6
522.7
4134


274
138
14.4
0.524
Pickup
L4
1984
405
0.198
19.8
15.3
19.4
16.9
577.9
449.9
529.6
4115


269
135
14.5
0.521
Pickup
L4
1985
465
0.224
20.5
15.7
20.2
17.5
554.6
430.4
510.5
3914


244
131
14.3
0.558
Pickup
L4
1986
564
0.223
20.2
15.6
19.6
17.2
559.5
443.8
517.2
3966


248
140
13.2
0.593
Pickup
L4
1987
485
0.226
20.5
15.6
20.1
17.4
559.2
430.1
511.4
3855


240
149
12.9
0.645
Pickup
L4
1988
855
0.348
19.6
14.8
19.1
16.6
589.0
455.1
536.2
4092


279
164
12.5
0.606
Pickup
L4
1989
886
0.397
19.4
14.7
18.7
16.4
595.2
465.5
543.5
4108


284
167
11.9
0.599
Pickup
L4
1990
890
0.485
19.1
14.3
18.5
16.0
611.8
472.2
554.7
4266


290
170
11.2
0.601
Pickup
L4
1991
877
0.457
19.6
14.6
18.9
16.4
596.4
459.5
541.9
4139


282
167
11.3
0.607
Pickup
L4
1992
954
0.518
19.1
14.1
18.5
16.0
620.3
472.7
557.2
4307


288
168
11.2
0.594
Pickup
L4
1993
1103
0.551
19.3
14.2
18.6
16.1
614.6
469.5
550.7
4337


287
176
10.2
0.622
Pickup
L4
1994
1575
0.590
19.3
14.1
18.5
16.0
617.5
473.6
554.0
4342


290
184
9.9
0.648
Pickup
L4
1995
1350
0.595
18.7
13.6
17.8
15.5
641.0
489.9
573.7
4458


296
186
10.2
0.642
Pickup
L4
1996
1251
0.640
19.2
13.9
18.3
15.9
626.6
476.5
560.4
4459


288
199
10.3
0.702
Pickup
L4
1997
1748
0.726
19.3
13.8
18.4
15.9
632.8
477.5
558.7
4649


291
213
10.0
0.740
Pickup
L4
1998
1660
0.687
19.4
13.8
18.5
16.0
630.1
471.9
555.9
4534


282
208
10.4
0.749
Pickup
L4
1999
2008
0.789
19.2
13.7
18.0
15.7
640.5
487.9
566.2
4675


286
218
10.2
0.768
Pickup
L4
2000
2096
0.803
19.9
14.2
18.5
16.2
619.8
475.7
547.8
4472


270
214
9.7
0.798
Pickup
L4
2001
1982
0.787
19.0
13.5
17.7
15.5
651.0
498.5
573.8
4741


287
229
9.3
0.803
Pickup
L4
2002
1902
0.799
18.9
13.4
17.4
15.3
658.5
508.8
580.0
4887


288
240
9.3
0.834
Pickup
L4
2003
1674
0.677
19.6
13.8
17.9
15.8
638.9
491.3
562.0
4750


277
234
9.4
0.845
Pickup
L4
2004
1771
0.707
19.5
13.7
17.7
15.7
646.3
497.7
566.2
5083


291
256
9.1
0.880
Pickup
L4
2005
1398
0.608
19.7
13.6
18.1
15.8
649.4
486.4
561.2
5167


293
264
9.0
0.905
Pickup
L4
2006
1299
0.594
19.8
13.7
18.1
15.9
644.2
484.8
558.7
5159


291
261
9.1
0.901
Pickup
L4
2007
1298
0.614
19.9
13.7
18.4
16.0
644.5
479.6
553.8
5286


296
269
9.1
0.909
Pickup
L4
2008
1056
0.589
20.4
13.9
18.9
16.4
633.5
467.1
542.2
5299
64.2

294
268
9.2
0.910
Pickup
L4
2009
343
0.347
21.2
14.6
19.4
17.0
605.6
453.4
523.2
5119
63.4

281
261
9.0
0.929
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-157	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L3
2009















Pickup
L3
2010















Pickup
L3
2011















Pickup
L3
2012















Pickup
L3
2013















Pickup
L3
2014















Pickup
L3
2015















Pickup
L3
2016















Pickup
L3
2017















Pickup
L3
2018















Pickup
L4
1975















Pickup
L4
1976















Pickup
L4
1977















Pickup
L4
1978















Pickup
L4
1979















Pickup
L4
1980















Pickup
L4
1981
0.0353
31.0




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
L4
1982
0.0321
41.0



19.3%
80.7%
58.0%



42.0%



Pickup
L4
1983
0.0336
35.8



20.1%
79.9%
91.7%



8.3%



Pickup
L4
1984
0.0328
34.9



23.3%
76.7%
95.0%



5.0%



Pickup
L4
1985
0.0336
34.2



29.6%
70.4%
72.8%

20.0%
4.9%
2.3%



Pickup
L4
1986
0.0355
34.1



31.8%
68.2%
30.1%

46.6%
22.2%
1.1%



Pickup
L4
1987
0.0384
33.5


0.1%
28.0%
71.9%
5.2%

28.5%
65.7%
0.5%



Pickup
L4
1988
0.0400
33.9


0.0%
31.9%
68.1%
1.2%

26.6%
71.8%
0.5%



Pickup
L4
1989
0.0406
33.6



30.2%
69.8%
1.5%

24.9%
73.3%
0.4%



Pickup
L4
1990
0.0400
34.2



29.7%
70.3%
1.0%

44.8%
53.9%
0.3%



Pickup
L4
1991
0.0405
34.1



27.6%
72.4%
0.7%

38.5%
60.5%
0.3%



Pickup
L4
1992
0.0392
34.4



28.5%
71.5%
0.4%

52.5%
46.9%
0.2%



Pickup
L4
1993
0.0406
35.1


0.0%
29.8%
70.2%
0.3%

51.6%
48.1%




Pickup
L4
1994
0.0424
34.9



32.5%
67.5%


56.6%
43.4%

1.2%


Pickup
L4
1995
0.0417
34.6



39.8%
60.2%


59.5%
40.5%

3.0%


Pickup
L4
1996
0.0444
35.5



34.1%
65.9%


99.7%

0.3%
5.3%


Pickup
L4
1997
0.0457
37.0



39.8%
60.2%


99.9%

0.1%
2.8%


Pickup
L4
1998
0.0456
36.2



38.5%
61.5%


99.9%

0.1%
4.1%


Pickup
L4
1999
0.0464
36.6



48.6%
51.4%


100.0%

0.0%
4.0%


Pickup
L4
2000
0.0473
36.2



40.7%
59.3%


100.0%


10.2%


Pickup
L4
2001
0.0481
36.7



41.3%
58.7%


100.0%


10.0%


Pickup
L4
2002
0.0490
37.4



44.4%
55.6%


100.0%


14.5%


Pickup
L4
2003
0.0488
37.5



42.1%
57.9%


100.0%


13.4%


Pickup
L4
2004
0.0503
39.8



48.7%
51.3%


100.0%


38.6%
26.2%
0.0%
Pickup
L4
2005
0.0512
40.8



48.6%
51.4%


100.0%


36.1%
35.6%
0.1%
Pickup
L4
2006
0.0506
40.9



45.5%
54.5%


100.0%


36.9%
36.5%
0.2%
Pickup
L4
2007
0.0507
42.4



44.2%
55.8%


100.0%


24.0%
31.7%
0.0%
Pickup
L4
2008
0.0504
43.4



47.0%
53.0%


100.0%


23.4%
28.0%

Pickup
L4
2009
0.0508
43.4



41.5%
58.5%


100.0%


15.9%
16.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-15 8	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L4
2010
210
0.165
21.4
14.7
19.7
17.2
597.3
444.6
516.5
4945
61.6

259
242
9.4
0.940
Pickup
L4
2011
206
0.139
21.5
14.8
19.9
17.3
591.1
440.9
512.7
4868
61.2

252
239
9.5
0.950
Pickup
L4
2012
184
0.136
22.7
15.6
20.8
18.2
560.5
422.8
489.1
4611
56.5

236
230
9.5
0.978
Pickup
L4
2013
126
0.080
22.6
15.5
20.2
17.9
558.2
433.3
496.1
4714
59.4

239
223
9.9
0.933
Pickup
L4
2014
37
0.019
28.1
19.2
23.4
21.4
462.2
378.2
415.0
3860
52.4

164
159
10.9
0.967
Pickup
L4
2015
38
0.022
27.8
19.0
23.4
21.3
467.1
379.7
417.9
4000
55.7

164
159
11.1
0.967
Pickup
L4
2016
















Pickup
L4
2017
















Pickup
L4
2018
















Pickup
L5
1975
















Pickup
L5
1976
















Pickup
L5
1977
















Pickup
L5
1978
















Pickup
L5
1979
















Pickup
L5
1980
















Pickup
L5
1981
















Pickup
L5
1982
















Pickup
L5
1983
















Pickup
L5
1984
















Pickup
L5
1985
















Pickup
L5
1986
















Pickup
L5
1987
















Pickup
L5
1988
















Pickup
L5
1989
















Pickup
L5
1990
















Pickup
L5
1991
















Pickup
L5
1992
















Pickup
L5
1993
















Pickup
L5
1994
















Pickup
L5
1995
















Pickup
L5
1996
















Pickup
L5
1997
51
0.021
21.1
15.1
20.0
17.3
588.0
443.2
512.6
3974


244
160
10.7
0.656
Pickup
L5
1998
58
0.024
21.1
15.2
19.6
17.2
585.6
452.7
515.5
3843


244
160
10.8
0.656
Pickup
L5
1999
67
0.026
20.5
14.7
18.9
16.7
603.8
469.6
532.5
3949


244
160
10.9
0.656
Pickup
L5
2000
60
0.023
20.0
14.3
18.4
16.3
619.5
482.1
545.8
3948


244
160
10.5
0.656
Pickup
L5
2001
213
0.085
21.0
14.9
19.4
17.0
595.9
455.7
521.6
3834


207
173
9.9
0.831
Pickup
L5
2002
230
0.097
21.1
14.8
19.4
17.0
594.9
455.0
522.0
3882


205
171
10.2
0.835
Pickup
L5
2003
522
0.211
19.4
13.6
17.8
15.7
642.0
493.7
567.5
4695


262
218
9.5
0.834
Pickup
L5
2004
537
0.214
18.6
13.0
17.2
15.1
675.6
510.0
590.3
4846


280
253
8.9
0.890
Pickup
L5
2005
771
0.335
19.3
13.4
17.7
15.5
655.5
497.2
571.9
4810


279
261
8.5
0.934
Pickup
L5
2006
754
0.345
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
630.0
479.4
549.5
4783


268
257
8.6
0.962
Pickup
L5
2007
575
0.272
20.2
13.9
18.6
16.2
629.1
475.0
547.0
4835


265
254
8.9
0.963
Pickup
L5
2008
521
0.290
20.8
14.4
19.0
16.7
604.8
458.8
531.9
4845
59.8

267
277
8.6
1.029
Pickup
L5
2009
277
0.280
21.2
14.5
19.5
17.0
602.4
452.6
523.1
4835
58.2

268
269
8.4
1.005
Pickup
L5
2010
340
0.266
21.2
14.6
19.6
17.1
601.7
451.2
521.1
4775
58.0

267
275
8.4
1.026
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-15 9	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L4
2010
0.0489
42.5



30.4%
69.6%


100.0%


22.7%
50.6%

Pickup
L4
2011
0.0489
42.1



34.8%
65.2%


100.0%


26.8%
70.6%

Pickup
L4
2012
0.0498
41.8



34.5%
65.5%


100.0%


50.3%
81.1%

Pickup
L4
2013
0.0466
42.1



24.9%
75.1%


100.0%


35.9%
74.0%

Pickup
L4
2014
0.0413
41.3



18.3%
81.7%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L4
2015
0.0398
42.6



15.4%
84.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L4
2016















Pickup
L4
2017















Pickup
L4
2018















Pickup
L5
1975















Pickup
L5
1976















Pickup
L5
1977















Pickup
L5
1978















Pickup
L5
1979















Pickup
L5
1980















Pickup
L5
1981















Pickup
L5
1982















Pickup
L5
1983















Pickup
L5
1984















Pickup
L5
1985















Pickup
L5
1986















Pickup
L5
1987















Pickup
L5
1988















Pickup
L5
1989















Pickup
L5
1990















Pickup
L5
1991















Pickup
L5
1992















Pickup
L5
1993















Pickup
L5
1994















Pickup
L5
1995















Pickup
L5
1996















Pickup
L5
1997
0.0403
34.5



42.2%
57.8%


100.0%





Pickup
L5
1998
0.0418
33.1



58.9%
41.1%


100.0%





Pickup
L5
1999
0.0406
32.9



69.3%
30.7%


100.0%





Pickup
L5
2000
0.0406
32.2



71.5%
28.5%


100.0%





Pickup
L5
2001
0.0449
32.7



36.7%
63.3%


100.0%


4.4%


Pickup
L5
2002
0.0439
33.1



40.0%
60.0%


100.0%


8.8%


Pickup
L5
2003
0.0462
36.7



38.3%
61.7%


100.0%


3.9%


Pickup
L5
2004
0.0514
36.4



44.6%
55.4%


100.0%


2.9%


Pickup
L5
2005
0.0541
37.3



45.7%
54.3%


100.0%


45.5%
43.3%

Pickup
L5
2006
0.0536
38.6



48.9%
51.1%


100.0%


66.9%
65.0%

Pickup
L5
2007
0.0524
39.1



47.8%
52.2%


100.0%


57.1%
41.3%

Pickup
L5
2008
0.0563
40.8



46.0%
54.0%


100.0%


58.7%
38.8%

Pickup
L5
2009
0.0550
40.9



51.6%
48.4%


100.0%


54.5%
53.4%

Pickup
L5
2010
0.0568
40.5



52.4%
47.6%


100.0%


55.9%
69.6%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-160	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L5
2011
405
0.274
21.3
14.7
19.7
17.2
597.4
448.7
517.6
4729
59.0

268
278
8.4
1.027
Pickup
L5
2012
194
0.143
21.9
15.1
19.9
17.5
582.8
443.8
506.9
4650
57.3

253
257
8.5
1.022
Pickup
L5
2013
194
0.123
23.0
15.9
20.8
18.4
557.0
425.3
483.9
4521
56.8

241
243
8.7
1.014
Pickup
L5
2014
184
0.095
22.8
15.7
20.8
18.3
561.8
425.8
486.7
4554
57.0

242
245
8.7
1.016
Pickup
L5
2015
209
0.117
23.1
16.0
20.9
18.5
552.7
423.3
480.9
4449
56.6

242
241
8.7
0.996
Pickup
L5
2016
95
0.050
23.3
15.8
21.7
18.7
560.1
408.4
474.3
4462
54.5

229
243
8.7
1.057
Pickup
L5
2017
71
0.035
23.3
15.9
21.6
18.7
558.5
411.7
475.9
4417
54.5

221
234
9.0
1.051
Pickup
L5
2018
-
0.063
23.0
15.6
21.4
18.5
568.5
414.3
481.4
4539
54.5

239
254
8.5
1.065
Pickup
L6
1975
















Pickup
L6
1976
















Pickup
L6
1977
















Pickup
L6
1978
















Pickup
L6
1979
















Pickup
L6
1980
















Pickup
L6
1981
















Pickup
L6
1982
















Pickup
L6
1983
















Pickup
L6
1984
















Pickup
L6
1985
















Pickup
L6
1986
















Pickup
L6
1987
















Pickup
L6
1988
















Pickup
L6
1989
















Pickup
L6
1990
















Pickup
L6
1991
















Pickup
L6
1992
















Pickup
L6
1993
















Pickup
L6
1994
















Pickup
L6
1995
















Pickup
L6
1996
















Pickup
L6
1997
















Pickup
L6
1998
















Pickup
L6
1999
















Pickup
L6
2000
















Pickup
L6
2001
















Pickup
L6
2002
















Pickup
L6
2003
















Pickup
L6
2004
















Pickup
L6
2005
















Pickup
L6
2006
















Pickup
L6
2007
147
0.069
19.2
13.2
17.9
15.5
672.4
496.2
573.4
5752


339
372
7.3
1.094
Pickup
L6
2008
145
0.081
18.9
13.0
17.6
15.2
684.1
504.4
583.0
5848
69.4

346
379
7.3
1.096
Pickup
L6
2009
327
0.330
20.2
13.7
19.1
16.4
645.7
463.7
543.1
5676
66.7

322
316
7.9
0.984
Pickup
L6
2010
694
0.544
20.5
14.0
19.2
16.5
634.3
460.9
537.4
5738
67.3

320
315
8.1
0.983
Pickup
L6
2011
836
0.566
21.2
14.5
20.0
17.2
611.5
442.3
517.9
5674
67.4

300
337
7.7
1.153
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-161	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L5
2011
0.0577
40.4



56.7%
43.3%


100.0%


51.4%
67.3%

Pickup
L5
2012
0.0553
40.7



60.4%
39.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2013
0.0538
41.5



59.7%
40.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2014
0.0538
41.5



58.9%
41.1%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2015
0.0541
41.1



57.0%
43.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2016
0.0542
41.8



41.9%
58.1%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2017
0.0525
41.2



39.2%
60.8%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L5
2018
0.0560
41.9



48.8%
51.2%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L6
1975















Pickup
L6
1976















Pickup
L6
1977















Pickup
L6
1978















Pickup
L6
1979















Pickup
L6
1980















Pickup
L6
1981















Pickup
L6
1982















Pickup
L6
1983















Pickup
L6
1984















Pickup
L6
1985















Pickup
L6
1986















Pickup
L6
1987















Pickup
L6
1988















Pickup
L6
1989















Pickup
L6
1990















Pickup
L6
1991















Pickup
L6
1992















Pickup
L6
1993















Pickup
L6
1994















Pickup
L6
1995















Pickup
L6
1996















Pickup
L6
1997















Pickup
L6
1998















Pickup
L6
1999















Pickup
L6
2000















Pickup
L6
2001















Pickup
L6
2002















Pickup
L6
2003















Pickup
L6
2004















Pickup
L6
2005















Pickup
L6
2006















Pickup
L6
2007
0.0646
44.6



56.4%
43.6%


100.0%


97.9%
86.9%

Pickup
L6
2008
0.0648
44.6



63.4%
36.6%


100.0%


94.2%
96.4%

Pickup
L6
2009
0.0558
46.4



59.8%
40.2%


100.0%


53.7%
38.7%

Pickup
L6
2010
0.0549
47.5



67.5%
32.5%


100.0%


71.7%
61.4%

Pickup
L6
2011
0.0593
48.8



68.5%
31.5%

13.5%
86.5%


54.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-162	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L6
2012
958
0.706
20.9
14.3
19.7
16.9
620.9
448.3
525.0
5638
67.4

304
348
7.5
1.173
Pickup
L6
2013
1195
0.758
21.3
14.5
20.1
17.2
610.1
440.3
515.9
5673
67.6

294
354
7.4
1.242
Pickup
L6
2014
1451
0.752
22.3
15.2
20.8
17.9
581.5
423.6
495.3
5628
67.8

299
350
7.5
1.193
Pickup
L6
2015
1265
0.708
23.5
16.0
21.8
18.9
551.3
404.0
471.0
5247
66.9

280
341
7.3
1.272
Pickup
L6
2016
1403
0.736
24.0
16.4
22.0
19.1
537.6
401.4
464.7
5078
64.9

255
326
7.5
1.329
Pickup
L6
2017
1228
0.598
24.1
16.4
22.1
19.2
535.4
399.8
463.0
5145
64.7

265
320
7.6
1.250
Pickup
L6
2018
-
0.395
24.3
16.6
22.1
19.3
529.9
399.2
461.0
5188
64.3

270
312
7.8
1.173
Pickup
L7
1975
















Pickup
L7
1976
















Pickup
L7
1977
















Pickup
L7
1978
















Pickup
L7
1979
















Pickup
L7
1980
















Pickup
L7
1981
















Pickup
L7
1982
















Pickup
L7
1983
















Pickup
L7
1984
















Pickup
L7
1985
















Pickup
L7
1986
















Pickup
L7
1987
















Pickup
L7
1988
















Pickup
L7
1989
















Pickup
L7
1990
















Pickup
L7
1991
















Pickup
L7
1992
















Pickup
L7
1993
















Pickup
L7
1994
















Pickup
L7
1995
















Pickup
L7
1996
















Pickup
L7
1997
















Pickup
L7
1998
















Pickup
L7
1999
















Pickup
L7
2000
















Pickup
L7
2001
















Pickup
L7
2002
















Pickup
L7
2003
















Pickup
L7
2004
















Pickup
L7
2005
















Pickup
L7
2006
















Pickup
L7
2007
















Pickup
L7
2008
















Pickup
L7
2009
















Pickup
L7
2010
















Pickup
L7
2011
















Pickup
L7
2012
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-163	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L6
2012
0.0618
47.9



68.2%
31.8%

14.6%
85.4%


46.9%
96.0%

Pickup
L6
2013
0.0625
49.0



67.5%
32.5%

20.2%
79.8%


58.5%
98.1%

Pickup
L6
2014
0.0621
50.7



66.1%
33.9%

59.9%
40.1%


45.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L6
2015
0.0652
49.7



69.2%
30.8%

75.6%
24.4%


49.5%
89.0%

Pickup
L6
2016
0.0643
48.7



66.4%
33.6%

61.6%
37.4%

0.9%
71.4%
87.9%

Pickup
L6
2017
0.0622
49.5


0.9%
66.8%
32.3%

52.6%
46.4%

1.0%
63.0%
88.3%

Pickup
L6
2018
0.0599
50.2


0.9%
63.1%
36.0%

54.2%
43.1%

2.7%
52.4%
97.3%

Pickup
L7
1975















Pickup
L7
1976















Pickup
L7
1977















Pickup
L7
1978















Pickup
L7
1979















Pickup
L7
1980















Pickup
L7
1981















Pickup
L7
1982















Pickup
L7
1983















Pickup
L7
1984















Pickup
L7
1985















Pickup
L7
1986















Pickup
L7
1987















Pickup
L7
1988















Pickup
L7
1989















Pickup
L7
1990















Pickup
L7
1991















Pickup
L7
1992















Pickup
L7
1993















Pickup
L7
1994















Pickup
L7
1995















Pickup
L7
1996















Pickup
L7
1997















Pickup
L7
1998















Pickup
L7
1999















Pickup
L7
2000















Pickup
L7
2001















Pickup
L7
2002















Pickup
L7
2003















Pickup
L7
2004















Pickup
L7
2005















Pickup
L7
2006















Pickup
L7
2007















Pickup
L7
2008















Pickup
L7
2009















Pickup
L7
2010















Pickup
L7
2011















Pickup
L7
2012















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-164	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
L7
2013
















Pickup
L7
2014
















Pickup
L7
2015
















Pickup
L7
2016
















Pickup
L7
2017
51
0.025
22.7
15.3
21.2
IS.2
579.6
41S.7
4SS.0
59S2
66.0

342
391
7.0
1.144
Pickup
L7
201S
-
0.02S
22.7
15.4
21.2
IS.2
577.5
41S.5
4S7.0
5992
66.0

342
390
7.0
1.141
Pickup
LS
1975
















Pickup
LS
1976
















Pickup
LS
1977
















Pickup
LS
197S
















Pickup
LS
1979
















Pickup
LS
19S0
















Pickup
LS
19S1
















Pickup
LS
19S2
















Pickup
LS
19S3
















Pickup
LS
19S4
















Pickup
LS
19S5
















Pickup
LS
19S6
















Pickup
LS
19S7
















Pickup
LS
19SS
















Pickup
LS
19S9
















Pickup
LS
1990
















Pickup
LS
1991
















Pickup
LS
1992
















Pickup
LS
1993
















Pickup
LS
1994
















Pickup
LS
1995
















Pickup
LS
1996
















Pickup
LS
1997
















Pickup
LS
199S
















Pickup
LS
1999
















Pickup
LS
2000
















Pickup
LS
2001
















Pickup
LS
2002
















Pickup
LS
2003
















Pickup
LS
2004
















Pickup
LS
2005
















Pickup
LS
2006
















Pickup
LS
2007
















Pickup
LS
200S
















Pickup
LS
2009
















Pickup
LS
2010
















Pickup
LS
2011
















Pickup
LS
2012
















Pickup
LS
2013
43
0.027
23.1
15.6
21.9
IS.6
56S.5
403.3
476.6
5367
63.4

293
347
7.0
1.207
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-165	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
L7
2013















Pickup
L7
2014















Pickup
L7
2015















Pickup
L7
2016















Pickup
L7
2017
0.0654
54.5



59.0%
41.0%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
L7
201S
0.0651
54.7



51.5%
48.5%

100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
LS
1975















Pickup
LS
1976















Pickup
LS
1977















Pickup
LS
197S















Pickup
LS
1979















Pickup
LS
19S0















Pickup
LS
19S1















Pickup
LS
19S2















Pickup
LS
19S3















Pickup
LS
19S4















Pickup
LS
19S5















Pickup
LS
19S6















Pickup
LS
19S7















Pickup
LS
19SS















Pickup
LS
19S9















Pickup
LS
1990















Pickup
LS
1991















Pickup
LS
1992















Pickup
LS
1993















Pickup
LS
1994















Pickup
LS
1995















Pickup
LS
1996















Pickup
LS
1997















Pickup
LS
199S















Pickup
LS
1999















Pickup
LS
2000















Pickup
LS
2001















Pickup
LS
2002















Pickup
LS
2003















Pickup
LS
2004















Pickup
LS
2005















Pickup
LS
2006















Pickup
LS
2007















Pickup
LS
200S















Pickup
LS
2009















Pickup
LS
2010















Pickup
LS
2011















Pickup
LS
2012















Pickup
LS
2013
0.0645
50.1



68.5%
31.5%


100.0%


42.9%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-166	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
LS
2014
244
0.127
22.2
15.0
21.0
17.9
5S7.1
420.1
495.4
5651
66.4

317
341
7.2
1.099
Pickup
LS
2015
257
0.144
22.S
15.4
21.6
1S.4
5S3.3
415.S
4S9.2
5577
66.9

314
341
7.3
1.109
Pickup
LS
2016
394
0.207
22.5
15.2
21.3
IS.2
5S7.1
419.5
493.0
5602
66.0

315
341
7.2
1.097
Pickup
LS
2017
556
0.271
22.7
15.3
21.4
IS.2
5S1.0
414.2
4SS.4
5449
65.4

309
359
6.9
1.187
Pickup
LS
201S
-
0.242
23.3
15.7
21.7
IS.7
564.4
407.6
477.4
53S5
64.2

291
351
7.0
1.234
Pickup
M3
1975
















Pickup
M3
1976
















Pickup
M3
1977
















Pickup
M3
197S
















Pickup
M3
1979
230
0.104
17.7
14.4
16.0
15.1
613.4
550.S
5S9.9
41S1


272
127
14.9
0.469
Pickup
M3
19S0
267
0.1S6
17.5
13.9
16.1
14.S
625.3
537.S
59S.7
42S2


293
135
14.S
0.464
Pickup
M3
19S1
221
0.154
19.2
15.3
17.7
16.3
571.4
494.S
545.3
4126


2S5
127
15.0
0.449
Pickup
M3
19S2
151
0.105
IS.7
15.0
17.2
15.9
5S0.4
507.0
55S.0
4146


2S9
12S
16.0
0.445
Pickup
M3
19S3
125
0.077
IS.9
15.1
17.3
16.0
579.5
503.5
554.3
4269


296
129
14.S
0.438
Pickup
M3
19S4
87
0.042
19.6
15.6
IS.3
16.7
562.0
4S1.2
533.4
4259


2S9
129
14.S
0.445
Pickup
M3
19S5
165
0.079
IS.2
14.7
16.6
15.5
591.6
527.5
574.0
4352


302
141
13.9
0.469
Pickup
M3
19S6
170
0.067
IS.5
14.S
16.7
15.6
590.5
527.3
569.2
4329


299
137
13.5
0.459
Pickup
M3
19S7
120
0.056
17.7
14.2
15.9
14.9
621.5
555.2
595.2
4454


303
155
12.S
0.512
Pickup
M3
19SS
67
0.027
17.9
14.2
16.1
15.1
61S.7
546.4
590.9
4462


311
164
12.5
0.527
Pickup
M3
19S9
72
0.032
17.7
14.0
15.S
14.S
625.4
557.S
600.0
4559


307
157
12.6
0.511
Pickup
M3
1990
27
0.015
16.6
12.9
15.2
13.9
671.6
579.0
639.0
4671


316
169
11.5
0.534
Pickup
M3
1991
14
0.007
16.S
13.1
15.2
14.0
663.9
579.3
634.4
4644


314
171
11.4
0.545
Pickup
M3
1992
5
0.003
1S.1
14.3
15.7
15.0
619.3
564.7
593.0
4556


301
150
12.0
0.499
Pickup
M3
1993
3
0.002
IS.7
14.7
16.2
15.4
602.5
546.4
576.9
4555


300
159
10.9
0.528
Pickup
M3
1994
















Pickup
M3
1995
















Pickup
M3
1996
















Pickup
M3
1997
















Pickup
M3
199S
















Pickup
M3
1999
















Pickup
M3
2000
















Pickup
M3
2001
















Pickup
M3
2002
















Pickup
M3
2003
















Pickup
M3
2004
















Pickup
M3
2005
















Pickup
M3
2006
















Pickup
M3
2007
















Pickup
M3
200S
















Pickup
M3
2009
















Pickup
M3
2010
















Pickup
M3
2011
















Pickup
M3
2012
















Pickup
M3
2013
















Pickup
M3
2014
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-167	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
LS
2014
0.0605
50.9



69.1%
30.9%


100.0%


22.5%
94.2%

Pickup
LS
2015
0.0614
51.S



71.5%
28.5%

10.4%
77.1%

12.4%
25.4%
87.6%

Pickup
LS
2016
0.0610
51.2



75.5%
24.5%

21.2%
71.4%

7.5%
20.5%
92.5%
0.2%
Pickup
LS
2017
0.0661
49.S



76.0%
24.0%

37.4%
60.1%

2.5%
29.5%
97.5%
0.4%
Pickup
LS
201S
0.0654
50.2



73.8%
26.2%

63.5%
34.5%

2.0%
43.3%
98.0%
0.7%
Pickup
M3
1975















Pickup
M3
1976















Pickup
M3
1977















Pickup
M3
197S















Pickup
M3
1979
0.0304
31.7



9.7%
90.3%
100.0%







Pickup
M3
19S0
0.0315
32.1



32.2%
67.8%
100.0%



0.0%



Pickup
M3
19S1
0.030S
33.9



24.9%
75.1%
100.0%







Pickup
M3
19S2
0.0310
33.3



32.5%
67.5%
100.0%







Pickup
M3
19S3
0.0304
34.5



41.8%
58.2%
100.0%







Pickup
M3
19S4
0.0302
35.7



23.3%
76.7%
98.7%



1.3%



Pickup
M3
19S5
0.0325
34.1



54.3%
45.7%
94.2%

5.2%

0.6%



Pickup
M3
19S6
0.0316
34.0



51.0%
49.0%
81.7%

17.9%

0.4%



Pickup
M3
19S7
0.0350
33.4



54.8%
45.2%
6.2%

71.4%
22.2%
0.2%



Pickup
M3
19SS
0.036S
33.7



49.2%
50.8%
1.5%

55.1%
42.4%
1.0%



Pickup
M3
19S9
0.0345
34.1



55.8%
44.2%


74.8%
24.6%
0.6%



Pickup
M3
1990
0.0362
33.0



67.4%
32.6%


42.1%
56.6%
1.3%



Pickup
M3
1991
0.0369
33.1



62.1%
37.9%


44.1%
54.1%
1.8%



Pickup
M3
1992
0.0330
34.2



55.3%
44.7%


100.0%





Pickup
M3
1993
0.0349
35.2



56.4%
43.6%


100.0%





Pickup
M3
1994















Pickup
M3
1995















Pickup
M3
1996















Pickup
M3
1997















Pickup
M3
199S















Pickup
M3
1999















Pickup
M3
2000















Pickup
M3
2001















Pickup
M3
2002















Pickup
M3
2003















Pickup
M3
2004















Pickup
M3
2005















Pickup
M3
2006















Pickup
M3
2007















Pickup
M3
200S















Pickup
M3
2009















Pickup
M3
2010















Pickup
M3
2011















Pickup
M3
2012















Pickup
M3
2013















Pickup
M3
2014















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-168	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
M3
2015
















Pickup
M3
2016
















Pickup
M3
2017
















Pickup
M3
2018
















Pickup
M4
1975
















Pickup
M4
1976
















Pickup
M4
1977
















Pickup
M4
1978
















Pickup
M4
1979
527
0.239
17.8
14.5
16.5
15.4
565.3
484.5
578.8
3692


220
118
15.1
0.592
Pickup
M4
1980
378
0.263
23.2
18.3
21.7
19.7
471.1
396.5
451.7
3104


156
92
16.4
0.644
Pickup
M4
1981
356
0.247
24.6
19.4
23.2
20.9
448.0
375.7
427.1
3254


191
98
16.0
0.567
Pickup
M4
1982
327
0.227
25.5
20.1
24.2
21.7
435.3
361.2
411.7
3166


181
101
16.3
0.601
Pickup
M4
1983
409
0.251
26.5
20.9
24.9
22.5
418.3
351.3
396.1
3035


159
93
15.6
0.606
Pickup
M4
1984
460
0.225
22.9
18.1
21.5
19.5
470.7
395.0
456.5
3412


193
101
15.5
0.564
Pickup
M4
1985
316
0.152
26.4
20.7
25.2
22.5
416.5
345.2
395.8
3135


181
102
14.4
0.606
Pickup
M4
1986
295
0.116
26.6
20.8
25.1
22.6
411.9
342.0
393.7
3206


181
104
13.7
0.617
Pickup
M4
1987
276
0.129
26.1
20.3
24.6
22.1
422.8
349.0
402.7
3235


182
109
13.6
0.629
Pickup
M4
1988
110
0.045
26.2
20.8
23.5
22.0
425.2
374.9
404.4
2947


146
106
13.4
0.723
Pickup
M4
1989
57
0.026
25.6
20.2
22.9
21.4
435.0
384.4
415.4
2955


157
107
12.8
0.698
Pickup
M4
1990
51
0.028
26.0
20.2
23.4
21.6
434.3
374.3
410.7
2988


156
110
11.8
0.721
Pickup
M4
1991
5
0.003
20.3
15.4
19.0
17.0
559.7
456.7
524.2
4271


249
143
12.2
0.606
Pickup
M4
1992
45
0.024
18.9
14.0
18.4
15.9
629.6
471.1
560.8
4312


279
161
11.0
0.576
Pickup
M4
1993
24
0.012
17.7
13.2
16.7
14.7
666.6
525.7
603.8
4813


313
190
9.8
0.606
Pickup
M4
1994
18
0.007
17.4
13.0
16.2
14.4
676.4
539.6
616.6
4947


326
198
9.5
0.609
Pickup
M4
1995
11
0.005
17.6
13.0
16.6
14.6
679.8
530.1
609.0
4961


331
199
9.7
0.604
Pickup
M4
1996
















Pickup
M4
1997
















Pickup
M4
1998
















Pickup
M4
1999
















Pickup
M4
2000
















Pickup
M4
2001
















Pickup
M4
2002
















Pickup
M4
2003
















Pickup
M4
2004
















Pickup
M4
2005
















Pickup
M4
2006
















Pickup
M4
2007
















Pickup
M4
2008
















Pickup
M4
2009
















Pickup
M4
2010
















Pickup
M4
2011
















Pickup
M4
2012
















Pickup
M4
2013
















Pickup
M4
2014
















Pickup
M4
2015
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-169	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
M3
2015















Pickup
M3
2016















Pickup
M3
2017















Pickup
M3
2018















Pickup
M4
1975















Pickup
M4
1976















Pickup
M4
1977















Pickup
M4
1978















Pickup
M4
1979
0.0314
28.8



29.9%
70.1%
99.9%



0.1%



Pickup
M4
1980
0.0297
31.0


5.5%
28.8%
65.7%
94.4%


3.1%
2.5%



Pickup
M4
1981
0.0300
34.2


4.8%
22.7%
72.5%
93.7%


1.4%
4.9%



Pickup
M4
1982
0.0322
34.5


4.8%
15.9%
79.3%
93.9%


0.4%
5.7%



Pickup
M4
1983
0.0306
34.4


1.1%
16.7%
82.2%
96.4%


0.1%
3.5%



Pickup
M4
1984
0.0298
33.7


0.4%
27.0%
72.5%
98.1%



1.9%



Pickup
M4
1985
0.0327
35.5



10.1%
89.9%
78.7%

2.5%
18.1%
0.7%



Pickup
M4
1986
0.0328
36.4



9.0%
91.0%
64.2%

4.6%
30.7%
0.5%



Pickup
M4
1987
0.0338
35.9



7.3%
92.7%
35.9%

22.3%
41.7%
0.2%



Pickup
M4
1988
0.0361
32.5



0.8%
99.2%
58.3%

3.2%
38.5%




Pickup
M4
1989
0.0365
31.4



6.6%
93.4%
80.8%

6.2%
13.0%




Pickup
M4
1990
0.0371
32.3



5.5%
94.5%
61.6%

33.5%
4.9%




Pickup
M4
1991
0.0338
35.9



59.6%
40.4%
17.4%

65.9%
16.6%
0.1%



Pickup
M4
1992
0.0372
34.3



46.1%
53.9%


57.2%
42.1%
0.8%



Pickup
M4
1993
0.0394
35.7



67.6%
32.4%


19.7%
80.3%




Pickup
M4
1994
0.0400
36.0



74.7%
25.3%


11.4%
88.6%




Pickup
M4
1995
0.0401
36.3



68.9%
31.1%


11.3%
88.7%




Pickup
M4
1996















Pickup
M4
1997















Pickup
M4
1998















Pickup
M4
1999















Pickup
M4
2000















Pickup
M4
2001















Pickup
M4
2002















Pickup
M4
2003















Pickup
M4
2004















Pickup
M4
2005















Pickup
M4
2006















Pickup
M4
2007















Pickup
M4
2008















Pickup
M4
2009















Pickup
M4
2010















Pickup
M4
2011















Pickup
M4
2012















Pickup
M4
2013















Pickup
M4
2014















Pickup
M4
2015















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-170	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
M4
2016
















Pickup
M4
2017
















Pickup
M4
2018
















Pickup
M5
1975
















Pickup
M5
1976
















Pickup
M5
1977
















Pickup
M5
1978
















Pickup
M5
1979
124
0.056
22.7
17.5
22.1
19.4
494.9
395.8
459.2
2811


132
89
15.1
0.675
Pickup
M5
1980
200
0.139
25.5
20.0
24.2
21.7
439.0
364.5
409.6
2788


129
91
15.2
0.704
Pickup
M5
1981
254
0.176
28.7
22.7
26.9
24.4
395.4
336.4
374.2
2868


134
85
16.3
0.632
Pickup
M5
1982
298
0.207
28.0
22.2
26.1
23.8
402.8
345.1
382.6
2955


139
88
17.3
0.634
Pickup
M5
1983
383
0.235
27.0
21.2
25.6
23.0
414.2
343.3
389.5
3059


144
94
15.1
0.659
Pickup
M5
1984
575
0.281
26.8
21.1
25.4
22.8
416.9
345.6
390.9
3069


141
92
15.3
0.657
Pickup
M5
1985
590
0.284
26.3
20.8
24.8
22.4
422.7
355.2
397.0
3109


146
100
14.4
0.682
Pickup
M5
1986
1013
0.400
26.1
20.4
24.6
22.1
431.4
358.2
401.9
3133


143
101
13.8
0.705
Pickup
M5
1987
859
0.400
26.1
20.2
24.7
22.1
435.1
356.2
402.9
3127


147
103
13.8
0.697
Pickup
M5
1988
1076
0.438
24.6
18.9
23.4
20.7
456.6
370.4
428.4
3383


181
116
13.5
0.658
Pickup
M5
1989
1041
0.466
23.8
18.1
22.4
20.0
473.7
385.6
445.4
3495


189
122
12.6
0.674
Pickup
M5
1990
763
0.416
23.7
18.0
22.3
19.9
475.3
387.0
447.0
3541


193
130
11.4
0.708
Pickup
M5
1991
983
0.512
24.4
18.4
23.0
20.4
469.3
378.7
435.9
3439


186
127
11.5
0.707
Pickup
M5
1992
816
0.444
23.8
17.8
22.4
19.8
486.0
387.3
449.1
3585


193
130
11.3
0.704
Pickup
M5
1993
852
0.426
24.1
17.8
22.7
20.0
485.1
383.7
445.1
3548


188
131
10.5
0.723
Pickup
M5
1994
1051
0.394
24.3
18.0
22.6
20.0
481.6
385.0
443.5
3639


186
133
10.5
0.745
Pickup
M5
1995
889
0.391
23.7
17.4
22.1
19.5
493.8
389.7
455.4
3781


197
139
10.6
0.752
Pickup
M5
1996
677
0.346
24.4
17.7
22.7
20.0
487.8
380.9
444.4
3739


188
142
10.9
0.794
Pickup
M5
1997
608
0.253
24.7
17.9
22.8
20.2
483.5
380.2
440.5
3778


189
149
10.7
0.809
Pickup
M5
1998
660
0.273
24.4
17.6
22.5
19.9
491.5
384.9
446.5
3759


184
150
10.9
0.834
Pickup
M5
1999
446
0.175
23.7
16.9
21.8
19.2
511.7
397.6
462.2
3800


192
156
10.7
0.822
Pickup
M5
2000
435
0.167
23.5
16.8
21.2
18.9
516.8
409.5
469.1
3823


192
160
10.0
0.841
Pickup
M5
2001
303
0.120
22.9
16.4
20.7
18.5
527.9
420.5
481.4
3909


199
164
9.8
0.844
Pickup
M5
2002
227
0.095
22.7
16.1
20.4
18.2
535.2
426.1
487.5
3991


206
176
9.5
0.868
Pickup
M5
2003
256
0.103
23.4
16.4
21.1
18.7
525.8
411.8
474.0
3946


195
168
9.8
0.878
Pickup
M5
2004
172
0.068
22.9
16.0
20.6
18.3
542.3
421.8
485.2
3979


200
177
9.4
0.900
Pickup
M5
2005
94
0.041
24.0
16.4
21.7
19.1
530.4
402.5
465.5
4005


194
176
9.4
0.928
Pickup
M5
2006
96
0.044
24.4
16.7
22.2
19.5
522.5
393.3
456.6
4017


190
173
9.6
0.933
Pickup
M5
2007
67
0.031
25.0
17.2
22.4
19.8
505.1
390.8
448.3
3991


187
171
9.7
0.939
Pickup
M5
2008
50
0.028
25.6
17.7
22.8
20.3
492.4
384.3
438.5
3872
53.5

179
168
9.8
0.954
Pickup
M5
2009
34
0.034
27.2
18.9
23.8
21.4
464.7
369.7
415.6
3810
51.7

164
161
9.8
0.986
Pickup
M5
2010
24
0.019
27.0
18.7
23.6
21.2
470.3
371.8
418.6
3820
52.4

165
160
10.0
0.979
Pickup
M5
2011
24
0.016
26.7
18.6
23.1
20.9
468.8
378.3
424.4
3794
51.0

174
165
9.7
0.964
Pickup
M5
2012
12
0.009
27.1
19.0
22.3
20.7
466.5
395.6
428.5
3871
52.5

164
161
10.0
0.982
Pickup
M5
2013
11
0.007
27.5
19.3
22.4
20.9
459.4
394.5
424.7
3892
51.0

162
157
10.1
0.974
Pickup
M5
2014
8
0.004
27.4
19.2
22.3
20.9
460.3
395.4
425.6
3897
52.0

162
157
10.2
0.974
Pickup
M5
2015
7
0.004
27.3
19.2
22.1
20.7
462.0
399.7
428.7
4000
55.9

161
157
10.3
0.975
Pickup
M5
2016
4
0.002
27.0
19.2
21.8
20.6
463.4
406.8
431.8
4239
55.5

158
155
10.8
0.982
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-171	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
M4
2016















Pickup
M4
2017















Pickup
M4
2018















Pickup
M5
1975















Pickup
M5
1976















Pickup
M5
1977















Pickup
M5
1978















Pickup
M5
1979
0.0318
27.8




100.0%
100.0%







Pickup
M5
1980
0.0326
30.6


2.1%
3.8%
94.2%
97.9%


0.8%
1.3%



Pickup
M5
1981
0.0298
35.8


6.5%
19.5%
74.0%
73.3%


1.7%
25.0%



Pickup
M5
1982
0.0300
35.9


3.0%
27.1%
69.8%
77.0%


0.7%
22.3%



Pickup
M5
1983
0.0310
35.6


3.3%
31.0%
65.7%
92.5%


0.1%
7.4%



Pickup
M5
1984
0.0302
35.4


1.2%
30.0%
68.9%
93.3%

2.6%

4.1%



Pickup
M5
1985
0.0321
35.1



35.2%
64.8%
78.0%

18.8%
1.3%
1.9%



Pickup
M5
1986
0.0323
34.8



28.7%
71.3%
58.2%

19.1%
21.9%
0.8%



Pickup
M5
1987
0.0329
34.6



28.2%
71.8%
56.2%

22.9%
20.5%
0.4%



Pickup
M5
1988
0.0339
35.3



29.1%
70.9%
27.3%

45.1%
27.6%




Pickup
M5
1989
0.0349
35.0



28.2%
71.8%
14.5%

48.9%
36.6%




Pickup
M5
1990
0.0368
35.4



27.4%
72.6%
9.2%

68.3%
22.5%




Pickup
M5
1991
0.0368
35.2



21.8%
78.2%
5.5%

56.6%
37.9%




Pickup
M5
1992
0.0364
35.6



23.0%
77.0%
6.9%

63.3%
29.9%




Pickup
M5
1993
0.0370
35.6



24.2%
75.8%
4.5%

73.9%
21.6%




Pickup
M5
1994
0.0367
36.7



24.5%
75.5%
1.9%

89.1%
9.0%

3.9%


Pickup
M5
1995
0.0371
37.3



23.0%
77.0%


84.8%
15.2%

8.0%


Pickup
M5
1996
0.0380
37.7



21.5%
78.5%


100.0%


24.5%


Pickup
M5
1997
0.0392
38.4



19.2%
80.8%


100.0%


18.4%


Pickup
M5
1998
0.0397
37.8



25.3%
74.7%


100.0%


25.1%


Pickup
M5
1999
0.0407
36.9



29.4%
70.6%


100.0%


20.4%


Pickup
M5
2000
0.0415
36.5



24.6%
75.4%


100.0%


22.3%


Pickup
M5
2001
0.0418
36.3



25.9%
74.1%


100.0%


30.8%


Pickup
M5
2002
0.0439
36.7



31.1%
68.9%


100.0%


47.2%


Pickup
M5
2003
0.0423
37.2



28.0%
72.0%


100.0%


35.5%


Pickup
M5
2004
0.0445
36.7



34.3%
65.7%


100.0%


49.5%
5.7%

Pickup
M5
2005
0.0440
38.4



26.1%
73.9%


100.0%


61.0%
43.7%

Pickup
M5
2006
0.0432
39.2



23.6%
76.4%


100.0%


67.1%
53.2%

Pickup
M5
2007
0.0431
39.7



19.7%
80.3%


100.0%


69.0%
86.2%

Pickup
M5
2008
0.0433
39.5



25.6%
74.4%


100.0%


76.0%
76.0%

Pickup
M5
2009
0.0424
41.0



39.6%
60.4%


100.0%


95.1%
96.1%

Pickup
M5
2010
0.0421
40.8



42.8%
57.2%


100.0%


93.2%
73.7%

Pickup
M5
2011
0.0436
40.1



41.4%
58.6%


100.0%


78.4%
48.1%

Pickup
M5
2012
0.0418
40.2



46.8%
53.2%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M5
2013
0.0406
40.8



44.4%
55.6%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M5
2014
0.0405
40.8



45.3%
54.7%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M5
2015
0.0393
41.7



47.2%
52.8%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M5
2016
0.0367
43.6



47.7%
52.3%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-172	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
M5
2017
5
0.002
26.8
19.1
21.2
20.2
465.8
419.4
439.8
4357
56.2

161
157
10.9
0.975
Pickup
M5
2018
-
0.002
27.1
19.3
22.5
21.0
460.6
394.7
423.1
4000
54.5

153
152
10.5
0.996
Pickup
M6
1975
















Pickup
M6
1976
















Pickup
M6
1977
















Pickup
M6
1978
















Pickup
M6
1979
















Pickup
M6
1980
















Pickup
M6
1981
















Pickup
M6
1982
















Pickup
M6
1983
















Pickup
M6
1984
















Pickup
M6
1985
















Pickup
M6
1986
















Pickup
M6
1987
















Pickup
M6
1988
















Pickup
M6
1989
















Pickup
M6
1990
















Pickup
M6
1991
















Pickup
M6
1992
















Pickup
M6
1993
















Pickup
M6
1994
















Pickup
M6
1995
















Pickup
M6
1996
















Pickup
M6
1997
















Pickup
M6
1998
















Pickup
M6
1999
















Pickup
M6
2000
















Pickup
M6
2001
















Pickup
M6
2002
















Pickup
M6
2003
















Pickup
M6
2004
3
0.001
13.0
8.6
13.6
10.8
1035.6
652.7
819.7
5135


505
500
5.2
0.990
Pickup
M6
2005
37
0.016
20.1
13.8
18.5
16.1
633.3
477.2
550.4
4429


261
262
7.5
1.008
Pickup
M6
2006
39
0.018
20.6
14.3
18.7
16.5
616.8
473.0
538.0
4499


248
242
8.0
0.978
Pickup
M6
2007
26
0.012
21.3
14.9
19.0
17.0
594.2
467.2
523.5
4438


241
236
8.1
0.980
Pickup
M6
2008
22
0.012
21.1
14.8
18.7
16.8
597.2
473.3
528.5
4472
58.8

241
233
8.2
0.969
Pickup
M6
2009
7
0.007
20.9
14.6
18.8
16.7
609.3
471.9
531.3
4445
54.1

241
238
7.9
0.990
Pickup
M6
2010
7
0.005
20.4
14.3
18.0
16.2
619.6
492.3
547.7
4557
54.7

242
242
8.0
1.000
Pickup
M6
2011
7
0.005
20.6
14.6
18.4
16.5
609.5
482.8
538.4
4481
55.6

242
243
7.9
1.005
Pickup
M6
2012
8
0.006
22.0
15.5
19.4
17.5
573.3
458.5
508.1
4483
58.4

243
248
7.8
1.024
Pickup
M6
2013
7
0.005
22.0
15.5
19.4
17.5
573.7
456.7
507.7
4480
60.1

242
240
8.0
0.994
Pickup
M6
2014
5
0.003
21.8
15.4
19.1
17.3
576.8
465.9
513.7
4493
55.8

241
237
8.1
0.980
Pickup
M6
2015
9
0.005
22.9
16.0
20.3
18.2
552.1
432.5
488.1
4431
56.3

229
236
8.1
1.043
Pickup
M6
2016
9
0.005
24.7
17.4
21.5
19.5
510.2
408.7
455.4
4412
56.1

201
255
7.8
1.273
Pickup
M6
2017
13
0.006
24.2
17.1
20.7
19.0
518.4
426.3
467.7
4472
56.4

207
269
7.6
1.297
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-173	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
M5
2017
0.0361
44.0



71.5%
28.5%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M5
2018
0.0380
42.0




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
1975















Pickup
M6
1976















Pickup
M6
1977















Pickup
M6
1978















Pickup
M6
1979















Pickup
M6
1980















Pickup
M6
1981















Pickup
M6
1982















Pickup
M6
1983















Pickup
M6
1984















Pickup
M6
1985















Pickup
M6
1986















Pickup
M6
1987















Pickup
M6
1988















Pickup
M6
1989















Pickup
M6
1990















Pickup
M6
1991















Pickup
M6
1992















Pickup
M6
1993















Pickup
M6
1994















Pickup
M6
1995















Pickup
M6
1996















Pickup
M6
1997















Pickup
M6
1998















Pickup
M6
1999















Pickup
M6
2000















Pickup
M6
2001















Pickup
M6
2002















Pickup
M6
2003















Pickup
M6
2004
0.0975
27.8




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
M6
2005
0.0591
35.9



48.3%
51.7%


100.0%


70.9%
70.9%

Pickup
M6
2006
0.0540
37.3



50.7%
49.3%


100.0%


62.6%
62.6%

Pickup
M6
2007
0.0535
37.7



54.9%
45.1%


100.0%


65.0%
39.7%

Pickup
M6
2008
0.0526
37.6



53.3%
46.7%


100.0%


56.3%
12.4%

Pickup
M6
2009
0.0537
37.2



85.0%
15.0%


100.0%


98.4%
10.5%

Pickup
M6
2010
0.0531
37.0



90.0%
10.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2011
0.0543
37.0



90.6%
9.4%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2012
0.0554
39.2



88.0%
12.0%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2013
0.0537
39.2



91.6%
8.4%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2014
0.0527
38.9



97.8%
2.2%


100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2015
0.0533
40.5



82.2%
17.8%

14.4%
85.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2016
0.0577
43.1



74.1%
25.9%

24.1%
75.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
M6
2017
0.0600
42.5



89.5%
10.5%

9.8%
90.2%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-174	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot






Transmission
Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol




Vehicle Type
Type
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
0-60 Time
HP/CID
Pickup
M6
2018
-
0.004
25.2
17.7
21.7
19.8
499.2
405.8
449.3
4366
56.4

196
254
7.8
1.298
Pickup
OT
1975
















Pickup
OT
1976
















Pickup
OT
1977
















Pickup
OT
1978
















Pickup
OT
1979
















Pickup
OT
1980
















Pickup
OT
1981
















Pickup
OT
1982
















Pickup
OT
1983
7
0.004
15.6
12.3
14.5
13.2
699.4
606.2
671.4
4498


280
132
16.1
0.465
Pickup
OT
1984
















Pickup
OT
1985
















Pickup
OT
1986
















Pickup
OT
1987
















Pickup
OT
1988
















Pickup
OT
1989
















Pickup
OT
1990
















Pickup
OT
1991
















Pickup
OT
1992
















Pickup
OT
1993
















Pickup
OT
1994
















Pickup
OT
1995
















Pickup
OT
1996
1
0.000
15.5
11.3
14.7
12.8
788.7
602.7
693.1
5385


346
227
10.0
0.657
Pickup
OT
1997
















Pickup
OT
1998
















Pickup
OT
1999
















Pickup
OT
2000
















Pickup
OT
2001
















Pickup
OT
2002
















Pickup
OT
2003
















Pickup
OT
2004
















Pickup
OT
2005
















Pickup
OT
2006
















Pickup
OT
2007
















Pickup
OT
2008
















Pickup
OT
2009
















Pickup
OT
2010
















Pickup
OT
2011
















Pickup
OT
2012
















Pickup
OT
2013
















Pickup
OT
2014
















Pickup
OT
2015
















Pickup
OT
2016
















Pickup
OT
2017
















Pickup
OT
2018
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-175	March 2019

-------
CDA
liA
S4mi
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
p™"""n	Supplemental Table G: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle Type
Transmission
Type
Model
Year
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
M6
2018
0.0580
43.3



71.7%
28.3%

27.5%
72.5%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
OT
1975















Pickup
OT
1976















Pickup
OT
1977















Pickup
OT
1978















Pickup
OT
1979















Pickup
OT
1980















Pickup
OT
1981















Pickup
OT
1982















Pickup
OT
1983
0.0292
30.2



59.1%
40.9%
100.0%







Pickup
OT
1984















Pickup
OT
1985















Pickup
OT
1986















Pickup
OT
1987















Pickup
OT
1988















Pickup
OT
1989















Pickup
OT
1990















Pickup
OT
1991















Pickup
OT
1992















Pickup
OT
1993















Pickup
OT
1994















Pickup
OT
1995















Pickup
OT
1996
0.0422
34.5



77.0%
23.0%


100.0%





Pickup
OT
1997















Pickup
OT
1998















Pickup
OT
1999















Pickup
OT
2000















Pickup
OT
2001















Pickup
OT
2002















Pickup
OT
2003















Pickup
OT
2004















Pickup
OT
2005















Pickup
OT
2006















Pickup
OT
2007















Pickup
OT
2008















Pickup
OT
2009















Pickup
OT
2010















Pickup
OT
2011















Pickup
OT
2012















Pickup
OT
2013















Pickup
OT
2014















Pickup
OT
2015















Pickup
OT
2016















Pickup
OT
2017















Pickup
OT
2018















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	G-176	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
2
1975
51
0.006
15.8
12.2
15.4
13.5
726.9
577.6
660.0
2899


152
129

0.849
0.0444
19.5


Sedan/Wagon
2
1976
27
0.003
20.4
15.8
19.9
17.4
561.6
441.9
510.2
2952


156
132

0.846
0.0447
25.8


Sedan/Wagon
2
1977
16
0.001
22.3
17.0
22.3
19.1
519.0
393.4
466.0
2966

91.1
157
133

0.846
0.0448
28.5
1747
2596
Sedan/Wagon
2
1978
2
0.000
20.9
16.3
20.1
17.8
542.1
437.8
498.2
2855

94.2
154
131
10.6
0.848
0.0459
25.5
1683
2416
Sedan/Wagon
2
1979
52
0.005
20.4
15.3
21.1
17.5
581.2
419.6
509.2
2750

50.0
140
125
11.4
0.893
0.0455
24.0
873
1201
Sedan/Wagon
2
1980
53
0.006
19.8
14.8
20.8
17.0
601.5
426.5
523.5
2750

50.0
140
100
13.5
0.714
0.0364
23.4
850
1168
Sedan/Wagon
2
1981
34
0.004
23.7
18.4
23.0
20.2
482.6
385.8
439.8
2500

50.0
140
100
12.7
0.714
0.0400
25.3
1012
1265
Sedan/Wagon
2
1982
51
0.007
23.7
18.4
22.9
20.2
482.1
387.1
440.3
2500

50.0
140
100
13.6
0.714
0.0400
25.3
1011
1264
Sedan/Wagon
2
1983
61
0.008
22.7
17.6
22.0
19.3
505.1
402.9
459.6
2516

50.0
140
100
12.4
0.714
0.0398
24.3
968
1216
Sedan/Wagon
2
1984
41
0.004
22.0
16.5
22.5
18.8
536.9
394.6
473.1
2577

50.0
144
109
11.9
0.749
0.0420
24.2
940
1210
Sedan/Wagon
2
1985
59
0.005
22.1
16.6
22.6
18.9
534.4
392.5
470.7
2568

50.0
143
106
11.9
0.739
0.0412
24.2
944
1212
Sedan/Wagon
2
1986
51
0.005
23.0
17.0
23.9
19.6
521.2
371.4
453.0
2925

79.4
160
146
9.8
0.913
0.0500
28.7
1558
2278
Sedan/Wagon
2
1987
51
0.005
22.8
16.8
23.6
19.4
527.5
376.0
457.6
3000

50.0
160
152
9.8
0.953
0.0508
29.1
971
1457
Sedan/Wagon
2
1988
39
0.004
22.6
16.6
23.4
19.2
536.0
379.4
462.8
3111

50.0
160
150
10.2
0.938
0.0485
29.9
960
1493
Sedan/Wagon
2
1989
9
0.001
22.9
16.6
23.8
19.4
534.9
373.4
458.8
3141

50.0
160
163
9.5
1.021
0.0523
30.4
969
1520
Sedan/Wagon
2
1990
11
0.001
22.9
16.5
23.7
19.3
538.0
374.7
460.0
3169

50.0
160
162
9.0
1.014
0.0515
30.6
967
1529
Sedan/Wagon
2
1991
8
0.001
22.8
16.4
23.5
19.2
542.2
377.5
462.6
3203

50.0
160
161
9.2
1.007
0.0506
30.7
962
1537
Sedan/Wagon
2
1992
0
0.000
22.7
15.9
24.4
19.2
560.0
364.9
463.9
3500

50.0
160
160
9.3
1.000
0.0457
33.5
958
1676
Sedan/Wagon
2
1993
10
0.001
23.5
16.7
24.1
19.7
533.3
369.2
451.5
3000

50.0
160
255
6.0
1.594
0.0850
29.5
984
1476
Sedan/Wagon
2
1994
3
0.000
23.5
16.6
24.0
19.6
536.6
370.7
452.9
3000

50.0
160
255
5.9
1.594
0.0850
29.4
981
1472
Sedan/Wagon
2
1995
1
0.000
22.9
16.0
23.5
19.1
553.7
378.7
464.4
3000

50.0
160
255
6.4
1.594
0.0850
28.7
957
1435
Sedan/Wagon
2
1996




















Sedan/Wagon
2
1997




















Sedan/Wagon
2
1998




















Sedan/Wagon
2
1999




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2000




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2001




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2002




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2003




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2004
35
0.005
23.8
16.3
22.0
19.1
544.4
403.6
465.0
3500

96.3
160
224
7.4
1.397
0.0639
33.4
1841
3221
Sedan/Wagon
2
2005
18
0.002
23.8
16.2
22.0
19.0
548.8
404.5
466.6
3500

96.3
80
220
7.9
2.752
0.0629
33.3
1834
3210
Sedan/Wagon
2
2006
6
0.001
24.0
16.3
22.3
19.2
545.8
398.5
462.0
3500

96.3
79
227
7.5
2.870
0.0648
33.7
1853
3242
Sedan/Wagon
2
2007
6
0.001
24.0
16.3
22.3
19.3
546.2
397.3
461.5
3500

96.3
79
225
7.7
2.852
0.0644
33.7
1855
3246
Sedan/Wagon
2
2008
2
0.000
24.0
16.3
22.3
19.2
545.8
398.2
461.8
3500
43.7
96.3
79
226
7.7
2.865
0.0647
33.7
1854
3244
Sedan/Wagon
2
2009
3
0.001
24.0
16.3
22.3
19.2
545.2
399.0
462.1
3500
43.7
96.3
79
224
7.5
2.838
0.0641
33.7
1853
3242
Sedan/Wagon
2
2010
1
0.000
24.0
16.3
22.3
19.2
545.3
398.7
461.9
3500
43.7
97.0
79
224
7.6
2.834
0.0640
33.7
1867
3266
Sedan/Wagon
2
2011
1
0.000
24.0
16.3
22.2
19.2
543.8
399.5
461.7
3500
43.6
97.0
79
224
7.6
2.830
0.0639
33.7
1867
3268
Sedan/Wagon
2
2012




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2013




















Sedan/Wagon
2
2014
6
0.001
132.2
119.0
65.7
81.4
10.8
80.9
50.8
3500
43.3
98.6
37
170
6.8
4.643
0.0486
142.4
8022
14038
Sedan/Wagon
2
2015
7
0.001
132.2
119.0
65.7
81.4
10.8
80.9
50.8
3500
43.3
98.6
37
170
7.9
4.643
0.0486
142.4
8022
14038
Sedan/Wagon
2
2016
4
0.001
132.2
119.0
65.7
81.4
10.8
80.9
50.8
3500
43.3
98.6
37
38
7.1
1.038
0.0109
142.4
8022
14038
Sedan/Wagon
2
2017
7
0.001
130.8
109.8
67.7
81.0
7.2
66.0
40.7
3500
43.3
98.6
37
38
7.1
1.038
0.0109
141.8
7991
13984
Sedan/Wagon
2
2018
-
0.001
128.4
108.5
66.6
79.8
7.2
67.2
41.4
3500
43.4
98.6
37
38
7.1
1.038
0.0109
139.7
7872
13776
Sedan/Wagon
3
1975




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1976




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1977




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1978




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1979




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1980




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-l	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
2
1975


100.0%
50.5%
49.5%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1976


100.0%
40.1%
59.9%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1977


100.0%
61.7%
38.3%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1978


100.0%
66.3%
33.7%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1979


100.0%
90.1%
9.9%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1980


100.0%
90.5%
9.5%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1981


100.0%
91.4%
8.6%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1982


100.0%
89.6%
10.4%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1983


100.0%
92.2%
7.8%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
2
1984


100.0%
91.4%

8.6%


77.6%


22.4%




Sedan/Wagon
2
1985


100.0%
87.2%

12.8%


85.4%

14.6%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1986


100.0%
82.4%

17.6%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1987


100.0%
85.5%

14.5%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1988


100.0%
86.2%

13.8%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1989


100.0%
74.1%

25.9%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1990


100.0%
72.8%

27.2%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1991


100.0%
74.7%

25.3%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1992


100.0%
100.0%






100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1993


100.0%
84.8%

15.2%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1994


100.0%
88.0%

12.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1995


100.0%
87.6%

12.4%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
2
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
2
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
2
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2004


100.0%
64.9%

35.1%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2005


100.0%
56.5%

43.5%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2006


100.0%
56.7%

43.3%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2007


100.0%
51.3%

48.7%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2008


100.0%
55.0%

45.0%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2009


100.0%
61.1%

38.9%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2010


100.0%
59.5%

40.5%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2011


100.0%
57.8%

42.2%




100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
2
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
2
2014


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%

100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2
2015


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%

100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2
2016


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%

100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2
2017


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%

100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
2
2018


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%

100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
1975
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1976
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1977
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1978
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1979
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1980
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-2	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
3
1981




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1982




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1983




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1984




















Sedan/Wagon
3
1985
37
0.003
57.4
46.7
51.5
48.8
190.0
171.9
182.3
1750

82.6
61
48
17.6
0.787
0.0274
42.8
4037
3533
Sedan/Wagon
3
1986
81
0.007
55.9
45.4
49.4
47.1
192.6
176.5
188.5
1750

84.6
61
46
17.8
0.759
0.0264
42.0
4053
3547
Sedan/Wagon
3
1987
78
0.007
50.8
40.8
44.8
42.6
214.9
195.0
208.8
1878

84.8
63
51
17.6
0.810
0.0271
40.3
3661
3414
Sedan/Wagon
3
1988
103
0.010
47.2
37.6
41.6
39.4
231.2
209.6
225.7
1867

86.6
65
54
17.0
0.824
0.0286
37.3
3473
3226
Sedan/Wagon
3
1989
85
0.008
47.5
37.8
41.1
39.4
229.0
210.2
225.8
1975

90.9
65
55
16.6
0.843
0.0276
39.4
3679
3584
Sedan/Wagon
3
1990
46
0.005
48.7
38.3
42.0
40.0
225.1
204.6
222.0
2021

87.9
63
55
15.8
0.854
0.0269
41.4
3647
3650
Sedan/Wagon
3
1991
111
0.013
48.2
37.4
41.8
39.5
233.3
207.8
225.2
2008

85.5
62
56
15.7
0.907
0.0280
40.3
3462
3462
Sedan/Wagon
3
1992
111
0.014
48.6
37.2
42.1
39.5
234.6
207.4
224.8
1984

87.6
61
55
15.7
0.902
0.0278
39.8
3532
3494
Sedan/Wagon
3
1993
88
0.010
51.1
38.9
43.8
41.2
223.7
198.9
215.5
1979

88.6
62
56
14.3
0.906
0.0282
41.5
3739
3683
Sedan/Wagon
3
1994
100
0.012
50.0
37.6
42.7
40.0
231.4
204.6
221.9
1981

91.7
61
55
14.5
0.904
0.0280
40.3
3741
3695
Sedan/Wagon
3
1995
29
0.003
54.5
40.3
46.8
43.4
220.6
190.0
204.7
2000

99.9
61
55
14.2
0.902
0.0275
43.4
4336
4336
Sedan/Wagon
3
1996
25
0.003
54.8
40.3
46.4
43.3
220.4
191.7
205.3
2000

100.0
61
55
14.8
0.902
0.0275
43.3
4327
4327
Sedan/Wagon
3
1997
13
0.002
54.4
39.5
46.1
42.8
224.9
192.6
207.8
2000

90.5
61
55
14.8
0.902
0.0275
42.8
3871
3871
Sedan/Wagon
3
1998
12
0.001
53.6
38.1
46.1
42.0
233.3
192.7
211.7
2000

89.7
60
55
15.3
0.917
0.0275
42.0
3765
3765
Sedan/Wagon
3
1999




















Sedan/Wagon
3
2000
11
0.001
61.6
42.7
51.6
47.1
201.1
166.2
188.6
2000

68.1
61
61
12.7
1.005
0.0306
48.8
3153
3153
Sedan/Wagon
3
2001
3
0.000
71.2
49.3
56.3
53.0
179.9
156.3
167.7
2111

50.0
61
66
11.1
1.084
0.0315
55.9
2661
2797
Sedan/Wagon
3
2002




















Sedan/Wagon
3
2003
1
0.000
69.0
47.4
53.0
50.4
187.4
166.2
176.2
2167

50.0
61
66
11.1
1.076
0.0304
54.6
2530
2732
Sedan/Wagon
3
2004
1
0.000
68.5
46.7
51.9
49.5
190.3
170.3
179.5
2175

50.0
61
66
11.1
1.075
0.0303
53.8
2482
2692
Sedan/Wagon
3
2005
1
0.000
69.7
46.6
52.7
49.9
190.5
167.5
178.0
2140

50.0
61
69
11.1
1.123
0.0322
53.4
2504
2670
Sedan/Wagon
3
2006
1
0.000
70.3
46.7
53.6
50.4
190.0
164.7
176.2
2111

50.0
61
72
11.1
1.182
0.0343
53.2
2529
2661
Sedan/Wagon
3
2007




















Sedan/Wagon
3
2008
22
0.003
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.2
1.148
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857
Sedan/Wagon
3
2009
14
0.003
49.5
33.4
40.5
37.1
265.8
219.3
239.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
12.9
1.148
0.0350
37.1
1857
1857
Sedan/Wagon
3
2010
3
0.001
49.1
33.3
40.0
36.8
266.9
222.0
241.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.8
1841
1841
Sedan/Wagon
3
2011
3
0.001
48.7
32.7
38.2
35.6
271.4
232.7
249.3
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
35.6
1782
1782
Sedan/Wagon
3
2012
5
0.001
49.5
33.8
37.7
35.9
262.7
235.8
247.4
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
35.9
1796
1796
Sedan/Wagon
3
2013
13
0.002
49.8
34.1
37.9
36.2
260.7
234.6
245.8
2000
26.8
50.0
61
70
13.0
1.148
0.0350
36.2
1808
1808
Sedan/Wagon
3
2014
33
0.004
51.0
33.8
40.2
37.2
260.4
220.1
239.0
2360
36.5
91.7
75
90
11.9
1.183
0.0371
43.8
3449
4065
Sedan/Wagon
3
2015
70
0.009
49.4
32.6
39.4
36.2
268.5
224.2
245.7
2514
38.0
93.2
77
103
11.2
1.322
0.0396
45.3
3417
4262
Sedan/Wagon
3
2016
32
0.004
43.3
28.5
36.2
32.4
306.2
244.5
273.9
2967
39.7
87.1
77
126
9.7
1.656
0.0422
48.2
2806
4232
Sedan/Wagon
3
2017
69
0.010
47.1
31.2
39.8
35.6
276.6
219.8
249.4
2712
40.1
100.8
76
101
11.3
1.331
0.0367
48.3
3662
4872
Sedan/Wagon
3
2018
-
0.010
45.4
29.5
38.0
33.8
292.3
231.1
262.3
2850
41.4
104.0
75
108
10.9
1.464
0.0376
48.0
3569
5006
Sedan/Wagon
4
1975
1805
0.219
24.3
18.7
23.8
20.7
466.2
364.3
429.7
2651


112
79

0.716
0.0298
27.6


Sedan/Wagon
4
1976
2017
0.207
26.5
20.5
25.8
22.6
423.5
338.5
393.2
2613


111
77

0.706
0.0296
29.7


Sedan/Wagon
4
1977
2287
0.202
28.7
22.4
27.6
24.4
385.6
314.0
364.6
2524

86.8
106
78

0.742
0.0308
31.2
2178
2718
Sedan/Wagon
4
1978
2926
0.262
28.3
22.3
26.7
24.1
387.3
324.1
369.8
2511

88.9
108
77
14.7
0.727
0.0308
30.7
2196
2731
Sedan/Wagon
4
1979
3157
0.292
27.1
21.2
25.7
23.1
408.8
338.9
386.4
2564

90.1
110
77
16.3
0.707
0.0300
29.8
2121
2695
Sedan/Wagon
4
1980
4511
0.478
28.1
22.0
26.8
23.9
396.6
327.2
373.0
2573

93.0
116
78
16.5
0.681
0.0303
31.0
2267
2891
Sedan/Wagon
4
1981
4469
0.512
29.8
23.4
28.3
25.4
372.9
308.9
351.7
2556

97.7
115
79
16.3
0.693
0.0308
32.7
2515
3192
Sedan/Wagon
4
1982
4252
0.544
30.9
24.1
29.8
26.3
363.5
294.1
338.4
2595

97.8
115
78
17.7
0.686
0.0300
34.4
2609
3367
Sedan/Wagon
4
1983
4158
0.520
31.2
24.4
29.8
26.6
355.2
291.0
334.8
2622

101.2
118
81
15.9
0.694
0.0307
35.2
2737
3556
Sedan/Wagon
4
1984
5744
0.538
31.4
24.4
30.2
26.7
357.5
289.5
333.1
2655

100.3
119
85
15.4
0.718
0.0320
35.8
2720
3586
Sedan/Wagon
4
1985
5865
0.543
31.5
24.6
30.3
26.9
355.1
288.0
330.9
2671

101.9
120
90
14.8
0.752
0.0336
36.1
2774
3685
Sedan/Wagon
4
1986
6462
0.587
31.3
24.2
30.0
26.6
359.9
291.6
334.6
2719

102.5
122
91
14.2
0.753
0.0332
36.3
2753
3725
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-3	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
3
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1982
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1983
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1984
















Sedan/Wagon
3
1985
100.0%


90.1%
9.9%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
3
1986
100.0%


64.7%
35.3%



100.0%







Sedan/Wagon
3
1987
100.0%


73.5%
26.5%



91.4%

8.6%


13.5%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1988
89.0%
11.0%

76.5%
23.5%



85.3%

13.2%
1.5%

31.4%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1989
100.0%


64.3%
20.8%

14.9%

29.5%

13.0%
57.5%

29.5%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1990
89.0%
11.0%

77.7%
15.9%

6.4%

5.7%

24.2%
70.1%

20.7%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1991
94.5%
5.5%

61.0%
35.8%

3.3%

2.5%

7.8%
89.7%

8.1%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1992
99.6%
0.4%

50.1%
49.7%

0.2%

0.7%

1.9%
97.4%

1.2%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1993
97.7%
2.3%

69.2%
30.0%

0.9%



4.6%
95.4%

4.6%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1994
100.0%


53.9%
46.1%





2.4%
97.6%

2.4%


Sedan/Wagon
3
1995
100.0%


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
3
1996
100.0%


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
3
1997
100.0%


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
3
1998
100.0%


100.0%







100.0%




Sedan/Wagon
3
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
3
2000
52.4%

47.6%
100.0%






52.4%
47.6%

52.4%
52.4%
52.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2001
100.0%


55.8%


44.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
3
2003
100.0%


33.2%


66.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2004
100.0%


29.8%


70.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2005
100.0%


44.0%


56.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2006
100.0%


55.7%


44.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
3
2008


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2009


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2010


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2011


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2012


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2013


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
3
2014
81.4%
2.3%
16.3%
16.3%
16.3%
15.9%
51.6%


19.9%
80.1%


100.0%
100.0%
2.3%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2015
85.6%
3.4%
11.1%
16.0%
11.1%
27.3%
45.6%


38.6%
61.4%


100.0%
100.0%
3.4%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2016
73.4%
4.5%
22.1%
14.2%
19.8%
66.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%
4.5%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2017
89.8%
7.2%
3.0%
9.8%
2.9%
35.0%
52.3%


44.2%
55.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.8%
Sedan/Wagon
3
2018
91.1%
8.9%

16.9%

45.2%
37.9%


59.3%
40.7%


100.0%
100.0%
1.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4
1975
25.2%

74.8%
67.7%
31.1%
1.2%


84.8%

14.4%

0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1976
22.0%

78.0%
63.9%
36.1%



92.7%

6.7%

0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1977
28.3%

71.7%
69.5%
30.5%



86.3%

11.9%

1.8%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1978
31.8%

68.2%
65.9%
32.6%
1.5%


87.8%

10.4%

1.7%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1979
33.5%
1.2%
65.3%
61.8%
34.1%
2.6%

1.6%
90.9%

7.0%

2.1%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1980
44.8%
1.0%
54.2%
58.3%
39.7%
0.7%

1.3%
87.3%

9.1%

3.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1981
60.6%
0.9%
38.4%
54.1%
43.1%
1.7%

1.1%
88.5%

7.5%

4.0%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1982
72.1%
0.9%
26.9%
48.6%
29.1%
21.4%

0.9%
78.7%

7.5%
11.2%
2.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1983
76.2%
5.1%
18.7%
44.1%
28.8%
26.2%

0.9%
66.3%

11.7%
21.0%
1.0%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1984
81.3%
1.4%
17.2%
39.9%
29.6%
30.4%

0.1%
54.7%

15.4%
28.3%
1.6%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1985
84.0%
3.7%
12.2%
36.7%
31.5%
31.8%


46.9%

18.7%
33.6%
0.8%



Sedan/Wagon
4
1986
89.5%
1.5%
9.0%
36.5%
26.5%
37.0%


36.3%

24.4%
38.9%
0.4%
7.6%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-4	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
4
1987
6679
0.622
31.1
24.0
29.7
26.3
364.7
294.8
337.9
2732

102.1
121
92
14.3
0.772
0.0336
36.2
2711
3690
Sedan/Wagon
4
1988
6333
0.590
31.7
24.3
30.1
26.7
359.1
291.6
332.9
2739

101.8
118
95
14.3
0.805
0.0343
36.8
2749
3743
Sedan/Wagon
4
1989
5671
0.566
31.1
23.6
29.6
26.1
370.7
296.5
340.6
2794

101.5
120
100
13.4
0.840
0.0357
36.6
2679
3719
Sedan/Wagon
4
1990
4925
0.559
30.7
23.1
29.1
25.6
379.4
302.0
346.7
2857

100.8
122
108
12.0
0.901
0.0378
36.7
2606
3708
Sedan/Wagon
4
1991
4843
0.568
30.8
23.0
29.3
25.7
380.3
299.3
346.2
2846

100.9
121
109
12.1
0.913
0.0380
36.7
2622
3710
Sedan/Wagon
4
1992
3946
0.487
30.9
22.8
29.4
25.7
382.5
297.4
346.2
2885

100.7
120
112
11.6
0.947
0.0388
37.2
2615
3748
Sedan/Wagon
4
1993
4268
0.505
31.6
23.1
30.1
26.1
378.6
292.1
340.2
2866

101.9
119
110
11.0
0.930
0.0383
37.6
2690
3833
Sedan/Wagon
4
1994
4190
0.498
31.6
22.9
30.1
26.1
382.9
291.5
341.0
2899

102.0
120
113
10.8
0.955
0.0390
37.9
2683
3870
Sedan/Wagon
4
1995
4620
0.492
32.2
23.1
30.7
26.4
379.2
286.6
336.3
2889

102.7
118
120
10.7
1.016
0.0413
38.3
2738
3934
Sedan/Wagon
4
1996
3982
0.505
31.6
22.5
30.1
25.9
389.5
291.7
343.5
2937

102.8
121
123
10.9
1.023
0.0420
38.1
2686
3921
Sedan/Wagon
4
1997
4481
0.538
31.8
22.4
30.2
25.9
391.6
291.6
343.0
2947

102.4
122
124
10.9
1.024
0.0420
38.3
2672
3922
Sedan/Wagon
4
1998
4097
0.514
32.0
22.4
30.3
26.0
393.0
291.3
342.5
3015

103.4
122
127
11.1
1.044
0.0421
39.2
2702
4059
Sedan/Wagon
4
1999
4055
0.484
31.4
21.9
29.7
25.5
401.5
297.2
349.2
3072

103.7
124
129
11.0
1.051
0.0421
39.1
2656
4066
Sedan/Wagon
4
2000
4397
0.482
31.2
21.6
29.2
25.2
406.1
302.1
353.3
3072

104.4
123
130
10.5
1.064
0.0425
38.7
2646
4051
Sedan/Wagon
4
2001
4177
0.497
31.7
21.8
29.5
25.5
400.4
297.8
349.3
3102

104.9
124
132
10.3
1.067
0.0425
39.6
2700
4168
Sedan/Wagon
4
2002
4329
0.522
31.5
21.5
29.1
25.2
406.3
301.6
353.6
3135

106.8
126
138
10.2
1.099
0.0440
39.6
2715
4242
Sedan/Wagon
4
2003
4135
0.522
32.2
21.8
29.6
25.6
401.0
297.5
348.0
3161

107.1
126
142
10.0
1.135
0.0449
40.6
2767
4360
Sedan/Wagon
4
2004
3742
0.497
32.6
21.9
29.9
25.8
398.3
293.8
345.0
3153

107.4
126
145
9.8
1.153
0.0458
41.0
2805
4405
Sedan/Wagon
4
2005
4363
0.544
33.2
22.2
30.1
26.1
389.1
291.7
341.1
3143

108.3
126
145
9.7
1.151
0.0459
41.5
2877
4506
Sedan/Wagon
4
2006
4039
0.505
33.3
22.2
30.2
26.2
389.7
290.0
340.1
3185

108.1
127
150
9.6
1.183
0.0470
42.2
2878
4572
Sedan/Wagon
4
2007
4675
0.579
34.4
23.0
31.0
26.9
374.0
282.6
329.9
3206

108.0
127
149
9.6
1.176
0.0464
43.8
2971
4745
Sedan/Wagon
4
2008
4238
0.579
34.6
23.1
31.1
27.1
370.4
281.2
327.9
3216
43.6
108.3
127
151
9.7
1.186
0.0466
44.2
2999
4801
Sedan/Wagon
4
2009
3925
0.696
35.2
23.5
31.7
27.5
369.7
277.5
323.2
3246
43.9
109.7
128
151
9.5
1.186
0.0464
45.1
3059
4952
Sedan/Wagon
4
2010
4259
0.703
37.0
24.7
33.0
28.8
344.3
265.9
309.1
3255
44.1
110.0
128
152
9.5
1.186
0.0465
48.1
3256
5313
Sedan/Wagon
4
2011
3814
0.664
36.5
24.0
32.6
28.2
358.8
270.3
315.4
3321
44.8
111.2
129
159
9.2
1.244
0.0478
47.6
3192
5303
Sedan/Wagon
4
2012
5581
0.755
38.5
25.3
34.0
29.6
337.9
258.9
300.4
3281
44.7
110.4
125
157
9.1
1.264
0.0478
49.5
3338
5481
Sedan/Wagon
4
2013
6295
0.765
39.5
26.0
34.7
30.3
326.1
252.6
293.5
3304
44.9
110.1
123
163
8.9
1.339
0.0492
51.5
3433
5692
Sedan/Wagon
4
2014
5856
0.767
39.7
26.0
34.7
30.4
329.4
254.2
293.5
3329
45.2
111.3
123
163
8.9
1.339
0.0488
51.4
3443
5733
Sedan/Wagon
4
2015
6279
0.795
40.1
26.2
35.2
30.6
328.6
250.8
290.5
3351
45.4
111.7
125
168
CO
CO
1.346
0.0497
52.1


Sedan/Wagon
4
2016
5769
0.809
40.4
26.3
35.5
30.9
324.5
247.0
287.8
3326
45.5
111.9
122
168
8.7
1.396
0.0502
52.3


Sedan/Wagon
4
2017
5710
0.818
41.3
27.2
36.4
31.8
296.8
239.4
279.6
3352
45.6
112.3
120
166
8.7
1.405
0.0494
55.3


Sedan/Wagon
4
2018
-
0.787
41.9
27.5
36.1
31.9
277.4
239.7
278.2
3389
45.9
112.7
118
172
8.5
1.473
0.0506
55.6


Sedan/Wagon
5
1975
5
0.001
26.8
21.5
24.5
22.8
472.9
416.3
447.4
3500


183
77

0.421
0.0220
39.8


Sedan/Wagon
5
1976
12
0.001
24.4
20.0
21.7
20.7
510.2
469.6
491.9
4000


183
77

0.421
0.0193
41.4


Sedan/Wagon
5
1977
12
0.001
24.9
20.7
21.6
21.1
492.2
471.2
482.7
4000

105.0
183
77

0.421
0.0193
42.2
2214
4428
Sedan/Wagon
5
1978
39
0.003
20.9
16.5
19.6
17.8
558.5
476.9
525.0
3411

103.6
152
102
15.1
0.690
0.0306
31.5
1873
3249
Sedan/Wagon
5
1979
43
0.004
22.8
18.4
20.7
19.4
515.9
465.3
496.1
3596

106.0
162
100
16.5
0.636
0.0284
35.9
2090
3818
Sedan/Wagon
5
1980
66
0.007
23.8
18.7
22.6
20.3
500.2
413.4
470.1
3357

105.3
152
93
17.1
0.630
0.0281
35.4
2208
3744
Sedan/Wagon
5
1981
59
0.007
25.4
20.1
23.8
21.6
469.0
397.4
442.8
3358

105.3
155
98
16.4
0.650
0.0297
37.4
2330
3971
Sedan/Wagon
5
1982
58
0.007
26.9
21.5
24.7
22.9
443.3
388.9
422.4
3602

105.8
164
114
16.4
0.705
0.0319
42.3
2460
4501
Sedan/Wagon
5
1983
64
0.008
27.4
22.0
25.1
23.3
438.5
387.9
417.9
3660

106.1
165
114
15.2
0.696
0.0313
43.6
2505
4638
Sedan/Wagon
5
1984
116
0.011
24.6
19.4
23.3
21.0
473.0
396.8
440.5
3327

110.3
148
109
14.7
0.748
0.0330
35.8
2334
3929
Sedan/Wagon
5
1985
99
0.009
24.0
18.9
22.8
20.5
488.6
406.1
452.7
3360

110.2
151
117
13.9
0.788
0.0352
34.9
2265
3837
Sedan/Wagon
5
1986
71
0.006
23.3
17.9
22.7
19.8
495.6
391.4
450.0
3035

111.0
136
116
12.6
0.854
0.0383
30.2
2206
3357
Sedan/Wagon
5
1987
45
0.004
23.9
18.3
23.0
20.2
485.0
386.0
441.9
3095

110.7
139
127
12.1
0.914
0.0409
31.7
2253
3499
Sedan/Wagon
5
1988
19
0.002
24.3
18.4
23.7
20.5
483.2
375.1
434.7
3047

104.6
140
129
11.8
0.920
0.0422
31.5
2155
3289
Sedan/Wagon
5
1989
16
0.002
23.8
18.0
22.8
20.0
493.2
390.0
445.4
3416

108.5
140
135
12.0
0.969
0.0398
34.3
2174
3726
Sedan/Wagon
5
1990
18
0.002
23.9
18.0
22.8
20.0
494.3
390.3
446.4
3407

105.1
141
138
11.1
0.980
0.0406
34.4
2125
3630
Sedan/Wagon
5
1991
15
0.002
24.5
18.1
24.0
20.6
494.3
374.1
439.0
3460

106.7
142
141
11.1
1.002
0.0407
36.2
2230
3871
Sedan/Wagon
5
1992
27
0.003
26.1
19.2
25.1
21.7
466.0
358.4
413.5
3497

100.9
150
170
9.6
1.135
0.0486
38.3
2211
3867
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-5	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
4
1987
92.0%
1.5%
6.5%
34.4%
22.6%
43.0%


31.8%

24.9%
43.2%
0.1%
21.9%


Sedan/Wagon
4
1988
94.1%
1.0%
4.9%
35.2%
14.4%
50.3%


21.5%

32.7%
45.9%

30.2%


Sedan/Wagon
4
1989
93.2%
1.5%
5.2%
31.8%
14.7%
53.5%


15.0%

43.7%
41.3%
0.1%
38.8%


Sedan/Wagon
4
1990
93.2%
1.5%
5.3%
30.6%
11.4%
57.9%


1.7%

62.9%
35.3%
0.0%
52.4%


Sedan/Wagon
4
1991
92.5%
2.1%
5.4%
31.2%
7.9%
60.9%


0.0%

68.9%
31.0%
0.1%
52.9%
2.8%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1992
88.5%
1.2%
10.3%
30.1%
8.5%
61.4%




86.6%
13.4%
0.0%
58.2%
4.9%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1993
94.1%
2.0%
3.9%
29.3%
7.8%
62.9%




88.1%
11.9%

54.8%
5.4%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1994
97.1%
0.7%
2.2%
27.5%
5.4%
67.1%




92.1%
7.9%

60.6%
12.1%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1995
90.2%
2.2%
7.7%
27.4%
1.9%
70.7%




98.3%
1.7%

75.3%
12.3%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1996
95.9%
2.5%
1.6%
24.0%
2.1%
73.8%
0.0%



98.3%
1.5%
0.1%
78.4%
14.6%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1997
95.8%
2.8%
1.5%
21.5%
1.1%
77.3%
0.1%



98.7%
1.2%
0.1%
76.1%
11.6%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1998
95.6%
3.0%
1.3%
19.3%
0.7%
79.9%
0.1%



99.7%

0.3%
80.5%
22.0%

Sedan/Wagon
4
1999
96.0%
3.1%
0.9%
17.6%
1.1%
81.2%
0.1%



99.6%
0.2%
0.2%
80.3%
18.7%

Sedan/Wagon
4
2000
95.2%
3.0%
1.9%
17.0%
2.2%
80.7%
0.0%



99.5%

0.5%
79.2%
24.7%

Sedan/Wagon
4
2001
95.9%
3.1%
1.0%
17.2%
1.6%
80.8%
0.4%



99.5%

0.5%
82.1%
31.7%
0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2002
95.2%
3.7%
1.2%
16.9%
0.4%
82.0%
0.7%



99.2%

0.8%
83.2%
42.8%
0.6%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2003
95.4%
3.5%
1.2%
15.8%

82.6%
1.6%



99.3%

0.7%
92.4%
52.1%
1.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2004
95.3%
3.6%
1.1%
14.4%
0.4%
82.5%
2.7%



99.4%

0.6%
96.0%
55.1%
1.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2005
94.4%
4.3%
1.4%
13.0%
0.2%
83.0%
3.8%



99.3%

0.7%
94.4%
66.6%
3.4%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2006
94.5%
4.4%
1.2%
13.5%
0.0%
82.8%
3.6%



98.9%

1.1%
95.5%
73.0%
2.9%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2007
95.5%
3.3%
1.2%
10.8%

73.5%
15.7%


0.5%
99.5%


97.2%
70.0%
5.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2008
94.3%
4.6%
1.1%
10.1%

72.0%
18.0%


3.2%
96.8%


99.0%
68.1%
5.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2009
95.4%
4.2%
0.3%
7.6%

78.5%
13.9%


2.9%
96.1%

1.0%
99.5%
82.1%
4.2%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2010
96.8%
2.8%
0.4%
5.6%
2.4%
72.8%
19.2%


3.1%
95.5%

1.4%
98.8%
94.1%
8.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2011
95.2%
4.5%
0.4%
5.7%
0.4%
76.6%
17.3%


14.7%
83.8%

1.5%
99.1%
95.3%
6.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2012
94.8%
3.6%
1.7%
5.8%
2.3%
72.7%
19.2%


22.9%
75.5%

1.5%
99.2%
97.6%
7.7%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2013
91.7%
4.8%
3.5%
5.9%
2.5%
67.3%
24.3%


35.6%
62.7%

1.7%
99.3%
97.8%
9.0%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2014
91.6%
5.2%
3.2%
4.5%
3.0%
57.4%
35.1%


40.0%
58.1%

1.9%
99.1%
97.4%
7.3%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2015
89.5%
7.0%
3.5%
4.3%
2.2%
55.1%
38.3%


42.3%
56.5%

1.2%
99.3%
98.2%
6.5%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2016
88.2%
7.5%
4.2%
3.8%
4.7%
56.6%
34.9%


51.6%
48.4%

0.1%
100.0%
99.9%
4.8%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2017
85.3%
10.2%
4.5%
4.2%
4.3%
51.4%
40.2%


53.5%
46.4%

0.1%
99.9%
99.9%
7.1%
Sedan/Wagon
4
2018
83.9%
10.0%
6.0%
4.8%
4.1%
51.8%
39.3%


53.9%
45.8%

0.3%
99.9%
99.8%
9.3%
Sedan/Wagon
5
1975


100.0%

100.0%







100.0%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1976


100.0%

100.0%







100.0%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1977


100.0%

100.0%







100.0%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1978
58.9%

41.1%
8.1%
91.9%





58.9%

41.1%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1979
40.4%

59.6%
8.9%
91.1%





38.0%

62.0%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1980
56.6%

43.4%
18.5%
81.5%





41.9%

58.1%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1981
51.0%

49.0%
21.5%
78.5%





40.8%

59.2%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1982
37.1%

62.9%
11.0%
89.0%





35.3%

64.7%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1983
32.2%
0.8%
67.0%
11.7%
88.3%





29.0%

71.0%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1984
65.8%
2.6%
31.6%
18.2%
81.8%





68.4%

31.6%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1985
63.1%
4.1%
32.7%
15.6%
84.4%





67.3%

32.7%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1986
84.9%
12.6%
2.5%
28.4%
71.6%





97.5%

2.5%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1987
70.4%
24.0%
5.6%
36.5%
63.5%





94.4%

5.6%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1988
60.5%
36.0%
3.5%
56.1%
43.9%





96.5%

3.5%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1989
86.8%
10.9%
2.3%
29.2%
70.8%





97.7%

2.3%



Sedan/Wagon
5
1990
74.5%
19.0%
6.5%
30.8%
69.2%





93.5%

6.5%
13.1%


Sedan/Wagon
5
1991
69.0%
16.4%
14.6%
24.5%
20.3%
55.2%




85.4%

14.6%
13.8%


Sedan/Wagon
5
1992
88.6%
1.1%
10.3%
17.1%
10.3%
72.5%




89.7%

10.3%
86.6%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-6	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
5
1993
41
0.005
27.1
19.5
26.7
22.5
454.6
331.6
394.5
3509

108.2
149
169
9.0
1.133
0.0481
39.6
2446
4290
Sedan/Wagon
5
1994
54
0.006
26.1
18.7
25.8
21.7
476.0
344.0
409.5
3504

114.7
147
184
8.6
1.252
0.0524
38.0
2491
4364
Sedan/Wagon
5
1995
60
0.006
26.5
18.7
26.5
22.0
475.5
334.8
404.3
3512

118.6
147
185
CO
CO
1.271
0.0528
38.6
2610
4580
Sedan/Wagon
5
1996
84
0.011
26.3
18.5
25.9
21.7
479.5
342.5
409.4
3500

115.6
148
180
9.2
1.221
0.0515
38.0
2514
4399
Sedan/Wagon
5
1997
51
0.006
26.2
18.3
25.8
21.6
485.4
342.9
411.4
3500

117.1
148
181
9.1
1.224
0.0518
37.8
2533
4433
Sedan/Wagon
5
1998
97
0.012
25.7
17.9
25.0
21.1
496.2
353.9
421.9
3609

120.1
148
185
9.3
1.251
0.0514
38.0
2530
4572
Sedan/Wagon
5
1999
64
0.008
26.2
18.2
25.3
21.4
487.1
350.1
414.8
3663

121.2
149
180
9.6
1.213
0.0492
39.2
2599
4752
Sedan/Wagon
5
2000
60
0.007
26.0
17.9
25.1
21.2
496.0
352.9
419.6
3667

121.3
148
182
8.9
1.233
0.0497
38.8
2572
4711
Sedan/Wagon
5
2001
82
0.010
25.9
18.0
24.2
20.9
491.0
361.7
424.4
3745

121.3
148
195
8.4
1.322
0.0522
39.4
2546
4765
Sedan/Wagon
5
2002
77
0.009
27.0
18.4
25.5
21.8
481.2
347.4
408.3
3769

118.8
148
191
8.7
1.287
0.0507
41.0
2584
4881
Sedan/Wagon
5
2003
36
0.005
26.8
18.1
25.6
21.6
488.7
345.0
411.0
3778

118.7
150
191
8.6
1.270
0.0506
40.9
2572
4866
Sedan/Wagon
5
2004
110
0.015
26.8
18.0
25.4
21.6
491.6
346.9
412.3
3804

119.2
152
199
8.6
1.312
0.0524
41.1
2571
4896
Sedan/Wagon
5
2005
134
0.017
27.6
18.3
26.1
22.1
483.1
338.4
402.4
3656

113.9
152
183
CO
CO
1.202
0.0498
40.4
2513
4602
Sedan/Wagon
5
2006
190
0.024
28.5
18.8
27.2
22.8
471.3
326.3
389.6
3562

107.4
152
171
9.0
1.130
0.0480
40.6
2445
4366
Sedan/Wagon
5
2007
201
0.025
28.6
18.9
27.2
22.9
469.9
325.4
388.6
3541

107.1
151
166
9.2
1.096
0.0468
40.5
2447
4336
Sedan/Wagon
5
2008
175
0.024
29.5
19.5
28.0
23.6
456.6
317.0
377.2
3473
42.7
104.5
151
174
CO
CO
1.148
0.0500
40.9
2463
4275
Sedan/Wagon
5
2009
120
0.021
29.5
19.6
27.8
23.5
453.8
319.9
377.7
3463
42.6
104.1
151
173
8.6
1.140
0.0498
40.7
2449
4239
Sedan/Wagon
5
2010
103
0.017
30.8
20.5
28.5
24.4
433.0
311.5
364.0
3430
42.3
105.5
151
169
CO
CO
1.123
0.0494
41.9
2577
4424
Sedan/Wagon
5
2011
113
0.020
32.3
23.0
30.9
26.9
385.4
287.2
330.1
3531
43.6
108.4
151
179
8.6
1.182
0.0506
47.6
2927
5156
Sedan/Wagon
5
2012
233
0.032
31.8
22.1
30.5
26.2
400.6
291.4
339.1
3575
45.1
110.2
152
180
8.6
1.183
0.0501
46.9
2895
5161
Sedan/Wagon
5
2013
239
0.029
31.9
22.2
30.2
26.1
400.2
293.4
340.0
3559
45.1
110.1
152
180
8.6
1.186
0.0504
46.5
2887
5128
Sedan/Wagon
5
2014
43
0.006
31.6
21.7
29.7
25.6
408.4
298.9
346.5
3640
45.3
108.0
152
192
8.4
1.264
0.0525
46.7
2777
5045
Sedan/Wagon
5
2015
9
0.001
30.4
20.2
27.9
24.0
440.7
318.1
370.8
4000
46.9
108.7
154
250
7.3
1.625
0.0625
47.9
2605
5211
Sedan/Wagon
5
2016
5
0.001
30.7
20.4
28.0
24.1
436.0
317.4
368.4
4000
47.5
107.7
154
250
7.3
1.625
0.0625
48.2
2598
5196
Sedan/Wagon
5
2017
0
0.000
28.4
18.9
28.4
23.4
469.0
312.6
379.8
4000
43.5
96.5
151
394
5.4
2.603
0.0985
46.8
2258
4516
Sedan/Wagon
5
2018
-
0.000
28.4
19.0
28.5
23.4
468.5
311.9
379.3
3907
43.1
94.7
151
394
5.3
2.603
0.1011
45.8
2220
4344
Sedan/Wagon
6
1975
1533
0.186
18.4
14.6
17.2
15.7
605.2
508.5
567.6
3625


225
105

0.485
0.0295
28.5


Sedan/Wagon
6
1976
1935
0.199
19.3
15.4
17.9
16.4
574.6
490.4
540.4
3716


231
100

0.445
0.0273
30.6


Sedan/Wagon
6
1977
1851
0.164
19.6
15.6
18.2
16.7
566.4
484.4
533.1
3753

106.6
229
105

0.471
0.0284
31.4
1782
3364
Sedan/Wagon
6
1978
2325
0.208
20.2
15.9
19.2
17.2
556.7
461.1
516.1
3482

108.6
221
107
14.8
0.495
0.0311
30.0
1878
3273
Sedan/Wagon
6
1979
2187
0.203
20.4
16.1
19.2
17.4
548.5
461.4
512.0
3421

108.8
218
109
15.1
0.508
0.0320
29.7
1893
3245
Sedan/Wagon
6
1980
2644
0.280
21.6
16.9
20.6
18.4
523.9
427.1
483.2
3332

111.0
213
110
15.0
0.530
0.0334
30.7
2050
3411
Sedan/Wagon
6
1981
2394
0.274
22.6
17.6
21.7
19.2
503.1
406.4
462.2
3382

111.6
215
110
15.2
0.522
0.0328
32.6
2153
3650
Sedan/Wagon
6
1982
2080
0.266
23.0
17.7
22.5
19.6
498.9
391.4
454.4
3404

112.9
214
114
15.8
0.548
0.0338
33.5
2230
3802
Sedan/Wagon
6
1983
1858
0.232
23.8
18.3
23.5
20.3
485.4
376.5
438.5
3373

111.0
211
116
14.3
0.565
0.0346
34.3
2265
3824
Sedan/Wagon
6
1984
2455
0.230
24.1
18.5
23.8
20.5
480.9
371.6
433.3
3364

111.3
205
117
14.1
0.586
0.0350
34.6
2291
3854
Sedan/Wagon
6
1985
2498
0.232
24.1
18.2
24.3
20.6
485.9
363.8
432.5
3387

111.8
206
124
13.3
0.617
0.0368
34.8
2304
3902
Sedan/Wagon
6
1986
2694
0.245
24.9
18.7
25.5
21.2
475.6
346.3
418.4
3377

112.0
200
134
12.0
0.683
0.0398
35.9
2392
4046
Sedan/Wagon
6
1987
2489
0.232
25.1
18.5
26.1
21.4
480.4
338.7
416.5
3414

112.9
198
143
11.7
0.733
0.0419
36.5
2423
4139
Sedan/Wagon
6
1988
2985
0.278
25.9
18.9
26.8
21.9
468.4
328.8
405.1
3397

113.6
193
142
11.8
0.744
0.0418
37.4
2505
4258
Sedan/Wagon
6
1989
3157
0.315
25.7
18.6
26.6
21.7
475.4
332.5
409.2
3424

114.8
194
146
11.3
0.762
0.0429
37.2
2502
4282
Sedan/Wagon
6
1990
2989
0.339
25.4
18.3
26.4
21.5
483.9
335.0
413.9
3504

114.0
197
150
10.5
0.773
0.0431
37.7
2458
4306
Sedan/Wagon
6
1991
2635
0.309
25.3
18.2
26.0
21.3
487.5
339.5
416.9
3490

113.6
197
156
10.4
0.796
0.0448
37.2
2430
4241
Sedan/Wagon
6
1992
3067
0.378
25.4
18.0
26.2
21.3
491.5
337.7
417.2
3500

114.3
199
158
10.1
0.810
0.0454
37.3
2442
4275
Sedan/Wagon
6
1993
3255
0.385
25.8
18.3
26.2
21.5
484.8
337.0
412.5
3488

113.9
199
158
9.4
0.805
0.0454
37.6
2462
4295
Sedan/Wagon
6
1994
3127
0.372
25.6
18.0
26.0
21.3
491.6
340.2
416.3
3534

113.2
198
159
9.3
0.812
0.0451
37.7
2419
4275
Sedan/Wagon
6
1995
3667
0.390
26.0
18.2
26.6
21.7
488.4
332.7
410.0
3532

113.1
195
172
9.1
0.888
0.0487
38.3
2457
4337
Sedan/Wagon
6
1996
3020
0.383
26.1
18.1
26.5
21.6
490.2
334.4
410.7
3552

113.6
194
172
9.5
0.894
0.0485
38.4
2461
4373
Sedan/Wagon
6
1997
3006
0.361
25.9
17.8
26.3
21.4
497.3
337.3
414.7
3574

114.5
197
179
9.3
0.918
0.0502
38.3
2458
4396
Sedan/Wagon
6
1998
3090
0.388
26.2
17.9
26.5
21.6
495.4
335.0
411.3
3542

113.3
194
180
9.5
0.934
0.0507
38.3
2451
4345
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-7	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
5
1993
93.3%
1.8%
4.9%
15.7%
4.9%
79.4%




100.0%


95.1%
67.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1994
99.1%
0.9%

9.8%

90.2%




100.0%


100.0%
54.9%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1995
97.6%
2.4%

8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


100.0%
66.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1996
100.0%


4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%
53.2%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1997
100.0%


3.2%

96.8%




100.0%


100.0%
46.9%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1998
78.6%
21.4%

3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


100.0%
50.9%

Sedan/Wagon
5
1999
72.6%
27.4%

2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
51.9%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2000
74.9%
25.1%

1.9%

98.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2001
67.1%
32.9%

2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2002
73.2%
26.8%

1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2003
64.5%
25.1%
10.3%
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2004
62.4%
37.6%

3.8%

96.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2005
76.3%
23.7%

11.2%

88.8%




100.0%


100.0%
67.3%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2006
86.1%
13.9%

11.3%

88.7%




100.0%


100.0%
39.2%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2007
89.0%
11.0%

12.7%

87.3%




100.0%


100.0%
22.8%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2008
98.0%
2.0%

14.2%

85.8%




100.0%


100.0%
16.1%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2009
98.0%
2.0%

13.7%

86.3%




100.0%


100.0%
21.8%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2010
99.2%
0.8%

8.9%

91.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2011
100.0%


9.0%

91.0%




100.0%


100.0%
93.3%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2012
99.8%
0.2%

6.9%

93.1%



0.2%
99.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2013
96.1%
3.9%

4.1%

95.9%



0.2%
99.8%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2014
92.9%
7.1%

2.8%

97.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2015

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2016

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2017

100.0%



100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
5
2018

100.0%



100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1975


100.0%
19.3%
80.7%
0.1%


91.7%

8.3%





Sedan/Wagon
6
1976


100.0%
15.2%
84.8%



95.3%

4.7%





Sedan/Wagon
6
1977


100.0%
11.9%
88.1%



93.3%

6.7%





Sedan/Wagon
6
1978


100.0%
9.1%
82.7%
8.3%


94.7%

5.3%





Sedan/Wagon
6
1979
0.5%

99.5%
9.1%
82.7%
8.2%


93.1%

6.9%





Sedan/Wagon
6
1980
22.0%
1.5%
76.5%
8.2%
66.1%
25.7%


95.5%

4.3%

0.2%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1981
14.2%
0.8%
85.0%
5.4%
35.8%
58.8%


92.9%

6.8%

0.3%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1982
19.5%
1.1%
79.4%
5.3%
5.4%
89.3%


79.6%

9.8%
8.0%
2.6%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1983
22.4%
1.7%
75.9%
6.6%
3.3%
90.1%


85.7%

12.3%

2.0%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1984
31.5%
0.9%
67.6%
6.1%
1.9%
91.9%


68.8%

21.0%
8.8%
1.4%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1985
48.6%
0.0%
51.4%
6.3%
1.0%
92.7%


36.7%

41.1%
21.6%
0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
6
1986
63.4%
0.3%
36.3%
6.9%
2.1%
91.1%


19.6%

64.7%
15.4%
0.3%
1.1%


Sedan/Wagon
6
1987
73.0%
0.2%
26.8%
7.9%
2.9%
89.2%


2.5%

88.8%
7.9%
0.8%
4.1%


Sedan/Wagon
6
1988
83.8%
0.2%
16.0%
5.8%
1.7%
92.5%


0.1%

97.6%
2.3%

6.3%


Sedan/Wagon
6
1989
84.1%
0.3%
15.6%
5.0%
2.0%
93.0%




99.8%
0.2%

6.8%


Sedan/Wagon
6
1990
86.3%
0.1%
13.6%
3.9%
1.8%
94.3%




99.8%
0.1%
0.0%
8.5%


Sedan/Wagon
6
1991
87.8%
0.4%
11.8%
4.3%
2.0%
93.7%




99.9%

0.1%
10.0%
0.6%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1992
88.6%
1.3%
10.1%
4.2%
2.7%
93.1%




99.9%
0.1%
0.0%
14.2%
3.1%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1993
88.2%
0.3%
11.4%
4.3%
1.9%
93.8%




100.0%
0.0%

18.1%
2.6%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1994
86.4%
0.2%
13.4%
4.3%
1.5%
94.2%




100.0%

0.0%
20.7%
2.2%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1995
87.4%
0.2%
12.4%
4.4%
1.7%
93.9%




99.8%

0.2%
29.8%
6.7%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1996
88.9%
0.7%
10.5%
4.4%
1.3%
94.3%




99.9%

0.1%
34.1%
8.3%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1997
87.8%
0.6%
11.6%
3.5%
0.1%
96.5%




99.9%

0.1%
35.7%
9.8%

Sedan/Wagon
6
1998
87.8%
1.1%
11.2%
4.0%
0.1%
96.0%




99.9%

0.1%
36.9%
13.3%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-8	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
6
1999
3589
0.428
26.2
17.8
26.2
21.5
497.8
338.4
413.3
3577

113.2
192
187
9.3
0.980
0.0521
38.5
2439
4367
Sedan/Wagon
6
2000
3910
0.428
26.3
17.8
26.2
21.5
497.2
338.3
412.4
3585

113.9
191
189
CO
CO
1.001
0.0528
38.6
2460
4413
Sedan/Wagon
6
2001
3464
0.412
26.3
17.8
26.0
21.5
497.6
340.9
413.8
3587

112.9
191
194
8.5
1.025
0.0540
38.6
2434
4366
Sedan/Wagon
6
2002
3273
0.394
26.6
17.9
25.9
21.6
494.4
341.5
411.2
3606

114.0
195
200
8.5
1.036
0.0555
39.0
2472
4456
Sedan/Wagon
6
2003
3118
0.394
26.8
17.9
26.2
21.7
495.4
338.4
409.1
3602

112.3
194
201
8.4
1.040
0.0558
39.2
2449
4411
Sedan/Wagon
6
2004
3087
0.410
26.6
17.6
25.8
21.5
501.6
341.8
413.6
3692

113.5
199
209
8.3
1.061
0.0567
39.7
2448
4525
Sedan/Wagon
6
2005
2927
0.365
26.7
17.6
25.8
21.5
501.6
342.3
413.4
3777

115.9
202
214
8.2
1.066
0.0566
40.7
2503
4736
Sedan/Wagon
6
2006
3068
0.384
26.8
17.7
25.7
21.5
501.2
343.2
413.2
3837

115.5
203
225
8.0
1.119
0.0588
41.4
2494
4798
Sedan/Wagon
6
2007
2669
0.330
26.8
17.7
25.9
21.6
499.9
341.2
411.6
3885

114.1
206
233
7.9
1.140
0.0601
42.1
2474
4817
Sedan/Wagon
6
2008
2402
0.328
27.0
17.7
26.2
21.7
500.1
337.5
409.3
3943
47.4
113.5
206
242
7.8
1.184
0.0615
43.0
2475
4889
Sedan/Wagon
6
2009
1332
0.236
27.2
17.9
26.4
21.9
494.5
335.4
405.6
3972
47.4
112.4
208
252
7.4
1.214
0.0634
43.7
2475
4922
Sedan/Wagon
6
2010
1406
0.232
27.3
17.9
26.3
21.9
494.2
336.0
405.5
3979
48.0
112.5
208
257
7.4
1.246
0.0648
43.7
2475
4929
Sedan/Wagon
6
2011
1510
0.263
28.0
18.4
26.8
22.4
482.3
330.0
397.0
4013
47.7
111.4
207
266
7.2
1.288
0.0663
45.1
2506
5034
Sedan/Wagon
6
2012
1338
0.181
28.4
18.6
27.5
22.8
477.2
321.7
390.0
3994
48.1
112.6
211
284
6.8
1.350
0.0712
45.6
2575
5142
Sedan/Wagon
6
2013
1395
0.170
29.0
18.9
28.1
23.2
468.4
315.2
382.8
4024
48.5
112.4
213
295
6.6
1.385
0.0734
46.9
2623
5279
Sedan/Wagon
6
2014
1397
0.183
29.3
19.1
28.2
23.4
464.5
313.5
380.3
4059
48.7
112.0
212
296
6.6
1.398
0.0731
47.7
2631
5345
Sedan/Wagon
6
2015
1196
0.151
29.5
19.1
28.4
23.5
461.7
311.2
378.0
4058
49.0
113.8
211
296
6.5
1.408
0.0732
47.9
2691
5460
Sedan/Wagon
6
2016
1012
0.142
29.9
19.4
28.5
23.7
455.4
310.0
374.8
4049
49.1
114.5
212
300
6.5
1.425
0.0743
48.2


Sedan/Wagon
6
2017
889
0.127
29.9
19.5
28.7
23.9
452.8
306.9
372.4
4033
49.1
115.0
210
304
6.4
1.461
0.0757
48.3


Sedan/Wagon
6
2018
-
0.132
29.9
19.5
28.2
23.7
452.4
313.8
375.6
4098
49.6
115.1
207
313
6.2
1.534
0.0767
48.6


Sedan/Wagon
8
1975
4840
0.588
13.4
10.5
12.9
11.5
833.4
678.6
776.1
4732


376
167

0.446
0.0354
27.3


Sedan/Wagon
8
1976
5729
0.589
15.1
11.9
14.4
12.9
740.5
611.3
689.8
4689


368
165

0.448
0.0352
30.3


Sedan/Wagon
8
1977
7132
0.631
16.2
12.7
15.3
13.8
690.1
574.0
646.0
4450

119.0
348
158

0.455
0.0356
30.8
1651
3665
Sedan/Wagon
8
1978
5882
0.526
17.2
13.4
16.7
14.7
652.5
525.5
605.3
4166

119.2
336
154
12.8
0.460
0.0371
30.8
1777
3680
Sedan/Wagon
8
1979
5354
0.496
17.6
13.8
16.7
15.0
636.5
529.6
595.2
4060

120.6
324
149
13.2
0.460
0.0368
30.6
1826
3698
Sedan/Wagon
8
1980
2169
0.230
19.1
14.7
18.7
16.3
604.4
475.1
551.2
3920

120.6
309
135
14.2
0.439
0.0346
32.4
1999
3939
Sedan/Wagon
8
1981
1778
0.204
20.2
15.4
20.3
17.3
581.8
442.5
523.9
3973

123.0
307
133
14.3
0.440
0.0337
34.9
2168
4331
Sedan/Wagon
8
1982
1377
0.176
20.3
15.3
20.7
17.3
584.3
432.7
519.2
3940

123.4
305
139
14.7
0.457
0.0355
34.6
2169
4320
Sedan/Wagon
8
1983
1859
0.232
20.1
15.1
20.6
17.2
588.2
430.1
518.7
3946

125.0
298
143
13.0
0.482
0.0364
34.0
2154
4274
Sedan/Wagon
8
1984
2316
0.217
20.3
15.3
20.9
17.4
581.4
424.7
511.9
3914

122.3
300
144
12.8
0.483
0.0371
34.1
2130
4202
Sedan/Wagon
8
1985
2229
0.207
21.7
16.3
22.4
18.6
545.6
394.5
479.0
3895

122.8
296
151
12.3
0.509
0.0389
36.2
2284
4471
Sedan/Wagon
8
1986
1651
0.150
22.5
16.7
23.4
19.2
531.9
377.1
462.9
3813

120.2
299
153
11.5
0.511
0.0403
36.6
2315
4440
Sedan/Wagon
8
1987
1387
0.129
22.2
16.4
22.9
18.9
541.2
385.2
470.8
3846

120.2
299
156
11.6
0.520
0.0407
36.3
2278
4406
Sedan/Wagon
8
1988
1247
0.116
22.6
16.5
23.4
19.2
536.4
377.8
463.4
3854

121.5
301
164
11.4
0.544
0.0430
37.0
2338
4540
Sedan/Wagon
8
1989
1071
0.107
22.7
16.5
23.6
19.2
539.0
374.6
462.4
3831

121.5
300
160
11.0
0.535
0.0423
36.9
2343
4523
Sedan/Wagon
8
1990
812
0.092
22.3
16.1
23.3
18.9
550.7
380.7
470.4
3947

121.4
294
173
10.0
0.597
0.0441
37.3
2300
4568
Sedan/Wagon
8
1991
905
0.106
22.8
16.3
23.7
19.2
545.2
373.2
463.0
3947

122.0
298
198
9.2
0.669
0.0504
37.9
2351
4673
Sedan/Wagon
8
1992
951
0.117
22.9
16.3
23.8
19.3
542.4
372.4
460.6
4006

124.1
295
208
CO
CO
0.714
0.0523
38.7
2407
4848
Sedan/Wagon
8
1993
791
0.094
22.8
16.0
23.8
19.1
552.5
372.4
464.3
4010

123.8
296
215
8.2
0.736
0.0542
38.5
2382
4806
Sedan/Wagon
8
1994
933
0.111
22.9
16.1
23.7
19.2
552.1
374.6
463.5
3989

121.2
292
225
7.9
0.776
0.0566
38.3
2331
4679
Sedan/Wagon
8
1995
1014
0.108
22.9
15.9
23.8
19.1
558.1
373.2
464.5
4005

120.3
289
230
7.9
0.803
0.0575
38.3
2307
4643
Sedan/Wagon
8
1996
775
0.098
23.3
16.1
24.1
19.4
552.9
368.4
458.3
4018

122.9
289
241
8.0
0.841
0.0602
39.0
2385
4817
Sedan/Wagon
8
1997
780
0.094
23.2
16.0
23.7
19.3
555.5
373.8
461.2
4001

122.2
279
248
7.9
0.891
0.0620
38.6
2357
4720
Sedan/Wagon
8
1998
672
0.084
23.1
15.9
23.3
19.1
557.8
380.2
464.8
3971

117.5
281
256
7.9
0.918
0.0648
38.0
2251
4487
Sedan/Wagon
8
1999
666
0.079
23.2
15.8
23.5
19.2
560.7
377.4
463.6
3968

119.0
283
251
8.0
0.890
0.0635
38.1
2285
4551
Sedan/Wagon
8
2000
743
0.081
23.3
15.8
23.4
19.2
559.9
378.1
462.9
3986

117.5
281
277
7.1
0.989
0.0697
38.3
2264
4532
Sedan/Wagon
8
2001
673
0.080
23.4
15.8
23.5
19.2
561.9
376.7
462.1
3994

116.5
279
261
7.3
0.939
0.0657
38.4
2246
4507
Sedan/Wagon
8
2002
617
0.074
23.5
15.8
23.1
19.2
560.5
382.4
463.6
4002

109.8
281
270
7.2
0.965
0.0680
38.4
2112
4254
Sedan/Wagon
8
2003
625
0.079
23.3
15.6
23.0
19.0
568.9
384.7
467.4
4163

112.7
281
276
7.3
0.987
0.0672
39.6
2153
4535
Sedan/Wagon
8
2004
555
0.074
23.2
15.3
23.0
18.9
577.4
384.5
470.3
4181

113.3
282
277
7.3
0.984
0.0671
39.6
2151
4553
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-9	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
6
1999
87.9%
1.1%
11.0%
4.0%
0.2%
95.8%




99.9%

0.1%
50.1%
16.2%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2000
85.7%
1.0%
13.3%
5.0%
0.1%
94.9%




100.0%


51.9%
22.8%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2001
82.1%
3.1%
14.8%
4.9%
0.2%
94.9%




100.0%


51.3%
25.0%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2002
83.3%
4.0%
12.6%
3.8%
0.2%
96.0%
0.1%



100.0%


53.5%
23.6%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2003
77.7%
3.7%
18.6%
5.3%

94.5%
0.2%



100.0%


52.8%
31.8%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2004
76.9%
6.6%
16.5%
4.5%
0.1%
95.3%
0.1%



100.0%


58.9%
33.6%

Sedan/Wagon
6
2005
72.4%
7.1%
20.6%
3.1%
0.0%
95.4%
1.4%



99.8%

0.2%
58.5%
33.0%
0.7%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2006
63.8%
7.2%
28.9%
3.7%
0.1%
94.6%
1.6%



99.8%

0.2%
67.2%
52.5%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2007
66.7%
9.4%
23.9%
3.1%

93.1%
3.9%



99.9%

0.1%
67.0%
66.5%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2008
60.4%
12.6%
26.9%
2.8%

93.9%
3.3%


3.0%
96.8%

0.2%
73.0%
64.3%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2009
57.8%
14.2%
28.0%
2.2%
0.3%
92.5%
5.0%


9.3%
90.5%

0.2%
76.2%
83.1%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2010
50.0%
14.9%
35.1%
2.4%
0.3%
91.7%
5.7%


17.1%
82.8%

0.1%
84.1%
84.9%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2011
48.1%
18.0%
33.9%
2.6%
0.5%
91.9%
4.9%


20.8%
78.5%

0.7%
86.5%
97.4%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2012
51.2%
16.4%
32.3%
2.4%
0.9%
90.5%
6.2%


38.6%
61.2%

0.2%
100.0%
99.8%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2013
49.1%
18.3%
32.6%
2.3%
1.1%
91.0%
5.6%


42.1%
57.8%

0.1%
100.0%
99.9%
0.3%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2014
43.3%
19.1%
37.6%
2.3%
1.6%
90.2%
5.9%


46.5%
52.8%

0.8%
100.0%
98.3%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2015
37.7%
24.8%
37.5%
1.9%
2.2%
88.5%
7.4%


44.5%
55.2%

0.3%
100.0%
98.5%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2016
43.8%
24.2%
32.0%
1.9%
2.1%
81.5%
14.5%


41.6%
58.1%

0.3%
100.0%
99.7%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2017
48.0%
26.1%
25.9%
1.5%
2.0%
75.0%
21.4%


42.1%
57.9%


100.0%
99.3%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
6
2018
36.6%
36.0%
27.4%
1.7%
2.2%
78.5%
17.6%


50.7%
49.2%

0.1%
100.0%
99.9%
0.4%
Sedan/Wagon
8
1975
1.7%

98.3%
1.6%
98.4%



99.3%

0.7%





Sedan/Wagon
8
1976
2.0%

98.0%
1.2%
98.8%



98.6%

1.4%





Sedan/Wagon
8
1977
1.8%

98.2%
1.0%
99.0%



98.9%

1.1%





Sedan/Wagon
8
1978
2.1%

97.9%
1.2%
89.3%
9.5%


97.5%

1.9%

0.6%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1979
3.7%

96.3%
1.4%
85.7%
12.9%


95.3%

2.2%

2.6%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1980
7.6%

92.4%
0.8%
58.7%
40.5%


85.8%

1.4%
3.0%
9.8%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1981
8.8%

91.2%
1.1%
18.6%
80.4%


69.5%

0.8%
13.0%
16.8%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1982
5.5%

94.5%
3.9%
5.3%
90.8%


77.9%

1.3%
9.1%
11.7%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1983
9.6%

90.4%
3.5%
1.0%
95.5%


62.4%

1.0%
34.4%
2.2%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1984
9.3%

90.7%
3.2%
1.0%
95.8%


61.7%

5.2%
32.5%
0.7%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1985
18.2%

81.8%
2.5%
1.6%
96.0%


52.5%

5.1%
42.4%
0.1%



Sedan/Wagon
8
1986
12.2%

87.8%
4.3%
2.5%
93.2%


51.6%

36.2%
12.2%

0.2%


Sedan/Wagon
8
1987
14.2%

85.8%
4.4%
3.2%
92.4%


44.1%

42.0%
13.9%

0.2%


Sedan/Wagon
8
1988
16.4%

83.6%
6.2%
2.4%
91.5%


23.8%

56.4%
19.8%

0.2%


Sedan/Wagon
8
1989
21.2%

78.8%
7.2%
2.5%
90.3%


9.1%

54.0%
36.9%

0.2%


Sedan/Wagon
8
1990
28.4%

71.6%
6.7%
1.9%
91.4%


4.0%

85.9%
10.1%

7.8%
6.6%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1991
20.5%
0.1%
79.5%
5.1%
2.2%
92.7%




70.9%
29.1%

7.4%
6.4%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1992
21.9%
0.0%
78.1%
3.7%
2.0%
94.3%




78.6%
21.4%

CO
8.9%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1993
23.2%
0.0%
76.8%
5.3%
1.9%
92.8%




84.7%
15.3%

16.6%
7.3%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1994
19.3%
0.0%
80.7%
6.1%
1.6%
92.3%




100.0%


21.9%
7.2%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1995
24.1%

75.9%
6.5%
2.1%
91.4%




100.0%


26.5%
6.8%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1996
27.9%

72.1%
6.7%

93.3%




100.0%


36.2%
5.4%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1997
28.3%
0.3%
71.5%
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


44.7%
12.8%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1998
32.5%
0.3%
67.2%
7.2%
0.0%
92.8%




100.0%


52.6%
15.5%

Sedan/Wagon
8
1999
31.4%
0.3%
68.2%
7.8%
0.1%
92.1%




100.0%


44.8%
8.5%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2000
22.0%
0.8%
77.2%
8.2%

91.8%




100.0%


48.7%
11.3%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2001
24.1%
1.4%
74.6%
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


53.5%
15.4%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2002
23.7%
1.0%
75.3%
11.0%

89.0%




100.0%


60.2%
17.3%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2003
16.2%
1.5%
82.3%
10.2%

89.8%




100.0%


53.9%
14.4%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2004
15.0%
4.8%
80.1%
10.2%

89.8%




100.0%


53.2%
21.1%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-10	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
8
2005
574
0.072
23.2
15.4
22.7
18.8
576.4
389.7
471.6
4226

112.7
294
297
6.9
1.011
0.0713
39.9
2132
4558
Sedan/Wagon
8
2006
673
0.084
22.8
15.1
22.5
18.6
587.4
392.2
478.4
4214

115.1
304
312
6.7
1.025
0.0747
39.2
2146
4559
Sedan/Wagon
8
2007
514
0.064
22.7
14.9
22.5
18.5
591.9
392.4
480.6
4232

111.3
305
324
6.6
1.063
0.0775
39.2
2064
4413
Sedan/Wagon
8
2008
466
0.064
22.4
14.8
22.2
18.3
598.0
397.9
486.4
4265
49.9
112.1
305
324
6.7
1.066
0.0770
39.1
2058
4429
Sedan/Wagon
8
2009
237
0.042
22.3
14.7
22.0
18.1
601.1
400.1
490.7
4288
49.8
109.7
312
348
6.2
1.118
0.0820
39.1
2005
4341
Sedan/Wagon
8
2010
283
0.047
23.3
15.3
23.2
19.0
578.7
380.0
468.2
4274
49.9
109.8
324
365
6.1
1.129
0.0864
40.7
2097
4513
Sedan/Wagon
8
2011
288
0.050
23.3
15.3
23.2
19.0
577.4
381.7
468.4
4343
50.6
111.3
316
374
6.1
1.189
0.0872
41.3
2123
4642
Sedan/Wagon
8
2012
214
0.029
23.4
15.3
23.3
19.0
577.3
379.0
467.6
4357
50.4
106.7
322
424
5.3
1.338
0.0980
41.6
2039
4486
Sedan/Wagon
8
2013
230
0.028
23.4
15.3
23.6
19.1
578.8
374.5
465.1
4365
50.3
104.2
322
437
5.3
1.390
0.1009
41.9
1999
4421
Sedan/Wagon
8
2014
253
0.033
24.0
15.6
24.3
19.6
566.2
363.5
453.4
4287
50.0
100.4
326
436
5.2
1.368
0.1029
42.1
1965
4298
Sedan/Wagon
8
2015
253
0.032
23.7
15.4
24.2
19.4
573.6
364.4
457.1
4337
50.6
101.3
327
450
5.0
1.402
0.1049
42.3
1975
4363
Sedan/Wagon
8
2016
239
0.034
23.8
15.4
24.5
19.5
573.5
360.0
454.7
4295
50.2
98.6
335
466
4.9
1.413
0.1097
42.1
1934
4233
Sedan/Wagon
8
2017
206
0.030
23.8
15.4
24.5
19.5
575.2
360.8
456.0
4264
49.9
95.7
334
455
4.9
1.388
0.1079
41.8
1877
4075
Sedan/Wagon
8
2018
-
0.027
23.6
15.4
24.2
19.4
574.4
365.6
458.3
4345
50.6
100.8
327
477
4.8
1.495
0.1105
42.4
1969
4339
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1975
2
0.000
11.5
CO
CO
11.4
9.8
1010.9
773.4
908.3
4500


326
285

0.874
0.0633
22.1


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1976
2
0.000
11.0
8.5
10.7
9.4
1047.1
830.4
949.6
4500


326
244

0.748
0.0542
21.1


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1977
2
0.000
11.2
8.7
10.9
9.6
1019.5
814.2
929.7
4445

91.6
326
244

0.748
0.0550
21.3
878
1948
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1978
1
0.000
11.4
9.0
10.7
9.7
989.0
827.7
919.6
4500

93.4
326
268
8.6
0.822
0.0595
21.8
906
2038
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1979
1
0.000
11.0
CO
CO
10.2
9.4
1010.4
869.0
949.1
4500

92.4
326
244
10.2
0.748
0.0542
21.1
866
1949
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1980
0
0.000
13.1
9.9
13.3
11.2
870.7
648.8
792.6
4224

89.5
326
267
9.3
0.818
0.0633
24.1
1027
2157
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1981




















Sedan/Wagon
Other
1982
1
0.000
16.5
12.4
17.0
14.1
715.5
522.6
628.7
4000

87.3
326
262
9.9
0.804
0.0655
28.3
1234
2468
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1983
2
0.000
16.5
12.4
17.2
14.1
718.2
517.7
628.5
3989

86.5
325
264
9.0
0.813
0.0663
28.2
1226
2448
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1984
3
0.000
16.6
12.4
17.1
14.2
715.1
518.3
626.7
3997

84.9
326
263
9.0
0.806
0.0657
28.3
1204
2408
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1985
4
0.000
16.5
12.4
16.9
14.1
715.0
526.7
631.1
4000

84.1
325
265
CO
CO
0.816
0.0663
28.2
1189
2377
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1986
5
0.000
16.2
12.1
16.7
13.9
726.1
531.8
641.3
3996

82.5
325
270
8.3
0.833
0.0676
27.9
1157
2313
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1987
3
0.000
16.7
12.5
16.7
14.2
694.8
529.1
627.0
3991

75.4
324
276
8.3
0.855
0.0692
28.7
1094
2186
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1988
9
0.001
16.1
11.9
16.4
13.7
737.5
540.1
649.4
4157

94.0
318
280
8.5
0.884
0.0674
28.6
1302
2731
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1989
11
0.001
16.4
12.0
16.8
13.9
730.2
525.7
638.8
4310

85.4
318
279
8.4
0.880
0.0650
30.3
1204
2599
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1990
9
0.001
16.8
12.2
17.2
14.2
724.0
514.3
625.4
4379

82.7
317
280
7.9
0.889
0.0642
31.2
1182
2589
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1991
7
0.001
16.6
12.0
17.3
14.1
739.6
511.8
631.2
4409

87.0
312
305
7.5
0.977
0.0695
31.1
1234
2727
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1992
5
0.001
16.3
11.8
16.7
13.7
752.2
528.8
646.3
4459

87.2
334
317
7.3
0.949
0.0715
30.7
1191
2691
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1993
4
0.000
16.8
11.9
17.5
14.2
743.8
501.1
627.5
4412

81.0
377
364
6.0
0.981
0.0848
31.1
1131
2593
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1994
7
0.001
17.2
12.1
17.7
14.4
729.2
492.1
616.1
4158

70.8
407
354
5.8
0.878
0.0876
30.0
1009
2150
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1995
6
0.001
16.7
11.7
17.3
14.0
751.9
506.6
633.9
4432

82.3
390
373
6.0
0.975
0.0853
31.3
1160
2630
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1996
4
0.001
18.3
12.6
19.3
15.4
701.8
458.8
578.1
4131

79.8
408
382
5.7
0.950
0.0952
31.8
1233
2669
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1997
4
0.001
17.1
11.5
18.8
14.5
761.7
468.6
614.9
4218

75.6
403
405
5.6
1.018
0.0992
30.8
1112
2459
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1998
4
0.000
17.5
11.9
18.6
14.7
736.8
472.6
604.9
4223

79.4
388
395
5.9
1.027
0.0963
31.4
1198
2626
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1999
3
0.000
16.1
10.9
17.2
13.5
806.8
508.2
656.3
4274

75.2
394
412
5.8
1.062
0.1002
29.4
1044
2364
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2000
4
0.000
16.4
10.9
17.8
13.8
807.4
490.7
645.1
4150

71.5
405
412
5.3
1.033
0.1032
28.9
1001
2188
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2001
6
0.001
17.5
11.6
18.8
14.7
744.2
462.0
605.3
4239

86.4
389
398
5.5
1.034
0.0968
32.1
1347
2983
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2002
4
0.000
17.6
11.5
19.0
14.7
758.7
460.8
604.3
4126

80.7
399
410
5.4
1.042
0.1021
31.0
1247
2683
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2003
5
0.001
17.0
11.2
18.2
14.2
786.3
482.2
625.3
4101

82.0
408
483
4.7
1.216
0.1206
29.7
1199
2594
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2004
8
0.001
16.3
10.6
17.3
13.6
826.3
507.9
654.6
4322

74.1
391
496
4.8
1.311
0.1194
29.8
1034
2398
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2005
10
0.001
16.3
10.7
17.1
13.6
827.9
517.5
655.3
4630

82.2
385
524
4.8
1.390
0.1164
31.6
1124
2717
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2006
16
0.002
16.5
10.7
17.3
13.7
823.6
512.3
648.9
4628

98.1
358
515
4.9
1.468
0.1142
31.7
1347
3182
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2007
17
0.002
16.7
10.9
17.3
13.9
806.0
511.7
641.5
4907

101.2
338
525
5.1
1.557
0.1084
34.1
1419
3511
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2008
14
0.002
16.8
11.0
17.5
13.9
800.4
505.1
637.6
4646
49.3
94.5
353
531
4.9
1.528
0.1174
32.5
1324
3129
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2009
5
0.001
17.3
11.4
17.8
14.3
776.2
494.6
620.7
4680
49.1
85.6
370
541
4.7
1.489
0.1193
33.5
1223
2957
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2010
5
0.001
17.4
11.4
17.9
14.4
0.0
0.0
617.7
4807
50.2
91.7
365
535
4.8
1.487
0.1149
34.8
1336
3305
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-11	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
8
2005
11.2%
5.7%
83.1%
10.5%
0.2%
89.3%




100.0%


52.7%
30.4%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2006
17.4%
4.8%
77.8%
8.9%
0.4%
90.8%




100.0%


50.2%
28.6%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2007
15.5%
5.7%
78.7%
13.4%
0.2%
86.4%




100.0%


59.3%
31.8%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2008
14.7%
6.0%
79.3%
13.4%
0.6%
86.0%



4.6%
95.4%


57.2%
33.7%
0.5%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2009
9.5%
7.7%
82.9%
14.0%
1.1%
84.9%



6.0%
94.0%


53.2%
50.3%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2010
6.0%
10.1%
84.0%
22.2%
1.1%
76.7%
0.0%


9.0%
91.0%


44.7%
61.2%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2011
6.5%
12.1%
81.4%
15.4%
2.4%
82.1%
0.0%


22.0%
78.0%


53.4%
58.1%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2012

16.2%
83.8%
20.0%
2.8%
77.2%
0.0%


35.6%
64.4%


59.5%
83.8%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2013

18.3%
81.7%
21.4%
3.8%
74.7%
0.0%


33.9%
66.1%


56.4%
83.2%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2014

18.7%
81.3%
21.4%
2.9%
75.7%
0.0%


45.5%
54.5%


52.1%
92.3%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2015

15.2%
84.8%
22.9%
2.4%
74.7%
0.0%


44.3%
55.7%


55.2%
94.9%
0.2%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2016

13.8%
86.2%
21.3%
1.7%
77.1%
0.0%


47.4%
52.6%


44.4%
99.1%
0.0%
Sedan/Wagon
8
2017

11.7%
88.3%
22.2%
1.7%
76.1%



50.0%
50.0%


47.1%
91.2%

Sedan/Wagon
8
2018
2.4%
12.9%
84.6%
22.3%
2.1%
75.6%



41.0%
59.0%


48.9%
91.5%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Other
1975


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1976


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1977


100.0%
10.9%
89.1%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1978


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1979


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1980


100.0%
11.5%
88.5%



35.5%

64.5%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1981
















Sedan/Wagon
Other
1982


100.0%

100.0%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1983


100.0%
2.2%
97.8%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1984


100.0%
0.6%
99.4%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1985


100.0%
2.8%
97.2%





100.0%





Sedan/Wagon
Other
1986


100.0%
6.4%
93.6%





100.0%


6.4%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1987


100.0%
11.0%
89.0%





100.0%


11.0%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1988


100.0%
5.4%
61.9%
32.7%




100.0%


5.4%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1989


100.0%
3.9%
62.3%
33.8%




98.4%
1.6%

3.9%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1990


100.0%
4.8%
58.2%
37.0%




100.0%


4.8%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1991
1.6%

98.4%
12.2%
34.4%
53.4%




100.0%


5.3%


Sedan/Wagon
Other
1992

1.1%
98.9%
14.4%
61.2%
24.4%




100.0%


26.4%
20.6%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1993

0.4%
99.6%
30.9%
43.3%
25.9%




100.0%


43.4%
40.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1994

1.5%
98.5%
40.5%
22.7%
36.8%




100.0%


25.0%
24.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1995

0.8%
99.2%
33.1%
36.4%
30.4%




100.0%


42.4%
53.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1996

0.6%
99.4%
44.5%

55.5%




100.0%


26.9%
55.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1997

1.8%
98.2%
40.8%

59.2%




100.0%


47.2%
61.6%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1998

2.9%
97.1%
37.0%

63.0%




100.0%


39.7%
67.2%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
1999

5.2%
94.8%
47.1%

52.9%




100.0%


45.8%
58.9%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2000


100.0%
56.6%

43.4%




100.0%


53.9%
33.8%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2001

2.7%
97.3%
39.7%

60.3%




100.0%


56.7%
21.8%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2002

2.4%
97.6%
41.0%

59.0%




100.0%


65.1%
11.1%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2003

1.6%
98.4%
49.4%

50.6%




100.0%


63.2%
22.4%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2004

32.5%
67.5%
37.6%

62.4%




100.0%


100.0%
49.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2005

37.1%
62.9%
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


83.5%
80.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2006

31.2%
68.8%
12.1%

87.9%




100.0%


88.7%
89.4%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2007

41.6%
58.4%
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%
68.3%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2008

39.7%
60.3%
18.5%

81.5%



12.9%
87.1%


90.1%
78.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2009

33.8%
66.2%
19.0%
2.8%
78.2%



15.2%
84.8%


88.6%
58.4%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2010
0.1%
39.2%
60.7%
13.0%
12.6%
74.4%



33.0%
66.9%


92.7%
93.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-12	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2011
14
0.003
43.8
30.2
40.3
35.2
0.0
0.0
190.1
3937
45.7
101.2
356
251
8.5
1.548
0.0580
125.6
7523
13541
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2012
23
0.003
48.9
33.8
44.9
39.3
0.0
0.0
158.7
4008
46.9
106.6
360
256
7.2
1.531
0.0585
138.4
8333
15435
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2013
54
0.007
90.3
66.0
73.5
70.1
0.0
0.0
47.8
3923
47.1
112.0
398
227
7.9
1.500
0.0544
183.8
11002
21080
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2014
50
0.007
72.1
51.3
62.6
57.2
0.0
0.0
79.2
3973
46.7
105.6
384
263
7.1
1.548
0.0624
170.1
9655
18700
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2015
85
0.011
100.4
72.5
78.7
75.9
0.0
0.0
39.2
3897
45.9
108.5
372
227
7.6
1.598
0.0541
190.9
11017
21328
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2016
69
0.010
92.4
65.6
74.9
70.6
0.0
0.0
48.1
4173
47.5
110.4
385
261
7.0
1.536
0.0585
198.7
10868
22509
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2017
96
0.014
98.8
70.4
77.3
74.2
0.0
0.0
42.8
4151
46.2
109.8
371
234
6.3
1.692
0.0549
207.3
11376
23582
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2018
-
0.042
145.0
83.4
82.2
82.7
0.0
0.0
9.3
4075
47.9
112.4
356
266
5.6
1.746
0.0642
183.7
10213
20764
Car SUV
3
1975




















Car SUV
3
1976




















Car SUV
3
1977




















Car SUV
3
1978




















Car SUV
3
1979




















Car SUV
3
1980




















Car SUV
3
1981




















Car SUV
3
1982




















Car SUV
3
1983




















Car SUV
3
1984




















Car SUV
3
1985




















Car SUV
3
1986




















Car SUV
3
1987




















Car SUV
3
1988




















Car SUV
3
1989




















Car SUV
3
1990




















Car SUV
3
1991




















Car SUV
3
1992




















Car SUV
3
1993




















Car SUV
3
1994




















Car SUV
3
1995




















Car SUV
3
1996




















Car SUV
3
1997




















Car SUV
3
1998




















Car SUV
3
1999




















Car SUV
3
2000




















Car SUV
3
2001




















Car SUV
3
2002




















Car SUV
3
2003




















Car SUV
3
2004




















Car SUV
3
2005




















Car SUV
3
2006




















Car SUV
3
2007




















Car SUV
3
2008




















Car SUV
3
2009




















Car SUV
3
2010




















Car SUV
3
2011




















Car SUV
3
2012




















Car SUV
3
2013




















Car SUV
3
2014




















Car SUV
3
2015




















Car SUV
3
2016




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-13	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2011
59.2%
16.6%
24.2%
4.2%
17.0%
78.8%



18.4%
14.1%


32.5%
27.7%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2012
53.8%
30.5%
15.6%
1.8%
15.3%
82.9%



11.2%
15.7%


26.9%
23.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2013
57.0%
37.1%
5.9%
1.6%
35.0%
63.2%
0.2%


3.0%
5.3%


6.7%
8.3%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2014
39.6%
11.6%
48.8%
1.9%
53.8%
44.3%



5.0%
8.8%


12.2%
13.8%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2015
59.5%
25.9%
14.6%
0.5%
39.8%
59.7%



2.3%
4.7%


6.6%
7.0%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2016
47.9%
32.2%
19.9%
0.8%
53.1%
45.0%
1.1%


2.3%
6.2%


7.7%
8.5%

Sedan/Wagon
Other
2017
58.1%
23.8%
18.1%
0.9%
68.0%
28.5%
2.7%


2.1%
5.5%


6.8%
7.6%
0.1%
Sedan/Wagon
Other
2018
25.1%
20.4%
54.5%

84.2%
15.4%
0.5%


0.5%
1.1%


1.7%
1.7%

Car SUV
3
1975
















Car SUV
3
1976
















Car SUV
3
1977
















Car SUV
3
1978
















Car SUV
3
1979
















Car SUV
3
1980
















Car SUV
3
1981
















Car SUV
3
1982
















Car SUV
3
1983
















Car SUV
3
1984
















Car SUV
3
1985
















Car SUV
3
1986
















Car SUV
3
1987
















Car SUV
3
1988
















Car SUV
3
1989
















Car SUV
3
1990
















Car SUV
3
1991
















Car SUV
3
1992
















Car SUV
3
1993
















Car SUV
3
1994
















Car SUV
3
1995
















Car SUV
3
1996
















Car SUV
3
1997
















Car SUV
3
1998
















Car SUV
3
1999
















Car SUV
3
2000
















Car SUV
3
2001
















Car SUV
3
2002
















Car SUV
3
2003
















Car SUV
3
2004
















Car SUV
3
2005
















Car SUV
3
2006
















Car SUV
3
2007
















Car SUV
3
2008
















Car SUV
3
2009
















Car SUV
3
2010
















Car SUV
3
2011
















Car SUV
3
2012
















Car SUV
3
2013
















Car SUV
3
2014
















Car SUV
3
2015
















Car SUV
3
2016
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-14	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Car SUV
3
2017




















Car SUV
3
2018
-
0.019
40.3
27.4
29.1
28.3
324.7
305.9
314.0
3500
41.2

61
123
11.5
2.016
0.0351
49.5


Car SUV
4
1975
6
0.614
12.0
9.0
12.2
10.2
982.5
728.0
868.0
4000


257
110

0.428
0.0275
20.5


Car SUV
4
1976




















Car SUV
4
1977




















Car SUV
4
1978




















Car SUV
4
1979
9
0.583
20.8
17.5
17.7
17.6
509.0
501.9
505.8
2750


121
80
17.8
0.661
0.0291
24.2


Car SUV
4
1980
0
0.022
17.0
14.1
14.8
14.4
629.4
601.8
617.4
4000


196
77
21.0
0.393
0.0193
28.8


Car SUV
4
1981




















Car SUV
4
1982
11
0.865
23.6
20.7
19.1
19.9
429.1
466.0
445.8
2500


151
84
17.5
0.556
0.0336
24.9


Car SUV
4
1983
14
0.407
23.4
20.3
19.1
19.7
436.7
462.9
450.3
2577


148
87
15.8
0.590
0.0341
25.6


Car SUV
4
1984
4
0.074
23.8
20.2
20.0
20.1
439.0
431.3
442.2
2622


143
91
15.2
0.636
0.0349
26.9


Car SUV
4
1985
8
0.094
25.0
20.0
22.9
21.2
442.0
385.4
418.4
3284


151
98
15.7
0.648
0.0301
35.0


Car SUV
4
1986
8
0.143
26.0
20.4
24.3
22.0
435.0
364.6
403.5
3364


150
107
14.3
0.710
0.0320
37.1


Car SUV
4
1987
7
0.069
25.6
19.8
24.3
21.7
446.4
365.4
409.8
3381


151
100
15.1
0.665
0.0299
36.7


Car SUV
4
1988
4
0.038
26.2
20.1
24.8
22.0
440.8
357.0
403.1
3363


151
102
14.9
0.677
0.0306
37.2


Car SUV
4
1989
5
0.050
22.7
17.6
21.1
19.1
503.9
420.4
465.7
3445


150
113
13.1
0.750
0.0328
32.9


Car SUV
4
1990
10
0.160
23.9
18.6
21.5
19.9
468.4
408.1
446.5
3377


140
106
12.9
0.759
0.0315
33.6


Car SUV
4
1991
51
0.230
22.8
18.4
19.3
18.8
471.9
445.7
471.6
3263


138
92
14.9
0.685
0.0285
30.9


Car SUV
4
1992
56
0.229
23.3
18.5
19.8
19.1
465.5
429.7
464.5
3128


130
99
13.4
0.772
0.0317
30.2


Car SUV
4
1993
56
0.119
23.0
18.3
19.4
18.8
472.5
438.9
471.9
3159


131
99
12.7
0.767
0.0316
29.9


Car SUV
4
1994
77
0.232
24.3
18.7
21.1
19.9
465.3
413.4
447.6
3149


124
105
12.2
0.846
0.0333
31.1


Car SUV
4
1995
38
0.175
26.7
20.1
23.5
21.7
433.4
375.1
409.0
3083


116
95
13.1
0.828
0.0309
33.1


Car SUV
4
1996
61
0.211
27.7
20.6
24.5
22.5
428.2
358.4
395.2
3076


122
114
11.9
0.945
0.0373
34.6


Car SUV
4
1997
164
0.456
27.5
20.2
24.4
22.2
437.4
361.8
399.7
3083


130
125
11.1
0.973
0.0409
34.3


Car SUV
4
1998
88
0.193
27.6
20.3
24.4
22.3
435.8
362.3
399.0
3238


122
123
12.0
1.013
0.0382
36.1


Car SUV
4
1999
92
0.189
27.7
20.3
24.2
22.2
435.8
364.6
400.1
3286


124
132
11.6
1.073
0.0403
36.5


Car SUV
4
2000
103
0.168
26.5
19.3
23.0
21.2
455.8
381.5
420.0
3359


123
133
11.2
1.086
0.0397
35.7


Car SUV
4
2001
200
0.269
27.0
19.5
23.4
21.5
450.7
375.3
413.9
3390


126
137
10.9
1.096
0.0409
36.6


Car SUV
4
2002
167
0.277
27.7
19.6
24.6
22.1
448.2
356.4
402.6
3387


130
143
10.7
1.109
0.0429
37.6


Car SUV
4
2003
185
0.323
28.3
19.6
25.4
22.5
450.6
348.6
395.3
3422


135
144
10.5
1.072
0.0424
38.5


Car SUV
4
2004
159
0.250
28.6
19.6
25.7
22.6
450.2
344.7
392.4
3483


143
151
10.3
1.060
0.0441
39.4


Car SUV
4
2005
193
0.237
29.2
20.2
25.3
22.8
437.9
349.9
389.2
3410


139
153
10.1
1.100
0.0451
39.0


Car SUV
4
2006
213
0.284
29.5
20.3
25.8
23.1
434.0
343.2
384.1
3522


138
152
10.4
1.101
0.0433
40.9


Car SUV
4
2007
293
0.319
29.1
19.9
25.8
22.9
443.0
341.9
388.5
3569


139
163
10.2
1.173
0.0454
41.0


Car SUV
4
2008
379
0.411
29.8
20.4
26.3
23.4
428.5
337.1
380.3
3624
44.6

141
163
10.1
1.156
0.0452
42.7


Car SUV
4
2009
296
0.487
30.4
20.7
27.1
23.9
422.7
327.1
371.5
3632
44.7

147
170
9.5
1.158
0.0469
43.8


Car SUV
4
2010
528
0.577
31.6
21.2
28.6
24.9
416.8
309.6
357.4
3708
46.0

149
178
9.4
1.198
0.0482
46.3


Car SUV
4
2011
796
0.659
31.6
21.1
28.5
24.8
418.8
310.7
358.9
3722
46.1

147
175
9.5
1.195
0.0472
46.3


Car SUV
4
2012
816
0.645
32.0
21.3
28.6
25.0
414.9
309.0
356.2
3758
46.3

146
180
9.3
1.241
0.0481
47.0


Car SUV
4
2013
1079
0.713
33.0
21.9
29.4
25.7
404.0
300.6
346.4
3793
46.3

138
185
9.2
1.361
0.0487
48.7


Car SUV
4
2014
1229
0.785
32.8
21.8
29.1
25.4
405.3
303.6
349.2
3728
45.9

137
181
9.2
1.347
0.0486
47.6


Car SUV
4
2015
1366
0.803
33.9
22.6
30.0
26.3
389.7
294.8
337.9
3742
45.9

139
181
9.1
1.335
0.0485
49.4


Car SUV
4
2016
1656
0.885
34.6
23.2
30.2
26.7
379.2
292.4
332.3
3692
45.6

133
179
9.2
1.371
0.0485
49.5


Car SUV
4
2017
1779
0.907
34.0
22.7
30.2
26.4
388.2
292.6
336.3
3790
46.2

131
184
9.1
1.460
0.0485
50.2


Car SUV
4
2018
-
0.925
34.9
23.4
30.2
26.8
377.3
293.1
332.0
3736
45.9

126
181
9.1
1.496
0.0485
50.3


Car SUV
6
1975
2
0.224
15.8
13.4
13.3
13.4
664.1
664.7
665.3
4000


248
105

0.422
0.0261
26.7


Car SUV
6
1976
10
0.882
12.1
9.1
12.2
10.3
908.1
711.1
862.3
4000


255
119

0.467
0.0298
21.6


Car SUV
6
1977
17
0.909
14.1
11.1
13.4
12.0
778.5
642.2
741.1
4000


256
122

0.478
0.0306
24.8


Car SUV
6
1978
15
0.901
13.3
10.1
13.4
11.4
850.2
653.7
781.8
4000


257
124
14.3
0.483
0.0310
23.3


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-15	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
3
2017
















Car SUV
3
2018
100.0%




100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4
1975


100.0%
100.0%




100.0%







Car SUV
4
1976
















Car SUV
4
1977
















Car SUV
4
1978
















Car SUV
4
1979


100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
4
1980


100.0%
100.0%




100.0%







Car SUV
4
1981
















Car SUV
4
1982


100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
4
1983


100.0%
5.5%
92.3%
2.2%


100.0%







Car SUV
4
1984


100.0%
24.5%
75.5%



100.0%







Car SUV
4
1985


100.0%
50.3%

49.7%


43.2%


56.8%




Car SUV
4
1986


100.0%
54.4%

45.6%





99.8%
0.2%



Car SUV
4
1987


100.0%
61.2%

38.8%





100.0%




Car SUV
4
1988


100.0%
60.8%

39.2%





100.0%




Car SUV
4
1989


100.0%
96.8%

3.2%


28.3%

56.6%
15.1%




Car SUV
4
1990


100.0%
86.9%
11.3%
1.7%


31.9%

45.8%
22.3%




Car SUV
4
1991


100.0%
39.4%
0.6%
59.9%


3.5%

12.9%
83.5%




Car SUV
4
1992


100.0%
52.2%

47.8%


5.4%

28.5%
66.1%




Car SUV
4
1993


100.0%
47.3%

52.7%


5.8%

24.5%
69.6%




Car SUV
4
1994
2.9%

97.1%
49.6%
32.7%
17.7%




68.4%
31.6%

7.4%


Car SUV
4
1995
0.8%

99.2%
76.7%

23.3%




47.6%
52.4%




Car SUV
4
1996
29.6%

70.4%
52.5%

47.5%




100.0%


81.4%


Car SUV
4
1997
44.6%

55.4%
43.2%
13.4%
43.5%




100.0%


94.7%


Car SUV
4
1998
53.5%

46.5%
35.9%

64.1%




100.0%


98.1%


Car SUV
4
1999
57.1%

42.9%
27.1%

72.9%




100.0%


87.6%


Car SUV
4
2000
46.1%

53.9%
19.1%

80.9%




100.0%


84.8%


Car SUV
4
2001
47.2%

52.8%
18.1%

81.9%




100.0%


66.2%
20.4%

Car SUV
4
2002
77.4%

22.6%
21.7%

77.9%
0.4%



100.0%


88.5%
48.6%

Car SUV
4
2003
94.0%

6.0%
19.7%

66.6%
13.6%



100.0%


91.1%
37.4%

Car SUV
4
2004
93.6%

6.4%
20.6%

71.9%
7.5%



100.0%


100.0%
54.3%

Car SUV
4
2005
99.5%

0.5%
14.3%

83.5%
2.2%



100.0%


100.0%
36.9%
2.2%
Car SUV
4
2006
100.0%


8.8%

87.4%
3.8%



100.0%


100.0%
47.2%
3.8%
Car SUV
4
2007
100.0%


3.6%

94.0%
2.4%



100.0%


100.0%
71.3%
5.0%
Car SUV
4
2008
100.0%


1.6%

84.6%
13.9%


5.3%
94.7%


100.0%
78.1%
5.7%
Car SUV
4
2009
100.0%


1.0%

84.2%
14.8%


2.7%
97.3%


100.0%
96.8%
5.5%
Car SUV
4
2010
92.6%
7.4%

0.4%

90.4%
9.2%


27.8%
72.2%


100.0%
100.0%
1.2%
Car SUV
4
2011
91.9%
8.1%
0.0%
0.8%

89.9%
9.3%


28.5%
71.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.6%
Car SUV
4
2012
89.2%
10.4%
0.4%
0.7%

85.0%
14.3%


42.2%
57.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%
Car SUV
4
2013
95.4%
4.4%
0.2%
0.5%

87.6%
11.9%


56.7%
43.3%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4
2014
95.7%
4.3%

0.9%

89.2%
9.9%


54.8%
45.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
4
2015
96.3%
3.6%
0.1%
0.7%

74.6%
24.7%


53.0%
47.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%
Car SUV
4
2016
87.7%
11.1%
1.2%
0.7%
3.3%
65.7%
30.3%


49.6%
50.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Car SUV
4
2017
89.4%
8.6%
2.0%
0.2%
3.4%
78.3%
18.1%


60.9%
39.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%
Car SUV
4
2018
91.1%
7.4%
1.6%
0.5%
1.9%
78.4%
19.2%


57.6%
41.0%

1.4%
100.0%
98.6%
0.5%
Car SUV
6
1975


100.0%

100.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
6
1976


100.0%
76.1%
23.9%



100.0%







Car SUV
6
1977


100.0%
89.3%
10.7%



100.0%







Car SUV
6
1978


100.0%
91.9%
8.1%



100.0%







* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-16	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Car SUV
6
1979
4
0.264
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
797.5
693.5
751.9
4000


256
124
14.3
0.483
0.0310
23.7


Car SUV
6
1980
0
0.361
19.0
15.8
16.4
16.1
563.0
541.8
553.4
4000


225
100
18.5
0.444
0.0250
32.1


Car SUV
6
1981




















Car SUV
6
1982
2
0.135
22.0
17.3
20.9
18.8
502.3
411.4
473.6
3461


207
112
16.3
0.558
0.0330
32.6


Car SUV
6
1983
20
0.593
25.0
19.0
25.4
21.4
467.4
349.6
415.4
3500


173
110
15.1
0.636
0.0314
37.5


Car SUV
6
1984
51
0.926
22.5
17.3
22.3
19.2
511.5
387.5
462.2
3555


182
110
15.2
0.614
0.0311
34.5


Car SUV
6
1985
80
0.906
23.3
17.4
24.3
20.0
510.1
364.4
445.1
3488


173
110
15.0
0.636
0.0315
34.9


Car SUV
6
1986
51
0.857
21.7
16.7
21.3
18.5
533.4
416.9
480.6
3499


173
123
13.3
0.714
0.0353
32.4


Car SUV
6
1987
88
0.931
22.7
16.9
23.0
19.3
523.8
386.1
461.1
3500


181
133
12.9
0.735
0.0379
33.8


Car SUV
6
1988
105
0.962
22.6
17.0
22.4
19.2
522.8
394.5
464.1
3500


201
143
12.2
0.720
0.0409
33.6


Car SUV
6
1989
102
0.950
22.7
17.0
22.1
19.1
520.7
401.0
465.0
3500


230
149
11.3
0.664
0.0427
33.5


Car SUV
6
1990
55
0.840
22.2
16.6
21.5
18.7
534.2
411.3
476.4
3545


222
153
10.5
0.706
0.0434
33.1


Car SUV
6
1991
172
0.770
21.5
15.9
20.9
18.0
556.2
422.8
493.0
3873


238
160
10.9
0.678
0.0415
35.0


Car SUV
6
1992
187
0.771
20.9
15.5
20.2
17.5
573.3
437.2
508.1
3886


234
169
10.4
0.722
0.0436
34.1


Car SUV
6
1993
338
0.715
20.7
15.1
20.1
17.3
585.1
439.3
514.4
3927


238
184
9.3
0.774
0.0469
34.1


Car SUV
6
1994
255
0.768
21.1
15.4
20.3
17.6
575.1
436.5
506.3
3913


234
181
9.3
0.774
0.0464
34.4


Car SUV
6
1995
182
0.825
20.7
15.0
20.0
17.2
591.7
443.6
518.0
3907


235
180
9.6
0.773
0.0463
33.7


Car SUV
6
1996
226
0.789
21.3
15.3
20.4
17.6
577.7
434.6
505.4
3879


240
181
9.9
0.763
0.0468
34.2


Car SUV
6
1997
189
0.525
21.1
15.2
20.0
17.4
583.8
442.6
511.6
3938


237
187
9.7
0.797
0.0475
34.3


Car SUV
6
1998
362
0.796
21.4
15.3
20.2
17.5
581.7
440.2
507.4
3964


240
179
10.2
0.752
0.0452
34.8


Car SUV
6
1999
396
0.811
21.8
15.6
20.4
17.8
569.5
435.7
498.8
3958


231
178
10.3
0.793
0.0451
35.3


Car SUV
6
2000
499
0.809
21.4
15.2
19.9
17.4
584.2
446.3
510.8
3972


228
180
9.8
0.810
0.0454
34.6


Car SUV
6
2001
535
0.719
22.2
15.6
20.8
18.1
568.0
424.3
492.3
3901


217
194
9.2
0.913
0.0500
35.4


Car SUV
6
2002
434
0.721
22.8
15.9
21.2
18.4
556.4
414.5
482.1
3885


203
192
9.4
0.963
0.0497
36.0


Car SUV
6
2003
385
0.670
23.5
16.3
21.7
18.9
543.1
406.9
470.2
3855


203
197
9.1
0.985
0.0513
36.6


Car SUV
6
2004
466
0.729
24.0
16.4
22.5
19.3
540.7
393.2
460.1
3962


205
210
8.9
1.029
0.0530
38.4


Car SUV
6
2005
614
0.756
24.4
16.6
22.6
19.6
534.1
391.2
454.5
3976


200
203
9.0
1.020
0.0512
38.9


Car SUV
6
2006
534
0.711
24.5
16.6
22.7
19.6
534.5
389.8
453.9
4009


201
207
9.0
1.031
0.0516
39.3


Car SUV
6
2007
623
0.678
24.7
16.7
22.9
19.8
529.9
386.8
449.9
4103


207
229
8.6
1.105
0.0557
40.6


Car SUV
6
2008
542
0.587
24.9
16.7
23.2
19.9
528.5
381.4
446.2
4093
47.3

204
231
8.5
1.131
0.0565
40.8


Car SUV
6
2009
311
0.511
25.7
17.4
23.8
20.5
509.6
372.4
433.0
4047
47.5

202
240
8.0
1.190
0.0596
41.5


Car SUV
6
2010
387
0.423
26.3
17.8
24.1
20.9
495.8
367.1
424.8
4278
48.1

202
261
7.7
1.298
0.0614
44.9


Car SUV
6
2011
411
0.341
27.0
18.2
24.7
21.4
485.2
358.9
415.0
4214
48.3

203
269
7.5
1.335
0.0642
45.2


Car SUV
6
2012
449
0.355
26.1
17.6
24.1
20.8
502.7
367.2
427.9
4200
47.8

206
266
7.6
1.294
0.0635
43.8


Car SUV
6
2013
434
0.287
27.3
18.1
25.2
21.6
487.0
350.9
411.9
4393
49.0

215
286
7.4
1.328
0.0653
47.6


Car SUV
6
2014
336
0.214
26.8
17.8
25.0
21.3
495.5
354.3
417.4
4367
48.6

213
287
7.3
1.347
0.0659
46.6


Car SUV
6
2015
335
0.197
26.9
18.0
24.7
21.3
489.3
358.2
417.0
4384
48.3

213
288
7.3
1.355
0.0659
46.9


Car SUV
6
2016
196
0.105
26.6
17.6
25.2
21.2
499.5
350.9
418.3
4391
48.9

215
296
7.1
1.381
0.0676
46.9


Car SUV
6
2017
165
0.084
27.7
18.3
26.3
22.1
480.4
336.2
401.3
4367
48.9

214
293
7.1
1.371
0.0671
48.6


Car SUV
6
2018
-
0.047
28.6
18.9
26.9
22.7
469.0
329.3
390.7
4321
48.7

211
285
7.1
1.359
0.0661
49.2


Car SUV
8
1975
2
0.162
14.5
11.6
13.5
12.4
762.8
649.6
719.4
4000


298
135

0.450
0.0336
24.9


Car SUV
8
1976
1
0.118
15.5
11.8
15.5
13.2
752.0
568.2
672.5
3883


326
153

0.469
0.0395
25.8


Car SUV
8
1977
2
0.091
16.6
13.0
16.0
14.2
680.9
555.2
626.8
4000


314
147

0.467
0.0367
28.4


Car SUV
8
1978
2
0.099
16.3
13.1
14.8
13.8
675.5
598.1
642.1
4000


313
145
12.8
0.464
0.0363
27.7


Car SUV
8
1979
2
0.152
12.4
10.2
10.8
10.5
856.4
805.1
847.8
4000


307
127
14.4
0.413
0.0317
21.3


Car SUV
8
1980
0
0.617
16.3
13.0
15.0
13.8
679.9
590.3
642.3
4000


316
137
14.6
0.433
0.0342
27.8


Car SUV
8
1981
0
1.000
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
647.9
553.4
605.4
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
29.4


Car SUV
8
1982




















Car SUV
8
1983




















Car SUV
8
1984




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-17	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
6
1979


100.0%
95.3%

4.7%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1980


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1981
















Car SUV
6
1982


100.0%
33.9%

66.1%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1983


100.0%
28.7%

71.3%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1984


100.0%
19.0%
11.0%
69.9%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1985


100.0%
12.3%

87.7%


100.0%







Car SUV
6
1986


100.0%
12.0%

88.0%


15.3%

0.0%
84.6%




Car SUV
6
1987


100.0%
10.8%

89.2%




35.2%
64.8%




Car SUV
6
1988


100.0%
23.1%

76.9%




50.2%
49.8%




Car SUV
6
1989


100.0%
23.8%

76.2%




44.1%
55.9%




Car SUV
6
1990


100.0%
25.2%

74.8%




66.6%
33.4%




Car SUV
6
1991


100.0%
17.0%

83.0%




60.1%
39.9%




Car SUV
6
1992


100.0%
16.3%

83.7%




80.3%
19.7%




Car SUV
6
1993


100.0%
7.4%

92.6%




99.4%
0.6%




Car SUV
6
1994
2.5%

97.5%
13.0%

87.0%




99.3%
0.7%

12.7%


Car SUV
6
1995


100.0%
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


23.1%


Car SUV
6
1996


100.0%
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


19.3%


Car SUV
6
1997


100.0%
6.7%

93.3%




100.0%


21.7%


Car SUV
6
1998


100.0%
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


12.8%


Car SUV
6
1999
5.6%

94.4%
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


27.0%
5.6%

Car SUV
6
2000
6.2%

93.8%
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%


24.5%
6.2%

Car SUV
6
2001
34.0%

66.0%
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%


35.2%
6.3%

Car SUV
6
2002
47.2%

52.8%
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


63.6%
6.7%

Car SUV
6
2003
53.2%

46.8%
1.2%

92.7%
6.1%



100.0%


57.1%
10.4%

Car SUV
6
2004
68.0%
2.2%
29.8%
0.9%

93.1%
6.1%



100.0%


66.4%
30.4%

Car SUV
6
2005
66.7%
18.6%
14.7%
0.4%

94.4%
5.2%



100.0%


57.0%
23.6%

Car SUV
6
2006
69.4%
11.6%
19.0%
0.9%

93.4%
5.8%



100.0%


81.4%
27.4%

Car SUV
6
2007
78.8%
6.6%
14.6%
0.7%

94.7%
4.6%



100.0%


74.4%
35.1%

Car SUV
6
2008
78.3%
8.7%
12.9%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


82.3%
41.0%

Car SUV
6
2009
85.1%
5.3%
9.6%
0.2%

87.5%
12.3%



100.0%


88.5%
51.7%

Car SUV
6
2010
82.7%
10.8%
6.5%
0.0%

92.9%
7.1%


23.9%
76.1%


100.0%
99.9%
1.5%
Car SUV
6
2011
82.8%
12.7%
4.5%


94.6%
5.4%


26.0%
74.0%


100.0%
99.5%
0.6%
Car SUV
6
2012
67.8%
22.0%
10.2%


94.6%
5.4%


34.7%
65.3%


94.4%
94.4%
0.4%
Car SUV
6
2013
78.6%
16.2%
5.2%


95.4%
4.6%


25.6%
74.4%


100.0%
100.0%
1.1%
Car SUV
6
2014
73.7%
20.3%
6.1%


93.0%
7.0%


41.2%
58.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
Car SUV
6
2015
67.0%
26.5%
6.5%


98.7%
1.3%


51.9%
48.1%


100.0%
100.0%
1.3%
Car SUV
6
2016
73.9%
24.9%
1.2%


99.7%
0.3%


48.4%
51.6%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
Car SUV
6
2017
79.1%
18.0%
2.9%


100.0%



24.0%
76.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
6
2018
100.0%




100.0%



2.6%
97.4%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
1975


100.0%
42.8%
57.2%



100.0%







Car SUV
8
1976


100.0%
17.0%
83.0%



100.0%







Car SUV
8
1977


100.0%
14.6%
85.4%



100.0%







Car SUV
8
1978


100.0%
14.3%
85.7%



100.0%







Car SUV
8
1979


100.0%
82.3%

17.7%


100.0%







Car SUV
8
1980


100.0%
2.7%
15.2%
82.1%


100.0%







Car SUV
8
1981


100.0%


100.0%


100.0%







Car SUV
8
1982
















Car SUV
8
1983
















Car SUV
8
1984
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-18	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Car SUV
8
1985




















Car SUV
8
1986




















Car SUV
8
1987




















Car SUV
8
1988




















Car SUV
8
1989




















Car SUV
8
1990




















Car SUV
8
1991




















Car SUV
8
1992




















Car SUV
8
1993
79
0.167
18.0
13.1
17.8
15.1
680.2
498.9
589.7
4000


318
215
8.3
0.676
0.0538
30.1


Car SUV
8
1994




















Car SUV
8
1995




















Car SUV
8
1996




















Car SUV
8
1997
7
0.019
18.3
13.2
17.5
15.1
675.5
507.4
587.5
4000


318
215
CO
CO
0.676
0.0538
30.3


Car SUV
8
1998
5
0.010
18.3
13.1
17.6
15.1
680.1
504.9
587.4
4000


318
220
9.0
0.692
0.0550
30.3


Car SUV
8
1999




















Car SUV
8
2000
14
0.023
19.6
13.8
18.5
16.0
644.7
479.8
555.5
4000


287
235
8.2
0.819
0.0588
32.0


Car SUV
8
2001
9
0.012
19.8
13.7
19.3
16.3
650.4
460.0
546.3
4000


287
230
8.0
0.801
0.0575
32.5


Car SUV
8
2002
1
0.002
19.0
13.0
18.4
15.5
681.8
483.4
572.2
4000


287
270
7.3
0.941
0.0675
31.1


Car SUV
8
2003
4
0.008
22.2
15.2
21.1
18.0
584.7
420.2
494.0
4000


278
318
6.6
1.146
0.0795
36.1


Car SUV
8
2004
13
0.021
19.8
13.4
19.1
16.1
661.3
466.1
551.3
4500


279
316
7.2
1.132
0.0702
36.3


Car SUV
8
2005
6
0.007
20.3
13.3
20.7
16.7
670.5
428.9
532.9
4848


279
315
7.5
1.129
0.0651
40.4


Car SUV
8
2006
4
0.005
20.2
13.2
20.5
16.6
670.7
432.4
535.1
5000


279
317
7.6
1.136
0.0634
41.5


Car SUV
8
2007
2
0.003
19.3
12.8
19.1
15.8
692.1
464.9
563.1
5000


279
315
7.5
1.129
0.0630
39.5


Car SUV
8
2008
2
0.002
19.5
12.9
19.5
16.0
687.2
455.2
555.2
5000
50.2

279
319
7.5
1.143
0.0638
40.0


Car SUV
8
2009
1
0.002
21.0
14.0
20.5
17.1
630.9
431.7
519.7
4765
50.3

280
327
7.0
1.167
0.0690
40.8


Car SUV
8
2010
0
0.000
22.7
15.3
21.5
18.3
581.1
412.5
485.0
4500
50.5

281
337
6.7
1.199
0.0749
41.2


Car SUV
8
2011
0
0.000
22.8
15.4
21.6
18.4
576.1
411.8
482.5
4500
51.0

281
337
6.7
1.201
0.0749
41.4


Car SUV
8
2012




















Car SUV
8
2013




















Car SUV
8
2014




















Car SUV
8
2015




















Car SUV
8
2016




















Car SUV
8
2017




















Car SUV
8
2018




















Car SUV
Other
1975




















Car SUV
Other
1976




















Car SUV
Other
1977




















Car SUV
Other
1978




















Car SUV
Other
1979




















Car SUV
Other
1980




















Car SUV
Other
1981




















Car SUV
Other
1982




















Car SUV
Other
1983




















Car SUV
Other
1984




















Car SUV
Other
1985




















Car SUV
Other
1986




















Car SUV
Other
1987




















Car SUV
Other
1988




















Car SUV
Other
1989




















Car SUV
Other
1990




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-19	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
8
1985
















Car SUV
8
1986
















Car SUV
8
1987
















Car SUV
8
1988
















Car SUV
8
1989
















Car SUV
8
1990
















Car SUV
8
1991
















Car SUV
8
1992
















Car SUV
8
1993


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
1994
















Car SUV
8
1995
















Car SUV
8
1996
















Car SUV
8
1997


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
1998


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
1999
















Car SUV
8
2000


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
2001


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
2002


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Car SUV
8
2003


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


68.5%
68.5%

Car SUV
8
2004

83.6%
16.4%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2005

69.5%
30.5%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2006

63.2%
36.8%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2007

75.3%
24.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2008

80.3%
19.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2009

40.3%
59.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2010


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2011


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Car SUV
8
2012
















Car SUV
8
2013
















Car SUV
8
2014
















Car SUV
8
2015
















Car SUV
8
2016
















Car SUV
8
2017
















Car SUV
8
2018
















Car SUV
Other
1975
















Car SUV
Other
1976
















Car SUV
Other
1977
















Car SUV
Other
1978
















Car SUV
Other
1979
















Car SUV
Other
1980
















Car SUV
Other
1981
















Car SUV
Other
1982
















Car SUV
Other
1983
















Car SUV
Other
1984
















Car SUV
Other
1985
















Car SUV
Other
1986
















Car SUV
Other
1987
















Car SUV
Other
1988
















Car SUV
Other
1989
















Car SUV
Other
1990
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-20	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Car SUV
Other
1991




















Car SUV
Other
1992




















Car SUV
Other
1993




















Car SUV
Other
1994




















Car SUV
Other
1995




















Car SUV
Other
1996




















Car SUV
Other
1997




















Car SUV
Other
1998




















Car SUV
Other
1999




















Car SUV
Other
2000




















Car SUV
Other
2001




















Car SUV
Other
2002




















Car SUV
Other
2003




















Car SUV
Other
2004




















Car SUV
Other
2005




















Car SUV
Other
2006




















Car SUV
Other
2007




















Car SUV
Other
2008




















Car SUV
Other
2009




















Car SUV
Other
2010




















Car SUV
Other
2011




















Car SUV
Other
2012
0
0.000
108.2
77.9
73.3
75.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4036
45.0


153
7.7

0.0380
151.7


Car SUV
Other
2013
1
0.001
107.9
77.5
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4062
45.0


152
7.0

0.0377
152.1


Car SUV
Other
2014
1
0.001
107.9
77.6
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4059
45.0


152
7.0

0.0377
152.1


Car SUV
Other
2015
0
0.000
71.1
49.3
50.7
50.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
45.2


134
12.5

0.0298
112.7


Car SUV
Other
2016
18
0.009
124.1
89.5
93.0
91.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
5515
54.5


404
4.8

0.0733
252.7


Car SUV
Other
2017
17
0.009
122.1
87.8
91.8
90.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5738
54.8


758
4.0

0.1323
258.7


Car SUV
Other
2018
-
0.009
120.2
71.7
73.1
72.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
5831
54.8


758
4.0

0.1301
211.4


Van
4
1975
2
0.004
20.6
16.2
19.6
17.5
549.1
452.4
506.4
3498


118
78

0.656
0.0224
30.7


Van
4
1976
2
0.003
19.9
15.1
20.1
17.0
587.4
440.4
522.5
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
29.8


Van
4
1977
2
0.004
22.2
17.2
21.5
18.9
515.5
412.7
469.7
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
33.1


Van
4
1978
3
0.004
20.0
15.7
19.1
17.0
567.6
464.0
521.3
3500


120
67
20.9
0.558
0.0191
29.8


Van
4
1979
8
0.018
18.7
14.8
17.6
16.0
599.0
501.6
557.1
3500


120
67
22.3
0.558
0.0191
28.0


Van
4
1980
16
0.065
19.0
14.7
18.6
16.2
604.0
475.7
547.3
3619


120
67
23.2
0.558
0.0186
29.4


Van
4
1981
11
0.046
18.5
14.6
17.4
15.8
606.2
509.8
563.4
3644


120
67
23.2
0.558
0.0185
28.7


Van
4
1982
15
0.048
21.7
17.7
19.4
18.4
494.7
474.9
502.0
3668


111
61
26.7
0.550
0.0168
35.6


Van
4
1983
14
0.037
19.7
15.6
18.4
16.8
555.5
479.3
533.0
3567


118
69
22.2
0.583
0.0194
30.3


Van
4
1984
217
0.321
24.7
19.7
22.8
21.0
445.9
384.9
424.0
3380


136
94
17.4
0.694
0.0281
35.7


Van
4
1985
341
0.399
24.0
19.2
22.1
20.4
460.0
398.9
435.9
3409


142
97
17.0
0.690
0.0287
34.9


Van
4
1986
354
0.339
24.7
19.6
22.9
20.9
451.7
385.5
424.2
3425


146
99
16.1
0.681
0.0290
36.0


Van
4
1987
268
0.241
24.6
19.3
22.7
20.7
457.4
386.6
428.3
3401


143
100
16.1
0.702
0.0296
35.4


Van
4
1988
143
0.127
25.3
19.8
23.2
21.3
446.8
379.5
417.8
3464


145
98
16.8
0.678
0.0283
37.0


Van
4
1989
224
0.176
24.7
19.2
22.6
20.7
461.0
391.3
429.2
3505


149
110
15.4
0.743
0.0316
36.3


Van
4
1990
102
0.080
25.5
19.5
23.6
21.3
453.5
373.0
417.4
3544


149
109
14.5
0.736
0.0310
37.9


Van
4
1991
146
0.141
23.9
18.2
22.2
19.9
486.7
397.9
445.6
3791


148
120
14.3
0.814
0.0316
37.8


Van
4
1992
141
0.116
25.0
18.8
23.2
20.7
469.3
380.3
428.8
3588


145
117
13.7
0.812
0.0325
37.2


Van
4
1993
92
0.064
24.6
18.3
23.1
20.4
482.5
378.4
435.7
3638


147
118
12.9
0.809
0.0324
37.2


Van
4
1994
66
0.046
24.7
18.3
23.0
20.4
482.0
383.9
435.3
3604


149
116
12.9
0.782
0.0322
36.8


Van
4
1995
88
0.053
25.1
18.6
22.9
20.6
476.1
386.6
432.1
3621


143
131
12.4
0.921
0.0360
37.2


Van
4
1996
66
0.047
24.8
18.2
22.9
20.3
485.2
383.8
437.1
3817


142
149
12.0
1.050
0.0392
38.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-21	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Car SUV
Other
1991
















Car SUV
Other
1992
















Car SUV
Other
1993
















Car SUV
Other
1994
















Car SUV
Other
1995
















Car SUV
Other
1996
















Car SUV
Other
1997
















Car SUV
Other
1998
















Car SUV
Other
1999
















Car SUV
Other
2000
















Car SUV
Other
2001
















Car SUV
Other
2002
















Car SUV
Other
2003
















Car SUV
Other
2004
















Car SUV
Other
2005
















Car SUV
Other
2006
















Car SUV
Other
2007
















Car SUV
Other
2008
















Car SUV
Other
2009
















Car SUV
Other
2010
















Car SUV
Other
2011
















Car SUV
Other
2012
100.0%




2.4%
97.6%









Car SUV
Other
2013
100.0%




4.2%
95.8%









Car SUV
Other
2014
100.0%




3.9%
96.1%









Car SUV
Other
2015
100.0%



100.0%











Car SUV
Other
2016
0.3%
99.7%


100.0%











Car SUV
Other
2017
0.4%
99.6%


100.0%
0.0%










Car SUV
Other
2018
0.7%
99.3%


99.3%
0.7%










Van
4
1975


100.0%
43.3%
56.7%



38.9%


61.1%




Van
4
1976


100.0%
84.8%
15.2%






100.0%




Van
4
1977


100.0%
89.9%
10.1%






100.0%




Van
4
1978


100.0%
85.0%
15.0%






100.0%




Van
4
1979


100.0%
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%




Van
4
1980


100.0%
82.9%
17.1%






100.0%




Van
4
1981


100.0%
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%




Van
4
1982


100.0%
89.0%
11.0%






61.7%
38.3%



Van
4
1983
4.2%

95.8%
76.9%
23.1%






93.6%
6.4%



Van
4
1984
69.5%

30.5%
30.2%
50.7%
19.1%

0.0%
68.6%

20.7%
9.8%
0.9%



Van
4
1985
76.0%
0.9%
23.1%
19.9%
64.9%
15.3%


76.9%

15.8%
7.4%




Van
4
1986
72.0%
3.8%
24.2%
17.8%
62.3%
19.9%


75.8%

21.8%
2.4%




Van
4
1987
59.8%
8.0%
32.2%
19.1%
47.6%
32.5%

0.9%
58.7%

31.1%
10.3%




Van
4
1988
67.7%
6.2%
26.1%
18.1%
54.1%
27.8%




31.6%
68.4%




Van
4
1989
83.9%
3.4%
12.7%
9.5%
76.2%
14.2%

0.1%


46.0%
54.0%




Van
4
1990
80.2%
6.9%
13.0%
17.3%
12.1%
70.3%

0.3%


44.7%
55.3%




Van
4
1991
34.0%
11.2%
54.8%
7.6%
1.8%
90.6%




70.4%
29.6%




Van
4
1992
61.9%
9.4%
28.7%
11.9%

88.1%




62.0%
38.0%




Van
4
1993
59.8%
4.7%
35.5%
9.8%

90.2%




53.1%
46.9%




Van
4
1994
66.7%
10.1%
23.3%
7.8%

92.2%




44.2%
55.8%

37.1%


Van
4
1995
71.1%
10.6%
18.3%
1.3%

98.7%




67.4%
32.6%

67.4%


Van
4
1996
87.7%
1.8%
10.6%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-22	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Van
4
1997
67
0.053
24.9
18.1
22.9
20.3
489.4
388.0
436.9
3831


142
144
12.3
1.008
0.0375
39.0


Van
4
1998
140
0.094
25.2
17.8
24.0
20.6
498.4
369.0
430.7
3941


165
173
11.1
1.047
0.0439
40.7


Van
4
1999
132
0.090
24.8
17.4
23.5
20.2
510.1
378.2
439.9
3999


166
171
11.5
1.027
0.0428
40.4


Van
4
2000
62
0.037
26.0
18.2
24.4
21.1
489.3
364.8
422.0
4000


148
150
12.2
1.014
0.0375
42.1


Van
4
2001
29
0.023
25.4
18.0
22.9
20.4
493.9
387.7
435.7
4000


148
150
12.0
1.014
0.0375
40.8


Van
4
2002
38
0.031
25.6
17.6
24.2
20.7
505.7
366.9
429.2
4000


148
150
11.9
1.014
0.0375
41.4


Van
4
2003
21
0.017
26.9
18.4
25.1
21.6
482.9
354.7
411.3
4000


148
150
11.7
1.014
0.0375
43.2


Van
4
2004
6
0.006
25.9
17.5
24.2
20.8
507.0
367.4
428.2
4000


148
150
11.7
1.014
0.0375
41.5


Van
4
2005
20
0.014
25.9
17.4
24.1
20.7
510.2
368.9
429.7
4000


148
150
11.7
1.014
0.0375
41.4


Van
4
2006
18
0.015
25.9
17.4
24.1
20.7
510.2
368.9
429.7
4000


148
150
11.8
1.014
0.0375
41.4


Van
4
2007
8
0.010
25.9
17.4
24.3
20.8
510.2
366.3
428.2
4000


148
150
11.9
1.014
0.0375
41.5


Van
4
2008
16
0.021
30.7
20.9
27.3
24.1
425.7
325.9
368.8
3500
45.3

140
153
10.6
1.093
0.0437
42.2


Van
4
2009
22
0.060
30.3
20.7
26.8
23.8
429.4
331.7
373.7
3500
45.3

140
153
10.4
1.093
0.0437
41.6


Van
4
2010
57
0.102
30.5
21.4
25.7
23.6
415.3
345.6
376.0
3500
46.9

128
145
11.2
1.128
0.0413
41.4


Van
4
2011
36
0.068
30.0
20.5
25.2
23.0
433.1
351.8
387.2
3709
49.8

131
150
11.3
1.147
0.0403
42.5


Van
4
2012
76
0.115
31.1
20.9
26.8
23.9
424.0
331.5
371.8
3593
47.5

139
150
11.0
1.081
0.0417
42.9


Van
4
2013
63
0.110
31.1
21.2
26.7
24.0
418.9
332.7
370.2
3503
47.4

129
140
11.4
1.091
0.0401
42.1


Van
4
2014
56
0.084
31.3
21.1
27.2
24.2
419.7
325.9
367.2
3759
49.1

145
159
10.4
1.102
0.0423
45.5


Van
4
2015
106
0.161
32.4
21.9
27.3
24.7
403.5
325.0
360.0
3684
49.3

139
155
10.4
1.119
0.0420
45.4


Van
4
2016
80
0.127
30.5
20.5
26.8
23.7
430.7
330.7
375.0
3892
51.3

143
170
9.9
1.210
0.0439
46.0


Van
4
2017
84
0.136
31.7
21.5
27.0
24.3
410.3
328.8
365.8
3745
50.3

138
159
10.2
1.148
0.0423
45.4


Van
4
2018
-
0.169
31.6
21.4
26.7
24.1
412.3
332.5
368.6
3749
50.5

138
163
10.0
1.187
0.0435
45.1


Van
5
1975




















Van
5
1976




















Van
5
1977




















Van
5
1978




















Van
5
1979




















Van
5
1980




















Van
5
1981




















Van
5
1982




















Van
5
1983




















Van
5
1984




















Van
5
1985




















Van
5
1986




















Van
5
1987




















Van
5
1988




















Van
5
1989




















Van
5
1990




















Van
5
1991




















Van
5
1992




















Van
5
1993
11
0.007
21.0
16.0
19.0
17.4
554.5
467.0
511.5
4157


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0263
36.1


Van
5
1994
0
0.000
20.1
15.1
18.6
16.6
589.2
478.2
533.9
4260


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0257
35.4


Van
5
1995
2
0.001
19.6
14.8
17.5
16.1
602.1
506.5
553.0
5000


150
109
16.5
0.727
0.0218
40.2


Van
5
1996




















Van
5
1997




















Van
5
1998




















Van
5
1999




















Van
5
2000




















Van
5
2001




















Van
5
2002




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-23	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
4
1997
92.7%
2.0%
5.3%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
1998
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
1999
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
52.7%

Van
4
2000
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2001
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2002
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2003
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2004
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2005
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2006
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2007
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Van
4
2008
100.0%


4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2009
100.0%


4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2010
100.0%


2.4%

97.6%




100.0%


100.0%
35.3%

Van
4
2011
100.0%




100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
20.9%

Van
4
2012
100.0%


1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


100.0%
52.0%

Van
4
2013
100.0%


0.9%

90.1%
9.0%



100.0%


100.0%
31.9%

Van
4
2014
100.0%


0.6%

80.7%
18.7%


3.0%
97.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2015
100.0%




61.9%
38.1%


2.9%
97.1%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2016
89.3%

10.7%


87.3%
12.7%


13.8%
86.2%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2017
93.6%

6.4%


63.9%
36.1%


6.4%
93.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
4
2018
90.7%

9.3%


65.7%
34.3%


9.3%
90.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
5
1975
















Van
5
1976
















Van
5
1977
















Van
5
1978
















Van
5
1979
















Van
5
1980
















Van
5
1981
















Van
5
1982
















Van
5
1983
















Van
5
1984
















Van
5
1985
















Van
5
1986
















Van
5
1987
















Van
5
1988
















Van
5
1989
















Van
5
1990
















Van
5
1991
















Van
5
1992
















Van
5
1993
100.0%


35.7%

64.3%




100.0%





Van
5
1994
100.0%


48.0%

52.0%




100.0%





Van
5
1995
100.0%


43.8%

56.2%




100.0%





Van
5
1996
















Van
5
1997
















Van
5
1998
















Van
5
1999
















Van
5
2000
















Van
5
2001
















Van
5
2002
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-24	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Van
5
2003




















Van
5
2004




















Van
5
2005




















Van
5
2006




















Van
5
2007




















Van
5
2008




















Van
5
2009




















Van
5
2010




















Van
5
2011




















Van
5
2012




















Van
5
2013




















Van
5
2014




















Van
5
2015




















Van
5
2016




















Van
5
2017




















Van
5
2018




















Van
6
1975
117
0.256
16.3
13.0
14.9
13.8
674.4
582.6
643.3
3967


271
102

0.380
0.0257
27.8


Van
6
1976
128
0.255
17.4
14.1
15.6
14.7
625.9
557.3
602.7
4023


271
102

0.380
0.0253
29.9


Van
6
1977
107
0.208
18.0
14.7
16.1
15.3
602.5
549.1
581.6
4039


278
113

0.408
0.0280
30.9


Van
6
1978
152
0.244
17.2
14.1
15.3
14.6
627.8
572.6
609.6
4086


280
120
15.3
0.430
0.0293
30.0


Van
6
1979
96
0.200
16.6
13.6
14.7
14.1
645.5
592.3
632.1
4233


263
121
16.4
0.465
0.0287
30.1


Van
6
1980
114
0.473
18.4
14.7
16.9
15.6
601.7
521.3
569.3
4183


266
118
16.9
0.449
0.0284
32.7


Van
6
1981
120
0.488
18.7
15.0
17.1
15.9
589.5
515.6
560.0
4191


268
117
17.1
0.438
0.0279
33.3


Van
6
1982
121
0.389
18.7
15.0
17.3
15.9
588.4
510.5
557.5
4181


266
111
18.8
0.419
0.0266
33.4


Van
6
1983
118
0.307
18.9
15.1
17.4
16.1
585.5
504.5
553.1
4206


265
110
17.3
0.418
0.0263
33.9


Van
6
1984
144
0.214
18.6
14.7
17.4
15.8
599.3
504.8
561.4
4118


272
112
16.9
0.413
0.0273
32.8


Van
6
1985
182
0.213
20.6
16.2
19.6
17.6
546.4
443.8
505.9
4002


270
136
14.5
0.509
0.0343
35.4


Van
6
1986
391
0.374
20.9
16.1
20.1
17.7
549.5
437.0
501.2
4049


237
132
14.3
0.574
0.0327
36.0


Van
6
1987
567
0.509
21.8
16.8
21.0
18.5
526.0
419.1
480.3
3931


219
149
13.2
0.703
0.0381
36.4


Van
6
1988
735
0.649
22.2
16.8
21.6
18.8
525.9
408.4
473.4
3940


213
149
13.4
0.722
0.0380
37.0


Van
6
1989
777
0.608
22.1
16.7
21.4
18.6
530.5
412.0
477.0
3993


212
146
13.1
0.713
0.0367
37.3


Van
6
1990
935
0.741
22.2
16.6
21.4
18.6
531.7
411.7
477.6
4011


208
144
12.5
0.705
0.0360
37.4


Van
6
1991
742
0.718
22.0
16.5
21.1
18.4
536.8
417.7
481.7
4084


212
147
12.6
0.706
0.0360
37.8


Van
6
1992
902
0.739
22.1
16.4
21.2
18.5
539.2
416.1
481.1
4118


213
149
12.3
0.711
0.0362
38.1


Van
6
1993
1174
0.815
22.5
16.5
21.7
18.7
537.2
407.2
475.3
4047


208
152
11.2
0.742
0.0377
37.8


Van
6
1994
1161
0.818
22.2
16.2
21.2
18.4
543.7
414.6
482.0
4085


213
154
11.1
0.734
0.0378
37.7


Van
6
1995
1375
0.828
22.5
16.2
21.7
18.6
546.2
405.5
477.7
4050


222
155
11.3
0.711
0.0384
37.7


Van
6
1996
1230
0.873
22.7
16.2
21.9
18.7
544.5
402.8
474.5
4148


214
167
11.4
0.788
0.0405
38.9


Van
6
1997
1069
0.845
22.5
16.0
21.6
18.5
552.2
407.6
479.2
4178


213
169
11.3
0.800
0.0406
38.8


Van
6
1998
1250
0.839
23.0
16.2
22.2
18.9
547.5
397.4
470.2
4136


215
177
11.2
0.826
0.0428
39.1


Van
6
1999
1200
0.820
22.7
15.8
21.9
18.6
558.7
402.2
478.1
4254


218
178
11.2
0.822
0.0420
39.6


Van
6
2000
1523
0.901
23.1
16.1
22.2
18.9
551.0
397.3
470.5
4235


212
180
10.6
0.860
0.0427
40.1


Van
6
2001
961
0.780
23.6
16.3
22.5
19.2
542.6
391.3
463.0
4310


210
192
10.2
0.920
0.0446
41.5


Van
6
2002
1141
0.917
23.4
16.1
22.2
19.0
549.2
395.5
468.2
4368


214
199
10.1
0.936
0.0456
41.6


Van
6
2003
1148
0.932
23.8
16.2
22.6
19.2
545.0
389.6
461.8
4345


215
199
10.0
0.933
0.0459
41.9


Van
6
2004
907
0.951
23.9
16.1
23.0
19.4
549.7
384.5
459.0
4448


215
212
9.6
0.994
0.0478
43.2


Van
6
2005
1425
0.963
24.1
16.1
22.9
19.4
548.3
385.8
457.9
4413


214
209
9.7
0.979
0.0473
42.9


Van
6
2006
1103
0.946
24.5
16.3
23.4
19.7
542.3
378.3
450.2
4451


214
211
9.7
0.989
0.0473
44.0


Van
6
2007
820
0.967
24.3
16.2
23.2
19.6
547.7
381.9
454.5
4471


219
226
9.4
1.038
0.0505
43.8


Van
6
2008
764
0.967
24.6
16.4
23.5
19.8
540.3
376.6
448.1
4533
54.2

220
221
9.6
1.009
0.0488
45.0


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-25	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
5
2003
















Van
5
2004
















Van
5
2005
















Van
5
2006
















Van
5
2007
















Van
5
2008
















Van
5
2009
















Van
5
2010
















Van
5
2011
















Van
5
2012
















Van
5
2013
















Van
5
2014
















Van
5
2015
















Van
5
2016
















Van
5
2017
















Van
5
2018
















Van
6
1975


100.0%
16.8%
83.2%



100.0%







Van
6
1976


100.0%
21.7%
78.3%



100.0%







Van
6
1977


100.0%
15.5%
84.5%



100.0%







Van
6
1978


100.0%
14.0%
86.0%



100.0%







Van
6
1979


100.0%
43.1%
47.7%
9.2%


100.0%







Van
6
1980


100.0%
40.3%
26.7%
33.0%


100.0%







Van
6
1981


100.0%
34.6%
30.3%
35.1%


100.0%







Van
6
1982


100.0%
27.5%
34.2%
38.3%


100.0%







Van
6
1983


100.0%
26.6%
32.6%
40.8%


100.0%







Van
6
1984


100.0%
22.2%
33.4%
44.4%


100.0%







Van
6
1985


100.0%
CO
20.6%
71.0%


100.0%







Van
6
1986


100.0%
6.3%
16.9%
76.7%


39.2%

19.1%
41.2%
0.5%



Van
6
1987
25.9%

74.1%
3.5%
9.8%
86.7%


3.1%

63.4%
33.6%




Van
6
1988
42.7%

57.3%
2.2%
7.1%
90.7%




70.2%
29.8%




Van
6
1989
32.2%
0.2%
67.5%
2.1%
6.1%
91.8%




71.0%
29.0%




Van
6
1990
54.4%
8.1%
37.4%
0.6%
3.5%
96.0%




66.6%
33.4%




Van
6
1991
46.5%
13.0%
40.5%
0.4%
2.2%
97.4%




68.2%
31.8%




Van
6
1992
51.7%
6.0%
42.3%
0.3%
1.6%
98.1%




76.9%
23.1%




Van
6
1993
55.5%
5.2%
39.3%
0.3%
1.7%
97.9%




84.9%
15.1%




Van
6
1994
60.1%
7.3%
32.6%
0.1%
1.6%
98.3%




85.9%
14.1%

2.2%


Van
6
1995
69.4%
10.3%
20.3%

1.4%
98.6%




94.6%
5.4%

1.2%


Van
6
1996
79.8%
2.6%
17.6%

1.3%
98.7%




100.0%


1.2%


Van
6
1997
70.9%
5.4%
23.7%


100.0%




100.0%


1.2%


Van
6
1998
82.2%
3.9%
14.0%


100.0%




100.0%


1.2%


Van
6
1999
81.7%
3.3%
15.0%


100.0%




100.0%


4.2%
4.2%

Van
6
2000
85.5%
3.0%
11.5%


100.0%




100.0%


20.0%
16.7%

Van
6
2001
85.9%
3.2%
10.9%


100.0%




100.0%


25.9%
21.8%

Van
6
2002
88.6%
3.3%
8.1%


100.0%




100.0%


27.6%
22.7%

Van
6
2003
87.9%
4.8%
7.3%


100.0%




100.0%


25.9%
21.0%

Van
6
2004
90.4%
4.7%
5.0%


100.0%




100.0%


54.3%
48.5%

Van
6
2005
91.2%
5.4%
3.4%


94.7%
5.3%



100.0%


38.0%
26.0%

Van
6
2006
93.3%
4.4%
2.3%


95.0%
5.0%



100.0%


47.8%
38.5%

Van
6
2007
94.9%
2.5%
2.6%


95.4%
4.6%



100.0%


53.8%
50.4%

Van
6
2008
93.9%
3.7%
2.4%


100.0%




100.0%


52.5%
47.6%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-26	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Van
6
2009
340
0.925
24.8
16.6
23.7
20.0
535.7
373.8
444.5
4623
55.0

218
224
9.4
1.031
0.0484
46.3


Van
6
2010
496
0.886
24.6
16.4
23.7
19.9
541.3
374.8
447.2
4635
54.9

223
219
9.5
0.988
0.0472
46.2


Van
6
2011
475
0.911
26.3
17.6
24.8
21.0
505.1
357.7
422.3
4528
55.7

215
266
8.2
1.237
0.0589
47.7


Van
6
2012
573
0.865
26.5
17.5
25.1
21.2
505.8
352.3
419.3
4522
55.5

217
267
8.1
1.235
0.0592
48.0


Van
6
2013
498
0.872
26.1
17.3
24.9
20.9
512.7
356.1
424.4
4646
55.5

217
271
8.2
1.251
0.0585
48.7


Van
6
2014
604
0.899
26.5
17.6
25.1
21.2
502.7
352.7
418.7
4529
55.5

217
269
8.1
1.241
0.0595
48.2


Van
6
2015
547
0.835
26.7
17.8
25.2
21.4
498.3
351.8
416.1
4547
55.6

214
268
8.1
1.252
0.0591
48.6


Van
6
2016
549
0.871
26.8
17.8
25.3
21.4
498.0
349.6
415.0
4539
55.7

215
269
8.1
1.251
0.0593
48.7


Van
6
2017
532
0.862
27.6
18.0
26.4
22.0
478.5
334.3
404.0
4617
56.5

216
285
7.5
1.320
0.0618
51.4


Van
6
2018
-
0.831
28.5
18.8
26.9
22.7
388.5
322.0
389.3
4635
56.0

214
282
7.4
1.317
0.0611
54.2


Van
8
1975
339
0.741
12.2
9.9
11.1
10.4
887.2
782.4
855.8
4278


334
158

0.470
0.0370
22.5


Van
8
1976
373
0.742
12.9
10.3
12.0
11.0
858.5
730.0
807.2
4263


342
161

0.470
0.0380
23.6


Van
8
1977
405
0.788
14.0
11.4
12.7
11.9
774.4
690.8
745.5
4313


347
163

0.471
0.0380
25.8


Van
8
1978
470
0.752
13.5
11.0
12.0
11.4
797.1
727.4
777.7
4307


346
159
12.7
0.460
0.0371
24.8


Van
8
1979
376
0.782
12.9
10.5
11.4
10.9
830.4
765.4
815.0
4643


342
152
15.1
0.445
0.0328
25.6


Van
8
1980
112
0.462
14.9
11.9
13.7
12.7
738.5
640.0
701.0
4630


334
152
15.2
0.456
0.0330
29.4


Van
8
1981
114
0.466
16.3
13.0
15.0
13.8
676.8
586.9
642.9
4530


317
148
15.3
0.469
0.0328
31.5


Van
8
1982
175
0.563
16.2
13.0
14.8
13.8
677.8
593.1
645.7
4511


316
153
16.0
0.486
0.0340
31.3


Van
8
1983
251
0.656
17.1
13.6
16.0
14.6
652.2
549.3
614.5
4560


318
152
14.5
0.481
0.0335
33.9


Van
8
1984
315
0.465
16.4
13.0
15.5
14.0
679.1
564.3
636.4
4534


317
154
14.3
0.487
0.0341
32.2


Van
8
1985
332
0.389
15.9
12.6
14.7
13.5
699.9
597.5
658.6
4542


314
158
14.0
0.501
0.0348
30.9


Van
8
1986
300
0.287
16.9
13.4
15.8
14.4
662.0
558.9
619.0
4607


312
155
13.6
0.497
0.0338
33.2


Van
8
1987
280
0.251
16.9
13.1
16.0
14.3
675.3
551.8
621.8
4603


319
167
13.2
0.521
0.0363
33.0


Van
8
1988
255
0.225
17.2
13.2
16.4
14.6
668.4
535.8
610.6
4708


323
168
13.5
0.520
0.0359
34.4


Van
8
1989
276
0.216
17.0
12.9
16.3
14.3
683.8
540.1
619.6
4689


326
174
12.7
0.533
0.0374
33.8


Van
8
1990
226
0.179
17.1
12.9
16.4
14.4
688.1
538.0
619.1
4692


332
187
11.3
0.560
0.0400
33.8


Van
8
1991
146
0.141
17.1
12.7
16.5
14.3
695.3
537.2
621.1
4724


331
186
11.4
0.560
0.0397
33.9


Van
8
1992
178
0.146
17.0
12.7
16.3
14.2
698.4
541.1
624.2
4769


332
196
10.9
0.590
0.0416
34.1


Van
8
1993
164
0.114
17.5
12.8
16.9
14.6
688.8
523.7
609.3
4784


334
202
9.9
0.606
0.0425
34.9


Van
8
1994
191
0.135
17.2
12.6
16.6
14.4
702.8
532.7
618.4
4777


332
207
9.7
0.626
0.0437
34.3


Van
8
1995
197
0.119
17.4
12.7
16.7
14.5
697.7
531.3
614.5
4734


336
199
10.1
0.594
0.0423
34.3


Van
8
1996
113
0.080
17.2
12.4
16.6
14.3
712.0
534.5
622.0
4930


333
219
10.2
0.660
0.0447
35.3


Van
8
1997
130
0.102
18.0
12.9
17.3
14.9
683.8
511.5
596.1
4963


322
228
10.0
0.709
0.0461
37.1


Van
8
1998
100
0.067
17.9
12.7
17.3
14.8
698.7
512.1
601.5
5107


322
231
10.3
0.720
0.0454
37.8


Van
8
1999
131
0.090
17.8
12.5
17.2
14.6
707.7
517.7
606.7
5099


322
233
10.2
0.726
0.0458
37.3


Van
8
2000
106
0.063
17.7
12.5
16.9
14.5
707.7
524.9
610.8
5024


322
237
9.6
0.738
0.0473
36.6


Van
8
2001
243
0.197
17.6
12.3
16.9
14.4
719.1
522.8
616.1
5405


313
248
9.6
0.795
0.0460
39.0


Van
8
2002
64
0.052
17.4
12.3
16.1
14.2
717.3
546.5
626.7
5078


321
241
9.5
0.753
0.0476
36.2


Van
8
2003
64
0.052
18.3
12.9
16.7
14.8
686.1
530.3
601.7
5399


320
261
9.3
0.819
0.0485
40.0


Van
8
2004
40
0.042
19.1
13.3
17.5
15.4
665.1
506.6
577.0
5446


307
259
9.5
0.843
0.0476
42.0


Van
8
2005
35
0.024
19.0
13.2
17.4
15.3
674.1
510.2
581.8
5366


303
256
9.4
0.844
0.0478
41.0


Van
8
2006
46
0.039
19.0
13.2
17.3
15.3
673.2
513.1
582.7
5257


295
248
9.6
0.839
0.0472
40.1


Van
8
2007
19
0.023
21.1
14.4
19.7
17.0
608.0
438.6
522.7
5054


270
244
9.8
0.902
0.0478
42.9


Van
8
2008
10
0.012
18.4
12.9
16.5
14.8
685.8
537.0
602.3
5751
63.5

325
306
9.0
0.941
0.0532
42.4


Van
8
2009
5
0.015
17.8
12.5
15.9
14.2
710.9
559.1
624.4
5758
61.0

325
301
8.9
0.926
0.0524
41.0


Van
8
2010
7
0.012
18.4
12.9
16.7
14.8
691.4
530.8
600.0
5783
63.5

323
301
9.0
0.932
0.0521
42.8


Van
8
2011
11
0.021
17.5
12.3
16.1
14.2
717.8
546.0
625.7
5938
64.4

318
281
9.6
0.882
0.0474
42.4


Van
8
2012
13
0.019
17.6
12.3
16.3
14.3
718.1
541.6
621.9
5863
63.9

314
282
10.0
0.896
0.0484
42.0


Van
8
2013
10
0.018
17.6
12.3
16.1
14.2
716.1
546.9
624.4
5921
64.6

319
289
9.4
0.905
0.0491
42.3


Van
8
2014
11
0.017
17.7
12.4
16.3
14.3
714.0
542.5
620.2
5968
64.4

323
296
9.3
0.917
0.0499
42.9


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-27	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
6
2009
95.2%
2.0%
2.8%


100.0%




100.0%


57.1%
44.4%

Van
6
2010
97.1%
1.2%
1.7%


100.0%




100.0%


46.9%
37.1%

Van
6
2011
92.9%
5.6%
1.5%


96.6%
3.4%



100.0%


98.5%
98.5%

Van
6
2012
94.6%
3.0%
2.4%


96.3%
3.7%



100.0%


97.6%
97.6%

Van
6
2013
94.1%
4.0%
1.9%


97.7%
2.3%



100.0%


98.1%
98.1%

Van
6
2014
94.5%
3.5%
2.0%


98.6%
1.4%



100.0%


98.0%
98.0%

Van
6
2015
93.4%
5.5%
1.1%


97.6%
2.4%


5.3%
94.7%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6
2016
95.8%
2.7%
1.4%


98.6%
1.4%


9.4%
90.6%


100.0%
100.0%

Van
6
2017
92.6%
6.2%
1.2%


98.4%
1.6%


7.0%
93.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.6%
Van
6
2018
94.5%
4.4%
1.1%


96.2%
3.8%


44.1%
55.9%


100.0%
100.0%
3.8%
Van
8
1975


100.0%
25.5%
74.5%



100.0%







Van
8
1976


100.0%
19.9%
80.1%



100.0%







Van
8
1977


100.0%
13.6%
86.4%



100.0%







Van
8
1978


100.0%
12.3%
87.7%



100.0%







Van
8
1979


100.0%
6.1%
87.6%
6.3%


100.0%







Van
8
1980


100.0%
3.3%
46.1%
50.6%


100.0%







Van
8
1981
0.7%

99.3%
2.8%
33.9%
63.3%


100.0%







Van
8
1982


100.0%
1.4%
43.7%
54.9%


100.0%







Van
8
1983


100.0%
1.6%
27.1%
71.3%


93.5%



6.5%



Van
8
1984


100.0%
2.2%
33.4%
64.4%


98.0%



2.0%



Van
8
1985
0.1%

99.9%
0.7%
31.9%
67.4%


99.1%

0.1%

0.8%



Van
8
1986
0.1%

99.9%
0.4%
13.8%
85.7%


73.8%

25.5%
0.1%
0.6%



Van
8
1987


100.0%
0.2%
37.1%
62.6%


32.8%

24.4%
42.5%
0.3%



Van
8
1988


100.0%
0.1%
27.4%
72.5%


1.0%

32.8%
65.7%
0.5%



Van
8
1989


100.0%
0.1%
15.9%
84.1%




31.5%
68.1%
0.3%



Van
8
1990


100.0%

6.5%
93.5%




28.8%
70.8%
0.4%



Van
8
1991


100.0%

2.0%
98.0%




31.7%
67.8%
0.5%



Van
8
1992


100.0%

5.5%
94.5%




53.9%
45.7%
0.4%



Van
8
1993

0.3%
99.7%

2.2%
97.8%




50.5%
49.5%




Van
8
1994


100.0%

5.9%
94.1%




65.7%
34.3%




Van
8
1995


100.0%

3.9%
96.1%




45.7%
54.3%




Van
8
1996


100.0%

5.8%
94.2%




100.0%





Van
8
1997


100.0%

4.2%
95.8%




100.0%





Van
8
1998


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
1999


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2000


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2001

31.2%
68.8%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2002


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2003

11.3%
88.7%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2004

10.8%
89.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2005

11.0%
89.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2006

8.8%
91.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2007
44.5%
20.3%
35.2%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2008

40.7%
59.3%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2009

45.9%
54.1%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
8
2010

46.9%
53.1%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
8
2011

28.0%
72.0%


100.0%




100.0%


4.6%
64.5%

Van
8
2012

25.5%
74.5%


100.0%




100.0%



61.4%

Van
8
2013

33.6%
66.4%


100.0%




100.0%



70.8%

Van
8
2014

37.5%
62.5%


100.0%




100.0%



78.9%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-28	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Van
8
2015
2
0.004
16.2
10.9
16.1
13.4
812.6
549.6
663.5
6662
65.2

321
297
9.2
0.929
0.0445
44.6


Van
8
2016
1
0.001
15.8
10.7
15.9
13.1
832.3
558.2
676.2
6647
64.8

366
324
8.6
0.885
0.0488
43.7


Van
8
2017
1
0.002
15.4
10.3
15.4
12.7
861.6
576.8
699.4
6669
66.0

366
324
8.6
0.885
0.0486
42.4


Van
8
2018




















Van
Other
1975




















Van
Other
1976




















Van
Other
1977




















Van
Other
1978




















Van
Other
1979




















Van
Other
1980




















Van
Other
1981




















Van
Other
1982




















Van
Other
1983




















Van
Other
1984




















Van
Other
1985




















Van
Other
1986




















Van
Other
1987




















Van
Other
1988




















Van
Other
1989




















Van
Other
1990




















Van
Other
1991




















Van
Other
1992




















Van
Other
1993




















Van
Other
1994




















Van
Other
1995




















Van
Other
1996




















Van
Other
1997




















Van
Other
1998




















Van
Other
1999




















Van
Other
2000




















Van
Other
2001




















Van
Other
2002




















Van
Other
2003




















Van
Other
2004




















Van
Other
2005




















Van
Other
2006




















Van
Other
2007




















Van
Other
2008




















Van
Other
2009




















Van
Other
2010




















Van
Other
2011
0
0.000
14.2
10.0
13.2
11.6
886.9
670.0
764.4
6413
65.2

415
305
8.9
0.735
0.0478
37.2


Van
Other
2012
0
0.000
13.6
9.6
12.7
11.1
925.1
701.7
798.2
6500
65.2

415
305
9.0
0.735
0.0472
36.1


Van
Other
2013
0
0.000
13.2
9.4
12.4
10.9
948.1
719.3
817.7
6336
65.2

415
305
8.9
0.735
0.0484
34.4


Van
Other
2014
0
0.000
13.2
9.3
12.3
10.8
951.2
723.6
821.4
6354
65.2

415
305
8.9
0.735
0.0482
34.4


Van
Other
2015




















Van
Other
2016




















Van
Other
2017




















Van
Other
2018




















Truck SUV
4
1975




















Truck SUV
4
1976




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-29	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Van
8
2015


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
8
2016


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
8
2017


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Van
8
2018
















Van
Other
1975
















Van
Other
1976
















Van
Other
1977
















Van
Other
1978
















Van
Other
1979
















Van
Other
1980
















Van
Other
1981
















Van
Other
1982
















Van
Other
1983
















Van
Other
1984
















Van
Other
1985
















Van
Other
1986
















Van
Other
1987
















Van
Other
1988
















Van
Other
1989
















Van
Other
1990
















Van
Other
1991
















Van
Other
1992
















Van
Other
1993
















Van
Other
1994
















Van
Other
1995
















Van
Other
1996
















Van
Other
1997
















Van
Other
1998
















Van
Other
1999
















Van
Other
2000
















Van
Other
2001
















Van
Other
2002
















Van
Other
2003
















Van
Other
2004
















Van
Other
2005
















Van
Other
2006
















Van
Other
2007
















Van
Other
2008
















Van
Other
2009
















Van
Other
2010
















Van
Other
2011


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
Other
2012


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
Other
2013


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
Other
2014


100.0%


100.0%




100.0%





Van
Other
2015
















Van
Other
2016
















Van
Other
2017
















Van
Other
2018
















Truck SUV
4
1975
















Truck SUV
4
1976
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-30	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Truck SUV
4
1977




















Truck SUV
4
1978




















Truck SUV
4
1979
4
0.012
16.0
13.1
14.3
13.6
648.1
591.5
652.9
3621


168
69
21.4
0.473
0.0193
24.4


Truck SUV
4
1980
19
0.102
22.8
18.9
19.8
19.3
465.9
444.3
459.9
2893


137
81
17.9
0.624
0.0278
27.9


Truck SUV
4
1981
13
0.098
24.4
20.2
21.3
20.7
438.9
416.0
429.1
2941


145
81
17.4
0.573
0.0276
30.5


Truck SUV
4
1982
7
0.046
24.6
20.4
21.2
20.8
434.3
418.3
427.3
2650


113
68
20.9
0.642
0.0251
27.5


Truck SUV
4
1983
10
0.037
24.2
19.9
21.2
20.5
443.6
418.2
433.8
2747


105
70
19.4
0.697
0.0248
28.0


Truck SUV
4
1984
67
0.117
23.6
19.1
21.4
20.0
462.1
414.3
443.7
3149


139
89
16.9
0.644
0.0281
31.5


Truck SUV
4
1985
85
0.131
24.2
19.5
22.1
20.6
453.1
400.3
432.7
3329


138
94
16.7
0.683
0.0281
34.3


Truck SUV
4
1986
183
0.256
25.1
20.0
23.1
21.3
434.3
380.0
418.6
3355


131
97
15.1
0.746
0.0289
35.8


Truck SUV
4
1987
201
0.258
25.2
20.0
22.8
21.2
426.5
378.7
418.3
3121


126
95
15.0
0.758
0.0303
33.1


Truck SUV
4
1988
187
0.218
25.0
19.9
22.4
21.0
419.8
379.5
423.3
3118


121
94
15.5
0.775
0.0298
32.6


Truck SUV
4
1989
118
0.144
24.0
19.0
21.5
20.1
445.9
400.6
442.4
3216


131
103
14.2
0.792
0.0322
32.3


Truck SUV
4
1990
104
0.162
25.1
19.8
22.1
20.9
430.1
390.9
425.3
3072


123
99
13.3
0.813
0.0322
32.2


Truck SUV
4
1991
78
0.089
24.8
19.6
21.6
20.5
441.3
403.9
433.2
3205


121
101
13.8
0.835
0.0313
33.0


Truck SUV
4
1992
58
0.076
25.7
20.1
22.3
21.2
433.0
391.6
419.9
2945


121
103
12.8
0.855
0.0349
31.5


Truck SUV
4
1993
67
0.080
25.5
19.8
22.0
20.9
440.9
397.4
425.4
2973


122
106
11.8
0.869
0.0356
31.4


Truck SUV
4
1994
98
0.076
25.5
19.8
21.8
20.8
441.0
399.3
427.4
2940


119
101
12.2
0.850
0.0343
30.9


Truck SUV
4
1995
157
0.098
24.5
18.8
21.0
19.9
466.7
416.8
446.7
2987


128
112
11.6
0.879
0.0375
30.0


Truck SUV
4
1996
90
0.056
27.4
20.5
24.1
22.3
430.5
366.8
399.4
2996


110
109
12.6
0.993
0.0364
33.3


Truck SUV
4
1997
225
0.108
24.7
18.4
21.6
20.0
478.5
407.8
444.9
3439


135
126
12.1
0.945
0.0367
34.5


Truck SUV
4
1998
256
0.120
25.8
19.0
22.8
20.8
464.1
387.0
426.3
3444


131
132
12.2
1.011
0.0382
36.1


Truck SUV
4
1999
261
0.111
26.2
19.2
22.9
21.1
459.2
384.7
421.9
3499


132
141
11.8
1.076
0.0402
37.0


Truck SUV
4
2000
251
0.099
26.1
19.0
22.7
20.9
463.7
389.0
426.1
3512


130
139
11.4
1.083
0.0396
36.8


Truck SUV
4
2001
306
0.113
26.0
18.8
22.6
20.7
468.9
388.5
428.6
3508


136
148
10.8
1.106
0.0423
36.7


Truck SUV
4
2002
303
0.084
27.2
19.3
23.9
21.6
457.6
368.4
411.3
3526


140
153
10.7
1.098
0.0435
38.4


Truck SUV
4
2003
391
0.109
27.0
19.1
23.8
21.4
465.4
372.5
414.7
3595


143
156
10.6
1.092
0.0434
38.6


Truck SUV
4
2004
337
0.083
27.1
18.9
23.9
21.4
468.1
371.3
414.6
3599


146
162
10.3
1.106
0.0451
38.7


Truck SUV
4
2005
332
0.101
27.8
19.3
24.2
21.8
460.2
366.8
408.6
3633


145
160
10.3
1.102
0.0443
39.8


Truck SUV
4
2006
324
0.108
28.3
19.6
24.5
22.1
451.3
362.4
402.7
3700


145
160
10.4
1.100
0.0435
41.1


Truck SUV
4
2007
460
0.139
28.1
19.5
24.6
22.1
453.7
360.2
402.4
3845


144
174
10.1
1.208
0.0454
42.6


Truck SUV
4
2008
483
0.157
29.0
20.2
25.0
22.7
436.8
353.8
391.7
3834
43.9

144
171
10.2
1.188
0.0446
43.6


Truck SUV
4
2009
424
0.248
29.1
20.1
25.4
22.8
440.8
348.4
389.9
3811
44.0

146
174
9.8
1.194
0.0458
43.6


Truck SUV
4
2010
632
0.274
29.9
20.6
26.2
23.5
430.8
337.6
378.9
3822
44.3

149
177
9.8
1.194
0.0464
45.0


Truck SUV
4
2011
843
0.275
30.5
20.9
26.5
23.8
424.1
334.7
374.0
3854
44.6

147
177
9.8
1.205
0.0459
45.9


Truck SUV
4
2012
711
0.257
30.8
21.0
26.9
24.0
422.6
328.8
370.3
3810
44.8

148
180
9.7
1.227
0.0474
45.8


Truck SUV
4
2013
1126
0.340
32.0
21.6
28.1
24.9
408.9
315.8
357.2
3863
45.5

140
183
9.5
1.333
0.0475
48.2


Truck SUV
4
2014
1426
0.385
32.9
22.2
28.7
25.5
398.6
308.6
349.0
3820
45.2

141
182
9.5
1.317
0.0477
48.8


Truck SUV
4
2015
1855
0.395
33.7
22.7
29.3
26.0
387.8
302.0
341.4
3861
45.4

142
182
9.5
1.309
0.0472
50.6


Truck SUV
4
2016
2121
0.448
33.7
22.7
29.1
26.0
386.1
303.2
342.1
3921
45.8

140
189
9.2
1.373
0.0480
51.3


Truck SUV
4
2017
2306
0.427
33.7
22.8
29.5
26.2
383.5
298.5
339.4
3927
46.1

135
189
9.2
1.450
0.0480
51.8


Truck SUV
4
2018
-
0.506
34.1
23.1
29.0
26.1
379.0
304.1
340.0
3958
46.2

130
196
8.9
1.568
0.0494
52.0


Truck SUV
5
1975




















Truck SUV
5
1976




















Truck SUV
5
1977




















Truck SUV
5
1978




















Truck SUV
5
1979




















Truck SUV
5
1980




















Truck SUV
5
1981




















Truck SUV
5
1982




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-31	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
4
1977
















Truck SUV
4
1978
















Truck SUV
4
1979

100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1980

100.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1981

100.0%

98.0%
2.0%



100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1982

100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1983

100.0%

100.0%




100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1984

100.0%

72.0%
1.1%
26.9%


100.0%







Truck SUV
4
1985

100.0%

71.2%
1.1%
27.6%


68.1%

22.7%
7.8%
1.5%



Truck SUV
4
1986

100.0%

87.8%
0.5%
11.7%


59.5%

19.8%
17.9%
2.8%



Truck SUV
4
1987

100.0%

85.8%
7.5%
6.7%


64.1%

18.7%
17.1%
0.1%



Truck SUV
4
1988

100.0%

83.8%
4.0%
12.2%


54.3%

41.0%
4.7%




Truck SUV
4
1989

100.0%

71.4%

28.6%


7.2%

41.4%
51.4%




Truck SUV
4
1990

100.0%

82.7%

17.3%




35.0%
65.0%




Truck SUV
4
1991

100.0%

79.1%

20.9%




51.3%
48.7%




Truck SUV
4
1992

100.0%

81.7%

18.3%




56.7%
43.3%




Truck SUV
4
1993

100.0%

77.5%

22.5%




71.5%
28.5%




Truck SUV
4
1994

100.0%

69.1%

30.9%




55.5%
44.5%

12.2%


Truck SUV
4
1995

100.0%

71.4%

28.6%




87.3%
12.7%

3.4%


Truck SUV
4
1996

100.0%

40.6%

59.4%




100.0%


97.8%


Truck SUV
4
1997

94.3%
5.7%
43.0%

57.0%




100.0%


72.4%


Truck SUV
4
1998

93.6%
6.4%
32.3%

67.7%




100.0%


86.7%


Truck SUV
4
1999

94.5%
5.5%
27.2%

72.8%




100.0%


81.5%


Truck SUV
4
2000

93.5%
6.5%
22.7%

77.3%




100.0%


76.4%


Truck SUV
4
2001
3.2%
96.8%

16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


80.3%
19.4%

Truck SUV
4
2002
5.9%
93.9%
0.2%
14.7%

84.8%
0.5%



100.0%


85.5%
57.7%

Truck SUV
4
2003
11.4%
88.6%

10.0%

86.1%
3.9%



100.0%


92.0%
64.1%

Truck SUV
4
2004
12.2%
87.8%

10.4%

87.9%
1.7%



100.0%


100.0%
74.4%

Truck SUV
4
2005
12.0%
88.0%

8.6%

88.9%
2.5%



97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
70.3%
2.0%
Truck SUV
4
2006
11.2%
88.8%

7.4%

88.7%
3.9%



97.9%

2.1%
100.0%
72.2%
3.9%
Truck SUV
4
2007
16.1%
83.9%

4.1%

76.6%
19.3%



100.0%


100.0%
88.8%
1.6%
Truck SUV
4
2008
15.9%
84.1%

2.9%

66.9%
30.2%


2.7%
97.3%


100.0%
86.0%
3.1%
Truck SUV
4
2009
13.4%
85.8%
0.8%
3.2%

74.1%
22.7%


5.7%
94.3%


100.0%
77.9%
1.9%
Truck SUV
4
2010
10.1%
89.2%
0.7%
3.0%
2.7%
66.0%
28.3%


3.8%
96.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.9%
Truck SUV
4
2011
9.4%
90.2%
0.4%
1.8%

62.6%
35.7%


5.5%
94.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.5%
Truck SUV
4
2012
5.9%
94.1%

1.3%

66.8%
31.9%


7.2%
92.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
Truck SUV
4
2013
5.3%
94.7%

1.1%

72.9%
26.0%


31.1%
68.7%

0.2%
100.0%
99.8%
0.1%
Truck SUV
4
2014
3.7%
96.3%

1.2%

66.9%
31.9%


28.0%
71.7%

0.3%
100.0%
99.7%
1.1%
Truck SUV
4
2015
3.2%
96.8%

0.9%

52.1%
47.0%


38.5%
61.0%

0.5%
100.0%
99.7%
0.4%
Truck SUV
4
2016
5.0%
95.0%

0.8%

55.8%
43.4%


50.5%
49.4%

0.2%
100.0%
99.9%
2.3%
Truck SUV
4
2017
5.4%
94.6%

0.6%
0.5%
57.5%
41.4%


44.7%
55.2%

0.1%
100.0%
100.0%
2.8%
Truck SUV
4
2018
6.1%
93.9%

1.3%
0.5%
66.4%
31.9%


58.0%
41.1%

0.9%
100.0%
96.9%
5.8%
Truck SUV
5
1975
















Truck SUV
5
1976
















Truck SUV
5
1977
















Truck SUV
5
1978
















Truck SUV
5
1979
















Truck SUV
5
1980
















Truck SUV
5
1981
















Truck SUV
5
1982
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-32	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Truck SUV
5
1983




















Truck SUV
5
1984




















Truck SUV
5
1985




















Truck SUV
5
1986




















Truck SUV
5
1987




















Truck SUV
5
1988




















Truck SUV
5
1989




















Truck SUV
5
1990




















Truck SUV
5
1991




















Truck SUV
5
1992




















Truck SUV
5
1993




















Truck SUV
5
1994




















Truck SUV
5
1995




















Truck SUV
5
1996




















Truck SUV
5
1997




















Truck SUV
5
1998




















Truck SUV
5
1999




















Truck SUV
5
2000




















Truck SUV
5
2001




















Truck SUV
5
2002




















Truck SUV
5
2003
4
0.001
23.3
15.9
22.1
18.9
557.2
402.0
470.6
4885


154
207
9.7
1.344
0.0425
46.1


Truck SUV
5
2004
55
0.013
24.0
16.3
22.6
19.3
546.1
392.7
460.4
4365


183
232
8.6
1.279
0.0540
42.0


Truck SUV
5
2005
40
0.012
23.2
15.8
21.4
18.6
561.3
412.7
478.0
4486


175
225
CO
CO
1.298
0.0511
41.6


Truck SUV
5
2006
98
0.033
20.7
14.6
18.3
16.5
608.7
483.2
538.6
4976


196
217
10.0
1.123
0.0436
41.1


Truck SUV
5
2007
46
0.014
19.4
13.5
17.6
15.6
657.0
506.2
571.1
5000


223
245
9.5
1.099
0.0490
38.9


Truck SUV
5
2008
23
0.008
19.4
13.5
17.6
15.6
656.4
505.6
570.5
5000
50.7

223
245
9.5
1.099
0.0490
38.9


Truck SUV
5
2009
8
0.005
20.4
14.3
18.1
16.3
620.6
489.7
546.0
5000
50.7

223
245
9.3
1.099
0.0490
40.7


Truck SUV
5
2010
2
0.001
20.4
14.3
18.1
16.3
620.2
489.7
545.8
5000
50.6

226
245
9.4
1.084
0.0490
40.7


Truck SUV
5
2011




















Truck SUV
5
2012




















Truck SUV
5
2013




















Truck SUV
5
2014




















Truck SUV
5
2015
6
0.001
27.7
18.6
25.9
22.2
475.6
342.8
400.8
4346
47.9

154
250
7.9
1.625
0.0577
48.2


Truck SUV
5
2016
16
0.003
28.6
19.2
26.2
22.7
462.4
338.7
392.2
4387
47.9

154
250
7.9
1.625
0.0571
49.7


Truck SUV
5
2017




















Truck SUV
5
2018




















Truck SUV
6
1975
9
0.053
18.4
15.1
16.2
15.6
585.2
548.5
570.8
2944


234
92

0.393
0.0318
22.8


Truck SUV
6
1976
35
0.150
17.3
14.3
15.0
14.6
607.9
587.4
607.9
3039


253
96

0.381
0.0324
22.2


Truck SUV
6
1977
32
0.122
18.5
15.2
16.5
15.7
581.6
535.8
565.1
2963


252
95

0.378
0.0327
23.3


Truck SUV
6
1978
45
0.124
17.7
14.4
15.8
15.0
606.9
557.5
592.5
2964


254
97
13.7
0.382
0.0332
22.2


Truck SUV
6
1979
59
0.153
17.1
14.2
14.9
14.5
625.4
593.1
613.4
3155


257
119
13.5
0.465
0.0384
23.0


Truck SUV
6
1980
54
0.293
17.8
14.4
16.0
15.1
619.2
557.2
594.6
3589


258
101
16.3
0.393
0.0285
27.2


Truck SUV
6
1981
44
0.327
18.5
14.8
17.2
15.8
598.3
512.1
563.4
3564


266
113
14.9
0.428
0.0327
28.0


Truck SUV
6
1982
40
0.267
18.8
14.8
17.8
16.0
594.7
493.7
555.3
3607


266
112
16.0
0.420
0.0318
28.9


Truck SUV
6
1983
130
0.509
20.8
16.2
20.2
17.8
545.3
433.6
500.3
3763


212
112
15.5
0.552
0.0303
33.7


Truck SUV
6
1984
317
0.556
21.1
16.5
20.2
18.0
536.2
432.7
494.2
3697


189
108
16.0
0.587
0.0295
33.4


Truck SUV
6
1985
365
0.563
21.2
16.3
21.0
18.1
542.1
418.5
490.5
3790


179
109
15.9
0.613
0.0288
34.5


Truck SUV
6
1986
337
0.472
20.6
16.0
19.7
17.5
552.4
446.7
507.4
3696


184
126
13.6
0.699
0.0343
32.4


Truck SUV
6
1987
403
0.518
21.0
16.0
20.4
17.8
552.0
430.5
499.5
3736


201
139
13.0
0.704
0.0377
33.3


Truck SUV
6
1988
477
0.556
20.8
15.8
20.1
17.5
560.8
439.1
506.8
3721


214
148
12.6
0.703
0.0401
32.8


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-33	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
5
1983
















Truck SUV
5
1984
















Truck SUV
5
1985
















Truck SUV
5
1986
















Truck SUV
5
1987
















Truck SUV
5
1988
















Truck SUV
5
1989
















Truck SUV
5
1990
















Truck SUV
5
1991
















Truck SUV
5
1992
















Truck SUV
5
1993
















Truck SUV
5
1994
















Truck SUV
5
1995
















Truck SUV
5
1996
















Truck SUV
5
1997
















Truck SUV
5
1998
















Truck SUV
5
1999
















Truck SUV
5
2000
















Truck SUV
5
2001
















Truck SUV
5
2002
















Truck SUV
5
2003
9.3%
90.7%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2004
17.3%
82.7%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
49.6%

Truck SUV
5
2005
21.0%
79.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2006
10.2%
89.8%

3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2007

100.0%

3.6%

96.4%




100.0%



100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2008

100.0%

3.5%

96.5%




100.0%



100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2009

100.0%

2.5%

97.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2010

100.0%

2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2011
















Truck SUV
5
2012
















Truck SUV
5
2013
















Truck SUV
5
2014
















Truck SUV
5
2015

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2016

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
5
2017
















Truck SUV
5
2018
















Truck SUV
6
1975

99.4%
0.6%
86.8%
13.2%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1976

95.1%
4.9%
75.8%
24.2%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1977

96.4%
3.6%
80.8%
19.2%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1978

93.0%
7.0%
81.6%
18.4%



100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1979

99.5%
0.5%
85.3%
14.7%



98.7%



1.3%



Truck SUV
6
1980

98.2%
1.8%
83.2%
13.0%
3.7%


92.0%



8.0%



Truck SUV
6
1981

98.2%
1.8%
78.4%

21.6%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1982

100.0%

79.5%

20.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1983

100.0%

54.8%
2.8%
42.4%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1984

100.0%

35.6%
25.6%
38.8%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1985

100.0%

34.0%
1.5%
64.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
6
1986

100.0%

32.7%
2.0%
65.2%


33.4%

32.6%
33.9%




Truck SUV
6
1987

100.0%

32.5%
2.7%
64.8%


9.7%

47.3%
43.0%




Truck SUV
6
1988

100.0%

28.2%
2.1%
69.7%


6.5%

57.2%
36.2%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-34	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Truck SUV
6
1989
493
0.602
20.8
15.8
19.7
17.5
558.8
447.5
508.6
3826


232
156
11.9
0.683
0.0410
33.6


Truck SUV
6
1990
368
0.573
20.3
15.3
19.3
17.0
578.7
457.6
522.3
3853


219
154
11.3
0.718
0.0404
32.8


Truck SUV
6
1991
703
0.806
20.2
15.1
19.4
16.9
587.6
456.6
526.3
4115


232
163
11.3
0.711
0.0401
34.9


Truck SUV
6
1992
606
0.797
19.6
14.6
18.8
16.4
606.2
470.7
541.9
4128


229
171
10.9
0.750
0.0420
34.0


Truck SUV
6
1993
612
0.731
20.1
14.9
19.1
16.7
595.6
461.8
531.6
4170


232
180
9.9
0.779
0.0437
35.0


Truck SUV
6
1994
898
0.695
19.6
14.5
18.6
16.3
612.0
473.9
545.1
4262


229
180
10.0
0.788
0.0425
34.9


Truck SUV
6
1995
1061
0.664
19.7
14.4
18.7
16.3
614.2
472.6
544.6
4256


230
177
10.4
0.778
0.0419
34.9


Truck SUV
6
1996
1058
0.660
20.2
14.6
19.3
16.7
606.3
458.9
531.7
4255


242
179
10.6
0.748
0.0426
35.7


Truck SUV
6
1997
1142
0.547
20.2
14.7
18.9
16.6
604.7
468.5
534.9
4266


237
179
10.5
0.766
0.0424
35.5


Truck SUV
6
1998
1137
0.535
20.4
14.7
19.2
16.8
604.4
462.2
530.4
4262


236
183
10.7
0.786
0.0433
35.8


Truck SUV
6
1999
1205
0.514
20.4
14.7
18.8
16.7
601.8
470.7
533.3
4287


231
194
10.4
0.852
0.0454
35.7


Truck SUV
6
2000
1252
0.496
20.6
14.7
18.9
16.7
602.5
469.5
531.8
4267


230
190
10.1
0.837
0.0448
35.7


Truck SUV
6
2001
1537
0.568
21.0
14.9
19.4
17.0
594.3
455.9
521.7
4275


219
202
9.5
0.936
0.0475
36.5


Truck SUV
6
2002
2176
0.607
20.6
14.4
19.0
16.7
612.6
464.3
533.3
4383


225
218
9.4
0.974
0.0498
36.6


Truck SUV
6
2003
1844
0.516
21.1
14.6
19.6
17.0
604.1
450.9
521.6
4417


224
226
9.1
1.017
0.0513
37.7


Truck SUV
6
2004
2190
0.537
21.4
14.7
20.0
17.3
602.4
443.2
514.9
4426


227
227
9.1
1.006
0.0514
38.2


Truck SUV
6
2005
1844
0.564
21.4
14.6
19.8
17.2
603.1
446.6
517.5
4493


223
234
8.9
1.056
0.0521
38.7


Truck SUV
6
2006
1795
0.597
21.9
15.0
20.2
17.6
579.2
436.4
505.6
4529


223
232
8.9
1.044
0.0512
40.2


Truck SUV
6
2007
1816
0.548
22.5
15.4
20.6
18.0
570.1
428.5
494.4
4514


221
238
8.9
1.082
0.0528
40.8


Truck SUV
6
2008
1894
0.616
22.9
15.6
21.2
18.4
561.1
417.9
484.2
4577
48.1

219
242
8.9
1.110
0.0529
42.3


Truck SUV
6
2009
1070
0.624
23.6
16.0
21.9
18.9
550.8
403.6
470.4
4598
49.5

214
253
8.4
1.186
0.0552
43.7


Truck SUV
6
2010
1388
0.602
23.9
16.3
22.1
19.1
539.9
399.8
464.8
4606
48.9

218
254
8.4
1.174
0.0554
44.4


Truck SUV
6
2011
1708
0.556
24.3
16.5
22.5
19.5
535.5
394.3
457.5
4665
50.3

217
269
8.2
1.245
0.0577
45.6


Truck SUV
6
2012
1666
0.601
24.7
16.8
22.7
19.7
529.2
390.8
452.6
4676
50.3

216
273
8.1
1.273
0.0587
46.2


Truck SUV
6
2013
1730
0.523
25.2
17.1
23.2
20.1
516.7
382.4
442.6
4683
50.8

214
279
7.9
1.308
0.0599
47.3


Truck SUV
6
2014
1950
0.526
25.6
17.3
23.6
20.4
512.7
375.2
436.7
4722
51.2

214
282
7.7
1.322
0.0600
48.3


Truck SUV
6
2015
2328
0.496
25.6
17.3
23.5
20.4
510.9
375.6
436.9
4741
51.0

213
286
7.7
1.347
0.0606
48.5


Truck SUV
6
2016
2166
0.458
25.5
17.2
23.5
20.3
511.2
375.9
438.3
4734
50.9

213
290
7.6
1.366
0.0614
48.3


Truck SUV
6
2017
2657
0.492
26.0
17.5
23.9
20.7
502.2
367.2
430.5
4760
51.2

213
297
7.4
1.402
0.0626
49.5


Truck SUV
6
2018
-
0.426
26.7
17.9
24.1
21.0
491.3
366.3
423.6
4753
51.3

214
297
7.3
1.392
0.0627
50.1


Truck SUV
8
1975
168
0.947
12.8
10.5
11.4
10.8
832.5
749.8
819.5
4284


337
151

0.445
0.0363
23.1


Truck SUV
8
1976
197
0.850
13.4
10.8
12.2
11.4
815.6
718.6
781.1
4556


354
150

0.421
0.0334
25.8


Truck SUV
8
1977
232
0.878
14.7
11.9
13.4
12.5
736.0
654.8
709.4
4427


348
152

0.435
0.0348
27.7


Truck SUV
8
1978
319
0.876
14.1
11.3
12.9
12.0
775.0
680.4
741.8
4468


355
157
13.1
0.442
0.0356
26.7


Truck SUV
8
1979
321
0.835
11.8
9.8
10.3
10.0
893.8
850.3
889.0
4832


354
151
14.9
0.426
0.0314
24.2


Truck SUV
8
1980
111
0.605
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
793.8
690.0
751.1
4777


339
154
15.0
0.453
0.0323
28.4


Truck SUV
8
1981
78
0.574
15.2
12.1
14.1
12.9
729.0
622.6
687.4
4792


329
150
15.3
0.459
0.0314
31.2


Truck SUV
8
1982
103
0.688
16.4
13.0
15.4
14.0
690.1
575.4
652.0
4961


333
146
16.8
0.441
0.0296
36.3


Truck SUV
8
1983
116
0.454
16.2
12.8
15.4
13.8
699.2
573.7
654.5
4962


339
148
15.2
0.442
0.0301
35.6


Truck SUV
8
1984
186
0.326
15.4
12.1
14.5
13.1
729.6
601.6
685.0
4971


336
156
14.6
0.467
0.0315
33.5


Truck SUV
8
1985
198
0.306
15.6
12.2
14.9
13.3
723.9
589.7
672.3
4977


336
162
14.0
0.486
0.0327
33.7


Truck SUV
8
1986
194
0.272
16.2
12.5
15.6
13.8
705.2
564.7
647.5
4981


330
159
13.5
0.484
0.0321
34.8


Truck SUV
8
1987
175
0.225
15.9
12.3
15.2
13.5
719.8
576.8
660.7
5090


337
181
13.0
0.537
0.0355
34.8


Truck SUV
8
1988
194
0.226
16.1
12.3
15.3
13.6
717.8
574.1
655.5
5115


338
183
13.0
0.541
0.0357
35.1


Truck SUV
8
1989
208
0.254
16.0
12.2
15.4
13.5
727.8
567.5
658.4
5196


336
186
12.5
0.551
0.0357
35.5


Truck SUV
8
1990
170
0.265
16.2
12.1
15.9
13.7
734.5
555.4
651.8
5257


338
192
11.4
0.569
0.0367
36.1


Truck SUV
8
1991
91
0.104
16.2
12.1
15.8
13.6
735.9
560.6
653.3
5293


339
199
11.3
0.589
0.0377
36.3


Truck SUV
8
1992
97
0.127
15.9
11.7
15.5
13.3
755.3
571.3
666.3
5428


340
201
11.2
0.591
0.0371
36.2


Truck SUV
8
1993
159
0.190
16.4
12.0
15.9
13.7
737.3
559.1
649.6
5524


343
207
10.3
0.605
0.0376
37.8


Truck SUV
8
1994
296
0.229
17.0
12.5
16.2
14.1
708.8
547.2
628.4
5003


334
209
9.6
0.629
0.0431
35.2


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-35	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
6
1989

99.3%
0.7%
24.8%
4.2%
71.0%


7.3%

53.1%
39.6%




Truck SUV
6
1990

99.3%
0.7%
26.5%
2.0%
71.5%


7.2%

73.9%
18.9%




Truck SUV
6
1991

99.2%
0.8%
18.1%
1.0%
80.9%




67.6%
32.4%




Truck SUV
6
1992

98.4%
1.6%
19.3%
1.0%
79.7%




83.2%
16.8%




Truck SUV
6
1993

98.2%
1.8%
17.4%
1.3%
81.3%




99.4%
0.6%




Truck SUV
6
1994

100.0%

13.9%

86.1%




99.7%
0.3%

17.9%


Truck SUV
6
1995

91.3%
8.7%
11.6%

88.4%




100.0%


22.3%


Truck SUV
6
1996

84.6%
15.4%
5.4%

94.6%




100.0%


12.2%


Truck SUV
6
1997

83.0%
17.0%
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


20.6%


Truck SUV
6
1998

91.4%
8.6%
6.8%

93.2%




100.0%


21.6%


Truck SUV
6
1999

91.2%
8.8%
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


30.2%
5.7%

Truck SUV
6
2000

92.2%
7.8%
5.4%

94.6%




100.0%


26.1%
4.7%

Truck SUV
6
2001
12.4%
77.3%
10.3%
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


45.0%
20.3%

Truck SUV
6
2002
2.0%
76.8%
21.2%
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


54.8%
32.8%

Truck SUV
6
2003
2.7%
78.9%
18.4%
2.2%

96.1%
1.7%



100.0%


66.9%
49.1%

Truck SUV
6
2004
2.9%
79.0%
18.1%
2.6%

95.8%
1.6%



100.0%


61.9%
49.2%

Truck SUV
6
2005
2.6%
80.8%
16.5%
2.4%

95.4%
2.2%



100.0%


74.0%
57.1%

Truck SUV
6
2006
6.0%
77.2%
16.8%
2.5%

90.4%
7.1%



100.0%


71.0%
60.5%
4.4%
Truck SUV
6
2007
7.7%
79.1%
13.2%
2.7%

91.7%
5.7%



99.5%

0.5%
73.8%
58.8%
2.2%
Truck SUV
6
2008
12.3%
76.4%
11.3%
2.0%

95.3%
2.7%


1.7%
97.6%

0.7%
76.1%
59.7%
2.7%
Truck SUV
6
2009
22.7%
73.4%
3.9%
0.6%

92.0%
7.5%


9.2%
89.8%

1.0%
84.4%
69.5%
1.0%
Truck SUV
6
2010
19.0%
74.8%
6.2%
1.7%

93.7%
4.6%


16.3%
82.6%

1.1%
80.0%
74.7%
1.9%
Truck SUV
6
2011
20.1%
72.4%
7.5%
1.3%

96.0%
2.8%


20.3%
78.2%

1.5%
89.0%
86.8%
0.7%
Truck SUV
6
2012
20.4%
75.6%
4.1%
2.2%

95.0%
2.9%


23.8%
74.1%

2.1%
95.2%
93.2%
0.8%
Truck SUV
6
2013
22.9%
73.3%
3.9%
1.6%

88.9%
9.5%


19.2%
79.2%

1.5%
100.0%
96.9%
1.2%
Truck SUV
6
2014
21.7%
72.5%
5.9%
1.4%

90.0%
8.5%


27.5%
70.7%

1.8%
85.3%
95.7%
0.3%
Truck SUV
6
2015
20.0%
73.5%
6.6%
1.4%
0.6%
90.8%
7.2%


27.4%
70.9%

1.6%
100.0%
97.7%
0.6%
Truck SUV
6
2016
20.6%
73.9%
5.5%
1.2%
0.5%
93.6%
4.7%


42.1%
56.9%

1.1%
100.0%
98.9%
0.7%
Truck SUV
6
2017
22.5%
72.1%
5.4%
0.8%
0.6%
90.9%
7.7%


48.9%
50.8%

0.4%
100.0%
99.2%
1.1%
Truck SUV
6
2018
21.4%
71.9%
6.7%
1.2%
0.5%
91.3%
6.9%


46.8%
52.6%

0.6%
100.0%
98.5%
1.4%
Truck SUV
8
1975

88.4%
11.6%
37.2%
62.8%



100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1976

88.6%
11.4%
24.5%
75.5%



100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1977

87.3%
12.7%
25.9%
74.1%



100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1978

92.3%
7.7%
25.1%
74.9%



100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1979

66.8%
33.2%
22.6%
76.9%
0.5%


100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1980

82.6%
17.4%
14.9%
43.8%
41.3%


100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1981

84.5%
15.5%
9.9%
30.9%
59.2%


100.0%







Truck SUV
8
1982

79.9%
20.1%
8.9%
33.6%
57.5%


75.9%



24.1%



Truck SUV
8
1983

80.8%
19.2%
4.7%
26.8%
67.6%

0.8%
83.3%



16.7%



Truck SUV
8
1984

79.4%
20.6%
6.4%
44.3%
49.3%


92.2%



7.8%



Truck SUV
8
1985

71.7%
28.3%
3.3%
41.2%
55.5%


90.6%

4.5%

4.8%



Truck SUV
8
1986

75.2%
24.8%
3.6%
23.5%
72.9%


76.6%

20.0%

3.4%



Truck SUV
8
1987

73.9%
26.1%
2.9%
27.2%
69.9%


27.8%

16.7%
53.7%
1.9%



Truck SUV
8
1988

74.9%
25.1%
2.6%
26.4%
70.9%


9.4%

29.0%
60.1%
1.5%



Truck SUV
8
1989

76.0%
24.0%
3.0%
23.4%
73.6%


6.0%

32.9%
60.0%
1.1%



Truck SUV
8
1990

73.0%
27.0%
2.0%
11.1%
86.9%


4.0%

32.8%
62.1%
1.2%



Truck SUV
8
1991

70.6%
29.4%
1.4%
9.0%
89.7%


4.1%

30.1%
64.0%
1.8%



Truck SUV
8
1992

73.8%
26.2%
1.3%
0.4%
98.2%




30.7%
69.3%




Truck SUV
8
1993

70.7%
29.3%
1.3%

98.7%




24.3%
75.7%




Truck SUV
8
1994

81.1%
18.9%
1.4%

98.6%




48.6%
51.4%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-36	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Truck SUV
8
1995
379
0.237
17.0
12.4
16.2
14.1
714.9
547.9
631.0
5066


334
206
10.0
0.621
0.0417
35.6


Truck SUV
8
1996
455
0.284
17.5
12.6
16.8
14.5
703.0
529.8
614.1
4965


328
226
9.8
0.687
0.0458
35.9


Truck SUV
8
1997
722
0.346
17.6
12.7
16.9
14.6
700.4
523.8
609.3
5095


323
228
9.9
0.707
0.0451
37.1


Truck SUV
8
1998
734
0.345
17.3
12.3
16.6
14.3
721.4
532.3
623.0
5093


320
226
10.2
0.707
0.0446
36.3


Truck SUV
8
1999
877
0.375
17.4
12.3
16.8
14.4
718.4
528.4
618.7
5138


319
236
9.9
0.744
0.0463
36.9


Truck SUV
8
2000
1022
0.405
17.6
12.5
16.7
14.4
711.0
530.2
615.6
5280


311
243
9.5
0.782
0.0462
38.1


Truck SUV
8
2001
864
0.319
17.7
12.6
16.4
14.4
703.3
540.8
616.6
5395


310
256
9.2
0.825
0.0475
38.9


Truck SUV
8
2002
1109
0.309
18.0
12.6
17.0
14.7
701.7
522.2
604.2
5437


311
271
9.0
0.870
0.0500
40.0


Truck SUV
8
2003
1333
0.373
18.1
12.6
16.9
14.7
702.2
524.7
605.3
5558


310
266
9.1
0.859
0.0481
40.8


Truck SUV
8
2004
1492
0.366
18.1
12.5
16.8
14.6
705.4
526.6
606.7
5516


314
277
CO
CO
0.883
0.0505
40.4


Truck SUV
8
2005
1056
0.323
18.5
12.7
17.1
14.9
696.2
516.8
595.7
5577


315
288
8.6
0.916
0.0517
41.7


Truck SUV
8
2006
789
0.262
18.6
12.8
17.4
15.0
694.5
509.9
590.9
5523


309
293
8.5
0.951
0.0532
41.5


Truck SUV
8
2007
991
0.299
19.5
13.2
18.5
15.8
668.4
477.7
561.8
5749


320
313
8.4
0.977
0.0546
45.7


Truck SUV
8
2008
672
0.219
19.3
13.1
18.3
15.6
676.3
484.1
569.1
5784
53.9

322
330
8.2
1.030
0.0572
45.3


Truck SUV
8
2009
211
0.123
19.7
13.3
18.8
16.0
660.4
470.5
556.2
5756
53.6

323
335
7.7
1.042
0.0583
46.3


Truck SUV
8
2010
283
0.123
19.9
13.5
18.9
16.1
655.8
465.6
551.2
5944
54.1

327
338
7.9
1.039
0.0571
48.2


Truck SUV
8
2011
518
0.169
20.2
13.7
19.2
16.4
644.2
459.0
542.1
5985
55.6

331
350
7.7
1.061
0.0588
49.3


Truck SUV
8
2012
394
0.142
20.1
13.6
19.1
16.2
650.1
462.6
547.0
5983
55.7

330
352
7.7
1.068
0.0591
48.9


Truck SUV
8
2013
454
0.137
20.3
13.7
19.2
16.4
643.4
458.8
541.6
5995
55.8

330
352
7.7
1.071
0.0589
49.4


Truck SUV
8
2014
331
0.089
20.4
13.8
19.4
16.5
643.6
455.3
539.2
5933
55.3

329
360
7.4
1.101
0.0611
49.0


Truck SUV
8
2015
508
0.108
22.1
14.9
21.2
17.9
594.0
417.0
495.9
6040
56.7

334
370
7.4
1.110
0.0614
54.4


Truck SUV
8
2016
426
0.090
22.2
15.0
21.0
17.9
589.8
419.8
495.5
5997
56.6

334
379
7.2
1.140
0.0635
54.0


Truck SUV
8
2017
438
0.081
21.9
14.7
20.7
17.6
601.1
425.9
504.9
6054
56.2

334
378
7.2
1.136
0.0625
53.6


Truck SUV
8
2018
-
0.068
21.7
14.6
20.8
17.5
606.9
424.7
506.5
6031
56.2

335
387
7.0
1.169
0.0644
53.2


Truck SUV
Other
1975




















Truck SUV
Other
1976




















Truck SUV
Other
1977




















Truck SUV
Other
1978




















Truck SUV
Other
1979




















Truck SUV
Other
1980




















Truck SUV
Other
1981




















Truck SUV
Other
1982




















Truck SUV
Other
1983




















Truck SUV
Other
1984




















Truck SUV
Other
1985




















Truck SUV
Other
1986




















Truck SUV
Other
1987




















Truck SUV
Other
1988




















Truck SUV
Other
1989




















Truck SUV
Other
1990




















Truck SUV
Other
1991




















Truck SUV
Other
1992




















Truck SUV
Other
1993




















Truck SUV
Other
1994




















Truck SUV
Other
1995




















Truck SUV
Other
1996




















Truck SUV
Other
1997




















Truck SUV
Other
1998




















Truck SUV
Other
1999




















Truck SUV
Other
2000




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-37	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
8
1995

82.9%
17.1%
1.2%

98.8%




41.7%
58.3%




Truck SUV
8
1996

78.6%
21.4%
0.8%

99.2%




99.9%

0.1%



Truck SUV
8
1997

76.2%
23.8%
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%

0.0%



Truck SUV
8
1998

75.6%
24.4%


100.0%




100.0%

0.0%



Truck SUV
8
1999

58.7%
41.3%


100.0%




100.0%


4.8%


Truck SUV
8
2000

70.5%
29.5%


100.0%




100.0%


5.3%
0.5%

Truck SUV
8
2001

67.9%
32.1%


100.0%




100.0%


15.5%
2.2%

Truck SUV
8
2002

64.5%
35.5%


100.0%




100.0%


12.2%
0.9%

Truck SUV
8
2003

62.0%
38.0%


100.0%




100.0%


18.4%
2.6%

Truck SUV
8
2004

65.4%
34.6%


100.0%




100.0%


28.1%
14.1%

Truck SUV
8
2005

67.3%
32.7%


100.0%




100.0%


34.8%
29.3%

Truck SUV
8
2006

70.7%
29.3%


100.0%




100.0%


51.1%
49.7%

Truck SUV
8
2007

63.4%
36.6%


100.0%




100.0%


25.0%
28.1%

Truck SUV
8
2008

67.1%
32.9%
0.0%

98.8%
1.2%


2.1%
97.9%


41.9%
42.9%
1.2%
Truck SUV
8
2009

60.5%
39.5%
0.1%

96.9%
3.0%


3.6%
96.4%


36.0%
47.1%
3.3%
Truck SUV
8
2010

66.2%
33.8%
0.0%
0.1%
99.5%
0.4%


10.5%
89.5%


57.7%
86.0%
0.5%
Truck SUV
8
2011

72.5%
27.5%

0.0%
99.6%
0.4%


13.3%
86.7%


39.1%
99.8%
0.4%
Truck SUV
8
2012

72.4%
27.6%


99.6%
0.4%


14.9%
85.1%


43.9%
99.2%
0.4%
Truck SUV
8
2013

72.3%
27.7%


99.7%
0.3%


16.9%
83.1%


39.0%
99.7%
0.3%
Truck SUV
8
2014

74.2%
25.8%


100.0%



20.7%
79.3%


51.9%
98.4%

Truck SUV
8
2015

70.6%
29.4%


100.0%



82.1%
17.9%


20.3%
99.1%

Truck SUV
8
2016

71.6%
28.4%


100.0%



84.4%
15.6%


23.5%
99.6%

Truck SUV
8
2017

72.0%
28.0%


100.0%



81.8%
18.2%


31.0%
99.4%

Truck SUV
8
2018

73.0%
27.0%


100.0%



78.7%
21.3%


30.3%
98.6%

Truck SUV
Other
1975
















Truck SUV
Other
1976
















Truck SUV
Other
1977
















Truck SUV
Other
1978
















Truck SUV
Other
1979
















Truck SUV
Other
1980
















Truck SUV
Other
1981
















Truck SUV
Other
1982
















Truck SUV
Other
1983
















Truck SUV
Other
1984
















Truck SUV
Other
1985
















Truck SUV
Other
1986
















Truck SUV
Other
1987
















Truck SUV
Other
1988
















Truck SUV
Other
1989
















Truck SUV
Other
1990
















Truck SUV
Other
1991
















Truck SUV
Other
1992
















Truck SUV
Other
1993
















Truck SUV
Other
1994
















Truck SUV
Other
1995
















Truck SUV
Other
1996
















Truck SUV
Other
1997
















Truck SUV
Other
1998
















Truck SUV
Other
1999
















Truck SUV
Other
2000
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-38	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Truck SUV
Other
2001




















Truck SUV
Other
2002




















Truck SUV
Other
2003




















Truck SUV
Other
2004
1
0.000
22.8
15.4
21.8
18.4
661.8
467.5
552.2
6000


300
310
8.5
1.033
0.0517
55.3


Truck SUV
Other
2005




















Truck SUV
Other
2006
1
0.000
21.7
14.8
20.0
17.4
686.3
508.9
585.2
6000


300
310
8.5
1.033
0.0517
52.2


Truck SUV
Other
2007
0
0.000
21.7
14.8
20.0
17.4
686.3
508.9
585.2
6000


300
310
8.6
1.033
0.0517
52.2


Truck SUV
Other
2008
0
0.000
21.7
14.8
20.0
17.4
686.3
508.9
585.2
6000
51.1

300
310
8.7
1.033
0.0517
52.2


Truck SUV
Other
2009




















Truck SUV
Other
2010




















Truck SUV
Other
2011




















Truck SUV
Other
2012




















Truck SUV
Other
2013




















Truck SUV
Other
2014




















Truck SUV
Other
2015




















Truck SUV
Other
2016
0
0.000
15.0
10.6
13.1
11.9
838.1
680.3
748.2
6000
46.4

365
621
5.0
1.702
0.1035
35.6


Truck SUV
Other
2017
1
0.000
18.1
12.3
18.6
15.3
719.9
472.9
582.4
6000
53.5

366
602
5.0
1.644
0.1003
46.0


Truck SUV
Other
2018
-
0.000
18.3
12.4
19.0
15.5
714.4
465.2
573.4
6000
53.9

366
600
5.0
1.641
0.1001
46.6


Pickup
2
1975
3
0.002
15.5
11.7
15.9
13.2
760.4
559.9
670.8
3000


80
135

1.688
0.0450
19.9


Pickup
2
1976
4
0.002
16.4
12.4
16.8
14.1
714.1
528.9
632.5
3000


80
135

1.688
0.0450
21.1


Pickup
2
1977
3
0.001
19.3
14.7
19.4
16.5
603.0
456.2
538.1
3000


80
135

1.688
0.0450
24.8


Pickup
2
1978




















Pickup
2
1979




















Pickup
2
1980




















Pickup
2
1981




















Pickup
2
1982




















Pickup
2
1983




















Pickup
2
1984




















Pickup
2
1985




















Pickup
2
1986




















Pickup
2
1987




















Pickup
2
1988




















Pickup
2
1989




















Pickup
2
1990




















Pickup
2
1991




















Pickup
2
1992




















Pickup
2
1993




















Pickup
2
1994




















Pickup
2
1995




















Pickup
2
1996




















Pickup
2
1997




















Pickup
2
1998




















Pickup
2
1999




















Pickup
2
2000




















Pickup
2
2001




















Pickup
2
2002




















Pickup
2
2003




















Pickup
2
2004




















Pickup
2
2005




















Pickup
2
2006




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-39	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Truck SUV
Other
2001
















Truck SUV
Other
2002
















Truck SUV
Other
2003
















Truck SUV
Other
2004

100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
Other
2005
















Truck SUV
Other
2006

100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
Other
2007

100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
Other
2008

100.0%



100.0%






100.0%



Truck SUV
Other
2009
















Truck SUV
Other
2010
















Truck SUV
Other
2011
















Truck SUV
Other
2012
















Truck SUV
Other
2013
















Truck SUV
Other
2014
















Truck SUV
Other
2015
















Truck SUV
Other
2016

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
Other
2017

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Truck SUV
Other
2018

100.0%



100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
2
1975


100.0%
68.2%
31.8%



100.0%







Pickup
2
1976


100.0%
81.1%
18.9%



100.0%







Pickup
2
1977


100.0%
85.1%
14.9%



100.0%







Pickup
2
1978
















Pickup
2
1979
















Pickup
2
1980
















Pickup
2
1981
















Pickup
2
1982
















Pickup
2
1983
















Pickup
2
1984
















Pickup
2
1985
















Pickup
2
1986
















Pickup
2
1987
















Pickup
2
1988
















Pickup
2
1989
















Pickup
2
1990
















Pickup
2
1991
















Pickup
2
1992
















Pickup
2
1993
















Pickup
2
1994
















Pickup
2
1995
















Pickup
2
1996
















Pickup
2
1997
















Pickup
2
1998
















Pickup
2
1999
















Pickup
2
2000
















Pickup
2
2001
















Pickup
2
2002
















Pickup
2
2003
















Pickup
2
2004
















Pickup
2
2005
















Pickup
2
2006
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-40	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Pickup
2
2007




















Pickup
2
2008




















Pickup
2
2009




















Pickup
2
2010




















Pickup
2
2011




















Pickup
2
2012




















Pickup
2
2013




















Pickup
2
2014




















Pickup
2
2015




















Pickup
2
2016




















Pickup
2
2017




















Pickup
2
2018




















Pickup
4
1975
214
0.159
22.2
17.2
21.6
19.0
514.2
408.5
468.7
2817


116
88

0.750
0.0314
26.8


Pickup
4
1976
224
0.120
23.7
18.4
23.1
20.2
480.6
381.5
439.3
2826


117
89

0.757
0.0318
28.7


Pickup
4
1977
304
0.150
26.4
20.6
25.3
22.5
427.9
348.2
395.3
2819


122
91

0.748
0.0324
32.0


Pickup
4
1978
339
0.150
26.3
21.0
24.3
22.4
419.3
361.6
397.3
2844


121
88
14.7
0.731
0.0310
32.1


Pickup
4
1979
459
0.208
23.4
18.4
22.1
19.9
471.5
394.5
446.4
2832


123
85
16.3
0.692
0.0300
28.7


Pickup
4
1980
550
0.383
24.6
19.6
22.8
20.9
446.1
381.5
425.6
2818


124
87
16.2
0.705
0.0311
29.9


Pickup
4
1981
497
0.346
27.7
22.1
25.7
23.6
402.8
345.7
383.6
2842


130
85
16.6
0.652
0.0298
34.1


Pickup
4
1982
485
0.337
27.8
22.1
25.7
23.6
401.8
346.1
382.8
2886


133
87
17.4
0.657
0.0304
34.6


Pickup
4
1983
707
0.434
27.6
22.0
25.6
23.5
402.3
343.1
381.2
2921


135
88
15.9
0.651
0.0303
34.7


Pickup
4
1984
795
0.389
27.2
21.7
25.2
23.1
407.6
347.8
386.0
2973


134
89
15.8
0.661
0.0300
34.7


Pickup
4
1985
819
0.394
27.4
21.9
25.3
23.3
402.7
346.6
382.0
3034


141
98
14.7
0.693
0.0322
35.5


Pickup
4
1986
1256
0.496
27.0
21.3
25.1
22.9
413.7
349.2
388.6
3054


139
97
14.1
0.696
0.0318
35.1


Pickup
4
1987
1064
0.496
27.1
21.1
25.3
22.9
416.8
346.4
388.5
3050


140
96
14.4
0.686
0.0316
35.0


Pickup
4
1988
913
0.371
27.1
21.1
25.1
22.8
418.2
349.2
389.9
3070


142
97
14.5
0.685
0.0317
35.2


Pickup
4
1989
773
0.347
26.8
20.8
24.7
22.5
424.8
356.1
395.5
3085


144
102
13.5
0.710
0.0331
34.8


Pickup
4
1990
554
0.302
27.1
20.9
24.8
22.6
422.5
354.6
393.3
3096


144
110
12.1
0.765
0.0356
35.1


Pickup
4
1991
632
0.329
27.3
20.9
25.0
22.7
423.3
352.9
391.3
3119


145
108
12.3
0.749
0.0349
35.5


Pickup
4
1992
471
0.256
27.1
20.5
24.8
22.4
432.4
355.3
396.6
3194


143
110
12.1
0.767
0.0347
35.9


Pickup
4
1993
478
0.239
27.3
20.5
24.9
22.5
430.8
353.7
394.5
3211


143
112
11.2
0.782
0.0351
36.2


Pickup
4
1994
706
0.265
27.3
20.4
24.9
22.4
434.4
354.9
395.9
3333


141
113
11.3
0.799
0.0342
37.5


Pickup
4
1995
653
0.288
26.8
19.8
24.4
21.9
444.4
359.6
405.5
3426


147
124
11.2
0.848
0.0365
37.8


Pickup
4
1996
556
0.284
27.0
19.7
24.9
22.1
448.1
353.9
402.0
3420


143
124
11.6
0.871
0.0366
38.0


Pickup
4
1997
465
0.193
27.5
20.0
24.9
22.3
441.1
353.2
398.2
3457


141
120
11.9
0.853
0.0349
38.8


Pickup
4
1998
615
0.255
27.0
19.5
24.6
21.9
453.5
358.2
405.9
3462


145
127
11.9
0.877
0.0370
38.1


Pickup
4
1999
392
0.154
26.5
19.0
24.1
21.4
465.4
365.3
415.1
3452


147
128
11.9
0.867
0.0371
37.2


Pickup
4
2000
437
0.167
26.0
18.5
23.6
21.0
477.1
373.5
423.8
3466


145
127
11.5
0.879
0.0368
36.5


Pickup
4
2001
277
0.110
25.8
18.4
23.0
20.6
479.9
384.3
430.6
3501


146
132
11.1
0.906
0.0378
36.3


Pickup
4
2002
166
0.070
26.3
18.8
23.0
20.9
467.7
382.6
424.7
3525


149
143
10.7
0.958
0.0407
37.1


Pickup
4
2003
289
0.117
26.3
18.3
23.7
21.0
481.8
372.5
423.7
3527


142
133
11.3
0.933
0.0377
37.1


Pickup
4
2004
155
0.062
26.2
18.3
23.1
20.7
480.9
382.2
428.7
3542


152
147
10.5
0.972
0.0418
36.8


Pickup
4
2005
126
0.055
26.0
17.7
23.6
20.7
497.8
375.0
430.1
3740


160
162
10.1
1.017
0.0434
38.7


Pickup
4
2006
165
0.075
25.8
17.6
23.6
20.6
503.0
374.9
432.4
3749


160
162
10.2
1.012
0.0434
38.6


Pickup
4
2007
139
0.066
25.6
17.5
23.2
20.3
500.9
380.7
436.8
3712


161
164
10.2
1.015
0.0443
38.0


Pickup
4
2008
128
0.072
26.7
18.4
23.7
21.1
481.0
373.1
421.0
3698
49.9

159
162
10.3
1.015
0.0438
39.1


Pickup
4
2009
94
0.095
27.2
18.8
24.0
21.4
471.2
368.9
414.8
3719
50.7

158
159
10.2
1.005
0.0427
39.9


Pickup
4
2010
86
0.068
27.2
18.7
24.1
21.4
473.5
368.1
414.9
3703
50.7

155
156
10.5
1.007
0.0422
39.7


Pickup
4
2011
100
0.068
27.5
18.9
24.1
21.6
468.2
368.0
412.2
3700
49.8

154
154
10.6
1.004
0.0417
39.9


Pickup
4
2012
70
0.052
27.1
18.5
23.4
21.0
478.5
378.2
422.6
3864
50.7

168
167
10.4
0.996
0.0435
40.7


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-41	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
2
2007
















Pickup
2
2008
















Pickup
2
2009
















Pickup
2
2010
















Pickup
2
2011
















Pickup
2
2012
















Pickup
2
2013
















Pickup
2
2014
















Pickup
2
2015
















Pickup
2
2016
















Pickup
2
2017
















Pickup
2
2018
















Pickup
4
1975


100.0%
83.5%
16.5%



100.0%







Pickup
4
1976


100.0%
81.4%
18.6%



100.0%







Pickup
4
1977


100.0%
82.3%
17.7%



100.0%







Pickup
4
1978

6.9%
93.1%
88.1%
11.9%



100.0%







Pickup
4
1979

20.5%
79.5%
88.1%
11.9%



100.0%







Pickup
4
1980
4.8%
20.2%
75.0%
89.9%
10.1%



95.2%


2.7%
2.0%



Pickup
4
1981
6.7%
23.0%
70.2%
93.1%
6.9%



81.9%


1.8%
16.3%



Pickup
4
1982
6.6%
23.4%
70.0%
90.8%
6.9%
2.3%


83.9%


0.7%
15.4%



Pickup
4
1983
4.3%
18.9%
76.8%
86.3%
12.3%
1.4%


94.1%


0.2%
5.7%



Pickup
4
1984
1.5%
20.6%
77.8%
88.9%
8.6%
2.5%


93.3%

2.5%

4.2%



Pickup
4
1985

22.4%
77.6%
84.6%
6.6%
8.8%


69.3%

18.3%
10.7%
1.7%



Pickup
4
1986

19.8%
80.2%
85.9%
6.2%
7.9%


62.3%

14.3%
22.6%
0.7%



Pickup
4
1987

17.3%
82.7%
84.5%
7.6%
7.9%


61.1%

11.7%
26.8%
0.3%



Pickup
4
1988

15.2%
84.8%
84.9%
5.8%
9.3%


42.9%

27.3%
29.7%




Pickup
4
1989

15.3%
84.7%
84.9%
4.5%
10.6%


28.8%

34.5%
36.6%




Pickup
4
1990

13.1%
86.9%
84.9%
2.2%
12.9%


19.9%

69.5%
10.5%




Pickup
4
1991

12.4%
87.6%
85.3%
2.7%
12.0%


9.7%

67.3%
23.0%




Pickup
4
1992

13.8%
86.2%
86.8%
3.1%
10.1%


12.6%

77.6%
9.8%




Pickup
4
1993

14.8%
85.2%
86.8%
3.3%
9.9%


8.8%

87.0%
4.2%




Pickup
4
1994

12.2%
87.8%
85.2%
3.6%
11.2%


2.9%

96.7%
0.4%

0.2%


Pickup
4
1995

15.3%
84.7%
79.9%
3.1%
17.0%




97.3%
2.7%

17.7%


Pickup
4
1996

9.8%
90.2%
76.6%
4.8%
18.6%




100.0%


35.2%


Pickup
4
1997

5.9%
94.1%
78.0%

22.0%




100.0%


28.6%


Pickup
4
1998

11.1%
88.9%
66.9%
6.0%
27.1%




100.0%


35.6%


Pickup
4
1999

10.5%
89.5%
57.4%
6.1%
36.5%




100.0%


34.6%


Pickup
4
2000

7.9%
92.1%
48.0%
4.8%
47.2%




100.0%


35.0%


Pickup
4
2001

8.7%
91.3%
48.5%
7.7%
43.8%




100.0%


54.0%


Pickup
4
2002

12.5%
87.5%
47.9%
12.5%
39.6%




100.0%


99.9%


Pickup
4
2003

10.6%
89.4%
38.8%
7.6%
53.6%




100.0%


53.7%


Pickup
4
2004

12.4%
87.6%
42.3%
15.2%
42.4%




100.0%


100.0%
12.5%

Pickup
4
2005

17.6%
82.4%
43.0%

57.0%




100.0%


100.0%
68.4%

Pickup
4
2006

15.0%
85.0%
37.9%

62.1%




100.0%


100.0%
79.7%

Pickup
4
2007

8.3%
91.7%
33.1%

66.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2008

10.8%
89.2%
29.8%

70.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2009

14.1%
85.9%
34.1%

65.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2010

12.4%
87.6%
25.8%

74.2%




100.0%


100.0%
58.8%

Pickup
4
2011

14.7%
85.3%
18.8%

81.2%




100.0%


100.0%
52.7%

Pickup
4
2012

23.6%
76.4%
17.6%

82.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-42	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Pickup
4
2013
67
0.042
27.4
18.9
23.1
21.1
469.9
383.7
422.1
3892
52.6

162
158
10.8
0.973
0.0406
41.0


Pickup
4
2014
57
0.029
27.3
18.8
23.0
21.0
472.2
384.8
423.7
3894
52.8

162
157
10.8
0.974
0.0405
40.9


Pickup
4
2015
80
0.045
27.5
18.8
23.7
21.3
470.6
373.7
417.0
4020
55.7

159
167
10.6
1.052
0.0415
43.0


Pickup
4
2016
99
0.052
27.8
19.1
24.5
21.8
473.3
366.4
414.1
4228
55.9

158
174
10.3
1.104
0.0415
46.4


Pickup
4
2017
92
0.045
27.2
18.8
23.8
21.4
479.1
379.0
423.6
4254
55.7

160
168
10.6
1.054
0.0398
45.7


Pickup
4
2018
-
0.042
28.2
19.3
24.8
22.1
474.3
368.0
415.0
4262
55.8

161
174
10.3
1.086
0.0411
47.5


Pickup
5
1975




















Pickup
5
1976




















Pickup
5
1977




















Pickup
5
1978




















Pickup
5
1979




















Pickup
5
1980




















Pickup
5
1981




















Pickup
5
1982




















Pickup
5
1983




















Pickup
5
1984




















Pickup
5
1985




















Pickup
5
1986




















Pickup
5
1987




















Pickup
5
1988




















Pickup
5
1989




















Pickup
5
1990




















Pickup
5
1991




















Pickup
5
1992




















Pickup
5
1993




















Pickup
5
1994




















Pickup
5
1995




















Pickup
5
1996




















Pickup
5
1997




















Pickup
5
1998




















Pickup
5
1999




















Pickup
5
2000




















Pickup
5
2001




















Pickup
5
2002




















Pickup
5
2003




















Pickup
5
2004
96
0.038
23.9
16.4
22.0
19.1
540.7
403.9
464.1
4076


211
215
9.1
1.019
0.0530
39.0


Pickup
5
2005
131
0.057
23.2
15.8
21.5
18.6
560.7
412.6
477.7
4141


211
215
9.1
1.019
0.0521
38.5


Pickup
5
2006
78
0.036
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
554.6
407.9
472.4
4162


211
215
9.2
1.019
0.0519
39.1


Pickup
5
2007
49
0.023
21.3
14.4
20.0
17.2
615.0
443.3
518.1
4160


223
208
9.5
0.931
0.0497
35.7


Pickup
5
2008
53
0.030
22.1
14.9
20.9
17.8
594.7
424.4
498.4
4124
45.8

223
190
10.0
0.853
0.0464
36.7


Pickup
5
2009
21
0.021
23.3
15.9
21.5
18.7
556.4
412.6
475.9
4294
46.2

223
245
8.5
1.099
0.0574
40.1


Pickup
5
2010
20
0.016
23.6
16.0
21.8
18.9
553.1
407.5
470.8
4281
49.3

226
245
8.6
1.084
0.0575
40.4


Pickup
5
2011
18
0.012
23.6
16.1
21.8
18.9
552.1
407.7
470.2
4276
50.2

226
242
8.7
1.071
0.0569
40.4


Pickup
5
2012
38
0.028
23.8
16.2
22.0
19.1
547.3
404.0
466.1
4248
50.7

226
242
8.7
1.072
0.0573
40.4


Pickup
5
2013




















Pickup
5
2014




















Pickup
5
2015




















Pickup
5
2016




















Pickup
5
2017




















Pickup
5
2018




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-43	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
4
2013

19.3%
80.7%
16.5%

83.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2014

18.5%
81.5%
14.8%

85.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2015

15.7%
84.3%
10.8%

89.2%



26.1%
73.9%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
4
2016

23.9%
76.1%
6.7%

93.3%



39.1%
47.8%

13.2%
100.0%
86.8%

Pickup
4
2017

26.3%
73.7%
6.8%

93.2%



22.4%
64.2%

13.4%
100.0%
86.6%

Pickup
4
2018

27.6%
72.4%
6.2%

93.8%



30.4%
44.9%

24.8%
100.0%
75.2%

Pickup
5
1975
















Pickup
5
1976
















Pickup
5
1977
















Pickup
5
1978
















Pickup
5
1979
















Pickup
5
1980
















Pickup
5
1981
















Pickup
5
1982
















Pickup
5
1983
















Pickup
5
1984
















Pickup
5
1985
















Pickup
5
1986
















Pickup
5
1987
















Pickup
5
1988
















Pickup
5
1989
















Pickup
5
1990
















Pickup
5
1991
















Pickup
5
1992
















Pickup
5
1993
















Pickup
5
1994
















Pickup
5
1995
















Pickup
5
1996
















Pickup
5
1997
















Pickup
5
1998
















Pickup
5
1999
















Pickup
5
2000
















Pickup
5
2001
















Pickup
5
2002
















Pickup
5
2003
















Pickup
5
2004

43.9%
56.1%
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2005

51.2%
48.8%
2.4%

97.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2006

51.9%
48.1%
2.1%

97.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2007

48.9%
51.1%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
5
2008

49.6%
50.4%


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%

Pickup
5
2009

58.8%
41.2%
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2010

61.0%
39.0%
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2011

64.1%
35.9%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2012

57.2%
42.8%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

Pickup
5
2013
















Pickup
5
2014
















Pickup
5
2015
















Pickup
5
2016
















Pickup
5
2017
















Pickup
5
2018
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-44	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Pickup
6
1975
144
0.107
17.1
13.7
15.8
14.6
645.3
555.9
610.7
4020


271
103

0.384
0.0256
29.5


Pickup
6
1976
272
0.146
18.9
15.1
17.4
16.0
586.7
503.8
553.8
4008


267
103

0.389
0.0257
32.3


Pickup
6
1977
254
0.125
19.0
15.3
17.3
16.2
575.1
504.9
550.0
4045


271
110

0.405
0.0272
32.9


Pickup
6
1978
347
0.153
18.5
14.9
16.8
15.7
591.3
517.9
566.1
4054


274
116
15.5
0.428
0.0287
32.1


Pickup
6
1979
356
0.161
17.5
14.3
15.6
14.8
619.1
561.6
599.9
4173


266
122
15.6
0.464
0.0294
31.3


Pickup
6
1980
387
0.269
19.1
15.2
17.7
16.3
581.5
494.3
546.8
4027


271
121
15.6
0.451
0.0300
32.9


Pickup
6
1981
472
0.328
20.1
16.0
18.7
17.1
551.8
469.3
518.8
3934


274
120
15.4
0.444
0.0306
33.9


Pickup
6
1982
480
0.333
21.7
17.1
20.5
18.5
511.5
422.1
480.0
3578


236
113
16.3
0.502
0.0321
33.2


Pickup
6
1983
484
0.297
21.6
16.9
20.7
18.4
521.1
417.4
483.0
3653


228
112
15.2
0.516
0.0310
33.7


Pickup
6
1984
688
0.336
21.0
16.4
20.1
17.9
536.9
430.2
497.0
3676


227
110
15.3
0.510
0.0304
33.0


Pickup
6
1985
591
0.284
21.7
16.9
20.8
18.5
522.2
418.7
481.3
3588


228
117
14.4
0.535
0.0327
33.1


Pickup
6
1986
601
0.237
21.1
16.5
19.9
17.9
535.2
440.7
496.3
3705


228
129
13.1
0.604
0.0354
33.2


Pickup
6
1987
632
0.294
21.4
16.5
20.4
18.1
534.3
427.3
490.0
3647


222
136
12.8
0.638
0.0378
33.0


Pickup
6
1988
746
0.304
21.4
16.4
20.5
18.1
540.7
427.4
491.6
3695


229
142
12.5
0.644
0.0388
33.4


Pickup
6
1989
732
0.328
20.9
16.0
19.8
17.6
552.4
439.8
505.3
3869


240
145
12.1
0.627
0.0378
34.1


Pickup
6
1990
593
0.323
21.0
15.9
20.1
17.7
556.0
436.9
503.3
3959


240
147
11.4
0.637
0.0376
35.0


Pickup
6
1991
769
0.400
21.9
16.3
21.0
18.3
541.6
416.5
485.5
3807


237
147
11.2
0.641
0.0390
34.8


Pickup
6
1992
792
0.430
21.2
15.7
20.4
17.7
561.5
429.3
502.2
3950


243
146
11.2
0.622
0.0375
35.0


Pickup
6
1993
916
0.458
21.3
15.7
20.4
17.8
561.2
429.0
500.6
3944


239
150
10.4
0.645
0.0384
35.0


Pickup
6
1994
1057
0.396
21.3
15.6
20.3
17.7
565.3
434.4
502.9
3984


245
162
10.0
0.675
0.0410
35.2


Pickup
6
1995
679
0.299
20.8
15.1
19.9
17.2
585.3
443.3
516.4
4123


256
161
10.3
0.645
0.0396
35.4


Pickup
6
1996
629
0.321
21.0
15.3
19.9
17.3
576.5
442.2
512.3
4104


249
168
10.6
0.688
0.0412
35.7


Pickup
6
1997
674
0.280
21.5
15.4
20.3
17.6
574.6
436.3
503.7
4100


247
186
9.9
0.753
0.0453
36.2


Pickup
6
1998
729
0.302
21.3
15.2
19.9
17.4
581.9
444.5
510.4
4064


238
180
10.4
0.760
0.0443
35.4


Pickup
6
1999
794
0.312
20.9
14.9
19.4
17.0
594.4
455.5
521.5
4045


230
174
10.6
0.763
0.0430
34.5


Pickup
6
2000
921
0.353
20.9
14.9
19.3
17.0
593.9
459.4
522.6
4080


228
175
10.2
0.774
0.0430
34.7


Pickup
6
2001
854
0.339
20.7
14.7
19.0
16.8
602.1
467.1
529.8
4127


232
184
9.8
0.798
0.0447
34.6


Pickup
6
2002
842
0.354
20.6
14.6
18.7
16.6
606.3
473.9
535.3
4192


232
186
9.9
0.806
0.0444
34.8


Pickup
6
2003
852
0.344
20.9
14.7
18.9
16.8
604.3
467.3
529.6
4251


233
187
9.9
0.807
0.0441
35.7


Pickup
6
2004
595
0.238
20.8
14.5
18.9
16.7
610.8
468.6
532.0
4256


227
192
9.7
0.849
0.0452
35.6


Pickup
6
2005
529
0.230
21.1
14.5
19.2
16.9
609.0
460.8
526.3
4398


239
215
9.2
0.901
0.0492
37.1


Pickup
6
2006
595
0.272
21.4
14.8
19.5
17.1
600.4
455.5
519.2
4450


237
221
9.1
0.937
0.0499
38.1


Pickup
6
2007
506
0.239
21.4
14.8
19.5
17.1
599.6
455.4
518.6
4513


239
219
9.4
0.923
0.0489
38.7


Pickup
6
2008
434
0.242
21.4
14.8
19.5
17.1
598.9
455.8
518.6
4527
59.3

239
220
9.4
0.928
0.0490
38.8


Pickup
6
2009
181
0.182
22.0
15.2
19.8
17.5
583.5
447.0
507.1
4479
56.9

243
226
9.0
0.939
0.0510
39.3


Pickup
6
2010
210
0.164
21.8
15.1
19.8
17.4
588.0
447.4
509.3
4490
55.8

242
231
8.9
0.958
0.0517
39.2


Pickup
6
2011
438
0.296
22.3
15.4
20.4
17.9
577.8
434.0
496.9
4930
61.5

233
269
8.5
1.173
0.0542
44.3


Pickup
6
2012
395
0.292
22.4
15.4
20.5
18.0
575.5
432.2
494.9
5125
62.0

231
287
8.2
1.266
0.0558
46.0


Pickup
6
2013
552
0.350
22.9
15.7
21.1
18.3
566.1
420.6
484.5
5260
63.2

227
300
8.1
1.344
0.0567
48.2


Pickup
6
2014
620
0.321
23.6
16.1
21.7
18.9
549.9
407.9
471.0
5227
63.7

233
295
8.0
1.288
0.0565
49.4


Pickup
6
2015
713
0.399
24.7
16.9
22.4
19.7
527.3
397.0
454.7
4833
63.1

219
295
7.8
1.385
0.0612
47.8


Pickup
6
2016
875
0.459
25.3
17.2
22.9
20.1
515.4
388.1
444.5
4818
62.5

211
303
7.6
1.464
0.0631
48.5


Pickup
6
2017
864
0.421
25.6
17.5
23.1
20.3
507.9
383.1
438.4
4791
62.0

211
305
7.4
1.466
0.0637
48.8


Pickup
6
2018
-
0.513
25.6
17.4
23.1
20.3
510.0
383.7
440.6
4862
63.0

210
322
7.1
1.578
0.0663
49.5


Pickup
8
1975
982
0.732
12.6
10.0
11.8
10.8
871.4
724.7
826.2
4274


353
158

0.446
0.0373
23.3


Pickup
8
1976
1367
0.732
13.2
10.6
12.0
11.2
824.7
717.9
791.4
4360


359
155

0.430
0.0358
24.6


Pickup
8
1977
1466
0.723
14.4
11.7
12.9
12.2
749.1
668.2
727.9
4366


360
164

0.457
0.0378
26.9


Pickup
8
1978
1582
0.698
14.0
11.5
12.5
11.9
764.6
690.8
747.9
4386


353
162
12.7
0.460
0.0373
26.4


Pickup
8
1979
1393
0.631
13.6
11.3
12.1
11.6
778.2
717.8
768.4
4566


347
156
14.3
0.449
0.0344
27.0


Pickup
8
1980
500
0.348
15.9
12.8
14.6
13.6
691.9
603.1
662.2
4533


332
150
14.8
0.453
0.0333
31.3


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-45	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
6
1975

3.3%
96.7%
16.3%
83.7%



100.0%







Pickup
6
1976

5.3%
94.7%
35.3%
64.7%



100.0%







Pickup
6
1977

10.8%
89.2%
29.6%
70.4%



100.0%







Pickup
6
1978

11.4%
88.6%
30.9%
69.1%



99.7%



0.3%



Pickup
6
1979

11.7%
88.3%
61.4%
36.2%
2.4%


99.2%



0.8%



Pickup
6
1980

12.6%
87.4%
65.4%
15.1%
19.5%


99.8%



0.2%



Pickup
6
1981

10.2%
89.8%
61.1%
17.0%
21.9%


100.0%







Pickup
6
1982

8.9%
91.1%
56.6%
13.2%
30.2%


100.0%







Pickup
6
1983

23.5%
76.5%
53.0%
14.4%
32.1%

0.6%
100.0%







Pickup
6
1984

25.8%
74.2%
49.8%
19.7%
30.5%


100.0%







Pickup
6
1985

26.8%
73.2%
52.4%
14.2%
33.5%


98.9%


1.1%




Pickup
6
1986

30.7%
69.3%
53.0%
16.1%
30.9%


49.9%

23.3%
26.8%




Pickup
6
1987

33.1%
66.9%
46.1%
8.3%
45.7%


18.5%

50.4%
31.2%




Pickup
6
1988

34.3%
65.7%
49.8%
8.2%
42.0%




53.9%
46.1%




Pickup
6
1989

33.6%
66.4%
51.5%
4.7%
43.8%




52.7%
47.3%




Pickup
6
1990

30.0%
70.0%
46.3%
3.3%
50.3%




62.2%
37.8%




Pickup
6
1991

25.8%
74.2%
51.7%
0.0%
48.3%




43.6%
56.4%




Pickup
6
1992

23.2%
76.8%
48.6%

51.4%




56.4%
43.6%




Pickup
6
1993

24.2%
75.8%
45.3%

54.7%




58.5%
41.5%




Pickup
6
1994

27.0%
73.0%
39.0%

61.0%




71.1%
28.9%

5.4%


Pickup
6
1995

28.1%
71.9%
42.7%

57.3%




69.6%
30.4%

1.4%


Pickup
6
1996

27.2%
72.8%
33.5%

66.5%




100.0%


10.1%


Pickup
6
1997

21.5%
78.5%
27.8%

72.2%




100.0%


4.2%


Pickup
6
1998

28.7%
71.3%
28.0%

72.0%




100.0%


7.1%


Pickup
6
1999

33.0%
67.0%
23.9%

76.1%




100.0%


7.6%


Pickup
6
2000

31.4%
68.6%
21.7%

78.3%




100.0%


7.0%


Pickup
6
2001

28.2%
71.8%
16.4%

83.6%




100.0%


11.6%


Pickup
6
2002

32.5%
67.5%
15.1%

84.9%




100.0%


19.8%


Pickup
6
2003

30.5%
69.5%
15.0%

85.0%




100.0%


13.9%


Pickup
6
2004

34.0%
66.0%
15.6%

84.4%




100.0%


17.9%


Pickup
6
2005

30.2%
69.8%
12.4%

87.6%




100.0%


34.1%
34.1%

Pickup
6
2006

36.5%
63.5%
10.8%

89.2%




100.0%


50.4%
50.4%

Pickup
6
2007

34.9%
65.1%
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


45.5%
38.7%

Pickup
6
2008

34.9%
65.1%
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


45.6%
19.5%

Pickup
6
2009

48.1%
51.9%
4.7%

95.3%




100.0%


61.5%
18.2%

Pickup
6
2010

50.9%
49.1%
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


64.7%
64.7%

Pickup
6
2011

53.0%
47.0%
2.7%

97.3%



25.8%
74.2%


74.4%
74.4%

Pickup
6
2012

59.0%
41.0%
1.9%

98.1%



35.4%
64.6%


91.2%
91.2%

Pickup
6
2013

61.3%
38.7%
1.3%

98.7%



43.7%
56.3%


94.1%
94.1%

Pickup
6
2014

57.2%
42.8%
0.8%

99.2%



50.8%
49.2%


77.9%
97.7%

Pickup
6
2015

63.1%
36.9%
1.1%

98.9%



57.9%
37.6%

4.5%
87.4%
95.5%

Pickup
6
2016

63.2%
36.8%
0.8%

99.2%



56.9%
39.7%

3.4%
92.9%
96.6%

Pickup
6
2017
1.2%
66.7%
32.1%
1.3%

98.7%



50.9%
47.5%

1.6%
93.8%
98.4%

Pickup
6
2018
0.7%
67.6%
31.8%
0.6%

99.4%



23.4%
73.0%

3.6%
94.4%
96.4%

Pickup
8
1975

18.0%
82.0%
35.4%
64.6%



100.0%







Pickup
8
1976

27.5%
72.5%
32.4%
67.6%



100.0%







Pickup
8
1977

27.7%
72.3%
27.3%
72.7%



100.0%







Pickup
8
1978

34.7%
65.3%
27.9%
72.1%



98.4%



1.6%



Pickup
8
1979

10.2%
89.8%
18.6%
80.0%
1.5%


96.3%



3.7%



Pickup
8
1980

28.5%
71.5%
19.5%
32.6%
47.9%


90.4%



9.6%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-46	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Pickup
8
1981
470
0.326
17.4
13.8
16.1
14.8
640.9
544.9
605.4
4311


312
143
14.7
0.461
0.0334
32.2


Pickup
8
1982
476
0.331
17.8
14.2
16.5
15.1
631.8
536.5
598.2
4437


318
150
15.4
0.475
0.0341
34.4


Pickup
8
1983
437
0.269
17.2
13.6
16.1
14.7
647.3
542.7
610.6
4430


317
152
13.9
0.483
0.0346
33.3


Pickup
8
1984
561
0.275
16.9
13.3
15.9
14.4
663.5
552.5
621.7
4463


316
154
13.8
0.489
0.0347
32.6


Pickup
8
1985
668
0.321
16.7
13.2
15.6
14.2
668.6
560.0
626.8
4437


315
159
13.4
0.506
0.0361
31.9


Pickup
8
1986
675
0.267
17.4
13.6
16.3
14.7
648.2
537.5
603.6
4424


311
157
12.8
0.503
0.0356
32.8


Pickup
8
1987
451
0.210
17.0
13.2
15.9
14.4
669.2
550.4
619.7
4482


320
170
12.5
0.527
0.0379
32.3


Pickup
8
1988
800
0.325
17.5
13.4
16.7
14.8
662.2
526.8
602.8
4537


329
180
12.2
0.544
0.0397
33.6


Pickup
8
1989
726
0.326
17.5
13.3
16.8
14.7
668.0
525.0
603.9
4502


330
184
11.5
0.556
0.0411
33.3


Pickup
8
1990
688
0.375
17.3
13.0
16.8
14.5
681.5
524.9
611.2
4572


335
189
10.7
0.561
0.0414
33.4


Pickup
8
1991
520
0.271
17.3
12.9
16.8
14.5
687.2
526.7
612.1
4542


331
190
10.7
0.573
0.0420
33.1


Pickup
8
1992
577
0.313
17.4
12.9
17.0
14.6
688.0
521.9
608.6
4653


330
190
10.6
0.573
0.0410
34.0


Pickup
8
1993
608
0.304
17.7
13.0
17.2
14.8
680.6
513.4
599.6
4691


331
200
9.6
0.606
0.0429
34.8


Pickup
8
1994
906
0.339
17.6
12.9
16.9
14.7
685.9
523.1
605.9
4706


334
205
9.4
0.615
0.0437
34.5


Pickup
8
1995
939
0.414
17.3
12.6
16.6
14.4
700.9
532.4
617.1
4752


333
201
9.8
0.606
0.0425
34.3


Pickup
8
1996
771
0.394
17.7
12.8
17.0
14.6
692.8
520.9
607.3
4815


332
226
9.6
0.680
0.0470
35.3


Pickup
8
1997
1269
0.527
18.3
13.1
17.6
15.1
674.5
504.4
588.2
4933


318
229
9.7
0.721
0.0465
37.3


Pickup
8
1998
1070
0.443
18.0
12.8
17.3
14.8
691.5
510.4
598.8
4902


323
232
9.8
0.723
0.0477
36.4


Pickup
8
1999
1359
0.534
18.1
12.9
17.1
14.9
682.0
517.6
597.5
5043


324
245
9.7
0.758
0.0490
37.5


Pickup
8
2000
1254
0.480
18.8
13.4
17.5
15.3
660.2
507.4
580.0
4835


313
249
8.9
0.798
0.0517
37.1


Pickup
8
2001
1388
0.551
18.2
12.9
17.0
14.8
685.2
520.4
599.1
5022


316
252
8.9
0.801
0.0503
37.4


Pickup
8
2002
1372
0.576
18.3
12.9
16.9
14.8
685.7
523.6
598.8
5137


310
261
9.0
0.843
0.0511
38.2


Pickup
8
2003
1333
0.539
18.5
13.0
16.9
14.9
680.7
524.0
595.6
5133


311
265
CO
CO
0.855
0.0518
38.3


Pickup
8
2004
1657
0.661
18.5
13.0
16.9
14.9
682.3
523.3
594.5
5364


317
280
CO
CO
0.881
0.0524
40.1


Pickup
8
2005
1509
0.656
18.7
12.9
17.2
15.1
684.5
515.5
589.9
5370


316
287
8.6
0.906
0.0536
40.5


Pickup
8
2006
1349
0.617
19.0
13.1
17.3
15.2
674.4
510.9
583.1
5390


314
284
8.7
0.904
0.0529
41.1


Pickup
8
2007
1419
0.672
19.2
13.3
17.8
15.5
668.8
497.3
572.9
5544


318
299
8.6
0.937
0.0539
43.1


Pickup
8
2008
1178
0.657
19.6
13.4
18.2
15.8
655.5
483.2
561.8
5601
66.6

321
313
8.5
0.974
0.0559
44.6


Pickup
8
2009
694
0.702
20.1
13.7
18.8
16.2
645.8
470.6
547.2
5581
66.1

318
308
8.2
0.971
0.0553
45.4


Pickup
8
2010
960
0.752
20.3
13.9
19.0
16.4
639.8
465.9
542.6
5654
66.7

318
315
8.1
0.990
0.0557
46.4


Pickup
8
2011
923
0.624
20.4
14.0
19.3
16.6
634.6
457.9
536.5
5617
66.9

321
338
7.7
1.054
0.0602
46.7


Pickup
8
2012
853
0.628
20.4
13.9
19.3
16.6
635.4
457.4
536.5
5602
67.1

324
346
7.6
1.068
0.0619
46.6


Pickup
8
2013
958
0.607
20.7
14.1
19.6
16.8
626.6
450.6
528.5
5633
67.4

322
356
7.4
1.109
0.0633
47.5


Pickup
8
2014
1252
0.649
21.7
14.8
20.4
17.5
597.1
431.8
506.6
5684
68.1

328
361
7.3
1.103
0.0636
50.1


Pickup
8
2015
993
0.556
22.4
15.2
21.1
18.1
582.0
418.3
491.5
5495
67.7

328
358
7.2
1.092
0.0653
49.9


Pickup
8
2016
933
0.489
22.0
14.9
20.6
17.7
593.0
428.1
501.8
5560
67.4

329
360
7.1
1.098
0.0651
49.5


Pickup
8
2017
1097
0.534
22.1
15.0
20.7
17.8
591.5
426.2
499.7
5634
67.7

332
369
7.1
1.111
0.0657
50.3


Pickup
8
2018
-
0.445
22.5
15.3
20.9
18.1
578.5
421.6
491.7
5642
67.6

330
375
6.9
1.138
0.0669
51.1


Pickup
Other
1975




















Pickup
Other
1976




















Pickup
Other
1977




















Pickup
Other
1978




















Pickup
Other
1979




















Pickup
Other
1980




















Pickup
Other
1981




















Pickup
Other
1982




















Pickup
Other
1983




















Pickup
Other
1984




















Pickup
Other
1985




















Pickup
Other
1986




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-47	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
8
1981

17.0%
83.0%
16.8%
20.9%
62.2%


95.5%



4.5%



Pickup
8
1982

20.7%
79.3%
13.7%
29.8%
56.5%


84.6%



15.4%



Pickup
8
1983

25.6%
74.4%
11.5%
21.1%
66.5%

0.9%
92.9%



7.1%



Pickup
8
1984

29.1%
70.9%
12.8%
21.5%
65.7%


96.1%



3.9%



Pickup
8
1985

27.8%
72.2%
10.3%
25.3%
64.4%


85.1%

13.1%

1.8%



Pickup
8
1986

30.2%
69.8%
11.9%
16.2%
72.0%


66.8%

32.2%

1.0%



Pickup
8
1987
0.1%
34.1%
65.8%
14.4%
30.8%
54.8%


24.1%

30.0%
45.3%
0.6%



Pickup
8
1988
0.0%
38.1%
61.9%
13.4%
17.2%
69.4%


0.6%

27.4%
71.4%
0.6%



Pickup
8
1989

38.8%
61.2%
18.8%
9.1%
72.1%




29.3%
70.2%
0.5%



Pickup
8
1990

38.0%
62.0%
14.0%
7.0%
79.1%




30.2%
69.3%
0.5%



Pickup
8
1991

38.5%
61.5%
12.7%
2.0%
85.3%




30.8%
68.7%
0.6%



Pickup
8
1992

40.7%
59.3%
12.5%
0.2%
87.4%




44.2%
55.4%
0.4%



Pickup
8
1993
0.0%
43.0%
57.0%
8.1%

91.9%




45.1%
54.9%




Pickup
8
1994

45.4%
54.6%
6.1%

93.9%




46.3%
53.7%




Pickup
8
1995

48.9%
51.1%
9.4%

90.6%




50.1%
49.9%




Pickup
8
1996

45.0%
55.0%
5.3%

94.7%

0.1%


99.5%

0.5%



Pickup
8
1997

52.2%
47.8%
4.6%

95.4%




99.9%

0.1%



Pickup
8
1998

52.6%
47.4%
4.1%

95.9%




99.9%

0.1%



Pickup
8
1999

62.5%
37.5%
2.4%

97.6%




100.0%

0.0%



Pickup
8
2000

54.1%
45.9%
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


9.2%


Pickup
8
2001

51.2%
48.8%
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


5.3%


Pickup
8
2002

52.0%
48.0%
1.5%

98.5%




100.0%


6.6%


Pickup
8
2003

51.5%
48.5%
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


6.4%


Pickup
8
2004

54.2%
45.8%
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


27.3%
21.6%
0.0%
Pickup
8
2005

54.7%
45.3%
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


33.3%
33.3%
0.1%
Pickup
8
2006

53.4%
46.6%
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


39.4%
39.4%
0.2%
Pickup
8
2007

52.7%
47.3%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


33.6%
32.5%
0.0%
Pickup
8
2008

56.0%
44.0%
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


35.1%
35.0%

Pickup
8
2009

56.0%
44.0%


99.7%
0.3%



100.0%


27.9%
31.3%
0.3%
Pickup
8
2010

62.3%
37.7%


99.9%
0.1%



100.0%


54.4%
61.2%
0.1%
Pickup
8
2011

68.6%
31.4%


99.8%
0.2%



100.0%


32.2%
95.0%
0.2%
Pickup
8
2012

67.5%
32.5%


99.9%
0.1%



100.0%


33.6%
95.6%
0.1%
Pickup
8
2013

67.3%
32.7%


99.9%
0.1%



100.0%


40.6%
97.6%
0.1%
Pickup
8
2014

70.8%
29.2%


100.0%



44.2%
55.8%


32.1%
100.0%

Pickup
8
2015

73.8%
26.2%


100.0%



55.4%
44.6%


25.5%
85.9%

Pickup
8
2016

75.2%
24.8%


100.0%



44.3%
55.7%


29.9%
83.2%
0.1%
Pickup
8
2017

75.8%
24.2%


100.0%



52.4%
47.6%


27.7%
88.1%
0.2%
Pickup
8
2018

71.6%
28.4%


100.0%



62.1%
37.9%


33.4%
83.7%
0.4%
Pickup
Other
1975
















Pickup
Other
1976
















Pickup
Other
1977
















Pickup
Other
1978
















Pickup
Other
1979
















Pickup
Other
1980
















Pickup
Other
1981
















Pickup
Other
1982
















Pickup
Other
1983
















Pickup
Other
1984
















Pickup
Other
1985
















Pickup
Other
1986
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	H-48	March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine












Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot









Vehicle

Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60



Cu-Ft-
Cu-Ft-Ton-
Type
Cylinders
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
HP/WT
Ton-MPG
MPG
MPG
Pickup
Other
1987




















Pickup
Other
1988




















Pickup
Other
1989




















Pickup
Other
1990




















Pickup
Other
1991




















Pickup
Other
1992




















Pickup
Other
1993




















Pickup
Other
1994




















Pickup
Other
1995




















Pickup
Other
1996




















Pickup
Other
1997




















Pickup
Other
1998




















Pickup
Other
1999




















Pickup
Other
2000




















Pickup
Other
2001




















Pickup
Other
2002




















Pickup
Other
2003




















Pickup
Other
2004
3
0.001
13.0
8.6
13.6
10.8
1035.6
652.7
819.7
5135


505
500
5.2
0.990
0.0975
27.8


Pickup
Other
2005
5
0.002
12.3
8.4
12.1
10.2
1060.2
726.8
873.2
5825


505
500
6.0
0.990
0.0860
29.7


Pickup
Other
2006
2
0.001
12.3
8.4
12.1
10.2
1061.8
728.8
874.9
5833


505
500
6.0
0.990
0.0859
29.6


Pickup
Other
2007




















Pickup
Other
2008




















Pickup
Other
2009




















Pickup
Other
2010




















Pickup
Other
2011




















Pickup
Other
2012




















Pickup
Other
2013




















Pickup
Other
2014




















Pickup
Other
2015




















Pickup
Other
2016




















Pickup
Other
2017




















Pickup
Other
2018




















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
H-49
March 2019

-------
4vEPA
Environmental Protection
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table H: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Vehicle
Type
Cylinders
Model
Year
Drivetrain
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Front
4WD
Rear
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Pickup
Other
1987
















Pickup
Other
1988
















Pickup
Other
1989
















Pickup
Other
1990
















Pickup
Other
1991
















Pickup
Other
1992
















Pickup
Other
1993
















Pickup
Other
1994
















Pickup
Other
1995
















Pickup
Other
1996
















Pickup
Other
1997
















Pickup
Other
1998
















Pickup
Other
1999
















Pickup
Other
2000
















Pickup
Other
2001
















Pickup
Other
2002
















Pickup
Other
2003
















Pickup
Other
2004


100.0%
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%


Pickup
Other
2005


100.0%
35.0%

65.0%




100.0%





Pickup
Other
2006


100.0%
33.4%

66.6%




100.0%





Pickup
Other
2007
















Pickup
Other
2008
















Pickup
Other
2009
















Pickup
Other
2010
















Pickup
Other
2011
















Pickup
Other
2012
















Pickup
Other
2013
















Pickup
Other
2014
















Pickup
Other
2015
















Pickup
Other
2016
















Pickup
Other
2017
















Pickup
Other
2018
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
H-50
March 2019

-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1986
3625
0.402
29.7
22.8
29.0
25.2
364.8
294.8
352.3
2879

105.9
163
96
14.1
0.650
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1987
2039
0.229
29.1
22.2
28.2
24.7
373.2
302.4
360.5
2929

106.8
168
99
14.4
0.656
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1988
861
0.092
31.0
23.6
29.7
26.1
337.8
283.9
340.3
2907

107.6
163
92
15.1
0.655
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1989
422
0.049
32.2
24.4
30.5
27.0
338.1
280.5
329.3
2840

106.0
139
84
15.2
0.686
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1990
33
0.014
22.8
16.5
23.2
19.2
537.2
382.6
462.9
4500

149.1
305
140
12.2
0.459
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1991
1
0.005
33.9
26.3
30.0
28.0
337.5
295.7
317.3
2045

86.4
72
57
15.3
0.786
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1986
180
0.012
32.3
24.8
31.3
27.4
356.5
282.7
323.9
2707

100.9
118
98
12.7
0.835
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1987
832
0.056
34.9
27.4
32.3
29.4
319.9
271.8
301.9
2491

93.5
98
76
15.5
0.766
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1988
885
0.058
34.0
26.5
31.4
28.6
332.4
280.4
311.0
2549

96.0
100
84
14.7
0.834
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1989
552
0.038
34.0
26.2
31.4
28.4
336.0
280.4
312.5
2598

95.5
102
90
13.6
0.885
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1990
89
0.007
36.2
28.0
32.6
30.1
314.8
271.0
295.7
2399

90.0
90
79
13.3
0.878
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1991
3
0.000
41.0
31.9
35.8
33.7
278.6
247.8
263.6
2088

88.6
73
66
13.5
0.904
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1992
1
0.000
41.0
31.6
35.7
33.5
280.8
248.9
265.0
2087

88.6
73
66
13.2
0.904
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1997
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-1	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1986
3132
0.257
28.5
21.7
27.9
24.2
404.2
314.2
367.4
2999

108.8
158
98
14.3
0.637
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1987
3274
0.314
29.3
22.2
28.7
24.8
394.5
306.3
358.0
2920

107.4
148
97
14.3
0.671
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1988
3027
0.330
30.7
23.2
29.7
25.9
375.8
295.2
343.6
2840

107.0
141
97
14.4
0.709
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1989
2345
0.308
29.7
22.1
29.2
25.0
389.9
299.4
355.5
2954

107.9
157
105
13.5
0.699
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1990
1477
0.240
30.5
22.6
29.8
25.5
385.1
293.9
348.0
2925

105.5
145
101
12.9
0.717
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1991
1446
0.254
29.5
21.5
29.2
24.7
397.2
297.7
360.5
3032

106.8
164
109
12.7
0.698
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1992
688
0.165
29.5
21.6
28.6
24.6
379.7
297.7
361.6
3099

109.6
180
112
12.5
0.682
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1993
579
0.136
30.6
22.3
29.4
25.4
367.9
288.9
350.4
3037

110.0
166
105
11.9
0.690
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1994
431
0.121
34.2
25.1
31.6
28.0
334.1
269.1
317.1
2622

100.4
118
84
12.6
0.741
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1995
109
0.084
38.9
28.8
34.4
31.4
290.6
246.5
282.7
2365

102.6
93
74
13.5
0.831
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1996
86
0.007
42.5
31.4
36.7
34.0
274.7
236.2
261.7
2144

100.0
86
66
14.3
0.778
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1997
67
0.005
40.3
29.6
34.8
32.1
293.3
250.3
276.6
2202

90.5
76
67
14.6
0.889
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1998
12
0.001
53.6
38.1
46.1
42.0
233.3
192.7
211.7
2000

89.7
60
55
15.3
0.917
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
8
0.001
50.3
35.4
43.5
39.3
251.2
204.1
225.9
2000

88.0
61
55
15.2
0.902
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
5
0.000
50.8
35.8
43.0
39.4
248.4
206.8
225.7
2000

88.0
61
55
14.6
0.902
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-3	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves
Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/CID
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1988
195
0.013
38.1
29.9
34.6
31.9
295.1
255.8
278.3
2379

94.5
91
71
15.6
0.775
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1989
445
0.031
35.2
27.2
32.4
29.4
325.2
272.2
301.9
2475

98.7
95
91
13.0
0.961
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1990
382
0.030
36.5
28.0
33.1
30.3
315.3
267.4
293.5
2513

97.7
94
91
12.2
0.971
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1991
416
0.033
35.4
27.1
32.0
29.3
324.9
276.2
303.5
2591

95.1
94
97
12.2
1.031
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1992
155
0.013
32.6
24.5
30.0
26.9
360.4
294.6
329.8
2746

93.1
98
102
12.0
1.039
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1993
135
0.010
32.3
24.0
29.7
26.6
363.4
295.3
334.4
2776

99.3
103
111
10.8
1.062
Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1986
3698
0.303
25.6
19.2
25.9
21.8
452.8
337.9
408.2
3271

109.2
187
136
11.7
0.768
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1987
3815
0.349
25.2
18.8
25.7
21.5
465.4
340.2
414.2
3307

110.4
192
139
11.7
0.762
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1988
4713
0.437
26.0
19.2
26.4
22.0
456.1
332.2
404.0
3319

111.0
193
137
12.2
0.736
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-5	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1989
4804
0.473
26.1
19.1
26.4
22.0
455.8
332.3
403.6
3321

112.2
190
135
11.8
0.739
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1990
4388
0.514
25.9
18.8
26.4
21.8
462.2
332.5
406.9
3407

112.9
194
139
11.1
0.739
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1991
4162
0.508
26.3
19.0
26.6
22.1
456.3
328.2
402.6
3351

112.7
190
143
11.0
0.768
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1992
4574
0.596
26.4
18.8
26.9
22.1
462.6
326.1
401.8
3373

113.0
193
147
10.6
0.777
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1993
4773
0.625
27.2
19.3
27.4
22.7
450.1
320.2
391.8
3306

112.3
188
141
10.1
0.766
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1994
4533
0.610
26.8
18.9
27.1
22.3
461.2
323.8
398.4
3389

112.8
195
147
9.9
0.766
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1995
4377
0.560
27.0
18.8
27.5
22.5
459.8
318.6
395.5
3402

113.8
199
158
9.7
0.804
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1996
3273
0.599
27.0
18.8
27.3
22.4
464.5
321.7
396.7
3426

112.7
196
159
10.0
0.822
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1997
3374
0.599
27.4
19.0
27.5
22.6
459.2
319.5
392.9
3383

113.2
191
159
10.0
0.840
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1998
3051
0.589
27.1
18.6
27.2
22.3
470.5
323.9
398.3
3391

111.9
194
164
10.0
0.848
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
2941
0.565
27.1
18.5
26.9
22.2
472.8
327.7
400.3
3412

111.6
195
163
10.1
0.843
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
3155
0.550
27.3
18.6
27.0
22.3
471.5
327.3
398.0
3449

112.2
194
169
9.6
0.868
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
2691
0.506
27.6
18.6
27.1
22.4
471.0
325.3
396.0
3452

112.3
195
170
9.3
0.875
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
2464
0.465
28.2
18.9
27.3
22.8
463.7
321.9
389.7
3428

111.9
196
171
9.3
0.883
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
2015
0.441
27.3
18.1
26.7
22.1
486.0
330.4
402.0
3612

115.3
207
183
9.0
0.892
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
1669
0.374
26.9
17.7
26.4
21.8
496.9
333.8
407.9
3648

114.3
219
194
8.7
0.891
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
1621
0.336
27.1
17.8
26.3
21.8
494.8
335.4
407.5
3712

116.3
222
201
8.6
0.918
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
1298
0.264
26.4
17.3
25.9
21.3
508.6
339.0
416.5
3806

116.6
238
221
8.3
0.931
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
681
0.225
25.5
16.7
25.0
20.6
523.6
351.8
431.1
3794

112.5
237
216
8.6
0.922
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
455
0.188
24.6
16.0
24.5
20.0
548.9
358.5
444.9
3987
48.7
113.7
266
246
8.0
0.919
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
123
0.115
24.0
15.7
23.7
19.5
562.2
372.2
456.6
4011
48.8
108.5
292
276
7.3
0.960
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
138
0.077
24.2
15.9
23.9
19.6
556.3
370.5
452.6
4025
49.0
103.4
302
296
7.0
0.966
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
117
0.039
24.5
16.2
24.2
20.0
533.3
363.2
445.1
4059
49.3
108.8
300
308
7.3
1.008
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
62
0.019
25.9
17.4
25.4
21.2
481.4
340.6
419.9
3611
46.6
99.6
266
312
7.4
1.103
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
62
0.009
25.8
17.4
25.0
21.0
481.8
345.3
423.1
3568
46.5
96.8
266
322
7.3
1.132
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
58
0.005
29.2
20.1
27.1
23.6
421.3
319.6
376.6
3292
45.6
110.1
187
204
9.1
1.020
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
50
0.003
30.4
19.9
29.1
24.3
429.0
295.0
365.9
3278
45.7
110.0
189
202
9.1
1.008
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
2
0.000
21.0
14.0
21.1
17.3
632.8
420.8
512.3
4000
49.8
129.4
378
415
5.1
1.097
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
18
0.001
22.8
14.7
23.9
18.8
603.5
370.9
471.5
4390
52.0
119.0
388
458
4.9
1.180
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.001
23.1
14.8
24.2
19.0
598.1
366.8
466.7
4500
52.5
114.6
391
485
4.8
1.242
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1986
345
0.022
29.8
23.1
28.5
25.3
376.3
307.1
351.3
2833

90.5
119
125
11.3
1.048
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1987
744
0.050
30.3
23.2
29.1
25.6
375.2
300.7
346.8
2965

97.4
122
125
11.8
1.020
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1988
1055
0.069
28.9
21.9
28.0
24.4
399.0
312.9
364.3
3076

100.7
131
133
11.8
1.018
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1989
1446
0.100
28.5
21.4
27.7
24.0
409.6
317.7
370.6
3057

100.5
132
132
11.4
1.001
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1990
2384
0.189
28.9
21.7
27.6
24.2
403.5
319.2
367.6
3004

98.7
126
132
10.8
1.043
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1991
2277
0.181
29.2
21.8
27.6
24.3
399.8
318.0
365.6
2975

98.9
126
131
10.8
1.045
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1992
2315
0.190
29.3
21.6
28.1
24.4
399.8
311.3
364.7
3047

101.4
128
134
10.6
1.050
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1993
2567
0.194
29.3
21.4
28.2
24.3
402.8
309.1
365.4
3084

103.1
134
138
9.9
1.031
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1994
2775
0.219
29.0
20.9
27.9
24.0
412.0
312.7
371.1
3127

104.2
140
144
9.7
1.032
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1995
3981
0.295
29.4
20.9
28.5
24.2
414.1
306.5
367.0
3129

104.9
140
147
9.9
1.058
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1996
3602
0.324
28.9
20.4
28.2
23.8
425.7
311.1
373.8
3191

107.4
145
151
10.1
1.046
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1997
3947
0.331
29.0
20.3
28.3
23.8
427.8
310.8
373.2
3193

107.0
145
152
10.1
1.052
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1998
3428
0.308
29.5
20.5
28.5
24.1
423.8
307.7
369.3
3239

107.9
144
153
10.4
1.068
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
3983
0.326
28.8
19.9
27.9
23.5
438.1
315.0
378.3
3342

108.9
150
162
10.2
1.087
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
3812
0.298
28.3
19.4
27.2
23.0
450.4
323.6
387.1
3367

109.7
152
165
9.7
1.091
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-7	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
3309
0.296
27.9
19.0
26.8
22.6
460.3
329.1
393.0
3435

109.8
155
168
9.4
1.090
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
2993
0.280
27.5
18.7
26.1
22.2
469.0
337.3
400.9
3438

110.3
158
176
9.3
1.131
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
2604
0.251
28.2
19.1
26.5
22.6
458.4
331.5
392.7
3416

107.5
156
173
9.2
1.126
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
2515
0.239
28.2
18.9
26.7
22.6
462.5
328.3
392.9
3458

110.7
158
179
9.1
1.146
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
2231
0.204
28.2
18.8
26.5
22.5
464.6
331.3
394.6
3507

112.2
160
182
9.0
1.151
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
1803
0.179
27.9
18.6
26.1
22.2
470.4
335.6
399.5
3574

115.5
166
191
8.8
1.165
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
2123
0.200
29.2
19.4
27.4
23.3
447.2
318.6
381.8
3484

112.1
161
187
8.9
1.171
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
2100
0.221
29.8
19.8
27.9
23.7
438.4
314.0
374.7
3471
44.7
111.7
159
185
9.1
1.164
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
887
0.156
30.7
20.3
28.3
24.1
426.8
307.1
368.2
3402
44.4
110.2
154
179
9.0
1.161
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
377
0.078
30.1
20.0
28.1
23.9
428.6
308.6
371.1
3518
46.5
112.6
169
194
8.9
1.152
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
170
0.022
31.8
21.0
29.4
25.1
407.0
296.3
354.1
3391
45.0
111.5
166
200
8.7
1.196
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
23
0.004
32.5
22.1
28.2
25.2
395.7
311.8
353.0
3340
42.8
109.2
131
160
9.6
1.203
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
11
0.005
27.4
18.4
25.3
21.8
469.8
350.8
408.5
3706
47.4
39.6
218
348
8.0
1.412
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
17
0.005
27.0
17.7
26.3
21.7
498.0
337.0
409.1
4000
50.0
114.4
254
393
5.8
1.487
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
15
0.010
28.3
18.7
26.9
22.6
476.0
330.3
393.4
4101
51.5
122.0
214
287
6.8
1.344
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
6
0.009
26.5
17.8
25.8
21.6
499.4
344.8
411.5
4087
51.5
122.0
214
287
6.8
1.344
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.011
15.7
11.1
17.4
14.0
804.0
509.5
636.3
3500
47.8
59.4
354
816
3.1
2.355
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1992
5
0.000
18.2
13.3
18.0
15.3
665.9
493.3
580.8
4500

50.0
303
322
7.2
1.063
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1993
0
0.000
17.9
12.9
18.1
15.1
685.2
490.1
589.9
4000

82.3
329
345
5.7
1.049
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1994
0
0.000
16.6
11.0
19.8
14.2
804.3
449.6
625.4
4500

90.8
340
377
5.4
1.109
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1995
8
0.001
22.2
15.5
23.0
18.6
573.6
384.4
478.4
3581

57.7
229
275
6.2
1.209
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1996
8
0.001
21.0
14.6
21.5
17.5
601.3
408.3
506.7
3646

68.2
236
296
6.3
1.276
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1997
7
0.000
21.3
14.7
21.8
17.7
599.7
404.4
502.4
3597

65.1
231
292
6.3
1.282
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1998
4
0.000
21.4
14.8
21.6
17.7
598.5
408.4
501.1
3806

78.3
253
286
6.7
1.152
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
3
0.000
22.0
15.0
22.7
18.3
590.1
389.8
486.3
4153

118.0
266
304
7.2
1.149
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
38
0.002
25.6
17.4
24.9
20.8
510.1
354.9
426.7
3455

101.8
173
177
8.6
1.023
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
33
0.002
56.3
39.8
43.4
41.8
223.1
204.8
212.8
3000

101.5
82
85
12.3
1.037
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
23
0.001
56.2
39.3
43.2
41.4
226.1
205.7
214.6
3000

101.5
82
85
11.9
1.037
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
98
0.006
40.2
27.5
33.7
30.7
310.4
258.1
289.2
3000

112.5
102
118
10.1
1.146
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
190
0.017
30.8
20.5
28.4
24.4
389.5
297.7
364.6
3506

113.4
183
197
8.8
1.113
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
545
0.057
29.4
19.2
28.3
23.5
443.3
309.2
377.7
3786

116.2
205
200
8.8
0.995
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
438
0.048
29.0
18.8
28.6
23.3
452.1
305.2
380.8
3908
46.7
116.7
207
207
8.7
1.017
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
327
0.047
28.1
18.2
27.7
22.6
466.0
314.4
392.6
3988
47.6
117.5
225
227
8.3
1.019
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
296
0.068
30.0
19.5
29.2
24.1
410.7
293.4
369.0
3880
47.1
115.9
227
233
8.2
1.044
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
255
0.096
28.4
18.5
27.6
22.7
462.0
318.0
390.7
4016
48.0
121.2
230
228
8.4
0.994
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
70
0.061
27.9
18.2
27.1
22.4
401.6
305.5
397.1
4047
49.5
110.9
287
304
7.1
1.088
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-9	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves
Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Model
Year
Prod
(000)
Frac
Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Vol
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/CID
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
85
0.060
26.8
17.4
26.4
21.6
431.8
317.8
411.4
4127
50.0
112.0
300
320
6.9
1.089
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
81
0.053
24.8
16.1
25.1
20.2
502.1
343.2
439.8
4291
51.2
113.3
331
353
6.4
1.076
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
74
0.018
24.4
15.8
24.7
19.9
521.8
350.0
446.1
4343
51.4
111.7
348
410
5.6
1.175
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
73
0.020
23.1
15.0
24.0
19.1
589.3
368.6
466.4
4501
52.5
114.5
368
468
5.0
1.265
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
32
0.020
23.9
15.4
24.8
19.7
572.2
356.7
452.1
4489
52.5
114.5
356
420
5.3
1.172
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.011
23.2
15.2
24.0
19.2
582.7
368.4
463.0
4505
52.8
116.4
355
452
5.2
1.259
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1990
54
0.004
23.0
17.1
22.6
19.3
520.0
393.7
459.8
4000

111.9
249
252
8.0
1.013
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1991
208
0.017
30.2
22.2
29.4
25.2
378.8
287.8
352.2
3142

99.7
145
157
10.3
1.104
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1992
366
0.030
28.5
20.8
27.7
23.8
402.7
304.8
374.2
3256

99.7
150
167
9.7
1.133
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1993
402
0.030
29.2
21.2
28.1
24.2
401.2
304.8
367.3
3213

96.8
140
161
9.2
1.168
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1994
675
0.048
30.2
21.8
29.0
24.9
396.0
299.7
356.4
3216

98.8
132
150
9.5
1.154
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1995
914
0.060
29.7
21.2
28.5
24.4
408.7
305.5
363.9
3276

102.3
142
159
9.4
1.136
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1996
913
0.069
29.8
21.1
28.7
24.5
410.7
304.0
362.9
3222

103.3
141
155
9.9
1.114
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1997
934
0.065
29.2
20.6
28.1
23.9
419.2
309.4
371.5
3295

101.1
149
167
9.6
1.137
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1998
1461
0.101
29.3
20.5
28.2
24.0
424.9
310.5
371.0
3294

103.8
147
164
9.9
1.123
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1999
1428
0.108
28.6
19.8
27.5
23.3
440.9
318.8
382.0
3336

104.8
151
172
9.7
1.136
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2000
2132
0.150
29.1
20.1
27.8
23.6
430.7
314.1
376.1
3262

105.8
148
173
9.1
1.171
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2001
2344
0.193
30.3
20.8
28.4
24.4
408.9
304.2
364.2
3220

105.2
143
168
9.2
1.168
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2002
2811
0.253
30.3
20.7
28.3
24.3
416.9
308.3
365.7
3312

108.1
148
172
9.3
1.159
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2003
3240
0.304
30.6
20.6
28.7
24.4
419.7
305.0
363.5
3303

107.9
149
176
9.0
1.179
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2004
3307
0.384
30.4
20.3
28.4
24.2
421.5
307.1
367.3
3374

108.3
151
181
9.0
1.187
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2005
4040
0.451
31.1
20.7
28.7
24.6
408.9
302.2
360.6
3349

108.9
149
177
9.0
1.174
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2006
4651
0.537
30.5
20.3
28.4
24.2
420.9
306.1
366.6
3444

108.5
156
188
8.8
1.203
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2007
4703
0.515
31.9
21.2
29.3
25.2
398.1
296.2
352.8
3445

108.4
153
185
8.8
1.200
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2008
4089
0.519
32.2
21.4
29.6
25.4
392.6
293.4
349.9
3446
44.9
108.1
152
187
8.9
1.211
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2009
4004
0.635
33.4
22.2
30.5
26.3
386.0
286.4
338.3
3391
44.7
109.9
145
174
9.0
1.192
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2010
4789
0.687
34.4
22.9
31.2
27.0
365.8
278.1
328.8
3390
44.8
110.5
145
174
9.0
1.190
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2011
4178
0.679
33.9
22.4
30.7
26.5
379.7
283.8
335.7
3462
45.3
110.5
150
183
8.8
1.219
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2012
5219
0.677
36.1
23.8
32.4
28.0
355.8
269.9
317.2
3399
45.2
110.8
143
175
8.9
1.219
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2013
4949
0.605
37.7
24.9
33.5
29.2
338.2
260.1
304.6
3372
45.1
109.8
139
175
8.8
1.260
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2014
4142
0.545
38.3
25.1
33.7
29.4
334.8
259.1
302.4
3398
45.4
110.8
140
176
8.8
1.253
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2015
4229
0.533
39.3
25.7
34.6
30.1
327.7
252.7
295.1
3374
45.5
111.6
140
174
8.8
1.233
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2016
3417
0.478
38.9
25.3
34.5
29.9
333.4
252.9
297.7
3388
45.9
112.9
143
179
8.7
1.244
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2017
3195
0.461
39.8
26.1
35.3
30.7
321.9
246.3
289.6
3351
45.8
113.1
142
175
8.8
1.214
Sedan/Wagon
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2018
-
0.438
41.3
27.0
35.6
31.3
308.6
243.6
283.5
3376
45.9
113.1
141
178
8.6
1.236
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1991
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-11	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves






Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine









Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot








Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
4
0.000
30.6
20.2
28.8
24.3
438.6
309.0
365.1
3000

77.2
98
168
7.9
1.714
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
110
0.008
30.3
20.1
28.4
24.1
440.6
312.5
368.9
3756
44.3
104.3
122
202
8.0
1.650
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
95
0.010
30.7
20.6
28.1
24.3
430.5
315.5
365.8
3749
44.8
103.6
121
204
7.8
1.687
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Mult
-Valve
2003
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-13	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
22
0.001
34.4
23.1
30.7
26.9
378.7
287.7
330.2
3108

75.0
103
193
7.4
1.860
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
123
0.015
26.4
17.5
25.3
21.2
495.6
345.4
418.3
3872
46.8
105.9
201
275
6.9
1.420
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
159
0.032
26.8
17.7
25.7
21.5
490.2
342.5
413.2
3970
45.7
101.0
187
284
6.7
1.549
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
400
0.083
28.1
18.5
27.2
22.6
472.1
324.1
393.2
3945
46.9
106.8
175
261
7.2
1.523
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
942
0.154
30.8
20.0
29.3
24.4
435.7
298.4
363.8
3830
47.6
111.7
167
248
7.3
1.511
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
1875
0.225
33.5
21.8
31.3
26.4
394.0
279.5
337.0
3560
46.1
110.6
154
223
7.7
1.464
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
2906
0.305
34.1
22.3
31.7
26.8
389.2
277.1
331.6
3586
46.6
111.4
149
222
7.7
1.500
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
3081
0.327
34.4
22.5
31.8
27.0
386.6
275.9
329.4
3591
46.6
111.8
148
220
7.8
1.495
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
3297
0.356
35.2
22.9
32.3
27.5
379.4
271.0
323.6
3597
46.7
111.9
144
218
7.8
1.525
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
3468
0.427
36.9
24.0
33.4
28.6
360.7
261.7
310.7
3500
46.2
111.2
132
204
8.0
1.564
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
3450
0.440
37.4
24.5
34.1
29.2
350.7
255.5
304.2
3528
46.4
111.6
127
202
8.1
1.608
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.447
37.1
24.3
33.2
28.7
351.6
262.1
309.4
3588
46.9
112.5
127
215
7.7
1.711
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1994
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
35
0.047
25.9
16.3
27.7
21.3
545.6
321.0
418.0
3500
46.2
50.0
378
450
4.5
1.189
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
31
0.062
24.9
15.8
26.2
20.4
560.5
333.2
435.2
3630
46.8
50.0
378
499
4.1
1.319
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-15	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
58
0.052
24.6
15.7
26.4
20.4
562.9
333.7
435.4
3802
47.3
69.4
378
497
4.3
1.315
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
64
0.054
24.6
15.8
25.6
20.2
557.2
343.1
439.8
3898
47.5
71.0
358
466
4.7
1.340
Sedan/Wagon
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.052
24.7
16.0
25.2
20.2
547.4
348.7
440.0
3942
47.9
77.8
344
459
4.9
1.400
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1986
35
0.004
40.5
32.0
37.5
34.3
307.8
259.4
296.8
2906

106.2
123
74
16.9
0.584
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1987
27
0.003
30.5
24.3
27.5
25.7
406.5
354.7
396.4
3584

110.8
172
129
13.2
0.737
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1988
1
0.001
37.4
29.5
33.6
31.3
344.8
302.7
324.9
3000

95.9
152
93
14.9
0.612
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1989
4
0.001
45.5
35.0
41.6
37.9
289.0
243.2
268.6
2813

103.0
102
55
19.1
0.541
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1990
4
0.001
36.7
28.1
33.4
30.5
346.2
290.8
334.0
3280

107.5
141
93
14.9
0.643
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1991
11
0.001
35.3
26.9
32.0
29.2
359.1
303.7
348.9
3346

107.4
148
96
14.7
0.635
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1992
5
0.001
32.3
24.5
29.4
26.7
399.7
336.2
381.7
3691

110.2
154
115
13.1
0.737
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1994
1
0.000
27.8
20.0
26.9
23.0
508.9
377.9
442.7
5000

123.7
210
148
12.8
0.705
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1995
6
0.000
33.9
24.6
31.5
27.7
412.6
322.7
367.7
4076

107.7
185
135
12.5
0.730
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1996
8
0.001
42.5
30.4
39.0
34.3
329.3
257.8
296.8
3674

116.3
139
105
13.5
0.761
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1997
6
0.001
41.4
29.3
37.9
33.3
335.4
260.4
305.7
3610

110.1
144
109
12.8
0.759
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1998
15
0.001
46.3
32.3
42.2
36.9
306.4
237.7
275.9
3222

102.8
131
109
12.6
0.816
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
1999
14
0.001
44.4
30.9
40.2
35.2
316.5
248.0
288.8
3348

103.5
139
119
12.2
0.839
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2000
21
0.001
49.8
34.3
43.8
38.9
294.3
231.9
261.7
3000

100.0
116
90
12.9
0.776
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2001
23
0.001
49.1
33.5
43.1
38.2
301.1
235.5
266.5
3103

100.1
116
90
13.1
0.776
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2002
33
0.002
47.8
32.3
42.2
37.1
312.9
240.7
274.4
3226

101.7
116
90
13.8
0.776
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2003
30
0.002
49.9
33.5
43.1
38.3
301.5
235.6
266.0
3207

105.7
116
90
13.4
0.776
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2004
22
0.001
44.3
29.1
39.8
34.3
345.5
254.4
296.5
3319

106.7
117
105
12.3
0.897
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2005
36
0.003
40.3
26.4
36.7
31.4
380.0
275.9
324.4
3571

111.1
132
128
11.6
0.958
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2006
51
0.004
43.3
29.0
37.1
33.1
349.1
273.7
307.4
3531

105.8
125
111
12.5
0.879
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2007
4
0.001
31.8
20.9
30.0
25.3
481.5
333.6
402.3
4572

130.7
182
212
8.9
1.164
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2008
5
0.001
32.5
21.6
29.8
25.6
467.8
336.3
397.3
4358
50.0
123.6
182
211
8.7
1.160
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2009
41
0.005
44.1
28.8
39.4
34.0
351.5
257.7
299.4
3546
42.8
107.0
124
146
10.1
1.174
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2010
62
0.007
45.2
29.2
40.9
34.9
347.6
248.7
291.6
3514
42.5
113.6
122
143
10.2
1.175
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2011
66
0.008
43.6
27.9
38.6
33.1
361.4
262.9
307.3
3605
43.4
108.1
130
157
9.9
1.196
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2012
89
0.009
44.8
29.1
39.5
34.2
347.9
257.3
297.3
3543
44.1
110.9
122
143
10.3
1.167
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2013
109
0.009
44.8
29.5
39.5
34.5
344.8
257.1
295.4
3519
44.6
111.4
121
141
10.4
1.166
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2014
120
0.010
44.6
29.0
39.8
34.3
349.3
255.5
296.6
3650
45.8
111.8
126
156
10.0
1.226
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2015
80
0.009
47.0
29.9
41.0
35.4
339.2
247.7
287.6
3712
45.3
114.5
123
156
10.0
1.268
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2016
6
0.005
41.9
27.1
38.9
32.8
373.1
261.1
310.5
4319
49.6
115.1
155
218
8.5
1.425
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2017
6
0.003
48.5
30.9
44.2
37.3
329.3
229.5
273.0
3807
47.6
107.5
115
167
9.4
1.452
Sedan/Wagon
Diesel
2018
-
0.009
48.4
30.3
43.4
36.6
334.9
232.5
277.9
3769
47.1
106.9
115
166
9.4
1.438
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1986
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1987
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1988
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1989
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1990
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1991
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1992
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1993
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1994
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-17	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1995
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1996
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1997
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1998
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
1999
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2000
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2001
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2002
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2003
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2004
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2005
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2006
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2007
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2008
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2009
















Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2010
0
0.000
85.7
59.4
60.8
60.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4000
47.8
113.9

130
9.2

Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2011
15
0.001
104.1
76.0
69.0
71.8
0.0
0.0
64.3
3587
44.2
107.6
90
120
9.7
1.619
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2012
55
0.004
87.5
63.8
60.2
61.7
0.0
0.0
116.1
3768
45.5
110.3
97
154
9.0
1.470
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2013
105
0.007
102.7
91.7
73.2
80.2
0.0
0.0
70.4
3866
46.1
112.9
102
175
8.6
1.577
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2014
105
0.007
99.5
76.1
60.7
66.5
0.0
0.0
94.1
3838
45.7
109.3
98
185
8.1
1.909
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2015
124
0.007
113.7
86.7
70.7
76.8
0.0
0.0
58.9
3839
45.6
109.7
99
195
8.0
2.168
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2016
105
0.008
122.8
94.7
81.5
86.7
0.0
0.0
49.4
4045
46.7
110.9
105
191
7.4
1.251
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2017
204
0.014
138.6
118.5
75.0
89.1
0.0
0.0
61.4
3958
45.7
111.2
103
153
7.6
1.114
Sedan/Wagon
Alternative Fuel
2018
-
0.027
135.9
85.9
73.9
78.6
0.0
0.0
27.6
4014
47.4
112.6
97
220
6.3
1.176
Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Car SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-19	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Car SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
301
0.565
21.9
15.5
20.6
17.9
569.9
431.0
497.2
3921


243
169
10.5
0.703
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
407
0.550
21.3
15.0
19.9
17.3
588.1
445.5
513.3
3939


239
176
9.9
0.745
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
423
0.506
22.3
15.8
20.6
18.1
555.6
428.2
491.9
3860


220
183
9.5
0.852
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
179
0.465
22.8
15.8
21.5
18.5
553.9
405.6
479.8
3916


223
188
9.5
0.861
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
183
0.441
22.5
15.7
20.6
18.1
561.3
427.6
490.6
3919


217
190
9.4
0.883
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
156
0.374
23.3
15.8
22.0
18.8
560.4
400.7
473.3
4000


214
191
9.5
0.895
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
264
0.336
24.4
16.4
22.9
19.6
539.3
387.3
453.9
4000


207
188
9.4
0.908
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
68
0.264
23.8
16.0
22.5
19.2
552.6
394.0
464.0
4000


219
205
9.1
0.934
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
159
0.225
24.6
16.5
23.1
19.7
537.1
385.2
450.8
4000


209
191
9.5
0.915
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
96
0.188
25.4
17.0
24.0
20.4
521.3
370.6
435.5
4000
48.6

204
185
9.7
0.907
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
36
0.115
25.4
17.0
23.9
20.4
521.4
371.0
435.8
4000
48.6

204
185
9.4
0.907
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
25
0.019
23.5
16.0
21.8
18.9
557.1
406.8
471.4
4000
44.9

226
210
9.0
0.930
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
165
0.326
24.3
17.7
21.6
19.6
492.6
405.3
453.5
3645


156
164
10.8
1.056
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
179
0.298
23.7
17.2
21.0
19.1
509.2
417.7
466.2
3691


154
161
10.5
1.052
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
246
0.296
24.1
17.0
22.1
19.5
518.2
398.6
456.3
3697


161
173
9.9
1.074
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
314
0.280
23.4
16.4
21.4
18.8
536.8
411.1
471.9
3774


174
177
9.9
1.021
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
279
0.251
25.5
17.5
23.5
20.4
504.3
375.6
434.9
3666


166
172
9.8
1.036
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
240
0.239
25.0
17.1
23.1
20.0
517.1
382.0
444.1
3793


177
181
9.6
1.026
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-21	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
327
0.204
26.2
18.0
23.4
20.7
489.4
379.1
429.1
3680


163
174
9.7
1.076
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
432
0.179
25.8
17.6
23.4
20.5
499.5
377.6
433.3
3813


175
176
9.8
1.015
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
329
0.200
25.7
17.5
23.4
20.4
501.5
377.2
435.1
4035


184
210
9.3
1.128
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
306
0.221
26.7
18.1
24.3
21.2
474.6
364.9
419.5
3941
46.3

181
208
9.0
1.137
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
124
0.156
26.5
17.9
24.4
21.1
493.2
362.6
421.4
3949
46.6

185
226
8.3
1.221
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
1
0.078
26.6
18.4
23.5
21.0
483.1
378.2
423.3
4000
46.3

165
173
10.3
1.048
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
2
0.022
22.8
15.4
21.5
18.4
576.1
414.3
483.8
4014
47.4

234
225
8.5
0.962
Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
















Car SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
32
0.017
26.5
17.6
25.4
21.3
505.8
350.3
417.2
4000


213
255
7.7
1.197
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
22
0.108
24.5
17.5
22.5
19.9
507.3
395.2
447.2
4000


183
220
9.2
1.202
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
31
0.150
24.2
17.2
22.2
19.6
516.2
400.9
453.7
4000


183
220
8.8
1.202
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
74
0.193
27.1
19.1
24.4
21.7
458.3
359.6
409.5
3454


150
181
9.3
1.208
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
110
0.253
28.2
19.8
25.2
22.5
444.5
349.7
395.7
3396


144
170
9.7
1.183
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
113
0.304
27.8
19.4
24.8
22.1
453.6
355.0
402.1
3510


160
188
9.2
1.171
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
242
0.384
26.0
17.8
23.9
20.8
491.7
368.5
427.8
3820


190
218
8.5
1.145
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
222
0.451
25.4
17.3
23.4
20.3
502.8
375.8
438.0
3913


194
223
8.4
1.143
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
220
0.537
26.0
17.7
23.7
20.7
492.3
370.0
430.2
3942


185
211
8.9
1.137
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
430
0.515
26.7
18.1
24.3
21.2
484.3
362.2
419.7
3835


178
213
8.8
1.206
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
501
0.519
26.9
18.3
24.6
21.4
479.0
357.8
415.1
3856
45.6

174
203
9.2
1.165
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
441
0.635
28.5
19.3
25.7
22.5
450.9
343.0
394.8
3802
45.8

171
202
8.8
1.173
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-23	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
675
0.687
29.0
19.6
26.2
22.9
447.0
337.2
388.3
3879
46.4

176
213
8.6
1.208
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
871
0.679
30.1
20.3
27.0
23.6
434.8
327.7
376.2
3799
46.0

169
206
8.7
1.214
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
740
0.677
30.1
20.3
26.9
23.6
433.2
328.4
376.6
3784
45.8

170
209
8.6
1.226
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
790
0.605
30.9
20.7
27.8
24.2
424.5
317.8
367.1
3913
46.6

173
216
8.5
1.244
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
753
0.545
32.0
21.4
28.7
25.0
410.3
307.6
354.9
3778
45.6

160
199
8.8
1.251
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
803
0.533
32.9
22.1
29.1
25.6
397.0
302.4
346.7
3782
45.3

153
191
8.9
1.266
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
936
0.478
34.4
23.1
30.1
26.6
380.7
293.1
333.9
3667
44.8

141
178
9.2
1.280
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
822
0.461
33.9
22.7
30.3
26.5
387.4
291.5
335.7
3739
45.3

149
189
8.9
1.287
Car SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.438
34.3
22.8
30.4
26.6
385.6
290.7
334.4
3713
45.3

148
181
9.1
1.245
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
20
0.015
24.9
16.9
22.9
19.9
526.2
387.4
447.1
4000
47.8

140
244
7.6
1.743
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
8
0.032
25.4
17.5
22.8
20.2
508.0
389.7
440.6
4000
47.8

140
244
7.4
1.743
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
240
0.083
29.5
19.6
27.5
23.4
446.6
316.7
379.1
4148
48.3

160
215
8.9
1.332
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
333
0.154
29.3
19.4
27.3
23.3
450.8
319.8
382.2
4126
49.0

158
210
9.0
1.321
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
500
0.225
29.3
19.3
27.1
23.1
451.8
322.8
384.6
4105
48.5

161
213
8.9
1.326
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
724
0.305
31.4
20.7
28.5
24.5
425.1
308.9
363.0
4023
47.7

146
211
8.8
1.468
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
812
0.327
30.7
20.3
27.6
23.9
433.0
318.6
372.2
3946
47.2

148
208
8.7
1.435
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
898
0.356
31.7
21.1
28.4
24.7
414.4
308.2
359.6
3945
47.3

153
213
8.6
1.404
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
917
0.427
32.7
21.9
29.0
25.5
398.0
302.4
349.1
3867
47.2

143
206
8.6
1.466
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
1123
0.440
33.0
21.9
29.4
25.7
400.1
299.2
346.3
3912
47.3

129
196
8.9
1.574
Car SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.447
34.7
23.4
29.5
26.5
375.4
298.6
334.9
3790
46.4

115
189
8.9
1.698
Car SUV
Diesel
1999
















Car SUV
Diesel
2000
















Car SUV
Diesel
2001
















Car SUV
Diesel
2002
















Car SUV
Diesel
2003
















Car SUV
Diesel
2004
















Car SUV
Diesel
2005
















Car SUV
Diesel
2006
















Car SUV
Diesel
2007
















Car SUV
Diesel
2008
















Car SUV
Diesel
2009
















Car SUV
Diesel
2010
















Car SUV
Diesel
2011
















Car SUV
Diesel
2012
















Car SUV
Diesel
2013
















Car SUV
Diesel
2014
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-25	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Car SUV
Diesel
2015
















Car SUV
Diesel
2016
















Car SUV
Diesel
2017
















Car SUV
Diesel
2018
-
0.009
42.7
27.8
36.1
32.0
366.7
278.4
318.4
4000
46.4

108
145
11.6
1.351
Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
1999
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2000
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2001
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2002
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2003
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2004
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2005
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2006
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2007
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2008
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2009
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2010
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2011
















Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2012
0
0.004
108.2
77.9
73.3
75.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
4036
45.0


153
7.7

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2013
1
0.007
107.9
77.5
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4062
45.0


152
7.0

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2014
1
0.007
107.9
77.6
73.2
75.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4059
45.0


152
7.0

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2015
0
0.007
71.1
49.3
50.7
50.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4500
45.2


134
12.5

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2016
18
0.008
124.1
89.5
93.0
91.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
5515
54.5


404
4.8

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2017
17
0.014
122.1
87.8
91.8
90.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5738
54.8


758
4.0

Car SUV
Alternative Fuel
2018
-
0.027
120.2
71.7
73.1
72.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
5831
54.8


758
4.0

Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Van
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-27	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Van
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
1281
0.565
22.0
15.4
21.2
18.0
571.8
413.1
492.5
4330


229
183
ll.l
0.806
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
1325
0.550
22.4
15.6
21.5
18.3
564.2
407.9
485.0
4306


226
182
10.6
0.812
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
954
0.506
21.6
15.0
20.7
17.6
581.4
419.0
504.2
4602


241
204
10.1
0.855
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
890
0.465
22.8
15.7
21.6
18.5
559.1
403.2
480.1
4407


226
194
10.3
0.865
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
914
0.441
23.5
16.0
22.2
19.0
549.4
394.2
468.7
4381


226
196
10.1
0.874
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
454
0.374
23.0
15.5
21.9
18.6
567.7
400.4
478.4
4445


233
198
10.1
0.857
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
919
0.336
23.6
15.9
22.3
19.0
557.5
394.9
467.7
4388


224
199
10.0
0.890
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
617
0.264
23.5
15.7
22.3
18.9
562.6
394.9
470.1
4505


226
198
10.2
0.880
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
327
0.225
23.3
15.5
22.3
18.8
569.7
396.6
473.3
4498


226
198
10.4
0.875
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
295
0.188
23.8
15.9
22.6
19.2
556.9
390.1
463.9
4573
55.5

225
176
11.0
0.783
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
151
0.115
23.8
16.0
22.7
19.2
555.3
389.3
463.0
4577
55.4

223
189
10.3
0.855
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
263
0.077
24.0
16.0
23.1
19.4
554.4
385.1
458.3
4516
55.0

224
191
10.1
0.852
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
11
0.039
20.0
14.0
18.3
16.1
630.5
479.7
551.2
5325
64.2

275
209
10.8
0.758
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
18
0.019
20.5
14.2
18.8
16.5
620.6
468.3
538.4
5192
63.6

271
206
10.8
0.761
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
12
0.009
20.2
14.1
18.4
16.3
624.2
474.2
546.6
5254
64.1

272
205
10.9
0.754
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
15
0.005
19.5
13.5
18.0
15.7
656.8
490.8
564.6
5181
63.9

270
203
10.9
0.750
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
62
0.326
25.6
18.0
24.1
20.8
493.4
369.4
427.0
3998


148
150
12.7
1.015
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
112
0.298
24.6
17.3
22.9
19.9
512.6
385.9
445.5
4000


150
159
11.6
1.061
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
69
0.296
23.9
16.9
21.8
19.3
525.1
405.7
461.1
4045


151
158
11.5
1.043
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
93
0.280
22.0
15.3
20.6
17.8
573.1
424.4
498.0
4570


184
176
11.2
0.966
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
77
0.251
21.5
14.9
20.0
17.4
585.9
437.3
511.1
4706


193
182
10.9
0.952
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
59
0.239
21.6
14.4
21.1
17.6
613.2
420.4
506.1
4897


206
190
10.7
0.926
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-29	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
191
0.204
23.5
15.8
22.2
18.9
558.0
398.9
470.6
4494


191
194
10.0
1.022
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
125
0.179
24.9
16.7
23.3
19.9
529.2
381.4
445.9
4288


198
213
9.4
1.076
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
107
0.200
24.6
16.5
23.1
19.7
536.2
383.8
450.2
4344


207
222
9.2
1.074
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
115
0.221
24.4
16.3
23.4
19.7
545.7
378.6
451.3
4642
53.1

227
254
8.6
1.123
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
44
0.156
25.0
16.6
24.0
20.1
535.5
368.9
441.4
4785
54.7

237
252
8.6
1.064
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
86
0.078
27.7
18.8
25.0
21.9
465.7
355.0
405.4
4353
51.8

191
203
10.0
1.080
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
28
0.022
29.9
20.7
25.5
23.2
427.0
348.3
383.0
3526
48.2

124
141
11.6
1.144
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
37
0.004
30.5
20.8
26.5
23.7
426.9
335.1
374.6
3500
48.1

122
136
11.8
1.114
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
43
0.005
30.5
20.8
26.5
23.7
426.9
335.1
374.6
3500
48.1

122
136
11.8
1.114
Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
















Van
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
4
0.017
24.1
16.0
23.4
19.5
556.2
380.5
456.0
4500


237
240
9.0
1.013
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
71
0.057
24.1
16.0
23.4
19.5
556.5
380.0
455.9
4500


237
240
9.1
1.013
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
77
0.048
24.0
15.9
23.2
19.4
557.8
382.2
457.8
4500
49.2

237
240
9.1
1.013
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
7
0.068
18.4
12.9
16.7
14.8
691.4
530.8
600.0
5783
63.5

323
301
9.0
0.932
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
7
0.096
17.9
12.5
16.7
14.6
708.4
532.6
609.9
5920
64.4

328
303
9.0
0.926
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
8
0.061
17.9
12.5
16.7
14.6
709.6
531.4
610.3
5929
64.6

327
310
8.8
0.950
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
7
0.060
18.1
12.6
16.8
14.7
703.0
528.9
605.5
5855
64.4

326
310
8.8
0.952
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
9
0.053
18.0
12.6
16.7
14.6
704.3
531.3
607.3
5913
64.2

327
311
8.9
0.951
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
2
0.018
16.2
10.9
16.1
13.4
812.6
549.6
663.5
6662
65.2

321
297
9.2
0.929
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
1
0.020
15.8
10.7
15.9
13.1
832.3
558.2
676.2
6647
64.8

366
324
8.6
0.885
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
1
0.020
15.4
10.3
15.4
12.7
861.6
576.8
699.4
6669
66.0

366
324
8.6
0.885
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
120
0.108
24.1
16.7
23.4
19.7
531.2
379.1
450.0
4210


195
196
10.5
1.008
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
254
0.150
24.0
16.5
23.3
19.6
536.9
381.4
453.0
4241


197
197
10.0
1.004
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
209
0.193
24.3
16.7
23.2
19.8
530.5
382.4
449.8
4295


200
207
9.6
1.041
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
259
0.253
24.3
16.7
23.2
19.7
533.0
383.1
450.3
4287


200
226
9.1
1.133
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
241
0.304
24.3
16.5
23.2
19.6
540.0
383.2
452.6
4342


203
229
8.9
1.129
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
440
0.384
24.9
16.7
23.8
20.1
532.6
372.9
443.0
4475


206
233
9.0
1.132
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
371
0.451
25.2
16.8
24.2
20.3
529.2
366.2
437.1
4500


208
242
8.7
1.165
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
421
0.537
25.3
16.8
24.3
20.4
527.9
364.8
435.7
4488


207
229
9.1
1.108
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
342
0.515
25.1
16.7
23.9
20.2
531.9
370.9
440.7
4500


212
250
8.7
1.179
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
303
0.519
25.8
17.2
24.4
20.7
515.3
362.7
429.7
4446
54.5

208
247
8.8
1.188
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
173
0.635
26.0
17.4
24.6
20.9
507.9
360.3
425.7
4514
53.6

203
240
8.9
1.181
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-31	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
204
0.687
25.7
17.1
24.5
20.6
516.8
362.2
430.6
4590
53.8

207
241
9.0
1.163
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
475
0.679
26.4
17.6
24.8
21.1
503.3
356.9
420.8
4521
55.5

214
266
8.1
1.244
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
599
0.677
26.9
17.8
25.4
21.5
497.5
348.9
414.0
4456
54.8

212
262
8.2
1.234
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
509
0.605
26.4
17.5
25.1
21.1
506.0
353.6
420.3
4594
55.0

213
268
8.2
1.253
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
646
0.545
27.0
18.0
25.4
21.6
492.4
348.6
411.9
4454
54.8

210
261
8.2
1.237
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
621
0.533
27.5
18.4
25.6
21.9
479.6
346.5
406.5
4403
54.5

203
249
8.5
1.221
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
567
0.478
27.3
18.1
25.7
21.7
488.5
344.9
408.8
4445
54.9

208
256
8.3
1.225
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
569
0.461
28.1
18.4
26.6
22.3
479.6
333.0
398.6
4491
55.5

206
268
7.9
1.290
Van
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.438
28.4
18.9
26.2
22.4
466.1
337.7
395.9
4402
54.6

196
255
8.2
1.284
Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
2
0.327
31.5
21.3
27.9
24.6
417.9
318.5
361.2
3934
50.8

99
175
9.7
1.778
Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
32
0.356
26.7
18.1
24.4
21.2
489.6
362.1
418.8
4496
56.8

191
266
8.1
1.409
Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
62
0.427
26.8
18.2
24.1
21.2
485.7
367.7
420.1
4558
57.3

186
263
8.2
1.435
Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
43
0.440
26.6
18.0
24.1
21.0
491.0
368.1
422.2
4561
57.6

192
268
8.1
1.415
Van
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.447
28.4
18.7
27.1
22.7
475.5
327.0
391.8
4571
55.6

208
277
7.3
1.337
Van
Diesel
1999
















Van
Diesel
2000
















Van
Diesel
2001
















Van
Diesel
2002
















Van
Diesel
2003
















Van
Diesel
2004
















Van
Diesel
2005
















Van
Diesel
2006
















Van
Diesel
2007
















Van
Diesel
2008
















Van
Diesel
2009
















Van
Diesel
2010
















Van
Diesel
2011
















Van
Diesel
2012
















Van
Diesel
2013
















Van
Diesel
2014
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-33	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Van
Diesel
2015
















Van
Diesel
2016
















Van
Diesel
2017
















Van
Diesel
2018
















Van
Alternative Fuel
1999
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2000
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2001
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2002
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2003
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2004
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2005
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2006
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2007
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2008
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2009
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2010
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2011
0
0.001
11.5
8.6
9.8
9.2
969.7
757.2
963.4
5883
61.2

303
251
11.3
0.833
Van
Alternative Fuel
2012
1
0.004
14.5
10.4
12.8
11.6
846.3
650.8
763.9
5719
60.4

297
227
23.0
0.764
Van
Alternative Fuel
2013
0
0.007
11.6
8.9
9.3
9.1
993.1
956.6
972.3
6500
65.2

330
255
12.2
0.774
Van
Alternative Fuel
2014
0
0.007
11.6
8.9
9.3
9.1
993.1
956.6
972.3
6500
65.2

330
255
12.2
0.774
Van
Alternative Fuel
2015
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2016
















Van
Alternative Fuel
2017
3
0.014
106.1
109.7
52.1
67.3
81.0
170.6
132.1
5000
58.0

220
220
7.5
1.001
Van
Alternative Fuel
2018
-
0.027
78.7
62.5
41.5
48.5
65.1
172.4
126.3
5000
58.0

220
220
7.5
1.001
Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Truck SUV
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-35	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Truck SUV
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
1724
0.565
18.8
13.4
17.8
15.5
655.0
496.2
575.2
4652


278
209
10.3
0.761
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
1953
0.550
19.0
13.5
17.8
15.5
653.4
496.0
573.7
4724


275
213
9.8
0.780
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
1636
0.506
19.3
13.7
17.8
15.7
643.8
493.5
567.1
4758


271
220
9.5
0.813
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
2002
0.465
19.2
13.4
17.9
15.6
656.8
494.1
571.0
4875


273
237
9.3
0.867
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
1729
0.441
19.0
13.2
17.7
15.4
667.0
499.5
578.1
5138


285
243
9.3
0.854
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
1907
0.374
19.2
13.3
17.9
15.5
665.3
492.7
572.4
4997


284
243
9.2
0.856
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
1169
0.336
19.3
13.3
17.9
15.6
664.3
492.3
569.7
5051


285
252
8.9
0.884
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
883
0.264
19.6
13.4
18.2
15.8
657.6
485.1
562.3
4913


272
243
9.1
0.890
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
1119
0.225
20.5
14.0
19.2
16.5
633.5
462.3
537.8
5222


283
262
9.1
0.920
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
775
0.188
20.8
14.2
19.3
16.7
622.8
457.9
531.4
5043
49.3

271
251
9.3
0.921
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
262
0.115
20.8
14.1
19.5
16.8
626.3
455.0
530.5
4975
48.6

265
249
9.0
0.931
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
280
0.077
21.3
14.5
19.7
17.1
608.9
449.5
519.3
4548
44.9

233
207
9.7
0.889
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
187
0.039
22.0
15.1
20.4
17.7
587.8
435.3
501.2
4323
45.9

229
204
9.6
0.892
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
82
0.019
21.9
15.0
20.4
17.7
591.8
434.5
502.7
4539
45.2

232
220
9.6
0.941
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
1
0.009
18.3
12.5
17.6
15.0
712.4
503.7
593.5
5500
51.9

391
470
6.3
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
5
0.005
19.1
12.8
18.7
15.6
693.0
474.3
568.3
5500
52.3

391
470
5.8
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
5
0.003
19.1
12.8
18.7
15.6
693.0
474.2
568.3
5500
51.8

391
470
5.8
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
2
0.000
19.1
12.8
18.7
15.6
693.0
474.3
568.3
5500
51.7

391
470
5.8
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
3
0.001
19.1
12.7
18.7
15.6
697.2
476.1
571.2
5500
52.1

391
470
5.8
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.001
19.2
12.9
19.1
15.8
691.4
464.6
562.2
5881
53.3

391
470
6.0
1.203
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
550
0.326
22.2
16.2
20.0
18.0
534.7
436.8
493.2
4164


184
185
10.8
1.028
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
509
0.298
22.4
16.3
19.8
18.0
535.0
440.8
493.2
4199


178
178
10.6
1.022
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
681
0.296
22.0
15.7
19.8
17.7
552.2
438.6
501.7
4222


189
191
10.0
1.036
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
688
0.280
21.1
15.0
19.0
17.0
583.1
458.6
523.8
4334


202
197
10.0
0.993
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
649
0.251
21.2
14.8
19.4
17.1
587.0
449.1
520.9
4361


214
207
9.6
0.990
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
601
0.239
21.0
14.6
19.1
16.8
597.8
454.9
527.5
4458


223
218
9.4
1.005
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-37	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
459
0.204
22.6
15.6
20.3
18.0
555.7
430.3
494.0
4221


193
202
9.6
1.057
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
305
0.179
23.9
16.5
21.5
19.0
524.2
408.5
467.6
4042


183
189
9.8
1.040
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
385
0.200
23.0
15.8
21.0
18.4
552.1
417.7
483.7
4444


207
240
8.9
1.157
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
427
0.221
23.7
16.4
21.4
18.9
528.5
410.3
470.2
4365
46.7

206
230
9.1
1.114
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
266
0.156
25.5
17.2
23.6
20.4
508.1
373.8
436.2
4094
46.0

184
214
9.0
1.163
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
104
0.078
21.8
14.6
20.9
17.6
602.1
418.7
504.4
5120
51.1

255
260
8.6
1.036
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
20
0.022
21.6
15.0
19.7
17.3
589.4
448.2
512.6
4466
46.7

243
253
8.6
1.033
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
28
0.005
25.9
17.4
24.1
20.7
510.5
368.3
429.9
5000
53.6

214
285
8.0
1.334
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
50
0.005
27.5
18.5
25.2
21.8
476.8
350.3
407.2
5122
52.9

205
273
8.1
1.334
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
16
0.010
26.0
17.5
24.1
20.8
506.6
368.0
427.8
5000
53.6

214
287
8.0
1.344
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
12
0.009
25.2
16.1
22.6
19.3
551.3
393.6
461.6
5000
53.6

214
287
8.0
1.344
Truck SUV
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.011
25.3
16.1
22.7
19.3
551.6
391.6
460.5
5000
53.6

214
287
8.0
1.344
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
23
0.017
24.9
16.7
23.6
20.0
533.3
377.1
444.3
4000


213
255
7.9
1.197
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
146
0.057
18.6
12.5
18.2
15.2
710.1
488.8
585.0
5683


327
351
7.8
1.075
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
92
0.048
19.1
12.9
18.6
15.6
684.9
475.5
570.1
5480
52.1

314
330
8.1
1.053
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
40
0.047
20.4
13.8
19.4
16.5
618.6
453.6
538.4
5600
52.4

348
354
7.5
1.018
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
118
0.068
21.4
14.4
20.5
17.3
616.5
432.1
512.8
5881
54.8

337
331
7.9
0.977
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
315
0.096
21.0
14.2
19.8
16.9
624.1
445.6
524.8
5953
56.5

339
346
7.8
1.018
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
218
0.061
20.9
14.1
19.8
16.8
628.2
446.7
528.1
5933
56.4

339
349
7.7
1.028
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
276
0.060
21.0
14.1
19.9
16.9
626.1
444.3
525.2
5972
57.0

338
345
7.7
1.021
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
441
0.053
23.8
15.9
22.5
19.1
553.9
392.6
465.8
5242
53.2

262
310
7.5
1.215
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
29
0.018
20.8
13.7
21.1
17.1
648.2
420.8
519.0
5493
52.6

348
360
6.8
1.035
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
14
0.020
21.6
14.1
21.9
17.7
629.2
405.6
501.8
5500
52.4

348
360
6.8
1.035
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
29
0.020
21.5
14.1
21.9
17.7
632.4
405.0
502.8
5500
52.2

348
360
6.8
1.035
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.011
20.6
13.6
20.9
16.9
651.6
422.7
524.7
5576
52.1

352
413
6.4
1.162
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
69
0.108
23.3
16.8
21.2
18.9
528.4
420.1
470.4
4000


183
220
9.5
1.202
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
64
0.150
22.7
16.3
20.6
18.4
541.9
428.8
483.6
4086


190
225
9.0
1.189
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
390
0.193
21.8
15.5
19.9
17.7
563.0
438.8
503.4
4219


191
222
9.1
1.164
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
897
0.253
21.8
15.2
20.4
17.7
573.1
431.6
502.9
4336


213
235
9.0
1.113
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
1194
0.304
22.1
15.3
20.5
17.8
568.5
429.1
498.5
4411


211
234
9.0
1.118
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
1566
0.384
21.9
15.0
20.4
17.6
580.0
431.3
504.0
4576


225
245
8.9
1.103
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
1636
0.451
21.5
14.7
19.9
17.3
591.5
440.6
514.5
4696


230
250
8.7
1.104
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
1787
0.537
21.9
15.0
20.1
17.6
570.6
434.7
505.7
4743


229
247
8.8
1.093
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
1655
0.515
23.4
16.0
21.3
18.6
539.4
411.6
476.5
4512


212
239
8.9
1.147
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
1705
0.519
23.7
16.2
21.8
19.0
532.2
402.0
468.5
4613
48.7

213
249
8.8
1.176
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
1005
0.635
25.0
17.1
22.8
19.9
508.1
385.6
445.9
4462
48.6

200
241
8.6
1.209
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-39	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
1509
0.687
26.2
17.9
23.6
20.8
483.8
370.8
427.7
4316
47.2

195
233
8.8
1.200
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
2058
0.679
26.2
17.9
23.7
20.8
485.7
370.4
427.7
4400
48.0

197
237
8.8
1.209
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
1930
0.677
26.1
17.8
23.6
20.7
488.7
370.8
429.5
4381
48.0

200
243
8.6
1.220
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
2216
0.605
26.9
18.3
24.3
21.3
473.4
359.6
417.2
4381
48.5

197
242
8.6
1.230
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
2166
0.545
28.3
19.2
25.3
22.3
449.8
343.4
399.3
4232
47.6

188
229
8.7
1.222
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
2831
0.533
28.4
19.2
25.5
22.4
449.7
341.7
397.5
4291
47.9

190
236
8.5
1.241
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
2346
0.478
29.1
19.7
25.9
22.8
435.3
335.6
389.7
4273
47.6

186
231
8.6
1.242
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
2659
0.461
29.7
20.1
26.5
23.3
425.8
326.6
380.9
4280
47.5

184
232
8.5
1.255
Truck SUV
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.438
29.8
20.2
26.1
23.2
425.1
332.5
383.1
4314
47.6

187
232
8.5
1.241
Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
















Truck SUV
GDI, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.004
31.5
21.8
23.7
22.9
408.1
374.1
388.8
4430
48.7

122
270
7.0
2.212
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
60
0.015
21.0
14.3
19.7
16.9
618.5
448.8
525.0
5176
51.1

211
296
8.1
1.432
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
130
0.032
23.7
16.0
22.2
19.0
552.2
398.0
467.6
4871
52.7

202
278
7.9
1.399
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
280
0.083
23.6
15.9
22.3
19.0
554.5
395.8
468.3
5029
53.4

218
294
7.9
1.358
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
462
0.154
23.7
15.9
22.4
19.1
551.5
393.0
465.9
5067
53.7

220
310
7.6
1.433
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
507
0.225
24.2
16.3
22.8
19.4
539.5
387.0
457.1
5023
53.7

216
298
7.7
1.407
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
760
0.305
26.7
17.9
24.5
21.2
483.1
355.3
419.9
4623
50.4

179
265
8.1
1.535
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
1004
0.327
26.9
18.1
24.8
21.4
481.1
353.2
415.6
4626
50.8

184
269
8.0
1.502
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-41	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
1397
0.356
28.2
19.0
25.6
22.3
453.4
339.8
399.3
4546
50.0

175
259
8.2
1.502
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
2021
0.427
28.2
18.9
25.5
22.2
455.9
342.3
400.3
4461
49.5

173
258
8.1
1.514
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
2407
0.440
27.7
18.6
25.3
21.9
464.8
344.3
406.0
4558
50.5

177
271
7.9
1.600
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.447
29.9
20.1
26.5
23.3
431.3
330.9
381.5
4378
49.5

160
258
7.9
1.680
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
372
0.062
23.0
15.4
22.0
18.6
576.3
403.9
478.9
6134
57.9

338
366
7.5
1.081
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
311
0.052
23.0
15.5
21.9
18.6
573.3
406.3
478.7
6045
58.0

340
369
7.3
1.084
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
270
0.054
23.0
15.4
21.9
18.5
577.1
404.1
479.5
6136
57.9

339
368
7.4
1.083
Truck SUV
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.052
22.7
15.1
22.0
18.4
587.6
403.2
483.4
6150
58.2

343
378
7.1
1.102
Truck SUV
Diesel
1999
















Truck SUV
Diesel
2000
















Truck SUV
Diesel
2001
















Truck SUV
Diesel
2002
















Truck SUV
Diesel
2003
















Truck SUV
Diesel
2004
1
0.001
22.8
15.4
21.8
18.4
661.8
467.5
552.2
6000


300
310
8.5
1.033
Truck SUV
Diesel
2005
9
0.003
28.1
19.4
24.7
22.1
525.7
411.4
460.6
4500


171
160
11.7
0.936
Truck SUV
Diesel
2006
8
0.004
26.6
18.5
23.1
20.9
546.6
439.0
487.0
4632


182
173
11.5
0.944
Truck SUV
Diesel
2007
9
0.001
26.2
18.1
23.3
20.7
561.1
436.3
491.3
5201


188
219
10.1
1.174
Truck SUV
Diesel
2008
13
0.001
25.9
17.9
23.0
20.5
567.6
441.6
496.7
5400
52.0

183
216
10.3
1.180
Truck SUV
Diesel
2009
10
0.005
26.2
17.6
24.3
20.9
576.4
417.7
487.4
5514
52.2

182
227
10.0
1.246
Truck SUV
Diesel
2010
15
0.007
26.5
17.8
24.6
21.1
569.1
412.5
481.8
5595
52.7

183
233
10.1
1.274
Truck SUV
Diesel
2011
26
0.008
27.3
18.4
24.7
21.5
552.3
409.0
472.9
5563
53.3

182
236
9.8
1.295
Truck SUV
Diesel
2012
34
0.009
27.7
18.7
25.2
21.9
543.8
401.2
465.2
5568
52.6

182
238
9.8
1.307
Truck SUV
Diesel
2013
28
0.009
29.4
19.6
27.6
23.4
518.7
367.7
434.2
5443
52.4

179
241
9.4
1.349
Truck SUV
Diesel
2014
39
0.010
31.2
20.8
29.1
24.9
484.2
347.7
409.6
5174
51.3

176
237
9.2
1.353
Truck SUV
Diesel
2015
47
0.009
32.1
21.5
29.1
25.3
467.9
347.0
402.9
5206
51.3

172
232
9.4
1.362
Truck SUV
Diesel
2016
27
0.005
32.2
21.6
28.6
25.1
468.6
354.0
405.4
5356
52.0

175
240
9.3
1.375
Truck SUV
Diesel
2017
12
0.003
33.6
22.8
29.4
26.2
442.5
343.6
388.7
5172
52.5

170
240
9.1
1.420
Truck SUV
Diesel
2018
-
0.009
37.1
24.8
31.6
28.3
405.2
316.5
360.1
4569
49.2

139
188
10.5
1.364
Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
1999
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-43	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2000
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2001
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2002
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2003
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2004
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2005
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2006
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2007
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2008
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2009
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2010
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2011
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2012
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2013
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2014
















Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2015
l
0.007
37.5
27.0
26.1
26.5
329.2
340.7
335.8
6000
51.8

183
416
5.2
2.272
Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2016
10
0.008
54.3
38.9
41.9
40.6
227.9
211.6
219.1
5510
52.3

136
277
6.2
2.072
Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2017
10
0.014
53.9
38.5
41.6
40.2
230.1
213.6
221.1
5520
52.4

137
283
6.6
2.098
Truck SUV
Alternative Fuel
2018
-
0.027
45.3
32.4
29.7
30.8
196.3
265.2
240.0
5296
50.7

126
259
6.5
2.066
Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Pickup
Carb, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-45	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Pickup
TBI, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
2348
0.565
19.7
14.0
18.5
16.1
620.5
471.9
552.2
4565


275
209
10.3
0.763
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
2280
0.550
20.3
14.4
18.9
16.5
605.7
463.6
537.1
4391


263
205
9.8
0.786
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
2197
0.506
19.3
13.6
18.0
15.7
642.1
488.5
565.6
4642


280
221
9.4
0.795
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
1957
0.465
19.0
13.4
17.6
15.4
657.3
502.5
576.1
4832


287
236
9.3
0.822
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
2116
0.441
19.6
13.7
17.9
15.8
639.6
488.8
562.1
4749


275
230
9.4
0.834
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
1694
0.374
19.3
13.5
17.6
15.5
656.2
502.0
572.6
4970


291
253
9.0
0.864
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
1361
0.336
19.3
13.3
17.8
15.5
665.8
497.2
572.8
5053


294
260
8.9
0.879
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
1115
0.264
19.7
13.6
18.1
15.9
649.8
487.9
559.6
5084


292
257
9.1
0.876
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
1155
0.225
19.9
13.7
18.4
16.0
649.2
481.4
555.1
5273


298
271
9.0
0.904
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
993
0.188
20.4
14.0
18.9
16.4
630.6
466.2
540.8
5285
64.6

296
273
9.1
0.917
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
495
0.115
20.5
14.0
19.1
16.5
635.7
464.0
538.8
5347
65.1

304
287
8.5
0.941
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
178
0.077
20.7
14.2
19.1
16.6
624.8
464.9
534.8
5001
62.0

268
242
9.3
0.901
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
158
0.039
20.7
14.3
19.0
16.7
617.7
466.1
532.8
4696
59.7

259
232
9.2
0.892
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
73
0.019
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
615.9
455.6
525.1
5067
61.8

273
256
9.0
0.928
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
55
0.009
20.6
14.3
18.9
16.6
619.9
468.7
535.8
4983
61.7

272
242
9.3
0.881
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
196
0.326
23.6
17.3
20.8
19.0
508.8
422.5
467.6
3544


171
159
10.5
0.935
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
332
0.298
21.6
15.8
19.1
17.4
551.7
455.9
510.1
3993


204
186
9.8
0.918
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
322
0.296
22.2
16.2
19.5
17.8
537.2
447.8
498.9
3932


196
180
9.8
0.928
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
423
0.280
21.8
15.7
19.2
17.5
551.1
451.9
508.9
4032


200
181
10.1
0.912
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
358
0.251
22.4
15.9
19.7
17.9
542.7
439.5
497.6
4005


200
182
9.9
0.926
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
339
0.239
21.6
15.3
19.1
17.2
564.5
451.9
515.6
4147


208
188
9.9
0.919
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
40
0.204
27.5
19.0
24.2
21.7
465.3
365.0
410.5
3696


144
151
10.5
1.046
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
33
0.179
28.1
19.3
25.0
22.2
458.6
354.3
400.6
3595


142
150
10.5
1.051
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
114
0.200
22.2
15.5
19.8
17.7
570.4
446.9
502.3
4315


247
245
8.3
0.990
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
123
0.221
22.2
15.5
19.7
17.7
568.8
449.4
503.3
4344
55.6

246
245
8.4
0.993
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
130
0.156
22.0
15.1
20.0
17.6
584.5
443.2
505.8
4849
59.6

256
258
8.4
1.004
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-47	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
304
0.078
20.5
14.1
18.8
16.5
621.7
467.3
539.5
5607
64.9

308
290
8.5
0.949
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
47
0.022
27.8
19.3
24.2
21.8
460.1
366.5
407.6
3500
48.0

140
143
10.7
1.021
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
















Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
14
0.005
29.2
19.6
26.5
23.0
453.6
335.7
386.5
5980
67.1

183
240
9.0
1.311
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
140
0.010
21.8
14.8
20.7
17.6
602.2
428.4
503.6
5000
68.5

305
385
6.6
1.262
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
157
0.010
21.6
14.7
20.4
17.5
605.1
434.1
508.1
4994
68.5

305
385
6.6
1.262
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
131
0.009
22.1
14.8
21.1
17.8
600.4
421.8
498.8
4999
68.5

305
385
6.6
1.262
Pickup
Port, Fixed Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.011
23.7
16.0
21.9
19.0
553.0
404.2
468.9
4995
67.9

305
395
5.8
1.295
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
0
0.017
15.2
10.6
14.2
12.4
842.2
625.9
718.9
6500


330
445
7.2
1.348
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
112
0.057
21.1
14.4
19.6
17.0
615.3
452.7
523.1
4630


241
204
10.0
0.852
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
61
0.048
21.5
14.5
20.6
17.4
610.8
431.1
510.9
4368
48.7

244
219
9.6
0.880
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
75
0.047
19.6
13.3
18.6
15.9
663.0
475.6
559.7
5696
64.3

346
345
7.7
0.998
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
334
0.068
20.8
14.1
19.8
16.8
629.8
447.0
528.0
5504
65.3

326
324
7.9
0.992
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
580
0.096
20.8
14.1
19.8
16.9
628.1
445.5
526.8
5522
66.5

326
331
7.8
1.012
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
528
0.061
20.5
13.9
19.6
16.7
634.5
450.2
532.3
5504
66.9

331
344
7.5
1.034
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
546
0.060
20.8
14.1
19.9
16.9
627.7
444.0
525.5
5522
67.1

331
343
7.5
1.035
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
296
0.053
20.5
14.0
19.5
16.6
633.9
453.7
534.1
5722
66.9

350
363
7.0
1.038
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
190
0.018
21.6
14.6
20.5
17.5
608.3
432.0
508.4
5499
66.9

348
360
6.8
1.035
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
240
0.020
21.6
14.7
20.6
17.5
605.8
432.0
507.0
5504
66.6

348
361
6.8
1.038
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
269
0.020
21.7
14.6
20.6
17.5
607.2
431.8
507.4
5521
66.8

348
386
6.5
1.110
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.011
21.8
14.7
20.8
17.7
602.7
427.3
503.1
5508
66.6

348
395
6.4
1.136
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
473
0.384
19.3
13.4
17.7
15.5
653.9
493.1
571.7
5393


299
278
8.9
0.935
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
900
0.451
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
626.7
475.8
549.1
4946


275
263
8.6
0.969
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
1040
0.537
20.3
14.1
18.5
16.3
622.0
472.7
545.8
4887


267
257
8.8
0.974
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
732
0.515
20.0
13.8
18.3
16.1
630.0
475.9
552.5
5149


281
278
8.7
0.998
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
617
0.519
20.2
13.9
18.6
16.2
624.5
469.2
547.2
5204
63.3

283
293
8.7
1.036
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
290
0.635
22.0
15.2
20.1
17.6
571.2
434.4
504.1
4897
59.1

256
254
8.8
1.000
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
460
0.687
21.5
14.7
19.7
17.2
596.3
445.6
516.0
5090
61.9

269
281
8.4
1.042
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
580
0.679
21.5
14.9
19.7
17.3
591.7
445.9
513.7
5195
63.0

269
298
8.2
1.102
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
616
0.677
21.9
15.1
20.1
17.6
582.1
439.2
505.7
5092
61.5

266
291
8.3
1.092
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
734
0.605
22.2
15.3
20.4
17.8
576.1
432.1
498.3
5234
63.3

268
311
8.1
1.149
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
750
0.545
22.0
15.1
20.2
17.6
583.0
436.3
504.3
5302
64.0

272
315
8.0
1.152
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-49	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
440
0.533
22.7
15.7
20.5
18.1
558.8
427.0
490.3
4812
60.9

251
270
8.4
1.074
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
517
0.478
23.5
16.2
21.2
18.7
540.2
412.4
475.1
4888
61.2

242
288
8.0
1.198
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
592
0.461
23.9
16.4
21.5
19.0
531.5
408.1
468.7
4858
60.8

236
287
8.0
1.225
Pickup
Port, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.438
24.8
17.0
22.3
19.6
517.3
393.4
452.5
4907
63.9

218
325
7.1
1.560
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
1999
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2000
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2001
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2002
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2003
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2004
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2005
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2006
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2007
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2008
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2009
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2010
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2011
113
0.154
22.6
15.4
21.1
18.2
578.2
420.5
488.6
5877
68.2

214
360
7.3
1.682
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2012
140
0.225
22.1
15.1
20.6
17.8
588.8
431.3
499.7
5901
68.4

214
360
7.3
1.686
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2013
241
0.305
22.3
15.2
20.8
17.9
584.8
426.5
495.2
5912
68.4

214
365
7.3
1.709
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2014
178
0.327
22.2
15.1
20.8
17.9
588.5
427.4
497.2
5905
68.2

214
365
7.3
1.709
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2015
344
0.356
25.2
17.2
22.8
20.0
514.2
386.9
444.0
4825
65.4

196
329
7.1
1.698
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2016
475
0.427
25.4
17.4
23.1
20.2
509.5
382.9
439.7
4784
63.9

195
320
7.3
1.660
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2017
458
0.440
25.4
17.3
23.2
20.2
510.6
381.1
439.4
4950
64.2

213
335
6.9
1.624
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Multi-Valve
2018
-
0.447
24.5
16.7
22.5
19.6
528.9
390.7
454.4
4941
59.6

237
325
7.1
1.394
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
1999
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2000
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2001
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2002
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2003
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2004
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2005
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2006
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2007
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2008
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2009
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2010
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2011
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2012
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2013
















Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2014
691
0.047
23.9
16.2
22.3
19.2
549.3
397.6
463.3
5463
67.8

313
335
7.6
1.072
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2015
640
0.062
24.0
16.2
22.4
19.2
548.8
396.0
462.0
5486
67.1

317
340
7.5
1.072
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2016
476
0.052
23.5
15.9
22.1
18.9
556.8
402.1
469.4
5629
66.6

317
339
7.5
1.071
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2017
577
0.054
23.3
15.8
21.8
18.7
562.1
407.0
474.7
5692
67.6

323
347
7.5
1.074
Pickup
GDI, Variable Valve Timing, Two-Valve
2018
-
0.052
23.3
15.8
21.7
18.7
562.1
409.1
475.9
5701
67.6

325
357
7.3
1.098
Pickup
Diesel
1999
0
0.001
18.9
13.5
17.7
15.5
754.6
575.4
658.7
6000


395
180
13.2
0.456
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	1-51	March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
SrEPA
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Supplemental Table I: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type, and Valves





Fuel Economy (MPG)
COz Emissions (g/mi)



Engine








Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot







Model
Prod

2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Vol


0-60

Vehicle Type
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
Year
(000)
Frac
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft')
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
HP/CID
Pickup
Diesel
2000
















Pickup
Diesel
2001
















Pickup
Diesel
2002
















Pickup
Diesel
2003
















Pickup
Diesel
2004
















Pickup
Diesel
2005
















Pickup
Diesel
2006
















Pickup
Diesel
2007
















Pickup
Diesel
2008
















Pickup
Diesel
2009
















Pickup
Diesel
2010
















Pickup
Diesel
2011
















Pickup
Diesel
2012
















Pickup
Diesel
2013
















Pickup
Diesel
2014
















Pickup
Diesel
2015
32
0.009
28.6
19.3
25.8
22.6
526.3
394.0
451.2
5973
67.3

183
230
10.0
1.256
Pickup
Diesel
2016
43
0.005
29.0
19.5
26.4
22.9
522.1
384.9
444.9
5662
63.6

179
215
10.4
1.196
Pickup
Diesel
2017
26
0.003
29.0
19.3
27.0
23.0
526.6
376.8
441.8
5503
63.3

177
207
10.6
1.163
Pickup
Diesel
2018
-
0.009
30.0
20.1
27.1
23.6
506.5
374.0
432.2
5502
63.4

179
221
9.9
1.236
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
1-53
March 2019

-------
x>EPA
UniKHi S«n«»
E rtv
-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975



21.6
25.8
22.4
19.4
16.6
15.0
13.9
12.5





15.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976


29.4
26.8
26.9
23.4
20.4
17.9
16.3
14.8
13.5





16.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


31.4
26.6
28.6
25.6
20.7
18.0
17.0
14.8
13.3





17.7
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


30.7
27.7

26.5
20.3
18.1
16.3
15.3
12.4





19.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


33.5
28.7

26.1
20.3
17.7
16.8
18.9
11.2





19.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980


29.9
27.4
26.1
23.9
20.9
19.1
19.1
13.2






21.9
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981


31.6
29.4
27.3
25.2
22.4
20.9
20.5
12.3






23.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982


34.3
32.4
28.8
27.2
22.5
20.8
21.0
11.8






24.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983


34.7
33.0
30.0
26.5
22.6
20.4
19.8
11.8






23.5
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984


35.6
33.7
30.9
26.6
22.5
20.7
20.2
11.8






24.4
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
57.4

40.8
33.9
30.9
27.4
23.4
22.4
21.0







25.5
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
56.6

40.5
34.8
30.3
27.8
24.4
23.0
22.0







27.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.6
28.6
24.6
22.5
22.3







27.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
51.5
45.7
40.0
34.9
32.1
28.7
25.8
22.9
22.9







28.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.9
31.9
28.3
25.2
23.1
22.4







27.4
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
65.3
52.2

35.4
32.0
28.5
25.8
22.6
21.3







27.3
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
65.3
48.9

36.3
31.5
27.8
25.4
23.1
22.4







27.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
65.3
47.8

34.6
31.7
27.8
25.1
22.8
22.7







26.7
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
65.3
50.5

35.5
31.5
28.1
25.8
22.8
22.5

17.6
17.6




27.3
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
65.8
49.1

35.3
32.2
29.2
25.7
23.1
22.9

18.3





27.5
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995

54.5
39.5
36.4
33.1
29.8
25.9
23.3
22.8

18.6





27.3
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996



37.2
33.3
30.4
26.3
24.2
23.2

18.2





27.9
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997

54.4
37.9
37.0
33.1
30.4
26.6
24.1


19.5





28.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998

53.6
38.6
37.3
33.6
30.1
26.4
24.0


17.2





27.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999

50.3
38.1
36.9
34.5
30.4
26.5
24.2



19.3




27.4
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000

50.8
37.8
37.0
35.2
30.4
26.9
25.1


18.3





27.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001


37.3
36.7
35.3
31.0
27.5
25.3



18.3




28.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002



36.7
35.0
30.5
27.9
25.5



18.2




28.5
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003





32.3
28.2
25.6



18.6




28.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




34.5
32.6
28.4
25.4


20.0
19.3




29.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




34.3
32.9
29.0
25.6
20.4

20.1
19.0




29.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




32.9
32.7
29.2
25.9
22.4



17.9



28.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




34.4
32.7
29.3
26.4
22.5
19.9

18.4




28.8
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




34.6
34.0
29.2
26.7
23.1
18.4

18.4
18.0



28.6
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




35.5
35.1
31.9
26.8
22.8


17.6
17.4



30.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




36.0
36.0
32.2
27.0
25.5


18.3




29.8
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




36.3
44.2
33.5
27.8
24.8
21.8

18.5




30.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012





39.1
35.4
28.9
24.5







32.4
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013



43.3

38.8
35.4
30.2
23.9

21.7
21.7




32.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-l	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014



45.6

39.1
36.7
30.2
24.1

23.1
21.7




34.0
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015



45.6

39.8
37.6
30.0
24.1

23.1
20.7




34.2
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016



47.3

43.5
36.8
30.7
26.1

21.7
21.9




35.1
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017



47.2

44.5
37.4
35.2
26.7

21.7
21.7




38.5
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018



45.4

43.2
38.0
35.2
26.8

21.7
21.7




38.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1975







15.6








15.6
GM
Car
Car SUV
1976






14.3
17.3








16.9
GM
Car
Car SUV
1977







18.0








18.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1978







17.6








17.6
GM
Car
Car SUV
1979

















GM
Car
Car SUV
1980

















GM
Car
Car SUV
1981

















GM
Car
Car SUV
1982





25.8
16.6
19.3








22.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1983






25.1









25.1
GM
Car
Car SUV
1984





28.3
23.5









23.6
GM
Car
Car SUV
1985






23.5









23.5
GM
Car
Car SUV
1986






22.2









22.2
GM
Car
Car SUV
1987






23.0









23.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1988






23.1









23.1
GM
Car
Car SUV
1989






23.0









23.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1990






22.7









22.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
1991



30.1


23.3
21.1








22.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
1992



29.3


22.6
20.6








22.5
GM
Car
Car SUV
1993



29.2


22.9
22.4








23.6
GM
Car
Car SUV
1994



28.9
28.7

22.3
21.5








22.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
1995



29.6



21.7








22.8
GM
Car
Car SUV
1996




28.3
28.2

22.0








22.8
GM
Car
Car SUV
1997



27.9

28.5

21.6








22.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
1998



28.5

27.7
25.9
21.8








22.5
GM
Car
Car SUV
1999




31.0
28.6
25.2
21.5








22.3
GM
Car
Car SUV
2000




31.1
28.6

21.7








22.1
GM
Car
Car SUV
2001




31.0
28.6
26.3
22.9








24.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
2002





31.9
27.9
23.3








24.1
GM
Car
Car SUV
2003





28.4
27.4
23.8








25.9
GM
Car
Car SUV
2004






28.8
25.0
20.6







24.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
2005






28.9
25.0
21.9
19.1






24.8
GM
Car
Car SUV
2006






29.6
24.9
21.8
20.7






25.1
GM
Car
Car SUV
2007






30.7
25.1
21.5
20.6






25.4
GM
Car
Car SUV
2008







25.9
21.5
20.9






25.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-2	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Car
Car SUV
2009







26.5
22.7
19.2






25.8
GM
Car
Car SUV
2010







31.8
25.2
23.0






29.4
GM
Car
Car SUV
2011






32.5
30.9
25.6
23.0






29.8
GM
Car
Car SUV
2012







30.9
24.5







29.0
GM
Car
Car SUV
2013






36.9
33.4
24.4







31.2
GM
Car
Car SUV
2014






36.9
33.6
24.6
22.9






31.3
GM
Car
Car SUV
2015






37.3
33.4
25.0







31.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
2016






37.6
33.2
24.2
24.1






31.7
GM
Car
Car SUV
2017






38.2
33.6
23.9







33.6
GM
Car
Car SUV
2018






38.2
35.3








37.5
GM
Car
All
1975



21.6
25.8
22.4
19.4
16.6
15.0
13.9
12.5





15.1
GM
Car
All
1976


29.4
26.8
26.9
23.4
20.4
17.9
16.3
14.8
13.5





16.6
GM
Car
All
1977


31.4
26.6
28.6
25.6
20.7
18.0
17.0
14.8
13.3





17.7
GM
Car
All
1978


30.7
27.7

26.5
20.3
18.1
16.3
15.3
12.4





19.0
GM
Car
All
1979


33.5
28.7

26.1
20.3
17.7
16.8
18.9
11.2





19.1
GM
Car
All
1980


29.9
27.4
26.1
23.9
20.9
19.1
19.1
13.2






21.9
GM
Car
All
1981


31.6
29.4
27.3
25.2
22.4
20.9
20.5
12.3






23.2
GM
Car
All
1982


34.3
32.4
28.8
27.2
22.5
20.8
21.0
11.8






24.2
GM
Car
All
1983


34.7
33.0
30.0
26.5
22.7
20.4
19.8
11.8






23.5
GM
Car
All
1984


35.6
33.7
30.9
26.6
22.6
20.7
20.2
11.8






24.4
GM
Car
All
1985
57.4

40.8
33.9
30.9
27.4
23.4
22.4
21.0







25.5
GM
Car
All
1986
56.6

40.5
34.8
30.3
27.8
24.4
23.0
22.0







27.0
GM
Car
All
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.6
28.6
24.5
22.5
22.3







27.2
GM
Car
All
1988
51.5
45.7
40.0
34.9
32.1
28.7
25.7
22.9
22.9







28.1
GM
Car
All
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.9
31.9
28.3
25.1
23.1
22.4







27.4
GM
Car
All
1990
65.3
52.2

35.4
32.0
28.5
25.7
22.6
21.3







27.2
GM
Car
All
1991
65.3
48.9

35.7
31.5
27.8
25.3
23.0
22.4







27.0
GM
Car
All
1992
65.3
47.8

33.7
31.7
27.8
25.1
22.6
22.7







26.6
GM
Car
All
1993
65.3
50.5

34.5
31.5
28.1
25.8
22.7
22.5

17.6
17.6




27.2
GM
Car
All
1994
65.8
49.1

34.1
32.2
29.2
25.6
22.8
22.9

18.3





27.3
GM
Car
All
1995

54.5
39.5
35.4
33.1
29.8
25.9
23.0
22.8

18.6





27.2
GM
Car
All
1996



37.2
33.0
30.4
26.3
23.6
23.2

18.2





27.6
GM
Car
All
1997

54.4
37.9
36.7
33.1
30.4
26.6
23.6


19.5





27.9
GM
Car
All
1998

53.6
38.6
36.7
33.6
30.1
26.4
23.5


17.2





27.3
GM
Car
All
1999

50.3
38.1
36.9
34.5
30.4
26.5
23.5



19.3




27.2
GM
Car
All
2000

50.8
37.8
37.0
35.2
30.4
26.9
24.3


18.3





27.2
GM
Car
All
2001


37.3
36.7
35.3
30.8
27.5
24.7



18.3




27.7
GM
Car
All
2002



36.7
35.0
30.5
27.9
24.9



18.2




28.2
GM
Car
All
2003





32.2
28.2
25.3



18.6




28.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-3	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Car
All
2004




34.5
32.6
28.4
25.3
20.6

20.0
19.3




28.7
GM
Car
All
2005




34.3
32.9
29.0
25.4
21.5
19.1
20.1
19.0




28.3
GM
Car
All
2006




32.9
32.7
29.3
25.6
22.1
20.7


17.9



28.0
GM
Car
All
2007




34.4
32.7
29.4
26.2
22.0
20.6

18.4




28.4
GM
Car
All
2008




34.6
34.0
29.2
26.5
22.7
20.8

18.4
18.0



28.1
GM
Car
All
2009




35.5
35.1
31.9
26.8
22.8
19.2

17.6
17.4



29.7
GM
Car
All
2010




36.0
36.0
32.2
28.2
25.3
23.0

18.3




29.7
GM
Car
All
2011




36.3
44.2
33.4
28.8
25.2
22.5

18.5




29.9
GM
Car
All
2012





39.1
35.4
29.8
24.5







31.3
GM
Car
All
2013



43.3

38.8
35.5
31.4
24.2

21.7
21.7




32.5
GM
Car
All
2014



45.6

39.1
36.7
31.3
24.5
22.9
23.1
21.7




33.3
GM
Car
All
2015



45.6

39.8
37.6
31.4
24.9

23.1
20.7




33.3
GM
Car
All
2016



47.3

43.5
37.0
31.6
24.5
24.1
21.7
21.9




34.1
GM
Car
All
2017



47.2

44.5
37.6
34.4
24.7

21.7
21.7




36.9
GM
Car
All
2018



45.4

43.2
38.1
35.2
26.8

21.7
21.7




37.9
GM
Truck
Van
1975







15.3
12.4
12.7

11.1
10.6



14.4
GM
Truck
Van
1976







15.1
12.6
12.6
11.1
11.9
11.5



14.0
GM
Truck
Van
1977







16.6
13.4
13.3

13.0
12.3



15.0
GM
Truck
Van
1978







16.4
12.8
12.4

12.5
11.7



14.1
GM
Truck
Van
1979







18.6
14.5
13.3
12.8





14.7
GM
Truck
Van
1980







18.5
16.0
14.3






16.7
GM
Truck
Van
1981







19.3
17.7
15.8






18.0
GM
Truck
Van
1982







19.6
17.7
16.0
11.9
11.9




17.9
GM
Truck
Van
1983







19.7
18.5
19.7
20.1





18.9
GM
Truck
Van
1984







20.0
18.1
17.3
17.3





18.2
GM
Truck
Van
1985






23.9
21.8
16.7
16.8
13.9
21.3




18.7
GM
Truck
Van
1986






26.4
21.4
17.3
17.0
13.9
23.1




19.4
GM
Truck
Van
1987






24.7
21.7
17.4
17.4
17.0
22.9




19.8
GM
Truck
Van
1988






25.5
21.9
17.9
18.1
17.3
21.7




20.2
GM
Truck
Van
1989






24.4
22.2
17.9
17.6
17.5
21.3




20.2
GM
Truck
Van
1990






23.5
22.6
19.2
18.3
17.3
21.5




20.7
GM
Truck
Van
1991






23.7
22.9
19.5
17.4
17.2
20.4




20.8
GM
Truck
Van
1992






23.7
22.5
19.8
19.2
16.7
20.1




20.8
GM
Truck
Van
1993






23.7
22.5
20.0
19.1
16.9
21.3




20.7
GM
Truck
Van
1994






23.7
22.7
20.0
19.1
17.2
20.6




21.0
GM
Truck
Van
1995






23.7
22.8
19.5
18.5
17.7
20.4




20.6
GM
Truck
Van
1996






28.1
23.8
21.1
18.7
17.6
17.3




21.5
GM
Truck
Van
1997






24.9
23.8
21.2
19.2
18.4





21.9
GM
Truck
Van
1998






27.0
23.8
21.4
18.6
18.0





22.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-4	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Truck
Van
1999






26.9
24.2
20.9
18.4
17.9





22.0
GM
Truck
Van
2000







24.4
20.9
18.5
17.4





22.1
GM
Truck
Van
2001







25.3
21.1
18.4
17.8





22.9
GM
Truck
Van
2002







25.2
20.5
17.8
18.1





22.3
GM
Truck
Van
2003







25.4
21.8
19.0
19.0
18.5




23.2
GM
Truck
Van
2004







25.2
20.9
19.4
19.0
19.2




23.1
GM
Truck
Van
2005







24.4
23.2
20.1
19.5
18.6




22.6
GM
Truck
Van
2006








24.4
20.5
19.4
18.8




22.9
GM
Truck
Van
2007








24.1
20.4
19.2
18.1




22.6
GM
Truck
Van
2008








24.0
21.0
19.3
17.6




22.8
GM
Truck
Van
2009









21.5
17.8
17.7




20.0
GM
Truck
Van
2010









21.7
18.6
18.4




20.1
GM
Truck
Van
2011









21.7
18.6
18.1
16.1
15.5


19.7
GM
Truck
Van
2012









21.7
18.5
18.3
16.5
15.1
14.5

20.1
GM
Truck
Van
2013









21.7
18.6
18.4
16.5
15.2


20.0
GM
Truck
Van
2014









20.0
18.5
18.3
16.4
15.3


19.1
GM
Truck
Van
2015












16.5
15.4


16.2
GM
Truck
Van
2016












16.0
15.5


15.8
GM
Truck
Van
2017












15.5
15.3


15.4
GM
Truck
Van
2018






34.8









34.8
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1975








14.0
11.2
10.2
10.3




11.7
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1976








14.8
12.7
11.4
11.9




13.0
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1977








15.9
12.9
11.5
11.9




14.6
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1978








15.1
12.6
11.6
11.4




14.0
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1979








12.3
11.7
10.6





11.3
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1980








16.4
14.6
13.8
13.4




14.5
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1981








17.2
16.4
14.1





16.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1982








18.9
17.1
21.2
21.2




19.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1983






23.6
22.0

17.0
20.2
20.8




20.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1984






23.0
22.1

17.1
17.9
21.0




20.0
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1985






23.2
22.0

17.0
16.1
21.4




20.1
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1986






22.5
20.3

17.1
15.7
22.1




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1987






21.7
20.7

16.6
16.8
20.9




19.3
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1988







21.2

16.5
16.5
18.3




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1989



31.3


20.6
21.5

16.8
17.5
15.8




20.0
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1990



31.3
28.7

20.6
20.6

16.6
17.3
16.0




19.6
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1991




28.9

20.6
21.1

16.5
17.2
15.7
20.2



20.5
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1992




28.9

20.6
20.2
18.9
16.1
16.3
14.9




19.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1993




29.0


21.5
20.3
16.9
16.8
15.8




19.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-5	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1994




28.7


20.3
21.0
16.9
16.8
16.1




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1995



29.0
28.4


20.1
21.3
17.7
16.9
15.7




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1996




28.2
28.1

21.9
21.0
18.4
17.4
16.8




19.8
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1997




28.1
27.9

21.4
21.0
19.1
17.8
16.7




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1998




28.4
27.7

21.3
21.2
18.1
17.4
16.8




20.3
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





28.5
27.7
21.1
20.5
18.0
17.8





19.8
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2000





28.1
27.6
19.7
20.8
17.2
18.2
16.8




19.5
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2001





27.7
22.4
22.7
20.1

18.4
17.0




18.8
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2002





27.8
25.9
21.9
20.6
19.5
18.7
18.0




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2003





27.9
25.3
23.4
20.8
19.6
18.9
17.7




19.1
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






25.0
24.7
21.6
20.3
19.1
17.7




19.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






27.5
24.7
21.9
20.0
19.1
18.5




19.5
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2006







24.4
21.4
20.3
19.4
18.2




20.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






30.1
24.5
19.7
20.9

20.1




20.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






32.5
24.8
21.8
21.9

20.0




21.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2009






32.4
24.8
22.8
23.4
21.8
20.2




22.4
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






32.5
24.3

24.4
22.7
21.7




23.3
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






32.5


24.3
22.9
21.7
18.6
15.4


22.7
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2012









24.4

21.7
18.7
15.4


23.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






33.8
30.8

24.6
23.6
21.7
18.6
15.4


23.7
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






33.8
30.8

24.6
23.5
21.8
18.4



24.8
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






35.7
30.8
27.6
24.5

23.2
22.3



24.9
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






35.6
30.8
29.8
22.3
24.2
22.9
22.6



24.3
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






35.7
30.9
28.0
22.3

23.2
22.2



25.2
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






35.5
32.6
27.5
25.9

23.1
21.9



27.7
GM
Truck
Pickup
1975




22.3

15.0
15.1
11.3
11.0
10.5





14.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
1976




25.0

15.8
15.8
12.5
11.9
11.8





14.6
GM
Truck
Pickup
1977




25.1
24.3
16.5
16.5
13.4
13.1
11.8





15.2
GM
Truck
Pickup
1978




27.0
25.0
18.1
15.3
13.5
12.7
12.0
12.7
11.8



14.7
GM
Truck
Pickup
1979




27.4
23.4
19.8
17.9
15.0
13.7
12.1
10.9




15.2
GM
Truck
Pickup
1980




27.7
24.6
19.9
18.7
16.7
16.8
13.5
9.9
12.0



18.5
GM
Truck
Pickup
1981




28.5
30.0
21.4
19.3
18.0
18.2






20.0
GM
Truck
Pickup
1982




29.9
26.0
21.0
19.6
18.4
20.6
22.4





21.9
GM
Truck
Pickup
1983




32.3
26.7
24.0
19.6
18.2
19.1
22.1





21.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
1984




31.1
25.5
23.3
19.9
18.0
18.0
21.9





20.7
GM
Truck
Pickup
1985




31.0
26.1
23.1
20.5
17.3
17.1
21.1
19.6




20.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
1986




30.2
26.7
22.0
20.5
17.8
17.0
21.1





20.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
1987




30.0
26.6
22.1
20.5
17.7
16.5
21.1





21.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
1988





28.3
22.8
20.2
17.9
17.0
16.9
19.6




20.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-6	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Truck
Pickup
1989





27.9
22.7
20.8
17.8
16.8
19.2
21.2




20.5
GM
Truck
Pickup
1990





27.4
22.4
20.3
17.6
17.0
18.6
20.5




19.2
GM
Truck
Pickup
1991





26.9
23.5
20.9
18.2
16.6
17.6
19.5




21.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
1992





26.2
23.3
21.3
18.5
16.8
16.4





20.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
1993





25.4
23.6
21.6
19.2
17.1
17.1





20.2
GM
Truck
Pickup
1994





28.1
25.2
21.4
18.5
17.0
17.4
18.1




20.0
GM
Truck
Pickup
1995





27.2
26.5
21.4
18.5
16.9
17.5
18.1




20.2
GM
Truck
Pickup
1996





31.3
28.3
22.5
19.9
18.1
18.1
18.7




21.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
1997





31.3
27.6
22.2
20.5
18.8
17.6
18.7




20.5
GM
Truck
Pickup
1998






27.8
21.8
20.0
17.8
17.4
19.0




21.1
GM
Truck
Pickup
1999






27.1
21.1
20.4
18.7
16.9
16.9




19.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
2000






25.5
20.9
20.5
18.9
16.4





20.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
2001






24.8
20.8
20.8
19.4
16.3





20.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
2002






22.4
22.2
19.8
18.9
17.9
17.9




19.1
GM
Truck
Pickup
2003






25.3
22.5
20.2
19.0
17.4
18.1




20.1
GM
Truck
Pickup
2004






24.7
24.2
20.8
19.5
18.5
18.8




20.0
GM
Truck
Pickup
2005






25.2
24.0
21.1
19.8
19.4
18.5




20.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
2006






25.0
24.2
21.4
20.3
19.3
18.6




20.7
GM
Truck
Pickup
2007






22.5
22.1
21.1
20.3
19.9
20.4




20.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
2008






24.5
23.7
21.7
20.7
20.6
20.0




20.9
GM
Truck
Pickup
2009






25.8
24.7
22.5
20.9
20.5
19.7




20.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
2010






26.7
25.3
22.3
21.0
21.4
19.1




21.5
GM
Truck
Pickup
2011






26.6
25.5
22.0
21.1
21.4
19.8




21.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
2012






26.8
25.5
22.5
21.3
21.5
19.5




21.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
2013








21.3
21.1
21.6
19.4




21.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
2014








26.2
25.2
23.8
22.3




23.9
GM
Truck
Pickup
2015







29.3
26.3
25.3
23.9
22.8




24.3
GM
Truck
Pickup
2016







29.2
26.3
25.7
23.9
22.6




24.4
GM
Truck
Pickup
2017







28.8
25.6
25.5
23.8
22.6




23.8
GM
Truck
Pickup
2018







28.7
25.7
25.4
23.9
22.5




23.9
GM
Truck
All
1975




22.3

15.0
15.2
11.9
11.2
10.5
10.9
10.6



14.1
GM
Truck
All
1976




25.0

15.8
15.6
12.7
12.3
11.7
11.9
11.5



14.3
GM
Truck
All
1977




25.1
24.3
16.5
16.5
13.9
13.1
11.7
12.4
12.3



15.1
GM
Truck
All
1978




27.0
25.0
18.1
15.5
13.6
12.6
12.0
11.8
11.7



14.5
GM
Truck
All
1979




27.4
23.4
19.8
18.0
14.9
13.1
11.4
10.9




14.5
GM
Truck
All
1980




27.7
24.6
19.9
18.6
16.5
16.1
13.6
12.9
12.0



17.9
GM
Truck
All
1981




28.5
30.0
21.4
19.3
17.9
17.2
14.1





19.4
GM
Truck
All
1982




29.9
26.0
21.0
19.6
18.2
19.3
21.7
21.1




21.0
GM
Truck
All
1983




32.3
26.7
24.0
20.4
18.3
18.5
20.7
20.8




20.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-7	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
Truck
All
1984




31.1
25.5
23.3
21.0
18.0
17.5
18.7
21.0




20.1
GM
Truck
All
1985




31.0
26.1
23.2
21.6
17.1
17.0
16.7
21.4




20.0
GM
Truck
All
1986




30.2
26.7
22.5
20.8
17.6
17.1
16.1
22.2




20.1
GM
Truck
All
1987




30.0
26.6
22.1
21.2
17.6
16.7
16.9
21.2




20.4
GM
Truck
All
1988





28.3
22.8
21.2
17.9
17.0
16.6
18.7




20.2
GM
Truck
All
1989



31.3

27.9
22.7
21.5
17.8
16.8
17.6
15.8




20.3
GM
Truck
All
1990



31.3
28.7
27.4
22.3
21.2
18.3
17.0
17.4
16.0




19.7
GM
Truck
All
1991




28.9
26.9
23.5
21.4
18.8
16.6
17.2
15.8
20.2



21.1
GM
Truck
All
1992




28.9
26.2
23.3
21.3
19.1
17.1
16.3
14.9




20.2
GM
Truck
All
1993




29.0
25.4
23.6
21.9
19.6
17.3
16.8
15.8




20.1
GM
Truck
All
1994




28.7
28.1
25.2
21.7
19.6
17.2
16.9
16.2




20.1
GM
Truck
All
1995



29.0
28.4
27.2
26.5
21.6
19.6
17.1
16.9
15.8




20.0
GM
Truck
All
1996




28.2
28.2
28.3
22.8
20.6
18.2
17.5
16.8




20.7
GM
Truck
All
1997




28.1
28.1
27.5
23.0
20.9
18.9
17.7
16.7




20.4
GM
Truck
All
1998




28.4
27.7
27.8
22.8
20.8
18.0
17.4
18.0




21.1
GM
Truck
All
1999





28.5
27.2
23.1
20.5
18.5
17.6
16.9




20.2
GM
Truck
All
2000





28.1
25.6
23.4
20.7
18.8
18.1
16.8




20.6
GM
Truck
All
2001





27.7
24.1
23.7
20.4
19.3
18.3
17.0




20.0
GM
Truck
All
2002





27.8
24.6
24.1
20.4
18.9
18.6
18.0




19.6
GM
Truck
All
2003





27.9
25.3
24.6
20.7
19.2
18.7
17.8




20.0
GM
Truck
All
2004






24.9
24.8
21.2
19.8
18.9
17.9




19.9
GM
Truck
All
2005






25.3
24.2
22.0
19.9
19.2
18.5




20.2
GM
Truck
All
2006






25.0
24.2
22.3
20.3
19.3
18.3




20.7
GM
Truck
All
2007






23.1
22.8
21.6
20.6
19.9
20.1




20.5
GM
Truck
All
2008






26.8
23.9
22.6
21.6
20.5
20.0




21.2
GM
Truck
All
2009






28.3
24.7
22.6
22.8
20.6
20.0




21.4
GM
Truck
All
2010






28.5
25.2
22.3
23.8
21.5
21.1




22.3
GM
Truck
All
2011






28.1
25.5
22.0
23.7
21.4
21.4
18.6
15.4


22.0
GM
Truck
All
2012






26.8
25.5
22.5
23.9
21.4
21.5
18.6
15.3
14.5

22.4
GM
Truck
All
2013






33.8
30.8
21.3
23.6
21.7
21.5
18.6
15.4


22.6
GM
Truck
All
2014






33.8
30.8
26.2
24.5
23.8
21.9
18.3
15.3


24.1
GM
Truck
All
2015






35.7
30.6
26.3
24.6
23.9
23.2
22.1
15.4


24.6
GM
Truck
All
2016






35.6
30.3
26.5
23.0
24.0
22.8
22.5
15.5


24.4
GM
Truck
All
2017






35.7
30.6
27.2
22.9
23.8
22.9
22.1
15.3


24.5
GM
Truck
All
2018






35.4
32.1
26.8
25.6
23.9
22.7
21.9



25.7
GM
All
All
1975



21.6
23.3
22.4
18.0
15.9
14.7
13.4
12.4
10.9
10.6



14.9
GM
All
All
1976


29.4
26.8
25.3
23.4
18.9
17.0
15.8
14.2
13.3
11.9
11.5



16.1
GM
All
All
1977


31.4
26.6
25.2
25.5
19.8
17.6
16.5
14.0
12.3
12.4
12.3



17.2
GM
All
All
1978


30.7
27.7
27.0
26.2
20.3
17.4
15.2
13.0
12.2
11.8
11.7



17.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-8	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
All
All
1979


33.5
28.7
27.4
25.2
20.3
17.7
16.0
13.3
11.4
10.9




18.0
GM
All
All
1980


29.9
27.4
26.3
23.9
20.9
19.0
18.1
16.0
13.6
12.9
12.0



21.3
GM
All
All
1981


31.6
29.4
27.5
25.4
22.4
20.5
19.4
17.1
14.1





22.6
GM
All
All
1982


34.3
32.4
28.9
27.0
22.4
20.6
19.3
19.2
21.7
21.1




23.5
GM
All
All
1983


34.7
33.0
30.1
26.6
22.8
20.4
18.9
18.5
20.7
20.8




22.9
GM
All
All
1984


35.6
33.7
30.9
26.5
22.6
20.8
18.7
17.5
18.7
21.0




23.5
GM
All
All
1985
57.4

40.8
33.9
30.9
27.2
23.4
22.2
17.8
17.0
16.7
21.4




24.0
GM
All
All
1986
56.6

40.5
34.8
30.3
27.7
24.2
21.8
18.4
17.1
16.1
22.2




25.1
GM
All
All
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.5
28.3
24.3
21.8
18.4
16.7
16.9
21.2




25.3
GM
All
All
1988
51.5
45.7
40.0
34.9
32.1
28.6
25.4
21.6
18.6
17.0
16.6
18.7




25.2
GM
All
All
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.2
31.9
28.2
24.9
21.7
18.4
16.8
17.6
15.8




24.8
GM
All
All
1990
65.3
52.2

34.6
31.9
28.4
25.5
21.7
18.6
17.0
17.4
16.0




24.5
GM
All
All
1991
65.3
48.9

35.7
31.4
27.6
25.0
22.2
19.2
16.6
17.2
15.8
20.2



24.8
GM
All
All
1992
65.3
47.8

33.7
31.5
27.5
24.9
21.9
19.7
17.1
16.3
14.9




24.2
GM
All
All
1993
65.3
50.5

34.5
31.4
27.6
25.6
22.3
19.9
17.3
16.9
15.9




24.3
GM
All
All
1994
65.8
49.1

34.1
32.0
29.2
25.6
22.2
19.9
17.2
16.9
16.2




24.1
GM
All
All
1995

54.5
39.5
35.4
32.5
29.8
26.0
22.4
19.8
17.1
17.0
15.8




23.9
GM
All
All
1996



37.2
32.6
30.4
26.6
23.4
20.8
18.2
17.5
16.8




24.7
GM
All
All
1997

54.4
37.9
36.7
32.9
30.4
26.7
23.3
20.9
18.9
17.7
16.7




24.4
GM
All
All
1998

53.6
38.6
36.7
33.4
30.1
26.6
23.2
20.8
18.0
17.4
18.0




24.5
GM
All
All
1999

50.3
38.1
36.9
34.5
30.3
26.5
23.3
20.5
18.5
17.6
16.9




23.7
GM
All
All
2000

50.8
37.8
37.0
35.2
30.3
26.7
24.0
20.7
18.8
18.1
16.8




23.8
GM
All
All
2001


37.3
36.7
35.3
30.7
27.1
24.3
20.4
19.3
18.3
17.0




23.8
GM
All
All
2002



36.7
35.0
30.5
27.8
24.7
20.4
18.9
18.6
18.0




23.2
GM
All
All
2003





32.2
27.7
25.1
20.7
19.2
18.7
17.8




23.1
GM
All
All
2004




34.5
32.6
28.2
25.1
21.2
19.8
18.9
17.9




23.4
GM
All
All
2005




34.3
32.9
28.8
25.2
22.0
19.9
19.2
18.5




23.8
GM
All
All
2006




32.9
32.7
29.0
25.5
22.3
20.3
19.3
18.3
17.9



24.4
GM
All
All
2007




34.4
32.7
29.0
25.8
21.6
20.6
19.9
20.1




23.8
GM
All
All
2008




34.6
34.0
29.1
26.3
22.6
21.6
20.5
20.0
18.0



24.4
GM
All
All
2009




35.5
35.1
31.7
26.7
22.7
22.7
20.6
20.0
17.4



25.6
GM
All
All
2010




36.0
36.0
32.0
28.1
24.7
23.7
21.5
21.0




26.5
GM
All
All
2011




36.3
44.2
33.2
28.8
24.7
23.7
21.4
21.4
18.6
15.4


25.8
GM
All
All
2012





39.1
35.1
29.6
24.1
23.9
21.4
21.5
18.6
15.3
14.5

27.2
GM
All
All
2013



43.3

38.8
35.5
31.3
23.9
23.6
21.7
21.5
18.6
15.4


27.7
GM
All
All
2014



45.6

39.1
36.6
31.3
24.7
24.5
23.8
21.9
18.3
15.3


28.6
GM
All
All
2015



45.6

39.8
37.4
31.3
25.5
24.6
23.9
23.1
22.1
15.4


28.0
GM
All
All
2016



47.3

43.5
36.8
31.3
25.7
23.0
24.0
22.8
22.5
15.5


28.2
GM
All
All
2017



47.2

44.5
37.4
33.5
26.8
22.9
23.8
22.9
22.1
15.3


28.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-9	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
GM
All
All
2018



45.4

43.2
37.7
33.8
26.8
25.6
23.9
22.7
21.9



29.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975



24.2
20.8
21.1










22.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976



26.6

23.3










25.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


41.0
30.1
25.6
24.5










28.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


39.0
28.9
24.5
21.4










26.8
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


31.7
26.6

20.8










24.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

37.0
34.1
29.0
26.6
23.1










27.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

44.0
36.6
29.9

27.4










30.9
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

43.8
35.3
30.0
28.4
26.8
24.3









30.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

47.4
38.0
34.6
33.1
29.0
24.6









32.6
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

47.2
38.4
35.9
33.2
29.2
24.4









32.9
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


39.6
35.1
34.1
30.4
24.1









32.8
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


38.6
35.0
33.2
31.2
23.6
23.2








32.3
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987


41.3
35.4
32.9
33.0
23.6
23.1








32.9
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988


38.5
34.7
33.1
32.0
24.6
23.3








32.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989


37.7
34.7
33.3
31.8
24.5
23.0








31.8
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990


38.3
34.7
32.3
31.3
24.4
23.4








30.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991


36.2
33.0
32.7
31.0
24.6
23.2








30.6
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992


37.1
33.4
32.4
29.3
26.2
23.0








28.9
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993


37.1
33.3
33.4
29.0
26.6
23.1








29.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994


38.3
32.5
33.2
29.9
26.5
23.4








29.1
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995


40.1
39.1
34.3
29.1
27.5
24.1








30.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996


40.0
38.4
34.1
28.8
27.1
25.0








29.5
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997


40.8
36.4
33.3
28.4
28.1
24.7








29.8
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998


40.3
37.5
36.6
28.5
28.7
24.4








30.2
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999


40.3
37.2
36.5
28.6
28.7
24.8








30.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000


43.1
38.4
36.1
30.1
28.6
24.5








30.5
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001


43.5
39.7
38.1
48.9
28.6
24.0








31.3
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002


43.4
39.5
37.9
53.6
29.3
24.0








30.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003


45.1
40.8
38.0
37.1
29.5
24.0








32.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004


45.1
40.8
38.1
44.5
30.0
26.8
24.1







32.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005


45.1
41.1
39.2
42.6
31.2
27.8
23.7







34.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006



41.6
38.9
39.9
31.4
28.5
24.5







34.5
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007



42.4
39.3
45.8
31.9
30.6
25.6







34.9
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008



42.1
39.3
47.9
32.4
30.0
24.7

26.9





36.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009



42.0

41.7
32.6
32.2
25.0
23.7
26.9





36.3
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010



42.0

38.9
44.0
31.3
24.8
23.7
26.9





39.4
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011



42.0

39.0
38.2
30.7
25.1
23.7
26.9





36.6
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012


52.3
43.1
70.8
39.0
42.1
34.8
24.7
23.7
26.9





41.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-10	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013


52.3
43.8
70.9
38.2
45.1
35.2
26.1
23.6
26.9





41.0
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
41.1
35.1
24.9
23.5
26.9





40.7
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
43.5
33.4
25.0
23.6
26.9





41.2
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016



43.8
55.8
43.2
41.4
33.6
24.6
23.6
26.9





40.8
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017



43.8
50.8
42.7
42.7
34.2
24.9
23.5






41.6
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018



43.8
54.4
43.3
48.7
35.5
25.2
29.6
34.8





44.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1975







12.0








12.0
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1976







10.7








10.7
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1977







13.7








13.7
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1978







13.0








13.0
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1979







13.8








13.8
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1990







20.9








20.9
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1991







21.4








21.4
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1992







17.1








17.1
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1993







18.2








18.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1994

















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1995







21.4








21.4
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1996




30.8
30.6
23.5
22.2








25.9
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1997




29.8
28.0
24.6









27.9
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1998





30.3

23.3








29.8
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1999




30.9
30.5

24.5








27.5
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2000





30.5

24.2








26.4
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2001





30.4

23.9








27.1
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2002





30.3

23.9








27.7
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2003





30.3

23.9








28.4
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2004





30.9

25.2








27.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2005





30.9

25.2








27.8
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2006






30.9
26.4








29.0
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2007






30.5
25.8








27.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-ll	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2008






30.9
26.1








28.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2009






31.8
27.9








29.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2010






31.8
29.7
26.9
40.4






29.6
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2011






31.8
29.8
26.8
40.3






30.0
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2012






31.8
30.1
26.9
40.4






30.1
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2013






34.9
30.1
26.9
40.4






31.3
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2014






34.9
31.3
26.9
40.4






32.6
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2015






34.9
32.6
27.1
40.3






31.8
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2016






34.9
32.9
29.8
41.7






33.2
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2017






34.9
33.1
29.8







33.1
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2018






34.9
33.9
29.8







34.2
Toyota
Car
All
1975



24.2
20.8
21.1

12.0








21.6
Toyota
Car
All
1976



26.6

23.3

10.7








24.3
Toyota
Car
All
1977


41.0
30.1
25.6
24.5

13.7








27.8
Toyota
Car
All
1978


39.0
28.9
24.5
21.4

13.0








26.1
Toyota
Car
All
1979


31.7
26.6

20.8

13.8








23.8
Toyota
Car
All
1980

37.0
34.1
29.0
26.6
23.1










27.4
Toyota
Car
All
1981

44.0
36.6
29.9

27.4










30.9
Toyota
Car
All
1982

43.8
35.3
30.0
28.4
26.8
24.3









30.4
Toyota
Car
All
1983

47.4
38.0
34.6
33.1
29.0
24.6









32.6
Toyota
Car
All
1984

47.2
38.4
35.9
33.2
29.2
24.4









32.9
Toyota
Car
All
1985


39.6
35.1
34.1
30.4
24.1









32.8
Toyota
Car
All
1986


38.6
35.0
33.2
31.2
23.6
23.2








32.3
Toyota
Car
All
1987


41.3
35.4
32.9
33.0
23.6
23.1








32.9
Toyota
Car
All
1988


38.5
34.7
33.1
32.0
24.6
23.3








32.7
Toyota
Car
All
1989


37.7
34.7
33.3
31.8
24.5
23.0








31.8
Toyota
Car
All
1990


38.3
34.7
32.3
31.3
24.4
23.1








30.3
Toyota
Car
All
1991


36.2
33.0
32.7
31.0
24.6
23.0








30.5
Toyota
Car
All
1992


37.1
33.4
32.4
29.3
26.2
22.7








28.8
Toyota
Car
All
1993


37.1
33.3
33.4
29.0
26.6
22.7








28.8
Toyota
Car
All
1994


38.3
32.5
33.2
29.9
26.5
23.4








29.1
Toyota
Car
All
1995


40.1
39.1
34.3
29.1
27.5
22.9








29.5
Toyota
Car
All
1996


40.0
38.4
34.0
30.2
26.9
24.5








29.3
Toyota
Car
All
1997


40.8
36.4
33.2
28.0
28.1
24.7








29.5
Toyota
Car
All
1998


40.3
37.5
36.6
30.2
28.7
24.3








30.2
Toyota
Car
All
1999


40.3
37.2
36.5
30.3
28.7
24.7








30.2
Toyota
Car
All
2000


43.1
38.4
36.1
30.4
28.6
24.4








30.3
Toyota
Car
All
2001


43.5
39.7
38.1
34.6
28.6
24.0








30.9
Toyota
Car
All
2002


43.4
39.5
37.9
35.3
29.3
24.0








30.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-12	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Car
All
2003


45.1
40.8
38.0
34.9
29.5
24.0








32.2
Toyota
Car
All
2004


45.1
40.8
38.1
39.8
30.0
26.3
24.1







32.1
Toyota
Car
All
2005


45.1
41.1
39.2
40.5
31.2
27.3
23.7







34.2
Toyota
Car
All
2006



41.6
38.9
39.9
31.3
28.3
24.5







34.1
Toyota
Car
All
2007



42.4
39.3
45.8
31.7
30.0
25.6







34.3
Toyota
Car
All
2008



42.1
39.3
47.9
32.1
29.3
24.7

26.9





35.2
Toyota
Car
All
2009



42.0

41.7
32.5
30.9
25.0
23.7
26.9





35.6
Toyota
Car
All
2010



42.0

38.9
42.5
31.0
26.6
30.2
26.9





38.1
Toyota
Car
All
2011



42.0

39.0
37.6
30.6
26.5
27.8
26.9





35.9
Toyota
Car
All
2012


52.3
43.1
70.8
39.0
41.2
34.1
26.5
28.1
26.9





40.1
Toyota
Car
All
2013


52.3
43.8
70.9
38.2
43.4
34.5
26.8
30.3
26.9





39.5
Toyota
Car
All
2014


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
40.4
34.8
26.5
26.2
26.9





39.9
Toyota
Car
All
2015


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
41.7
33.2
26.9
31.8
26.9





39.2
Toyota
Car
All
2016



43.8
55.8
43.2
40.2
33.4
29.0
26.4
26.9





39.5
Toyota
Car
All
2017



43.8
50.8
42.7
40.9
33.8
29.4
23.5






39.6
Toyota
Car
All
2018



43.8
54.4
43.3
45.5
35.3
27.9
29.6
34.8





42.6
Toyota
Truck
Van
1975






20.5









20.5
Toyota
Truck
Van
1976

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1977

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1978

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1979

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1980

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1981

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1982

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1983

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1984





27.0
27.0









27.0
Toyota
Truck
Van
1985





26.6
26.7









26.6
Toyota
Truck
Van
1986





26.7
26.3









26.3
Toyota
Truck
Van
1987





26.0
25.1
24.3








25.5
Toyota
Truck
Van
1988





26.6
26.0
23.9








25.8
Toyota
Truck
Van
1989





26.8
26.1
23.7








25.9
Toyota
Truck
Van
1990

















Toyota
Truck
Van
1991







22.9








22.9
Toyota
Truck
Van
1992







22.3








22.3
Toyota
Truck
Van
1993







21.9








21.9
Toyota
Truck
Van
1994







22.0
21.6







22.0
Toyota
Truck
Van
1995







22.7
22.1







22.6
Toyota
Truck
Van
1996







22.6
21.4







22.4
Toyota
Truck
Van
1997







22.6
21.4







22.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-13	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Truck
Van
1998







24.2








24.2
Toyota
Truck
Van
1999







24.1








24.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2000







24.1








24.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2001







24.7








24.7
Toyota
Truck
Van
2002







24.7








24.7
Toyota
Truck
Van
2003







24.7








24.7
Toyota
Truck
Van
2004







25.7
25.4







25.4
Toyota
Truck
Van
2005








24.7







24.7
Toyota
Truck
Van
2006








24.8







24.8
Toyota
Truck
Van
2007








26.1







26.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2008








26.1







26.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2009








26.1







26.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2010








26.1







26.1
Toyota
Truck
Van
2011








26.6
23.4






26.3
Toyota
Truck
Van
2012








27.0
24.3






26.6
Toyota
Truck
Van
2013








26.9
24.3






26.4
Toyota
Truck
Van
2014








26.9
24.3






26.5
Toyota
Truck
Van
2015








26.8
24.3






26.4
Toyota
Truck
Van
2016








26.8
24.3






26.3
Toyota
Truck
Van
2017








28.9
27.4






27.9
Toyota
Truck
Van
2018








28.9
27.6






27.9
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1976








11.6







11.6
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1977








12.7







12.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1978








11.5







11.5
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1979








13.3







13.3
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1980







13.8
13.3







13.8
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1981







14.5
14.1







14.3
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1982







14.5
14.1







14.2
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1983







14.5
14.1







14.1
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1984






22.1

13.5







17.3
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1985






25.3

13.5







21.1
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1986






25.7
24.4
13.7







23.3
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1987






25.2
23.5
13.7







22.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1988






25.6
21.1
15.4







20.3
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1989







21.3
15.4







19.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1990







20.4
18.7







19.4
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1991







21.2
19.1
14.9






18.2
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1992







22.7
17.5
14.5






17.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-14	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1993







22.8
17.5
15.6






17.2
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1994







18.7
17.6
15.6






17.4
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1995







23.4
17.5
16.7






17.5
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





28.4

20.9

16.7






21.4
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1997






22.9
20.8

16.7






20.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1998





28.1
26.7
21.1


17.4
17.1




22.1
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





28.3
27.8
22.4
20.9


17.1




22.0
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2000





28.1
28.1
22.4
20.9


17.1




21.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






28.3
23.3
20.5

17.6
16.5




21.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






28.5
23.3
20.5

18.1
16.5




21.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






28.6
23.9
20.6
19.3
18.2
17.0




21.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






28.3
24.8
22.8
19.2
18.0
17.0




22.2
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






28.3
26.0
22.9
19.6
19.0
17.0




22.8
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2006







27.5
25.5
19.6
19.0
17.3




24.4
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







28.0
23.9
19.6
19.1
17.3




24.2
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2008







28.8
24.8
24.6

19.7
18.8



24.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







29.8
25.0
26.5

19.1
18.3



26.5
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







30.0
25.7
28.9
22.0
19.9
18.4



26.6
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2011







30.2
25.5
26.2
22.0
19.7
18.5



26.4
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2012







30.3
25.2
27.0
22.0
19.5
18.4



26.5
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2013







32.2
25.3
27.6
22.0
19.0
18.3



26.8
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2014







32.6
26.2
24.8
21.9
19.0
18.3



26.8
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2015







32.6
26.6
25.6
21.9
18.9
18.3



27.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







34.6
27.0
24.9
21.9
19.0
18.6



27.5
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







34.5
29.1
28.1
21.3
19.0
18.7



29.7
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2018







34.1
29.2
26.7
21.3
19.0
18.6



29.4
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1975




21.3











21.3
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1976




22.3
20.9
20.5









22.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1977




27.4

22.0









27.2
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1978




24.9
25.0
19.8









24.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1979




19.7
19.1










19.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1980




22.7
20.2
16.9









21.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1981




27.0
26.6
19.4









26.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1982




26.6
26.6
22.8









25.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1983




27.6
25.6
22.8









25.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1984




26.2
26.2
23.2









25.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1985




31.0
27.2
24.2









27.0
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1986




29.9
27.0
24.5
17.8








26.4
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1987




29.8
27.7
24.3
17.9








26.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-15	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1988




26.9
26.1
24.6
17.8








25.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1989




26.5
27.5
23.6
20.3

13.5






23.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1990




26.0
28.2
23.4
19.7

13.4






23.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1991





27.5
23.9
19.8

13.1






23.8
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1992




28.2
27.7
23.9
18.7

13.1






23.7
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1993





28.4
23.1
18.9

13.0






23.8
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1994





28.0
23.4
19.9








24.3
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1995





27.4
23.4
20.6
19.8







23.3
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1996





27.1
23.4
21.0
19.8







23.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1997






24.2
20.6
19.0







20.4
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1998





27.2
22.8
20.7
19.3







23.7
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1999





27.2
22.5
21.4








23.2
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2000





26.7
22.4
21.4
19.2
18.1






20.8
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2001





27.1
23.5
21.6
19.1
18.0






21.2
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2002





27.7
25.7
21.3
19.1
18.0






20.9
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2003





27.7
26.6
21.3
19.5
18.2






21.0
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2004





27.6
26.6
21.2
19.9
18.3
17.7





20.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2005






27.0
23.4
21.7
19.5
18.7





21.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2006






27.1
23.6
21.8
19.6
18.7





21.7
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2007






28.5
23.8
22.0
21.2
20.1
18.7




21.3
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2008






28.4
23.9
22.2
21.3
19.9
18.5




21.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2009






28.9
25.0
22.5
21.3
19.9
18.9




23.5
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2010






28.4
24.9
22.4
21.4
21.1
19.1




21.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2011






28.7
25.3
22.5
22.8
21.1
19.0




21.9
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2012






28.5
25.9
23.0
22.8
21.0
19.1




22.1
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2013






29.3
26.0
23.1
22.4
21.1
19.1




22.7
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2014






29.3
26.1
23.1
22.4
20.7
19.0




21.7
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2015







26.1
23.0

20.7
18.7




22.2
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2016







27.7
26.3

20.8
18.9




22.9
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2017







27.7
26.2

20.9
18.8




23.6
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2018







27.7
25.9

21.0
18.7




23.0
Toyota
Truck
All
1975




21.3

20.5









21.3
Toyota
Truck
All
1976




22.3
20.9
20.5

11.6







21.5
Toyota
Truck
All
1977




27.4

22.0

12.7







26.8
Toyota
Truck
All
1978




24.9
25.0
19.8

11.5







23.8
Toyota
Truck
All
1979




19.7
19.1


13.3







19.5
Toyota
Truck
All
1980




22.7
20.2
16.9
13.8
13.3







21.4
Toyota
Truck
All
1981




27.0
26.6
19.4
14.5
14.1







26.2
Toyota
Truck
All
1982




26.6
26.6
22.8
14.5
14.1







25.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-16	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
Truck
All
1983




27.6
25.6
22.8
14.5
14.1







25.0
Toyota
Truck
All
1984




26.2
26.4
24.2

13.5







24.9
Toyota
Truck
All
1985




31.0
27.0
24.8

13.5







26.5
Toyota
Truck
All
1986




29.9
27.0
24.9
22.0
13.7







26.1
Toyota
Truck
All
1987




29.8
27.0
24.5
21.1
13.7







25.9
Toyota
Truck
All
1988




26.9
26.1
24.7
20.1
15.4







24.4
Toyota
Truck
All
1989




26.5
27.5
23.9
20.7
15.4
13.5






23.2
Toyota
Truck
All
1990




26.0
28.2
23.4
20.0
18.7
13.4






21.9
Toyota
Truck
All
1991





27.5
23.9
21.8
19.1
14.3






22.4
Toyota
Truck
All
1992




28.2
27.7
23.9
20.6
17.5
14.0






22.0
Toyota
Truck
All
1993





28.4
23.1
20.2
17.5
14.7






22.3
Toyota
Truck
All
1994





28.0
23.4
20.0
17.6
15.6






22.0
Toyota
Truck
All
1995





27.4
23.4
21.1
17.9
16.7






21.2
Toyota
Truck
All
1996





27.4
23.4
21.0
20.0
16.7






22.8
Toyota
Truck
All
1997






23.0
20.8
19.4
16.7






20.7
Toyota
Truck
All
1998





27.2
24.5
21.9
19.3

17.4
17.1




23.1
Toyota
Truck
All
1999





27.2
24.3
22.6
20.9


17.1




22.6
Toyota
Truck
All
2000





26.7
24.1
22.8
19.7
18.1

17.1




21.7
Toyota
Truck
All
2001





27.1
25.6
23.1
19.8
18.0
17.6
16.5




21.8
Toyota
Truck
All
2002





27.7
27.3
22.9
19.7
18.0
18.1
16.5




21.7
Toyota
Truck
All
2003





27.7
27.8
23.0
20.1
18.6
18.2
17.0




21.6
Toyota
Truck
All
2004





27.6
27.7
22.8
23.9
18.7
17.9
17.0




22.4
Toyota
Truck
All
2005






27.9
24.4
23.4
19.5
18.9
17.0




22.7
Toyota
Truck
All
2006






27.1
25.3
24.7
19.6
18.8
17.3




23.4
Toyota
Truck
All
2007






28.5
26.1
24.2
20.2
19.7
18.7




23.2
Toyota
Truck
All
2008






28.4
26.2
24.9
23.9
19.9
18.7
18.8



23.5
Toyota
Truck
All
2009






28.9
27.8
24.7
25.5
19.9
18.9
18.3



25.4
Toyota
Truck
All
2010






28.4
28.3
25.1
28.1
21.3
19.2
18.4



24.7
Toyota
Truck
All
2011






28.7
28.5
25.5
25.2
21.4
19.1
18.5



24.9
Toyota
Truck
All
2012






28.5
28.8
25.3
26.1
21.3
19.1
18.4



24.9
Toyota
Truck
All
2013






29.3
30.0
25.2
26.5
21.4
19.1
18.3



25.4
Toyota
Truck
All
2014






29.3
30.2
25.7
24.6
21.2
19.0
18.3



24.7
Toyota
Truck
All
2015







30.5
25.9
25.3
21.3
18.8
18.3



25.9
Toyota
Truck
All
2016







34.0
26.7
24.8
21.4
18.9
18.6



25.9
Toyota
Truck
All
2017







33.9
27.5
27.8
21.1
18.8
18.7



27.2
Toyota
Truck
All
2018







33.6
27.5
26.8
21.2
18.7
18.6



27.5
Toyota
All
All
1975



24.2
20.9
21.1
20.5
12.0








21.6
Toyota
All
All
1976



26.6
22.3
23.3
20.5
10.7
11.6







24.0
Toyota
All
All
1977


41.0
30.1
26.5
24.5
22.0
13.7
12.7







27.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-17	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
All
All
1978


39.0
28.9
24.6
22.4
19.8
13.0
11.5







25.7
Toyota
All
All
1979


31.7
26.6
19.7
20.6

13.8
13.3







22.9
Toyota
All
All
1980

37.0
34.1
29.0
23.0
22.5
16.9
13.8
13.3







25.9
Toyota
All
All
1981

44.0
36.6
29.9
27.0
27.2
19.4
14.5
14.1







29.9
Toyota
All
All
1982

43.8
35.3
30.0
27.6
26.8
23.4
14.5
14.1







29.1
Toyota
All
All
1983

47.4
38.0
34.6
29.9
27.9
23.8
14.5
14.1







30.5
Toyota
All
All
1984

47.2
38.4
35.9
29.4
27.8
24.3

13.5







29.7
Toyota
All
All
1985


39.6
35.1
32.6
28.3
24.6

13.5







30.0
Toyota
All
All
1986


38.6
35.0
31.8
29.3
24.6
22.2
13.7







29.4
Toyota
All
All
1987


41.3
35.4
30.7
31.7
24.4
22.3
13.7







30.0
Toyota
All
All
1988


38.5
34.7
29.2
30.9
24.7
21.1
15.4







29.6
Toyota
All
All
1989


37.7
34.7
30.8
30.9
24.2
21.2
15.4
13.5






28.9
Toyota
All
All
1990


38.3
34.7
31.3
30.8
24.0
21.4
18.7
13.4






27.8
Toyota
All
All
1991


36.2
33.0
32.7
30.1
24.3
22.1
19.1
14.3






27.5
Toyota
All
All
1992


37.1
33.4
32.0
28.4
25.9
21.7
17.5
14.0






26.8
Toyota
All
All
1993


37.1
33.3
33.4
28.5
25.9
21.6
17.5
14.7






26.7
Toyota
All
All
1994


38.3
32.5
33.2
28.2
26.0
21.4
17.6
15.6






26.4
Toyota
All
All
1995


40.1
39.1
34.3
27.6
27.0
22.0
17.9
16.7






27.0
Toyota
All
All
1996


40.0
38.4
34.0
27.9
26.5
21.9
20.0
16.7






27.4
Toyota
All
All
1997


40.8
36.4
33.2
28.0
27.5
21.3
19.4
16.7






27.1
Toyota
All
All
1998


40.3
37.5
36.6
28.0
27.9
22.4
19.3

17.4
17.1




27.4
Toyota
All
All
1999


40.3
37.2
36.5
28.3
28.1
22.9
20.9


17.1




27.1
Toyota
All
All
2000


43.1
38.4
36.1
28.2
28.1
23.0
19.7
18.1

17.1




26.2
Toyota
All
All
2001


43.5
39.7
38.1
32.1
28.0
23.3
19.8
18.0
17.6
16.5




26.5
Toyota
All
All
2002


43.4
39.5
37.9
33.3
29.1
23.1
19.7
18.0
18.1
16.5




26.0
Toyota
All
All
2003


45.1
40.8
38.0
33.7
29.3
23.1
20.1
18.6
18.2
17.0




27.1
Toyota
All
All
2004


45.1
40.8
38.1
37.6
29.7
24.2
23.9
18.7
17.9
17.0




26.6
Toyota
All
All
2005


45.1
41.1
39.2
40.5
30.8
25.8
23.5
19.5
18.9
17.0




28.8
Toyota
All
All
2006



41.6
38.9
39.9
30.9
26.8
24.7
19.6
18.8
17.3




28.4
Toyota
All
All
2007



42.4
39.3
45.8
31.6
28.7
24.3
20.2
19.7
18.7




29.6
Toyota
All
All
2008



42.1
39.3
47.9
31.8
28.2
24.9
23.9
20.1
18.7
18.8



29.0
Toyota
All
All
2009



42.0

41.7
32.4
29.7
24.7
25.2
20.1
18.9
18.3



32.4
Toyota
All
All
2010



42.0

38.9
42.1
29.7
25.4
28.4
21.3
19.2
18.4



32.4
Toyota
All
All
2011



42.0

39.0
37.5
29.6
25.6
25.4
21.4
19.1
18.5



30.6
Toyota
All
All
2012


52.3
43.1
70.8
39.0
41.0
30.9
25.4
26.3
21.3
19.1
18.4



32.9
Toyota
All
All
2013


52.3
43.8
70.9
38.2
43.0
32.1
25.4
26.8
21.5
19.1
18.3



32.3
Toyota
All
All
2014


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
40.1
32.6
25.7
24.6
21.2
19.0
18.3



32.8
Toyota
All
All
2015


52.3
43.8
70.8
42.8
41.7
31.8
26.1
25.6
21.4
18.8
18.3



32.2
Toyota
All
All
2016



43.8
55.8
43.2
40.2
33.6
26.9
24.9
21.4
18.9
18.6



32.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-18	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Toyota
All
All
2017



43.8
50.8
42.7
40.9
33.9
27.7
27.8
21.1
18.8
18.7



32.4
Toyota
All
All
2018



43.8
54.4
43.3
45.5
34.2
27.5
26.9
21.2
18.7
18.6



33.8
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975




27.8
22.4
16.5
13.5
12.9
11.4
11.3





13.9
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976




27.8
25.6
18.6
17.1
15.2
14.7
13.3





16.6
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977




27.6
23.8
19.2
18.3
16.3
14.3
12.7





16.5
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978

37.3


26.1
22.3
19.6
18.3
16.7
14.7
13.5





18.6
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

32.1


25.2
22.1
19.4
17.9
16.1
13.9






19.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

29.8


25.7
23.7
20.1
18.9
18.1







22.5
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

39.0
33.2
29.2
25.4
22.9
20.3
18.8
17.2







23.4
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982


34.5
31.2

22.4
20.8
19.8








24.5
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983


33.2
30.7

22.6
22.5
19.8








23.9
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984


38.5
32.6
29.2
25.6
23.3
20.0








25.3
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


39.3
33.7
30.9
28.0
23.2
20.7
10.4







25.9
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


32.5
33.9
31.1
27.9
24.6
22.0
10.4







26.7
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987



34.8
30.6
27.4
24.9
21.8
10.9







26.6
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988

45.7

34.2
31.9
27.5
25.5
22.6
10.9
10.9






27.0
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989

41.4

34.0
31.6
27.9
25.8
23.5
10.9







27.0
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990

44.4
37.8
34.6
32.0
27.7
25.8
23.5








26.3
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991

43.8
37.7
38.7
33.2
25.8
26.1
23.8
15.4







27.3
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992

44.7
37.7
39.4
33.2
27.4
26.4
24.3
17.1







26.8
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993

44.9
37.6
38.8
33.5
28.3
26.2
24.2
15.1







27.9
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994


41.1
38.6
34.7
28.3
26.2
23.8



13.9




27.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995


41.1
36.8
34.6
30.9
26.4
23.4



13.9




27.7
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996


39.8
37.4
34.1
29.3
26.0
23.6








26.3
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997


42.5
34.2
34.4
30.2
25.7
23.5
19.0







27.0
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998




33.8
30.8
26.0
23.2








27.5
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999




34.1
31.0
26.4
23.5








27.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000




33.5
32.4
26.2
23.6
21.8







27.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001




33.6
33.5
25.5
23.7
22.7







26.8
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002




33.6
32.3
26.4
23.5
22.4







27.1
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




33.1
32.3
26.2
23.8
23.5







26.7
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




35.9
31.6
26.0
24.1
23.1







25.7
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005





33.0
26.5
25.5
24.0







27.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006





33.7
27.3
25.1
23.0







26.9
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007





35.3
27.1
24.9
22.9



19.1



27.7
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




37.3
35.9
29.0
25.8
22.3







28.1
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009





37.6
29.2
25.7
24.3







30.0
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010





37.3
31.3
28.9
24.8







31.1
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




43.8
37.6
34.0
28.8
24.6



19.1



32.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-19	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012




44.2
41.6
33.6
28.9
25.5







35.3
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013




44.2
41.3
34.3
35.7
27.0







36.8
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014




41.4
40.6
34.2
33.8
26.3







36.2
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




41.4
42.5
35.9
32.9
26.2







35.4
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




42.0
41.8
35.8
33.8
25.3







36.1
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017




42.3
42.0
36.2
35.1
26.2
24.7






35.4
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




42.4
43.1
36.1
35.4
26.2
25.1






35.7
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1986






23.5









23.5
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1987






23.3









23.3
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1988






23.0









23.0
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1989






23.1









23.1
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1990






23.2









23.2
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1991







21.2








21.2
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1992







21.2








21.2
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1993







21.6








21.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1994







21.1








21.1
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1995







22.5








22.5
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1996







22.3








22.3
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1997







21.4








21.4
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1998







21.2








21.2
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1999







21.7








21.7
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2000







21.0








21.0
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2001






24.7
21.2








22.3
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2002






25.0
20.7








23.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2003






25.1
21.0








24.1
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2004






25.1









25.1
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2005






26.3
39.2








26.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2006






26.5
39.1








27.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-20	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2007






26.6
40.6
24.3







25.7
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2008






27.4
43.4
24.6







27.0
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2009






28.9
44.2
24.6







28.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2010






29.7
44.1
25.9







28.3
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2011






29.5
30.0
28.0







29.0
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2012






29.6
33.6
28.5







29.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2013






34.1
32.7
28.3







30.7
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2014






31.9
32.2
28.3







31.0
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2015






34.4
32.3
28.4







31.6
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2016






35.2
32.4
28.1







31.8
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2017







33.1
28.6







32.3
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2018






40.3
33.2
28.7







32.6
Ford
Car
All
1975




27.8
22.4
16.5
13.5
12.9
11.4
11.3





13.9
Ford
Car
All
1976




27.8
25.6
18.6
17.1
15.2
14.7
13.3





16.6
Ford
Car
All
1977




27.6
23.8
19.2
18.3
16.3
14.3
12.7





16.5
Ford
Car
All
1978

37.3


26.1
22.3
19.6
18.3
16.7
14.7
13.5





18.6
Ford
Car
All
1979

32.1


25.2
22.1
19.4
17.9
16.1
13.9






19.2
Ford
Car
All
1980

29.8


25.7
23.7
20.1
18.9
18.1







22.5
Ford
Car
All
1981

39.0
33.2
29.2
25.4
22.9
20.3
18.8
17.2







23.4
Ford
Car
All
1982


34.5
31.2

22.4
20.8
19.8








24.5
Ford
Car
All
1983


33.2
30.7

22.6
22.5
19.8








23.9
Ford
Car
All
1984


38.5
32.6
29.2
25.6
23.3
20.0








25.3
Ford
Car
All
1985


39.3
33.7
30.9
28.0
23.2
20.7
10.4







25.9
Ford
Car
All
1986


32.5
33.9
31.1
27.9
24.6
22.0
10.4







26.7
Ford
Car
All
1987



34.8
30.6
27.4
24.8
21.8
10.9







26.5
Ford
Car
All
1988

45.7

34.2
31.9
27.5
25.3
22.6
10.9
10.9






26.9
Ford
Car
All
1989

41.4

34.0
31.6
27.9
25.6
23.5
10.9







27.0
Ford
Car
All
1990

44.4
37.8
34.6
32.0
27.7
25.7
23.5








26.3
Ford
Car
All
1991

43.8
37.7
38.7
33.2
25.8
26.1
23.3
15.4







27.0
Ford
Car
All
1992

44.7
37.7
39.4
33.2
27.4
26.4
23.7
17.1







26.4
Ford
Car
All
1993

44.9
37.6
38.8
33.5
28.3
26.2
23.7
15.1







27.5
Ford
Car
All
1994


41.1
38.6
34.7
28.3
26.2
23.3



13.9




26.8
Ford
Car
All
1995


41.1
36.8
34.6
30.9
26.4
23.3



13.9




27.7
Ford
Car
All
1996


39.8
37.4
34.1
29.3
26.0
23.5








26.2
Ford
Car
All
1997


42.5
34.2
34.4
30.2
25.7
23.4
19.0







26.9
Ford
Car
All
1998




33.8
30.8
26.0
22.5








26.7
Ford
Car
All
1999




34.1
31.0
26.4
22.9








26.6
Ford
Car
All
2000




33.5
32.4
26.2
22.9
21.8







26.5
Ford
Car
All
2001




33.6
33.5
25.4
22.9
22.7







26.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-21	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Car
All
2002




33.6
32.3
26.2
23.2
22.4







26.8
Ford
Car
All
2003




33.1
32.3
26.0
23.2
23.5







26.5
Ford
Car
All
2004




35.9
31.6
25.9
24.1
23.1







25.7
Ford
Car
All
2005





33.0
26.4
25.7
24.0







27.2
Ford
Car
All
2006





33.7
27.1
25.4
23.0







26.9
Ford
Car
All
2007





35.3
27.0
25.3
23.6



19.1



27.4
Ford
Car
All
2008




37.3
35.9
28.3
26.7
23.3







27.8
Ford
Car
All
2009





37.6
29.1
27.4
24.4







29.6
Ford
Car
All
2010





37.3
30.8
29.2
25.4







30.4
Ford
Car
All
2011




43.8
37.6
32.0
28.9
26.4



19.1



31.2
Ford
Car
All
2012




44.2
41.6
32.2
29.2
27.8







34.1
Ford
Car
All
2013




44.2
41.3
34.2
34.6
28.0







34.8
Ford
Car
All
2014




41.4
40.6
33.3
33.4
27.9







34.8
Ford
Car
All
2015




41.4
42.5
35.6
32.7
27.8







34.4
Ford
Car
All
2016




42.0
41.8
35.7
33.4
27.6







35.0
Ford
Car
All
2017




42.3
42.0
36.2
34.1
27.7
24.7






34.3
Ford
Car
All
2018




42.4
43.1
36.6
34.4
28.0
25.1






34.6
Ford
Truck
Van
1975







13.0
11.5
11.1






12.6
Ford
Truck
Van
1976







13.4
13.5
11.4






13.4
Ford
Truck
Van
1977







16.0
14.0
11.7






15.5
Ford
Truck
Van
1978







15.4
13.8
11.9






15.0
Ford
Truck
Van
1979







15.6
12.4
11.1
11.0
10.6




12.1
Ford
Truck
Van
1980







19.7
17.1
14.6
12.4
10.9




16.2
Ford
Truck
Van
1981







19.9
16.9
14.6
13.4





16.8
Ford
Truck
Van
1982







19.3
16.1
14.8
13.4





16.2
Ford
Truck
Van
1983







18.8
16.2
15.0
12.1





16.3
Ford
Truck
Van
1984







18.8
15.7
14.8
12.1





16.6
Ford
Truck
Van
1985







18.9
15.5
15.0
12.3





16.2
Ford
Truck
Van
1986





29.0
23.3
21.4
18.3
16.0
12.8





19.7
Ford
Truck
Van
1987





30.9
23.3
21.9
17.8
15.8
13.6





19.6
Ford
Truck
Van
1988






22.5
21.8
18.4
16.7
13.6





19.4
Ford
Truck
Van
1989






22.7
22.0
17.8
16.5
13.6





19.8
Ford
Truck
Van
1990






22.9
21.4
17.9
16.3
14.2





19.3
Ford
Truck
Van
1991






23.1
21.7
18.0
16.6
15.0





19.8
Ford
Truck
Van
1992






23.9
21.7
19.8
17.3
16.0
14.8




19.7
Ford
Truck
Van
1993






23.7
22.5
20.0
17.3
16.0





20.8
Ford
Truck
Van
1994






23.7
22.2
20.1
17.4
16.1
15.5




19.9
Ford
Truck
Van
1995






23.4
22.8

17.5
16.2
16.0




21.7
Ford
Truck
Van
1996






23.5
22.9
20.2
17.1
15.8
16.1




21.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-22	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Truck
Van
1997






22.3
22.4
19.4
19.0
17.2
16.6




20.7
Ford
Truck
Van
1998







23.3

19.3
17.4
16.6




22.4
Ford
Truck
Van
1999







22.8
22.2
18.1
17.4
16.2




21.0
Ford
Truck
Van
2000







22.8
22.4
18.5
18.0
16.3




21.6
Ford
Truck
Van
2001







22.0

19.6
17.4
16.0




18.0
Ford
Truck
Van
2002







22.3
22.9
19.1
17.8
17.1




21.9
Ford
Truck
Van
2003







23.6
23.2
19.1
17.3





22.2
Ford
Truck
Van
2004








22.1
19.4
19.3
16.9




21.5
Ford
Truck
Van
2005







26.5
23.6
19.3
19.0
16.9




23.5
Ford
Truck
Van
2006







26.5
23.1
19.1
19.0
16.9




22.6
Ford
Truck
Van
2007







26.5
23.3







24.6
Ford
Truck
Van
2008








24.0







24.0
Ford
Truck
Van
2009








24.4







24.4
Ford
Truck
Van
2010






30.3









30.3
Ford
Truck
Van
2011






30.1



15.9
17.3
13.8
13.5


27.7
Ford
Truck
Van
2012






30.5



14.4
17.3
15.1
13.2


28.5
Ford
Truck
Van
2013






30.5



17.1
17.2
13.7
13.3


28.8
Ford
Truck
Van
2014






31.2
30.3
30.5
25.0
17.2
17.1
15.3
13.2


28.5
Ford
Truck
Van
2015






31.2
30.6
30.5
25.0

20.8




28.9
Ford
Truck
Van
2016






30.3
29.5

24.8

20.0

19.9


27.7
Ford
Truck
Van
2017






30.2
29.4

24.8

19.5




27.1
Ford
Truck
Van
2018






30.2
29.7



20.1




27.8
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1975









10.6






10.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1976









13.7






13.7
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1977









14.5






14.5
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1978









13.2






13.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1979









11.0






11.0
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1980








14.8
13.1






14.0
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1981








16.4
13.3






15.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1982








15.8
13.2






14.8
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1983








16.7
13.1






15.3
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1984






21.2

16.9
14.0






18.3
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1985






21.8

18.4
14.0






18.8
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1986






22.2

18.0
16.0






19.8
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1987






22.6

20.1
16.0






20.0
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1988






21.9

19.5
16.2






19.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1989







21.8
18.6
16.2






18.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1990






23.5
21.9
19.8
16.0






18.0
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1991







20.8
20.1
16.1






19.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-23	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1992







21.3
19.9
16.2






19.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1993







21.6
20.2
16.4






19.7
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1994







20.6
20.1
17.0






19.7
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1995







22.0
20.0
17.0






19.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1996








19.9
16.5






19.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1997







21.6
19.4
18.2
16.9





18.7
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1998







20.7
19.5
18.2
16.8
16.0




18.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1999







20.1
19.5
17.8
17.2
16.4




18.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2000







20.4
19.6
19.4
17.3
16.2




18.4
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






23.6

20.9


15.6




20.9
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






23.8
20.3
19.6
19.3
17.3
15.9




19.6
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






23.6
19.7
20.0
18.6
18.2
17.0




19.0
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






23.6
21.7
20.2
18.6
19.3
16.9




19.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






25.2
24.2
19.5
18.1

18.0




20.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






26.5
25.4
20.2
19.4

17.9




20.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






26.5
25.3
22.1
19.4

18.3




21.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






28.4
26.1
22.9
19.8

18.5




22.5
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







27.2
24.1
20.5

20.3




24.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






29.5
27.5
25.0
20.5

19.7
18.4



23.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






29.5
27.3
25.7
24.2

20.4
18.6


16.4
24.5
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






29.5
26.4
26.4
24.4

20.3
18.6


16.4
24.8
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2013







32.0
26.3
24.6

20.1
18.5
19.9

16.4
26.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2014







31.9
26.2
24.7

20.8
18.6
19.9

16.4
26.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2015







31.2
26.7
24.5

22.1
21.2
19.9


26.2
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







31.7
26.4
24.3

22.1
21.1



26.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







31.1
26.5
24.3

22.1
21.1
20.4


26.1
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






34.3
31.8
26.1
24.2

25.3
23.4



27.2
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1975





21.1
14.2
12.6
11.7
10.9
9.3





12.6
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1976





22.9
17.5
14.7
12.6
11.4
10.8





13.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1977





29.5
20.7
17.1
13.9
12.7
12.0





15.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1978





29.2
19.6
17.1
13.9
12.9
12.4
10.9




15.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1979





26.3
18.4
15.4
13.5
11.0
9.5





14.8
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1980





25.9
17.5
18.9
14.7
13.3
12.5





18.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1981




28.4
26.3
21.6
19.2
15.0
13.6
13.3





19.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1982




28.9
26.7
22.2
18.3
14.3
14.2






18.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1983




28.1
24.4
21.6
17.9
15.6
13.6






20.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1984




28.8
25.3
22.0
18.2
15.7
14.7






19.5
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1985




28.6
25.7
23.0
18.4
16.5
13.3






20.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1986




28.8
26.6
23.1
19.0
17.5
15.3






20.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-24	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1987




29.0
26.8
23.7
19.2
17.1
15.9






20.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1988





27.6
22.6
19.6
17.9
15.6






21.2
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1989





28.6
23.6
20.2
18.2
16.0






20.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1990





30.0
23.2
20.2
18.6
15.9






20.8
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1991





29.9
24.5
20.2
18.4
16.2






21.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1992





30.1
26.2
21.3
18.5
16.9






20.6
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1993





30.0
25.7
21.7
19.1
17.0






21.2
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1994






25.7
20.9
19.1
17.5






21.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1995






26.8
22.0
19.0
17.4
15.6





20.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1996






26.3
21.8
18.4
17.1






21.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1997






27.2
21.6
20.0
18.4
16.5





21.2
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1998






25.1
21.2
20.1
18.0
16.6





20.8
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1999






23.9
20.5
20.1
17.9
15.9





20.3
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2000






24.3
20.8
20.1
18.4
16.7





20.5
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2001






24.2
20.4
20.4
18.6
17.4





19.8
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2002






24.7
20.3
20.3
18.8
17.5
15.9




20.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2003






25.9
21.0
20.6
18.8
17.3
15.8




20.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2004






25.6
21.0
20.3
19.2
19.0
17.8




19.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2005






25.9
21.0
19.7
19.8
18.7
18.0
16.3



19.1
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2006






26.3
21.2

19.9
18.8
17.6
15.2



19.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2007






26.4
20.7

20.2
19.1
17.7
15.1



19.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2008






26.8
20.7
20.7
20.2
19.1
18.3
16.0



19.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2009






27.9
21.2

20.8
21.0
19.5




21.0
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2010






27.7
21.1

20.9
21.1
19.7




20.7
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2011






27.7
21.2

23.0
22.6
20.9
16.2



21.7
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2012









23.1
22.9
21.1
16.7



21.5
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2013









23.8
22.9
21.4
16.7



21.8
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2014









23.8
22.8
21.3
16.7



21.7
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2015







26.3
26.4
23.5
20.8





23.7
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2016







26.7
26.3
23.5
22.2





23.9
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2017







27.1
26.2
24.4
22.0
20.9




24.4
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2018







29.1
28.5
25.5
25.6
23.7




25.7
Ford
Truck
All
1975





21.1
14.2
12.8
11.7
10.9
9.3





12.5
Ford
Truck
All
1976





22.9
17.5
14.3
12.8
11.7
10.8





13.8
Ford
Truck
All
1977





29.5
20.7
16.8
13.9
13.1
12.0





15.8
Ford
Truck
All
1978





29.2
19.6
16.5
13.9
13.1
12.4
10.9




15.5
Ford
Truck
All
1979





26.3
18.4
15.4
13.1
11.0
9.7
10.6




14.0
Ford
Truck
All
1980





25.9
17.5
19.0
15.3
13.6
12.4
10.9




17.4
Ford
Truck
All
1981




28.4
26.3
21.6
19.3
15.9
13.9
13.3





18.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-25	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
Truck
All
1982




28.9
26.7
22.2
18.4
15.5
14.2
13.4





17.5
Ford
Truck
All
1983




28.1
24.4
21.6
18.0
16.0
14.1
12.1





19.1
Ford
Truck
All
1984




28.8
25.3
21.5
18.3
15.8
14.4
12.1





18.8
Ford
Truck
All
1985




28.6
25.7
22.2
18.5
16.2
14.3
12.3





19.3
Ford
Truck
All
1986




28.8
26.7
22.7
19.7
17.8
15.9
12.8





20.3
Ford
Truck
All
1987




29.0
26.8
23.2
20.6
17.3
15.9
13.6





20.4
Ford
Truck
All
1988





27.6
22.3
20.7
17.9
16.3
13.6





20.5
Ford
Truck
All
1989





28.6
23.4
21.6
18.1
16.2
13.6





20.0
Ford
Truck
All
1990





30.0
23.2
21.2
18.5
16.1
14.2





20.1
Ford
Truck
All
1991





29.9
24.4
21.1
19.2
16.3
15.0





20.4
Ford
Truck
All
1992





30.1
26.1
21.6
19.1
16.9
16.0
14.8




20.1
Ford
Truck
All
1993





30.0
25.6
22.3
19.5
17.0
16.0





20.8
Ford
Truck
All
1994






25.6
21.7
19.6
17.4
16.1
15.5




20.7
Ford
Truck
All
1995






26.6
22.7
19.4
17.4
16.2
16.0




20.6
Ford
Truck
All
1996






26.2
22.7
19.4
17.0
15.8
16.1




20.8
Ford
Truck
All
1997






27.0
22.0
19.7
18.5
16.9
16.6




20.2
Ford
Truck
All
1998






25.1
22.7
19.8
18.3
16.8
16.0




20.2
Ford
Truck
All
1999






23.9
21.0
20.4
17.9
17.1
16.4




19.7
Ford
Truck
All
2000






24.3
21.0
20.6
18.6
17.3
16.2




19.9
Ford
Truck
All
2001






24.0
20.5
20.8
18.8
17.4
15.8




19.8
Ford
Truck
All
2002






24.3
20.6
20.2
18.9
17.5
15.9




20.0
Ford
Truck
All
2003






24.7
21.1
20.9
18.8
17.7
17.0




19.8
Ford
Truck
All
2004






24.5
21.0
20.6
18.9
19.1
17.5




19.5
Ford
Truck
All
2005






25.7
23.6
21.0
19.1
18.7
18.0
16.3



20.0
Ford
Truck
All
2006






26.4
24.2
21.8
19.6
18.8
17.7
15.2



19.8
Ford
Truck
All
2007






26.4
23.8
22.3
19.9
19.1
17.8
15.1



20.2
Ford
Truck
All
2008






27.2
24.6
23.1
20.0
19.1
18.3
16.0



21.0
Ford
Truck
All
2009






27.9
25.7
24.2
20.7
21.0
19.6




22.1
Ford
Truck
All
2010






29.0
25.9
25.0
20.7
21.1
19.7
18.4



21.8
Ford
Truck
All
2011






28.6
24.7
25.7
23.8
22.5
20.8
17.7
13.5

16.4
22.9
Ford
Truck
All
2012






30.0
26.4
26.4
23.9
22.9
21.0
17.9
13.2

16.4
23.1
Ford
Truck
All
2013






30.5
32.0
26.3
24.4
22.8
21.3
17.7
19.6

16.4
23.8
Ford
Truck
All
2014






31.2
31.6
26.2
24.5
22.8
21.3
17.8
19.5

16.4
23.8
Ford
Truck
All
2015






31.2
31.0
26.7
23.7
20.8
21.7
21.2
19.9


25.2
Ford
Truck
All
2016






30.3
30.8
26.4
23.8
22.2
21.3
21.1
19.9


25.1
Ford
Truck
All
2017






30.2
30.7
26.4
24.3
22.0
21.2
21.1
20.4


25.5
Ford
Truck
All
2018






33.7
31.4
26.9
25.2
25.6
24.3
23.4



26.4
Ford
All
All
1975




27.8
22.2
16.5
13.1
12.3
11.3
11.1





13.5
Ford
All
All
1976




27.8
25.2
18.6
15.7
14.0
14.1
13.0





15.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-26	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
All
All
1977




27.6
25.2
19.2
17.5
15.4
14.1
12.6





16.3
Ford
All
All
1978

37.3


26.1
23.0
19.6
16.7
15.9
14.2
13.0
10.9




17.5
Ford
All
All
1979

32.1


25.2
22.4
19.4
16.5
15.0
12.2
9.7
10.6




17.3
Ford
All
All
1980

29.8


25.7
23.9
20.1
19.0
16.0
13.6
12.4
10.9




20.8
Ford
All
All
1981

39.0
33.2
29.2
27.2
23.1
20.5
19.1
16.0
13.9
13.3





21.6
Ford
All
All
1982


34.5
31.2
28.9
22.6
21.0
19.1
15.5
14.2
13.4





22.1
Ford
All
All
1983


33.2
30.7
28.1
23.2
22.5
19.0
16.0
14.1
12.1





21.9
Ford
All
All
1984


38.5
32.6
29.2
25.5
22.9
19.2
15.8
14.4
12.1





22.8
Ford
All
All
1985


39.3
33.7
30.6
26.7
23.0
19.9
16.2
14.3
12.3





23.4
Ford
All
All
1986


32.5
33.9
30.6
27.5
24.0
20.7
17.8
15.9
12.8





23.9
Ford
All
All
1987



34.8
30.4
27.2
24.4
21.3
17.3
15.9
13.6





24.0
Ford
All
All
1988

45.7

34.2
31.9
27.5
24.5
21.9
17.9
16.3
13.6





24.4
Ford
All
All
1989

41.4

34.0
31.6
28.0
25.2
22.8
18.1
16.2
13.6





24.2
Ford
All
All
1990

44.4
37.8
34.6
32.0
28.1
25.1
22.7
18.5
16.1
14.2





23.7
Ford
All
All
1991

43.8
37.7
38.7
33.2
26.5
25.6
22.6
19.2
16.3
15.0





24.2
Ford
All
All
1992

44.7
37.7
39.4
33.2
27.5
26.3
23.1
19.1
16.9
16.0
14.8




23.5
Ford
All
All
1993

44.9
37.6
38.8
33.5
28.5
26.1
23.1
19.5
17.0
16.0





24.5
Ford
All
All
1994


41.1
38.6
34.7
28.3
25.9
22.8
19.6
17.4
16.1
15.5




23.7
Ford
All
All
1995


41.1
36.8
34.6
30.9
26.5
23.0
19.4
17.4
16.2
16.0




24.0
Ford
All
All
1996


39.8
37.4
34.1
29.3
26.1
23.2
19.4
17.0
15.8
16.1




23.3
Ford
All
All
1997


42.5
34.2
34.4
30.2
26.1
22.8
19.7
18.5
16.9
16.6




22.8
Ford
All
All
1998




33.8
30.8
25.8
22.6
19.8
18.3
16.8
16.0




22.8
Ford
All
All
1999




34.1
31.0
25.8
22.2
20.4
17.9
17.1
16.4




22.6
Ford
All
All
2000




33.5
32.4
25.8
22.2
20.6
18.6
17.3
16.2




22.8
Ford
All
All
2001




33.6
33.5
25.1
22.1
20.8
18.8
17.4
15.8




22.4
Ford
All
All
2002




33.6
32.3
25.7
22.1
20.2
18.9
17.5
15.9




22.3
Ford
All
All
2003




33.1
32.3
25.7
21.8
21.5
18.8
17.7
17.0




22.1
Ford
All
All
2004




35.9
31.6
25.6
21.9
21.2
18.9
19.1
17.5




21.1
Ford
All
All
2005





33.0
26.3
24.6
21.8
19.1
18.7
18.0
16.3



22.6
Ford
All
All
2006





33.7
27.1
24.9
22.3
19.6
18.8
17.7
15.2



22.5
Ford
All
All
2007





35.3
27.0
24.7
23.0
19.9
19.1
17.8
18.7



23.5
Ford
All
All
2008




37.3
35.9
28.1
25.8
23.2
20.0
19.1
18.3
16.0



24.1
Ford
All
All
2009





37.6
28.9
26.5
24.3
20.7
21.0
19.6




25.8
Ford
All
All
2010





37.3
30.5
27.9
25.3
20.7
21.1
19.7
18.4



25.6
Ford
All
All
2011




43.8
37.6
31.2
27.1
26.1
23.8
22.5
20.8
17.7
13.5

16.4
26.4
Ford
All
All
2012




44.2
41.6
31.9
28.4
26.9
23.9
22.9
21.0
17.9
13.2

16.4
28.7
Ford
All
All
2013




44.2
41.3
33.6
34.0
27.1
24.4
22.8
21.3
17.7
19.6

16.4
28.1
Ford
All
All
2014




41.4
40.6
33.3
32.9
26.8
24.5
22.8
21.3
17.8
19.5

16.4
28.7
Ford
All
All
2015




41.4
42.5
35.5
32.2
26.9
23.7
20.8
21.7
21.2
19.9


28.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-27	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Ford
All
All
2016




42.0
41.8
35.5
32.6
26.6
23.8
22.2
21.3
21.1
19.9


28.9
Ford
All
All
2017




42.3
42.0
36.1
33.0
26.7
24.3
22.0
21.2
21.1
20.4


28.9
Ford
All
All
2018




42.4
43.1
36.1
33.3
27.2
25.2
25.6
24.3
23.4



28.9
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975


26.6
23.4
22.6
20.8
19.5
16.6
12.9
13.7
12.6





15.8
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976


24.6
26.1
24.2
21.7
19.5
17.9
14.1
13.6
12.3





16.8
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


29.6
28.4
22.1
21.6
20.4
17.4
14.6
13.3
12.1





16.7
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


28.1
28.2
24.5
24.6
20.0
17.6
15.4
13.5
11.0





19.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

37.6
32.6
28.0
24.7
22.9
20.2
17.9
16.4







21.0
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

38.8
31.3
27.5
25.1
23.1
20.1
17.4








22.7
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

41.7
34.0
29.6
26.7
23.4
21.1
18.5








26.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

41.7
36.2
32.4
28.8
26.0
22.2
19.8

10.0






26.9
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

42.7
36.0
34.6
30.2
25.2
22.6
19.3

10.0






28.4
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

44.8
36.2
31.4
28.9
26.4
22.3
19.7

10.0






28.5
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


37.5
31.4
29.8
26.3
24.0
21.4

10.0






28.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


39.3
31.7
29.8
27.1
23.0
21.4

10.0






28.5
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987


38.8
30.2
29.3
26.5
23.1
21.5








27.7
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988


39.7
32.7
30.3
27.8
25.0
21.4








28.5
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989



36.5
30.7
28.5
24.7
21.2








28.0
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990



35.3
31.6
28.7
25.4
24.0








27.3
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991



37.0
32.0
28.6
25.2
23.8








27.4
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992



36.8
32.6
28.8
25.4
23.6








27.7
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993


42.5
37.0
32.3
29.0
25.7
23.6








27.9
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994


41.8
35.8
31.9
28.3
25.0
23.5








26.2
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995


41.8
37.4
31.9
29.0
26.1
23.8








28.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996


41.7
33.9
31.1
30.1
26.1
24.0








27.2
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997




31.2
29.8
26.1
24.0
12.8







27.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998




31.8
31.6
26.6
24.5








28.3
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999




31.1
27.9
27.2
24.5
13.4







26.9
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000




32.5
30.6
26.5
25.0
13.5







27.6
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001




34.6
31.9
27.1
24.4
13.5







27.6
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002




36.1
31.5
26.4
24.5
13.6







26.9
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




37.1
32.9
26.8
25.0
13.5







28.4
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




37.1
32.5
28.0
25.3
22.2
21.8






27.4
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




33.3
32.1
27.9
25.4
22.7
21.8






26.5
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006






27.9
25.6
22.3
21.7






25.4
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007






30.3
25.1
22.2
21.6






27.1
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008






30.6
26.2
22.0
21.6






27.8
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009





35.3
30.8
26.3
22.6







27.5
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010





33.6
31.6
26.1
22.9







27.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-28	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011





35.7
31.6
28.1
22.7







28.3
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012



44.8
39.9
35.7
31.3
28.8
23.2







30.0
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013



46.2
40.3
165.0
33.3
28.8
23.8







30.8
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014



46.6
40.2
165.0
32.9
28.7
24.3
23.1






29.3
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015



46.6
39.9
82.7
35.8
29.8
24.3
23.1






32.2
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016



46.6
39.2
125.8
35.4
29.8
24.3
23.7






30.0
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017



46.6
39.5
116.9
34.0
29.8
25.0
23.7






29.3
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




38.2
109.4
33.2
30.2
24.4
23.7






27.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1975







14.5








14.5
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1976







16.5








16.5
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1977







16.4








16.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1978







16.4








16.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1979




20.8


16.0








20.3
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1980







17.6








17.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1981







17.3








17.3
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1982



23.6












23.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1983



23.2












23.2
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1984



22.6



16.7








18.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1985





23.4










23.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1986





25.7
22.1









22.7
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1987





26.4
20.4









21.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1988





26.3
20.8









21.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1989





24.9
20.7









20.9
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1990





25.0
21.0









21.2
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1991





23.3
20.6









20.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1992





24.8
20.6









20.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1993





25.2
20.1
19.0








19.3
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1994





24.8
20.7
20.7








20.9
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1995






20.1
18.9








19.5
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1996





24.5
20.8
20.4








20.7
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1997





24.3
21.0
20.2








20.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1998






21.1
20.6








20.8
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1999






21.6
21.6








21.6
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2000






21.5
21.0








21.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2001






20.9
21.1








21.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2002







20.2








20.2
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2003







22.0








22.0
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2004







22.5








22.5
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2005







22.1








22.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-29	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2006







22.4








22.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2007







23.1








23.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2008

















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2009







27.3








27.3
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2010







27.8








27.8
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2011

















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2012






31.6
24.1
25.5







27.8
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2013






31.8
27.8
25.6







29.9
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2014






32.1
30.7
25.3







31.4
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2015






32.6
31.9
25.3







32.3
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2016





37.5
32.0
32.1








32.1
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2017





37.5
32.1
31.5








31.9
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2018





37.5
33.5
30.2








31.9
FCA
Car
All
1975


26.6
23.4
22.6
20.8
19.5
16.5
12.9
13.7
12.6





15.8
FCA
Car
All
1976


24.6
26.1
24.2
21.7
19.5
17.9
14.1
13.6
12.3





16.8
FCA
Car
All
1977


29.6
28.4
22.1
21.6
20.4
17.3
14.6
13.3
12.1





16.7
FCA
Car
All
1978


28.1
28.2
24.5
24.6
20.0
17.6
15.4
13.5
11.0





19.1
FCA
Car
All
1979

37.6
32.6
28.0
24.1
22.9
20.2
17.9
16.4







21.0
FCA
Car
All
1980

38.8
31.3
27.5
25.1
23.1
20.1
17.4








22.7
FCA
Car
All
1981

41.7
34.0
29.6
26.7
23.4
21.1
18.5








26.1
FCA
Car
All
1982

41.7
36.2
31.3
28.8
26.0
22.2
19.8

10.0






26.9
FCA
Car
All
1983

42.7
36.0
33.2
30.2
25.2
22.6
19.3

10.0






28.3
FCA
Car
All
1984

44.8
36.2
31.2
28.9
26.4
22.3
19.5

10.0






28.4
FCA
Car
All
1985


37.5
31.4
29.8
26.2
24.0
21.4

10.0






28.1
FCA
Car
All
1986


39.3
31.7
29.8
27.1
22.4
21.4

10.0






28.5
FCA
Car
All
1987


38.8
30.2
29.3
26.5
22.0
21.5








27.6
FCA
Car
All
1988


39.7
32.7
30.3
27.8
24.5
21.4








28.3
FCA
Car
All
1989



36.5
30.7
28.5
24.5
21.2








27.9
FCA
Car
All
1990



35.3
31.6
28.7
25.2
24.0








27.2
FCA
Car
All
1991



37.0
32.0
28.6
25.0
23.8








27.3
FCA
Car
All
1992



36.8
32.6
28.8
24.7
23.6








27.2
FCA
Car
All
1993


42.5
37.0
32.3
28.9
24.8
19.2








25.1
FCA
Car
All
1994


41.8
35.8
31.9
28.3
24.3
23.0








25.7
FCA
Car
All
1995


41.8
37.4
31.9
29.0
25.4
22.4








27.3
FCA
Car
All
1996


41.7
33.9
31.1
29.7
25.4
23.0








26.3
FCA
Car
All
1997




31.2
29.8
25.8
22.8
12.8







26.3
FCA
Car
All
1998




31.8
31.6
26.1
20.9








27.2
FCA
Car
All
1999




31.1
27.9
26.8
23.8
13.4







26.3
FCA
Car
All
2000




32.5
30.6
26.3
23.2
13.5







26.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-30	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Car
All
2001




34.6
31.9
26.7
22.9
13.5







26.8
FCA
Car
All
2002




36.1
31.5
26.4
23.0
13.6







26.4
FCA
Car
All
2003




37.1
32.9
26.8
22.8
13.5







27.2
FCA
Car
All
2004




37.1
32.5
28.0
23.9
22.2
21.8






27.1
FCA
Car
All
2005




33.3
32.1
27.9
24.7
22.7
21.8






26.3
FCA
Car
All
2006






27.9
25.2
22.3
21.7






25.3
FCA
Car
All
2007






30.3
24.8
22.2
21.6






26.9
FCA
Car
All
2008






30.6
26.2
22.0
21.6






27.8
FCA
Car
All
2009





35.3
30.8
26.5
22.6







27.5
FCA
Car
All
2010





33.6
31.6
26.2
22.9







27.8
FCA
Car
All
2011





35.7
31.6
28.1
22.7







28.3
FCA
Car
All
2012



44.8
39.9
35.7
31.4
28.0
23.5







29.6
FCA
Car
All
2013



46.2
40.3
165.0
33.2
28.7
24.0







30.7
FCA
Car
All
2014



46.6
40.2
165.0
32.6
29.2
24.4
23.1






29.8
FCA
Car
All
2015



46.6
39.9
82.7
34.9
30.4
24.3
23.1






32.2
FCA
Car
All
2016



46.6
39.2
101.1
33.5
30.6
24.3
23.7






30.8
FCA
Car
All
2017



46.6
39.5
106.5
32.4
30.6
25.0
23.7






30.4
FCA
Car
All
2018




38.2
97.8
33.5
30.2
24.4
23.7






29.1
FCA
Truck
Van
1975






18.8
14.3
11.5
11.2






12.6
FCA
Truck
Van
1976






19.5
14.9
13.6
11.5






14.2
FCA
Truck
Van
1977






19.6
15.5
13.3
12.3






13.8
FCA
Truck
Van
1978






19.2
14.9
12.9
12.6






13.4
FCA
Truck
Van
1979







15.8
13.7
11.7
10.6





13.8
FCA
Truck
Van
1980






18.3
17.7
14.8
12.8
11.2





16.6
FCA
Truck
Van
1981






19.9
17.8
15.6
13.3
11.1





17.4
FCA
Truck
Van
1982






20.4
18.0
15.4
13.2






17.7
FCA
Truck
Van
1983







18.6
15.9
13.0






18.0
FCA
Truck
Van
1984




29.7
25.1
23.9
16.7
14.7
13.1
11.2





20.2
FCA
Truck
Van
1985




29.8
25.8
23.2
17.2
15.1
13.3
12.0





21.0
FCA
Truck
Van
1986




29.4
26.5
24.1
18.4
16.5
15.0
12.2





22.0
FCA
Truck
Van
1987




29.3
27.1
24.4
21.2
16.7
15.2
12.0





22.3
FCA
Truck
Van
1988





27.8
24.7
22.8
17.4
15.7
12.9





23.0
FCA
Truck
Van
1989





26.5
24.3
23.2
16.4
15.5
12.2





22.6
FCA
Truck
Van
1990





26.4
25.4
23.0
16.9
16.2
12.4





23.0
FCA
Truck
Van
1991





26.2
25.7
23.2
17.9
16.2






22.8
FCA
Truck
Van
1992





27.7
25.9
23.1
17.0
15.3
14.6





22.7
FCA
Truck
Van
1993





27.9
25.3
23.2
18.2
16.2
15.2





23.6
FCA
Truck
Van
1994





28.3
24.7
23.0
17.9
16.6
15.7





22.4
FCA
Truck
Van
1995





27.7
25.1
23.0
17.1
16.4
15.3





23.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-31	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Truck
Van
1996





27.7
24.2
24.0
20.5
17.1
14.7





22.8
FCA
Truck
Van
1997







23.7
20.6
17.5
14.9
14.4




22.7
FCA
Truck
Van
1998







24.2
21.8
17.3
17.1





23.3
FCA
Truck
Van
1999







23.9
21.8
17.8
17.3





23.0
FCA
Truck
Van
2000







24.5
21.7
17.4
15.7





23.4
FCA
Truck
Van
2001







24.8
23.7
18.9
16.4





23.4
FCA
Truck
Van
2002







25.8
23.6
17.3
15.5





23.8
FCA
Truck
Van
2003







26.0
23.9
18.3






24.5
FCA
Truck
Van
2004







25.7
24.1
22.5






24.5
FCA
Truck
Van
2005







25.7
23.3







24.3
FCA
Truck
Van
2006







25.7
23.9







24.4
FCA
Truck
Van
2007







25.7
23.4







23.8
FCA
Truck
Van
2008








24.3
26.0






24.4
FCA
Truck
Van
2009








24.3
26.0






24.6
FCA
Truck
Van
2010








24.1
26.0






24.4
FCA
Truck
Van
2011








25.7







25.7
FCA
Truck
Van
2012








25.9







25.9
FCA
Truck
Van
2013








25.6
25.4






25.5
FCA
Truck
Van
2014








25.9
25.3






25.9
FCA
Truck
Van
2015






31.5

25.8







26.1
FCA
Truck
Van
2016






31.5

25.9







26.1
FCA
Truck
Van
2017






31.5

27.5
106.1






27.8
FCA
Truck
Van
2018






31.5

27.2
78.7






29.6
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1975




16.8


13.2
13.1

10.6





14.6
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1976




17.8
15.4

13.8
13.3

11.2





15.0
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1977




18.6
16.8

14.7
14.3

11.9





15.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1978




18.1
16.8

14.5
13.9

12.0





15.6
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





17.2
15.6
16.9
12.9
12.1






15.1
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





19.7
16.3
17.0
12.9
12.4






16.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





20.9
17.2
17.3
14.9
13.6






18.4
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





20.2

20.5
15.1
13.7






17.7
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





20.5

20.3
15.0
14.1






17.7
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





22.6
20.7
20.1
14.0
12.1






18.3
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1985






22.1

14.4
14.0






15.0
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





22.8
21.2
19.1
14.5
13.6






19.1
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





22.4
21.8

14.7
13.1






19.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





22.3
20.3

14.6
14.6






19.2
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





22.1
20.2
19.4
14.5
13.2






19.2
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





22.1
20.5
20.6
14.6
14.3






19.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-32	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1991






19.8
18.4
14.4
14.9






19.4
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





22.5
19.4
19.3
16.7
15.0






19.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





22.5
19.6
19.7
16.5
15.3






20.0
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





22.1
19.4
18.2








18.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





22.4
19.4
18.3








19.3
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1996






19.8
18.5








19.0
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1997






21.0
19.1








19.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1998






20.3
19.6
16.7
16.5






18.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1999






21.5
20.2
18.5
16.4






18.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2000






20.3
20.1
18.2
17.1






19.0
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






20.5
20.0
18.6
16.8






18.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






21.8
20.0
19.4
17.6






19.4
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






22.1
20.8
21.0
18.9






20.5
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






22.2
21.2
20.1
18.0
17.0





20.2
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






20.0
20.8
21.8
18.5
17.1





19.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






23.8
20.2
21.8
19.2
18.3





19.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






29.1
21.8
21.4
19.4
18.6





21.6
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






30.0
22.5
21.8
19.7
18.4





22.3
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2009






28.9
22.3
22.0
19.8
19.4
26.9




22.7
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






29.8
22.1
22.3
19.5
19.8





23.1
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






30.8
22.6
22.5
23.9
19.9





23.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






29.8
24.3
23.1
23.9
19.2





23.6
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






30.0
25.2
23.3
23.8
19.4





23.8
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






30.2
27.3
24.0
25.2
22.0





25.4
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






30.8
27.8
24.2
25.4
22.0





25.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






30.8
28.4
23.6
27.4
22.2





26.9
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






31.3
27.9
23.4
27.2
21.3





26.4
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






33.0
29.3
26.4
27.2
22.5
17.9




27.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1975






18.7
13.5
12.8
12.0
10.8





13.0
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1976






19.8
15.3
13.1
12.5
11.3





14.0
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1977






19.9
15.7
13.8
13.3
11.9





14.5
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1978






19.1
15.3
13.3
13.2
12.0





14.5
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1979




23.9


16.6
12.3
11.7
11.7





15.0
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1980




24.7

18.2
18.0
13.8
12.8
11.4





19.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1981




25.1
23.6
20.2
18.3
14.9







19.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1982



29.6
27.8
23.7
22.5
18.7
15.3
13.7






21.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1983



33.7
29.0
26.1
24.7
19.0
15.1
13.4






23.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1984



30.0
27.8
25.3
20.6
17.7
14.2
12.5






19.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1985




28.3
26.3
22.3
17.2
14.9
13.4






18.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-33	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1986




28.7
25.3
23.0
17.8
14.9
13.0






20.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1987




29.9
27.4
22.5
18.6
15.2
13.7






21.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1988




29.6
26.9
21.7
19.0
16.1
13.8






20.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1989




29.6
27.4
20.7
18.2
15.5
14.0






19.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1990





25.0
22.9
19.7
16.0
14.0






19.1
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1991





24.5
23.2
19.3
16.0
14.2
12.4





18.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1992





24.6
23.0
19.3
17.3
15.2
13.9





19.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1993





26.4
22.0
19.5
17.3
15.8
14.2





18.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1994






23.6
20.7
18.1
15.9
15.2





18.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1995






26.0
20.3
17.5
15.8
15.1





17.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1996






23.2
19.9
17.6
16.6
15.1





17.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1997






24.6
20.3
18.0
17.1
16.0





17.7
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1998






26.8
20.9
18.6
17.0
16.3
15.5




18.0
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1999






26.4
20.2
18.0
17.3
16.2
16.2




17.7
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2000






25.7
21.3
18.9
17.0
16.1
15.8




18.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2001






25.6
20.4
18.9
17.1
15.5
15.8




17.3
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2002






26.0
20.8
19.2
18.3
16.5
15.3




17.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2003







21.1
19.9
18.9
17.1
16.1




18.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2004







22.2
20.4
18.0
17.0
16.0




17.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2005








20.8
18.4
16.9
13.0




18.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2006








20.8
19.7
18.5
15.8




19.0
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2007








21.5
18.8
18.5
18.2




18.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2008








21.4
19.7
20.1
17.6




20.2
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2009








20.6
20.0
19.9
18.4




19.5
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2010








21.0
20.3
19.7





19.8
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2011








21.1
20.1
19.7





19.9
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2012








21.1
20.5
19.5





19.7
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2013








25.7
21.6
20.0
19.8




20.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2014








25.6
22.6
21.5
20.9




21.5
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2015








25.7
23.6
21.8
26.2




22.6
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2016








25.6
23.9
22.0
25.5




22.6
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2017









24.7
22.0
23.5




22.4
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2018









25.0
22.7
24.8




23.2
FCA
Truck
All
1975




16.8

18.8
13.9
11.9
11.9
10.7





13.2
FCA
Truck
All
1976




17.8
15.4
19.7
14.9
13.4
12.2
11.3





14.3
FCA
Truck
All
1977




18.6
16.8
19.8
15.4
13.6
12.4
11.9





14.5
FCA
Truck
All
1978




18.1
16.8
19.1
15.0
13.2
12.9
12.0





14.4
FCA
Truck
All
1979




23.9
17.2
15.6
16.3
13.0
11.8
10.6





14.7
FCA
Truck
All
1980




24.7
19.7
17.1
17.8
13.6
12.7
11.2





18.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-34	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
Truck
All
1981




25.1
21.8
19.8
18.0
15.1
13.4
11.1





18.8
FCA
Truck
All
1982



29.6
27.8
22.0
21.6
18.5
15.2
13.6






19.4
FCA
Truck
All
1983



33.7
29.0
23.2
24.7
18.8
15.2
13.6






20.6
FCA
Truck
All
1984



30.0
28.4
23.6
22.6
17.2
14.2
12.3
11.2





19.4
FCA
Truck
All
1985




28.6
25.9
23.1
17.2
14.8
13.7
12.0





19.4
FCA
Truck
All
1986




28.7
25.8
22.9
17.9
15.5
13.9
12.2





20.7
FCA
Truck
All
1987




29.8
26.7
23.1
19.5
15.8
14.0
12.0





21.3
FCA
Truck
All
1988




29.6
26.5
22.3
21.8
16.2
14.5
12.9





21.4
FCA
Truck
All
1989




29.6
25.4
22.0
21.9
15.7
14.0
12.2





21.0
FCA
Truck
All
1990





23.0
22.9
22.3
16.2
14.7
12.4





21.4
FCA
Truck
All
1991





25.5
21.4
22.4
16.8
14.9
12.4





21.1
FCA
Truck
All
1992





24.2
21.4
22.3
17.2
15.2
14.6





21.4
FCA
Truck
All
1993





23.4
23.0
22.1
17.6
15.8
14.7





21.9
FCA
Truck
All
1994





22.7
22.1
21.1
18.0
16.0
15.3





20.5
FCA
Truck
All
1995





22.6
22.9
20.3
17.3
15.8
15.1





20.1
FCA
Truck
All
1996





27.7
20.4
21.8
19.5
16.6
15.1





20.2
FCA
Truck
All
1997






21.2
21.7
19.6
17.1
16.0
14.4




20.2
FCA
Truck
All
1998






20.9
21.9
19.9
16.8
16.3
15.5




20.0
FCA
Truck
All
1999






22.0
22.0
19.3
16.9
16.3
16.2




19.8
FCA
Truck
All
2000






20.4
22.5
19.6
17.1
16.1
15.8




20.3
FCA
Truck
All
2001






21.0
21.1
21.3
17.1
15.5
15.8




19.4
FCA
Truck
All
2002






21.9
21.8
21.1
18.0
16.5
15.3




20.0
FCA
Truck
All
2003






22.1
23.0
22.1
18.9
17.1
16.1




20.8
FCA
Truck
All
2004






22.2
21.5
21.6
18.0
17.0
16.0




19.7
FCA
Truck
All
2005






20.0
23.5
22.6
18.4
17.0
13.0




20.9
FCA
Truck
All
2006






23.8
22.0
23.0
19.4
18.4
15.8




21.0
FCA
Truck
All
2007






29.1
22.8
22.4
19.2
18.6
18.2




21.5
FCA
Truck
All
2008






30.0
22.5
22.9
20.8
19.8
17.6




22.4
FCA
Truck
All
2009






28.9
22.3
23.0
22.0
19.8
18.5




22.4
FCA
Truck
All
2010






29.8
22.1
23.2
23.1
19.7





22.9
FCA
Truck
All
2011






30.8
22.6
23.8
23.4
19.8





23.2
FCA
Truck
All
2012






29.8
24.3
24.4
23.0
19.5





23.1
FCA
Truck
All
2013






30.0
25.2
24.3
24.2
19.9
19.8




23.4
FCA
Truck
All
2014






30.2
27.3
25.0
24.8
21.6
20.9




24.5
FCA
Truck
All
2015






30.9
27.8
24.8
25.2
21.8
26.2




25.2
FCA
Truck
All
2016






30.8
28.4
24.6
26.7
22.0
25.5




25.6
FCA
Truck
All
2017






31.3
27.9
25.5
27.0
21.9
23.5




25.7
FCA
Truck
All
2018






32.8
29.3
26.7
28.1
22.7
21.9




27.2
FCA
All
All
1975


26.6
23.4
19.6
20.8
19.5
15.2
12.6
13.7
12.2





15.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-35	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
All
All
1976


24.6
26.1
21.2
20.6
19.5
17.1
13.9
13.6
12.1





16.3
FCA
All
All
1977


29.6
28.4
20.2
20.0
20.4
17.0
14.2
13.2
12.1





16.2
FCA
All
All
1978


28.1
28.2
20.8
22.0
19.9
16.8
14.3
13.4
11.4





17.6
FCA
All
All
1979

37.6
32.6
28.0
24.0
19.6
19.5
17.5
14.3
11.8
10.6





18.8
FCA
All
All
1980

38.8
31.3
27.5
24.7
21.9
19.9
17.5
13.6
12.7
11.2





21.5
FCA
All
All
1981

41.7
34.0
29.6
26.6
22.7
20.9
18.3
15.1
13.4
11.1





24.5
FCA
All
All
1982

41.7
36.2
31.1
28.7
24.7
22.0
19.2
15.2
13.3






24.5
FCA
All
All
1983

42.7
36.0
33.2
30.1
24.4
23.1
19.1
15.2
13.5






25.8
FCA
All
All
1984

44.8
36.2
31.2
28.8
25.5
22.6
18.2
14.2
12.3
11.2





24.6
FCA
All
All
1985


37.5
31.4
29.6
26.2
23.1
19.2
14.8
13.6
12.0





24.6
FCA
All
All
1986


39.3
31.7
29.6
26.9
22.9
19.8
15.5
13.9
12.2





24.8
FCA
All
All
1987


38.8
30.2
29.3
26.6
23.1
20.4
15.8
14.0
12.0





24.6
FCA
All
All
1988


39.7
32.7
30.2
27.6
22.8
21.7
16.2
14.5
12.9





24.7
FCA
All
All
1989



36.5
30.6
28.0
22.9
21.9
15.7
14.0
12.2





24.1
FCA
All
All
1990



35.3
31.6
28.1
23.9
22.5
16.2
14.7
12.4





23.9
FCA
All
All
1991



37.0
32.0
28.5
23.4
22.5
16.8
14.9
12.4





24.1
FCA
All
All
1992



36.8
32.6
28.2
23.2
22.3
17.2
15.2
14.6





23.7
FCA
All
All
1993


42.5
37.0
32.3
28.4
23.9
21.0
17.6
15.8
14.7





23.5
FCA
All
All
1994


41.8
35.8
31.9
27.6
23.1
21.5
18.0
16.0
15.3





22.2
FCA
All
All
1995


41.8
37.4
31.9
25.6
24.2
20.8
17.3
15.8
15.1





22.9
FCA
All
All
1996


41.7
33.9
31.1
29.7
23.6
22.0
19.5
16.6
15.1





22.2
FCA
All
All
1997




31.2
29.8
24.1
21.9
19.5
17.1
16.0
14.4




22.2
FCA
All
All
1998




31.8
31.6
24.8
21.8
19.9
16.8
16.3
15.5




21.9
FCA
All
All
1999




31.1
27.9
26.4
22.3
19.3
16.9
16.3
16.2




21.5
FCA
All
All
2000




32.5
30.6
24.8
22.7
19.6
17.1
16.1
15.8




22.3
FCA
All
All
2001




34.6
31.9
26.3
21.5
21.3
17.1
15.5
15.8




21.6
FCA
All
All
2002




36.1
31.5
26.3
22.1
21.1
18.0
16.5
15.3




21.8
FCA
All
All
2003




37.1
32.9
26.7
23.0
22.1
18.9
17.1
16.1




22.3
FCA
All
All
2004




37.1
32.5
27.9
21.8
21.7
18.8
17.0
16.0




22.0
FCA
All
All
2005




33.3
32.1
27.2
23.8
22.6
19.0
17.0
13.0




22.6
FCA
All
All
2006






27.8
23.6
22.8
19.6
18.4
15.8




22.5
FCA
All
All
2007






30.1
23.5
22.3
19.3
18.6
18.2




23.2
FCA
All
All
2008






30.5
25.0
22.8
20.8
19.8
17.6




24.1
FCA
All
All
2009





35.3
30.3
25.5
22.9
22.0
19.8
18.5




23.9
FCA
All
All
2010





33.6
31.1
25.1
23.2
23.1
19.7





24.3
FCA
All
All
2011





35.7
31.2
25.6
23.7
23.4
19.8





24.2
FCA
All
All
2012



44.8
39.9
35.7
31.0
27.0
24.3
23.0
19.5





25.0
FCA
All
All
2013



46.2
40.3
165.0
32.9
27.7
24.2
24.2
19.9
19.8




26.1
FCA
All
All
2014



46.6
40.2
165.0
31.9
28.4
24.9
24.8
21.6
20.9




25.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-36	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
FCA
All
All
2015



46.6
39.9
82.7
33.8
29.1
24.7
25.2
21.8
26.2




27.3
FCA
All
All
2016



46.6
39.2
101.1
32.4
29.5
24.6
26.7
22.0
25.5




27.0
FCA
All
All
2017



46.6
39.5
106.5
31.7
29.1
25.4
27.0
21.9
23.5




26.5
FCA
All
All
2018




38.2
97.8
33.0
29.8
26.2
28.1
22.7
21.9




27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975


32.1
27.4
25.5
19.5










25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976


32.6
29.6
26.2
20.7










26.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


33.3
28.3
26.1
20.3










27.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


31.5
27.4
26.1
20.1










26.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


30.6
26.7
25.1
21.1










26.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980


33.1
32.6
31.3
23.1










31.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981


34.0
31.2
30.8
23.8
30.5









30.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

41.3
34.9
33.7

25.0
28.7









30.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

46.0
37.4
32.1

26.0
25.5









32.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

45.1
38.3
32.2
32.1
26.5
23.6









31.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


36.5
31.4
29.2
27.7
22.8









29.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


37.4
32.9
29.2
27.6
24.1









30.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987


38.8
34.2
30.3
27.5
24.2









29.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988


38.3
34.5
31.1
27.8
23.8









30.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989


36.0
34.7
32.2
27.3
25.2









30.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990



35.0
32.0
27.6
24.9
22.2








28.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991



35.6
35.0
28.1
25.0
22.3
18.9







29.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992



35.7
35.4
28.3
25.0
23.0
18.9







29.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993


42.8
37.0
34.2
28.9
25.3
23.4
19.4







29.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994



36.4
34.7
28.9
25.5
23.3
19.8







29.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995


41.8
35.8
36.1
28.6
27.2
23.4
21.7







29.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996


40.0
37.5
36.4
28.6
27.4
23.1
23.0







30.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997



38.8
35.9
28.6
27.4
23.5








29.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998



38.0
35.8
29.4
28.5
23.4
23.0







30.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999



37.1
35.7
29.8
28.2
23.3








29.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000



37.9
33.7
30.5
27.1
23.4








28.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001



37.1
33.8
30.6
26.9
23.1








28.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002



36.8
34.9
32.5
27.5
23.6








28.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




35.2
33.0
27.2
23.4








28.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




36.1
34.2
27.2
25.9








28.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




36.1
34.3
29.5
25.5








29.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




36.0
34.6
29.4
25.0
23.1







29.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007





36.8
32.5
25.8








31.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008





36.7
32.9
25.8
20.7







31.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




38.1
37.1
33.2
27.5
25.0







32.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-37	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




38.0
37.4
34.5
27.5
25.3







33.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




37.9
37.9
35.6
28.0
25.7







34.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012



40.5
45.7
38.4
35.4
28.0
26.6







35.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013



41.4
48.5
44.2
42.1
27.7
26.1







39.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014


54.0
41.4
48.1
44.3
41.6
28.5
31.8







40.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015


54.4

46.5
44.0
43.3
30.0
29.3







41.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




46.5
43.7
42.6
31.1
27.8







40.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017


55.7
52.2
47.1
43.6
41.6
30.8
27.4







39.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018


55.3
52.4
46.7
44.2
42.6
32.3
27.8







40.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1992

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1993

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1994

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1995

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1996

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1997







24.1








24.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1998






27.3
24.0








24.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
1999






26.9
22.9








22.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2000







20.9








20.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2001







20.9








20.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2002







21.4








21.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2003






26.5
22.9








23.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2004






27.5
23.1
22.6







23.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-38	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2005






27.4
25.0
21.7







23.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2006






27.4
25.1
21.5







23.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2007







25.6
22.0







24.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2008






31.9
25.2
22.2







26.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2009






31.7
26.2
23.0







27.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2010






31.9
26.0
23.3







28.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2011






33.2
26.2
23.7







30.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2012






33.3
26.6
23.8







30.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2013






33.4
26.6
24.4







31.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2014






35.6
26.6
24.0







32.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2015






36.4

24.3







35.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2016






37.7

25.3







37.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2017






38.5
47.9
25.3







38.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
Car SUV
2018






38.2
40.4








38.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1975


32.1
27.4
25.5
19.5










25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1976


32.6
29.6
26.2
20.7










26.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1977


33.3
28.3
26.1
20.3










27.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1978


31.5
27.4
26.1
20.1










26.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1979


30.6
26.7
25.1
21.1










26.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1980


33.1
32.6
31.3
23.1










31.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1981


34.0
31.2
30.8
23.8
30.5









30.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1982

41.3
34.9
33.7

25.0
28.7









30.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1983

46.0
37.4
32.1

26.0
25.5









32.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1984

45.1
38.3
32.2
32.1
26.5
23.6









31.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1985


36.5
31.4
29.2
27.7
22.8









29.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1986


37.4
32.9
29.2
27.6
24.1









30.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1987


38.8
34.2
30.3
27.5
24.2









29.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1988


38.3
34.5
31.1
27.8
23.8









30.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1989


36.0
34.7
32.2
27.3
25.2









30.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1990



35.0
32.0
27.6
24.9
22.2








28.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1991



35.6
35.0
28.1
25.0
22.3
18.9







29.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1992



35.7
35.4
28.3
25.0
23.0
18.9







29.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1993


42.8
37.0
34.2
28.9
25.3
23.4
19.4







29.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1994



36.4
34.7
28.9
25.5
23.3
19.8







29.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1995


41.8
35.8
36.1
28.6
27.2
23.4
21.7







29.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1996


40.0
37.5
36.4
28.6
27.4
23.1
23.0







30.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1997



38.8
35.9
28.6
27.4
23.7








29.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1998



38.0
35.8
29.4
28.4
23.6
23.0







30.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
1999



37.1
35.7
29.8
28.2
23.1








29.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-39	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2000



37.9
33.7
30.5
27.1
21.2








27.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2001



37.1
33.8
30.6
26.9
21.3








27.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2002



36.8
34.9
32.5
27.5
21.9








27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2003




35.2
33.0
27.2
23.0








27.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2004




36.1
34.2
27.2
24.7
22.6







27.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2005




36.1
34.3
29.5
25.4
21.7







28.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2006




36.0
34.6
29.3
25.0
21.5







28.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2007





36.8
32.5
25.7
22.0







30.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2008





36.7
32.8
25.8
22.1







31.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2009




38.1
37.1
33.0
27.1
23.9







32.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2010




38.0
37.4
34.1
27.3
23.9







32.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2011




37.9
37.9
35.0
27.7
24.9







33.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2012



40.5
45.7
38.4
35.1
27.8
25.2







34.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2013



41.4
48.5
44.2
40.2
27.6
25.2







38.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2014


54.0
41.4
48.1
44.3
40.1
28.2
27.9







39.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2015


54.4

46.5
44.0
41.3
30.0
25.7







40.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2016




46.5
43.7
40.9
31.1
27.1







40.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2017


55.7
52.2
47.1
43.6
40.6
30.9
26.2







39.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Car
All
2018


55.3
52.4
46.7
44.2
41.2
33.2
27.8







40.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1975

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1976

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1977

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1978

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1979

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1980

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1981

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1982

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1983

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1984




31.0











31.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1985




29.3
27.0










27.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1986





27.1










27.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1987





24.1
22.4









22.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1988





24.6
22.4
21.8








22.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1989





24.8
22.3
21.8








23.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1990





26.4
24.9
21.3








25.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1991





26.5
25.6









26.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1992





29.1
25.7









27.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1993





29.1
24.9
21.8








22.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1994





31.2
26.1
22.7








23.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-40	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1995







23.0








23.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1996






26.1
22.9








23.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1997







22.6








22.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1998







22.7








22.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
1999







23.1








23.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2000







22.8








22.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2001







22.6








22.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2002







22.6








22.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2003

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2004








24.6







24.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2005








24.7







24.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2006








24.9







24.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2007








24.5







24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2008








24.5







24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2009








24.5







24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2010

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2011








27.1







27.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2012








27.4







27.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2013






33.6

27.8







29.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2014






33.6

27.9







30.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2015






34.9

29.6







33.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2016






34.9

29.7







32.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2017






34.9

29.7







34.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Van
2018






34.8









34.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1983






21.2









21.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1984






21.4









21.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1985






21.9









21.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1986






22.0









22.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1987






21.0
18.7








19.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1988






20.4
18.5








18.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1989






20.9
19.0








19.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-41	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1990







19.6








19.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1991







19.6








19.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1992







19.6
19.3







19.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1993







20.3
19.0







19.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1994







19.0
18.5







18.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1995







19.4
18.7







19.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1996







19.8
19.2







19.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1997







21.0
19.5







19.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1998







20.9
19.5







19.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
1999







20.2
19.8







19.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2000







20.0
19.8







19.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2001







20.2
20.1







20.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2002







20.2
19.6
19.0






19.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






25.3
24.1
20.3
19.2






21.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






26.2
24.4
21.0
18.5
18.0
17.4




20.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






27.1
25.6
21.2
20.5
18.1
17.4




20.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






27.1
25.6
22.4
20.6
18.0
17.4




21.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







25.4
22.9
21.3

17.8




22.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






30.8
28.5
21.7
21.0

18.1
17.4



22.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2009






30.7
27.9
24.6
21.4

18.3




25.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






30.5
29.2
23.9
21.5

18.3




24.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






32.1
30.7
23.5
21.6

19.2




25.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






31.7
30.5
24.0
21.6

19.3




25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






31.9
30.7
27.1
20.9

19.2




27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






33.2
34.9
27.5
36.2

19.5




28.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






32.8
36.4
29.2
29.0

19.6
19.4



30.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






35.5
36.6
29.7
28.9

20.8
20.0



33.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






35.0
36.5
28.9
28.3

20.7
19.7



30.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






35.4
37.0
29.3
28.6

20.8
19.7



31.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1975




23.6











23.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1976




24.5











24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1977




25.0











25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1978




25.9

20.6









25.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1979




23.7

15.5









23.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1980




26.6
23.1
16.3









25.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1981




29.0
27.2
22.1
17.7








27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1982




28.3
27.9
23.9
17.4








27.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1983




30.1
28.1
24.3
17.5








27.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1984




29.0
28.4
23.1
17.6








26.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-42	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1985




28.8
26.9
23.0
17.5








25.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1986




28.9
26.3
22.8
20.8








25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1987




29.8
26.9
22.4
19.1








25.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1988




29.6
26.7
23.1
19.8








25.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1989




29.6
27.0
22.5
19.8








25.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1990





27.9
24.1
21.2








26.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1991





27.7
24.7
21.6








26.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1992





27.7
24.9
21.3








26.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1993





28.1
25.1
21.1








26.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1994





27.8
25.3
21.2








25.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1995





27.3
25.5
20.4
19.0







24.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1996





27.3
24.8
21.2








25.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1997





26.6
25.1
21.2








24.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1998





28.8
26.6
22.4








25.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
1999






25.9
20.4
19.6







23.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2000






26.1
19.7
19.4







21.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2001






26.3
20.2
19.6







22.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2002






26.1
20.3
19.6







22.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2003






26.2
21.2
20.2







22.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2004






26.5
21.5
20.6







23.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2005







25.6
20.7
18.5
17.9





19.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2006







25.4
20.7
18.6
17.9





19.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2007







25.2
21.1
18.6
17.7





20.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2008







25.3
21.2
19.7
18.3
17.4




19.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2009







25.4
21.4
20.6
18.5
17.7




20.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2010







24.8
21.3
21.0
18.8
17.8




20.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2011







25.1
21.4
20.5
18.6
17.8




20.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2012







25.5
21.4
20.2
18.8
17.8




20.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2013







25.4
23.1
21.2
18.9
17.7




22.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2014







25.2
23.1
21.2
18.9
17.6




22.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2015







25.2
23.2
21.7
19.0
17.7




22.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2016







25.2
23.2
21.9






23.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2017







24.9
23.1
21.4
22.9
22.7




23.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
Pickup
2018







25.4
23.1
21.4
23.0
22.7




22.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1975




23.6











23.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1976




24.5











24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1977




25.0











25.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1978




25.9

20.6









25.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1979




23.7

15.5









23.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-43	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1980




26.6
23.1
16.3









25.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1981




29.0
27.2
22.1
17.7








27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1982




28.3
27.9
23.9
17.4








27.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1983




30.1
28.1
24.1
17.5








27.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1984




29.0
28.4
23.0
17.6








26.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1985




28.8
26.9
22.9
17.5








25.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1986




28.9
26.3
22.7
20.8








24.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1987




29.8
26.9
22.1
18.8








23.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1988




29.6
26.7
22.3
19.0








23.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1989




29.6
26.9
22.4
19.3








23.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1990





27.9
24.5
19.9








24.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1991





27.7
24.7
20.0








24.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1992





27.9
25.2
19.9
19.3







24.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1993





28.2
25.1
21.1
19.0







23.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1994





27.8
25.5
21.5
18.5







22.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1995





27.3
25.5
20.9
18.7







22.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1996





27.3
24.8
21.2
19.2







22.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1997





26.6
25.1
21.8
19.5







22.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1998





28.8
26.6
22.0
19.5







22.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
1999






25.9
21.6
19.8







21.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2000






26.1
20.9
19.7







21.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2001






26.3
20.8
20.0







20.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2002






26.1
20.9
19.6
19.0






20.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2003






25.8
22.8
20.3
19.2






21.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2004






26.4
23.2
22.0
18.5
18.0
17.4




21.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2005






27.1
25.6
21.7
19.8
18.0
17.4




20.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2006






27.1
25.5
22.1
19.8
17.9
17.4




20.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2007







25.4
22.6
20.4
17.7
17.8




21.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2008






30.8
28.1
22.0
21.0
18.3
17.8
17.4



21.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2009






30.7
27.6
23.9
21.4
18.5
18.1




24.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2010






30.5
28.3
23.0
21.3
18.8
18.2




22.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2011






32.1
30.3
23.2
21.3
18.6
18.9




24.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2012






31.7
30.0
23.3
21.3
18.8
18.9




23.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2013






32.1
29.7
26.3
21.2
18.9
18.9




26.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2014






33.3
32.9
26.6
25.7
18.9
19.1




27.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2015






33.5
34.9
27.7
25.7
19.0
19.3
19.4



29.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2016






35.4
35.3
26.1
24.1

20.8
20.0



30.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2017






35.0
35.2
27.2
25.1
22.9
21.9
19.7



28.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
Truck
All
2018






35.2
35.9
25.5
22.9
23.0
22.2
19.7



27.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-44	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1975


32.1
27.4
24.1
19.5










24.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1976


32.6
29.6
25.2
20.7










26.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1977


33.3
28.3
25.5
20.3










26.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1978


31.5
27.4
26.0
20.1
20.6









26.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1979


30.6
26.7
24.1
21.1
15.5









26.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1980


33.1
32.6
28.9
23.1
16.3









29.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1981


34.0
31.2
30.1
24.7
25.2
17.7








30.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1982

41.3
34.9
33.7
28.3
25.6
27.1
17.4








30.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1983

46.0
37.4
32.1
30.1
26.6
24.7
17.5








31.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1984

45.1
38.3
32.2
31.6
27.3
23.3
17.6








30.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1985


36.5
31.4
29.0
27.1
22.8
17.5








28.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1986


37.4
32.9
29.1
26.7
23.6
20.8








27.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1987


38.8
34.2
30.2
27.2
23.7
18.8








27.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1988


38.3
34.5
30.5
27.1
23.3
19.0








28.1
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1989


36.0
34.7
31.5
27.1
24.5
19.3








28.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1990



35.0
32.0
27.7
24.8
20.4








27.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1991



35.6
35.0
28.0
25.0
20.6
18.9







27.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1992



35.7
35.4
28.2
25.1
21.2
19.2







27.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1993


42.8
37.0
34.2
28.6
25.3
22.0
19.0







27.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1994



36.4
34.7
28.6
25.5
22.1
18.6







27.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1995


41.8
35.8
36.1
28.3
26.9
21.4
18.7







26.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1996


40.0
37.5
36.4
28.4
27.0
21.3
19.3







27.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1997



38.8
35.9
28.1
27.0
22.2
19.5







27.0
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1998



38.0
35.8
29.3
28.1
22.4
19.5







27.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
1999



37.1
35.7
29.8
28.1
22.1
19.8







26.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2000



37.9
33.7
30.5
27.0
21.0
19.7







24.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2001



37.1
33.8
30.6
26.8
21.0
20.0







24.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2002



36.8
34.9
32.5
27.4
21.5
19.6
19.0






25.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2003




35.2
33.0
27.1
22.9
20.3
19.2






25.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2004




36.1
34.2
27.1
24.4
22.1
18.5
18.0
17.4




24.5
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2005




36.1
34.3
29.5
25.5
21.7
19.8
18.0
17.4




25.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2006




36.0
34.6
29.3
25.1
22.0
19.8
17.9
17.4




25.3
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2007





36.8
32.5
25.7
22.5
20.4
17.7
17.8




26.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2008





36.7
32.7
26.3
22.0
21.0
18.3
17.8
17.4



27.6
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2009




38.1
37.1
32.9
27.3
23.9
21.4
18.5
18.1




29.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2010




38.0
37.4
33.7
27.5
23.1
21.3
18.8
18.2




29.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2011




37.9
37.9
34.6
28.5
23.5
21.3
18.6
18.9




29.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2012



40.5
45.7
38.4
34.8
28.4
23.5
21.3
18.8
18.9




30.9
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2013



41.4
48.5
44.2
39.1
28.3
26.3
21.2
18.9
18.9




34.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-45	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2014


54.0
41.4
48.1
44.3
39.1
29.7
26.6
25.7
18.9
19.1




34.8
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2015


54.4

46.5
44.0
40.1
32.3
27.6
25.7
19.0
19.3
19.4



36.7
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2016




46.5
43.7
40.4
33.6
26.2
24.1

20.8
20.0



36.4
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2017


55.7
52.2
47.1
43.6
40.0
33.0
27.1
25.1
22.9
21.9
19.7



35.2
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2018


55.3
52.4
46.7
44.2
40.5
34.3
25.5
22.9
23.0
22.2
19.7



34.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975

31.4














31.4
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976

32.9
29.5













32.6
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977

36.4
33.9













35.5
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978

33.5
33.9













33.7
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

30.9
29.9
27.9












29.0
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

33.6
32.5
27.1












29.2
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

36.1
33.6
28.5












30.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

40.5
36.1
30.8












33.4
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

44.7
36.6
33.6












35.3
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

44.0
36.0
33.5












35.2
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985

44.4
36.4
32.1
30.4











33.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986

47.6
37.9
32.2
31.8

24.7









33.6
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987

52.0
38.1
33.1
31.8

24.3









32.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988

60.4
39.8
35.9
31.9
29.7
23.6









31.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989

60.3
39.6
34.9
32.6
29.2
23.4









31.3
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990


44.4
37.3
31.7
28.9
23.4









30.4
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991


44.7
37.3
32.9
28.8
24.7









30.3
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992


52.8
41.4
36.9
29.8
26.2
24.2








30.9
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993


52.3
41.5
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0








32.2
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994


50.5
42.9
35.9
30.5
29.9
24.0








32.1
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995


55.6
41.4
36.6
30.6
28.9
24.0








32.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996



41.3
37.0
30.8
28.2
24.3








31.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997



41.8
36.9
30.7
28.0
24.3








32.1
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998



41.3
37.2
32.0
29.1
24.3








32.0
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999



40.9
36.2
32.1
28.6
23.5








30.9
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000

76.4

40.7
36.0
29.9
28.5
23.2








31.0
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001

75.6
66.4

39.3
29.0
28.7
26.0








32.2
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002

75.3
66.4

39.3
31.4
28.9
25.5








32.0
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003

75.1
66.4

38.9
38.6
30.1
26.5








32.7
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004

73.8
66.4

38.7
38.7
30.5
26.8








32.7
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005

74.3
66.4

38.6
38.7
31.0
26.4








32.8
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006

73.8
66.4

39.2
39.4
30.8
26.9








33.5
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




39.8
39.2
30.9
27.2








33.9
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




39.9
39.6
31.8
28.3








34.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-46	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




40.1
39.8
32.0
28.4
23.8







34.6
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




40.2
41.7
32.5
28.3
23.8







35.6
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




40.9
41.2
34.7
29.9
25.7







36.5
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012




41.2
43.1
34.7
30.3
25.7







38.1
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013




41.4
42.6
39.4
32.1








40.1
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014





43.9
39.6
35.1
40.4







40.6
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




47.4
43.8
40.0
36.6








41.7
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




48.7
47.1
40.1
33.6
40.9







43.0
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017




48.0
46.4
40.1
39.7
80.3







42.9
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




46.4
46.1
42.5
42.6
53.0







44.0
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1992

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1993

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1994







20.4








20.4
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1995

















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1996







19.9








19.9
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1997







19.4








19.4
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1998






27.4
21.1








25.1
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1999






27.5
21.1








25.1
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2000






27.5
21.2








25.5
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2001






27.5
21.7








26.1
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2002






29.7
21.7








28.8
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2003






29.7









29.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-47	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2004






29.4









29.4
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2005






29.7









29.7
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2006






29.7









29.7
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2007






29.9









29.9
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2008






29.7









29.7
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2009






29.7









29.7
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2010






31.2
27.5








31.0
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2011






31.2
27.5








30.9
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2012






34.1
28.1








32.3
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2013






34.1
30.8
28.7







33.0
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2014






34.2
30.4
28.7







33.4
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2015






39.4
32.4
28.7







37.1
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2016





41.5
38.8
32.9








38.5
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2017






40.6
30.1








38.2
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2018






40.4
30.1








38.7
Honda
Car
All
1975

31.4














31.4
Honda
Car
All
1976

32.9
29.5













32.6
Honda
Car
All
1977

36.4
33.9













35.5
Honda
Car
All
1978

33.5
33.9













33.7
Honda
Car
All
1979

30.9
29.9
27.9












29.0
Honda
Car
All
1980

33.6
32.5
27.1












29.2
Honda
Car
All
1981

36.1
33.6
28.5












30.8
Honda
Car
All
1982

40.5
36.1
30.8












33.4
Honda
Car
All
1983

44.7
36.6
33.6












35.3
Honda
Car
All
1984

44.0
36.0
33.5












35.2
Honda
Car
All
1985

44.4
36.4
32.1
30.4











33.8
Honda
Car
All
1986

47.6
37.9
32.2
31.8

24.7









33.6
Honda
Car
All
1987

52.0
38.1
33.1
31.8

24.3









32.8
Honda
Car
All
1988

60.4
39.8
35.9
31.9
29.7
23.6









31.8
Honda
Car
All
1989

60.3
39.6
34.9
32.6
29.2
23.4









31.3
Honda
Car
All
1990


44.4
37.3
31.7
28.9
23.4









30.4
Honda
Car
All
1991


44.7
37.3
32.9
28.8
24.7









30.3
Honda
Car
All
1992


52.8
41.4
36.9
29.8
26.2
24.2








30.9
Honda
Car
All
1993


52.3
41.5
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0








32.2
Honda
Car
All
1994


50.5
42.9
35.9
30.5
29.9
23.2








31.9
Honda
Car
All
1995


55.6
41.4
36.6
30.6
28.9
24.0








32.8
Honda
Car
All
1996



41.3
37.0
30.8
28.2
23.1








31.6
Honda
Car
All
1997



41.8
36.9
30.7
28.0
23.2








32.0
Honda
Car
All
1998



41.3
37.2
32.0
29.0
23.4








31.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-48	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Car
All
1999



40.9
36.2
32.1
28.5
22.3








30.6
Honda
Car
All
2000

76.4

40.7
36.0
29.9
28.5
22.4








30.8
Honda
Car
All
2001

75.6
66.4

39.3
29.0
28.6
24.9








31.9
Honda
Car
All
2002

75.3
66.4

39.3
31.4
29.0
25.3








31.8
Honda
Car
All
2003

75.1
66.4

38.9
38.6
30.0
26.5








32.6
Honda
Car
All
2004

73.8
66.4

38.7
38.7
30.4
26.8








32.6
Honda
Car
All
2005

74.3
66.4

38.6
38.7
30.9
26.4








32.7
Honda
Car
All
2006

73.8
66.4

39.2
39.4
30.7
26.9








33.3
Honda
Car
All
2007




39.8
39.2
30.7
27.2








33.5
Honda
Car
All
2008




39.9
39.6
31.3
28.3








33.8
Honda
Car
All
2009




40.1
39.8
31.5
28.4
23.8







34.2
Honda
Car
All
2010




40.2
41.7
32.3
28.3
23.8







35.1
Honda
Car
All
2011




40.9
41.2
33.6
29.7
25.7







35.4
Honda
Car
All
2012




41.2
43.1
34.6
29.8
25.7







37.4
Honda
Car
All
2013




41.4
42.6
38.1
31.7
28.7







39.0
Honda
Car
All
2014





43.9
37.8
34.0
29.2







39.0
Honda
Car
All
2015




47.4
43.8
39.8
35.5
28.7







41.0
Honda
Car
All
2016




48.7
46.3
39.6
33.4
40.9







41.7
Honda
Car
All
2017




48.0
46.4
40.2
37.2
80.3







42.3
Honda
Car
All
2018




46.4
46.1
42.0
39.7
53.0







43.3
Honda
Truck
Van
1975

















Honda
Truck
Van
1976

















Honda
Truck
Van
1977

















Honda
Truck
Van
1978

















Honda
Truck
Van
1979

















Honda
Truck
Van
1980

















Honda
Truck
Van
1981

















Honda
Truck
Van
1982

















Honda
Truck
Van
1983

















Honda
Truck
Van
1984

















Honda
Truck
Van
1985

















Honda
Truck
Van
1986

















Honda
Truck
Van
1987

















Honda
Truck
Van
1988

















Honda
Truck
Van
1989

















Honda
Truck
Van
1990

















Honda
Truck
Van
1991

















Honda
Truck
Van
1992

















Honda
Truck
Van
1993

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-49	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Truck
Van
1994

















Honda
Truck
Van
1995






25.5









25.5
Honda
Truck
Van
1996






28.5









28.5
Honda
Truck
Van
1997






24.9









24.9
Honda
Truck
Van
1998






27.0









27.0
Honda
Truck
Van
1999








24.1







24.1
Honda
Truck
Van
2000








23.9







23.9
Honda
Truck
Van
2001








24.0







24.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2002








24.2







24.2
Honda
Truck
Van
2003








24.2







24.2
Honda
Truck
Van
2004








24.2







24.2
Honda
Truck
Van
2005








26.0







26.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2006








26.1







26.1
Honda
Truck
Van
2007








24.7







24.7
Honda
Truck
Van
2008








25.2







25.2
Honda
Truck
Van
2009








23.9
25.9






25.2
Honda
Truck
Van
2010








23.9
25.4






24.9
Honda
Truck
Van
2011








27.8







27.8
Honda
Truck
Van
2012








27.8







27.8
Honda
Truck
Van
2013








27.7







27.7
Honda
Truck
Van
2014








29.0







29.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2015








29.0







29.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2016








29.0







29.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2017








29.0







29.0
Honda
Truck
Van
2018








28.8
29.3






28.9
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-50	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994







20.1








20.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996








19.0







19.0
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997






26.9

19.2







25.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998






26.8
21.1
19.4







25.5
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999






27.1
21.1
19.4







25.9
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000






27.1

20.5







26.2
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






27.1

22.2







25.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






27.9
21.4
22.4







25.8
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






27.6
26.5
22.5







24.7
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






27.5
26.4
22.3







24.4
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






28.1
26.4
21.8







24.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






28.1
26.4
22.4







24.5
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






26.4
27.7
22.4







25.0
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






26.4
28.0
22.3







25.3
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







28.4
23.4







25.7
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







29.2
24.0
23.0






27.0
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011







29.8
24.0
23.0






26.3
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






33.3
32.1
26.2
23.6






28.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






33.4
31.8
26.2
24.0






29.1
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






33.4
31.6
26.9
25.4






30.4
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






38.6
35.8
26.6
25.4






32.4
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






38.1
34.5
28.4







31.9
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






39.3
32.2
28.8







32.6
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






39.1
33.3
28.7







33.9
Honda
Truck
Pickup
1975

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1976

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1977

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1978

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1979

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1980

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1981

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1982

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1983

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-51	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Truck
Pickup
1984

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1985

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1986

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1987

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1988

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1989

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1990

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1991

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1992

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1993

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1994

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1995

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1996

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1997

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1998

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1999

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2000

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2001

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2002

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2003

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2004

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2005

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2006








21.4







21.4
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2007








21.4







21.4
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2008








21.4







21.4
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2009








22.0







22.0
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2010








22.0







22.0
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2011








22.0







22.0
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2012









22.6






22.6
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2013









22.6






22.6
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2014









22.6






22.6
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2015

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2016

















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2017








27.4







27.4
Honda
Truck
Pickup
2018








27.4







27.4
Honda
Truck
All
1975

















Honda
Truck
All
1976

















Honda
Truck
All
1977

















Honda
Truck
All
1978

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-52	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Truck
All
1979

















Honda
Truck
All
1980

















Honda
Truck
All
1981

















Honda
Truck
All
1982

















Honda
Truck
All
1983

















Honda
Truck
All
1984

















Honda
Truck
All
1985

















Honda
Truck
All
1986

















Honda
Truck
All
1987

















Honda
Truck
All
1988

















Honda
Truck
All
1989

















Honda
Truck
All
1990

















Honda
Truck
All
1991

















Honda
Truck
All
1992

















Honda
Truck
All
1993

















Honda
Truck
All
1994







20.1








20.1
Honda
Truck
All
1995






25.5









25.5
Honda
Truck
All
1996






28.5

19.0







22.7
Honda
Truck
All
1997






26.4

19.2







25.1
Honda
Truck
All
1998






26.9
21.1
19.4







25.7
Honda
Truck
All
1999






27.1
21.1
24.0







25.3
Honda
Truck
All
2000






27.1

23.6







24.9
Honda
Truck
All
2001






27.1

23.5







24.6
Honda
Truck
All
2002






27.9
21.4
23.7







25.0
Honda
Truck
All
2003






27.6
26.5
23.3







24.6
Honda
Truck
All
2004






27.5
26.4
23.0







24.3
Honda
Truck
All
2005






28.1
26.4
23.5







24.7
Honda
Truck
All
2006






28.1
26.4
23.6







24.5
Honda
Truck
All
2007






26.4
27.7
23.3







24.5
Honda
Truck
All
2008






26.4
28.0
23.3







24.9
Honda
Truck
All
2009







28.4
23.3
25.9






25.4
Honda
Truck
All
2010







29.2
23.7
24.6






26.2
Honda
Truck
All
2011







29.8
25.1
23.0






26.4
Honda
Truck
All
2012






33.3
32.1
27.1
23.5






27.8
Honda
Truck
All
2013






33.4
31.8
26.9
23.6






28.5
Honda
Truck
All
2014






33.4
31.6
28.0
23.9






29.8
Honda
Truck
All
2015






38.6
35.8
27.8
25.4






31.5
Honda
Truck
All
2016






38.1
34.5
28.6







31.2
Honda
Truck
All
2017






39.3
32.2
28.6







31.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-53	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
Truck
All
2018






39.1
33.3
28.6
29.3






31.9
Honda
All
All
1975

31.4














31.4
Honda
All
All
1976

32.9
29.5













32.6
Honda
All
All
1977

36.4
33.9













35.5
Honda
All
All
1978

33.5
33.9













33.7
Honda
All
All
1979

30.9
29.9
27.9












29.0
Honda
All
All
1980

33.6
32.5
27.1












29.2
Honda
All
All
1981

36.1
33.6
28.5












30.8
Honda
All
All
1982

40.5
36.1
30.8












33.4
Honda
All
All
1983

44.7
36.6
33.6












35.3
Honda
All
All
1984

44.0
36.0
33.5












35.2
Honda
All
All
1985

44.4
36.4
32.1
30.4











33.8
Honda
All
All
1986

47.6
37.9
32.2
31.8

24.7









33.6
Honda
All
All
1987

52.0
38.1
33.1
31.8

24.3









32.8
Honda
All
All
1988

60.4
39.8
35.9
31.9
29.7
23.6









31.8
Honda
All
All
1989

60.3
39.6
34.9
32.6
29.2
23.4









31.3
Honda
All
All
1990


44.4
37.3
31.7
28.9
23.4









30.4
Honda
All
All
1991


44.7
37.3
32.9
28.8
24.7









30.3
Honda
All
All
1992


52.8
41.4
36.9
29.8
26.2
24.2








30.9
Honda
All
All
1993


52.3
41.5
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0








32.2
Honda
All
All
1994


50.5
42.9
35.9
30.5
29.9
22.2








31.5
Honda
All
All
1995


55.6
41.4
36.6
30.6
28.4
24.0








32.4
Honda
All
All
1996



41.3
37.0
30.8
28.2
23.1
19.0







31.0
Honda
All
All
1997



41.8
36.9
30.7
27.4
23.2
19.2







31.0
Honda
All
All
1998



41.3
37.2
32.0
28.6
22.6
19.4







30.9
Honda
All
All
1999



40.9
36.2
32.1
28.3
21.8
24.0







29.6
Honda
All
All
2000

76.4

40.7
36.0
29.9
28.3
22.4
23.6







29.4
Honda
All
All
2001

75.6
66.4

39.3
29.0
28.4
24.9
23.5







29.9
Honda
All
All
2002

75.3
66.4

39.3
31.4
28.8
25.3
23.7







29.8
Honda
All
All
2003

75.1
66.4

38.9
38.6
29.5
26.5
23.3







29.1
Honda
All
All
2004

73.8
66.4

38.7
38.7
29.7
26.7
23.0







28.9
Honda
All
All
2005

74.3
66.4

38.6
38.7
30.2
26.4
23.5







29.1
Honda
All
All
2006

73.8
66.4

39.2
39.4
30.0
26.8
23.6







28.9
Honda
All
All
2007




39.8
39.2
30.7
27.6
23.3







29.3
Honda
All
All
2008




39.9
39.6
31.3
28.1
23.3







30.1
Honda
All
All
2009




40.1
39.8
31.5
28.4
23.3
25.9






31.1
Honda
All
All
2010




40.2
41.7
32.3
28.9
23.7
24.6






31.5
Honda
All
All
2011




40.9
41.2
33.6
29.8
25.1
23.0






30.4
Honda
All
All
2012




41.2
43.1
34.4
30.6
27.1
23.5






33.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-54	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Honda
All
All
2013




41.4
42.6
37.1
31.8
27.0
23.6






34.9
Honda
All
All
2014





43.9
36.7
32.6
28.0
23.9






34.7
Honda
All
All
2015




47.4
43.8
39.7
35.7
27.8
25.4






37.0
Honda
All
All
2016




48.7
46.3
39.4
34.1
28.6







36.7
Honda
All
All
2017




48.0
46.4
40.0
34.9
28.6







38.1
Honda
All
All
2018




46.4
46.1
41.3
36.6
28.7
29.3






38.6
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985

















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986



34.9












34.9
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987



34.5












34.5
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988



34.3












34.3
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989



34.8

26.5










33.1
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990



35.7

26.9
23.8









33.1
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991



34.9

26.9
23.7









32.7
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992



34.8
28.8
28.9
24.9









31.1
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993



35.0
28.5
29.2
25.2









31.0
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994



35.8
28.5
29.2
24.9









32.7
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995



36.8
29.2
28.6
23.7









30.9
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996



35.9
31.6
29.5
24.5









32.7
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997



35.8
31.0
29.1
23.8









31.0
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998



35.6
31.8
28.6
23.1









30.6
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999



35.8

29.5
26.7









30.5
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000



36.5
34.0
29.6
26.8









30.0
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001



36.6
33.9
31.9
27.0
25.4








31.0
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002



36.6
33.8
32.4
27.4
24.1








30.8
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




35.0
32.2
26.5
23.4








30.1
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




35.0
32.3
26.7
23.4








29.2
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




35.0
32.4
26.8
24.3








30.2
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




37.2
32.2
30.2
27.5








29.8
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




37.1
36.8
31.1
27.3








32.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-55	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




37.2
36.6
31.4
27.8








33.8
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




39.0
36.6
33.2
28.7
25.2







33.8
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




40.2
38.7
32.5
28.3
25.2







35.9
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




40.2
44.4
35.3
28.1
24.9







36.4
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012




41.8
41.6
36.1
30.9
24.2







37.7
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013




42.1
41.6
35.8
32.6
23.5







38.7
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014




40.8
40.4
36.0
32.9
22.8







38.0
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




40.8
41.3
37.8
32.7
25.9







37.2
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




40.8
41.4
40.0
35.9
26.3







39.9
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017




40.9
43.4
40.3
44.0
26.3
24.8






41.3
Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




44.0
43.7
41.4
40.5
26.8
25.0






41.5
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1992

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1993

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1994

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1995

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1996

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1997

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1998

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
1999

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2000

















Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2001







25.9








25.9
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2002







25.3








25.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-56	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2003







25.6








25.6
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2004







25.0








25.0
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2005






28.2
25.0








25.4
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2006






28.2
25.2








25.7
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2007






28.2
25.8
23.6







26.0
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2008






28.2
26.2
23.6







26.1
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2009






28.9
26.2
23.6







26.4
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2010






34.0
30.0
24.7







30.4
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2011






32.8
29.7
24.7







30.4
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2012






32.3
29.7
24.7







30.3
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2013






32.3
29.5








30.3
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2014






31.5
28.7








29.3
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2015






31.9
28.7
71.1







29.7
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2016






33.9
31.2
71.1







32.1
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2017






33.4
31.3
27.7







31.8
Hyundai
Car
Car SUV
2018






32.7
31.0
27.6







31.3
Hyundai
Car
All
1975

















Hyundai
Car
All
1976

















Hyundai
Car
All
1977

















Hyundai
Car
All
1978

















Hyundai
Car
All
1979

















Hyundai
Car
All
1980

















Hyundai
Car
All
1981

















Hyundai
Car
All
1982

















Hyundai
Car
All
1983

















Hyundai
Car
All
1984

















Hyundai
Car
All
1985

















Hyundai
Car
All
1986



34.9












34.9
Hyundai
Car
All
1987



34.5












34.5
Hyundai
Car
All
1988



34.3












34.3
Hyundai
Car
All
1989



34.8

26.5










33.1
Hyundai
Car
All
1990



35.7

26.9
23.8









33.1
Hyundai
Car
All
1991



34.9

26.9
23.7









32.7
Hyundai
Car
All
1992



34.8
28.8
28.9
24.9









31.1
Hyundai
Car
All
1993



35.0
28.5
29.2
25.2









31.0
Hyundai
Car
All
1994



35.8
28.5
29.2
24.9









32.7
Hyundai
Car
All
1995



36.8
29.2
28.6
23.7









30.9
Hyundai
Car
All
1996



35.9
31.6
29.5
24.5









32.7
Hyundai
Car
All
1997



35.8
31.0
29.1
23.8









31.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-57	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
Car
All
1998



35.6
31.8
28.6
23.1









30.6
Hyundai
Car
All
1999



35.8

29.5
26.7









30.5
Hyundai
Car
All
2000



36.5
34.0
29.6
26.8









30.0
Hyundai
Car
All
2001



36.6
33.9
31.9
27.0
25.7








30.5
Hyundai
Car
All
2002



36.6
33.8
32.4
27.4
25.0








30.0
Hyundai
Car
All
2003




35.0
32.2
26.5
25.2








29.3
Hyundai
Car
All
2004




35.0
32.3
26.7
24.6








28.2
Hyundai
Car
All
2005




35.0
32.4
27.0
24.8








28.8
Hyundai
Car
All
2006




37.2
32.2
29.8
26.8








29.0
Hyundai
Car
All
2007




37.1
36.8
30.5
26.5
23.6







30.0
Hyundai
Car
All
2008




37.2
36.6
30.9
26.8
23.6







31.7
Hyundai
Car
All
2009




39.0
36.6
33.0
27.3
24.9







32.3
Hyundai
Car
All
2010




40.2
38.7
32.7
29.6
24.9







34.9
Hyundai
Car
All
2011




40.2
44.4
35.1
29.3
24.8







35.4
Hyundai
Car
All
2012




41.8
41.6
35.5
30.3
24.4







36.6
Hyundai
Car
All
2013




42.1
41.6
35.4
30.7
23.5







37.4
Hyundai
Car
All
2014




40.8
40.4
35.3
29.5
22.8







35.8
Hyundai
Car
All
2015




40.8
41.3
37.1
30.1
26.0







36.0
Hyundai
Car
All
2016




40.8
41.4
38.3
31.9
26.4







37.8
Hyundai
Car
All
2017




40.9
43.4
37.5
31.9
26.8
24.8






37.6
Hyundai
Car
All
2018




44.0
43.7
38.1
31.5
27.2
25.0






37.1
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-58	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1998

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
1999

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2000

















Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2001







24.0








24.0
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2002







23.5








23.5
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2003







23.3








23.3
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2004







22.8








22.8
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2005







23.0








23.0
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2006







23.5
22.1







22.9
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







25.1
24.3







24.5
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2008







24.9
24.5







24.6
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







25.8
24.8







24.9
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






31.1
29.6
23.7







29.2
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






31.1
28.5
23.7







28.7
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






29.5
28.5
23.7







28.5
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






29.5
26.9
26.4







28.1
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






29.0
26.9
26.0







27.3
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






29.1
26.9
25.7







27.5
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







27.1
26.0







26.4
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







27.3
26.0







26.4
Hyundai
Truck
Truck SUV
2018





40.6
37.8
27.3
25.8







29.1
Hyundai
Truck
All
1975

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1976

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1977

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1978

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1979

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1980

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1981

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1982

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1983

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1984

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1985

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1986

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1987

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-59	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
Truck
All
1988

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1989

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1990

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1991

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1992

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1993

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1994

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1995

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1996

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1997

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1998

















Hyundai
Truck
All
1999

















Hyundai
Truck
All
2000

















Hyundai
Truck
All
2001







24.0








24.0
Hyundai
Truck
All
2002







23.5








23.5
Hyundai
Truck
All
2003







23.3








23.3
Hyundai
Truck
All
2004







22.8








22.8
Hyundai
Truck
All
2005







23.0








23.0
Hyundai
Truck
All
2006







23.5
22.1







22.9
Hyundai
Truck
All
2007







25.1
24.3







24.5
Hyundai
Truck
All
2008







24.9
24.5







24.6
Hyundai
Truck
All
2009







25.8
24.8







24.9
Hyundai
Truck
All
2010






31.1
29.6
23.7







29.2
Hyundai
Truck
All
2011






31.1
28.5
23.7







28.7
Hyundai
Truck
All
2012






29.5
28.5
23.7







28.5
Hyundai
Truck
All
2013






29.5
26.9
26.4







28.1
Hyundai
Truck
All
2014






29.0
26.9
26.0







27.3
Hyundai
Truck
All
2015






29.1
26.9
25.7







27.5
Hyundai
Truck
All
2016







27.1
26.0







26.4
Hyundai
Truck
All
2017







27.3
26.0







26.4
Hyundai
Truck
All
2018





40.6
37.8
27.3
25.8







29.1
Hyundai
All
All
1975

















Hyundai
All
All
1976

















Hyundai
All
All
1977

















Hyundai
All
All
1978

















Hyundai
All
All
1979

















Hyundai
All
All
1980

















Hyundai
All
All
1981

















Hyundai
All
All
1982

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-60	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Hyundai
All
All
1983

















Hyundai
All
All
1984

















Hyundai
All
All
1985

















Hyundai
All
All
1986



34.9












34.9
Hyundai
All
All
1987



34.5












34.5
Hyundai
All
All
1988



34.3












34.3
Hyundai
All
All
1989



34.8

26.5










33.1
Hyundai
All
All
1990



35.7

26.9
23.8









33.1
Hyundai
All
All
1991



34.9

26.9
23.7









32.7
Hyundai
All
All
1992



34.8
28.8
28.9
24.9









31.1
Hyundai
All
All
1993



35.0
28.5
29.2
25.2









31.0
Hyundai
All
All
1994



35.8
28.5
29.2
24.9









32.7
Hyundai
All
All
1995



36.8
29.2
28.6
23.7









30.9
Hyundai
All
All
1996



35.9
31.6
29.5
24.5









32.7
Hyundai
All
All
1997



35.8
31.0
29.1
23.8









31.0
Hyundai
All
All
1998



35.6
31.8
28.6
23.1









30.6
Hyundai
All
All
1999



35.8

29.5
26.7









30.5
Hyundai
All
All
2000



36.5
34.0
29.6
26.8









30.0
Hyundai
All
All
2001



36.6
33.9
31.9
27.0
25.1








29.9
Hyundai
All
All
2002



36.6
33.8
32.4
27.4
24.4








29.2
Hyundai
All
All
2003




35.0
32.2
26.5
24.3








28.5
Hyundai
All
All
2004




35.0
32.3
26.7
24.0








27.5
Hyundai
All
All
2005




35.0
32.4
27.0
24.3








28.2
Hyundai
All
All
2006




37.2
32.2
29.8
26.6
22.1







28.7
Hyundai
All
All
2007




37.1
36.8
30.5
26.4
24.2







29.2
Hyundai
All
All
2008




37.2
36.6
30.9
26.7
24.3







30.9
Hyundai
All
All
2009




39.0
36.6
33.0
27.3
24.8







31.7
Hyundai
All
All
2010




40.2
38.7
32.6
29.6
24.6







34.4
Hyundai
All
All
2011




40.2
44.4
34.9
29.0
24.6







34.7
Hyundai
All
All
2012




41.8
41.6
35.1
29.8
24.3







35.8
Hyundai
All
All
2013




42.1
41.6
35.0
30.4
25.1







37.0
Hyundai
All
All
2014




40.8
40.4
34.6
29.2
24.9







35.1
Hyundai
All
All
2015




40.8
41.3
36.3
30.0
25.9







35.3
Hyundai
All
All
2016




40.8
41.4
38.3
31.6
26.2







37.4
Hyundai
All
All
2017




40.9
43.4
37.5
31.5
26.3
24.8






36.7
Hyundai
All
All
2018




44.0
43.6
38.1
31.2
26.4
25.0






36.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975


27.1
25.5












26.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976


31.6
27.9












29.7
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


30.3
29.9












30.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-61	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


32.9
27.5












29.9
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


32.4
28.0












29.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980


31.7
26.2












28.1
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981


34.8
29.3












31.3
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982


35.8
32.3
28.2











31.7
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983


34.7
32.3
28.7











31.3
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984


36.8
32.5
28.8











31.1
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


36.1
32.1
29.2
26.7










30.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


37.2
31.8
29.1
28.0










30.1
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987

46.0
36.7
31.0
29.1
26.8










29.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988

41.6

31.5
30.2
27.3










31.4
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989

41.6
38.6
31.0
30.0
27.7










31.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990

41.8
36.7
30.3
29.3
28.1
26.2









28.0
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991

41.8
36.8
33.7
29.5
28.2
26.1









28.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992

41.9
37.7
32.8
29.0
29.5
27.0
23.6








28.1
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993

41.4
35.8
32.8
30.2
29.3
27.2
23.5








29.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994

41.4
39.8
31.8
30.3
29.0
26.6
23.4








28.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995




30.9
28.9
27.9
23.5








28.5
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996




30.8
28.9
26.8
23.3








27.4
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997




31.1
29.9
27.1
23.3








28.0
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998





29.8
27.2









27.8
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999





29.3
27.2









27.6
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000





29.0
27.8
27.2








28.0
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001





28.8
27.9
27.5








27.7
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002





27.0
27.2
27.2








27.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003





27.4
27.4
27.1








27.3
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004





27.6
26.7
27.1








26.9
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005





29.9
27.9
24.7








27.3
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006






28.3
25.1








28.0
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007






28.6
25.6








28.4
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008






29.0
25.9








28.7
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009






29.0
25.9








28.9
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010






30.4
26.2








30.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011






30.4
26.2








30.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012





39.1
35.1
26.4








35.2
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013





36.6
35.7
26.4








35.7
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014





34.4
36.5
26.4








36.1
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015





34.7
37.1
37.2








37.0
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016





35.3
37.1
35.3








36.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-62	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017





33.4
36.8
36.7








36.6
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018





33.3
38.7
36.6








37.6
Subaru
Car
All
1975


27.1
25.5












26.5
Subaru
Car
All
1976


31.6
27.9












29.7
Subaru
Car
All
1977


30.3
29.9












30.2
Subaru
Car
All
1978


32.9
27.5












29.9
Subaru
Car
All
1979


32.4
28.0












29.5
Subaru
Car
All
1980


31.7
26.2












28.1
Subaru
Car
All
1981


34.8
29.3












31.3
Subaru
Car
All
1982


35.8
32.3
28.2











31.7
Subaru
Car
All
1983


34.7
32.3
28.7











31.3
Subaru
Car
All
1984


36.8
32.5
28.8











31.1
Subaru
Car
All
1985


36.1
32.1
29.2
26.7










30.5
Subaru
Car
All
1986


37.2
31.8
29.1
28.0










30.1
Subaru
Car
All
1987

46.0
36.7
31.0
29.1
26.8










29.5
Subaru
Car
All
1988

41.6

31.5
30.2
27.3










31.4
Subaru
Car
All
1989

41.6
38.6
31.0
30.0
27.7










31.5
Subaru
Car
All
1990

41.8
36.7
30.3
29.3
28.1
26.2









28.0
Subaru
Car
All
1991

41.8
36.8
33.7
29.5
28.2
26.1









28.2
Subaru
Car
All
1992

41.9
37.7
32.8
29.0
29.5
27.0
23.6








28.1
Subaru
Car
All
1993

41.4
35.8
32.8
30.2
29.3
27.2
23.5








29.2
Subaru
Car
All
1994

41.4
39.8
31.8
30.3
29.0
26.6
23.4








28.2
Subaru
Car
All
1995




30.9
28.9
27.9
23.5








28.5
Subaru
Car
All
1996




30.8
28.9
26.8
23.3








27.4
Subaru
Car
All
1997




31.1
29.9
27.1
23.3








28.0
Subaru
Car
All
1998





29.8
27.2









27.8
Subaru
Car
All
1999





29.3
27.2









27.6
Subaru
Car
All
2000





29.0
27.8
27.2








28.0
Subaru
Car
All
2001





28.8
27.9
27.5








27.7
Subaru
Car
All
2002





27.0
27.2
27.2








27.2
Subaru
Car
All
2003





27.4
27.4
27.1








27.3
Subaru
Car
All
2004





27.6
26.7
27.1








26.9
Subaru
Car
All
2005





29.9
27.9
24.7








27.3
Subaru
Car
All
2006






28.3
25.1








28.0
Subaru
Car
All
2007






28.6
25.6








28.4
Subaru
Car
All
2008






29.0
25.9








28.7
Subaru
Car
All
2009






29.0
25.9








28.9
Subaru
Car
All
2010






30.4
26.2








30.2
Subaru
Car
All
2011






30.4
26.2








30.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-63	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Car
All
2012





39.1
35.1
26.4








35.2
Subaru
Car
All
2013





36.6
35.7
26.4








35.7
Subaru
Car
All
2014





34.4
36.5
26.4








36.1
Subaru
Car
All
2015





34.7
37.1
37.2








37.0
Subaru
Car
All
2016





35.3
37.1
35.3








36.7
Subaru
Car
All
2017





33.4
36.8
36.7








36.6
Subaru
Car
All
2018





33.3
38.7
36.6








37.6
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1998






26.8









26.8
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1999






27.0









27.0
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2000






27.8









27.8
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






27.9









27.9
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






28.0









28.0
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






27.5









27.5
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






27.1









27.1
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






28.6









28.6
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






28.8

23.0







26.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-64	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






28.7

23.0







27.3
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






28.9

23.2







26.4
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2009






28.9

23.2







28.4
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






28.9
31.1
23.4







29.6
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






30.1
30.8
23.4







30.4
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






30.2
30.9
23.4







30.5
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






33.4
33.5
23.4







33.3
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






36.4
33.8
23.4







35.4
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






36.6
36.1








36.4
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






36.9
36.0








36.5
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






37.9
35.6








36.7
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






38.1
35.5








36.8
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1975

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1976

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1977

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1978



27.2












27.2
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1979



27.5












27.5
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1980



26.0












26.0
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1981



28.4












28.4
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1982



29.8












29.8
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1983



29.6
26.6











29.5
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1984



29.9
26.5











29.7
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1985



29.6












29.6
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1986



30.0












30.0
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1987



29.8












29.8
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1988

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1989

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1990

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1991

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1992

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1993

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1994

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1995

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1996

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1997

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1998

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1999

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2000

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2001

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-65	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2002

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2003






25.7
26.6








26.3
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2004







25.4








25.4
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2005







25.8








25.8
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2006






29.0
26.5








26.9
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2007

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2008

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2009

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2010

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2011

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2012

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2013

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2014

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2015

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2016

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2017

















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2018

















Subaru
Truck
All
1975

















Subaru
Truck
All
1976

















Subaru
Truck
All
1977

















Subaru
Truck
All
1978



27.2












27.2
Subaru
Truck
All
1979



27.5












27.5
Subaru
Truck
All
1980



26.0












26.0
Subaru
Truck
All
1981



28.4












28.4
Subaru
Truck
All
1982



29.8












29.8
Subaru
Truck
All
1983



29.6
26.6











29.5
Subaru
Truck
All
1984



29.9
26.5











29.7
Subaru
Truck
All
1985



29.6












29.6
Subaru
Truck
All
1986



30.0












30.0
Subaru
Truck
All
1987



29.8












29.8
Subaru
Truck
All
1988

















Subaru
Truck
All
1989

















Subaru
Truck
All
1990

















Subaru
Truck
All
1991

















Subaru
Truck
All
1992

















Subaru
Truck
All
1993

















Subaru
Truck
All
1994

















Subaru
Truck
All
1995

















Subaru
Truck
All
1996

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-66	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
Truck
All
1997

















Subaru
Truck
All
1998






26.8









26.8
Subaru
Truck
All
1999






27.0









27.0
Subaru
Truck
All
2000






27.8









27.8
Subaru
Truck
All
2001






27.9









27.9
Subaru
Truck
All
2002






28.0









28.0
Subaru
Truck
All
2003






27.4
26.6








27.3
Subaru
Truck
All
2004






27.1
25.4








27.1
Subaru
Truck
All
2005






28.6
25.8








28.2
Subaru
Truck
All
2006






28.8
26.5
23.0







26.5
Subaru
Truck
All
2007






28.7

23.0







27.3
Subaru
Truck
All
2008






28.9

23.2







26.4
Subaru
Truck
All
2009






28.9

23.2







28.4
Subaru
Truck
All
2010






28.9
31.1
23.4







29.6
Subaru
Truck
All
2011






30.1
30.8
23.4







30.4
Subaru
Truck
All
2012






30.2
30.9
23.4







30.5
Subaru
Truck
All
2013






33.4
33.5
23.4







33.3
Subaru
Truck
All
2014






36.4
33.8
23.4







35.4
Subaru
Truck
All
2015






36.6
36.1








36.4
Subaru
Truck
All
2016






36.9
36.0








36.5
Subaru
Truck
All
2017






37.9
35.6








36.7
Subaru
Truck
All
2018






38.1
35.5








36.8
Subaru
All
All
1975


27.1
25.5












26.5
Subaru
All
All
1976


31.6
27.9












29.7
Subaru
All
All
1977


30.3
29.9












30.2
Subaru
All
All
1978


32.9
27.4












29.3
Subaru
All
All
1979


32.4
27.8












28.9
Subaru
All
All
1980


31.7
26.2












27.9
Subaru
All
All
1981


34.8
29.1












30.9
Subaru
All
All
1982


35.8
32.1
28.2











31.6
Subaru
All
All
1983


34.7
32.2
28.7











31.2
Subaru
All
All
1984


36.8
32.3
28.8











31.1
Subaru
All
All
1985


36.1
31.9
29.2
26.7










30.5
Subaru
All
All
1986


37.2
31.7
29.1
28.0










30.1
Subaru
All
All
1987

46.0
36.7
30.9
29.1
26.8










29.5
Subaru
All
All
1988

41.6

31.5
30.2
27.3










31.4
Subaru
All
All
1989

41.6
38.6
31.0
30.0
27.7










31.5
Subaru
All
All
1990

41.8
36.7
30.3
29.3
28.1
26.2









28.0
Subaru
All
All
1991

41.8
36.8
33.7
29.5
28.2
26.1









28.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-67	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Subaru
All
All
1992

41.9
37.7
32.8
29.0
29.5
27.0
23.6








28.1
Subaru
All
All
1993

41.4
35.8
32.8
30.2
29.3
27.2
23.5








29.2
Subaru
All
All
1994

41.4
39.8
31.8
30.3
29.0
26.6
23.4








28.2
Subaru
All
All
1995




30.9
28.9
27.9
23.5








28.5
Subaru
All
All
1996




30.8
28.9
26.8
23.3








27.4
Subaru
All
All
1997




31.1
29.9
27.1
23.3








28.0
Subaru
All
All
1998





29.8
27.0









27.5
Subaru
All
All
1999





29.3
27.2









27.4
Subaru
All
All
2000





29.0
27.8
27.2








28.0
Subaru
All
All
2001





28.8
27.9
27.5








27.8
Subaru
All
All
2002





27.0
27.5
27.2








27.4
Subaru
All
All
2003





27.4
27.4
27.0








27.3
Subaru
All
All
2004





27.6
26.9
27.0








27.0
Subaru
All
All
2005





29.9
28.1
25.0








27.6
Subaru
All
All
2006






28.5
25.6
23.0







27.3
Subaru
All
All
2007






28.6
25.6
23.0







28.0
Subaru
All
All
2008






28.9
25.9
23.2







28.1
Subaru
All
All
2009






29.0
25.9
23.2







28.7
Subaru
All
All
2010






29.4
30.9
23.4







29.7
Subaru
All
All
2011






30.3
30.6
23.4







30.4
Subaru
All
All
2012





39.1
32.8
30.7
23.4







32.2
Subaru
All
All
2013





36.6
34.6
33.3
23.4







34.2
Subaru
All
All
2014





34.4
36.4
33.7
23.4







35.5
Subaru
All
All
2015





34.7
36.7
36.2








36.5
Subaru
All
All
2016





35.3
36.9
35.9








36.6
Subaru
All
All
2017





33.4
37.6
35.8








36.7
Subaru
All
All
2018





33.3
38.3
35.7








37.0
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975


27.4
26.1
19.5
21.6
10.2









26.5
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976


28.5
27.0
20.7
21.0










27.5
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


30.5
28.5
17.8
20.5










28.8
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


30.4
25.8

19.5
14.1









27.2
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


31.5
27.8

19.7
13.3









28.6
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980


33.6
31.0
22.9
22.2
19.4









31.2
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981


38.9
32.3
25.4
23.0
18.5









34.2
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982


38.3
33.9
28.5
22.1
18.9









32.8
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983


33.6
32.6
30.3
24.0
19.9









30.0
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984


35.4
30.8
26.0
23.5
21.4









28.4
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985



33.8
26.4
23.7
22.2









29.5
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986



32.9
26.0
23.7
23.0
18.4








29.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-68	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987



31.8
27.8
24.4
22.2
18.5

11.5
10.8





28.3
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988



31.4
30.6
25.2
21.8
20.7

12.4
12.2





29.7
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989



31.1
31.4
24.0
22.6
20.6

12.4
12.8





29.3
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990



31.8
30.9
27.0
24.3
18.9


12.9





28.3
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991



32.6
31.8
26.5
24.1
21.1


12.9





28.9
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992



32.7
31.3
26.6
24.7
22.0


14.5





28.7
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993



32.7
30.7
27.5
23.7
22.2


14.1





26.5
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994




31.0
29.1
23.7
22.2




13.6



27.7
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995




31.7
29.9
23.8
23.2








28.2
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996




30.1
29.0
25.5
24.0


15.4
14.9




27.8
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997




31.1
29.3
25.2
23.8


15.0
14.9




28.1
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998




31.0
29.9
26.9
23.3


15.0
14.9




28.4
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999





29.7
26.5
23.2

16.0
14.9





27.9
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000





30.5
26.2
23.0
22.8

15.2
15.0




28.2
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001





30.8
26.5
22.9
20.9


15.0
15.2



27.8
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002





31.1
28.8
24.4
20.3


14.5
15.2



28.7
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003





32.0
29.2
25.5
21.6


13.8
15.2



29.1
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004





32.1
28.8
25.2
22.5

18.9
13.8




28.2
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005





31.6
29.8
26.4
22.4
19.7
16.5
13.8




28.4
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006





31.3
31.0
27.4
23.3
19.7
16.8
15.4




29.6
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007





30.4
29.1
28.6
23.5
19.1
16.2
15.7
14.3



28.4
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008





30.6
29.7
27.9
23.1
19.1
16.2
15.7
14.4



28.8
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009





30.4
32.1
29.0
25.2
19.1
16.2
15.5
14.5



30.8
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010





30.6
34.7
29.8
25.6
17.7
16.2
15.8
14.5



32.7
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011





33.1
35.4
29.7
25.5
17.8
17.3
16.5




33.0
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012





33.2
34.4
29.6
26.8
20.5
17.3
16.9




32.9
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013





33.1
34.9
30.0
26.4
23.9
21.1
19.2
15.8



33.3
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014





33.2
37.2
29.7
28.1
29.0
21.4
18.9
15.8



34.4
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015





35.0
38.3
32.7
28.4
29.0
22.1
20.5
15.8



36.0
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016





44.8
38.6
32.1
30.0
27.9
21.5
20.2
17.2



36.3
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017





44.8
37.7
34.1
29.9
26.5
21.1
20.5
17.0



36.6
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018





42.1
37.2
33.1
29.9
25.3
32.5
21.3
17.2



35.1
vw
Car
Car SUV
1975

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1976

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1977

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1978

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1979

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1980

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1981

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-69	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Car
Car SUV
1982

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1983

















VW
Car
Car SUV
1984

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1985

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1986

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1987

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1988

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1989

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1990

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1991

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1992

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1993

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1994

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1995

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1996

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1997

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1998

















vw
Car
Car SUV
1999

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2000

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2001

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2002

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2003

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2004

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2005

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2006

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2007

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2008

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2009

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2010

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2011

















vw
Car
Car SUV
2012







30.8








30.8
vw
Car
Car SUV
2013







30.1








30.1
vw
Car
Car SUV
2014







29.4








29.4
vw
Car
Car SUV
2015







29.4








29.4
vw
Car
Car SUV
2016







29.2








29.2
vw
Car
Car SUV
2017







28.8








28.8
vw
Car
Car SUV
2018







33.6








33.6
vw
Car
All
1975


27.4
26.1
19.5
21.6
10.2









26.5
vw
Car
All
1976


28.5
27.0
20.7
21.0










27.5
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-70	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Car
All
1977


30.5
28.5
17.8
20.5










28.8
vw
Car
All
1978


30.4
25.8

19.5
14.1









27.2
VW
Car
All
1979


31.5
27.8

19.7
13.3









28.6
vw
Car
All
1980


33.6
31.0
22.9
22.2
19.4









31.2
vw
Car
All
1981


38.9
32.3
25.4
23.0
18.5









34.2
vw
Car
All
1982


38.3
33.9
28.5
22.1
18.9









32.8
vw
Car
All
1983


33.6
32.6
30.3
24.0
19.9









30.0
vw
Car
All
1984


35.4
30.8
26.0
23.5
21.4









28.4
vw
Car
All
1985



33.8
26.4
23.7
22.2









29.5
vw
Car
All
1986



32.9
26.0
23.7
23.0
18.4








29.0
vw
Car
All
1987



31.8
27.8
24.4
22.2
18.5

11.5
10.8





28.3
vw
Car
All
1988



31.4
30.6
25.2
21.8
20.7

12.4
12.2





29.7
vw
Car
All
1989



31.1
31.4
24.0
22.6
20.6

12.4
12.8





29.3
vw
Car
All
1990



31.8
30.9
27.0
24.3
18.9


12.9





28.3
vw
Car
All
1991



32.6
31.8
26.5
24.1
21.1


12.9





28.9
vw
Car
All
1992



32.7
31.3
26.6
24.7
22.0


14.5





28.7
vw
Car
All
1993



32.7
30.7
27.5
23.7
22.2


14.1





26.5
vw
Car
All
1994




31.0
29.1
23.7
22.2




13.6



27.7
vw
Car
All
1995




31.7
29.9
23.8
23.2








28.2
vw
Car
All
1996




30.1
29.0
25.5
24.0


15.4
14.9




27.8
vw
Car
All
1997




31.1
29.3
25.2
23.8


15.0
14.9




28.1
vw
Car
All
1998




31.0
29.9
26.9
23.3


15.0
14.9




28.4
vw
Car
All
1999





29.7
26.5
23.2

16.0
14.9





27.9
vw
Car
All
2000





30.5
26.2
23.0
22.8

15.2
15.0




28.2
vw
Car
All
2001





30.8
26.5
22.9
20.9


15.0
15.2



27.8
vw
Car
All
2002





31.1
28.8
24.4
20.3


14.5
15.2



28.7
vw
Car
All
2003





32.0
29.2
25.5
21.6


13.8
15.2



29.1
vw
Car
All
2004





32.1
28.8
25.2
22.5

18.9
13.8




28.2
vw
Car
All
2005





31.6
29.8
26.4
22.4
19.7
16.5
13.8




28.4
vw
Car
All
2006





31.3
31.0
27.4
23.3
19.7
16.8
15.4




29.6
vw
Car
All
2007





30.4
29.1
28.6
23.5
19.1
16.2
15.7
14.3



28.4
vw
Car
All
2008





30.6
29.7
27.9
23.1
19.1
16.2
15.7
14.4



28.8
vw
Car
All
2009





30.4
32.1
29.0
25.2
19.1
16.2
15.5
14.5



30.8
vw
Car
All
2010





30.6
34.7
29.8
25.6
17.7
16.2
15.8
14.5



32.7
vw
Car
All
2011





33.1
35.4
29.7
25.5
17.8
17.3
16.5




33.0
vw
Car
All
2012





33.2
34.4
29.8
26.8
20.5
17.3
16.9




32.8
vw
Car
All
2013





33.1
34.9
30.0
26.4
23.9
21.1
19.2
15.8



33.2
vw
Car
All
2014





33.2
37.2
29.6
28.1
29.0
21.4
18.9
15.8



34.2
vw
Car
All
2015





35.0
38.3
32.3
28.4
29.0
22.1
20.5
15.8



35.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-71	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Car
All
2016





44.8
38.6
31.4
30.0
27.9
21.5
20.2
17.2



35.8
vw
Car
All
2017





44.8
37.7
32.8
29.9
26.5
21.1
20.5
17.0



36.1
VW
Car
All
2018





42.1
37.2
33.2
29.9
25.3
32.5
21.3
17.2



35.0
vw
Truck
Van
1975





21.2
20.7









20.7
vw
Truck
Van
1976






19.9









19.9
vw
Truck
Van
1977






22.2









22.2
vw
Truck
Van
1978






20.0









20.0
vw
Truck
Van
1979






18.7









18.7
vw
Truck
Van
1980






19.2
18.4








19.0
vw
Truck
Van
1981






18.8
18.0








18.5
vw
Truck
Van
1982






21.8
21.4








21.7
vw
Truck
Van
1983






19.5
18.6








19.3
vw
Truck
Van
1984






20.9
20.1








20.7
vw
Truck
Van
1985






21.5
20.9








21.3
vw
Truck
Van
1986






20.3
18.4








19.2
vw
Truck
Van
1987






20.3
18.3








18.9
vw
Truck
Van
1988






20.3
19.7








19.9
vw
Truck
Van
1989







21.1
18.6







20.8
vw
Truck
Van
1990







20.9
18.5







20.8
vw
Truck
Van
1991







21.0
18.5







20.9
vw
Truck
Van
1992

















vw
Truck
Van
1993







21.3
20.3







21.0
vw
Truck
Van
1994







21.0
19.4







20.1
vw
Truck
Van
1995









19.6






19.6
vw
Truck
Van
1996

















vw
Truck
Van
1997








20.1

18.5





18.5
vw
Truck
Van
1998

















vw
Truck
Van
1999








19.5

18.5





19.1
vw
Truck
Van
2000








19.7

18.5





19.0
vw
Truck
Van
2001








21.0

20.0





20.7
vw
Truck
Van
2002








21.0

20.0





20.9
vw
Truck
Van
2003








20.9

20.0





20.9
vw
Truck
Van
2004

















vw
Truck
Van
2005

















vw
Truck
Van
2006

















vw
Truck
Van
2007

















vw
Truck
Van
2008

















vw
Truck
Van
2009

















vw
Truck
Van
2010

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-72	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Truck
Van
2011

















vw
Truck
Van
2012

















VW
Truck
Van
2013

















vw
Truck
Van
2014

















vw
Truck
Van
2015

















vw
Truck
Van
2016

















vw
Truck
Van
2017

















vw
Truck
Van
2018

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1998

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1999

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2000

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2001

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2002

















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2003










18.0





18.0
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2004









19.6
18.6
22.8




18.7
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2005









19.6
19.0





19.1
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-73	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Truck
Truck SUV
2006









19.6
18.9
21.7




19.1
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2007










19.8
18.2




19.5
VW
Truck
Truck SUV
2008









20.7
20.5
18.0




20.1
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







26.7
25.7
20.7
20.8
20.4




23.5
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







26.7
25.7
20.7
21.4
23.3




24.8
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2011







28.0
27.6
24.5
24.5
25.2




26.6
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2012







30.8
27.5
25.4
24.6
24.6




26.9
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2013







29.6
29.1
25.7
23.5
24.9




27.1
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2014







29.3
29.3
25.8
23.2
28.1




27.2
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2015







29.2
28.3
27.6
23.0
28.8




27.0
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







28.9
28.2
26.2
30.1





28.1
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







28.2
27.9
27.3
33.8
18.4




27.7
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2018






29.8
31.4
29.1
26.7
27.7
18.4




29.0
vw
Truck
Pickup
1975

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1976

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1977

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1978

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1979

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1980


32.0
23.7












31.3
vw
Truck
Pickup
1981


41.5
28.5












36.9
vw
Truck
Pickup
1982


43.5
29.9












39.2
vw
Truck
Pickup
1983


43.9
30.3












35.7
vw
Truck
Pickup
1984

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1985

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1986

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1987

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1988

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1989

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1990

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1991

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1992

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1993

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1994

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1995

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1996

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1997

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1998

















vw
Truck
Pickup
1999

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2000

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-74	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Truck
Pickup
2001

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2002

















VW
Truck
Pickup
2003

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2004

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2005

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2006

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2007

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2008

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2009

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2010

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2011

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2012

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2013

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2014

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2015

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2016

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2017

















vw
Truck
Pickup
2018

















vw
Truck
All
1975





21.2
20.7









20.7
vw
Truck
All
1976






19.9









19.9
vw
Truck
All
1977






22.2









22.2
vw
Truck
All
1978






20.0









20.0
vw
Truck
All
1979






18.7









18.7
vw
Truck
All
1980


32.0
23.7


19.2
18.4








25.2
vw
Truck
All
1981


41.5
28.5


18.8
18.0








29.5
vw
Truck
All
1982


43.5
29.9


21.8
21.4








27.8
vw
Truck
All
1983


43.9
30.3


19.5
18.6








20.3
vw
Truck
All
1984






20.9
20.1








20.7
vw
Truck
All
1985






21.5
20.9








21.3
vw
Truck
All
1986






20.3
18.4








19.2
vw
Truck
All
1987






20.3
18.3








18.9
vw
Truck
All
1988






20.3
19.7








19.9
vw
Truck
All
1989







21.1
18.6







20.8
vw
Truck
All
1990







20.9
18.5







20.8
vw
Truck
All
1991







21.0
18.5







20.9
vw
Truck
All
1992

















vw
Truck
All
1993







21.3
20.3







21.0
vw
Truck
All
1994







21.0
19.4







20.1
vw
Truck
All
1995









19.6






19.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-75	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
Truck
All
1996

















vw
Truck
All
1997








20.1

18.5





18.5
VW
Truck
All
1998

















vw
Truck
All
1999








19.5

18.5





19.1
vw
Truck
All
2000








19.7

18.5





19.0
vw
Truck
All
2001








21.0

20.0





20.7
vw
Truck
All
2002








21.0

20.0





20.9
vw
Truck
All
2003








20.9

18.4





20.2
vw
Truck
All
2004









19.6
18.6
22.8




18.7
vw
Truck
All
2005









19.6
19.0





19.1
vw
Truck
All
2006









19.6
18.9
21.7




19.1
vw
Truck
All
2007










19.8
18.2




19.5
vw
Truck
All
2008









20.7
20.5
18.0




20.1
vw
Truck
All
2009







26.7
25.7
20.7
20.8
20.4




23.5
vw
Truck
All
2010







26.7
25.7
20.7
21.4
23.3




24.8
vw
Truck
All
2011







28.0
27.6
24.5
24.5
25.2




26.6
vw
Truck
All
2012







30.8
27.5
25.4
24.6
24.6




26.9
vw
Truck
All
2013







29.6
29.1
25.7
23.5
24.9




27.1
vw
Truck
All
2014







29.3
29.3
25.8
23.2
28.1




27.2
vw
Truck
All
2015







29.2
28.3
27.6
23.0
28.8




27.0
vw
Truck
All
2016







28.9
28.2
26.2
30.1





28.1
vw
Truck
All
2017







28.2
27.9
27.3
33.8
18.4




27.7
vw
Truck
All
2018






29.8
31.4
29.1
26.7
27.7
18.4




29.0
vw
All
All
1975


27.4
26.1
19.5
21.6
18.6









26.4
vw
All
All
1976


28.5
27.0
20.7
21.0
19.9









27.4
vw
All
All
1977


30.5
28.5
17.8
20.5
22.2









28.8
vw
All
All
1978


30.4
25.8

19.5
17.8









27.1
vw
All
All
1979


31.5
27.8

19.7
17.7









28.0
vw
All
All
1980


33.5
30.8
22.9
22.2
19.3
18.4








30.5
vw
All
All
1981


39.1
31.8
25.4
23.0
18.7
18.0








33.5
vw
All
All
1982


38.8
33.7
28.5
22.1
21.2
21.4








32.2
vw
All
All
1983


33.7
32.5
30.3
24.0
19.6
18.6








28.8
vw
All
All
1984


35.4
30.8
26.0
23.5
21.1
20.1








27.7
vw
All
All
1985



33.8
26.4
23.7
21.8
20.9








28.8
vw
All
All
1986



32.9
26.0
23.7
22.3
18.4








28.5
vw
All
All
1987



31.8
27.8
24.4
21.8
18.4

11.5
10.8





27.7
vw
All
All
1988



31.4
30.6
25.2
21.4
20.0

12.4
12.2





29.4
vw
All
All
1989



31.1
31.4
24.0
22.6
20.9
18.6
12.4
12.8





29.1
vw
All
All
1990



31.8
30.9
27.0
24.3
20.2
18.5

12.9





27.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-76	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
VW
All
All
1991



32.6
31.8
26.5
24.1
21.0
18.5

12.9





28.5
vw
All
All
1992



32.7
31.3
26.6
24.7
22.0


14.5





28.7
VW
All
All
1993



32.7
30.7
27.5
23.7
21.6
20.3

14.1





25.5
vw
All
All
1994




31.0
29.1
23.7
22.2
19.4



13.6



27.7
vw
All
All
1995




31.7
29.9
23.8
23.2

19.6






28.0
vw
All
All
1996




30.1
29.0
25.5
24.0


15.4
14.9




27.8
vw
All
All
1997




31.1
29.3
25.2
23.8
20.1

18.0
14.9




28.0
vw
All
All
1998




31.0
29.9
26.9
23.3


15.0
14.9




28.4
vw
All
All
1999





29.7
26.5
23.2
19.5
16.0
18.0





27.8
vw
All
All
2000





30.5
26.2
23.0
20.8

18.5
15.0




28.1
vw
All
All
2001





30.8
26.5
22.9
20.9

20.0
15.0
15.2



27.7
vw
All
All
2002





31.1
28.8
24.4
20.6

20.0
14.5
15.2



28.5
vw
All
All
2003





32.0
29.2
25.5
21.3

18.4
13.8
15.2



28.9
vw
All
All
2004





32.1
28.8
25.2
22.5
19.6
18.6
20.0




26.1
vw
All
All
2005





31.6
29.8
26.4
22.4
19.6
18.7
13.8




26.5
vw
All
All
2006





31.3
31.0
27.4
23.3
19.6
18.8
16.2




28.4
vw
All
All
2007





30.4
29.1
28.6
23.5
19.1
19.6
16.9
14.3



27.3
vw
All
All
2008





30.6
29.7
27.9
23.1
19.4
20.4
17.3
14.4



27.3
vw
All
All
2009





30.4
32.1
28.4
25.5
19.3
20.7
19.1
14.5



29.4
vw
All
All
2010





30.6
34.7
28.9
25.6
17.7
21.2
21.3
14.5



31.2
vw
All
All
2011





33.1
35.4
29.2
26.6
24.5
24.3
23.6




31.4
vw
All
All
2012





33.2
34.4
29.9
27.2
25.4
22.9
22.7




31.9
vw
All
All
2013





33.1
34.9
30.0
27.9
25.5
23.2
23.7
15.8



32.2
vw
All
All
2014





33.2
37.2
29.6
28.9
26.2
23.1
24.1
15.8



32.7
vw
All
All
2015





35.0
38.3
32.0
28.3
28.1
23.0
26.6
15.8



33.8
vw
All
All
2016





44.8
38.6
30.9
28.8
26.4
29.5
20.2
17.2



33.8
vw
All
All
2017





44.8
37.7
31.7
28.3
27.2
31.1
19.3
17.0



33.6
vw
All
All
2018





42.1
36.8
32.6
29.2
26.6
29.0
19.6
17.2



32.2
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-77	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992

















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993




31.7











31.7
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994




32.9











32.9
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995




31.0











31.0
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996




28.9











28.9
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997




30.8











30.8
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998




30.7











30.7
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999




30.7











30.7
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000




29.8











29.8
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001



32.9
30.1

25.9









30.3
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002




32.4
29.2
25.0









29.4
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




33.2
29.2
27.8









30.1
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




31.8
31.4
28.1
22.6








28.9
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




31.4
32.3
28.4
23.1








29.2
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




38.3
33.1
30.1
23.1








32.4
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




38.2
34.9
31.0
26.2








33.0
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




38.2
35.2
31.5
26.8








33.3
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




39.5
35.2
31.8
26.2








34.8
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




40.5
36.2
33.0
27.3








36.1
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




40.4
36.2
36.4









36.6
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012




42.0
35.9
36.7
48.7








36.7
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013




42.1
35.5
36.5
50.4








36.9
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014




40.9
35.9
35.1
31.0








35.5
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




40.9
36.5
35.0
31.7
22.7







35.6
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




40.9
36.8
39.4
33.4
25.9
22.6






37.6
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017




40.8
40.3
44.1
36.1
25.9
22.6






41.1
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




43.3
39.5
45.9
32.9
27.5
22.6






40.5
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1980

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-78	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1992

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1993

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1994

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1995






25.6









25.6
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1996






24.9









24.9
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1997






23.3









23.3
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1998






24.4









24.4
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1999






24.4









24.4
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2000






23.3









23.3
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2001






22.9









22.9
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2002






23.1









23.1
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2003

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2004

















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2005






28.3
25.4








26.2
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2006






28.3
25.4








26.4
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2007






28.2
25.4
22.2







25.2
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2008






28.1
25.4
23.1







25.1
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2009






28.9
26.6
23.5







26.1
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2010






28.9
26.6
23.8







28.7
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2011






32.7
30.8
26.7







31.0
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2012






32.2
30.8
26.7







30.4
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2013






32.2
30.8
26.7







30.3
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2014






30.8
28.9
25.8







28.6
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2015






30.9
28.8
25.9







28.7
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2016






30.9
30.5
27.4







30.5
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2017






33.8
30.6








32.0
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2018






33.7
30.7








33.4
Kia
Car
All
1975

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-79	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Car
All
1976

















Kia
Car
All
1977

















Kia
Car
All
1978

















Kia
Car
All
1979

















Kia
Car
All
1980

















Kia
Car
All
1981

















Kia
Car
All
1982

















Kia
Car
All
1983

















Kia
Car
All
1984

















Kia
Car
All
1985

















Kia
Car
All
1986

















Kia
Car
All
1987

















Kia
Car
All
1988

















Kia
Car
All
1989

















Kia
Car
All
1990

















Kia
Car
All
1991

















Kia
Car
All
1992

















Kia
Car
All
1993




31.7











31.7
Kia
Car
All
1994




32.9











32.9
Kia
Car
All
1995




31.0

25.6









30.9
Kia
Car
All
1996




28.9

24.9









28.6
Kia
Car
All
1997




30.8

23.3









29.1
Kia
Car
All
1998




30.7

24.4









29.5
Kia
Car
All
1999




30.7

24.4









29.3
Kia
Car
All
2000




29.8

23.3









27.9
Kia
Car
All
2001



32.9
30.1

24.2









28.9
Kia
Car
All
2002




32.4
29.2
24.1









28.4
Kia
Car
All
2003




33.2
29.2
27.8









30.1
Kia
Car
All
2004




31.8
31.4
28.1
22.6








28.9
Kia
Car
All
2005




31.4
32.3
28.4
23.7








28.9
Kia
Car
All
2006




38.3
33.1
29.8
24.6








31.4
Kia
Car
All
2007




38.2
34.9
30.1
25.9
22.2







30.7
Kia
Car
All
2008




38.2
35.2
30.5
26.5
23.1







30.9
Kia
Car
All
2009




39.5
35.2
31.0
26.5
23.5







32.6
Kia
Car
All
2010




40.5
36.2
32.2
26.6
23.8







35.8
Kia
Car
All
2011




40.4
36.2
35.2
30.8
26.7







34.2
Kia
Car
All
2012




42.0
35.9
35.7
31.3
26.7







34.5
Kia
Car
All
2013




42.1
35.5
36.0
31.8
26.7







35.3
Kia
Car
All
2014




40.9
35.9
34.3
29.4
25.8







33.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-80	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Car
All
2015




40.9
36.5
34.5
29.5
25.2







34.0
Kia
Car
All
2016




40.9
36.8
37.7
31.1
27.1
22.6






36.1
Kia
Car
All
2017




40.8
40.3
40.0
31.8
25.9
22.6






38.4
Kia
Car
All
2018




43.3
39.5
43.3
32.8
27.5
22.6






39.8
Kia
Truck
Van
1975

















Kia
Truck
Van
1976

















Kia
Truck
Van
1977

















Kia
Truck
Van
1978

















Kia
Truck
Van
1979

















Kia
Truck
Van
1980

















Kia
Truck
Van
1981

















Kia
Truck
Van
1982

















Kia
Truck
Van
1983

















Kia
Truck
Van
1984

















Kia
Truck
Van
1985

















Kia
Truck
Van
1986

















Kia
Truck
Van
1987

















Kia
Truck
Van
1988

















Kia
Truck
Van
1989

















Kia
Truck
Van
1990

















Kia
Truck
Van
1991

















Kia
Truck
Van
1992

















Kia
Truck
Van
1993

















Kia
Truck
Van
1994

















Kia
Truck
Van
1995

















Kia
Truck
Van
1996

















Kia
Truck
Van
1997

















Kia
Truck
Van
1998

















Kia
Truck
Van
1999

















Kia
Truck
Van
2000

















Kia
Truck
Van
2001

















Kia
Truck
Van
2002









20.0






20.0
Kia
Truck
Van
2003









20.0






20.0
Kia
Truck
Van
2004









21.1






21.1
Kia
Truck
Van
2005









21.3






21.3
Kia
Truck
Van
2006








23.8







23.8
Kia
Truck
Van
2007








23.8







23.8
Kia
Truck
Van
2008








23.8







23.8
Kia
Truck
Van
2009








23.8







23.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-81	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Truck
Van
2010








24.7







24.7
Kia
Truck
Van
2011








26.8







26.8
Kia
Truck
Van
2012








26.8







26.8
Kia
Truck
Van
2013

















Kia
Truck
Van
2014








25.4







25.4
Kia
Truck
Van
2015








26.5
24.4






26.2
Kia
Truck
Van
2016








26.4
24.4






26.3
Kia
Truck
Van
2017








26.4
24.4






26.3
Kia
Truck
Van
2018








26.4
24.4






26.3
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1995






24.3









24.3
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1996






23.0









23.0
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1997






24.0









24.0
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1998






24.4









24.4
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1999






24.4









24.4
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2000






23.6









23.6
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






22.9









22.9
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






23.3









23.3
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2003








19.3







19.3
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2004








19.9







19.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-82	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2005







24.2
20.2







20.7
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2006







24.3
20.3







21.1
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







24.4
22.0







23.2
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2008







24.3
22.4







23.4
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







25.8
23.0
21.6






24.3
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







25.7








25.7
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






30.6
30.5
26.7







29.1
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






29.6
28.7








29.5
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






29.6
28.7








29.5
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






28.8
27.2








28.6
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






28.8
28.0








28.8
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






28.8
30.6
26.4







27.6
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







29.8
26.5







28.2
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2018







30.1
26.3







28.6
Kia
Truck
All
1975

















Kia
Truck
All
1976

















Kia
Truck
All
1977

















Kia
Truck
All
1978

















Kia
Truck
All
1979

















Kia
Truck
All
1980

















Kia
Truck
All
1981

















Kia
Truck
All
1982

















Kia
Truck
All
1983

















Kia
Truck
All
1984

















Kia
Truck
All
1985

















Kia
Truck
All
1986

















Kia
Truck
All
1987

















Kia
Truck
All
1988

















Kia
Truck
All
1989

















Kia
Truck
All
1990

















Kia
Truck
All
1991

















Kia
Truck
All
1992

















Kia
Truck
All
1993

















Kia
Truck
All
1994

















Kia
Truck
All
1995






24.3









24.3
Kia
Truck
All
1996






23.0









23.0
Kia
Truck
All
1997






24.0









24.0
Kia
Truck
All
1998






24.4









24.4
Kia
Truck
All
1999






24.4









24.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-83	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
Truck
All
2000






23.6









23.6
Kia
Truck
All
2001






22.9









22.9
Kia
Truck
All
2002






23.3


20.0






20.9
Kia
Truck
All
2003








19.3
20.0






19.7
Kia
Truck
All
2004








19.9
21.1






20.6
Kia
Truck
All
2005







24.2
20.2
21.3






21.0
Kia
Truck
All
2006







24.3
21.9







22.1
Kia
Truck
All
2007







24.4
23.5







23.6
Kia
Truck
All
2008







24.3
23.4







23.6
Kia
Truck
All
2009







25.8
23.5
21.6






24.1
Kia
Truck
All
2010







25.7
24.7







25.0
Kia
Truck
All
2011






30.6
30.5
26.7







28.6
Kia
Truck
All
2012






29.6
28.7
26.8







27.6
Kia
Truck
All
2013






29.6
28.7








29.5
Kia
Truck
All
2014






28.8
27.2
25.4







26.9
Kia
Truck
All
2015






28.8
28.0
26.5
24.4






27.2
Kia
Truck
All
2016






28.8
30.6
26.4
24.4






27.2
Kia
Truck
All
2017







29.8
26.5
24.4






27.8
Kia
Truck
All
2018







30.1
26.3
24.4






28.1
Kia
All
All
1975

















Kia
All
All
1976

















Kia
All
All
1977

















Kia
All
All
1978

















Kia
All
All
1979

















Kia
All
All
1980

















Kia
All
All
1981

















Kia
All
All
1982

















Kia
All
All
1983

















Kia
All
All
1984

















Kia
All
All
1985

















Kia
All
All
1986

















Kia
All
All
1987

















Kia
All
All
1988

















Kia
All
All
1989

















Kia
All
All
1990

















Kia
All
All
1991

















Kia
All
All
1992

















Kia
All
All
1993




31.7











31.7
Kia
All
All
1994




32.9











32.9
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-84	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Kia
All
All
1995




31.0

24.3









28.3
Kia
All
All
1996




28.9

23.4









27.3
Kia
All
All
1997




30.8

23.7









27.8
Kia
All
All
1998




30.7

24.4









28.0
Kia
All
All
1999




30.7

24.4









27.8
Kia
All
All
2000




29.8

23.5









26.9
Kia
All
All
2001



32.9
30.1

23.7









27.9
Kia
All
All
2002




32.4
29.2
23.8


20.0






25.7
Kia
All
All
2003




33.2
29.2
27.8

19.3
20.0






24.8
Kia
All
All
2004




31.8
31.4
28.1
22.6
19.9
21.1






25.1
Kia
All
All
2005




31.4
32.3
28.4
23.9
20.2
21.3






24.4
Kia
All
All
2006




38.3
33.1
29.8
24.5
21.9







27.0
Kia
All
All
2007




38.2
34.9
30.1
25.3
23.2







28.3
Kia
All
All
2008




38.2
35.2
30.5
25.6
23.3







28.8
Kia
All
All
2009




39.5
35.2
31.0
26.0
23.5
21.6






30.7
Kia
All
All
2010




40.5
36.2
32.2
25.8
24.7







34.5
Kia
All
All
2011




40.4
36.2
34.5
30.8
26.7







33.0
Kia
All
All
2012




42.0
35.9
35.0
31.3
26.8







33.7
Kia
All
All
2013




42.1
35.5
35.5
31.7
26.7







35.1
Kia
All
All
2014




40.9
35.9
33.6
29.4
25.6







33.0
Kia
All
All
2015




40.9
36.5
34.0
29.5
25.8
24.4






33.4
Kia
All
All
2016




40.9
36.8
36.4
31.0
26.4
24.3






33.7
Kia
All
All
2017




40.8
40.3
40.0
30.7
26.5
23.9






34.7
Kia
All
All
2018




43.3
39.5
43.3
31.2
26.4
24.1






35.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975






26.0
15.1
13.4







17.3
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976






25.0
17.9
13.4







18.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977






26.5
18.3
14.3







19.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978






27.3
18.3
13.9







18.7
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979






29.7
20.1
13.6







20.5
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980






26.1
22.5








23.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981






26.9
24.4








25.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982






28.9
25.6








26.3
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983





26.1
30.0
26.1








26.4
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984





26.8

24.5








26.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985





25.7

22.1








23.1
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986





25.6
23.1
19.3
16.8







21.1
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987





26.1
25.0
19.2








22.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988





26.5
23.4
18.5








21.1
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989






24.3
18.8








21.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-85	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990






23.6
20.2
17.5







21.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991





27.0
25.1
21.2
17.8







22.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992





27.1
25.5
21.2
18.8
17.3






21.8
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993





27.3
26.7
24.1
19.8
18.9
15.6





22.7
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994






26.7
24.4
20.1
20.4
16.1





23.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995






27.5
26.5
22.2
19.6






24.5
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996






27.7
26.6
22.6
19.9






25.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997






28.5
25.2
22.0
20.2






25.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998






29.5
27.6
21.6
20.2






27.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999





28.6
27.6
27.2
22.1
20.1






26.3
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000





28.6
27.7
26.1
21.9







24.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001





26.9
26.2
25.7
22.2
19.2






24.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002





27.3
25.9
24.8
22.0
19.1






24.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003






27.0
24.1
20.9







24.4
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004






28.5
23.9
21.4
17.0






24.5
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005






26.8
24.9
21.1
17.2






25.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006






25.4
24.9
21.7
17.2
20.3





24.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007






25.2
25.1
20.9
20.1
21.1





23.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008

49.5




25.2
25.5
20.9
19.9
21.4

15.3



25.3
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009

49.5




26.9
25.6
20.6
20.0
21.3

15.2



25.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010

49.1




27.4
25.7
22.8
20.9
16.6

15.2



24.8
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011

53.2




27.7
25.8
23.8
21.8
18.4

15.5



25.3
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012

49.5




32.3
27.0
28.1
23.9
18.4

15.5



28.6
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013

49.8
152.8



33.2
28.5
28.6
23.7
18.5





30.2
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014

49.7
152.8



35.8
29.5
29.5
25.3






31.4
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015

49.7
152.8



37.4
33.6
29.5
24.7
21.4





32.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016


152.8
50.0


37.2
32.5
30.2
24.6
23.7





33.0
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017



57.4
149.2

36.6
34.0
27.5
25.1
39.0





32.9
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018



159.5
149.2

37.5
33.4
29.1
27.4
22.8





32.7
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1984

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-86	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1992

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1993

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1994

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1995

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1996

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1997

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1998

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1999

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2000

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2001

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2002

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2003

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2004

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2005

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2006

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2007

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2008

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2009

















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2010








23.8







23.8
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2011







23.5








23.5
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2012







23.3
23.9







23.5
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2013








28.1







28.1
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2014








27.8







27.8
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2015








27.8







27.8
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2016







32.3








32.3
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2017






35.9
32.3








33.3
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2018






36.8
32.3








33.7
Mercedes
Car
All
1975






26.0
15.1
13.4







17.3
Mercedes
Car
All
1976






25.0
17.9
13.4







18.6
Mercedes
Car
All
1977






26.5
18.3
14.3







19.2
Mercedes
Car
All
1978






27.3
18.3
13.9







18.7
Mercedes
Car
All
1979






29.7
20.1
13.6







20.5
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-87	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Car
All
1980






26.1
22.5








23.9
Mercedes
Car
All
1981






26.9
24.4








25.6
Mercedes
Car
All
1982






28.9
25.6








26.3
Mercedes
Car
All
1983





26.1
30.0
26.1








26.4
Mercedes
Car
All
1984





26.8

24.5








26.0
Mercedes
Car
All
1985





25.7

22.1








23.1
Mercedes
Car
All
1986





25.6
23.1
19.3
16.8







21.1
Mercedes
Car
All
1987





26.1
25.0
19.2








22.0
Mercedes
Car
All
1988





26.5
23.4
18.5








21.1
Mercedes
Car
All
1989






24.3
18.8








21.2
Mercedes
Car
All
1990






23.6
20.2
17.5







21.2
Mercedes
Car
All
1991





27.0
25.1
21.2
17.8







22.2
Mercedes
Car
All
1992





27.1
25.5
21.2
18.8
17.3






21.8
Mercedes
Car
All
1993





27.3
26.7
24.1
19.8
18.9
15.6





22.7
Mercedes
Car
All
1994






26.7
24.4
20.1
20.4
16.1





23.6
Mercedes
Car
All
1995






27.5
26.5
22.2
19.6






24.5
Mercedes
Car
All
1996






27.7
26.6
22.6
19.9






25.2
Mercedes
Car
All
1997






28.5
25.2
22.0
20.2






25.0
Mercedes
Car
All
1998






29.5
27.6
21.6
20.2






27.0
Mercedes
Car
All
1999





28.6
27.6
27.2
22.1
20.1






26.3
Mercedes
Car
All
2000





28.6
27.7
26.1
21.9







24.9
Mercedes
Car
All
2001





26.9
26.2
25.7
22.2
19.2






24.9
Mercedes
Car
All
2002





27.3
25.9
24.8
22.0
19.1






24.6
Mercedes
Car
All
2003






27.0
24.1
20.9







24.4
Mercedes
Car
All
2004






28.5
23.9
21.4
17.0






24.5
Mercedes
Car
All
2005






26.8
24.9
21.1
17.2






25.0
Mercedes
Car
All
2006






25.4
24.9
21.7
17.2
20.3





24.0
Mercedes
Car
All
2007






25.2
25.1
20.9
20.1
21.1





23.2
Mercedes
Car
All
2008

49.5




25.2
25.5
20.9
19.9
21.4

15.3



25.3
Mercedes
Car
All
2009

49.5




26.9
25.6
20.6
20.0
21.3

15.2



25.6
Mercedes
Car
All
2010

49.1




27.4
25.7
23.1
20.9
16.6

15.2



24.7
Mercedes
Car
All
2011

53.2




27.7
25.6
23.8
21.8
18.4

15.5



25.2
Mercedes
Car
All
2012

49.5




32.3
26.5
27.8
23.9
18.4

15.5



28.2
Mercedes
Car
All
2013

49.8
152.8



33.2
28.5
28.5
23.7
18.5





30.1
Mercedes
Car
All
2014

49.7
152.8



35.8
29.5
29.3
25.3






31.2
Mercedes
Car
All
2015

49.7
152.8



37.4
33.6
28.8
24.7
21.4





32.5
Mercedes
Car
All
2016


152.8
50.0


37.2
32.4
30.2
24.6
23.7





32.9
Mercedes
Car
All
2017



57.4
149.2

36.3
33.8
27.5
25.1
39.0





32.9
Mercedes
Car
All
2018



159.5
149.2

37.3
33.2
29.1
27.4
22.8





32.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-88	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Truck
Van
1975

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1976

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1977

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1978

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1979

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1980

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1981

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1982

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1983

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1984

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1985

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1986

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1987

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1988

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1989

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1990

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1991

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1992

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1993

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1994

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1995

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1996

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1997

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1998

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1999

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2000

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2001

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2002

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2003

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2004

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2005

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2006

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2007

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2008

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2009

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2010

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2011

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2012

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2013

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-89	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2014

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2015

















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2016








30.2
29.4






29.8
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2017








30.2
29.4






29.9
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2018








29.8
27.6






28.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1998








21.3







21.3
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1999









20.3






20.3
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2000










20.4





20.4
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2001










20.8





20.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2002









19.1






19.1
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2003









19.4
17.4
17.0




18.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2004










19.0
15.9




18.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2005









19.0
15.7
15.1




18.7
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2006









21.0

15.3




20.9
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2007









22.0
18.7
21.8




20.2
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2008









22.4
18.2
19.5




20.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-90	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2009









22.1
18.0
19.4




20.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2010








22.5
22.4
21.0
19.2




21.4
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2011








23.2
22.2
20.6
19.3




21.1
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2012








23.1
25.7
26.9
19.6




23.1
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2013








28.2
25.8
26.2
20.9




24.4
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2014








28.8
25.6
26.0
20.8




24.5
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2015







32.0
28.2
25.7
31.3
21.9




25.9
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







31.8
30.0
25.7
25.8
22.1




25.8
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







31.7
30.4
25.6
24.4
22.3

14.2


25.3
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2018







35.1
30.8
26.4
24.9
22.8

14.2


27.1
Mercedes
Truck
All
1975

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1976

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1977

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1978

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1979

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1980

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1981

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1982

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1983

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1984

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1985

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1986

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1987

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1988

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1989

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1990

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1991

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1992

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1993

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1994

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1995

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1996

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1997

















Mercedes
Truck
All
1998








21.3







21.3
Mercedes
Truck
All
1999









20.3






20.3
Mercedes
Truck
All
2000










20.4





20.4
Mercedes
Truck
All
2001










20.8





20.8
Mercedes
Truck
All
2002









19.1






19.1
Mercedes
Truck
All
2003









19.4
17.4
17.0




18.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-91	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
Truck
All
2004










19.0
15.9




18.8
Mercedes
Truck
All
2005









19.0
15.7
15.1




18.7
Mercedes
Truck
All
2006









21.0

15.3




20.9
Mercedes
Truck
All
2007









22.0
18.7
21.8




20.2
Mercedes
Truck
All
2008









22.4
18.2
19.5




20.8
Mercedes
Truck
All
2009









22.1
18.0
19.4




20.8
Mercedes
Truck
All
2010








22.5
22.4
21.0
19.2




21.4
Mercedes
Truck
All
2011








23.2
22.2
20.6
19.3




21.1
Mercedes
Truck
All
2012








23.1
25.7
26.9
19.6




23.1
Mercedes
Truck
All
2013








28.2
25.8
26.2
20.9




24.4
Mercedes
Truck
All
2014








28.8
25.6
26.0
20.8




24.5
Mercedes
Truck
All
2015







32.0
28.2
25.7
31.3
21.9




25.9
Mercedes
Truck
All
2016







31.8
30.0
26.0
25.8
22.1




26.1
Mercedes
Truck
All
2017







31.7
30.4
25.8
24.4
22.3

14.2


25.4
Mercedes
Truck
All
2018







35.1
30.7
26.5
24.9
22.8

14.2


27.2
Mercedes
All
All
1975






26.0
15.1
13.4







17.3
Mercedes
All
All
1976






25.0
17.9
13.4







18.6
Mercedes
All
All
1977






26.5
18.3
14.3







19.2
Mercedes
All
All
1978






27.3
18.3
13.9







18.7
Mercedes
All
All
1979






29.7
20.1
13.6







20.5
Mercedes
All
All
1980






26.1
22.5








23.9
Mercedes
All
All
1981






26.9
24.4








25.6
Mercedes
All
All
1982






28.9
25.6








26.3
Mercedes
All
All
1983





26.1
30.0
26.1








26.4
Mercedes
All
All
1984





26.8

24.5








26.0
Mercedes
All
All
1985





25.7

22.1








23.1
Mercedes
All
All
1986





25.6
23.1
19.3
16.8







21.1
Mercedes
All
All
1987





26.1
25.0
19.2








22.0
Mercedes
All
All
1988





26.5
23.4
18.5








21.1
Mercedes
All
All
1989






24.3
18.8








21.2
Mercedes
All
All
1990






23.6
20.2
17.5







21.2
Mercedes
All
All
1991





27.0
25.1
21.2
17.8







22.2
Mercedes
All
All
1992





27.1
25.5
21.2
18.8
17.3






21.8
Mercedes
All
All
1993





27.3
26.7
24.1
19.8
18.9
15.6





22.7
Mercedes
All
All
1994






26.7
24.4
20.1
20.4
16.1





23.6
Mercedes
All
All
1995






27.5
26.5
22.2
19.6






24.5
Mercedes
All
All
1996






27.7
26.6
22.6
19.9






25.2
Mercedes
All
All
1997






28.5
25.2
22.0
20.2






25.0
Mercedes
All
All
1998






29.5
27.6
21.4
20.2






25.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-92	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mercedes
All
All
1999





28.6
27.6
27.2
22.1
20.3






24.4
Mercedes
All
All
2000





28.6
27.7
26.1
21.9

20.4





23.6
Mercedes
All
All
2001





26.9
26.2
25.7
22.2
19.2
20.8





23.9
Mercedes
All
All
2002





27.3
25.9
24.8
22.0
19.1






23.2
Mercedes
All
All
2003






27.0
24.1
20.9
19.4
17.4
17.0




23.4
Mercedes
All
All
2004






28.5
23.9
21.4
17.0
19.0
15.9




23.7
Mercedes
All
All
2005






26.8
24.9
21.1
18.9
15.7
15.1




24.1
Mercedes
All
All
2006






25.4
24.9
21.7
20.9
20.3
15.3




23.4
Mercedes
All
All
2007






25.2
25.1
20.9
21.4
19.4
21.8




22.4
Mercedes
All
All
2008

49.5




25.2
25.5
20.9
21.5
20.2
19.5
15.3



24.0
Mercedes
All
All
2009

49.5




26.9
25.6
20.6
21.6
19.7
19.4
15.2



24.3
Mercedes
All
All
2010

49.1




27.4
25.7
22.9
21.9
20.8
19.2
15.2



23.6
Mercedes
All
All
2011

53.2




27.7
25.6
23.7
22.2
20.5
19.3
15.5



23.8
Mercedes
All
All
2012

49.5




32.3
26.5
26.6
25.2
26.8
19.6
15.5



26.3
Mercedes
All
All
2013

49.8
152.8



33.2
28.5
28.5
25.2
26.1
20.9




28.1
Mercedes
All
All
2014

49.7
152.8



35.8
29.5
29.3
25.5
26.0
20.8




29.2
Mercedes
All
All
2015

49.7
152.8



37.4
33.3
28.6
25.3
28.4
21.9




29.8
Mercedes
All
All
2016


152.8
50.0


37.2
32.4
30.2
25.6
25.5
22.1




30.3
Mercedes
All
All
2017



57.4
149.2

36.3
33.6
29.5
25.6
25.5
22.3

14.2


29.3
Mercedes
All
All
2018



159.5
149.2

37.3
33.4
29.9
26.7
24.7
22.8

14.2


30.3
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975




22.4

14.6



10.2





17.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976




21.4

16.4



11.3





18.4
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977




22.6

16.4



11.1





19.8
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978




21.5

16.3
15.0


10.8





19.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979




21.6

20.0
14.9


10.8





19.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980




28.9

21.3
18.8

11.3
10.7





25.0
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981




28.9

21.3
19.1

11.0
10.5





25.6
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982




29.0
24.4
21.2


11.1
10.1





25.4
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983




29.0
24.4
21.5


11.1
10.9





25.3
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984



30.7
29.0
26.8
22.5


11.1
11.0





27.0
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985




29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.4
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986





27.3
23.2
19.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.0
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987





25.8
22.7
19.4

11.4
10.9
10.4




23.9
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988





24.2
22.9
18.7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8




21.3
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989





23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.2





21.7
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990





23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7

13.3





21.9
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991




28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7

13.3





22.8
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992





28.2
24.3
22.5
16.7

13.9





23.8
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993





29.0
26.3
23.2
19.5

13.9
13.6




25.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-93	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994





29.5
26.5
22.5
18.9

14.0
13.9
13.6



24.9
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995





29.3
26.5
23.9
22.0

14.1
13.9
13.6



25.1
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996





30.3
26.7

21.8

15.9





27.1
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997





28.7
25.7
22.7
22.4

15.1

14.9



25.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998





27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4

15.0

13.8



25.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999





25.8
26.2
23.8
22.6
17.4
14.9





25.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000





25.6
25.8
23.2
22.4
18.3
16.1

15.2



24.6
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001





26.3
26.0
23.7
22.1
18.2
16.1

15.2



24.7
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002




35.5
29.6
26.5
24.4
23.6

16.1

15.2



26.0
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




35.6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.3






26.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




35.4
30.4
25.9
24.4
23.5
20.3
17.0





26.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




35.2
31.3
25.7
24.3
23.3
20.3
17.0





26.9
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




35.1
32.0
27.7
24.5
23.1
20.4
17.0





27.0
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




39.8
35.0
28.3
25.8
22.3
19.6
17.3





27.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




42.5
36.6
28.5
25.8
22.5
19.6
17.3





27.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




42.5
38.7
28.2
26.2
21.9
21.5
17.3





28.4
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




42.1
37.0
28.1
26.3
23.7
21.3
19.7
17.3




28.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011




41.8
39.2
29.4
27.9
28.4
21.8

19.3




29.1
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012




41.9
39.2
34.8
30.7
27.7
21.4

19.6




32.2
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013




41.7
38.9
34.9
32.3
27.5
24.9

18.5
17.4



32.9
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014




44.0
44.4
38.2
34.3
29.1
24.9
19.3
18.5
17.4



34.7
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




44.3
41.1
38.3
33.3
29.0
25.1
19.3
18.6
17.4



34.6
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016




43.0
39.8
37.3
33.3
29.2
25.1
19.3
18.5
17.4



33.8
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017




43.0
42.2
39.8
34.6
29.2
26.6
18.5
17.9
17.4



35.5
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018




43.0
43.5
40.7
34.4
31.0
25.9
18.7
17.7




35.4
BMW
Car
Car SUV
1975

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1976

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1977

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1978

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1979

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1980

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1981

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1982

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1983

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1984

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1985

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1986

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1987

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1988

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-94	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Car
Car SUV
1989

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1990

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1991

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1992

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1993

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1994

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1995

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1996

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1997

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1998

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1999

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2000

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2001

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2002

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2003

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2004

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2005

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2006

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2007

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2008

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2009

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2010

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2011

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2012

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2013

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2014

















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2015







35.3








35.3
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2016







34.8








34.8
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2017







31.3








31.3
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2018

















BMW
Car
All
1975




22.4

14.6



10.2





17.2
BMW
Car
All
1976




21.4

16.4



11.3





18.4
BMW
Car
All
1977




22.6

16.4



11.1





19.8
BMW
Car
All
1978




21.5

16.3
15.0


10.8





19.2
BMW
Car
All
1979




21.6

20.0
14.9


10.8





19.5
BMW
Car
All
1980




28.9

21.3
18.8

11.3
10.7





25.0
BMW
Car
All
1981




28.9

21.3
19.1

11.0
10.5





25.6
BMW
Car
All
1982




29.0
24.4
21.2


11.1
10.1





25.4
BMW
Car
All
1983




29.0
24.4
21.5


11.1
10.9





25.3
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-95	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Car
All
1984



30.7
29.0
26.8
22.5


11.1
11.0





27.0
BMW
Car
All
1985




29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.4
BMW
Car
All
1986





27.3
23.2
19.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.0
BMW
Car
All
1987





25.8
22.7
19.4

11.4
10.9
10.4




23.9
BMW
Car
All
1988





24.2
22.9
18.7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8




21.3
BMW
Car
All
1989





23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.2





21.7
BMW
Car
All
1990





23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7

13.3





21.9
BMW
Car
All
1991




28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7

13.3





22.8
BMW
Car
All
1992





28.2
24.3
22.5
16.7

13.9





23.8
BMW
Car
All
1993





29.0
26.3
23.2
19.5

13.9
13.6




25.0
BMW
Car
All
1994





29.5
26.5
22.5
18.9

14.0
13.9
13.6



24.9
BMW
Car
All
1995





29.3
26.5
23.9
22.0

14.1
13.9
13.6



25.1
BMW
Car
All
1996





30.3
26.7

21.8

15.9





27.1
BMW
Car
All
1997





28.7
25.7
22.7
22.4

15.1

14.9



25.5
BMW
Car
All
1998





27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4

15.0

13.8



25.2
BMW
Car
All
1999





25.8
26.2
23.8
22.6
17.4
14.9





25.2
BMW
Car
All
2000





25.6
25.8
23.2
22.4
18.3
16.1

15.2



24.6
BMW
Car
All
2001





26.3
26.0
23.7
22.1
18.2
16.1

15.2



24.7
BMW
Car
All
2002




35.5
29.6
26.5
24.4
23.6

16.1

15.2



26.0
BMW
Car
All
2003




35.6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.3






26.5
BMW
Car
All
2004




35.4
30.4
25.9
24.4
23.5
20.3
17.0





26.2
BMW
Car
All
2005




35.2
31.3
25.7
24.3
23.3
20.3
17.0





26.9
BMW
Car
All
2006




35.1
32.0
27.7
24.5
23.1
20.4
17.0





27.0
BMW
Car
All
2007




39.8
35.0
28.3
25.8
22.3
19.6
17.3





27.5
BMW
Car
All
2008




42.5
36.6
28.5
25.8
22.5
19.6
17.3





27.2
BMW
Car
All
2009




42.5
38.7
28.2
26.2
21.9
21.5
17.3





28.4
BMW
Car
All
2010




42.1
37.0
28.1
26.3
23.7
21.3
19.7
17.3




28.5
BMW
Car
All
2011




41.8
39.2
29.4
27.9
28.4
21.8

19.3




29.1
BMW
Car
All
2012




41.9
39.2
34.8
30.7
27.7
21.4

19.6




32.2
BMW
Car
All
2013




41.7
38.9
34.9
32.3
27.5
24.9

18.5
17.4



32.9
BMW
Car
All
2014




44.0
44.4
38.2
34.3
29.1
24.9
19.3
18.5
17.4



34.7
BMW
Car
All
2015




44.3
41.1
38.3
33.3
29.0
25.1
19.3
18.6
17.4



34.6
BMW
Car
All
2016




43.0
39.8
37.3
33.4
29.2
25.1
19.3
18.5
17.4



33.8
BMW
Car
All
2017




43.0
42.2
39.8
34.1
29.2
26.6
18.5
17.9
17.4



35.1
BMW
Car
All
2018




43.0
43.5
40.7
34.4
31.0
25.9
18.7
17.7




35.4
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-96	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1991

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1992

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1993

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1994

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1998

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1999

















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2000









17.5






17.5
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2001








20.2
18.5






19.2
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2002









20.1






20.1
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2003









20.0






20.0
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2004







22.3

20.8






21.5
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2005







21.9

20.8






21.3
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2006







21.7

20.8






21.2
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







25.4

22.8
20.1





23.4
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2008







25.4

22.6
20.0





22.9
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







25.4

22.6
21.6





22.7
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







25.4

22.7
23.4
23.1




23.6
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2011








27.9
23.9
24.3
23.2




25.3
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2012








27.9
23.9
25.0





25.0
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2013







31.3
27.9
23.9
22.6





25.8
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2014







31.5
27.9
28.3
21.4





28.7
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2015







31.3
30.6
28.7
21.8





28.5
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







31.3
29.9
26.9
29.4





28.8
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







31.3
28.2
27.1
29.8





28.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-97	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2018








31.5
27.2
29.0





29.1
BMW
Truck
All
1975

















BMW
Truck
All
1976

















BMW
Truck
All
1977

















BMW
Truck
All
1978

















BMW
Truck
All
1979

















BMW
Truck
All
1980

















BMW
Truck
All
1981

















BMW
Truck
All
1982

















BMW
Truck
All
1983

















BMW
Truck
All
1984

















BMW
Truck
All
1985

















BMW
Truck
All
1986

















BMW
Truck
All
1987

















BMW
Truck
All
1988

















BMW
Truck
All
1989

















BMW
Truck
All
1990

















BMW
Truck
All
1991

















BMW
Truck
All
1992

















BMW
Truck
All
1993

















BMW
Truck
All
1994

















BMW
Truck
All
1995

















BMW
Truck
All
1996

















BMW
Truck
All
1997

















BMW
Truck
All
1998

















BMW
Truck
All
1999

















BMW
Truck
All
2000









17.5






17.5
BMW
Truck
All
2001








20.2
18.5






19.2
BMW
Truck
All
2002









20.1






20.1
BMW
Truck
All
2003









20.0






20.0
BMW
Truck
All
2004







22.3

20.8






21.5
BMW
Truck
All
2005







21.9

20.8






21.3
BMW
Truck
All
2006







21.7

20.8






21.2
BMW
Truck
All
2007







25.4

22.8
20.1





23.4
BMW
Truck
All
2008







25.4

22.6
20.0





22.9
BMW
Truck
All
2009







25.4

22.6
21.6





22.7
BMW
Truck
All
2010







25.4

22.7
23.4
23.1




23.6
BMW
Truck
All
2011








27.9
23.9
24.3
23.2




25.3
BMW
Truck
All
2012








27.9
23.9
25.0





25.0
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-98	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
Truck
All
2013







31.3
27.9
23.9
22.6





25.8
BMW
Truck
All
2014







31.5
27.9
28.3
21.4





28.7
BMW
Truck
All
2015







31.3
30.6
28.7
21.8





28.5
BMW
Truck
All
2016







31.3
29.9
26.9
29.4





28.8
BMW
Truck
All
2017







31.3
28.2
27.1
29.8





28.8
BMW
Truck
All
2018








31.5
27.2
29.0





29.1
BMW
All
All
1975




22.4

14.6



10.2





17.2
BMW
All
All
1976




21.4

16.4



11.3





18.4
BMW
All
All
1977




22.6

16.4



11.1





19.8
BMW
All
All
1978




21.5

16.3
15.0


10.8





19.2
BMW
All
All
1979




21.6

20.0
14.9


10.8





19.5
BMW
All
All
1980




28.9

21.3
18.8

11.3
10.7





25.0
BMW
All
All
1981




28.9

21.3
19.1

11.0
10.5





25.6
BMW
All
All
1982




29.0
24.4
21.2


11.1
10.1





25.4
BMW
All
All
1983




29.0
24.4
21.5


11.1
10.9





25.3
BMW
All
All
1984



30.7
29.0
26.8
22.5


11.1
11.0





27.0
BMW
All
All
1985




29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.4
BMW
All
All
1986





27.3
23.2
19.5

11.1
11.0
10.1




25.0
BMW
All
All
1987





25.8
22.7
19.4

11.4
10.9
10.4




23.9
BMW
All
All
1988





24.2
22.9
18.7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8




21.3
BMW
All
All
1989





23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.2





21.7
BMW
All
All
1990





23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7

13.3





21.9
BMW
All
All
1991




28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7

13.3





22.8
BMW
All
All
1992





28.2
24.3
22.5
16.7

13.9





23.8
BMW
All
All
1993





29.0
26.3
23.2
19.5

13.9
13.6




25.0
BMW
All
All
1994





29.5
26.5
22.5
18.9

14.0
13.9
13.6



24.9
BMW
All
All
1995





29.3
26.5
23.9
22.0

14.1
13.9
13.6



25.1
BMW
All
All
1996





30.3
26.7

21.8

15.9





27.1
BMW
All
All
1997





28.7
25.7
22.7
22.4

15.1

14.9



25.5
BMW
All
All
1998





27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4

15.0

13.8



25.2
BMW
All
All
1999





25.8
26.2
23.8
22.6
17.4
14.9





25.2
BMW
All
All
2000





25.6
25.8
23.2
22.4
17.5
16.1

15.2



24.3
BMW
All
All
2001





26.3
26.0
23.7
21.2
18.5
16.1

15.2



23.3
BMW
All
All
2002




35.5
29.6
26.5
24.4
23.6
20.1
16.1

15.2



24.7
BMW
All
All
2003




35.6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.0






25.2
BMW
All
All
2004




35.4
30.4
25.9
23.5
23.5
20.8
17.0





24.9
BMW
All
All
2005




35.2
31.3
25.7
23.2
23.3
20.8
17.0





25.1
BMW
All
All
2006




35.1
32.0
27.7
23.6
23.1
20.8
17.0





25.8
BMW
All
All
2007




39.8
35.0
28.3
25.7
22.3
22.8
20.0





26.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-99	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
BMW
All
All
2008




42.5
36.6
28.5
25.8
22.5
22.6
19.9





26.3
BMW
All
All
2009




42.5
38.7
28.2
26.2
21.9
22.3
21.4





27.3
BMW
All
All
2010




42.1
37.0
28.1
26.2
23.7
22.2
23.2
19.9




27.6
BMW
All
All
2011




41.8
39.2
29.4
27.9
28.2
23.3
24.3
19.5




28.4
BMW
All
All
2012




41.9
39.2
34.8
30.7
27.7
23.2
25.0
19.6




30.0
BMW
All
All
2013




41.7
38.9
34.9
32.1
27.6
24.1
22.6
18.5
17.4



30.8
BMW
All
All
2014




44.0
44.4
38.2
33.6
28.9
27.5
21.2
18.5
17.4



33.2
BMW
All
All
2015




44.3
41.1
38.3
33.1
29.3
28.2
21.6
18.6
17.4



33.2
BMW
All
All
2016




43.0
39.8
37.3
32.9
29.3
26.6
28.9
18.5
17.4



32.4
BMW
All
All
2017




43.0
42.2
39.8
33.5
28.7
27.0
29.0
17.9
17.4



32.8
BMW
All
All
2018




43.0
43.5
40.7
34.4
31.3
27.1
28.7
17.7




33.6
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975



24.5
15.9
15.7










17.1
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976



29.8
21.5
20.2










21.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977


36.5
29.9
22.0
22.4










29.3
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978


36.3
22.5

20.3










35.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979


33.5
31.4
21.6











25.6
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980


32.8
28.7
23.0











26.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

38.5
35.1
25.3
31.0











31.1
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982


37.2
24.4
29.4











29.4
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983


38.6
24.2
30.5











28.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984


37.4
23.0
29.9











30.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985


37.2
22.7
30.0











29.7
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986


33.4
33.2
29.7
24.0










29.4
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987


34.0
33.4
31.0
23.5










29.2
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988


33.1
32.7

27.3
23.8









28.4
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989


33.2
32.6

28.7
24.0









29.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990



32.6
32.6
28.9
23.0
22.9








29.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991



32.7
32.6
29.1
23.0
22.9








30.2
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992



33.2
31.8
29.5
22.7
24.4








30.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993



33.3
32.3
28.4

24.4








30.1
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994



29.7
32.8
28.9

24.4








30.3
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995



30.1
35.8
29.7
26.1
24.4








30.6
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996



29.4
36.3
30.1
26.0









31.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997



29.5
34.1
30.3
26.0









30.8
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998




33.7
29.4
26.2









30.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999



31.1
33.6
29.1
26.2









30.2
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000



31.1
33.2
28.5
26.3









30.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001




31.8
29.6
26.1









29.3
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002




29.2
30.6
26.1









29.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-100	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003




29.1
31.6
27.9









30.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004




27.9
32.1
25.9

22.5







28.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005




28.2
32.2
27.2









29.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006




30.6
33.4
27.9
24.9








30.3
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007




30.2
33.3
28.7
24.9








31.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008




30.0
33.5
29.8









32.0
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009




31.1
33.5
30.6
25.6








31.2
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010




31.0
35.8
31.8
25.8








33.4
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011



39.9
31.0
36.0
32.0
26.3








34.5
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012



41.2
31.1
41.1
32.0
26.2








37.8
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013



41.1
31.0
41.1
30.6
26.1








38.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014



41.1
31.0
45.2
40.3









42.4
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015




30.9
45.3
40.6









42.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016



40.5
40.7
44.4
40.8









42.9
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017



40.7
40.0
42.3
39.6









40.8
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018



41.5
40.0
42.3
40.7
35.3








40.3
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1975

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1976

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1977

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1978

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1979

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1980

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1981

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1982

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1983

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1984

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1985

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1986

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1987

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1988

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1989

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1990

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1991

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1992







21.4








21.4
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1993







21.8








21.8
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1994







21.4








21.4
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1995

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1996

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1997

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-101	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1998

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1999

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2000

















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2001






24.6









24.6
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2002






25.1









25.1
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2003






25.2









25.2
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2004






25.2









25.2
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2005






26.5









26.5
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2006






27.2









27.2
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2007







24.2








24.2
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2008






28.5
25.1








26.6
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2009






29.8
25.7








26.9
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2010






29.9
26.7








29.4
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2011






29.9
26.7








29.7
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2012







29.5








29.5
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2013






38.5









38.5
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2014






36.9









36.9
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2015






36.8









36.8
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2016






38.9









38.9
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2017







36.6








36.6
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2018







37.6








37.6
Mazda
Car
All
1975



24.5
15.9
15.7










17.1
Mazda
Car
All
1976



29.8
21.5
20.2










21.9
Mazda
Car
All
1977


36.5
29.9
22.0
22.4










29.3
Mazda
Car
All
1978


36.3
22.5

20.3










35.5
Mazda
Car
All
1979


33.5
31.4
21.6











25.6
Mazda
Car
All
1980


32.8
28.7
23.0











26.0
Mazda
Car
All
1981

38.5
35.1
25.3
31.0











31.1
Mazda
Car
All
1982


37.2
24.4
29.4











29.4
Mazda
Car
All
1983


38.6
24.2
30.5











28.9
Mazda
Car
All
1984


37.4
23.0
29.9











30.0
Mazda
Car
All
1985


37.2
22.7
30.0











29.7
Mazda
Car
All
1986


33.4
33.2
29.7
24.0










29.4
Mazda
Car
All
1987


34.0
33.4
31.0
23.5










29.2
Mazda
Car
All
1988


33.1
32.7

27.3
23.8









28.4
Mazda
Car
All
1989


33.2
32.6

28.7
24.0









29.5
Mazda
Car
All
1990



32.6
32.6
28.9
23.0
22.9








29.9
Mazda
Car
All
1991



32.7
32.6
29.1
23.0
22.9








30.2
Mazda
Car
All
1992



33.2
31.8
29.5
22.7
24.0








30.2
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-102	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Car
All
1993



33.3
32.3
28.4

24.2








30.0
Mazda
Car
All
1994



29.7
32.8
28.9

23.9








30.2
Mazda
Car
All
1995



30.1
35.8
29.7
26.1
24.4








30.6
Mazda
Car
All
1996



29.4
36.3
30.1
26.0









31.5
Mazda
Car
All
1997



29.5
34.1
30.3
26.0









30.8
Mazda
Car
All
1998




33.7
29.4
26.2









30.0
Mazda
Car
All
1999



31.1
33.6
29.1
26.2









30.2
Mazda
Car
All
2000



31.1
33.2
28.5
26.3









30.0
Mazda
Car
All
2001




31.8
29.6
25.4









28.4
Mazda
Car
All
2002




29.2
30.6
25.7









28.9
Mazda
Car
All
2003




29.1
31.6
27.0









29.2
Mazda
Car
All
2004




27.9
32.1
25.8

22.5







27.8
Mazda
Car
All
2005




28.2
32.2
27.0









29.0
Mazda
Car
All
2006




30.6
33.4
27.7
24.9








30.0
Mazda
Car
All
2007




30.2
33.3
28.7
24.2








29.9
Mazda
Car
All
2008




30.0
33.5
29.5
25.1








30.9
Mazda
Car
All
2009




31.1
33.5
30.5
25.6








30.7
Mazda
Car
All
2010




31.0
35.8
31.3
26.3








32.8
Mazda
Car
All
2011



39.9
31.0
36.0
31.1
26.5








33.4
Mazda
Car
All
2012



41.2
31.1
41.1
32.0
29.0








37.4
Mazda
Car
All
2013



41.1
31.0
41.1
35.3
26.1








38.9
Mazda
Car
All
2014



41.1
31.0
45.2
38.7









41.0
Mazda
Car
All
2015




30.9
45.3
39.0









41.4
Mazda
Car
All
2016



40.5
40.7
44.4
39.7









41.6
Mazda
Car
All
2017



40.7
40.0
42.3
39.6
36.6








39.9
Mazda
Car
All
2018



41.5
40.0
42.3
40.7
36.8








39.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
1975

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1976

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1977

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1978

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1979

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1980

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1981

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1982

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1983

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1984

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1985

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1986

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1987

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-103	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Truck
Van
1988

















Mazda
Truck
Van
1989






24.9
22.5








22.5
Mazda
Truck
Van
1990






24.4
20.2








20.2
Mazda
Truck
Van
1991






24.7
20.3








20.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
1992






24.7
21.8
19.1







21.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
1993







21.7
19.1







21.4
Mazda
Truck
Van
1994







21.6
19.5







21.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
1995







21.3
19.4







20.9
Mazda
Truck
Van
1996







21.4
19.2







20.8
Mazda
Truck
Van
1997







21.4
19.2







20.5
Mazda
Truck
Van
1998







21.3
19.2







20.0
Mazda
Truck
Van
1999

















Mazda
Truck
Van
2000







23.1








23.1
Mazda
Truck
Van
2001







23.2








23.2
Mazda
Truck
Van
2002







23.7








23.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
2003







23.8








23.8
Mazda
Truck
Van
2004







23.7








23.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
2005







23.7








23.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
2006







23.6








23.6
Mazda
Truck
Van
2007

















Mazda
Truck
Van
2008






30.7









30.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
2009






30.3









30.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
2010






30.7









30.7
Mazda
Truck
Van
2011

















Mazda
Truck
Van
2012






32.3









32.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
2013






32.2









32.2
Mazda
Truck
Van
2014






32.3









32.3
Mazda
Truck
Van
2015






32.4









32.4
Mazda
Truck
Van
2016

















Mazda
Truck
Van
2017

















Mazda
Truck
Van
2018

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-104	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991







21.3
20.0







20.5
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992








20.5







20.5
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993








20.6







20.6
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994







21.2
20.1







20.3
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000

















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001






23.6









23.6
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002






23.8









23.8
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003






23.6









23.6
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004






23.7









23.7
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005






25.1
23.8








24.0
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






26.6
24.1








24.8
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007







23.7
22.5







23.2
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






28.4
24.2
22.9







23.5
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009







24.4
22.6







23.1
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010







25.6
22.7







23.2
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






29.6
25.1
24.5







24.6
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012







25.1
24.5







24.5
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






36.9

24.5







29.8
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






36.8
34.8
24.5







31.2
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






36.8
34.8
24.6







31.5
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016







34.6
30.6







34.2
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017







34.4
30.4







33.7
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018







35.4
30.7







33.8
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1975





16.8










16.8
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1976





18.2










18.2
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1977





24.5










24.5
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-105	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1978





31.7










31.7
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1979





30.2










30.2
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1980




30.2
30.1










30.1
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1981




30.8
31.1










31.0
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1982




30.6
32.1










31.6
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1983




30.8
30.5










30.6
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1984




29.6
29.8










29.7
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1985

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1986





27.7










27.7
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1987





27.2
20.7









26.2
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1988





26.7
21.9









26.4
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1989





26.7
22.6









26.2
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1990





26.8
23.2
21.3








25.9
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1991





26.8
23.6
21.3








25.6
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1992





26.8
23.5
21.3








25.6
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1993





26.8
22.3
21.3








25.9
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1994





29.8
25.6
21.0








24.5
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1995






28.0
22.6








26.8
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1996

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1997

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1998






26.1
21.1








24.8
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1999






26.0
20.8








24.0
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2000






25.2
20.7








23.8
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2001






24.0
20.4








23.1
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2002






26.2
21.1








23.5
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2003






28.1
21.7








24.9
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2004






28.1
21.5








25.0
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2005






28.1
21.3








25.0
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2006






28.4
21.6








26.0
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2007






28.5
21.1








26.2
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2008






28.5
20.0








26.3
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2009






30.0
19.0








28.5
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2010

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2011

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2012

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2013

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2014

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2015

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2016

















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-106	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2017

















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2018

















Mazda
Truck
All
1975





16.8










16.8
Mazda
Truck
All
1976





18.2










18.2
Mazda
Truck
All
1977





24.5










24.5
Mazda
Truck
All
1978





31.7










31.7
Mazda
Truck
All
1979





30.2










30.2
Mazda
Truck
All
1980




30.2
30.1










30.1
Mazda
Truck
All
1981




30.8
31.1










31.0
Mazda
Truck
All
1982




30.6
32.1










31.6
Mazda
Truck
All
1983




30.8
30.5










30.6
Mazda
Truck
All
1984




29.6
29.8










29.7
Mazda
Truck
All
1985

















Mazda
Truck
All
1986





27.7










27.7
Mazda
Truck
All
1987





27.2
20.7









26.2
Mazda
Truck
All
1988





26.7
21.9









26.4
Mazda
Truck
All
1989





26.7
22.6
22.5








25.2
Mazda
Truck
All
1990





26.8
23.2
20.2








23.3
Mazda
Truck
All
1991





26.8
23.6
20.4
20.0







22.8
Mazda
Truck
All
1992





26.8
23.5
21.8
19.6







23.2
Mazda
Truck
All
1993





26.8
22.3
21.7
19.9







23.3
Mazda
Truck
All
1994





29.8
25.6
21.2
19.8







23.6
Mazda
Truck
All
1995






28.0
21.6
19.4







24.4
Mazda
Truck
All
1996







21.4
19.2







20.8
Mazda
Truck
All
1997







21.4
19.2







20.5
Mazda
Truck
All
1998






26.1
21.2
19.2







23.4
Mazda
Truck
All
1999






26.0
20.8








24.0
Mazda
Truck
All
2000






25.2
22.7








23.3
Mazda
Truck
All
2001






23.8
22.7








23.3
Mazda
Truck
All
2002






24.5
22.9








23.7
Mazda
Truck
All
2003






24.9
23.3








24.0
Mazda
Truck
All
2004






24.8
23.4








24.0
Mazda
Truck
All
2005






26.5
23.6








24.0
Mazda
Truck
All
2006






27.5
23.6








24.5
Mazda
Truck
All
2007






28.5
23.6
22.5







23.4
Mazda
Truck
All
2008






30.2
24.1
22.9







24.8
Mazda
Truck
All
2009






30.3
24.3
22.6







26.5
Mazda
Truck
All
2010






30.7
25.6
22.7







25.2
Mazda
Truck
All
2011






29.6
25.1
24.5







24.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-107	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
Truck
All
2012






32.3
25.1
24.5







27.8
Mazda
Truck
All
2013






35.0

24.5







30.4
Mazda
Truck
All
2014






33.6
34.8
24.5







31.4
Mazda
Truck
All
2015






32.6
34.8
24.6







31.6
Mazda
Truck
All
2016







34.6
30.6







34.2
Mazda
Truck
All
2017







34.4
30.4







33.7
Mazda
Truck
All
2018







35.4
30.7







33.8
Mazda
All
All
1975



24.5
15.9
15.8










17.1
Mazda
All
All
1976



29.8
21.5
19.8










21.3
Mazda
All
All
1977


36.5
29.9
22.0
23.0










28.8
Mazda
All
All
1978


36.3
22.5

27.7










35.3
Mazda
All
All
1979


33.5
31.4
21.6
30.2










25.8
Mazda
All
All
1980


32.8
28.7
23.2
30.1










26.2
Mazda
All
All
1981

38.5
35.1
25.3
31.0
31.1










31.1
Mazda
All
All
1982


37.2
24.4
29.6
32.1










29.7
Mazda
All
All
1983


38.6
24.2
30.6
30.5










29.4
Mazda
All
All
1984


37.4
23.0
29.8
29.8










29.9
Mazda
All
All
1985


37.2
22.7
30.0











29.7
Mazda
All
All
1986


33.4
33.2
29.7
26.9










28.7
Mazda
All
All
1987


34.0
33.4
31.0
26.2
20.7









27.7
Mazda
All
All
1988


33.1
32.7

27.1
23.5









27.9
Mazda
All
All
1989


33.2
32.6

27.8
23.6
22.5








27.7
Mazda
All
All
1990



32.6
32.6
28.2
23.1
20.8








27.4
Mazda
All
All
1991



32.7
32.6
28.4
23.5
20.7
20.0







27.1
Mazda
All
All
1992



33.2
31.8
28.2
23.5
22.8
19.6







27.7
Mazda
All
All
1993



33.3
32.3
28.1
22.3
22.6
19.9







28.6
Mazda
All
All
1994



29.7
32.8
29.0
25.6
21.7
19.8







27.5
Mazda
All
All
1995



30.1
35.8
29.7
26.7
22.1
19.4







29.5
Mazda
All
All
1996



29.4
36.3
30.1
26.0
21.4
19.2







30.3
Mazda
All
All
1997



29.5
34.1
30.3
26.0
21.4
19.2







29.8
Mazda
All
All
1998




33.7
29.4
26.1
21.2
19.2







27.9
Mazda
All
All
1999



31.1
33.6
29.1
26.1
20.8








28.9
Mazda
All
All
2000



31.1
33.2
28.5
25.9
22.7








27.6
Mazda
All
All
2001




31.8
29.6
24.6
22.7








26.3
Mazda
All
All
2002




29.2
30.6
25.2
22.9








27.4
Mazda
All
All
2003




29.1
31.6
26.4
23.3








27.4
Mazda
All
All
2004




27.9
32.1
25.7
23.4
22.5







27.0
Mazda
All
All
2005




28.2
32.2
27.0
23.6








27.9
Mazda
All
All
2006




30.6
33.4
27.7
24.0








29.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-108	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
Mazda
All
All
2007




30.2
33.3
28.7
24.0
22.5







28.6
Mazda
All
All
2008




30.0
33.5
29.6
24.6
22.9







29.2
Mazda
All
All
2009




31.1
33.5
30.4
25.3
22.6







29.3
Mazda
All
All
2010




31.0
35.8
31.2
26.0
22.7







30.9
Mazda
All
All
2011



39.9
31.0
36.0
31.1
25.7
24.5







31.7
Mazda
All
All
2012



41.2
31.1
41.1
32.1
28.9
24.5







34.6
Mazda
All
All
2013



41.1
31.0
41.1
35.2
26.1
24.5







36.1
Mazda
All
All
2014



41.1
31.0
45.2
38.0
34.8
24.5







37.9
Mazda
All
All
2015




30.9
45.3
38.3
34.8
24.6







38.1
Mazda
All
All
2016



40.5
40.7
44.4
39.7
34.6
30.6







38.8
Mazda
All
All
2017



40.7
40.0
42.3
39.6
35.2
30.4







37.9
Mazda
All
All
2018



41.5
40.0
42.3
40.7
36.1
30.7







37.6
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975

31.4
28.3
24.4
21.7
21.4
18.2
15.6
14.3
12.9
12.2





15.8
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976

32.6
29.6
26.2
24.5
23.5
19.4
17.7
15.7
14.6
13.3





17.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977

36.0
32.1
29.3
24.8
23.2
20.2
17.9
16.5
14.1
12.6





18.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978

34.9
31.9
27.9
24.8
22.5
20.2
18.0
16.3
14.6
12.8





19.9
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979

32.0
31.4
27.9
24.0
22.1
20.2
17.8
16.5
14.4
11.0





20.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980

33.0
32.4
28.0
26.1
23.6
20.7
18.8
19.0
12.5
10.7





23.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981

38.4
34.4
29.4
27.7
24.4
22.2
20.3
20.4
11.7
10.5





25.1
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982

40.3
35.6
31.2
28.8
25.7
22.4
20.6
21.0
11.2
10.1





26.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983

43.6
36.2
32.2
30.2
25.8
22.8
20.3
19.9
11.5
10.9





25.9
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984

44.3
37.1
32.7
30.1
26.4
22.9
20.6
20.2
11.2
11.0





26.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
57.4
44.4
37.5
32.8
30.6
27.1
23.4
21.7
21.0
10.9
11.0
10.1




27.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
55.9
36.6
38.5
33.7
30.6
27.5
24.4
22.1
21.5
10.7
11.0
10.1




27.9
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
56.8
40.0
39.0
33.4
30.8
27.9
24.6
21.7
22.3
11.4
10.9
10.4




28.1
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
51.6
43.6
38.9
34.1
31.5
28.4
25.4
22.2
22.6
12.3
12.2
11.8




28.6
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
59.4
43.5
38.7
34.4
31.8
28.4
25.1
23.0
21.8
12.4
12.5





28.1
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
65.3
47.5
39.6
35.1
31.9
28.6
25.5
23.0
20.3
10.9
13.1





27.8
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
65.3
47.1
38.1
35.8
32.5
28.1
25.4
23.3
20.9

13.2





28.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
65.3
47.3
39.7
35.9
32.6
28.4
25.6
23.4
22.1
17.3
14.1





27.6
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
65.3
48.6
38.7
36.5
33.0
28.7
26.0
23.6
22.1
18.9
15.6
17.6




28.2
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
65.8
48.9
39.6
36.0
33.6
29.1
26.1
23.5
22.4
20.4
17.7
13.9
13.6



28.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995

53.7
40.4
37.5
33.9
29.7
26.4
23.5
22.4
19.6
18.2
13.9
13.6



28.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996

52.3
38.9
37.4
33.9
29.9
26.5
23.9
22.9
19.9
17.8
14.9




28.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997

54.4
39.3
37.0
34.0
30.0
26.7
23.8
22.2
20.2
18.1
14.9
14.9



28.4
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998

53.6
39.0
37.3
34.5
30.1
27.1
23.8
22.0
20.2
17.0
14.9
13.8



28.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999

50.3
38.6
35.9
34.6
30.1
27.2
24.2
22.2
19.7
14.9
19.3




28.2
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000

61.6
39.6
36.7
34.3
30.6
27.1
24.4
21.9
18.3
18.1
15.0
15.2



28.2
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001

75.6
39.3
36.2
35.9
31.6
27.2
24.6
22.0
18.2
16.1
17.6
15.2



28.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-109	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002

75.3
51.5
37.3
36.3
31.4
27.7
24.8
22.3
19.1
16.1
17.6
15.2



28.6
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003

75.1
50.8
40.8
37.1
32.8
28.0
25.1
23.2
20.3

18.2
15.2



29.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004

73.8
64.5
40.8
36.9
33.5
28.1
25.4
22.9
21.7
18.8
18.5
18.9



28.9
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005

74.3
34.1
41.1
37.3
34.2
28.9
25.7
23.1
21.7
16.7
17.3




29.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006

73.8
34.3
41.6
37.8
34.9
29.2
26.0
22.6
21.5
19.9
15.4
17.9



29.2
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007


29.9
42.4
38.2
36.4
29.9
27.0
22.5
20.9
20.5
16.2
19.1



30.3
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008

49.5
29.9
42.1
37.9
37.5
30.6
26.9
22.4
20.2
21.6
16.4
16.6



30.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009

49.5
30.0
42.0
38.3
38.4
31.7
27.5
23.3
21.2
20.6
16.4
16.6



32.1
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010

49.1
29.8
42.0
39.0
38.2
34.6
27.7
24.1
21.6
18.7
17.1
14.5



33.2
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011

53.2
29.9
41.1
40.4
38.6
34.9
28.3
24.8
22.1
20.2
18.1
18.9



32.9
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012

49.5
52.3
42.9
44.4
40.2
36.0
29.4
25.7
22.7
31.7
17.9
15.5



35.4
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013

49.8
60.7
43.2
44.2
40.3
37.5
31.5
26.9
24.1
21.4
19.6
16.3



36.4
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014

49.7
56.7
44.0
45.5
41.3
37.9
31.5
27.7
26.3
21.0
19.6
16.4



36.6
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015

49.7
56.2
44.9
45.5
41.8
39.2
32.0
26.4
32.2
21.1
20.3
16.7



37.5
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016


152.8
45.3
45.3
42.6
38.9
32.3
26.8
39.2
22.4
20.3
17.2



37.8
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017


55.7
47.9
44.4
43.7
39.7
34.2
26.5
38.3
26.4
20.1
17.1



39.0
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018


55.3
47.0
46.4
43.6
41.8
37.1
29.6
35.7
29.6
19.9
17.2



40.2
All
Car
Car SUV
1975







13.1








13.1
All
Car
Car SUV
1976






14.3
12.3








12.4
All
Car
Car SUV
1977







14.3








14.3
All
Car
Car SUV
1978







13.6








13.6
All
Car
Car SUV
1979




20.8


13.3








16.8
All
Car
Car SUV
1980







17.2








17.2
All
Car
Car SUV
1981







17.3








17.3
All
Car
Car SUV
1982



23.6

25.8
16.6
19.3








23.4
All
Car
Car SUV
1983



23.2


25.1









24.3
All
Car
Car SUV
1984



22.6

28.3
23.5
16.7








22.6
All
Car
Car SUV
1985





23.4
23.5









23.5
All
Car
Car SUV
1986





25.7
22.1









22.3
All
Car
Car SUV
1987





26.4
22.8









22.9
All
Car
Car SUV
1988





26.3
22.7









22.7
All
Car
Car SUV
1989





24.9
22.7









22.7
All
Car
Car SUV
1990



32.2

25.0
22.4
20.9








22.5
All
Car
Car SUV
1991



30.7

23.3
21.8
21.2








21.8
All
Car
Car SUV
1992



29.6
29.2
24.8
20.9
20.9








21.4
All
Car
Car SUV
1993



29.3
29.1
25.2
20.3
20.1








20.4
All
Car
Car SUV
1994



29.0
28.0
25.6
21.4
21.1








21.8
All
Car
Car SUV
1995



29.7
27.7
27.9
20.1
21.0








21.5
All
Car
Car SUV
1996



29.3
28.8
28.7
21.6
21.4








22.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-110	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Car
Car SUV
1997



28.4
29.6
28.0
22.2
21.1








23.5
All
Car
Car SUV
1998



28.5
29.3
29.7
24.0
21.4








22.3
All
Car
Car SUV
1999




31.0
29.9
24.3
21.9








22.7
All
Car
Car SUV
2000




31.1
29.7
24.0
21.3








22.0
All
Car
Car SUV
2001




31.0
29.7
24.6
22.1








23.3
All
Car
Car SUV
2002





30.6
25.5
22.5








24.0
All
Car
Car SUV
2003





29.9
26.5
23.1








24.8
All
Car
Car SUV
2004





30.9
27.0
24.2
21.0







24.9
All
Car
Car SUV
2005





30.9
27.2
24.8
21.7
19.1






25.4
All
Car
Car SUV
2006






28.3
25.0
21.5
20.7






25.7
All
Car
Car SUV
2007






29.0
25.3
23.4
20.6






25.9
All
Car
Car SUV
2008






28.9
26.3
23.7
20.9






26.6
All
Car
Car SUV
2009






29.9
27.2
24.0
19.2






27.8
All
Car
Car SUV
2010






30.8
30.4
25.6
33.6






29.1
All
Car
Car SUV
2011






31.3
30.2
26.5
32.3






29.9
All
Car
Car SUV
2012






31.7
29.9
25.7
40.3
88.5





29.6
All
Car
Car SUV
2013






34.0
31.8
26.8
40.4
89.9





31.1
All
Car
Car SUV
2014






33.7
31.2
26.6
23.5
89.9





31.4
All
Car
Car SUV
2015






35.5
31.9
26.5
40.3






32.3
All
Car
Car SUV
2016





41.4
36.0
32.2
26.5
25.3
124.7
116.8




33.8
All
Car
Car SUV
2017





37.5
36.1
32.5
27.8

126.4
118.4




33.6
All
Car
Car SUV
2018





37.5
36.7
33.0
28.7

126.2
117.4




34.8
All
Car
All
1975

31.4
28.3
24.4
21.7
21.4
18.2
15.6
14.3
12.9
12.2





15.8
All
Car
All
1976

32.6
29.6
26.2
24.5
23.5
19.4
17.6
15.7
14.6
13.3





17.5
All
Car
All
1977

36.0
32.1
29.3
24.8
23.2
20.2
17.9
16.5
14.1
12.6





18.3
All
Car
All
1978

34.9
31.9
27.9
24.8
22.5
20.2
17.9
16.3
14.6
12.8





19.9
All
Car
All
1979

32.0
31.4
27.9
23.9
22.1
20.2
17.7
16.5
14.4
11.0





20.2
All
Car
All
1980

33.0
32.4
28.0
26.1
23.6
20.7
18.8
19.0
12.5
10.7





23.5
All
Car
All
1981

38.4
34.4
29.4
27.7
24.4
22.2
20.3
20.4
11.7
10.5





25.1
All
Car
All
1982

40.3
35.6
31.1
28.8
25.7
22.4
20.6
21.0
11.2
10.1





26.0
All
Car
All
1983

43.6
36.2
32.0
30.2
25.8
22.9
20.3
19.9
11.5
10.9





25.9
All
Car
All
1984

44.3
37.1
32.6
30.1
26.4
22.9
20.5
20.2
11.2
11.0





26.3
All
Car
All
1985
57.4
44.4
37.5
32.8
30.6
27.1
23.4
21.7
21.0
10.9
11.0
10.1




26.9
All
Car
All
1986
55.9
36.6
38.5
33.7
30.6
27.5
24.4
22.1
21.5
10.7
11.0
10.1




27.9
All
Car
All
1987
56.8
40.0
39.0
33.4
30.8
27.9
24.5
21.7
22.3
11.4
10.9
10.4




28.0
All
Car
All
1988
51.6
43.6
38.9
34.1
31.5
28.4
25.2
22.2
22.6
12.3
12.2
11.8




28.5
All
Car
All
1989
59.4
43.5
38.7
34.4
31.8
28.4
25.0
23.0
21.8
12.4
12.5





28.1
All
Car
All
1990
65.3
47.5
39.6
35.1
31.9
28.6
25.4
23.0
20.3
10.9
13.1





27.7
All
Car
All
1991
65.3
47.1
38.1
35.7
32.5
28.1
25.2
23.1
20.9

13.2





27.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-lll	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Car
All
1992
65.3
47.3
39.7
35.6
32.6
28.4
25.4
23.1
22.1
17.3
14.1





27.4
All
Car
All
1993
65.3
48.6
38.7
36.2
33.0
28.7
25.8
22.6
22.1
18.9
15.6
17.6




27.6
All
Car
All
1994
65.8
48.9
39.6
35.5
33.6
29.1
25.9
23.1
22.4
20.4
17.7
13.9
13.6



27.7
All
Car
All
1995

53.7
40.4
37.2
33.9
29.7
26.3
23.2
22.4
19.6
18.2
13.9
13.6



28.1
All
Car
All
1996

52.3
38.9
37.3
33.8
29.9
26.4
23.5
22.9
19.9
17.8
14.9




28.0
All
Car
All
1997

54.4
39.3
36.9
34.0
29.8
26.6
23.5
22.2
20.2
18.1
14.9
14.9



28.2
All
Car
All
1998

53.6
39.0
36.9
34.5
30.1
27.0
23.1
22.0
20.2
17.0
14.9
13.8



28.1
All
Car
All
1999

50.3
38.6
35.9
34.6
30.1
27.1
23.6
22.2
19.7
14.9
19.3




27.8
All
Car
All
2000

61.6
39.6
36.7
34.3
30.6
27.1
23.5
21.9
18.3
18.1
15.0
15.2



27.7
All
Car
All
2001

75.6
39.3
36.2
35.9
31.5
27.1
23.9
22.0
18.2
16.1
17.6
15.2



27.9
All
Car
All
2002

75.3
51.5
37.3
36.3
31.4
27.6
24.2
22.3
19.1
16.1
17.6
15.2



28.3
All
Car
All
2003

75.1
50.8
40.8
37.1
32.8
27.9
24.6
23.2
20.3

18.2
15.2



28.7
All
Car
All
2004

73.8
64.5
40.8
36.9
33.4
28.1
25.1
22.6
21.7
18.8
18.5
18.9



28.5
All
Car
All
2005

74.3
34.1
41.1
37.3
34.1
28.8
25.5
23.0
21.3
16.7
17.3




29.1
All
Car
All
2006

73.8
34.3
41.6
37.8
34.9
29.1
25.9
22.5
21.2
19.9
15.4
17.9



28.9
All
Car
All
2007


29.9
42.4
38.2
36.4
29.9
26.6
22.8
20.8
20.5
16.2
19.1



29.8
All
Car
All
2008

49.5
29.9
42.1
37.9
37.5
30.4
26.8
22.8
20.5
21.6
16.4
16.6



30.1
All
Car
All
2009

49.5
30.0
42.0
38.3
38.4
31.5
27.5
23.5
20.8
20.6
16.4
16.6



31.6
All
Car
All
2010

49.1
29.8
42.0
39.0
38.2
34.0
28.1
24.9
23.8
18.7
17.1
14.5



32.6
All
Car
All
2011

53.2
29.9
41.1
40.4
38.6
34.3
28.7
25.5
23.2
20.2
18.1
18.9



32.3
All
Car
All
2012

49.5
52.3
42.9
44.4
40.2
35.5
29.6
25.7
23.4
31.7
17.9
15.5



34.4
All
Car
All
2013

49.8
60.7
43.2
44.2
40.3
37.1
31.6
26.9
25.5
21.8
19.6
16.3



35.5
All
Car
All
2014

49.7
56.7
44.0
45.5
41.3
37.1
31.4
27.3
25.3
21.7
19.6
16.4



35.6
All
Car
All
2015

49.7
56.2
44.9
45.5
41.8
38.5
32.0
26.4
32.6
21.1
20.3
16.7



36.5
All
Car
All
2016


152.8
45.3
45.3
42.5
38.1
32.3
26.7
37.4
74.3
23.3
17.2



36.9
All
Car
All
2017


55.7
47.9
44.4
43.7
38.8
33.5
27.0
38.3
72.4
49.9
17.1



37.6
All
Car
All
2018


55.3
47.0
46.4
43.6
40.5
35.9
29.4
35.7
57.7
57.6
17.2



39.1
All
Truck
Van
1975





21.2
19.0
14.0
11.6
12.0

11.1
10.6



13.1
All
Truck
Van
1976






19.5
14.1
13.3
12.4
11.1
11.9
11.5



13.9
All
Truck
Van
1977






20.2
16.1
13.5
12.4

13.0
12.3



14.7
All
Truck
Van
1978






19.4
15.6
13.0
12.5

12.5
11.7



14.2
All
Truck
Van
1979






18.7
16.5
13.6
11.8
11.4
10.6




13.5
All
Truck
Van
1980






19.0
18.4
16.3
14.2
12.4
10.9




16.6
All
Truck
Van
1981






19.3
18.7
17.1
14.8
12.3





17.5
All
Truck
Van
1982






20.9
18.8
16.8
15.1
13.4
11.9




17.3
All
Truck
Van
1983


39.0



19.5
18.8
17.3
17.1
18.2
12.6




17.7
All
Truck
Van
1984


38.6

29.8
25.7
24.2
18.0
17.0
15.6
14.5
12.9




18.9
All
Truck
Van
1985




29.8
26.1
23.5
19.8
16.1
15.4
12.9
21.3




19.5
All
Truck
Van
1986




29.4
26.9
24.3
21.1
17.5
16.0
15.0
23.1




20.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-H2	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Truck
Van
1987




29.3
26.6
24.1
21.7
17.3
15.9
14.6
22.9




20.9
All
Truck
Van
1988





27.4
24.5
22.2
17.9
16.7
14.2
21.7




21.2
All
Truck
Van
1989





26.3
24.3
22.5
17.5
16.5
14.4
21.3




21.1
All
Truck
Van
1990





26.4
25.2
22.2
18.7
16.5
14.4
21.5




21.2
All
Truck
Van
1991





26.2
25.3
22.5
19.1
16.6
15.2
20.4




21.4
All
Truck
Van
1992





28.3
25.7
22.6
19.2
17.5
15.9
15.0




21.5
All
Truck
Van
1993





28.5
25.3
22.6
19.8
17.7
16.1
21.3




21.9
All
Truck
Van
1994





28.4
24.7
22.7
19.3
17.6
16.2
15.5




21.5
All
Truck
Van
1995





27.7
25.1
22.9
19.1
17.8
16.2
16.1




21.8
All
Truck
Van
1996





27.7
27.0
23.5
20.6
17.8
15.8
16.1




22.2
All
Truck
Van
1997






24.2
23.4
20.7
19.0
17.3
16.5




22.1
All
Truck
Van
1998






27.0
23.8
21.5
18.6
17.4
16.6




22.7
All
Truck
Van
1999






26.9
23.9
22.1
18.2
17.5
16.2




22.3
All
Truck
Van
2000







24.2
22.3
18.4
17.2
16.3




22.8
All
Truck
Van
2001







24.6
23.5
19.1
17.4
16.0




22.1
All
Truck
Van
2002







24.9
23.3
18.7
17.5
17.1




23.1
All
Truck
Van
2003







25.4
23.6
19.3
18.2
18.5




23.5
All
Truck
Van
2004







25.1
24.2
20.4
19.1
18.7




23.7
All
Truck
Van
2005







25.5
24.1
20.7
19.3
18.2




24.0
All
Truck
Van
2006







25.7
24.5
19.9
19.2
18.2




24.3
All
Truck
Van
2007







25.9
24.2
20.4
19.2
18.1




24.2
All
Truck
Van
2008






30.7

24.7
23.9
19.3
17.6




24.6
All
Truck
Van
2009






30.3

24.7
25.3
17.8
17.7




25.0
All
Truck
Van
2010






30.5

24.4
25.3
18.6
18.4




25.0
All
Truck
Van
2011






30.1

26.6
22.9
18.3
17.8
14.4
15.4


26.3
All
Truck
Van
2012






31.3

26.7
22.6
18.1
17.9
15.7
15.0
14.5

26.6
All
Truck
Van
2013






31.1

26.6
25.0
18.5
17.8
14.5
15.1


26.3
All
Truck
Van
2014






32.6
30.3
26.8
22.7
18.5
18.0
15.5
15.2


26.6
All
Truck
Van
2015






33.6
30.6
27.0
24.3

20.8
16.5
15.4


27.4
All
Truck
Van
2016






32.3
29.5
27.0
25.1
20.1
20.0
16.0
17.4


27.2
All
Truck
Van
2017






33.3
29.4
27.6
28.0

19.5
15.5
15.3


28.0
All
Truck
Van
2018






33.0
29.7
28.0
31.0

20.1




29.0
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1975




16.8


13.2
13.5
11.1
10.5
10.3




13.0
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1976




17.8
15.4

13.8
13.9
12.8
11.2
11.9




13.9
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1977




18.6
16.8

14.7
15.4
13.6
11.7
11.9




15.1
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1978




18.1
16.8

14.5
14.7
13.0
11.8
11.4




14.5
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1979

25.7



17.2
15.6
15.7
12.9
11.4
10.6





12.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1980

25.2



19.7
16.3
15.9
14.5
14.0
13.8
13.4




15.5
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1981

25.2



20.9
17.2
16.9
15.8
15.3
14.1





16.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-113	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1982

25.2
24.8


20.2

19.4
15.7
15.1
21.2
21.2




17.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1983

25.2
24.8


20.5
23.4
21.9
15.7
15.7
20.2
20.8




18.5
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1984


28.8


22.6
21.3
22.1
14.8
15.3
17.9
21.0




19.0
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1985


28.8


24.5
21.8
22.0
15.0
15.7
16.1
21.4




19.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1986


33.1

25.6
22.8
21.8
21.1
15.6
16.4
15.7
22.1




20.1
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1987


33.1


22.4
22.2
20.4
14.6
15.7
16.8
20.9




20.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1988


33.3


22.3
20.9
20.8
15.0
16.1
16.5
18.3




20.2
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1989


33.4
31.3
29.3
22.1
20.3
21.2
14.9
15.9
17.5
15.8




19.7
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1990



31.8
28.7
23.3
20.5
20.5
17.5
16.0
17.3
16.0




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1991



33.5
28.9
27.1
19.8
20.8
19.8
15.8
17.2
15.7
20.2



20.0
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1992



33.5
28.9
23.7
19.4
20.2
19.4
15.7
16.3
14.9




19.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1993



33.5
29.0
24.0
19.6
21.3
19.7
16.1
16.8
15.8




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1994



33.5
28.7
23.5
19.4
18.9
19.9
16.5
16.8
16.1




19.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1995



30.5
28.4
23.3
19.8
19.0
19.9
17.0
16.9
15.7




19.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1996




28.4
28.0
19.9
19.3
20.2
17.0
17.4
16.8




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1997




28.3
27.8
22.7
19.9
19.8
18.0
17.4
16.7




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1998




28.4
27.4
24.0
20.2
20.1
17.3
17.0
16.1




19.7
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





28.3
25.7
20.8
19.7
17.4
17.5
16.5




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2000





28.0
24.0
20.9
19.9
17.6
18.2
16.6




19.6
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2001





27.7
24.8
21.3
20.4
17.1
18.5
16.8




20.2
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2002





27.8
25.9
21.6
19.9
18.9
18.4
17.7




20.1
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2003





27.8
26.0
22.8
20.7
19.3
18.3
17.4




20.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2004





23.7
26.3
22.3
21.3
19.6
18.4
17.4




20.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2005





23.5
26.9
23.2
21.6
19.5
18.6
18.2




20.8
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2006






28.0
23.5
22.7
20.0
18.7
18.1




21.4
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2007






28.8
25.5
22.5
20.4
19.0
19.8




22.0
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2008






29.8
26.4
23.0
21.4
19.4
19.5
18.4



22.7
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2009






29.2
27.5
23.5
22.6
21.1
19.8
18.3



24.1
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2010






29.4
28.3
23.9
23.2
22.2
20.2
18.4



24.7
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2011






30.7
28.8
24.4
24.0
21.6
20.7
18.6
15.4

16.4
24.9
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2012






30.8
29.1
24.7
24.3
21.6
20.7
18.6
15.4

16.4
25.1
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2013






32.6
31.0
25.7
24.7
21.7
21.0
18.5
16.2

16.4
26.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2014






33.6
31.4
26.0
25.1
22.8
21.1
18.5
19.9

16.4
27.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2015






34.4
32.7
26.3
25.2
22.6
22.6
21.6
19.9


27.8
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2016






34.4
33.2
26.7
24.7
24.7
22.4
21.4



28.2
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2017






36.0
32.6
27.1
25.5
23.8
22.5
21.1
15.2


28.3
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2018





40.6
36.2
33.3
28.1
26.5
24.1
23.0
21.5
14.2


29.5
All
Truck
Pickup
1975




22.7
20.7
15.1
14.1
11.8
11.0
10.0





14.0
All
Truck
Pickup
1976




24.1
22.3
16.5
15.3
12.6
11.7
11.4





14.6
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-114	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Truck
Pickup
1977




25.7
28.6
17.1
16.7
13.7
12.9
11.8





16.0
All
Truck
Pickup
1978



27.2
25.8
27.5
18.5
16.1
13.6
12.8
12.1
12.6
11.8



15.7
All
Truck
Pickup
1979


25.0
27.5
22.7
23.9
18.9
15.9
14.2
12.9
11.3
10.9




15.5
All
Truck
Pickup
1980

25.2
32.0
25.8
25.2
23.6
18.7
18.7
15.7
15.9
13.3
9.9
12.0



19.4
All
Truck
Pickup
1981

25.2
41.5
28.4
27.9
27.1
21.3
19.2
16.8
16.9
13.3





21.0
All
Truck
Pickup
1982


43.1
29.7
28.3
26.4
22.3
18.7
17.1
18.9
22.4





21.7
All
Truck
Pickup
1983


39.2
32.6
28.8
26.4
23.4
18.5
17.0
18.0
22.1





22.2
All
Truck
Pickup
1984


28.8
28.1
28.2
26.6
22.7
18.5
16.8
17.4
21.9





21.5
All
Truck
Pickup
1985



29.6
29.9
26.3
23.3
18.5
16.8
16.3
21.1
19.6




21.4
All
Truck
Pickup
1986



30.0
29.5
26.8
23.2
19.2
17.4
16.3
21.1





22.2
All
Truck
Pickup
1987



29.8
29.7
27.0
22.9
19.1
17.2
16.0
21.1





22.5
All
Truck
Pickup
1988




27.8
27.4
22.8
19.7
17.8
16.4
16.9
19.6




21.5
All
Truck
Pickup
1989




27.6
27.6
22.6
20.1
17.8
16.0
19.2
21.2




21.2
All
Truck
Pickup
1990




26.0
28.2
23.1
20.2
18.0
16.4
18.6
20.5




20.7
All
Truck
Pickup
1991





27.5
23.9
20.4
18.1
16.2
17.5
19.5




21.7
All
Truck
Pickup
1992




28.2
27.1
24.7
20.4
18.4
16.7
16.3





20.9
All
Truck
Pickup
1993





27.4
24.5
20.5
19.0
16.9
17.0





21.1
All
Truck
Pickup
1994





28.0
25.3
20.9
18.7
17.0
16.9
18.1




21.0
All
Truck
Pickup
1995





27.3
26.3
20.9
18.6
16.8
15.9
18.1




20.4
All
Truck
Pickup
1996





27.2
26.3
21.6
18.9
17.3
15.3
18.7




20.8
All
Truck
Pickup
1997





26.6
27.0
21.5
19.8
18.2
17.0
18.7




20.4
All
Truck
Pickup
1998





27.3
26.1
21.3
19.8
17.6
16.4
15.6




20.7
All
Truck
Pickup
1999





27.2
24.9
20.7
19.9
18.1
16.3
16.8




19.9
All
Truck
Pickup
2000





26.7
24.9
20.8
20.0
18.4
16.3
15.8




20.5
All
Truck
Pickup
2001





27.1
24.5
20.7
20.0
18.6
16.3
15.8




19.6
All
Truck
Pickup
2002





27.7
24.9
20.9
19.8
18.7
17.0
17.5




19.5
All
Truck
Pickup
2003





27.7
25.7
21.4
20.2
18.9
17.2
17.6




19.9
All
Truck
Pickup
2004





27.6
25.9
21.8
20.5
19.2
17.9
18.1




19.6
All
Truck
Pickup
2005






25.9
23.1
20.8
19.4
18.3
18.0
16.3



19.7
All
Truck
Pickup
2006






26.1
23.4
21.3
19.9
18.7
17.6
15.2



20.1
All
Truck
Pickup
2007






26.0
22.8
21.4
20.0
19.5
18.5
15.1



20.1
All
Truck
Pickup
2008






26.7
23.2
21.5
20.3
20.1
18.7
16.0



20.5
All
Truck
Pickup
2009






27.9
24.2
22.1
20.8
20.4
19.2




21.0
All
Truck
Pickup
2010






27.7
23.9
22.0
20.9
20.8
19.5




20.9
All
Truck
Pickup
2011






27.7
23.5
21.9
21.4
21.1
20.3
16.2



21.4
All
Truck
Pickup
2012






27.5
25.8
22.3
21.5
21.0
20.4
16.7



21.3
All
Truck
Pickup
2013






29.3
25.9
22.9
22.3
21.5
20.9
16.7



21.7
All
Truck
Pickup
2014






29.3
25.9
23.5
23.9
23.0
20.9
16.7



22.4
All
Truck
Pickup
2015







26.4
24.5
23.7
23.2
21.2




23.5
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-115	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Truck
Pickup
2016







27.5
25.7
23.8
22.8
21.6




23.6
All
Truck
Pickup
2017







27.0
25.9
24.5
22.8
21.6




23.7
All
Truck
Pickup
2018







27.9
25.7
25.3
23.5
21.9




24.2
All
Truck
All
1975




21.0
20.7
16.1
14.1
11.9
11.1
10.0
10.9
10.6



13.7
All
Truck
All
1976




22.5
21.0
16.9
15.0
12.9
12.1
11.4
11.9
11.5



14.4
All
Truck
All
1977




24.2
26.0
17.5
16.5
13.8
13.1
11.8
12.4
12.3



15.6
All
Truck
All
1978



27.2
23.5
25.2
18.6
15.9
13.5
12.8
12.1
11.8
11.7



15.3
All
Truck
All
1979

25.7
25.0
27.5
22.7
21.9
16.9
16.0
13.9
12.3
11.1
10.8




14.7
All
Truck
All
1980

25.2
32.0
25.8
25.2
22.7
18.3
18.6
15.7
15.1
13.1
12.3
12.0



18.6
All
Truck
All
1981

25.2
41.5
28.4
27.9
25.9
20.9
19.1
16.8
15.8
13.7





20.1
All
Truck
All
1982

25.2
39.1
29.7
28.3
25.9
22.1
18.7
16.8
17.0
21.5
21.1




20.5
All
Truck
All
1983

25.2
28.4
32.6
28.8
25.7
23.2
19.0
17.0
17.0
20.4
20.2




20.8
All
Truck
All
1984


31.1
28.1
28.3
26.0
22.7
18.9
16.7
16.0
17.9
20.4




20.4
All
Truck
All
1985


28.8
29.6
29.9
26.2
23.0
19.6
16.4
15.9
16.1
21.4




20.5
All
Truck
All
1986


33.1
30.0
29.5
26.8
23.1
20.1
17.3
16.3
16.0
22.2




21.4
All
Truck
All
1987


33.1
29.8
29.7
26.9
23.0
20.5
17.1
15.9
16.7
21.2




21.6
All
Truck
All
1988


33.3

27.8
27.4
22.6
21.1
17.7
16.4
16.2
18.7




21.1
All
Truck
All
1989


33.4
31.3
27.6
27.4
22.5
21.5
17.6
16.1
17.2
15.8




20.9
All
Truck
All
1990



31.8
26.8
27.8
23.0
21.3
18.2
16.4
16.8
16.0




20.7
All
Truck
All
1991



33.5
28.9
27.5
23.0
21.5
18.8
16.2
16.7
15.8
20.2



21.2
All
Truck
All
1992



33.5
28.6
26.9
23.6
21.6
18.9
16.8
16.2
14.9




20.8
All
Truck
All
1993



33.5
29.0
27.1
23.9
21.9
19.3
17.0
16.6
15.8




21.0
All
Truck
All
1994



33.5
28.7
27.2
24.4
21.3
19.3
17.0
16.7
16.1




20.7
All
Truck
All
1995



30.5
28.4
25.7
24.9
21.4
19.2
17.0
16.6
15.8




20.5
All
Truck
All
1996




28.4
27.5
24.8
22.1
19.8
17.4
16.6
16.7




20.8
All
Truck
All
1997




28.3
26.9
25.1
21.9
19.9
18.3
17.2
16.7




20.5
All
Truck
All
1998




28.4
27.3
25.4
22.3
20.2
17.7
16.9
15.9




20.8
All
Truck
All
1999





27.5
25.2
22.1
20.3
17.9
17.0
16.7




20.3
All
Truck
All
2000





27.0
24.5
22.4
20.5
18.2
17.8
16.6




20.7
All
Truck
All
2001





27.2
24.7
22.1
20.9
18.4
17.6
16.5




20.3
All
Truck
All
2002





27.7
25.6
22.4
20.6
18.7
17.7
17.7




20.3
All
Truck
All
2003





27.7
25.9
23.2
21.3
19.1
17.8
17.5




20.7
All
Truck
All
2004





27.5
26.2
22.5
21.9
19.4
18.2
17.7




20.5
All
Truck
All
2005





23.5
26.6
23.8
22.4
19.6
18.4
18.1
16.3



21.0
All
Truck
All
2006






27.4
23.8
23.2
20.0
18.7
17.9
15.2



21.4
All
Truck
All
2007






27.6
24.9
23.0
20.2
19.4
19.3
15.1



21.6
All
Truck
All
2008






28.7
25.6
23.4
21.2
20.0
19.1
18.4



22.2
All
Truck
All
2009






29.0
26.8
23.6
22.6
20.5
19.5
18.3



23.1
All
Truck
All
2010






29.3
27.6
23.8
23.2
21.0
19.7
18.4



23.4
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-116	March 2019

-------
protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
a mAgency	Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
Truck
All
2011






30.1
27.9
24.8
23.6
21.2
20.5
18.0
15.4

16.4
23.9
All
Truck
All
2012






30.7
28.6
25.1
23.8
21.1
20.5
18.2
15.3
14.5
16.4
24.1
All
Truck
All
2013






32.3
30.4
25.6
24.3
21.5
20.9
18.0
16.0

16.4
24.8
All
Truck
All
2014






33.5
31.0
26.1
24.8
23.0
20.9
18.0
16.9

16.4
25.5
All
Truck
All
2015






34.3
32.0
26.2
24.7
23.1
22.1
21.5
16.6


26.5
All
Truck
All
2016






34.3
32.7
26.6
24.3
23.2
21.9
21.4
17.4


26.8
All
Truck
All
2017






35.8
32.3
26.9
25.4
22.9
22.0
21.1
15.2


26.9
All
Truck
All
2018





40.6
36.0
32.9
27.5
26.3
23.6
22.2
21.5
14.2


27.8
All
All
All
1975

31.4
28.3
24.4
21.4
21.4
18.1
14.8
13.8
12.6
12.0
10.9
10.6



15.3
All
All
All
1976

32.6
29.6
26.2
23.5
23.3
19.2
16.5
15.0
14.1
13.1
11.9
11.5



16.7
All
All
All
1977

36.0
32.1
29.3
24.5
23.6
19.9
17.5
15.9
13.9
12.4
12.4
12.3



17.7
All
All
All
1978

34.9
31.9
27.9
24.4
22.8
20.1
17.1
15.3
13.8
12.4
11.8
11.7



18.6
All
All
All
1979

32.0
31.4
27.9
23.5
22.1
20.1
17.3
15.4
12.7
11.1
10.8




18.7
All
All
All
1980

32.8
32.4
28.0
25.8
23.5
20.6
18.8
17.1
15.1
13.1
12.3
12.0



22.5
All
All
All
1981

38.3
34.5
29.3
27.8
24.6
22.1
19.9
18.3
15.8
13.5





24.1
All
All
All
1982

40.1
35.6
31.1
28.7
25.7
22.4
20.0
17.9
16.9
21.4
21.1




24.7
All
All
All
1983

43.1
36.2
32.0
29.8
25.8
22.9
20.0
17.6
16.9
20.3
20.2




24.6
All
All
All
1984

44.3
37.0
32.6
29.9
26.3
22.9
20.0
17.3
15.9
17.9
20.4




24.6
All
All
All
1985
57.4
44.4
37.4
32.8
30.5
26.9
23.3
21.0
16.8
15.8
16.1
21.3




25.0
All
All
All
1986
55.9
36.6
38.2
33.7
30.5
27.3
24.0
21.0
17.7
16.2
16.0
22.1




25.7
All
All
All
1987
56.8
40.0
38.2
33.4
30.7
27.7
24.0
21.1
17.6
15.8
16.6
21.0




25.9
All
All
All
1988
51.6
43.6
37.8
34.1
31.2
28.2
24.5
21.5
18.1
16.4
16.2
18.7




25.9
All
All
All
1989
59.4
43.5
38.6
34.3
31.5
28.2
24.4
22.0
17.9
16.1
17.1
15.8




25.4
All
All
All
1990
65.3
47.5
39.6
35.0
31.7
28.5
24.9
22.1
18.3
16.4
16.7
16.0




25.2
All
All
All
1991
65.3
47.1
38.1
35.7
32.4
28.0
24.7
22.2
18.9
16.2
16.6
15.8
20.2



25.4
All
All
All
1992
65.3
47.3
39.7
35.6
32.4
28.1
25.1
22.3
19.1
16.8
16.2
14.9




24.9
All
All
All
1993
65.3
48.6
38.7
36.2
32.9
28.4
25.4
22.2
19.5
17.1
16.6
15.9




25.1
All
All
All
1994
65.8
48.9
39.6
35.5
33.5
28.8
25.5
22.1
19.4
17.1
16.7
16.1
13.6



24.6
All
All
All
1995

53.7
40.4
37.1
33.8
29.1
26.0
22.2
19.3
17.1
16.7
15.8
13.6



24.7
All
All
All
1996

52.3
38.9
37.3
33.6
29.7
26.1
22.7
20.0
17.4
16.6
16.7




24.8
All
All
All
1997

54.4
39.3
36.9
34.0
29.7
26.3
22.6
20.0
18.3
17.2
16.7
14.9



24.5
All
All
All
1998

53.6
39.0
36.9
34.5
29.8
26.7
22.6
20.2
17.7
16.9
15.9
13.8



24.5
All
All
All
1999

50.3
38.6
35.9
34.6
29.9
26.8
22.7
20.3
17.9
17.0
16.7




24.1
All
All
All
2000

61.6
39.6
36.7
34.3
30.5
26.6
22.9
20.5
18.2
17.8
16.6
15.2



24.3
All
All
All
2001

75.6
39.3
36.2
35.9
31.4
26.7
23.1
21.0
18.4
17.6
16.6
15.2



24.2
All
All
All
2002

75.3
51.5
37.3
36.3
31.3
27.3
23.3
20.7
18.7
17.7
17.7
15.2



24.1
All
All
All
2003

75.1
50.8
40.8
37.1
32.7
27.6
23.8
21.5
19.1
17.8
17.5
15.2



24.3
All
All
All
2004

73.8
64.5
40.8
36.9
33.3
27.8
23.9
22.0
19.5
18.2
17.7
18.9



24.0
All
All
All
2005

74.3
34.1
41.1
37.3
34.1
28.6
24.8
22.5
19.6
18.4
18.1
16.3



24.8
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	J-117	March 2019

-------
v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report
Supplemental Table J: 2-Cycle 55/45 Fuel Economy (MPG) by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type, and Inertia Weight
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle Type
Year
2-Cycle (55/45)* Fuel Economy (MPG) by Weight Class (lbs)


All Classes
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
8000
8500
All
All
All
2006

73.8
34.3
41.6
37.8
34.9
28.9
25.3
23.1
20.0
18.8
17.9
17.7



25.2
All
All
All
2007


29.9
42.4
38.2
36.4
29.7
26.2
22.9
20.2
19.5
19.2
18.7



25.8
All
All
All
2008

49.5
29.9
42.1
37.9
37.5
30.2
26.5
23.3
21.2
20.0
19.1
18.4



26.3
All
All
All
2009

49.5
30.0
42.0
38.3
38.4
31.3
27.3
23.6
22.5
20.5
19.4
18.2



28.2
All
All
All
2010

49.1
29.8
42.0
39.0
38.2
33.4
28.0
24.1
23.2
21.0
19.7
18.4



28.4
All
All
All
2011

53.2
29.9
41.1
40.4
38.6
33.8
28.5
25.0
23.5
21.2
20.5
18.0
15.4

16.4
28.1
All
All
All
2012

49.5
52.3
42.9
44.4
40.2
35.0
29.3
25.3
23.8
21.1
20.5
18.2
15.3
14.5
16.4
29.9
All
All
All
2013

49.8
60.7
43.2
44.2
40.3
36.5
31.3
26.0
24.3
21.5
20.9
18.0
16.0

16.4
30.7
All
All
All
2014

49.7
56.7
44.0
45.5
41.3
36.6
31.3
26.4
24.8
23.0
20.9
18.0
16.9

16.4
30.7
All
All
All
2015

49.7
56.2
44.9
45.5
41.8
37.8
32.0
26.2
25.0
23.1
22.1
21.5
16.6


31.4
All
All
All
2016


152.8
45.3
45.3
42.5
37.5
32.5
26.6
24.7
23.7
21.9
21.4
17.4


31.6
All
All
All
2017


55.7
47.9
44.4
43.7
38.3
33.0
27.0
25.7
23.2
22.1
21.1
15.2


31.7
All
All
All
2018


55.3
47.0
46.4
43.6
39.6
34.6
27.8
26.6
23.8
22.4
21.5
14.2


32.7
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002
J-118
March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
15.1
11.8
14.4
12.8
729
600
692
4500


343
151

0.450
0.0333
34.0


2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
16.6
13.0
15.7
14.1
658
544
630
4401


330
148

0.461
0.0333
36.5


2.6%

97.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
621
522
589
4186

116.1
315
145

0.467
0.0345
37.2
2080
4328
2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
19.0
14.9
18.1
16.2
580
478
549
3789

115.0
289
136
13.4
0.477
0.0355
36.2
2223
4180
2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
19.1
15.2
17.9
16.3
570
485
547
3761

115.6
284
136
13.8
0.493
0.0359
36.3
2246
4199
4.0%

96.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
21.9
17.0
21.1
18.7
513
413
479
3384

111.4
225
114
15.0
0.537
0.0336
37.1
2474
4168
27.4%

72.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
23.2
17.9
22.7
19.8
489
389
454
3445

113.9
227
111
15.3
0.521
0.0321
40.0
2677
4598
25.7%

74.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
24.2
18.4
24.3
20.7
472
358
433
3370

114.2
213
111
16.3
0.554
0.0328
41.0
2813
4712
37.2%

62.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
23.5
17.8
23.7
20.1
486
365
444
3448

116.6
223
117
14.5
0.551
0.0337
40.7
2779
4752
37.0%

63.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
24.4
18.5
24.7
20.9
465
351
427
3347

112.4
209
115
14.3
0.582
0.0341
41.1
2785
4622
44.8%

55.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
25.5
19.2
26.2
21.8
448
332
408
3325

113.8
207
117
13.9
0.592
0.0349
42.5
2946
4851
60.8%

39.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
27.0
20.2
27.6
23.0
424
315
386
3174

111.2
190
115
13.2
0.634
0.0359
43.0
3060
4804
72.0%

28.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
27.2
20.2
28.0
23.2
424
312
384
3192

111.9
192
123
12.9
0.665
0.0380
43.6
3100
4894
77.1%

22.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
28.1
20.7
28.9
23.9
416
303
373
3158

111.2
181
122
13.1
0.701
0.0382
44.6
3180
4974
88.1%

11.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
27.4
20.0
28.3
23.2
432
310
383
3191

111.9
187
133
12.0
0.731
0.0412
43.9
3114
4922
89.0%
0.0%
11.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
27.3
19.6
28.3
23.0
441
311
386
3256

110.7
183
136
11.1
0.770
0.0415
44.5
3053
4936
94.3%
0.1%
5.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
27.2
19.4
28.1
22.8
441
312
389
3248

109.9
188
139
11.1
0.769
0.0422
44.2
3026
4871
88.0%
0.0%
11.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
26.7
18.9
27.8
22.4
453
315
396
3306

110.7
193
146
10.6
0.789
0.0437
44.2
2996
4910
90.9%
0.0%
9.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
27.3
19.3
28.0
22.8
445
312
389
3268

110.4
189
146
9.8
0.801
0.0442
44.7
3061
4956
93.1%

6.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
27.5
19.3
27.9
22.9
444
313
388
3278

109.5
186
149
9.7
0.822
0.0446
45.1
3055
4955
89.3%

10.7%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
27.3
19.0
27.9
22.7
455
314
391
3338

111.5
191
165
9.3
0.881
0.0488
45.7
3085
5101
90.6%

9.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.9
19.3
28.4
23.1
453
310
385
3337

110.4
188
167
9.6
0.898
0.0493
46.5
3097
5146
92.1%

7.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
28.2
19.4
28.3
23.2
448
311
382
3300

110.1
183
168
9.6
0.924
0.0500
46.5
3124
5123
96.3%

3.7%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
27.6
18.9
27.7
22.7
461
318
392
3363

111.5
191
174
9.7
0.915
0.0508
46.4
3102
5181
95.6%

4.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
27.4
18.7
27.4
22.5
467
322
395
3401

110.8
190
171
9.9
0.906
0.0495
46.7
3065
5180
95.3%

4.7%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
27.6
18.6
27.6
22.6
471
320
394
3453

111.8
193
175
9.4
0.910
0.0500
47.6
3101
5335
92.8%

7.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
28.1
18.9
27.8
22.9
464
317
388
3448

112.1
191
178
9.1
0.937
0.0510
48.5
3172
5449
94.0%

6.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
28.5
19.1
27.8
23.1
459
316
384
3405

111.8
194
178
9.1
0.929
0.0517
48.6
3212
5449
95.1%

4.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
28.6
19.0
27.9
23.1
463
317
385
3468

113.3
191
181
8.9
0.961
0.0517
49.6
3257
5635
94.0%
0.6%
5.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
29.1
19.1
28.5
23.5
459
310
379
3408

112.5
190
181
8.9
0.969
0.0526
49.6
3302
5599
94.1%
0.4%
5.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
29.0
19.0
28.2
23.3
461
313
381
3469

112.3
192
187
CO
CO
0.985
0.0533
50.5
3300
5688
91.6%
0.2%
8.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
28.6
18.7
27.6
22.9
467
318
387
3558

112.1
195
197
8.7
1.026
0.0549
51.0
3242
5751
90.6%
0.8%
8.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
28.8
18.9
27.8
23.1
462
317
384
3563

109.7
188
193
8.9
1.046
0.0537
51.5
3199
5685
90.9%
0.5%
8.7%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
28.6
18.7
27.7
23.0
466
318
387
3651
45.7
110.5
192
203
CO
CO
1.079
0.0552
52.4
3205
5830
89.3%
1.9%
8.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
30.0
19.7
28.6
24.0
440
306
371
3586
45.4
110.7
178
195
8.7
1.111
0.0538
54.2
3380
6024
88.8%
2.9%
8.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
29.8
19.4
28.9
23.9
448
304
372
3668
46.4
111.5
192
219
8.4
1.147
0.0586
54.9
3375
6145
78.9%
2.7%
18.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
30.0
19.5
28.8
23.9
444
303
372
3775
46.9
112.4
178
214
8.5
1.243
0.0558
57.5
3455
6471
81.2%
3.3%
15.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
32.4
20.8
31.3
25.7
406
277
345
3676
46.2
111.4
159
207
8.4
1.336
0.0554
61.8
3772
6885
85.6%
2.6%
11.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
32.9
21.4
31.5
26.2
367
268
340
3660
45.8
110.3
158
219
8.2
1.406
0.0585
63.2
3832
6972
82.2%
3.8%
14.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
34.0
21.9
31.8
26.7
0
0
333
3635
45.7
110.2
154
215
8.3
1.433
0.0580
64.3
3937
7106
81.8%
3.8%
14.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
34.2
22.0
32.1
26.8
0
0
331
3639
46.1
109.9
162
224
8.1
1.420
0.0605
64.9
3983
7178
80.2%
2.6%
17.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
35.1
22.7
32.7
27.5
0
0
323
3590
46.4
108.6
147
219
8.1
1.544
0.0598
67.5
4139
7371
83.2%
3.8%
13.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
38.5
25.1
35.6
30.2
0
0
292
3495
46.4
107.6
141
214
7.9
1.585
0.0596
86.0
5292
9420
81.3%
3.6%
15.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
38.0
24.8
34.1
29.3
0
0
299
3515
46.8
108.1
132
213
7.8
1.667
0.0595
77.6
4797
8514
77.1%
6.0%
16.9%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1975
15.6
13.2
13.3
13.2
674
667
671
4000


250
105

0.420
0.0263
31.3




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-l	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
7.0%
93.0%



97.8%

2.2%





41.6%
26.0%
32.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
6.9%
93.1%



98.3%

1.7%





44.2%
27.5%
28.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
3.9%
96.1%



98.8%

1.2%





39.0%
26.5%
34.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
5.8%
94.2%



97.5%

1.8%

0.7%



29.5%
36.7%
33.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
6.2%
88.5%
5.3%


95.4%

2.0%

2.7%



25.9%
40.5%
33.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
12.9%
66.8%
20.3%


93.9%

0.3%
1.0%
4.7%



30.8%
51.5%
17.7%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
9.2%
31.4%
59.3%


88.1%


3.9%
8.0%



26.4%
53.4%
20.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
8.8%
0.2%
91.1%


73.2%


20.5%
6.3%



34.6%
44.2%
21.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
6.7%
0.2%
93.1%


68.8%

0.2%
28.9%
2.1%



26.4%
46.8%
26.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
8.8%
0.2%
91.0%


64.6%

0.9%
33.6%
0.9%



36.3%
42.4%
21.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
6.3%
0.8%
92.9%


46.9%

17.4%
35.5%
0.2%



32.5%
41.1%
26.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
9.1%
2.0%
88.9%


35.8%

26.1%
38.0%
0.0%



41.2%
36.8%
22.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
7.5%
2.1%
90.3%


23.4%

38.3%
38.3%




40.8%
33.3%
26.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
9.8%
1.8%
88.4%


12.3%

50.4%
37.3%

3.2%


49.4%
28.1%
22.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
7.8%
1.6%
90.6%


4.4%

56.3%
39.4%

5.1%


40.1%
34.8%
25.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
7.6%
1.0%
91.4%


1.1%

67.9%
31.0%

11.9%


39.4%
37.8%
22.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
9.9%
2.4%
87.6%




56.3%
43.7%

8.5%


44.8%
33.0%
22.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
8.8%
2.9%
88.3%




81.1%
18.9%

10.8%


44.9%
28.7%
26.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
10.0%
1.5%
88.5%




85.0%
15.0%

11.8%


48.0%
29.5%
22.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
10.5%
1.5%
88.0%




93.0%
7.0%

13.1%


52.9%
25.5%
21.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
8.8%
1.2%
90.1%




97.6%
2.4%

20.2%


46.4%
32.7%
20.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


24.8%


50.1%
31.8%
18.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
8.3%
1.8%
89.8%




97.5%
2.5%

28.6%


48.5%
31.8%
19.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
6.7%
0.7%
92.5%




99.5%
0.5%

24.4%


39.0%
43.3%
17.8%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
5.9%
0.6%
93.5%




99.7%
0.3%

29.3%


46.2%
39.4%
14.4%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
4.4%
1.0%
94.6%




99.8%
0.2%

23.9%
1.6%

41.9%
33.8%
24.3%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
4.7%
0.7%
94.6%




100.0%


27.1%
2.3%

40.4%
37.1%
22.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


25.2%
1.3%

42.5%
33.4%
24.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
4.0%

95.5%
0.4%



100.0%


40.4%
3.7%

36.7%
35.8%
27.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
5.4%

93.9%
0.7%



100.0%


44.8%
6.2%

41.3%
30.8%
28.0%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


38.2%
10.4%

37.8%
35.0%
27.2%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
6.4%

93.6%




100.0%


43.9%
22.6%

46.2%
27.3%
26.5%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
6.2%

93.8%



0.3%
99.7%


48.3%
47.3%
0.1%
48.8%
25.3%
25.9%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
4.7%

95.3%



3.0%
97.0%


53.9%
58.1%
0.2%
41.5%
27.9%
30.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
5.0%

95.0%



3.2%
96.8%


68.3%
79.1%
0.5%
46.6%
27.9%
25.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
6.4%

93.6%



18.1%
81.9%


70.3%
93.2%
0.1%
45.0%
32.9%
22.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
4.6%

95.0%
0.5%


24.5%
75.5%


72.7%
92.3%

16.8%
59.6%
23.6%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
6.2%

92.0%
1.8%


43.2%
56.8%


96.2%
97.6%
3.4%
19.1%
64.7%
16.1%
GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
5.2%

92.2%
2.6%


60.8%
39.2%


96.0%
97.1%
7.0%



GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
4.5%
0.1%
89.7%
5.6%


55.5%
43.5%

0.9%
94.7%
97.7%
2.8%



GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
4.1%
0.3%
91.4%
4.1%


64.4%
35.1%

0.2%
93.4%
98.0%
1.9%



GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
3.0%
0.3%
92.7%
3.9%


78.0%
21.6%


92.7%
99.4%
1.6%



GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
3.3%
3.1%
84.8%
8.7%


86.8%
9.8%

0.2%
88.9%
96.2%
5.0%



GM
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
4.9%
3.1%
86.4%
5.7%


85.2%
10.7%

1.0%
92.3%
95.9%
4.7%



GM
Car
Car SUV
1975
16.9%
83.1%



100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-2	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Car
Car SUV
1976
16.9
13.8
15.0
14.3
641
587
620
3946


261
111

0.424
0.0284
33.5




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1977
18.0
14.6
16.2
15.3
609
546
582
4000


269
117

0.433
0.0292
36.0




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1978
17.6
13.9
16.5
14.9
639
538
595
4000


270
126
14.5
0.466
0.0315
35.2




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1979





















GM
Car
Car SUV
1980





















GM
Car
Car SUV
1981





















GM
Car
Car SUV
1982
22.0
17.3
20.9
18.8
502
411
474
3461


207
112
16.3
0.558
0.0330
38.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1983
25.1
19.0
25.4
21.4
466
350
415
3500


170
109
15.3
0.640
0.0311
44.0




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1984
23.6
17.8
24.1
20.2
498
369
440
3489


172
109
15.1
0.637
0.0313
41.2




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1985
23.5
17.6
24.4
20.1
505
364
442
3500


172
109
15.1
0.634
0.0311
41.1




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1986
22.2
16.9
21.9
18.9
525
406
471
3500


171
123
13.4
0.714
0.0350
38.9




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1987
23.0
17.2
23.4
19.6
517
380
454
3500


171
123
13.6
0.714
0.0350
40.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1988
23.1
17.1
23.4
19.6
519
379
454
3500


204
136
12.9
0.677
0.0388
40.4




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1989
23.0
17.3
22.4
19.4
514
397
459
3500


246
145
11.6
0.599
0.0414
40.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1990
22.7
17.1
21.8
19.0
520
408
467
3500


230
139
11.1
0.620
0.0398
39.7




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1991
22.7
17.0
21.6
19.0
514
407
468
3628


225
135
11.7
0.622
0.0373
41.2




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1992
22.5
16.9
21.1
18.7
514
416
475
3562


198
135
11.7
0.701
0.0375
40.0




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1993
23.6
17.6
21.8
19.5
496
403
456
3628


203
160
10.1
0.796
0.0431
42.5




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1994
22.7
17.0
20.9
18.8
513
420
474
3644


198
159
10.1
0.812
0.0428
41.2




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1995
22.8
16.6
21.6
18.9
523
408
471
3727


212
159
10.5
0.765
0.0421
42.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1996
22.8
16.7
21.3
18.8
526
414
474
3800


218
158
10.9
0.766
0.0413
43.4




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1997
22.0
16.0
20.4
18.0
549
433
493
3902


222
181
10.1
0.833
0.0462
43.1




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1998
22.5
16.2
20.9
18.4
544
424
484
3857


221
186
10.1
0.867
0.0479
43.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
1999
22.3
16.0
20.6
18.2
550
429
489
3865


216
174
10.4
0.847
0.0450
43.1




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2000
22.1
15.7
20.6
18.0
561
430
494
3909


228
179
9.9
0.819
0.0457
43.3




100.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2001
24.0
17.0
21.8
19.3
515
404
459
3795


196
168
10.1
0.896
0.0441
45.7


17.6%

82.4%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2002
24.1
16.7
22.5
19.4
526
389
457
3890


202
182
9.8
0.929
0.0468
47.2


49.4%

50.6%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2003
25.9
17.8
23.8
20.7
494
370
428
3666


175
164
9.9
0.965
0.0447
47.6


74.5%

25.5%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2004
24.7
16.7
23.5
19.9
526
374
446
3991


204
208
9.1
1.021
0.0517
49.6


65.6%
12.0%
22.5%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2005
24.8
16.7
23.4
19.9
529
378
446
4011


200
192
9.4
0.959
0.0476
49.9


56.9%
38.9%
4.1%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2006
25.1
16.8
23.7
20.1
525
373
441
3998


198
196
9.4
0.987
0.0487
50.2


73.8%
22.3%
3.9%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2007
25.4
17.0
24.0
20.4
516
368
436
3983


197
196
9.4
0.998
0.0491
50.8


76.8%
20.0%
3.1%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2008
25.3
16.9
23.9
20.3
521
370
438
4084
47.6

194
202
9.4
1.043
0.0494
51.9


73.0%
23.0%
4.0%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2009
25.8
17.2
24.4
20.7
509
361
430
4072
47.6

191
197
9.3
1.037
0.0483
53.0


74.0%
21.9%
4.1%
GM
Car
Car SUV
2010
29.4
19.6
27.5
23.4
447
317
380
4157
48.3

161
215
8.9
1.326
0.0514
61.9


66.1%
33.9%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2011
29.8
19.7
27.7
23.6
444
317
377
4027
47.9

154
201
9.3
1.286
0.0494
60.7


72.0%
28.0%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2012
29.0
19.1
26.9
22.9
457
324
389
4126
48.8

166
215
8.9
1.290
0.0518
60.8


67.6%
32.4%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2013
31.2
20.2
28.5
24.3
431
307
366
4072
48.4

162
212
8.9
1.302
0.0515
64.4


89.1%
10.9%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2014
31.3
20.2
28.5
24.2
430
307
367
4083
48.0

160
209
9.0
1.313
0.0506
64.6


88.0%
12.0%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2015
31.7
20.9
28.9
24.8
418
301
358
4024
47.9

156
208
9.0
1.348
0.0510
64.4


87.0%
13.0%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2016
31.7
20.9
29.3
25.0
413
297
355
3971
47.1

148
201
9.2
1.388
0.0497
63.9


86.3%
13.7%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2017
33.6
21.5
31.0
26.0
406
283
341
3900
47.0

137
183
9.5
1.363
0.0464
66.1


91.9%
8.1%

GM
Car
Car SUV
2018
37.5
25.1
31.8
28.5
355
280
313
3616
45.0

96
171
9.2
1.773
0.0470
67.9


100.0%


GM
Car
All
1975
15.1
11.8
14.4
12.8
729
600
692
4500


343
151

0.450
0.0333
34.0


2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
All
1976
16.6
13.0
15.7
14.1
658
544
630
4401


330
148

0.461
0.0333
36.5


2.6%

97.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-3	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Car
Car SUV
1976
15.9%
84.1%



100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1977
16.3%
83.7%



100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1978
14.8%
85.2%



100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1979
















GM
Car
Car SUV
1980
















GM
Car
Car SUV
1981
















GM
Car
Car SUV
1982
33.9%

66.1%


100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1983
30.8%

69.2%


100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1984
23.1%

76.9%


100.0%










GM
Car
Car SUV
1985
14.4%

85.6%


94.3%


5.7%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1986
13.8%

86.2%





100.0%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1987
11.9%

88.1%





100.0%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1988
9.6%

90.4%





100.0%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1989
16.3%

83.7%


2.5%

4.9%
92.6%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1990
35.2%

64.8%


13.2%

14.3%
72.5%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1991
30.1%

69.9%


2.1%

6.9%
90.9%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1992
38.0%

62.0%


3.6%

33.6%
62.8%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1993
31.7%

68.3%


3.8%

74.1%
22.1%







GM
Car
Car SUV
1994
32.2%

67.8%




79.7%
20.3%

26.4%





GM
Car
Car SUV
1995
24.6%

75.4%




81.8%
18.2%

8.9%





GM
Car
Car SUV
1996
15.9%

84.1%




100.0%


33.3%





GM
Car
Car SUV
1997
16.3%

83.7%




100.0%


31.5%





GM
Car
Car SUV
1998
16.6%

83.4%




100.0%


40.3%





GM
Car
Car SUV
1999
14.6%

85.4%




100.0%


43.2%





GM
Car
Car SUV
2000
8.3%

91.7%




100.0%


27.8%





GM
Car
Car SUV
2001
7.0%

93.0%




100.0%


18.7%





GM
Car
Car SUV
2002
10.6%

89.0%
0.5%



100.0%


33.7%





GM
Car
Car SUV
2003
16.7%

63.8%
19.6%



100.0%


58.9%





GM
Car
Car SUV
2004
11.2%

82.2%
6.6%



100.0%


59.2%
32.5%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2005
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


24.5%
14.6%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2006
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


76.7%
19.9%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2007
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


36.0%
23.8%
3.5%



GM
Car
Car SUV
2008


100.0%




100.0%


55.0%
55.0%
1.0%



GM
Car
Car SUV
2009


100.0%




100.0%


53.4%
53.4%
4.8%



GM
Car
Car SUV
2010


100.0%



98.1%
1.9%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2011
0.1%

99.9%



83.1%
16.9%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2012


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2013


100.0%



94.8%
5.2%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%



90.4%
9.6%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



83.1%
16.9%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



72.1%
27.9%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



72.3%
27.7%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



65.4%
30.0%

4.6%
100.0%
95.4%




GM
Car
All
1975
7.0%
93.0%



97.8%

2.2%








GM
Car
All
1976
6.9%
93.1%



98.3%

1.7%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-4	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Car
All
1977
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
621
522
589
4186


315
145

0.467
0.0345
37.2


2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
All
1978
19.0
14.9
18.1
16.2
580
478
549
3789


289
136
13.4
0.477
0.0355
36.2


2.4%

97.6%
GM
Car
All
1979
19.1
15.2
17.9
16.3
570
485
547
3761


284
136
13.8
0.493
0.0359
36.3


4.0%

96.0%
GM
Car
All
1980
21.9
17.0
21.1
18.7
513
413
479
3384


225
114
15.0
0.537
0.0336
37.1


27.4%

72.6%
GM
Car
All
1981
23.2
17.9
22.7
19.8
489
389
454
3445


227
111
15.3
0.521
0.0321
40.0


25.7%

74.3%
GM
Car
All
1982
24.2
18.4
24.3
20.7
472
358
433
3370


213
111
16.3
0.554
0.0328
41.0


37.2%

62.8%
GM
Car
All
1983
23.5
17.8
23.7
20.1
486
365
444
3449


222
117
14.5
0.552
0.0336
40.7


36.8%

63.2%
GM
Car
All
1984
24.4
18.5
24.7
20.8
465
351
427
3349


209
115
14.3
0.583
0.0341
41.1


44.3%

55.7%
GM
Car
All
1985
25.5
19.1
26.1
21.8
449
333
408
3328


207
117
13.9
0.592
0.0348
42.5


59.8%

40.2%
GM
Car
All
1986
27.0
20.2
27.6
23.0
425
316
387
3177


190
115
13.3
0.635
0.0359
43.0


71.3%

28.7%
GM
Car
All
1987
27.2
20.1
27.9
23.1
425
313
385
3197


192
123
13.0
0.666
0.0380
43.6


75.9%

24.1%
GM
Car
All
1988
28.1
20.6
28.8
23.8
417
304
374
3163


181
122
13.1
0.700
0.0382
44.5


86.9%

13.1%
GM
Car
All
1989
27.4
19.9
28.1
23.1
434
312
384
3196


188
133
11.9
0.729
0.0412
43.9


87.4%
0.0%
12.5%
GM
Car
All
1990
27.2
19.6
28.2
23.0
441
312
387
3258


184
136
11.1
0.768
0.0415
44.5


93.6%
0.1%
6.3%
GM
Car
All
1991
27.0
19.3
27.8
22.7
443
314
391
3258


189
139
11.2
0.765
0.0421
44.1


85.6%
0.0%
14.4%
GM
Car
All
1992
26.6
18.8
27.5
22.3
455
317
399
3313


193
146
10.6
0.787
0.0435
44.1


88.5%
0.0%
11.5%
GM
Car
All
1993
27.2
19.2
27.8
22.7
446
314
391
3278


190
146
9.8
0.801
0.0442
44.7


90.3%

9.7%
GM
Car
All
1994
27.3
19.2
27.6
22.7
446
316
391
3291


186
149
9.7
0.822
0.0446
45.0


86.2%

13.8%
GM
Car
All
1995
27.2
18.9
27.7
22.6
456
316
394
3350


192
165
9.3
0.878
0.0486
45.6


87.9%

12.1%
GM
Car
All
1996
27.6
19.1
28.0
22.9
455
314
389
3356


190
167
9.7
0.892
0.0490
46.4


88.3%

11.7%
GM
Car
All
1997
27.9
19.3
28.0
23.0
451
314
386
3320


184
169
9.6
0.921
0.0499
46.3


93.1%

6.9%
GM
Car
All
1998
27.3
18.7
27.3
22.4
465
322
396
3386


192
174
9.7
0.913
0.0507
46.2


91.0%

9.0%
GM
Car
All
1999
27.2
18.6
26.9
22.3
470
326
399
3422


191
171
9.9
0.903
0.0493
46.5


90.9%

9.1%
GM
Car
All
2000
27.2
18.4
27.1
22.3
474
324
399
3476


194
175
9.4
0.906
0.0498
47.4


88.1%

11.9%
GM
Car
All
2001
27.7
18.7
27.2
22.6
468
323
394
3477


192
177
9.1
0.933
0.0505
48.3


87.7%

12.3%
GM
Car
All
2002
28.2
18.9
27.4
22.8
463
320
389
3438


195
178
9.1
0.929
0.0514
48.5


92.0%

8.0%
GM
Car
All
2003
28.4
18.9
27.6
22.9
465
320
387
3481


190
180
9.0
0.961
0.0513
49.5


92.7%
0.6%
6.7%
GM
Car
All
2004
28.7
18.9
28.0
23.1
464
315
384
3458


191
184
8.9
0.973
0.0525
49.6


91.7%
1.4%
6.9%
GM
Car
All
2005
28.3
18.6
27.4
22.8
470
321
391
3549


193
188
8.9
0.981
0.0524
50.4


86.4%
5.9%
7.6%
GM
Car
All
2006
28.0
18.4
27.0
22.5
475
325
395
3622


196
197
CO
CO
1.020
0.0540
50.9


88.1%
4.0%
7.9%
GM
Car
All
2007
28.4
18.7
27.3
22.8
468
322
390
3612


189
193
9.0
1.040
0.0532
51.4


89.2%
2.8%
8.0%
GM
Car
All
2008
28.1
18.5
27.1
22.6
472
324
393
3707
46.0

192
203
8.9
1.074
0.0544
52.3


87.2%
4.6%
8.2%
GM
Car
All
2009
29.7
19.5
28.3
23.7
445
309
375
3620
45.5

179
196
CO
CO
1.106
0.0534
54.1


87.8%
4.2%
8.0%
GM
Car
All
2010
29.7
19.5
28.6
23.8
448
307
374
3776
46.8

185
218
8.5
1.186
0.0571
56.4


76.1%
9.6%
14.3%
GM
Car
All
2011
29.9
19.5
28.5
23.8
444
307
374
3850
47.2

171
210
8.7
1.256
0.0539
58.4


78.5%
10.6%
10.9%
GM
Car
All
2012
31.3
20.3
29.9
24.8
419
289
358
3806
46.9

161
210
8.5
1.323
0.0544
61.5


80.4%
11.2%
CO
GM
Car
All
2013
32.5
21.1
30.6
25.6
383
278
347
3772
46.5

159
217
8.4
1.378
0.0566
63.5


84.1%
5.7%
10.2%
GM
Car
All
2014
33.3
21.5
31.0
26.1
0
0
341
3740
46.3

156
214
8.5
1.405
0.0563
64.4


83.2%
5.7%
11.1%
GM
Car
All
2015
33.3
21.6
31.0
26.1
0
0
340
3766
46.7

160
219
8.4
1.397
0.0574
64.7


82.5%
6.0%
11.5%
GM
Car
All
2016
34.1
22.2
31.6
26.7
0
0
332
3702
46.6

147
213
8.4
1.498
0.0568
66.4


84.1%
6.7%
9.2%
GM
Car
All
2017
36.9
23.9
34.1
28.8
0
0
307
3616
46.6

140
204
8.4
1.517
0.0557
80.0


84.5%
5.0%
10.6%
GM
Car
All
2018
37.9
24.9
33.5
29.1
0
0
303
3542
46.3

122
202
8.2
1.696
0.0561
75.0


83.2%
4.4%
12.4%
GM
Truck
Van
1975
14.4
11.6
13.0
12.2
741
652
728
4183


306
136

0.442
0.0325
30.9




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1976
14.0
11.6
12.3
11.9
744
685
746
4225


321
136

0.424
0.0323
30.6




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1977
15.0
12.4
13.0
12.7
705
661
701
4276


325
141

0.435
0.0332
32.4




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-5	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Car
All
1977
3.9%
96.1%



98.8%

1.2%








GM
Car
All
1978
5.8%
94.2%



97.5%

1.8%

0.7%






GM
Car
All
1979
6.2%
88.5%
5.3%


95.4%

2.0%

2.7%



25.9%
40.5%
33.6%
GM
Car
All
1980
12.9%
66.8%
20.3%


93.9%

0.3%
1.0%
4.7%



30.8%
51.5%
17.7%
GM
Car
All
1981
9.2%
31.4%
59.3%


88.1%


3.9%
8.0%



26.4%
53.4%
20.2%
GM
Car
All
1982
8.8%
0.2%
91.0%


73.2%


20.5%
6.3%






GM
Car
All
1983
6.9%
0.2%
92.9%


69.0%

0.2%
28.7%
2.1%






GM
Car
All
1984
9.0%
0.2%
90.8%


64.9%

0.9%
33.3%
0.9%






GM
Car
All
1985
6.4%
0.8%
92.8%


47.7%

17.1%
35.0%
0.2%






GM
Car
All
1986
9.1%
1.9%
88.9%


35.5%

25.9%
38.6%
0.0%






GM
Car
All
1987
7.6%
2.1%
90.3%


23.0%

37.7%
39.3%







GM
Car
All
1988
9.8%
1.8%
88.4%


12.2%

49.7%
38.1%

3.1%





GM
Car
All
1989
7.9%
1.6%
90.5%


4.3%

55.4%
40.3%

5.1%





GM
Car
All
1990
7.8%
1.0%
91.2%


1.2%

67.5%
31.4%

11.8%





GM
Car
All
1991
10.5%
2.4%
87.2%


0.1%

54.9%
45.0%

8.3%





GM
Car
All
1992
9.6%
2.8%
87.6%


0.1%

79.8%
20.1%

10.5%





GM
Car
All
1993
10.7%
1.5%
87.8%


0.1%

84.6%
15.2%

11.5%





GM
Car
All
1994
11.3%
1.5%
87.3%




92.6%
7.4%

13.6%





GM
Car
All
1995
9.2%
1.1%
89.6%




97.1%
2.9%

19.9%





GM
Car
All
1996
9.0%

91.0%




100.0%


25.1%





GM
Car
All
1997
8.6%
1.8%
89.6%




97.6%
2.4%

28.7%





GM
Car
All
1998
7.2%
0.7%
92.1%




99.6%
0.4%

25.2%





GM
Car
All
1999
6.3%
0.6%
93.1%




99.7%
0.3%

29.9%





GM
Car
All
2000
4.6%
0.9%
94.5%




99.8%
0.2%

24.1%
1.5%




GM
Car
All
2001
4.9%
0.7%
94.4%




100.0%


26.4%
2.1%




GM
Car
All
2002
6.1%

93.9%
0.0%



100.0%


25.8%
1.2%




GM
Car
All
2003
4.9%

93.5%
1.7%



100.0%


41.6%
3.5%




GM
Car
All
2004
5.9%

92.9%
1.2%



100.0%


46.1%
CO




GM
Car
All
2005
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


36.2%
11.0%




GM
Car
All
2006
5.9%

94.1%




100.0%


48.6%
22.2%




GM
Car
All
2007
5.7%

94.3%



0.3%
99.7%


46.9%
44.5%
0.5%



GM
Car
All
2008
4.1%

95.9%



2.6%
97.4%


54.0%
57.7%
0.3%



GM
Car
All
2009
4.7%

95.3%



3.0%
97.0%


67.3%
77.3%
0.8%



GM
Car
All
2010
5.0%

95.0%



35.7%
64.3%


76.8%
94.7%
0.0%



GM
Car
All
2011
3.3%

96.4%
0.3%


41.9%
58.1%


80.8%
94.6%




GM
Car
All
2012
4.4%

94.3%
1.3%


59.7%
40.3%


97.3%
98.3%
2.4%



GM
Car
All
2013
3.8%

94.3%
1.9%


70.0%
30.0%


97.1%
97.9%
5.1%



GM
Car
All
2014
3.4%
0.1%
92.1%
4.3%


63.7%
35.5%

0.7%
96.0%
98.3%
2.1%



GM
Car
All
2015
2.8%
0.2%
94.2%
2.8%


70.6%
29.1%

0.1%
95.6%
98.7%
1.3%



GM
Car
All
2016
2.1%
0.2%
94.8%
2.8%


76.3%
23.4%


94.8%
99.6%
1.2%



GM
Car
All
2017
2.3%
2.2%
89.4%
6.1%


82.5%
15.2%

0.2%
92.3%
97.3%
3.5%



GM
Car
All
2018
3.6%
2.3%
90.0%
4.2%


80.0%
15.8%

2.0%
94.3%
95.8%
3.5%



GM
Truck
Van
1975
23.6%
76.4%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1976
20.2%
79.8%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1977
13.6%
86.4%



100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-6	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Truck
Van
1978
14.1
11.7
12.2
11.9
741
694
744
4313


328
153
13.2
0.468
0.0356
31.1




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1979
14.7
12.3
12.6
12.4
713
683
715
4553


319
130
16.4
0.418
0.0288
33.9




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1980
16.7
13.3
15.6
14.2
662
564
625
4338


297
145
15.2
0.491
0.0334
36.4




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1981
18.0
14.3
16.8
15.3
616
527
580
4374


285
143
15.4
0.504
0.0328
39.5




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1982
17.9
14.3
16.5
15.2
619
537
585
4447


291
151
16.2
0.515
0.0338
39.8




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1983
18.9
14.9
17.7
16.0
602
504
560
4551


306
153
14.5
0.502
0.0336
43.4




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1984
18.2
14.3
17.2
15.5
621
516
577
4523


301
148
14.7
0.491
0.0327
41.3




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1985
18.7
14.8
17.6
15.9
592
489
559
4287


286
154
13.7
0.543
0.0361
40.5




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1986
19.4
15.2
18.2
16.4
578
476
541
4241


279
150
13.3
0.541
0.0354
41.4




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1987
19.8
15.3
18.8
16.8
575
462
530
4214


284
169
12.4
0.596
0.0401
42.0




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1988
20.2
15.4
19.4
17.1
571
450
521
4210


286
168
12.6
0.590
0.0399
42.8




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1989
20.2
15.3
19.5
17.0
574
450
521
4215


290
169
12.1
0.580
0.0398
42.9




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1990
20.7
15.5
19.9
17.4
566
442
512
4265


258
155
12.5
0.606
0.0361
44.3


32.8%
3.1%
64.1%
GM
Truck
Van
1991
20.8
15.5
20.1
17.4
567
438
510
4289


262
156
12.5
0.600
0.0362
44.9


24.9%
5.4%
69.7%
GM
Truck
Van
1992
20.8
15.4
20.1
17.4
572
437
510
4304


266
165
11.7
0.623
0.0382
45.1


26.1%
5.1%
68.8%
GM
Truck
Van
1993
20.7
15.2
20.0
17.3
581
440
514
4364


269
173
10.7
0.647
0.0396
45.3


22.4%
6.4%
71.3%
GM
Truck
Van
1994
21.0
15.3
20.3
17.5
576
433
509
4316


265
174
10.5
0.662
0.0403
45.5


27.2%
CO
64.4%
GM
Truck
Van
1995
20.6
14.9
19.8
17.1
590
442
520
4337


269
179
10.5
0.674
0.0414
44.9


25.4%
7.5%
67.1%
GM
Truck
Van
1996
21.5
15.5
20.5
17.7
569
428
502
4419


257
194
10.5
0.769
0.0439
47.5


25.1%
10.1%
64.8%
GM
Truck
Van
1997
21.9
15.7
20.8
18.0
562
423
493
4354


248
201
10.2
0.825
0.0463
47.7


40.2%
8.5%
51.3%
GM
Truck
Van
1998
22.2
15.8
21.1
18.2
559
417
489
4291


240
199
10.5
0.844
0.0465
47.6


51.1%
7.0%
42.0%
GM
Truck
Van
1999
22.0
15.5
20.9
18.0
567
417
494
4327


243
193
10.7
0.810
0.0447
47.7


49.3%
6.6%
44.2%
GM
Truck
Van
2000
22.1
15.5
20.8
18.0
565
417
493
4323


241
193
10.2
0.813
0.0447
48.0


49.0%
7.5%
43.4%
GM
Truck
Van
2001
22.9
15.9
21.9
18.7
553
394
476
4275


234
193
10.0
0.838
0.0453
49.3


59.7%
5.3%
35.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2002
22.3
15.4
21.3
18.2
569
403
489
4307


235
193
10.2
0.834
0.0449
48.6


55.1%
10.6%
34.3%
GM
Truck
Van
2003
23.2
15.8
22.1
18.8
556
393
473
4347


228
195
10.2
0.860
0.0449
50.5


59.4%
15.9%
24.7%
GM
Truck
Van
2004
23.1
15.6
21.9
18.6
563
396
477
4360


232
197
10.1
0.855
0.0453
50.4


59.8%
9.5%
30.8%
GM
Truck
Van
2005
22.6
15.3
21.2
18.2
575
413
489
4532


231
200
10.1
0.874
0.0442
51.5


64.0%
9.3%
26.7%
GM
Truck
Van
2006
22.9
15.4
21.6
18.4
572
407
483
4715


231
208
10.2
0.903
0.0440
54.0


68.0%
8.9%
23.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2007
22.6
15.2
21.5
18.2
582
408
487
4726


251
237
9.5
0.947
0.0503
53.5


69.0%
3.9%
27.1%
GM
Truck
Van
2008
22.8
15.3
21.6
18.4
576
406
484
4704
53.0

250
238
9.5
0.959
0.0508
53.7


73.3%
3.8%
22.9%
GM
Truck
Van
2009
20.0
13.9
18.1
16.0
635
488
556
5271
62.7

285
233
10.1
0.809
0.0438
52.8



16.4%
83.6%
GM
Truck
Van
2010
20.1
13.9
18.4
16.2
634
480
550
5342
63.5

289
241
10.1
0.826
0.0447
53.8



20.5%
79.5%
GM
Truck
Van
2011
19.7
13.6
18.2
15.9
645
485
559
5451
64.1

294
248
10.0
0.833
0.0451
53.7



21.2%
78.8%
GM
Truck
Van
2012
20.1
13.9
18.6
16.3
632
475
547
5342
64.0

286
237
10.2
0.819
0.0440
53.8



15.3%
84.7%
GM
Truck
Van
2013
20.0
13.8
18.4
16.1
636
479
551
5368
64.0

290
245
10.0
0.833
0.0451
53.7



20.4%
79.6%
GM
Truck
Van
2014
19.1
13.3
17.8
15.5
667
499
573
5384
63.9

289
244
10.1
0.831
0.0448
51.4



20.0%
80.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2015
16.2
10.9
16.1
13.4
813
550
664
6662
65.2

321
297
9.2
0.929
0.0445
53.8




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2016
15.8
10.7
15.9
13.1
832
558
676
6647
64.8

366
324
8.6
0.885
0.0488
52.6




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2017
15.4
10.3
15.4
12.7
862
577
699
6669
66.0

366
324
8.6
0.885
0.0486
51.4




100.0%
GM
Truck
Van
2018
34.8
24.0
26.0
25.1
370
342
354
3500
47.9

122
131
11.4
1.073
0.0374
60.9


100.0%


GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
11.7
9.9
10.0
9.9
893
870
894
4896


354
162

0.457
0.0331
28.9



74.9%
25.1%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
13.0
10.6
11.7
11.0
836
755
806
4931


361
153

0.421
0.0310
32.1



79.9%
20.1%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
14.6
11.9
13.1
12.4
737
666
716
4703


359
158

0.439
0.0335
34.7



74.4%
25.6%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
14.0
11.4
12.6
11.9
775
694
747
4711


356
165
13.2
0.464
0.0351
33.2



81.3%
18.7%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-7	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Truck
Van
1978
10.2%
89.8%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1979
15.4%
84.6%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1980
20.6%
3.7%
75.7%


100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1981
12.5%

87.5%


100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1982
5.5%

94.5%


100.0%










GM
Truck
Van
1983
3.6%

96.4%


89.7%



10.3%






GM
Truck
Van
1984
3.0%
2.9%
94.1%


96.8%



3.2%






GM
Truck
Van
1985
2.6%
0.5%
96.9%


96.8%


2.2%
1.0%






GM
Truck
Van
1986
2.5%
6.0%
91.5%


48.0%


51.4%
0.6%






GM
Truck
Van
1987
1.5%
22.3%
76.2%





99.7%
0.3%






GM
Truck
Van
1988
1.1%
16.7%
82.2%





99.6%
0.4%






GM
Truck
Van
1989
0.8%
5.3%
93.8%





99.7%
0.3%






GM
Truck
Van
1990

3.9%
96.1%





99.8%
0.2%






GM
Truck
Van
1991


100.0%





99.7%
0.3%






GM
Truck
Van
1992


100.0%




19.6%
80.2%
0.2%






GM
Truck
Van
1993


100.0%




25.4%
74.6%







GM
Truck
Van
1994


100.0%




36.4%
63.6%







GM
Truck
Van
1995


100.0%




61.5%
38.5%







GM
Truck
Van
1996


100.0%




100.0%


2.0%





GM
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%


0.5%





GM
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


0.5%





GM
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%


0.2%





GM
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%



3.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%



69.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%



73.3%




GM
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%



43.6%




GM
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%



49.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%



36.8%




GM
Truck
Van
2013


100.0%




100.0%



43.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%




100.0%



42.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%




100.0%



100.0%




GM
Truck
Van
2018



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
16.2%
83.8%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
15.8%
84.2%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
15.7%
84.3%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
14.8%
85.2%



100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-8	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
11.3
9.5
9.6
9.5
934
919
934
5169


371
149
15.8
0.399
0.0286
29.2



42.6%
57.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
14.5
11.5
13.5
12.4
768
655
719
5071


341
161
15.0
0.474
0.0319
36.9



61.2%
38.8%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
16.2
12.8
15.0
13.7
687
586
646
5013


317
159
15.2
0.502
0.0317
40.7



65.5%
34.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
19.2
14.9
18.6
16.4
627
503
576
5260


333
147
17.0
0.446
0.0283
51.8



63.1%
36.9%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
20.2
15.5
20.0
17.3
573
444
525
4507


248
129
15.8
0.555
0.0286
45.9



84.8%
15.2%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
20.0
15.3
19.9
17.1
576
440
525
4420


237
128
15.7
0.572
0.0289
44.4



85.5%
14.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
20.1
15.3
20.2
17.2
572
432
519
4348


226
126
15.7
0.585
0.0287
43.9



87.2%
12.8%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
19.4
14.9
19.0
16.5
588
465
541
4290


222
130
14.3
0.628
0.0302
41.8



86.5%
13.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
19.3
14.6
19.0
16.3
602
462
545
4393


230
149
13.8
0.670
0.0334
42.2



86.6%
13.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
19.4
14.8
18.7
16.4
594
467
543
4463


248
157
13.4
0.660
0.0351
43.2



86.5%
13.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
20.0
15.1
19.1
16.8
571
456
529
4406


265
165
12.4
0.640
0.0373
43.8



87.5%
12.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
19.6
14.8
18.7
16.5
568
463
540
4431


255
158
12.1
0.652
0.0353
43.0



81.5%
18.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
20.5
15.4
19.7
17.2
566
445
517
4179


252
156
11.9
0.636
0.0373
42.8



92.1%
7.9%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
19.2
14.2
18.6
16.1
607
469
553
4349


258
171
11.3
0.680
0.0393
41.6



90.7%
9.3%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
19.4
14.3
18.6
16.2
603
468
549
4622


277
193
10.0
0.722
0.0424
44.6



85.8%
14.2%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
19.4
14.3
18.4
16.1
608
472
552
4731


270
192
10.1
0.738
0.0407
45.8



87.6%
12.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
19.4
14.2
18.4
16.1
613
472
553
4701


270
187
10.5
0.728
0.0401
45.5



89.6%
10.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.8
14.3
18.8
16.3
609
466
544
4786


281
207
10.4
0.752
0.0429
47.1



83.3%
16.7%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
19.4
13.9
18.5
16.0
629
475
555
4935


294
216
10.2
0.745
0.0435
47.7



81.0%
19.0%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
20.3
14.5
19.3
16.7
607
457
533
4625


272
205
10.5
0.766
0.0441
46.8



90.0%
10.0%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
19.8
14.2
18.4
16.2
619
479
550
4688


280
213
10.3
0.777
0.0451
46.2



63.6%
36.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
19.5
13.9
18.0
15.9
629
487
560
4966


282
220
10.0
0.792
0.0441
48.3



87.7%
12.3%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
18.8
13.5
17.0
15.2
654
519
585
5192


294
241
9.5
0.824
0.0461
48.5



72.2%
27.8%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
19.4
13.5
18.4
15.8
651
480
561
5149


283
267
9.0
0.955
0.0520
49.9



70.5%
29.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
19.1
13.3
18.0
15.5
664
489
572
5288


287
268
9.0
0.946
0.0507
50.5



66.6%
33.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
19.4
13.4
18.2
15.7
660
484
566
5309


291
277
CO
CO
0.966
0.0525
51.4



67.5%
32.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
19.5
13.3
18.2
15.7
664
485
565
5398


293
285
8.7
0.986
0.0531
52.5



67.7%
32.3%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
20.2
13.8
18.8
16.3
642
468
546
5101


271
273
CO
CO
1.019
0.0537
51.3



74.8%
25.2%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
20.4
13.8
19.4
16.5
642
455
538
5574


301
304
8.5
1.020
0.0547
56.9


4.7%
61.4%
33.9%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
21.2
14.3
20.3
17.2
615
434
517
5315
53.7

275
290
8.6
1.071
0.0546
56.6


17.7%
56.8%
25.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
22.4
15.0
21.4
18.1
584
412
492
5266
54.6

259
298
8.0
1.179
0.0565
59.1


35.1%
43.2%
21.7%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
23.3
15.6
22.3
18.8
567
397
472
5355
55.3

261
298
8.0
1.177
0.0558
62.4


36.1%
47.4%
16.5%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
22.7
15.3
21.5
18.3
579
410
486
5523
56.6

275
319
7.8
1.198
0.0579
62.6


29.1%
55.2%
15.7%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
23.2
15.5
21.9
18.6
569
403
478
5396
56.5

264
307
7.9
1.196
0.0570
62.5


35.8%
51.9%
12.3%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
23.7
15.9
22.3
19.0
549
391
468
5336
55.3

261
291
8.3
1.155
0.0540
63.2


18.2%
64.8%
17.0%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
24.8
16.5
23.2
19.8
528
377
449
5062
54.6

229
277
8.4
1.243
0.0541
62.5


32.4%
58.9%
8.7%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
24.9
16.6
23.5
19.9
526
374
446
5310
55.1

257
306
8.1
1.233
0.0567
65.7


18.4%
65.5%
16.1%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
24.3
16.2
23.1
19.6
535
379
454
5215
54.7

252
299
8.1
1.238
0.0562
63.4


17.8%
66.5%
15.7%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
25.2
16.8
24.0
20.3
516
365
439
5007
53.5

237
293
8.0
1.281
0.0581
63.2


27.6%
62.0%
10.4%
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
27.7
18.4
25.5
21.9
469
344
406
4731
52.0

212
288
7.6
1.486
0.0602
65.3


21.5%
69.6%
8.9%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1975
14.3
11.4
13.4
12.2
758
628
729
4073


321
148

0.468
0.0362
29.6



10.4%
89.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1976
14.6
11.7
13.3
12.4
733
632
718
4193


329
142

0.438
0.0338
31.1



18.6%
81.4%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1977
15.2
12.5
13.4
12.9
687
628
689
4214


325
145

0.459
0.0345
32.5



19.7%
80.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1978
14.7
12.2
12.8
12.5
705
649
715
4248


322
151
13.2
0.479
0.0355
31.9



27.4%
72.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1979
15.2
12.6
13.4
12.9
681
625
692
4495


304
132
15.7
0.460
0.0294
35.0



5.9%
94.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-9	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
14.2%
85.8%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
13.8%

86.2%


100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
7.7%

92.3%


100.0%










GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
8.3%

91.7%


52.1%



47.9%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
23.0%

77.0%


86.1%



13.9%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
22.7%

77.3%


93.8%



6.2%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
19.9%

80.1%


94.7%


2.2%
3.1%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
32.9%

67.1%


55.5%


40.5%
4.0%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
20.4%

79.6%


11.4%


87.3%
1.3%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
18.1%

81.9%




20.2%
78.8%
1.0%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
16.9%

83.1%




11.9%
87.4%
0.7%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
25.6%

74.4%




10.2%
88.9%
0.9%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
15.4%

84.6%




3.6%
95.8%
0.5%






GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
16.6%

83.4%




27.9%
72.1%







GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
9.8%

90.2%




55.8%
44.2%







GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
9.8%

90.2%




60.7%
39.3%

12.7%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
8.1%

91.9%




64.4%
35.6%

21.0%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%

0.0%
12.7%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
2.5%

97.5%




100.0%

0.0%
8.8%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
3.7%

96.3%




100.0%

0.0%
14.5%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
3.2%

96.8%




100.0%


11.7%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
1.5%

98.5%




100.0%


6.3%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
0.7%

99.3%




100.0%


6.2%





GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
0.4%

99.5%
0.1%



100.0%


40.9%
36.2%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
0.2%

98.4%
1.3%



100.0%


41.2%
36.7%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
0.0%

99.5%
0.5%



100.0%


43.3%
39.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
0.0%

99.8%
0.2%



100.0%


44.3%
44.1%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


61.6%
62.5%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


27.6%
43.5%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.2%

98.6%
1.2%



100.0%


49.8%
62.3%
1.2%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.1%

97.9%
2.0%


22.8%
77.2%


63.8%
72.9%
2.0%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.0%

99.6%
0.4%


62.7%
37.3%


64.4%
99.8%
0.4%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
0.0%

99.6%
0.4%


52.1%
47.9%


52.6%
100.0%
0.4%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


99.7%
0.3%


62.4%
37.6%


62.4%
100.0%
0.3%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


99.7%
0.3%


49.5%
50.5%


51.2%
100.0%
0.3%



GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



72.7%
27.3%


76.8%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



93.9%
6.1%


53.1%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



91.7%
8.3%


55.0%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



94.1%
5.9%


69.2%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



94.8%
3.7%

1.5%
73.3%
98.5%




GM
Truck
Pickup
1975
35.7%
64.3%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Pickup
1976
31.1%
68.9%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Pickup
1977
26.5%
73.5%



100.0%










GM
Truck
Pickup
1978
27.2%
72.8%



97.6%



2.4%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1979
32.4%
67.6%



94.6%



5.4%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-10	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Truck
Pickup
1980
18.5
14.7
17.1
15.7
587
502
571
4157


269
131
15.6
0.516
0.0314
38.9



21.4%
78.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1981
20.0
15.9
18.5
17.0
548
468
528
4012


259
129
15.5
0.511
0.0318
40.5



13.8%
86.2%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1982
21.9
17.2
20.7
18.6
511
421
487
3850


244
128
16.1
0.547
0.0334
42.3



10.5%
89.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1983
21.3
16.6
20.5
18.2
523
421
494
3931


244
130
14.6
0.556
0.0332
42.2



22.4%
77.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1984
20.7
16.1
20.0
17.6
537
431
507
3962


243
128
14.8
0.550
0.0323
41.3



21.9%
78.1%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1985
20.4
15.9
19.6
17.4
537
431
512
3926


241
133
14.2
0.570
0.0337
40.4



21.8%
78.2%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1986
20.8
16.3
19.7
17.7
525
431
504
3893


238
134
13.3
0.587
0.0345
40.8



22.2%
77.8%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1987
21.3
16.4
20.5
18.1
521
415
493
3749


231
141
13.0
0.628
0.0370
40.2



23.6%
76.4%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1988
20.4
15.5
19.6
17.2
549
433
516
4013


270
160
12.5
0.605
0.0393
41.2



27.7%
72.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1989
20.5
15.6
19.7
17.3
551
438
515
3976


275
165
11.6
0.608
0.0409
41.0



27.0%
73.0%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1990
19.2
14.5
18.4
16.1
596
469
551
4241


300
179
10.7
0.603
0.0419
41.0



31.4%
68.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1991
21.4
15.9
20.6
17.9
539
418
497
3845


257
156
11.1
0.614
0.0400
41.2



22.7%
77.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1992
20.3
15.0
19.6
17.0
576
442
523
4088


276
167
10.6
0.614
0.0406
41.6



26.2%
73.8%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1993
20.2
14.8
19.4
16.8
586
448
528
4189


281
173
9.9
0.624
0.0413
42.2


0.0%
27.6%
72.4%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1994
20.0
14.7
19.1
16.6
585
453
534
4256


287
179
9.8
0.643
0.0420
42.9



33.1%
66.9%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1995
20.2
14.7
19.1
16.7
581
447
533
4270


278
173
10.2
0.655
0.0403
43.6



33.5%
66.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1996
21.3
15.4
20.3
17.6
561
425
506
4304


273
197
10.1
0.740
0.0452
46.2



30.6%
69.4%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1997
20.5
14.7
19.6
16.9
590
443
526
4597


289
213
9.9
0.751
0.0459
47.2



37.1%
62.9%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1998
21.1
15.0
20.1
17.3
572
429
513
4311


267
201
10.4
0.770
0.0457
45.9



36.3%
63.7%
GM
Truck
Pickup
1999
19.8
14.2
18.4
16.2
612
471
550
4763


293
228
10.0
0.785
0.0477
47.1



56.9%
43.1%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2000
20.8
14.9
19.2
16.9
590
454
524
4401


272
219
9.5
0.808
0.0489
45.9



41.2%
58.8%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2001
20.4
14.5
18.7
16.5
609
470
538
4592


279
227
9.3
0.815
0.0488
46.7



38.8%
61.2%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2002
19.1
13.5
17.5
15.4
655
506
576
4988


302
257
9.0
0.846
0.0515
47.5



51.4%
48.6%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2003
20.1
14.0
18.4
16.2
625
473
549
4712


277
235
9.4
0.848
0.0492
47.2



42.5%
57.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2004
20.0
14.0
18.1
16.1
631
487
554
4951


302
262
CO
CO
0.872
0.0530
49.5



50.3%
49.7%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2005
20.4
14.1
18.8
16.4
628
469
541
4891


289
263
8.7
0.917
0.0537
49.9



48.7%
51.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2006
20.7
14.3
19.0
16.6
619
465
535
4878


287
260
CO
CO
0.912
0.0531
50.4



44.7%
55.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2007
20.3
14.0
18.8
16.4
635
471
543
5213


298
276
8.9
0.926
0.0528
53.0



45.3%
54.7%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2008
20.9
14.3
19.4
16.8
621
456
529
5257
63.2

298
277
9.0
0.925
0.0524
54.8



50.6%
49.4%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2009
20.8
14.2
19.5
16.8
624
455
530
5325
64.3

305
291
8.4
0.953
0.0545
55.4



50.9%
49.1%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2010
21.5
14.5
20.3
17.3
608
435
513
5318
63.7

303
288
8.4
0.951
0.0540
57.2



60.5%
39.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2011
21.4
14.5
20.3
17.4
609
435
512
5365
65.4

309
300
8.2
0.970
0.0558
57.6



62.5%
37.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2012
21.8
14.8
20.7
17.7
597
428
503
5236
63.9

300
293
8.3
0.979
0.0558
57.1



61.9%
38.1%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2013
21.4
14.5
20.4
17.4
611
434
512
5436
66.4

317
310
8.0
0.977
0.0570
58.4



64.2%
35.8%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2014
23.9
16.2
22.3
19.2
549
398
463
5463
67.8

313
335
7.6
1.072
0.0613
65.2



65.7%
34.3%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2015
24.3
16.4
22.7
19.5
541
391
456
5353
65.9

303
332
7.5
1.105
0.0620
64.9



69.5%
30.5%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2016
24.4
16.5
22.8
19.6
537
389
455
5295
63.7

285
320
7.7
1.142
0.0604
64.5



67.9%
32.1%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2017
23.8
16.1
22.2
19.1
553
400
467
5487
65.6

302
335
7.5
1.120
0.0610
65.1



71.3%
28.7%
GM
Truck
Pickup
2018
23.9
16.2
22.2
19.1
550
400
466
5417
64.7

296
338
7.4
1.156
0.0623
64.6



68.6%
31.4%
GM
Truck
All
1975
14.1
11.3
12.9
12.0
766
647
743
4159


321
147

0.464
0.0354
29.7



14.6%
85.4%
GM
Truck
All
1976
14.3
11.6
13.0
12.2
743
648
730
4266


331
142

0.435
0.0334
31.1



22.1%
77.9%
GM
Truck
All
1977
15.1
12.5
13.3
12.8
693
635
693
4267


328
146

0.454
0.0343
32.7



22.6%
77.4%
GM
Truck
All
1978
14.5
12.0
12.7
12.3
716
660
723
4302


326
152
13.2
0.476
0.0355
31.9



28.1%
71.9%
GM
Truck
All
1979
14.5
12.0
12.6
12.3
709
659
725
4585


314
134
15.8
0.447
0.0292
34.1



9.7%
90.3%
GM
Truck
All
1980
17.9
14.2
16.6
15.2
607
519
590
4252


278
135
15.5
0.509
0.0317
38.4



21.9%
78.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-11	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Truck
Pickup
1980
39.4%
6.0%
54.7%


90.9%



9.1%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1981
38.6%
1.1%
60.3%


91.4%



8.6%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1982
35.6%
0.1%
64.3%


85.3%



14.7%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1983
34.0%
0.1%
65.8%


92.5%



7.5%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1984
31.4%
0.6%
68.0%


94.3%



5.7%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1985
31.0%
4.3%
64.7%


84.8%


12.5%
2.6%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1986
34.5%
6.3%
59.2%


66.9%


31.0%
2.1%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1987
36.3%
9.2%
54.5%


10.6%


88.4%
1.0%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1988
29.1%
9.2%
61.7%


2.3%

1.4%
95.8%
0.5%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1989
33.2%
2.6%
64.2%


2.9%

1.9%
94.8%
0.4%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1990
29.4%
6.8%
63.8%


4.8%

2.6%
92.1%
0.5%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1991
45.2%

54.8%


3.0%

0.7%
95.9%
0.3%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1992
39.1%

60.9%


4.3%

1.2%
94.2%
0.3%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1993
29.0%

71.0%


2.6%

1.5%
95.9%







GM
Truck
Pickup
1994
21.8%

78.2%


2.1%

17.1%
80.8%







GM
Truck
Pickup
1995
32.3%

67.7%




25.4%
74.6%







GM
Truck
Pickup
1996
23.3%

76.7%




99.5%

0.5%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1997
18.5%

81.5%




99.8%

0.2%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1998
21.2%

78.8%




99.9%

0.1%






GM
Truck
Pickup
1999
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%

0.0%






GM
Truck
Pickup
2000
9.5%

90.5%




100.0%


0.4%





GM
Truck
Pickup
2001
6.5%

93.5%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Pickup
2002
2.3%

97.7%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Pickup
2003
6.3%

93.7%




100.0%








GM
Truck
Pickup
2004
2.8%

97.2%




100.0%


13.3%
13.3%
0.0%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2005
4.3%

95.7%




100.0%


21.6%
21.6%
0.1%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2006
4.3%

95.7%




100.0%


19.1%
19.1%
0.4%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2007
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%


5.3%
11.4%
0.1%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2008
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


5.3%
14.7%




GM
Truck
Pickup
2009
0.8%

98.6%
0.5%



100.0%


8.8%
9.9%
0.5%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2010
0.4%

99.1%
0.4%



100.0%


10.1%
92.3%
0.4%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2011
0.2%

99.5%
0.3%



100.0%


5.6%
92.4%
0.3%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2012
0.4%

99.5%
0.2%



100.0%


14.5%
92.7%
0.2%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2013


99.8%
0.2%



100.0%



92.0%
0.2%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2014


100.0%



100.0%




100.0%




GM
Truck
Pickup
2015
0.2%

99.8%



100.0%



12.3%
100.0%




GM
Truck
Pickup
2016
0.3%

99.7%



98.0%


2.0%
28.1%
98.0%
0.1%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2017
0.2%

99.8%



98.2%


1.8%
17.0%
98.2%
0.3%



GM
Truck
Pickup
2018
0.3%

99.7%



97.1%


2.9%
23.8%
97.1%
0.5%



GM
Truck
All
1975
32.3%
67.7%



100.0%










GM
Truck
All
1976
28.4%
71.6%



100.0%










GM
Truck
All
1977
24.0%
76.0%



100.0%










GM
Truck
All
1978
23.3%
76.7%



98.2%



1.8%






GM
Truck
All
1979
27.9%
72.1%



96.0%



4.0%






GM
Truck
All
1980
35.0%
5.2%
59.8%


92.7%



7.3%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-12	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
Truck
All
1981
19.4
15.5
18.0
16.5
563
481
542
4118


266
132
15.4
0.510
0.0320
40.4



14.7%
85.3%
GM
Truck
All
1982
21.0
16.6
19.8
17.9
531
439
507
4030


257
132
16.2
0.535
0.0331
42.6



12.5%
87.5%
GM
Truck
All
1983
20.6
16.1
19.8
17.6
544
438
511
4144


257
134
14.8
0.546
0.0325
43.0



28.6%
71.4%
GM
Truck
All
1984
20.1
15.6
19.4
17.1
559
446
523
4158


252
132
15.0
0.544
0.0317
41.9



31.4%
68.6%
GM
Truck
All
1985
20.0
15.5
19.3
17.0
555
442
523
4098


246
136
14.4
0.568
0.0330
41.3



32.5%
67.5%
GM
Truck
All
1986
20.1
15.7
19.1
17.1
551
449
522
4068


245
137
13.5
0.585
0.0338
41.1



30.8%
69.2%
GM
Truck
All
1987
20.4
15.6
19.6
17.3
553
438
515
4029


245
151
13.1
0.629
0.0370
41.1



32.1%
67.9%
GM
Truck
All
1988
20.2
15.4
19.4
17.0
562
443
522
4140


269
161
12.7
0.612
0.0386
41.9



33.0%
67.0%
GM
Truck
All
1989
20.3
15.4
19.5
17.1
560
444
519
4120


276
166
11.9
0.609
0.0399
42.0



34.1%
65.9%
GM
Truck
All
1990
19.7
14.8
18.9
16.6
582
459
537
4281


280
168
11.5
0.612
0.0390
42.4


10.2%
31.0%
58.7%
GM
Truck
All
1991
21.1
15.7
20.3
17.7
550
428
504
4006


257
156
11.6
0.616
0.0386
42.3


5.0%
34.2%
60.8%
GM
Truck
All
1992
20.2
15.0
19.5
16.9
580
446
526
4195


270
167
11.0
0.629
0.0397
42.5


6.9%
33.1%
60.1%
GM
Truck
All
1993
20.1
14.8
19.4
16.8
589
450
530
4329


277
178
10.1
0.652
0.0411
43.5


5.4%
35.6%
59.0%
GM
Truck
All
1994
20.1
14.7
19.1
16.7
589
453
533
4388


278
181
10.0
0.671
0.0413
44.2


5.5%
41.9%
52.6%
GM
Truck
All
1995
20.0
14.6
19.0
16.6
593
453
536
4420


273
179
10.4
0.682
0.0405
44.5


6.0%
44.8%
49.2%
GM
Truck
All
1996
20.7
15.0
19.7
17.1
579
440
520
4503


274
200
10.3
0.748
0.0442
46.7


3.3%
48.0%
48.7%
GM
Truck
All
1997
20.4
14.6
19.4
16.8
597
449
529
4662


282
211
10.0
0.764
0.0452
47.5


8.3%
46.2%
45.5%
GM
Truck
All
1998
21.1
15.0
20.0
17.3
579
434
513
4394


263
201
10.4
0.785
0.0454
46.5


11.1%
44.9%
44.1%
GM
Truck
All
1999
20.2
14.4
18.8
16.5
604
461
539
4656


280
217
10.2
0.788
0.0464
47.0


9.9%
48.6%
41.6%
GM
Truck
All
2000
20.6
14.7
19.1
16.8
596
456
529
4559


269
214
9.8
0.804
0.0466
47.0


9.7%
48.8%
41.5%
GM
Truck
All
2001
20.0
14.3
18.4
16.2
616
474
547
4786


278
227
9.5
0.823
0.0471
47.9


9.7%
47.1%
43.3%
GM
Truck
All
2002
19.6
13.7
18.3
15.9
641
478
558
4993


284
255
9.1
0.902
0.0510
48.9


6.5%
56.7%
36.8%
GM
Truck
All
2003
20.0
13.9
18.7
16.2
631
467
549
4933


275
245
9.3
0.896
0.0493
49.2


8.3%
50.2%
41.5%
GM
Truck
All
2004
19.9
13.8
18.4
16.1
639
476
553
5085


290
264
8.9
0.919
0.0521
50.6


5.2%
55.7%
39.2%
GM
Truck
All
2005
20.2
13.9
18.8
16.3
636
468
546
5075


284
266
CO
CO
0.942
0.0523
51.2


7.5%
52.6%
39.9%
GM
Truck
All
2006
20.7
14.2
19.1
16.6
624
460
535
4954


275
260
8.9
0.955
0.0525
51.1


6.5%
53.6%
39.9%
GM
Truck
All
2007
20.5
13.9
19.3
16.5
636
459
537
5365


297
288
8.7
0.974
0.0536
55.0


6.2%
51.0%
42.8%
GM
Truck
All
2008
21.2
14.3
20.0
17.1
615
441
520
5244
58.0

284
280
CO
CO
0.997
0.0533
55.5


13.8%
50.1%
36.1%
GM
Truck
All
2009
21.4
14.5
20.2
17.3
607
436
514
5299
60.1

285
293
8.3
1.047
0.0551
56.9


15.0%
46.9%
38.0%
GM
Truck
All
2010
22.3
15.0
21.2
18.0
588
417
494
5336
59.6

282
292
8.3
1.057
0.0547
59.6


17.4%
53.2%
29.4%
GM
Truck
All
2011
22.0
14.9
20.9
17.8
594
423
500
5446
61.0

292
309
8.0
1.083
0.0567
60.1


14.6%
58.3%
27.0%
GM
Truck
All
2012
22.4
15.1
21.2
18.1
583
416
491
5320
60.1

281
299
8.1
1.086
0.0561
59.8


18.2%
55.7%
26.1%
GM
Truck
All
2013
22.6
15.2
21.3
18.2
576
411
489
5381
60.4

286
299
8.2
1.070
0.0552
60.9


9.7%
63.7%
26.5%
GM
Truck
All
2014
24.1
16.2
22.6
19.3
543
391
460
5306
62.6

280
311
7.9
1.134
0.0582
63.9


12.6%
62.2%
25.2%
GM
Truck
All
2015
24.6
16.5
23.1
19.7
533
382
451
5332
60.3

279
318
7.8
1.171
0.0592
65.3


9.6%
67.3%
23.1%
GM
Truck
All
2016
24.4
16.4
22.9
19.6
536
384
455
5255
59.1

268
309
7.9
1.191
0.0583
63.9


9.1%
67.2%
23.7%
GM
Truck
All
2017
24.5
16.5
23.1
19.7
532
380
451
5220
58.9

266
312
7.8
1.209
0.0594
64.0


15.4%
66.1%
18.6%
GM
Truck
All
2018
25.7
17.3
23.8
20.5
504
370
436
5059
58.3

253
311
7.5
1.319
0.0611
65.0


11.6%
68.5%
19.9%
GM
All
All
1975
14.9
11.7
14.0
12.7
736
609
702
4432


338
150

0.453
0.0337
33.2


1.9%
2.9%
95.2%
GM
All
All
1976
16.1
12.7
15.1
13.7
674
563
650
4373


330
147

0.455
0.0333
35.4


2.0%
4.6%
93.4%
GM
All
All
1977
17.2
13.7
15.9
14.6
633
540
608
4201


317
145

0.464
0.0345
36.4


1.9%
4.2%
93.9%
GM
All
All
1978
17.8
14.2
16.6
15.2
604
508
586
3898


297
139
13.3
0.477
0.0355
35.3


1.9%
6.0%
92.1%
GM
All
All
1979
18.0
14.4
16.5
15.3
593
513
583
3928


290
135
14.2
0.483
0.0345
35.8


3.2%
2.0%
94.8%
GM
All
All
1980
21.3
16.6
20.4
18.1
523
424
493
3495


232
116
15.0
0.533
0.0334
37.3


23.9%
2.8%
73.3%
GM
All
All
1981
22.6
17.5
21.9
19.3
498
399
466
3538


232
114
15.4
0.519
0.0321
40.1


22.2%
2.0%
75.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-13	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
Truck
All
1981
33.2%
0.9%
65.9%


93.1%



6.9%






GM
Truck
All
1982
29.5%
0.1%
70.4%


85.1%



14.9%






GM
Truck
All
1983
26.5%
0.1%
73.5%


90.9%



9.1%






GM
Truck
All
1984
24.6%
0.9%
74.6%


94.7%



5.3%






GM
Truck
All
1985
22.6%
2.5%
74.9%


89.6%


8.0%
2.4%






GM
Truck
All
1986
26.1%
4.8%
69.1%


59.7%


38.2%
2.1%






GM
Truck
All
1987
23.0%
10.6%
66.4%


7.9%


91.3%
0.8%






GM
Truck
All
1988
21.2%
9.0%
69.8%


1.4%

4.7%
93.4%
0.6%






GM
Truck
All
1989
22.7%
2.6%
74.7%


1.7%

3.6%
94.3%
0.4%






GM
Truck
All
1990
19.6%
4.7%
75.7%


2.5%

3.1%
94.0%
0.5%






GM
Truck
All
1991
29.7%

70.3%


1.8%

1.2%
96.7%
0.4%






GM
Truck
All
1992
24.5%

75.5%


2.3%

11.1%
86.3%
0.2%






GM
Truck
All
1993
17.6%

82.4%


1.4%

19.6%
79.1%







GM
Truck
All
1994
14.4%

85.6%


1.1%

32.0%
66.9%

3.2%





GM
Truck
All
1995
17.1%

82.9%




46.0%
54.0%

6.5%





GM
Truck
All
1996
13.0%

87.0%




99.8%

0.2%
5.1%





GM
Truck
All
1997
9.2%

90.8%




99.9%

0.1%
3.1%





GM
Truck
All
1998
11.7%

88.3%




99.9%

0.1%
4.1%





GM
Truck
All
1999
5.9%

94.1%




100.0%

0.0%
3.1%





GM
Truck
All
2000
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


2.1%





GM
Truck
All
2001
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%


2.6%





GM
Truck
All
2002
1.0%

98.9%
0.1%



100.0%


21.7%
19.2%




GM
Truck
All
2003
2.6%

96.8%
0.6%



100.0%


19.5%
17.4%




GM
Truck
All
2004
1.1%

98.6%
0.3%



100.0%


27.7%
25.4%
0.0%



GM
Truck
All
2005
1.9%

98.0%
0.1%



100.0%


29.2%
29.1%
0.1%



GM
Truck
All
2006
2.3%

97.7%




100.0%


34.7%
35.3%
0.2%



GM
Truck
All
2007
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


16.1%
30.6%
0.0%



GM
Truck
All
2008
0.5%

98.9%
0.6%



100.0%


25.9%
41.5%
0.6%



GM
Truck
All
2009
0.5%

98.3%
1.1%


9.8%
90.2%


32.2%
36.7%
1.1%



GM
Truck
All
2010
0.2%

99.4%
0.4%


30.2%
69.8%


36.1%
94.8%
0.4%



GM
Truck
All
2011
0.1%

99.6%
0.3%


26.3%
73.7%


29.2%
95.7%
0.3%



GM
Truck
All
2012
0.2%

99.6%
0.2%


31.7%
68.3%


38.5%
95.1%
0.2%



GM
Truck
All
2013


99.8%
0.2%


26.5%
73.5%


27.4%
95.4%
0.2%



GM
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



87.6%
12.4%


29.9%
98.9%




GM
Truck
All
2015
0.1%

99.9%



96.7%
3.3%


33.5%
100.0%




GM
Truck
All
2016
0.2%

99.8%



94.7%
4.3%

1.0%
41.9%
99.0%
0.1%



GM
Truck
All
2017
0.1%

99.9%



95.8%
3.4%

0.8%
46.0%
99.2%
0.2%



GM
Truck
All
2018
0.2%

99.0%
0.9%


95.1%
2.7%

2.2%
49.1%
97.8%
0.2%



GM
All
All
1975
12.0%
88.0%



98.2%

1.8%








GM
All
All
1976
11.4%
88.6%



98.7%

1.3%








GM
All
All
1977
7.6%
92.4%



99.0%

1.0%








GM
All
All
1978
9.5%
90.5%



97.6%

1.4%

0.9%






GM
All
All
1979
10.6%
85.2%
4.2%


95.5%

1.6%

2.9%






GM
All
All
1980
15.7%
59.0%
25.3%


93.8%

0.3%
0.9%
5.1%






GM
All
All
1981
12.5%
27.2%
60.2%


88.8%


3.3%
7.9%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-14	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
GM
All
All
1982
23.5
18.0
23.4
20.1
482
370
447
3490


221
115
16.2
0.551
0.0328
41.3


30.4%
2.3%
67.3%
GM
All
All
1983
22.9
17.5
22.9
19.5
496
377
457
3582


229
120
14.5
0.551
0.0334
41.1


29.7%
5.5%
64.8%
GM
All
All
1984
23.5
17.9
23.5
20.0
480
365
445
3498


217
118
14.5
0.576
0.0337
41.2


36.2%
5.8%
58.1%
GM
All
All
1985
24.0
18.2
24.2
20.5
469
352
434
3497


215
121
14.1
0.587
0.0344
42.2


46.6%
7.1%
46.2%
GM
All
All
1986
25.1
19.0
25.2
21.4
446
337
415
3366


202
120
13.3
0.624
0.0354
42.6


56.2%
6.5%
37.3%
GM
All
All
1987
25.3
18.9
25.5
21.4
449
335
414
3386


204
129
13.0
0.658
0.0377
43.0


58.7%
7.3%
34.0%
GM
All
All
1988
25.2
18.8
25.3
21.3
451
334
417
3444


206
133
12.9
0.675
0.0384
43.8


61.9%
9.5%
28.6%
GM
All
All
1989
24.8
18.3
24.8
20.9
465
343
425
3477


215
143
11.9
0.693
0.0408
43.3


60.9%
10.4%
28.7%
GM
All
All
1990
24.5
17.9
24.6
20.6
475
344
431
3560


212
146
11.2
0.722
0.0408
43.8


68.9%
9.2%
21.8%
GM
All
All
1991
24.8
18.0
24.9
20.8
473
343
427
3500


211
144
11.3
0.716
0.0410
43.5


59.6%
11.1%
29.4%
GM
All
All
1992
24.2
17.4
24.5
20.3
487
348
438
3585


217
152
10.7
0.738
0.0423
43.6


63.3%
10.2%
26.5%
GM
All
All
1993
24.3
17.5
24.3
20.3
486
350
438
3631


219
157
9.9
0.751
0.0432
44.3


61.8%
11.9%
26.2%
GM
All
All
1994
24.1
17.3
23.7
20.0
491
356
444
3700


221
161
9.8
0.765
0.0434
44.7


56.1%
15.6%
28.3%
GM
All
All
1995
23.9
17.0
23.6
19.8
500
358
448
3760


223
170
9.7
0.803
0.0455
45.2


56.5%
17.2%
26.3%
GM
All
All
1996
24.7
17.4
24.3
20.4
493
350
436
3766


220
179
9.9
0.841
0.0473
46.5


57.9%
17.2%
24.9%
GM
All
All
1997
24.4
17.1
23.9
20.1
498
355
442
3841


222
185
9.8
0.860
0.0481
46.8


60.2%
17.9%
21.9%
GM
All
All
1998
24.5
17.1
23.9
20.1
504
358
442
3781


220
185
10.0
0.863
0.0486
46.4


59.7%
17.6%
22.7%
GM
All
All
1999
23.7
16.6
22.9
19.4
518
371
457
3935


228
190
10.0
0.855
0.0481
46.7


57.2%
20.2%
22.6%
GM
All
All
2000
23.8
16.5
22.8
19.4
522
372
457
3962


228
193
9.6
0.860
0.0483
47.2


52.9%
21.9%
25.2%
GM
All
All
2001
23.8
16.5
22.6
19.4
521
373
459
4032


228
198
9.3
0.886
0.0491
48.1


54.6%
19.9%
25.5%
GM
All
All
2002
23.2
15.9
22.0
18.8
537
383
473
4210


239
216
9.1
0.916
0.0512
48.7


49.5%
28.1%
22.3%
GM
All
All
2003
23.1
15.8
21.9
18.7
543
386
475
4272


236
215
9.2
0.926
0.0502
49.3


46.8%
27.6%
25.6%
GM
All
All
2004
23.4
15.9
22.1
18.9
539
380
471
4287


242
225
8.9
0.946
0.0523
50.1


47.6%
29.1%
23.4%
GM
All
All
2005
23.8
16.0
22.5
19.1
537
378
464
4276


236
225
8.9
0.963
0.0524
50.8


48.8%
28.1%
23.0%
GM
All
All
2006
24.4
16.4
23.0
19.6
528
371
454
4183


229
224
8.9
0.993
0.0534
51.0


53.8%
24.9%
21.4%
GM
All
All
2007
23.8
15.9
22.6
19.1
539
379
464
4492


243
241
8.9
1.007
0.0534
53.2


47.6%
27.0%
25.5%
GM
All
All
2008
24.4
16.3
23.3
19.6
529
370
452
4421
51.6

235
239
8.9
1.038
0.0539
53.8


53.1%
25.8%
21.2%
GM
All
All
2009
25.6
17.1
24.3
20.6
499
351
432
4305
51.5

222
235
8.6
1.082
0.0541
55.3


58.1%
21.6%
20.3%
GM
All
All
2010
26.5
17.5
25.3
21.3
491
340
418
4349
51.5

221
245
8.4
1.139
0.0562
57.6


54.5%
25.6%
19.8%
GM
All
All
2011
25.8
17.1
24.5
20.7
501
350
430
4566
53.4

225
254
8.4
1.178
0.0552
59.2


49.9%
32.0%
18.1%
GM
All
All
2012
27.2
17.9
25.8
21.7
471
328
410
4392
52.0

208
244
8.4
1.231
0.0551
60.8


56.3%
28.4%
15.2%
GM
All
All
2013
27.7
18.3
26.2
22.1
440
318
402
4399
51.9

209
249
8.3
1.258
0.0560
62.5


55.1%
28.3%
16.5%
GM
All
All
2014
28.6
18.9
26.7
22.7
0
0
392
4410
53.2

209
255
8.2
1.289
0.0571
64.2


53.0%
29.9%
17.1%
GM
All
All
2015
28.0
18.5
26.2
22.2
0
0
399
4602
53.9

224
272
8.1
1.276
0.0584
65.0


43.5%
38.7%
17.7%
GM
All
All
2016
28.2
18.7
26.4
22.4
0
0
397
4518
53.2

211
264
8.1
1.336
0.0576
65.1


44.7%
38.5%
16.8%
GM
All
All
2017
28.7
19.1
26.9
22.9
0
0
388
4520
53.5

212
265
8.0
1.342
0.0578
71.0


45.5%
39.4%
15.1%
GM
All
All
2018
29.7
19.8
27.0
23.3
0
0
380
4429
53.3

199
266
7.8
1.473
0.0590
69.1


41.3%
41.9%
16.8%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
22.0
17.0
21.5
18.8
518
406
474
2718


121
89

0.738
0.0325
30.0




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
25.0
19.1
24.9
21.3
462
351
417
2735


115
85

0.741
0.0309
34.3




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
28.7
22.3
27.8
24.5
387
312
363
2628

88.1
108
80

0.742
0.0301
38.2
2593
3361


100.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
26.8
21.0
25.6
22.8
408
338
389
2622

90.7
113
82
14.4
0.741
0.0313
35.8
2491
3233


100.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
24.0
18.7
23.1
20.5
461
375
434
2701

88.1
113
81
16.0
0.730
0.0299
32.7
2166
2882


100.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
27.4
21.7
25.7
23.3
400
336
381
2620

91.0
115
78
16.3
0.682
0.0298
36.2
2561
3295
18.1%

81.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
30.9
24.6
28.7
26.3
354
301
338
2557

90.5
114
76
16.6
0.667
0.0294
39.8
2851
3595
20.4%

79.6%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
30.4
24.0
28.7
25.9
362
303
343
2575

91.4
118
81
17.2
0.682
0.0308
39.3
2829
3591
25.0%

75.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-15	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
GM
All
All
1982
12.6%
0.1%
87.3%


75.4%


16.8%
7.8%






GM
All
All
1983
10.6%
0.2%
89.2%


73.2%

0.2%
23.2%
3.4%






GM
All
All
1984
11.8%
0.3%
87.8%


70.4%

0.8%
27.2%
1.7%






GM
All
All
1985
10.0%
1.2%
88.8%


56.9%

13.3%
29.1%
0.7%






GM
All
All
1986
12.7%
2.5%
84.7%


40.6%

20.4%
38.6%
0.4%






GM
All
All
1987
11.1%
4.0%
84.9%


19.6%

29.1%
51.1%
0.2%






GM
All
All
1988
13.1%
3.9%
83.1%


9.1%

36.7%
54.0%
0.2%






GM
All
All
1989
12.4%
1.9%
85.7%


3.5%

39.7%
56.7%
0.1%






GM
All
All
1990
11.3%
2.1%
86.6%


1.5%

48.4%
49.9%
0.1%






GM
All
All
1991
16.7%
1.6%
81.7%


0.6%

37.6%
61.7%
0.1%






GM
All
All
1992
14.2%
2.0%
83.9%


0.8%

58.6%
40.5%
0.1%






GM
All
All
1993
13.0%
1.0%
86.0%


0.5%

62.8%
36.6%







GM
All
All
1994
12.4%
0.9%
86.6%


0.4%

70.0%
29.6%

9.7%





GM
All
All
1995
12.3%
0.7%
87.0%




77.5%
22.5%

14.8%





GM
All
All
1996
10.4%

89.6%




99.9%

0.1%
18.0%





GM
All
All
1997
8.8%
1.1%
90.1%




98.5%
1.5%
0.0%
18.7%





GM
All
All
1998
9.0%
0.4%
90.6%




99.7%
0.3%
0.0%
16.9%





GM
All
All
1999
6.1%
0.4%
93.5%




99.8%
0.2%
0.0%
18.8%





GM
All
All
2000
4.8%
0.5%
94.6%




99.9%
0.1%

14.2%
0.8%




GM
All
All
2001
4.1%
0.4%
95.5%




100.0%


16.3%
1.2%




GM
All
All
2002
3.6%

96.4%
0.1%



100.0%


23.8%
10.1%




GM
All
All
2003
3.6%

95.3%
1.1%



100.0%


29.6%
11.0%




GM
All
All
2004
3.5%

95.8%
0.7%



100.0%


36.7%
17.1%
0.0%



GM
All
All
2005
3.5%

96.5%
0.0%



100.0%


32.8%
19.6%
0.0%



GM
All
All
2006
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


42.8%
27.8%
0.1%



GM
All
All
2007
3.3%

96.7%



0.1%
99.9%


31.4%
37.5%
0.2%



GM
All
All
2008
2.4%

97.3%
0.3%


1.4%
98.6%


41.0%
50.2%
0.4%



GM
All
All
2009
3.0%

96.6%
0.5%


5.8%
94.2%


53.0%
60.8%
1.0%



GM
All
All
2010
3.2%

96.6%
0.1%


33.7%
66.3%


61.8%
94.8%
0.2%



GM
All
All
2011
1.9%

97.8%
0.3%


34.9%
65.1%


57.6%
95.1%
0.1%



GM
All
All
2012
2.8%

96.4%
0.9%


48.9%
51.1%


74.5%
97.1%
1.6%



GM
All
All
2013
2.3%

96.4%
1.3%


53.0%
47.0%


69.9%
96.9%
3.2%



GM
All
All
2014
2.0%
0.1%
95.5%
2.5%


73.9%
25.6%

0.4%
67.7%
98.6%
1.2%



GM
All
All
2015
1.3%
0.1%
97.3%
1.3%


84.5%
15.3%

0.1%
62.4%
99.4%
0.6%



GM
All
All
2016
1.1%
0.1%
97.5%
1.3%


86.0%
13.4%

0.5%
67.0%
99.3%
0.6%



GM
All
All
2017
1.1%
1.0%
95.3%
2.7%


90.0%
8.5%

0.5%
66.2%
98.4%
1.6%



GM
All
All
2018
1.6%
0.9%
95.2%
2.3%


88.8%
8.2%

2.1%
67.9%
97.0%
1.6%



Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
68.3%
31.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
62.0%
38.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
74.8%
25.2%



100.0%







100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
68.2%
31.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
64.3%
35.7%



94.1%

5.9%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
63.4%
36.6%



94.8%

5.2%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
58.7%
41.3%



93.6%

6.4%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
56.5%
39.3%
4.2%


87.2%

12.8%





100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-16	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
32.6
25.9
30.4
27.7
334
287
320
2663

96.2
115
85
15.8
0.728
0.0311
43.6
3221
4196
28.3%
31.5%
40.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
32.9
26.0
30.9
28.0
335
282
318
2697

99.8
116
87
15.5
0.740
0.0316
44.6
3372
4455
54.4%
5.5%
40.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
32.8
25.9
31.1
28.0
336
282
318
2708

101.6
116
91
15.2
0.774
0.0329
44.6
3420
4544
35.6%
25.5%
38.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
32.3
25.2
30.5
27.3
346
288
325
2761

98.4
115
97
13.8
0.833
0.0345
44.7
3240
4397
81.9%

18.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
32.9
25.4
31.2
27.8
341
279
320
2831

98.7
115
107
13.4
0.916
0.0369
46.7
3320
4616
81.3%
1.0%
17.8%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
32.7
25.2
30.6
27.5
347
287
324
2786

96.3
111
105
13.5
0.932
0.0371
45.6
3192
4396
93.9%
0.9%
5.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
31.8
24.3
29.8
26.7
357
294
333
2836

96.3
115
110
12.7
0.952
0.0383
45.2
3113
4359
90.5%
1.2%
8.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
30.4
23.0
28.5
25.4
377
308
350
2961

97.1
122
121
11.6
0.994
0.0402
45.1
2993
4387
91.2%
0.5%
8.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
30.6
23.0
28.5
25.4
378
308
349
2921

97.3
120
120
11.6
0.999
0.0405
44.7
3023
4363
84.7%

15.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
28.9
21.5
27.2
24.0
401
321
371
3096

101.9
129
131
11.2
1.017
0.0415
44.6
2989
4558
60.7%

39.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
29.0
21.2
27.5
24.0
406
317
371
3142

104.7
132
138
10.2
1.039
0.0430
45.5
3091
4774
91.3%

8.7%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
29.1
21.1
27.6
24.0
409
318
371
3145

104.8
131
131
10.4
1.002
0.0412
45.6
3094
4792
94.2%

5.8%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
30.0
21.6
28.6
24.7
401
306
360
3177

105.9
135
139
10.8
1.030
0.0431
47.7
3222
5056
62.0%

38.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
29.5
21.1
27.9
24.2
411
314
368
3204

107.1
134
134
11.1
0.997
0.0414
47.3
3196
5066
96.0%

4.0%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
29.8
21.1
28.3
24.3
414
312
365
3232

106.2
137
142
10.8
1.030
0.0432
48.2
3190
5135
96.9%

3.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
30.2
21.2
28.6
24.6
410
306
361
3313

108.3
143
152
10.7
1.057
0.0456
50.3
3317
5449
93.1%

6.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
30.4
21.2
28.5
24.6
411
308
361
3304

107.8
142
153
10.6
1.070
0.0459
50.3
3310
5425
94.5%

5.5%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
30.5
21.1
28.8
24.7
412
305
360
3260

107.6
141
155
9.9
1.107
0.0475
49.9
3331
5382
95.3%

4.7%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
31.3
21.4
29.3
25.1
398
296
354
3242

106.9
141
156
9.8
1.106
0.0477
51.5
3441
5501
88.9%

11.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
30.7
20.9
28.8
24.6
411
303
361
3352

111.1
154
170
9.5
1.107
0.0503
52.1
3494
5794
89.3%

10.7%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
32.4
21.9
30.1
25.8
395
291
344
3200

111.0
140
159
9.4
1.142
0.0493
52.3
3668
5808
93.1%
0.8%
6.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
32.7
21.9
30.2
25.9
385
288
343
3295

111.8
143
162
9.4
1.131
0.0485
55.1
3808
6162
92.8%
0.7%
6.4%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
34.7
23.1
31.4
27.2
359
276
327
3223

110.6
137
153
9.4
1.114
0.0468
57.9
4050
6424
95.7%
0.8%
3.5%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
34.5
23.0
31.1
27.0
363
280
329
3236

108.7
138
158
9.5
1.128
0.0476
57.3
3935
6256
88.8%
3.6%
7.6%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
34.9
23.3
31.5
27.3
355
276
325
3362

109.8
145
169
9.3
1.138
0.0490
60.7
4052
6691
92.9%
1.5%
5.6%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
36.0
24.2
31.9
28.1
333
270
317
3322
44.2
108.9
141
164
9.3
1.125
0.0478
62.9
4242
6886
90.4%
2.4%
7.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
36.3
24.3
32.4
28.3
347
270
314
3315
44.4
109.8
134
154
9.5
1.141
0.0457
61.8
4145
6800
95.4%
2.1%
2.5%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
39.4
26.5
34.2
30.4
303
252
292
3335
44.0
109.3
131
152
9.5
1.141
0.0450
71.3
4707
7874
95.1%
1.6%
3.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
36.6
24.2
32.4
28.3
338
269
314
3470
45.4
112.2
145
171
9.0
1.159
0.0485
67.8
4410
7624
95.7%
1.5%
2.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
41.1
27.5
34.6
31.1
294
252
286
3389
45.0
112.9
137
156
9.2
1.120
0.0456
74.8
5013
8495
96.6%
1.0%
2.4%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
41.0
27.3
34.4
31.0
0
0
287
3405
44.9
111.3
139
162
9.1
1.146
0.0470
75.6
4976
8479
91.9%
2.0%
6.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
40.7
27.0
34.6
30.9
303
252
288
3415
45.6
113.7
141
165
8.9
1.155
0.0476
73.7
4947
8403
92.6%
2.0%
5.4%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
41.2
27.3
34.9
31.2
297
250
285
3407
45.5
112.9
139
163
9.0
1.154
0.0471
74.9
5014
8487
90.6%
2.5%
6.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
40.8
27.0
35.1
31.1
0
0
286
3365
45.5
112.9
136
163
9.0
1.186
0.0477
71.9
4879
8152
92.9%
1.9%
5.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
41.6
27.7
36.0
31.9
0
0
278
3368
45.5
113.4
135
160
9.1
1.170
0.0469
77.3
5217
8784
94.6%
1.5%
3.9%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
44.2
29.1
37.3
33.3
0
0
267
3413
45.8
111.6
137
173
8.6
1.234
0.0495
80.3
5311
9024
92.9%
2.5%
4.6%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1975
12.0
9.0
12.2
10.2
983
728
868
4000


257
110

0.428
0.0275
24.0




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1976
10.7
8.0
11.3
9.2
1111
790
966
4000


258
125

0.484
0.0313
21.5




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1977
13.7
10.7
13.1
11.7
808
656
762
4000


258
125

0.484
0.0313
28.2




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1978
13.0
9.8
13.1
11.1
883
671
803
4000


258
125
14.2
0.484
0.0313
26.4




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1979
13.8
11.0
12.8
11.7
807
697
757
4000


258
125
14.1
0.484
0.0313
27.6




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1983





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-17	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
56.7%
31.4%
11.9%


61.3%

38.7%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
47.7%
13.6%
38.7%


53.8%

44.4%

1.8%



100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
45.2%
10.0%
44.8%


48.0%

51.5%

0.5%



99.5%
0.5%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
41.2%
5.4%
53.4%


40.2%

59.6%

0.2%
14.8%


99.3%
0.7%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
37.9%
1.0%
61.1%


40.4%

59.6%


69.0%


99.8%
0.2%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
33.6%
0.1%
66.4%


48.2%

51.8%


89.8%


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
28.9%

71.1%


45.0%

55.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
23.1%

76.9%


10.8%

89.2%


100.0%
5.7%

94.3%
5.7%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
27.0%

73.0%




100.0%


100.0%
5.6%

94.4%
5.6%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
21.6%

78.4%




100.0%


100.0%
7.7%

60.2%
39.8%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
19.0%

81.0%




100.0%


100.0%
8.3%

55.4%
44.6%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
17.2%

82.8%




100.0%


100.0%
5.4%

53.3%
46.7%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
10.9%

89.1%




100.0%


100.0%
6.0%

49.1%
43.3%
7.6%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
8.2%

91.8%




100.0%


100.0%
3.9%

43.4%
48.0%
8.6%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


100.0%
3.0%

43.6%
47.3%
9.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


100.0%
6.8%

35.7%
55.1%
9.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
10.5%

40.9%
52.4%
6.7%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
7.7%

92.3%




100.0%


100.0%
52.7%

43.2%
45.5%
11.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
6.4%

91.9%
1.8%



100.0%


100.0%
60.8%
1.8%
49.8%
38.0%
12.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
5.4%

92.2%
2.4%



100.0%


100.0%
87.8%
2.4%
34.4%
58.4%
7.2%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
6.0%

92.7%
1.3%



100.0%


100.0%
97.5%
1.3%
48.9%
42.8%
8.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
5.5%

89.7%
4.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
4.8%
46.4%
45.3%
8.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
7.7%

83.5%
8.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
8.9%
48.8%
44.8%
6.4%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
8.1%

84.7%
7.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.2%
60.1%
30.4%
9.5%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
5.1%

82.0%
12.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
13.1%
39.2%
56.3%
4.5%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
6.1%

76.0%
17.8%


0.8%
99.2%


100.0%
100.0%
18.1%
48.5%
46.0%
5.4%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
4.1%

85.2%
10.7%


3.1%
96.9%


100.0%
100.0%
10.8%
50.0%
48.2%
1.8%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
2.5%

76.4%
21.0%


2.6%
97.4%


100.0%
100.0%
21.0%
51.0%
47.9%
1.1%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
1.5%

83.4%
15.1%


4.3%
95.7%


100.0%
100.0%
15.1%
31.7%
63.0%
5.3%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
1.2%

71.9%
26.8%


2.3%
97.7%


100.0%
100.0%
26.0%
35.6%
62.7%
1.7%
Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
2.7%

69.5%
27.8%


1.0%
99.0%


100.0%
100.0%
27.5%
41.6%
58.4%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
1.5%

55.3%
43.2%


3.4%
96.6%


100.0%
100.0%
20.6%
14.5%
85.5%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
1.3%

50.5%
48.1%


3.6%
96.4%


100.0%
100.0%
22.2%
15.9%
84.1%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
1.3%

51.5%
47.2%


3.2%
96.7%


99.9%
99.9%
14.4%
13.4%
86.6%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
1.0%

51.5%
47.6%


3.8%
96.0%


99.8%
99.8%
15.3%
10.5%
89.5%

Toyota
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
0.8%

48.2%
51.0%


3.6%
96.3%


99.9%
99.9%
17.9%
16.6%
83.4%

Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1975
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1976
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1977
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1978
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1983
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-18	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1986





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1987





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1988





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1989





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1990
20.9
16.1
19.1
17.4
549
465
510
4000


173
143
12.3
0.828
0.0359
41.8




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1991
21.4
16.3
20.0
17.9
546
443
496
4000


178
147
12.1
0.830
0.0369
42.9




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1992
17.1
13.0
15.7
14.2
684
565
625
4000


180
150
11.7
0.833
0.0375
34.1




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1993
18.2
13.7
16.7
15.1
646
533
589
4000


180
150
10.9
0.833
0.0375
36.3




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1994





















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1995
21.4
15.8
19.8
17.6
563
450
505
4000


180
150
11.1
0.833
0.0375
42.7




100.0%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1996
25.9
19.0
23.5
21.1
458
370
421
3333


164
151
10.5
0.933
0.0451
43.4


42.9%

57.1%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1997
27.9
20.4
25.0
22.6
434
354
393
3019


135
131
10.7
0.970
0.0433
42.2


58.2%

41.8%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1998
29.8
21.6
26.8
24.1
410
331
369
3053


124
126
11.5
1.019
0.0414
45.5


94.7%

5.3%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1999
27.5
19.7
24.9
22.2
445
354
401
3449


149
169
10.4
1.113
0.0480
47.2


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2000
26.4
18.8
24.0
21.3
466
367
417
3591


158
182
9.7
1.136
0.0498
47.3


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2001
27.1
19.1
24.4
21.7
458
360
409
3454


150
181
9.3
1.208
0.0519
46.6


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2002
27.7
19.4
24.8
22.1
452
354
403
3359


144
174
9.5
1.209
0.0514
46.4


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2003
28.4
19.8
25.3
22.5
444
348
395
3256


138
166
9.5
1.210
0.0508
46.1


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2004
27.2
18.8
24.4
21.6
468
362
412
3600


179
202
8.6
1.130
0.0560
48.8


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2005
27.8
19.1
24.7
22.0
460
357
405
3485


172
194
8.7
1.128
0.0555
48.3


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2006
29.0
19.8
25.9
22.9
446
341
389
3693


168
194
9.2
1.156
0.0521
53.7


100.0%


Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2007
27.8
19.1
24.8
22.0
463
354
405
3765


184
216
CO
CO
1.177
0.0569
52.6


85.9%

14.1%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2008
28.2
19.3
25.1
22.2
456
351
400
3759
45.1

181
217
CO
CO
1.197
0.0572
53.2


92.9%

7.1%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2009
29.2
19.7
26.4
23.0
447
334
386
3818
45.4

182
223
8.4
1.216
0.0580
55.9


99.5%

0.5%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2010
29.6
20.1
26.7
23.4
437
331
380
4025
46.8

184
227
8.5
1.224
0.0560
59.9


98.5%

1.5%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2011
30.0
20.3
26.8
23.5
435
331
378
3906
46.3

177
214
8.7
1.204
0.0546
58.7


99.1%

0.9%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2012
30.1
20.3
26.7
23.5
0
0
377
3900
46.1

177
216
8.7
1.212
0.0550
59.3


98.9%

1.1%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2013
31.3
21.1
27.5
24.3
0
0
365
3946
46.5

178
214
8.5
1.199
0.0539
62.5


99.6%

0.4%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2014
32.6
21.9
28.6
25.3
0
0
351
3776
45.9

169
200
8.6
1.184
0.0527
62.7


99.5%

0.5%
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2015
31.8
21.5
27.9
24.7
408
316
359
3932
46.0

168
211
8.5
1.266
0.0533
62.7


93.9%
6.1%

Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2016
33.2
22.4
29.0
25.7
395
306
346
3863
45.6

158
206
8.6
1.321
0.0529
64.0


87.2%
12.8%

Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2017
33.1
22.4
29.5
25.9
396
300
342
3855
45.9

161
212
8.4
1.323
0.0544
63.7


97.5%
2.5%

Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2018
34.2
22.9
29.8
26.4
386
298
337
3693
45.3

158
188
8.9
1.180
0.0506
63.0


100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1975
21.6
16.7
21.2
18.4
524
410
482
2746


124
89

0.731
0.0324
29.9




100.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1976
24.3
18.5
24.3
20.8
467
355
428
2761


118
86

0.736
0.0309
34.0




100.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1977
27.8
21.6
26.9
23.7
393
317
375
2668


113
81

0.735
0.0301
37.9




100.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1978
26.1
20.4
24.9
22.2
414
343
400
2658


116
84
14.4
0.734
0.0313
35.5




100.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1979
23.8
18.6
22.9
20.3
463
377
437
2712


114
82
16.0
0.728
0.0299
32.7




100.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1980
27.4
21.7
25.7
23.3
400
336
381
2620


115
78
16.3
0.682
0.0298
36.2


18.1%

81.9%
Toyota
Car
All
1981
30.9
24.6
28.7
26.3
354
301
338
2557


114
76
16.6
0.667
0.0294
39.8


20.4%

79.6%
Toyota
Car
All
1982
30.4
24.0
28.7
25.9
362
303
343
2575


118
81
17.2
0.682
0.0308
39.3


25.0%

75.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1983
32.6
25.9
30.4
27.7
334
287
320
2663


115
85
15.8
0.728
0.0311
43.6


28.3%
31.5%
40.3%
Toyota
Car
All
1984
32.9
26.0
30.9
28.0
335
282
318
2697


116
87
15.5
0.740
0.0316
44.6


54.4%
5.5%
40.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-19	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1986
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1987
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1988
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1989
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1990

19.4%
80.6%




100.0%








Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1991

6.7%
93.3%




100.0%








Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1992


100.0%




100.0%








Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1993


100.0%




100.0%








Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1994
















Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1995


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1996
15.0%

85.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1997
38.8%
17.4%
43.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1998
20.9%

79.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Car
Car SUV
1999
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


100.0%
44.9%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2000
4.7%

95.3%




100.0%


100.0%
59.1%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2001
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2002
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2003
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2004
2.2%

97.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2005
2.8%

97.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2010


96.2%
3.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.8%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2011


98.0%
2.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2012


97.4%
2.6%



99.5%


99.5%
99.5%
2.1%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2013


96.6%
3.4%



99.6%


99.6%
99.6%
3.0%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2014


98.0%
2.0%



99.0%


99.0%
99.0%
1.0%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2015


98.0%
2.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2016


99.6%
0.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%



Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Car
All
1975
69.0%
31.0%



100.0%










Toyota
Car
All
1976
62.8%
37.2%



100.0%










Toyota
Car
All
1977
75.6%
24.4%



100.0%










Toyota
Car
All
1978
69.1%
30.9%



100.0%










Toyota
Car
All
1979
64.6%
35.4%



94.2%

5.8%








Toyota
Car
All
1980
63.4%
36.6%



94.8%

5.2%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1981
58.7%
41.3%



93.6%

6.4%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1982
56.5%
39.3%
4.2%


87.2%

12.8%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1983
56.7%
31.4%
11.9%


61.3%

38.7%





100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1984
47.7%
13.6%
38.7%


53.8%

44.4%

1.8%



100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-20	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Car
All
1985
32.8
25.9
31.1
28.0
336
282
318
2708


116
91
15.2
0.774
0.0329
44.6


35.6%
25.5%
38.9%
Toyota
Car
All
1986
32.3
25.2
30.5
27.3
346
288
325
2761


115
97
13.8
0.833
0.0345
44.7


81.9%

18.1%
Toyota
Car
All
1987
32.9
25.4
31.2
27.8
341
279
320
2831


115
107
13.4
0.916
0.0369
46.7


81.3%
1.0%
17.8%
Toyota
Car
All
1988
32.7
25.2
30.6
27.5
347
287
324
2786


111
105
13.5
0.932
0.0371
45.6


93.9%
0.9%
5.2%
Toyota
Car
All
1989
31.8
24.3
29.8
26.7
357
294
333
2836


115
110
12.7
0.952
0.0383
45.2


90.5%
1.2%
8.3%
Toyota
Car
All
1990
30.3
23.0
28.4
25.3
378
308
351
2970


122
122
11.6
0.992
0.0401
45.1


90.5%
0.5%
9.0%
Toyota
Car
All
1991
30.5
23.0
28.5
25.4
379
308
350
2928


121
121
11.6
0.998
0.0404
44.7


84.1%

15.9%
Toyota
Car
All
1992
28.8
21.4
27.1
23.9
402
322
372
3101


129
131
11.2
1.016
0.0415
44.5


60.3%

39.7%
Toyota
Car
All
1993
28.8
21.1
27.4
23.8
407
318
373
3150


132
138
10.2
1.037
0.0429
45.4


90.4%

9.6%
Toyota
Car
All
1994
29.1
21.1
27.6
24.0
409
318
371
3145


131
131
10.4
1.002
0.0412
45.6


94.2%

5.8%
Toyota
Car
All
1995
29.5
21.3
28.1
24.3
406
310
366
3210


137
139
10.8
1.022
0.0429
47.5


59.5%

40.5%
Toyota
Car
All
1996
29.3
21.0
27.7
24.0
413
317
370
3211


136
135
11.1
0.994
0.0416
47.1


93.3%

6.7%
Toyota
Car
All
1997
29.5
21.0
27.8
24.1
416
317
369
3203


136
140
10.8
1.022
0.0432
47.4


91.7%

8.3%
Toyota
Car
All
1998
30.2
21.2
28.6
24.6
410
307
362
3304


142
151
10.7
1.056
0.0454
50.1


93.2%

6.8%
Toyota
Car
All
1999
30.2
21.1
28.3
24.5
413
310
363
3311


142
154
10.6
1.072
0.0460
50.2


94.8%

5.2%
Toyota
Car
All
2000
30.3
21.0
28.5
24.5
415
307
363
3277


141
157
9.8
1.108
0.0476
49.8


95.6%

4.4%
Toyota
Car
All
2001
30.9
21.2
28.9
24.8
402
300
358
3258


141
158
9.8
1.114
0.0480
51.1


89.8%

10.2%
Toyota
Car
All
2002
30.4
20.7
28.4
24.4
414
307
365
3352


153
171
9.5
1.115
0.0504
51.7


90.2%

9.8%
Toyota
Car
All
2003
32.2
21.8
29.8
25.6
397
293
347
3202


140
159
9.4
1.145
0.0494
52.0


93.4%
0.8%
5.8%
Toyota
Car
All
2004
32.1
21.6
29.6
25.4
391
293
349
3323


147
166
9.3
1.131
0.0492
54.5


93.5%
0.7%
5.8%
Toyota
Car
All
2005
34.2
22.8
31.0
26.9
363
279
331
3238


139
156
9.4
1.115
0.0473
57.4


95.9%
0.7%
3.4%
Toyota
Car
All
2006
34.1
22.8
30.8
26.8
367
282
332
3260


140
160
9.5
1.129
0.0479
57.1


89.3%
3.4%
7.2%
Toyota
Car
All
2007
34.3
22.9
30.9
26.9
360
280
330
3389


148
173
9.2
1.141
0.0496
60.2


92.4%
1.4%
6.2%
Toyota
Car
All
2008
35.2
23.7
31.2
27.4
342
276
324
3360
44.3

145
169
9.3
1.132
0.0486
62.0


90.6%
2.2%
7.2%
Toyota
Car
All
2009
35.6
23.8
31.8
27.8
354
275
320
3357
44.5

138
160
9.4
1.147
0.0467
61.3


95.8%
1.9%
2.3%
Toyota
Car
All
2010
38.1
25.6
33.3
29.5
313
258
302
3406
44.3

137
160
9.4
1.149
0.0462
70.1


95.4%
1.4%
3.1%
Toyota
Car
All
2011
35.9
23.7
31.7
27.7
346
274
321
3513
45.5

148
175
9.0
1.164
0.0491
66.9


96.0%
1.3%
2.7%
Toyota
Car
All
2012
40.1
26.8
33.8
30.4
0
0
292
3427
45.0

140
161
9.2
1.127
0.0463
73.7


96.8%
0.9%
2.3%
Toyota
Car
All
2013
39.5
26.4
33.4
30.0
0
0
296
3471
45.1

144
169
9.0
1.152
0.0479
74.0


92.8%
1.8%
5.4%
Toyota
Car
All
2014
39.9
26.5
34.0
30.3
0
0
293
3445
45.6

143
168
8.9
1.157
0.0480
72.8


93.2%
1.9%
5.0%
Toyota
Car
All
2015
39.2
26.1
33.4
29.8
312
259
298
3497
45.6

144
171
8.9
1.174
0.0482
72.8


91.1%
3.1%
5.7%
Toyota
Car
All
2016
39.5
26.2
34.0
30.2
0
0
295
3437
45.5

139
169
9.0
1.206
0.0484
70.8


92.1%
3.5%
4.4%
Toyota
Car
All
2017
39.6
26.5
34.5
30.6
0
0
291
3462
45.6

140
170
8.9
1.200
0.0483
74.7


95.1%
1.7%
3.1%
Toyota
Car
All
2018
42.6
28.1
36.2
32.2
0
0
276
3449
45.7

139
175
8.7
1.227
0.0497
78.1


93.8%
2.2%
4.0%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1975
20.5
16.2
19.3
17.5
548
461
509
3500


133
96

0.722
0.0274
35.9




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1976





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1977





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1978





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1979





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1980





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1981





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1982





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1983





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1984
27.0
22.1
24.0
22.9
402
370
387
3396


122
90
17.9
0.738
0.0266
45.9




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1985
26.6
21.7
23.9
22.6
410
372
393
3274


122
90
17.3
0.738
0.0276
43.6




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-21	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Car
All
1985
45.2%
10.0%
44.8%


48.0%

51.5%

0.5%



99.5%
0.5%

Toyota
Car
All
1986
41.2%
5.4%
53.4%


40.2%

59.6%

0.2%
14.8%


99.3%
0.7%

Toyota
Car
All
1987
37.9%
1.0%
61.1%


40.4%

59.6%


69.0%


99.8%
0.2%

Toyota
Car
All
1988
33.6%
0.1%
66.4%


48.2%

51.8%


89.8%


100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1989
28.9%

71.1%


45.0%

55.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Toyota
Car
All
1990
22.9%
0.2%
76.9%


10.8%

89.2%


99.2%
5.6%




Toyota
Car
All
1991
26.8%
0.0%
73.2%




100.0%


99.3%
5.6%




Toyota
Car
All
1992
21.5%

78.5%




100.0%


99.4%
7.6%




Toyota
Car
All
1993
18.8%

81.2%




100.0%


99.1%
8.2%




Toyota
Car
All
1994
17.2%

82.8%




100.0%


100.0%
5.4%

53.3%
46.7%

Toyota
Car
All
1995
10.5%

89.5%




100.0%


100.0%
5.8%




Toyota
Car
All
1996
8.6%

91.4%




100.0%


100.0%
3.7%




Toyota
Car
All
1997
10.1%
2.3%
87.5%




100.0%


100.0%
2.6%




Toyota
Car
All
1998
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%


100.0%
6.6%




Toyota
Car
All
1999
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%
12.3%




Toyota
Car
All
2000
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%


100.0%
53.1%




Toyota
Car
All
2001
6.3%

92.1%
1.6%



100.0%


100.0%
63.8%
1.6%



Toyota
Car
All
2002
5.3%

92.5%
2.2%



100.0%


100.0%
88.8%
2.2%



Toyota
Car
All
2003
6.0%

92.8%
1.2%



100.0%


100.0%
97.6%
1.2%



Toyota
Car
All
2004
5.2%

90.4%
4.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
4.4%



Toyota
Car
All
2005
7.4%

84.2%
8.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
CO



Toyota
Car
All
2006
7.7%

85.5%
6.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
6.9%



Toyota
Car
All
2007
4.7%

83.2%
12.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
12.2%



Toyota
Car
All
2008
5.6%

78.1%
16.3%


0.7%
99.3%


100.0%
100.0%
16.5%



Toyota
Car
All
2009
3.8%

86.4%
9.8%


2.8%
97.2%


100.0%
100.0%
9.9%



Toyota
Car
All
2010
2.3%

78.5%
19.2%


2.3%
97.7%


100.0%
100.0%
19.2%



Toyota
Car
All
2011
1.3%

84.8%
13.8%


3.9%
96.1%


100.0%
100.0%
13.8%



Toyota
Car
All
2012
1.2%

73.8%
25.1%


2.1%
97.9%


100.0%
100.0%
24.3%



Toyota
Car
All
2013
2.4%

72.8%
24.8%


0.9%
99.1%


99.9%
99.9%
24.5%



Toyota
Car
All
2014
1.3%

58.9%
39.8%


3.1%
96.8%


99.9%
99.9%
19.0%



Toyota
Car
All
2015
1.1%

58.7%
40.2%


3.0%
97.0%


100.0%
100.0%
18.7%



Toyota
Car
All
2016
1.1%

58.4%
40.4%


2.8%
97.2%


99.9%
99.9%
12.4%



Toyota
Car
All
2017
0.8%

60.8%
38.4%


3.1%
96.7%


99.8%
99.8%
12.4%



Toyota
Car
All
2018
0.7%

54.8%
44.5%


3.1%
96.8%


99.9%
99.9%
15.6%



Toyota
Truck
Van
1975

100.0%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Van
1976
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1977
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1978
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1979
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1980
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1981
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1982
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1983
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1984
26.6%

73.4%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1985
28.1%

71.9%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-22	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Truck
Van
1986
26.3
21.4
23.4
22.2
416
380
400
3435


137
101
15.7
0.737
0.0295
45.2




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1987
25.5
20.6
22.5
21.5
430
395
414
3285


137
101
15.6
0.737
0.0310
41.8



16.2%
83.8%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1988
25.8
20.7
22.7
21.6
428
391
411
3515


137
101
16.5
0.737
0.0288
45.4



12.9%
87.1%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1989
25.9
20.7
22.6
21.6
430
392
412
3552


137
101
16.1
0.737
0.0285
45.9



14.7%
85.3%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1990





















Toyota
Truck
Van
1991
22.9
17.3
21.5
19.1
515
414
466
4000


149
138
13.2
0.926
0.0345
45.7



14.8%
85.2%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1992
22.3
16.7
21.0
18.6
533
424
479
4000


149
138
12.9
0.926
0.0345
44.6



15.6%
84.4%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1993
21.9
16.5
20.0
18.1
538
444
491
4000


148
138
12.1
0.931
0.0345
43.8



11.3%
88.7%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1994
22.0
16.3
20.6
18.2
545
432
488
4025


149
141
11.9
0.945
0.0350
44.3



17.3%
82.7%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1995
22.6
16.7
20.8
18.6
532
427
478
4104


149
158
11.6
1.059
0.0385
46.3



23.2%
76.8%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1996
22.4
16.5
20.5
18.4
538
432
483
4065


149
161
11.3
1.081
0.0397
45.5



13.1%
86.9%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1997
22.3
16.3
20.3
18.2
544
438
489
4137


149
161
11.4
1.081
0.0390
46.0



27.4%
72.6%
Toyota
Truck
Van
1998
24.2
17.0
23.2
19.8
521
382
448
4000


183
194
9.9
1.060
0.0485
48.4


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
1999
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
526
387
451
4000


183
190
10.5
1.038
0.0475
48.2


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
2000
24.1
16.8
22.9
19.6
529
388
453
4000


183
190
10.0
1.038
0.0475
48.2


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
2001
24.7
17.3
22.9
20.0
513
388
445
4000


183
210
9.2
1.148
0.0525
49.5


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
2002
24.7
17.2
22.8
19.9
517
389
446
4000


183
210
9.4
1.148
0.0525
49.5


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
2003
24.7
17.1
22.8
19.9
520
391
448
4000


183
210
9.3
1.148
0.0525
49.5


100.0%


Toyota
Truck
Van
2004
25.4
17.1
24.3
20.5
520
365
433
4500


202
230
9.1
1.139
0.0511
57.3


88.2%
11.8%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2005
24.7
16.5
23.6
19.9
540
376
447
4500


202
230
9.0
1.139
0.0511
55.6


86.0%
14.0%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2006
24.8
16.5
23.7
20.0
538
375
445
4500


202
215
9.5
1.064
0.0478
55.8


89.2%
10.8%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2007
26.1
17.7
24.1
20.8
502
368
427
4500


211
266
8.4
1.261
0.0591
58.9


91.7%
8.3%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2008
26.1
17.6
24.0
20.8
503
369
428
4500
54.9

211
266
8.4
1.261
0.0591
58.8


89.9%
10.1%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2009
26.1
17.7
24.1
20.8
503
369
427
4500
54.9

211
266
8.2
1.261
0.0591
58.9


91.3%
8.7%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2010
26.1
17.6
24.0
20.8
504
369
428
4500
54.9

211
266
8.3
1.261
0.0591
58.7


89.6%
10.4%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2011
26.3
17.8
23.8
20.8
498
373
427
4552
56.1

209
263
8.2
1.256
0.0578
59.8


86.0%
14.0%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2012
26.6
17.9
24.4
21.1
496
364
421
4553
56.1

208
261
8.3
1.254
0.0574
60.7


84.9%
15.1%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2013
26.4
17.8
24.4
21.1
498
364
422
4577
56.1

211
270
8.1
1.280
0.0591
60.5


84.7%
15.3%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2014
26.5
17.8
24.4
21.1
498
363
422
4575
56.1

211
266
8.2
1.261
0.0582
60.5


84.9%
15.1%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2015
26.4
17.8
24.4
21.0
500
364
423
4581
56.0

211
266
8.2
1.261
0.0582
60.4


83.7%
16.3%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2016
26.3
17.7
24.4
21.0
500
365
423
4586
56.0

211
266
8.2
1.261
0.0581
60.4


82.8%
17.2%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2017
27.9
18.5
26.3
22.3
479
338
399
4844
56.0

211
295
7.5
1.399
0.0610
67.5


77.9%
22.1%

Toyota
Truck
Van
2018
27.9
18.6
26.1
22.2
478
340
400
4852
56.0

211
296
7.5
1.404
0.0611
67.8


79.0%
21.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
11.6
8.7
12.1
10.0
1012
733
893
4500


258
125

0.484
0.0278
26.4




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
12.7
10.0
11.9
10.8
864
725
824
4500


258
125

0.484
0.0278
29.3




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
11.5
8.9
11.3
9.8
974
779
904
4500


258
125
15.5
0.484
0.0278
26.5




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
13.3
10.4
12.7
11.3
852
701
784
4500


258
125
15.1
0.484
0.0278
29.9



14.5%
85.5%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
13.8
11.0
12.8
11.7
806
696
757
4001


258
125
14.7
0.484
0.0312
27.6



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
14.3
11.3
13.4
12.2
786
662
731
4239


258
125
15.1
0.484
0.0296
30.3



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
14.2
11.2
13.4
12.1
790
665
734
4342


258
125
16.4
0.484
0.0289
30.9



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
14.1
11.2
13.3
12.0
795
669
738
4463


258
125
15.2
0.484
0.0280
31.6



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
17.3
13.6
16.3
14.7
612
517
604
3939


194
109
15.6
0.587
0.0276
35.1



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
21.1
16.8
19.7
18.0
492
423
494
3727


170
118
14.3
0.733
0.0319
41.2



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
23.3
18.6
21.3
19.8
468
408
450
4029


151
117
14.6
0.793
0.0292
47.8



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-23	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Truck
Van
1986
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1987
15.6%

84.4%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1988
14.5%

85.5%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1989
7.8%

92.2%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1990
















Toyota
Truck
Van
1991
3.6%

96.4%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1992
4.2%

95.8%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1993
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Van
1994


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Van
1995


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Van
1996


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Van
2018


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
100.0%




100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
87.2%

12.8%


22.7%

77.3%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
70.8%

29.2%


6.0%

94.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-24	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
22.7
18.0
20.6
19.1
474
417
464
3730


157
118
14.0
0.775
0.0318
43.4



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
20.3
15.9
18.6
17.1
544
465
521
4018


175
134
13.7
0.777
0.0334
41.4



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
19.7
15.3
18.1
16.5
566
480
537
4103


180
140
13.2
0.785
0.0340
41.1



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
19.4
14.8
18.2
16.3
598
486
547
4301


178
147
12.3
0.825
0.0342
41.8



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
18.2
13.8
17.1
15.2
632
513
583
4537


191
149
12.7
0.790
0.0329
41.7



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
17.0
13.0
15.6
14.2
675
564
627
4573


179
150
12.5
0.837
0.0327
39.2



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
17.2
13.1
15.7
14.3
673
563
622
4582


198
161
11.2
0.820
0.0350
39.6



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
17.4
13.1
15.8
14.4
672
559
619
4484


196
161
11.1
0.822
0.0357
39.0



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
17.5
13.2
15.8
14.4
670
559
615
4544


190
156
11.6
0.825
0.0342
39.9



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
21.4
16.1
19.0
17.5
536
451
509
3929


196
171
10.7
0.895
0.0433
42.0



100.0%

Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
20.7
15.3
18.5
16.8
575
475
527
4002


204
182
10.1
0.897
0.0455
41.3



76.5%
23.5%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
22.1
16.3
19.6
17.9
536
445
497
3999


190
176
10.9
0.939
0.0440
44.2



69.1%
30.9%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
22.0
16.0
19.6
17.8
546
445
500
4238


195
192
10.6
0.999
0.0456
46.5



78.1%
21.9%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
21.7
15.7
19.3
17.5
556
453
508
4296


200
192
10.2
0.976
0.0452
46.4



75.7%
24.3%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
21.7
15.6
19.5
17.5
557
445
508
4368


199
203
9.8
1.053
0.0470
47.4


10.8%
71.6%
17.5%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
21.7
15.5
19.4
17.4
561
447
510
4399


205
206
9.8
1.040
0.0472
47.8


16.0%
62.9%
21.2%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
21.7
15.3
19.5
17.4
567
446
510
4447


223
219
9.4
1.022
0.0496
48.4


18.2%
61.8%
20.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
22.2
15.5
19.9
17.7
563
437
502
4536


228
225
9.2
1.013
0.0500
50.5


13.5%
70.1%
16.3%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
22.8
15.8
20.3
18.1
553
430
491
4510


223
233
8.9
1.058
0.0516
51.5


16.5%
67.5%
16.1%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
24.4
17.2
21.1
19.2
490
412
463
4533


220
224
CO
CO
1.034
0.0494
57.0


16.4%
69.6%
14.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
24.2
16.9
21.2
19.1
510
411
465
4461


219
230
9.0
1.063
0.0515
54.8


9.4%
79.9%
10.8%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
24.7
17.1
21.9
19.5
502
400
455
4637
47.9

226
256
8.5
1.147
0.0551
58.1


12.3%
79.7%
8.0%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
26.5
18.1
23.8
21.0
480
368
424
4409
46.9

204
244
8.6
1.205
0.0553
59.0


11.8%
86.5%
1.7%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
26.6
18.2
23.9
21.0
475
367
422
4544
47.7

211
253
8.5
1.203
0.0556
61.1


9.1%
86.2%
4.7%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
26.4
18.0
23.6
20.8
482
371
426
4531
47.5

210
250
8.7
1.196
0.0550
60.2


9.4%
84.5%
6.2%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
26.5
18.1
23.6
20.9
481
371
426
4477
47.6

206
248
8.7
1.208
0.0552
59.8


13.7%
81.8%
4.5%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
26.8
18.3
23.9
21.1
471
366
420
4506
47.7

205
245
8.6
1.199
0.0539
61.3


12.9%
82.8%
4.2%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
26.8
18.4
23.8
21.1
471
365
420
4558
47.6

209
245
8.7
1.175
0.0531
61.7


8.3%
85.5%
6.2%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
27.7
18.9
24.6
21.8
459
356
408
4470
47.4

199
240
8.6
1.211
0.0534
62.5


11.1%
84.6%
4.3%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
27.5
18.9
24.2
21.6
451
360
412
4572
47.8

208
247
8.4
1.192
0.0536
64.0


10.7%
82.8%
6.6%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
29.7
20.4
25.6
23.1
417
339
385
4540
47.4

197
241
8.3
1.227
0.0525
68.8


9.3%
88.0%
2.7%
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
29.4
20.2
25.0
22.7
422
347
392
4524
47.1

194
236
8.5
1.222
0.0516
67.9


11.0%
85.9%
3.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1975
21.3
16.5
20.7
18.2
537
429
489
2750


133
96

0.722
0.0349
29.3




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1976
22.1
16.6
22.6
18.9
533
392
471
2819


133
94

0.703
0.0333
31.1




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1977
27.2
21.3
25.9
23.1
416
341
384
2780


134
94

0.700
0.0338
37.8




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1978
24.6
19.6
22.7
20.9
451
388
425
2866


134
93
13.8
0.695
0.0326
35.3




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1979
19.5
15.2
18.9
16.6
586
468
534
2814


134
90
15.1
0.674
0.0321
27.5



7.0%
93.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1980
21.5
17.1
20.1
18.3
519
435
485
2865


134
93
15.3
0.697
0.0327
30.9



32.8%
67.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1981
26.5
21.2
24.5
22.5
422
365
400
2888


143
94
15.3
0.657
0.0327
38.7



33.4%
66.6%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1982
25.6
20.5
23.6
21.8
435
377
413
3013


143
95
16.6
0.661
0.0317
39.0



38.1%
61.9%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1983
25.5
20.6
23.1
21.7
428
383
412
3033


144
97
14.8
0.677
0.0325
38.8



38.8%
61.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1984
25.1
20.3
22.9
21.4
436
386
417
3036


144
99
14.6
0.686
0.0330
38.3



34.8%
65.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1985
27.0
21.7
24.8
23.0
405
351
387
3107


144
107
13.9
0.740
0.0346
42.2



35.4%
64.6%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1986
26.4
21.1
24.0
22.4
414
359
397
3129


144
107
13.4
0.743
0.0346
41.6



37.2%
62.8%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1987
26.6
21.1
24.2
22.4
416
357
396
3114


144
105
13.7
0.732
0.0343
41.6



38.5%
61.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-25	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
80.3%

19.7%


11.2%

88.8%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
58.2%

41.8%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
50.7%

49.3%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
38.2%

61.8%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
33.0%

67.0%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
31.2%

68.8%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
31.6%

68.4%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
22.4%

77.6%




100.0%


97.6%





Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
26.6%

73.4%




100.0%


97.3%





Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
18.4%

81.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
26.1%

73.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
12.1%

87.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


100.0%
26.3%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
5.0%

95.0%




100.0%


100.0%
23.3%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
1.9%

98.1%




100.0%


100.0%
51.9%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
1.3%

98.7%




100.0%


100.0%
52.5%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


100.0%
60.7%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
68.2%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
92.0%




Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2006


82.6%
17.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
17.4%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
2.5%

89.8%
7.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.7%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.6%

89.6%
9.8%



100.0%


100.0%
88.5%
9.8%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.1%

95.3%
4.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
4.6%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.2%

93.6%
6.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
6.2%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
0.1%

97.0%
2.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.8%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
0.2%

96.7%
3.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.1%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
0.1%

96.2%
3.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.7%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
0.3%

98.4%
1.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.3%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


97.5%
2.5%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.5%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


92.0%
8.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
8.0%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


88.3%
11.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
11.7%



Toyota
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


89.4%
10.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
10.6%



Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1975
69.0%
31.0%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1976
75.4%
24.6%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1977
90.4%
9.6%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1978
92.6%
7.4%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1979
93.6%
6.4%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1980
95.9%
4.1%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1981
94.3%
5.7%



87.5%



12.5%






Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1982
92.7%
7.3%



88.6%



11.4%






Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1983
93.9%
6.1%



96.3%



3.7%






Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1984
87.9%
12.1%



89.3%

8.8%

1.9%






Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1985
83.3%
13.7%
3.0%


70.6%

28.3%

1.0%






Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1986
81.2%
13.9%
5.0%


73.9%

26.1%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1987
82.2%
14.7%
3.1%


83.9%

16.1%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-26	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1988
25.1
19.8
22.7
21.1
444
386
421
3181


147
113
13.4
0.767
0.0357
40.1



44.6%
55.4%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1989
23.5
18.5
21.1
19.7
468
406
452
3377


154
123
12.6
0.793
0.0366
40.0



44.5%
55.5%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1990
23.1
18.0
20.9
19.3
478
409
460
3396


156
125
11.8
0.794
0.0369
39.6



42.3%
57.7%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1991
23.8
18.3
21.5
19.7
473
401
450
3413


154
124
11.9
0.801
0.0364
40.8



44.9%
55.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1992
23.7
18.1
21.4
19.6
475
400
453
3366


154
122
11.6
0.792
0.0365
40.3



43.6%
56.4%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1993
23.8
17.9
21.7
19.6
480
395
452
3394


155
124
10.9
0.795
0.0365
40.8



41.3%
58.7%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1994
24.3
18.2
22.0
20.0
476
393
445
3382


152
121
10.9
0.791
0.0359
41.4



44.2%
55.8%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1995
23.3
17.5
20.9
19.1
500
417
466
3533


171
140
10.7
0.828
0.0400
41.2



52.4%
47.6%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1996
23.6
17.6
21.0
19.2
499
416
462
3508


174
161
10.0
0.929
0.0461
41.3



48.2%
51.8%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1997
20.4
15.3
18.0
16.6
578
490
535
4086


203
187
10.0
0.922
0.0458
41.7



54.7%
45.3%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1998
23.7
17.5
21.1
19.2
502
415
462
3432


170
158
10.3
0.933
0.0461
40.8



48.2%
51.8%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1999
23.2
17.0
20.5
18.7
516
429
474
3549


175
162
10.4
0.929
0.0457
41.2



47.0%
53.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2000
20.8
15.2
18.4
16.8
576
477
530
4110


219
197
9.6
0.905
0.0476
42.5



49.6%
50.4%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2001
21.2
15.4
18.6
17.0
565
473
522
4046


210
191
9.6
0.913
0.0469
42.9



42.8%
57.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2002
20.9
15.1
18.3
16.7
578
478
531
4140


218
193
9.8
0.897
0.0465
43.3



40.5%
59.5%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2003
21.0
15.0
18.6
16.8
583
472
529
4148


219
194
9.7
0.898
0.0467
43.6



39.2%
60.8%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2004
20.6
14.6
18.2
16.5
596
480
540
4296


221
196
9.8
0.898
0.0456
44.2



42.0%
58.0%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2005
21.6
15.2
19.0
17.2
580
459
518
4476


246
247
8.4
1.003
0.0551
48.3



42.1%
57.9%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2006
21.7
15.2
19.1
17.2
578
457
516
4485


245
237
8.7
0.967
0.0528
48.6



39.5%
60.5%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2007
21.3
14.8
19.2
17.0
589
457
522
4929


274
283
8.3
1.020
0.0567
52.2



44.4%
55.6%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2008
21.1
14.6
19.0
16.9
595
460
527
4978
62.4

277
289
8.3
1.028
0.0571
52.2



48.9%
51.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2009
23.5
16.3
21.0
18.7
539
417
476
4360
56.5

229
228
8.9
0.988
0.0516
51.2



50.8%
49.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2010
21.6
14.9
19.6
17.3
587
448
515
5030
62.8

274
288
8.3
1.039
0.0564
54.0



55.6%
44.4%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2011
21.9
15.2
19.9
17.6
575
441
506
4917
61.7

265
277
8.5
1.031
0.0553
53.7



58.9%
41.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2012
22.1
15.3
19.8
17.6
570
443
505
4946
61.4

266
278
8.5
1.032
0.0552
54.4



59.4%
40.6%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2013
22.7
15.8
20.3
18.0
554
434
493
4768
60.0

254
262
8.7
1.019
0.0540
53.9



55.8%
44.2%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2014
21.7
15.1
19.5
17.3
577
450
512
5036
62.0

275
289
8.4
1.038
0.0562
54.5



60.7%
39.3%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2015
22.2
15.5
19.8
17.7
565
443
503
4842
60.8

263
271
8.5
1.020
0.0550
53.6



59.9%
40.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2016
22.9
15.9
20.2
18.1
544
431
491
5053
61.6

257
304
7.9
1.196
0.0597
58.0



64.9%
35.1%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2017
23.6
16.4
20.8
18.7
529
419
476
4910
60.5

244
294
8.0
1.217
0.0595
58.1



68.5%
31.5%
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2018
23.0
16.1
20.3
18.3
537
430
486
4973
61.1

251
299
7.9
1.205
0.0596
57.4



70.7%
29.3%
Toyota
Truck
All
1975
21.3
16.5
20.7
18.1
537
430
490
2765


133
96

0.722
0.0348
29.4




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1976
21.5
16.2
22.0
18.3
542
398
485
2874


137
95

0.696
0.0332
31.0




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1977
26.8
21.0
25.5
22.8
419
344
390
2804


136
94

0.697
0.0337
37.7




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1978
23.8
18.9
22.0
20.2
458
394
439
2915


138
94
13.8
0.689
0.0325
35.1




100.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1979
19.5
15.1
18.9
16.6
586
469
535
2820


134
90
15.1
0.673
0.0321
27.5



7.0%
93.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1980
21.4
16.9
20.0
18.2
521
437
489
2880


136
94
15.3
0.694
0.0327
30.9



33.7%
66.3%
Toyota
Truck
All
1981
26.2
20.9
24.2
22.3
425
367
404
2906


144
94
15.3
0.655
0.0327
38.6



34.3%
65.7%
Toyota
Truck
All
1982
25.2
20.1
23.2
21.4
439
380
420
3042


145
95
16.6
0.657
0.0317
38.8



39.5%
60.5%
Toyota
Truck
All
1983
25.0
20.2
22.7
21.2
433
387
420
3069


147
98
14.9
0.672
0.0323
38.7



40.4%
59.6%
Toyota
Truck
All
1984
24.9
20.1
22.6
21.2
435
387
420
3133


143
98
15.2
0.690
0.0317
39.4



32.0%
68.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1985
26.5
21.2
24.2
22.5
411
359
396
3175


143
105
14.5
0.739
0.0334
42.4



34.6%
65.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
1986
26.1
20.9
23.7
22.1
419
365
402
3248


144
107
13.8
0.747
0.0334
42.6



37.9%
62.1%
Toyota
Truck
All
1987
25.9
20.6
23.5
21.9
424
368
407
3208


145
106
13.9
0.738
0.0336
41.8



43.0%
57.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
1988
24.4
19.3
22.1
20.5
454
395
434
3303


150
115
13.5
0.767
0.0351
40.5



50.2%
49.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-27	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1988
84.8%
12.2%
3.0%


40.7%

59.3%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1989
79.7%
9.2%
11.1%


21.3%

78.7%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1990
79.4%
7.6%
12.9%


21.1%

78.9%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1991
80.4%
9.4%
10.1%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1992
81.8%
8.7%
9.5%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1993
80.6%
7.5%
11.9%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1994
81.6%
10.2%
8.2%




100.0%


23.7%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1995
61.9%
12.6%
25.5%




100.0%


78.1%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1996
57.4%
15.6%
27.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1997
26.4%

73.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1998
54.9%
20.3%
24.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
1999
45.9%
14.2%
39.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2000
23.9%
7.8%
68.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2001
21.2%
8.4%
70.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2002
17.3%
7.5%
75.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2003
17.0%
8.1%
74.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2004
15.9%
8.8%
75.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2005
15.7%

84.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2006
12.5%

87.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2007
9.0%

91.0%




100.0%


100.0%
71.7%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2008
8.9%

91.1%




100.0%


100.0%
64.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2009
19.2%

80.8%




100.0%


100.0%
41.9%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2010
8.5%

91.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2011
6.3%

93.7%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2012
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2013
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2014
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2015
3.8%

96.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2016
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2017
3.6%

96.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
Pickup
2018
2.1%

97.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Toyota
Truck
All
1975
67.6%
32.4%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1976
76.2%
23.8%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1977
90.5%
9.5%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1978
92.8%
7.2%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1979
93.6%
6.4%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1980
95.9%
4.1%



100.0%










Toyota
Truck
All
1981
94.4%
5.6%



87.7%



12.3%






Toyota
Truck
All
1982
92.9%
7.1%



88.9%



11.1%






Toyota
Truck
All
1983
94.0%
6.0%



96.4%



3.6%






Toyota
Truck
All
1984
78.5%
9.6%
11.9%


75.3%

23.2%

1.5%






Toyota
Truck
All
1985
75.2%
10.7%
14.1%


56.7%

42.5%

0.8%






Toyota
Truck
All
1986
71.9%
10.9%
17.2%


58.4%

41.6%








Toyota
Truck
All
1987
73.7%
11.1%
15.2%


64.8%

35.2%








Toyota
Truck
All
1988
78.2%
10.1%
11.7%


33.6%

66.4%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-28	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
Truck
All
1989
23.2
18.2
20.8
19.4
474
411
458
3457


156
123
12.8
0.790
0.0360
40.4



48.4%
51.6%
Toyota
Truck
All
1990
21.9
16.9
20.0
18.3
509
429
486
3666


163
131
11.9
0.804
0.0361
40.3



59.5%
40.5%
Toyota
Truck
All
1991
22.4
17.1
20.6
18.6
505
420
477
3756


159
132
12.4
0.831
0.0353
42.2



46.4%
53.6%
Toyota
Truck
All
1992
22.0
16.8
20.1
18.3
510
425
487
3679


157
129
12.0
0.823
0.0355
40.8



48.3%
51.7%
Toyota
Truck
All
1993
22.3
16.8
20.3
18.4
508
420
483
3648


161
131
11.1
0.816
0.0360
41.0



46.3%
53.7%
Toyota
Truck
All
1994
22.0
16.5
20.0
18.1
517
426
490
3686


163
132
11.0
0.806
0.0358
40.9



56.7%
43.3%
Toyota
Truck
All
1995
21.2
15.9
19.1
17.4
544
452
511
3881


175
146
11.1
0.846
0.0382
41.3



64.3%
35.7%
Toyota
Truck
All
1996
22.8
17.0
20.3
18.6
512
427
478
3663


180
165
10.2
0.922
0.0450
41.7



64.1%
35.9%
Toyota
Truck
All
1997
20.7
15.4
18.5
16.8
574
476
528
4015


203
182
10.1
0.904
0.0454
41.5



72.8%
27.2%
Toyota
Truck
All
1998
23.1
16.9
20.8
18.8
518
420
474
3758


180
172
10.5
0.958
0.0457
43.5


17.2%
48.3%
34.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
1999
22.6
16.5
20.3
18.3
533
430
485
3973


186
182
10.5
0.981
0.0459
44.9


13.9%
56.7%
29.3%
Toyota
Truck
All
2000
21.7
15.7
19.5
17.6
558
447
506
4160


204
194
9.9
0.960
0.0466
45.2


20.2%
49.6%
30.2%
Toyota
Truck
All
2001
21.8
15.7
19.5
17.6
554
446
505
4198


201
199
9.6
1.012
0.0477
45.9


18.2%
51.4%
30.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2002
21.7
15.5
19.3
17.4
562
450
510
4256


207
202
9.8
1.000
0.0476
46.3


19.7%
47.3%
33.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
2003
21.6
15.3
19.3
17.3
570
452
513
4306


219
209
9.5
0.982
0.0487
46.6


16.2%
49.4%
34.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2004
22.4
15.6
20.2
17.9
561
428
497
4463


220
218
9.3
1.010
0.0491
50.3


26.6%
49.4%
24.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
2005
22.7
15.7
20.4
18.1
558
426
491
4498


226
237
CO
CO
1.057
0.0526
51.3


25.2%
49.0%
25.8%
Toyota
Truck
All
2006
23.4
16.3
20.8
18.6
527
419
478
4510


225
227
8.9
1.016
0.0503
53.8


24.6%
47.7%
27.7%
Toyota
Truck
All
2007
23.2
16.1
20.7
18.4
535
422
482
4634


238
253
8.7
1.068
0.0541
54.3


14.4%
59.8%
25.8%
Toyota
Truck
All
2008
23.5
16.3
21.1
18.7
529
413
475
4731
53.6

241
268
8.5
1.123
0.0563
56.2


18.7%
60.2%
21.1%
Toyota
Truck
All
2009
25.4
17.4
22.9
20.2
501
383
441
4407
51.1

213
242
8.6
1.145
0.0547
56.5


19.9%
63.6%
16.5%
Toyota
Truck
All
2010
24.7
16.9
22.3
19.6
509
391
453
4701
53.2

232
266
8.4
1.154
0.0561
58.6


12.3%
70.2%
17.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2011
24.9
17.1
22.5
19.8
509
388
449
4644
53.5

225
261
8.5
1.165
0.0558
58.3


25.2%
60.4%
14.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2012
24.9
17.1
22.4
19.7
509
390
450
4639
53.4

225
260
8.5
1.159
0.0555
58.2


20.4%
64.2%
15.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2013
25.4
17.4
22.8
20.1
496
383
441
4591
52.5

220
254
8.6
1.159
0.0547
59.1


19.5%
65.4%
15.1%
Toyota
Truck
All
2014
24.7
17.0
22.2
19.6
509
391
454
4732
54.1

233
264
8.5
1.140
0.0551
58.9


17.9%
65.1%
17.0%
Toyota
Truck
All
2015
25.9
17.7
23.2
20.5
489
376
434
4582
52.2

217
252
8.5
1.170
0.0545
59.9


19.4%
67.8%
12.8%
Toyota
Truck
All
2016
25.9
17.8
22.9
20.4
479
379
436
4714
52.5

223
265
8.2
1.199
0.0558
62.0


13.2%
72.4%
14.4%
Toyota
Truck
All
2017
27.2
18.7
23.9
21.4
455
361
416
4694
52.6

214
265
8.1
1.244
0.0558
65.2


14.4%
74.0%
11.6%
Toyota
Truck
All
2018
27.5
18.9
23.8
21.4
449
363
415
4654
51.1

209
255
8.3
1.231
0.0542
65.4


13.5%
77.5%
9.0%
Toyota
All
All
1975
21.6
16.7
21.1
18.4
525
412
483
2748


125
90

0.730
0.0326
29.8




100.0%
Toyota
All
All
1976
24.0
18.3
24.0
20.5
474
359
434
2773


120
87

0.732
0.0312
33.7




100.0%
Toyota
All
All
1977
27.7
21.5
26.7
23.6
396
320
377
2685


115
82

0.730
0.0306
37.9




100.0%
Toyota
All
All
1978
25.7
20.2
24.5
21.9
420
349
405
2694


119
85
14.3
0.728
0.0314
35.4




100.0%
Toyota
All
All
1979
22.9
17.8
22.0
19.5
482
391
456
2733


118
83
15.8
0.718
0.0303
31.7



1.3%
98.7%
Toyota
All
All
1980
25.9
20.5
24.3
22.1
419
352
403
2672


119
81
16.1
0.685
0.0304
35.1


14.5%
6.7%
78.8%
Toyota
All
All
1981
29.9
23.8
27.8
25.4
365
312
350
2621


119
79
16.4
0.664
0.0300
39.6


16.7%
6.4%
77.0%
Toyota
All
All
1982
29.1
23.0
27.3
24.8
377
317
360
2677


124
84
17.1
0.676
0.0310
39.2


19.6%
8.6%
71.8%
Toyota
All
All
1983
30.5
24.4
28.2
26.0
352
304
343
2754


122
88
15.6
0.716
0.0314
42.5


22.0%
33.5%
44.6%
Toyota
All
All
1984
29.7
23.6
27.5
25.2
363
311
353
2845


125
91
15.4
0.723
0.0316
42.8


36.0%
14.5%
49.6%
Toyota
All
All
1985
30.0
23.9
28.0
25.6
361
307
348
2889


126
96
14.9
0.760
0.0331
43.8


21.9%
29.0%
49.1%
Toyota
All
All
1986
29.4
23.3
27.3
24.9
372
315
356
2959


127
101
13.8
0.798
0.0340
43.8


48.5%
15.5%
36.0%
Toyota
All
All
1987
30.0
23.4
28.0
25.3
367
306
351
2966


125
107
13.6
0.852
0.0357
45.0


52.2%
16.0%
31.8%
Toyota
All
All
1988
29.6
23.0
27.4
24.9
373
312
357
2942


123
108
13.5
0.882
0.0365
44.0


65.6%
15.8%
18.6%
Toyota
All
All
1989
28.9
22.3
26.7
24.2
383
319
367
3004


126
114
12.8
0.908
0.0377
43.9


66.0%
14.0%
20.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-29	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
Truck
All
1989
73.3%
7.8%
18.9%


18.2%

81.8%








Toyota
Truck
All
1990
67.2%
5.3%
27.5%


14.8%

85.2%








Toyota
Truck
All
1991
52.5%
5.4%
42.1%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
All
1992
59.9%
5.7%
34.4%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
All
1993
63.6%
5.4%
31.0%




100.0%








Toyota
Truck
All
1994
63.0%
7.2%
29.8%




100.0%


45.6%





Toyota
Truck
All
1995
46.3%
7.8%
45.9%




100.0%


85.6%





Toyota
Truck
All
1996
42.9%
10.0%
47.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
All
1997
25.6%

74.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
All
1998
28.2%
8.6%
63.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Toyota
Truck
All
1999
18.7%
4.8%
76.5%




100.0%


100.0%
27.7%




Toyota
Truck
All
2000
11.8%
3.2%
85.0%




100.0%


100.0%
29.2%




Toyota
Truck
All
2001
9.0%
3.2%
87.8%




100.0%


100.0%
38.4%




Toyota
Truck
All
2002
7.1%
2.8%
90.1%




100.0%


100.0%
38.4%




Toyota
Truck
All
2003
7.0%
3.1%
89.9%




100.0%


100.0%
39.8%




Toyota
Truck
All
2004
4.6%
2.4%
93.0%




100.0%


100.0%
56.8%




Toyota
Truck
All
2005
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%
96.1%




Toyota
Truck
All
2006
4.4%

87.6%
7.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.9%



Toyota
Truck
All
2007
4.6%

91.3%
4.1%



100.0%


100.0%
89.8%
4.1%



Toyota
Truck
All
2008
3.3%

91.5%
5.3%



100.0%


100.0%
82.0%
5.3%



Toyota
Truck
All
2009
6.1%

91.4%
2.5%



100.0%


100.0%
81.6%
2.5%



Toyota
Truck
All
2010
3.0%

93.4%
3.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
3.6%



Toyota
Truck
All
2011
1.8%

96.8%
1.4%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.4%



Toyota
Truck
All
2012
1.9%

96.4%
1.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.6%



Toyota
Truck
All
2013
1.7%

96.2%
2.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



Toyota
Truck
All
2014
1.6%

97.8%
0.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.6%



Toyota
Truck
All
2015
1.0%

97.6%
1.5%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.5%



Toyota
Truck
All
2016
0.8%

94.2%
5.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
5.1%



Toyota
Truck
All
2017
1.2%

92.3%
6.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
6.6%



Toyota
Truck
All
2018
0.5%

92.2%
7.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.3%



Toyota
All
All
1975
68.8%
31.2%



100.0%










Toyota
All
All
1976
64.2%
35.8%



100.0%










Toyota
All
All
1977
77.3%
22.7%



100.0%










Toyota
All
All
1978
72.4%
27.6%



100.0%










Toyota
All
All
1979
70.1%
29.9%



95.3%

4.7%








Toyota
All
All
1980
69.9%
30.1%



95.9%

4.1%








Toyota
All
All
1981
65.3%
34.7%



92.5%

5.2%

2.3%






Toyota
All
All
1982
64.4%
32.3%
3.3%


87.6%

10.0%

2.4%






Toyota
All
All
1983
65.0%
25.7%
9.2%


69.1%

30.1%

0.8%






Toyota
All
All
1984
58.2%
12.2%
29.6%


61.1%

37.2%

1.7%






Toyota
All
All
1985
56.8%
10.3%
32.9%


51.3%

48.1%

0.6%






Toyota
All
All
1986
53.7%
7.6%
38.6%


47.6%

52.3%

0.1%






Toyota
All
All
1987
50.7%
4.6%
44.7%


49.2%

50.8%








Toyota
All
All
1988
47.0%
3.1%
49.9%


43.8%

56.2%








Toyota
All
All
1989
40.9%
2.1%
57.0%


37.7%

62.3%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-30	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Toyota
All
All
1990
27.8
21.2
25.9
23.2
403
330
383
3132


132
124
11.7
0.948
0.0392
44.0


69.4%
14.3%
16.3%
Toyota
All
All
1991
27.5
20.9
25.6
22.9
409
335
388
3173


132
124
11.8
0.949
0.0389
44.0


59.2%
13.8%
27.1%
Toyota
All
All
1992
26.8
20.0
25.0
22.2
424
342
400
3242


136
131
11.4
0.969
0.0400
43.6


45.7%
11.8%
42.6%
Toyota
All
All
1993
26.7
19.8
25.0
22.1
430
340
402
3285


140
136
10.4
0.977
0.0411
44.2


66.0%
12.5%
21.5%
Toyota
All
All
1994
26.4
19.4
24.6
21.8
438
346
409
3317


141
131
10.6
0.940
0.0395
44.1


64.3%
18.0%
17.7%
Toyota
All
All
1995
27.0
19.7
25.2
22.2
432
335
400
3369


146
141
10.9
0.980
0.0418
46.0


45.4%
15.2%
39.4%
Toyota
All
All
1996
27.4
19.9
25.4
22.4
433
338
397
3322


147
142
10.9
0.976
0.0425
45.7


70.4%
15.8%
13.9%
Toyota
All
All
1997
27.1
19.5
25.1
22.1
441
341
402
3371


150
149
10.7
0.997
0.0437
46.2


72.7%
15.1%
12.2%
Toyota
All
All
1998
27.4
19.6
25.4
22.3
440
337
399
3455


155
158
10.6
1.023
0.0455
47.9


68.0%
16.0%
16.0%
Toyota
All
All
1999
27.1
19.3
25.0
22.0
447
342
405
3536


157
163
10.6
1.041
0.0460
48.4


67.4%
19.2%
13.4%
Toyota
All
All
2000
26.2
18.5
24.1
21.2
461
350
419
3623


166
171
9.9
1.050
0.0472
48.0


66.0%
19.5%
14.5%
Toyota
All
All
2001
26.5
18.6
24.2
21.3
452
346
418
3639


165
175
9.7
1.073
0.0479
49.0


60.8%
20.8%
18.4%
Toyota
All
All
2002
26.0
18.2
23.7
20.9
466
354
426
3732


176
184
9.6
1.066
0.0492
49.4


60.6%
19.9%
19.6%
Toyota
All
All
2003
27.1
18.7
24.7
21.7
449
338
410
3624


170
178
9.4
1.083
0.0491
50.0


63.9%
19.3%
16.7%
Toyota
All
All
2004
26.6
18.2
24.3
21.2
457
345
419
3862


181
191
9.3
1.074
0.0491
52.5


61.8%
23.7%
14.5%
Toyota
All
All
2005
28.8
19.5
26.0
22.7
418
321
391
3711


172
186
9.2
1.093
0.0493
55.1


69.4%
18.9%
11.8%
Toyota
All
All
2006
28.4
19.4
25.4
22.4
424
329
396
3811


177
189
9.2
1.079
0.0489
55.7


60.8%
23.0%
16.2%
Toyota
All
All
2007
29.6
20.1
26.5
23.3
405
316
381
3808


178
200
9.0
1.116
0.0511
58.2


66.2%
21.0%
12.8%
Toyota
All
All
2008
29.0
19.8
25.8
22.8
403
322
389
3953
48.3

186
212
8.9
1.128
0.0519
59.5


59.5%
27.3%
13.2%
Toyota
All
All
2009
32.4
21.9
29.0
25.4
381
295
349
3612
46.1

156
180
9.2
1.146
0.0487
60.1


77.3%
16.9%
5.7%
Toyota
All
All
2010
32.4
22.0
28.7
25.4
357
290
350
3821
47.2

167
194
9.1
1.151
0.0493
66.4


68.8%
23.5%
7.7%
Toyota
All
All
2011
30.6
20.6
27.3
23.9
396
310
371
3960
48.7

179
209
CO
CO
1.164
0.0517
63.5


68.0%
24.7%
7.3%
Toyota
All
All
2012
32.9
22.3
28.6
25.5
0
0
349
3860
48.0

171
196
9.0
1.138
0.0496
68.1


69.5%
23.6%
7.0%
Toyota
All
All
2013
32.3
21.9
28.1
25.0
0
0
355
3924
48.1

175
203
CO
CO
1.155
0.0506
67.9


63.1%
27.5%
9.3%
Toyota
All
All
2014
32.8
22.1
28.6
25.4
0
0
350
3898
48.6

175
202
CO
CO
1.151
0.0505
67.9


66.6%
24.1%
9.2%
Toyota
All
All
2015
32.2
21.7
28.1
25.0
368
298
356
3958
48.4

175
206
CO
CO
1.172
0.0509
67.4


60.7%
30.6%
8.8%
Toyota
All
All
2016
32.2
21.8
28.1
25.0
0
0
355
3986
48.5

175
211
8.6
1.203
0.0516
67.0


58.1%
33.1%
8.7%
Toyota
All
All
2017
32.4
22.0
28.4
25.3
0
0
351
4059
49.0

176
216
8.5
1.221
0.0519
70.1


56.0%
36.8%
7.3%
Toyota
All
All
2018
33.8
22.9
29.0
26.0
0
0
341
4017
48.2

172
213
8.5
1.229
0.0518
72.1


56.0%
37.7%
6.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
13.9
10.7
13.5
11.8
769
617
752
4223


310
140

0.466
0.0326
29.8




100.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
16.6
13.1
15.6
14.1
648
542
628
4268


306
132

0.443
0.0304
35.7




100.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
16.5
13.0
15.6
14.0
657
551
633
4360

111.9
323
144

0.458
0.0328
36.1
1874
4043


100.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
18.6
14.4
18.1
15.8
584
468
562
3885

112.5
279
130
13.9
0.488
0.0332
36.0
2150
4060
4.7%

95.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
19.2
14.9
18.5
16.3
574
462
544
3621

112.5
248
119
14.5
0.512
0.0330
34.7
2198
3912
3.1%

96.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
22.5
17.4
21.9
19.1
501
398
464
3186

108.3
206
105
15.0
0.543
0.0329
35.7
2440
3885
6.0%

94.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
23.4
18.1
22.7
19.9
473
375
446
3065

113.7
185
101
15.1
0.608
0.0330
35.9
2721
4093
29.2%

70.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
24.5
18.7
24.3
20.9
453
348
425
3054

107.7
179
96
16.9
0.589
0.0312
37.6
2685
4051
42.1%

57.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
23.9
18.2
23.8
20.4
470
361
436
3212

112.6
203
106
14.7
0.568
0.0328
38.4
2739
4337
30.1%

69.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
25.3
19.5
24.9
21.6
437
345
412
3189

111.5
198
106
14.6
0.578
0.0329
40.7
2896
4533
43.8%

56.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
25.9
20.0
25.5
22.1
424
334
402
3201

111.6
198
119
13.5
0.642
0.0366
41.8
2973
4665
42.8%

57.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
26.7
20.3
26.4
22.7
424
328
392
3213

111.3
190
118
12.9
0.658
0.0363
43.0
3017
4795
53.7%

46.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
26.6
19.9
26.7
22.6
433
326
394
3232

112.9
187
115
13.3
0.649
0.0351
43.1
3036
4864
63.2%

36.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
27.0
20.2
26.9
22.9
423
323
389
3249

112.7
190
125
12.9
0.699
0.0381
44.0
3099
4967
61.7%

38.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
27.0
20.0
26.9
22.8
431
326
390
3289

113.2
186
120
12.7
0.687
0.0362
44.4
3093
5044
65.9%
0.7%
33.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
26.3
19.4
26.2
22.2
447
334
401
3401

114.6
196
126
11.8
0.679
0.0368
44.8
3051
5152
64.6%

35.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-31	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Toyota
All
All
1990
33.2%
1.4%
65.4%


11.7%

88.3%



4.3%




Toyota
All
All
1991
34.4%
1.6%
64.0%




100.0%



3.9%




Toyota
All
All
1992
30.8%
1.4%
67.8%




100.0%



5.8%




Toyota
All
All
1993
30.9%
1.5%
67.6%




100.0%



6.0%




Toyota
All
All
1994
31.7%
2.3%
66.0%




100.0%


82.7%
3.7%




Toyota
All
All
1995
19.0%
1.9%
79.2%




100.0%


96.6%
4.4%




Toyota
All
All
1996
17.0%
2.5%
80.5%




100.0%


100.0%
2.8%




Toyota
All
All
1997
13.3%
1.9%
84.8%




100.0%


100.0%
2.0%




Toyota
All
All
1998
12.4%
2.9%
84.7%




100.0%


100.0%
4.4%




Toyota
All
All
1999
9.7%
1.6%
88.7%




100.0%


100.0%
17.5%




Toyota
All
All
2000
9.2%
1.3%
89.6%




100.0%


100.0%
43.7%




Toyota
All
All
2001
7.4%
1.3%
90.3%
1.0%



100.0%


100.0%
53.5%
1.0%



Toyota
All
All
2002
6.1%
1.2%
91.5%
1.3%



100.0%


100.0%
67.6%
1.3%



Toyota
All
All
2003
6.4%
1.2%
91.7%
0.7%



100.0%


100.0%
75.5%
0.7%



Toyota
All
All
2004
4.9%
1.1%
91.6%
2.3%



100.0%


100.0%
79.5%
2.3%



Toyota
All
All
2005
6.5%

88.2%
5.2%



100.0%


100.0%
98.5%
5.2%



Toyota
All
All
2006
6.2%

86.4%
7.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
7.3%



Toyota
All
All
2007
4.7%

85.9%
9.4%



100.0%


100.0%
96.6%
9.5%



Toyota
All
All
2008
4.6%

83.9%
11.5%


0.4%
99.6%


100.0%
92.2%
11.6%



Toyota
All
All
2009
4.3%

87.6%
8.0%


2.1%
97.9%


100.0%
95.5%
8.1%



Toyota
All
All
2010
2.5%

83.3%
14.2%


1.6%
98.4%


100.0%
100.0%
14.2%



Toyota
All
All
2011
1.5%

89.6%
8.9%


2.3%
97.7%


100.0%
100.0%
8.9%



Toyota
All
All
2012
1.4%

81.9%
16.7%


1.3%
98.6%


100.0%
100.0%
16.2%



Toyota
All
All
2013
2.1%

82.3%
15.6%


0.5%
99.5%


100.0%
100.0%
15.4%



Toyota
All
All
2014
1.4%

72.6%
26.0%


2.0%
97.9%


99.9%
99.9%
12.5%



Toyota
All
All
2015
1.0%

75.2%
23.7%


1.7%
98.3%


100.0%
100.0%
11.4%



Toyota
All
All
2016
1.0%

73.8%
25.2%


1.6%
98.4%


100.0%
100.0%
9.2%



Toyota
All
All
2017
1.0%

76.1%
23.0%


1.6%
98.3%


99.9%
99.9%
9.6%



Toyota
All
All
2018
0.6%

72.5%
26.9%


1.7%
98.3%


99.9%
99.9%
11.7%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
13.4%
86.6%



100.0%







55.2%
26.6%
18.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
10.9%
89.1%



100.0%







56.4%
24.9%
18.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
6.7%
93.3%



100.0%







55.3%
22.4%
22.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
13.1%
86.9%



100.0%







31.1%
49.5%
19.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
16.3%
83.7%



100.0%







39.2%
39.9%
20.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
27.2%
58.3%
14.5%


98.7%


1.3%




47.4%
37.2%
15.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
26.8%
51.3%
22.0%


95.1%


4.9%




44.9%
37.9%
17.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
31.7%
24.6%
43.7%


95.7%


4.3%




53.3%
28.5%
18.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
22.1%
22.1%
55.8%


71.1%

2.3%
26.6%




54.6%
24.8%
20.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
21.1%
28.3%
50.6%


48.6%

18.2%
31.5%
1.7%



64.8%
17.1%
18.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
21.7%
29.5%
48.8%


30.3%

2.4%
66.7%
0.6%



63.4%
15.7%
20.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
23.4%
27.6%
49.0%


27.7%

38.8%
33.0%
0.4%



63.8%
21.1%
15.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
21.1%
28.9%
50.0%




51.1%
48.8%
0.2%



58.5%
25.9%
15.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
20.7%
26.6%
52.7%


4.2%

73.9%
21.9%




58.8%
22.3%
19.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
19.4%
25.1%
55.5%


2.0%

84.8%
13.2%

9.2%


51.6%
30.9%
17.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
12.8%
24.8%
62.4%




90.0%
10.0%

5.6%


45.0%
35.4%
19.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-32	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
27.3
20.0
27.0
22.9
432
321
388
3280

114.0
181
132
11.5
0.749
0.0394
44.9
3176
5154
72.0%

28.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
26.8
19.3
26.8
22.4
452
327
397
3429

117.5
200
145
10.9
0.733
0.0416
45.9
3176
5427
64.5%

35.5%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
27.9
20.0
27.7
23.2
432
316
383
3296

114.7
184
135
10.5
0.748
0.0401
46.0
3253
5304
70.8%

29.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
27.2
19.3
27.3
22.6
447
319
393
3405

115.2
197
142
10.2
0.738
0.0410
46.5
3197
5366
65.0%

35.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
27.7
19.4
27.9
23.0
442
313
387
3367

113.8
189
146
10.2
0.793
0.0424
46.8
3219
5331
67.9%

32.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
26.3
18.4
26.4
21.8
474
333
408
3495

115.0
195
157
10.3
0.822
0.0442
46.0
3053
5297
65.6%

34.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
27.0
18.7
26.9
22.2
462
324
400
3425

115.0
192
154
10.3
0.820
0.0441
46.2
3140
5320
67.4%

32.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
27.5
18.9
27.3
22.6
460
321
394
3350

110.5
182
152
10.5
0.864
0.0449
46.1
3062
5093
73.7%

26.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
27.2
18.6
27.0
22.3
468
325
398
3416

112.5
186
163
10.1
0.901
0.0472
46.6
3087
5246
74.3%

25.7%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
27.2
18.6
26.4
22.1
468
333
401
3446

113.9
189
173
9.5
0.921
0.0493
46.9
3127
5353
66.8%

33.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
26.8
18.2
26.1
21.8
477
337
407
3465

114.7
192
167
9.4
0.890
0.0476
46.7
3118
5358
67.8%

32.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
27.1
18.4
25.9
21.9
473
340
405
3461

113.3
187
169
9.5
0.923
0.0484
47.0
3119
5343
70.6%

29.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
26.7
18.0
25.4
21.5
484
347
413
3608

116.2
198
182
9.2
0.932
0.0500
48.1
3138
5615
62.7%

37.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
25.7
17.2
24.7
20.8
509
358
428
3714

115.8
214
192
8.9
0.917
0.0517
47.7
3007
5556
50.0%

50.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
27.2
18.2
25.4
21.7
479
346
409
3639

116.8
194
185
8.9
0.979
0.0504
49.6
3229
5823
62.5%
3.5%
34.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
26.9
17.9
25.5
21.5
488
345
412
3676

116.3
196
195
8.7
1.016
0.0526
49.6
3178
5789
66.1%
2.8%
31.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
27.7
18.4
26.3
22.2
470
332
400
3583

114.4
187
188
8.9
1.035
0.0522
50.1
3258
5755
67.3%
4.9%
27.7%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
28.1
18.5
26.9
22.5
464
323
395
3667
46.7
115.2
194
207
8.5
1.094
0.0557
52.0
3327
6006
65.6%
4.7%
29.7%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
30.0
19.6
27.9
23.4
439
311
380
3557
45.8
113.8
176
194
8.6
1.119
0.0536
53.8
3499
6127
76.9%
4.8%
18.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
31.1
20.6
29.1
24.7
412
300
360
3596
46.0
113.6
177
198
8.5
1.130
0.0545
57.4
3661
6534
79.2%
5.0%
15.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
32.1
21.1
29.7
25.3
402
293
352
3602
45.9
112.1
176
207
8.4
1.179
0.0565
58.9
3721
6600
77.9%
4.8%
17.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
35.3
23.1
32.1
27.5
0
0
323
3381
45.2
110.3
155
195
8.2
1.252
0.0567
60.9
4032
6720
87.7%
3.0%
9.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
36.8
24.1
32.7
28.4
0
0
313
3537
46.6
110.5
147
202
8.1
1.388
0.0563
68.8
4337
7670
86.5%
4.3%
9.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
36.2
23.6
32.7
28.1
0
0
317
3475
46.3
109.3
145
200
8.1
1.397
0.0568
65.8
4166
7212
84.2%
3.3%
12.5%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
35.4
23.1
32.5
27.7
0
0
321
3598
46.8
109.4
150
213
8.0
1.445
0.0582
67.2
4129
7389
78.0%
4.8%
17.2%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
36.1
23.3
33.3
28.1
0
0
316
3559
46.6
109.8
143
205
8.1
1.449
0.0566
68.2
4242
7533
80.1%
5.5%
14.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
35.4
23.1
32.8
27.8
0
0
319
3717
47.0
111.3
143
213
8.0
1.517
0.0565
73.5
4421
8230
76.4%
8.7%
14.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
35.7
23.0
32.3
27.5
0
0
322
3706
47.1
111.1
141
216
7.9
1.549
0.0574
71.6
4336
8022
78.1%
7.6%
14.3%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1975





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1976





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1977





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1978





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1979





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1983





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1986
23.5
18.0
23.0
20.0
493
387
445
3500


179
139
11.8
0.777
0.0397
41.1




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1987
23.3
17.5
23.3
19.8
507
381
449
3500


179
139
12.4
0.777
0.0397
40.8




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1988
23.0
17.5
22.1
19.4
505
402
458
3500


179
139
12.2
0.777
0.0397
40.3




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1989
23.1
17.5
22.3
19.5
508
399
457
3500


179
139
11.7
0.777
0.0397
40.5




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1990
23.2
17.4
22.3
19.5
511
397
457
3500


179
140
10.9
0.782
0.0400
40.6




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1991
21.2
15.7
20.8
17.8
565
426
499
4000


231
170
10.6
0.736
0.0425
42.6




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-33	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
15.5%
14.6%
70.0%




100.0%


9.3%


53.0%
29.8%
17.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
9.0%
17.1%
74.0%




100.0%


4.8%


38.1%
36.4%
25.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
15.1%
12.7%
72.2%




100.0%


9.3%


48.9%
37.2%
13.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
13.5%
10.2%
76.2%




100.0%


7.9%


44.0%
37.5%
18.5%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
14.1%

85.9%




100.0%


19.2%
9.0%

49.2%
35.5%
15.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
9.9%

90.1%




100.0%


27.8%
12.7%

37.1%
44.6%
18.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


15.1%
5.6%

40.0%
39.4%
20.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
11.0%

89.0%




100.0%


31.1%
20.9%

54.4%
29.0%
16.6%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
9.4%

90.6%




100.0%


37.9%
14.8%

45.7%
35.0%
19.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
10.7%

89.3%




100.0%


32.8%
8.0%

43.0%
19.3%
37.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


30.0%
14.0%

39.9%
15.2%
44.8%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
8.9%

91.1%




100.0%


34.1%
14.3%

42.7%
18.3%
39.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
9.6%

90.4%




100.0%


31.5%
16.5%

37.9%
12.0%
50.1%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


32.5%
13.5%

34.8%
12.9%
52.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
9.1%

86.6%
4.3%



100.0%


52.5%
32.4%

41.2%
9.1%
49.7%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
9.1%

85.4%
5.5%



100.0%


60.0%
45.6%

33.0%
24.7%
42.3%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
10.9%

87.6%
1.4%



100.0%


67.4%
18.5%

43.2%
25.4%
31.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
9.5%

90.5%




100.0%


77.6%
7.2%

40.0%
29.1%
30.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
7.2%

92.8%




100.0%


86.0%
20.4%

45.2%
32.9%
21.9%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
5.0%

90.2%
4.8%


1.5%
98.5%


87.9%
62.7%
4.8%
34.9%
48.7%
16.4%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
6.7%

90.3%
3.1%


1.3%
98.7%


92.8%
77.0%
3.1%
38.0%
40.0%
22.0%
Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
7.2%
3.0%
87.4%
2.4%


37.4%
62.5%


99.9%
99.2%
2.4%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
8.1%
11.3%
68.6%
12.0%


46.7%
53.2%


99.8%
98.5%
12.0%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
7.9%
16.1%
67.7%
8.3%


51.8%
47.9%


99.8%
98.0%
8.3%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
8.6%
13.8%
68.7%
8.8%


46.4%
53.4%


99.8%
97.6%
8.8%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
8.0%
28.6%
55.4%
8.1%


49.7%
50.1%


99.8%
99.8%
8.1%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
9.4%
22.0%
54.2%
14.5%


53.5%
46.3%


99.8%
98.9%
14.5%



Ford
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
13.2%
20.7%
51.0%
15.1%


53.5%
46.4%


99.9%
99.9%
15.1%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
1975
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1976
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1977
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1978
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1979
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1983
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Ford
Car
Car SUV
1986
60.0%

40.0%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1987
14.8%

85.2%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1988
48.3%

51.7%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1989
56.4%

43.6%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1990
55.6%

44.4%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1991
21.4%

78.6%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-34	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1992
21.2
15.6
20.5
17.7
568
434
502
4000


231
170
10.4
0.736
0.0425
42.4




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1993
21.6
15.8
20.9
18.0
563
424
494
4000


231
170
9.8
0.736
0.0425
43.2




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1994
21.1
15.4
20.3
17.5
578
437
508
4000


231
170
9.7
0.736
0.0425
42.2




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1995
22.5
16.2
21.6
18.6
546
411
478
4000


244
160
10.1
0.656
0.0400
45.0




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1996
22.3
16.0
21.7
18.5
556
410
481
4000


244
160
10.6
0.656
0.0400
44.7




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1997
21.4
15.3
20.4
17.6
580
436
505
4000


244
160
10.4
0.656
0.0400
42.8




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1998
21.2
15.2
20.0
17.4
584
444
510
4000


244
160
10.8
0.656
0.0400
42.5




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1999
21.7
15.5
20.3
17.7
574
437
501
4000


244
160
10.8
0.656
0.0400
43.5




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2000
21.0
14.8
19.8
17.2
598
448
518
4000


244
163
10.2
0.666
0.0406
42.1




100.0%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2001
22.3
15.6
20.8
18.1
565
423
491
3826


219
202
8.7
0.942
0.0530
42.8


43.3%

56.7%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2002
23.6
16.4
21.9
19.0
538
402
467
3647


198
200
CO
CO
1.027
0.0550
43.2


70.5%

29.5%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2003
24.1
16.5
22.5
19.4
536
392
458
3613


194
200
8.7
1.044
0.0555
43.5


77.5%

22.5%
Ford
Car
Car SUV
2004
25.1
17.0
23.5
20.2
522
378
441
3500


180
198
8.7
1.098
0.0565
43.9


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2005
26.6
18.4
23.3
20.9
476
380
424
3517


166
181
9.3
1.092
0.0516
47.2


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2006
27.3
19.1
23.5
21.4
455
377
416
3545


162
176
9.4
1.084
0.0500
49.4


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2007
25.7
17.5
23.5
20.4
498
378
435
4064


189
215
9.1
1.114
0.0522
52.5


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2008
27.0
18.3
24.5
21.4
468
362
416
3905
46.1

180
207
9.0
1.140
0.0527
53.5


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2009
28.6
19.3
26.1
22.7
444
338
392
3791
45.2

176
213
8.2
1.200
0.0563
55.3


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2010
28.3
19.1
25.8
22.4
458
343
396
3919
46.3

184
224
8.2
1.209
0.0570
55.6


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2011
29.0
19.4
26.3
22.8
453
337
389
3927
46.7

188
239
7.9
1.257
0.0606
57.0


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2012
29.6
19.9
26.7
23.3
444
332
382
3780
45.6

173
221
8.2
1.271
0.0580
56.1


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2013
30.7
20.2
28.4
24.2
436
311
367
4179
48.0

160
236
8.2
1.551
0.0561
64.2


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2014
31.0
20.5
28.4
24.4
431
312
364
3932
46.8

141
213
8.5
1.583
0.0537
60.9


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2015
31.6
20.7
29.0
24.7
428
306
360
4008
46.9

138
214
8.5
1.618
0.0531
63.4


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2016
31.8
20.9
29.2
24.9
422
302
356
3995
47.1

139
212
8.6
1.585
0.0526
63.7


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2017
32.3
21.5
29.1
25.2
411
305
352
4084
46.6

123
209
CO
CO
1.771
0.0509
66.1


100.0%


Ford
Car
Car SUV
2018
32.6
21.6
28.8
25.2
405
308
352
4062
46.2

123
198
9.2
1.713
0.0483
66.6


100.0%


Ford
Car
All
1975
13.9
10.7
13.5
11.8
769
617
752
4223


310
140

0.466
0.0326
29.8




100.0%
Ford
Car
All
1976
16.6
13.1
15.6
14.1
648
542
628
4268


306
132

0.443
0.0304
35.7




100.0%
Ford
Car
All
1977
16.5
13.0
15.6
14.0
657
551
633
4360


323
144

0.458
0.0328
36.1




100.0%
Ford
Car
All
1978
18.6
14.4
18.1
15.8
584
468
562
3885


279
130
13.9
0.488
0.0332
36.0


4.7%

95.3%
Ford
Car
All
1979
19.2
14.9
18.5
16.3
574
462
544
3621


248
119
14.5
0.512
0.0330
34.7


3.1%

96.9%
Ford
Car
All
1980
22.5
17.4
21.9
19.1
501
398
464
3186


206
105
15.0
0.543
0.0329
35.7


6.0%

94.0%
Ford
Car
All
1981
23.4
18.1
22.7
19.9
473
375
446
3065


185
101
15.1
0.608
0.0330
35.9


29.2%

70.8%
Ford
Car
All
1982
24.5
18.7
24.3
20.9
453
348
425
3054


179
96
16.9
0.589
0.0312
37.6


42.1%

57.9%
Ford
Car
All
1983
23.9
18.2
23.8
20.4
470
361
436
3212


203
106
14.7
0.568
0.0328
38.4


30.1%

69.9%
Ford
Car
All
1984
25.3
19.5
24.9
21.6
437
345
412
3189


198
106
14.6
0.578
0.0329
40.7


43.8%

56.2%
Ford
Car
All
1985
25.9
20.0
25.5
22.1
424
334
402
3201


198
119
13.5
0.642
0.0366
41.8


42.8%

57.2%
Ford
Car
All
1986
26.7
20.3
26.4
22.7
424
328
392
3213


190
118
12.9
0.658
0.0363
43.0


53.7%

46.3%
Ford
Car
All
1987
26.5
19.9
26.6
22.5
434
327
395
3235


186
115
13.3
0.651
0.0351
43.0


62.4%

37.6%
Ford
Car
All
1988
26.9
20.1
26.8
22.8
424
324
390
3253


189
126
12.9
0.701
0.0381
43.9


60.8%

39.2%
Ford
Car
All
1989
27.0
20.0
26.8
22.7
432
327
391
3291


186
120
12.7
0.688
0.0362
44.3


65.1%
0.7%
34.3%
Ford
Car
All
1990
26.3
19.3
26.2
22.1
448
335
402
3403


196
126
11.8
0.681
0.0368
44.8


63.9%

36.1%
Ford
Car
All
1991
27.0
19.7
26.7
22.6
437
325
394
3314


184
134
11.5
0.748
0.0396
44.8


68.7%

31.3%
Ford
Car
All
1992
26.4
19.1
26.3
22.1
457
332
403
3461


202
147
10.8
0.734
0.0416
45.7


61.0%

39.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-35	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Car
Car SUV
1992
16.5%

83.5%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1993
14.0%

86.0%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1994
15.6%

84.4%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1995
41.2%

58.8%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1996
29.8%

70.2%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1997
25.4%

74.6%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1998
8.9%

91.1%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
1999
6.4%

93.6%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
2000
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%








Ford
Car
Car SUV
2001
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


34.8%





Ford
Car
Car SUV
2002
6.7%

93.3%




100.0%


70.5%





Ford
Car
Car SUV
2003
4.3%

95.7%




100.0%


77.5%





Ford
Car
Car SUV
2004
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Ford
Car
Car SUV
2005
2.7%

93.8%
3.5%



100.0%


100.0%

3.5%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2006
3.1%

87.9%
9.1%



100.0%


100.0%

9.1%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2007
1.2%

94.4%
4.5%



100.0%


100.0%
17.4%
4.5%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2008
1.1%

91.6%
7.3%



100.0%


100.0%

7.3%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2009
0.8%

90.2%
9.0%



100.0%


100.0%
42.9%
9.0%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2010
0.4%

96.8%
2.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.9%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2011
0.3%

97.6%
2.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2012
0.5%

97.9%
1.6%


6.4%
93.6%


100.0%
100.0%
1.6%



Ford
Car
Car SUV
2013


100.0%



47.3%
52.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%



59.2%
40.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



61.2%
38.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



57.3%
42.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



73.8%
26.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



66.2%
33.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Car
All
1975
13.4%
86.6%



100.0%







55.2%
26.6%
18.1%
Ford
Car
All
1976
10.9%
89.1%



100.0%







56.4%
24.9%
18.8%
Ford
Car
All
1977
6.7%
93.3%



100.0%







55.3%
22.4%
22.3%
Ford
Car
All
1978
13.1%
86.9%



100.0%







31.1%
49.5%
19.3%
Ford
Car
All
1979
16.3%
83.7%



100.0%







39.2%
39.9%
20.9%
Ford
Car
All
1980
27.2%
58.3%
14.5%


98.7%


1.3%




47.4%
37.2%
15.3%
Ford
Car
All
1981
26.8%
51.3%
22.0%


95.1%


4.9%




44.9%
37.9%
17.2%
Ford
Car
All
1982
31.7%
24.6%
43.7%


95.7%


4.3%




53.3%
28.5%
18.2%
Ford
Car
All
1983
22.1%
22.1%
55.8%


71.1%

2.3%
26.6%




54.6%
24.8%
20.6%
Ford
Car
All
1984
21.1%
28.3%
50.6%


48.6%

18.2%
31.5%
1.7%



64.8%
17.1%
18.1%
Ford
Car
All
1985
21.7%
29.5%
48.8%


30.3%

2.4%
66.7%
0.6%



63.4%
15.7%
20.9%
Ford
Car
All
1986
23.4%
27.6%
49.0%


27.7%

38.8%
33.0%
0.4%






Ford
Car
All
1987
21.0%
28.6%
50.4%




51.6%
48.2%
0.2%






Ford
Car
All
1988
21.1%
26.2%
52.7%


4.1%

74.3%
21.6%







Ford
Car
All
1989
19.9%
24.7%
55.4%


2.0%

85.0%
13.0%

9.1%





Ford
Car
All
1990
13.2%
24.6%
62.2%




90.1%
9.9%

5.6%





Ford
Car
All
1991
15.7%
13.9%
70.4%




100.0%


8.9%





Ford
Car
All
1992
9.4%
16.1%
74.5%




100.0%


4.6%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-36	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Car
All
1993
27.5
19.8
27.3
22.9
437
320
388
3327


186
136
10.5
0.747
0.0402
45.9


67.7%

32.3%
Ford
Car
All
1994
26.8
19.0
26.7
22.3
453
324
399
3440


199
144
10.2
0.738
0.0411
46.2


61.2%

38.8%
Ford
Car
All
1995
27.7
19.4
27.9
23.0
443
313
387
3370


190
147
10.2
0.792
0.0424
46.8


67.5%

32.5%
Ford
Car
All
1996
26.2
18.3
26.3
21.7
475
334
409
3502


196
157
10.3
0.820
0.0441
46.0


64.7%

35.3%
Ford
Car
All
1997
26.9
18.6
26.8
22.1
464
326
401
3434


192
154
10.3
0.818
0.0441
46.2


66.4%

33.6%
Ford
Car
All
1998
26.7
18.5
26.4
21.9
470
330
405
3414


188
153
10.5
0.844
0.0444
45.7


66.5%

33.5%
Ford
Car
All
1999
26.6
18.3
26.2
21.8
475
333
407
3468


191
163
10.1
0.879
0.0466
46.3


67.7%

32.3%
Ford
Car
All
2000
26.5
18.2
25.7
21.6
477
340
411
3492


194
173
9.5
0.900
0.0486
46.5


61.3%

38.7%
Ford
Car
All
2001
26.1
17.8
25.3
21.2
487
346
418
3513


195
172
9.3
0.897
0.0483
46.2


64.5%

35.5%
Ford
Car
All
2002
26.8
18.3
25.5
21.7
478
344
410
3476


188
172
9.4
0.931
0.0489
46.7


70.6%

29.4%
Ford
Car
All
2003
26.5
17.9
25.2
21.3
488
350
417
3608


198
184
9.1
0.941
0.0504
47.7


63.8%

36.2%
Ford
Car
All
2004
25.7
17.2
24.6
20.7
510
359
429
3700


212
193
8.9
0.928
0.0520
47.5


53.1%

46.9%
Ford
Car
All
2005
27.2
18.3
25.2
21.6
478
350
411
3625


191
184
9.0
0.992
0.0505
49.3


66.9%
3.1%
30.0%
Ford
Car
All
2006
26.9
18.0
25.3
21.5
485
348
413
3663


192
193
CO
CO
1.023
0.0523
49.6


69.3%
2.5%
28.2%
Ford
Car
All
2007
27.4
18.3
25.8
21.9
474
339
406
3656


187
193
8.9
1.047
0.0522
50.5


72.3%
4.2%
23.5%
Ford
Car
All
2008
27.8
18.5
26.2
22.2
465
333
401
3731
46.6

190
207
8.6
1.107
0.0549
52.4


75.0%
3.4%
21.7%
Ford
Car
All
2009
29.6
19.5
27.5
23.2
440
318
383
3615
45.6

176
199
8.5
1.139
0.0543
54.2


82.7%
3.6%
13.8%
Ford
Car
All
2010
30.4
20.2
28.2
24.1
422
310
369
3674
46.1

179
204
8.4
1.149
0.0551
57.0


84.2%
3.8%
12.0%
Ford
Car
All
2011
31.2
20.6
28.7
24.6
414
304
362
3690
46.1

179
216
8.2
1.200
0.0576
58.4


83.9%
3.5%
12.6%
Ford
Car
All
2012
34.1
22.4
30.9
26.6
0
0
334
3454
45.3

158
199
8.2
1.255
0.0569
60.1


89.9%
2.4%
7.6%
Ford
Car
All
2013
34.8
22.8
31.4
27.0
0
0
329
3722
47.0

150
212
8.1
1.435
0.0562
67.5


90.4%
3.1%
6.5%
Ford
Car
All
2014
34.8
22.8
31.6
27.1
0
0
328
3582
46.4

144
203
8.2
1.440
0.0560
64.6


87.9%
2.5%
9.6%
Ford
Car
All
2015
34.4
22.5
31.6
26.9
0
0
330
3693
46.8

147
213
8.1
1.485
0.0570
66.3


83.1%
3.7%
13.2%
Ford
Car
All
2016
35.0
22.7
32.3
27.4
0
0
325
3654
46.7

142
206
8.2
1.479
0.0557
67.3


84.5%
4.3%
11.2%
Ford
Car
All
2017
34.3
22.6
31.5
26.9
0
0
330
3835
46.9

136
212
8.3
1.599
0.0547
71.1


84.0%
5.9%
10.1%
Ford
Car
All
2018
34.6
22.6
31.0
26.7
0
0
332
3825
46.8

135
210
8.4
1.604
0.0543
69.9


85.5%
5.0%
9.5%
Ford
Truck
Van
1975
12.6
10.0
11.7
10.7
871
743
829
4135


334
148

0.434
0.0356
26.4




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1976
13.4
10.6
12.7
11.4
815
691
776
4081


336
151

0.444
0.0370
28.0




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1977
15.5
12.5
14.1
13.2
701
621
675
4110


343
158

0.459
0.0385
32.2




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1978
15.0
12.2
13.6
12.8
718
644
696
4088


335
145
13.3
0.430
0.0354
31.2




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1979
12.1
9.7
11.1
10.3
893
786
862
4665


336
163
14.4
0.480
0.0348
28.6




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1980
16.2
13.0
14.9
13.8
670
580
645
4625


314
132
16.6
0.419
0.0286
37.9




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1981
16.8
13.6
15.3
14.3
645
569
621
4509


310
128
16.6
0.413
0.0284
38.3




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1982
16.2
13.0
14.7
13.8
672
592
646
4544


314
130
17.7
0.416
0.0288
37.1




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1983
16.3
12.9
15.1
13.8
678
578
643
4516


313
134
15.7
0.429
0.0297
37.1




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1984
16.6
13.1
15.6
14.1
667
558
630
4389


313
142
15.0
0.452
0.0324
36.8




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1985
16.2
12.8
15.2
13.8
684
574
645
4464


311
145
14.7
0.464
0.0325
36.4




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1986
19.7
15.3
18.9
16.7
573
457
531
4218


242
131
14.7
0.570
0.0311
41.8




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1987
19.6
15.0
19.0
16.6
581
456
534
4247


236
149
13.6
0.671
0.0352
42.0




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1988
19.4
14.8
18.8
16.4
592
459
541
4358


240
150
13.9
0.661
0.0346
42.5




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1989
19.8
15.0
19.2
16.7
584
451
532
4274


229
149
13.4
0.685
0.0351
42.6




100.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
1990
19.3
14.5
18.7
16.3
603
463
546
4317


240
155
12.3
0.678
0.0362
42.0



7.9%
92.1%
Ford
Truck
Van
1991
19.8
14.7
19.2
16.6
593
452
535
4283


236
156
12.3
0.690
0.0368
42.6



10.4%
89.6%
Ford
Truck
Van
1992
19.7
14.6
18.9
16.4
600
462
541
4427


239
156
12.2
0.685
0.0357
43.6



7.3%
92.7%
Ford
Truck
Van
1993
20.8
15.2
20.2
17.4
576
431
512
4280


220
158
11.2
0.740
0.0370
44.7


21.2%
5.5%
73.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-37	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Car
All
1993
15.0%
12.2%
72.8%




100.0%


8.9%





Ford
Car
All
1994
13.6%
9.7%
76.7%




100.0%


7.4%





Ford
Car
All
1995
14.3%

85.7%




100.0%


19.0%
8.9%




Ford
Car
All
1996
10.1%

89.9%




100.0%


27.5%
12.6%




Ford
Car
All
1997
9.0%

91.0%




100.0%


14.9%
5.5%




Ford
Car
All
1998
10.8%

89.2%




100.0%


28.1%
18.8%




Ford
Car
All
1999
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


34.5%
13.5%




Ford
Car
All
2000
10.1%

89.9%




100.0%


30.0%
7.4%




Ford
Car
All
2001
8.3%

91.7%




100.0%


30.6%
12.1%




Ford
Car
All
2002
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


37.1%
13.2%




Ford
Car
All
2003
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


35.2%
15.2%




Ford
Car
All
2004
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%


36.7%
12.6%




Ford
Car
All
2005
8.3%

87.5%
4.2%



100.0%


58.0%
28.6%
0.4%



Ford
Car
All
2006
8.5%

85.7%
5.8%



100.0%


63.8%
41.2%
0.9%



Ford
Car
All
2007
9.5%

88.7%
1.9%



100.0%


72.4%
18.4%
0.7%



Ford
Car
All
2008
7.2%

90.8%
2.0%



100.0%


83.7%
5.3%
2.0%



Ford
Car
All
2009
5.6%

92.1%
2.2%



100.0%


89.5%
26.0%
2.2%



Ford
Car
All
2010
3.9%

91.8%
4.3%


1.1%
98.9%


90.8%
71.7%
4.3%



Ford
Car
All
2011
4.9%

92.3%
2.8%


0.9%
99.1%


94.8%
83.2%
2.8%



Ford
Car
All
2012
6.0%
2.4%
89.3%
2.3%


31.7%
68.2%


99.9%
99.3%
2.3%



Ford
Car
All
2013
5.8%
8.1%
77.6%
8.5%


46.8%
53.0%


99.9%
99.0%
8.5%



Ford
Car
All
2014
6.1%
12.3%
75.3%
6.3%


53.6%
46.3%


99.8%
98.5%
6.3%



Ford
Car
All
2015
6.6%
10.6%
76.0%
6.8%


49.8%
50.0%


99.8%
98.2%
6.8%



Ford
Car
All
2016
6.2%
22.4%
65.1%
6.3%


51.3%
48.5%


99.8%
99.8%
6.3%



Ford
Car
All
2017
6.4%
14.9%
68.9%
9.8%


60.0%
39.8%


99.9%
99.2%
9.8%



Ford
Car
All
2018
8.8%
13.7%
67.5%
10.0%


57.8%
42.2%


99.9%
99.9%
10.0%



Ford
Truck
Van
1975
31.4%
68.6%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1976
24.8%
75.2%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1977
17.4%
82.6%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1978
16.5%
83.5%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1979
13.9%
86.1%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1980
23.7%
76.3%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1981
24.3%
75.7%
0.1%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1982
14.9%
85.1%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1983
10.6%
53.4%
36.0%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1984
11.8%
51.6%
36.6%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1985
6.8%
42.8%
50.4%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
Van
1986
8.4%
21.3%
70.3%


45.0%

55.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1987
5.3%
20.6%
74.1%


5.8%

94.2%








Ford
Truck
Van
1988
4.4%
20.3%
75.3%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1989
3.4%
17.4%
79.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1990
1.5%
9.3%
89.1%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1991
1.3%
7.4%
91.3%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1992
1.1%
6.1%
92.8%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1993
0.9%
4.6%
94.6%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-38	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Truck
Van
1994
19.9
14.5
19.3
16.6
603
450
536
4437


237
161
11.2
0.705
0.0365
44.3


18.6%
5.1%
76.3%
Ford
Truck
Van
1995
21.7
15.5
21.3
18.0
568
411
494
4182


239
149
11.6
0.640
0.0357
45.4


68.2%
14.4%
17.4%
Ford
Truck
Van
1996
21.4
15.3
20.8
17.7
573
419
501
4214


235
178
10.9
0.772
0.0426
45.3


68.4%
1.9%
29.7%
Ford
Truck
Van
1997
20.7
14.7
20.2
17.1
598
436
519
4408


229
177
11.2
0.781
0.0401
45.6


42.0%
3.5%
54.6%
Ford
Truck
Van
1998
22.4
15.7
21.7
18.4
562
405
483
4205


227
186
10.8
0.823
0.0445
47.0


82.8%

17.2%
Ford
Truck
Van
1999
21.0
14.7
20.2
17.2
600
434
516
4578


238
198
10.8
0.837
0.0433
48.1


73.5%

26.5%
Ford
Truck
Van
2000
21.6
15.1
20.7
17.7
586
425
502
4543


236
200
10.2
0.849
0.0440
49.2


83.4%

16.6%
Ford
Truck
Van
2001
18.0
12.5
17.3
14.7
701
510
603
5337


296
241
9.8
0.816
0.0451
48.0


7.9%
32.8%
59.4%
Ford
Truck
Van
2002
21.9
15.2
20.4
17.7
581
432
502
4570


238
202
10.2
0.851
0.0443
50.1


80.2%

19.8%
Ford
Truck
Van
2003
22.2
15.2
20.9
17.9
581
420
495
4613


241
205
10.1
0.852
0.0445
51.3


80.2%

19.8%
Ford
Truck
Van
2004
21.5
14.6
20.4
17.4
606
434
511
4620


253
203
10.1
0.803
0.0439
49.7


82.4%

17.6%
Ford
Truck
Van
2005
23.5
16.1
21.6
18.8
549
407
472
4464


223
204
9.7
0.937
0.0457
52.6


67.4%
20.6%
12.0%
Ford
Truck
Van
2006
22.6
15.4
20.9
18.1
569
418
490
4530


232
208
9.7
0.924
0.0461
51.5


62.2%
13.7%
24.1%
Ford
Truck
Van
2007
24.6
16.7
22.8
19.7
531
388
451
4283


205
201
9.6
1.005
0.0471
52.7


78.0%
22.0%

Ford
Truck
Van
2008
24.0
16.0
22.9
19.3
555
387
460
4500
50.5

213
265
8.2
1.244
0.0589
54.0


64.8%
35.2%

Ford
Truck
Van
2009
24.4
16.3
23.2
19.6
545
383
453
4500
51.4

213
265
8.0
1.244
0.0589
54.9


77.3%
22.7%

Ford
Truck
Van
2010
30.3
21.7
24.9
23.4
410
357
380
3500
47.9

122
140
11.6
1.148
0.0400
53.1


100.0%


Ford
Truck
Van
2011
27.7
19.3
23.7
21.6
445
363
411
3777
50.0

142
151
11.5
1.108
0.0400
52.5


89.1%

10.9%
Ford
Truck
Van
2012
28.5
19.6
24.9
22.3
443
348
399
3721
49.6

138
145
11.8
1.086
0.0389
53.1


91.5%

8.5%
Ford
Truck
Van
2013
28.8
19.8
25.2
22.5
439
345
394
3670
49.2

134
143
11.8
1.093
0.0389
53.1


93.4%

6.6%
Ford
Truck
Van
2014
28.5
19.2
26.0
22.5
454
333
394
4123
51.9

164
180
10.1
1.124
0.0438
59.3


88.3%
5.4%
6.3%
Ford
Truck
Van
2015
28.9
19.4
26.4
22.8
452
332
389
4194
52.2

160
186
10.0
1.167
0.0441
60.6


85.5%
3.2%
11.3%
Ford
Truck
Van
2016
27.7
18.6
25.3
21.9
470
344
406
4244
52.5

161
187
10.0
1.161
0.0438
58.6


84.7%
2.2%
13.2%
Ford
Truck
Van
2017
27.1
18.3
24.8
21.5
477
347
413
4297
52.8

166
190
10.0
1.136
0.0440
58.2


81.4%
2.4%
16.1%
Ford
Truck
Van
2018
27.8
18.8
25.3
22.0
467
344
404
4213
52.4

163
185
10.0
1.130
0.0439
58.4


85.5%

14.5%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
10.6
8.5
9.7
9.0
1044
917
988
5000


302
130

0.430
0.0260
26.5



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
13.7
11.0
12.5
11.6
804
702
763
5000


302
127

0.420
0.0253
34.5



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
14.5
11.9
12.8
12.3
745
693
723
5000


302
141

0.467
0.0282
36.3



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
13.2
10.6
12.2
11.2
840
728
791
5000


362
165
13.9
0.455
0.0330
33.1



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
11.0
9.0
9.7
9.3
983
915
953
5000


351
177
13.7
0.504
0.0354
27.5



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
14.0
11.3
12.6
11.8
778
702
750
4738


321
142
15.7
0.442
0.0300
33.2



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
719
632
692
4686


321
137
15.9
0.428
0.0292
35.8



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
14.8
12.0
13.2
12.5
732
655
709
4677


319
138
16.9
0.433
0.0295
34.9



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
15.3
12.2
14.0
13.0
715
617
685
4673


318
137
15.6
0.431
0.0293
36.2



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
18.3
14.6
17.0
15.6
589
504
570
3989


226
119
16.1
0.544
0.0296
36.8



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
18.8
14.8
17.8
16.0
583
473
556
3978


226
127
14.9
0.568
0.0312
37.8



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
19.8
15.4
19.0
16.8
566
456
528
3975


226
146
12.7
0.680
0.0372
39.4



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
20.0
15.4
19.3
17.0
563
444
524
3972


221
145
12.8
0.690
0.0372
39.9



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
19.6
15.0
18.8
16.6
579
462
537
4004


226
149
12.9
0.692
0.0377
39.2



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
18.6
14.1
17.8
15.7
613
484
567
4494


248
153
13.0
0.651
0.0342
42.2



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
18.0
13.4
17.7
15.2
643
492
585
4584


265
160
12.0
0.635
0.0350
41.7



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
19.8
14.7
19.2
16.6
603
460
536
4491


240
172
11.5
0.723
0.0384
44.5



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
19.6
14.6
18.8
16.4
606
471
543
4502


241
171
11.3
0.716
0.0380
44.2



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
19.7
14.5
19.0
16.4
610
465
541
4514


244
173
10.5
0.718
0.0384
44.6



100.0%

Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
19.7
14.5
18.9
16.4
612
468
541
4511


242
173
10.5
0.720
0.0384
44.6



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-39	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Truck
Van
1994
0.6%
6.2%
93.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1995

3.3%
96.7%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1996

3.9%
96.1%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Van
2005


57.1%
42.9%



100.0%


42.9%





Ford
Truck
Van
2006


62.1%
37.9%



100.0%


37.9%





Ford
Truck
Van
2007


34.6%
65.4%



100.0%


65.4%





Ford
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Ford
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Ford
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%


89.1%





Ford
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%


91.5%





Ford
Truck
Van
2013


100.0%




100.0%


93.4%





Ford
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%



4.4%
95.6%


93.7%
93.7%




Ford
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%



5.7%
94.3%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%



6.2%
93.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%



1.8%
98.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Van
2018


100.0%



2.3%
97.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
36.1%
63.9%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
33.6%
66.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
25.9%
74.1%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
21.1%
78.9%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
18.6%
81.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
28.2%
71.8%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
33.6%
66.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
28.8%
71.2%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
24.3%
75.7%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
22.6%
77.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
38.1%
23.5%
38.4%


94.1%

5.9%

0.0%






Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
30.2%
9.9%
59.9%


12.3%

87.7%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
37.4%
12.4%
50.3%


7.1%

92.9%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
33.7%
14.6%
51.6%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
28.0%
16.4%
55.6%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
21.6%
0.1%
78.3%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
12.7%

87.3%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
10.8%

89.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
6.4%

93.6%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-40	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
19.6
14.3
18.7
16.2
621
475
548
4557


256
171
10.8
0.675
0.0376
44.6



78.4%
21.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.6
14.0
19.1
16.2
633
462
547
4539


261
167
11.5
0.643
0.0369
44.6



70.4%
29.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
18.7
13.4
17.9
15.4
659
495
576
4762


280
191
10.7
0.680
0.0400
44.5



71.6%
28.4%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
18.2
13.0
17.5
15.0
681
505
591
4947


287
199
11.0
0.690
0.0401
45.0



78.4%
21.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
18.1
12.8
17.5
14.9
690
507
595
5041


288
218
10.4
0.762
0.0436
45.5



75.2%
24.8%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
18.4
12.9
17.7
15.1
681
499
587
5010


288
221
9.8
0.768
0.0441
46.1



71.4%
28.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.9
14.6
19.8
17.0
602
444
522
4429


238
210
9.3
0.893
0.0477
46.4


30.7%
54.7%
14.5%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
19.6
13.6
18.5
15.9
647
478
558
4552


252
220
9.2
0.881
0.0485
44.5



63.3%
36.7%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
19.0
13.1
18.1
15.5
671
487
574
4958


267
232
9.3
0.878
0.0473
46.9



60.4%
39.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
19.2
13.3
18.0
15.6
664
490
571
4916


266
230
9.3
0.873
0.0472
47.1


3.2%
59.8%
37.1%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
20.2
13.9
18.6
16.2
624
473
547
4760


247
233
9.2
0.958
0.0487
48.1



71.9%
28.1%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
20.2
13.8
18.8
16.3
625
467
546
4947


253
236
9.3
0.943
0.0476
50.1



67.7%
32.3%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
21.1
14.4
19.8
17.0
604
445
522
4736


236
236
9.1
1.016
0.0499
50.2



72.5%
27.5%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
22.5
15.3
20.7
18.0
559
425
494
4582
47.6

220
225
9.3
1.039
0.0491
51.8



79.7%
20.3%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
24.1
16.3
22.4
19.3
531
393
461
4468
48.2

206
238
8.5
1.170
0.0535
54.2


17.7%
73.6%
8.7%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
23.1
15.8
21.3
18.5
546
411
480
4717
48.8

224
244
8.7
1.116
0.0521
54.9


8.6%
75.9%
15.5%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
24.5
16.7
22.5
19.6
521
390
454
4725
50.5

221
269
8.1
1.239
0.0573
57.9


19.5%
73.7%
6.8%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
24.8
16.9
22.6
19.8
516
387
450
4659
50.2

216
264
8.1
1.254
0.0570
57.5


19.6%
73.3%
7.0%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
26.1
17.6
24.1
20.8
496
362
428
4678
51.0

197
272
8.0
1.466
0.0584
61.2


22.1%
74.3%
3.6%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
26.2
17.6
24.2
20.8
493
361
426
4686
50.8

193
270
8.1
1.487
0.0576
61.5


21.9%
74.2%
3.8%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
26.2
17.6
24.2
20.9
496
363
426
4735
51.1

180
282
7.9
1.616
0.0594
62.1


18.7%
76.7%
4.5%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
26.1
17.5
24.1
20.7
500
363
428
4730
51.1

177
282
7.9
1.645
0.0595
61.8


17.9%
78.7%
3.4%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
26.1
17.6
24.2
20.8
498
363
427
4729
50.9

172
280
7.9
1.698
0.0590
61.8


17.5%
77.8%
4.8%
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
27.2
18.3
24.7
21.4
478
356
414
4657
51.2

166
271
8.0
1.690
0.0574
63.4


15.8%
78.2%
6.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1975
12.6
9.9
11.8
10.7
848
712
831
4181


325
138

0.437
0.0328
26.9



15.5%
84.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1976
13.9
11.2
12.5
11.8
754
658
755
4229


332
139

0.425
0.0326
30.2



20.4%
79.6%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1977
15.9
12.7
14.9
13.6
658
557
655
4189


335
155

0.470
0.0367
34.6



20.6%
79.4%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1978
15.9
12.7
14.7
13.5
660
566
658
4216


327
147
13.6
0.455
0.0346
34.6



26.1%
73.9%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1979
14.8
12.1
13.4
12.6
697
620
703
4144


318
156
13.7
0.491
0.0370
31.5



17.5%
82.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1980
18.0
14.4
16.6
15.3
594
507
581
4032


287
127
15.4
0.453
0.0312
37.0



19.5%
80.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1981
19.3
15.3
18.1
16.4
561
470
541
3890


281
121
15.4
0.445
0.0309
38.1



12.5%
87.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1982
18.3
14.6
16.8
15.5
591
502
573
3972


292
126
16.1
0.441
0.0318
36.9



17.0%
83.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1983
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
521
437
514
3579


233
110
15.6
0.499
0.0304
37.2



19.7%
80.3%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1984
19.5
15.4
18.3
16.6
552
459
535
3768


251
119
15.1
0.492
0.0313
37.5



28.5%
71.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1985
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
524
441
513
3688


251
125
14.1
0.520
0.0337
38.2



25.8%
74.2%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1986
20.6
16.2
19.2
17.5
529
443
509
3793


249
130
13.3
0.552
0.0343
39.4



27.1%
72.9%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1987
20.9
16.4
19.5
17.7
519
433
503
3761


235
134
13.1
0.600
0.0358
39.8



29.5%
70.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1988
21.2
16.3
20.0
17.8
523
427
498
3791


233
134
13.3
0.602
0.0351
40.4



28.5%
71.5%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1989
20.4
15.7
19.2
17.2
545
445
518
4023


248
141
12.5
0.603
0.0352
41.4



30.9%
69.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1990
20.8
15.7
20.0
17.5
542
430
508
3994


245
142
11.7
0.614
0.0358
42.0



25.7%
74.3%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1991
21.0
15.7
20.1
17.6
540
427
505
3986


245
147
11.6
0.632
0.0370
42.3



24.2%
75.8%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1992
20.6
15.2
19.8
17.2
561
434
517
4178


251
145
11.7
0.609
0.0349
43.4



23.6%
76.4%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1993
21.2
15.5
20.4
17.6
552
425
504
4109


246
154
10.5
0.651
0.0375
43.8



25.1%
74.9%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1994
21.4
15.6
20.4
17.7
550
426
501
4097


240
153
10.6
0.661
0.0373
44.1



24.6%
75.4%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1995
20.3
14.7
19.5
16.8
587
444
529
4322


264
162
10.7
0.638
0.0373
44.2



30.3%
69.7%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-41	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
3.8%

96.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


4.6%





Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


22.1%





Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


12.8%





Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


17.6%





Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2004


100.0%




100.0%


16.3%





Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
0.3%

98.3%
1.4%



100.0%


62.1%
25.0%
1.4%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
0.2%

96.7%
3.1%



100.0%


59.5%
36.6%
3.1%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
0.2%

97.3%
2.5%



100.0%


64.3%
15.2%
2.5%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2008


95.7%
4.3%



100.0%


74.5%
10.2%
4.3%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2009


95.3%
4.7%



100.0%


85.1%
43.9%
4.7%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2010


98.0%
2.0%


2.5%
97.5%


76.5%
64.0%
2.0%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2011


98.8%
1.2%


1.8%
98.2%


100.0%
100.0%
1.2%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


99.2%
0.8%


4.5%
95.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.8%



Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



30.7%
69.3%


100.0%
95.0%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



37.3%
62.7%


100.0%
92.9%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



52.9%
47.1%


100.0%
96.6%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



59.4%
40.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



64.1%
35.9%


100.0%
98.4%




Ford
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



67.7%
32.3%


100.0%
96.9%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
1975
39.6%
60.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1976
42.8%
57.2%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1977
38.8%
61.2%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1978
39.1%
60.9%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1979
33.5%
66.5%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1980
54.8%
45.2%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1981
53.7%
36.0%
10.3%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1982
45.3%
54.7%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
Pickup
1983
53.0%
33.4%
13.6%


98.7%



1.3%






Ford
Truck
Pickup
1984
49.2%
35.0%
15.8%


99.4%



0.6%






Ford
Truck
Pickup
1985
53.2%
20.8%
25.9%


74.6%

25.2%

0.2%






Ford
Truck
Pickup
1986
49.3%
17.3%
33.4%


38.9%

60.9%

0.3%






Ford
Truck
Pickup
1987
59.8%
19.4%
20.8%


11.8%

88.0%

0.2%






Ford
Truck
Pickup
1988
61.3%
11.7%
27.0%


9.1%

90.9%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1989
62.6%
9.0%
28.4%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1990
45.4%
0.2%
54.4%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1991
49.2%

50.8%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1992
45.6%

54.4%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1993
46.2%

53.8%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1994
46.5%

53.5%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1995
42.0%

58.0%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-42	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1996
21.4
15.5
20.3
17.6
553
425
504
4065


230
147
11.5
0.675
0.0361
44.0



21.2%
78.8%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1997
21.2
15.3
19.9
17.4
566
436
510
4293


246
186
10.4
0.761
0.0428
45.7



29.9%
70.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1998
20.8
14.9
19.6
17.1
583
446
521
4277


244
184
10.6
0.761
0.0428
44.6



30.0%
70.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1999
20.3
14.5
19.1
16.6
604
460
535
4280


246
187
10.6
0.764
0.0433
43.5



33.9%
66.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2000
20.5
14.6
19.0
16.7
601
462
533
4309


247
190
10.1
0.773
0.0436
44.1



32.9%
67.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2001
19.8
14.0
18.2
16.0
624
483
554
4561


268
219
9.3
0.818
0.0476
45.0



37.0%
63.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2002
20.0
14.1
18.5
16.2
622
475
548
4519


262
217
9.5
0.830
0.0475
45.2



37.4%
62.6%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2003
20.0
14.1
18.3
16.1
623
480
550
4592


262
217
9.4
0.830
0.0469
46.0



35.9%
64.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2004
19.4
13.5
17.7
15.6
651
497
569
5140


281
245
9.4
0.868
0.0474
49.6



47.0%
53.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2005
19.1
13.2
17.5
15.4
665
503
578
5288


286
250
9.3
0.870
0.0471
50.4



46.7%
53.3%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2006
19.0
13.2
17.4
15.3
669
506
582
5369


292
256
9.4
0.875
0.0473
50.8



46.1%
53.9%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2007
19.4
13.4
17.9
15.6
655
491
568
5259


284
250
9.5
0.878
0.0471
51.0



43.1%
56.9%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2008
19.9
13.7
18.4
16.0
642
479
556
5175
63.1

277
244
9.6
0.882
0.0468
51.2



41.4%
58.6%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2009
21.0
14.5
19.2
16.8
606
457
528
5278
63.3

282
267
8.7
0.953
0.0502
55.2



47.7%
52.3%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2010
20.7
14.2
19.1
16.6
620
462
534
5486
64.7

294
280
8.6
0.954
0.0508
56.6



55.6%
44.4%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2011
21.7
15.0
20.0
17.5
586
440
509
5373
63.9

253
313
8.1
1.249
0.0573
58.4



57.7%
42.3%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2012
21.5
14.7
20.0
17.3
601
442
513
5807
68.0

262
351
7.6
1.376
0.0604
62.6



67.0%
33.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2013
21.8
14.9
20.3
17.6
595
435
506
5796
67.8

262
364
7.4
1.422
0.0628
63.2



67.0%
33.0%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2014
21.7
14.8
20.3
17.5
596
436
508
5787
67.9

265
362
7.4
1.396
0.0625
62.9



67.2%
32.8%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2015
23.7
16.2
21.8
19.0
544
405
468
4947
68.3

231
353
6.9
1.594
0.0713
59.1



70.9%
29.1%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2016
23.9
16.3
21.9
19.1
541
404
466
4939
68.0

227
349
6.9
1.602
0.0706
59.3



69.8%
30.2%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2017
24.4
16.6
22.3
19.5
530
395
457
4975
68.3

227
356
6.7
1.629
0.0714
61.0



71.4%
28.6%
Ford
Truck
Pickup
2018
25.7
17.5
23.2
20.4
507
383
439
5016
68.2

218
373
6.1
1.795
0.0746
65.0



69.9%
30.1%
Ford
Truck
All
1975
12.5
9.9
11.8
10.7
856
721
833
4182


327
140

0.437
0.0334
26.8



13.0%
87.0%
Ford
Truck
All
1976
13.8
11.1
12.6
11.7
768
666
760
4208


332
141

0.429
0.0335
29.8



17.0%
83.0%
Ford
Truck
All
1977
15.8
12.6
14.6
13.4
669
573
661
4198


336
155

0.467
0.0368
34.1



18.7%
81.3%
Ford
Truck
All
1978
15.5
12.4
14.3
13.2
680
589
674
4239


331
147
13.6
0.450
0.0346
33.8



25.5%
74.5%
Ford
Truck
All
1979
14.0
11.4
12.6
11.9
737
656
745
4283


323
158
13.8
0.490
0.0366
30.8



20.4%
79.6%
Ford
Truck
All
1980
17.4
13.9
16.0
14.8
614
528
602
4172


294
129
15.6
0.447
0.0307
36.9



21.9%
78.1%
Ford
Truck
All
1981
18.6
14.8
17.3
15.8
579
489
561
4023


287
123
15.6
0.440
0.0305
38.0



15.5%
84.5%
Ford
Truck
All
1982
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
616
529
599
4151


299
128
16.5
0.435
0.0310
36.8



19.6%
80.4%
Ford
Truck
All
1983
19.1
15.2
17.8
16.3
553
465
547
3809


253
116
15.6
0.483
0.0303
37.1



20.4%
79.6%
Ford
Truck
All
1984
18.8
14.9
17.6
16.0
575
480
557
3909


258
123
15.2
0.493
0.0312
37.2



34.7%
65.3%
Ford
Truck
All
1985
19.3
15.2
18.1
16.4
554
464
542
3863


257
129
14.3
0.518
0.0331
37.9



33.6%
66.4%
Ford
Truck
All
1986
20.3
15.9
19.1
17.2
544
448
517
3923


244
132
13.6
0.575
0.0339
40.0



30.7%
69.3%
Ford
Truck
All
1987
20.4
15.8
19.3
17.3
541
441
515
3931


234
140
13.2
0.633
0.0358
40.4



29.8%
70.2%
Ford
Truck
All
1988
20.5
15.7
19.5
17.3
545
439
513
3954


233
139
13.4
0.628
0.0354
40.8



31.6%
68.4%
Ford
Truck
All
1989
20.0
15.2
19.0
16.8
565
451
528
4160


242
145
12.9
0.635
0.0350
41.9



29.2%
70.8%
Ford
Truck
All
1990
20.1
15.1
19.4
16.9
566
444
526
4137


246
147
11.9
0.634
0.0358
41.9



27.6%
72.4%
Ford
Truck
All
1991
20.4
15.2
19.7
17.1
566
441
520
4181


242
156
11.7
0.668
0.0373
43.0



40.7%
59.3%
Ford
Truck
All
1992
20.1
14.9
19.4
16.8
579
448
528
4304


246
153
11.8
0.649
0.0357
43.6



36.7%
63.3%
Ford
Truck
All
1993
20.8
15.2
20.1
17.3
569
433
513
4232


238
159
10.8
0.690
0.0375
44.2


6.7%
31.7%
61.6%
Ford
Truck
All
1994
20.7
15.2
19.9
17.2
571
438
516
4246


240
159
10.7
0.681
0.0373
44.2


3.7%
35.5%
60.8%
Ford
Truck
All
1995
20.6
14.9
20.0
17.1
585
436
519
4312


253
159
11.1
0.645
0.0368
44.7


25.8%
33.0%
41.2%
Ford
Truck
All
1996
20.8
15.0
20.1
17.2
581
433
516
4249


241
162
11.3
0.694
0.0382
44.5


19.8%
30.3%
49.9%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-43	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Truck
Pickup
1996
49.1%

50.9%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1997
29.1%

70.9%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1998
27.7%

72.3%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
1999
21.0%

79.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
2000
21.9%

78.1%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
Pickup
2001
12.2%

87.8%




100.0%


2.6%





Ford
Truck
Pickup
2002
12.2%

87.8%




100.0%


6.5%





Ford
Truck
Pickup
2003
12.1%

87.9%




100.0%


5.3%





Ford
Truck
Pickup
2004
6.5%

93.5%




100.0%


45.3%
42.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2005
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


50.1%
47.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2006
4.7%

95.3%




100.0%


57.0%
53.2%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2007
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


53.1%
61.4%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2008
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


51.4%
49.4%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2009
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


74.3%
54.7%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2010
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


80.7%
21.7%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2011
2.6%

97.4%



23.7%
76.3%


85.1%
79.2%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2012


100.0%



38.5%
61.5%


95.8%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2013


100.0%



38.3%
61.7%


96.8%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2014


100.0%



33.0%
67.0%


96.3%
100.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2015


100.0%



58.2%
41.8%


100.0%
68.0%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2016


100.0%



57.4%
42.6%


100.0%
70.2%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2017


100.0%



57.6%
42.4%


100.0%
70.1%




Ford
Truck
Pickup
2018


100.0%



4.3%
91.3%

4.4%
100.0%
71.8%




Ford
Truck
All
1975
37.6%
62.4%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1976
38.5%
61.5%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1977
33.9%
66.1%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1978
33.4%
66.6%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1979
29.4%
70.6%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1980
48.2%
51.8%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1981
48.3%
43.4%
8.3%


100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1982
37.4%
62.6%



100.0%










Ford
Truck
All
1983
43.7%
39.3%
17.0%


99.0%



1.0%






Ford
Truck
All
1984
38.6%
44.5%
16.9%


99.6%



0.4%






Ford
Truck
All
1985
43.1%
24.9%
32.0%


82.0%

17.9%

0.1%






Ford
Truck
All
1986
36.6%
17.2%
46.2%


36.6%

63.2%

0.2%






Ford
Truck
All
1987
40.9%
18.9%
40.3%


9.4%

90.5%

0.1%






Ford
Truck
All
1988
44.1%
14.1%
41.8%


5.7%

94.3%








Ford
Truck
All
1989
39.4%
12.6%
48.0%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1990
31.1%
2.7%
66.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1991
30.0%
1.6%
68.4%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1992
28.6%
1.3%
70.1%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1993
25.8%
1.4%
72.8%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1994
29.5%
1.2%
69.2%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1995
19.2%
1.2%
79.5%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1996
21.2%
1.1%
77.7%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-44	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
Truck
All
1997
20.2
14.5
19.2
16.7
598
454
533
4461


255
186
10.6
0.737
0.0416
45.3


5.0%
40.5%
54.5%
Ford
Truck
All
1998
20.2
14.3
19.3
16.6
607
453
536
4485


255
190
10.8
0.752
0.0423
45.3


19.7%
39.1%
41.2%
Ford
Truck
All
1999
19.7
13.9
18.8
16.2
628
468
550
4578


258
199
10.6
0.777
0.0434
45.0


14.4%
40.3%
45.4%
Ford
Truck
All
2000
19.9
14.1
18.8
16.3
623
466
545
4589


259
202
10.0
0.785
0.0438
45.7


15.7%
39.7%
44.6%
Ford
Truck
All
2001
19.8
14.0
18.5
16.2
626
473
550
4628


262
219
9.4
0.842
0.0473
45.9


11.3%
42.3%
46.5%
Ford
Truck
All
2002
20.0
14.0
18.7
16.2
628
471
547
4540


255
216
9.4
0.856
0.0476
45.4


9.1%
45.0%
45.9%
Ford
Truck
All
2003
19.8
13.7
18.4
16.0
637
476
555
4752


262
222
9.5
0.853
0.0468
47.0


8.7%
42.5%
48.8%
Ford
Truck
All
2004
19.5
13.5
18.0
15.7
652
489
565
5010


273
236
9.4
0.865
0.0470
48.6


7.7%
48.4%
43.9%
Ford
Truck
All
2005
20.0
13.8
18.4
16.1
633
477
553
4993


264
238
9.3
0.910
0.0475
49.9


8.9%
52.1%
38.9%
Ford
Truck
All
2006
19.8
13.6
18.3
15.9
639
479
558
5117


271
243
9.4
0.905
0.0473
50.7


7.8%
49.6%
42.7%
Ford
Truck
All
2007
20.2
13.9
18.7
16.3
629
467
546
5028


263
242
9.4
0.931
0.0480
50.9


5.0%
51.2%
43.8%
Ford
Truck
All
2008
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
601
450
526
4900
56.2

251
237
9.4
0.963
0.0483
51.6


3.2%
56.7%
40.1%
Ford
Truck
All
2009
22.1
15.1
20.4
17.7
574
429
501
4955
57.3

252
256
8.6
1.040
0.0516
54.8


7.8%
57.5%
34.8%
Ford
Truck
All
2010
21.8
15.0
20.0
17.5
579
437
508
5127
58.3

262
261
CO
CO
1.020
0.0508
55.9


7.4%
60.4%
32.2%
Ford
Truck
All
2011
22.9
15.8
21.0
18.4
552
416
484
5060
58.2

236
289
8.2
1.240
0.0566
58.0


11.0%
61.8%
27.3%
Ford
Truck
All
2012
23.1
15.8
21.3
18.5
551
411
479
5200
59.4

235
302
8.1
1.308
0.0577
59.9


13.6%
65.9%
20.6%
Ford
Truck
All
2013
23.8
16.1
22.0
19.0
540
395
467
5213
59.5

228
314
7.8
1.429
0.0599
61.9


13.4%
67.8%
18.7%
Ford
Truck
All
2014
23.8
16.1
22.1
19.1
538
394
466
5217
59.4

228
313
7.8
1.428
0.0596
62.1


13.3%
68.2%
18.4%
Ford
Truck
All
2015
25.2
17.0
23.2
20.1
514
379
443
4801
58.9

202
309
7.5
1.581
0.0639
60.7


14.0%
70.1%
15.9%
Ford
Truck
All
2016
25.1
17.0
23.1
20.0
517
380
445
4803
59.0

200
309
7.5
1.601
0.0639
60.5


12.9%
70.7%
16.4%
Ford
Truck
All
2017
25.5
17.2
23.5
20.3
508
374
438
4805
57.3

192
305
7.5
1.654
0.0630
61.4


13.2%
73.0%
13.9%
Ford
Truck
All
2018
26.4
17.9
23.9
20.9
492
369
427
4830
60.1

193
322
7.1
1.729
0.0659
64.1


9.5%
71.7%
18.8%
Ford
All
All
1975
13.5
10.5
13.0
11.5
789
641
773
4212


314
140

0.459
0.0328
29.0



3.3%
96.7%
Ford
All
All
1976
15.7
12.5
14.6
13.4
678
572
665
4251


313
134

0.439
0.0312
34.0



4.8%
95.2%
Ford
All
All
1977
16.3
12.9
15.3
13.9
661
557
641
4312


326
147

0.461
0.0340
35.6



5.5%
94.5%
Ford
All
All
1978
17.5
13.7
16.8
14.9
609
498
595
3990


295
135
13.8
0.477
0.0336
35.4


3.3%
7.6%
89.1%
Ford
All
All
1979
17.3
13.7
16.3
14.8
613
505
602
3812


270
131
14.3
0.506
0.0340
33.5


2.2%
5.9%
91.9%
Ford
All
All
1980
20.8
16.3
19.8
17.7
528
427
502
3459


230
112
15.2
0.517
0.0323
36.0


4.4%
6.0%
89.6%
Ford
All
All
1981
21.6
16.9
20.6
18.4
502
405
483
3371


218
108
15.3
0.554
0.0322
36.6


19.9%
5.0%
75.2%
Ford
All
All
1982
22.1
17.2
21.3
18.8
488
383
472
3350


211
105
16.8
0.547
0.0311
37.4


30.8%
5.3%
63.9%
Ford
All
All
1983
21.9
17.0
21.2
18.7
497
392
476
3428


221
110
15.1
0.537
0.0319
37.9


19.2%
7.4%
73.4%
Ford
All
All
1984
22.8
17.7
22.0
19.4
473
379
458
3419


217
111
14.8
0.551
0.0324
39.6


29.9%
11.1%
59.1%
Ford
All
All
1985
23.4
18.2
22.6
20.0
458
366
445
3406


216
122
13.7
0.603
0.0355
40.6


29.5%
10.4%
60.1%
Ford
All
All
1986
23.9
18.4
23.2
20.3
461
364
438
3475


210
123
13.1
0.627
0.0354
41.9


33.9%
11.3%
54.8%
Ford
All
All
1987
24.0
18.3
23.5
20.4
466
359
436
3476


203
124
13.3
0.645
0.0354
42.1


40.8%
10.3%
48.9%
Ford
All
All
1988
24.4
18.4
23.8
20.6
458
355
431
3488


204
130
13.0
0.676
0.0372
42.9


40.3%
10.6%
49.0%
Ford
All
All
1989
24.2
18.2
23.7
20.4
467
359
435
3571


204
128
12.8
0.671
0.0358
43.6


44.1%
9.8%
46.0%
Ford
All
All
1990
23.7
17.6
23.2
19.9
484
367
447
3669


214
134
11.8
0.664
0.0365
43.7


40.7%
10.0%
49.3%
Ford
All
All
1991
24.2
17.8
23.6
20.2
476
359
439
3626


205
142
11.6
0.719
0.0388
44.2


43.9%
14.7%
41.4%
Ford
All
All
1992
23.5
17.2
23.1
19.7
498
370
452
3793


219
149
11.2
0.700
0.0393
44.9


36.9%
14.4%
48.6%
Ford
All
All
1993
24.5
17.7
23.9
20.4
480
356
436
3678


206
145
10.6
0.725
0.0391
45.3


44.1%
12.3%
43.6%
Ford
All
All
1994
23.7
17.1
23.2
19.7
498
366
450
3792


217
150
10.4
0.713
0.0394
45.3


36.0%
15.5%
48.4%
Ford
All
All
1995
24.0
17.1
23.7
19.9
497
358
446
3791


218
152
10.6
0.727
0.0399
45.9


48.9%
14.7%
36.4%
Ford
All
All
1996
23.3
16.5
22.8
19.2
522
377
462
3871


218
159
10.8
0.757
0.0412
45.3


42.5%
15.0%
42.5%
Ford
All
All
1997
22.8
16.2
22.1
18.8
528
385
473
3992


226
172
10.5
0.774
0.0427
45.7


33.1%
22.0%
44.9%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-45	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
Truck
All
1997
16.4%

83.6%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1998
12.1%

87.9%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
1999
10.4%

89.6%




100.0%


1.4%





Ford
Truck
All
2000
10.5%

89.5%




100.0%








Ford
Truck
All
2001
6.8%

93.2%




100.0%


8.7%





Ford
Truck
All
2002
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


8.6%





Ford
Truck
All
2003
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


10.0%





Ford
Truck
All
2004
3.4%

96.6%




100.0%


30.1%
21.9%




Ford
Truck
All
2005
2.4%

91.4%
6.2%



100.0%


53.4%
33.0%
0.5%



Ford
Truck
All
2006
2.5%

91.6%
5.8%



100.0%


55.5%
40.8%
1.1%



Ford
Truck
All
2007
3.0%

92.0%
5.0%



100.0%


57.5%
42.6%
0.8%



Ford
Truck
All
2008
2.7%

95.6%
1.7%



100.0%


63.2%
31.0%
1.7%



Ford
Truck
All
2009
1.8%

96.3%
1.8%



100.0%


78.8%
51.1%
1.8%



Ford
Truck
All
2010
0.7%

98.6%
0.7%


0.9%
99.1%


80.0%
35.8%
0.7%



Ford
Truck
All
2011
1.5%

98.0%
0.5%


14.3%
85.7%


91.1%
84.3%
0.5%



Ford
Truck
All
2012


99.7%
0.3%


21.9%
78.1%


97.3%
94.3%
0.3%



Ford
Truck
All
2013


100.0%



33.4%
66.6%


98.1%
94.0%




Ford
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



34.0%
66.0%


97.9%
96.5%




Ford
Truck
All
2015


100.0%



52.7%
47.3%


100.0%
84.0%




Ford
Truck
All
2016


100.0%



55.8%
44.2%


100.0%
86.1%




Ford
Truck
All
2017


100.0%



59.7%
40.3%


100.0%
88.1%




Ford
Truck
All
2018


100.0%



33.0%
64.7%

2.3%
100.0%
84.0%




Ford
All
All
1975
19.7%
80.3%



100.0%










Ford
All
All
1976
18.7%
81.3%



100.0%










Ford
All
All
1977
14.7%
85.3%



100.0%










Ford
All
All
1978
19.1%
80.9%



100.0%










Ford
All
All
1979
20.1%
79.9%



100.0%










Ford
All
All
1980
33.0%
56.5%
10.5%


99.1%


0.9%







Ford
All
All
1981
33.6%
48.8%
17.6%


96.6%


3.4%







Ford
All
All
1982
33.2%
34.9%
31.9%


96.8%


3.2%







Ford
All
All
1983
29.9%
28.3%
41.8%


81.2%

1.5%
17.0%
0.4%






Ford
All
All
1984
26.7%
33.5%
39.9%


64.8%

12.4%
21.5%
1.3%






Ford
All
All
1985
28.3%
28.1%
43.6%


46.4%

7.2%
46.0%
0.4%






Ford
All
All
1986
28.3%
23.7%
48.0%


31.0%

47.8%
20.9%
0.3%






Ford
All
All
1987
27.9%
25.2%
46.9%


3.3%

65.1%
31.5%
0.2%






Ford
All
All
1988
28.8%
22.1%
49.0%


4.7%

81.0%
14.3%







Ford
All
All
1989
26.2%
20.8%
53.0%


1.3%

89.8%
8.8%







Ford
All
All
1990
19.7%
16.6%
63.6%




93.7%
6.3%







Ford
All
All
1991
20.9%
9.5%
69.7%




100.0%








Ford
All
All
1992
16.9%
10.3%
72.8%




100.0%








Ford
All
All
1993
19.2%
8.0%
72.8%




100.0%








Ford
All
All
1994
20.6%
6.0%
73.4%




100.0%


4.2%





Ford
All
All
1995
16.5%
0.6%
83.0%




100.0%


10.5%
4.9%




Ford
All
All
1996
15.6%
0.6%
83.9%




100.0%


13.9%
6.3%




Ford
All
All
1997
13.0%

87.0%




100.0%


6.8%
2.5%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-46	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Ford
All
All
1998
22.8
16.0
22.1
18.7
534
385
474
3982


223
173
10.7
0.795
0.0433
45.5


41.7%
20.8%
37.6%
Ford
All
All
1999
22.6
15.8
21.8
18.5
543
390
480
4034


225
181
10.4
0.827
0.0450
45.7


40.5%
20.5%
39.0%
Ford
All
All
2000
22.8
15.9
21.8
18.6
539
392
477
4030


226
187
9.8
0.844
0.0463
46.2


38.9%
19.4%
41.6%
Ford
All
All
2001
22.4
15.6
21.2
18.2
552
403
488
4102


231
197
9.4
0.868
0.0478
46.0


36.4%
22.3%
41.3%
Ford
All
All
2002
22.3
15.5
21.0
18.1
557
409
491
4107


227
198
9.4
0.887
0.0481
46.0


34.1%
26.7%
39.2%
Ford
All
All
2003
22.1
15.2
20.7
17.8
566
415
498
4284


236
206
9.3
0.889
0.0483
47.3


31.3%
25.1%
43.6%
Ford
All
All
2004
21.1
14.5
19.7
17.0
599
439
522
4595


253
222
9.2
0.885
0.0486
48.2


22.1%
33.1%
44.8%
Ford
All
All
2005
22.6
15.5
20.8
18.1
554
411
490
4391


232
214
9.2
0.946
0.0488
49.6


34.4%
30.6%
35.0%
Ford
All
All
2006
22.5
15.3
20.9
18.0
559
410
493
4467


236
221
9.1
0.957
0.0495
50.2


35.3%
28.5%
36.2%
Ford
All
All
2007
23.5
15.9
21.9
18.9
535
388
471
4295


223
216
9.1
0.993
0.0502
50.7


41.0%
26.1%
33.0%
Ford
All
All
2008
24.1
16.3
22.5
19.3
520
380
460
4283
51.1

219
221
9.0
1.039
0.0518
52.0


41.1%
28.5%
30.4%
Ford
All
All
2009
25.8
17.3
23.8
20.5
490
358
434
4200
50.7

209
224
8.6
1.096
0.0531
54.4


50.0%
27.1%
22.9%
Ford
All
All
2010
25.6
17.3
23.6
20.4
485
360
435
4367
51.9

218
231
8.6
1.088
0.0530
56.4


47.6%
30.8%
21.7%
Ford
All
All
2011
26.4
17.9
24.3
21.0
474
351
423
4375
52.1

208
253
8.2
1.220
0.0571
58.2


47.4%
32.6%
20.0%
Ford
All
All
2012
28.7
19.2
26.2
22.7
0
0
392
4153
50.9

189
240
8.1
1.276
0.0572
60.0


59.4%
27.8%
12.8%
Ford
All
All
2013
28.1
18.8
25.8
22.2
0
0
400
4488
53.4

190
265
8.0
1.432
0.0581
64.7


50.9%
36.3%
12.8%
Ford
All
All
2014
28.7
19.2
26.4
22.7
0
0
391
4335
52.4

183
254
8.0
1.435
0.0577
63.5


53.5%
32.8%
13.7%
Ford
All
All
2015
28.9
19.3
26.6
22.8
0
0
389
4272
53.1

176
263
7.8
1.535
0.0606
63.4


47.0%
38.4%
14.6%
Ford
All
All
2016
28.9
19.2
26.6
22.8
0
0
389
4269
53.3

173
261
7.8
1.544
0.0601
63.6


46.2%
39.9%
14.0%
Ford
All
All
2017
28.9
19.3
26.6
22.9
0
0
388
4360
52.5

166
262
7.9
1.629
0.0592
65.9


45.7%
42.2%
12.1%
Ford
All
All
2018
28.9
19.3
26.1
22.7
0
0
392
4463
55.2

172
281
7.6
1.683
0.0617
66.2


37.2%
47.4%
15.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
15.8
12.4
15.1
13.5
679
558
659
4044


283
137

0.509
0.0334
32.3


2.9%

97.1%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
16.8
13.1
16.1
14.3
642
528
619
3991


280
132

0.485
0.0325
33.9


1.7%

98.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
16.7
12.9
16.1
14.2
647
525
626
4069

115.4
287
133

0.484
0.0322
34.2
1975
3951
1.8%

98.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
19.1
14.8
18.5
16.3
558
455
547
3649

108.6
246
123
13.9
0.544
0.0332
35.2
2152
3821
12.1%

87.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
21.0
16.4
20.2
17.9
510
419
496
3387

107.1
218
110
15.1
0.555
0.0321
35.7
2316
3831
26.4%

73.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
22.7
17.7
21.8
19.4
473
389
459
3075

102.3
183
89
16.8
0.543
0.0290
35.1
2392
3588
38.8%
4.1%
57.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
26.1
20.3
25.2
22.2
421
336
400
2833

104.7
158
92
15.6
0.622
0.0325
37.2
2816
3892
67.7%
1.9%
30.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
26.9
21.0
25.9
22.9
407
330
387
2942

106.5
167
94
16.8
0.607
0.0321
39.8
2952
4241
70.4%
2.9%
26.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
28.4
22.4
26.7
24.2
376
316
368
2843

106.6
155
90
15.7
0.623
0.0316
40.9
3147
4346
78.2%
3.5%
18.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
28.5
22.3
27.2
24.3
382
315
366
2790

105.3
143
92
15.3
0.672
0.0326
40.1
3095
4219
88.4%
1.9%
9.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
28.1
21.9
27.0
23.9
393
321
371
2881

106.9
150
106
13.9
0.745
0.0365
40.7
3065
4347
88.1%
0.1%
11.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
28.5
22.3
27.0
24.2
386
320
367
2883

106.3
148
104
13.6
0.741
0.0359
41.4
3102
4402
89.6%
0.7%
9.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
27.7
21.3
26.3
23.4
408
331
380
2897

106.0
153
106
13.5
0.734
0.0367
40.2
2973
4259
88.1%
0.3%
11.5%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
28.5
21.6
27.4
24.0
401
320
370
2956

107.2
152
109
13.7
0.733
0.0367
42.2
3091
4521
93.5%
0.2%
6.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
28.0
20.9
27.4
23.6
415
321
377
3073

106.8
151
111
13.1
0.746
0.0361
43.3
3030
4612
97.3%
0.3%
2.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
27.3
20.2
26.8
22.9
433
330
387
3214

106.3
161
124
11.7
0.785
0.0384
44.0
2921
4674
99.7%
0.0%
0.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
27.4
20.4
26.3
22.9
429
336
388
3189

106.4
161
126
11.7
0.795
0.0392
43.8
2941
4662
97.6%
2.0%
0.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
27.7
20.5
26.3
23.0
428
336
386
3172

105.4
163
126
11.4
0.786
0.0393
44.0
2938
4633
97.4%
2.3%
0.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
27.9
20.2
27.0
23.1
432
326
384
3178

108.4
169
133
10.4
0.791
0.0414
44.4
3042
4813
99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
26.2
18.8
25.8
21.8
465
343
408
3361

111.7
180
146
10.0
0.802
0.0427
44.1
2942
4930
99.6%

0.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
28.1
19.9
27.9
23.3
440
315
382
3206

108.8
157
153
9.5
0.999
0.0475
45.1
3088
4914
99.0%
0.7%
0.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.2
19.0
27.3
22.5
461
323
394
3333

110.2
158
164
9.6
1.070
0.0495
45.3
3023
5007
99.5%
0.2%
0.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
27.1
18.7
27.5
22.4
468
320
396
3355

110.5
159
163
9.8
1.034
0.0483
45.6
3027
5047
99.5%
0.2%
0.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
28.3
19.4
28.4
23.3
453
310
382
3230

108.0
144
154
10.2
1.069
0.0476
45.8
3083
4950
99.8%
0.1%
0.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-47	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Ford
All
All
1998
11.5%

88.5%




100.0%


13.2%
8.8%




Ford
All
All
1999
9.8%

90.2%




100.0%


17.6%
6.6%




Ford
All
All
2000
10.3%

89.7%




100.0%


15.3%
3.8%




Ford
All
All
2001
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%


19.0%
5.7%




Ford
All
All
2002
6.9%

93.1%




100.0%


20.2%
5.4%




Ford
All
All
2003
7.1%

92.9%




100.0%


20.3%
6.2%




Ford
All
All
2004
5.0%

95.0%




100.0%


32.2%
19.0%




Ford
All
All
2005
5.0%

89.7%
5.3%



100.0%


55.4%
31.1%
0.4%



Ford
All
All
2006
5.2%

89.0%
5.8%



100.0%


59.2%
41.0%
1.0%



Ford
All
All
2007
6.4%

90.2%
3.3%



100.0%


65.4%
29.6%
0.7%



Ford
All
All
2008
5.1%

93.1%
1.9%



100.0%


74.0%
17.4%
1.9%



Ford
All
All
2009
4.0%

94.0%
2.1%



100.0%


84.8%
36.9%
2.1%



Ford
All
All
2010
2.4%

95.0%
2.6%


1.0%
99.0%


85.7%
54.6%
2.6%



Ford
All
All
2011
3.2%

95.2%
1.6%


7.6%
92.4%


92.9%
83.8%
1.6%



Ford
All
All
2012
3.6%
1.5%
93.5%
1.5%


27.8%
72.2%


98.9%
97.3%
1.5%



Ford
All
All
2013
2.8%
3.9%
89.1%
4.1%


39.9%
60.0%


99.0%
96.4%
4.1%



Ford
All
All
2014
3.3%
6.6%
86.7%
3.4%


44.5%
55.4%


99.0%
97.6%
3.4%



Ford
All
All
2015
3.2%
5.1%
88.5%
3.2%


51.3%
48.6%


99.9%
90.7%
3.2%



Ford
All
All
2016
2.9%
10.4%
83.8%
2.9%


53.7%
46.2%


99.9%
92.5%
2.9%



Ford
All
All
2017
2.9%
6.8%
85.7%
4.5%


59.8%
40.1%


99.9%
93.2%
4.5%



Ford
All
All
2018
3.2%
5.0%
88.1%
3.7%


42.1%
56.4%

1.5%
100.0%
89.8%
3.7%



FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
13.3%
86.7%



99.6%

0.4%





51.9%
30.7%
17.5%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
13.4%
86.6%



99.9%

0.1%





51.2%
37.4%
11.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
11.0%
89.0%



99.8%

0.2%





40.6%
43.3%
16.1%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
17.7%
32.0%
50.2%


99.6%

0.4%





55.0%
40.0%
5.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
18.9%
31.8%
45.5%

3.8%
99.6%

0.4%





45.9%
43.5%
10.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
23.6%
27.5%
42.8%

6.1%
98.8%

1.2%





63.6%
32.9%
3.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
30.1%
50.8%
14.3%

4.9%
96.6%

2.7%
0.7%




53.3%
45.4%
1.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
20.3%
56.0%
19.2%

4.5%
97.8%

1.9%
0.3%




41.7%
58.3%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
24.9%
56.9%
15.4%

2.8%
84.8%

1.4%
13.8%




48.3%
51.7%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
26.8%
62.7%
10.5%


66.4%

9.4%
24.2%




56.8%
43.2%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
19.9%
67.0%
13.0%


52.7%

16.2%
31.1%




45.1%
54.9%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
19.2%
68.8%
12.0%


31.9%

18.2%
49.8%




43.0%
57.0%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
17.2%
51.6%
31.2%


37.8%

17.4%
44.8%




48.3%
51.7%

FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
13.8%
9.2%
77.0%


11.6%

27.6%
60.7%




51.0%
45.4%
3.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
13.8%
8.5%
77.7%


1.7%

44.2%
54.2%

0.6%


50.3%
45.7%
4.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
13.9%
1.4%
84.6%




61.6%
38.4%

8.1%


51.5%
38.9%
9.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
15.6%
0.9%
83.5%




62.4%
37.6%

15.6%


46.5%
43.7%
9.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
16.1%
0.6%
83.3%




60.9%
39.1%

7.4%


54.1%
38.3%
7.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
12.4%
1.2%
86.4%




67.0%
33.0%

19.2%


45.6%
30.6%
23.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
7.5%
0.3%
92.2%




71.0%
29.0%

28.2%


36.9%
19.0%
44.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
14.0%
0.1%
85.9%




97.1%
2.9%

75.7%
0.1%

54.1%
16.7%
29.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
9.7%
0.0%
90.3%




100.0%


88.2%
0.0%

45.9%
23.6%
30.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
7.8%

92.2%




100.0%


92.6%
0.1%

43.0%
25.3%
31.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
7.7%

92.3%




100.0%


99.8%


50.5%
31.9%
17.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-48	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
26.9
18.3
27.0
22.1
480
327
401
3516

113.2
163
185
9.5
1.128
0.0523
47.4
3071
5390
99.1%

0.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
27.6
18.9
26.8
22.5
464
330
395
3394

112.2
154
173
9.4
1.117
0.0505
46.8
3114
5268
99.4%

0.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
27.6
18.9
26.2
22.3
465
337
398
3454

113.2
157
174
9.3
1.101
0.0501
47.7
3141
5413
99.2%

0.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
26.9
18.3
25.6
21.7
480
345
409
3475

113.5
159
191
9.0
1.192
0.0545
46.9
3071
5320
99.3%

0.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
28.4
19.3
26.4
22.7
453
333
391
3373

112.4
150
167
9.4
1.110
0.0492
48.2
3223
5415
99.2%

0.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
27.4
18.6
25.5
21.9
471
345
405
3623

117.5
165
197
8.7
1.200
0.0542
49.6
3221
5860
89.8%
9.2%
0.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
26.5
17.8
24.8
21.2
488
354
419
3757

120.0
186
214
8.4
1.177
0.0565
49.8
3195
6019
63.1%
7.0%
29.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
25.4
17.0
24.0
20.4
516
368
436
3950

125.4
212
244
7.9
1.193
0.0615
50.3
3196
6323
45.1%
5.5%
49.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
27.1
18.3
25.0
21.6
473
352
412
3825

116.3
186
223
8.2
1.249
0.0577
52.2
3178
6064
64.5%
7.0%
28.6%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
27.8
18.6
25.9
22.1
469
340
401
3789
47.7
113.4
177
208
CO
CO
1.195
0.0543
53.0
3190
6014
63.7%
3.4%
32.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
27.5
18.4
25.6
21.9
472
343
405
3838
48.1
116.1
194
226
8.3
1.204
0.0579
53.2
3253
6174
50.9%
1.7%
47.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
27.8
18.5
26.1
22.2
471
338
401
3840
48.9
115.2
194
224
8.4
1.168
0.0574
53.6
3249
6177
47.2%
1.8%
51.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
28.3
18.5
27.2
22.6
472
325
393
3881
49.1
114.7
208
254
7.6
1.240
0.0643
55.1
3286
6319
58.8%
2.0%
39.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
30.0
19.5
28.7
23.9
443
306
372
3707
47.7
111.2
189
232
8.1
1.229
0.0607
55.7
3370
6202
61.8%
2.1%
36.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
30.8
20.1
29.3
24.5
0
0
363
3720
47.7
111.7
181
226
8.1
1.283
0.0593
58.5
3535
6510
68.2%
3.7%
28.1%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
29.3
19.0
28.2
23.4
0
0
379
3896
49.4
115.5
203
258
7.5
1.313
0.0649
58.5
3492
6712
47.5%
9.7%
42.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
32.2
20.6
31.4
25.6
0
0
346
3747
48.0
113.8
187
241
7.3
1.303
0.0627
62.8
3842
7079
61.2%
8.0%
30.8%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
30.0
19.3
29.6
24.1
0
0
368
3932
49.9
115.4
217
283
6.8
1.320
0.0702
61.4
3641
7021
40.4%
9.3%
50.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
29.3
18.9
29.2
23.7
0
0
373
4023
50.1
111.7
231
305
6.5
1.415
0.0742
64.3
3569
7011
15.3%
16.7%
68.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
27.6
17.8
27.4
22.3
0
0
398
4157
51.3
114.4
244
344
6.0
1.487
0.0815
59.4
3282
6749
6.5%
18.8%
74.7%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1975
14.5
11.5
13.6
12.4
759
644
718
4000


303
139

0.458
0.0347
29.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1976
16.5
12.5
16.6
14.1
702
532
631
4000


298
139

0.466
0.0348
33.2




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1977
16.4
12.9
15.5
13.9
685
571
638
4000


276
128

0.459
0.0319
32.9




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1978
16.4
13.2
14.9
13.9
669
593
638
4000


296
137
13.6
0.465
0.0343
33.0




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1979
20.3
17.1
17.4
17.2
518
509
516
2837


133
84
17.6
0.647
0.0294
28.8




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1980
17.6
14.3
15.9
15.0
617
559
593
4000


279
123
16.1
0.442
0.0308
35.4




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1981
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
648
553
605
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
34.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1982
23.6
20.7
19.1
19.9
429
466
446
2500


151
84
17.5
0.556
0.0336
29.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1983
23.2
20.4
18.7
19.6
436
476
454
2500


151
87
15.6
0.580
0.0350
29.0




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1984
18.4
15.8
15.3
15.6
550
571
571
3472


220
105
15.8
0.500
0.0312
31.6




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1985
23.4
18.6
21.9
19.9
474
401
446
3000


158
107
14.1
0.678
0.0356
35.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1986
22.7
18.0
20.9
19.2
490
419
463
3405


164
116
13.8
0.710
0.0341
38.9




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1987
21.1
16.0
20.8
17.9
545
422
495
3424


223
159
11.1
0.719
0.0463
36.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1988
21.1
15.9
20.9
17.9
556
422
497
3464


232
167
10.9
0.722
0.0482
36.8




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1989
20.9
15.5
20.6
17.6
570
430
505
3481


237
174
10.3
0.734
0.0499
36.4




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1990
21.2
15.7
20.8
17.8
563
427
499
3474


237
173
9.6
0.734
0.0499
36.8




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1991
20.6
15.1
20.4
17.3
585
434
513
3486


239
179
9.5
0.747
0.0512
36.0




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1992
20.6
15.1
20.2
17.3
586
439
515
3492


240
189
9.0
0.786
0.0541
36.1




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1993
19.3
14.0
19.0
16.1
632
467
551
3904


264
197
CO
CO
0.753
0.0505
37.7




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1994
20.9
15.1
20.6
17.4
586
432
509
3668


236
186
8.7
0.791
0.0508
38.4




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1995
19.5
14.0
19.0
16.2
633
468
549
3763


242
190
9.0
0.785
0.0507
36.6




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1996
20.7
14.8
20.2
17.1
599
441
518
3738


238
187
9.5
0.789
0.0502
38.7




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1997
20.4
14.5
19.8
16.9
613
447
527
3882


248
188
9.6
0.762
0.0487
39.6




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1998
20.8
14.6
20.1
17.1
606
441
520
3836


244
187
9.9
0.768
0.0490
39.9




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1999
21.6
15.2
20.7
17.7
584
429
502
3830


240
192
9.7
0.799
0.0502
41.4




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-49	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
3.0%
0.1%
96.9%




100.0%


99.8%
0.2%

28.3%
25.4%
46.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
3.7%

96.3%




100.0%


99.8%
0.1%

41.0%
22.3%
36.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


99.8%
0.1%

55.6%
18.5%
25.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
6.4%

93.6%




100.0%


99.8%
0.3%

52.6%
21.1%
26.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


99.6%
0.4%

65.6%
17.5%
16.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%


43.1%
27.5%
29.5%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
5.0%
0.2%
94.8%




100.0%


87.8%
0.2%

42.4%
24.9%
32.7%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
1.6%
0.3%
98.1%




100.0%


80.1%
0.3%

22.9%
21.7%
55.4%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
2.1%
0.1%
69.8%
27.9%



100.0%


87.6%
39.3%

47.3%
16.2%
36.5%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
1.7%
0.4%
84.4%
13.4%



100.0%


94.1%
39.2%

18.9%
49.0%
32.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
5.4%
0.8%
77.0%
16.8%



100.0%


83.6%
51.2%

25.2%
38.8%
36.0%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
3.5%
0.4%
83.6%
12.6%



100.0%


88.7%
49.9%

32.2%
29.5%
38.3%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
2.7%

82.9%
14.4%



100.0%


85.0%
86.8%

29.7%
39.7%
30.5%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
6.6%
0.5%
90.5%
2.3%



100.0%


89.5%
97.7%

18.7%
53.1%
28.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
8.0%
3.1%
88.9%




99.6%


90.0%
98.9%

10.3%
66.8%
22.9%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
4.6%

95.4%



2.7%
96.6%


86.1%
99.3%

9.8%
51.1%
39.2%
FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
4.7%

95.3%



2.1%
96.6%


88.9%
98.7%




FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
4.9%

95.1%



2.0%
96.9%


80.1%
98.8%




FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
4.6%

95.4%



9.1%
87.6%


73.3%
89.6%




FCA
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
5.0%

95.0%



10.6%
88.4%


71.7%
91.9%

10.5%
32.6%
57.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
1975
19.9%
80.1%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1976
17.3%
82.7%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1977
13.3%
86.7%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1978
12.9%
87.1%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1979
0.7%
93.0%
6.3%


100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1980


100.0%


100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1981


100.0%


100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1982

100.0%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1983

100.0%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1984

100.0%



100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1985
39.2%

60.8%


100.0%










FCA
Car
Car SUV
1986
33.4%

66.6%


60.8%


39.1%
0.1%






FCA
Car
Car SUV
1987
27.5%

72.5%




79.3%
20.7%







FCA
Car
Car SUV
1988
18.7%

81.3%




89.6%
10.4%







FCA
Car
Car SUV
1989
16.4%

83.6%




94.9%
5.1%







FCA
Car
Car SUV
1990
16.4%

83.6%




94.1%
5.9%







FCA
Car
Car SUV
1991
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1992
16.6%

83.4%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1993
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1994
13.2%

86.8%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1995
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1996
8.3%

91.7%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1997
2.8%

97.2%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1998
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
1999
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-50	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2000
21.1
14.8
20.0
17.2
600
444
516
3913


247
199
9.2
0.804
0.0508
41.3




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2001
21.1
14.6
20.1
17.2
607
442
517
3846


247
197
8.9
0.799
0.0514
40.5




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2002
20.2
13.9
19.3
16.5
639
460
540
4000


244
198
9.3
0.811
0.0494
40.4




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2003
22.0
15.4
20.1
17.7
577
442
502
4000


232
204
9.1
0.885
0.0511
44.0




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2004
22.5
15.3
21.2
18.2
579
419
489
4000


224
209
9.0
0.932
0.0522
45.0




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2005
22.1
15.1
20.3
17.7
587
438
502
4000


224
209
8.9
0.931
0.0521
44.2




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2006
22.4
15.2
21.0
18.0
586
424
494
4000


226
210
8.9
0.929
0.0525
44.7




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2007
23.1
15.7
21.5
18.5
567
413
479
4000


227
208
9.0
0.919
0.0521
46.2




100.0%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2008





















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2009
27.3
18.5
24.8
21.7
479
358
410
4000
49.0

144
173
10.3
1.201
0.0433
54.6


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2010
27.8
18.9
25.1
22.0
470
354
404
4000
49.0

146
173
10.4
1.185
0.0433
55.6


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2011





















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2012
27.8
19.0
24.7
21.9
457
357
406
3781
44.8

169
190
9.2
1.154
0.0498
53.0


71.7%

28.3%
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2013
29.9
20.3
26.5
23.4
433
335
379
3747
45.3

149
184
9.3
1.238
0.0487
56.0


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2014
31.4
20.9
28.3
24.6
422
313
362
3699
44.6

145
183
9.0
1.266
0.0493
58.1


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2015
32.3
21.6
28.8
25.2
411
307
353
3704
44.1

143
182
CO
CO
1.275
0.0492
59.8


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2016
32.1
21.6
28.3
25.0
411
312
356
3660
43.8

140
175
9.0
1.255
0.0479
58.8


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2017
31.9
21.4
29.0
25.1
416
305
354
3693
44.2

144
182
8.7
1.259
0.0492
59.0


100.0%


FCA
Car
Car SUV
2018
31.9
21.1
29.2
25.1
419
302
354
3729
45.1

149
187
8.7
1.256
0.0502
59.7


100.0%


FCA
Car
All
1975
15.8
12.4
15.1
13.5
679
558
659
4044


283
137

0.509
0.0334
32.3


2.9%

97.1%
FCA
Car
All
1976
16.8
13.1
16.1
14.3
642
528
619
3991


280
132

0.485
0.0325
33.9


1.7%

98.3%
FCA
Car
All
1977
16.7
12.9
16.1
14.2
647
525
626
4069


287
133

0.484
0.0322
34.2


1.8%

98.2%
FCA
Car
All
1978
19.1
14.8
18.4
16.3
558
455
547
3649


246
123
13.9
0.543
0.0332
35.2


12.1%

87.9%
FCA
Car
All
1979
21.0
16.4
20.1
17.9
511
420
496
3383


218
110
15.1
0.556
0.0320
35.7


26.2%

73.8%
FCA
Car
All
1980
22.7
17.7
21.8
19.4
473
389
459
3076


183
89
16.8
0.543
0.0290
35.1


38.8%
4.1%
57.2%
FCA
Car
All
1981
26.1
20.3
25.2
22.2
421
336
400
2833


158
92
15.6
0.622
0.0325
37.2


67.7%
1.9%
30.4%
FCA
Car
All
1982
26.9
21.0
25.8
22.9
407
332
388
2936


166
94
16.8
0.606
0.0321
39.7


69.5%
2.9%
27.6%
FCA
Car
All
1983
28.3
22.4
26.6
24.1
377
318
369
2838


155
90
15.7
0.623
0.0316
40.7


77.1%
3.5%
19.4%
FCA
Car
All
1984
28.4
22.2
27.1
24.2
383
316
368
2795


144
92
15.4
0.671
0.0326
40.0


87.8%
1.9%
10.3%
FCA
Car
All
1985
28.1
21.9
27.0
23.9
393
321
371
2881


150
106
13.9
0.744
0.0365
40.7


87.7%
0.1%
12.2%
FCA
Car
All
1986
28.5
22.2
26.9
24.1
387
321
368
2888


148
104
13.6
0.741
0.0359
41.4


88.6%
0.7%
10.7%
FCA
Car
All
1987
27.6
21.3
26.3
23.3
408
332
381
2901


153
107
13.5
0.734
0.0368
40.1


87.5%
0.3%
12.2%
FCA
Car
All
1988
28.3
21.5
27.3
23.9
403
321
372
2964


154
110
13.6
0.733
0.0368
42.1


92.2%
0.2%
7.6%
FCA
Car
All
1989
27.9
20.8
27.3
23.5
417
322
379
3079


153
112
13.1
0.746
0.0363
43.1


95.8%
0.3%
3.9%
FCA
Car
All
1990
27.2
20.1
26.7
22.8
435
331
389
3219


162
125
11.7
0.784
0.0386
43.8


98.0%
0.0%
2.0%
FCA
Car
All
1991
27.3
20.3
26.1
22.8
431
337
391
3195


163
127
11.6
0.794
0.0394
43.7


95.8%
1.9%
2.2%
FCA
Car
All
1992
27.2
20.2
25.9
22.6
433
340
392
3187


166
129
11.3
0.786
0.0400
43.6


92.9%
2.2%
4.8%
FCA
Car
All
1993
25.1
18.2
24.4
20.9
470
353
426
3360


193
149
10.0
0.781
0.0437
42.7


74.7%
0.1%
25.2%
FCA
Car
All
1994
25.7
18.4
25.2
21.3
474
349
417
3388


185
149
9.9
0.801
0.0434
43.6


90.8%

9.2%
FCA
Car
All
1995
27.3
19.3
27.0
22.6
449
322
393
3245


163
155
9.5
0.984
0.0477
44.5


92.1%
0.7%
7.2%
FCA
Car
All
1996
26.3
18.4
26.3
21.8
473
333
408
3377


166
167
9.6
1.039
0.0496
44.6


88.6%
0.2%
11.2%
FCA
Car
All
1997
26.3
18.2
26.5
21.8
478
329
408
3403


168
165
9.7
1.009
0.0483
45.0


90.4%
0.1%
9.5%
FCA
Car
All
1998
27.2
18.7
27.2
22.4
467
321
397
3298


155
157
10.2
1.035
0.0477
45.1


88.5%
0.1%
11.4%
FCA
Car
All
1999
26.3
17.9
26.2
21.6
489
335
412
3548


171
186
9.5
1.094
0.0521
46.8


88.9%

11.1%
FCA
Car
All
2000
26.6
18.3
25.7
21.7
478
341
410
3457


165
176
9.4
1.079
0.0506
46.1


87.2%

12.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-51	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Car
Car SUV
2000
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
2001
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
2002


100.0%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
2003
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%


2.0%





FCA
Car
Car SUV
2004
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


2.3%





FCA
Car
Car SUV
2005
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%


2.4%





FCA
Car
Car SUV
2006
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
2007
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%








FCA
Car
Car SUV
2008
















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
99.7%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2011
















FCA
Car
Car SUV
2012
2.9%

45.9%
51.2%



100.0%


71.7%
71.7%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2013
4.4%

33.7%
61.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2014
3.5%

79.7%
16.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2015
3.8%

69.4%
26.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2016
3.1%

63.0%
33.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2017
1.8%

80.2%
18.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
Car SUV
2018
3.9%

96.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Car
All
1975
13.3%
86.7%



99.6%

0.4%








FCA
Car
All
1976
13.4%
86.6%



99.9%

0.1%








FCA
Car
All
1977
11.0%
89.0%



99.8%

0.2%








FCA
Car
All
1978
17.7%
32.1%
50.2%


99.6%

0.4%








FCA
Car
All
1979
18.7%
32.3%
45.2%

3.8%
99.6%

0.4%








FCA
Car
All
1980
23.6%
27.5%
42.8%

6.1%
98.8%

1.2%








FCA
Car
All
1981
30.1%
50.8%
14.3%

4.9%
96.6%

2.7%
0.7%







FCA
Car
All
1982
20.0%
56.6%
19.0%

4.4%
97.9%

1.9%
0.3%







FCA
Car
All
1983
24.6%
57.5%
15.2%

2.8%
85.0%

1.4%
13.6%







FCA
Car
All
1984
26.6%
62.9%
10.4%


66.6%

9.4%
24.0%







FCA
Car
All
1985
20.0%
66.8%
13.2%


52.9%

16.1%
31.0%







FCA
Car
All
1986
19.3%
68.1%
12.6%


32.3%

18.0%
49.7%
0.0%






FCA
Car
All
1987
17.3%
51.2%
31.5%


37.5%

17.9%
44.6%







FCA
Car
All
1988
13.9%
9.0%
77.1%


11.5%

28.5%
60.0%







FCA
Car
All
1989
13.8%
8.4%
77.8%


1.6%

44.9%
53.4%

0.6%





FCA
Car
All
1990
14.0%
1.4%
84.6%




62.2%
37.8%

8.0%





FCA
Car
All
1991
15.6%
0.9%
83.5%




63.1%
36.9%

15.3%





FCA
Car
All
1992
16.1%
0.5%
83.3%




62.7%
37.3%

7.1%





FCA
Car
All
1993
10.0%
0.9%
89.1%




75.3%
24.7%

14.4%





FCA
Car
All
1994
8.0%
0.3%
91.7%




73.5%
26.5%

25.7%





FCA
Car
All
1995
13.4%
0.1%
86.5%




97.3%
2.7%

70.4%
0.1%




FCA
Car
All
1996
9.5%
0.0%
90.5%




100.0%


78.5%
0.0%




FCA
Car
All
1997
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


84.2%
0.1%




FCA
Car
All
1998
7.2%

92.8%




100.0%


88.6%





FCA
Car
All
1999
3.0%
0.1%
96.9%




100.0%


89.5%
0.2%




FCA
Car
All
2000
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


87.6%
0.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-52	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Car
All
2001
26.8
18.4
25.5
21.7
476
345
410
3492


166
176
9.2
1.072
0.0503
47.0


89.4%

10.6%
FCA
Car
All
2002
26.4
18.0
25.2
21.4
487
350
416
3503


163
191
9.0
1.171
0.0542
46.5


94.0%

6.0%
FCA
Car
All
2003
27.2
18.6
25.2
21.8
468
346
408
3468


162
173
9.3
1.076
0.0495
47.6


84.2%

15.8%
FCA
Car
All
2004
27.1
18.4
25.2
21.7
476
349
410
3644


168
197
8.7
1.186
0.0541
49.4


84.8%
8.7%
6.4%
FCA
Car
All
2005
26.3
17.7
24.5
21.0
492
357
422
3767


187
214
8.4
1.167
0.0563
49.5


60.5%
6.7%
32.7%
FCA
Car
All
2006
25.3
16.9
23.8
20.3
519
370
438
3952


213
243
8.0
1.182
0.0612
50.1


43.3%
5.3%
51.4%
FCA
Car
All
2007
26.9
18.1
24.8
21.4
476
354
415
3831


188
222
8.2
1.237
0.0575
52.0


62.1%
6.7%
31.2%
FCA
Car
All
2008
27.8
18.6
25.9
22.1
469
340
401
3789
47.7

177
208
CO
CO
1.195
0.0543
53.0


63.7%
3.4%
32.9%
FCA
Car
All
2009
27.5
18.4
25.6
21.9
472
344
405
3849
48.2

190
222
8.4
1.204
0.0569
53.3


54.3%
1.6%
44.1%
FCA
Car
All
2010
27.8
18.5
26.0
22.2
471
338
401
3847
48.9

192
222
8.5
1.168
0.0567
53.7


49.5%
1.7%
48.7%
FCA
Car
All
2011
28.3
18.5
27.2
22.6
472
325
393
3881
49.1

208
254
7.6
1.240
0.0643
55.1


58.8%
2.0%
39.2%
FCA
Car
All
2012
29.6
19.4
28.0
23.5
445
313
378
3719
47.2

186
225
8.2
1.217
0.0589
55.3


63.4%
1.7%
34.9%
FCA
Car
All
2013
30.7
20.1
29.1
24.4
0
0
364
3722
47.6

179
224
8.2
1.280
0.0586
58.3


70.3%
3.5%
26.3%
FCA
Car
All
2014
29.8
19.5
28.2
23.7
0
0
374
3839
48.0

186
237
7.9
1.299
0.0604
58.4


62.6%
6.9%
30.5%
FCA
Car
All
2015
32.2
20.8
30.8
25.5
0
0
347
3737
47.1

177
228
7.7
1.296
0.0595
62.1


70.3%
6.1%
23.6%
FCA
Car
All
2016
30.8
20.1
29.1
24.4
0
0
363
3828
47.5

187
242
7.6
1.295
0.0617
60.4


63.2%
5.8%
31.0%
FCA
Car
All
2017
30.4
20.0
29.1
24.3
0
0
364
3870
47.4

190
248
7.5
1.341
0.0626
61.8


54.6%
8.9%
36.4%
FCA
Car
All
2018
29.1
19.0
28.1
23.3
0
0
381
3988
48.9

206
282
7.1
1.396
0.0692
59.5


43.4%
11.4%
45.2%
FCA
Truck
Van
1975
12.6
10.3
11.2
10.7
841
753
828
4263


313
145

0.462
0.0340
27.4




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1976
14.2
11.1
13.4
12.1
787
652
737
4326


314
149

0.472
0.0344
30.8




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1977
13.8
11.0
12.6
11.7
792
694
760
4404


327
155

0.473
0.0352
30.5




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1978
13.4
10.9
12.1
11.4
800
722
781
4387


327
151
13.5
0.462
0.0344
29.7




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1979
13.8
11.3
12.3
11.7
773
707
758
4450


321
145
15.1
0.451
0.0326
31.0




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1980
16.6
13.3
15.1
14.1
651
579
632
4137


278
125
16.5
0.449
0.0302
34.6




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1981
17.4
14.0
16.0
14.8
624
551
599
4050


271
119
16.9
0.437
0.0293
35.6


1.6%

98.4%
FCA
Truck
Van
1982
17.7
14.1
16.3
15.0
619
536
592
4031


276
123
17.6
0.442
0.0303
35.9




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1983
18.0
14.4
16.6
15.3
609
528
582
4099


270
118
16.8
0.434
0.0286
37.3




100.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1984
20.2
16.0
19.0
17.2
525
441
516
3679


201
108
16.7
0.582
0.0295
38.4


60.6%

39.4%
FCA
Truck
Van
1985
21.0
16.8
19.4
17.8
511
440
498
3645


189
111
16.3
0.625
0.0303
38.9


73.2%
0.8%
26.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1986
22.0
17.3
20.5
18.6
498
419
477
3674


186
109
15.8
0.619
0.0295
40.8


72.4%
3.8%
23.7%
FCA
Truck
Van
1987
22.3
17.3
21.0
18.9
498
410
471
3707


193
125
14.9
0.677
0.0337
41.8


74.3%
2.9%
22.8%
FCA
Truck
Van
1988
23.0
17.6
22.0
19.4
498
397
458
3798


189
134
14.5
0.729
0.0353
43.9


86.3%
1.5%
12.2%
FCA
Truck
Van
1989
22.6
17.3
21.4
19.0
504
407
467
3825


187
132
14.1
0.730
0.0344
43.7


84.3%
1.0%
14.7%
FCA
Truck
Van
1990
23.0
17.2
22.1
19.3
508
396
461
3876


200
142
12.5
0.721
0.0366
44.8


87.1%
0.2%
12.7%
FCA
Truck
Van
1991
22.8
17.2
21.5
19.0
512
408
467
3972


199
142
12.9
0.721
0.0355
45.6


83.8%
5.4%
10.8%
FCA
Truck
Van
1992
22.7
16.9
21.5
18.9
517
407
470
3970


198
144
12.5
0.733
0.0360
45.4


86.8%
2.7%
10.5%
FCA
Truck
Van
1993
23.6
17.4
22.6
19.7
508
389
452
3823


194
144
11.4
0.748
0.0377
45.3


93.1%
2.1%
4.8%
FCA
Truck
Van
1994
22.4
16.5
21.2
18.6
532
414
479
3971


208
153
11.2
0.740
0.0383
44.8


80.1%
2.7%
17.3%
FCA
Truck
Van
1995
23.0
16.8
21.8
19.0
521
401
467
3837


201
154
11.2
0.770
0.0400
44.5


85.9%
1.7%
12.4%
FCA
Truck
Van
1996
22.8
16.3
21.9
18.8
539
402
473
4156


208
162
11.6
0.792
0.0390
47.6


90.8%
0.0%
9.1%
FCA
Truck
Van
1997
22.7
16.1
21.8
18.7
547
403
476
4152


208
161
11.7
0.783
0.0387
47.3


86.1%
2.6%
11.2%
FCA
Truck
Van
1998
23.3
16.3
22.7
19.2
541
389
464
4141


203
164
11.8
0.815
0.0394
48.4


90.4%
2.6%
7.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
1999
23.0
16.0
22.3
18.8
551
396
472
4169


208
165
11.7
0.805
0.0395
48.0


88.1%
2.6%
9.2%
FCA
Truck
Van
2000
23.4
16.2
22.6
19.1
544
389
464
4156


204
163
11.3
0.810
0.0393
48.9


89.7%
2.4%
7.9%
FCA
Truck
Van
2001
23.4
16.2
22.2
19.0
544
396
467
4430


213
190
10.4
0.898
0.0429
52.0


88.6%
3.6%
7.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-53	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Car
All
2001
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


89.9%
0.1%




FCA
Car
All
2002
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


94.4%
0.3%




FCA
Car
All
2003
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


84.9%
0.3%




FCA
Car
All
2004
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


94.6%





FCA
Car
All
2005
4.9%
0.1%
94.9%




100.0%


84.3%
0.2%




FCA
Car
All
2006
1.7%
0.3%
98.0%




100.0%


76.9%
0.3%




FCA
Car
All
2007
2.4%
0.1%
70.5%
26.9%



100.0%


84.4%
37.9%




FCA
Car
All
2008
1.7%
0.4%
84.4%
13.4%



100.0%


94.1%
39.2%

18.9%
49.0%
32.2%
FCA
Car
All
2009
5.0%
0.7%
78.6%
15.6%



100.0%


84.8%
54.6%




FCA
Car
All
2010
3.3%
0.4%
84.3%
12.0%



100.0%


89.2%
52.1%




FCA
Car
All
2011
2.7%

82.9%
14.4%



100.0%


85.0%
86.8%

29.7%
39.7%
30.5%
FCA
Car
All
2012
6.0%
0.5%
83.2%
10.3%



100.0%


86.6%
93.5%




FCA
Car
All
2013
7.7%
2.9%
85.4%
3.9%



99.6%


90.6%
99.0%




FCA
Car
All
2014
4.3%

90.9%
4.8%


1.9%
97.6%


90.1%
99.5%




FCA
Car
All
2015
4.5%

89.2%
6.3%


1.6%
97.4%


91.5%
99.0%




FCA
Car
All
2016
4.2%

82.8%
13.0%


1.2%
98.1%


87.7%
99.3%




FCA
Car
All
2017
3.3%

88.3%
8.3%


4.9%
93.3%


85.7%
94.4%




FCA
Car
All
2018
4.6%

95.4%



6.4%
93.0%


82.9%
95.1%




FCA
Truck
Van
1975
16.0%
84.0%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1976
15.1%
84.9%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1977
10.4%
89.6%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1978
11.1%
88.9%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1979
11.2%
65.9%
22.9%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1980
21.4%
19.0%
59.6%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1981
21.2%
9.2%
69.6%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1982
17.1%
30.3%
52.5%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1983
20.2%
45.5%
34.3%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1984
20.6%
67.5%
11.9%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1985
11.0%
82.5%
6.5%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1986
10.9%
69.1%
20.1%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Van
1987
8.1%
36.7%
55.2%


60.3%

39.5%
0.2%







FCA
Truck
Van
1988
4.3%
17.6%
78.1%


0.6%

69.8%
29.6%







FCA
Truck
Van
1989
3.3%
34.5%
62.2%




62.3%
37.7%







FCA
Truck
Van
1990
1.7%
2.9%
95.4%




76.4%
23.6%







FCA
Truck
Van
1991
1.3%
0.8%
98.0%




77.9%
22.1%







FCA
Truck
Van
1992
1.7%
1.9%
96.4%




89.2%
10.8%







FCA
Truck
Van
1993
1.2%
0.7%
98.1%




92.0%
8.0%







FCA
Truck
Van
1994
0.7%
1.7%
97.6%




94.5%
5.5%

0.9%





FCA
Truck
Van
1995
0.2%
1.7%
98.1%




93.7%
6.3%

1.3%





FCA
Truck
Van
1996
0.0%
0.9%
99.1%




100.0%


4.8%





FCA
Truck
Van
1997

0.9%
99.1%




100.0%


6.5%





FCA
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


9.0%





FCA
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%


10.7%





FCA
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%


10.3%





FCA
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


6.6%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-54	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Truck
Van
2002
23.8
16.4
22.6
19.3
539
388
460
4373


210
189
10.5
0.904
0.0431
52.4


91.7%
2.3%
6.0%
FCA
Truck
Van
2003
24.5
16.7
23.0
19.7
528
382
450
4286


213
191
10.2
0.901
0.0444
52.6


92.7%
2.1%
5.2%
FCA
Truck
Van
2004
24.5
16.4
23.4
19.8
540
379
450
4382


211
193
10.3
0.913
0.0441
53.6


98.0%
2.0%

FCA
Truck
Van
2005
24.3
16.2
23.2
19.6
547
383
454
4285


214
196
10.0
0.914
0.0456
52.0


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2006
24.4
16.2
23.4
19.7
547
380
452
4361


213
191
10.3
0.895
0.0437
53.1


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2007
23.8
15.8
23.0
19.2
560
386
462
4401


216
193
10.4
0.893
0.0438
52.4


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2008
24.4
16.3
23.5
19.7
546
378
451
4554
54.6

221
179
10.8
0.809
0.0392
55.7


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2009
24.6
16.3
23.6
19.8
543
376
448
4577
54.6

220
195
10.1
0.889
0.0424
56.4


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2010
24.4
16.2
23.5
19.7
547
378
451
4580
54.7

226
200
9.9
0.883
0.0436
56.0


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2011
25.7
17.0
24.8
20.7
523
358
429
4500
54.7

220
283
7.7
1.286
0.0629
57.9


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2012
25.9
17.1
24.9
20.8
519
357
427
4500
54.7

220
283
7.7
1.288
0.0629
58.3


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2013
25.5
16.8
24.7
20.5
528
360
432
4727
54.7

220
283
8.0
1.288
0.0600
60.3


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2014
25.9
17.1
24.9
20.8
519
357
427
4502
54.7

220
283
7.7
1.288
0.0629
58.3


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2015
26.1
17.2
25.1
21.0
515
354
424
4449
54.5

216
278
7.8
1.285
0.0623
58.0


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2016
26.1
17.3
25.1
21.0
514
354
423
4444
54.7

216
277
7.8
1.285
0.0622
58.0


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2017
27.8
18.0
26.9
22.2
472
327
400
4456
56.3

216
279
7.4
1.289
0.0625
63.7


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Van
2018
29.6
19.6
27.4
23.4
297
306
374
4428
55.8

211
266
7.5
1.262
0.0601
74.0


100.0%


FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
14.6
11.6
13.6
12.5
743
639
714
3555


317
138

0.431
0.0397
25.8



99.8%
0.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
15.0
12.1
13.6
12.7
715
640
698
3595


321
132

0.406
0.0368
26.7



99.8%
0.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
15.8
12.7
14.6
13.5
684
601
660
3631


325
134

0.408
0.0371
28.5



99.7%
0.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
15.6
12.5
14.3
13.2
695
613
671
3608


323
131
12.8
0.401
0.0365
27.8



99.7%
0.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
15.1
12.4
13.4
12.9
698
655
692
3646


297
129
13.9
0.436
0.0359
27.5



88.7%
11.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
16.8
13.6
15.2
14.3
625
565
622
3507


266
111
15.5
0.429
0.0315
29.7



99.8%
0.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
18.4
14.7
17.1
15.7
584
507
566
3502


261
114
15.1
0.450
0.0328
32.4



99.0%
1.0%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
17.7
14.0
16.8
15.1
618
518
589
3742


284
121
16.0
0.431
0.0326
33.2



97.0%
3.0%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
17.7
14.1
16.4
15.0
612
525
591
3676


288
123
14.2
0.432
0.0341
32.5



98.4%
1.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
18.3
14.6
16.8
15.5
572
502
572
3646


238
118
14.9
0.527
0.0325
33.8



97.4%
2.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
15.0
11.9
13.9
12.7
726
626
698
4471


320
145
14.4
0.460
0.0323
33.8



72.6%
27.4%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
19.1
15.2
17.6
16.2
563
487
549
3745


217
122
14.0
0.606
0.0327
36.4



94.9%
5.1%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
19.9
15.4
18.7
16.8
558
458
529
3689


243
145
12.5
0.622
0.0397
37.1



95.7%
4.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
19.2
14.6
18.4
16.2
598
471
549
3665


252
155
12.1
0.634
0.0430
35.3



96.4%
3.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
19.2
14.7
18.1
16.2
593
481
550
3647


247
158
11.5
0.656
0.0437
35.2



96.8%
3.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
19.8
14.9
19.0
16.6
588
461
534
3566


244
160
10.5
0.671
0.0451
35.4



97.5%
2.5%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
19.4
14.6
18.4
16.2
602
480
548
3572


235
172
10.0
0.746
0.0484
34.8



98.8%
1.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
19.8
14.8
18.7
16.5
596
472
539
3449


229
181
9.4
0.795
0.0523
34.2



99.4%
0.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
20.0
14.9
18.8
16.6
589
472
534
3478


226
179
CO
CO
0.799
0.0513
34.9



99.4%
0.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
18.9
14.0
17.9
15.7
631
495
565
3738


254
190
CO
CO
0.760
0.0508
35.3



100.0%

FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
19.3
14.2
18.2
16.0
619
489
556
3668


241
183
9.2
0.772
0.0496
35.3



100.0%

FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.0
13.7
18.2
15.7
645
488
565
3811


261
198
9.4
0.761
0.0519
36.2



100.0%

FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
19.8
14.4
18.5
16.3
612
479
546
3797


241
180
9.9
0.753
0.0472
37.7



100.0%

FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
18.9
13.5
17.9
15.5
652
492
572
4144


266
195
10.2
0.740
0.0471
39.1



100.0%

FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
18.8
13.4
17.7
15.4
655
498
576
4327


274
208
9.9
0.767
0.0480
40.7



93.0%
7.0%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
19.0
13.4
17.8
15.5
656
497
574
4253


268
208
9.4
0.781
0.0490
40.2



91.5%
8.5%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
18.9
13.3
17.9
15.5
664
496
575
4299


263
205
9.4
0.781
0.0477
40.6



91.8%
8.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
19.4
13.7
17.8
15.7
646
499
567
4381


252
217
9.3
0.864
0.0495
42.4



83.4%
16.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-55	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


8.7%





FCA
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


5.0%





FCA
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


4.3%





FCA
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


3.3%





FCA
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


4.3%





FCA
Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%


2.9%





FCA
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


10.9%





FCA
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


15.4%





FCA
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%


16.0%





FCA
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




FCA
Truck
Van
2017


99.0%
1.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



FCA
Truck
Van
2018


90.2%
9.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
9.8%



FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
60.3%
39.7%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
48.6%
51.4%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
49.8%
50.2%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
50.2%
49.8%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
63.0%
35.8%
1.2%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
65.3%
30.9%
3.9%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
61.8%
1.2%
37.0%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
49.3%
12.8%
37.9%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
52.2%
7.7%
38.7%

1.4%
100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
40.1%
28.7%
31.2%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
14.5%
85.5%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
36.1%
20.7%
43.2%


82.9%


17.0%
0.1%






FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
35.7%
24.7%
39.6%


43.9%

44.4%
11.6%
0.1%






FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
26.7%
18.6%
54.8%


26.6%

62.2%
11.2%







FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
27.8%
15.0%
57.1%


19.7%

63.8%
16.5%







FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
27.8%
13.6%
58.6%


17.3%

65.1%
17.5%







FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
33.7%
10.3%
55.9%


2.5%

94.4%
3.1%







FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
36.2%
4.6%
59.2%




99.7%
0.3%







FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
43.0%
5.2%
51.8%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
20.7%

79.3%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
24.8%

75.2%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
26.1%

73.9%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
14.3%

85.7%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
9.4%

90.6%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
7.8%

92.2%




100.0%


0.3%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-56	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
20.5
14.4
18.7
16.5
615
475
539
4355


255
217
9.1
0.856
0.0498
44.7



89.4%
10.6%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
20.2
13.9
19.0
16.4
637
465
543
4292


258
221
9.0
0.854
0.0512
43.3



83.3%
16.7%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
19.8
13.7
18.3
16.0
645
482
557
4545


259
225
9.0
0.874
0.0495
45.2



83.7%
16.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
19.9
13.7
18.3
16.0
645
482
556
4623


256
229
9.1
0.892
0.0494
46.1



82.8%
17.2%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
21.6
14.9
19.6
17.3
583
448
515
4432


235
218
9.3
0.939
0.0491
48.0


6.7%
74.8%
18.4%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
22.3
15.4
20.2
17.8
566
434
500
4397
45.2

229
217
9.4
0.963
0.0491
49.1


9.4%
73.4%
17.1%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
22.7
15.5
20.8
18.1
563
422
490
4351
45.6

218
217
9.0
1.009
0.0497
49.5


28.3%
62.1%
9.7%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
23.1
15.8
21.2
18.5
551
416
481
4274
44.6

215
211
9.2
0.993
0.0492
49.6


23.0%
67.2%
9.8%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
23.8
16.2
21.9
19.1
537
400
466
4472
47.8

222
245
CO
CO
1.113
0.0540
53.4


12.9%
71.7%
15.4%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
23.6
16.2
21.7
18.9
544
407
471
4517
48.1

222
268
8.3
1.212
0.0590
53.4


8.1%
82.8%
9.1%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
23.8
16.3
21.7
19.0
540
405
468
4537
49.1

221
279
8.0
1.265
0.0612
54.0


13.2%
75.5%
11.3%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
25.4
17.2
23.4
20.3
510
376
438
4508
48.9

210
267
7.9
1.272
0.0588
57.5


6.5%
82.7%
10.7%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
25.9
17.5
23.7
20.6
502
371
432
4443
48.6

205
263
7.9
1.288
0.0590
57.7


8.2%
82.8%
9.0%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
26.9
18.3
24.3
21.3
480
361
418
4243
47.3

192
246
8.1
1.280
0.0575
57.4


8.8%
86.3%
5.0%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
26.4
17.9
24.2
21.0
489
362
423
4412
48.3

202
261
7.9
1.292
0.0587
58.7


8.3%
84.0%
7.7%
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
27.9
18.8
24.9
21.8
466
352
408
4401
48.3

194
263
7.6
1.395
0.0594
61.8


1.6%
91.3%
7.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1975
13.0
10.5
11.9
11.1
838
732
802
4345


338
155

0.456
0.0356
28.5



61.2%
38.8%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1976
14.0
11.0
13.3
11.9
790
649
745
4338


335
158

0.470
0.0363
30.7



52.2%
47.8%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1977
14.5
11.5
13.5
12.3
764
645
722
4335


341
159

0.466
0.0367
31.5



56.6%
43.4%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1978
14.5
11.7
13.2
12.3
742
663
722
4226


326
148
13.4
0.455
0.0349
30.9



44.4%
55.6%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1979
15.0
12.2
13.3
12.7
672
609
700
4041


272
130
14.8
0.510
0.0326
31.2



15.9%
84.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1980
19.8
15.9
18.1
16.8
531
466
528
3430


206
110
15.4
0.582
0.0327
34.2



15.3%
84.7%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1981
19.9
16.0
18.3
16.9
539
471
525
3564


218
108
15.9
0.533
0.0307
35.6



15.9%
84.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1982
21.2
16.8
19.9
18.1
505
424
492
3470


217
109
16.6
0.533
0.0316
37.2


12.3%
24.2%
63.5%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1983
23.4
18.6
21.8
19.9
453
382
448
3312


189
103
15.4
0.588
0.0315
39.5


15.6%
18.7%
65.7%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1984
19.4
15.4
18.1
16.5
539
458
539
3638


224
109
15.6
0.521
0.0302
36.2


7.0%
23.3%
69.7%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1985
18.6
14.9
17.1
15.8
559
489
563
3798


250
124
14.7
0.529
0.0326
36.1



23.0%
77.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1986
20.2
16.0
18.7
17.1
519
446
519
3626


218
119
13.9
0.592
0.0328
37.4



30.0%
70.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1987
21.2
16.5
19.9
17.9
515
427
496
3611


221
122
13.9
0.580
0.0338
38.9



26.4%
73.6%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1988
20.8
16.0
19.6
17.5
534
434
507
3652


226
126
13.7
0.586
0.0347
38.5



28.9%
71.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1989
19.9
15.2
19.0
16.8
562
446
529
3681


234
127
13.1
0.569
0.0347
37.2



27.7%
72.3%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1990
19.1
14.4
18.3
16.1
596
467
553
3991


255
141
12.0
0.563
0.0354
38.7



24.9%
75.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1991
18.8
14.1
17.9
15.8
612
479
564
4035


264
146
12.0
0.562
0.0361
38.4



25.4%
74.6%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1992
19.2
14.1
18.8
16.1
620
467
552
4046


257
155
11.6
0.597
0.0380
39.0



26.0%
74.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1993
18.9
13.9
18.2
15.8
630
482
563
4111


263
156
10.8
0.583
0.0377
39.0



28.1%
71.9%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1994
18.8
13.8
17.9
15.6
633
490
570
4346


283
199
9.4
0.709
0.0458
41.0



23.1%
76.9%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1995
17.8
13.0
17.0
14.8
665
511
602
4516


296
201
9.6
0.686
0.0445
40.5



35.0%
65.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1996
17.4
12.5
16.8
14.4
697
523
617
4697


305
210
9.9
0.697
0.0449
40.8



34.1%
65.9%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1997
17.7
12.6
17.2
14.7
694
513
606
4765


309
209
10.0
0.686
0.0441
42.2



45.6%
54.4%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1998
18.0
12.8
17.5
14.9
683
501
597
4783


299
207
10.4
0.698
0.0434
43.1



38.7%
61.3%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
1999
17.7
12.5
17.2
14.6
703
513
607
4795


307
215
10.2
0.704
0.0449
42.5



43.5%
56.5%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2000
18.4
12.9
17.8
15.1
680
494
587
4662


292
214
9.6
0.737
0.0460
43.0



41.7%
58.3%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2001
17.3
12.1
16.8
14.3
729
524
623
4905


306
221
9.5
0.725
0.0450
42.6



43.9%
56.1%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2002
17.9
12.6
16.7
14.6
698
528
610
5011


290
225
9.7
0.783
0.0451
44.9



41.2%
58.8%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2003
18.2
12.8
16.7
14.7
686
530
603
5108


294
240
9.2
0.818
0.0469
46.5



40.7%
59.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-57	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
10.2%

89.8%




100.0%


1.5%





FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
7.1%

92.9%




100.0%


1.1%





FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
7.3%

92.7%




98.4%

1.6%
2.4%





FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
7.9%

92.1%




98.7%

1.3%
2.4%





FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
6.4%

80.0%
13.6%



99.5%

0.5%
16.3%
14.7%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
7.6%

77.2%
15.2%



99.7%

0.3%
17.9%
16.5%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
3.1%

81.9%
14.9%



100.0%


40.5%
19.8%
0.2%



FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
7.4%

76.1%
16.5%



100.0%


35.3%
20.6%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
4.7%

77.5%
17.8%



100.0%


52.9%
61.8%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
6.8%

83.0%
10.2%



100.0%


76.0%
84.3%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
6.7%

86.4%
6.9%



100.0%


90.5%
99.7%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
3.0%

96.4%
0.6%



100.0%


58.0%
97.5%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
3.3%

96.5%
0.2%



99.1%

0.9%
96.5%
98.6%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
3.8%

96.0%
0.1%


14.3%
85.4%

0.3%
98.1%
99.5%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
2.7%

97.2%
0.1%


0.7%
99.3%


96.4%
99.7%




FCA
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
5.9%

94.1%



11.0%
88.2%

0.8%
95.9%
90.7%
7.8%



FCA
Truck
Pickup
1975
34.1%
65.9%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1976
31.5%
68.5%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1977
25.1%
74.9%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1978
29.0%
71.0%



99.4%



0.6%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1979
40.6%
45.7%
13.7%


98.7%



1.3%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1980
62.1%
17.9%
20.0%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1981
60.2%
9.1%
30.7%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1982
59.5%
16.2%
24.3%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
Pickup
1983
60.6%
26.1%
9.7%

3.5%
96.4%


0.1%
3.4%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1984
58.1%
30.0%
11.9%


98.2%



1.8%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1985
38.4%
51.5%
10.1%


99.5%



0.5%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1986
47.3%
27.9%
24.7%


90.6%


9.3%
0.1%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1987
39.4%
18.8%
41.8%


88.4%

5.7%
5.8%
0.0%






FCA
Truck
Pickup
1988
40.5%
15.4%
44.1%


29.0%

10.3%
60.7%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1989
38.2%
13.5%
48.3%


15.2%

9.3%
75.5%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1990
30.3%
13.8%
55.9%




10.3%
89.7%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1991
25.3%
8.6%
66.1%




10.0%
90.0%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1992
23.1%
0.6%
76.3%




95.2%
4.8%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1993
23.0%

77.0%




97.2%
2.8%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1994
19.4%

80.6%




99.1%
0.9%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1995
16.5%

83.5%




94.0%
6.0%







FCA
Truck
Pickup
1996
12.5%

87.3%

0.2%


100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
1997
10.2%

89.8%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
1998
14.8%

85.2%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
1999
11.6%

88.4%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2000
10.0%

90.0%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2001
9.5%

90.5%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2002
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2003
6.5%

93.5%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-58	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2004
17.9
12.4
16.7
14.5
710
528
612
5140


301
279
8.5
0.921
0.0541
46.1



44.5%
55.5%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2005
18.2
12.5
17.0
14.7
707
519
605
5093


298
274
8.6
0.911
0.0534
46.4



46.7%
53.3%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2006
19.0
13.0
17.8
15.4
679
497
579
5206


291
266
8.9
0.909
0.0509
49.5



46.3%
53.7%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2007
18.9
13.0
17.8
15.3
683
498
580
5317


298
277
CO
CO
0.924
0.0517
50.3



47.2%
52.8%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2008
20.2
13.9
18.6
16.3
619
464
546
5275
63.6

298
301
8.3
1.011
0.0568
55.1



43.4%
56.6%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2009
19.5
13.3
18.5
15.8
669
480
562
5531
63.9

317
321
8.0
1.016
0.0580
54.0



53.4%
46.6%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2010
19.8
13.5
18.7
16.0
659
474
554
5371
63.7

316
343
7.7
1.078
0.0635
53.2



56.7%
43.3%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2011
19.9
13.6
18.9
16.2
654
469
549
5348
65.1

317
344
7.7
1.079
0.0641
53.2



61.1%
38.9%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2012
19.7
13.4
18.8
16.0
661
473
554
5410
65.8

335
373
7.0
1.111
0.0690
53.3



61.0%
39.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2013
20.4
13.8
19.4
16.6
638
454
537
5408
65.9

328
371
7.0
1.136
0.0685
55.4



61.1%
38.9%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2014
21.5
14.6
20.3
17.4
605
433
512
5619
66.3

325
346
7.2
1.082
0.0618
60.8



66.0%
34.0%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2015
22.6
15.3
21.4
18.3
588
420
494
5518
66.5

310
335
7.3
1.100
0.0609
63.1



67.6%
32.4%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2016
22.6
15.3
21.4
18.2
586
419
492
5505
66.6

312
338
7.2
1.104
0.0616
62.8



70.6%
29.4%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2017
22.4
15.1
21.3
18.1
590
417
493
5493
66.7

317
365
6.9
1.168
0.0665
61.9



72.5%
27.5%
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2018
23.2
15.6
22.1
18.7
572
403
477
5461
66.6

286
349
7.1
1.246
0.0640
63.8



69.4%
30.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1975
13.2
10.7
11.9
11.2
811
714
792
4080


319
145

0.452
0.0358
27.1



38.6%
61.4%
FCA
Truck
All
1976
14.3
11.3
13.4
12.2
769
648
731
4151


323
148

0.455
0.0357
29.8



44.3%
55.7%
FCA
Truck
All
1977
14.5
11.6
13.4
12.3
751
650
720
4179


332
151

0.454
0.0362
30.4



46.3%
53.7%
FCA
Truck
All
1978
14.4
11.6
13.1
12.2
745
665
726
4090


325
144
13.3
0.441
0.0352
29.6



46.6%
53.4%
FCA
Truck
All
1979
14.7
12.0
13.0
12.4
706
648
715
4052


293
134
14.7
0.473
0.0335
30.1



31.3%
68.7%
FCA
Truck
All
1980
18.2
14.6
16.6
15.4
577
511
576
3591


237
113
15.6
0.512
0.0319
33.0



36.3%
63.7%
FCA
Truck
All
1981
18.8
15.1
17.3
16.0
570
499
555
3663


244
113
15.9
0.485
0.0310
34.7


0.4%
36.5%
63.1%
FCA
Truck
All
1982
19.4
15.4
18.1
16.5
553
467
538
3679


246
115
16.8
0.488
0.0314
36.1


6.5%
31.4%
62.0%
FCA
Truck
All
1983
20.6
16.4
19.1
17.5
510
434
508
3567


228
111
15.5
0.521
0.0314
37.6


8.8%
30.6%
60.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1984
19.4
15.4
18.1
16.5
542
462
539
3658


218
111
15.8
0.548
0.0305
36.4


27.5%
34.4%
38.1%
FCA
Truck
All
1985
19.4
15.5
17.9
16.5
543
469
539
3777


221
119
15.6
0.577
0.0313
37.5


41.9%
15.2%
42.9%
FCA
Truck
All
1986
20.7
16.4
19.2
17.6
518
441
506
3676


203
115
14.8
0.608
0.0312
38.8


34.0%
32.7%
33.3%
FCA
Truck
All
1987
21.3
16.6
20.1
18.0
517
426
493
3671


214
128
14.0
0.632
0.0351
39.7


32.3%
32.2%
35.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1988
21.4
16.4
20.4
18.1
528
422
492
3727


214
137
13.7
0.668
0.0369
40.4


42.5%
30.9%
26.5%
FCA
Truck
All
1989
21.0
16.1
19.9
17.7
537
432
502
3748


213
137
13.2
0.675
0.0369
40.1


44.0%
31.3%
24.7%
FCA
Truck
All
1990
21.4
16.1
20.6
18.0
538
420
494
3825


220
146
12.0
0.683
0.0384
41.6


52.2%
26.7%
21.2%
FCA
Truck
All
1991
21.1
15.9
20.0
17.7
547
434
503
3894


219
149
12.1
0.697
0.0385
41.8


49.3%
30.1%
20.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1992
21.4
15.9
20.4
17.8
548
428
499
3893


215
152
11.8
0.717
0.0393
42.1


54.1%
24.5%
21.4%
FCA
Truck
All
1993
21.9
16.2
20.9
18.2
540
417
487
3815


212
153
10.8
0.726
0.0401
42.3


59.2%
24.3%
16.5%
FCA
Truck
All
1994
20.5
15.1
19.4
17.0
577
449
523
4000


238
173
10.2
0.738
0.0433
41.5


40.4%
32.6%
27.0%
FCA
Truck
All
1995
20.1
14.7
19.1
16.7
586
455
533
3946


239
176
10.1
0.750
0.0446
40.2


33.5%
45.4%
21.1%
FCA
Truck
All
1996
20.2
14.5
19.4
16.7
599
449
533
4203


246
183
10.6
0.760
0.0438
42.9


44.5%
34.5%
21.0%
FCA
Truck
All
1997
20.2
14.5
19.3
16.7
602
451
534
4229


247
180
10.7
0.746
0.0427
43.1


36.5%
42.9%
20.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1998
20.0
14.1
19.2
16.4
615
451
540
4332


253
187
10.8
0.755
0.0432
43.6


32.6%
46.8%
20.6%
FCA
Truck
All
1999
19.8
14.0
18.9
16.3
624
459
547
4388


259
195
10.6
0.765
0.0442
43.8


31.2%
48.7%
20.1%
FCA
Truck
All
2000
20.3
14.2
19.4
16.6
612
449
534
4302


249
192
10.2
0.783
0.0446
44.1


34.6%
46.6%
18.7%
FCA
Truck
All
2001
19.4
13.5
18.6
15.9
642
469
560
4561


264
206
9.8
0.796
0.0453
44.8


27.1%
47.3%
25.6%
FCA
Truck
All
2002
20.0
14.0
18.7
16.2
622
465
547
4569


251
211
9.8
0.852
0.0462
46.3


28.2%
45.7%
26.1%
FCA
Truck
All
2003
20.8
14.5
19.1
16.8
601
453
530
4576


253
215
9.5
0.859
0.0470
48.0


31.6%
43.8%
24.6%
FCA
Truck
All
2004
19.7
13.6
18.5
16.0
646
472
556
4595


268
238
9.0
0.884
0.0514
45.5


11.3%
60.5%
28.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-59	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Truck
Pickup
2004
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


0.7%





FCA
Truck
Pickup
2005
2.5%

97.5%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2006
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2007
3.6%

96.4%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2008
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%








FCA
Truck
Pickup
2009
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%



59.9%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2010


100.0%




100.0%



58.6%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2011


100.0%




100.0%



60.9%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2012


100.0%




100.0%



81.1%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2013


100.0%




100.0%


9.7%
88.2%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2014


100.0%




100.0%


16.6%
95.8%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2015


100.0%




87.5%

12.5%
25.6%
87.5%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2016


100.0%




90.8%

9.2%
25.2%
90.8%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2017


100.0%




96.0%

4.0%
22.6%
96.0%




FCA
Truck
Pickup
2018


100.0%




94.5%

5.5%
46.5%
94.5%




FCA
Truck
All
1975
31.5%
68.5%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1976
29.6%
70.4%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1977
26.0%
74.0%



100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1978
29.6%
70.4%



99.8%



0.2%






FCA
Truck
All
1979
38.1%
48.9%
13.0%


99.4%



0.6%






FCA
Truck
All
1980
55.0%
21.8%
23.2%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1981
51.3%
6.8%
41.9%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1982
45.7%
19.5%
34.8%


100.0%










FCA
Truck
All
1983
49.6%
26.9%
21.3%

2.3%
98.0%


0.1%
1.9%






FCA
Truck
All
1984
37.3%
45.4%
17.3%


99.5%



0.5%






FCA
Truck
All
1985
20.4%
72.6%
7.0%


99.8%



0.2%






FCA
Truck
All
1986
27.6%
45.6%
26.8%


93.2%


6.7%
0.0%






FCA
Truck
All
1987
25.0%
27.9%
47.1%


66.0%

29.3%
4.7%
0.0%






FCA
Truck
All
1988
19.5%
17.2%
63.3%


14.4%

51.6%
34.0%







FCA
Truck
All
1989
17.3%
24.9%
57.8%


8.4%

50.8%
40.7%







FCA
Truck
All
1990
12.6%
7.2%
80.2%


4.0%

62.4%
33.6%







FCA
Truck
All
1991
13.1%
4.4%
82.6%


0.6%

68.9%
30.6%







FCA
Truck
All
1992
12.1%
2.1%
85.8%




92.2%
7.8%







FCA
Truck
All
1993
12.7%
1.4%
85.9%




94.4%
5.6%







FCA
Truck
All
1994
10.3%
0.9%
88.8%




97.0%
3.0%

0.5%





FCA
Truck
All
1995
13.1%
0.7%
86.2%




96.1%
3.9%

0.5%





FCA
Truck
All
1996
4.3%
0.5%
95.2%

0.0%


100.0%


2.3%





FCA
Truck
All
1997
10.4%
0.4%
89.2%




100.0%


2.7%





FCA
Truck
All
1998
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


3.3%





FCA
Truck
All
1999
6.6%

93.4%




100.0%


3.8%





FCA
Truck
All
2000
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


4.0%





FCA
Truck
All
2001
6.3%

93.7%




100.0%


2.0%





FCA
Truck
All
2002
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


2.8%





FCA
Truck
All
2003
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


2.2%





FCA
Truck
All
2004
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


1.3%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-60	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
Truck
All
2005
20.9
14.2
19.6
16.9
614
443
527
4574


250
225
9.3
0.899
0.0489
48.3


40.4%
40.9%
18.8%
FCA
Truck
All
2006
21.0
14.3
19.7
16.9
614
444
525
4662


249
224
9.5
0.896
0.0478
49.3


34.4%
46.3%
19.3%
FCA
Truck
All
2007
21.5
14.7
19.9
17.3
594
439
515
4604


243
224
9.5
0.924
0.0483
49.6


29.2%
50.0%
20.7%
FCA
Truck
All
2008
22.4
15.3
20.7
18.0
570
422
495
4618
51.6

240
223
9.6
0.928
0.0477
52.2


33.7%
46.2%
20.1%
FCA
Truck
All
2009
22.4
15.2
21.0
18.0
576
418
493
4671
52.2

240
233
9.1
0.975
0.0493
52.5


43.5%
41.8%
14.7%
FCA
Truck
All
2010
22.9
15.5
21.5
18.4
565
408
482
4582
51.8

237
229
9.2
0.964
0.0495
52.7


49.3%
39.0%
11.7%
FCA
Truck
All
2011
23.2
15.7
21.7
18.7
555
404
476
4656
52.6

241
272
8.4
1.137
0.0577
54.2


26.0%
56.6%
17.4%
FCA
Truck
All
2012
23.1
15.7
21.6
18.6
559
405
478
4710
53.6

246
295
7.9
1.209
0.0622
54.6


29.6%
57.0%
13.4%
FCA
Truck
All
2013
23.4
15.8
21.9
18.8
556
400
473
4790
54.5

245
301
7.8
1.243
0.0625
56.2


36.2%
49.7%
14.2%
FCA
Truck
All
2014
24.5
16.5
22.9
19.6
531
383
453
4762
54.1

239
288
7.7
1.232
0.0603
58.4


24.6%
61.6%
13.8%
FCA
Truck
All
2015
25.2
17.0
23.4
20.2
518
376
442
4638
52.7

225
278
7.7
1.253
0.0598
58.7


19.9%
68.1%
11.9%
FCA
Truck
All
2016
25.6
17.3
23.6
20.4
507
372
436
4576
53.2

224
273
7.8
1.240
0.0593
58.8


23.2%
67.0%
9.8%
FCA
Truck
All
2017
25.7
17.2
24.0
20.5
504
364
434
4664
54.1

231
288
7.6
1.264
0.0612
60.5


25.7%
63.8%
10.5%
FCA
Truck
All
2018
27.2
18.3
24.7
21.5
442
352
414
4579
52.4

212
278
7.5
1.351
0.0602
63.9


15.8%
74.3%
9.9%
FCA
All
All
1975
15.3
12.0
14.4
13.0
699
581
683
4051


289
138

0.499
0.0338
31.4


2.4%
6.9%
90.7%
FCA
All
All
1976
16.3
12.7
15.5
13.8
664
549
642
4023


289
135

0.479
0.0332
33.1


1.3%
8.9%
89.8%
FCA
All
All
1977
16.2
12.6
15.5
13.8
665
546
645
4091


295
136

0.478
0.0330
33.5


1.5%
9.2%
89.3%
FCA
All
All
1978
17.6
13.8
16.7
15.0
597
495
593
3763


267
128
13.8
0.517
0.0337
33.7


9.0%
12.1%
78.9%
FCA
All
All
1979
18.8
14.9
17.6
16.0
552
464
555
3563


238
116
15.0
0.533
0.0324
34.2


19.1%
CO
72.4%
FCA
All
All
1980
21.5
16.9
20.4
18.3
493
411
485
3188


195
94
16.6
0.536
0.0296
34.6


30.3%
11.1%
58.6%
FCA
All
All
1981
24.5
19.2
23.4
20.9
440
356
426
2972


172
95
15.7
0.599
0.0323
36.8


56.4%
7.7%
35.9%
FCA
All
All
1982
24.5
19.2
23.3
20.9
435
357
425
3120


186
99
16.8
0.577
0.0319
38.8


53.9%
10.0%
36.2%
FCA
All
All
1983
25.8
20.4
24.1
21.9
405
342
405
3029


174
96
15.6
0.596
0.0315
39.9


59.3%
10.6%
30.2%
FCA
All
All
1984
24.6
19.4
23.2
21.0
424
353
424
3079


168
98
15.5
0.631
0.0319
38.8


67.9%
12.6%
19.5%
FCA
All
All
1985
24.6
19.4
23.2
21.0
431
356
424
3163


173
110
14.4
0.692
0.0349
39.7


73.3%
4.8%
21.9%
FCA
All
All
1986
24.8
19.5
23.2
21.0
430
360
423
3201


170
108
14.1
0.688
0.0340
40.4


66.9%
13.4%
19.7%
FCA
All
All
1987
24.6
19.0
23.3
20.8
447
365
427
3221


179
116
13.7
0.691
0.0361
40.0


64.5%
13.6%
21.9%
FCA
All
All
1988
24.7
18.8
23.7
20.8
452
360
427
3312


181
122
13.7
0.703
0.0369
41.3


69.5%
14.2%
16.3%
FCA
All
All
1989
24.1
18.2
23.1
20.3
468
368
439
3404


182
125
13.2
0.712
0.0366
41.7


70.6%
15.4%
14.0%
FCA
All
All
1990
23.9
17.9
23.2
20.1
482
371
443
3529


192
136
11.8
0.732
0.0385
42.7


74.6%
13.7%
11.8%
FCA
All
All
1991
24.1
18.0
22.9
20.1
477
375
442
3512


188
137
11.8
0.750
0.0390
42.8


74.7%
14.7%
10.6%
FCA
All
All
1992
23.7
17.6
22.5
19.7
490
383
451
3575


193
142
11.6
0.748
0.0396
42.8


71.6%
14.5%
13.9%
FCA
All
All
1993
23.5
17.2
22.7
19.6
499
380
454
3567


202
151
10.4
0.756
0.0421
42.5


67.7%
11.1%
21.2%
FCA
All
All
1994
22.2
16.2
21.3
18.4
533
405
483
3768


218
164
10.1
0.762
0.0433
42.3


59.5%
20.2%
20.2%
FCA
All
All
1995
22.9
16.6
22.1
19.0
513
382
468
3619


203
166
9.8
0.859
0.0460
42.2


60.8%
24.5%
14.6%
FCA
All
All
1996
22.2
15.8
21.6
18.3
543
395
485
3882


215
177
10.2
0.868
0.0461
43.6


61.6%
21.2%
17.2%
FCA
All
All
1997
22.2
15.7
21.6
18.3
548
395
486
3913


217
175
10.3
0.847
0.0449
43.8


57.1%
26.6%
16.3%
FCA
All
All
1998
21.9
15.4
21.3
18.0
556
398
493
3990


221
177
10.6
0.847
0.0447
44.1


51.1%
31.4%
17.6%
FCA
All
All
1999
21.5
15.0
20.8
17.6
574
411
504
4120


231
192
10.3
0.870
0.0467
44.7


49.6%
33.2%
17.2%
FCA
All
All
2000
22.3
15.5
21.4
18.2
554
401
488
3986


217
186
9.9
0.893
0.0468
44.9


54.3%
29.2%
16.5%
FCA
All
All
2001
21.6
15.0
20.6
17.6
569
415
505
4170


228
195
9.6
0.897
0.0471
45.6


49.9%
30.0%
20.1%
FCA
All
All
2002
21.8
15.2
20.5
17.7
568
418
502
4203


221
204
9.5
0.962
0.0490
46.3


50.8%
30.0%
19.2%
FCA
All
All
2003
22.3
15.5
20.5
17.9
557
417
496
4266


228
203
9.5
0.920
0.0477
47.9


46.3%
31.6%
22.1%
FCA
All
All
2004
22.0
15.1
20.6
17.7
570
416
501
4236


230
223
8.9
0.998
0.0524
46.9


39.0%
41.0%
20.0%
FCA
All
All
2005
22.6
15.3
21.1
18.2
563
407
489
4279


227
221
9.0
0.997
0.0516
48.7


47.8%
28.4%
23.9%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-61	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
Truck
All
2005
3.2%

96.8%




99.4%

0.6%
2.2%





FCA
Truck
All
2006
4.6%

95.4%




99.4%

0.6%
2.5%





FCA
Truck
All
2007
4.2%

88.5%
7.4%



99.7%

0.3%
9.5%
8.0%




FCA
Truck
All
2008
4.8%

87.4%
7.8%



99.8%

0.2%
12.3%
8.5%




FCA
Truck
All
2009
1.5%

91.2%
7.3%



100.0%


24.4%
22.5%
0.1%



FCA
Truck
All
2010
3.2%

89.6%
7.2%



100.0%


21.7%
19.0%




FCA
Truck
All
2011
2.9%

86.2%
11.0%



100.0%


50.6%
68.5%




FCA
Truck
All
2012
3.6%

91.0%
5.4%



100.0%


65.4%
87.5%




FCA
Truck
All
2013
3.2%

93.5%
3.3%



100.0%


75.1%
97.2%




FCA
Truck
All
2014
1.7%

98.0%
0.3%



100.0%


57.3%
97.6%




FCA
Truck
All
2015
2.2%

97.6%
0.1%



97.1%

2.9%
84.2%
96.8%




FCA
Truck
All
2016
2.2%

97.7%
0.1%


8.3%
89.3%

2.3%
81.3%
97.5%




FCA
Truck
All
2017
1.5%

98.2%
0.3%


0.4%
98.7%

0.9%
80.6%
98.9%
0.2%



FCA
Truck
All
2018
4.0%

94.5%
1.4%


7.6%
91.0%

1.4%
88.4%
92.7%
6.8%



FCA
All
All
1975
16.6%
83.4%



99.7%

0.3%








FCA
All
All
1976
16.6%
83.4%



99.9%

0.1%








FCA
All
All
1977
13.9%
86.1%



99.9%

0.1%








FCA
All
All
1978
20.8%
42.0%
37.2%


99.7%

0.3%

0.1%






FCA
All
All
1979
24.0%
36.7%
36.5%

2.7%
99.5%

0.3%

0.1%






FCA
All
All
1980
30.5%
26.2%
38.6%

4.8%
99.1%

0.9%








FCA
All
All
1981
33.6%
43.4%
18.9%

4.1%
97.2%

2.2%
0.6%







FCA
All
All
1982
26.4%
47.4%
22.9%

3.3%
98.4%

1.4%
0.2%







FCA
All
All
1983
31.1%
49.4%
16.8%

2.7%
88.4%

1.0%
10.1%
0.5%






FCA
All
All
1984
30.2%
57.1%
12.7%


77.4%

6.3%
16.1%
0.2%






FCA
All
All
1985
20.1%
68.6%
11.3%


67.7%

11.0%
21.2%
0.1%






FCA
All
All
1986
22.6%
59.1%
18.3%


56.5%

10.9%
32.7%
0.0%






FCA
All
All
1987
20.5%
41.5%
38.0%


49.3%

22.6%
28.0%
0.0%






FCA
All
All
1988
16.4%
12.8%
70.8%


12.8%

39.0%
48.1%







FCA
All
All
1989
15.5%
16.4%
68.1%


4.9%

47.8%
47.3%







FCA
All
All
1990
13.3%
4.4%
82.3%


2.0%

62.3%
35.7%







FCA
All
All
1991
14.5%
2.5%
83.1%


0.3%

65.7%
34.0%







FCA
All
All
1992
13.9%
1.4%
84.7%




78.9%
21.1%







FCA
All
All
1993
11.3%
1.1%
87.7%




84.0%
16.0%







FCA
All
All
1994
9.4%
0.7%
89.9%




88.1%
11.9%

10.0%





FCA
All
All
1995
13.3%
0.4%
86.4%




96.6%
3.4%

33.1%
0.0%




FCA
All
All
1996
6.4%
0.3%
93.3%

0.0%


100.0%


31.9%
0.0%




FCA
All
All
1997
9.2%
0.2%
90.5%




100.0%


33.9%
0.0%




FCA
All
All
1998
8.6%

91.4%




100.0%


31.5%





FCA
All
All
1999
5.5%
0.0%
94.5%




100.0%


31.1%
0.1%




FCA
All
All
2000
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


35.2%
0.0%




FCA
All
All
2001
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


34.2%
0.0%




FCA
All
All
2002
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


34.3%
0.1%




FCA
All
All
2003
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


25.3%
0.1%




FCA
All
All
2004
5.5%

94.5%




100.0%


36.5%





FCA
All
All
2005
3.8%
0.1%
96.1%




99.6%

0.4%
32.2%
0.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-62	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)
Weight
(lbs)
Foot
print
(ft2)
Volume
(Cu-Ft)
Engine
0-60
Time
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
Ton-
MPG
Cu Ft-
MPG
Cu Ft-Ton-
MPG
Drivetrain
2-Cycle
55/45*
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
Real-
World
City
Real-
World
Hwy
Real-
World
Comb
CID
HP
Front
4WD
Rear
FCA
All
All
2006
22.5
15.3
21.2
18.1
571
411
490
4374


234
232
8.9
1.012
0.0532
49.6


38.0%
29.7%
32.3%
FCA
All
All
2007
23.2
15.8
21.4
18.6
546
404
479
4326


223
223
9.0
1.037
0.0516
50.5


41.1%
34.4%
24.5%
FCA
All
All
2008
24.1
16.4
22.4
19.3
527
387
460
4306
50.1

217
217
9.3
1.028
0.0502
52.5


45.0%
30.1%
24.9%
FCA
All
All
2009
23.9
16.1
22.3
19.1
537
390
464
4401
50.9

224
229
8.9
1.050
0.0518
52.8


47.1%
28.6%
24.4%
FCA
All
All
2010
24.3
16.4
22.8
19.5
530
382
455
4338
50.9

222
227
9.0
1.032
0.0519
53.1


49.4%
26.6%
24.0%
FCA
All
All
2011
24.2
16.3
22.7
19.4
534
383
458
4482
51.8

234
268
8.2
1.160
0.0592
54.4


33.4%
44.3%
22.3%
FCA
All
All
2012
25.0
16.8
23.5
20.1
513
367
443
4362
51.4

225
271
8.0
1.212
0.0610
54.8


41.5%
37.6%
20.9%
FCA
All
All
2013
26.1
17.4
24.6
20.9
0
0
426
4326
51.5

216
267
7.9
1.259
0.0608
57.1


51.0%
29.6%
19.4%
FCA
All
All
2014
25.9
17.3
24.3
20.7
0
0
428
4476
52.2

222
272
7.8
1.253
0.0604
58.4


36.3%
44.7%
19.0%
FCA
All
All
2015
27.3
18.2
25.6
21.8
0
0
409
4321
50.7

208
260
7.7
1.268
0.0597
59.9


37.7%
46.3%
16.0%
FCA
All
All
2016
27.0
18.1
25.1
21.5
0
0
413
4339
51.4

213
263
7.8
1.257
0.0601
59.3


35.9%
47.6%
16.5%
FCA
All
All
2017
26.5
17.7
24.8
21.2
0
0
420
4510
52.8

223
280
7.5
1.279
0.0615
60.7


31.3%
53.2%
15.5%
FCA
All
All
2018
27.7
18.4
25.4
21.9
0
0
406
4439
51.6

211
279
7.4
1.361
0.0624
62.9


22.3%
59.4%
18.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
25.0
19.2
24.7
21.4
439
343
416
2606


117
113

0.957
0.0424
33.3




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
26.9
21.0
25.8
22.9
405
332
388
2568


112
107

0.946
0.0407
35.1




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
27.2
21.5
25.5
23.1
395
331
384
2555

78.7
111
106

0.948
0.0406
35.5
2272
2819


100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
26.8
21.3
24.9
22.8
402
341
390
2534

78.8
111
105
11.9
0.941
0.0407
34.6
2213
2739


100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
26.8
21.1
25.4
22.8
407
341
389
2494

83.2
109
85
15.4
0.772
0.0331
33.8
2337
2827
14.5%

85.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
31.2
24.9
29.0
26.6
351
302
335
2461

86.3
105
82
15.7
0.777
0.0327
38.7
2763
3353
19.6%

80.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
30.5
24.4
28.1
25.9
357
308
343
2530

84.7
113
89
15.3
0.774
0.0344
38.9
2672
3312
18.1%

81.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
30.7
24.3
28.8
26.1
353
297
341
2568

89.7
117
90
16.3
0.761
0.0344
40.1
2909
3625
44.2%

55.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
32.6
25.4
31.1
27.7
337
276
321
2520

93.5
116
90
14.5
0.760
0.0350
41.6
3196
3908
71.6%

28.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
31.9
24.8
30.8
27.2
345
279
327
2632

90.9
123
101
13.7
0.804
0.0373
42.4
3063
3875
49.0%

51.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
29.7
23.2
28.5
25.3
364
300
351
2726

93.1
127
102
13.8
0.788
0.0363
40.8
2925
3796
77.5%

22.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
30.1
23.2
29.1
25.5
365
296
348
2784

94.9
126
102
13.3
0.793
0.0357
42.1
2983
3994
75.4%
1.6%
23.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
29.5
22.5
28.6
25.0
384
305
356
2866

98.5
124
98
14.3
0.778
0.0332
42.4
2978
4177
90.8%
0.5%
8.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
30.6
23.4
29.1
25.8
368
299
345
2779

98.0
117
93
14.9
0.778
0.0325
42.8
3085
4192
91.3%
0.5%
8.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
30.3
22.9
28.9
25.4
378
303
350
2831

99.5
122
109
12.7
0.898
0.0381
43.0
3077
4290
86.8%
0.2%
13.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
28.8
21.6
27.6
24.1
401
316
368
2976

98.5
134
130
11.1
0.955
0.0425
43.0
2909
4241
81.8%

18.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
29.1
21.5
28.3
24.3
402
307
365
3031

98.1
135
138
10.7
1.033
0.0449
44.5
2925
4362
84.6%
2.0%
13.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
29.3
21.4
28.4
24.4
403
306
364
3053

98.8
135
140
10.4
1.042
0.0450
45.1
2960
4450
89.5%
1.5%
9.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
29.1
21.2
28.2
24.2
410
309
368
3085

100.1
135
141
9.7
1.047
0.0451
45.1
2969
4516
88.9%
0.8%
10.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
29.6
21.4
28.5
24.5
407
305
363
3056

101.7
134
140
9.7
1.051
0.0450
45.5
3060
4614
93.1%
0.1%
6.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
29.3
21.0
28.2
24.2
416
310
368
3110

103.6
143
154
9.4
1.086
0.0489
45.8
3077
4739
92.4%
0.1%
7.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
30.1
21.4
28.9
24.7
407
302
359
3086

103.6
141
152
9.7
1.088
0.0486
46.7
3157
4835
96.6%
0.3%
3.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
29.8
21.0
28.8
24.4
416
304
364
3098

103.3
139
151
9.8
1.095
0.0483
46.5
3118
4786
96.2%
0.1%
3.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
30.2
21.0
29.0
24.6
416
303
361
3217

104.5
141
151
10.3
1.079
0.0465
48.6
3182
5082
97.7%
0.5%
1.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
29.7
20.6
28.4
24.1
426
310
369
3279

105.6
143
151
10.4
1.068
0.0458
48.7
3161
5144
98.5%
0.3%
1.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
28.3
19.5
26.9
22.9
450
328
388
3343

108.6
153
172
9.3
1.118
0.0512
47.3
3087
5133
99.4%

0.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
28.2
19.3
26.6
22.7
454
331
391
3326

106.6
150
165
9.4
1.099
0.0493
46.9
3023
4993
99.7%

0.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
28.7
19.7
26.7
23.0
445
330
386
3359

110.5
158
177
9.2
1.114
0.0521
48.4
3200
5355
98.8%

1.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
28.0
19.1
26.0
22.4
460
339
396
3417

104.8
166
191
8.8
1.137
0.0554
48.1
2971
5053
84.2%

15.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.3
19.1
26.4
22.6
456
334
393
3502

104.5
171
202
8.6
1.175
0.0569
49.9
3021
5246
78.6%
3.2%
18.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
29.4
19.8
26.9
23.3
444
328
382
3504

110.8
164
194
8.7
1.174
0.0545
51.6
3296
5736
86.4%
2.5%
11.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
29.1
19.6
26.6
23.1
445
331
385
3508

109.0
164
197
8.8
1.192
0.0551
51.3
3226
5610
80.9%
5.3%
13.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-63	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
FCA
All
All
2006
3.4%
0.1%
96.5%




99.7%

0.3%
32.6%
0.1%




FCA
All
All
2007
3.6%
0.0%
82.0%
14.4%



99.8%

0.2%
36.5%
18.7%




FCA
All
All
2008
3.6%
0.2%
86.3%
9.9%



99.9%

0.1%
43.1%
20.0%




FCA
All
All
2009
2.7%
0.2%
87.0%
10.0%



100.0%


44.2%
33.1%
0.1%



FCA
All
All
2010
3.3%
0.1%
87.8%
8.8%



100.0%


44.1%
30.0%




FCA
All
All
2011
2.8%

85.4%
11.7%



100.0%


58.3%
72.6%




FCA
All
All
2012
4.5%
0.2%
88.3%
7.1%



100.0%


72.8%
89.6%




FCA
All
All
2013
5.2%
1.3%
90.0%
3.6%



99.8%


81.9%
98.0%




FCA
All
All
2014
2.5%

95.8%
1.7%


0.6%
99.3%


67.4%
98.2%




FCA
All
All
2015
3.0%

94.7%
2.3%


0.6%
97.2%

1.8%
86.8%
97.6%




FCA
All
All
2016
2.9%

93.0%
4.2%


6.1%
92.1%

1.6%
83.3%
98.1%




FCA
All
All
2017
1.9%

96.3%
1.8%


1.2%
97.7%

0.7%
81.6%
98.1%
0.2%



FCA
All
All
2018
4.2%

94.7%
1.1%


7.3%
91.5%

1.1%
87.1%
93.3%
5.2%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
78.6%
21.4%



67.7%

32.3%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
74.1%
25.9%



79.0%

21.0%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
72.0%
28.0%



77.6%

22.4%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
71.1%
28.9%



78.8%

21.2%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
73.4%
26.6%



76.0%

24.0%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
71.8%
28.2%



71.8%

28.2%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
65.9%
19.1%
15.0%


62.7%

36.2%

1.0%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
55.9%
20.7%
23.3%


62.5%

35.0%

2.5%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
58.7%
1.0%
38.4%

1.9%
69.6%

29.3%

1.1%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
59.1%
2.1%
38.2%

0.6%
47.1%

52.2%

0.7%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
50.8%
0.7%
48.5%


51.2%

47.0%
1.6%
0.2%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
51.9%

48.1%


47.4%

50.6%
2.0%
0.1%



90.7%
9.3%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
44.9%

55.1%


42.5%

32.9%
24.6%

6.7%


98.6%
1.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
48.8%
1.7%
49.5%


9.4%

33.3%
57.2%

3.3%


97.9%
2.1%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
42.4%
0.4%
57.2%


3.1%

47.6%
49.3%

56.7%


82.3%
17.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
39.2%
0.3%
60.5%




74.7%
25.3%

61.9%
1.8%

81.2%
18.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
34.8%
0.6%
64.6%




99.5%
0.5%

71.1%
26.8%

80.3%
19.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
34.1%
0.2%
65.8%




99.9%
0.1%

75.4%
37.0%

82.3%
17.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
27.5%
3.7%
68.8%




100.0%


77.1%
29.1%

84.1%
15.9%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
22.5%
4.5%
73.0%




100.0%


82.9%
36.6%

86.0%
14.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
25.5%
3.7%
70.8%




100.0%


99.1%
37.7%

77.3%
22.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
28.2%
3.5%
68.3%




100.0%


100.0%
57.2%

68.6%
31.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
20.2%

79.8%




100.0%


99.4%
46.3%

76.2%
23.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
18.2%

81.8%




100.0%


99.5%
43.7%

73.6%
26.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
12.5%

87.5%




100.0%


99.7%
34.8%

65.9%
34.1%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
10.1%

89.9%




100.0%


100.0%
40.9%

52.6%
47.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
9.6%

90.4%




100.0%


100.0%
35.8%

59.2%
40.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
10.7%

89.3%




100.0%


100.0%
63.3%

36.9%
63.1%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
13.2%

86.8%




100.0%


100.0%
62.5%

61.0%
39.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
10.9%

89.1%




100.0%


100.0%
83.8%

56.5%
43.5%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


100.0%
94.1%

34.4%
65.6%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
8.5%

91.5%




100.0%


100.0%
93.9%

41.3%
53.1%
5.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-64	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
31.2
21.0
28.3
24.6
412
309
361
3499

111.6
163
195
8.6
1.182
0.0548
55.2
3583
6183
83.3%
5.2%
11.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
31.9
21.5
28.8
25.1
405
304
354
3469
45.3
109.6
159
194
8.6
1.205
0.0549
55.9
3582
6138
83.6%
5.6%
10.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
32.8
22.1
29.4
25.8
394
299
345
3447
45.0
109.2
154
188
8.6
1.195
0.0533
56.9
3660
6236
88.5%
4.6%
6.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
33.5
22.4
30.2
26.3
389
291
338
3439
45.2
110.0
156
192
8.5
1.208
0.0546
57.9
3763
6390
87.9%
5.2%
6.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
34.2
22.8
30.1
26.5
0
0
334
3432
44.8
108.7
151
189
8.6
1.252
0.0539
60.8
3916
6635
83.2%
10.0%
6.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
35.3
23.5
31.0
27.3
0
0
324
3383
44.9
110.3
148
180
8.8
1.217
0.0522
62.0
4106
6856
87.2%
7.4%
5.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
39.8
26.1
35.0
30.5
0
0
289
3413
45.8
110.8
149
188
8.5
1.275
0.0540
74.4
4925
8324
87.3%
7.5%
5.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
40.4
26.5
35.0
30.7
0
0
288
3290
45.1
111.2
139
175
8.9
1.239
0.0515
69.2
4776
7739
89.6%
5.8%
4.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
41.6
27.2
36.0
31.6
0
0
279
3308
45.4
113.9
141
172
8.9
1.220
0.0506
74.0
5141
8461
86.9%
9.4%
3.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
40.6
26.2
35.1
30.6
0
0
289
3354
45.7
114.2
146
183
8.7
1.241
0.0531
71.4
4917
8181
88.1%
8.3%
3.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
39.8
25.7
34.8
30.2
0
0
293
3374
45.7
114.5
145
182
8.8
1.236
0.0523
69.5
4783
7978
82.4%
13.2%
4.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
40.5
26.3
35.0
30.6
0
0
286
3393
45.8
115.0
145
182
8.8
1.242
0.0521
76.2
5201
8781
83.9%
11.8%
4.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1975





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1976





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1977





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1978





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1979





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1980





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1981





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1982





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1983





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1984





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1985





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1986





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1987





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1988





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1989





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1990





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1991





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1992





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1993





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1994





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1995





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1996





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1997
24.1
18.1
20.9
19.5
489
425
456
4000


175
167
10.7
0.951
0.0417
48.3




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1998
24.3
18.1
21.2
19.6
491
419
453
3943


176
167
10.9
0.951
0.0424
47.9




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1999
22.9
16.9
20.1
18.5
524
443
481
3995


182
173
10.8
0.952
0.0434
45.9




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2000
20.9
15.2
18.6
16.9
582
477
526
4000


192
172
10.3
0.900
0.0430
41.9




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2001
20.9
15.0
18.9
16.9
590
469
526
4000


194
168
10.3
0.868
0.0420
42.0




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2002
21.4
15.2
19.2
17.2
583
460
517
4000


193
172
10.3
0.889
0.0429
42.9




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2003
23.7
16.6
21.4
19.0
532
411
469
3884


188
187
9.6
0.991
0.0479
46.3


43.8%

56.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2004
23.4
16.2
21.5
18.8
546
411
473
3983


204
206
9.0
1.012
0.0515
46.9


53.9%

46.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2005
23.8
16.2
21.9
19.0
542
405
467
4143


216
242
8.1
1.124
0.0582
49.4


59.7%

40.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2006
23.7
16.2
21.7
18.9
544
407
470
4154


217
243
8.1
1.118
0.0582
49.3


57.7%

42.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2007
24.2
16.4
22.4
19.4
537
394
458
4171


216
243
8.1
1.133
0.0584
50.7


68.4%

31.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-65	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
6.6%

31.8%
61.6%



100.0%


100.0%
95.6%
1.2%
11.3%
83.8%
4.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
5.9%

24.9%
69.2%



100.0%


100.0%
94.0%
1.1%
21.9%
75.8%
2.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
5.3%

28.9%
65.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.6%
19.7%
79.3%
1.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
3.3%
0.2%
24.1%
72.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%
19.0%
80.3%
0.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
3.3%

30.7%
66.0%


7.0%
91.7%


98.7%
98.7%
0.7%
26.1%
73.9%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
2.1%

21.2%
76.7%


4.6%
93.9%


98.5%
98.5%
0.1%
31.6%
68.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
2.0%

12.4%
85.7%



96.8%


96.8%
96.8%
0.0%
25.2%
74.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
3.6%

9.2%
87.3%



98.8%


98.8%
98.8%
0.6%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
2.7%

10.5%
86.8%


2.6%
94.4%


97.1%
97.1%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
1.8%

8.8%
89.4%


4.2%
94.1%


98.3%
98.3%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
2.0%

10.3%
87.7%


14.5%
84.4%


98.9%
98.9%
0.0%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
1.9%

14.6%
83.5%


12.9%
82.8%


95.7%
95.7%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1975
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1976
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1977
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1978
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1979
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1980
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1981
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1982
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1983
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1984
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1985
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1986
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1987
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1988
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1989
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1990
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1991
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1992
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1993
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1994
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1995
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1996
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1997
14.7%

85.3%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1998
13.6%

86.4%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
1999
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2000
7.7%

92.3%




100.0%


47.3%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2001
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%


26.1%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2002
11.1%

88.9%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2003
4.9%

74.6%
20.5%



100.0%


68.6%
25.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2004
4.8%

72.5%
22.7%



100.0%


66.3%
39.6%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2005
2.2%

62.1%
35.7%



100.0%


100.0%
76.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2006
2.9%

61.3%
35.8%



100.0%


100.0%
89.6%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2007
1.1%

62.5%
36.3%



100.0%


100.0%
91.4%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-66	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2008
26.5
18.1
23.9
21.0
476
367
424
3946
45.8

190
217
8.7
1.147
0.0546
52.7


60.8%

39.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2009
27.6
19.0
24.5
21.8
461
360
408
3870
47.1

191
227
8.0
1.181
0.0580
53.6


87.3%

12.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2010
28.1
19.4
24.7
22.1
449
357
403
3834
46.2

184
215
8.4
1.165
0.0555
54.1


85.2%

14.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2011
30.4
20.9
26.2
23.6
418
335
376
3690
45.8

169
195
8.8
1.153
0.0522
56.5


92.0%

8.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2012
30.6
21.1
26.3
23.8
416
335
374
3694
45.8

171
202
8.6
1.177
0.0540
56.8


91.7%

8.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2013
31.6
21.7
27.0
24.5
404
327
363
3628
45.4

162
187
8.9
1.153
0.0511
57.6


93.1%

6.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2014
32.9
22.4
28.3
25.4
389
310
350
3633
46.1

163
188
8.9
1.152
0.0513
60.5


96.0%

4.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2015
35.9
24.3
30.5
27.5
363
290
324
3529
45.6

150
170
9.2
1.134
0.0481
63.7


97.1%

2.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2016
37.5
25.2
31.8
28.6
352
279
311
3514
46.3

152
171
9.1
1.126
0.0486
66.0


98.6%

1.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2017
38.0
25.3
32.4
28.9
349
274
307
3528
46.3

151
172
9.2
1.133
0.0486
67.3


97.4%

2.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2018
38.6
25.7
32.9
29.4
345
270
303
3589
46.1

148
167
9.3
1.128
0.0466
69.5


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1975
25.0
19.2
24.7
21.4
439
343
416
2606


117
113

0.957
0.0424
33.3




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1976
26.9
21.0
25.8
22.9
405
332
388
2568


112
107

0.946
0.0407
35.1




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1977
27.2
21.5
25.5
23.1
395
331
384
2555


111
106

0.948
0.0406
35.5




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1978
26.8
21.3
24.9
22.8
402
341
390
2534


111
105
11.9
0.941
0.0407
34.6




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1979
26.8
21.1
25.4
22.8
407
341
389
2494


109
85
15.4
0.772
0.0331
33.8


14.5%

85.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1980
31.2
24.9
29.0
26.6
351
302
335
2461


105
82
15.7
0.777
0.0327
38.7


19.6%

80.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1981
30.5
24.4
28.1
25.9
357
308
343
2530


113
89
15.3
0.774
0.0344
38.9


18.1%

81.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1982
30.7
24.3
28.8
26.1
353
297
341
2568


117
90
16.3
0.761
0.0344
40.1


44.2%

55.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1983
32.6
25.4
31.1
27.7
337
276
321
2520


116
90
14.5
0.760
0.0350
41.6


71.6%

28.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1984
31.9
24.8
30.8
27.2
345
279
327
2632


123
101
13.7
0.804
0.0373
42.4


49.0%

51.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1985
29.7
23.2
28.5
25.3
364
300
351
2726


127
102
13.8
0.788
0.0363
40.8


77.5%

22.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1986
30.1
23.2
29.1
25.5
365
296
348
2784


126
102
13.3
0.793
0.0357
42.1


75.4%
1.6%
23.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1987
29.5
22.5
28.6
25.0
384
305
356
2866


124
98
14.3
0.778
0.0332
42.4


90.8%
0.5%
8.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1988
30.6
23.4
29.1
25.8
368
299
345
2779


117
93
14.9
0.778
0.0325
42.8


91.3%
0.5%
8.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1989
30.3
22.9
28.9
25.4
378
303
350
2831


122
109
12.7
0.898
0.0381
43.0


86.8%
0.2%
13.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1990
28.8
21.6
27.6
24.1
401
316
368
2976


134
130
11.1
0.955
0.0425
43.0


81.8%

18.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1991
29.1
21.5
28.3
24.3
402
307
365
3031


135
138
10.7
1.033
0.0449
44.5


84.6%
2.0%
13.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1992
29.3
21.4
28.4
24.4
403
306
364
3053


135
140
10.4
1.042
0.0450
45.1


89.5%
1.5%
9.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1993
29.1
21.2
28.2
24.2
410
309
368
3085


135
141
9.7
1.047
0.0451
45.1


88.9%
0.8%
10.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1994
29.6
21.4
28.5
24.5
407
305
363
3056


134
140
9.7
1.051
0.0450
45.5


93.1%
0.1%
6.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1995
29.3
21.0
28.2
24.2
416
310
368
3110


143
154
9.4
1.086
0.0489
45.8


92.4%
0.1%
7.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1996
30.1
21.4
28.9
24.7
407
302
359
3086


141
152
9.7
1.088
0.0486
46.7


96.6%
0.3%
3.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1997
29.7
20.9
28.6
24.3
417
305
365
3111


140
151
9.8
1.093
0.0482
46.5


94.8%
0.1%
5.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1998
30.0
20.9
28.8
24.5
418
304
363
3232


142
151
10.3
1.076
0.0464
48.6


95.8%
0.5%
3.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1999
29.3
20.4
27.9
23.8
430
314
374
3310


145
152
10.4
1.063
0.0457
48.5


94.2%
0.3%
5.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2000
27.1
18.9
25.6
22.0
463
341
404
3421


158
172
9.4
1.092
0.0502
46.6


87.6%

12.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2001
27.3
18.8
25.7
22.1
463
340
403
3387


154
165
9.4
1.078
0.0486
46.4


90.7%

9.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2002
27.7
19.1
25.6
22.2
456
341
400
3428


162
176
9.3
1.090
0.0511
47.8


88.2%

11.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2003
27.4
18.7
25.4
21.9
468
347
405
3475


169
190
8.9
1.119
0.0545
47.9


79.2%

20.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2004
27.4
18.5
25.4
21.9
469
344
406
3583


177
203
8.6
1.148
0.0560
49.4


74.4%
2.7%
22.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2005
28.6
19.3
26.2
22.7
453
335
391
3575


170
199
8.6
1.168
0.0549
51.4


83.4%
2.2%
14.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2006
28.4
19.2
26.0
22.5
454
337
394
3576


169
202
8.7
1.185
0.0555
51.1


78.4%
4.7%
16.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2007
30.2
20.4
27.5
23.9
424
317
372
3575


169
201
8.5
1.176
0.0552
54.7


81.6%
4.6%
13.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2008
31.3
21.1
28.3
24.7
411
309
360
3511
45.3

161
196
8.6
1.200
0.0549
55.6


81.6%
5.1%
13.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-67	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2008
0.4%

52.9%
46.7%



100.0%


100.0%
93.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2009
0.1%

15.9%
84.0%



100.0%


100.0%
99.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2010
0.1%

20.8%
79.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2011
0.5%

10.4%
89.0%



100.0%


100.0%
97.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2012
0.5%

8.3%
91.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2013
0.8%

7.0%
92.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2014
1.0%

4.0%
95.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2015
0.9%

2.9%
96.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2016
0.3%

1.4%
98.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2017
0.4%

2.6%
97.0%


0.5%
99.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.5%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
Car SUV
2018
0.7%


99.3%


4.3%
95.7%


100.0%
100.0%
4.3%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1975
78.6%
21.4%



67.7%

32.3%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1976
74.1%
25.9%



79.0%

21.0%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1977
72.0%
28.0%



77.6%

22.4%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1978
71.1%
28.9%



78.8%

21.2%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1979
73.4%
26.6%



76.0%

24.0%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1980
71.8%
28.2%



71.8%

28.2%





100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1981
65.9%
19.1%
15.0%


62.7%

36.2%

1.0%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1982
55.9%
20.7%
23.3%


62.5%

35.0%

2.5%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1983
58.7%
1.0%
38.4%

1.9%
69.6%

29.3%

1.1%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1984
59.1%
2.1%
38.2%

0.6%
47.1%

52.2%

0.7%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1985
50.8%
0.7%
48.5%


51.2%

47.0%
1.6%
0.2%



100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1986
51.9%

48.1%


47.4%

50.6%
2.0%
0.1%



90.7%
9.3%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1987
44.9%

55.1%


42.5%

32.9%
24.6%

6.7%


98.6%
1.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1988
48.8%
1.7%
49.5%


9.4%

33.3%
57.2%

3.3%


97.9%
2.1%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1989
42.4%
0.4%
57.2%


3.1%

47.6%
49.3%

56.7%


82.3%
17.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1990
39.2%
0.3%
60.5%




74.7%
25.3%

61.9%
1.8%

81.2%
18.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1991
34.8%
0.6%
64.6%




99.5%
0.5%

71.1%
26.8%

80.3%
19.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1992
34.1%
0.2%
65.8%




99.9%
0.1%

75.4%
37.0%

82.3%
17.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1993
27.5%
3.7%
68.8%




100.0%


77.1%
29.1%

84.1%
15.9%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1994
22.5%
4.5%
73.0%




100.0%


82.9%
36.6%

86.0%
14.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1995
25.5%
3.7%
70.8%




100.0%


99.1%
37.7%

77.3%
22.7%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1996
28.2%
3.5%
68.3%




100.0%


100.0%
57.2%

68.6%
31.4%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1997
20.1%

79.9%




100.0%


99.4%
45.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1998
18.1%

81.9%




100.0%


99.5%
42.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
1999
12.3%

87.7%




100.0%


99.7%
33.2%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2000
9.8%

90.2%




100.0%


93.7%
36.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2001
9.5%

90.5%




100.0%


93.3%
32.5%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2002
10.7%

89.3%




100.0%


100.0%
56.5%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2003
12.1%

85.3%
2.6%



100.0%


96.1%
57.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2004
9.9%

86.3%
3.8%



100.0%


94.3%
76.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2005
7.3%

88.8%
4.0%



100.0%


100.0%
92.1%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2006
7.9%

88.3%
3.8%



100.0%


100.0%
93.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2007
6.0%

35.3%
58.7%



100.0%


100.0%
95.1%
1.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2008
5.4%

27.4%
67.2%



100.0%


100.0%
94.0%
1.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-68	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2009
32.1
21.7
28.8
25.2
401
305
352
3496
45.2

158
192
8.5
1.193
0.0538
56.5


88.4%
4.1%
7.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2010
32.7
22.0
29.4
25.7
395
297
346
3486
45.3

159
195
8.5
1.203
0.0547
57.5


87.6%
4.6%
7.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2011
33.6
22.6
29.5
26.1
0
0
340
3467
45.0

153
190
8.7
1.239
0.0537
60.2


84.4%
8.6%
6.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2012
34.7
23.2
30.4
26.9
0
0
330
3416
45.0

150
183
8.7
1.213
0.0524
61.5


87.7%
6.7%
5.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2013
38.5
25.4
33.7
29.5
0
0
299
3442
45.7

151
188
8.5
1.258
0.0536
72.1


88.1%
6.5%
5.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2014
39.3
25.9
34.0
30.0
0
0
296
3331
45.2

142
176
8.9
1.229
0.0515
68.2


90.4%
5.1%
4.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2015
40.7
26.8
35.1
31.0
0
0
285
3338
45.4

142
171
9.0
1.208
0.0502
72.6


88.3%
8.1%
3.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2016
40.0
26.0
34.5
30.3
0
0
293
3381
45.8

147
181
8.8
1.221
0.0524
70.5


89.9%
6.9%
3.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2017
39.5
25.7
34.4
30.0
0
0
295
3398
45.8

146
180
8.9
1.220
0.0517
69.2


84.7%
11.2%
4.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2018
40.1
26.2
34.6
30.4
0
0
288
3425
45.8

145
179
8.9
1.223
0.0512
75.1


86.5%
9.9%
3.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1975





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1976





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1977





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1978





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1979





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1980





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1981





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1982





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1983





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1984
31.0
25.1
28.0
26.3
354
316
338
2750


122
88
16.6
0.721
0.0320
42.7


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1985
27.1
22.3
24.0
23.0
399
371
387
2985


122
88
17.5
0.721
0.0295
40.5


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1986
27.1
22.1
23.9
22.9
402
371
388
3000


122
88
16.8
0.721
0.0293
40.7


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1987
22.5
17.8
20.8
19.0
500
427
467
3448


145
106
15.5
0.732
0.0308
38.9


1.0%

99.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1988
22.5
17.5
21.0
19.0
508
424
469
3516


144
106
15.9
0.738
0.0303
39.6


2.0%

98.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1989
23.3
18.2
21.1
19.5
486
421
456
3298


141
106
15.0
0.751
0.0323
38.3


9.8%

90.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1990
25.1
19.1
23.5
21.0
465
376
424
3436


146
134
12.0
0.917
0.0390
43.1


75.3%
10.3%
14.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1991
26.2
20.2
23.6
21.7
439
375
409
3174


133
118
13.1
0.886
0.0372
41.5


99.7%
0.3%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1992
27.0
20.1
25.4
22.4
439
348
396
3293


131
115
12.8
0.892
0.0351
44.5


87.2%
12.8%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1993
22.8
16.7
22.1
19.0
525
399
468
3815


169
144
11.2
0.866
0.0378
43.5


99.4%
0.6%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1994
23.0
16.6
22.3
19.1
533
399
466
3956


178
150
11.1
0.844
0.0378
45.4


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1995
23.0
16.5
22.3
19.0
538
399
467
4000


181
151
11.4
0.834
0.0378
46.0


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1996
23.0
16.5
22.1
19.0
538
402
468
3987


180
151
11.9
0.837
0.0378
45.8


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1997
22.6
16.1
21.6
18.6
551
411
478
4000


181
151
11.8
0.834
0.0378
45.2


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1998
22.7
16.0
21.8
18.7
554
407
477
4000


181
151
12.2
0.834
0.0378
45.4


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1999
23.1
15.9
22.9
19.0
560
387
468
4000


200
170
11.2
0.850
0.0425
46.1


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2000
22.8
15.7
22.5
18.7
567
395
474
4000


200
170
10.7
0.850
0.0425
45.7


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2001
22.6
15.5
21.9
18.4
573
406
482
4000


200
170
10.5
0.850
0.0425
45.1


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2002
22.6
15.4
21.8
18.4
577
408
484
4000


200
170
10.7
0.850
0.0425
45.1


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2003





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2004
24.6
16.4
23.7
19.9
540
376
447
4500


214
240
9.0
1.121
0.0533
55.3


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2005
24.7
16.4
23.5
19.9
540
378
448
4500


214
240
8.8
1.121
0.0533
55.5


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2006
24.9
16.6
23.7
20.1
534
374
443
4500


214
240
9.0
1.121
0.0533
56.1


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2007
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.7
546
378
450
4500


214
240
8.9
1.121
0.0533
55.0


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2008
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.7
546
378
450
4500
57.9

214
240
8.9
1.121
0.0533
55.1


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2009
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.7
546
378
450
4500
58.0

214
240
8.7
1.121
0.0533
55.1


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-69	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2009
4.7%

27.4%
67.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.5%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2010
2.9%
0.2%
23.7%
73.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.9%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2011
2.9%

27.9%
69.2%


6.0%
92.8%


98.8%
98.5%
0.6%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2012
1.9%

19.9%
78.2%


4.1%
94.6%


98.6%
98.6%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2013
1.8%

11.6%
86.5%



97.3%


97.3%
97.3%
0.0%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2014
3.3%

8.5%
88.2%



98.9%


98.9%
98.9%
0.5%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2015
2.4%

9.5%
88.1%


2.3%
95.2%


97.5%
97.5%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2016
1.6%

7.5%
90.9%


3.5%
95.1%


98.6%
98.6%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2017
1.7%

9.1%
89.1%


12.4%
86.7%


99.1%
99.1%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Car
All
2018
1.7%

12.2%
86.0%


11.5%
84.9%


96.4%
96.4%
0.8%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1975
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1976
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1977
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1978
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1979
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1980
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1981
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1982
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1983
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1984
19.4%

78.9%

1.7%
100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1985


100.0%


100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1986


100.0%


100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1987
13.1%

86.9%


0.6%

26.4%
73.0%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1988
7.7%

92.3%




49.5%
50.5%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1989
0.6%

99.4%




96.5%
3.5%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1990
23.7%

76.3%




98.6%
1.4%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1991
11.0%

89.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1992
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1993
2.7%

97.3%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1994
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1995


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1996


100.0%




100.0%


2.6%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2003
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-70	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2010





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2011
27.1
18.5
24.3
21.4
480
366
415
4500
55.7

214
260
8.1
1.215
0.0578
61.0


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2012
27.4
18.8
24.4
21.6
474
364
411
4500
55.7

214
265
8.0
1.241
0.0589
61.7


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2013
29.5
20.3
24.8
22.7
433
358
392
4172
53.2

184
221
9.1
1.186
0.0518
61.3


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2014
30.8
21.3
25.0
23.3
412
355
382
3949
51.5

163
189
9.9
1.138
0.0466
60.6


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2015
33.4
22.9
26.5
24.8
385
336
358
3744
49.8

144
162
10.6
1.108
0.0424
62.4


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2016
32.4
22.0
26.7
24.4
399
333
364
3935
51.4

162
187
9.9
1.136
0.0463
63.6


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2017
34.0
23.5
26.5
25.1
377
336
354
3651
49.1

136
150
10.9
1.095
0.0405
62.0


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2018
34.8
24.0
26.0
25.1
370
342
354
3500
47.9

122
131
11.4
1.073
0.0374
60.9


100.0%


N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1983
21.2
17.2
19.1
18.0
516
465
493
3500


156
105
15.0
0.673
0.0300
37.2



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1984
21.4
17.7
18.9
18.2
503
470
489
3500


156
106
15.2
0.679
0.0303
37.6



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1985
21.9
18.1
19.2
18.6
490
462
478
3500


156
106
14.9
0.679
0.0303
38.4



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1986
22.0
18.1
19.2
18.6
491
462
479
3500


156
106
14.3
0.679
0.0303
38.5



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1987
19.2
15.2
17.4
16.2
582
507
549
3881


171
128
13.9
0.750
0.0330
37.2



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1988
18.9
14.8
17.3
15.9
599
512
559
3904


176
134
13.6
0.759
0.0342
36.8



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1989
19.1
15.0
17.3
16.0
593
512
555
3982


180
143
12.7
0.794
0.0359
38.0



89.6%
10.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1990
19.6
15.1
18.0
16.4
588
492
542
4000


181
149
11.8
0.826
0.0374
39.2



94.6%
5.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1991
19.6
15.0
18.0
16.3
592
493
544
4000


181
150
11.8
0.829
0.0375
39.2



89.2%
10.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1992
19.5
14.8
18.1
16.3
600
492
547
4106


181
153
11.6
0.843
0.0373
40.1



80.2%
19.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1993
19.4
14.7
17.9
16.1
606
497
552
4346


181
153
11.2
0.843
0.0352
42.2



78.4%
21.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1994
18.6
14.1
17.0
15.4
631
523
577
4384


183
156
11.2
0.851
0.0357
40.9



100.0%

N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1995
19.0
14.2
17.4
15.7
627
511
568
4273


183
161
11.1
0.874
0.0376
40.6



77.6%
22.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.7
14.7
17.9
16.2
606
496
549
4087


198
170
10.8
0.857
0.0415
40.3



76.3%
23.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1997
19.9
14.6
18.1
16.3
605
490
546
4369


199
170
11.2
0.858
0.0391
43.5



83.7%
16.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1998
19.8
14.5
18.1
16.2
613
491
549
4383


198
170
11.6
0.860
0.0390
43.4



83.2%
16.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1999
19.9
14.4
18.1
16.2
614
490
549
4369


198
171
11.5
0.865
0.0393
43.5



73.9%
26.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2000
19.8
14.4
17.8
16.0
617
499
554
4442


196
172
11.1
0.875
0.0387
44.1



88.5%
11.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.1
14.5
18.0
16.2
612
491
547
4411


205
211
9.7
1.022
0.0480
44.5



74.9%
25.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2002
19.6
14.0
17.6
15.8
633
505
563
4521


208
208
9.9
0.997
0.0462
44.3



86.1%
13.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2003
21.5
15.1
19.5
17.3
584
451
515
4311


205
219
9.3
1.062
0.0509
46.4



82.6%
17.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2004
20.0
13.8
18.6
16.1
634
474
551
4853


270
261
8.6
0.982
0.0537
48.4



73.7%
26.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2005
20.8
14.2
19.6
16.8
618
449
528
4823


252
269
8.2
1.085
0.0561
50.3



75.5%
24.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2006
21.0
14.2
19.8
16.9
615
445
525
4851


252
268
8.3
1.081
0.0555
51.0



70.6%
29.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2007
22.1
15.0
20.6
17.8
581
428
500
4714


241
262
8.4
1.102
0.0558
52.2



80.3%
19.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2008
22.4
15.2
20.8
18.0
561
418
495
4761
49.1

237
267
8.7
1.130
0.0554
53.6



74.3%
25.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2009
25.4
17.5
22.7
20.1
496
388
441
4336
48.0

206
239
8.4
1.163
0.0548
55.3



95.5%
4.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2010
24.1
16.6
21.9
19.2
515
399
463
4536
48.6

222
242
8.6
1.113
0.0532
55.0



85.9%
14.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-71	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2010
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2011



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2012



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2013



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2014



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2015



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2016



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2017



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Van
2018



100.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1983
100.0%




100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1984
78.2%
21.8%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1985
83.1%
16.9%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1986
84.4%
15.6%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1987
57.1%
6.7%
36.2%


23.9%


76.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1988
49.0%
6.8%
44.2%


19.2%


80.8%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1989
43.5%
26.7%
29.8%


3.5%

33.8%
62.6%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1990
28.4%

71.6%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1991
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1992
28.3%

71.7%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1993
24.5%

75.5%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1994
19.6%

80.4%




100.0%


7.7%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1995
23.9%

76.1%




100.0%


23.2%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.8%

80.2%




100.0%


17.3%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1997
10.0%

90.0%




100.0%


19.8%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1998
6.8%

93.2%




100.0%


17.5%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
1999
3.9%

96.1%




100.0%


19.6%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2000
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


25.4%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2001
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


76.9%
59.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2002
14.5%

85.5%




100.0%


98.2%
40.6%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2003
1.5%

82.7%
15.7%



100.0%


82.1%
55.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2004
1.1%

87.5%
11.4%



100.0%


87.9%
76.3%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2005
1.2%

81.9%
16.9%



100.0%


100.0%
92.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2006
1.7%

77.4%
20.9%



100.0%


100.0%
95.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2007
1.2%

64.9%
33.9%



100.0%


100.0%
96.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.5%

73.7%
25.8%



100.0%


100.0%
97.5%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.2%

25.9%
73.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.6%

44.9%
54.5%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-72	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2011
25.1
17.3
22.6
20.0
492
385
445
4489
48.1

215
238
8.8
1.118
0.0522
56.9


1.5%
85.8%
12.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2012
25.0
17.1
22.7
19.9
497
384
446
4522
48.3

217
243
8.7
1.137
0.0531
57.0


1.5%
83.8%
14.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2013
27.7
19.0
24.4
21.8
457
360
408
4315
49.1

200
234
8.6
1.170
0.0535
60.0


17.2%
79.5%
3.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2014
28.7
19.5
25.5
22.5
440
342
395
4384
49.7

202
238
8.6
1.180
0.0536
63.7


20.2%
75.6%
4.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2015
30.7
20.6
26.8
23.8
416
324
374
4289
49.0

191
221
9.0
1.159
0.0507
66.7


17.5%
78.8%
3.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2016
33.5
22.5
28.9
25.8
386
303
345
4181
47.8

174
201
9.4
1.150
0.0475
70.5


15.3%
82.8%
1.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2017
30.7
20.6
27.7
24.1
414
311
368
4417
49.3

195
236
8.8
1.201
0.0522
68.5


18.2%
76.2%
5.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2018
31.6
21.3
27.7
24.5
399
312
362
4340
48.8

185
224
9.0
1.209
0.0505
69.6


17.7%
76.9%
5.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1975
23.6
18.0
23.5
20.1
493
377
441
2750


119
107

0.901
0.0390
32.5




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1976
24.5
19.1
23.7
20.9
466
374
425
2750


119
109

0.917
0.0397
33.8




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1977
25.0
19.5
24.0
21.3
456
370
418
2750


119
109

0.914
0.0396
34.4




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1978
25.6
20.7
23.1
21.7
428
382
409
2786


119
107
12.1
0.899
0.0385
35.7




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1979
23.2
18.4
21.6
19.7
480
405
451
2781


119
92
15.1
0.773
0.0332
32.4




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1980
25.1
20.3
22.7
21.3
431
384
417
2830


119
92
15.4
0.770
0.0325
35.8



14.2%
85.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1981
27.7
22.3
25.3
23.6
398
354
384
2893


133
92
15.6
0.693
0.0320
40.9



28.0%
72.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1982
27.8
22.5
25.1
23.6
399
358
385
2894


133
91
16.9
0.685
0.0317
40.9



24.2%
75.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1983
27.6
22.0
25.6
23.5
401
344
381
3031


140
99
14.6
0.708
0.0329
42.3



24.4%
75.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1984
26.3
21.0
24.5
22.4
419
356
397
3145


144
102
14.5
0.708
0.0326
41.8



30.7%
69.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1985
25.9
20.8
23.8
22.0
425
370
403
3101


144
102
14.3
0.706
0.0329
40.3



24.3%
75.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1986
25.0
19.6
23.4
21.2
449
376
420
3194


149
108
13.3
0.724
0.0339
39.9



24.1%
75.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1987
25.6
19.8
24.4
21.7
443
358
410
3125


148
108
13.4
0.732
0.0346
40.2



13.9%
86.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1988
25.6
19.9
23.8
21.5
441
367
413
3138


145
107
13.8
0.735
0.0341
40.3



19.5%
80.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1989
25.3
19.3
23.7
21.2
453
369
419
3179


148
110
13.1
0.737
0.0345
40.2



22.1%
77.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1990
26.7
20.4
24.7
22.3
430
357
399
3147


149
132
10.7
0.889
0.0422
42.1



16.6%
83.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1991
26.5
20.1
24.5
22.0
436
360
403
3178


149
132
10.9
0.890
0.0419
42.2



18.7%
81.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1992
26.4
19.9
24.3
21.9
441
362
407
3195


149
132
10.7
0.888
0.0417
42.3



19.5%
80.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1993
26.3
19.7
24.1
21.7
444
364
410
3241


149
135
10.0
0.903
0.0419
42.7



21.3%
78.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1994
25.5
19.1
23.3
21.0
458
376
423
3300


151
135
10.0
0.895
0.0414
42.2



26.6%
73.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1995
24.9
18.6
22.5
20.4
469
389
435
3345


153
137
10.2
0.898
0.0413
41.8



23.9%
76.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1996
25.2
18.7
22.5
20.5
472
390
433
3352


146
134
10.9
0.917
0.0404
42.2



17.8%
82.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1997
24.9
18.5
22.1
20.2
478
398
440
3350


146
134
10.8
0.918
0.0405
41.7



20.8%
79.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1998
25.5
18.7
22.7
20.6
472
389
431
3604


146
142
11.2
0.973
0.0396
46.1



24.6%
75.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1999
23.3
17.0
20.6
18.8
513
424
473
3788


166
152
11.2
0.923
0.0401
44.3



38.9%
61.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2000
21.8
15.9
19.4
17.6
549
450
505
3918


177
158
10.7
0.903
0.0405
43.1



25.4%
74.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2001
22.2
16.1
19.7
17.9
543
444
498
3880


178
161
10.3
0.916
0.0416
43.5



21.9%
78.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2002
22.0
15.8
19.4
17.6
553
452
505
3944


179
163
10.5
0.915
0.0413
43.6



24.3%
75.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2003
22.4
15.9
19.8
17.9
551
444
497
3945


182
170
10.2
0.939
0.0431
44.3



28.1%
71.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2004
23.2
16.2
20.8
18.5
540
424
480
3870


177
166
10.3
0.940
0.0427
45.1



23.7%
76.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2005
19.4
13.3
18.0
15.7
661
490
568
4895


290
281
8.1
0.984
0.0573
47.5



41.7%
58.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2006
19.8
13.6
18.3
15.9
646
482
558
4808


278
269
8.4
0.983
0.0556
47.6



35.6%
64.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2007
20.2
13.9
18.6
16.2
632
474
548
4756


267
262
8.6
0.993
0.0547
48.0



33.0%
67.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2008
19.4
13.3
18.2
15.7
661
486
566
5130
65.1

290
341
7.9
1.158
0.0654
49.7



38.6%
61.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2009
20.3
14.0
18.8
16.4
627
468
543
4921
58.7

270
270
8.4
1.010
0.0545
50.0



41.9%
58.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2010
20.4
14.0
18.9
16.4
630
466
541
4943
58.2

269
270
8.5
1.012
0.0544
50.3



49.7%
50.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2011
20.4
14.0
19.0
16.5
628
465
539
4905
58.3

270
272
8.4
1.018
0.0554
49.9



54.5%
45.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-73	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2011
0.6%

43.4%
56.0%


7.0%
93.0%


100.0%
96.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2012
0.6%

43.0%
56.4%


8.0%
92.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2013
0.2%

13.4%
86.5%


3.1%
96.9%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2014
1.4%

12.2%
86.4%


5.3%
94.7%


100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2015
1.0%

11.2%
87.7%


4.6%
95.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2016


6.7%
93.3%


4.7%
95.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2017


14.3%
85.7%


43.9%
56.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Truck SUV
2018


11.9%
88.1%


44.5%
55.5%


100.0%
100.0%
2.8%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1975
90.0%
10.0%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1976
90.0%
10.0%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1977
85.4%
14.6%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1978
87.6%
12.4%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1979
88.5%
11.5%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1980
91.9%
8.1%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1981
94.6%
5.4%



84.0%



16.0%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1982
94.5%
5.5%



81.2%



18.8%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1983
95.0%
2.1%
2.9%


93.7%



6.3%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1984
91.5%
0.2%
8.4%


98.5%



1.5%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1985
88.0%
0.2%
11.8%


99.5%



0.5%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1986
87.4%
0.9%
11.7%


40.9%


59.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1987
79.9%
3.3%
16.8%


17.9%


82.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1988
81.5%
3.8%
14.7%


29.0%


71.0%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1989
80.3%
2.8%
16.9%


16.0%


84.0%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1990
84.5%

15.5%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1991
79.4%

20.6%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1992
79.1%

20.9%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1993
76.7%

23.3%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1994
78.3%

21.7%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1995
77.5%

22.5%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1996
76.7%

23.3%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1997
79.6%

20.4%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1998
74.2%

25.8%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
1999
48.2%

51.8%




100.0%


62.9%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2000
33.7%

66.3%




100.0%


41.8%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2001
33.4%

66.6%




100.0%


41.7%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2002
28.6%

71.4%




100.0%


100.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2003
28.3%

71.7%




100.0%


32.7%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2004
29.5%

70.5%




100.0%


42.4%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2005
7.3%

92.7%




100.0%


100.0%
94.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2006
8.8%

91.2%




100.0%


93.8%
93.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2007
9.1%

90.9%




100.0%


93.1%
93.1%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2008
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%


97.4%
97.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2009
6.9%

93.1%




100.0%


98.7%
98.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2010
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2011
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-74	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2012
20.6
14.2
19.1
16.6
622
463
535
4839
57.5

266
273
8.3
1.038
0.0566
49.7



53.6%
46.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2013
22.3
15.2
20.8
17.9
579
424
496
4666
56.5

244
249
8.8
1.029
0.0531
52.0



44.3%
55.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2014
22.2
15.1
20.7
17.8
583
426
498
4689
56.7

246
252
8.8
1.030
0.0535
51.9



45.1%
54.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2015
22.5
15.3
21.0
18.1
573
420
491
4635
56.3

241
248
8.8
1.033
0.0531
52.1



44.1%
55.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2016
23.4
15.9
21.8
18.8
557
408
473
4455
54.5

227
241
8.8
1.056
0.0538
52.1



41.5%
58.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2017
23.1
15.7
21.4
18.5
566
414
480
5057
59.2

270
297
8.2
1.089
0.0576
58.2



47.2%
52.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2018
22.9
15.6
21.4
18.4
569
415
482
4968
57.9

268
294
8.1
1.087
0.0584
56.9



48.9%
51.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1975
23.6
18.0
23.5
20.1
493
377
441
2750


119
107

0.901
0.0390
32.5




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1976
24.5
19.1
23.7
20.9
466
374
425
2750


119
109

0.917
0.0397
33.8




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1977
25.0
19.5
24.0
21.3
456
370
418
2750


119
109

0.914
0.0396
34.4




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1978
25.6
20.7
23.1
21.7
428
382
409
2786


119
107
12.1
0.899
0.0385
35.7




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1979
23.2
18.4
21.6
19.7
480
405
451
2781


119
92
15.1
0.773
0.0332
32.4




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1980
25.1
20.3
22.7
21.3
431
384
417
2830


119
92
15.4
0.770
0.0325
35.8



14.2%
85.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1981
27.7
22.3
25.3
23.6
398
354
384
2893


133
92
15.6
0.693
0.0320
40.9



28.0%
72.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1982
27.8
22.5
25.1
23.6
399
358
385
2894


133
91
16.9
0.685
0.0317
40.9



24.2%
75.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1983
27.5
22.0
25.5
23.4
401
345
382
3035


140
99
14.6
0.708
0.0329
42.2



25.2%
74.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1984
26.2
20.9
24.3
22.3
420
358
399
3152


144
102
14.5
0.708
0.0326
41.7


0.2%
32.1%
67.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1985
25.9
20.7
23.7
22.0
426
371
404
3107


144
102
14.3
0.706
0.0329
40.3


0.2%
25.4%
74.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1986
24.9
19.6
23.3
21.1
449
378
421
3198


149
108
13.3
0.723
0.0338
39.8


0.1%
25.3%
74.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1987
23.9
18.6
22.4
20.2
468
384
440
3290


151
111
13.7
0.735
0.0339
39.5


0.1%
27.4%
72.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1988
23.5
18.3
21.8
19.8
472
395
448
3333


152
113
13.9
0.740
0.0338
39.5


0.2%
34.4%
65.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1989
23.8
18.3
22.1
20.0
474
390
445
3330


154
116
13.0
0.748
0.0347
39.8


0.2%
34.2%
65.6%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1990
24.7
18.9
22.8
20.6
459
380
431
3351


155
136
11.0
0.879
0.0409
41.6


7.1%
32.1%
60.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1991
24.3
18.5
22.4
20.2
468
387
440
3390


157
137
11.1
0.874
0.0407
41.4


0.2%
36.9%
62.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1992
24.0
18.1
22.2
20.0
477
389
445
3470


156
136
11.2
0.876
0.0395
42.0


12.4%
36.0%
51.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1993
23.6
17.7
21.8
19.5
489
397
455
3611


160
141
10.5
0.882
0.0396
42.7


15.1%
32.8%
52.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1994
22.8
17.0
21.1
18.9
509
410
471
3716


165
144
10.5
0.873
0.0392
42.6


21.3%
39.6%
39.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1995
22.2
16.4
20.3
18.2
527
427
487
3785


168
148
10.7
0.878
0.0394
42.1


16.9%
38.9%
44.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1996
22.7
16.7
20.7
18.6
524
422
478
3735


171
149
11.1
0.879
0.0401
42.4


23.4%
32.3%
44.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1997
22.2
16.3
20.2
18.2
536
433
489
3873


173
152
11.1
0.879
0.0395
43.0


16.9%
42.8%
40.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1998
22.2
16.2
20.2
18.1
539
433
491
4012


174
156
11.5
0.904
0.0391
44.8


12.3%
48.6%
39.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1999
21.2
15.3
19.5
17.3
575
448
514
4153


191
166
11.4
0.876
0.0402
44.3


21.2%
50.0%
28.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2000
21.0
15.1
19.0
17.0
580
462
523
4164


189
166
10.9
0.883
0.0400
43.9


13.6%
50.2%
36.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2001
20.9
15.0
18.8
16.9
586
468
527
4217


196
192
10.0
0.975
0.0456
44.2


9.1%
52.4%
38.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2002
20.5
14.6
18.4
16.5
601
479
539
4302


198
191
10.2
0.961
0.0444
44.1


7.3%
60.5%
32.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2003
21.7
15.3
19.6
17.4
575
449
511
4217


199
207
9.5
1.030
0.0489
45.9



68.6%
31.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2004
21.0
14.5
19.5
16.9
602
448
525
4637


247
242
9.0
0.995
0.0518
48.8


14.0%
54.9%
31.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2005
20.6
14.0
19.3
16.6
624
455
535
4820


262
271
8.2
1.054
0.0563
49.8


8.6%
57.6%
33.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2006
20.7
14.1
19.4
16.7
620
453
533
4813


260
267
8.4
1.045
0.0554
50.0


6.2%
52.7%
41.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2007
21.6
14.7
20.1
17.4
593
436
511
4705


247
259
8.5
1.067
0.0552
51.1


10.8%
55.5%
33.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2008
21.4
14.5
20.0
17.2
590
435
516
4868
55.0

253
290
8.4
1.139
0.0586
52.4


6.5%
57.5%
36.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2009
24.2
16.7
21.9
19.3
518
400
461
4454
50.4

219
245
8.4
1.132
0.0547
54.3


4.0%
81.5%
14.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2010
22.9
15.7
20.9
18.3
543
416
485
4652
51.3

236
250
8.6
1.084
0.0535
53.6



75.6%
24.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2011
24.0
16.5
21.8
19.2
515
399
464
4578
50.7

227
246
8.7
1.101
0.0531
55.6


5.9%
75.0%
19.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2012
23.7
16.3
21.6
18.9
526
402
469
4611
51.4

231
253
8.5
1.115
0.0545
55.2


7.2%
70.0%
22.9%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-75	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2012
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2013
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2014
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2015
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2016
3.6%

96.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2017
1.9%

98.1%



41.0%
59.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
Pickup
2018
1.8%

98.2%



30.1%
69.9%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1975
90.0%
10.0%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1976
90.0%
10.0%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1977
85.4%
14.6%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1978
87.6%
12.4%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1979
88.5%
11.5%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1980
91.9%
8.1%



100.0%










N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1981
94.6%
5.4%



84.0%



16.0%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1982
94.5%
5.5%



81.2%



18.8%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1983
95.0%
2.1%
2.9%


93.8%



6.2%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1984
91.0%
0.6%
8.4%

0.0%
98.5%



1.5%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1985
87.7%
0.4%
11.8%


99.5%



0.5%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1986
87.3%
1.1%
11.6%


41.8%


58.2%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1987
68.8%
3.6%
27.6%


17.1%

2.8%
80.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1988
67.8%
4.1%
28.1%


24.3%

4.7%
71.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1989
71.9%
7.2%
20.9%


13.3%

8.1%
78.5%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1990
67.1%

32.9%




99.9%
0.1%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1991
66.0%

34.0%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1992
57.3%

42.7%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1993
52.1%

47.9%




100.0%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1994
46.8%

53.2%




100.0%


2.0%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1995
45.4%

54.6%




100.0%


8.2%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1996
40.6%

59.4%




100.0%


50.9%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1997
37.9%

62.1%




100.0%


50.5%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1998
34.0%

66.0%




100.0%


49.7%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
1999
13.5%

86.5%




100.0%


25.7%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2000
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


28.8%





N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2001
12.9%

87.1%




100.0%


59.5%
36.1%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2002
17.8%

82.2%




100.0%


91.6%
24.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2003
8.4%

79.9%
11.7%



100.0%


69.4%
41.6%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2004
5.8%

86.3%
7.9%



100.0%


81.9%
66.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2005
3.1%

87.2%
9.7%



100.0%


100.0%
93.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2006
4.3%

84.1%
11.5%



100.0%


97.6%
95.3%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2007
3.7%

77.5%
18.7%



100.0%


97.7%
95.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2008
1.9%

82.7%
15.5%



100.0%


99.1%
97.6%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2009
1.5%

41.6%
56.9%



100.0%


99.8%
99.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2010
1.7%

59.3%
39.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2011
1.4%

52.3%
46.3%


5.2%
94.8%


100.0%
97.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2012
1.9%

55.2%
42.9%


5.2%
94.8%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-76	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type






Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain







Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot















Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2013
26.7
18.3
23.7
21.1
472
369
422
4367
50.6

206
236
8.7
1.147
0.0534
58.7


18.0%
70.1%
12.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2014
27.3
18.6
24.4
21.5
460
356
413
4420
51.1

209
238
8.7
1.150
0.0532
61.4


20.1%
66.6%
13.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2015
29.4
19.8
25.8
22.8
430
337
389
4284
50.1

193
219
9.1
1.135
0.0502
64.2


23.4%
65.7%
10.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2016
30.5
20.6
26.9
23.8
415
323
374
4231
49.5

185
210
9.3
1.129
0.0488
66.1


15.4%
70.4%
14.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2017
28.9
19.5
26.1
22.8
435
329
390
4503
51.3

207
243
8.8
1.172
0.0526
66.1


19.3%
65.9%
14.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2018
27.9
18.9
25.0
21.9
446
344
405
4541
52.0

213
246
8.7
1.161
0.0530
64.8


13.8%
64.5%
21.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1975
24.7
18.9
24.4
21.1
450
350
422
2640


118
112

0.944
0.0416
33.1




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1976
26.3
20.5
25.3
22.4
418
340
396
2610


114
107

0.939
0.0405
34.8




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1977
26.7
21.0
25.2
22.7
406
338
391
2595


112
106

0.941
0.0404
35.3




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1978
26.5
21.2
24.5
22.6
407
348
394
2580


112
106
11.9
0.933
0.0403
34.8




100.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1979
26.2
20.6
24.7
22.3
417
350
399
2541


111
86
15.3
0.772
0.0331
33.6


12.1%

87.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1980
29.8
23.9
27.5
25.4
364
315
350
2531


107
84
15.6
0.776
0.0327
38.2


15.9%
2.7%
81.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1981
30.0
24.0
27.6
25.5
363
315
351
2596


116
90
15.4
0.759
0.0340
39.3


14.8%
5.1%
80.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1982
30.0
23.9
27.9
25.5
362
308
351
2637


120
90
16.4
0.745
0.0338
40.2


34.8%
5.1%
60.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1983
31.5
24.7
29.9
26.8
347
286
332
2613


121
91
14.5
0.750
0.0346
41.7


58.7%
4.5%
36.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1984
30.4
23.8
29.1
25.9
359
293
343
2747


127
101
13.9
0.783
0.0363
42.3


38.2%
7.1%
54.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1985
28.5
22.5
27.0
24.3
379
317
366
2831


131
102
13.9
0.766
0.0353
40.7


56.2%
7.0%
36.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1986
27.7
21.5
26.4
23.5
396
325
378
2954


136
105
13.3
0.764
0.0350
41.2


44.4%
11.3%
44.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1987
27.9
21.4
26.8
23.6
402
322
377
2971


130
101
14.2
0.767
0.0334
41.7


68.4%
7.2%
24.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1988
28.1
21.6
26.4
23.6
394
323
376
2944


127
99
14.6
0.766
0.0329
41.8


64.0%
10.6%
25.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1989
28.4
21.6
26.8
23.8
398
321
373
2956


130
111
12.8
0.860
0.0372
42.2


65.2%
8.7%
26.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1990
27.6
20.8
26.2
23.1
415
330
384
3071


140
131
11.1
0.935
0.0421
42.6


62.8%
8.2%
29.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1991
27.6
20.6
26.4
23.1
418
325
385
3129


141
138
10.8
0.990
0.0437
43.7


61.7%
11.4%
26.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1992
27.9
20.6
26.7
23.2
418
322
383
3151


140
139
10.6
1.003
0.0437
44.4


71.4%
9.6%
19.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1993
27.3
20.0
26.0
22.6
430
330
393
3234


142
141
9.9
1.000
0.0435
44.4


67.9%
9.9%
22.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1994
27.4
20.0
26.0
22.6
430
329
393
3238


142
141
9.9
1.002
0.0434
44.7


73.3%
11.0%
15.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1995
26.4
19.2
25.0
21.8
448
341
408
3337


151
152
9.8
1.016
0.0457
44.5


67.0%
13.1%
19.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1996
27.9
20.0
26.4
22.9
431
324
388
3243


148
151
10.1
1.037
0.0465
45.7


78.9%
8.0%
13.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1997
27.0
19.3
25.5
22.1
446
335
402
3336


150
152
10.2
1.030
0.0456
45.4


71.7%
12.7%
15.5%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1998
27.4
19.4
25.8
22.3
445
331
398
3445


151
153
10.6
1.029
0.0444
47.6


73.0%
13.6%
13.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1999
26.9
18.9
25.3
21.8
458
338
407
3512


156
156
10.6
1.018
0.0444
47.5


76.7%
12.2%
11.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2000
24.9
17.5
23.1
20.2
494
371
441
3650


167
170
9.8
1.028
0.0471
45.8


64.8%
15.5%
19.8%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2001
24.8
17.4
22.9
20.0
498
374
444
3661


168
174
9.6
1.044
0.0476
45.7


63.8%
17.3%
18.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2002
25.2
17.6
23.1
20.3
489
370
438
3668


172
180
9.6
1.054
0.0493
46.8


65.9%
16.6%
17.4%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2003
25.9
17.8
23.8
20.7
489
365
429
3641


176
194
9.0
1.099
0.0532
47.4


61.5%
15.4%
23.2%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2004
24.5
16.7
22.8
19.7
512
378
451
3984


203
218
8.8
1.090
0.0544
49.2


51.4%
22.6%
26.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2005
25.3
17.1
23.4
20.2
499
368
440
3997


201
223
8.5
1.130
0.0554
50.8


58.1%
21.0%
20.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2006
25.3
17.1
23.3
20.2
499
369
441
3990


200
223
8.6
1.138
0.0554
50.7


54.3%
20.8%
25.0%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2007
26.7
18.1
24.5
21.3
467
348
418
3945


194
220
8.5
1.141
0.0552
53.5


58.4%
21.3%
20.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2008
27.6
18.7
25.3
21.9
450
337
405
3904
48.1

188
223
8.5
1.182
0.0559
54.7


59.9%
20.3%
19.9%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2009
29.9
20.3
26.8
23.6
423
323
377
3713
46.4

172
204
8.5
1.180
0.0540
56.0


69.3%
21.6%
9.1%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2010
29.4
19.9
26.6
23.2
426
322
383
3795
46.9

180
209
8.5
1.171
0.0544
56.5


64.3%
23.4%
12.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2011
29.9
20.2
26.6
23.4
0
0
378
3813
46.7

176
207
8.7
1.196
0.0535
58.8


60.0%
29.3%
10.7%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2012
30.9
20.8
27.5
24.2
0
0
367
3734
46.7

172
201
8.7
1.186
0.0529
59.8


66.2%
23.5%
10.3%
N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2013
34.1
22.8
30.0
26.5
0
0
334
3709
47.1

167
202
8.6
1.225
0.0536
68.2


67.8%
24.8%
7.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-77	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2013
1.1%

26.3%
72.6%


2.4%
97.6%


100.0%
100.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2014
1.6%

27.4%
71.0%


4.1%
95.9%


100.0%
100.0%
1.6%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2015
1.6%

22.2%
76.3%


3.5%
96.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2016
0.8%

26.3%
72.9%


3.5%
96.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2017
0.4%

30.5%
69.1%


40.8%
59.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

Truck
All
2018
0.6%

42.6%
56.7%


38.0%
62.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.7%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1975
81.3%
18.7%



75.3%

24.7%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1976
77.7%
22.3%



83.8%

16.2%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1977
74.8%
25.2%



82.2%

17.8%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1978
74.2%
25.8%



82.7%

17.3%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1979
75.9%
24.1%



79.9%

20.1%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1980
75.6%
24.4%



77.1%

22.9%








N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1981
71.1%
16.6%
12.3%


66.6%

29.6%

3.8%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1982
64.1%
17.5%
18.4%


66.4%

27.6%

6.0%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1983
65.3%
1.2%
32.0%

1.6%
73.9%

24.0%

2.0%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1984
66.1%
1.8%
31.6%

0.4%
58.5%

40.6%

0.9%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1985
61.0%
0.6%
38.4%


64.5%

34.1%
1.2%
0.3%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1986
66.5%
0.5%
33.1%


45.1%

29.8%
25.1%
0.0%






N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1987
50.8%
0.9%
48.3%


36.2%

25.4%
38.3%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1988
54.5%
2.4%
43.1%


13.9%

24.8%
61.4%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1989
49.8%
2.1%
48.1%


5.6%

37.8%
56.6%







N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1990
46.3%
0.2%
53.5%




81.1%
18.9%


1.3%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1991
43.3%
0.4%
56.3%




99.6%
0.4%


19.5%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1992
39.5%
0.1%
60.4%




99.9%
0.1%


28.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1993
34.5%
2.7%
62.8%




100.0%



20.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1994
29.2%
3.2%
67.5%




100.0%


60.6%
26.5%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1995
32.2%
2.5%
65.3%




100.0%


68.5%
25.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1996
31.2%
2.6%
66.1%




100.0%


88.1%
43.4%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1997
25.4%

74.6%




100.0%


85.0%
32.1%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1998
22.5%

77.5%




100.0%


85.9%
31.2%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
1999
12.6%

87.4%




100.0%


82.0%
25.3%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2000
11.9%

88.1%




100.0%


73.7%
24.9%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2001
10.6%

89.4%




100.0%


82.2%
33.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2002
12.7%

87.3%




100.0%


97.7%
47.8%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2003
11.3%

84.1%
4.6%



100.0%


90.1%
54.2%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2004
8.3%

86.3%
5.4%



100.0%


89.6%
72.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2005
5.9%

88.2%
5.9%



100.0%


100.0%
92.7%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2006
6.7%

86.9%
6.4%



100.0%


99.2%
94.0%




N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2007
5.2%

49.1%
45.6%



100.0%


99.2%
95.4%
0.7%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2008
4.4%

43.4%
52.2%



100.0%


99.8%
95.0%
0.7%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2009
4.0%

30.6%
65.4%



100.0%


99.9%
99.9%
1.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2010
2.6%
0.2%
33.2%
64.1%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2011
2.4%

35.5%
62.1%


5.8%
93.4%


99.2%
98.1%
0.4%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2012
1.9%

29.3%
68.8%


4.4%
94.6%


99.0%
99.0%
0.1%



N
ssan-M
tsubish

All
All
2013
1.6%

15.9%
82.5%


0.7%
97.3%


98.0%
98.0%
0.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-78	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2014
34.8
23.2
30.5
26.8
0
0
330
3654
46.9

162
195
CO
CO
1.205
0.0520
66.2


69.6%
23.3%
7.1%
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2015
36.7
24.3
31.8
28.1
0
0
315
3607
46.8

157
185
9.0
1.187
0.0502
70.2


69.8%
24.5%
5.7%
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2016
36.4
24.0
31.7
27.8
0
0
318
3650
46.9

159
190
8.9
1.191
0.0512
69.1


66.4%
26.9%
6.7%
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2017
35.2
23.2
31.1
27.1
0
0
327
3770
47.6

167
201
8.9
1.204
0.0520
68.1


62.7%
29.6%
7.7%
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2018
34.8
23.1
30.5
26.8
0
0
329
3818
48.0

170
203
CO
CO
1.200
0.0518
71.4


60.9%
29.1%
10.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
31.4
24.5
30.0
26.7
362
293
332
2000


83
54

0.653
0.0271
31.5


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
32.6
25.6
31.0
27.8
344
284
320
2021


84
56

0.671
0.0278
33.2


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
35.5
28.2
33.2
30.2
307
261
294
2085

79.6
88
62

0.716
0.0300
37.9
2889
3025
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
33.7
27.4
30.3
28.6
321
290
310
2126

83.3
90
63
14.8
0.701
0.0297
36.3
2848
3052
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
29.0
23.4
26.5
24.7
378
332
360
2308

83.4
97
64
17.1
0.666
0.0279
33.6
2427
2814
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
29.2
23.4
26.8
24.8
374
325
358
2330

88.9
100
68
17.0
0.685
0.0293
34.2
2635
3047
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
30.8
24.9
27.9
26.2
352
312
340
2343

88.0
100
71
16.1
0.716
0.0305
36.3
2752
3201
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
33.4
27.0
30.3
28.4
324
287
313
2354

92.2
100
71
17.2
0.715
0.0304
39.7
3123
3657
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
35.3
28.2
32.5
30.0
310
269
296
2380

91.8
101
74
15.6
0.728
0.0309
42.3
3277
3887
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
35.2
27.7
33.3
29.9
315
264
297
2380

90.4
104
84
14.1
0.809
0.0354
42.2
3194
3802
100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
33.8
26.6
32.0
28.8
327
274
309
2432

89.5
104
84
14.1
0.813
0.0347
41.4
3040
3693
98.3%
1.7%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
33.6
26.2
31.8
28.5
332
276
312
2565

93.4
107
90
13.6
0.828
0.0347
43.3
3144
4040
98.1%
1.9%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
32.8
25.4
31.1
27.7
342
282
320
2633

94.2
109
93
13.9
0.840
0.0348
43.4
3111
4088
99.2%
0.8%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
31.8
24.4
30.0
26.7
353
289
332
2770

97.3
115
105
13.1
0.912
0.0375
44.4
3144
4311
99.5%
0.5%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
31.3
23.9
29.4
26.2
362
296
339
2800

97.2
112
110
12.2
0.986
0.0392
44.1
3087
4284
95.9%
4.1%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
30.4
23.1
28.3
25.4
374
309
350
2884

99.8
119
121
10.9
1.021
0.0418
44.2
3078
4403
99.7%
0.3%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
30.3
22.9
28.2
25.2
377
310
353
2913

100.2
122
130
10.7
1.056
0.0440
44.5
3083
4449
99.6%

0.4%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
30.9
22.8
29.4
25.7
374
294
346
3015

101.0
125
135
10.3
1.087
0.0446
47.3
3217
4764
99.8%

0.2%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
32.2
23.6
30.2
26.5
363
287
335
2977

97.5
119
125
10.1
1.061
0.0418
48.3
3199
4696
99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
32.1
23.4
30.1
26.4
371
290
337
3055

98.4
121
133
9.8
1.114
0.0435
49.3
3202
4849
99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
32.8
23.7
30.6
26.8
364
285
331
2995

97.5
117
130
10.1
1.126
0.0434
49.5
3251
4818
99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
31.8
22.9
29.7
26.0
380
294
342
3046

102.0
124
134
10.4
1.094
0.0440
48.8
3306
4972
99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
32.1
23.0
29.8
26.1
378
294
341
3019

101.1
122
133
10.4
1.100
0.0438
48.8
3308
4932
100.0%

0.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
32.0
22.6
29.8
25.9
385
295
343
3173

104.0
128
144
10.5
1.136
0.0451
50.9
3373
5299
100.0%

0.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
30.9
21.6
29.0
25.0
403
303
355
3221

105.0
135
153
10.3
1.142
0.0470
50.0
3288
5254
100.0%

0.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
31.0
21.5
29.0
25.0
403
302
355
3195

104.4
134
153
9.8
1.157
0.0476
49.8
3279
5201
99.0%

1.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
32.2
22.1
30.1
25.9
389
290
344
3189

104.6
134
154
9.6
1.150
0.0478
51.9
3448
5425
98.8%

1.2%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
32.0
21.8
29.7
25.5
396
295
348
3218

105.4
136
157
9.6
1.160
0.0483
51.8
3434
5460
98.8%

1.2%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
32.7
21.8
31.0
26.1
394
283
340
3283

105.8
141
170
9.2
1.193
0.0510
54.4
3539
5755
99.1%

0.9%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
32.7
21.8
30.6
26.0
396
286
342
3296

105.5
139
171
9.2
1.212
0.0511
54.6
3531
5759
99.1%

0.9%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
32.8
21.7
30.7
26.0
397
286
342
3308

105.7
141
174
9.0
1.215
0.0515
55.0
3556
5819
96.3%
2.6%
1.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
33.5
22.0
31.3
26.5
390
278
335
3336

104.8
139
178
CO
CO
1.275
0.0527
56.9
3605
5956
97.8%
1.5%
0.7%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
33.9
22.3
31.5
26.7
386
277
332
3289

105.9
135
171
9.1
1.258
0.0513
56.6
3677
5988
98.9%
0.5%
0.5%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
34.3
22.5
32.0
27.1
384
273
328
3334
45.0
109.0
137
175
9.1
1.275
0.0517
57.7
3811
6287
99.1%
0.6%
0.3%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
34.6
22.8
32.2
27.3
380
272
325
3303
45.1
109.5
135
172
9.0
1.281
0.0514
57.7
3853
6301
98.7%
1.3%
0.0%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
35.6
23.4
32.8
28.0
0
0
317
3298
44.9
108.9
134
174
9.0
1.294
0.0517
59.6
3969
6471
98.3%
1.7%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
36.5
23.7
33.1
28.3
0
0
314
3322
45.3
108.7
136
170
9.1
1.255
0.0504
61.0
3996
6607
99.1%
0.9%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
38.1
24.7
34.4
29.4
352
256
302
3269
45.0
108.4
133
168
9.1
1.262
0.0507
62.8
4183
6785
98.6%
1.4%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
40.1
26.1
35.5
30.8
0
0
289
3257
44.8
106.9
132
170
8.9
1.285
0.0516
65.7
4332
7027
99.4%
0.6%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
40.6
26.6
35.3
31.0
0
0
287
3357
45.7
107.4
139
180
8.5
1.297
0.0531
69.2
4437
7440
99.5%
0.5%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-79	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2014
2.8%

14.1%
83.1%


1.2%
98.1%


99.3%
99.3%
0.9%



Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2015
2.2%

13.1%
84.7%


2.6%
95.6%


98.2%
98.2%
0.1%



Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2016
1.3%

13.4%
85.2%


3.5%
95.6%


99.1%
99.1%
0.1%



Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2017
1.3%

16.3%
82.4%


21.9%
77.5%


99.4%
99.4%
0.1%



Nissan-Mitsubishi
All
All
2018
1.3%

23.0%
75.7%


20.8%
76.9%


97.7%
97.7%
1.1%



Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
87.8%

12.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
88.9%
11.1%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
81.3%
18.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
82.0%

18.0%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
74.8%

25.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
58.0%
33.1%
8.9%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
73.6%
26.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
71.8%
28.2%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
64.5%
12.2%
23.3%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
64.5%

35.5%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
62.9%

37.1%


91.8%

8.2%





100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
63.1%

36.9%


63.0%

37.0%


69.9%


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
49.0%

51.0%


61.9%

38.1%


97.8%


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
47.8%

52.2%


34.6%

42.9%
22.5%

98.6%


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
46.3%

53.7%


26.0%

48.0%
26.0%

98.8%


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
41.2%

58.8%


0.6%

75.1%
24.3%

99.2%


100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
38.6%

61.4%




74.3%
25.7%

99.0%
0.4%

100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
35.2%

64.8%




100.0%


97.5%
3.8%

100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
35.5%

64.5%




100.0%


99.6%
14.4%

100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
35.5%

64.5%




100.0%


98.7%
36.6%

100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
35.4%

64.6%




100.0%


98.9%
35.3%

100.0%


Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.3%

72.5%
0.1%



100.0%


100.0%
28.8%

97.9%
2.1%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
26.6%

72.6%
0.8%



100.0%


100.0%
31.4%

98.1%
1.9%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
22.2%

77.2%
0.6%



100.0%


100.0%
66.2%

52.7%
47.3%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
18.8%

81.0%
0.3%



100.0%


100.0%
73.9%

43.7%
56.3%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
17.9%

82.0%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
74.5%
0.6%
43.2%
56.8%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
16.6%

83.0%
0.3%



100.0%


100.0%
94.3%
0.4%
50.0%
50.0%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
16.3%

83.4%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
95.6%
0.2%
44.0%
56.0%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
13.8%

83.1%
3.1%



100.0%


96.3%
99.7%
3.8%
40.1%
59.9%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
13.7%

84.0%
2.3%



100.0%


97.2%
99.0%
2.8%
44.1%
55.9%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
11.8%

85.4%
2.8%



100.0%


96.7%
100.0%
5.7%
42.6%
57.4%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
11.8%

84.4%
3.9%



100.0%


96.2%
100.0%
4.4%
48.7%
51.3%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
11.6%

84.8%
3.6%



100.0%


96.4%
100.0%
4.0%
47.4%
52.6%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
10.5%

85.9%
3.6%



100.0%


96.4%
100.0%
3.6%
55.8%
6.9%
37.3%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
7.0%

90.4%
2.6%



100.0%


97.4%
100.0%
2.6%
58.4%
4.8%
36.7%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
3.7%

89.3%
6.9%



100.0%


93.1%
100.0%
6.9%
61.0%
5.4%
33.5%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
5.1%

89.5%
5.4%



100.0%


96.9%
100.0%
6.6%
55.1%
3.0%
41.9%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
4.7%

92.9%
2.4%



100.0%


98.1%
100.0%
2.5%
63.3%
5.7%
30.9%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
5.3%

58.5%
36.3%


34.8%
65.1%


98.0%
99.9%
2.4%
55.5%
44.5%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
3.9%

13.5%
82.6%


47.2%
52.7%


98.8%
99.9%
3.4%
41.8%
58.2%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-80	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
41.7
27.3
36.0
31.6
319
246
281
3276
45.0
106.9
133
173
8.5
1.306
0.0522
69.0
4525
7387
98.8%
1.2%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
43.0
27.9
37.4
32.6
315
236
273
3250
45.7
111.7
132
179
8.3
1.388
0.0547
69.9
4861
7810
99.4%
0.6%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
42.9
28.3
37.4
32.8
0
0
270
3303
45.8
113.7
130
178
8.3
1.406
0.0538
72.3
4994
8208
94.8%
5.2%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
44.0
29.2
37.3
33.3
0
0
265
3312
46.3
117.1
111
180
8.0
1.670
0.0543
77.0
5434
9046
93.7%
6.3%

Honda
Car
Car SUV
1975





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1976





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1977





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1978





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1979





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1983





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1986





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1987





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1988





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1989





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1990





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1991





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1992





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1993





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1994
20.4
15.5
18.4
16.8
573
484
528
4000


183
161
10.5
0.871
0.0401
40.9


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
1995





















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1996
19.9
14.8
18.1
16.3
598
489
544
4000


188
181
10.2
0.958
0.0454
40.0




100.0%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1997
19.4
14.3
17.8
15.9
622
500
558
4000


193
190
9.8
0.984
0.0475
38.9




100.0%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1998
25.1
18.4
22.3
20.3
475
395
438
3656


143
151
11.7
1.054
0.0408
46.2


68.7%

31.3%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1999
25.1
18.4
22.1
20.2
473
399
439
3655


143
164
10.9
1.169
0.0447
46.3


68.9%

31.1%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2000
25.5
18.6
22.3
20.4
471
396
435
3633


139
162
10.5
1.176
0.0443
46.6


73.4%

26.6%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2001
26.1
18.9
22.6
20.8
465
392
428
3605


135
158
10.4
1.184
0.0437
47.2


79.0%

21.0%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2002
28.8
20.3
25.6
22.9
435
345
388
3543


148
164
10.1
1.107
0.0462
51.3


91.4%

8.6%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2003
29.7
20.7
26.3
23.5
429
338
378
3500


144
160
10.1
1.111
0.0457
52.0


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2004
29.4
20.1
26.5
23.2
442
336
382
3500


144
160
10.1
1.111
0.0457
51.4


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2005
29.7
20.3
26.3
23.3
439
337
381
3500


144
160
9.8
1.111
0.0457
51.9


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2006
29.7
20.3
26.3
23.3
439
337
381
3500


144
156
10.0
1.083
0.0446
51.9


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2007
29.9
20.1
27.1
23.6
441
328
377
3500


144
166
9.7
1.153
0.0474
52.3


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2008
29.7
20.0
27.0
23.5
444
329
378
3500
44.1

144
166
9.8
1.153
0.0474
52.0


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2009
29.7
20.0
27.0
23.5
444
329
378
3500
44.1

144
166
9.5
1.153
0.0474
52.0


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2010
31.0
21.0
27.7
24.4
424
320
365
3534
44.2

146
184
9.1
1.266
0.0520
54.7


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2011
30.9
20.9
27.3
24.2
425
325
368
3538
44.2

146
185
9.0
1.269
0.0521
54.7


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2012
32.3
21.4
29.2
25.2
411
303
352
3636
45.5

158
202
8.7
1.279
0.0553
58.8


89.0%
11.0%

Honda
Car
Car SUV
2013
33.0
21.9
29.7
25.8
405
299
345
3666
45.2

162
206
8.6
1.269
0.0558
60.4


94.7%
5.3%

Honda
Car
Car SUV
2014
33.4
22.2
29.9
26.0
399
297
342
3598
44.7

157
199
8.7
1.267
0.0550
60.1


97.2%
2.8%

Honda
Car
Car SUV
2015
37.1
24.8
31.8
28.4
353
279
313
3650
45.1

158
201
8.5
1.268
0.0548
68.0


96.6%
3.4%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-81	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
5.5%

14.6%
79.9%


50.6%
49.4%


99.5%
100.0%
2.7%
59.3%
40.7%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
1.0%

13.2%
85.7%


63.4%
36.6%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%
20.0%
80.0%

Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
4.0%

10.2%
85.8%


60.2%
39.6%


99.7%
99.7%
3.5%
20.2%
72.7%
7.1%
Honda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
8.3%

16.1%
75.5%


63.4%
36.5%


99.9%
99.9%
7.5%
26.6%
33.1%
40.3%
Honda
Car
Car SUV
1975
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1976
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1977
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1978
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1979
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1983
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1986
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1987
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1988
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1989
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1990
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1991
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1992
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1993
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1994
54.8%

45.2%




100.0%


73.8%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
1995
















Honda
Car
Car SUV
1996
17.2%

82.8%




100.0%


87.8%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
1997
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
1998
1.4%

98.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
1999
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
2000
0.8%

99.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
2001
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Car
Car SUV
2002
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


100.0%
91.4%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2015


19.5%
80.5%


80.5%
19.5%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-82	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2016
38.5
26.0
32.2
29.2
340
275
304
3465
44.1

135
182
9.0
1.342
0.0523
66.7


75.6%
24.4%

Honda
Car
Car SUV
2017
38.2
25.8
33.2
29.5
338
267
301
3590
46.2

124
205
8.2
1.784
0.0567
69.2


100.0%


Honda
Car
Car SUV
2018
38.7
26.0
32.6
29.4
338
272
302
3564
46.1

122
200
8.3
1.755
0.0558
69.4


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1975
31.4
24.5
30.0
26.7
362
293
332
2000


83
54

0.653
0.0271
31.5


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1976
32.6
25.6
31.0
27.8
344
284
320
2021


84
56

0.671
0.0278
33.2


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1977
35.5
28.2
33.2
30.2
307
261
294
2085


88
62

0.716
0.0300
37.9


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1978
33.7
27.4
30.3
28.6
321
290
310
2126


90
63
14.8
0.701
0.0297
36.3


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1979
29.0
23.4
26.5
24.7
378
332
360
2308


97
64
17.1
0.666
0.0279
33.6


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1980
29.2
23.4
26.8
24.8
374
325
358
2330


100
68
17.0
0.685
0.0293
34.2


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1981
30.8
24.9
27.9
26.2
352
312
340
2343


100
71
16.1
0.716
0.0305
36.3


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1982
33.4
27.0
30.3
28.4
324
287
313
2354


100
71
17.2
0.715
0.0304
39.7


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1983
35.3
28.2
32.5
30.0
310
269
296
2380


101
74
15.6
0.728
0.0309
42.3


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1984
35.2
27.7
33.3
29.9
315
264
297
2380


104
84
14.1
0.809
0.0354
42.2


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1985
33.8
26.6
32.0
28.8
327
274
309
2432


104
84
14.1
0.813
0.0347
41.4


98.3%
1.7%

Honda
Car
All
1986
33.6
26.2
31.8
28.5
332
276
312
2565


107
90
13.6
0.828
0.0347
43.3


98.1%
1.9%

Honda
Car
All
1987
32.8
25.4
31.1
27.7
342
282
320
2633


109
93
13.9
0.840
0.0348
43.4


99.2%
0.8%

Honda
Car
All
1988
31.8
24.4
30.0
26.7
353
289
332
2770


115
105
13.1
0.912
0.0375
44.4


99.5%
0.5%

Honda
Car
All
1989
31.3
23.9
29.4
26.2
362
296
339
2800


112
110
12.2
0.986
0.0392
44.1


95.9%
4.1%

Honda
Car
All
1990
30.4
23.1
28.3
25.4
374
309
350
2884


119
121
10.9
1.021
0.0418
44.2


99.7%
0.3%

Honda
Car
All
1991
30.3
22.9
28.2
25.2
377
310
353
2913


122
130
10.7
1.056
0.0440
44.5


99.6%

0.4%
Honda
Car
All
1992
30.9
22.8
29.4
25.7
374
294
346
3015


125
135
10.3
1.087
0.0446
47.3


99.8%

0.2%
Honda
Car
All
1993
32.2
23.6
30.2
26.5
363
287
335
2977


119
125
10.1
1.061
0.0418
48.3


99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
All
1994
31.9
23.3
29.9
26.2
373
292
339
3065


121
134
9.8
1.111
0.0434
49.2


99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
All
1995
32.8
23.7
30.6
26.8
364
285
331
2995


117
130
10.1
1.126
0.0434
49.5


99.9%

0.1%
Honda
Car
All
1996
31.6
22.7
29.5
25.8
381
295
345
3057


125
135
10.4
1.093
0.0440
48.7


98.8%

1.2%
Honda
Car
All
1997
32.0
22.8
29.6
26.0
379
295
342
3027


123
133
10.4
1.099
0.0439
48.8


99.1%

0.9%
Honda
Car
All
1998
31.7
22.4
29.5
25.7
387
297
346
3188


129
145
10.6
1.133
0.0450
50.8


99.0%

1.0%
Honda
Car
All
1999
30.6
21.4
28.6
24.8
406
307
359
3241


135
153
10.3
1.143
0.0469
49.8


98.5%

1.5%
Honda
Car
All
2000
30.8
21.4
28.7
24.8
406
305
358
3212


134
154
9.8
1.157
0.0474
49.7


98.0%

2.0%
Honda
Car
All
2001
31.9
22.0
29.6
25.6
392
293
347
3207


134
154
9.6
1.152
0.0476
51.7


97.9%

2.1%
Honda
Car
All
2002
31.8
21.7
29.5
25.4
398
296
349
3230


136
157
9.6
1.158
0.0482
51.8


98.6%

1.4%
Honda
Car
All
2003
32.6
21.7
30.8
26.0
395
284
342
3290


141
169
9.2
1.191
0.0508
54.3


99.1%

0.9%
Honda
Car
All
2004
32.6
21.7
30.4
25.9
398
288
343
3304


140
171
9.2
1.208
0.0509
54.4


99.1%

0.9%
Honda
Car
All
2005
32.7
21.6
30.5
25.9
399
287
343
3315


141
173
9.0
1.211
0.0513
54.9


96.4%
2.5%
1.1%
Honda
Car
All
2006
33.3
21.9
31.0
26.3
392
280
338
3343


139
177
8.9
1.266
0.0523
56.7


97.9%
1.5%
0.7%
Honda
Car
All
2007
33.5
22.1
31.1
26.4
391
281
336
3307


136
170
9.1
1.249
0.0510
56.2


99.0%
0.5%
0.5%
Honda
Car
All
2008
33.8
22.2
31.5
26.7
388
277
333
3349
44.9

138
175
9.1
1.264
0.0513
57.2


99.2%
0.5%
0.3%
Honda
Car
All
2009
34.2
22.5
31.7
27.0
385
276
330
3319
45.0

135
172
9.0
1.270
0.0510
57.2


98.8%
1.2%
0.0%
Honda
Car
All
2010
35.1
23.2
32.3
27.6
0
0
322
3321
44.8

135
175
9.0
1.291
0.0518
59.1


98.4%
1.6%

Honda
Car
All
2011
35.4
23.2
32.0
27.5
0
0
323
3358
45.1

137
173
9.1
1.258
0.0507
59.9


99.2%
0.8%

Honda
Car
All
2012
37.4
24.3
33.8
28.9
357
260
307
3309
45.0

136
172
9.1
1.264
0.0512
62.3


97.6%
2.4%

Honda
Car
All
2013
39.0
25.5
34.6
30.0
0
0
296
3310
44.9

136
175
8.9
1.283
0.0521
65.0


98.8%
1.2%

Honda
Car
All
2014
39.0
25.7
34.1
29.9
0
0
297
3402
45.6

142
183
8.5
1.291
0.0534
67.5


99.1%
0.9%

Honda
Car
All
2015
41.0
26.9
35.3
31.1
324
250
286
3329
45.0

136
177
8.5
1.301
0.0526
68.8


98.5%
1.5%

Honda
Car
All
2016
41.7
27.3
35.9
31.6
321
245
281
3306
45.3

133
180
8.5
1.376
0.0541
69.1


93.2%
6.8%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-83	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Car
Car SUV
2016
1.0%

7.0%
91.9%


49.5%
50.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2017


17.9%
82.1%


82.1%
17.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
Car SUV
2018


12.8%
87.2%


87.2%
12.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Car
All
1975
87.8%

12.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1976
88.9%
11.1%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1977
81.3%
18.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1978
82.0%

18.0%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1979
74.8%

25.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1980
58.0%
33.1%
8.9%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1981
73.6%
26.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1982
71.8%
28.2%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1983
64.5%
12.2%
23.3%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1984
64.5%

35.5%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1985
62.9%

37.1%


91.8%

8.2%





100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1986
63.1%

36.9%


63.0%

37.0%


69.9%


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1987
49.0%

51.0%


61.9%

38.1%


97.8%


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1988
47.8%

52.2%


34.6%

42.9%
22.5%

98.6%


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1989
46.3%

53.7%


26.0%

48.0%
26.0%

98.8%


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1990
41.2%

58.8%


0.6%

75.1%
24.3%

99.2%


100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1991
38.6%

61.4%




74.3%
25.7%

99.0%
0.4%

100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1992
35.2%

64.8%




100.0%


97.5%
3.8%

100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1993
35.5%

64.5%




100.0%


99.6%
14.4%

100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1994
35.7%

64.3%




100.0%


98.4%
36.2%




Honda
Car
All
1995
35.4%

64.6%




100.0%


98.9%
35.3%

100.0%


Honda
Car
All
1996
27.2%

72.6%
0.1%



100.0%


99.9%
28.4%




Honda
Car
All
1997
26.4%

72.8%
0.8%



100.0%


100.0%
31.1%




Honda
Car
All
1998
21.6%

77.8%
0.6%



100.0%


100.0%
64.2%




Honda
Car
All
1999
17.9%

81.8%
0.3%



100.0%


100.0%
70.5%




Honda
Car
All
2000
17.2%

82.6%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
71.6%
0.6%



Honda
Car
All
2001
15.9%

83.7%
0.3%



100.0%


100.0%
90.2%
0.4%



Honda
Car
All
2002
15.8%

84.0%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
95.5%
0.2%



Honda
Car
All
2003
13.3%

83.6%
3.0%



100.0%


96.4%
99.7%
3.7%



Honda
Car
All
2004
13.2%

84.6%
2.2%



100.0%


97.3%
99.0%
2.7%



Honda
Car
All
2005
11.4%

85.9%
2.7%



100.0%


96.9%
100.0%
5.5%



Honda
Car
All
2006
11.2%

85.1%
3.7%



100.0%


96.4%
100.0%
4.2%



Honda
Car
All
2007
10.6%

86.1%
3.3%



100.0%


96.7%
100.0%
3.7%



Honda
Car
All
2008
9.6%

87.2%
3.2%



100.0%


96.8%
100.0%
3.2%



Honda
Car
All
2009
6.4%

91.2%
2.3%



100.0%


97.7%
100.0%
2.3%



Honda
Car
All
2010
3.4%

90.3%
6.3%



100.0%


93.7%
100.0%
6.3%



Honda
Car
All
2011
4.2%

91.3%
4.5%



100.0%


97.4%
100.0%
5.5%



Honda
Car
All
2012
4.2%

93.7%
2.2%



100.0%


98.3%
100.0%
2.3%



Honda
Car
All
2013
4.6%

63.8%
31.6%


30.4%
69.6%


98.2%
100.0%
2.1%



Honda
Car
All
2014
3.2%

29.8%
67.1%


38.3%
61.6%


99.0%
99.9%
2.7%



Honda
Car
All
2015
4.7%

15.3%
80.0%


54.9%
45.1%


99.5%
100.0%
2.3%



Honda
Car
All
2016
1.0%

11.6%
87.3%


59.8%
40.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-84	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Car
All
2017
42.3
28.0
36.8
32.4
0
0
274
3339
45.9

129
181
8.3
1.454
0.0541
71.9


95.5%
4.5%

Honda
Car
All
2018
43.3
28.8
36.7
32.8
0
0
270
3342
46.3

112
183
8.0
1.680
0.0545
76.1


94.5%
5.5%

Honda
Truck
Van
1975





















Honda
Truck
Van
1976





















Honda
Truck
Van
1977





















Honda
Truck
Van
1978





















Honda
Truck
Van
1979





















Honda
Truck
Van
1980





















Honda
Truck
Van
1981





















Honda
Truck
Van
1982





















Honda
Truck
Van
1983





















Honda
Truck
Van
1984





















Honda
Truck
Van
1985





















Honda
Truck
Van
1986





















Honda
Truck
Van
1987





















Honda
Truck
Van
1988





















Honda
Truck
Van
1989





















Honda
Truck
Van
1990





















Honda
Truck
Van
1991





















Honda
Truck
Van
1992





















Honda
Truck
Van
1993





















Honda
Truck
Van
1994





















Honda
Truck
Van
1995
25.5
19.1
23.0
20.9
465
387
425
3500


132
140
11.3
1.061
0.0400
44.7


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
1996
28.5
20.5
26.6
23.3
433
334
382
3500


132
145
11.6
1.098
0.0414
49.8


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
1997
24.9
18.5
22.2
20.2
481
401
439
3500


132
130
12.4
0.985
0.0371
43.6


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
1998
27.0
19.3
24.9
21.9
460
357
405
3500


138
150
11.6
1.087
0.0429
47.2


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
1999
24.1
16.5
24.1
19.8
538
369
448
4500


212
205
10.5
0.967
0.0456
54.2


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2000
23.9
16.3
23.7
19.6
545
374
453
4500


212
205
10.1
0.967
0.0456
53.8


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2001
24.0
16.4
23.5
19.6
543
379
453
4500


212
205
9.9
0.967
0.0456
54.0


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2002
24.2
16.5
23.5
19.7
540
379
451
4500


212
240
8.9
1.132
0.0533
54.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2003
24.2
16.4
23.4
19.7
543
380
452
4500


212
240
CO
CO
1.132
0.0533
54.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2004
24.2
16.3
23.3
19.6
546
382
454
4500


212
240
CO
CO
1.132
0.0533
54.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2005
26.0
17.2
25.1
21.0
516
354
424
4500


212
255
8.4
1.203
0.0567
58.6


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2006
26.1
17.2
25.1
21.0
516
353
423
4500


212
244
8.7
1.151
0.0542
58.7


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2007
24.7
16.3
24.0
19.9
545
371
446
4500


212
244
CO
CO
1.151
0.0542
55.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2008
25.2
16.6
24.7
20.4
536
359
436
4500
54.7

212
242
8.9
1.141
0.0538
56.8


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2009
25.2
16.6
24.7
20.4
536
359
436
4835
54.7

212
242
9.1
1.141
0.0502
61.1


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2010
24.9
16.4
24.4
20.2
542
363
440
4840
54.7

214
244
9.1
1.140
0.0505
60.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2011
27.8
18.1
27.1
22.3
491
328
398
4500
55.9

214
248
8.6
1.159
0.0551
62.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2012
27.8
18.1
27.1
22.3
491
328
398
4500
55.9

214
248
8.6
1.161
0.0551
62.6


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2013
27.7
18.1
27.1
22.3
492
328
399
4500
55.9

214
248
8.6
1.161
0.0551
62.5


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2014
29.0
19.1
27.4
23.1
466
325
386
4500
55.9

214
248
8.4
1.161
0.0551
65.2


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2015
29.0
19.1
27.4
23.1
466
325
386
4500
55.9

214
248
8.4
1.161
0.0551
65.2


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2016
29.0
19.1
27.4
23.1
466
325
386
4500
55.9

214
248
8.4
1.161
0.0551
65.2


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Van
2017
29.0
19.1
27.7
23.2
466
321
383
4500
55.9

214
248
8.4
1.161
0.0551
65.2


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-85	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Car
All
2017
3.5%

11.2%
85.3%


62.9%
36.8%


99.8%
99.8%
3.1%



Honda
Car
All
2018
7.3%

15.7%
77.0%


66.3%
33.6%


99.9%
99.9%
6.5%



Honda
Truck
Van
1975
















Honda
Truck
Van
1976
















Honda
Truck
Van
1977
















Honda
Truck
Van
1978
















Honda
Truck
Van
1979
















Honda
Truck
Van
1980
















Honda
Truck
Van
1981
















Honda
Truck
Van
1982
















Honda
Truck
Van
1983
















Honda
Truck
Van
1984
















Honda
Truck
Van
1985
















Honda
Truck
Van
1986
















Honda
Truck
Van
1987
















Honda
Truck
Van
1988
















Honda
Truck
Van
1989
















Honda
Truck
Van
1990
















Honda
Truck
Van
1991
















Honda
Truck
Van
1992
















Honda
Truck
Van
1993
















Honda
Truck
Van
1994
















Honda
Truck
Van
1995


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Van
1996


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-86	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Truck
Van
2018
28.9
18.8
27.9
23.1
473
318
385
4565
55.2

214
280
7.1
1.311
0.0614
66.0


100.0%


Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
20.1
15.3
18.0
16.5
582
494
538
4000


193
175
9.9
0.907
0.0438
40.2



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.0
14.0
17.5
15.7
632
507
567
4500


193
190
10.5
0.984
0.0422
42.8




100.0%
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
25.1
18.8
22.0
20.4
465
399
437
3673


133
137
12.3
1.039
0.0371
46.4



82.7%
17.3%
Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
25.5
18.8
22.4
20.6
468
394
432
3606


134
141
12.2
1.051
0.0389
46.1



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
25.9
19.0
22.5
20.8
462
393
428
3587


132
156
11.3
1.191
0.0433
46.6



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
26.2
19.2
22.6
20.9
459
391
425
3611


128
153
11.0
1.200
0.0421
47.3



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
25.1
18.0
22.3
20.1
488
397
442
3865


152
178
10.2
1.181
0.0454
48.4



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
25.8
18.1
23.3
20.7
484
379
430
3824


166
185
9.9
1.116
0.0480
49.3



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
24.7
17.2
22.4
19.8
510
395
450
4061


177
202
9.6
1.136
0.0493
50.1


6.0%
94.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
24.4
16.8
22.2
19.5
521
399
457
4082


180
206
9.5
1.138
0.0499
49.7


4.4%
95.6%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
24.1
16.5
22.0
19.2
528
402
462
4095


181
214
9.2
1.169
0.0516
49.5


4.9%
95.1%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
24.5
16.7
22.4
19.5
524
395
455
4101


182
207
9.4
1.127
0.0498
50.2


19.5%
80.5%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
25.0
17.0
22.7
19.9
514
387
447
4231


177
215
9.4
1.216
0.0504
53.2


17.2%
82.8%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
25.3
17.3
22.8
20.1
505
385
442
4212
46.5

175
213
9.6
1.218
0.0501
53.7


14.2%
85.8%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
25.7
17.6
23.2
20.4
500
379
435
4244
47.6

179
217
9.3
1.209
0.0506
54.8


13.6%
86.4%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
27.0
18.3
24.5
21.4
479
359
415
4237
47.2

179
223
9.1
1.245
0.0524
57.4


16.1%
83.9%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
26.3
17.9
23.8
20.9
488
370
426
4321
47.9

185
226
9.1
1.227
0.0519
57.2


15.9%
84.1%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
28.1
18.9
25.5
22.2
461
343
400
4269
47.9

185
229
8.9
1.244
0.0533
60.2


12.8%
87.2%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
29.1
19.5
26.4
23.0
448
332
387
4145
47.3

180
222
8.9
1.236
0.0534
60.5


12.0%
88.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
30.4
20.3
27.6
23.9
433
320
372
4011
46.8

175
220
8.9
1.261
0.0547
61.0


11.1%
88.9%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
32.4
21.7
28.7
25.2
397
305
352
4118
47.0

175
219
CO
CO
1.251
0.0530
67.8


11.0%
89.0%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
31.9
21.2
28.2
24.7
410
313
360
4148
47.7

181
246
8.0
1.363
0.0591
66.7


13.9%
86.1%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
32.6
21.6
29.1
25.3
398
301
351
4040
48.5

164
242
7.9
1.592
0.0594
66.5


13.7%
86.3%

Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
33.9
22.5
29.5
26.0
383
298
341
3925
47.9

150
229
8.1
1.656
0.0579
67.2


11.4%
88.6%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-87	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Truck
Van
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
65.5%

34.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
9.5%

90.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
1.9%

98.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
13.8%

86.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
7.0%

93.0%




100.0%


100.0%
29.8%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


100.0%
98.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
4.2%

95.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



16.1%
83.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


43.1%
56.9%


67.6%
32.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


52.1%
47.9%


94.6%
5.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


56.4%
43.6%


91.0%
9.0%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%



Honda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


42.8%
57.2%


93.3%
6.7%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-88	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Truck
Pickup
1975





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1976





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1977





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1978





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1979





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1980





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1981





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1982





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1983





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1984





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1985





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1986





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1987





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1988





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1989





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1990





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1991





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1992





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1993





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1994





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1995





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1996





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1997





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1998





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1999





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2000





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2001





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2002





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2003





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2004





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2005





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2006
21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
609
447
517
4500


212
247
8.6
1.165
0.0549
48.1



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2007
21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
609
447
517
4500


212
247
8.7
1.165
0.0549
48.1



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2008
21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
609
447
517
4500
56.7

212
247
8.8
1.165
0.0549
48.1



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2009
22.0
15.0
20.4
17.6
593
437
504
4500
56.8

212
250
8.5
1.179
0.0556
49.4



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2010
22.0
15.0
20.4
17.6
593
437
504
4500
56.8

214
250
8.6
1.168
0.0556
49.4



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2011
22.0
15.0
20.4
17.7
591
436
503
4500
56.8

214
250
8.6
1.168
0.0556
49.4



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2012
22.6
15.5
20.8
18.1
573
428
490
5000
56.8

214
250
9.1
1.171
0.0500
56.5



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2013
22.6
15.5
20.8
18.1
573
428
490
5000
56.8

214
250
9.1
1.171
0.0500
56.5



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2014
22.6
15.5
20.8
18.1
573
428
490
5000
56.8

214
250
9.1
1.171
0.0500
56.5



100.0%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2015





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2016





















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2017
27.4
18.4
25.3
21.8
482
351
408
4500
57.4

214
280
7.7
1.311
0.0622
61.6


21.6%
78.4%

Honda
Truck
Pickup
2018
27.4
18.5
25.1
21.7
482
354
409
4500
57.4

214
280
7.7
1.311
0.0622
61.7


23.0%
77.0%

Honda
Truck
All
1975





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-89	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Truck
Pickup
1975
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1976
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1977
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1978
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1979
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1980
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1981
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1982
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1983
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1984
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1985
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1986
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1987
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1988
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1989
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1990
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1991
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1992
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1993
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1994
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1995
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1996
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1997
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1998
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
1999
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2000
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2001
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2002
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2003
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2004
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2005
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2015
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2016
















Honda
Truck
Pickup
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
Pickup
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
1975
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-90	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
Truck
All
1976





















Honda
Truck
All
1977





















Honda
Truck
All
1978





















Honda
Truck
All
1979





















Honda
Truck
All
1980





















Honda
Truck
All
1981





















Honda
Truck
All
1982





















Honda
Truck
All
1983





















Honda
Truck
All
1984





















Honda
Truck
All
1985





















Honda
Truck
All
1986





















Honda
Truck
All
1987





















Honda
Truck
All
1988





















Honda
Truck
All
1989





















Honda
Truck
All
1990





















Honda
Truck
All
1991





















Honda
Truck
All
1992





















Honda
Truck
All
1993





















Honda
Truck
All
1994
20.1
15.3
18.0
16.5
582
494
538
4000


193
175
9.9
0.907
0.0438
40.2



100.0%

Honda
Truck
All
1995
25.5
19.1
23.0
20.9
465
387
425
3500


132
140
11.3
1.061
0.0400
44.7


100.0%


Honda
Truck
All
1996
22.7
16.6
21.0
18.6
516
404
477
4010


163
168
11.0
1.040
0.0418
46.2


49.0%

51.0%
Honda
Truck
All
1997
25.1
18.7
22.1
20.3
468
399
437
3638


132
136
12.3
1.028
0.0371
45.8


19.9%
66.2%
13.8%
Honda
Truck
All
1998
25.7
18.9
22.7
20.7
466
389
429
3592


135
143
12.2
1.056
0.0394
46.2


13.2%
86.8%

Honda
Truck
All
1999
25.3
18.1
23.0
20.5
484
385
435
3888


159
172
11.1
1.117
0.0440
49.1


33.0%
67.0%

Honda
Truck
All
2000
24.9
17.5
23.2
20.2
503
382
440
4102


174
181
10.5
1.071
0.0440
50.9


55.2%
44.8%

Honda
Truck
All
2001
24.6
17.2
22.8
19.9
512
388
447
4165


181
191
10.1
1.080
0.0455
51.0


47.3%
52.7%

Honda
Truck
All
2002
25.0
17.3
23.4
20.2
509
379
440
4148


188
212
9.4
1.124
0.0506
51.8


48.0%
52.0%

Honda
Truck
All
2003
24.6
16.9
22.7
19.7
520
390
450
4198


188
214
9.3
1.135
0.0505
51.5


35.2%
64.8%

Honda
Truck
All
2004
24.3
16.7
22.4
19.5
528
395
456
4192


188
215
9.3
1.136
0.0508
51.0


29.5%
70.5%

Honda
Truck
All
2005
24.7
16.7
22.8
19.7
525
386
450
4218


191
226
8.9
1.179
0.0531
52.3


33.9%
66.1%

Honda
Truck
All
2006
24.5
16.6
22.8
19.6
531
386
453
4273


195
223
9.1
1.139
0.0518
52.5


41.9%
58.1%

Honda
Truck
All
2007
24.5
16.6
22.8
19.6
531
386
452
4341


191
227
9.2
1.191
0.0520
53.5


42.7%
57.3%

Honda
Truck
All
2008
24.9
16.9
23.0
19.9
520
382
447
4310
49.5

187
223
9.3
1.194
0.0515
54.0


35.3%
64.7%

Honda
Truck
All
2009
25.4
17.2
23.4
20.3
511
377
438
4387
49.5

188
224
9.2
1.192
0.0507
56.0


32.4%
67.6%

Honda
Truck
All
2010
26.2
17.6
24.3
20.9
497
362
425
4410
49.6

190
230
9.1
1.214
0.0520
58.0


38.6%
61.4%

Honda
Truck
All
2011
26.4
17.9
24.2
21.0
491
363
423
4361
49.7

191
231
9.0
1.212
0.0526
58.0


31.7%
68.3%

Honda
Truck
All
2012
27.8
18.6
25.8
22.1
472
340
402
4358
50.5

194
235
CO
CO
1.218
0.0537
60.8


38.4%
61.6%

Honda
Truck
All
2013
28.5
19.0
26.3
22.6
460
334
393
4246
49.3

188
228
8.9
1.219
0.0536
60.7


28.5%
71.5%

Honda
Truck
All
2014
29.8
19.9
27.3
23.5
443
323
378
4151
49.2

185
227
CO
CO
1.235
0.0547
61.9


32.1%
67.9%

Honda
Truck
All
2015
31.5
21.0
28.4
24.7
411
310
360
4207
49.1

184
226
8.7
1.230
0.0535
67.2


31.8%
68.2%

Honda
Truck
All
2016
31.2
20.7
28.0
24.3
422
316
366
4229
49.6

189
246
8.1
1.317
0.0582
66.3


33.7%
66.3%

Honda
Truck
All
2017
31.9
21.1
28.7
24.9
408
306
358
4104
49.7

171
245
7.9
1.545
0.0594
66.0


18.7%
81.3%

Honda
Truck
All
2018
31.9
21.1
28.8
24.9
409
306
357
4139
50.5

172
246
7.8
1.539
0.0591
66.5


37.2%
62.8%

Honda
All
All
1975
31.4
24.5
30.0
26.7
362
293
332
2000


83
54

0.653
0.0271
31.5


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1976
32.6
25.6
31.0
27.8
344
284
320
2021


84
56

0.671
0.0278
33.2


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-91	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
Truck
All
1976
















Honda
Truck
All
1977
















Honda
Truck
All
1978
















Honda
Truck
All
1979
















Honda
Truck
All
1980
















Honda
Truck
All
1981
















Honda
Truck
All
1982
















Honda
Truck
All
1983
















Honda
Truck
All
1984
















Honda
Truck
All
1985
















Honda
Truck
All
1986
















Honda
Truck
All
1987
















Honda
Truck
All
1988
















Honda
Truck
All
1989
















Honda
Truck
All
1990
















Honda
Truck
All
1991
















Honda
Truck
All
1992
















Honda
Truck
All
1993
















Honda
Truck
All
1994
65.5%

34.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
All
1995


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
All
1996
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
All
1997
1.5%

98.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
All
1998
13.4%

86.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Honda
Truck
All
1999
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


100.0%
33.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2000
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


100.0%
55.2%




Honda
Truck
All
2001
3.7%

96.3%




100.0%


100.0%
63.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2002
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
98.9%




Honda
Truck
All
2003
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2004
3.1%

96.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2005
2.1%

97.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2006
1.5%

98.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2007
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2008
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2009
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2010
0.0%

100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2013


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



11.9%
88.1%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2015


56.4%
43.6%


51.8%
48.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2016


63.1%
36.9%


72.9%
27.1%


100.0%
100.0%




Honda
Truck
All
2017


62.5%
37.5%


87.3%
12.7%


100.0%
100.0%
0.4%



Honda
Truck
All
2018


62.2%
37.8%


95.6%
4.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



Honda
All
All
1975
87.8%

12.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1976
88.9%
11.1%



100.0%







100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-92	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Honda
All
All
1977
35.5
28.2
33.2
30.2
307
261
294
2085


88
62

0.716
0.0300
37.9


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1978
33.7
27.4
30.3
28.6
321
290
310
2126


90
63
14.8
0.701
0.0297
36.3


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1979
29.0
23.4
26.5
24.7
378
332
360
2308


97
64
17.1
0.666
0.0279
33.6


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1980
29.2
23.4
26.8
24.8
374
325
358
2330


100
68
17.0
0.685
0.0293
34.2


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1981
30.8
24.9
27.9
26.2
352
312
340
2343


100
71
16.1
0.716
0.0305
36.3


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1982
33.4
27.0
30.3
28.4
324
287
313
2354


100
71
17.2
0.715
0.0304
39.7


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1983
35.3
28.2
32.5
30.0
310
269
296
2380


101
74
15.6
0.728
0.0309
42.3


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1984
35.2
27.7
33.3
29.9
315
264
297
2380


104
84
14.1
0.809
0.0354
42.2


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1985
33.8
26.6
32.0
28.8
327
274
309
2432


104
84
14.1
0.813
0.0347
41.4


98.3%
1.7%

Honda
All
All
1986
33.6
26.2
31.8
28.5
332
276
312
2565


107
90
13.6
0.828
0.0347
43.3


98.1%
1.9%

Honda
All
All
1987
32.8
25.4
31.1
27.7
342
282
320
2633


109
93
13.9
0.840
0.0348
43.4


99.2%
0.8%

Honda
All
All
1988
31.8
24.4
30.0
26.7
353
289
332
2770


115
105
13.1
0.912
0.0375
44.4


99.5%
0.5%

Honda
All
All
1989
31.3
23.9
29.4
26.2
362
296
339
2800


112
110
12.2
0.986
0.0392
44.1


95.9%
4.1%

Honda
All
All
1990
30.4
23.1
28.3
25.4
374
309
350
2884


119
121
10.9
1.021
0.0418
44.2


99.7%
0.3%

Honda
All
All
1991
30.3
22.9
28.2
25.2
377
310
353
2913


122
130
10.7
1.056
0.0440
44.5


99.6%

0.4%
Honda
All
All
1992
30.9
22.8
29.4
25.7
374
294
346
3015


125
135
10.3
1.087
0.0446
47.3


99.8%

0.2%
Honda
All
All
1993
32.2
23.6
30.2
26.5
363
287
335
2977


119
125
10.1
1.061
0.0418
48.3


99.9%

0.1%
Honda
All
All
1994
31.5
23.0
29.5
25.9
375
294
343
3084


123
134
9.8
1.107
0.0434
49.0


97.9%
2.0%
0.1%
Honda
All
All
1995
32.4
23.5
30.2
26.5
368
288
335
3016


118
131
10.1
1.124
0.0432
49.3


99.9%

0.1%
Honda
All
All
1996
31.0
22.3
28.9
25.3
386
300
351
3106


127
137
10.4
1.090
0.0439
48.6


96.2%

3.8%
Honda
All
All
1997
31.0
22.3
28.5
25.2
388
304
353
3097


124
134
10.6
1.091
0.0431
48.4


90.0%
7.6%
2.4%
Honda
All
All
1998
30.9
22.0
28.6
25.0
394
305
355
3231


129
144
10.7
1.125
0.0444
50.3


89.7%
9.4%
0.9%
Honda
All
All
1999
29.6
20.8
27.5
23.9
417
317
371
3345


139
156
10.4
1.139
0.0465
49.7


87.9%
10.8%
1.2%
Honda
All
All
2000
29.4
20.5
27.5
23.8
421
317
374
3381


142
159
9.9
1.141
0.0468
49.9


89.8%
8.5%
1.6%
Honda
All
All
2001
29.9
20.6
27.7
24.0
414
311
370
3428


145
162
9.7
1.135
0.0471
51.5


86.3%
12.1%
1.6%
Honda
All
All
2002
29.8
20.4
27.7
23.9
421
313
372
3462


149
171
9.6
1.149
0.0488
51.8


85.8%
13.1%
1.1%
Honda
All
All
2003
29.1
19.7
27.2
23.3
434
316
382
3626


159
186
9.2
1.170
0.0507
53.3


75.5%
24.0%
0.6%
Honda
All
All
2004
28.9
19.5
26.9
23.1
438
320
385
3633


158
187
9.2
1.182
0.0508
53.1


73.3%
26.2%
0.6%
Honda
All
All
2005
29.1
19.4
27.0
23.1
439
318
384
3659


160
193
9.0
1.199
0.0520
53.9


72.6%
26.8%
0.7%
Honda
All
All
2006
28.9
19.3
26.9
23.0
441
317
386
3735


163
196
9.0
1.213
0.0521
54.9


74.3%
25.3%
0.4%
Honda
All
All
2007
29.3
19.5
27.2
23.3
436
315
382
3713


158
193
9.1
1.226
0.0514
55.2


76.9%
22.8%
0.3%
Honda
All
All
2008
30.1
20.0
27.9
23.9
426
307
372
3681
46.5

155
191
9.2
1.240
0.0514
56.1


77.1%
22.7%
0.2%
Honda
All
All
2009
31.1
20.7
28.8
24.6
414
299
361
3626
46.3

150
187
9.1
1.248
0.0510
56.9


79.7%
20.3%
0.0%
Honda
All
All
2010
31.5
21.0
29.1
24.9
0
0
357
3686
46.4

154
193
9.0
1.265
0.0518
58.8


78.4%
21.6%

Honda
All
All
2011
30.4
20.2
27.7
23.9
0
0
372
3848
47.4

164
201
9.0
1.236
0.0516
59.0


66.3%
33.7%

Honda
All
All
2012
33.7
22.1
30.7
26.3
387
281
338
3645
46.8

154
192
9.0
1.249
0.0520
61.9


78.6%
21.4%

Honda
All
All
2013
34.9
23.0
31.5
27.2
0
0
327
3606
46.3

153
192
8.9
1.263
0.0526
63.7


76.6%
23.4%

Honda
All
All
2014
34.7
23.0
31.0
27.0
0
0
329
3701
47.0

159
201
8.6
1.269
0.0539
65.2


72.3%
27.7%

Honda
All
All
2015
37.0
24.5
32.5
28.5
350
268
312
3639
46.5

153
194
8.6
1.276
0.0529
68.3


74.9%
25.1%

Honda
All
All
2016
36.7
24.2
32.2
28.2
355
270
315
3680
47.0

155
207
8.3
1.352
0.0558
68.0


69.1%
30.9%

Honda
All
All
2017
38.1
25.2
33.6
29.4
0
0
302
3595
47.1

143
203
8.1
1.484
0.0559
69.9


69.8%
30.2%

Honda
All
All
2018
38.6
25.5
33.5
29.5
0
0
300
3618
47.8

133
205
7.9
1.631
0.0561
72.8


74.6%
25.4%

Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975





















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976





















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-93	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Honda
All
All
1977
81.3%
18.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1978
82.0%

18.0%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1979
74.8%

25.2%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1980
58.0%
33.1%
8.9%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1981
73.6%
26.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1982
71.8%
28.2%



100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1983
64.5%
12.2%
23.3%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1984
64.5%

35.5%


100.0%







100.0%


Honda
All
All
1985
62.9%

37.1%


91.8%

8.2%





100.0%


Honda
All
All
1986
63.1%

36.9%


63.0%

37.0%


69.9%


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1987
49.0%

51.0%


61.9%

38.1%


97.8%


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1988
47.8%

52.2%


34.6%

42.9%
22.5%

98.6%


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1989
46.3%

53.7%


26.0%

48.0%
26.0%

98.8%


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1990
41.2%

58.8%


0.6%

75.1%
24.3%

99.2%


100.0%


Honda
All
All
1991
38.6%

61.4%




74.3%
25.7%

99.0%
0.4%

100.0%


Honda
All
All
1992
35.2%

64.8%




100.0%


97.5%
3.8%

100.0%


Honda
All
All
1993
35.5%

64.5%




100.0%


99.6%
14.4%

100.0%


Honda
All
All
1994
36.3%

63.7%




100.0%


98.4%
35.5%




Honda
All
All
1995
34.0%

66.0%




100.0%


98.9%
33.9%




Honda
All
All
1996
26.1%

73.8%
0.1%



100.0%


99.9%
27.0%




Honda
All
All
1997
23.6%

75.7%
0.7%



100.0%


100.0%
27.6%




Honda
All
All
1998
20.7%

78.8%
0.5%



100.0%


100.0%
57.2%




Honda
All
All
1999
16.5%

83.2%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
64.4%




Honda
All
All
2000
14.9%

84.9%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
68.5%
0.5%



Honda
All
All
2001
13.1%

86.6%
0.3%



100.0%


100.0%
84.0%
0.3%



Honda
All
All
2002
12.5%

87.3%
0.2%



100.0%


100.0%
96.4%
0.2%



Honda
All
All
2003
9.5%

88.6%
1.9%



100.0%


97.7%
99.8%
2.3%



Honda
All
All
2004
9.4%

89.2%
1.4%



100.0%


98.3%
99.4%
1.7%



Honda
All
All
2005
7.8%

90.5%
1.6%



100.0%


98.1%
100.0%
3.4%



Honda
All
All
2006
7.1%

90.8%
2.1%



100.0%


97.9%
100.0%
2.4%



Honda
All
All
2007
6.7%

91.4%
2.0%



100.0%


98.0%
100.0%
2.2%



Honda
All
All
2008
6.4%

91.5%
2.1%



100.0%


97.9%
100.0%
2.1%



Honda
All
All
2009
4.6%

93.7%
1.7%



100.0%


98.3%
100.0%
1.7%



Honda
All
All
2010
2.3%

93.6%
4.2%



100.0%


95.8%
100.0%
4.2%



Honda
All
All
2011
2.2%

95.5%
2.3%



100.0%


98.7%
100.0%
2.8%



Honda
All
All
2012
2.8%

95.7%
1.5%



100.0%


98.8%
100.0%
1.5%



Honda
All
All
2013
3.1%

75.2%
21.6%


20.8%
79.2%


98.8%
100.0%
1.5%



Honda
All
All
2014
1.9%

57.8%
40.3%


27.7%
72.2%


99.4%
100.0%
1.6%



Honda
All
All
2015
3.1%

29.8%
67.2%


53.8%
46.2%


99.7%
100.0%
1.5%



Honda
All
All
2016
0.6%

32.5%
66.9%


65.1%
34.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



Honda
All
All
2017
2.3%

28.3%
69.3%


71.1%
28.8%


99.9%
99.9%
2.2%



Honda
All
All
2018
4.8%

31.8%
63.4%


76.4%
23.5%


99.9%
99.9%
4.3%



Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
















Hyundai
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-94	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985





















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
34.9
27.9
31.6
29.5
318
279
301
2500

94.2
90
68
16.0
0.756
0.0272
43.7
3296
4120
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
34.5
27.5
30.9
29.0
322
285
306
2500

94.2
90
68
16.4
0.756
0.0272
43.2
3259
4073
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
34.3
27.2
30.5
28.7
326
289
310
2500

94.2
90
68
16.7
0.756
0.0272
43.0
3240
4050
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
33.1
25.2
31.3
27.8
349
280
320
2580

97.4
99
75
15.6
0.758
0.0287
42.9
3239
4170
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
33.1
25.2
30.7
27.6
346
285
322
2636

99.1
103
89
12.9
0.873
0.0335
43.8
3310
4335
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
32.7
24.6
30.4
27.1
354
289
328
2632

99.1
103
89
13.1
0.877
0.0335
43.2
3268
4272
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
31.1
23.0
29.3
25.7
378
300
345
2776

100.0
102
99
12.4
0.982
0.0353
43.2
3139
4323
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
31.0
23.0
28.9
25.6
379
304
347
2790

101.0
105
104
11.3
0.991
0.0370
43.4
3167
4384
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
32.7
23.8
30.8
26.9
369
285
330
2666

98.9
98
98
11.3
0.992
0.0365
43.8
3268
4329
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
30.9
22.1
29.5
25.4
394
294
350
2813

103.8
110
112
11.2
1.031
0.0396
43.7
3262
4535
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
32.7
23.0
31.6
26.8
381
279
332
2720

105.8
102
109
11.4
1.061
0.0397
44.6
3484
4713
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
31.0
21.8
29.9
25.4
403
294
351
2820

105.4
108
116
11.1
1.076
0.0409
43.9
3303
4621
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
30.6
21.4
29.1
24.9
409
302
357
2831

105.4
108
115
11.6
1.058
0.0402
43.5
3259
4576
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
30.5
20.9
29.6
24.8
420
298
358
2948

107.2
118
126
11.0
1.066
0.0424
44.9
3274
4818
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
30.0
20.4
29.1
24.4
431
303
365
3024

106.7
120
130
10.5
1.080
0.0426
45.4
3217
4842
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
31.0
21.0
29.8
25.0
418
296
355
3072

106.4
123
132
10.2
1.077
0.0428
47.6
3324
5072
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
30.8
20.8
29.5
24.8
423
298
358
3101

107.9
128
135
10.4
1.061
0.0432
47.8
3353
5161
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
30.1
20.2
28.5
24.1
434
309
369
3162

106.9
133
141
10.0
1.068
0.0443
47.7
3254
5100
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
29.2
19.5
27.7
23.4
447
318
380
3247

108.8
139
146
9.9
1.061
0.0448
47.6
3224
5184
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
30.2
20.0
28.1
24.0
437
313
371
3179

110.2
134
142
10.0
1.073
0.0446
48.1
3365
5297
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
29.8
19.6
28.4
23.8
448
312
373
3524

116.3
163
186
9.0
1.143
0.0520
52.4
3490
6118
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
32.1
21.1
30.0
25.4
412
294
350
3384

115.2
149
170
9.5
1.138
0.0493
54.3
3740
6264
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
33.8
22.4
31.1
26.6
392
284
334
3220
43.8
113.6
135
153
10.0
1.133
0.0467
54.4
3870
6191
100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
33.8
22.2
31.4
26.7
394
281
333
3351
44.6
116.9
144
171
9.2
1.183
0.0501
56.5
3972
6614
93.9%

6.1%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
35.9
23.8
32.5
28.1
368
272
316
3184
44.7
113.8
132
157
9.7
1.175
0.0485
57.2
4124
6520
90.7%

9.3%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
36.4
23.0
33.6
28.1
379
262
317
3396
47.1
117.3
140
194
8.3
1.386
0.0564
62.3
4326
7301
93.0%

7.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
37.7
24.8
34.3
29.5
350
256
302
3282
46.2
114.7
132
186
8.4
1.412
0.0557
62.3
4384
7151
92.0%

8.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
38.7
25.4
35.2
30.2
343
250
294
3216
46.0
113.6
126
178
8.5
1.413
0.0547
62.6
4442
7112
94.4%

5.6%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
38.0
24.7
34.2
29.4
353
258
303
3206
45.9
113.8
127
176
8.5
1.393
0.0543
61.5
4384
7005
96.0%

4.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
37.2
24.2
33.9
28.9
359
259
308
3388
47.3
116.6
138
187
8.4
1.361
0.0543
63.7
4431
7446
90.5%
2.6%
6.9%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
39.9
25.9
35.5
30.6
335
248
290
3209
46.1
114.3
125
168
8.7
1.352
0.0520
64.9
4641
7452
95.9%
1.1%
3.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
41.3
27.0
37.4
32.1
0
0
277
3179
46.0
113.8
127
163
CO
CO
1.282
0.0508
67.1
4818
7662
96.8%
1.2%
2.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
41.5
27.1
36.5
31.7
0
0
279
3290
46.7
116.4
131
168
8.7
1.283
0.0506
71.4
5086
8343
95.4%
2.3%
2.3%
Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1975





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1976





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1977





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1978





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-95	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
















Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
74.6%
25.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
63.3%

36.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
59.5%

40.5%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
47.1%

52.9%


84.0%

16.0%





84.0%
16.0%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
42.1%
6.0%
51.9%




100.0%





78.9%
21.1%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
39.1%
7.8%
53.2%




100.0%





81.5%
18.5%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
36.4%
8.4%
55.2%




100.0%


24.7%


85.3%
14.7%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
33.7%
7.0%
59.3%




100.0%


52.6%


85.4%
14.6%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
40.8%
1.1%
58.2%




100.0%


98.9%


98.2%
1.8%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
29.8%

70.2%




100.0%


89.9%


77.0%
23.0%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
28.6%

71.4%




100.0%


97.7%


88.5%
11.5%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
27.5%

72.5%




100.0%


94.8%
4.5%

82.7%
17.3%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
22.5%

77.5%




100.0%


96.4%
7.1%

81.8%
18.2%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
24.7%

75.3%




100.0%


100.0%
51.9%

81.1%
18.9%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
18.7%

81.3%




100.0%


100.0%
56.5%

79.9%
20.1%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
21.6%

78.4%




100.0%


100.0%
47.2%

75.5%
24.5%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
15.9%

84.1%




100.0%


100.0%
38.4%

68.1%
31.9%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
16.1%

83.9%




100.0%


100.0%
45.4%

72.0%
28.0%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
12.1%

87.9%




100.0%


100.0%
37.8%

56.1%
43.9%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
12.3%

87.7%




100.0%


100.0%
46.7%

22.2%
77.8%

Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


100.0%
90.8%

12.4%
29.5%
58.1%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%


100.0%
46.1%

20.5%
28.2%
51.3%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
8.1%

91.9%




100.0%


100.0%
36.5%

22.9%
40.5%
36.6%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

21.2%
21.4%
57.5%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
6.5%

93.5%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

28.5%
43.3%
28.3%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
2.6%
2.5%
94.9%



62.0%
38.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.5%
12.1%
20.9%
67.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
4.3%
4.4%
91.3%



62.7%
37.3%


100.0%
100.0%
4.4%
25.4%
31.7%
42.9%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
4.0%
2.7%
93.3%



51.4%
48.6%


100.0%
100.0%
2.7%
17.9%
46.9%
35.3%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
4.4%
2.8%
92.8%



67.6%
32.4%


100.0%
100.0%
2.8%
22.6%
40.3%
37.1%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
1.9%
6.5%
91.6%



72.4%
27.6%


100.0%
100.0%
3.3%
15.1%
30.1%
54.8%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
2.9%
8.1%
88.9%



68.3%
31.7%


100.0%
100.0%
4.0%
23.9%
41.3%
34.8%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
1.2%
8.1%
90.7%



53.1%
46.8%


99.9%
99.9%
4.5%
16.7%
52.3%
31.0%
Hyunda

Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
2.2%
10.8%
87.1%



60.1%
39.6%


99.8%
99.8%
7.5%
5.5%
45.4%
49.2%
Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1975
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1976
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1977
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1978
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-96	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1979





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1980





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1981





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1982





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1983





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1984





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1985





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1986





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1987





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1988





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1989





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1990





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1991





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1992





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1993





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1994





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1995





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1996





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1997





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1998





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1999





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2000





















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2001
25.9
17.8
24.7
21.0
500
359
423
4000


154
157
10.9
1.019
0.0393
51.8


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2002
25.3
17.3
24.0
20.5
513
370
434
4000


157
164
10.8
1.040
0.0411
50.7


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2003
25.6
17.6
23.8
20.6
504
372
432
4000


163
164
10.6
1.008
0.0410
51.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2004
25.0
17.0
23.3
20.1
518
380
443
4000


169
168
10.5
0.996
0.0420
50.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2005
25.4
17.4
23.1
20.2
510
383
439
3922


162
171
10.2
1.060
0.0435
49.9


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2006
25.7
17.6
23.3
20.4
505
381
435
3903


157
168
10.4
1.073
0.0429
50.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2007
26.0
17.8
23.4
20.6
498
380
432
3956


175
203
9.4
1.156
0.0510
51.3


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2008
26.1
17.8
23.8
20.8
498
373
428
3978
46.9

175
201
9.5
1.149
0.0503
52.0


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2009
26.4
18.0
23.9
21.0
492
372
424
3949
46.8

174
202
9.2
1.158
0.0509
52.1


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2010
30.4
20.5
27.6
24.0
430
320
370
3901
46.7

167
202
8.9
1.210
0.0516
59.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2011
30.4
20.3
27.4
23.8
435
322
373
3833
46.4

166
202
CO
CO
1.221
0.0526
58.3


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2012
30.3
20.2
27.5
23.8
439
320
373
3812
46.3

164
199
CO
CO
1.216
0.0520
57.8


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2013
30.3
20.4
27.7
24.0
434
319
370
3858
46.8

138
209
8.6
1.542
0.0540
58.4


73.8%
26.2%

Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2014
29.3
19.8
26.3
23.0
448
337
386
3883
47.0

139
204
CO
CO
1.488
0.0525
56.9


71.7%
28.3%

Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2015
29.7
20.1
26.5
23.3
0
0
382
3835
46.7

139
196
9.0
1.424
0.0511
57.0


71.3%
28.7%

Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2016
32.1
21.9
27.7
24.9
0
0
357
3822
46.8

121
181
9.3
1.527
0.0473
61.9


57.6%
42.4%

Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2017
31.8
21.7
27.9
24.9
0
0
357
3852
47.0

127
181
9.4
1.457
0.0470
61.6


55.1%
44.9%

Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2018
31.3
21.4
27.2
24.4
414
325
365
3856
47.0

130
185
9.3
1.448
0.0478
60.6


57.3%
42.7%

Hyunda

Car
All
1975





















Hyunda

Car
All
1976





















Hyunda

Car
All
1977





















Hyunda

Car
All
1978





















Hyunda

Car
All
1979





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-97	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1979
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1980
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1981
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1982
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1983
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1984
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1985
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1986
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1987
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1988
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1989
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1990
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1991
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1992
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1993
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1994
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1995
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1996
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1997
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1998
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
1999
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2000
















Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2001
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2002
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2003
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2004
4.2%

95.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2005
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2006
4.5%

95.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2007
2.3%

97.7%




100.0%


100.0%
8.1%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2008
1.8%

98.2%




100.0%


100.0%
50.1%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2009
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


100.0%
51.7%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2010
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2011
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2012
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2013
0.1%

99.9%



71.5%
28.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2015

0.1%
99.9%



99.9%



99.9%
99.9%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2016

34.6%
65.4%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2017

21.0%
79.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
Car SUV
2018

11.1%
88.9%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
All
1975
















Hyunda

Car
All
1976
















Hyunda

Car
All
1977
















Hyunda

Car
All
1978
















Hyunda

Car
All
1979
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-98	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

Car
All
1980





















Hyunda

Car
All
1981





















Hyunda

Car
All
1982





















Hyunda

Car
All
1983





















Hyunda

Car
All
1984





















Hyunda

Car
All
1985





















Hyunda

Car
All
1986
34.9
27.9
31.6
29.5
318
279
301
2500


90
68
16.0
0.756
0.0272
43.7


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1987
34.5
27.5
30.9
29.0
322
285
306
2500


90
68
16.4
0.756
0.0272
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1988
34.3
27.2
30.5
28.7
326
289
310
2500


90
68
16.7
0.756
0.0272
43.0


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1989
33.1
25.2
31.3
27.8
349
280
320
2580


99
75
15.6
0.758
0.0287
42.9


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1990
33.1
25.2
30.7
27.6
346
285
322
2636


103
89
12.9
0.873
0.0335
43.8


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1991
32.7
24.6
30.4
27.1
354
289
328
2632


103
89
13.1
0.877
0.0335
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1992
31.1
23.0
29.3
25.7
378
300
345
2776


102
99
12.4
0.982
0.0353
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1993
31.0
23.0
28.9
25.6
379
304
347
2790


105
104
11.3
0.991
0.0370
43.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1994
32.7
23.8
30.8
26.9
369
285
330
2666


98
98
11.3
0.992
0.0365
43.8


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1995
30.9
22.1
29.5
25.4
394
294
350
2813


110
112
11.2
1.031
0.0396
43.7


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1996
32.7
23.0
31.6
26.8
381
279
332
2720


102
109
11.4
1.061
0.0397
44.6


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1997
31.0
21.8
29.9
25.4
403
294
351
2820


108
116
11.1
1.076
0.0409
43.9


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1998
30.6
21.4
29.1
24.9
409
302
357
2831


108
115
11.6
1.058
0.0402
43.5


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1999
30.5
20.9
29.6
24.8
420
298
358
2948


118
126
11.0
1.066
0.0424
44.9


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2000
30.0
20.4
29.1
24.4
431
303
365
3024


120
130
10.5
1.080
0.0426
45.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2001
30.5
20.7
29.2
24.6
425
301
361
3158


126
135
10.3
1.072
0.0425
48.0


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2002
30.0
20.2
28.6
24.2
433
306
368
3218


132
139
10.4
1.059
0.0429
48.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2003
29.3
19.8
27.7
23.5
442
317
378
3279


137
144
10.1
1.059
0.0438
48.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2004
28.2
18.9
26.6
22.6
461
330
394
3413


146
151
10.1
1.046
0.0442
48.2


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2005
28.8
19.3
26.7
22.9
453
328
388
3364


141
149
10.0
1.070
0.0443
48.5


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2006
29.0
19.2
27.3
23.1
457
322
385
3593


162
183
9.2
1.130
0.0503
52.0


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2007
30.0
20.0
27.7
23.8
434
315
374
3554


157
180
9.4
1.143
0.0498
53.4


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2008
31.7
21.2
29.1
25.1
411
300
354
3386
44.5

143
163
9.9
1.137
0.0475
53.8


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
2009
32.3
21.4
29.9
25.6
407
293
348
3448
45.0

148
176
9.2
1.179
0.0502
55.8


94.9%

5.1%
Hyunda

Car
All
2010
34.9
23.2
31.7
27.4
376
278
325
3294
45.0

138
164
9.5
1.181
0.0490
57.5


92.2%

7.8%
Hyunda

Car
All
2011
35.4
22.6
32.6
27.4
386
269
325
3459
47.0

144
195
8.4
1.362
0.0558
61.7


94.0%

6.0%
Hyunda

Car
All
2012
36.6
24.1
33.3
28.6
359
262
311
3348
46.2

136
187
8.4
1.388
0.0552
61.8


93.0%

7.0%
Hyunda

Car
All
2013
37.4
24.7
34.1
29.3
352
257
303
3294
46.1

128
182
8.5
1.428
0.0546
62.1


91.9%
3.2%
4.9%
Hyunda

Car
All
2014
35.8
23.5
32.2
27.8
370
271
320
3346
46.1

130
182
8.5
1.413
0.0539
60.5


91.0%
5.9%
3.2%
Hyunda

Car
All
2015
36.0
23.5
32.7
28.0
0
0
317
3448
47.2

138
188
8.5
1.370
0.0539
62.8


88.0%
6.1%
5.9%
Hyunda

Car
All
2016
37.8
24.9
33.4
29.1
0
0
305
3349
46.3

124
171
CO
CO
1.392
0.0509
64.3


87.2%
10.5%
2.3%
Hyunda

Car
All
2017
37.6
25.0
33.7
29.3
0
0
303
3399
46.3

127
169
9.0
1.339
0.0495
65.3


83.2%
15.5%
1.3%
Hyunda

Car
All
2018
37.1
24.7
32.5
28.6
0
0
311
3497
46.8

130
174
8.9
1.344
0.0496
67.5


81.5%
17.1%
1.4%
Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-99	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

Car
All
1980
















Hyunda

Car
All
1981
















Hyunda

Car
All
1982
















Hyunda

Car
All
1983
















Hyunda

Car
All
1984
















Hyunda

Car
All
1985
















Hyunda

Car
All
1986
74.6%
25.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1987
63.3%

36.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1988
59.5%

40.5%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

Car
All
1989
47.1%

52.9%


84.0%

16.0%





84.0%
16.0%

Hyunda

Car
All
1990
42.1%
6.0%
51.9%




100.0%





78.9%
21.1%

Hyunda

Car
All
1991
39.1%
7.8%
53.2%




100.0%





81.5%
18.5%

Hyunda

Car
All
1992
36.4%
8.4%
55.2%




100.0%


24.7%


85.3%
14.7%

Hyunda

Car
All
1993
33.7%
7.0%
59.3%




100.0%


52.6%


85.4%
14.6%

Hyunda

Car
All
1994
40.8%
1.1%
58.2%




100.0%


98.9%


98.2%
1.8%

Hyunda

Car
All
1995
29.8%

70.2%




100.0%


89.9%


77.0%
23.0%

Hyunda

Car
All
1996
28.6%

71.4%




100.0%


97.7%


88.5%
11.5%

Hyunda

Car
All
1997
27.5%

72.5%




100.0%


94.8%
4.5%

82.7%
17.3%

Hyunda

Car
All
1998
22.5%

77.5%




100.0%


96.4%
7.1%

81.8%
18.2%

Hyunda

Car
All
1999
24.7%

75.3%




100.0%


100.0%
51.9%

81.1%
18.9%

Hyunda

Car
All
2000
18.7%

81.3%




100.0%


100.0%
56.5%

79.9%
20.1%

Hyunda

Car
All
2001
20.4%

79.6%




100.0%


100.0%
42.8%




Hyunda

Car
All
2002
14.2%

85.8%




100.0%


100.0%
33.4%




Hyunda

Car
All
2003
14.8%

85.2%




100.0%


100.0%
39.1%




Hyunda

Car
All
2004
10.3%

89.7%




100.0%


100.0%
29.5%




Hyunda

Car
All
2005
9.9%

90.1%




100.0%


100.0%
35.0%




Hyunda

Car
All
2006
5.8%

94.2%




100.0%


100.0%
74.3%




Hyunda

Car
All
2007
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


100.0%
34.8%




Hyunda

Car
All
2008
6.7%

93.3%




100.0%


100.0%
39.4%




Hyunda

Car
All
2009
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
92.2%




Hyunda

Car
All
2010
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Car
All
2011
2.4%
2.1%
95.5%



53.1%
46.9%


100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



Hyunda

Car
All
2012
3.8%
3.8%
92.4%



54.9%
45.1%


100.0%
100.0%
3.8%



Hyunda

Car
All
2013
3.5%
2.4%
94.1%



53.9%
46.1%


100.0%
100.0%
2.4%



Hyunda

Car
All
2014
3.5%
2.3%
94.3%



74.3%
25.7%


100.0%
100.0%
2.3%



Hyunda

Car
All
2015
1.6%
5.6%
92.7%



76.1%
23.9%


100.0%
100.0%
2.8%



Hyunda

Car
All
2016
2.3%
14.2%
83.5%



75.5%
24.5%


100.0%
100.0%
3.1%



Hyunda

Car
All
2017
0.8%
12.3%
86.8%



68.4%
31.5%


99.9%
99.9%
3.1%



Hyunda

Car
All
2018
1.4%
10.9%
87.8%



74.7%
25.1%


99.9%
99.9%
4.8%



Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-100	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1998





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1999





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2000





















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2001
24.0
17.0
21.8
19.3
523
408
460
4000


162
173
10.5
1.068
0.0433
47.9



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2002
23.5
16.5
21.7
19.0
540
410
468
4000


162
173
10.6
1.068
0.0433
47.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2003
23.3
16.2
21.3
18.7
548
416
475
4000


173
178
10.3
1.034
0.0445
46.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2004
22.8
15.8
20.7
18.3
560
427
486
4000


184
185
10.0
1.012
0.0462
45.8



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2005
23.0
15.7
21.3
18.4
566
417
482
4000


179
180
10.1
1.012
0.0450
46.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2006
22.9
15.6
21.3
18.4
570
418
484
4208


183
182
10.3
1.003
0.0433
48.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2007
24.5
16.7
22.4
19.5
532
396
455
4397


184
213
9.7
1.152
0.0482
53.8



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2008
24.6
16.6
22.9
19.7
536
387
452
4425
47.2

190
218
9.6
1.148
0.0492
54.4



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2009
24.9
16.8
23.1
19.9
528
385
447
4469
47.0

184
213
9.7
1.158
0.0477
55.6



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2010
29.2
19.8
26.3
23.0
446
337
386
3944
46.9

173
211
8.9
1.217
0.0534
57.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2011
28.7
19.5
25.3
22.5
452
350
396
3911
46.7

178
220
8.6
1.226
0.0559
56.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2012
28.5
19.4
25.4
22.5
456
348
396
3841
46.4

171
209
8.8
1.220
0.0542
54.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2013
28.1
18.9
25.6
22.2
468
346
400
3843
47.0

173
230
8.3
1.315
0.0592
53.9


26.6%
73.4%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2014
27.3
18.5
24.3
21.4
478
365
415
3968
47.5

178
246
8.0
1.368
0.0613
54.1


33.5%
66.5%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2015
27.5
18.7
24.1
21.5
472
368
414
3934
47.0

169
231
8.4
1.355
0.0579
53.9


24.2%
75.8%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2016
26.4
17.7
23.6
20.6
502
376
431
4341
49.2

201
290
7.4
1.440
0.0670
57.2


49.4%
50.6%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2017
26.4
17.7
23.7
20.7
502
374
430
4342
49.2

201
290
7.4
1.440
0.0670
57.3


52.2%
47.8%

Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2018
29.1
19.7
25.5
22.6
435
341
393
4041
47.5

174
249
8.0
1.431
0.0607
59.3


54.9%
45.1%

Hyunda

Truck
All
1975





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1976





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1977





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1978





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1979





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1980





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1981





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-101	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1998
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
1999
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2000
















Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2007
2.5%

97.5%




100.0%


100.0%
6.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


100.0%
57.7%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
50.5%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



47.7%
52.3%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
Truck SUV
2018

10.8%
89.2%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
1975
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1976
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1977
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1978
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1979
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1980
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1981
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-102	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

Truck
All
1982





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1983





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1984





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1985





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1986





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1987





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1988





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1989





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1990





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1991





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1992





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1993





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1994





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1995





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1996





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1997





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1998





















Hyunda

Truck
All
1999





















Hyunda

Truck
All
2000





















Hyunda

Truck
All
2001
24.0
17.0
21.8
19.3
523
408
460
4000


162
173
10.5
1.068
0.0433
47.9



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2002
23.5
16.5
21.7
19.0
540
410
468
4000


162
173
10.6
1.068
0.0433
47.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2003
23.3
16.2
21.3
18.7
548
416
475
4000


173
178
10.3
1.034
0.0445
46.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2004
22.8
15.8
20.7
18.3
560
427
486
4000


184
185
10.0
1.012
0.0462
45.8



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2005
23.0
15.7
21.3
18.4
566
417
482
4000


179
180
10.1
1.012
0.0450
46.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2006
22.9
15.6
21.3
18.4
570
418
484
4208


183
182
10.3
1.003
0.0433
48.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2007
24.5
16.7
22.4
19.5
532
396
455
4397


184
213
9.7
1.152
0.0482
53.8



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2008
24.6
16.6
22.9
19.7
536
387
452
4425
47.2

190
218
9.6
1.148
0.0492
54.4



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2009
24.9
16.8
23.1
19.9
528
385
447
4469
47.0

184
213
9.7
1.158
0.0477
55.6



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2010
29.2
19.8
26.3
23.0
446
337
386
3944
46.9

173
211
8.9
1.217
0.0534
57.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2011
28.7
19.5
25.3
22.5
452
350
396
3911
46.7

178
220
8.6
1.226
0.0559
56.1



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2012
28.5
19.4
25.4
22.5
456
348
396
3841
46.4

171
209
CO
CO
1.220
0.0542
54.7



100.0%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2013
28.1
18.9
25.6
22.2
468
346
400
3843
47.0

173
230
8.3
1.315
0.0592
53.9


26.6%
73.4%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2014
27.3
18.5
24.3
21.4
478
365
415
3968
47.5

178
246
8.0
1.368
0.0613
54.1


33.5%
66.5%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2015
27.5
18.7
24.1
21.5
472
368
414
3934
47.0

169
231
8.4
1.355
0.0579
53.9


24.2%
75.8%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2016
26.4
17.7
23.6
20.6
502
376
431
4341
49.2

201
290
7.4
1.440
0.0670
57.2


49.4%
50.6%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2017
26.4
17.7
23.7
20.7
502
374
430
4342
49.2

201
290
7.4
1.440
0.0670
57.3


52.2%
47.8%

Hyunda

Truck
All
2018
29.1
19.7
25.5
22.6
435
341
393
4041
47.5

174
249
8.0
1.431
0.0607
59.3


54.9%
45.1%

Hyunda

All
All
1975





















Hyunda

All
All
1976





















Hyunda

All
All
1977





















Hyunda

All
All
1978





















Hyunda

All
All
1979





















Hyunda

All
All
1980





















Hyunda

All
All
1981





















Hyunda

All
All
1982





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-103	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

Truck
All
1982
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1983
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1984
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1985
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1986
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1987
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1988
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1989
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1990
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1991
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1992
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1993
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1994
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1995
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1996
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1997
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1998
















Hyunda

Truck
All
1999
















Hyunda

Truck
All
2000
















Hyunda

Truck
All
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Hyunda

Truck
All
2007
2.5%

97.5%




100.0%


100.0%
6.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2008
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


100.0%
57.7%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2009
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
50.5%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2013


100.0%



47.7%
52.3%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2014


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

Truck
All
2018

10.8%
89.2%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

All
All
1975
















Hyunda

All
All
1976
















Hyunda

All
All
1977
















Hyunda

All
All
1978
















Hyunda

All
All
1979
















Hyunda

All
All
1980
















Hyunda

All
All
1981
















Hyunda

All
All
1982
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-104	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type





Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain






Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot














Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Hyunda

All
All
1983





















Hyunda

All
All
1984





















Hyunda

All
All
1985





















Hyunda

All
All
1986
34.9
27.9
31.6
29.5
318
279
301
2500


90
68
16.0
0.756
0.0272
43.7


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1987
34.5
27.5
30.9
29.0
322
285
306
2500


90
68
16.4
0.756
0.0272
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1988
34.3
27.2
30.5
28.7
326
289
310
2500


90
68
16.7
0.756
0.0272
43.0


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1989
33.1
25.2
31.3
27.8
349
280
320
2580


99
75
15.6
0.758
0.0287
42.9


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1990
33.1
25.2
30.7
27.6
346
285
322
2636


103
89
12.9
0.873
0.0335
43.8


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1991
32.7
24.6
30.4
27.1
354
289
328
2632


103
89
13.1
0.877
0.0335
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1992
31.1
23.0
29.3
25.7
378
300
345
2776


102
99
12.4
0.982
0.0353
43.2


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1993
31.0
23.0
28.9
25.6
379
304
347
2790


105
104
11.3
0.991
0.0370
43.4


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1994
32.7
23.8
30.8
26.9
369
285
330
2666


98
98
11.3
0.992
0.0365
43.8


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1995
30.9
22.1
29.5
25.4
394
294
350
2813


110
112
11.2
1.031
0.0396
43.7


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1996
32.7
23.0
31.6
26.8
381
279
332
2720


102
109
11.4
1.061
0.0397
44.6


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1997
31.0
21.8
29.9
25.4
403
294
351
2820


108
116
11.1
1.076
0.0409
43.9


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1998
30.6
21.4
29.1
24.9
409
302
357
2831


108
115
11.6
1.058
0.0402
43.5


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1999
30.5
20.9
29.6
24.8
420
298
358
2948


118
126
11.0
1.066
0.0424
44.9


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
2000
30.0
20.4
29.1
24.4
431
303
365
3024


120
130
10.5
1.080
0.0426
45.4


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
2001
29.9
20.3
28.5
24.1
431
306
368
3218


129
137
10.3
1.071
0.0426
48.0


92.9%
7.1%

Hyunda

All
All
2002
29.2
19.8
27.8
23.6
441
313
377
3291


135
142
10.4
1.060
0.0429
48.1


90.7%
9.3%

Hyunda

All
All
2003
28.5
19.3
26.8
22.8
453
326
389
3365


141
148
10.1
1.056
0.0439
48.0


88.0%
12.0%

Hyunda

All
All
2004
27.5
18.5
25.8
22.0
471
338
404
3479


150
155
10.1
1.043
0.0444
48.0


88.8%
11.2%

Hyunda

All
All
2005
28.2
18.9
26.1
22.5
461
334
396
3417


144
152
10.0
1.065
0.0443
48.3


91.6%
CO

Hyunda

All
All
2006
28.7
19.1
27.0
22.9
460
325
388
3612


162
183
9.3
1.126
0.0501
51.9


96.8%
3.2%

Hyunda

All
All
2007
29.2
19.6
27.0
23.2
443
322
383
3647


160
183
9.5
1.144
0.0496
53.4


88.9%
11.1%

Hyunda

All
All
2008
30.9
20.6
28.4
24.4
420
307
364
3486
44.7

148
168
9.8
1.138
0.0477
53.9


90.4%
9.6%

Hyunda

All
All
2009
31.7
21.0
29.3
25.1
414
298
355
3520
45.1

151
179
9.3
1.178
0.0500
55.8


88.2%
7.0%
4.7%
Hyunda

All
All
2010
34.4
22.9
31.2
27.0
381
282
329
3343
45.1

140
167
9.5
1.183
0.0493
57.6


85.2%
7.5%
7.3%
Hyunda

All
All
2011
34.7
22.3
31.8
26.9
391
274
330
3495
47.0

147
197
8.4
1.351
0.0558
61.2


86.4%
8.1%
5.5%
Hyunda

All
All
2012
35.8
23.7
32.6
28.0
365
267
317
3384
46.2

138
189
8.5
1.375
0.0552
61.3


86.2%
7.4%
6.5%
Hyunda

All
All
2013
37.0
24.5
33.7
29.0
355
259
307
3313
46.2

129
184
8.5
1.424
0.0548
61.8


89.6%
5.6%
4.8%
Hyunda

All
All
2014
35.1
23.1
31.5
27.2
376
276
327
3390
46.2

133
186
8.5
1.410
0.0545
60.1


86.9%
10.1%
3.0%
Hyunda

All
All
2015
35.3
23.1
31.9
27.5
0
0
324
3480
47.2

140
191
8.5
1.369
0.0541
62.3


83.8%
10.6%
5.6%
Hyunda

All
All
2016
37.4
24.6
33.0
28.8
0
0
309
3376
46.3

126
174
CO
CO
1.393
0.0514
64.1


86.1%
11.7%
2.2%
Hyunda

All
All
2017
36.7
24.4
32.8
28.6
0
0
311
3458
46.5

132
176
8.9
1.346
0.0506
64.8


81.3%
17.5%
1.2%
Hyunda

All
All
2018
36.2
24.1
31.7
27.9
0
0
318
3546
46.9

134
181
CO
CO
1.351
0.0506
66.7


79.1%
19.6%
1.3%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
26.5
20.9
24.9
22.5
423
355
395
2346


83
58

0.699
0.0248
31.2


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
29.7
23.8
27.3
25.3
371
322
352
2366


88
61

0.696
0.0259
35.3


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
30.2
23.5
28.9
25.7
374
304
346
2353

90.0
97
65

0.674
0.0278
35.8
2737
3235
100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
29.9
23.5
28.5
25.5
372
306
349
2376

89.6
97
67
15.4
0.691
0.0283
36.0
2709
3216
100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
29.5
23.2
28.1
25.2
380
310
353
2404

93.0
97
67
17.0
0.691
0.0279
35.8
2761
3320
60.0%
40.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
28.1
21.7
27.6
24.0
402
317
370
2402

97.0
99
69
16.9
0.694
0.0286
34.2
2761
3310
66.0%
34.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
31.3
24.9
28.9
26.6
354
301
334
2400

98.0
107
70
16.4
0.658
0.0294
37.8
3083
3698
72.7%
27.3%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
31.7
25.2
29.4
26.9
351
298
330
2526

98.6
108
71
18.0
0.655
0.0280
40.1
3136
3957
73.6%
26.4%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
31.3
24.7
29.4
26.6
358
300
334
2557

98.8
108
73
16.4
0.675
0.0286
40.1
3098
3960
69.4%
30.6%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-105	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Hyunda

All
All
1983
















Hyunda

All
All
1984
















Hyunda

All
All
1985
















Hyunda

All
All
1986
74.6%
25.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1987
63.3%

36.7%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1988
59.5%

40.5%


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


Hyunda

All
All
1989
47.1%

52.9%


84.0%

16.0%





84.0%
16.0%

Hyunda

All
All
1990
42.1%
6.0%
51.9%




100.0%





78.9%
21.1%

Hyunda

All
All
1991
39.1%
7.8%
53.2%




100.0%





81.5%
18.5%

Hyunda

All
All
1992
36.4%
8.4%
55.2%




100.0%


24.7%


85.3%
14.7%

Hyunda

All
All
1993
33.7%
7.0%
59.3%




100.0%


52.6%


85.4%
14.6%

Hyunda

All
All
1994
40.8%
1.1%
58.2%




100.0%


98.9%


98.2%
1.8%

Hyunda

All
All
1995
29.8%

70.2%




100.0%


89.9%


77.0%
23.0%

Hyunda

All
All
1996
28.6%

71.4%




100.0%


97.7%


88.5%
11.5%

Hyunda

All
All
1997
27.5%

72.5%




100.0%


94.8%
4.5%

82.7%
17.3%

Hyunda

All
All
1998
22.5%

77.5%




100.0%


96.4%
7.1%

81.8%
18.2%

Hyunda

All
All
1999
24.7%

75.3%




100.0%


100.0%
51.9%

81.1%
18.9%

Hyunda

All
All
2000
18.7%

81.3%




100.0%


100.0%
56.5%

79.9%
20.1%

Hyunda

All
All
2001
18.9%

81.1%




100.0%


100.0%
39.8%




Hyunda

All
All
2002
12.9%

87.1%




100.0%


100.0%
30.3%




Hyunda

All
All
2003
13.0%

87.0%




100.0%


100.0%
34.4%




Hyunda

All
All
2004
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


100.0%
26.2%




Hyunda

All
All
2005
9.1%

90.9%




100.0%


100.0%
32.1%




Hyunda

All
All
2006
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


100.0%
71.9%




Hyunda

All
All
2007
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


100.0%
31.6%




Hyunda

All
All
2008
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%


100.0%
41.2%




Hyunda

All
All
2009
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%


100.0%
89.2%




Hyunda

All
All
2010
5.2%

94.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Hyunda

All
All
2011
2.2%
2.0%
95.8%



48.8%
51.2%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%



Hyunda

All
All
2012
3.5%
3.5%
92.9%



50.9%
49.1%


100.0%
100.0%
3.5%



Hyunda

All
All
2013
3.4%
2.3%
94.3%



53.7%
46.3%


100.0%
100.0%
2.3%



Hyunda

All
All
2014
3.2%
2.1%
94.7%



76.1%
23.9%


100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



Hyunda

All
All
2015
1.5%
5.3%
93.2%



77.6%
22.4%


100.0%
100.0%
2.7%



Hyunda

All
All
2016
2.2%
13.8%
84.0%



76.2%
23.8%


100.0%
100.0%
3.0%



Hyunda

All
All
2017
0.8%
11.6%
87.7%



70.4%
29.5%


99.9%
99.9%
2.9%



Hyunda

All
All
2018
1.2%
10.9%
87.9%



77.0%
22.9%


99.9%
99.9%
4.3%



Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
91.3%
8.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
63.9%
36.1%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
81.0%
19.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
84.0%
16.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
86.6%
13.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
81.2%
18.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
72.1%

27.9%


98.6%

1.4%





100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-106	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
31.1
24.6
29.2
26.5
359
300
336
2583

97.9
108
73
16.4
0.679
0.0285
40.4
3063
3954
66.7%
33.3%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
30.5
24.2
28.4
25.9
364
309
343
2632

106.3
109
86
14.7
0.791
0.0327
40.3
3251
4287
62.3%
37.7%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
30.1
23.9
27.8
25.5
370
317
348
2672

106.7
108
89
13.9
0.819
0.0332
40.4
3222
4300
61.0%
39.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
29.5
23.2
27.1
24.8
376
322
358
2727

108.7
107
90
14.3
0.842
0.0329
40.4
3226
4383
52.9%
47.1%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
31.4
24.7
28.5
26.3
351
304
338
2613

104.7
104
90
14.2
0.863
0.0342
41.2
3326
4317
57.7%
42.3%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
31.5
24.7
28.2
26.3
351
310
338
2621

102.4
102
88
14.0
0.865
0.0334
41.5
3262
4250
67.2%
32.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
28.0
21.2
26.4
23.4
413
334
379
3080

114.4
124
116
11.9
0.933
0.0376
43.1
3215
4943
46.5%
53.5%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
28.2
21.2
26.4
23.5
411
333
378
3079

113.0
123
115
12.2
0.932
0.0372
43.4
3203
4922
14.3%
85.7%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
28.1
20.9
26.3
23.3
420
335
382
3188

112.9
131
147
10.6
1.148
0.0463
44.7
3194
5057
45.1%
54.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
29.2
21.6
27.4
24.1
409
323
368
3037

109.6
122
117
10.9
0.957
0.0385
44.3
3202
4872
33.1%
66.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
28.2
20.5
26.6
23.2
428
332
383
3172

113.0
129
127
10.5
0.976
0.0398
44.7
3205
5077
45.0%
55.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
28.5
20.6
27.1
23.4
431
328
379
3193

115.5
132
132
11.0
1.000
0.0416
45.5
3289
5269
14.1%
85.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.4
19.7
25.9
22.5
449
342
395
3333

123.1
140
142
10.7
1.012
0.0426
45.7
3379
5647
0.2%
99.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
28.0
19.9
26.4
22.9
444
335
388
3325

122.8
143
152
10.2
1.060
0.0456
46.5
3439
5728
0.9%
99.1%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
27.8
19.9
25.7
22.6
446
344
393
3363

123.8
145
155
10.4
1.069
0.0461
46.8
3446
5806
0.0%
100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
27.6
19.5
25.6
22.4
454
346
397
3396

123.5
145
157
10.3
1.083
0.0463
46.9
3410
5803

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
28.0
19.8
25.5
22.5
449
348
394
3431

122.5
148
163
9.6
1.095
0.0475
48.0
3426
5893

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
27.7
19.4
25.3
22.3
457
351
399
3776

124.2
154
170
9.8
1.106
0.0453
52.3
3443
6525

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
27.2
18.9
25.0
21.8
470
356
407
3698

116.8
147
185
9.2
1.287
0.0504
50.4
3185
5922

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
27.3
18.7
25.1
21.8
475
353
407
3749

120.2
150
180
9.4
1.215
0.0483
51.1
3281
6178

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
26.9
18.3
24.9
21.5
484
356
413
3706

116.5
149
192
9.1
1.308
0.0521
50.1
3154
5882

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
27.3
18.5
25.0
21.7
477
353
409
3575

119.0
151
198
8.7
1.317
0.0553
49.1
3283
5865

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
28.0
18.9
25.5
22.2
467
348
401
3544

118.6
152
194
CO
CO
1.277
0.0547
49.8
3338
5913

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
28.4
19.3
25.7
22.5
460
345
396
3531

115.6
151
188
9.0
1.244
0.0532
50.2
3293
5812

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
28.7
19.4
26.1
22.7
456
340
391
3533
42.6
118.1
151
182
9.2
1.204
0.0514
50.8
3400
6002

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
28.9
19.6
26.1
22.8
453
340
389
3518
44.4
115.9
151
179
9.2
1.185
0.0507
50.8
3352
5893

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
30.2
20.5
27.2
23.8
432
325
373
3519
44.2
113.7
156
181
8.9
1.163
0.0514
53.5
3467
6097

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
30.2
20.4
27.1
23.7
433
326
375
3520
44.2
113.9
156
194
8.6
1.247
0.0550
53.7
3485
6130

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
35.2
23.5
31.0
27.2
372
283
326
3451
44.3
116.2
138
170
9.1
1.235
0.0493
61.8
4173
7185

100.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
35.7
23.7
31.2
27.5
368
280
323
3413
44.0
113.8
136
178
8.9
1.300
0.0522
62.0
4147
7090

91.5%
8.5%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
36.1
24.0
31.6
27.8
364
278
319
3462
44.1
115.0
136
172
9.1
1.268
0.0498
63.6
4234
7346

94.6%
5.4%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
37.0
24.4
32.5
28.5
357
269
312
3554
44.7
115.5
138
186
CO
CO
1.361
0.0524
67.1
4382
7806

96.2%
3.8%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
36.7
24.2
32.3
28.3
359
270
315
3571
44.7
115.6
138
189
8.7
1.390
0.0530
67.0
4360
7792

97.3%
2.7%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
36.6
24.3
32.9
28.6
357
265
311
3670
45.1
115.8
136
189
CO
CO
1.407
0.0520
68.8
4365
8029

96.9%
3.1%
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
37.6
24.8
33.0
28.9
352
265
307
3675
45.1
116.5
135
179
9.1
1.332
0.0488
70.5
4493
8262

97.0%
3.0%
Subaru
Car
All
1975
26.5
20.9
24.9
22.5
423
355
395
2346


83
58

0.699
0.0248
31.2


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1976
29.7
23.8
27.3
25.3
371
322
352
2366


88
61

0.696
0.0259
35.3


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1977
30.2
23.5
28.9
25.7
374
304
346
2353


97
65

0.674
0.0278
35.8


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1978
29.9
23.5
28.5
25.5
372
306
349
2376


97
67
15.4
0.691
0.0283
36.0


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1979
29.5
23.2
28.1
25.2
380
310
353
2404


97
67
17.0
0.691
0.0279
35.8


60.0%
40.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1980
28.1
21.7
27.6
24.0
402
317
370
2402


99
69
16.9
0.694
0.0286
34.2


66.0%
34.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1981
31.3
24.9
28.9
26.6
354
301
334
2400


107
70
16.4
0.658
0.0294
37.8


72.7%
27.3%

Subaru
Car
All
1982
31.7
25.2
29.4
26.9
351
298
330
2526


108
71
18.0
0.655
0.0280
40.1


73.6%
26.4%

Subaru
Car
All
1983
31.3
24.7
29.4
26.6
358
300
334
2557


108
73
16.4
0.675
0.0286
40.1


69.4%
30.6%

Subaru
Car
All
1984
31.1
24.6
29.2
26.5
359
300
336
2583


108
73
16.4
0.679
0.0285
40.4


66.7%
33.3%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-107	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
67.1%

32.9%


96.6%

3.4%





100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
63.1%
10.8%
26.1%


74.3%

25.7%





91.0%
9.0%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
62.8%
11.8%
25.4%


55.3%

26.4%
18.2%




100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
55.7%
17.2%
27.0%


42.0%

20.8%
37.1%

5.8%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
61.1%
11.8%
27.0%


24.8%

19.7%
55.5%

20.5%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
40.5%
8.9%
37.3%
13.2%

27.8%

16.7%
55.5%

26.2%


79.9%
20.1%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
35.2%
4.0%
58.5%
2.3%

2.0%

74.7%
23.3%

74.9%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
32.6%
4.5%
59.3%
3.6%

2.7%

71.6%
25.7%

72.6%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
32.7%
5.6%
61.5%
0.2%

0.7%

81.4%
17.9%

65.2%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
32.0%
1.5%
65.9%
0.6%



85.7%
14.3%

85.7%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
35.7%
1.3%
63.0%




100.0%


41.0%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%


53.9%
46.1%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
28.1%

71.9%




100.0%


100.0%


31.8%
68.2%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
25.9%

74.1%




100.0%


100.0%


35.5%
64.5%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%


31.8%
68.2%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%


33.1%
66.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%


29.4%
70.6%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
18.8%

81.2%




100.0%


100.0%


22.2%
77.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
36.4%

63.6%




100.0%


100.0%


50.6%
49.4%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
25.6%

74.4%




100.0%


100.0%


37.3%
62.7%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
35.0%

65.0%




100.0%


100.0%
12.1%

50.5%
49.5%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%


100.0%
31.8%

43.2%
56.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


100.0%
33.3%

50.4%
49.6%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


100.0%
33.5%

55.1%
44.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
23.7%

76.3%




100.0%


100.0%
12.8%

57.3%
42.7%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
20.3%

79.7%




100.0%


100.0%
44.2%

65.4%
34.6%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
19.5%

40.9%
39.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

52.3%
47.7%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
24.6%

30.5%
44.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

49.2%
50.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
17.3%

2.4%
80.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

63.2%
36.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
23.8%

4.2%
72.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

69.1%
30.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
20.3%

2.1%
77.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

68.2%
31.8%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
22.3%

0.9%
76.8%


14.3%
85.7%


100.0%
100.0%

59.9%
40.1%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
23.2%

0.7%
76.1%


15.1%
84.9%


100.0%
100.0%

61.4%
38.6%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
23.5%

0.8%
75.7%


56.7%
43.3%


100.0%
100.0%

50.1%
49.9%

Subaru
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
18.7%

0.7%
80.6%


58.6%
41.4%


100.0%
100.0%

48.2%
51.8%

Subaru
Car
All
1975
91.3%
8.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1976
63.9%
36.1%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1977
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1978
81.0%
19.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1979
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1980
84.0%
16.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1981
86.6%
13.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1982
81.2%
18.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1983
72.1%

27.9%


98.6%

1.4%





100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1984
67.1%

32.9%


96.6%

3.4%





100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-108	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
Car
All
1985
30.5
24.2
28.4
25.9
364
309
343
2632


109
86
14.7
0.791
0.0327
40.3


62.3%
37.7%

Subaru
Car
All
1986
30.1
23.9
27.8
25.5
370
317
348
2672


108
89
13.9
0.819
0.0332
40.4


61.0%
39.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1987
29.5
23.2
27.1
24.8
376
322
358
2727


107
90
14.3
0.842
0.0329
40.4


52.9%
47.1%

Subaru
Car
All
1988
31.4
24.7
28.5
26.3
351
304
338
2613


104
90
14.2
0.863
0.0342
41.2


57.7%
42.3%

Subaru
Car
All
1989
31.5
24.7
28.2
26.3
351
310
338
2621


102
88
14.0
0.865
0.0334
41.5


67.2%
32.8%

Subaru
Car
All
1990
28.0
21.2
26.4
23.4
413
334
379
3080


124
116
11.9
0.933
0.0376
43.1


46.5%
53.5%

Subaru
Car
All
1991
28.2
21.2
26.4
23.5
411
333
378
3079


123
115
12.2
0.932
0.0372
43.4


14.3%
85.7%

Subaru
Car
All
1992
28.1
20.9
26.3
23.3
420
335
382
3188


131
147
10.6
1.148
0.0463
44.7


45.1%
54.9%

Subaru
Car
All
1993
29.2
21.6
27.4
24.1
409
323
368
3037


122
117
10.9
0.957
0.0385
44.3


33.1%
66.9%

Subaru
Car
All
1994
28.2
20.5
26.6
23.2
428
332
383
3172


129
127
10.5
0.976
0.0398
44.7


45.0%
55.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1995
28.5
20.6
27.1
23.4
431
328
379
3193


132
132
11.0
1.000
0.0416
45.5


14.1%
85.9%

Subaru
Car
All
1996
27.4
19.7
25.9
22.5
449
342
395
3333


140
142
10.7
1.012
0.0426
45.7


0.2%
99.8%

Subaru
Car
All
1997
28.0
19.9
26.4
22.9
444
335
388
3325


143
152
10.2
1.060
0.0456
46.5


0.9%
99.1%

Subaru
Car
All
1998
27.8
19.9
25.7
22.6
446
344
393
3363


145
155
10.4
1.069
0.0461
46.8


0.0%
100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1999
27.6
19.5
25.6
22.4
454
346
397
3396


145
157
10.3
1.083
0.0463
46.9



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2000
28.0
19.8
25.5
22.5
449
348
394
3431


148
163
9.6
1.095
0.0475
48.0



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2001
27.7
19.4
25.3
22.3
457
351
399
3776


154
170
9.8
1.106
0.0453
52.3



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2002
27.2
18.9
25.0
21.8
470
356
407
3698


147
185
9.2
1.287
0.0504
50.4



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2003
27.3
18.7
25.1
21.8
475
353
407
3749


150
180
9.4
1.215
0.0483
51.1



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2004
26.9
18.3
24.9
21.5
484
356
413
3706


149
192
9.1
1.308
0.0521
50.1



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2005
27.3
18.5
25.0
21.7
477
353
409
3575


151
198
8.7
1.317
0.0553
49.1



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2006
28.0
18.9
25.5
22.2
467
348
401
3544


152
194
CO
CO
1.277
0.0547
49.8



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2007
28.4
19.3
25.7
22.5
460
345
396
3531


151
188
9.0
1.244
0.0532
50.2



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2008
28.7
19.4
26.1
22.7
456
340
391
3533
42.6

151
182
9.2
1.204
0.0514
50.8



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2009
28.9
19.6
26.1
22.8
453
340
389
3518
44.4

151
179
9.2
1.185
0.0507
50.8



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2010
30.2
20.5
27.2
23.8
432
325
373
3519
44.2

156
181
8.9
1.163
0.0514
53.5



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2011
30.2
20.4
27.1
23.7
433
326
375
3520
44.2

156
194
8.6
1.247
0.0550
53.7



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2012
35.2
23.5
31.0
27.2
372
283
326
3451
44.3

138
170
9.1
1.235
0.0493
61.8



100.0%

Subaru
Car
All
2013
35.7
23.7
31.2
27.5
368
280
323
3413
44.0

136
178
8.9
1.300
0.0522
62.0



91.5%
8.5%
Subaru
Car
All
2014
36.1
24.0
31.6
27.8
364
278
319
3462
44.1

136
172
9.1
1.268
0.0498
63.6



94.6%
5.4%
Subaru
Car
All
2015
37.0
24.4
32.5
28.5
357
269
312
3554
44.7

138
186
CO
CO
1.361
0.0524
67.1



96.2%
3.8%
Subaru
Car
All
2016
36.7
24.2
32.3
28.3
359
270
315
3571
44.7

138
189
8.7
1.390
0.0530
67.0



97.3%
2.7%
Subaru
Car
All
2017
36.6
24.3
32.9
28.6
357
265
311
3670
45.1

136
189
CO
CO
1.407
0.0520
68.8



96.9%
3.1%
Subaru
Car
All
2018
37.6
24.8
33.0
28.9
352
265
307
3675
45.1

135
179
9.1
1.332
0.0488
70.5



97.0%
3.0%
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-109	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
Car
All
1985
63.1%
10.8%
26.1%


74.3%

25.7%





91.0%
9.0%

Subaru
Car
All
1986
62.8%
11.8%
25.4%


55.3%

26.4%
18.2%




100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1987
55.7%
17.2%
27.0%


42.0%

20.8%
37.1%

5.8%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1988
61.1%
11.8%
27.0%


24.8%

19.7%
55.5%

20.5%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1989
40.5%
8.9%
37.3%
13.2%

27.8%

16.7%
55.5%

26.2%


79.9%
20.1%

Subaru
Car
All
1990
35.2%
4.0%
58.5%
2.3%

2.0%

74.7%
23.3%

74.9%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1991
32.6%
4.5%
59.3%
3.6%

2.7%

71.6%
25.7%

72.6%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1992
32.7%
5.6%
61.5%
0.2%

0.7%

81.4%
17.9%

65.2%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1993
32.0%
1.5%
65.9%
0.6%



85.7%
14.3%

85.7%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1994
35.7%
1.3%
63.0%




100.0%


41.0%


100.0%


Subaru
Car
All
1995
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%


53.9%
46.1%

Subaru
Car
All
1996
28.1%

71.9%




100.0%


100.0%


31.8%
68.2%

Subaru
Car
All
1997
25.9%

74.1%




100.0%


100.0%


35.5%
64.5%

Subaru
Car
All
1998
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%


31.8%
68.2%

Subaru
Car
All
1999
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%


33.1%
66.9%

Subaru
Car
All
2000
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%


29.4%
70.6%

Subaru
Car
All
2001
18.8%

81.2%




100.0%


100.0%


22.2%
77.8%

Subaru
Car
All
2002
36.4%

63.6%




100.0%


100.0%


50.6%
49.4%

Subaru
Car
All
2003
25.6%

74.4%




100.0%


100.0%


37.3%
62.7%

Subaru
Car
All
2004
35.0%

65.0%




100.0%


100.0%
12.1%

50.5%
49.5%

Subaru
Car
All
2005
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%


100.0%
31.8%

43.2%
56.8%

Subaru
Car
All
2006
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


100.0%
33.3%

50.4%
49.6%

Subaru
Car
All
2007
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


100.0%
33.5%

55.1%
44.9%

Subaru
Car
All
2008
23.7%

76.3%




100.0%


100.0%
12.8%

57.3%
42.7%

Subaru
Car
All
2009
20.3%

79.7%




100.0%


100.0%
44.2%

65.4%
34.6%

Subaru
Car
All
2010
19.5%

40.9%
39.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

52.3%
47.7%

Subaru
Car
All
2011
24.6%

30.5%
44.9%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

49.2%
50.8%

Subaru
Car
All
2012
17.3%

2.4%
80.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

63.2%
36.8%

Subaru
Car
All
2013
23.8%

4.2%
72.0%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

69.1%
30.9%

Subaru
Car
All
2014
20.3%

2.1%
77.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

68.2%
31.8%

Subaru
Car
All
2015
22.3%

0.9%
76.8%


14.3%
85.7%


100.0%
100.0%

59.9%
40.1%

Subaru
Car
All
2016
23.2%

0.7%
76.1%


15.1%
84.9%


100.0%
100.0%

61.4%
38.6%

Subaru
Car
All
2017
23.5%

0.8%
75.7%


56.7%
43.3%


100.0%
100.0%

50.1%
49.9%

Subaru
Car
All
2018
18.7%

0.7%
80.6%


58.6%
41.4%


100.0%
100.0%

48.2%
51.8%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-110	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
26.8
19.2
24.7
21.8
462
360
408
3500


150
165
10.5
1.100
0.0471
46.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
27.0
19.3
24.5
21.8
459
362
407
3500


150
165
10.5
1.100
0.0471
47.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
27.8
19.7
25.4
22.4
451
350
397
3500


150
165
10.0
1.100
0.0471
48.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
27.9
19.7
25.0
22.3
451
355
398
3500


150
165
9.9
1.100
0.0471
48.8



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
28.0
19.5
25.2
22.3
455
353
398
3500


150
165
10.1
1.100
0.0471
48.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
27.5
19.1
24.7
21.9
464
360
406
3500


150
165
10.0
1.100
0.0471
48.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
27.1
18.7
24.5
21.6
475
361
412
3500


150
173
9.8
1.153
0.0494
47.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
28.6
19.5
25.6
22.6
455
346
394
3500


150
170
9.8
1.134
0.0486
50.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
26.4
18.1
23.7
20.9
484
372
425
3856


162
203
9.3
1.243
0.0522
50.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
27.3
18.7
24.4
21.6
471
362
412
3708


157
191
9.5
1.213
0.0514
50.6



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
26.4
18.1
23.7
20.9
486
372
425
3882
42.9

178
206
9.3
1.161
0.0526
51.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
28.4
19.4
25.3
22.4
456
350
397
3571
43.4

155
179
9.6
1.152
0.0499
50.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
29.6
20.1
26.4
23.3
440
335
382
3694
44.1

157
176
9.8
1.123
0.0477
54.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
30.4
20.6
26.9
23.8
429
330
374
3815
44.8

160
181
9.7
1.128
0.0475
58.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
30.5
20.7
26.9
23.8
428
330
373
3800
44.7

159
179
9.8
1.123
0.0472
58.1



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
33.3
22.6
28.8
25.8
390
306
345
3778
44.6

150
171
9.9
1.145
0.0453
63.6



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
35.4
23.9
30.3
27.2
370
292
327
3684
44.4

146
171
9.6
1.180
0.0465
65.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
36.4
24.4
31.2
27.9
363
284
319
3684
44.7

149
174
9.6
1.172
0.0472
67.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
36.5
24.5
31.4
28.0
361
283
318
3699
44.8

148
172
9.7
1.170
0.0465
67.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
36.7
24.8
32.1
28.5
356
276
312
3744
45.0

152
177
9.5
1.172
0.0474
69.0



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
36.8
24.8
31.4
28.2
356
282
315
3738
45.0

152
177
9.5
1.175
0.0474
69.1



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1975





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1976





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1977





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1978
27.2
21.2
26.3
23.2
417
337
383
2500


97
67
16.0
0.691
0.0268
34.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1979
27.5
21.7
26.1
23.5
410
340
379
2500


97
67
18.3
0.691
0.0268
34.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1980
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
443
348
400
2500


97
67
18.7
0.691
0.0268
32.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1981
28.4
22.8
26.0
24.1
390
342
369
2500


109
71
17.7
0.651
0.0284
35.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1982
29.8
24.1
27.0
25.3
368
329
351
2500


109
74
18.3
0.683
0.0298
37.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1983
29.5
23.6
27.2
25.1
376
324
355
2513


109
74
17.2
0.680
0.0295
37.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1984
29.7
23.6
27.7
25.3
376
319
352
2514


109
74
17.0
0.681
0.0295
37.4



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1985
29.6
23.5
27.4
25.2
377
323
353
2500


109
73
16.7
0.670
0.0292
37.0



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1986
30.0
23.6
27.9
25.4
376
318
350
2500


109
73
15.9
0.670
0.0292
37.5



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-l 11	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
24.8%

75.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
23.3%

76.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
23.7%

76.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.1%

79.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
17.8%

82.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
17.2%

82.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
17.0%

83.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
8.6%

91.4%




100.0%


100.0%
39.4%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
11.2%

88.8%




100.0%


100.0%
24.8%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


100.0%
40.7%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


100.0%
11.8%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
7.6%

60.1%
32.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
4.7%

44.5%
50.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
4.6%

46.6%
48.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
5.4%

25.0%
69.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
4.0%

2.7%
93.3%


2.9%
97.1%


100.0%
100.0%
2.6%



Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
2.7%


97.3%


2.8%
97.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.9%



Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
2.9%


97.1%


2.1%
97.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%



Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
2.3%


97.7%


2.9%
97.1%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
3.2%


96.8%


21.1%
78.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1975
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1976
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1977
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1978
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1980
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1982
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1983
75.4%

24.6%


94.8%


5.2%







Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1984
82.1%

17.9%


94.2%

5.8%








Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1985
95.6%

4.4%


100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1986
100.0%




100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-112	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1987
29.8
23.4
27.5
25.1
380
323
354
2500


109
73
16.1
0.670
0.0292
37.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1988





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1989





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1990





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1991





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1992





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1993





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1994





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1995





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1996





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1997





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1998





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1999





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2000





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2001





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2002





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2003
26.3
18.3
23.8
21.0
485
373
423
3859


150
165
10.5
1.100
0.0429
50.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2004
25.4
17.4
23.3
20.3
506
379
437
4000


150
187
10.1
1.247
0.0468
51.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2005
25.8
17.6
23.5
20.5
502
376
433
4000


150
184
10.1
1.229
0.0461
52.0



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2006
26.9
18.3
24.3
21.3
483
363
417
3921


150
178
10.1
1.187
0.0455
52.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2007





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2008





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2009





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2010





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2011





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2012





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2013





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2014





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2015





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2016





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2017





















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2018





















Subaru
Truck
All
1975





















Subaru
Truck
All
1976





















Subaru
Truck
All
1977





















Subaru
Truck
All
1978
27.2
21.2
26.3
23.2
417
337
383
2500


97
67
16.0
0.691
0.0268
34.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1979
27.5
21.7
26.1
23.5
410
340
379
2500


97
67
18.3
0.691
0.0268
34.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1980
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
443
348
400
2500


97
67
18.7
0.691
0.0268
32.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1981
28.4
22.8
26.0
24.1
390
342
369
2500


109
71
17.7
0.651
0.0284
35.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1982
29.8
24.1
27.0
25.3
368
329
351
2500


109
74
18.3
0.683
0.0298
37.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1983
29.5
23.6
27.2
25.1
376
324
355
2513


109
74
17.2
0.680
0.0295
37.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1984
29.7
23.6
27.7
25.3
376
319
352
2514


109
74
17.0
0.681
0.0295
37.4



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1985
29.6
23.5
27.4
25.2
377
323
353
2500


109
73
16.7
0.670
0.0292
37.0



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1986
30.0
23.6
27.9
25.4
376
318
350
2500


109
73
15.9
0.670
0.0292
37.5



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1987
29.8
23.4
27.5
25.1
380
323
354
2500


109
73
16.1
0.670
0.0292
37.2



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-113	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1987
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1988
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1989
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1990
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1991
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1992
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1993
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1994
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1995
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1996
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1997
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1998
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
1999
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2000
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2001
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2002
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2003
28.3%

71.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2004
21.6%

78.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2005
20.6%

79.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2006
21.4%

78.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2007
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2008
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2009
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2010
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2011
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2012
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2013
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2014
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2015
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2016
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2017
















Subaru
Truck
Pickup
2018
















Subaru
Truck
All
1975
















Subaru
Truck
All
1976
















Subaru
Truck
All
1977
















Subaru
Truck
All
1978
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1980
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1982
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1983
75.4%

24.6%


94.8%


5.2%







Subaru
Truck
All
1984
82.1%

17.9%


94.2%

5.8%








Subaru
Truck
All
1985
95.6%

4.4%


100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1986
100.0%




100.0%










Subaru
Truck
All
1987
100.0%




100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-114	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
Truck
All
1988





















Subaru
Truck
All
1989





















Subaru
Truck
All
1990





















Subaru
Truck
All
1991





















Subaru
Truck
All
1992





















Subaru
Truck
All
1993





















Subaru
Truck
All
1994





















Subaru
Truck
All
1995





















Subaru
Truck
All
1996





















Subaru
Truck
All
1997





















Subaru
Truck
All
1998
26.8
19.2
24.7
21.8
462
360
408
3500


150
165
10.5
1.100
0.0471
46.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
1999
27.0
19.3
24.5
21.8
459
362
407
3500


150
165
10.5
1.100
0.0471
47.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2000
27.8
19.7
25.4
22.4
451
350
397
3500


150
165
10.0
1.100
0.0471
48.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2001
27.9
19.7
25.0
22.3
451
355
398
3500


150
165
9.9
1.100
0.0471
48.8



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2002
28.0
19.5
25.2
22.3
455
353
398
3500


150
165
10.1
1.100
0.0471
48.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2003
27.3
19.0
24.5
21.7
468
362
409
3567


150
165
10.1
1.100
0.0464
48.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2004
27.1
18.6
24.5
21.5
476
362
413
3517


150
173
9.8
1.156
0.0493
47.8



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2005
28.2
19.2
25.3
22.3
461
350
399
3570


150
172
9.8
1.147
0.0482
50.4



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2006
26.5
18.2
23.7
21.0
484
371
424
3861


161
201
9.4
1.239
0.0517
51.1



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2007
27.3
18.7
24.4
21.6
471
362
412
3708


157
191
9.5
1.213
0.0514
50.6



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2008
26.4
18.1
23.7
20.9
486
372
425
3882
42.9

178
206
9.3
1.161
0.0526
51.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2009
28.4
19.4
25.3
22.4
456
350
397
3571
43.4

155
179
9.6
1.152
0.0499
50.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2010
29.6
20.1
26.4
23.3
440
335
382
3694
44.1

157
176
9.8
1.123
0.0477
54.9



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2011
30.4
20.6
26.9
23.8
429
330
374
3815
44.8

160
181
9.7
1.128
0.0475
58.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2012
30.5
20.7
26.9
23.8
428
330
373
3800
44.7

159
179
9.8
1.123
0.0472
58.1



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2013
33.3
22.6
28.8
25.8
390
306
345
3778
44.6

150
171
9.9
1.145
0.0453
63.6



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2014
35.4
23.9
30.3
27.2
370
292
327
3684
44.4

146
171
9.6
1.180
0.0465
65.3



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2015
36.4
24.4
31.2
27.9
363
284
319
3684
44.7

149
174
9.6
1.172
0.0472
67.2



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2016
36.5
24.5
31.4
28.0
361
283
318
3699
44.8

148
172
9.7
1.170
0.0465
67.7



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2017
36.7
24.8
32.1
28.5
356
276
312
3744
45.0

152
177
9.5
1.172
0.0474
69.0



100.0%

Subaru
Truck
All
2018
36.8
24.8
31.4
28.2
356
282
315
3738
45.0

152
177
9.5
1.175
0.0474
69.1



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
1975
26.5
20.9
24.9
22.5
423
355
395
2346


83
58

0.699
0.0248
31.2


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1976
29.7
23.8
27.3
25.3
371
322
352
2366


88
61

0.696
0.0259
35.3


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1977
30.2
23.5
28.9
25.7
374
304
346
2353


97
65

0.674
0.0278
35.8


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1978
29.3
23.0
28.0
25.0
380
311
355
2401


97
67
15.5
0.691
0.0280
35.7


80.1%
19.9%

Subaru
All
All
1979
28.9
22.7
27.5
24.6
388
318
361
2432


97
67
17.4
0.691
0.0276
35.4


42.4%
57.6%

Subaru
All
All
1980
27.9
21.5
27.3
23.8
406
320
373
2412


99
68
17.1
0.693
0.0284
34.0


59.4%
40.6%

Subaru
All
All
1981
30.9
24.7
28.6
26.3
357
305
338
2410


107
70
16.5
0.657
0.0293
37.5


65.1%
34.9%

Subaru
All
All
1982
31.6
25.1
29.3
26.8
352
299
331
2525


108
71
18.0
0.657
0.0281
40.0


70.2%
29.8%

Subaru
All
All
1983
31.2
24.7
29.3
26.6
359
300
335
2556


108
73
16.4
0.675
0.0287
40.0


67.1%
32.9%

Subaru
All
All
1984
31.1
24.6
29.2
26.4
359
300
336
2581


108
73
16.4
0.679
0.0285
40.3


64.6%
35.4%

Subaru
All
All
1985
30.5
24.2
28.4
25.9
365
310
343
2629


109
86
14.7
0.788
0.0326
40.2


60.8%
39.2%

Subaru
All
All
1986
30.1
23.8
27.8
25.5
370
317
348
2668


108
88
14.0
0.816
0.0331
40.3


59.7%
40.3%

Subaru
All
All
1987
29.5
23.2
27.1
24.8
376
322
358
2726


107
90
14.4
0.841
0.0329
40.4


52.6%
47.4%

Subaru
All
All
1988
31.4
24.7
28.5
26.3
351
304
338
2613


104
90
14.2
0.863
0.0342
41.2


57.7%
42.3%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-115	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
Truck
All
1988
















Subaru
Truck
All
1989
















Subaru
Truck
All
1990
















Subaru
Truck
All
1991
















Subaru
Truck
All
1992
















Subaru
Truck
All
1993
















Subaru
Truck
All
1994
















Subaru
Truck
All
1995
















Subaru
Truck
All
1996
















Subaru
Truck
All
1997
















Subaru
Truck
All
1998
24.8%

75.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
1999
23.3%

76.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2000
23.7%

76.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2001
20.1%

79.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2002
17.8%

82.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2003
18.8%

81.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2004
17.3%

82.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2005
17.5%

82.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
Truck
All
2006
9.6%

90.4%




100.0%


100.0%
36.2%




Subaru
Truck
All
2007
11.2%

88.8%




100.0%


100.0%
24.8%




Subaru
Truck
All
2008
7.9%

92.1%




100.0%


100.0%
40.7%




Subaru
Truck
All
2009
9.3%

90.7%




100.0%


100.0%
11.8%




Subaru
Truck
All
2010
7.6%

60.1%
32.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
All
2011
4.7%

44.5%
50.7%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
All
2012
4.6%

46.6%
48.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
All
2013
5.4%

25.0%
69.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
All
2014
4.0%

2.7%
93.3%


2.9%
97.1%


100.0%
100.0%
2.6%



Subaru
Truck
All
2015
2.7%


97.3%


2.8%
97.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.9%



Subaru
Truck
All
2016
2.9%


97.1%


2.1%
97.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%



Subaru
Truck
All
2017
2.3%


97.7%


2.9%
97.1%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
Truck
All
2018
3.2%


96.8%


21.1%
78.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
1975
91.3%
8.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1976
63.9%
36.1%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1977
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1978
84.7%
15.3%



100.0%










Subaru
All
All
1979
88.9%
11.1%



100.0%










Subaru
All
All
1980
85.6%
14.4%



100.0%










Subaru
All
All
1981
88.0%
12.0%



100.0%










Subaru
All
All
1982
82.1%
17.9%



100.0%










Subaru
All
All
1983
72.2%

27.8%


98.4%

1.4%
0.2%







Subaru
All
All
1984
67.5%

32.5%


96.5%

3.5%








Subaru
All
All
1985
63.9%
10.6%
25.5%


74.9%

25.1%








Subaru
All
All
1986
63.6%
11.6%
24.8%


56.3%

25.9%
17.8%







Subaru
All
All
1987
56.0%
17.1%
26.9%


42.3%

20.7%
36.9%







Subaru
All
All
1988
61.1%
11.8%
27.0%


24.8%

19.7%
55.5%

20.5%


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-116	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Subaru
All
All
1989
31.5
24.7
28.2
26.3
351
310
338
2621


102
88
14.0
0.865
0.0334
41.5


67.2%
32.8%

Subaru
All
All
1990
28.0
21.2
26.4
23.4
413
334
379
3080


124
116
11.9
0.933
0.0376
43.1


46.5%
53.5%

Subaru
All
All
1991
28.2
21.2
26.4
23.5
411
333
378
3079


123
115
12.2
0.932
0.0372
43.4


14.3%
85.7%

Subaru
All
All
1992
28.1
20.9
26.3
23.3
420
335
382
3188


131
147
10.6
1.148
0.0463
44.7


45.1%
54.9%

Subaru
All
All
1993
29.2
21.6
27.4
24.1
409
323
368
3037


122
117
10.9
0.957
0.0385
44.3


33.1%
66.9%

Subaru
All
All
1994
28.2
20.5
26.6
23.2
428
332
383
3172


129
127
10.5
0.976
0.0398
44.7


45.0%
55.0%

Subaru
All
All
1995
28.5
20.6
27.1
23.4
431
328
379
3193


132
132
11.0
1.000
0.0416
45.5


14.1%
85.9%

Subaru
All
All
1996
27.4
19.7
25.9
22.5
449
342
395
3333


140
142
10.7
1.012
0.0426
45.7


0.2%
99.8%

Subaru
All
All
1997
28.0
19.9
26.4
22.9
444
335
388
3325


143
152
10.2
1.060
0.0456
46.5


0.9%
99.1%

Subaru
All
All
1998
27.5
19.7
25.4
22.4
450
348
397
3401


146
158
10.4
1.078
0.0464
46.8


0.0%
100.0%

Subaru
All
All
1999
27.4
19.5
25.3
22.2
456
350
400
3427


146
159
10.3
1.088
0.0465
47.0



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2000
28.0
19.8
25.5
22.5
450
348
395
3445


149
163
9.7
1.096
0.0474
48.1



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2001
27.8
19.5
25.2
22.3
455
352
399
3674


152
168
9.8
1.104
0.0460
51.0



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2002
27.4
19.1
25.0
22.0
465
355
405
3644


148
180
9.4
1.236
0.0495
50.0



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2003
27.3
18.8
24.9
21.8
472
357
408
3671


150
174
9.7
1.166
0.0475
50.1



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2004
27.0
18.4
24.7
21.5
481
358
413
3632


149
184
9.4
1.249
0.0510
49.2



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2005
27.6
18.7
25.1
21.9
472
352
406
3573


151
191
9.0
1.270
0.0533
49.5



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2006
27.3
18.6
24.7
21.6
474
357
411
3680


156
197
9.0
1.260
0.0534
50.3



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2007
28.0
19.1
25.2
22.1
464
351
402
3595


153
189
9.2
1.233
0.0525
50.3



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2008
28.1
19.1
25.4
22.3
463
348
399
3620
42.6

158
188
9.3
1.193
0.0517
50.9



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2009
28.7
19.5
25.7
22.6
454
345
393
3543
43.9

153
179
9.4
1.169
0.0503
50.8



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2010
29.7
20.2
26.6
23.4
438
332
379
3645
44.1

156
177
9.6
1.134
0.0488
54.5



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2011
30.4
20.5
26.9
23.8
430
328
374
3719
44.6

159
185
9.4
1.167
0.0500
56.8



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2012
32.2
21.7
28.3
25.0
404
310
355
3663
44.5

151
176
9.5
1.167
0.0480
59.6



100.0%

Subaru
All
All
2013
34.2
23.0
29.8
26.5
381
295
336
3629
44.4

144
174
9.5
1.208
0.0481
62.9



96.5%
3.5%
Subaru
All
All
2014
35.5
23.9
30.6
27.3
369
289
325
3632
44.3

144
172
9.5
1.201
0.0473
64.9



98.7%
1.3%
Subaru
All
All
2015
36.5
24.4
31.6
28.1
361
280
317
3648
44.7

146
177
9.3
1.225
0.0486
67.2



98.9%
1.1%
Subaru
All
All
2016
36.6
24.4
31.6
28.1
361
279
317
3663
44.7

145
177
9.4
1.231
0.0483
67.5



99.3%
0.7%
Subaru
All
All
2017
36.7
24.7
32.3
28.5
357
273
312
3724
45.0

148
181
9.3
1.235
0.0486
68.9



99.2%
0.8%
Subaru
All
All
2018
37.0
24.8
31.8
28.4
355
277
313
3721
45.0

147
178
9.4
1.218
0.0477
69.5



99.2%
0.8%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
26.5
20.0
26.9
22.6
441
327
393
2371


95
69

0.726
0.0290
31.5


73.7%

26.3%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
27.5
21.4
26.6
23.4
412
330
379
2343


100
75

0.742
0.0317
32.3


79.9%

20.1%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
28.8
22.0
28.8
24.6
395
306
364
2358

93.0
99
74

0.746
0.0315
34.7
2790
3251
89.2%

10.8%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
27.2
20.9
26.8
23.2
413
324
388
2410

93.4
98
76
14.8
0.765
0.0310
33.9
2681
3168
90.2%

9.8%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
28.6
22.0
28.1
24.4
392
311
373
2389

92.7
98
73
16.7
0.735
0.0301
35.8
2840
3329
90.4%

9.6%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
31.2
24.0
30.7
26.6
365
292
347
2385

89.8
99
70
17.4
0.697
0.0292
39.2
2992
3530
96.0%

4.0%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
34.2
26.4
33.6
29.2
338
268
320
2403

90.0
106
69
17.2
0.642
0.0284
43.4
3293
3898
97.4%

2.6%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
32.8
25.7
31.4
28.0
337
279
326
2478

92.7
109
75
17.7
0.678
0.0299
42.9
3252
3971
95.4%

4.6%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
30.0
23.3
29.1
25.6
368
301
352
2526

92.1
118
91
14.4
0.756
0.0354
39.2
2923
3624
86.5%
0.4%
13.2%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
28.4
22.1
27.4
24.2
386
316
370
2631

96.3
119
93
14.4
0.769
0.0350
38.6
2863
3700
90.2%
1.1%
8.6%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
29.5
22.9
28.5
25.1
377
303
356
2684

101.9
121
99
13.7
0.806
0.0363
40.7
3140
4151
91.0%
1.5%
7.5%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
29.0
22.3
28.0
24.6
387
310
363
2689

101.0
121
105
12.7
0.855
0.0386
39.8
3034
4018
87.7%
3.0%
9.3%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
28.3
21.9
26.9
24.0
395
320
371
2732

98.3
121
110
12.6
0.893
0.0398
39.1
2870
3846
84.8%
3.8%
11.4%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
29.7
22.7
28.2
25.0
386
311
356
2692

95.8
118
106
12.9
0.882
0.0387
40.2
2889
3865
89.3%
3.1%
7.6%
VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
29.3
22.2
28.0
24.6
392
311
361
2754

96.9
119
108
12.5
0.894
0.0387
40.9
2926
3996
91.8%
1.7%
6.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-117	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Subaru
All
All
1989
40.5%
8.9%
37.3%
13.2%

27.8%

16.7%
55.5%

26.2%


79.9%
20.1%

Subaru
All
All
1990
35.2%
4.0%
58.5%
2.3%

2.0%

74.7%
23.3%

74.9%


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1991
32.6%
4.5%
59.3%
3.6%

2.7%

71.6%
25.7%

72.6%


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1992
32.7%
5.6%
61.5%
0.2%

0.7%

81.4%
17.9%

65.2%


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1993
32.0%
1.5%
65.9%
0.6%



85.7%
14.3%

85.7%


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1994
35.7%
1.3%
63.0%




100.0%


41.0%


100.0%


Subaru
All
All
1995
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%


53.9%
46.1%

Subaru
All
All
1996
28.1%

71.9%




100.0%


100.0%


31.8%
68.2%

Subaru
All
All
1997
25.9%

74.1%




100.0%


100.0%


35.5%
64.5%

Subaru
All
All
1998
25.1%

74.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
1999
24.6%

75.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
2000
24.6%

75.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
2001
19.3%

80.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
2002
31.3%

68.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
2003
22.7%

77.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Subaru
All
All
2004
28.0%

72.0%




100.0%


100.0%
7.3%




Subaru
All
All
2005
24.8%

75.2%




100.0%


100.0%
23.0%




Subaru
All
All
2006
20.0%

80.0%




100.0%


100.0%
34.6%




Subaru
All
All
2007
21.8%

78.2%




100.0%


100.0%
30.3%




Subaru
All
All
2008
19.8%

80.2%




100.0%


100.0%
19.7%




Subaru
All
All
2009
15.1%

84.9%




100.0%


100.0%
28.8%




Subaru
All
All
2010
11.0%

54.7%
34.3%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
2011
11.2%

40.0%
48.8%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
2012
9.6%

29.2%
61.2%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
2013
12.9%

16.5%
70.6%



100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
2014
7.8%

2.6%
89.6%


2.2%
97.8%


100.0%
100.0%
2.0%



Subaru
All
All
2015
8.2%

0.3%
91.5%


6.1%
93.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.6%



Subaru
All
All
2016
8.5%

0.2%
91.3%


5.7%
94.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.5%



Subaru
All
All
2017
8.0%

0.2%
91.8%


17.3%
82.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Subaru
All
All
2018
7.4%

0.2%
92.4%


31.3%
68.7%


100.0%
100.0%




VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
72.4%
24.7%
2.9%


54.5%

45.5%





100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
71.9%
28.1%



61.6%

38.4%





100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
80.7%
19.3%



27.8%

65.3%

6.8%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
73.7%
26.3%



1.0%

86.5%

12.5%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
79.2%
20.8%



0.0%

77.7%

22.2%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
84.0%
16.0%



3.6%

60.2%

36.2%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
85.1%
14.9%





52.8%

47.2%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
78.0%
22.0%



3.0%

69.0%

28.0%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
77.6%
22.4%



4.1%

83.0%

12.9%



100.0%


VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
66.1%
33.9%



3.8%

85.9%

10.3%



78.7%
21.3%

VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
64.5%
35.5%





91.1%

8.9%



81.8%
18.2%

VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
65.2%
34.8%





94.9%

5.1%
4.4%


83.3%
16.7%

VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
69.4%
30.6%





100.0%


CO


89.8%
10.2%

VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
76.5%
23.5%





100.0%


7.7%


96.3%
3.7%

VW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
71.7%
28.3%





97.5%
0.1%
2.4%
7.7%


92.0%
8.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-118	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
28.3
21.2
27.3
23.7
411
320
375
2929

99.6
122
119
11.4
0.966
0.0399
41.7
2886
4177
92.9%
2.2%
4.8%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
28.9
21.3
28.2
24.2
408
311
369
2943

101.6
121
115
12.0
0.929
0.0382
43.1
3031
4403
92.1%
2.5%
5.4%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
28.7
20.9
28.1
23.9
418
314
372
2976

102.6
125
120
11.3
0.948
0.0397
42.9
2992
4413
94.4%
2.0%
3.5%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
26.5
19.1
26.3
22.1
455
331
402
3131

99.1
146
141
9.7
0.946
0.0438
41.6
2666
4132
83.1%
12.2%
4.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
27.7
19.9
27.1
23.0
440
325
387
3104

101.9
134
133
9.8
0.980
0.0424
43.2
2870
4415
85.5%
10.6%
3.8%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
28.2
20.1
27.2
23.2
434
323
383
3125

101.3
138
138
9.8
0.988
0.0438
44.2
2902
4489
89.2%
5.3%
5.5%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.8
19.6
27.1
22.9
447
325
389
3160

102.6
138
137
10.4
0.977
0.0429
44.6
2925
4605
86.1%
11.2%
2.7%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
28.1
19.8
27.1
23.0
443
324
386
3151

100.4
138
140
10.2
1.008
0.0441
44.9
2889
4532
80.5%
13.8%
5.7%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
28.4
19.8
27.6
23.2
441
320
384
3206

101.1
134
142
10.5
1.056
0.0438
46.4
2954
4718
77.5%
18.3%
4.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
27.9
19.3
27.1
22.8
453
326
391
3256

101.6
134
148
10.3
1.099
0.0450
46.0
2893
4702
78.2%
15.1%
6.7%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
28.2
19.5
26.8
22.9
446
329
390
3252

101.5
135
153
9.6
1.123
0.0463
46.7
2940
4757
80.5%
14.6%
4.9%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
27.8
19.1
26.4
22.5
457
333
397
3327

100.9
136
163
9.2
1.207
0.0485
47.0
2878
4754
72.9%
23.1%
4.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
28.7
19.5
27.2
23.1
449
325
387
3394

102.8
132
165
9.5
1.263
0.0482
49.7
3038
5133
76.4%
19.8%
3.9%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
29.1
19.7
27.3
23.3
445
323
384
3442

103.7
131
166
9.5
1.269
0.0476
51.0
3103
5309
79.6%
17.4%
2.9%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.2
18.9
26.6
22.6
462
331
396
3534

103.0
137
177
9.2
1.291
0.0493
50.7
2998
5255
69.3%
28.0%
2.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
28.4
18.8
26.9
22.7
466
329
396
3607

102.4
146
182
9.2
1.238
0.0494
52.3
3018
5399
67.8%
27.1%
5.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
29.6
19.6
27.9
23.6
448
319
381
3627

102.3
150
192
CO
CO
1.287
0.0523
55.0
3141
5660
75.4%
19.0%
5.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
28.4
18.8
27.0
22.8
466
325
391
3679

102.5
155
205
8.3
1.334
0.0551
52.7
2962
5431
73.2%
21.4%
5.3%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
28.8
19.0
27.2
23.0
460
323
387
3650
43.3
102.0
153
209
8.1
1.378
0.0569
52.9
2978
5414
73.1%
22.7%
4.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
30.8
20.5
28.6
24.4
433
311
369
3630
43.5
102.3
145
198
8.3
1.373
0.0542
57.3
3260
5886
75.0%
22.0%
3.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
32.7
21.7
30.1
25.8
412
297
352
3626
43.8
106.3
142
195
8.5
1.379
0.0532
60.9
3622
6516
79.0%
18.5%
2.5%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
33.0
22.6
31.1
26.7
395
289
340
3643
44.4
106.3
146
197
8.5
1.340
0.0531
61.6
3640
6571
73.9%
22.0%
4.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
32.9
22.5
31.1
26.7
397
289
339
3607
45.1
108.2
145
196
8.5
1.345
0.0536
60.6
3667
6569
80.1%
17.4%
2.5%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
33.3
22.7
31.2
26.9
393
288
338
3615
45.2
107.9
143
194
8.5
1.352
0.0530
61.6
3714
6664
77.9%
19.2%
2.9%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
34.4
23.1
32.0
27.5
386
280
331
3626
45.6
107.6
133
199
8.5
1.471
0.0538
63.7
3831
6888
73.7%
22.2%
4.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
36.0
23.7
33.3
28.3
0
0
319
3625
45.2
107.5
127
199
8.4
1.553
0.0542
68.0
4087
7358
72.8%
24.4%
2.8%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
36.3
23.8
33.5
28.5
0
0
311
3690
45.2
107.3
123
210
8.0
1.713
0.0560
71.0
4198
7660
67.4%
29.4%
3.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
36.6
24.1
33.7
28.8
0
0
308
3631
45.0
108.7
116
206
8.1
1.760
0.0559
68.2
4117
7419
68.8%
28.5%
2.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
35.1
23.2
32.0
27.5
0
0
320
3743
45.7
107.1
129
230
7.6
1.765
0.0607
66.6
3867
7181
51.4%
43.6%
5.0%
vw
Car
Car SUV
1975





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1976





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1977





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1978





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1979





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1980





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1981





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1982





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1983





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1984





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1985





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1986





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1987





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1988





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1989





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1990





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-119	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
60.1%
28.5%
11.4%




98.9%

1.1%
18.7%


79.5%
20.5%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
58.9%
21.9%
19.2%




95.8%

4.2%
21.2%


77.4%
22.6%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
59.1%
19.7%
21.2%




98.9%

1.1%
20.4%
1.4%

71.2%
28.8%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
58.4%
2.1%
39.5%




100.0%


5.6%
1.7%

71.2%
28.8%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
53.3%
0.6%
46.1%




100.0%


2.7%
1.8%

99.1%
0.9%
0.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
62.4%
0.8%
36.8%




100.0%


1.4%
5.4%

89.4%
10.6%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
58.3%
0.5%
41.2%




97.0%

3.0%
0.0%
4.3%

88.5%
11.5%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
59.6%
1.2%
39.3%




98.0%

2.0%
9.3%
6.7%

92.0%
8.0%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
54.6%
0.8%
44.5%




94.9%

5.1%
34.9%
20.8%

81.2%
18.8%

vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
39.6%
1.7%
58.8%




97.5%

2.5%
44.8%
25.6%

71.2%
28.8%
0.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
46.8%
1.2%
52.1%




94.8%

5.2%
45.4%
18.5%

76.8%
23.1%
0.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
44.8%
1.2%
54.0%




95.4%

4.6%
57.3%
27.8%

76.4%
23.2%
0.4%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
30.7%
1.1%
66.4%
1.7%



92.4%

7.6%
61.3%
13.7%

75.5%
24.3%
0.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
33.5%

63.0%
3.5%



93.3%

6.7%
64.4%
15.9%

72.6%
27.3%
0.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.5%
0.8%
66.9%
3.9%



93.3%

6.7%
65.6%
17.5%

72.0%
25.0%
3.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
23.0%
0.5%
72.2%
4.3%



89.0%

11.0%
69.3%
20.4%

78.2%
20.1%
1.7%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
21.9%
0.7%
72.9%
4.5%



87.4%

12.6%
86.4%
48.0%

75.0%
23.9%
1.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
24.5%

70.4%
5.1%



100.0%


100.0%
15.9%

81.3%
17.7%
1.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
18.0%

77.2%
4.9%


44.7%
55.3%


99.9%
19.5%

82.6%
16.8%
0.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
16.0%
1.5%
80.1%
2.5%


48.0%
37.7%

14.3%
99.9%
17.5%

92.0%
7.5%
0.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
15.6%
36.6%
44.5%
3.4%


46.6%
32.5%

20.9%
100.0%
79.8%

90.7%
7.1%
2.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
16.0%
0.4%
80.0%
3.6%


39.6%
41.0%

19.4%
93.5%
71.5%

92.8%
3.2%
4.0%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
14.1%
14.3%
70.0%
1.6%


37.8%
45.1%

17.1%
94.4%
77.3%
0.1%
72.4%
25.4%
2.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
9.8%
2.1%
86.0%
2.1%


38.9%
42.1%

19.0%
95.0%
76.0%
1.1%
69.7%
28.5%
1.8%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
9.4%
4.8%
83.6%
2.2%


64.7%
16.2%

19.1%
90.9%
71.8%
0.6%
68.4%
29.2%
2.3%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
9.1%
3.7%
85.7%
1.5%


75.9%
8.3%

15.1%
91.4%
76.4%
0.3%
72.5%
25.3%
2.2%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
8.9%
3.1%
87.2%
0.9%


97.5%
0.5%

0.4%
98.3%
98.0%
1.1%
74.2%
23.7%
2.1%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
9.8%
4.1%
86.1%



98.9%
0.7%


99.6%
99.6%
0.7%
77.2%
21.2%
1.6%
vw
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
8.4%
6.0%
85.6%



98.8%
0.7%


99.5%
99.5%
1.2%
65.1%
30.6%
4.3%
vw
Car
Car SUV
1975
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1976
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1977
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1978
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1979
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1980
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1981
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1982
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1983
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1984
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1985
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1986
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1987
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1988
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1989
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1990
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-120	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Car
Car SUV
1991





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1992





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1993





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1994





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1995





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1996





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1997





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1998





















vw
Car
Car SUV
1999





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2000





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2001





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2002





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2003





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2004





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2005





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2006





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2007





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2008





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2009





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2010





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2011





















vw
Car
Car SUV
2012
30.8
21.3
26.3
23.9
416
338
372
4000
43.8

121
211
8.3
1.743
0.0528
61.7


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2013
30.1
20.7
26.1
23.5
430
340
379
4000
43.5

121
200
8.6
1.652
0.0500
60.2


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2014
29.4
20.4
25.3
22.9
436
351
388
4000
43.8

121
200
8.6
1.652
0.0500
58.9


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2015
29.4
20.4
25.1
22.9
436
353
389
4000
43.8

121
200
8.6
1.652
0.0500
58.8


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2016
29.2
20.3
25.0
22.7
437
356
391
4000
44.1

121
200
8.6
1.652
0.0500
58.5


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2017
28.8
20.2
24.7
22.5
441
360
395
4000
44.1

121
200
8.6
1.652
0.0500
57.7


100.0%


vw
Car
Car SUV
2018
33.6
22.1
27.1
24.7
402
328
360
4000
44.1

121
186
8.5
1.536
0.0465
67.3


100.0%


vw
Car
All
1975
26.5
20.0
26.9
22.6
441
327
393
2371


95
69

0.726
0.0290
31.5


73.7%

26.3%
vw
Car
All
1976
27.5
21.4
26.6
23.4
412
330
379
2343


100
75

0.742
0.0317
32.3


79.9%

20.1%
vw
Car
All
1977
28.8
22.0
28.8
24.6
395
306
364
2358


99
74

0.746
0.0315
34.7


89.2%

10.8%
vw
Car
All
1978
27.2
20.9
26.8
23.2
413
324
388
2410


98
76
14.8
0.765
0.0310
33.9


90.2%

9.8%
vw
Car
All
1979
28.6
22.0
28.1
24.4
392
311
373
2389


98
73
16.7
0.735
0.0301
35.8


90.4%

9.6%
vw
Car
All
1980
31.2
24.0
30.7
26.6
365
292
347
2385


99
70
17.4
0.697
0.0292
39.2


96.0%

4.0%
vw
Car
All
1981
34.2
26.4
33.6
29.2
338
268
320
2403


106
69
17.2
0.642
0.0284
43.4


97.4%

2.6%
vw
Car
All
1982
32.8
25.7
31.4
28.0
337
279
326
2478


109
75
17.7
0.678
0.0299
42.9


95.4%

4.6%
vw
Car
All
1983
30.0
23.3
29.1
25.6
368
301
352
2526


118
91
14.4
0.756
0.0354
39.2


86.5%
0.4%
13.2%
vw
Car
All
1984
28.4
22.1
27.4
24.2
386
316
370
2631


119
93
14.4
0.769
0.0350
38.6


90.2%
1.1%
8.6%
vw
Car
All
1985
29.5
22.9
28.5
25.1
377
303
356
2684


121
99
13.7
0.806
0.0363
40.7


91.0%
1.5%
7.5%
vw
Car
All
1986
29.0
22.3
28.0
24.6
387
310
363
2689


121
105
12.7
0.855
0.0386
39.8


87.7%
3.0%
9.3%
vw
Car
All
1987
28.3
21.9
26.9
24.0
395
320
371
2732


121
110
12.6
0.893
0.0398
39.1


84.8%
3.8%
11.4%
vw
Car
All
1988
29.7
22.7
28.2
25.0
386
311
356
2692


118
106
12.9
0.882
0.0387
40.2


89.3%
3.1%
7.6%
vw
Car
All
1989
29.3
22.2
28.0
24.6
392
311
361
2754


119
108
12.5
0.894
0.0387
40.9


91.8%
1.7%
6.6%
vw
Car
All
1990
28.3
21.2
27.3
23.7
411
320
375
2929


122
119
11.4
0.966
0.0399
41.7


92.9%
2.2%
4.8%
vw
Car
All
1991
28.9
21.3
28.2
24.2
408
311
369
2943


121
115
12.0
0.929
0.0382
43.1


92.1%
2.5%
5.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-121	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Car
Car SUV
1991
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1992
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1993
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1994
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1995
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1996
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1997
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1998
















vw
Car
Car SUV
1999
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2000
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2001
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2002
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2003
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2004
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2005
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2006
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2007
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2008
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2009
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2010
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2011
















vw
Car
Car SUV
2012
3.3%

96.7%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2013
0.9%

99.1%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2014
2.1%

97.9%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




vw
Car
All
1975
72.4%
24.7%
2.9%


54.5%

45.5%





100.0%


vw
Car
All
1976
71.9%
28.1%



61.6%

38.4%





100.0%


vw
Car
All
1977
80.7%
19.3%



27.8%

65.3%

6.8%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1978
73.7%
26.3%



1.0%

86.5%

12.5%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1979
79.2%
20.8%



0.0%

77.7%

22.2%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1980
84.0%
16.0%



3.6%

60.2%

36.2%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1981
85.1%
14.9%





52.8%

47.2%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1982
78.0%
22.0%



3.0%

69.0%

28.0%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1983
77.6%
22.4%



4.1%

83.0%

12.9%



100.0%


vw
Car
All
1984
66.1%
33.9%



3.8%

85.9%

10.3%



78.7%
21.3%

vw
Car
All
1985
64.5%
35.5%





91.1%

8.9%



81.8%
18.2%

vw
Car
All
1986
65.2%
34.8%





94.9%

5.1%
4.4%


83.3%
16.7%

vw
Car
All
1987
69.4%
30.6%





100.0%


CO


89.8%
10.2%

vw
Car
All
1988
76.5%
23.5%





100.0%


7.7%


96.3%
3.7%

vw
Car
All
1989
71.7%
28.3%





97.5%
0.1%
2.4%
7.7%


92.0%
8.0%

vw
Car
All
1990
60.1%
28.5%
11.4%




98.9%

1.1%
18.7%


79.5%
20.5%

vw
Car
All
1991
58.9%
21.9%
19.2%




95.8%

4.2%
21.2%


77.4%
22.6%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-122	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Car
All
1992
28.7
20.9
28.1
23.9
418
314
372
2976


125
120
11.3
0.948
0.0397
42.9


94.4%
2.0%
3.5%
vw
Car
All
1993
26.5
19.1
26.3
22.1
455
331
402
3131


146
141
9.7
0.946
0.0438
41.6


83.1%
12.2%
4.6%
vw
Car
All
1994
27.7
19.9
27.1
23.0
440
325
387
3104


134
133
9.8
0.980
0.0424
43.2


85.5%
10.6%
3.8%
vw
Car
All
1995
28.2
20.1
27.2
23.2
434
323
383
3125


138
138
9.8
0.988
0.0438
44.2


89.2%
5.3%
5.5%
vw
Car
All
1996
27.8
19.6
27.1
22.9
447
325
389
3160


138
137
10.4
0.977
0.0429
44.6


86.1%
11.2%
2.7%
vw
Car
All
1997
28.1
19.8
27.1
23.0
443
324
386
3151


138
140
10.2
1.008
0.0441
44.9


80.5%
13.8%
5.7%
vw
Car
All
1998
28.4
19.8
27.6
23.2
441
320
384
3206


134
142
10.5
1.056
0.0438
46.4


77.5%
18.3%
4.2%
vw
Car
All
1999
27.9
19.3
27.1
22.8
453
326
391
3256


134
148
10.3
1.099
0.0450
46.0


78.2%
15.1%
6.7%
vw
Car
All
2000
28.2
19.5
26.8
22.9
446
329
390
3252


135
153
9.6
1.123
0.0463
46.7


80.5%
14.6%
4.9%
vw
Car
All
2001
27.8
19.1
26.4
22.5
457
333
397
3327


136
163
9.2
1.207
0.0485
47.0


72.9%
23.1%
4.0%
vw
Car
All
2002
28.7
19.5
27.2
23.1
449
325
387
3394


132
165
9.5
1.263
0.0482
49.7


76.4%
19.8%
3.9%
vw
Car
All
2003
29.1
19.7
27.3
23.3
445
323
384
3442


131
166
9.5
1.269
0.0476
51.0


79.6%
17.4%
2.9%
vw
Car
All
2004
28.2
18.9
26.6
22.6
462
331
396
3534


137
177
9.2
1.291
0.0493
50.7


69.3%
28.0%
2.6%
vw
Car
All
2005
28.4
18.8
26.9
22.7
466
329
396
3607


146
182
9.2
1.238
0.0494
52.3


67.8%
27.1%
5.1%
vw
Car
All
2006
29.6
19.6
27.9
23.6
448
319
381
3627


150
192
CO
CO
1.287
0.0523
55.0


75.4%
19.0%
5.6%
vw
Car
All
2007
28.4
18.8
27.0
22.8
466
325
391
3679


155
205
8.3
1.334
0.0551
52.7


73.2%
21.4%
5.3%
vw
Car
All
2008
28.8
19.0
27.2
23.0
460
323
387
3650
43.3

153
209
8.1
1.378
0.0569
52.9


73.1%
22.7%
4.2%
vw
Car
All
2009
30.8
20.5
28.6
24.4
433
311
369
3630
43.5

145
198
8.3
1.373
0.0542
57.3


75.0%
22.0%
3.0%
vw
Car
All
2010
32.7
21.7
30.1
25.8
412
297
352
3626
43.8

142
195
8.5
1.379
0.0532
60.9


79.0%
18.5%
2.5%
vw
Car
All
2011
33.0
22.6
31.1
26.7
395
289
340
3643
44.4

146
197
8.5
1.340
0.0531
61.6


73.9%
22.0%
4.1%
vw
Car
All
2012
32.8
22.4
30.9
26.6
398
290
340
3621
45.0

144
197
8.5
1.359
0.0536
60.6


80.8%
16.7%
2.4%
vw
Car
All
2013
33.2
22.6
31.0
26.7
394
289
339
3626
45.2

142
195
8.5
1.361
0.0529
61.6


78.6%
18.6%
2.9%
vw
Car
All
2014
34.2
23.0
31.8
27.3
387
282
333
3637
45.5

133
199
8.5
1.476
0.0537
63.5


74.5%
21.5%
4.0%
vw
Car
All
2015
35.8
23.6
33.0
28.2
0
0
320
3635
45.1

127
199
8.4
1.556
0.0541
67.7


73.5%
23.8%
2.7%
vw
Car
All
2016
35.8
23.6
32.9
28.1
0
0
315
3706
45.1

122
209
8.0
1.710
0.0557
70.3


69.1%
27.9%
3.0%
vw
Car
All
2017
36.1
23.9
33.1
28.4
0
0
312
3648
45.0

116
206
8.1
1.755
0.0557
67.7


70.3%
27.2%
2.5%
vw
Car
All
2018
35.0
23.1
31.6
27.3
0
0
323
3763
45.6

128
227
7.7
1.747
0.0596
66.7


55.3%
40.2%
4.6%
vw
Truck
Van
1975
20.7
16.2
19.8
17.6
550
447
505
3497


109
67

0.615
0.0192
36.2




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1976
19.9
15.1
20.1
17.0
587
440
523
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
34.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1977
22.2
17.2
21.5
18.9
516
413
470
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
38.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1978
20.0
15.7
19.1
17.0
568
464
521
3500


120
67
20.9
0.558
0.0191
35.0




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1979
18.7
14.8
17.6
16.0
599
502
557
3500


120
67
22.3
0.558
0.0191
32.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1980
19.0
14.7
18.6
16.2
604
476
547
3619


120
67
23.2
0.558
0.0186
34.4




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1981
18.5
14.6
17.4
15.8
606
510
563
3644


120
67
23.2
0.558
0.0185
33.8




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1982
21.7
17.7
19.4
18.4
495
475
502
3668


111
61
26.7
0.550
0.0168
42.1




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1983
19.3
15.3
18.0
16.4
577
491
543
3625


119
69
22.2
0.585
0.0192
35.3




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1984
20.7
16.6
18.9
17.6
533
470
506
3627


117
82
19.7
0.701
0.0227
37.5




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1985
21.3
17.2
19.2
18.1
514
461
492
3656


117
82
19.5
0.701
0.0225
39.0




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1986
19.2
15.7
17.0
16.2
566
520
547
3764


129
90
17.7
0.698
0.0240
36.2




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1987
18.9
15.4
16.6
15.9
574
534
558
3818


129
90
18.2
0.698
0.0237
36.2



18.1%
81.9%
vw
Truck
Van
1988
19.9
16.1
17.4
16.7
551
508
533
3868


129
90
18.7
0.698
0.0234
38.6




100.0%
vw
Truck
Van
1989
20.8
16.9
17.9
17.4
525
493
511
4042


129
90
18.5
0.698
0.0223
42.2



8.5%
91.5%
vw
Truck
Van
1990
20.8
16.7
17.8
17.3
530
496
515
4020


129
90
17.6
0.698
0.0224
41.9



51.7%
48.3%
vw
Truck
Van
1991
20.9
16.5
18.3
17.3
539
481
513
4021


129
90
17.5
0.698
0.0224
42.1



6.8%
93.2%
vw
Truck
Van
1992





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-123	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Car
All
1992
59.1%
19.7%
21.2%




98.9%

1.1%
20.4%
1.4%

71.2%
28.8%

vw
Car
All
1993
58.4%
2.1%
39.5%




100.0%


5.6%
1.7%

71.2%
28.8%

vw
Car
All
1994
53.3%
0.6%
46.1%




100.0%


2.7%
1.8%

99.1%
0.9%
0.0%
vw
Car
All
1995
62.4%
0.8%
36.8%




100.0%


1.4%
5.4%

89.4%
10.6%

vw
Car
All
1996
58.3%
0.5%
41.2%




97.0%

3.0%
0.0%
4.3%

88.5%
11.5%

vw
Car
All
1997
59.6%
1.2%
39.3%




98.0%

2.0%
9.3%
6.7%

92.0%
8.0%

vw
Car
All
1998
54.6%
0.8%
44.5%




94.9%

5.1%
34.9%
20.8%

81.2%
18.8%

vw
Car
All
1999
39.6%
1.7%
58.8%




97.5%

2.5%
44.8%
25.6%

71.2%
28.8%
0.0%
vw
Car
All
2000
46.8%
1.2%
52.1%




94.8%

5.2%
45.4%
18.5%

76.8%
23.1%
0.2%
vw
Car
All
2001
44.8%
1.2%
54.0%




95.4%

4.6%
57.3%
27.8%

76.4%
23.2%
0.4%
vw
Car
All
2002
30.7%
1.1%
66.4%
1.7%



92.4%

7.6%
61.3%
13.7%

75.5%
24.3%
0.1%
vw
Car
All
2003
33.5%

63.0%
3.5%



93.3%

6.7%
64.4%
15.9%

72.6%
27.3%
0.1%
vw
Car
All
2004
28.5%
0.8%
66.9%
3.9%



93.3%

6.7%
65.6%
17.5%

72.0%
25.0%
3.0%
vw
Car
All
2005
23.0%
0.5%
72.2%
4.3%



89.0%

11.0%
69.3%
20.4%

78.2%
20.1%
1.7%
vw
Car
All
2006
21.9%
0.7%
72.9%
4.5%



87.4%

12.6%
86.4%
48.0%

75.0%
23.9%
1.1%
vw
Car
All
2007
24.5%

70.4%
5.1%



100.0%


100.0%
15.9%

81.3%
17.7%
1.0%
vw
Car
All
2008
18.0%

77.2%
4.9%


44.7%
55.3%


99.9%
19.5%

82.6%
16.8%
0.6%
vw
Car
All
2009
16.0%
1.5%
80.1%
2.5%


48.0%
37.7%

14.3%
99.9%
17.5%

92.0%
7.5%
0.6%
vw
Car
All
2010
15.6%
36.6%
44.5%
3.4%


46.6%
32.5%

20.9%
100.0%
79.8%

90.7%
7.1%
2.2%
vw
Car
All
2011
16.0%
0.4%
80.0%
3.6%


39.6%
41.0%

19.4%
93.5%
71.5%

92.8%
3.2%
4.0%
vw
Car
All
2012
13.7%
13.8%
71.0%
1.5%


40.0%
43.6%

16.5%
94.6%
78.1%
0.1%



vw
Car
All
2013
9.6%
2.0%
86.4%
2.0%


40.7%
40.8%

18.5%
95.2%
76.8%
1.1%



vw
Car
All
2014
9.2%
4.7%
84.0%
2.1%


65.7%
15.8%

18.6%
91.1%
72.6%
0.5%



vw
Car
All
2015
8.8%
3.6%
86.1%
1.4%


76.5%
8.1%

14.7%
91.7%
77.0%
0.3%



vw
Car
All
2016
8.4%
2.9%
87.8%
0.9%


97.6%
0.5%

0.4%
98.4%
98.1%
1.1%



vw
Car
All
2017
9.3%
3.9%
86.8%



99.0%
0.7%


99.6%
99.7%
0.7%



vw
Car
All
2018
7.7%
5.5%
86.7%



98.9%
0.6%


99.5%
99.6%
1.1%



vw
Truck
Van
1975
70.8%
29.2%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1976
84.8%
15.2%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1977
89.9%
10.1%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1978
85.0%
15.0%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1979
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1980
82.9%
17.1%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1981
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1982
89.0%
11.0%






61.7%
38.3%






vw
Truck
Van
1983
78.9%
21.1%






97.7%
2.3%






vw
Truck
Van
1984
74.3%
25.7%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1985
71.6%
28.4%






100.0%







vw
Truck
Van
1986
69.8%
30.2%





100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1987
53.9%
28.0%


18.1%


100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1988
56.0%
44.0%





100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1989
51.3%
40.3%


8.5%


100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1990
47.4%
48.6%


4.0%


100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1991
44.4%
55.6%





100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1992
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-124	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Truck
Van
1993
21.0
16.0
19.0
17.4
554
467
511
4157


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0263
43.7


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
1994
20.1
15.1
18.6
16.6
589
478
534
4260


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0257
42.8


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
1995
19.6
14.8
17.5
16.1
602
506
553
5000


150
109
16.5
0.727
0.0218
48.9


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
1996





















vw
Truck
Van
1997
18.5
13.4
17.5
15.3
663
508
582
5490


170
140
14.9
0.824
0.0255
50.8


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
1998





















vw
Truck
Van
1999
19.1
13.5
18.3
15.7
657
486
566
4897


170
140
14.3
0.824
0.0289
46.7


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
2000
19.0
13.3
18.2
15.6
666
489
571
5116


170
140
14.0
0.824
0.0276
48.5


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
2001
20.7
14.8
18.7
16.7
600
476
532
4850


170
201
10.6
1.182
0.0418
50.0


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
2002
20.9
14.9
18.6
16.8
595
477
530
4638


170
201
10.5
1.182
0.0435
48.3


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
2003
20.9
14.8
18.5
16.7
599
479
532
4564


170
201
10.3
1.182
0.0441
47.6


100.0%


vw
Truck
Van
2004





















vw
Truck
Van
2005





















vw
Truck
Van
2006





















vw
Truck
Van
2007





















vw
Truck
Van
2008





















vw
Truck
Van
2009





















vw
Truck
Van
2010





















vw
Truck
Van
2011





















vw
Truck
Van
2012





















vw
Truck
Van
2013





















vw
Truck
Van
2014





















vw
Truck
Van
2015





















vw
Truck
Van
2016





















vw
Truck
Van
2017





















vw
Truck
Van
2018





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-125	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Truck
Van
1993
35.7%

64.3%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1994
48.0%

52.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1995
43.8%

56.2%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1996
















vw
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
1998
















vw
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





vw
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





vw
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





vw
Truck
Van
2004
















vw
Truck
Van
2005
















vw
Truck
Van
2006
















vw
Truck
Van
2007
















vw
Truck
Van
2008
















vw
Truck
Van
2009
















vw
Truck
Van
2010
















vw
Truck
Van
2011
















vw
Truck
Van
2012
















vw
Truck
Van
2013
















vw
Truck
Van
2014
















vw
Truck
Van
2015
















vw
Truck
Van
2016
















vw
Truck
Van
2017
















vw
Truck
Van
2018
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-126	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1998





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2000





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2001





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2002





















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
18.0
12.4
17.3
14.7
718
514
604
5500


275
367
7.4
1.334
0.0667
49.5



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
18.7
12.8
17.7
15.2
693
501
586
5472


238
292
8.6
1.221
0.0534
51.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
19.1
13.1
17.9
15.5
674
496
575
5382


231
292
8.5
1.257
0.0541
51.7



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
19.1
13.1
17.9
15.5
677
497
577
5407


236
299
8.5
1.264
0.0551
52.0



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
19.5
13.5
17.9
15.7
657
497
567
5568


231
300
8.4
1.295
0.0539
54.5



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
20.1
13.6
19.1
16.3
651
464
546
5566
51.9

236
320
8.2
1.346
0.0574
56.1



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
547
408
475
4776
48.3

183
259
8.3
1.458
0.0539
56.1


24.5%
75.5%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
24.8
17.0
22.3
19.7
522
400
457
4627
48.1

175
248
8.5
1.449
0.0537
57.3


19.4%
80.6%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
26.6
18.2
24.3
21.2
490
368
424
4625
48.5

165
253
8.2
1.570
0.0544
61.4


16.2%
83.8%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
26.9
18.3
24.6
21.5
488
363
421
4737
49.5

170
258
8.1
1.558
0.0544
63.8



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
27.1
18.2
25.0
21.5
492
360
421
4786
49.6

169
264
8.0
1.597
0.0550
65.1



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
27.2
18.3
25.2
21.7
493
359
421
4801
50.0

171
268
7.9
1.597
0.0556
65.7



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
27.0
18.2
25.0
21.5
493
359
421
4795
50.1

162
264
7.9
1.641
0.0553
65.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
28.1
19.0
25.5
22.2
467
348
403
4591
48.9

160
263
7.8
1.670
0.0570
65.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
27.7
18.8
24.9
21.9
467
354
406
4652
50.2

160
284
7.5
1.787
0.0605
64.9



100.0%

vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
29.0
19.6
25.4
22.5
447
348
394
4458
50.0

158
260
7.7
1.699
0.0579
65.2


19.0%
81.0%

vw
Truck
Pickup
1975





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1976





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1977





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1978





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1979





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1980
31.3
24.8
29.4
26.7
360
310
348
2265


94
65
18.3
0.685
0.0286
37.6


100.0%


vw
Truck
Pickup
1981
36.9
29.1
34.8
31.4
329
278
310
2318


99
59
19.1
0.592
0.0253
43.6


100.0%


vw
Truck
Pickup
1982
39.2
31.8
35.4
33.3
302
276
293
2310


99
58
20.4
0.584
0.0250
46.2


100.0%


vw
Truck
Pickup
1983
35.7
28.3
33.3
30.3
323
282
310
2379


101
65
17.6
0.640
0.0272
43.5


100.0%


vw
Truck
Pickup
1984





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1985





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1986





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1987





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1988





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1989





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1990





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1991





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1992





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1993





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1994





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-127	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
















vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2004


100.0%




99.0%

1.0%
99.0%
99.0%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
0.3%

99.7%




97.8%

2.2%
97.8%
97.8%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2007


100.0%




98.7%

1.3%
98.7%
66.6%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.6%

99.4%



94.6%
5.1%

0.3%
99.7%
99.7%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
1.4%

98.6%



95.9%


4.1%
100.0%
97.7%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.8%
34.2%
65.0%



91.5%


8.5%
100.0%
95.1%




vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
0.5%

99.5%



91.4%


8.6%
100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
0.2%

99.8%



88.5%


11.5%
100.0%
88.5%
2.3%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
0.1%

99.9%



85.5%


14.5%
100.0%
85.5%
2.0%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
0.1%

99.9%



79.7%


20.3%
100.0%
79.7%
1.3%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2015

12.5%
87.5%



84.4%


15.6%
100.0%
84.4%
0.7%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2016

9.4%
90.6%



93.2%


6.8%
100.0%
93.2%
1.8%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2017

17.3%
82.7%



71.8%
28.2%


100.0%
100.0%
1.2%



vw
Truck
Truck SUV
2018

5.9%
94.1%



99.5%
0.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



vw
Truck
Pickup
1975
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1976
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1977
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1978
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1979
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1980
94.0%
6.0%






57.3%
42.7%






vw
Truck
Pickup
1981
100.0%







27.2%
72.8%






vw
Truck
Pickup
1982
100.0%







23.9%
76.1%






vw
Truck
Pickup
1983
100.0%







51.5%
48.5%






vw
Truck
Pickup
1984
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1985
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1986
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1987
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1988
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1989
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1990
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1991
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1992
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1993
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1994
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-128	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Truck
Pickup
1995





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1996





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1997





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1998





















vw
Truck
Pickup
1999





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2000





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2001





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2002





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2003





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2004





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2005





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2006





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2007





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2008





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2009





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2010





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2011





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2012





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2013





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2014





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2015





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2016





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2017





















vw
Truck
Pickup
2018





















vw
Truck
All
1975
20.7
16.2
19.8
17.6
550
447
505
3497


109
67

0.615
0.0192
36.2




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1976
19.9
15.1
20.1
17.0
587
440
523
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
34.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1977
22.2
17.2
21.5
18.9
516
413
470
3500


120
67

0.558
0.0191
38.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1978
20.0
15.7
19.1
17.0
568
464
521
3500


120
67
20.9
0.558
0.0191
35.0




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1979
18.7
14.8
17.6
16.0
599
502
557
3500


120
67
22.3
0.558
0.0191
32.9




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1980
25.2
19.7
24.2
21.5
424
356
423
2770


104
66
20.1
0.638
0.0249
36.4


62.7%

37.3%
vw
Truck
All
1981
29.5
23.3
27.8
25.1
372
314
374
2652


104
61
20.1
0.584
0.0236
41.2


74.8%

25.2%
vw
Truck
All
1982
27.8
22.6
24.9
23.6
376
351
400
3002


105
60
23.6
0.567
0.0208
44.1


49.0%

51.0%
vw
Truck
All
1983
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
531
454
517
3488


117
69
21.7
0.591
0.0201
36.2


11.0%

89.0%
vw
Truck
All
1984
20.7
16.6
18.9
17.6
533
470
506
3627


117
82
19.7
0.701
0.0227
37.5




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1985
21.3
17.2
19.2
18.1
514
461
492
3656


117
82
19.5
0.701
0.0225
39.0




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1986
19.2
15.7
17.0
16.2
566
520
547
3764


129
90
17.7
0.698
0.0240
36.2




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1987
18.9
15.4
16.6
15.9
574
534
558
3818


129
90
18.2
0.698
0.0237
36.2



18.1%
81.9%
vw
Truck
All
1988
19.9
16.1
17.4
16.7
551
508
533
3868


129
90
18.7
0.698
0.0234
38.6




100.0%
vw
Truck
All
1989
20.8
16.9
17.9
17.4
525
493
511
4042


129
90
18.5
0.698
0.0223
42.2



8.5%
91.5%
vw
Truck
All
1990
20.8
16.7
17.8
17.3
530
496
515
4020


129
90
17.6
0.698
0.0224
41.9



51.7%
48.3%
vw
Truck
All
1991
20.9
16.5
18.3
17.3
539
481
513
4021


129
90
17.5
0.698
0.0224
42.1



6.8%
93.2%
vw
Truck
All
1992





















vw
Truck
All
1993
21.0
16.0
19.0
17.4
554
467
511
4157


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0263
43.7


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
1994
20.1
15.1
18.6
16.6
589
478
534
4260


150
109
13.9
0.727
0.0257
42.8


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
1995
19.6
14.8
17.5
16.1
602
506
553
5000


150
109
16.5
0.727
0.0218
48.9


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-129	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Truck
Pickup
1995
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1996
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1997
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1998
















vw
Truck
Pickup
1999
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2000
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2001
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2002
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2003
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2004
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2005
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2006
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2007
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2008
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2009
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2010
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2011
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2012
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2013
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2014
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2015
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2016
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2017
















vw
Truck
Pickup
2018
















vw
Truck
All
1975
70.8%
29.2%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1976
84.8%
15.2%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1977
89.9%
10.1%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1978
85.0%
15.0%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1979
81.2%
18.8%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1980
89.9%
10.1%






73.2%
26.8%






vw
Truck
All
1981
95.3%
4.7%






45.5%
54.5%






vw
Truck
All
1982
94.4%
5.6%






43.2%
56.8%






vw
Truck
All
1983
81.2%
18.8%






92.6%
7.4%






vw
Truck
All
1984
74.3%
25.7%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1985
71.6%
28.4%






100.0%







vw
Truck
All
1986
69.8%
30.2%





100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1987
53.9%
28.0%


18.1%


100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1988
56.0%
44.0%





100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1989
51.3%
40.3%


8.5%


100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1990
47.4%
48.6%


4.0%


100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1991
44.4%
55.6%





100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1992
















vw
Truck
All
1993
35.7%

64.3%




100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1994
48.0%

52.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1995
43.8%

56.2%




100.0%








* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-130	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
Truck
All
1996





















vw
Truck
All
1997
18.5
13.4
17.5
15.3
663
508
582
5490


170
140
14.9
0.824
0.0255
50.8


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
1998





















vw
Truck
All
1999
19.1
13.5
18.3
15.7
657
486
566
4897


170
140
14.3
0.824
0.0289
46.7


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
2000
19.0
13.3
18.2
15.6
666
489
571
5116


170
140
14.0
0.824
0.0276
48.5


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
2001
20.7
14.8
18.7
16.7
600
476
532
4850


170
201
10.6
1.182
0.0418
50.0


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
2002
20.9
14.9
18.6
16.8
595
477
530
4638


170
201
10.5
1.182
0.0435
48.3


100.0%


vw
Truck
All
2003
20.2
14.2
18.3
16.2
621
486
548
4766


193
237
9.7
1.215
0.0490
48.0


78.5%
21.5%

vw
Truck
All
2004
18.7
12.8
17.7
15.2
693
501
586
5472


238
292
8.6
1.221
0.0534
51.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2005
19.1
13.1
17.9
15.5
674
496
575
5382


231
292
8.5
1.257
0.0541
51.7



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2006
19.1
13.1
17.9
15.5
677
497
577
5407


236
299
8.5
1.264
0.0551
52.0



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2007
19.5
13.5
17.9
15.7
657
497
567
5568


231
300
8.4
1.295
0.0539
54.5



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2008
20.1
13.6
19.1
16.3
651
464
546
5566
51.9

236
320
8.2
1.346
0.0574
56.1



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2009
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
547
408
475
4776
48.3

183
259
8.3
1.458
0.0539
56.1


24.5%
75.5%

vw
Truck
All
2010
24.8
17.0
22.3
19.7
522
400
457
4627
48.1

175
248
8.5
1.449
0.0537
57.3


19.4%
80.6%

vw
Truck
All
2011
26.6
18.2
24.3
21.2
490
368
424
4625
48.5

165
253
8.2
1.570
0.0544
61.4


16.2%
83.8%

vw
Truck
All
2012
26.9
18.3
24.6
21.5
488
363
421
4737
49.5

170
258
8.1
1.558
0.0544
63.8



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2013
27.1
18.2
25.0
21.5
492
360
421
4786
49.6

169
264
8.0
1.597
0.0550
65.1



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2014
27.2
18.3
25.2
21.7
493
359
421
4801
50.0

171
268
7.9
1.597
0.0556
65.7



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2015
27.0
18.2
25.0
21.5
493
359
421
4795
50.1

162
264
7.9
1.641
0.0553
65.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2016
28.1
19.0
25.5
22.2
467
348
403
4591
48.9

160
263
7.8
1.670
0.0570
65.3



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2017
27.7
18.8
24.9
21.9
467
354
406
4652
50.2

160
284
7.5
1.787
0.0605
64.9



100.0%

vw
Truck
All
2018
29.0
19.6
25.4
22.5
447
348
394
4458
50.0

158
260
7.7
1.699
0.0579
65.2


19.0%
81.0%

vw
All
All
1975
26.4
20.0
26.9
22.6
441
327
393
2375


95
69

0.725
0.0290
31.5


73.5%

26.5%
vw
All
All
1976
27.4
21.3
26.5
23.4
413
331
380
2350


100
74

0.741
0.0316
32.4


79.4%

20.6%
vw
All
All
1977
28.8
22.0
28.7
24.6
396
306
364
2366


99
74

0.745
0.0314
34.7


88.6%

11.4%
vw
All
All
1978
27.1
20.8
26.7
23.1
414
325
389
2420


98
75
14.8
0.764
0.0309
33.9


89.4%

10.6%
vw
All
All
1979
28.0
21.5
27.5
23.9
397
316
380
2433


99
72
16.9
0.728
0.0297
35.7


86.8%

13.2%
vw
All
All
1980
30.5
23.5
30.0
26.0
370
297
354
2420


100
70
17.6
0.691
0.0288
38.9


92.9%

7.1%
vw
All
All
1981
33.5
25.9
32.7
28.6
342
274
328
2437


106
68
17.6
0.634
0.0278
43.1


94.3%

5.7%
vw
All
All
1982
32.2
25.3
30.5
27.4
341
286
335
2539


109
73
18.4
0.665
0.0289
43.0


90.0%

10.0%
vw
All
All
1983
28.8
22.4
27.7
24.5
379
311
367
2616


118
89
15.1
0.741
0.0339
38.9


79.4%
0.3%
20.3%
vw
All
All
1984
27.7
21.6
26.5
23.6
394
324
380
2702


119
92
14.7
0.764
0.0341
38.5


83.7%
1.0%
15.2%
vw
All
All
1985
28.8
22.4
27.7
24.5
384
310
365
2747


121
97
14.1
0.799
0.0354
40.6


85.2%
1.4%
13.4%
vw
All
All
1986
28.5
22.0
27.4
24.2
391
314
369
2723


121
105
12.9
0.850
0.0381
39.7


84.9%
2.9%
12.1%
vw
All
All
1987
27.7
21.5
26.2
23.4
400
325
379
2778


121
109
12.8
0.884
0.0391
39.0


81.1%
4.4%
14.4%
vw
All
All
1988
29.4
22.5
27.9
24.8
388
313
359
2712


118
105
13.0
0.879
0.0384
40.2


87.8%
3.0%
9.2%
vw
All
All
1989
29.1
22.0
27.7
24.4
394
314
365
2783


119
108
12.7
0.889
0.0383
41.0


89.6%
1.8%
8.5%
vw
All
All
1990
27.9
20.9
26.7
23.3
415
325
381
2979


122
118
11.7
0.953
0.0391
41.8


88.7%
4.5%
6.8%
vw
All
All
1991
28.5
21.0
27.7
23.8
412
315
375
2985


121
114
12.2
0.920
0.0376
43.1


88.5%
2.7%
8.8%
vw
All
All
1992
28.7
20.9
28.1
23.9
418
314
372
2976


125
120
11.3
0.948
0.0397
42.9


94.4%
2.0%
3.5%
vw
All
All
1993
25.5
18.5
24.9
21.3
467
346
418
3279


146
136
10.3
0.914
0.0413
41.9


85.6%
10.5%
3.9%
vw
All
All
1994
27.7
19.9
27.0
23.0
441
326
387
3108


134
133
9.8
0.979
0.0424
43.2


85.6%
10.6%
3.8%
vw
All
All
1995
28.0
20.1
27.0
23.1
436
325
385
3147


138
138
9.8
0.985
0.0435
44.3


89.4%
5.2%
5.4%
vw
All
All
1996
27.8
19.6
27.1
22.9
447
325
389
3160


138
137
10.4
0.977
0.0429
44.6


86.1%
11.2%
2.7%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-131	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
Truck
All
1996
















vw
Truck
All
1997


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
All
1998
















vw
Truck
All
1999


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
All
2000


100.0%




100.0%








vw
Truck
All
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





vw
Truck
All
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





vw
Truck
All
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
21.5%




vw
Truck
All
2004


100.0%




99.0%

1.0%
99.0%
99.0%




vw
Truck
All
2005
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




vw
Truck
All
2006
0.3%

99.7%




97.8%

2.2%
97.8%
97.8%




vw
Truck
All
2007


100.0%




98.7%

1.3%
98.7%
66.6%




vw
Truck
All
2008
0.6%

99.4%



94.6%
5.1%

0.3%
99.7%
99.7%




vw
Truck
All
2009
1.4%

98.6%



95.9%


4.1%
100.0%
97.7%




vw
Truck
All
2010
0.8%
34.2%
65.0%



91.5%


8.5%
100.0%
95.1%




vw
Truck
All
2011
0.5%

99.5%



91.4%


8.6%
100.0%
100.0%
2.1%



vw
Truck
All
2012
0.2%

99.8%



88.5%


11.5%
100.0%
88.5%
2.3%



vw
Truck
All
2013
0.1%

99.9%



85.5%


14.5%
100.0%
85.5%
2.0%



vw
Truck
All
2014
0.1%

99.9%



79.7%


20.3%
100.0%
79.7%
1.3%



vw
Truck
All
2015

12.5%
87.5%



84.4%


15.6%
100.0%
84.4%
0.7%



vw
Truck
All
2016

9.4%
90.6%



93.2%


6.8%
100.0%
93.2%
1.8%



vw
Truck
All
2017

17.3%
82.7%



71.8%
28.2%


100.0%
100.0%
1.2%



vw
Truck
All
2018

5.9%
94.1%



99.5%
0.5%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



vw
All
All
1975
72.4%
24.7%
2.9%


54.3%

45.4%
0.3%







vw
All
All
1976
72.0%
28.0%



61.2%

38.2%
0.6%







vw
All
All
1977
80.8%
19.2%



27.6%

64.9%
0.7%
6.8%






vw
All
All
1978
73.8%
26.2%



1.0%

85.7%
0.9%
12.4%






vw
All
All
1979
79.3%
20.7%



0.0%

74.6%
4.0%
21.3%






vw
All
All
1980
84.5%
15.5%



3.3%

54.7%
6.7%
35.3%






vw
All
All
1981
86.4%
13.6%





45.6%
6.2%
48.2%






vw
All
All
1982
79.9%
20.1%



2.6%

60.9%
5.0%
31.4%






vw
All
All
1983
77.9%
22.1%



3.7%

75.2%
8.7%
12.4%






vw
All
All
1984
66.7%
33.3%



3.5%

79.7%
7.2%
9.6%






vw
All
All
1985
65.0%
35.0%





85.3%
6.4%
8.3%






vw
All
All
1986
65.3%
34.7%





95.1%

4.9%






vw
All
All
1987
68.7%
30.5%


0.8%


100.0%








vw
All
All
1988
76.1%
23.9%





100.0%








vw
All
All
1989
71.3%
28.5%


0.2%


97.5%
0.1%
2.4%






vw
All
All
1990
59.5%
29.4%
10.9%

0.2%


99.0%

1.0%






vw
All
All
1991
58.3%
23.3%
18.4%




96.0%

4.0%






vw
All
All
1992
59.1%
19.7%
21.2%




98.9%

1.1%
20.4%
1.4%

71.2%
28.8%

vw
All
All
1993
55.1%
1.8%
43.1%




100.0%



1.4%




vw
All
All
1994
53.3%
0.6%
46.1%




100.0%


2.7%
1.8%




vw
All
All
1995
62.2%
0.8%
37.0%




100.0%


1.4%
5.4%




vw
All
All
1996
58.3%
0.5%
41.2%




97.0%

3.0%
0.0%
4.3%

88.5%
11.5%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-132	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
vw
All
All
1997
28.0
19.7
27.0
22.9
444
325
388
3172


138
140
10.2
1.007
0.0439
44.9


80.7%
13.7%
5.7%
vw
All
All
1998
28.4
19.8
27.6
23.2
441
320
384
3206


134
142
10.5
1.056
0.0438
46.4


77.5%
18.3%
4.2%
vw
All
All
1999
27.8
19.2
27.0
22.7
454
327
392
3267


134
148
10.3
1.098
0.0449
46.0


78.3%
15.0%
6.7%
vw
All
All
2000
28.1
19.5
26.7
22.8
447
330
392
3265


135
152
9.7
1.121
0.0462
46.7


80.6%
14.5%
4.9%
vw
All
All
2001
27.7
19.0
26.3
22.4
457
334
398
3338


136
164
9.2
1.206
0.0485
47.0


73.1%
23.0%
3.9%
vw
All
All
2002
28.5
19.4
27.0
23.0
450
326
389
3410


132
166
9.5
1.262
0.0481
49.7


76.7%
19.5%
3.8%
vw
All
All
2003
28.9
19.6
27.1
23.2
447
325
386
3459


132
166
9.5
1.268
0.0476
50.9


79.6%
17.5%
2.9%
vw
All
All
2004
26.1
17.6
24.6
21.0
488
350
426
3844


153
196
9.1
1.280
0.0499
50.8


58.2%
39.6%
2.2%
vw
All
All
2005
26.5
17.7
25.0
21.2
488
346
422
3867


158
198
9.1
1.241
0.0501
52.2


57.9%
37.7%
4.4%
vw
All
All
2006
28.4
18.9
26.7
22.7
460
328
396
3763


156
200
8.7
1.285
0.0525
54.8


69.6%
25.2%
5.2%
vw
All
All
2007
27.3
18.2
25.9
21.9
479
336
406
3848


161
214
8.3
1.331
0.0550
52.8


66.7%
28.5%
4.8%
vw
All
All
2008
27.3
18.1
25.9
21.9
478
336
407
3890
44.4

164
223
8.1
1.374
0.0569
53.3


63.9%
32.3%
3.7%
vw
All
All
2009
29.4
19.6
27.3
23.4
447
323
385
3805
44.2

151
208
8.3
1.386
0.0542
57.1


67.3%
30.2%
2.5%
vw
All
All
2010
31.2
20.8
28.6
24.7
425
309
368
3774
44.4

147
203
8.5
1.390
0.0533
60.3


70.1%
27.7%
2.1%
vw
All
All
2011
31.4
21.4
29.3
25.3
412
303
358
3855
45.3

150
209
8.5
1.389
0.0534
61.6


61.5%
35.3%
3.2%
vw
All
All
2012
31.9
21.8
29.9
25.8
408
298
351
3767
45.6

148
205
8.4
1.385
0.0537
61.0


70.3%
27.6%
2.1%
vw
All
All
2013
32.2
21.9
30.1
25.9
405
297
350
3779
45.8

146
204
8.5
1.392
0.0532
62.0


68.3%
29.3%
2.5%
vw
All
All
2014
32.7
22.0
30.4
26.1
402
293
348
3841
46.3

140
211
8.4
1.497
0.0540
63.9


61.4%
35.3%
3.3%
vw
All
All
2015
33.8
22.3
31.1
26.6
0
0
339
3852
46.0

134
211
8.3
1.572
0.0543
67.3


59.7%
38.1%
2.2%
vw
All
All
2016
33.8
22.4
31.0
26.6
0
0
334
3894
45.9

130
220
8.0
1.702
0.0560
69.3


54.4%
43.2%
2.3%
vw
All
All
2017
33.6
22.4
30.7
26.5
0
0
335
3894
46.3

127
225
7.9
1.763
0.0569
67.0


53.0%
45.1%
1.9%
vw
All
All
2018
32.2
21.5
28.7
25.1
0
0
353
4052
47.4

141
241
7.7
1.727
0.0589
66.1


40.2%
57.2%
2.7%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992





















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
31.7
23.4
29.5
26.1
379
301
340
2750

103.9
98
82
13.3
0.837
0.0298
43.6
3293
4527
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
32.9
24.4
30.0
26.9
364
296
330
2750

103.9
98
88
12.1
0.898
0.0320
45.3
3425
4710
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
31.0
22.3
29.4
25.4
398
301
349
2750

101.3
102
99
11.6
0.970
0.0360
42.7
3147
4328
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
28.9
20.7
27.3
23.7
428
325
376
2750

103.9
111
121
10.5
1.088
0.0441
39.8
3010
4139
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
30.8
21.8
29.1
25.1
407
304
354
2750

103.9
111
121
10.4
1.088
0.0440
42.4
3202
4403
100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-133	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
vw
All
All
1997
59.0%
1.2%
39.8%




98.0%

2.0%
9.2%
6.6%




vw
All
All
1998
54.6%
0.8%
44.5%




94.9%

5.1%
34.9%
20.8%

81.2%
18.8%

vw
All
All
1999
39.3%
1.6%
59.0%




97.6%

2.4%
44.5%
25.4%




vw
All
All
2000
46.5%
1.2%
52.4%




94.9%

5.1%
45.1%
18.4%




vw
All
All
2001
44.5%
1.2%
54.3%




95.4%

4.6%
57.6%
27.6%




vw
All
All
2002
30.4%
1.1%
66.8%
1.7%



92.5%

7.5%
61.8%
13.5%




vw
All
All
2003
33.1%

63.5%
3.4%



93.4%

6.6%
64.9%
16.0%




vw
All
All
2004
24.0%
0.6%
72.2%
3.3%



94.2%

5.8%
71.0%
30.5%




vw
All
All
2005
19.7%
0.4%
76.2%
3.7%



90.6%

9.4%
73.8%
32.0%




vw
All
All
2006
20.3%
0.7%
74.9%
4.1%



88.2%

11.8%
87.3%
51.8%




vw
All
All
2007
22.3%

73.1%
4.7%



99.9%

0.1%
99.9%
20.4%




vw
All
All
2008
15.8%

80.0%
4.3%


51.0%
49.0%

0.0%
99.9%
29.5%




vw
All
All
2009
13.7%
1.2%
82.9%
2.1%


55.4%
31.9%

12.7%
100.0%
29.8%




vw
All
All
2010
13.4%
36.2%
47.6%
2.9%


53.3%
27.7%

19.1%
100.0%
82.1%




vw
All
All
2011
12.7%
0.3%
84.2%
2.8%


50.7%
32.2%

17.1%
94.9%
77.6%
0.5%



vw
All
All
2012
12.0%
12.0%
74.7%
1.3%


46.3%
37.9%

15.8%
95.3%
79.5%
0.4%



vw
All
All
2013
8.3%
1.8%
88.1%
1.8%


46.6%
35.5%

17.9%
95.8%
77.9%
1.2%



vw
All
All
2014
7.6%
3.8%
86.8%
1.8%


68.1%
13.0%

18.9%
92.7%
73.9%
0.7%



vw
All
All
2015
7.2%
5.3%
86.4%
1.2%


78.0%
6.5%

14.9%
93.2%
78.4%
0.4%



vw
All
All
2016
6.6%
4.3%
88.4%
0.7%


96.7%
0.4%

1.8%
98.8%
97.0%
1.2%



vw
All
All
2017
7.1%
7.1%
85.8%



92.3%
7.4%


99.7%
99.7%
0.8%



vw
All
All
2018
4.5%
5.7%
89.8%



99.2%
0.6%


99.7%
99.7%
0.8%



Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
















Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
48.1%

51.9%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
35.8%

64.2%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
29.3%

70.7%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
34.6%

65.4%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-134	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
30.7
21.4
29.4
25.0
415
302
356
2750

104.4
109
125
10.6
1.147
0.0455
42.2
3204
4405
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
30.7
21.3
29.3
24.9
417
304
357
2750

104.4
109
125
10.5
1.147
0.0455
42.2
3207
4409
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
29.8
20.3
28.8
24.2
438
308
368
2750

104.9
109
125
10.1
1.147
0.0455
40.9
3123
4293
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
30.3
20.9
28.1
24.3
421
315
366
2777

105.1
108
118
10.5
1.088
0.0422
41.9
3193
4412
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
29.4
20.2
27.1
23.5
435
326
378
2997

108.0
110
119
11.1
1.087
0.0396
44.1
3200
4764
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
30.1
20.3
28.2
24.0
435
315
370
3005

106.4
113
123
10.7
1.100
0.0409
45.2
3213
4813
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.9
19.2
27.4
23.1
456
321
384
3257

111.6
136
140
10.3
1.037
0.0426
47.1
3250
5257
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
29.2
19.3
27.7
23.3
454
317
381
3239

112.7
139
142
10.1
1.042
0.0436
47.3
3329
5341
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
32.4
21.4
30.3
25.7
410
290
346
3135

112.8
129
140
10.1
1.091
0.0443
51.0
3697
5752
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
33.0
21.9
30.4
26.0
401
290
341
3215

117.9
131
146
10.1
1.114
0.0450
53.0
3901
6248
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
33.3
22.1
30.6
26.2
397
288
339
3224
43.0
117.4
130
146
10.1
1.115
0.0448
53.6
3920
6299
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
34.8
23.2
31.5
27.3
380
280
326
3114
42.6
115.5
124
142
10.0
1.143
0.0452
54.2
4026
6258
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
36.1
24.2
32.0
28.1
365
277
316
3040
43.8
114.9
124
151
9.5
1.211
0.0494
54.9
4152
6302
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
36.6
24.4
31.8
28.1
363
278
316
3124
44.4
118.8
126
162
9.1
1.282
0.0513
57.4
4356
6799
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
36.7
24.5
32.2
28.4
360
274
313
3166
45.0
117.6
124
174
8.4
1.406
0.0547
58.7
4337
6873
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
36.9
24.6
32.4
28.5
358
272
312
3191
45.2
117.4
124
175
8.4
1.424
0.0546
59.4
4353
6951
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
35.5
23.4
31.9
27.6
376
277
322
3197
45.5
117.7
124
172
8.6
1.388
0.0533
57.1
4205
6700
100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
35.6
23.4
32.1
27.6
0
0
321
3264
46.0
118.2
128
176
8.5
1.382
0.0533
58.7
4253
6914
99.2%

0.8%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
37.6
24.8
33.1
28.9
0
0
307
3154
45.4
119.1
119
162
CO
CO
1.374
0.0512
60.5
4548
7194
99.8%

0.2%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
41.1
27.5
35.9
31.7
0
0
280
3186
45.6
117.5
122
155
CO
CO
1.278
0.0487
68.8
5036
8091
99.9%

0.1%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
40.5
27.1
34.4
30.9
0
0
286
3311
46.1
118.8
124
167
8.6
1.340
0.0498
72.0
5158
8567
92.7%
2.0%
5.2%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1975





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1976





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1977





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1978





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1979





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1983





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1986





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1987





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1988





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1989





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1990





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1991





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1992





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1993





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1994





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1995
25.6
18.8
23.5
21.0
471
377
423
3500


122
94
13.2
0.770
0.0269
44.7


100.0%


Kia
Car
Car SUV
1996
24.9
18.4
22.4
20.3
483
396
438
3500


122
130
11.2
1.066
0.0371
43.5




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1997
23.3
17.5
20.4
18.9
507
436
470
3500


122
130
11.8
1.066
0.0371
40.8




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1998
24.4
17.9
21.7
19.7
495
410
450
3500


122
130
12.2
1.066
0.0371
42.7




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-135	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
23.1%

76.9%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
25.5%

74.5%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
26.1%

73.9%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
24.3%

75.7%




100.0%


100.0%


84.2%
15.8%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
20.0%

80.0%




100.0%


100.0%


82.4%
17.6%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
19.9%

80.1%




100.0%


100.0%


83.2%
16.8%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
13.3%

86.7%




100.0%


100.0%
40.1%

31.2%
57.3%
11.5%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
12.2%

87.8%




100.0%


100.0%
59.4%

19.7%
63.2%
17.1%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
12.9%

87.1%




100.0%


100.0%
95.1%

20.4%
74.7%
4.9%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
7.0%

93.0%




100.0%


100.0%
18.7%

18.7%
78.7%
2.6%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


100.0%


20.7%
77.3%
2.0%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
6.8%

93.2%




100.0%


100.0%
38.8%

26.4%
73.0%
0.6%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
9.2%

90.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%

87.8%
12.2%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
7.7%
1.4%
90.9%



26.3%
73.7%


100.0%
100.0%
1.4%
53.2%
46.8%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
5.0%
4.1%
90.8%



52.6%
47.4%


100.0%
100.0%
4.1%
44.2%
55.8%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
4.0%
3.4%
92.7%



70.8%
29.2%


100.0%
100.0%
3.4%
46.8%
53.2%

Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
3.1%
2.6%
94.3%



84.7%
15.3%


100.0%
100.0%
2.6%
44.0%
50.1%
5.8%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
3.2%
2.3%
94.4%



85.3%
14.5%


99.8%
99.8%
2.2%
35.8%
60.3%
3.9%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
3.9%
3.0%
93.1%



81.8%
17.6%


99.4%
99.4%
1.2%
48.4%
19.5%
32.1%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
2.6%
12.5%
84.9%



65.4%
34.0%


99.5%
99.5%
10.6%
38.9%
38.0%
23.2%
Kia
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
2.5%
18.5%
79.0%



79.2%
20.1%


99.3%
99.3%
14.8%
41.7%
31.2%
27.1%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1975
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1976
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1977
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1978
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1979
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1983
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1986
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1987
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1988
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1989
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1990
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1991
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1992
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1993
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1994
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
1995
100.0%






100.0%








Kia
Car
Car SUV
1996
100.0%






100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
1997
33.8%

66.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
1998
28.7%

71.3%




100.0%


100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-136	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1999
24.4
17.8
21.6
19.7
499
411
452
3500


122
130
12.2
1.066
0.0371
42.7




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2000
23.3
17.1
20.4
18.7
520
435
474
3500


122
130
11.7
1.066
0.0371
40.9




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2001
22.9
16.6
20.1
18.4
535
441
484
3500


122
130
11.6
1.066
0.0371
40.1




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2002
23.1
16.7
20.2
18.4
533
440
482
3500


122
130
11.7
1.066
0.0371
40.5




100.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2003





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2004





















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2005
26.2
17.9
23.7
20.8
496
374
427
3851


150
163
10.4
1.097
0.0423
50.4


100.0%


Kia
Car
Car SUV
2006
26.4
18.0
23.8
20.9
491
372
424
3815


146
161
10.6
1.104
0.0420
50.3


100.0%


Kia
Car
Car SUV
2007
25.2
17.2
22.9
20.0
511
385
443
3963


169
191
9.9
1.136
0.0474
49.9


63.0%

37.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2008
25.1
17.1
23.0
20.0
514
386
444
4050
46.7

168
197
9.9
1.170
0.0478
50.7


49.7%

50.3%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2009
26.1
18.0
23.1
20.6
488
383
431
3989
47.5

168
196
9.7
1.164
0.0482
51.9


58.7%

41.3%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2010
28.7
20.0
24.6
22.4
444
360
397
3543
46.3

126
143
11.1
1.140
0.0403
50.8


99.7%

0.3%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2011
31.0
20.8
27.7
24.2
426
320
367
3923
46.9

163
202
8.9
1.231
0.0514
60.8


96.1%
3.9%
0.0%
Kia
Car
Car SUV
2012
30.4
20.3
27.5
23.9
437
321
372
3974
46.8

166
211
CO
CO
1.270
0.0528
60.4


73.9%
26.1%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2013
30.3
20.3
27.5
23.8
438
321
373
3978
46.8

167
213
8.7
1.275
0.0534
60.3


72.8%
27.2%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2014
28.6
19.3
25.2
22.2
460
352
400
3999
46.9

162
219
8.6
1.339
0.0545
57.3


67.5%
32.5%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2015
28.7
19.4
25.9
22.6
457
342
393
3970
46.8

162
217
8.6
1.331
0.0544
57.0


69.8%
30.2%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2016
30.5
20.6
27.3
23.9
432
325
371
3884
48.1

142
193
9.0
1.374
0.0499
59.3


75.7%
24.3%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2017
32.0
21.6
28.6
25.1
411
309
354
3767
47.7

144
189
9.0
1.331
0.0504
60.3


84.0%
16.0%

Kia
Car
Car SUV
2018
33.4
22.4
29.1
25.8
396
305
345
3553
46.6

144
187
8.7
1.310
0.0525
59.3


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1975





















Kia
Car
All
1976





















Kia
Car
All
1977





















Kia
Car
All
1978





















Kia
Car
All
1979





















Kia
Car
All
1980





















Kia
Car
All
1981





















Kia
Car
All
1982





















Kia
Car
All
1983





















Kia
Car
All
1984





















Kia
Car
All
1985





















Kia
Car
All
1986





















Kia
Car
All
1987





















Kia
Car
All
1988





















Kia
Car
All
1989





















Kia
Car
All
1990





















Kia
Car
All
1991





















Kia
Car
All
1992





















Kia
Car
All
1993
31.7
23.4
29.5
26.1
379
301
340
2750


98
82
13.3
0.837
0.0298
43.6


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1994
32.9
24.4
30.0
26.9
364
296
330
2750


98
88
12.1
0.898
0.0320
45.3


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1995
30.9
22.2
29.3
25.4
399
302
351
2761


102
99
11.7
0.967
0.0358
42.8


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1996
28.6
20.5
26.9
23.4
431
329
380
2798


112
122
10.5
1.087
0.0436
40.1


93.6%

6.4%
Kia
Car
All
1997
29.1
20.9
27.1
23.7
422
321
374
2882


113
122
10.7
1.084
0.0428
42.1


82.4%

17.6%
Kia
Car
All
1998
29.5
20.8
27.9
24.0
426
315
370
2864


111
126
10.8
1.134
0.0442
42.3


84.8%

15.2%
Kia
Car
All
1999
29.3
20.5
27.5
23.7
430
319
374
2889


111
126
10.9
1.132
0.0439
42.3


81.4%

18.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-137	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Car
Car SUV
1999
20.2%

79.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
2000
18.4%

81.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
2001
17.0%

83.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
2002
19.2%

80.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
2003
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2004
















Kia
Car
Car SUV
2005
7.7%

92.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
Car SUV
2006
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%


100.0%
37.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2007
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


100.0%
44.4%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2008
2.2%

97.8%




100.0%


100.0%
92.6%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2009
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
63.4%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2010
3.4%

96.6%




100.0%


100.0%
91.9%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2011
2.3%

97.7%



1.1%
98.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2012
0.5%

99.5%



36.3%
63.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2013
0.0%

100.0%



35.8%
64.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Car
All
1975
















Kia
Car
All
1976
















Kia
Car
All
1977
















Kia
Car
All
1978
















Kia
Car
All
1979
















Kia
Car
All
1980
















Kia
Car
All
1981
















Kia
Car
All
1982
















Kia
Car
All
1983
















Kia
Car
All
1984
















Kia
Car
All
1985
















Kia
Car
All
1986
















Kia
Car
All
1987
















Kia
Car
All
1988
















Kia
Car
All
1989
















Kia
Car
All
1990
















Kia
Car
All
1991
















Kia
Car
All
1992
















Kia
Car
All
1993


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1994
48.1%

51.9%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
1995
36.8%

63.2%




100.0%


98.5%





Kia
Car
All
1996
33.8%

66.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
1997
34.5%

65.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
1998
24.0%

76.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
1999
24.5%

75.5%




100.0%


100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-138	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Car
All
2000
27.9
19.4
26.2
22.6
455
332
394
2932


112
126
10.5
1.127
0.0434
40.9


75.8%

24.2%
Kia
Car
All
2001
28.9
20.1
26.5
23.2
435
329
383
2885


110
120
10.7
1.085
0.0415
41.7


85.1%

14.9%
Kia
Car
All
2002
28.4
19.7
25.9
22.7
446
338
392
3064


112
121
11.2
1.084
0.0392
43.6


86.5%

13.5%
Kia
Car
All
2003
30.1
20.3
28.2
24.0
435
315
370
3005


113
123
10.7
1.100
0.0409
45.2


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
2004
28.9
19.2
27.4
23.1
456
321
384
3257


136
140
10.3
1.037
0.0426
47.1


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
2005
28.9
19.1
27.3
23.0
458
322
386
3300


140
144
10.1
1.047
0.0434
47.6


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
2006
31.4
20.8
29.2
24.9
419
300
357
3229


131
143
10.1
1.093
0.0440
50.9


100.0%


Kia
Car
All
2007
30.7
20.6
28.2
24.3
422
308
365
3390


140
156
10.0
1.119
0.0456
52.3


91.3%

8.7%
Kia
Car
All
2008
30.9
20.6
28.3
24.4
420
307
364
3420
43.9

139
158
10.0
1.128
0.0455
52.9


88.1%

11.9%
Kia
Car
All
2009
32.6
21.9
29.3
25.6
398
296
347
3292
43.6

133
153
9.9
1.147
0.0458
53.8


91.6%

CO
Kia
Car
All
2010
35.8
24.1
31.7
27.9
367
279
318
3054
43.8

124
150
9.5
1.209
0.0492
54.8


100.0%

0.0%
Kia
Car
All
2011
34.2
22.9
30.1
26.5
385
292
335
3428
45.4

140
177
9.0
1.263
0.0513
58.7


98.5%
1.5%
0.0%
Kia
Car
All
2012
34.5
23.0
30.6
26.8
380
286
331
3411
45.6

137
185
8.5
1.365
0.0541
59.2


92.1%
7.9%

Kia
Car
All
2013
35.3
23.5
31.2
27.4
373
281
325
3356
45.5

133
183
8.5
1.393
0.0543
59.6


94.3%
5.7%

Kia
Car
All
2014
33.4
22.2
29.8
26.0
395
293
342
3406
45.8

134
184
8.6
1.376
0.0536
57.1


91.6%
CO

Kia
Car
All
2015
34.0
22.5
30.7
26.5
0
0
335
3400
46.2

134
184
8.5
1.372
0.0535
58.3


93.5%
5.8%
0.7%
Kia
Car
All
2016
36.1
23.9
31.9
27.9
0
0
318
3279
45.9

123
168
CO
CO
1.374
0.0510
60.3


95.7%
4.2%
0.1%
Kia
Car
All
2017
38.4
25.8
33.8
29.8
0
0
298
3326
46.1

127
164
8.9
1.291
0.0491
66.7


96.0%
3.8%
0.1%
Kia
Car
All
2018
39.8
26.7
34.0
30.4
0
0
290
3329
46.1

125
168
8.6
1.338
0.0500
71.1


93.3%
1.9%
4.8%
Kia
Truck
Van
1975





















Kia
Truck
Van
1976





















Kia
Truck
Van
1977





















Kia
Truck
Van
1978





















Kia
Truck
Van
1979





















Kia
Truck
Van
1980





















Kia
Truck
Van
1981





















Kia
Truck
Van
1982





















Kia
Truck
Van
1983





















Kia
Truck
Van
1984





















Kia
Truck
Van
1985





















Kia
Truck
Van
1986





















Kia
Truck
Van
1987





















Kia
Truck
Van
1988





















Kia
Truck
Van
1989





















Kia
Truck
Van
1990





















Kia
Truck
Van
1991





















Kia
Truck
Van
1992





















Kia
Truck
Van
1993





















Kia
Truck
Van
1994





















Kia
Truck
Van
1995





















Kia
Truck
Van
1996





















Kia
Truck
Van
1997





















Kia
Truck
Van
1998





















Kia
Truck
Van
1999





















Kia
Truck
Van
2000





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-139	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Car
All
2000
24.3%

75.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
2001
23.2%

76.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
2002
19.9%

80.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Car
All
2003
19.9%

80.1%




100.0%


100.0%


83.2%
16.8%

Kia
Car
All
2004
13.3%

86.7%




100.0%


100.0%
40.1%

31.2%
57.3%
11.5%
Kia
Car
All
2005
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%


100.0%
53.5%




Kia
Car
All
2006
12.3%

87.7%




100.0%


100.0%
87.1%




Kia
Car
All
2007
6.4%

93.6%




100.0%


100.0%
24.8%




Kia
Car
All
2008
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%


100.0%
22.0%




Kia
Car
All
2009
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


100.0%
43.8%




Kia
Car
All
2010
9.1%

90.9%




100.0%


100.0%
99.8%




Kia
Car
All
2011
5.6%
0.9%
93.5%



16.7%
83.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.9%



Kia
Car
All
2012
3.7%
2.9%
93.5%



47.7%
52.3%


100.0%
100.0%
2.9%



Kia
Car
All
2013
3.2%
2.7%
94.2%



63.4%
36.6%


100.0%
100.0%
2.7%



Kia
Car
All
2014
2.3%
1.9%
95.8%



88.7%
11.3%


100.0%
100.0%
1.9%



Kia
Car
All
2015
2.6%
1.9%
95.5%



88.1%
11.7%


99.9%
99.9%
1.7%



Kia
Car
All
2016
3.2%
2.5%
94.3%



84.9%
14.6%


99.5%
99.5%
1.0%



Kia
Car
All
2017
2.0%
9.5%
88.6%



73.8%
25.8%


99.6%
99.6%
8.0%



Kia
Car
All
2018
2.3%
17.1%
80.6%



80.7%
18.6%


99.3%
99.3%
13.7%



Kia
Truck
Van
1975
















Kia
Truck
Van
1976
















Kia
Truck
Van
1977
















Kia
Truck
Van
1978
















Kia
Truck
Van
1979
















Kia
Truck
Van
1980
















Kia
Truck
Van
1981
















Kia
Truck
Van
1982
















Kia
Truck
Van
1983
















Kia
Truck
Van
1984
















Kia
Truck
Van
1985
















Kia
Truck
Van
1986
















Kia
Truck
Van
1987
















Kia
Truck
Van
1988
















Kia
Truck
Van
1989
















Kia
Truck
Van
1990
















Kia
Truck
Van
1991
















Kia
Truck
Van
1992
















Kia
Truck
Van
1993
















Kia
Truck
Van
1994
















Kia
Truck
Van
1995
















Kia
Truck
Van
1996
















Kia
Truck
Van
1997
















Kia
Truck
Van
1998
















Kia
Truck
Van
1999
















Kia
Truck
Van
2000
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-140	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Truck
Van
2001





















Kia
Truck
Van
2002
20.0
14.0
18.7
16.2
635
476
547
5000


213
193
10.8
0.906
0.0386
50.0


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2003
20.0
13.9
18.6
16.2
639
478
549
5000


213
193
10.7
0.906
0.0386
50.0


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2004
21.1
14.1
20.8
17.3
628
427
515
5000


213
195
10.6
0.915
0.0390
52.9


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2005
21.3
14.2
20.7
17.3
625
429
513
5000


213
195
10.6
0.915
0.0390
53.3


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2006
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
559
392
464
4500


231
244
8.7
1.056
0.0542
53.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2007
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
559
392
464
4500


231
244
CO
CO
1.056
0.0542
53.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2008
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
559
392
464
4500
54.7

231
244
CO
CO
1.056
0.0542
53.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2009
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
559
392
464
4500
54.7

231
250
8.5
1.082
0.0556
53.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2010
24.7
16.6
23.3
19.8
536
382
448
4500
54.7

232
250
8.6
1.078
0.0556
55.6


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2011
26.8
18.1
24.5
21.3
491
363
418
4500
54.7

214
271
8.0
1.269
0.0602
60.3


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2012
26.8
18.1
24.5
21.3
491
363
418
4500
54.7

214
271
8.0
1.269
0.0602
60.3


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2013





















Kia
Truck
Van
2014
25.4
17.2
23.4
20.2
518
379
439
4500
54.7

214
269
8.0
1.259
0.0598
57.1


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2015
26.2
17.7
24.0
20.8
501
370
427
4558
57.5

201
276
8.0
1.371
0.0606
59.7


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2016
26.3
17.8
24.1
20.9
500
369
425
4529
57.5

201
276
7.9
1.371
0.0610
59.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2017
26.3
17.8
24.3
21.0
500
366
423
4512
57.6

201
276
7.9
1.371
0.0612
59.4


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Van
2018
26.3
17.8
24.1
20.9
500
368
425
4525
57.5

201
276
7.9
1.371
0.0610
59.5


100.0%


Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
24.3
18.1
22.1
19.9
490
401
446
3500


122
110
12.7
0.903
0.0315
42.6



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
23.0
17.2
20.5
18.8
516
433
473
3500


122
130
12.1
1.066
0.0371
40.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
24.0
17.8
21.4
19.5
500
415
455
3500


122
130
12.0
1.066
0.0371
42.0



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
24.4
17.9
21.7
19.7
495
410
450
3500


122
130
12.4
1.066
0.0371
42.7



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
24.4
17.8
21.6
19.7
498
412
452
3500


122
130
12.4
1.066
0.0371
42.7



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
23.6
17.3
20.5
18.9
513
433
470
3500


122
130
11.9
1.066
0.0371
41.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
22.9
16.6
20.2
18.4
535
440
483
3500


122
130
11.7
1.066
0.0371
40.2



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-141	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Truck
Van
2001
















Kia
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2008


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2009


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Van
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2013
















Kia
Truck
Van
2014


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Van
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
60.7%

39.3%




100.0%


52.1%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
28.9%

71.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
37.2%

62.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
27.3%

72.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.4%

79.6%




100.0%


100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-142	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
23.3
16.8
20.3
18.6
528
439
479
3500


122
130
11.9
1.066
0.0371
40.8



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
19.3
13.6
17.8
15.6
655
500
568
4500


213
192
10.2
0.901
0.0427
43.6



53.8%
46.2%
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
19.9
14.0
18.0
16.0
635
494
555
4500


213
192
10.2
0.901
0.0427
44.9



52.7%
47.3%
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
20.7
14.1
19.5
16.7
628
453
531
4428


206
189
9.9
0.926
0.0427
46.0



53.5%
46.5%
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
21.1
14.3
19.8
17.0
615
447
523
4389


201
187
10.1
0.939
0.0427
46.4



53.4%
46.6%
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
23.2
16.0
20.9
18.5
553
426
482
4245


194
216
9.5
1.104
0.0503
49.2



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
23.4
16.0
21.3
18.7
553
417
476
4239
46.6

184
208
9.8
1.127
0.0488
49.5



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
24.3
16.7
22.0
19.4
528
404
459
4245
47.6

189
215
9.4
1.129
0.0502
51.7



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
25.7
17.9
22.5
20.3
497
394
438
4000
46.3

164
173
10.6
1.050
0.0431
51.4



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
29.1
19.8
25.8
22.8
447
344
390
4056
46.8

169
212
9.0
1.251
0.0518
58.9



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
29.5
20.0
26.8
23.4
444
331
380
3541
45.6

144
183
9.1
1.279
0.0515
52.2



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
29.5
20.0
26.8
23.4
444
331
380
3542
45.6

144
183
9.1
1.279
0.0515
52.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
28.6
19.4
25.6
22.5
459
347
395
3567
45.6

143
192
CO
CO
1.362
0.0537
50.9



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
28.8
19.5
25.8
22.6
455
345
392
3507
45.7

146
183
9.0
1.256
0.0522
50.5



100.0%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
27.6
18.5
25.5
21.9
479
347
405
4225
48.3

180
250
8.2
1.376
0.0587
58.3


40.6%
59.4%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
28.2
19.1
25.4
22.3
462
349
399
4231
48.0

171
234
8.6
1.366
0.0549
59.6


26.4%
73.6%

Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
28.6
19.4
25.6
22.5
456
346
395
4184
48.3

165
227
8.7
1.380
0.0538
59.9


43.3%
56.7%

Kia
Truck
All
1975





















Kia
Truck
All
1976





















Kia
Truck
All
1977





















Kia
Truck
All
1978





















Kia
Truck
All
1979





















Kia
Truck
All
1980





















Kia
Truck
All
1981





















Kia
Truck
All
1982





















Kia
Truck
All
1983





















Kia
Truck
All
1984





















Kia
Truck
All
1985





















Kia
Truck
All
1986





















Kia
Truck
All
1987





















Kia
Truck
All
1988





















Kia
Truck
All
1989





















Kia
Truck
All
1990





















Kia
Truck
All
1991





















Kia
Truck
All
1992





















Kia
Truck
All
1993





















Kia
Truck
All
1994





















Kia
Truck
All
1995
24.3
18.1
22.1
19.9
490
401
446
3500


122
110
12.7
0.903
0.0315
42.6



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
1996
23.0
17.2
20.5
18.8
516
433
473
3500


122
130
12.1
1.066
0.0371
40.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
1997
24.0
17.8
21.4
19.5
500
415
455
3500


122
130
12.0
1.066
0.0371
42.0



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
1998
24.4
17.9
21.7
19.7
495
410
450
3500


122
130
12.4
1.066
0.0371
42.7



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
1999
24.4
17.8
21.6
19.7
498
412
452
3500


122
130
12.4
1.066
0.0371
42.7



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2000
23.6
17.3
20.5
18.9
513
433
470
3500


122
130
11.9
1.066
0.0371
41.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2001
22.9
16.6
20.2
18.4
535
440
483
3500


122
130
11.7
1.066
0.0371
40.2



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2002
20.9
14.8
19.1
16.9
598
464
526
4532


185
173
11.1
0.956
0.0381
47.1


68.8%
31.2%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-143	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
26.0%

74.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
8.2%

91.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
6.9%

93.1%




100.0%


100.0%
1.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%


100.0%
3.5%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
2.6%

97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
89.2%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


100.0%
24.7%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
1.4%

98.6%




100.0%


100.0%
1.4%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2011


100.0%



2.2%
97.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%



8.3%
91.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



8.4%
91.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
1975
















Kia
Truck
All
1976
















Kia
Truck
All
1977
















Kia
Truck
All
1978
















Kia
Truck
All
1979
















Kia
Truck
All
1980
















Kia
Truck
All
1981
















Kia
Truck
All
1982
















Kia
Truck
All
1983
















Kia
Truck
All
1984
















Kia
Truck
All
1985
















Kia
Truck
All
1986
















Kia
Truck
All
1987
















Kia
Truck
All
1988
















Kia
Truck
All
1989
















Kia
Truck
All
1990
















Kia
Truck
All
1991
















Kia
Truck
All
1992
















Kia
Truck
All
1993
















Kia
Truck
All
1994
















Kia
Truck
All
1995
60.7%

39.3%




100.0%


52.1%





Kia
Truck
All
1996
28.9%

71.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
1997
37.2%

62.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
1998
27.6%

72.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
1999
27.3%

72.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2000
25.2%

74.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2001
20.4%

79.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2002
8.1%

91.9%




100.0%


100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-144	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
Truck
All
2003
19.7
13.8
18.2
15.9
646
488
558
4773


213
193
10.5
0.904
0.0404
47.1


54.6%
24.4%
21.0%
Kia
Truck
All
2004
20.6
14.1
19.4
16.6
632
456
534
4764


213
194
10.4
0.909
0.0407
49.1


52.9%
24.9%
22.3%
Kia
Truck
All
2005
21.0
14.1
20.1
17.0
626
440
522
4733


210
192
10.3
0.920
0.0407
49.9


53.3%
25.0%
21.7%
Kia
Truck
All
2006
22.1
15.0
20.9
17.9
590
422
498
4436


214
211
9.5
0.989
0.0476
49.4


42.2%
30.9%
27.0%
Kia
Truck
All
2007
23.6
15.9
22.1
18.9
557
402
469
4423


220
235
9.0
1.071
0.0530
52.2


69.8%
30.2%

Kia
Truck
All
2008
23.6
15.9
22.1
19.0
556
402
469
4393
51.4

212
229
9.2
1.085
0.0520
51.9


59.1%
40.9%

Kia
Truck
All
2009
24.1
16.4
22.3
19.3
541
399
461
4359
50.8

208
231
9.0
1.108
0.0526
52.5


44.5%
55.5%

Kia
Truck
All
2010
25.0
16.9
23.1
20.0
524
385
445
4362
52.4

213
229
9.1
1.070
0.0521
54.5


72.4%
27.6%

Kia
Truck
All
2011
28.6
19.5
25.5
22.5
455
347
395
4141
48.3

178
223
CO
CO
1.254
0.0534
59.2


19.0%
81.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2012
27.6
18.7
25.2
21.9
475
352
406
4203
51.9

192
244
8.3
1.272
0.0575
57.8


69.0%
31.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2013
29.5
20.0
26.8
23.4
444
331
380
3542
45.6

144
183
9.1
1.279
0.0515
52.3



100.0%

Kia
Truck
All
2014
26.9
18.2
24.5
21.3
486
362
416
4020
50.0

177
230
8.4
1.312
0.0567
53.9


48.5%
51.5%

Kia
Truck
All
2015
27.2
18.4
24.7
21.5
481
359
412
4124
52.6

179
238
8.4
1.323
0.0571
55.9


58.7%
41.3%

Kia
Truck
All
2016
27.2
18.2
25.1
21.6
485
354
412
4322
51.3

187
258
8.1
1.374
0.0594
58.7


59.5%
40.5%

Kia
Truck
All
2017
27.8
18.8
25.2
22.0
470
352
405
4292
50.0

177
243
8.5
1.367
0.0562
59.6


42.4%
57.6%

Kia
Truck
All
2018
28.1
19.0
25.3
22.2
464
350
401
4252
50.2

172
237
8.5
1.378
0.0553
59.8


54.5%
45.5%

Kia
All
All
1975





















Kia
All
All
1976





















Kia
All
All
1977





















Kia
All
All
1978





















Kia
All
All
1979





















Kia
All
All
1980





















Kia
All
All
1981





















Kia
All
All
1982





















Kia
All
All
1983





















Kia
All
All
1984





















Kia
All
All
1985





















Kia
All
All
1986





















Kia
All
All
1987





















Kia
All
All
1988





















Kia
All
All
1989





















Kia
All
All
1990





















Kia
All
All
1991





















Kia
All
All
1992





















Kia
All
All
1993
31.7
23.4
29.5
26.1
379
301
340
2750


98
82
13.3
0.837
0.0298
43.6


100.0%


Kia
All
All
1994
32.9
24.4
30.0
26.9
364
296
330
2750


98
88
12.1
0.898
0.0320
45.3


100.0%


Kia
All
All
1995
28.3
20.7
26.4
23.3
425
329
382
3006


109
103
12.0
0.946
0.0344
42.7


66.9%
33.1%

Kia
All
All
1996
27.3
19.8
25.4
22.4
445
344
397
2932


114
123
10.8
1.083
0.0424
40.1


75.8%
19.1%
5.1%
Kia
All
All
1997
27.8
20.1
25.6
22.7
437
338
392
3016


115
124
10.9
1.080
0.0415
42.1


64.5%
21.7%
13.8%
Kia
All
All
1998
28.0
20.0
26.0
22.8
441
334
390
3024


114
127
11.2
1.117
0.0424
42.4


63.4%
25.2%
11.4%
Kia
All
All
1999
27.8
19.7
25.6
22.5
446
339
395
3051


114
127
11.3
1.114
0.0421
42.4


59.9%
26.4%
13.7%
Kia
All
All
2000
26.9
18.9
24.8
21.7
466
348
409
3048


114
127
10.8
1.115
0.0422
41.0


60.3%
20.4%
19.3%
Kia
All
All
2001
27.9
19.5
25.4
22.4
447
341
397
2972


112
121
10.8
1.082
0.0409
41.5


73.0%
14.2%
12.8%
Kia
All
All
2002
25.7
18.0
23.5
20.7
481
366
430
3483


132
136
11.2
1.048
0.0389
44.6


81.5%
8.9%
9.6%
Kia
All
All
2003
24.8
17.0
23.1
19.9
501
368
446
3721


153
151
10.6
1.021
0.0407
45.9


81.6%
9.9%
8.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-145	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
Truck
All
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2004
3.9%

96.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2005
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
Truck
All
2006
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


100.0%
0.6%




Kia
Truck
All
2007
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


100.0%
1.1%




Kia
Truck
All
2008
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


100.0%
36.5%




Kia
Truck
All
2009
1.1%

98.9%




100.0%


100.0%
13.7%




Kia
Truck
All
2010
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
72.8%




Kia
Truck
All
2011


100.0%



1.8%
98.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2012


100.0%



2.6%
97.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2013


100.0%



8.4%
91.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



51.5%
48.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
Truck
All
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Kia
All
All
1975
















Kia
All
All
1976
















Kia
All
All
1977
















Kia
All
All
1978
















Kia
All
All
1979
















Kia
All
All
1980
















Kia
All
All
1981
















Kia
All
All
1982
















Kia
All
All
1983
















Kia
All
All
1984
















Kia
All
All
1985
















Kia
All
All
1986
















Kia
All
All
1987
















Kia
All
All
1988
















Kia
All
All
1989
















Kia
All
All
1990
















Kia
All
All
1991
















Kia
All
All
1992
















Kia
All
All
1993


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
All
All
1994
48.1%

51.9%




100.0%


100.0%


100.0%


Kia
All
All
1995
44.7%

55.3%




100.0%


83.1%





Kia
All
All
1996
32.9%

67.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
1997
35.1%

64.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
1998
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
1999
25.3%

74.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
2000
24.4%

75.6%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
2001
22.8%

77.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
2002
16.5%

83.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Kia
All
All
2003
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%


100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-146	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Kia
All
All
2004
25.1
16.9
23.7
20.2
509
361
440
3822


165
160
10.3
0.989
0.0419
47.8


82.3%
9.3%
CO
Kia
All
All
2005
24.4
16.3
23.2
19.6
528
371
453
4005


174
168
10.2
0.985
0.0421
48.7


77.0%
12.3%
10.7%
Kia
All
All
2006
27.0
18.1
25.3
21.6
472
338
412
3698


163
169
9.9
1.052
0.0454
50.3


77.5%
12.0%
10.5%
Kia
All
All
2007
28.3
19.0
26.1
22.5
454
330
395
3686


163
179
9.7
1.105
0.0477
52.3


85.2%
8.6%
6.2%
Kia
All
All
2008
28.8
19.3
26.6
22.9
445
325
388
3647
45.7

156
175
9.9
1.118
0.0470
52.7


81.3%
9.6%
9.1%
Kia
All
All
2009
30.7
20.7
27.8
24.2
417
311
367
3481
44.9

146
167
9.7
1.140
0.0470
53.5


83.2%
9.8%
6.9%
Kia
All
All
2010
34.5
23.2
30.7
27.0
377
286
330
3169
44.6

132
157
9.5
1.197
0.0494
54.8


97.6%
2.4%
0.0%
Kia
All
All
2011
33.0
22.1
29.1
25.6
396
302
347
3563
45.9

147
186
9.0
1.261
0.0517
58.8


83.4%
16.6%
0.0%
Kia
All
All
2012
33.7
22.5
30.0
26.2
388
292
339
3490
46.2

142
191
8.5
1.356
0.0544
59.1


89.8%
10.2%

Kia
All
All
2013
35.1
23.4
31.1
27.2
374
282
326
3361
45.5

133
183
8.5
1.390
0.0542
59.4


91.7%
8.3%

Kia
All
All
2014
33.0
21.9
29.5
25.7
399
296
346
3438
46.1

136
187
8.6
1.372
0.0538
57.0


89.3%
10.7%

Kia
All
All
2015
33.4
22.1
30.1
26.1
0
0
341
3453
46.7

138
187
8.5
1.369
0.0538
58.2


91.0%
CO
0.6%
Kia
All
All
2016
33.7
22.4
30.1
26.2
0
0
338
3508
47.1

137
187
8.7
1.374
0.0528
60.0


87.8%
12.1%
0.1%
Kia
All
All
2017
34.7
23.4
30.9
27.2
0
0
327
3592
47.2

141
186
CO
CO
1.312
0.0511
64.8


81.2%
18.7%
0.1%
Kia
All
All
2018
35.9
24.2
31.2
27.7
0
0
319
3568
47.2

137
186
8.6
1.348
0.0514
68.2


83.2%
13.2%
3.6%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
17.3
13.5
16.5
14.7
632
535
624
3934


205
124

0.587
0.0306
36.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
18.6
14.7
17.6
15.9
597
519
590
3924


196
110

0.550
0.0277
39.0




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
19.2
15.4
17.5
16.3
572
517
573
3931

101.0
199
117

0.571
0.0291
40.1
2119
4100


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
18.7
14.7
17.6
15.9
594
518
589
3971

95.9
208
128
15.5
0.606
0.0319
39.8
1979
3884


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
20.5
16.4
18.9
17.4
538
491
548
3950

97.0
203
119
16.6
0.569
0.0296
43.7
2236
4359


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
23.9
19.5
21.4
20.3
491
451
480
3781

98.0
195
102
17.8
0.512
0.0266
46.4
2462
4632


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
25.6
21.1
22.5
21.7
454
432
451
3747

97.5
184
103
17.4
0.551
0.0272
49.3
2625
4901


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
26.3
21.5
23.3
22.3
447
417
440
3890

99.2
185
115
17.5
0.613
0.0294
52.6
2745
5328


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
26.4
21.4
23.9
22.4
433
389
417
3478

106.5
167
107
15.7
0.638
0.0308
46.7
2878
4973
47.8%

52.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
26.0
20.9
23.8
22.1
433
379
415
3330

106.8
166
114
14.5
0.694
0.0343
44.0
2847
4692
54.4%

45.6%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
23.1
18.6
21.1
19.6
491
432
474
3700

97.8
195
134
13.4
0.703
0.0364
43.8
2351
4325


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
21.1
16.6
19.8
17.9
526
440
500
3686

99.3
226
180
10.5
0.830
0.0484
39.5
2183
3965


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
22.0
17.3
20.5
18.6
511
433
489
3648

101.0
218
176
10.7
0.839
0.0481
41.3
2342
4223


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
21.1
16.3
19.7
17.8
530
440
500
3650

98.3
218
182
10.6
0.875
0.0496
38.9
2152
3863


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
21.2
16.4
19.8
17.8
532
441
499
3743

101.5
215
186
10.2
0.901
0.0495
40.2
2212
4105


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
21.2
16.1
20.1
17.8
546
438
501
3829

102.5
204
190
9.6
0.952
0.0493
41.0
2215
4191

0.9%
99.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
22.2
16.5
21.3
18.6
531
412
483
3836

99.4
204
188
9.9
0.937
0.0484
43.1
2274
4292

1.6%
98.4%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
21.8
16.1
21.0
18.2
542
415
492
3996

103.5
206
213
9.3
1.023
0.0524
43.9
2315
4552

3.3%
96.7%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
22.7
16.7
21.9
18.9
519
397
470
4147

106.2
206
216
8.7
1.043
0.0515
47.4
2456
5048

1.1%
98.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
23.6
17.1
22.8
19.6
513
384
455
4099

103.9
210
228
8.2
1.095
0.0555
48.5
2492
5063


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
24.5
17.7
23.7
20.3
495
372
440
4082

104.7
203
218
CO
CO
1.080
0.0529
50.6
2633
5313


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
25.2
17.8
24.7
20.8
492
358
429
4016

104.7
194
200
9.6
1.027
0.0489
50.9
2689
5346


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
25.0
17.4
24.9
20.6
504
355
432
4014

105.9
208
225
8.5
1.082
0.0556
50.4
2688
5355


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
27.0
18.8
26.5
22.2
467
332
402
3878

97.9
191
213
8.9
1.124
0.0544
52.8
2697
5209


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
26.3
18.2
25.6
21.5
486
345
415
3880

98.3
197
223
8.5
1.150
0.0574
51.2
2615
5074


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
24.9
17.2
24.2
20.4
511
363
436
4018

105.2
221
242
7.8
1.122
0.0600
50.3
2645
5309


100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
24.9
17.0
24.1
20.3
518
367
439
3941

101.2
223
241
7.7
1.092
0.0608
49.1
2517
4989

6.6%
93.4%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
24.6
16.8
23.5
20.0
524
377
445
3887

102.2
208
229
8.1
1.122
0.0586
47.9
2524
4913

5.6%
94.4%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
24.4
16.6
23.3
19.8
529
377
450
3920

97.8
220
248
7.7
1.161
0.0626
48.3
2432
4752

2.8%
97.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
24.5
16.5
23.3
19.8
529
375
450
3949

100.7
213
243
7.8
1.186
0.0610
48.8
2518
4951

18.5%
81.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-147	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Kia
All
All
2004
9.8%

90.2%




100.0%


100.0%
25.1%




Kia
All
All
2005
7.7%

92.3%




100.0%


100.0%
27.2%




Kia
All
All
2006
9.1%

90.9%




100.0%


100.0%
53.5%




Kia
All
All
2007
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
18.0%




Kia
All
All
2008
6.0%

94.0%




100.0%


100.0%
25.4%




Kia
All
All
2009
5.1%

94.9%




100.0%


100.0%
38.5%




Kia
All
All
2010
8.3%

91.7%




100.0%


100.0%
97.4%




Kia
All
All
2011
4.6%
0.7%
94.7%



13.9%
86.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%



Kia
All
All
2012
3.3%
2.6%
94.1%



43.2%
56.8%


100.0%
100.0%
2.6%



Kia
All
All
2013
3.1%
2.6%
94.3%



62.0%
38.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.6%



Kia
All
All
2014
2.1%
1.8%
96.0%



86.7%
13.3%


100.0%
100.0%
1.8%



Kia
All
All
2015
2.4%
1.8%
95.8%



89.0%
10.9%


99.9%
99.9%
1.6%



Kia
All
All
2016
2.5%
1.9%
95.5%



88.2%
11.4%


99.6%
99.6%
0.7%



Kia
All
All
2017
1.4%
6.9%
91.7%



81.0%
18.7%


99.7%
99.7%
5.8%



Kia
All
All
2018
1.7%
12.7%
85.6%



85.7%
13.8%


99.5%
99.5%
10.1%



Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
9.5%
90.5%



26.9%

38.4%

34.7%



76.1%
23.9%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
5.3%
94.7%



23.6%

26.9%

49.5%



89.3%
10.7%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
9.6%
90.4%



2.7%

48.1%

49.2%



87.1%
12.9%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
6.3%
93.7%



1.2%

48.9%

50.0%



88.8%
11.2%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
8.1%
91.9%





34.7%

65.3%



85.4%
14.6%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
9.2%
90.8%





25.3%

74.7%



89.0%
11.0%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
10.5%
89.5%





23.1%

76.9%



92.3%
7.7%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
9.0%
91.0%





20.4%

79.6%



89.9%
10.1%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
3.6%
96.4%



28.9%

11.7%
18.9%
40.5%



46.5%
53.5%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
2.8%
97.2%



33.1%

29.2%
12.7%
25.0%



42.0%
58.0%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
3.2%
96.8%





61.1%

38.9%



86.7%
13.3%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
3.9%
96.1%





92.2%

7.8%
1.5%


66.7%
33.3%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
1.2%
98.8%





79.0%

21.0%
0.9%


66.8%
33.2%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
0.5%
99.5%





99.2%

0.8%



72.8%
27.2%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
0.4%
99.6%





99.6%

0.4%



73.9%
26.1%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
0.6%
99.4%





96.5%

3.5%
13.2%


72.7%
27.3%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
2.8%
97.2%





91.8%

8.2%
15.9%


76.3%
23.7%

Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
0.4%
99.6%





93.9%

6.1%
35.9%
31.4%

72.9%
3.6%
23.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
1.6%
98.4%





100.0%


65.6%
27.6%

70.4%
2.4%
27.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994

100.0%





98.8%

1.2%
98.8%
27.8%

77.8%
4.3%
17.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995

100.0%





94.4%

5.6%
99.6%
23.9%

75.4%
4.6%
20.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996

83.5%
16.5%




95.7%

4.3%
100.0%
17.1%

49.2%
30.6%
20.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997


100.0%




97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
32.2%

36.1%
49.1%
14.8%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998


100.0%




97.0%

3.0%
100.0%
16.0%

54.1%
37.8%
8.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
1.8%

98.2%




96.7%

3.3%
100.0%
9.5%

53.9%
37.6%
8.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


100.0%
0.2%

39.5%
32.1%
28.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
2.2%

97.8%




100.0%


100.0%
4.4%

46.7%
32.4%
20.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
13.1%

65.1%
18.5%
16.4%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
0.7%

99.3%




100.0%


100.0%
10.8%

59.5%
30.0%
10.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


100.0%
16.3%

59.1%
30.1%
10.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-148	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
25.0
16.8
23.6
20.1
524
375
444
3869

97.3
201
239
7.8
1.258
0.0613
48.9
2489
4808

18.0%
82.0%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
24.0
16.1
22.9
19.4
547
385
460
4159

111.8
225
267
7.2
1.207
0.0645
50.4
2713
5699

24.2%
75.8%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
23.2
15.5
22.4
18.8
569
395
474
4272

108.5
241
295
7.0
1.237
0.0686
49.8
2532
5449

24.8%
75.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
25.3
16.8
24.0
20.3
498
357
439
3998
45.8
101.6
219
268
7.6
1.226
0.0652
50.7
2579
5188

28.9%
71.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
25.6
17.0
24.4
20.6
491
351
432
3930
44.6
95.1
212
261
7.5
1.229
0.0645
50.6
2464
4845

27.8%
72.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
24.8
16.5
23.7
20.0
526
370
445
4145
47.6
104.7
222
273
7.2
1.235
0.0653
51.6
2608
5410

38.1%
61.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
25.3
16.9
24.1
20.3
0
0
437
4141
46.3
102.8
219
270
7.3
1.239
0.0645
52.8
2628
5439
0.0%
39.1%
60.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
28.6
18.8
27.2
22.8
0
0
391
4049
46.5
99.7
191
277
7.1
1.489
0.0671
58.3
2886
5864
0.0%
34.9%
65.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
30.2
19.8
28.5
24.0
0
0
371
3915
45.3
95.6
185
266
7.3
1.485
0.0661
59.5
2925
5734

33.7%
66.3%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
31.4
20.7
29.2
24.8
0
0
358
4055
46.6
101.3
188
276
7.0
1.526
0.0667
65.5
3301
6648
12.7%
35.5%
51.8%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
32.9
21.7
29.8
25.7
0
0
345
3967
47.3
102.7
165
276
7.0
1.746
0.0677
66.9
3500
6872
13.2%
46.4%
40.4%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
33.0
21.9
29.7
25.7
0
0
345
3952
47.3
102.5
165
274
6.9
1.727
0.0681
66.4
3479
6824
10.9%
42.5%
46.6%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
32.9
21.9
30.1
25.9
0
0
342
4070
48.6
101.6
148
278
6.7
1.917
0.0673
68.7
3452
7001
4.2%
44.6%
51.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
32.7
21.6
29.8
25.6
0
0
347
4084
48.3
102.8
146
282
6.5
1.932
0.0683
67.6
3424
6952
11.5%
49.8%
38.7%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1975





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1976





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1977





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1978





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1979





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1983





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1986





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1987





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1988





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1989





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1990





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1991





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1992





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1993





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1994





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1995





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1996





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1997





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1998





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1999





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2000





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2001





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2002





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2003





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2004





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2005





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-149	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
0.6%

99.4%




96.1%

3.9%
100.0%
33.2%

69.2%
24.2%
6.6%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
1.1%

98.9%




97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
69.2%

54.5%
29.4%
16.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
0.6%

99.4%




98.0%

2.0%
100.0%
38.4%

46.4%
26.4%
27.3%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
0.2%
9.9%
89.9%




97.9%

2.1%
100.0%
27.3%

63.5%
19.6%
16.8%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
0.1%
10.4%
89.5%




98.9%

1.1%
100.0%
57.5%

76.4%
13.8%
9.8%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
0.3%
2.3%
97.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%
51.5%
37.6%
10.9%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
0.2%
2.3%
97.5%



0.8%
96.7%

2.2%
99.6%
99.5%
0.2%
56.0%
37.8%
6.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
0.0%
3.1%
96.9%



74.2%
23.8%

2.0%
100.0%
97.9%
0.0%
69.5%
23.4%
7.1%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
0.1%
7.3%
92.6%



91.6%
7.0%

0.9%
99.5%
98.6%
0.2%
73.8%
19.7%
6.6%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
0.0%
3.4%
96.5%



94.4%
3.0%

1.3%
98.6%
97.4%
0.1%
61.3%
33.2%
5.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
0.0%
5.0%
95.0%



94.0%
4.0%

0.6%
98.6%
98.1%
0.1%
70.2%
15.5%
14.3%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
0.4%
3.7%
95.9%



98.1%
0.7%

0.5%
99.4%
98.8%
0.4%
67.0%
25.5%
7.5%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
0.0%
2.0%
97.9%



98.9%
0.3%


99.1%
99.1%
0.7%
61.7%
32.2%
6.2%
Mercedes
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018

0.4%
99.6%



99.5%
0.2%


99.6%
99.6%
0.9%
67.0%
25.3%
7.7%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1975
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1976
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1977
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1978
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1979
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1983
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1986
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1987
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1988
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1989
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1990
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1991
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1992
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1993
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1994
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1995
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1996
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1997
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1998
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
1999
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2000
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2001
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2002
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2003
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2004
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2005
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-150	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2006





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2007





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2008





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2009





















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2010
23.8
16.1
22.1
19.1
551
401
466
4500
46.8

213
268
7.6
1.258
0.0596
53.6




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2011
23.5
15.9
22.0
18.9
557
405
470
4000
46.9

213
268
7.1
1.258
0.0670
47.0




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2012
23.5
16.1
21.9
19.0
551
405
468
4157
47.0

213
268
7.2
1.255
0.0647
48.9




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2013
28.1
19.2
24.8
22.0
464
359
404
4500
46.9

213
302
7.0
1.415
0.0671
63.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2014
27.8
18.8
25.4
22.1
472
350
402
4500
47.0

213
302
7.0
1.415
0.0671
62.7




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2015
27.8
18.8
25.4
22.1
472
350
402
4500
47.0

213
302
7.0
1.415
0.0671
62.7




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2016
32.3
21.8
28.4
25.1
409
313
354
4000
49.8

121
241
7.0
1.984
0.0603
64.5




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2017
33.3
22.3
30.0
26.1
397
295
340
3843
48.3

121
231
7.2
1.898
0.0600
64.0


31.4%

68.6%
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2018
33.7
22.5
29.9
26.2
394
296
339
3825
48.1

121
229
7.2
1.889
0.0600
64.5


34.9%

65.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
1975
17.3
13.5
16.5
14.7
632
535
624
3934


205
124

0.587
0.0306
36.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1976
18.6
14.7
17.6
15.9
597
519
590
3924


196
110

0.550
0.0277
39.0




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1977
19.2
15.4
17.5
16.3
572
517
573
3931


199
117

0.571
0.0291
40.1




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1978
18.7
14.7
17.6
15.9
594
518
589
3971


208
128
15.5
0.606
0.0319
39.8




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1979
20.5
16.4
18.9
17.4
538
491
548
3950


203
119
16.6
0.569
0.0296
43.7




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1980
23.9
19.5
21.4
20.3
491
451
480
3781


195
102
17.8
0.512
0.0266
46.4




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1981
25.6
21.1
22.5
21.7
454
432
451
3747


184
103
17.4
0.551
0.0272
49.3




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1982
26.3
21.5
23.3
22.3
447
417
440
3890


185
115
17.5
0.613
0.0294
52.6




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1983
26.4
21.4
23.9
22.4
433
389
417
3478


167
107
15.7
0.638
0.0308
46.7


47.8%

52.2%
Mercedes
Car
All
1984
26.0
20.9
23.8
22.1
433
379
415
3330


166
114
14.5
0.694
0.0343
44.0


54.4%

45.6%
Mercedes
Car
All
1985
23.1
18.6
21.1
19.6
491
432
474
3700


195
134
13.4
0.703
0.0364
43.8




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1986
21.1
16.6
19.8
17.9
526
440
500
3686


226
180
10.5
0.830
0.0484
39.5




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1987
22.0
17.3
20.5
18.6
511
433
489
3648


218
176
10.7
0.839
0.0481
41.3




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1988
21.1
16.3
19.7
17.8
530
440
500
3650


218
182
10.6
0.875
0.0496
38.9




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1989
21.2
16.4
19.8
17.8
532
441
499
3743


215
186
10.2
0.901
0.0495
40.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1990
21.2
16.1
20.1
17.8
546
438
501
3829


204
190
9.6
0.952
0.0493
41.0



0.9%
99.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
1991
22.2
16.5
21.3
18.6
531
412
483
3836


204
188
9.9
0.937
0.0484
43.1



1.6%
98.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
1992
21.8
16.1
21.0
18.2
542
415
492
3996


206
213
9.3
1.023
0.0524
43.9



3.3%
96.7%
Mercedes
Car
All
1993
22.7
16.7
21.9
18.9
519
397
470
4147


206
216
8.7
1.043
0.0515
47.4



1.1%
98.9%
Mercedes
Car
All
1994
23.6
17.1
22.8
19.6
513
384
455
4099


210
228
8.2
1.095
0.0555
48.5




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1995
24.5
17.7
23.7
20.3
495
372
440
4082


203
218
CO
CO
1.080
0.0529
50.6




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1996
25.2
17.8
24.7
20.8
492
358
429
4016


194
200
9.6
1.027
0.0489
50.9




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1997
25.0
17.4
24.9
20.6
504
355
432
4014


208
225
8.5
1.082
0.0556
50.4




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1998
27.0
18.8
26.5
22.2
467
332
402
3878


191
213
8.9
1.124
0.0544
52.8




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1999
26.3
18.2
25.6
21.5
486
345
415
3880


197
223
8.5
1.150
0.0574
51.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
2000
24.9
17.2
24.2
20.4
511
363
436
4018


221
242
7.8
1.122
0.0600
50.3




100.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
2001
24.9
17.0
24.1
20.3
518
367
439
3941


223
241
7.7
1.092
0.0608
49.1



6.6%
93.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2002
24.6
16.8
23.5
20.0
524
377
445
3887


208
229
8.1
1.122
0.0586
47.9



5.6%
94.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2003
24.4
16.6
23.3
19.8
529
377
450
3920


220
248
7.7
1.161
0.0626
48.3



2.8%
97.2%
Mercedes
Car
All
2004
24.5
16.5
23.3
19.8
529
375
450
3949


213
243
7.8
1.186
0.0610
48.8



18.5%
81.5%
Mercedes
Car
All
2005
25.0
16.8
23.6
20.1
524
375
444
3869


201
239
7.8
1.258
0.0613
48.9



18.0%
82.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
2006
24.0
16.1
22.9
19.4
547
385
460
4159


225
267
7.2
1.207
0.0645
50.4



24.2%
75.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-151	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2006
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2007
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2008
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2009
















Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2010


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2011


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2012


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2013


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2014


100.0%



35.8%
64.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Car
All
1975
9.5%
90.5%



26.9%

38.4%

34.7%



76.1%
23.9%

Mercedes
Car
All
1976
5.3%
94.7%



23.6%

26.9%

49.5%



89.3%
10.7%

Mercedes
Car
All
1977
9.6%
90.4%



2.7%

48.1%

49.2%



87.1%
12.9%

Mercedes
Car
All
1978
6.3%
93.7%



1.2%

48.9%

50.0%



88.8%
11.2%

Mercedes
Car
All
1979
8.1%
91.9%





34.7%

65.3%



85.4%
14.6%

Mercedes
Car
All
1980
9.2%
90.8%





25.3%

74.7%



89.0%
11.0%

Mercedes
Car
All
1981
10.5%
89.5%





23.1%

76.9%



92.3%
7.7%

Mercedes
Car
All
1982
9.0%
91.0%





20.4%

79.6%



89.9%
10.1%

Mercedes
Car
All
1983
3.6%
96.4%



28.9%

11.7%
18.9%
40.5%



46.5%
53.5%

Mercedes
Car
All
1984
2.8%
97.2%



33.1%

29.2%
12.7%
25.0%



42.0%
58.0%

Mercedes
Car
All
1985
3.2%
96.8%





61.1%

38.9%



86.7%
13.3%

Mercedes
Car
All
1986
3.9%
96.1%





92.2%

7.8%
1.5%


66.7%
33.3%

Mercedes
Car
All
1987
1.2%
98.8%





79.0%

21.0%
0.9%


66.8%
33.2%

Mercedes
Car
All
1988
0.5%
99.5%





99.2%

0.8%



72.8%
27.2%

Mercedes
Car
All
1989
0.4%
99.6%





99.6%

0.4%



73.9%
26.1%

Mercedes
Car
All
1990
0.6%
99.4%





96.5%

3.5%
13.2%


72.7%
27.3%

Mercedes
Car
All
1991
2.8%
97.2%





91.8%

8.2%
15.9%


76.3%
23.7%

Mercedes
Car
All
1992
0.4%
99.6%





93.9%

6.1%
35.9%
31.4%

72.9%
3.6%
23.5%
Mercedes
Car
All
1993
1.6%
98.4%





100.0%


65.6%
27.6%

70.4%
2.4%
27.2%
Mercedes
Car
All
1994

100.0%





98.8%

1.2%
98.8%
27.8%

77.8%
4.3%
17.9%
Mercedes
Car
All
1995

100.0%





94.4%

5.6%
99.6%
23.9%

75.4%
4.6%
20.0%
Mercedes
Car
All
1996

83.5%
16.5%




95.7%

4.3%
100.0%
17.1%

49.2%
30.6%
20.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
1997


100.0%




97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
32.2%

36.1%
49.1%
14.8%
Mercedes
Car
All
1998


100.0%




97.0%

3.0%
100.0%
16.0%

54.1%
37.8%
8.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
1999
1.8%

98.2%




96.7%

3.3%
100.0%
9.5%

53.9%
37.6%
8.5%
Mercedes
Car
All
2000
0.5%

99.5%




100.0%


100.0%
0.2%

39.5%
32.1%
28.5%
Mercedes
Car
All
2001
2.2%

97.8%




100.0%


100.0%
4.4%

46.7%
32.4%
20.9%
Mercedes
Car
All
2002
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
13.1%

65.1%
18.5%
16.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2003
0.7%

99.3%




100.0%


100.0%
10.8%

59.5%
30.0%
10.5%
Mercedes
Car
All
2004
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


100.0%
16.3%

59.1%
30.1%
10.8%
Mercedes
Car
All
2005
0.6%

99.4%




96.1%

3.9%
100.0%
33.2%

69.2%
24.2%
6.6%
Mercedes
Car
All
2006
1.1%

98.9%




97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
69.2%

54.5%
29.4%
16.1%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-152	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Car
All
2007
23.2
15.5
22.4
18.8
569
395
474
4272


241
295
7.0
1.237
0.0686
49.8



24.8%
75.2%
Mercedes
Car
All
2008
25.3
16.8
24.0
20.3
498
357
439
3998
45.8

219
268
7.6
1.226
0.0652
50.7



28.9%
71.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
2009
25.6
17.0
24.4
20.6
491
351
432
3930
44.6

212
261
7.5
1.229
0.0645
50.6



27.8%
72.2%
Mercedes
Car
All
2010
24.7
16.5
23.6
19.9
528
372
446
4170
47.6

222
273
7.2
1.237
0.0648
51.8



35.4%
64.6%
Mercedes
Car
All
2011
25.2
16.8
23.9
20.3
0
0
439
4133
46.3

218
270
7.2
1.240
0.0646
52.4


0.0%
36.9%
63.1%
Mercedes
Car
All
2012
28.2
18.6
26.8
22.5
0
0
396
4057
46.5

192
276
7.1
1.474
0.0669
57.6


0.0%
32.6%
67.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2013
30.1
19.8
28.2
23.8
0
0
373
3952
45.4

187
269
7.3
1.481
0.0662
59.7



31.6%
68.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2014
31.2
20.6
28.9
24.6
0
0
360
4079
46.6

189
277
7.0
1.520
0.0667
65.3


12.0%
33.5%
54.4%
Mercedes
Car
All
2015
32.5
21.5
29.5
25.4
0
0
349
4005
47.3

168
278
7.0
1.722
0.0677
66.6


12.2%
43.1%
44.6%
Mercedes
Car
All
2016
32.9
21.8
29.6
25.7
0
0
346
3956
47.5

162
271
6.9
1.746
0.0675
66.3


10.1%
39.3%
50.6%
Mercedes
Car
All
2017
32.9
21.9
30.1
25.9
0
0
342
4043
48.5

145
272
6.7
1.915
0.0664
68.1


7.5%
39.2%
53.3%
Mercedes
Car
All
2018
32.8
21.7
29.8
25.7
0
0
346
4044
48.3

142
274
6.6
1.925
0.0670
67.1


15.1%
42.1%
42.8%
Mercedes
Truck
Van
1975





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1976





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1977





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1978





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1979





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1980





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1981





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1982





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1983





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1984





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1985





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1986





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1987





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1988





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1989





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1990





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1991





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1992





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1993





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1994





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1995





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1996





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1997





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1998





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1999





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2000





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2001





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2002





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2003





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2004





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2005





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2006





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2007





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-153	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Car
All
2007
0.6%

99.4%




98.0%

2.0%
100.0%
38.4%

46.4%
26.4%
27.3%
Mercedes
Car
All
2008
0.2%
9.9%
89.9%




97.9%

2.1%
100.0%
27.3%

63.5%
19.6%
16.8%
Mercedes
Car
All
2009
0.1%
10.4%
89.5%




98.9%

1.1%
100.0%
57.5%

76.4%
13.8%
9.8%
Mercedes
Car
All
2010
0.3%
2.1%
97.6%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



Mercedes
Car
All
2011
0.1%
2.2%
97.7%



0.7%
96.9%

2.1%
99.7%
99.6%
0.2%



Mercedes
Car
All
2012
0.0%
2.9%
97.1%



69.2%
28.9%

1.9%
100.0%
98.0%
0.0%



Mercedes
Car
All
2013
0.1%
6.8%
93.1%



92.1%
6.6%

0.9%
99.6%
98.7%
0.2%



Mercedes
Car
All
2014
0.0%
3.2%
96.7%



91.2%
6.3%

1.2%
98.7%
97.5%
0.1%



Mercedes
Car
All
2015
0.0%
4.6%
95.3%



94.5%
3.7%

0.5%
98.7%
98.2%
0.1%



Mercedes
Car
All
2016
0.3%
3.4%
96.2%



98.2%
0.7%

0.5%
99.4%
98.9%
0.4%



Mercedes
Car
All
2017
0.0%
1.8%
98.2%



99.0%
0.2%


99.2%
99.2%
0.6%



Mercedes
Car
All
2018

0.3%
99.7%



99.5%
0.1%


99.7%
99.7%
0.8%



Mercedes
Truck
Van
1975
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1976
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1977
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1978
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1979
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1980
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1981
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1982
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1983
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1984
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1985
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1986
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1987
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1988
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1989
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1990
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1991
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1992
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1993
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1994
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1995
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1996
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1997
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1998
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
1999
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2000
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2001
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2002
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2003
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2004
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2005
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2006
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2007
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-154	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2008





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2009





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2010





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2011





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2012





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2013





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2014





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2015





















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2016
29.8
20.8
23.8
22.4
428
373
397
4734
57.2

121
208
9.3
1.712
0.0441
70.5




100.0%
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2017
29.9
20.8
23.9
22.5
426
372
396
4702
57.2

121
208
9.3
1.712
0.0444
70.2




100.0%
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2018
28.8
19.9
23.6
21.9
445
376
406
4713
57.7

121
208
9.3
1.712
0.0443
67.9




100.0%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
21.3
15.4
19.8
17.4
579
448
510
4500


195
215
9.8
1.103
0.0478
48.0




100.0%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
20.3
14.7
18.6
16.6
605
476
537
5000


216
232
9.9
1.080
0.0464
50.9



31.6%
68.4%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
20.4
14.8
18.5
16.6
601
480
536
5500


214
231
10.0
1.084
0.0419
56.3



25.2%
74.8%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.8
14.8
19.0
16.8
600
468
528
5500


214
231
10.0
1.085
0.0420
57.2



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
19.1
13.7
17.0
15.4
646
522
579
5000


227
237
9.5
1.059
0.0475
47.8



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
18.8
13.5
16.6
15.1
657
534
590
5138


239
243
9.3
1.024
0.0472
48.3



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
18.8
13.5
16.4
15.0
659
539
593
5535


245
246
9.6
1.007
0.0444
52.0



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
18.7
13.3
16.4
14.9
665
542
596
5048


247
252
9.0
1.018
0.0497
47.3



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
20.9
14.4
19.2
16.8
614
461
529
5005


233
276
8.0
1.201
0.0551
52.7



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
637
484
554
5290


252
303
7.9
1.204
0.0570
53.9



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
20.8
14.3
19.0
16.6
628
474
544
5478
52.5

248
298
8.3
1.208
0.0543
57.4



100.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-155	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Truck
Van
2008
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2009
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2010
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2011
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2012
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2013
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2014
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2015
















Mercedes
Truck
Van
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Truck
Van
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Truck
Van
2018


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1998


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
1999


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
77.8%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2007


100.0%




91.5%

8.5%
100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2008


100.0%




83.3%

16.7%
100.0%





* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-156	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
20.8
14.3
19.0
16.7
627
472
542
5385
52.2

244
295
8.1
1.215
0.0547
56.4



94.5%
5.5%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
21.4
14.7
19.6
17.2
604
455
522
5121
50.7

232
284
8.0
1.231
0.0557
55.1



90.3%
9.7%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
21.1
14.6
19.3
17.0
612
463
531
5302
51.9

236
288
8.1
1.222
0.0544
56.4



61.6%
38.4%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
23.1
15.9
20.8
18.4
560
430
494
5287
51.9

228
295
8.1
1.298
0.0561
61.9



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
24.4
16.7
21.7
19.2
531
409
470
5266
51.5

231
319
7.5
1.384
0.0608
65.0



86.9%
13.1%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
24.5
16.7
21.9
19.3
531
404
468
5243
51.4

229
317
7.6
1.390
0.0605
65.1



87.0%
13.0%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
25.9
17.7
23.0
20.4
498
382
441
5019
50.4

195
300
7.7
1.564
0.0594
65.6



86.6%
13.4%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
25.8
17.7
22.8
20.3
496
383
440
5098
51.2

189
310
7.5
1.673
0.0602
66.3



83.3%
16.7%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
25.3
17.4
22.5
20.0
501
385
445
5225
51.8

187
313
7.3
1.708
0.0597
66.5



88.4%
11.6%
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
27.1
18.6
23.9
21.3
460
362
416
5006
50.9

179
303
7.3
1.729
0.0599
68.6



83.0%
17.0%
Mercedes
Truck
All
1975





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1976





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1977





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1978





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1979





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1980





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1981





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1982





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1983





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1984





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1985





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1986





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1987





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1988





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1989





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1990





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1991





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1992





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1993





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1994





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1995





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1996





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1997





















Mercedes
Truck
All
1998
21.3
15.4
19.8
17.4
579
448
510
4500


195
215
9.8
1.103
0.0478
48.0




100.0%
Mercedes
Truck
All
1999
20.3
14.7
18.6
16.6
605
476
537
5000


216
232
9.9
1.080
0.0464
50.9



31.6%
68.4%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2000
20.4
14.8
18.5
16.6
601
480
536
5500


214
231
10.0
1.084
0.0419
56.3



25.2%
74.8%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2001
20.8
14.8
19.0
16.8
600
468
528
5500


214
231
10.0
1.085
0.0420
57.2



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2002
19.1
13.7
17.0
15.4
646
522
579
5000


227
237
9.5
1.059
0.0475
47.8



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2003
18.8
13.5
16.6
15.1
657
534
590
5138


239
243
9.3
1.024
0.0472
48.3



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2004
18.8
13.5
16.4
15.0
659
539
593
5535


245
246
9.6
1.007
0.0444
52.0



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2005
18.7
13.3
16.4
14.9
665
542
596
5048


247
252
9.0
1.018
0.0497
47.3



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2006
20.9
14.4
19.2
16.8
614
461
529
5005


233
276
8.0
1.201
0.0551
52.7



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2007
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
637
484
554
5290


252
303
7.9
1.204
0.0570
53.9



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2008
20.8
14.3
19.0
16.6
628
474
544
5478
52.5

248
298
8.3
1.208
0.0543
57.4



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2009
20.8
14.3
19.0
16.7
627
472
542
5385
52.2

244
295
8.1
1.215
0.0547
56.4



94.5%
5.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-157	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2009


100.0%




86.0%

14.0%
100.0%
75.0%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2010


99.0%
1.0%



92.3%

7.7%
100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2011


99.9%
0.1%



88.1%

11.9%
100.0%
87.0%
0.1%



Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%



39.8%
43.2%

17.0%
100.0%
83.0%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



85.4%
1.5%

13.2%
100.0%
86.8%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



83.1%
1.5%

15.4%
100.0%
84.6%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



89.3%
1.5%

9.2%
100.0%
93.7%




Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



96.4%
0.2%

3.4%
100.0%
98.4%
0.2%



Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



99.9%
0.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



Mercedes
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



100.0%
0.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.9%



Mercedes
Truck
All
1975
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1976
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1977
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1978
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1979
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1980
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1981
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1982
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1983
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1984
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1985
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1986
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1987
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1988
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1989
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1990
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1991
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1992
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1993
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1994
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1995
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1996
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1997
















Mercedes
Truck
All
1998


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
1999


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
77.8%




Mercedes
Truck
All
2007


100.0%




91.5%

8.5%
100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2008


100.0%




83.3%

16.7%
100.0%





Mercedes
Truck
All
2009


100.0%




86.0%

14.0%
100.0%
75.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-158	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
Truck
All
2010
21.4
14.7
19.6
17.2
604
455
522
5121
50.7

232
284
8.0
1.231
0.0557
55.1



90.3%
9.7%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2011
21.1
14.6
19.3
17.0
612
463
531
5302
51.9

236
288
8.1
1.222
0.0544
56.4



61.6%
38.4%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2012
23.1
15.9
20.8
18.4
560
430
494
5287
51.9

228
295
8.1
1.298
0.0561
61.9



100.0%

Mercedes
Truck
All
2013
24.4
16.7
21.7
19.2
531
409
470
5266
51.5

231
319
7.5
1.384
0.0608
65.0



86.9%
13.1%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2014
24.5
16.7
21.9
19.3
531
404
468
5243
51.4

229
317
7.6
1.390
0.0605
65.1



87.0%
13.0%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2015
25.9
17.7
23.0
20.4
498
382
441
5019
50.4

195
300
7.7
1.564
0.0594
65.6



86.6%
13.4%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2016
26.1
17.9
22.9
20.4
490
382
437
5070
51.7

184
302
7.6
1.676
0.0590
66.7



76.8%
23.2%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2017
25.4
17.5
22.5
20.0
498
385
443
5206
52.0

185
310
7.3
1.708
0.0591
66.6



85.2%
14.8%
Mercedes
Truck
All
2018
27.2
18.7
23.9
21.3
459
363
415
4990
51.3

176
297
7.4
1.728
0.0591
68.6



78.6%
21.4%
Mercedes
All
All
1975
17.3
13.5
16.5
14.7
632
535
624
3934


205
124

0.587
0.0306
36.2




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1976
18.6
14.7
17.6
15.9
597
519
590
3924


196
110

0.550
0.0277
39.0




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1977
19.2
15.4
17.5
16.3
572
517
573
3931


199
117

0.571
0.0291
40.1




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1978
18.7
14.7
17.6
15.9
594
518
589
3971


208
128
15.5
0.606
0.0319
39.8




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1979
20.5
16.4
18.9
17.4
538
491
548
3950


203
119
16.6
0.569
0.0296
43.7




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1980
23.9
19.5
21.4
20.3
491
451
480
3781


195
102
17.8
0.512
0.0266
46.4




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1981
25.6
21.1
22.5
21.7
454
432
451
3747


184
103
17.4
0.551
0.0272
49.3




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1982
26.3
21.5
23.3
22.3
447
417
440
3890


185
115
17.5
0.613
0.0294
52.6




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1983
26.4
21.4
23.9
22.4
433
389
417
3478


167
107
15.7
0.638
0.0308
46.7


47.8%

52.2%
Mercedes
All
All
1984
26.0
20.9
23.8
22.1
433
379
415
3330


166
114
14.5
0.694
0.0343
44.0


54.4%

45.6%
Mercedes
All
All
1985
23.1
18.6
21.1
19.6
491
432
474
3700


195
134
13.4
0.703
0.0364
43.8




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1986
21.1
16.6
19.8
17.9
526
440
500
3686


226
180
10.5
0.830
0.0484
39.5




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1987
22.0
17.3
20.5
18.6
511
433
489
3648


218
176
10.7
0.839
0.0481
41.3




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1988
21.1
16.3
19.7
17.8
530
440
500
3650


218
182
10.6
0.875
0.0496
38.9




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1989
21.2
16.4
19.8
17.8
532
441
499
3743


215
186
10.2
0.901
0.0495
40.2




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1990
21.2
16.1
20.1
17.8
546
438
501
3829


204
190
9.6
0.952
0.0493
41.0



0.9%
99.1%
Mercedes
All
All
1991
22.2
16.5
21.3
18.6
531
412
483
3836


204
188
9.9
0.937
0.0484
43.1



1.6%
98.4%
Mercedes
All
All
1992
21.8
16.1
21.0
18.2
542
415
492
3996


206
213
9.3
1.023
0.0524
43.9



3.3%
96.7%
Mercedes
All
All
1993
22.7
16.7
21.9
18.9
519
397
470
4147


206
216
8.7
1.043
0.0515
47.4



1.1%
98.9%
Mercedes
All
All
1994
23.6
17.1
22.8
19.6
513
384
455
4099


210
228
8.2
1.095
0.0555
48.5




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1995
24.5
17.7
23.7
20.3
495
372
440
4082


203
218
CO
CO
1.080
0.0529
50.6




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1996
25.2
17.8
24.7
20.8
492
358
429
4016


194
200
9.6
1.027
0.0489
50.9




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1997
25.0
17.4
24.9
20.6
504
355
432
4014


208
225
8.5
1.082
0.0556
50.4




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1998
25.3
17.7
24.4
20.7
492
356
430
4040


192
213
9.1
1.118
0.0526
51.5




100.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1999
24.4
17.1
23.3
20.0
512
372
446
4171


202
225
CO
CO
1.132
0.0545
51.2



8.2%
91.8%
Mercedes
All
All
2000
23.6
16.5
22.5
19.3
531
387
461
4390


219
239
8.4
1.113
0.0555
51.8



6.3%
93.7%
Mercedes
All
All
2001
23.9
16.5
22.8
19.4
534
385
457
4266


221
239
8.2
1.091
0.0569
50.8



26.1%
73.9%
Mercedes
All
All
2002
23.2
16.1
21.7
18.8
546
400
473
4120


212
231
8.4
1.109
0.0563
47.9



25.4%
74.6%
Mercedes
All
All
2003
23.4
16.0
22.0
18.9
544
394
470
4098


223
247
7.9
1.141
0.0604
48.3



17.0%
83.0%
Mercedes
All
All
2004
23.7
16.1
22.3
19.1
541
389
466
4131


217
244
8.0
1.166
0.0591
49.2



27.8%
72.2%
Mercedes
All
All
2005
24.1
16.3
22.5
19.3
537
388
461
4001


207
241
7.9
1.231
0.0600
48.7



27.1%
72.9%
Mercedes
All
All
2006
23.4
15.7
22.1
18.8
559
398
474
4323


226
269
7.4
1.206
0.0627
50.8



38.9%
61.1%
Mercedes
All
All
2007
22.4
15.1
21.3
18.1
584
413
494
4516


244
297
7.2
1.229
0.0659
50.8



42.8%
57.2%
Mercedes
All
All
2008
24.0
16.2
22.6
19.3
524
379
464
4351
47.4

226
275
7.8
1.221
0.0626
52.3



45.9%
54.1%
Mercedes
All
All
2009
24.3
16.3
23.0
19.5
516
373
457
4263
46.4

220
269
7.7
1.226
0.0623
51.9



43.0%
57.0%
Mercedes
All
All
2010
23.6
15.9
22.1
18.9
550
395
471
4474
48.6

225
277
7.5
1.235
0.0619
52.8



53.0%
47.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-159	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
Truck
All
2010


99.0%
1.0%



92.3%

7.7%
100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



Mercedes
Truck
All
2011


99.9%
0.1%



88.1%

11.9%
100.0%
87.0%
0.1%



Mercedes
Truck
All
2012


100.0%



39.8%
43.2%

17.0%
100.0%
83.0%




Mercedes
Truck
All
2013


100.0%



85.4%
1.5%

13.2%
100.0%
86.8%




Mercedes
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



83.1%
1.5%

15.4%
100.0%
84.6%




Mercedes
Truck
All
2015


100.0%



89.3%
1.5%

9.2%
100.0%
93.7%




Mercedes
Truck
All
2016


100.0%



96.7%
0.2%

3.1%
100.0%
98.5%
0.2%



Mercedes
Truck
All
2017


100.0%



99.9%
0.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



Mercedes
Truck
All
2018


100.0%



100.0%
0.0%


100.0%
100.0%
2.7%



Mercedes
All
All
1975
9.5%
90.5%



26.9%

38.4%

34.7%



76.1%
23.9%

Mercedes
All
All
1976
5.3%
94.7%



23.6%

26.9%

49.5%



89.3%
10.7%

Mercedes
All
All
1977
9.6%
90.4%



2.7%

48.1%

49.2%



87.1%
12.9%

Mercedes
All
All
1978
6.3%
93.7%



1.2%

48.9%

50.0%



88.8%
11.2%

Mercedes
All
All
1979
8.1%
91.9%





34.7%

65.3%



85.4%
14.6%

Mercedes
All
All
1980
9.2%
90.8%





25.3%

74.7%



89.0%
11.0%

Mercedes
All
All
1981
10.5%
89.5%





23.1%

76.9%



92.3%
7.7%

Mercedes
All
All
1982
9.0%
91.0%





20.4%

79.6%



89.9%
10.1%

Mercedes
All
All
1983
3.6%
96.4%



28.9%

11.7%
18.9%
40.5%



46.5%
53.5%

Mercedes
All
All
1984
2.8%
97.2%



33.1%

29.2%
12.7%
25.0%



42.0%
58.0%

Mercedes
All
All
1985
3.2%
96.8%





61.1%

38.9%



86.7%
13.3%

Mercedes
All
All
1986
3.9%
96.1%





92.2%

7.8%
1.5%


66.7%
33.3%

Mercedes
All
All
1987
1.2%
98.8%





79.0%

21.0%
0.9%


66.8%
33.2%

Mercedes
All
All
1988
0.5%
99.5%





99.2%

0.8%



72.8%
27.2%

Mercedes
All
All
1989
0.4%
99.6%





99.6%

0.4%



73.9%
26.1%

Mercedes
All
All
1990
0.6%
99.4%





96.5%

3.5%
13.2%


72.7%
27.3%

Mercedes
All
All
1991
2.8%
97.2%





91.8%

8.2%
15.9%


76.3%
23.7%

Mercedes
All
All
1992
0.4%
99.6%





93.9%

6.1%
35.9%
31.4%

72.9%
3.6%
23.5%
Mercedes
All
All
1993
1.6%
98.4%





100.0%


65.6%
27.6%

70.4%
2.4%
27.2%
Mercedes
All
All
1994

100.0%





98.8%

1.2%
98.8%
27.8%

77.8%
4.3%
17.9%
Mercedes
All
All
1995

100.0%





94.4%

5.6%
99.6%
23.9%

75.4%
4.6%
20.0%
Mercedes
All
All
1996

83.5%
16.5%




95.7%

4.3%
100.0%
17.1%

49.2%
30.6%
20.1%
Mercedes
All
All
1997


100.0%




97.4%

2.6%
100.0%
32.2%

36.1%
49.1%
14.8%
Mercedes
All
All
1998


100.0%




97.8%

2.2%
100.0%
11.8%




Mercedes
All
All
1999
1.4%

98.6%




97.6%

2.4%
100.0%
7.0%




Mercedes
All
All
2000
0.4%

99.6%




100.0%


100.0%
0.2%




Mercedes
All
All
2001
1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


100.0%
3.4%




Mercedes
All
All
2002
2.4%

97.6%




100.0%


100.0%
10.4%




Mercedes
All
All
2003
0.6%

99.4%




100.0%


100.0%
9.2%




Mercedes
All
All
2004
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


100.0%
14.4%




Mercedes
All
All
2005
0.6%

99.4%




96.5%

3.5%
100.0%
29.5%




Mercedes
All
All
2006
0.9%

99.1%




97.9%

2.1%
100.0%
70.9%




Mercedes
All
All
2007
0.4%

99.6%




96.5%

3.5%
100.0%
29.2%




Mercedes
All
All
2008
0.2%
7.5%
92.3%




94.4%

5.6%
100.0%
20.8%




Mercedes
All
All
2009
0.1%
8.0%
91.9%




95.9%

4.1%
100.0%
61.5%




Mercedes
All
All
2010
0.2%
1.4%
98.0%
0.3%



97.5%

2.5%
100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-160	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mercedes
All
All
2011
23.8
16.1
22.3
19.1
0
0
468
4495
48.1

224
275
7.5
1.235
0.0614
53.7


0.0%
44.5%
55.4%
Mercedes
All
All
2012
26.3
17.6
24.5
21.0
0
0
427
4450
48.2

204
282
7.4
1.417
0.0635
59.0


0.0%
54.1%
45.9%
Mercedes
All
All
2013
28.1
18.7
25.9
22.2
0
0
402
4346
47.3

200
284
7.4
1.452
0.0646
61.3



48.2%
51.8%
Mercedes
All
All
2014
29.2
19.4
26.8
23.1
0
0
387
4369
47.8

199
287
7.2
1.487
0.0652
65.3


9.0%
46.9%
44.1%
Mercedes
All
All
2015
29.8
20.0
26.8
23.4
0
0
381
4358
48.4

177
285
7.2
1.667
0.0648
66.2


8.0%
58.2%
33.8%
Mercedes
All
All
2016
30.3
20.4
27.0
23.7
0
0
376
4327
48.9

169
281
7.1
1.723
0.0646
66.4


6.7%
51.8%
41.5%
Mercedes
All
All
2017
29.3
19.8
26.3
23.1
0
0
385
4536
50.0

162
288
7.0
1.827
0.0633
67.5


4.3%
58.7%
37.0%
Mercedes
All
All
2018
30.3
20.4
27.1
23.7
0
0
374
4426
49.5

156
284
6.9
1.845
0.0638
67.7


9.0%
56.8%
34.2%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
17.2
13.4
16.7
14.7
634
486
605
3214


161
138

0.865
0.0423
28.4




100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
18.4
14.5
17.4
15.6
598
494
568
3178


159
133

0.854
0.0414
29.2




100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
19.8
15.5
19.0
16.9
554
451
526
3056

95.3
148
129

0.895
0.0420
30.5
1951
2905


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
19.2
14.7
19.0
16.4
588
452
543
3065

95.8
147
128
11.5
0.893
0.0416
29.5
1885
2821


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
19.5
15.0
19.3
16.7
577
447
533
3151

96.7
150
132
12.4
0.912
0.0419
30.8
1933
2982


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
25.0
19.6
23.7
21.3
432
358
418
3064

95.9
136
122
13.1
0.928
0.0394
38.8
2491
3715


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
25.6
20.1
24.2
21.8
423
351
409
3005

95.8
131
117
13.3
0.925
0.0387
38.9
2539
3725


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
25.4
19.9
24.0
21.6
429
355
412
2980

97.3
142
118
14.0
0.869
0.0395
38.4
2547
3727


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
25.3
19.8
24.1
21.6
437
359
412
3019

97.7
146
126
12.5
0.881
0.0413
38.5
2519
3756


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
27.0
20.9
26.2
23.0
414
333
387
2905

97.3
143
122
12.2
0.877
0.0417
39.3
2671
3824


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
25.4
19.4
25.3
21.7
447
345
412
3191

97.6
160
129
12.3
0.822
0.0402
40.8
2533
3986


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
25.0
18.9
24.9
21.2
461
349
419
3232

97.3
175
132
11.4
0.758
0.0409
40.7
2473
3957


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
23.9
18.0
23.9
20.3
483
364
437
3236

96.9
171
147
10.9
0.868
0.0455
39.1
2361
3789


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
21.3
15.9
21.1
18.0
542
412
494
3577

102.1
185
177
10.6
0.964
0.0492
38.4
2206
3914
1.9%

98.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
21.7
16.3
21.3
18.3
538
413
485
3494

99.0
176
184
9.7
1.068
0.0529
38.0
2164
3766

3.4%
96.6%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
21.9
16.2
21.7
18.4
543
407
483
3584

101.6
179
187
9.1
1.064
0.0522
39.2
2229
3988

1.0%
99.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
22.8
16.6
22.8
19.1
518
383
464
3557

98.7
164
183
9.4
1.146
0.0510
40.7
2291
4027


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
23.8
17.1
24.1
19.9
516
366
446
3648

97.9
156
186
9.2
1.205
0.0509
43.4
2337
4256


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
25.0
17.8
25.4
20.9
493
345
425
3640

99.5
161
194
8.4
1.221
0.0530
45.6
2505
4539


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
24.9
17.5
25.3
20.8
501
347
428
3660

98.0
164
198
8.4
1.218
0.0536
45.6
2447
4465


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
25.1
17.6
25.4
20.8
501
348
426
3760

99.7
167
203
8.6
1.226
0.0536
47.1
2505
4701


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
27.1
19.0
26.8
22.3
463
328
398
3453

87.9
161
181
9.1
1.141
0.0517
46.7
2366
4117


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
25.5
17.7
25.4
21.1
496
346
422
3572

92.7
182
202
8.6
1.125
0.0561
45.5
2356
4254


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
25.2
17.4
25.0
20.7
507
353
429
3595

92.6
184
205
8.7
1.124
0.0567
45.2
2326
4229


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
25.2
17.3
25.0
20.7
513
354
430
3676

96.2
179
199
8.9
1.115
0.0540
46.2
2422
4484


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
24.6
16.8
24.4
20.2
527
361
440
3681

95.4
179
198
8.5
1.108
0.0537
45.3
2357
4380


100.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
24.7
16.8
24.2
20.2
524
365
440
3734

96.7
184
220
7.9
1.206
0.0591
46.2
2399
4507

7.1%
92.9%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
26.0
17.6
25.2
21.1
499
349
421
3684

97.9
174
217
8.1
1.253
0.0585
48.0
2565
4724
8.7%
9.0%
82.4%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
26.5
17.8
25.7
21.5
492
342
414
3586

94.7
168
210
8.1
1.259
0.0579
47.6
2528
4548
14.4%
9.4%
76.2%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
26.2
17.4
25.5
21.2
504
344
419
3596

97.2
171
214
8.0
1.261
0.0589
47.2
2561
4597
13.7%
8.5%
77.8%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
26.9
17.8
25.8
21.6
489
340
411
3509

93.1
163
208
8.0
1.300
0.0583
47.3
2526
4415
28.0%
6.6%
65.4%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
27.0
17.8
26.1
21.7
491
337
409
3628

100.5
185
229
7.6
1.254
0.0623
49.2
2738
4955
16.7%

83.3%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
27.5
18.1
26.7
22.1
480
328
401
3697

100.6
185
243
7.4
1.327
0.0647
51.2
2801
5150
14.3%
18.6%
67.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
27.2
17.8
26.4
21.9
486
331
406
3794
45.4
102.0
185
256
7.3
1.394
0.0666
52.0
2810
5300
13.9%
20.2%
65.9%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
28.4
18.7
27.4
22.8
460
318
390
3692
44.3
99.1
172
242
7.4
1.411
0.0644
53.0
2868
5236
22.1%
20.8%
57.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
28.5
18.8
27.3
22.8
456
319
390
3706
44.9
100.4
170
248
7.4
1.470
0.0655
53.3
2910
5344
28.4%
24.6%
47.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
29.1
19.1
27.7
23.2
0
0
384
3857
45.9
102.9
177
255
7.2
1.442
0.0652
57.2
3075
5916
14.0%
29.4%
56.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-161	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mercedes
All
All
2011
0.1%
1.5%
98.4%
0.0%


0.5%
94.2%

5.1%
99.8%
95.7%
0.1%



Mercedes
All
All
2012
0.0%
2.0%
98.0%



59.8%
33.5%

6.7%
100.0%
93.2%
0.0%



Mercedes
All
All
2013
0.1%
4.8%
95.2%



90.1%
5.0%

4.6%
99.7%
95.1%
0.1%



Mercedes
All
All
2014
0.0%
2.4%
97.5%



89.1%
5.1%

4.7%
99.0%
94.3%
0.1%



Mercedes
All
All
2015
0.0%
3.0%
96.9%



92.7%
3.0%

3.5%
99.2%
96.6%
0.0%



Mercedes
All
All
2016
0.2%
2.3%
97.5%



97.7%
0.5%

1.4%
99.6%
98.8%
0.3%



Mercedes
All
All
2017
0.0%
1.0%
99.0%



99.4%
0.2%


99.6%
99.6%
0.5%



Mercedes
All
All
2018

0.2%
99.8%



99.7%
0.1%


99.8%
99.8%
1.5%



BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
57.8%
42.2%



51.9%

48.1%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
40.6%
59.4%



58.3%

41.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
67.7%
32.3%



3.7%

96.3%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
62.8%
37.2%



3.0%

97.0%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
67.5%
32.5%



3.3%

96.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
69.5%
30.5%



2.3%

97.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
71.0%
29.0%





100.0%





98.2%
1.8%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
62.8%
37.2%





100.0%





97.6%
2.4%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
63.3%
36.7%





100.0%





99.5%
0.5%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
64.9%
35.1%





100.0%





99.2%
0.8%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
52.0%
1.3%
46.7%




97.0%

3.0%



99.0%
1.0%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
49.8%
1.2%
49.0%




98.8%

1.2%



99.1%
0.8%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
56.9%
1.0%
42.1%




100.0%





99.3%
0.7%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
31.1%
1.3%
67.7%




100.0%


6.7%


69.7%
30.3%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
26.2%
1.3%
72.5%




100.0%


1.3%


85.0%
15.0%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
27.8%
0.8%
71.4%




100.0%


1.4%


80.5%
19.5%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
41.3%
1.1%
57.6%




100.0%


54.4%
22.8%

87.7%
12.3%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
33.0%

67.0%




100.0%


82.5%
71.8%

95.3%
4.7%

BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
28.9%

71.1%




100.0%


96.7%
65.7%

85.5%
14.5%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


99.4%
62.8%

88.2%
11.8%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
27.0%

73.0%




100.0%


99.2%
59.5%

84.8%
15.2%
0.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
37.9%

62.1%




100.0%


97.6%
99.7%

89.1%
0.3%
10.6%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
30.9%

69.1%




100.0%


99.4%
99.9%

86.4%
3.5%
10.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
32.0%

68.0%




100.0%


99.1%
100.0%

84.8%
4.0%
11.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
32.1%

67.9%




100.0%


99.4%
99.7%

92.4%
2.2%
5.4%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

90.3%
3.0%
6.7%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
23.6%

76.4%




100.0%


99.6%
99.9%

87.4%
4.1%
8.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
28.9%

69.5%
1.6%



100.0%


99.9%
91.3%

90.7%
0.0%
9.3%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
25.4%

70.7%
3.9%



100.0%


100.0%
85.6%

90.7%

9.3%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
22.9%

72.9%
4.2%



100.0%


100.0%
86.3%

71.4%
21.4%
7.2%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
25.9%

66.6%
7.5%



100.0%


100.0%
72.0%

78.6%
17.0%
4.4%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
17.6%

78.5%
3.9%



100.0%


100.0%
83.4%

74.1%
16.7%
9.1%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
15.9%

83.5%
0.6%


7.8%
92.2%


100.0%
97.5%

74.2%
19.9%
5.9%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
14.9%

84.5%
0.5%


10.0%
90.0%


100.0%
98.1%

67.1%
28.3%
4.7%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
18.3%

81.7%



30.5%
68.8%

0.6%
100.0%
100.0%

82.6%
12.9%
4.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
13.9%

86.1%



36.8%
62.0%

1.2%
100.0%
98.8%

70.2%
23.3%
6.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
10.5%
4.2%
85.3%



38.7%
58.9%

2.2%
99.8%
97.6%
0.2%
74.9%
19.9%
5.2%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-162	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
32.2
21.0
29.2
25.0
405
297
355
3741
45.9
101.6
149
252
7.3
1.693
0.0652
60.9
3355
6236
31.1%
21.9%
47.0%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
32.9
21.4
30.5
25.8
404
287
345
3779
46.2
104.0
144
260
7.0
1.812
0.0673
62.6
3476
6565
21.9%
31.6%
46.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
34.7
22.6
32.2
27.2
0
0
327
3855
47.1
108.6
140
259
6.9
1.915
0.0663
71.8
4092
7763
12.7%
39.4%
47.9%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
34.6
22.5
32.1
27.1
0
0
327
3799
46.6
106.3
136
255
6.9
1.928
0.0662
69.8
3946
7405
17.1%
37.2%
45.7%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
33.8
22.0
31.7
26.6
0
0
333
3863
47.0
108.2
139
254
6.9
1.834
0.0651
67.9
3834
7336
14.5%
41.7%
43.8%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
35.5
23.2
33.3
28.0
0
0
314
3841
46.5
109.1
134
244
7.0
1.811
0.0627
74.9
4284
8114
18.2%
42.5%
39.3%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
35.4
23.1
32.3
27.6
0
0
318
3889
47.0
110.6
135
249
6.9
1.827
0.0632
75.2
4299
8239
17.4%
43.3%
39.3%
BMW
Car
Car SUV
1975





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1976





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1977





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1978





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1979





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1980





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1981





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1982





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1983





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1984





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1985





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1986





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1987





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1988





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1989





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1990





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1991





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1992





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1993





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1994





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1995





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1996





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1997





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1998





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1999





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2000





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2001





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2002





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2003





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2004





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2005





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2006





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2007





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2008





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2009





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2010





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2011





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2012





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-163	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
13.1%
3.1%
83.8%



73.1%
26.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
69.6%
21.9%
8.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
8.6%
3.6%
87.8%



81.2%
18.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%
70.0%
19.5%
10.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
5.0%
4.8%
90.2%



87.5%
6.0%

5.4%
98.9%
91.6%
2.3%
66.8%
18.4%
14.9%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
5.6%
6.3%
88.1%



93.6%
4.2%

1.5%
99.3%
95.8%
2.7%
74.2%
13.5%
12.3%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
5.0%
5.3%
89.7%



96.1%
2.6%

1.1%
99.7%
97.4%
1.9%
66.5%
19.0%
14.5%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
5.2%
7.2%
87.6%



94.8%
3.3%

0.8%
98.9%
94.8%
5.5%
60.4%
20.5%
19.2%
BMW
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
5.1%
7.1%
87.8%



93.7%
3.5%

1.8%
99.0%
93.7%
6.3%
53.8%
28.2%
18.0%
BMW
Car
Car SUV
1975
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1976
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1977
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1978
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1979
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1980
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1981
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1982
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1983
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1984
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1985
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1986
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1987
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1988
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1989
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1990
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1991
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1992
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1993
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1994
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1995
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1996
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1997
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1998
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
1999
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2000
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2001
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2002
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2003
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2004
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2005
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2006
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2007
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2008
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2009
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2010
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2011
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2012
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-164	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2013





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2014





















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2015
35.3
22.7
33.1
27.6
392
269
322
4000
48.5

122
240
7.3
1.966
0.0600
70.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2016
34.8
22.4
32.8
27.3
397
271
325
4000
48.6

122
240
7.3
1.966
0.0600
69.6




100.0%
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2017
31.3
21.1
28.0
24.6
421
317
362
4000
48.6

122
240
7.3
1.966
0.0600
62.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2018





















BMW
Car
All
1975
17.2
13.4
16.7
14.7
634
486
605
3214


161
138

0.865
0.0423
28.4




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1976
18.4
14.5
17.4
15.6
598
494
568
3178


159
133

0.854
0.0414
29.2




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1977
19.8
15.5
19.0
16.9
554
451
526
3056


148
129

0.895
0.0420
30.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1978
19.2
14.7
19.0
16.4
588
452
543
3065


147
128
11.5
0.893
0.0416
29.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1979
19.5
15.0
19.3
16.7
577
447
533
3151


150
132
12.4
0.912
0.0419
30.8




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1980
25.0
19.6
23.7
21.3
432
358
418
3064


136
122
13.1
0.928
0.0394
38.8




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1981
25.6
20.1
24.2
21.8
423
351
409
3005


131
117
13.3
0.925
0.0387
38.9




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1982
25.4
19.9
24.0
21.6
429
355
412
2980


142
118
14.0
0.869
0.0395
38.4




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1983
25.3
19.8
24.1
21.6
437
359
412
3019


146
126
12.5
0.881
0.0413
38.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1984
27.0
20.9
26.2
23.0
414
333
387
2905


143
122
12.2
0.877
0.0417
39.3




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1985
25.4
19.4
25.3
21.7
447
345
412
3191


160
129
12.3
0.822
0.0402
40.8




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1986
25.0
18.9
24.9
21.2
461
349
419
3232


175
132
11.4
0.758
0.0409
40.7




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1987
23.9
18.0
23.9
20.3
483
364
437
3236


171
147
10.9
0.868
0.0455
39.1




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1988
21.3
15.9
21.1
18.0
542
412
494
3577


185
177
10.6
0.964
0.0492
38.4


1.9%

98.1%
BMW
Car
All
1989
21.7
16.3
21.3
18.3
538
413
485
3494


176
184
9.7
1.068
0.0529
38.0



3.4%
96.6%
BMW
Car
All
1990
21.9
16.2
21.7
18.4
543
407
483
3584


179
187
9.1
1.064
0.0522
39.2



1.0%
99.0%
BMW
Car
All
1991
22.8
16.6
22.8
19.1
518
383
464
3557


164
183
9.4
1.146
0.0510
40.7




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1992
23.8
17.1
24.1
19.9
516
366
446
3648


156
186
9.2
1.205
0.0509
43.4




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1993
25.0
17.8
25.4
20.9
493
345
425
3640


161
194
8.4
1.221
0.0530
45.6




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1994
24.9
17.5
25.3
20.8
501
347
428
3660


164
198
8.4
1.218
0.0536
45.6




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1995
25.1
17.6
25.4
20.8
501
348
426
3760


167
203
8.6
1.226
0.0536
47.1




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1996
27.1
19.0
26.8
22.3
463
328
398
3453


161
181
9.1
1.141
0.0517
46.7




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1997
25.5
17.7
25.4
21.1
496
346
422
3572


182
202
8.6
1.125
0.0561
45.5




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1998
25.2
17.4
25.0
20.7
507
353
429
3595


184
205
8.7
1.124
0.0567
45.2




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
1999
25.2
17.3
25.0
20.7
513
354
430
3676


179
199
8.9
1.115
0.0540
46.2




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
2000
24.6
16.8
24.4
20.2
527
361
440
3681


179
198
8.5
1.108
0.0537
45.3




100.0%
BMW
Car
All
2001
24.7
16.8
24.2
20.2
524
365
440
3734


184
220
7.9
1.206
0.0591
46.2



7.1%
92.9%
BMW
Car
All
2002
26.0
17.6
25.2
21.1
499
349
421
3684


174
217
8.1
1.253
0.0585
48.0


8.7%
9.0%
82.4%
BMW
Car
All
2003
26.5
17.8
25.7
21.5
492
342
414
3586


168
210
8.1
1.259
0.0579
47.6


14.4%
9.4%
76.2%
BMW
Car
All
2004
26.2
17.4
25.5
21.2
504
344
419
3596


171
214
8.0
1.261
0.0589
47.2


13.7%
8.5%
77.8%
BMW
Car
All
2005
26.9
17.8
25.8
21.6
489
340
411
3509


163
208
8.0
1.300
0.0583
47.3


28.0%
6.6%
65.4%
BMW
Car
All
2006
27.0
17.8
26.1
21.7
491
337
409
3628


185
229
7.6
1.254
0.0623
49.2


16.7%

83.3%
BMW
Car
All
2007
27.5
18.1
26.7
22.1
480
328
401
3697


185
243
7.4
1.327
0.0647
51.2


14.3%
18.6%
67.1%
BMW
Car
All
2008
27.2
17.8
26.4
21.9
486
331
406
3794
45.4

185
256
7.3
1.394
0.0666
52.0


13.9%
20.2%
65.9%
BMW
Car
All
2009
28.4
18.7
27.4
22.8
460
318
390
3692
44.3

172
242
7.4
1.411
0.0644
53.0


22.1%
20.8%
57.1%
BMW
Car
All
2010
28.5
18.8
27.3
22.8
456
319
390
3706
44.9

170
248
7.4
1.470
0.0655
53.3


28.4%
24.6%
47.0%
BMW
Car
All
2011
29.1
19.1
27.7
23.2
0
0
384
3857
45.9

177
255
7.2
1.442
0.0652
57.2


14.0%
29.4%
56.6%
BMW
Car
All
2012
32.2
21.0
29.2
25.0
405
297
355
3741
45.9

149
252
7.3
1.693
0.0652
60.9


31.1%
21.9%
47.0%
BMW
Car
All
2013
32.9
21.4
30.5
25.8
404
287
345
3779
46.2

144
260
7.0
1.812
0.0673
62.6


21.9%
31.6%
46.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-165	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
Car
Car SUV
2013
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2014
















BMW
Car
Car SUV
2015


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Car
Car SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Car
Car SUV
2018
















BMW
Car
All
1975
57.8%
42.2%



51.9%

48.1%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1976
40.6%
59.4%



58.3%

41.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1977
67.7%
32.3%



3.7%

96.3%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1978
62.8%
37.2%



3.0%

97.0%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1979
67.5%
32.5%



3.3%

96.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1980
69.5%
30.5%



2.3%

97.7%





100.0%


BMW
Car
All
1981
71.0%
29.0%





100.0%





98.2%
1.8%

BMW
Car
All
1982
62.8%
37.2%





100.0%





97.6%
2.4%

BMW
Car
All
1983
63.3%
36.7%





100.0%





99.5%
0.5%

BMW
Car
All
1984
64.9%
35.1%





100.0%





99.2%
0.8%

BMW
Car
All
1985
52.0%
1.3%
46.7%




97.0%

3.0%



99.0%
1.0%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1986
49.8%
1.2%
49.0%




98.8%

1.2%



99.1%
0.8%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1987
56.9%
1.0%
42.1%




100.0%





99.3%
0.7%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1988
31.1%
1.3%
67.7%




100.0%


6.7%


69.7%
30.3%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1989
26.2%
1.3%
72.5%




100.0%


1.3%


85.0%
15.0%

BMW
Car
All
1990
27.8%
0.8%
71.4%




100.0%


1.4%


80.5%
19.5%

BMW
Car
All
1991
41.3%
1.1%
57.6%




100.0%


54.4%
22.8%

87.7%
12.3%

BMW
Car
All
1992
33.0%

67.0%




100.0%


82.5%
71.8%

95.3%
4.7%

BMW
Car
All
1993
28.9%

71.1%




100.0%


96.7%
65.7%

85.5%
14.5%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1994
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


99.4%
62.8%

88.2%
11.8%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1995
27.0%

73.0%




100.0%


99.2%
59.5%

84.8%
15.2%
0.0%
BMW
Car
All
1996
37.9%

62.1%




100.0%


97.6%
99.7%

89.1%
0.3%
10.6%
BMW
Car
All
1997
30.9%

69.1%




100.0%


99.4%
99.9%

86.4%
3.5%
10.1%
BMW
Car
All
1998
32.0%

68.0%




100.0%


99.1%
100.0%

84.8%
4.0%
11.1%
BMW
Car
All
1999
32.1%

67.9%




100.0%


99.4%
99.7%

92.4%
2.2%
5.4%
BMW
Car
All
2000
27.9%

72.1%




100.0%


99.9%
99.9%

90.3%
3.0%
6.7%
BMW
Car
All
2001
23.6%

76.4%




100.0%


99.6%
99.9%

87.4%
4.1%
8.5%
BMW
Car
All
2002
28.9%

69.5%
1.6%



100.0%


99.9%
91.3%

90.7%
0.0%
9.3%
BMW
Car
All
2003
25.4%

70.7%
3.9%



100.0%


100.0%
85.6%

90.7%

9.3%
BMW
Car
All
2004
22.9%

72.9%
4.2%



100.0%


100.0%
86.3%

71.4%
21.4%
7.2%
BMW
Car
All
2005
25.9%

66.6%
7.5%



100.0%


100.0%
72.0%

78.6%
17.0%
4.4%
BMW
Car
All
2006
17.6%

78.5%
3.9%



100.0%


100.0%
83.4%

74.1%
16.7%
9.1%
BMW
Car
All
2007
15.9%

83.5%
0.6%


7.8%
92.2%


100.0%
97.5%

74.2%
19.9%
5.9%
BMW
Car
All
2008
14.9%

84.5%
0.5%


10.0%
90.0%


100.0%
98.1%

67.1%
28.3%
4.7%
BMW
Car
All
2009
18.3%

81.7%



30.5%
68.8%

0.6%
100.0%
100.0%

82.6%
12.9%
4.5%
BMW
Car
All
2010
13.9%

86.1%



36.8%
62.0%

1.2%
100.0%
98.8%

70.2%
23.3%
6.5%
BMW
Car
All
2011
10.5%
4.2%
85.3%



38.7%
58.9%

2.2%
99.8%
97.6%
0.2%
74.9%
19.9%
5.2%
BMW
Car
All
2012
13.1%
3.1%
83.8%



73.1%
26.9%


100.0%
100.0%
0.2%
69.6%
21.9%
8.5%
BMW
Car
All
2013
8.6%
3.6%
87.8%



81.2%
18.8%


100.0%
100.0%
0.7%
70.0%
19.5%
10.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-166	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
Car
All
2014
34.7
22.6
32.2
27.2
0
0
327
3855
47.1

140
259
6.9
1.915
0.0663
71.8


12.7%
39.4%
47.9%
BMW
Car
All
2015
34.6
22.5
32.1
27.1
0
0
327
3800
46.6

136
255
6.9
1.928
0.0662
69.8


17.0%
37.0%
46.0%
BMW
Car
All
2016
33.8
22.0
31.7
26.6
0
0
333
3865
47.1

139
254
6.9
1.835
0.0650
67.9


14.4%
41.2%
44.4%
BMW
Car
All
2017
35.1
23.0
32.8
27.7
0
0
318
3854
46.7

133
244
7.0
1.824
0.0625
73.9


16.7%
39.1%
44.2%
BMW
Car
All
2018
35.4
23.1
32.3
27.6
0
0
318
3889
47.0

135
249
6.9
1.827
0.0632
75.2


17.4%
43.3%
39.3%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1991





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1992





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1993





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1994





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1998





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
17.5
12.4
16.5
14.3
717
540
621
5000


268
282
8.1
1.052
0.0564
43.6




100.0%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
19.2
13.5
18.1
15.7
658
488
568
4797


212
247
8.9
1.183
0.0514
46.1



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
20.1
14.0
18.9
16.3
633
469
544
5000


203
243
9.4
1.211
0.0485
50.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
20.0
13.9
18.7
16.2
638
473
547
5000


205
244
9.2
1.206
0.0488
50.2



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
21.5
14.5
20.7
17.4
611
429
509
4508


185
228
9.1
1.231
0.0506
48.3



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
21.3
14.3
20.4
17.2
621
435
516
4562


194
239
8.9
1.237
0.0526
48.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
21.2
14.2
20.4
17.2
624
435
517
4543


196
242
CO
CO
1.239
0.0536
48.1



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
23.4
15.8
22.0
18.8
558
401
472
4581


204
275
8.0
1.363
0.0603
53.5



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
22.9
15.5
21.6
18.5
570
410
482
4753
50.0

204
278
8.1
1.383
0.0588
54.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
22.7
15.3
21.4
18.3
581
418
491
4984
51.2

205
284
8.1
1.404
0.0571
56.9



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
23.6
15.9
22.0
18.9
565
409
480
4935
50.7

199
292
8.1
1.460
0.0592
59.0



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
25.3
17.0
23.7
20.3
528
380
447
4964
51.1

193
300
7.4
1.548
0.0604
63.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
25.0
16.8
23.6
20.1
538
383
453
5027
51.4

191
300
7.5
1.563
0.0596
63.5



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
25.8
17.3
24.2
20.6
507
365
433
4726
50.8

171
290
7.2
1.729
0.0613
61.2



100.0%

BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
28.7
19.2
26.4
22.7
461
337
393
4602
50.4

166
286
7.1
1.756
0.0619
66.4



93.2%
6.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-167	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
Car
All
2014
5.0%
4.8%
90.2%



87.5%
6.0%

5.4%
98.9%
91.6%
2.3%
66.8%
18.4%
14.9%
BMW
Car
All
2015
5.6%
6.2%
88.2%



93.7%
4.1%

1.5%
99.3%
95.8%
2.7%



BMW
Car
All
2016
5.0%
5.2%
89.8%



96.1%
2.6%

1.0%
99.7%
97.4%
1.9%



BMW
Car
All
2017
4.8%
6.6%
88.6%



95.2%
3.1%

0.7%
99.0%
95.2%
5.1%



BMW
Car
All
2018
5.1%
7.1%
87.8%



93.7%
3.5%

1.8%
99.0%
93.7%
6.3%
53.8%
28.2%
18.0%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
















BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
1.9%

98.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
0.7%

99.3%



6.3%
93.7%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
0.2%

99.8%



12.9%
79.0%

8.1%
100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
0.5%
1.2%
98.4%



14.5%
67.1%

18.4%
100.0%
81.6%
1.2%



BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2011

0.1%
99.9%



60.2%
24.0%

15.9%
100.0%
84.1%
0.1%



BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%



65.5%
16.8%

17.7%
100.0%
82.3%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



96.2%


3.8%
100.0%
96.2%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



95.1%


4.9%
100.0%
95.1%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-168	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
28.5
19.0
26.6
22.7
469
337
397
4803
51.0

176
294
7.2
1.692
0.0610
69.2



91.7%
8.3%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
28.8
19.5
25.9
22.7
440
338
393
4705
50.6

164
287
7.1
1.772
0.0608
70.3



91.1%
8.9%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
28.8
19.5
26.1
22.8
443
336
391
4650
50.6

163
284
7.1
1.777
0.0610
68.8



87.5%
12.5%
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
29.1
19.7
25.9
22.8
430
339
389
4856
50.8

167
297
7.1
1.809
0.0612
72.2



90.0%
10.0%
BMW
Truck
All
1975





















BMW
Truck
All
1976





















BMW
Truck
All
1977





















BMW
Truck
All
1978





















BMW
Truck
All
1979





















BMW
Truck
All
1980





















BMW
Truck
All
1981





















BMW
Truck
All
1982





















BMW
Truck
All
1983





















BMW
Truck
All
1984





















BMW
Truck
All
1985





















BMW
Truck
All
1986





















BMW
Truck
All
1987





















BMW
Truck
All
1988





















BMW
Truck
All
1989





















BMW
Truck
All
1990





















BMW
Truck
All
1991





















BMW
Truck
All
1992





















BMW
Truck
All
1993





















BMW
Truck
All
1994





















BMW
Truck
All
1995





















BMW
Truck
All
1996





















BMW
Truck
All
1997





















BMW
Truck
All
1998





















BMW
Truck
All
1999





















BMW
Truck
All
2000
17.5
12.4
16.5
14.3
717
540
621
5000


268
282
8.1
1.052
0.0564
43.6




100.0%
BMW
Truck
All
2001
19.2
13.5
18.1
15.7
658
488
568
4797


212
247
8.9
1.183
0.0514
46.1



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2002
20.1
14.0
18.9
16.3
633
469
544
5000


203
243
9.4
1.211
0.0485
50.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2003
20.0
13.9
18.7
16.2
638
473
547
5000


205
244
9.2
1.206
0.0488
50.2



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2004
21.5
14.5
20.7
17.4
611
429
509
4508


185
228
9.1
1.231
0.0506
48.3



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2005
21.3
14.3
20.4
17.2
621
435
516
4562


194
239
8.9
1.237
0.0526
48.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2006
21.2
14.2
20.4
17.2
624
435
517
4543


196
242
CO
CO
1.239
0.0536
48.1



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2007
23.4
15.8
22.0
18.8
558
401
472
4581


204
275
8.0
1.363
0.0603
53.5



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2008
22.9
15.5
21.6
18.5
570
410
482
4753
50.0

204
278
8.1
1.383
0.0588
54.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2009
22.7
15.3
21.4
18.3
581
418
491
4984
51.2

205
284
8.1
1.404
0.0571
56.9



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2010
23.6
15.9
22.0
18.9
565
409
480
4935
50.7

199
292
8.1
1.460
0.0592
59.0



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2011
25.3
17.0
23.7
20.3
528
380
447
4964
51.1

193
300
7.4
1.548
0.0604
63.4



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2012
25.0
16.8
23.6
20.1
538
383
453
5027
51.4

191
300
7.5
1.563
0.0596
63.5



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2013
25.8
17.3
24.2
20.6
507
365
433
4726
50.8

171
290
7.2
1.729
0.0613
61.2



100.0%

BMW
Truck
All
2014
28.7
19.2
26.4
22.7
461
337
393
4602
50.4

166
286
7.1
1.756
0.0619
66.4



93.2%
6.8%
BMW
Truck
All
2015
28.5
19.0
26.6
22.7
469
337
397
4803
51.0

176
294
7.2
1.692
0.0610
69.2



91.7%
8.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-169	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



89.0%


11.0%
100.0%
89.0%




BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



96.6%


3.4%
100.0%
96.6%
5.5%



BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



97.5%


2.5%
100.0%
97.5%
4.3%



BMW
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



96.3%


3.7%
100.0%
96.3%
6.7%



BMW
Truck
All
1975
















BMW
Truck
All
1976
















BMW
Truck
All
1977
















BMW
Truck
All
1978
















BMW
Truck
All
1979
















BMW
Truck
All
1980
















BMW
Truck
All
1981
















BMW
Truck
All
1982
















BMW
Truck
All
1983
















BMW
Truck
All
1984
















BMW
Truck
All
1985
















BMW
Truck
All
1986
















BMW
Truck
All
1987
















BMW
Truck
All
1988
















BMW
Truck
All
1989
















BMW
Truck
All
1990
















BMW
Truck
All
1991
















BMW
Truck
All
1992
















BMW
Truck
All
1993
















BMW
Truck
All
1994
















BMW
Truck
All
1995
















BMW
Truck
All
1996
















BMW
Truck
All
1997
















BMW
Truck
All
1998
















BMW
Truck
All
1999
















BMW
Truck
All
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2001
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2002
2.0%

98.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2003
1.6%

98.4%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2004
8.7%

91.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2005
1.9%

98.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2006
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2007
1.0%

99.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2008
0.7%

99.3%



6.3%
93.7%


100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2009
0.2%

99.8%



12.9%
79.0%

8.1%
100.0%
100.0%




BMW
Truck
All
2010
0.5%
1.2%
98.4%



14.5%
67.1%

18.4%
100.0%
81.6%
1.2%



BMW
Truck
All
2011

0.1%
99.9%



60.2%
24.0%

15.9%
100.0%
84.1%
0.1%



BMW
Truck
All
2012


100.0%



65.5%
16.8%

17.7%
100.0%
82.3%




BMW
Truck
All
2013


100.0%



96.2%


3.8%
100.0%
96.2%




BMW
Truck
All
2014


100.0%



95.1%


4.9%
100.0%
95.1%




BMW
Truck
All
2015


100.0%



89.0%


11.0%
100.0%
89.0%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-170	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
Truck
All
2016
28.8
19.5
25.9
22.7
440
338
393
4705
50.6

164
287
7.1
1.772
0.0608
70.3



91.1%
8.9%
BMW
Truck
All
2017
28.8
19.5
26.1
22.8
443
336
391
4650
50.6

163
284
7.1
1.777
0.0610
68.8



87.5%
12.5%
BMW
Truck
All
2018
29.1
19.7
25.9
22.8
430
339
389
4856
50.8

167
297
7.1
1.809
0.0612
72.2



90.0%
10.0%
BMW
All
All
1975
17.2
13.4
16.7
14.7
634
486
605
3214


161
138

0.865
0.0423
28.4




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1976
18.4
14.5
17.4
15.6
598
494
568
3178


159
133

0.854
0.0414
29.2




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1977
19.8
15.5
19.0
16.9
554
451
526
3056


148
129

0.895
0.0420
30.5




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1978
19.2
14.7
19.0
16.4
588
452
543
3065


147
128
11.5
0.893
0.0416
29.5




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1979
19.5
15.0
19.3
16.7
577
447
533
3151


150
132
12.4
0.912
0.0419
30.8




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1980
25.0
19.6
23.7
21.3
432
358
418
3064


136
122
13.1
0.928
0.0394
38.8




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1981
25.6
20.1
24.2
21.8
423
351
409
3005


131
117
13.3
0.925
0.0387
38.9




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1982
25.4
19.9
24.0
21.6
429
355
412
2980


142
118
14.0
0.869
0.0395
38.4




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1983
25.3
19.8
24.1
21.6
437
359
412
3019


146
126
12.5
0.881
0.0413
38.5




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1984
27.0
20.9
26.2
23.0
414
333
387
2905


143
122
12.2
0.877
0.0417
39.3




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1985
25.4
19.4
25.3
21.7
447
345
412
3191


160
129
12.3
0.822
0.0402
40.8




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1986
25.0
18.9
24.9
21.2
461
349
419
3232


175
132
11.4
0.758
0.0409
40.7




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1987
23.9
18.0
23.9
20.3
483
364
437
3236


171
147
10.9
0.868
0.0455
39.1




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1988
21.3
15.9
21.1
18.0
542
412
494
3577


185
177
10.6
0.964
0.0492
38.4


1.9%

98.1%
BMW
All
All
1989
21.7
16.3
21.3
18.3
538
413
485
3494


176
184
9.7
1.068
0.0529
38.0



3.4%
96.6%
BMW
All
All
1990
21.9
16.2
21.7
18.4
543
407
483
3584


179
187
9.1
1.064
0.0522
39.2



1.0%
99.0%
BMW
All
All
1991
22.8
16.6
22.8
19.1
518
383
464
3557


164
183
9.4
1.146
0.0510
40.7




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1992
23.8
17.1
24.1
19.9
516
366
446
3648


156
186
9.2
1.205
0.0509
43.4




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1993
25.0
17.8
25.4
20.9
493
345
425
3640


161
194
8.4
1.221
0.0530
45.6




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1994
24.9
17.5
25.3
20.8
501
347
428
3660


164
198
8.4
1.218
0.0536
45.6




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1995
25.1
17.6
25.4
20.8
501
348
426
3760


167
203
8.6
1.226
0.0536
47.1




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1996
27.1
19.0
26.8
22.3
463
328
398
3453


161
181
9.1
1.141
0.0517
46.7




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1997
25.5
17.7
25.4
21.1
496
346
422
3572


182
202
8.6
1.125
0.0561
45.5




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1998
25.2
17.4
25.0
20.7
507
353
429
3595


184
205
8.7
1.124
0.0567
45.2




100.0%
BMW
All
All
1999
25.2
17.3
25.0
20.7
513
354
430
3676


179
199
8.9
1.115
0.0540
46.2




100.0%
BMW
All
All
2000
24.3
16.6
24.1
19.9
531
365
446
3721


182
201
8.5
1.107
0.0538
45.3




100.0%
BMW
All
All
2001
23.3
16.0
22.6
19.0
548
385
467
3959


190
226
8.1
1.201
0.0574
46.2



26.7%
73.3%
BMW
All
All
2002
24.7
16.8
23.9
20.1
518
365
442
3911


179
222
8.3
1.246
0.0568
48.4


7.2%
24.7%
68.2%
BMW
All
All
2003
25.2
17.0
24.2
20.4
510
358
435
3811


174
215
8.3
1.250
0.0565
48.1


12.1%
23.8%
64.1%
BMW
All
All
2004
24.9
16.6
24.2
20.2
526
361
440
3807


174
217
8.3
1.254
0.0570
47.4


10.6%
29.6%
59.8%
BMW
All
All
2005
25.1
16.7
24.0
20.2
520
362
440
3803


171
217
8.3
1.283
0.0567
47.6


20.2%
32.6%
47.2%
BMW
All
All
2006
25.8
17.1
24.9
20.8
509
350
427
3779


187
231
7.8
1.252
0.0608
49.0


14.0%
16.5%
69.5%
BMW
All
All
2007
26.7
17.6
25.7
21.5
493
340
414
3860


189
249
7.5
1.334
0.0639
51.6


11.7%
33.6%
54.7%
BMW
All
All
2008
26.3
17.4
25.4
21.2
498
342
419
3961
46.2

188
260
7.5
1.392
0.0652
52.4


11.5%
34.1%
54.4%
BMW
All
All
2009
27.3
18.0
26.2
21.9
476
331
407
3903
45.4

178
249
7.5
1.410
0.0632
53.6


18.5%
33.7%
47.8%
BMW
All
All
2010
27.6
18.3
26.3
22.1
471
330
404
3899
45.8

174
255
7.5
1.468
0.0645
54.2


23.9%
36.5%
39.6%
BMW
All
All
2011
28.4
18.7
26.9
22.6
0
0
395
4045
46.8

180
262
7.2
1.460
0.0644
58.3


11.6%
41.4%
47.0%
BMW
All
All
2012
30.0
19.7
27.5
23.5
433
315
380
4071
47.3

160
264
7.3
1.660
0.0637
61.6


23.1%
41.9%
35.0%
BMW
All
All
2013
30.8
20.2
28.7
24.3
425
303
366
4012
47.4

151
267
7.0
1.792
0.0658
62.3


16.5%
48.4%
35.1%
BMW
All
All
2014
33.2
21.7
30.8
26.1
0
0
341
4017
47.8

145
265
6.9
1.880
0.0653
70.6


9.9%
51.0%
39.1%
BMW
All
All
2015
33.2
21.7
30.8
26.1
0
0
341
4006
47.5

144
263
7.0
1.880
0.0651
69.7


13.5%
48.2%
38.3%
BMW
All
All
2016
32.4
21.3
30.0
25.5
0
0
349
4080
48.0

146
263
6.9
1.819
0.0639
68.5


10.7%
53.9%
35.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-171	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
Truck
All
2016


100.0%



96.6%


3.4%
100.0%
96.6%
5.5%



BMW
Truck
All
2017


100.0%



97.5%


2.5%
100.0%
97.5%
4.3%



BMW
Truck
All
2018


100.0%



96.3%


3.7%
100.0%
96.3%
6.7%



BMW
All
All
1975
57.8%
42.2%



51.9%

48.1%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1976
40.6%
59.4%



58.3%

41.7%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1977
67.7%
32.3%



3.7%

96.3%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1978
62.8%
37.2%



3.0%

97.0%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1979
67.5%
32.5%



3.3%

96.7%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1980
69.5%
30.5%



2.3%

97.7%





100.0%


BMW
All
All
1981
71.0%
29.0%





100.0%





98.2%
1.8%

BMW
All
All
1982
62.8%
37.2%





100.0%





97.6%
2.4%

BMW
All
All
1983
63.3%
36.7%





100.0%





99.5%
0.5%

BMW
All
All
1984
64.9%
35.1%





100.0%





99.2%
0.8%

BMW
All
All
1985
52.0%
1.3%
46.7%




97.0%

3.0%



99.0%
1.0%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1986
49.8%
1.2%
49.0%




98.8%

1.2%



99.1%
0.8%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1987
56.9%
1.0%
42.1%




100.0%





99.3%
0.7%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1988
31.1%
1.3%
67.7%




100.0%


6.7%


69.7%
30.3%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1989
26.2%
1.3%
72.5%




100.0%


1.3%


85.0%
15.0%

BMW
All
All
1990
27.8%
0.8%
71.4%




100.0%


1.4%


80.5%
19.5%

BMW
All
All
1991
41.3%
1.1%
57.6%




100.0%


54.4%
22.8%

87.7%
12.3%

BMW
All
All
1992
33.0%

67.0%




100.0%


82.5%
71.8%

95.3%
4.7%

BMW
All
All
1993
28.9%

71.1%




100.0%


96.7%
65.7%

85.5%
14.5%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1994
24.9%

75.1%




100.0%


99.4%
62.8%

88.2%
11.8%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1995
27.0%

73.0%




100.0%


99.2%
59.5%

84.8%
15.2%
0.0%
BMW
All
All
1996
37.9%

62.1%




100.0%


97.6%
99.7%

89.1%
0.3%
10.6%
BMW
All
All
1997
30.9%

69.1%




100.0%


99.4%
99.9%

86.4%
3.5%
10.1%
BMW
All
All
1998
32.0%

68.0%




100.0%


99.1%
100.0%

84.8%
4.0%
11.1%
BMW
All
All
1999
32.1%

67.9%




100.0%


99.4%
99.7%

92.4%
2.2%
5.4%
BMW
All
All
2000
27.1%

72.9%




100.0%


99.9%
99.9%




BMW
All
All
2001
19.5%

80.5%




100.0%


99.7%
100.0%




BMW
All
All
2002
24.2%

74.4%
1.3%



100.0%


100.0%
92.8%




BMW
All
All
2003
21.6%

75.1%
3.2%



100.0%


100.0%
87.9%




BMW
All
All
2004
19.7%

77.1%
3.2%



100.0%


100.0%
89.4%




BMW
All
All
2005
19.2%

75.4%
5.4%



100.0%


100.0%
79.8%




BMW
All
All
2006
14.9%

81.9%
3.2%



100.0%


100.0%
86.1%




BMW
All
All
2007
13.1%

86.4%
0.5%


6.3%
93.7%


100.0%
98.0%




BMW
All
All
2008
12.4%

87.1%
0.4%


9.4%
90.6%


100.0%
98.4%




BMW
All
All
2009
15.4%

84.6%



27.7%
70.5%

1.9%
100.0%
100.0%




BMW
All
All
2010
11.8%
0.2%
88.0%



33.3%
62.8%

3.9%
100.0%
96.1%
0.2%



BMW
All
All
2011
8.7%
3.5%
87.8%



42.3%
53.0%

4.5%
99.8%
95.3%
0.2%



BMW
All
All
2012
9.7%
2.3%
87.9%



71.2%
24.3%

4.5%
100.0%
95.5%
0.2%



BMW
All
All
2013
6.5%
2.7%
90.8%



84.9%
14.2%

0.9%
100.0%
99.1%
0.5%



BMW
All
All
2014
3.9%
3.7%
92.3%



89.2%
4.7%

5.3%
99.1%
92.3%
1.8%



BMW
All
All
2015
4.4%
5.0%
90.6%



92.7%
3.3%

3.5%
99.5%
94.4%
2.1%



BMW
All
All
2016
3.7%
3.9%
92.4%



96.3%
1.9%

1.6%
99.8%
97.2%
2.8%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-172	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
BMW
All
All
2017
32.8
21.8
30.3
25.9
0
0
341
4107
47.9

143
257
7.0
1.809
0.0620
72.3


11.4%
54.5%
34.1%
BMW
All
All
2018
33.6
22.1
30.4
26.2
0
0
336
4137
48.0

143
261
6.9
1.822
0.0627
74.4


13.0%
55.2%
31.8%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
17.1
13.3
16.6
14.6
647
519
609
2812


140
115

0.810
0.0404
24.6




100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
21.9
17.0
21.2
18.7
502
406
476
2853


140
115

0.801
0.0397
32.0




100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
29.3
23.3
27.4
25.0
356
314
356
2525

86.5
105
79

0.722
0.0301
38.1
2652
3284


100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
35.5
28.9
31.8
30.2
302
275
295
2269

86.3
80
54
17.9
0.668
0.0237
40.8
3112
3520


100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
25.6
19.8
25.0
21.9
419
344
407
2554

75.8
113
92
14.7
0.798
0.0354
33.9
2167
2678


100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
26.0
20.2
25.1
22.2
416
343
401
2559

80.9
112
78
16.1
0.703
0.0305
34.2
2292
2858


100.0%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
31.1
24.8
28.7
26.4
346
303
336
2449

87.2
111
77
15.8
0.692
0.0315
38.7
2872
3453
35.6%

64.4%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
29.4
23.4
27.3
25.0
366
317
356
2523

82.5
116
79
16.8
0.683
0.0314
38.0
2602
3243
29.7%

70.3%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
28.9
22.6
27.5
24.6
371
308
361
2493

82.3
119
85
14.5
0.713
0.0339
37.6
2650
3278
58.6%

41.4%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
30.0
23.4
28.9
25.6
361
298
347
2548

90.2
118
85
14.7
0.720
0.0332
39.7
2943
3726
74.9%

25.1%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
29.7
23.1
28.6
25.3
365
301
352
2547

88.9
118
85
14.5
0.719
0.0332
39.2
2877
3642
72.4%

27.6%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
29.4
22.6
28.5
25.0
381
307
356
2693

99.3
122
102
12.7
0.836
0.0377
40.2
3027
4031
76.2%

23.8%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
29.2
22.2
28.5
24.7
388
307
359
2716

92.5
122
104
12.8
0.847
0.0380
40.3
2863
3804
76.3%

23.7%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
28.4
21.5
27.6
24.0
403
318
371
2870

100.5
129
113
12.6
0.875
0.0390
41.1
2959
4184
75.6%

24.4%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
29.5
22.2
28.2
24.7
393
311
359
2857

106.6
125
108
12.5
0.858
0.0374
42.2
3190
4523
86.2%
0.0%
13.8%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
29.9
22.3
28.8
25.0
391
305
355
2870

95.4
123
114
11.2
0.935
0.0396
43.1
2898
4176
67.2%
0.7%
32.1%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
30.2
22.4
28.9
25.2
391
304
353
2866

98.5
122
113
11.4
0.927
0.0393
43.4
3018
4335
75.2%
0.1%
24.7%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
30.5
22.6
28.9
25.3
388
303
351
2898

99.6
121
119
11.1
0.976
0.0404
44.2
3075
4446
72.8%

27.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
30.1
22.0
28.6
24.9
397
306
357
2890

99.5
125
123
10.1
0.987
0.0424
43.8
3047
4398
83.6%

16.4%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
30.3
22.0
28.8
25.0
399
305
356
2877

100.6
123
119
10.2
0.974
0.0414
43.9
3098
4460
79.8%

20.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
30.6
21.9
29.5
25.2
400
297
353
2981

103.4
120
123
10.7
1.028
0.0410
46.0
3226
4791
89.7%

10.3%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
31.5
22.4
29.9
25.8
391
293
345
2895

102.5
115
118
11.2
1.019
0.0406
46.0
3293
4780
89.1%

10.9%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
30.8
21.8
29.1
25.1
403
302
354
2914

103.1
116
119
11.2
1.022
0.0406
45.2
3222
4710
89.4%

10.6%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
30.0
21.1
28.2
24.4
415
313
365
3018

109.9
118
125
11.5
1.050
0.0409
45.4
3331
4985
100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
30.2
21.3
27.9
24.4
413
317
365
2926

100.1
118
129
10.8
1.089
0.0441
44.2
3044
4477
100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
30.0
21.1
27.5
24.1
416
321
368
2955

103.1
118
129
10.4
1.092
0.0435
44.5
3124
4611
91.5%

8.5%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
29.3
20.5
26.8
23.5
430
330
378
3036

100.3
123
135
10.0
1.098
0.0444
44.6
2964
4503
86.6%

13.4%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
29.6
20.5
26.7
23.6
430
331
377
3076

105.0
127
138
10.0
1.088
0.0447
45.6
3124
4806
92.5%

7.5%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
30.0
20.6
27.0
23.8
428
328
374
3160

105.1
134
152
9.5
1.127
0.0477
47.4
3167
5019
91.8%

8.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.0
19.0
25.7
22.3
459
342
399
3292

107.5
152
184
8.4
1.218
0.0558
46.4
3061
5022
76.4%

23.6%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
29.5
20.0
26.6
23.3
440
331
382
3238

108.8
136
171
CO
CO
1.329
0.0529
48.0
3250
5245
87.7%

12.3%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
30.3
20.4
27.6
23.9
431
320
371
3216

107.4
138
172
8.6
1.267
0.0534
49.0
3283
5297
83.8%
3.3%
12.9%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
31.0
20.9
28.1
24.5
422
314
363
3194

109.0
134
165
9.0
1.257
0.0519
49.7
3406
5449
89.8%
1.0%
9.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
32.0
21.5
28.9
25.2
412
306
353
3133
43.0
105.5
131
162
9.1
1.245
0.0517
50.2
3399
5344
90.5%

9.5%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
31.2
20.9
28.6
24.7
421
309
360
3292
45.0
110.1
144
175
8.7
1.250
0.0530
51.6
3470
5714
92.3%

7.7%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
33.4
22.3
30.5
26.3
397
290
338
3246
44.1
109.0
138
164
9.0
1.192
0.0504
54.3
3669
5950
96.1%

3.9%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
34.5
22.9
30.6
26.7
385
289
332
3127
43.5
107.2
130
154
9.3
1.185
0.0489
53.9
3723
5811
95.8%

4.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
37.8
24.8
33.6
29.1
353
261
305
3089
43.8
107.7
128
157
9.0
1.225
0.0505
59.0
4147
6386
96.8%

3.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
38.9
25.5
34.3
29.9
343
256
298
2997
43.1
105.9
122
153
9.0
1.249
0.0509
59.1
4208
6302
95.8%

4.2%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
42.4
27.5
37.0
32.2
321
239
276
3139
45.5
110.5
132
162
CO
CO
1.227
0.0515
66.8
4731
7438
97.9%

2.1%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
42.9
27.7
37.6
32.6
319
235
273
3185
46.0
111.2
135
168
8.5
1.245
0.0526
68.5
4817
7670
97.3%

2.7%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
42.9
27.8
37.2
32.5
318
238
274
3124
45.2
106.8
132
164
8.6
1.241
0.0525
67.1
4609
7247
84.2%
7.9%
7.9%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
40.8
26.9
36.0
31.5
329
246
283
3206
45.3
107.2
136
167
8.6
1.233
0.0522
65.5
4390
7082
85.3%
6.9%
7.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-173	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
BMW
All
All
2017
3.3%
4.5%
92.2%



96.0%
2.1%

1.3%
99.3%
96.0%
4.8%



BMW
All
All
2018
3.8%
5.3%
90.9%



94.4%
2.6%

2.3%
99.3%
94.4%
6.4%



Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
61.3%
38.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
51.5%
48.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
80.7%
19.3%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
75.2%
24.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
80.2%
19.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
79.0%
21.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
78.2%
21.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
75.6%
24.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
78.2%
21.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
70.4%
27.5%
2.1%


94.0%


5.4%
0.6%



100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
68.0%
28.5%
3.4%


95.6%

3.9%

0.6%



100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
64.4%
31.7%
3.9%


1.5%

98.5%





100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
62.1%
15.3%
22.6%




100.0%





100.0%


Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
54.3%
0.6%
45.1%




100.0%


50.7%


50.7%
49.3%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
47.2%
0.4%
52.5%




100.0%


58.0%


42.1%
57.9%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
54.8%

45.2%




100.0%


72.5%


54.4%
45.6%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
51.4%

48.6%




100.0%


73.3%


52.9%
47.1%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
45.2%

54.8%




100.0%


83.4%


69.8%
30.2%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
43.7%

56.3%




100.0%


79.2%


58.6%
41.4%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
35.9%

64.1%




100.0%


98.7%


63.8%
36.2%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
25.6%

74.4%




100.0%


99.5%


64.0%
36.0%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
30.6%

69.4%




100.0%


100.0%


55.7%
44.3%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
28.2%

71.8%




100.0%


100.0%


54.5%
45.5%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


100.0%


46.7%
53.3%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
23.6%

76.4%




100.0%


100.0%


58.3%
41.7%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
20.2%

79.8%




100.0%


100.0%


59.8%
40.2%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
20.0%

80.0%




100.0%


100.0%


62.0%
38.0%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
22.3%

77.7%




100.0%


100.0%


72.9%
27.1%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
29.1%

70.9%




100.0%


100.0%
36.1%

63.9%
36.1%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
32.8%

67.2%




100.0%


82.3%
80.7%

60.2%
38.2%
1.6%
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
25.0%

75.0%




100.0%


90.0%
90.0%

61.3%
38.7%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
28.8%

71.2%




100.0%


96.9%
87.3%

58.3%
41.7%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
22.2%

77.8%




100.0%


97.2%
97.2%

64.6%
35.4%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
22.2%

77.8%



4.2%
95.8%


98.9%
98.9%

72.7%
27.3%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
18.9%

81.1%



3.0%
97.0%


96.8%
96.8%

55.2%
44.8%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
16.8%

83.2%



2.6%
97.4%


99.4%
99.4%

76.0%
24.0%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
15.4%

84.6%



2.1%
97.9%


99.5%
99.5%

80.6%
19.4%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
13.7%

86.3%



48.5%
51.5%


100.0%
100.0%

62.4%
37.6%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
15.9%

84.1%



57.6%
42.4%


100.0%
100.0%

67.7%
32.3%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
10.9%

89.1%



88.4%
11.6%


100.0%
100.0%

46.2%
53.8%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
11.5%

88.5%



97.3%
2.7%


100.0%
100.0%

42.6%
57.4%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
12.2%

87.8%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

53.2%
46.8%

Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
11.9%

88.1%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

49.0%
51.0%

* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-174	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
40.3
26.3
34.8
30.6
336
254
291
3366
45.3
109.0
141
179
8.4
1.263
0.0530
67.8
4413
7448
90.7%
4.2%
5.1%
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1975





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1976





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1977





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1978





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1979





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1980





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1981





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1982





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1983





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1984





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1985





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1986





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1987





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1988





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1989





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1990





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1991





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1992
21.4
15.8
20.6
17.9
562
430
497
4000


231
170
10.3
0.736
0.0425
42.8




100.0%
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1993
21.8
15.9
21.1
18.2
557
420
489
4000


231
170
9.7
0.736
0.0425
43.6




100.0%
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1994
21.4
15.6
20.6
17.8
568
430
499
4000


231
170
9.6
0.736
0.0425
42.9




100.0%
Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1995





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1996





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1997





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1998





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1999





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2000





















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2001
24.6
17.0
23.4
20.0
519
380
445
3500


176
193
CO
CO
1.095
0.0550
43.3


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2002
25.1
17.4
23.4
20.2
511
380
439
3500


178
195
CO
CO
1.097
0.0557
44.0


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2003
25.2
17.2
23.6
20.3
516
376
438
3500


179
196
8.7
1.097
0.0561
44.1


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2004
25.2
17.1
23.6
20.2
519
377
439
3500


178
195
CO
CO
1.097
0.0558
44.2


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2005
26.5
18.3
23.3
20.9
482
380
425
3500


164
180
9.3
1.096
0.0515
46.5


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2006
27.2
18.9
23.5
21.3
467
377
417
3500


156
171
9.7
1.095
0.0487
47.7


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2007
24.2
16.5
22.1
19.3
538
402
461
4000


140
244
7.5
1.743
0.0610
48.4


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2008
26.6
18.1
24.0
21.1
485
370
422
3767
45.8

143
204
8.9
1.433
0.0538
50.2


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2009
26.9
18.4
24.1
21.3
478
366
418
3839
46.4

145
221
7.9
1.537
0.0574
51.9


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2010
29.4
19.7
27.2
23.4
451
326
380
3564
47.7

151
173
9.4
1.148
0.0483
52.4


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2011
29.7
19.9
27.1
23.4
447
328
379
3518
47.8

153
165
9.7
1.082
0.0468
52.3


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2012
29.5
19.7
26.7
23.2
451
332
383
4000
48.1

152
162
10.5
1.066
0.0406
59.1


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2013
38.5
26.3
31.7
29.1
339
280
305
3500
46.1

122
155
9.9
1.270
0.0443
67.4


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2014
36.9
24.9
31.3
28.2
356
284
315
3500
46.1

144
176
9.0
1.223
0.0504
64.7


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2015
36.8
24.8
31.2
28.1
357
285
316
3500
46.1

146
178
9.0
1.219
0.0509
64.4


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2016
38.9
26.3
32.5
29.5
338
273
301
3500
46.1

152
184
8.7
1.207
0.0524
68.1


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2017
36.6
24.0
31.2
27.6
370
285
321
4000
46.3

153
187
9.3
1.226
0.0468
73.2


100.0%


Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2018
37.6
25.6
30.9
28.4
353
292
319
4000
46.3

150
185
9.4
1.229
0.0462
75.2


100.0%


* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-175	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
6.3%

93.7%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%

52.0%
48.0%

Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1975
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1976
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1977
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1978
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1979
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1980
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1981
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1982
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1983
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1984
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1985
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1986
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1987
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1988
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1989
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1990
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1991
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1992
31.5%

68.5%




100.0%








Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1993
24.6%

75.4%




100.0%








Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1994
31.7%

68.3%




100.0%








Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1995
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1996
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1997
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1998
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
1999
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2000
















Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2001
10.6%

89.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2002
7.1%

92.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2003
5.3%

94.7%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2004
6.6%

93.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2005
5.6%

94.4%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2006
7.8%

92.2%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2008
2.8%

96.2%
1.0%


52.4%
47.6%


100.0%
100.0%
1.0%



Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2009
2.9%

95.6%
1.5%


66.3%
33.7%


100.0%
100.0%
1.5%



Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2010
0.4%

99.5%
0.0%


12.7%
87.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2011
0.4%

99.6%



3.6%
96.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2012


100.0%



1.5%
98.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2013
6.5%

93.5%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2014
5.6%

94.4%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2015
2.5%

97.5%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2016
1.5%

98.5%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
Car SUV
2018


100.0%



87.4%


12.6%
100.0%
87.4%




* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-176	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Car
All
1975
17.1
13.3
16.6
14.6
647
519
609
2812


140
115

0.810
0.0404
24.6




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1976
21.9
17.0
21.2
18.7
502
406
476
2853


140
115

0.801
0.0397
32.0




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1977
29.3
23.3
27.4
25.0
356
314
356
2525


105
79

0.722
0.0301
38.1




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1978
35.5
28.9
31.8
30.2
302
275
295
2269


80
54
17.9
0.668
0.0237
40.8




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1979
25.6
19.8
25.0
21.9
419
344
407
2554


113
92
14.7
0.798
0.0354
33.9




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1980
26.0
20.2
25.1
22.2
416
343
401
2559


112
78
16.1
0.703
0.0305
34.2




100.0%
Mazda
Car
All
1981
31.1
24.8
28.7
26.4
346
303
336
2449


111
77
15.8
0.692
0.0315
38.7


35.6%

64.4%
Mazda
Car
All
1982
29.4
23.4
27.3
25.0
366
317
356
2523


116
79
16.8
0.683
0.0314
38.0


29.7%

70.3%
Mazda
Car
All
1983
28.9
22.6
27.5
24.6
371
308
361
2493


119
85
14.5
0.713
0.0339
37.6


58.6%

41.4%
Mazda
Car
All
1984
30.0
23.4
28.9
25.6
361
298
347
2548


118
85
14.7
0.720
0.0332
39.7


74.9%

25.1%
Mazda
Car
All
1985
29.7
23.1
28.6
25.3
365
301
352
2547


118
85
14.5
0.719
0.0332
39.2


72.4%

27.6%
Mazda
Car
All
1986
29.4
22.6
28.5
25.0
381
307
356
2693


122
102
12.7
0.836
0.0377
40.2


76.2%

23.8%
Mazda
Car
All
1987
29.2
22.2
28.5
24.7
388
307
359
2716


122
104
12.8
0.847
0.0380
40.3


76.3%

23.7%
Mazda
Car
All
1988
28.4
21.5
27.6
24.0
403
318
371
2870


129
113
12.6
0.875
0.0390
41.1


75.6%

24.4%
Mazda
Car
All
1989
29.5
22.2
28.2
24.7
393
311
359
2857


125
108
12.5
0.858
0.0374
42.2


86.2%
0.0%
13.8%
Mazda
Car
All
1990
29.9
22.3
28.8
25.0
391
305
355
2870


123
114
11.2
0.935
0.0396
43.1


67.2%
0.7%
32.1%
Mazda
Car
All
1991
30.2
22.4
28.9
25.2
391
304
353
2866


122
113
11.4
0.927
0.0393
43.4


75.2%
0.1%
24.7%
Mazda
Car
All
1992
30.2
22.4
28.6
25.1
391
305
354
2921


123
120
11.0
0.971
0.0404
44.1


71.3%

28.7%
Mazda
Car
All
1993
30.0
22.0
28.6
24.8
398
307
358
2895


125
123
10.1
0.986
0.0424
43.8


83.2%

16.8%
Mazda
Car
All
1994
30.2
21.9
28.7
24.9
400
305
357
2885


124
120
10.2
0.972
0.0414
43.9


79.2%

20.8%
Mazda
Car
All
1995
30.6
21.9
29.5
25.2
400
297
353
2981


120
123
10.7
1.028
0.0410
46.0


89.7%

10.3%
Mazda
Car
All
1996
31.5
22.4
29.9
25.8
391
293
345
2895


115
118
11.2
1.019
0.0406
46.0


89.1%

10.9%
Mazda
Car
All
1997
30.8
21.8
29.1
25.1
403
302
354
2914


116
119
11.2
1.022
0.0406
45.2


89.4%

10.6%
Mazda
Car
All
1998
30.0
21.1
28.2
24.4
415
313
365
3018


118
125
11.5
1.050
0.0409
45.4


100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1999
30.2
21.3
27.9
24.4
413
317
365
2926


118
129
10.8
1.089
0.0441
44.2


100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
2000
30.0
21.1
27.5
24.1
416
321
368
2955


118
129
10.4
1.092
0.0435
44.5


91.5%

8.5%
Mazda
Car
All
2001
28.4
19.8
26.2
22.9
442
337
389
3109


131
144
9.8
1.097
0.0461
44.4


88.8%

11.2%
Mazda
Car
All
2002
28.9
20.1
26.3
23.1
438
336
384
3125


133
145
9.9
1.089
0.0460
45.4


93.4%

6.6%
Mazda
Car
All
2003
29.2
20.1
26.5
23.2
438
334
383
3207


140
158
9.4
1.123
0.0489
46.9


92.9%

7.1%
Mazda
Car
All
2004
27.8
18.9
25.5
22.1
463
345
402
3308


154
185
8.4
1.209
0.0558
46.3


78.2%

21.8%
Mazda
Car
All
2005
29.0
19.7
26.0
22.9
446
338
389
3277


140
173
CO
CO
1.294
0.0527
47.8


89.5%

10.5%
Mazda
Car
All
2006
30.0
20.2
27.1
23.6
434
325
376
3245


140
172
CO
CO
1.250
0.0529
48.8


85.5%
2.9%
11.6%
Mazda
Car
All
2007
29.9
20.1
27.1
23.6
435
324
377
3305


135
176
CO
CO
1.324
0.0531
49.5


91.2%
0.8%
7.9%
Mazda
Car
All
2008
30.9
20.8
27.9
24.4
422
315
365
3238
43.5

133
169
9.0
1.277
0.0521
50.2


92.1%

7.9%
Mazda
Car
All
2009
30.7
20.6
28.0
24.2
427
314
367
3354
45.1

144
181
8.6
1.283
0.0535
51.6


93.1%

6.9%
Mazda
Car
All
2010
32.8
21.8
29.9
25.8
404
295
344
3293
44.6

140
165
9.0
1.185
0.0501
54.1


96.7%

3.3%
Mazda
Car
All
2011
33.4
22.2
29.8
26.0
396
296
342
3205
44.3

135
156
9.4
1.164
0.0485
53.6


96.6%

3.4%
Mazda
Car
All
2012
37.4
24.5
33.3
28.8
356
263
308
3122
43.9

129
157
9.0
1.219
0.0501
59.0


97.0%

3.0%
Mazda
Car
All
2013
38.9
25.6
33.8
29.7
342
260
299
3086
43.6

122
154
9.2
1.253
0.0497
60.6


96.5%

3.5%
Mazda
Car
All
2014
41.0
26.9
35.5
31.2
328
248
285
3222
45.6

135
166
CO
CO
1.226
0.0513
66.3


98.4%

1.6%
Mazda
Car
All
2015
41.4
27.0
36.0
31.5
327
244
282
3252
46.1

137
170
8.6
1.239
0.0523
67.7


97.8%

2.2%
Mazda
Car
All
2016
41.6
27.3
35.7
31.6
324
247
282
3234
45.4

138
170
8.6
1.231
0.0525
67.4


88.8%
5.6%
5.6%
Mazda
Car
All
2017
39.9
26.3
35.0
30.6
337
253
290
3361
45.5

139
171
8.7
1.231
0.0511
67.0


88.2%
5.5%
6.3%
Mazda
Car
All
2018
39.7
26.2
33.9
30.1
340
261
296
3500
45.5

143
180
8.6
1.255
0.0515
69.4


92.7%
3.3%
4.0%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1975





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-177	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Car
All
1975
61.3%
38.7%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1976
51.5%
48.5%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1977
80.7%
19.3%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1978
75.2%
24.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1979
80.2%
19.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1980
79.0%
21.0%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1981
78.2%
21.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1982
75.6%
24.4%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1983
78.2%
21.8%



100.0%







100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1984
70.4%
27.5%
2.1%


94.0%


5.4%
0.6%



100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1985
68.0%
28.5%
3.4%


95.6%

3.9%

0.6%



100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1986
64.4%
31.7%
3.9%


1.5%

98.5%





100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1987
62.1%
15.3%
22.6%




100.0%





100.0%


Mazda
Car
All
1988
54.3%
0.6%
45.1%




100.0%


50.7%


50.7%
49.3%

Mazda
Car
All
1989
47.2%
0.4%
52.5%




100.0%


58.0%


42.1%
57.9%

Mazda
Car
All
1990
54.8%

45.2%




100.0%


72.5%


54.4%
45.6%

Mazda
Car
All
1991
51.4%

48.6%




100.0%


73.3%


52.9%
47.1%

Mazda
Car
All
1992
44.9%

55.1%




100.0%


81.7%





Mazda
Car
All
1993
43.6%

56.4%




100.0%


78.8%





Mazda
Car
All
1994
35.8%

64.2%




100.0%


98.0%





Mazda
Car
All
1995
25.6%

74.4%




100.0%


99.5%


64.0%
36.0%

Mazda
Car
All
1996
30.6%

69.4%




100.0%


100.0%


55.7%
44.3%

Mazda
Car
All
1997
28.2%

71.8%




100.0%


100.0%


54.5%
45.5%

Mazda
Car
All
1998
16.7%

83.3%




100.0%


100.0%


46.7%
53.3%

Mazda
Car
All
1999
23.6%

76.4%




100.0%


100.0%


58.3%
41.7%

Mazda
Car
All
2000
20.2%

79.8%




100.0%


100.0%


59.8%
40.2%

Mazda
Car
All
2001
18.5%

81.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
All
2002
20.5%

79.5%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Car
All
2003
25.8%

74.2%




100.0%


100.0%
31.2%




Mazda
Car
All
2004
30.9%

69.1%




100.0%


83.6%
74.6%




Mazda
Car
All
2005
22.1%

77.9%




100.0%


91.5%
76.4%




Mazda
Car
All
2006
26.6%

73.4%




100.0%


97.3%
78.3%




Mazda
Car
All
2007
19.1%

80.9%




100.0%


97.6%
97.6%




Mazda
Car
All
2008
19.0%

80.8%
0.2%


12.2%
87.8%


99.1%
99.1%
0.2%



Mazda
Car
All
2009
17.1%

82.8%
0.2%


10.1%
89.9%


97.2%
97.2%
0.2%



Mazda
Car
All
2010
14.3%

85.7%
0.0%


4.1%
95.9%


99.5%
99.5%
0.0%



Mazda
Car
All
2011
12.4%

87.6%



2.4%
97.6%


99.6%
99.6%




Mazda
Car
All
2012
13.2%

86.8%



46.8%
53.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2013
14.2%

85.8%



65.1%
34.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2014
9.7%

90.3%



91.1%
8.9%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2015
9.6%

90.4%



97.8%
2.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2016
9.1%

90.9%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2017
9.6%

90.4%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Car
All
2018
5.0%

95.0%



97.3%


2.7%
100.0%
97.3%




Mazda
Truck
Van
1975
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-178	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Truck
Van
1976





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1977





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1978





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1979





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1980





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1981





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1982





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1983





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1984





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1985





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1986





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1987





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1988





















Mazda
Truck
Van
1989
22.5
16.9
22.0
19.0
525
403
469
3998


174
142
13.5
0.814
0.0356
45.1



4.8%
95.2%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1990
20.2
15.3
19.3
17.0
579
458
524
4000


177
147
12.6
0.825
0.0366
40.6



88.0%
12.0%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1991
20.3
15.2
19.3
17.0
580
458
523
3999


177
146
12.7
0.824
0.0365
40.8



86.7%
13.3%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1992
21.3
15.7
20.6
17.8
565
430
500
4081


179
153
12.1
0.855
0.0375
43.5



16.3%
83.7%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1993
21.4
15.7
20.7
17.9
564
429
498
4050


180
155
11.1
0.861
0.0383
43.4



10.1%
89.9%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1994
21.3
15.5
20.7
17.7
573
429
501
4067


179
151
11.5
0.841
0.0371
43.4



95.5%
4.5%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1995
20.9
15.1
20.1
17.3
587
440
513
4089


180
152
11.7
0.844
0.0372
42.7



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Van
1996
20.8
15.0
20.0
17.2
593
444
517
4133


180
152
12.2
0.844
0.0369
42.9



26.6%
73.4%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1997
20.5
14.8
19.5
16.9
600
454
525
4178


180
152
12.2
0.844
0.0365
42.9



35.6%
64.4%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1998
20.0
14.4
18.9
16.4
617
469
541
4287


180
152
12.8
0.844
0.0356
42.9



57.4%
42.6%
Mazda
Truck
Van
1999





















Mazda
Truck
Van
2000
23.1
16.3
21.4
18.7
544
415
474
4000


152
170
10.9
1.118
0.0425
46.2


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2001
23.2
16.3
21.4
18.7
546
415
474
4000


152
160
11.1
1.053
0.0400
46.3


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2002
23.7
16.2
22.9
19.3
550
388
461
4000


183
200
9.7
1.093
0.0500
47.4


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2003
23.8
16.1
22.9
19.3
553
389
461
4000


183
200
9.3
1.093
0.0500
47.5


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2004
23.7
16.0
22.8
19.2
556
391
463
4000


183
200
9.3
1.093
0.0500
47.5


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2005
23.7
15.8
22.6
19.1
561
393
465
4000


183
200
9.3
1.093
0.0500
47.4


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2006
23.6
15.8
22.5
19.0
563
394
467
4000


183
200
9.4
1.093
0.0500
47.2


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2007





















Mazda
Truck
Van
2008
30.7
20.9
27.3
24.1
426
326
369
3500
45.3

140
153
10.6
1.093
0.0437
53.7


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2009
30.3
20.7
26.8
23.8
429
332
374
3500
45.3

140
153
10.4
1.093
0.0437
53.0


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2010
30.7
20.9
27.3
24.1
425
326
369
3500
45.1

140
153
10.5
1.093
0.0437
53.7


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2011





















Mazda
Truck
Van
2012
32.3
21.5
27.8
24.7
412
320
360
3500
45.0

153
157
10.3
1.029
0.0449
56.5


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2013
32.2
21.5
27.9
24.7
413
319
359
3500
45.0

153
157
10.3
1.029
0.0449
56.4


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2014
32.3
21.6
27.9
24.8
411
319
359
3500
45.0

153
157
10.3
1.029
0.0449
56.6


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2015
32.4
21.6
27.8
24.8
411
319
359
3500
45.0

153
157
10.3
1.029
0.0449
56.6


100.0%


Mazda
Truck
Van
2016





















Mazda
Truck
Van
2017





















Mazda
Truck
Van
2018





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976





















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-179	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Truck
Van
1976
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1977
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1978
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1979
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1980
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1981
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1982
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1983
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1984
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1985
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1986
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1987
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1988
















Mazda
Truck
Van
1989
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Van
1990
3.5%

96.5%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Van
1991
2.4%

97.6%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Van
1992


100.0%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Van
1993


100.0%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Van
1994


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
1995


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
1996


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
1997


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
1999
















Mazda
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2005


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Van
2006


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2007
















Mazda
Truck
Van
2008
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2009
4.8%

95.2%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2010
6.7%

93.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2011
















Mazda
Truck
Van
2012
3.7%

96.3%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2013
3.9%

96.1%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2014
3.0%

97.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2015


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Van
2016
















Mazda
Truck
Van
2017
















Mazda
Truck
Van
2018
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
















* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-180	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
20.5
15.2
19.8
17.2
583
449
518
4330


231
170
11.2
0.736
0.0394
44.3



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
20.5
15.3
19.5
17.1
581
456
520
4500


231
170
11.1
0.736
0.0378
46.2



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
20.6
15.1
19.7
17.1
587
450
519
4500


231
170
10.5
0.736
0.0378
46.3



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
20.3
14.9
19.4
16.9
595
458
526
4383


231
170
10.3
0.736
0.0389
44.6



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000





















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
23.6
16.4
22.3
19.2
541
399
464
3500


180
197
8.9
1.098
0.0563
41.3



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
23.8
16.5
22.2
19.2
538
401
462
3500


180
198
9.0
1.098
0.0566
41.7



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
23.6
16.2
22.0
19.0
547
403
467
3500


181
199
8.9
1.098
0.0569
41.4



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
23.7
16.2
21.8
19.0
547
408
468
3500


181
199
8.9
1.098
0.0568
41.4



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
24.0
16.8
21.2
19.0
530
419
467
3916


175
192
9.7
1.098
0.0489
47.1



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
24.8
17.3
21.8
19.6
512
406
453
3850


169
186
9.9
1.096
0.0480
47.8



100.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
23.2
15.7
21.6
18.6
564
410
477
4211


171
252
7.8
1.526
0.0599
48.9


22.0%
78.0%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
23.5
16.0
21.6
18.8
553
411
473
4303
49.5

199
256
8.1
1.324
0.0593
50.5


31.4%
68.6%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
23.1
15.7
21.5
18.5
565
413
479
4357
49.9

202
263
7.7
1.343
0.0604
50.4


31.1%
68.9%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
23.2
15.7
21.6
18.6
564
411
478
4408
50.4

211
266
7.8
1.292
0.0604
51.1


37.4%
62.6%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
24.6
16.7
22.5
19.6
530
394
453
4423
50.5

215
268
7.8
1.263
0.0605
54.5


37.5%
62.5%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
24.5
16.6
22.7
19.6
534
392
453
4497
51.1

225
273
7.7
1.212
0.0607
55.1


45.3%
54.7%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
29.8
20.3
26.2
23.3
418
332
381
3967
48.4

171
210
9.0
1.237
0.0518
60.2


23.8%
76.2%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
31.2
21.3
27.1
24.3
407
323
366
4102
47.5

171
207
9.2
1.211
0.0500
65.0


12.6%
87.4%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
31.5
21.4
27.4
24.4
405
321
363
4125
47.4

171
207
9.2
1.207
0.0498
65.9


13.9%
86.1%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
34.2
23.3
29.0
26.2
380
306
339
4053
47.1

153
191
9.4
1.252
0.0471
69.3


5.9%
94.1%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
33.7
22.6
28.8
25.8
392
308
345
4079
47.2

153
193
9.4
1.267
0.0473
68.7


4.3%
95.7%

Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
33.8
23.0
28.9
26.0
388
309
344
4153
48.1

152
198
9.3
1.307
0.0476
70.3


11.3%
88.7%

Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1975
16.8
12.8
17.0
14.4
677
517
618
3000


85
114

1.391
0.0381
25.8




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1976
18.2
13.9
18.2
15.5
620
480
572
3000


86
110

1.329
0.0367
28.0




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1977
24.5
18.9
24.0
20.9
440
353
425
3000


96
98

1.098
0.0326
39.0




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-181	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
34.1%

65.9%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
46.0%

54.0%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
32.1%

67.9%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
23.4%

76.6%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
















Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
4.1%

95.9%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
2.9%

97.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
1.2%

98.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
1.7%

98.3%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
0.9%

99.1%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
4.4%

95.1%
0.5%



100.0%


100.0%

0.5%



Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2007


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2008


99.9%
0.1%


23.9%
76.1%


100.0%
100.0%
0.1%



Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2009


99.8%
0.2%


25.3%
74.7%


100.0%
96.9%
0.2%



Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2010


100.0%
0.0%


15.7%
84.3%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2011


100.0%



10.4%
89.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2012


100.0%



0.6%
99.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2013


100.0%



53.3%
46.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2014


100.0%



71.7%
28.3%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2015


100.0%



74.3%
25.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
Truck SUV
2018


100.0%



94.2%


5.8%
100.0%
94.2%




Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1975
77.4%
22.6%



100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1976
87.7%
12.3%



100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1977
93.2%
6.8%



100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-182	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1978
31.7
25.5
29.0
26.9
348
306
330
3000


110
67
18.5
0.607
0.0223
47.7




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1979
30.2
23.9
28.2
25.7
371
315
346
3000


120
72
18.3
0.600
0.0240
45.3




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1980
30.1
23.8
28.2
25.6
373
315
347
2907


120
76
17.7
0.633
0.0262
43.8




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1981
31.0
24.3
29.4
26.4
366
302
337
2885


120
76
17.5
0.634
0.0264
44.7




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1982
31.6
25.0
29.7
26.9
366
308
340
2921


123
72
19.5
0.588
0.0247
46.3




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1983
30.6
24.1
28.9
26.1
371
308
343
2908


121
75
17.3
0.621
0.0258
44.6




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1984
29.7
23.5
27.9
25.3
378
318
352
2860


120
77
16.8
0.639
0.0269
42.7




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1985





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1986
27.7
21.4
26.7
23.6
415
333
377
3000


122
80
15.6
0.656
0.0267
41.6




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1987
26.2
20.2
25.1
22.2
437
351
401
3062


131
85
15.6
0.648
0.0276
40.3



12.0%
88.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1988
26.4
20.2
25.1
22.2
439
353
400
3030


135
86
15.4
0.639
0.0284
40.0



6.1%
93.9%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1989
26.2
20.0
24.7
22.0
443
358
404
3055


136
89
14.7
0.653
0.0290
40.0



11.0%
89.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1990
25.9
19.7
24.1
21.6
448
366
411
3116


140
95
13.5
0.675
0.0303
40.4



12.4%
87.6%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1991
25.6
19.5
23.8
21.4
454
371
416
3166


142
98
13.4
0.687
0.0309
40.6



13.0%
87.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1992
25.6
19.3
23.6
21.2
459
373
419
3178


142
98
13.2
0.684
0.0306
40.6



15.0%
85.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1993
25.9
19.4
23.9
21.4
455
370
415
3091


137
91
12.7
0.663
0.0295
40.1



16.5%
83.5%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1994
24.5
18.0
23.1
20.2
485
380
439
3573


181
136
10.6
0.749
0.0377
44.0



20.6%
79.4%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1995
26.8
19.6
25.0
22.0
449
353
403
3592


157
123
11.4
0.789
0.0340
48.4



13.0%
87.0%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1996





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1997





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1998
24.8
17.9
22.8
20.2
487
386
441
3612


178
133
11.8
0.757
0.0368
45.4



21.2%
78.8%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1999
24.0
17.2
22.2
19.5
508
395
455
3664


177
134
11.8
0.763
0.0364
44.6



20.2%
79.8%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2000
23.8
16.9
21.8
19.3
516
402
462
3638


177
139
11.1
0.787
0.0381
43.8



17.5%
82.5%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2001
23.1
16.3
21.2
18.6
536
416
477
3617


180
147
10.4
0.822
0.0406
42.2



14.4%
85.6%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2002
23.5
16.6
21.3
18.9
524
411
470
3734


178
151
10.6
0.858
0.0404
44.6



16.1%
83.9%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2003
24.9
17.5
22.2
19.8
496
394
448
3720


171
150
10.5
0.890
0.0403
47.0



8.3%
91.7%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2004
25.0
17.4
22.4
19.9
499
389
447
3699


171
153
10.4
0.908
0.0412
47.0



13.9%
86.1%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2005
25.0
17.3
22.2
19.8
503
393
450
3699


170
153
10.4
0.912
0.0412
46.8



16.8%
83.2%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2006
26.0
17.9
23.3
20.6
487
375
431
3643


161
150
10.4
0.949
0.0412
48.0



10.9%
89.1%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2007
26.2
18.1
23.2
20.7
482
377
430
3628


157
149
10.5
0.967
0.0412
48.1



8.3%
91.7%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2008
26.3
18.3
23.1
20.8
476
376
428
3598
45.9

160
155
10.3
0.987
0.0429
48.2



18.2%
81.8%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2009
28.5
19.9
24.4
22.3
435
357
399
3545
45.4

149
149
10.2
1.006
0.0418
51.6



9.1%
90.9%
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2010





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2011





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2012





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2013





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2014





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2015





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2016





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2017





















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2018





















Mazda
Truck
All
1975
16.8
12.8
17.0
14.4
677
517
618
3000


85
114

1.391
0.0381
25.8




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1976
18.2
13.9
18.2
15.5
620
480
572
3000


86
110

1.329
0.0367
28.0




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1977
24.5
18.9
24.0
20.9
440
353
425
3000


96
98

1.098
0.0326
39.0




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1978
31.7
25.5
29.0
26.9
348
306
330
3000


110
67
18.5
0.607
0.0223
47.7




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-183	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1978
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1980
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1982
100.0%




77.6%



22.4%






Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1983
97.0%
3.0%



94.9%



5.1%






Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1984
91.5%
8.5%



98.1%



1.9%






Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1985
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1986
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1987
92.2%

7.8%


100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1988
88.6%

11.4%


100.0%










Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1989
87.2%

12.8%


89.0%

11.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1990
79.3%

20.7%


62.0%

38.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1991
79.8%

20.2%


53.4%

46.6%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1992
82.1%

17.9%


58.5%

41.5%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1993
85.6%

14.4%


74.5%

25.5%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1994
68.9%

31.1%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1995
83.4%

16.6%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1996
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1997
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1998
57.3%

42.7%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
1999
53.4%

46.6%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2000
48.1%

51.9%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2001
40.8%

59.2%




100.0%


12.7%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2002
35.4%

64.6%




100.0%


30.6%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2003
40.3%

59.7%




100.0%


44.7%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2004
44.0%

56.0%




100.0%


51.1%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2005
33.9%

66.1%




100.0%


53.3%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2006
42.0%

58.0%




100.0%


66.8%





Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2007
46.0%

54.0%




100.0%


72.6%
72.6%




Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2008
47.4%

52.6%




100.0%


80.4%
80.4%




Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2009
47.3%

52.7%




100.0%


90.9%
90.9%




Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2010
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2011
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2012
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2013
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2014
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2015
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2016
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2017
















Mazda
Truck
Pickup
2018
















Mazda
Truck
All
1975
77.4%
22.6%



100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1976
87.7%
12.3%



100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1977
93.2%
6.8%



100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1978
100.0%




100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-184	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
Truck
All
1979
30.2
23.9
28.2
25.7
371
315
346
3000


120
72
18.3
0.600
0.0240
45.3




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1980
30.1
23.8
28.2
25.6
373
315
347
2907


120
76
17.7
0.633
0.0262
43.8




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1981
31.0
24.3
29.4
26.4
366
302
337
2885


120
76
17.5
0.634
0.0264
44.7




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1982
31.6
25.0
29.7
26.9
366
308
340
2921


123
72
19.5
0.588
0.0247
46.3




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1983
30.6
24.1
28.9
26.1
371
308
343
2908


121
75
17.3
0.621
0.0258
44.6




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1984
29.7
23.5
27.9
25.3
378
318
352
2860


120
77
16.8
0.639
0.0269
42.7




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1985





















Mazda
Truck
All
1986
27.7
21.4
26.7
23.6
415
333
377
3000


122
80
15.6
0.656
0.0267
41.6




100.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1987
26.2
20.2
25.1
22.2
437
351
401
3062


131
85
15.6
0.648
0.0276
40.3



12.0%
88.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1988
26.4
20.2
25.1
22.2
439
353
400
3030


135
86
15.4
0.639
0.0284
40.0



6.1%
93.9%
Mazda
Truck
All
1989
25.2
19.1
23.9
21.1
461
369
420
3291


145
102
14.4
0.693
0.0307
41.3



9.5%
90.5%
Mazda
Truck
All
1990
23.3
17.7
21.9
19.5
493
398
456
3472


155
116
13.1
0.736
0.0328
40.5



42.9%
57.1%
Mazda
Truck
All
1991
22.8
17.2
21.4
19.0
508
408
468
3608


165
124
12.9
0.743
0.0340
41.1



50.3%
49.7%
Mazda
Truck
All
1992
23.2
17.3
21.9
19.3
507
401
460
3653


163
126
12.6
0.764
0.0341
42.2



19.9%
80.1%
Mazda
Truck
All
1993
23.3
17.3
22.0
19.4
507
399
459
3616


163
125
11.8
0.757
0.0340
42.0



19.0%
81.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
1994
23.6
17.3
22.4
19.5
504
392
455
3708


183
140
10.7
0.766
0.0376
43.9



38.9%
61.1%
Mazda
Truck
All
1995
24.4
17.7
23.1
20.1
490
379
442
3768


165
133
11.6
0.809
0.0351
46.4



43.8%
56.2%
Mazda
Truck
All
1996
20.8
15.0
20.0
17.2
593
444
517
4133


180
152
12.2
0.844
0.0369
42.9



26.6%
73.4%
Mazda
Truck
All
1997
20.5
14.8
19.5
16.9
600
454
525
4178


180
152
12.2
0.844
0.0365
42.9



35.6%
64.4%
Mazda
Truck
All
1998
23.4
16.8
21.6
19.1
515
404
466
3785


178
138
12.0
0.780
0.0365
44.7



30.4%
69.6%
Mazda
Truck
All
1999
24.0
17.2
22.2
19.5
508
395
455
3664


177
134
11.8
0.763
0.0364
44.6



20.2%
79.8%
Mazda
Truck
All
2000
23.3
16.6
21.6
18.9
533
410
469
3861


162
158
11.0
0.991
0.0408
45.2


61.5%
6.8%
31.7%
Mazda
Truck
All
2001
23.3
16.3
21.6
18.8
541
410
471
3727


169
168
10.2
1.000
0.0454
43.5


38.6%
36.4%
25.0%
Mazda
Truck
All
2002
23.7
16.4
22.1
19.1
537
399
464
3744


181
184
9.7
1.023
0.0494
44.5


34.5%
40.0%
25.6%
Mazda
Truck
All
2003
24.0
16.5
22.4
19.3
535
394
460
3778


179
187
9.5
1.043
0.0496
45.5


44.3%
32.2%
23.4%
Mazda
Truck
All
2004
24.0
16.3
22.4
19.3
540
395
461
3782


180
190
9.4
1.056
0.0502
45.5


48.1%
33.8%
18.1%
Mazda
Truck
All
2005
24.0
16.4
21.9
19.2
539
404
464
3924


178
190
9.6
1.073
0.0484
47.2


41.4%
48.2%
10.4%
Mazda
Truck
All
2006
24.5
16.7
22.4
19.5
527
396
455
3877


174
185
9.7
1.069
0.0476
47.6


42.3%
41.9%
15.8%
Mazda
Truck
All
2007
23.4
15.9
21.7
18.8
557
408
473
4168


170
245
8.0
1.486
0.0586
48.8


20.4%
72.9%
6.7%
Mazda
Truck
All
2008
24.8
16.9
22.7
19.8
516
387
449
4105
48.4

185
230
8.7
1.264
0.0554
51.2


45.9%
52.0%
2.1%
Mazda
Truck
All
2009
26.5
18.0
24.0
21.0
483
365
423
3896
47.4

169
204
9.1
1.207
0.0514
51.8


66.7%
31.9%
1.4%
Mazda
Truck
All
2010
25.2
17.1
23.2
20.1
510
378
442
4110
48.6

188
229
8.7
1.227
0.0549
52.0


58.0%
42.0%

Mazda
Truck
All
2011
24.6
16.7
22.5
19.6
530
394
453
4423
50.5

215
268
7.8
1.263
0.0605
54.5


37.5%
62.5%

Mazda
Truck
All
2012
27.8
18.7
24.9
21.8
466
353
407
4003
48.1

189
215
9.0
1.121
0.0528
55.8


72.4%
27.6%

Mazda
Truck
All
2013
30.4
20.6
26.6
23.6
417
328
376
3859
47.6

166
197
9.3
1.189
0.0502
59.3


41.5%
58.5%

Mazda
Truck
All
2014
31.4
21.3
27.2
24.3
407
322
365
4016
47.2

168
200
9.3
1.185
0.0493
63.8


25.1%
74.9%

Mazda
Truck
All
2015
31.6
21.4
27.4
24.5
406
320
363
4052
47.1

169
201
9.3
1.187
0.0492
64.8


23.9%
76.1%

Mazda
Truck
All
2016
34.2
23.3
29.0
26.2
380
306
339
4053
47.1

153
191
9.4
1.252
0.0471
69.3


5.9%
94.1%

Mazda
Truck
All
2017
33.7
22.6
28.8
25.8
392
308
345
4079
47.2

153
193
9.4
1.267
0.0473
68.7


4.3%
95.7%

Mazda
Truck
All
2018
33.8
23.0
28.9
26.0
388
309
344
4153
48.1

152
198
9.3
1.307
0.0476
70.3


11.3%
88.7%

Mazda
All
All
1975
17.1
13.2
16.6
14.6
649
519
610
2823


137
115

0.843
0.0402
24.6




100.0%
Mazda
All
All
1976
21.3
16.5
20.7
18.2
516
415
489
2873


133
114

0.875
0.0392
31.4




100.0%
Mazda
All
All
1977
28.8
22.7
27.0
24.5
363
318
363
2572


104
81

0.759
0.0303
38.2




100.0%
Mazda
All
All
1978
35.3
28.7
31.6
29.9
304
276
297
2312


82
55
18.0
0.664
0.0236
41.2




100.0%
Mazda
All
All
1979
25.8
20.0
25.1
22.0
417
343
404
2574


113
91
14.9
0.789
0.0349
34.4




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-185	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
Truck
All
1979
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1980
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1981
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1982
100.0%




77.6%



22.4%






Mazda
Truck
All
1983
97.0%
3.0%



94.9%



5.1%






Mazda
Truck
All
1984
91.5%
8.5%



98.1%



1.9%






Mazda
Truck
All
1985
















Mazda
Truck
All
1986
100.0%




100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1987
92.2%

7.8%


100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1988
88.6%

11.4%


100.0%










Mazda
Truck
All
1989
66.9%

33.1%


66.8%

33.2%








Mazda
Truck
All
1990
48.7%

51.3%


37.0%

63.0%








Mazda
Truck
All
1991
45.9%

54.1%


27.5%

72.5%








Mazda
Truck
All
1992
43.2%

56.8%


29.1%

70.9%








Mazda
Truck
All
1993
43.4%

56.6%


36.0%

64.0%








Mazda
Truck
All
1994
53.4%

46.6%




100.0%


19.2%





Mazda
Truck
All
1995
53.9%

46.1%




100.0%


35.4%





Mazda
Truck
All
1996


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
All
1997


100.0%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
Truck
All
1998
42.6%

57.4%




100.0%


25.6%





Mazda
Truck
All
1999
53.4%

46.6%




100.0%








Mazda
Truck
All
2000
18.5%

81.5%




100.0%


61.5%





Mazda
Truck
All
2001
13.2%

86.8%




100.0%


74.5%





Mazda
Truck
All
2002
11.8%

88.2%




100.0%


78.8%
34.5%




Mazda
Truck
All
2003
10.6%

89.4%




100.0%


85.9%
44.3%




Mazda
Truck
All
2004
9.8%

90.2%




100.0%


89.7%
48.1%




Mazda
Truck
All
2005
4.6%

95.4%




100.0%


94.2%





Mazda
Truck
All
2006
9.2%

90.6%
0.2%



100.0%


94.1%
42.3%
0.2%



Mazda
Truck
All
2007
3.3%

96.7%




100.0%


98.0%
98.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2008
2.3%

97.6%
0.1%


18.0%
82.0%


99.5%
99.5%
0.1%



Mazda
Truck
All
2009
3.2%

96.7%
0.1%


11.7%
88.3%


99.9%
98.5%
0.1%



Mazda
Truck
All
2010
2.2%

97.8%
0.0%


10.6%
89.4%


100.0%
100.0%
0.0%



Mazda
Truck
All
2011


100.0%



10.4%
89.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2012
1.8%

98.2%



0.3%
99.7%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2013
0.9%

99.1%



40.9%
59.1%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2014
0.4%

99.6%



61.4%
38.6%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2015


100.0%



65.6%
34.4%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2016


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2017


100.0%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
Truck
All
2018


100.0%



94.2%


5.8%
100.0%
94.2%




Mazda
All
All
1975
62.2%
37.8%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1976
56.6%
43.4%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1977
81.9%
18.1%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1978
76.6%
23.4%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1979
81.1%
18.9%



100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-186	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
Mazda
All
All
1980
26.2
20.4
25.3
22.3
413
341
398
2578


113
78
16.1
0.699
0.0303
34.8




100.0%
Mazda
All
All
1981
31.1
24.8
28.8
26.4
348
302
336
2493


112
76
15.9
0.686
0.0310
39.3


32.0%

68.0%
Mazda
All
All
1982
29.7
23.6
27.6
25.2
366
315
353
2578


117
78
17.2
0.670
0.0305
39.2


25.6%

74.4%
Mazda
All
All
1983
29.4
23.0
27.9
25.0
371
308
356
2614


120
82
15.3
0.686
0.0315
39.7


41.5%

58.5%
Mazda
All
All
1984
29.9
23.4
28.4
25.4
369
307
350
2702


119
81
15.7
0.680
0.0301
41.1


38.1%

61.9%
Mazda
All
All
1985
29.7
23.1
28.6
25.3
365
301
352
2547


118
85
14.5
0.719
0.0332
39.2


72.4%

27.6%
Mazda
All
All
1986
28.7
22.1
27.7
24.3
395
318
365
2828


122
93
14.0
0.757
0.0328
40.8


42.7%

57.3%
Mazda
All
All
1987
27.7
21.2
26.8
23.4
410
327
379
2882


126
95
14.1
0.751
0.0330
40.3


39.7%
5.8%
54.6%
Mazda
All
All
1988
27.9
21.2
26.9
23.5
411
326
378
2909


130
107
13.3
0.819
0.0364
40.8


57.5%
1.5%
41.1%
Mazda
All
All
1989
27.7
20.9
26.4
23.2
417
331
382
3022


133
106
13.3
0.795
0.0348
41.9


53.4%
3.6%
43.0%
Mazda
All
All
1990
27.4
20.6
26.2
22.9
419
329
387
3063


133
115
11.8
0.871
0.0374
42.3


45.7%
14.2%
40.1%
Mazda
All
All
1991
27.1
20.3
25.8
22.6
425
333
393
3123


137
117
11.9
0.863
0.0374
42.6


49.1%
17.5%
33.4%
Mazda
All
All
1992
27.7
20.5
26.2
23.0
420
329
387
3143


135
122
11.5
0.908
0.0385
43.6


49.6%
6.0%
44.4%
Mazda
All
All
1993
28.6
21.0
27.1
23.6
413
320
376
3023


132
124
10.4
0.945
0.0409
43.5


68.5%
3.4%
28.1%
Mazda
All
All
1994
27.5
20.1
26.1
22.7
431
331
391
3170


144
127
10.4
0.901
0.0401
43.9


51.8%
13.5%
34.7%
Mazda
All
All
1995
29.5
21.1
28.3
24.3
411
306
366
3096


126
125
10.8
0.996
0.0401
46.0


76.6%
6.4%
17.0%
Mazda
All
All
1996
30.3
21.6
28.8
24.8
401
301
358
2991


120
120
11.3
1.006
0.0403
45.8


82.3%
2.1%
15.7%
Mazda
All
All
1997
29.8
21.1
28.2
24.3
412
310
366
3004


120
121
11.3
1.010
0.0403
45.0


83.1%
2.5%
14.4%
Mazda
All
All
1998
27.9
19.8
26.1
22.7
438
332
392
3219


134
128
11.6
0.979
0.0398
45.2


73.7%
8.0%
18.3%
Mazda
All
All
1999
28.9
20.4
26.7
23.4
427
328
380
3054


128
129
11.0
1.032
0.0427
44.3


82.7%
3.5%
13.8%
Mazda
All
All
2000
27.6
19.5
25.4
22.3
446
344
399
3228


131
138
10.6
1.061
0.0427
44.7


82.5%
2.0%
15.5%
Mazda
All
All
2001
26.3
18.4
24.3
21.2
474
361
419
3338


145
153
10.0
1.061
0.0458
44.1


70.3%
13.4%
16.3%
Mazda
All
All
2002
27.4
19.0
25.1
21.9
460
351
405
3287


145
155
9.8
1.072
0.0469
45.2


77.9%
10.5%
11.6%
Mazda
All
All
2003
27.4
18.8
25.1
21.9
464
350
406
3379


152
167
9.4
1.099
0.0491
46.5


78.3%
9.7%
12.0%
Mazda
All
All
2004
27.0
18.4
24.9
21.5
475
353
412
3392


158
186
8.6
1.182
0.0548
46.1


72.8%
6.0%
21.2%
Mazda
All
All
2005
27.9
19.0
25.2
22.1
460
348
402
3394


147
176
9.0
1.254
0.0519
47.7


80.9%
8.7%
10.5%
Mazda
All
All
2006
29.4
19.9
26.6
23.2
441
330
383
3303


143
173
CO
CO
1.233
0.0525
48.7


81.5%
6.5%
12.0%
Mazda
All
All
2007
28.6
19.3
26.1
22.7
451
335
392
3442


140
187
8.7
1.350
0.0540
49.4


80.0%
12.2%
7.7%
Mazda
All
All
2008
29.2
19.7
26.5
23.1
442
330
385
3448
44.7

145
184
9.0
1.274
0.0529
50.4


80.9%
12.6%
6.5%
Mazda
All
All
2009
29.3
19.8
26.7
23.2
441
327
383
3509
45.8

151
187
8.7
1.261
0.0529
51.6


85.6%
9.1%
5.3%
Mazda
All
All
2010
30.9
20.7
28.3
24.4
421
308
364
3454
45.4

150
178
9.0
1.193
0.0510
53.6


89.0%
8.3%
2.7%
Mazda
All
All
2011
31.7
21.2
28.4
24.8
412
308
359
3394
45.3

147
173
9.1
1.180
0.0503
53.7


87.4%
9.7%
2.9%
Mazda
All
All
2012
34.6
22.9
30.8
26.8
377
280
331
3330
44.9

143
171
9.0
1.196
0.0508
58.3


91.2%
6.5%
2.3%
Mazda
All
All
2013
36.1
24.1
31.5
27.8
360
275
320
3295
44.7

134
165
9.2
1.235
0.0498
60.2


81.7%
15.8%
2.5%
Mazda
All
All
2014
37.9
25.1
32.8
29.0
346
264
306
3433
46.0

144
175
9.0
1.215
0.0507
65.7


78.9%
19.9%
1.2%
Mazda
All
All
2015
38.1
25.2
33.2
29.2
345
261
304
3473
46.3

146
178
CO
CO
1.225
0.0514
66.9


77.5%
21.0%
1.6%
Mazda
All
All
2016
38.8
25.9
33.1
29.6
341
264
301
3507
46.0

143
177
8.9
1.238
0.0507
68.0


61.1%
35.2%
3.7%
Mazda
All
All
2017
37.9
25.1
32.9
29.0
351
266
306
3569
46.0

143
178
8.9
1.242
0.0500
67.5


63.9%
31.7%
4.4%
Mazda
All
All
2018
37.6
25.1
32.1
28.7
354
275
312
3707
46.3

146
186
CO
CO
1.272
0.0503
69.7


66.9%
30.4%
2.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
15.8
12.3
15.2
13.5
670
542
660
4058


288
136

0.515
0.0331
32.3


6.5%

93.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
610
502
598
4059


287
134

0.502
0.0324
35.5


5.8%

94.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
18.3
14.4
17.4
15.6
577
479
570
3944

110.4
279
133

0.516
0.0335
36.4
2091
4021
6.8%

93.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
19.9
15.5
19.1
16.9
537
441
525
3588

109.0
251
124
13.7
0.538
0.0342
35.9
2240
3926
9.6%

90.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
20.3
15.9
19.2
17.2
532
443
517
3485

108.9
238
119
14.5
0.545
0.0338
35.4
2258
3878
11.9%
0.3%
87.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
23.5
18.3
22.6
20.0
467
380
446
3101

104.2
188
100
15.5
0.583
0.0322
36.6
2507
3841
29.7%
0.9%
69.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-187	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
Mazda
All
All
1980
80.1%
19.9%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1981
80.4%
19.6%



100.0%










Mazda
All
All
1982
79.0%
21.0%



96.9%



3.1%






Mazda
All
All
1983
83.7%
16.3%



98.5%



1.5%






Mazda
All
All
1984
80.8%
18.1%
1.1%


96.0%


2.8%
1.2%






Mazda
All
All
1985
68.0%
28.5%
3.4%


95.6%

3.9%

0.6%



100.0%


Mazda
All
All
1986
80.0%
17.8%
2.2%


44.7%

55.3%








Mazda
All
All
1987
76.6%
7.9%
15.5%


48.0%

52.0%








Mazda
All
All
1988
62.5%
0.5%
37.0%


24.0%

76.0%








Mazda
All
All
1989
54.7%
0.2%
45.1%


25.4%

74.6%








Mazda
All
All
1990
52.9%

47.1%


11.8%

88.2%








Mazda
All
All
1991
49.5%

50.5%


9.6%

90.4%








Mazda
All
All
1992
44.4%

55.6%


8.9%

91.1%








Mazda
All
All
1993
43.6%

56.4%


6.4%

93.6%








Mazda
All
All
1994
41.9%

58.1%




100.0%


70.7%





Mazda
All
All
1995
29.7%

70.3%




100.0%


90.2%





Mazda
All
All
1996
28.2%

71.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
All
All
1997
26.2%

73.8%




100.0%


100.0%





Mazda
All
All
1998
23.5%

76.5%




100.0%


80.5%





Mazda
All
All
1999
28.8%

71.2%




100.0%


82.7%





Mazda
All
All
2000
19.7%

80.3%




100.0%


88.4%





Mazda
All
All
2001
16.6%

83.4%




100.0%


90.6%





Mazda
All
All
2002
18.2%

81.8%




100.0%


94.4%
9.0%




Mazda
All
All
2003
21.2%

78.8%




100.0%


95.7%
35.1%




Mazda
All
All
2004
27.1%

72.9%




100.0%


84.7%
69.9%




Mazda
All
All
2005
18.9%

81.1%




100.0%


92.0%
62.7%




Mazda
All
All
2006
25.0%

74.9%
0.0%



100.0%


97.0%
75.0%
0.0%



Mazda
All
All
2007
16.6%

83.4%




100.0%


97.7%
97.7%




Mazda
All
All
2008
15.0%

84.9%
0.1%


13.6%
86.4%


99.2%
99.2%
0.1%



Mazda
All
All
2009
13.1%

86.7%
0.1%


10.5%
89.5%


97.9%
97.5%
0.1%



Mazda
All
All
2010
11.9%

88.1%
0.0%


5.4%
94.6%


99.6%
99.6%
0.0%



Mazda
All
All
2011
10.5%

89.5%



3.6%
96.4%


99.6%
99.6%




Mazda
All
All
2012
10.5%

89.5%



35.8%
64.2%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2013
10.6%

89.4%



58.5%
41.5%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2014
7.2%

92.8%



83.2%
16.8%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2015
7.0%

93.0%



89.0%
11.0%


100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2016
6.1%

93.9%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2017
6.8%

93.2%



100.0%



100.0%
100.0%




Mazda
All
All
2018
3.4%

96.6%



96.4%


3.6%
100.0%
96.4%




All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1975
19.6%
80.1%
0.3%


94.6%

5.1%

0.2%



55.4%
23.3%
21.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1976
17.1%
82.9%



96.6%

3.2%

0.3%



55.4%
25.2%
19.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1977
16.8%
83.2%



95.3%

4.2%

0.5%



51.9%
24.5%
23.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1978
19.8%
73.1%
7.1%


94.0%

5.1%

0.9%



44.7%
34.4%
21.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1979
21.1%
69.7%
8.8%

0.5%
93.2%

4.7%

2.1%



43.7%
34.2%
22.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1980
30.9%
51.6%
16.8%

0.6%
88.7%

6.2%
0.7%
4.4%



54.4%
34.4%
11.3%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-188	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
25.1
19.6
24.2
21.4
437
355
418
3076

106.5
182
99
15.6
0.594
0.0320
38.9
2744
4161
37.0%
0.7%
62.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
424
336
402
3054

106.1
175
99
16.6
0.609
0.0320
40.1
2836
4273
45.6%
0.8%
53.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
25.9
19.9
25.5
22.1
422
335
403
3112

108.7
182
104
14.8
0.615
0.0330
40.7
2904
4426
47.3%
3.1%
49.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
26.3
20.2
26.0
22.4
419
330
397
3099

107.5
179
106
14.5
0.637
0.0339
41.1
2910
4425
53.7%
1.0%
45.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
27.0
20.7
26.8
23.0
411
322
387
3093

108.2
177
111
13.9
0.671
0.0355
42.0
2992
4551
61.6%
2.1%
36.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
27.9
21.2
27.6
23.7
402
314
375
3041

107.3
167
111
13.2
0.701
0.0360
42.6
3057
4585
71.1%
1.1%
27.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
28.1
21.2
27.7
23.8
403
313
373
3031

106.6
162
112
13.3
0.732
0.0365
42.8
3051
4569
77.0%
1.1%
21.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
28.6
21.4
28.2
24.1
399
309
368
3047

107.0
160
116
13.3
0.759
0.0375
43.7
3119
4693
81.7%
0.8%
17.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
28.1
20.9
27.9
23.7
411
313
375
3099

107.7
163
121
12.5
0.783
0.0387
43.8
3080
4723
82.5%
1.0%
16.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
27.8
20.5
27.5
23.3
421
318
381
3176

107.1
163
129
11.4
0.829
0.0401
44.2
3014
4746
84.6%
1.0%
14.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
419
316
379
3154

106.8
163
132
11.3
0.851
0.0413
44.3
3040
4746
83.2%
1.4%
15.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
27.6
20.0
27.5
23.1
430
318
385
3240

108.4
170
141
10.7
0.868
0.0428
44.9
3040
4877
80.8%
1.1%
18.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
28.2
20.3
27.9
23.5
424
313
379
3207

108.4
166
138
10.1
0.865
0.0425
45.4
3107
4929
85.1%
1.2%
13.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
28.0
20.0
27.7
23.3
430
315
382
3250

108.2
168
143
9.9
0.884
0.0432
45.7
3086
4955
84.4%
0.4%
15.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
28.3
20.0
28.1
23.4
432
311
379
3263

108.7
167
152
9.8
0.945
0.0460
46.4
3130
5045
82.0%
1.2%
16.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
28.3
19.8
28.0
23.3
436
313
381
3282

109.0
165
154
10.1
0.958
0.0464
46.5
3125
5080
86.5%
1.5%
11.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
28.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
437
313
380
3274

108.7
164
156
10.0
0.974
0.0469
46.7
3127
5076
86.5%
1.7%
11.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
28.5
19.7
28.0
23.4
440
314
380
3306

108.6
164
159
10.2
0.993
0.0475
47.3
3138
5145
87.0%
2.3%
10.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
28.2
19.4
27.5
23.0
450
320
386
3365

109.1
166
164
10.1
1.009
0.0481
47.5
3106
5191
87.2%
2.2%
10.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
28.2
19.3
27.3
22.9
452
322
388
3369

109.6
165
168
9.5
1.032
0.0492
47.6
3121
5224
84.9%
2.1%
13.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
28.4
19.4
27.3
23.0
447
320
386
3380

109.3
165
168
9.3
1.042
0.0492
48.4
3159
5292
84.1%
3.2%
12.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
28.6
19.4
27.2
23.1
448
322
385
3391

110.0
166
173
9.3
1.066
0.0504
48.9
3200
5382
84.9%
3.8%
11.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
29.0
19.5
27.5
23.3
445
319
382
3417

109.6
165
176
9.1
1.087
0.0510
49.9
3237
5481
82.0%
3.5%
14.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
28.9
19.3
27.4
23.1
448
319
384
3462

110.4
168
183
9.0
1.106
0.0521
50.5
3261
5587
80.8%
5.4%
13.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
29.5
19.6
27.6
23.5
437
315
379
3463

111.4
166
182
8.9
1.115
0.0518
51.8
3384
5790
79.8%
5.8%
14.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
29.2
19.4
27.5
23.3
442
317
382
3534

111.5
172
194
8.7
1.146
0.0540
52.4
3351
5855
75.8%
5.8%
18.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
30.3
20.1
28.3
24.1
422
307
369
3507

110.2
165
189
CO
CO
1.157
0.0531
54.2
3468
5994
80.5%
5.7%
13.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
30.5
20.2
28.5
24.3
418
304
366
3527
45.2
109.9
165
193
CO
CO
1.178
0.0536
54.9
3490
6056
77.7%
7.3%
15.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
32.1
21.3
29.6
25.3
402
294
351
3464
44.9
110.0
155
184
8.9
1.190
0.0520
56.5
3645
6228
82.6%
6.7%
10.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
33.2
22.0
30.5
26.2
0
0
340
3474
45.2
110.5
156
187
CO
CO
1.197
0.0527
59.8
3864
6632
81.6%
5.9%
12.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
32.9
21.6
30.3
25.8
0
0
344
3559
45.8
111.1
159
199
8.5
1.252
0.0547
60.3
3824
6717
78.3%
CO
13.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
35.4
23.3
32.1
27.6
0
0
322
3452
45.4
110.6
148
189
8.6
1.279
0.0536
63.3
4111
7018
84.1%
6.2%
9.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
36.4
24.0
32.9
28.4
0
0
313
3465
45.7
110.3
145
194
8.4
1.343
0.0548
66.4
4273
7351
81.6%
7.7%
10.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
36.6
24.0
32.9
28.4
0
0
313
3497
46.0
110.9
146
197
8.4
1.353
0.0551
67.0
4307
7452
79.3%
8.2%
12.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
37.5
24.5
33.7
29.0
0
0
306
3489
46.0
111.5
145
196
8.3
1.360
0.0550
69.1
4471
7732
78.3%
10.3%
11.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
37.8
24.6
34.0
29.2
0
0
303
3468
46.2
111.7
142
197
8.3
1.402
0.0556
69.2
4510
7761
78.4%
10.4%
11.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
39.0
25.6
35.0
30.2
0
0
293
3470
46.1
112.0
138
193
8.3
1.411
0.0544
74.2
4812
8340
77.6%
12.4%
10.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
40.2
26.3
35.2
30.8
0
0
284
3532
46.6
112.6
136
202
8.0
1.482
0.0560
83.6
5311
9454
72.9%
14.0%
13.1%
All
Car
Car SUV
1975
13.1
10.1
12.6
11.1
851
699
799
4000


262
113

0.430
0.0282
26.5




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1976
12.4
9.4
12.5
10.6
886
691
840
3986


263
123

0.467
0.0309
25.9




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1977
14.3
11.2
13.6
12.2
768
633
731
4000


261
124

0.477
0.0311
29.5




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1978
13.6
10.4
13.5
11.6
829
648
768
4000


262
126
14.2
0.481
0.0315
27.9




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1979
16.8
13.9
14.8
14.3
604
577
623
3271


185
99
16.4
0.576
0.0300
27.8




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1980
17.2
13.9
15.5
14.6
631
572
610
4000


280
122
16.1
0.436
0.0305
34.6




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1981
17.3
13.7
16.1
14.7
648
553
605
4000


318
140
14.3
0.440
0.0350
34.5




100.0%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-189	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1981
29.9%
36.2%
33.3%

0.6%
85.3%

6.1%
2.6%
5.9%



51.5%
36.4%
12.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1982
29.2%
18.9%
51.4%

0.5%
78.4%

7.2%
9.8%
4.7%



56.5%
31.0%
12.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1983
26.1%
16.8%
56.7%

0.5%
69.6%

9.5%
18.9%
2.1%



53.1%
31.8%
15.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1984
24.1%
17.5%
58.3%

0.0%
58.9%

15.0%
24.4%
1.7%



57.4%
29.4%
13.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1985
22.8%
18.5%
58.7%


45.6%

21.4%
32.0%
0.9%



55.7%
28.9%
15.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1986
24.8%
17.2%
58.0%


34.5%

36.7%
28.4%
0.3%
4.8%


59.5%
27.9%
12.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1987
24.9%
15.6%
59.5%


26.8%

42.5%
30.5%
0.3%
14.7%


63.5%
24.3%
12.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1988
24.3%
9.6%
66.1%


16.3%

53.7%
30.0%
0.0%
19.9%


64.8%
22.3%
12.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1989
21.0%
9.6%
69.3%
0.1%

9.7%

62.4%
27.8%
0.0%
24.4%


58.3%
28.2%
13.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1990
19.6%
7.4%
72.9%
0.0%

1.4%

77.5%
21.1%
0.0%
33.0%
0.6%

58.6%
28.7%
12.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1991
20.5%
5.9%
73.6%
0.0%

0.0%

78.0%
21.9%
0.1%
34.1%
2.4%

61.5%
26.2%
12.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1992
17.4%
6.2%
76.4%
0.0%

0.0%

89.5%
10.4%
0.1%
35.0%
4.6%

56.5%
27.8%
15.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1993
17.8%
5.2%
77.0%
0.0%



91.6%
CO

36.7%
4.8%

57.2%
29.5%
13.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1994
16.7%
4.0%
79.3%




94.9%
5.1%
0.0%
41.0%
8.0%

58.5%
26.1%
15.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1995
16.3%
1.8%
81.9%




98.8%
1.2%
0.1%
52.2%
9.8%

57.3%
28.6%
14.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1996
14.9%
1.6%
83.6%
0.0%



98.8%
1.1%
0.1%
57.3%
11.7%

54.3%
32.0%
13.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1997
13.5%
0.6%
85.8%
0.1%



99.1%
0.8%
0.1%
58.6%
11.3%

55.1%
30.6%
14.3%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1998
12.3%
0.4%
87.3%
0.1%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
61.4%
18.4%

49.4%
39.1%
11.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
1999
10.9%
0.6%
88.4%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
64.7%
17.1%

47.7%
39.7%
12.6%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2000
11.2%
1.1%
87.7%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
65.1%
23.4%
0.1%
47.5%
34.3%
18.2%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2001
11.4%
0.9%
87.5%
0.2%



99.7%

0.3%
67.3%
28.3%
0.2%
50.8%
32.3%
16.8%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2002
11.2%
0.2%
88.2%
0.4%



99.6%

0.4%
69.9%
33.9%
0.3%
48.6%
36.3%
15.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2003
11.2%

87.9%
0.9%



99.6%

0.4%
73.8%
41.3%
0.6%
50.6%
33.5%
15.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2004
10.2%
0.3%
88.2%
1.4%



99.7%

0.3%
77.3%
44.2%
0.9%
47.4%
35.6%
17.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2005
9.3%
0.1%
88.0%
2.6%



99.6%

0.4%
78.2%
51.6%
2.1%
44.2%
38.9%
16.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2006
9.4%
0.1%
88.1%
2.4%



99.4%

0.6%
80.8%
60.6%
1.5%
46.2%
32.9%
20.9%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2007
8.5%
0.0%
81.1%
10.4%


0.3%
99.6%

0.0%
84.8%
65.2%
3.4%
44.6%
40.0%
15.4%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2008
8.0%
0.3%
80.2%
11.5%


3.2%
96.8%

0.1%
87.8%
63.5%
3.4%
44.6%
35.8%
19.5%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2009
6.8%
0.4%
82.0%
10.8%


4.5%
94.8%

0.7%
92.0%
79.7%
3.0%
47.6%
35.4%
17.0%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2010
5.7%
1.9%
77.6%
14.8%


6.6%
92.4%

1.0%
92.9%
90.5%
6.2%
48.8%
37.4%
13.7%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2011
5.4%
0.6%
81.2%
12.8%


16.4%
82.3%

1.1%
93.4%
93.7%
4.0%
38.5%
43.4%
18.1%
All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2012
5.6%
2.1%
76.7%
15.7%


25.4%
73.2%

1.2%
98.0%
97.4%
5.8%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2013
5.6%
2.6%
72.2%
19.6%


35.3%
62.8%

1.3%
97.6%
97.2%
6.9%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2014
4.7%
3.2%
63.9%
28.2%


40.8%
57.1%

1.6%
97.2%
96.8%
5.8%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2015
4.6%
2.8%
60.6%
32.0%


42.2%
55.8%

1.0%
97.0%
97.1%
5.3%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2016
4.1%
4.8%
60.7%
30.3%


49.7%
49.3%

0.1%
97.2%
98.9%
4.0%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2017
4.4%
4.9%
54.6%
36.2%


51.1%
47.6%

0.1%
97.1%
98.2%
6.0%



All
Car
Sedan/Wagon
2018
4.8%
7.3%
54.3%
33.6%


50.8%
44.7%

0.3%
94.4%
95.3%
7.6%



All
Car
Car SUV
1975
68.3%
31.7%



100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1976
69.1%
30.9%



100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1977
82.5%
17.5%



100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1978
84.2%
15.8%



100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1979
37.7%
58.3%
3.9%


100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1980
3.9%
9.4%
86.8%


100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1981


100.0%


100.0%










* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-190	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Car
Car SUV
1982
23.4
20.2
19.3
19.8
438
458
450
2630


159
88
17.3
0.557
0.0335
30.7




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1983
24.3
19.5
22.4
20.7
454
388
430
3124


163
101
15.4
0.617
0.0325
38.4




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1984
22.6
17.5
22.1
19.3
505
390
461
3487


179
109
15.2
0.615
0.0313
39.7




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1985
23.5
17.6
24.2
20.1
503
366
443
3469


171
109
15.1
0.637
0.0314
40.8




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1986
22.3
17.1
21.7
18.9
517
409
470
3479


170
121
13.5
0.713
0.0348
38.9




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1987
22.9
17.1
23.1
19.4
518
385
458
3492


179
131
13.0
0.730
0.0374
40.0




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1988
22.7
17.1
22.5
19.2
519
393
462
3495


199
142
12.4
0.719
0.0405
39.9




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1989
22.7
17.1
22.1
19.1
520
402
465
3497


226
148
11.4
0.668
0.0422
39.8




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1990
22.5
16.9
21.5
18.8
522
411
472
3518


209
146
10.9
0.714
0.0415
39.6




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1991
21.8
16.4
20.5
18.2
534
428
488
3733


215
145
11.8
0.680
0.0385
40.7




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1992
21.4
16.1
20.1
17.8
544
435
498
3713


210
153
11.1
0.734
0.0409
39.9




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1993
20.4
15.0
19.6
17.0
582
448
522
3848


238
179
9.5
0.757
0.0462
39.5




100.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
1994
21.8
16.1
20.5
18.0
545
431
493
3735


209
163
9.9
0.791
0.0434
40.6


2.6%

97.4%
All
Car
Car SUV
1995
21.5
15.7
20.5
17.8
556
430
499
3763


214
165
10.2
0.783
0.0436
40.6


0.1%

99.9%
All
Car
Car SUV
1996
22.4
16.2
21.1
18.4
538
416
482
3710


215
167
10.3
0.802
0.0448
41.7


6.3%

93.7%
All
Car
Car SUV
1997
23.5
17.1
21.7
19.2
508
403
462
3549


190
159
10.4
0.875
0.0446
41.9


20.3%

79.7%
All
Car
Car SUV
1998
22.3
16.0
20.8
18.2
547
423
487
3824


218
168
10.6
0.802
0.0439
42.8


10.3%

89.7%
All
Car
Car SUV
1999
22.7
16.3
21.0
18.5
538
420
480
3831


211
170
10.5
0.846
0.0442
43.7


15.4%

84.6%
All
Car
Car SUV
2000
22.0
15.7
20.3
17.9
559
435
497
3870


211
174
10.0
0.857
0.0448
42.8


12.7%

87.3%
All
Car
Car SUV
2001
23.3
16.4
21.4
18.8
532
410
472
3765


194
180
9.6
0.961
0.0477
44.2


37.1%

62.9%
All
Car
Car SUV
2002
24.0
16.7
22.0
19.3
522
397
460
3747


183
179
9.8
1.003
0.0479
45.3


55.5%

44.5%
All
Car
Car SUV
2003
24.8
17.2
22.7
19.9
510
386
446
3716


181
181
9.5
1.014
0.0486
46.4


65.9%

34.1%
All
Car
Car SUV
2004
24.9
17.0
23.1
20.0
517
381
445
3854


191
198
9.2
1.039
0.0511
48.2


72.9%
3.4%
23.7%
All
Car
Car SUV
2005
25.4
17.3
23.2
20.2
508
381
440
3848


186
192
9.3
1.040
0.0498
49.0


74.0%
14.5%
11.5%
All
Car
Car SUV
2006
25.7
17.5
23.5
20.5
502
376
434
3876


184
192
9.4
1.051
0.0493
50.0


77.7%
8.6%
13.7%
All
Car
Car SUV
2007
25.9
17.6
23.8
20.6
499
371
431
3935


185
208
9.1
1.127
0.0524
51.2


85.4%
4.7%
10.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
2008
26.6
18.1
24.4
21.2
483
362
419
3902
46.2

179
204
9.2
1.141
0.0518
52.4


87.0%
5.3%
7.6%
All
Car
Car SUV
2009
27.8
18.8
25.3
22.0
463
349
403
3846
46.1

175
206
8.7
1.174
0.0534
53.9


92.2%
2.8%
5.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
2010
29.1
19.6
26.5
23.0
447
332
386
3949
46.9

172
213
8.7
1.240
0.0538
57.8


88.4%
8.9%
2.8%
All
Car
Car SUV
2011
29.9
20.0
27.1
23.5
439
326
378
3890
46.9

166
207
CO
CO
1.243
0.0530
58.4


88.8%
9.7%
1.5%
All
Car
Car SUV
2012
29.6
19.8
26.8
23.3
0
0
381
3915
46.8

167
211
8.7
1.260
0.0536
58.6


81.6%
14.5%
3.9%
All
Car
Car SUV
2013
31.1
20.7
28.1
24.3
0
0
365
3966
47.1

161
214
8.7
1.351
0.0534
62.1


90.6%
7.8%
1.6%
All
Car
Car SUV
2014
31.4
20.8
28.1
24.4
0
0
364
3865
46.5

154
204
CO
CO
1.347
0.0523
61.0


91.0%
7.7%
1.3%
All
Car
Car SUV
2015
32.3
21.5
28.8
25.1
0
0
353
3868
46.4

153
202
CO
CO
1.339
0.0519
62.9


90.5%
8.1%
1.4%
All
Car
Car SUV
2016
33.8
22.6
29.8
26.2
0
0
338
3782
46.1

142
194
8.9
1.372
0.0508
66.2


85.4%
13.4%
1.2%
All
Car
Car SUV
2017
33.6
22.4
30.0
26.2
0
0
339
3855
46.5

138
198
8.9
1.453
0.0508
67.0


87.8%
10.2%
2.0%
All
Car
Car SUV
2018
34.8
23.3
30.1
26.8
0
0
331
3778
46.0

129
190
9.0
1.499
0.0498
68.1


90.8%
7.7%
1.5%
All
Car
All
1975
15.8
12.3
15.2
13.5
670
542
661
4057


288
136

0.515
0.0331
32.3


6.5%

93.5%
All
Car
All
1976
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
610
502
598
4059


287
134

0.502
0.0324
35.5


5.8%

94.2%
All
Car
All
1977
18.3
14.4
17.4
15.6
577
479
570
3944


279
133

0.516
0.0335
36.4


6.8%

93.2%
All
Car
All
1978
19.9
15.5
19.1
16.9
537
441
525
3588


251
124
13.7
0.538
0.0342
35.9


9.6%

90.4%
All
Car
All
1979
20.2
15.9
19.2
17.2
532
443
517
3485


238
119
14.5
0.545
0.0338
35.4


11.9%
0.3%
87.8%
All
Car
All
1980
23.5
18.3
22.6
20.0
467
380
446
3101


188
100
15.5
0.583
0.0322
36.6


29.7%
0.9%
69.4%
All
Car
All
1981
25.1
19.5
24.2
21.4
437
355
418
3076


182
99
15.6
0.594
0.0320
38.9


37.0%
0.7%
62.2%
All
Car
All
1982
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
424
337
402
3053


175
99
16.6
0.609
0.0320
40.1


45.6%
0.8%
53.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-191	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Car
Car SUV
1982
4.6%
86.5%
8.9%


100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1983
19.3%
37.6%
43.2%


100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1984
19.4%
15.8%
64.8%


100.0%










All
Car
Car SUV
1985
15.9%

84.1%


94.7%


5.3%







All
Car
Car SUV
1986
18.1%

81.9%


13.1%

0.0%
86.8%
0.0%






All
Car
Car SUV
1987
14.3%

85.7%




32.8%
67.2%







All
Car
Car SUV
1988
24.6%

75.4%




48.2%
51.8%







All
Car
Car SUV
1989
27.4%

72.6%


1.4%

44.7%
53.9%







All
Car
Car SUV
1990
35.1%
1.8%
63.0%


5.1%

63.3%
31.6%







All
Car
Car SUV
1991
22.2%
0.1%
77.7%


0.8%

49.3%
49.9%







All
Car
Car SUV
1992
24.6%

75.4%


1.2%

68.4%
30.3%







All
Car
Car SUV
1993
10.9%

89.1%


0.7%

90.6%
8.7%







All
Car
Car SUV
1994
21.5%
7.6%
70.9%




92.1%
7.9%

11.5%





All
Car
Car SUV
1995
17.4%

82.6%




90.8%
9.2%

19.1%





All
Car
Car SUV
1996
15.4%

84.6%




100.0%


32.4%





All
Car
Car SUV
1997
23.2%
6.1%
70.7%




100.0%


54.6%





All
Car
Car SUV
1998
11.1%

88.9%




100.0%


29.2%





All
Car
Car SUV
1999
8.4%

91.6%




100.0%


38.4%
4.6%




All
Car
Car SUV
2000
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


34.0%
5.0%




All
Car
Car SUV
2001
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


43.1%
10.0%




All
Car
Car SUV
2002
7.5%

92.4%
0.1%



100.0%


70.3%
18.3%




All
Car
Car SUV
2003
7.2%

84.4%
8.5%



100.0%


68.1%
19.6%




All
Car
Car SUV
2004
5.8%

87.9%
6.3%



100.0%


75.5%
37.9%




All
Car
Car SUV
2005
3.7%

91.9%
4.5%



100.0%


67.5%
27.3%
0.5%



All
Car
Car SUV
2006
3.1%

91.7%
5.2%



100.0%


86.8%
33.4%
1.1%



All
Car
Car SUV
2007
1.6%

94.5%
3.9%



100.0%


82.7%
46.8%
1.6%



All
Car
Car SUV
2008
0.7%

93.6%
5.7%


2.2%
97.8%


89.6%
56.4%
2.3%



All
Car
Car SUV
2009
0.6%

85.9%
13.5%


1.3%
98.7%


94.1%
73.7%
2.7%



All
Car
Car SUV
2010
0.2%

91.5%
8.3%


26.2%
73.8%


100.0%
99.9%
1.4%



All
Car
Car SUV
2011
0.5%

91.5%
8.0%


27.6%
72.4%


100.0%
99.8%
0.6%



All
Car
Car SUV
2012
0.4%

88.4%
11.2%


39.5%
60.4%


98.0%
98.0%
0.4%



All
Car
Car SUV
2013
0.3%

89.8%
9.8%


47.8%
52.2%


99.9%
99.9%
0.3%



All
Car
Car SUV
2014
0.7%

90.0%
9.4%


51.8%
48.1%


99.9%
99.9%
0.1%



All
Car
Car SUV
2015
0.6%
0.0%
79.4%
20.1%


52.8%
47.2%


100.0%
100.0%
0.3%



All
Car
Car SUV
2016
0.7%
3.9%
68.6%
26.8%


49.0%
50.0%


99.1%
99.1%
0.0%



All
Car
Car SUV
2017
0.2%
4.0%
79.4%
16.4%


57.2%
41.9%


99.1%
99.1%
0.1%



All
Car
Car SUV
2018
0.4%
2.7%
79.1%
17.8%


55.3%
42.5%

1.2%
99.1%
97.8%
0.4%



All
Car
All
1975
19.7%
80.0%
0.3%


94.6%

5.1%

0.2%






All
Car
All
1976
17.2%
82.8%



96.6%

3.2%

0.3%






All
Car
All
1977
16.9%
83.1%



95.3%

4.2%

0.5%






All
Car
All
1978
19.9%
73.0%
7.1%


94.0%

5.1%

0.9%






All
Car
All
1979
21.1%
69.6%
8.8%

0.5%
93.2%

4.7%

2.1%






All
Car
All
1980
30.9%
51.6%
16.8%

0.6%
88.7%

6.2%
0.7%
4.4%






All
Car
All
1981
29.9%
36.2%
33.3%

0.6%
85.3%

6.1%
2.6%
5.9%






All
Car
All
1982
29.2%
19.1%
51.3%

0.5%
78.4%

7.2%
9.8%
4.7%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-192	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Car
All
1983
25.9
19.9
25.5
22.1
422
335
403
3112


182
104
14.8
0.615
0.0330
40.7


47.1%
3.1%
49.9%
All
Car
All
1984
26.3
20.2
25.9
22.4
419
331
397
3101


179
106
14.5
0.637
0.0338
41.1


53.5%
1.0%
45.5%
All
Car
All
1985
26.9
20.6
26.7
23.0
412
322
387
3096


177
111
13.9
0.671
0.0354
41.9


61.1%
2.1%
36.8%
All
Car
All
1986
27.9
21.2
27.6
23.7
403
314
375
3043


167
111
13.2
0.701
0.0360
42.6


70.7%
1.0%
28.2%
All
Car
All
1987
28.0
21.2
27.7
23.8
404
314
374
3035


162
113
13.3
0.732
0.0365
42.7


76.4%
1.1%
22.6%
All
Car
All
1988
28.5
21.4
28.1
24.1
400
309
369
3051


161
116
13.3
0.758
0.0375
43.7


80.9%
0.8%
18.3%
All
Car
All
1989
28.1
20.8
27.8
23.6
412
314
376
3104


163
121
12.5
0.782
0.0387
43.7


81.6%
1.0%
17.4%
All
Car
All
1990
27.7
20.4
27.4
23.3
422
319
382
3178


163
129
11.4
0.829
0.0401
44.2


84.0%
1.0%
15.0%
All
Car
All
1991
27.8
20.4
27.4
23.3
422
318
382
3168


164
133
11.3
0.847
0.0413
44.2


81.1%
1.3%
17.5%
All
Car
All
1992
27.4
19.8
27.2
22.9
433
320
389
3254


171
141
10.8
0.864
0.0427
44.7


78.4%
1.1%
20.5%
All
Car
All
1993
27.6
19.9
27.3
23.0
431
318
386
3241


170
140
10.1
0.859
0.0427
45.1


80.6%
1.1%
18.3%
All
Car
All
1994
27.7
19.8
27.4
23.0
434
318
386
3268


169
144
9.9
0.880
0.0432
45.5


81.3%
0.4%
18.3%
All
Car
All
1995
28.1
19.8
27.9
23.3
434
313
382
3274


168
153
9.8
0.941
0.0460
46.2


80.1%
1.1%
18.8%
All
Car
All
1996
28.0
19.7
27.6
23.1
439
316
384
3297


167
155
10.1
0.952
0.0463
46.4


83.7%
1.4%
14.8%
All
Car
All
1997
28.2
19.7
27.6
23.2
440
316
384
3285


165
156
10.0
0.970
0.0468
46.5


83.8%
1.7%
14.5%
All
Car
All
1998
28.1
19.5
27.5
23.0
445
318
386
3334


167
160
10.2
0.983
0.0473
47.1


82.9%
2.1%
15.0%
All
Car
All
1999
27.8
19.2
27.0
22.7
454
324
392
3390


168
164
10.1
1.000
0.0479
47.3


83.2%
2.1%
14.7%
All
Car
All
2000
27.7
19.0
26.7
22.5
457
328
395
3401


168
168
9.5
1.021
0.0489
47.3


80.4%
2.0%
17.7%
All
Car
All
2001
27.9
19.1
26.7
22.6
453
326
393
3411


167
169
9.4
1.035
0.0491
48.0


80.3%
3.0%
16.7%
All
Car
All
2002
28.3
19.2
26.8
22.8
452
326
390
3415


167
173
9.4
1.061
0.0502
48.6


82.9%
3.6%
13.5%
All
Car
All
2003
28.7
19.3
27.1
23.0
449
322
386
3437


166
176
9.1
1.082
0.0508
49.7


80.9%
3.2%
15.9%
All
Car
All
2004
28.5
19.1
27.0
22.9
453
323
389
3492


170
184
9.0
1.101
0.0520
50.3


80.2%
5.3%
14.5%
All
Car
All
2005
29.1
19.4
27.2
23.1
443
320
384
3498


168
183
9.0
1.108
0.0516
51.5


79.2%
6.6%
14.2%
All
Car
All
2006
28.9
19.2
27.1
23.0
447
321
386
3563


173
194
CO
CO
1.138
0.0536
52.2


75.9%
6.0%
18.0%
All
Car
All
2007
29.8
19.8
27.8
23.7
428
312
375
3551


167
191
8.9
1.154
0.0530
53.9


81.0%
5.6%
13.4%
All
Car
All
2008
30.1
20.0
28.0
23.9
424
310
372
3569
45.3

166
194
8.9
1.174
0.0534
54.6


78.8%
7.1%
14.1%
All
Car
All
2009
31.6
21.0
29.2
25.0
407
299
356
3502
45.0

157
186
8.9
1.189
0.0522
56.3


83.5%
6.3%
10.2%
All
Car
All
2010
32.6
21.7
29.9
25.7
0
0
346
3536
45.4

158
190
CO
CO
1.203
0.0528
59.6


82.5%
6.3%
11.2%
All
Car
All
2011
32.3
21.3
29.6
25.4
0
0
350
3617
46.0

160
200
8.6
1.250
0.0544
60.0


80.1%
8.6%
11.3%
All
Car
All
2012
34.4
22.7
31.2
26.9
0
0
331
3519
45.7

150
192
8.6
1.276
0.0536
62.6


83.8%
7.5%
8.8%
All
Car
All
2013
35.5
23.4
32.1
27.7
0
0
321
3543
45.9

147
197
8.5
1.345
0.0546
65.7


83.0%
7.7%
9.3%
All
Car
All
2014
35.6
23.4
32.0
27.6
0
0
322
3559
46.1

148
198
8.4
1.352
0.0546
66.0


81.3%
8.2%
10.6%
All
Car
All
2015
36.5
23.9
32.7
28.2
0
0
314
3556
46.1

146
197
8.4
1.356
0.0544
68.0


80.4%
9.9%
9.7%
All
Car
All
2016
36.9
24.2
33.0
28.5
0
0
311
3533
46.1

142
196
8.4
1.396
0.0546
68.6


79.8%
11.0%
9.1%
All
Car
All
2017
37.6
24.8
33.8
29.2
0
0
303
3555
46.2

138
194
8.4
1.420
0.0536
72.6


79.8%
11.9%
8.3%
All
Car
All
2018
39.1
25.7
34.1
29.9
0
0
293
3578
46.5

135
200
8.2
1.485
0.0549
80.7


76.3%
12.8%
10.9%
All
Truck
Van
1975
13.1
10.6
11.9
11.1
819
718
800
4196


318
143

0.448
0.0341
28.1




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1976
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
783
675
754
4200


324
146

0.447
0.0347
29.7




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1977
14.7
11.9
13.3
12.5
730
654
710
4252


332
152

0.458
0.0359
31.7




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1978
14.2
11.6
12.7
12.1
747
681
736
4250


329
149
13.4
0.453
0.0351
30.8




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1979
13.5
11.1
12.1
11.5
780
717
774
4541


322
144
15.5
0.451
0.0317
31.3




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1980
16.6
13.3
15.4
14.1
658
566
629
4353


288
131
16.5
0.459
0.0299
36.4




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1981
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
628
546
599
4324


284
129
16.5
0.458
0.0298
38.0


0.3%

99.7%
All
Truck
Van
1982
17.3
13.9
15.9
14.7
629
552
605
4342


287
132
17.6
0.463
0.0303
38.0




100.0%
All
Truck
Van
1983
17.7
14.1
16.5
15.1
626
532
593
4414


294
136
15.7
0.466
0.0307
39.7


0.2%

99.8%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-193	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Car
All
1983
26.0%
16.8%
56.7%

0.5%
69.7%

9.4%
18.8%
2.1%






All
Car
All
1984
24.1%
17.5%
58.3%

0.0%
59.1%

14.9%
24.3%
1.7%






All
Car
All
1985
22.8%
18.4%
58.9%


46.0%

21.3%
31.8%
0.9%






All
Car
All
1986
24.7%
17.1%
58.1%


34.4%

36.5%
28.7%
0.3%
4.7%





All
Car
All
1987
24.8%
15.5%
59.7%


26.5%

42.4%
30.8%
0.2%
14.6%





All
Car
All
1988
24.3%
9.5%
66.2%


16.1%

53.7%
30.2%
0.0%
19.7%





All
Car
All
1989
21.1%
9.5%
69.3%
0.1%

9.6%

62.2%
28.1%
0.0%
24.1%





All
Car
All
1990
19.8%
7.4%
72.8%
0.0%

1.4%

77.4%
21.2%
0.0%
32.8%
0.6%




All
Car
All
1991
20.6%
5.7%
73.7%
0.0%

0.1%

77.2%
22.6%
0.1%
33.2%
2.4%




All
Car
All
1992
17.6%
6.0%
76.4%
0.0%

0.0%

88.9%
11.0%
0.1%
34.0%
4.4%




All
Car
All
1993
17.5%
4.9%
77.6%
0.0%

0.0%

91.5%
8.5%

34.8%
4.5%




All
Car
All
1994
16.9%
4.1%
78.9%




94.8%
5.2%
0.0%
39.9%
7.7%




All
Car
All
1995
16.3%
1.8%
81.9%




98.6%
1.3%
0.1%
51.4%
9.6%




All
Car
All
1996
14.9%
1.5%
83.6%
0.0%



98.8%
1.1%
0.1%
56.4%
11.3%




All
Car
All
1997
13.9%
0.8%
85.2%
0.1%



99.2%
0.8%
0.1%
58.4%
10.8%




All
Car
All
1998
12.2%
0.3%
87.4%
0.1%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
59.6%
17.4%




All
Car
All
1999
10.8%
0.6%
88.6%
0.0%



99.8%
0.1%
0.2%
63.2%
16.4%




All
Car
All
2000
10.8%
1.0%
88.1%
0.0%



99.7%
0.1%
0.2%
63.2%
22.2%
0.1%



All
Car
All
2001
11.0%
0.8%
88.0%
0.2%



99.8%

0.2%
65.3%
26.9%
0.2%



All
Car
All
2002
10.9%
0.2%
88.4%
0.4%



99.6%

0.4%
69.9%
32.8%
0.3%



All
Car
All
2003
10.9%

87.7%
1.4%



99.7%

0.3%
73.4%
39.8%
0.6%



All
Car
All
2004
9.8%
0.2%
88.2%
1.7%



99.7%

0.3%
77.1%
43.7%
0.9%



All
Car
All
2005
8.8%
0.1%
88.4%
2.8%



99.6%

0.4%
77.2%
49.4%
1.9%



All
Car
All
2006
8.8%
0.1%
88.4%
2.7%



99.4%

0.6%
81.3%
58.2%
1.5%



All
Car
All
2007
7.8%
0.0%
82.5%
9.7%


0.3%
99.7%

0.0%
84.6%
63.3%
3.2%



All
Car
All
2008
7.2%
0.3%
81.7%
10.8%


3.1%
96.9%

0.1%
88.0%
62.7%
3.3%



All
Car
All
2009
6.2%
0.3%
82.4%
11.1%


4.2%
95.2%

0.6%
92.2%
79.1%
2.9%



All
Car
All
2010
5.0%
1.6%
79.4%
14.0%


9.2%
89.9%

0.9%
93.8%
91.8%
5.6%



All
Car
All
2011
4.6%
0.5%
83.0%
12.0%


18.4%
80.6%

0.9%
94.5%
94.8%
3.4%



All
Car
All
2012
4.9%
1.8%
78.4%
15.0%


27.4%
71.3%

1.0%
98.0%
97.5%
5.1%



All
Car
All
2013
4.8%
2.2%
75.0%
18.1%


37.3%
61.1%

1.1%
98.0%
97.6%
5.9%



All
Car
All
2014
4.0%
2.7%
68.4%
25.0%


42.7%
55.5%

1.3%
97.6%
97.3%
4.8%



All
Car
All
2015
3.9%
2.3%
63.9%
29.9%


44.0%
54.3%

0.8%
97.6%
97.6%
4.4%



All
Car
All
2016
3.4%
4.7%
62.4%
29.6%


49.6%
49.5%

0.1%
97.6%
99.0%
3.2%



All
Car
All
2017
3.5%
4.7%
60.1%
31.8%


52.4%
46.3%

0.1%
97.5%
98.4%
4.7%



All
Car
All
2018
4.0%
6.4%
59.0%
30.6%


51.7%
44.3%

0.5%
95.3%
95.7%
6.2%



All
Truck
Van
1975
23.3%
76.7%



99.8%


0.2%







All
Truck
Van
1976
20.5%
79.5%



99.7%


0.3%







All
Truck
Van
1977
14.3%
85.7%



99.6%


0.4%







All
Truck
Van
1978
13.0%
87.0%



99.6%


0.4%







All
Truck
Van
1979
14.8%
78.4%
6.8%


98.2%


1.8%







All
Truck
Van
1980
26.0%
35.0%
39.0%


93.5%


6.5%







All
Truck
Van
1981
21.9%
31.4%
46.6%


95.4%


4.6%







All
Truck
Van
1982
15.7%
38.5%
45.8%


95.2%


3.0%
1.8%






All
Truck
Van
1983
12.0%
28.6%
59.3%


92.0%


3.5%
4.5%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-194	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Truck
Van
1984
18.9
15.0
17.7
16.1
568
480
552
4075


249
126
15.9
0.538
0.0307
39.3


22.3%

77.7%
All
Truck
Van
1985
19.5
15.5
18.1
16.5
552
470
537
3975


236
129
15.3
0.578
0.0322
39.3


30.4%
0.3%
69.3%
All
Truck
Van
1986
20.6
16.1
19.4
17.5
536
445
509
3998


228
127
14.7
0.588
0.0317
41.5


24.4%
1.3%
74.3%
All
Truck
Van
1987
20.9
16.2
19.8
17.7
536
437
503
3972


226
142
13.9
0.657
0.0356
41.7


27.5%
1.9%
70.5%
All
Truck
Van
1988
21.2
16.2
20.3
17.9
540
427
497
4053


229
147
13.9
0.671
0.0363
43.2


36.3%
0.8%
63.0%
All
Truck
Van
1989
21.1
16.1
20.2
17.8
542
430
499
4057


225
146
13.4
0.680
0.0360
43.2


34.4%
0.7%
64.9%
All
Truck
Van
1990
21.2
16.0
20.4
17.8
546
426
498
4095


225
149
12.5
0.682
0.0363
43.8


46.8%
6.6%
46.7%
All
Truck
Van
1991
21.4
16.0
20.5
17.9
546
428
496
4133


220
149
12.7
0.701
0.0359
44.5


38.2%
10.9%
50.9%
All
Truck
Van
1992
21.5
15.9
20.5
17.9
548
426
496
4151


222
152
12.2
0.705
0.0366
44.8


45.4%
5.5%
49.1%
All
Truck
Van
1993
21.9
16.0
21.0
18.2
547
416
488
4105


218
155
11.2
0.730
0.0378
45.0


49.8%
4.5%
45.6%
All
Truck
Van
1994
21.5
15.7
20.5
17.8
557
426
498
4156


226
159
11.0
0.721
0.0383
44.9


52.3%
6.4%
41.3%
All
Truck
Van
1995
21.8
15.8
21.0
18.1
556
416
492
4110


231
159
11.2
0.708
0.0387
45.0


61.3%
9.1%
29.6%
All
Truck
Van
1996
22.2
15.9
21.4
18.3
552
410
485
4195


220
171
11.3
0.790
0.0408
46.8


73.8%
2.3%
23.9%
All
Truck
Van
1997
22.1
15.7
21.2
18.2
559
415
489
4240


220
174
11.2
0.802
0.0410
46.9


64.8%
4.7%
30.6%
All
Truck
Van
1998
22.7
16.0
22.0
18.7
550
401
475
4183


217
180
11.1
0.840
0.0431
47.7


78.3%
3.2%
18.4%
All
Truck
Van
1999
22.3
15.6
21.5
18.3
564
408
486
4306


223
183
11.1
0.832
0.0424
48.1


76.0%
2.7%
21.3%
All
Truck
Van
2000
22.8
15.9
21.8
18.6
556
402
478
4276


217
183
10.6
0.858
0.0428
48.9


80.6%
2.7%
16.7%
All
Truck
Van
2001
22.1
15.3
21.1
18.0
569
412
493
4518


229
202
10.1
0.897
0.0447
50.3


69.3%
8.7%
22.1%
All
Truck
Van
2002
23.1
15.9
21.9
18.7
554
400
475
4394


218
199
10.1
0.929
0.0455
50.9


84.3%
3.0%
12.6%
All
Truck
Van
2003
23.5
16.0
22.2
19.0
550
394
468
4393


219
202
10.0
0.929
0.0459
51.7


83.5%
5.0%
11.4%
All
Truck
Van
2004
23.7
16.0
22.7
19.2
553
388
464
4487


219
214
9.7
0.988
0.0477
53.4


86.6%
4.9%
8.5%
All
Truck
Van
2005
24.0
16.1
22.8
19.3
550
388
460
4430


216
209
9.7
0.976
0.0472
53.2


89.2%
5.5%
5.4%
All
Truck
Van
2006
24.3
16.2
23.1
19.5
546
382
455
4475


216
211
9.7
0.984
0.0472
54.4


89.8%
4.5%
5.7%
All
Truck
Van
2007
24.2
16.1
23.1
19.5
549
383
456
4479


219
225
9.4
1.034
0.0503
54.3


93.8%
2.9%
3.3%
All
Truck
Van
2008
24.6
16.4
23.5
19.8
539
377
448
4527
54.1

220
221
9.6
1.010
0.0488
55.9


92.9%
4.0%
3.1%
All
Truck
Van
2009
25.0
16.7
23.7
20.1
530
373
443
4572
54.5

215
220
9.4
1.033
0.0482
57.2


94.1%
2.5%
3.4%
All
Truck
Van
2010
25.0
16.7
23.7
20.1
526
373
442
4533
54.2

214
212
9.7
1.001
0.0467
56.8


96.3%
1.6%
2.1%
All
Truck
Van
2011
26.3
17.6
24.5
20.9
503
360
424
4502
55.4

212
259
8.4
1.224
0.0574
59.2


91.4%
5.6%
2.9%
All
Truck
Van
2012
26.6
17.7
25.1
21.3
498
352
418
4442
54.8

210
254
8.5
1.211
0.0570
59.3


93.4%
3.1%
3.5%
All
Truck
Van
2013
26.3
17.5
24.8
21.1
503
356
422
4543
54.8

209
257
8.5
1.228
0.0563
59.8


93.1%
4.1%
2.8%
All
Truck
Van
2014
26.6
17.7
25.0
21.3
497
352
418
4489
55.1

213
260
8.3
1.224
0.0579
60.0


93.3%
3.8%
2.9%
All
Truck
Van
2015
27.4
18.3
25.4
21.8
481
348
408
4416
54.6

203
250
8.5
1.229
0.0563
60.7


94.1%
4.6%
1.3%
All
Truck
Van
2016
27.2
18.1
25.5
21.7
489
347
410
4459
55.2

206
256
8.3
1.246
0.0573
60.7


94.8%
2.4%
2.8%
All
Truck
Van
2017
28.0
18.4
26.4
22.2
468
334
399
4503
55.7

206
268
7.9
1.296
0.0591
64.0


92.5%
5.4%
2.1%
All
Truck
Van
2018
29.0
19.2
26.8
22.9
392
324
386
4485
55.1

201
262
7.8
1.295
0.0581
67.8


93.9%
3.6%
2.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
13.0
10.6
11.5
11.0
814
736
806
4214


332
148

0.443
0.0361
27.2



88.9%
11.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
13.9
11.2
12.5
11.8
776
695
755
4328


339
142

0.415
0.0333
29.8



89.5%
10.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
713
638
692
4248


337
145

0.428
0.0345
32.0



88.4%
11.6%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
14.5
11.6
13.2
12.3
749
662
723
4282


342
150
13.2
0.435
0.0353
30.8



92.4%
7.6%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
12.4
10.3
10.8
10.5
835
794
844
4561


337
145
14.8
0.433
0.0323
28.3



72.2%
27.8%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
15.5
12.5
14.1
13.2
688
613
676
4237


295
131
15.7
0.453
0.0307
32.9



88.9%
11.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
16.8
13.4
15.5
14.3
641
556
621
4208


290
132
15.4
0.460
0.0315
35.4



90.5%
9.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
17.3
13.7
16.2
14.7
645
542
616
4494


305
133
16.8
0.444
0.0300
39.9



86.2%
13.8%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
18.5
14.5
17.7
15.8
600
487
568
4270


265
127
15.5
0.507
0.0300
40.3



91.3%
8.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
19.0
14.9
18.0
16.2
575
474
551
4049


231
122
15.6
0.554
0.0300
39.0



93.3%
6.7%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-195	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Truck
Van
1984
15.5%
39.0%
45.6%

0.0%
89.0%

6.6%
3.1%
1.2%






All
Truck
Van
1985
10.0%
42.7%
47.4%


90.4%

6.3%
2.9%
0.3%






All
Truck
Van
1986
8.5%
31.4%
60.1%


61.5%

21.8%
16.3%
0.4%






All
Truck
Van
1987
6.4%
25.7%
67.6%

0.2%
23.9%

45.8%
30.2%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1988
3.7%
17.6%
78.7%


0.2%

56.9%
42.8%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1989
2.9%
20.5%
76.5%

0.0%


58.1%
41.8%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1990
1.8%
4.7%
93.5%

0.0%


58.1%
41.9%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1991
1.4%
2.1%
96.5%




63.3%
36.6%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1992
1.6%
2.0%
96.4%




71.9%
28.1%
0.1%






All
Truck
Van
1993
1.2%
1.7%
97.2%




79.0%
21.0%







All
Truck
Van
1994
0.5%
2.1%
97.4%




81.2%
18.8%

3.5%





All
Truck
Van
1995
0.1%
1.6%
98.2%




87.4%
12.6%

4.5%





All
Truck
Van
1996
0.0%
1.6%
98.4%




100.0%


5.7%





All
Truck
Van
1997

0.4%
99.6%




100.0%


6.3%





All
Truck
Van
1998


100.0%




100.0%


10.4%





All
Truck
Van
1999


100.0%




100.0%


12.5%
8.2%




All
Truck
Van
2000


100.0%




100.0%


21.6%
15.0%




All
Truck
Van
2001


100.0%




100.0%


22.6%
17.0%




All
Truck
Van
2002


100.0%




100.0%


28.4%
20.9%




All
Truck
Van
2003


100.0%




100.0%


25.8%
19.6%




All
Truck
Van
2004


100.0%




100.0%


52.3%
46.1%




All
Truck
Van
2005


94.9%
5.1%



100.0%


38.0%
25.0%




All
Truck
Van
2006


95.3%
4.7%



100.0%


46.8%
36.4%




All
Truck
Van
2007


95.5%
4.5%



100.0%


53.1%
48.7%




All
Truck
Van
2008
0.1%

99.9%




100.0%


52.8%
48.1%




All
Truck
Van
2009
0.3%

99.7%




100.0%


58.9%
47.1%




All
Truck
Van
2010
0.2%

99.8%




100.0%


51.8%
37.7%




All
Truck
Van
2011


96.9%
3.1%



100.0%


96.6%
92.5%




All
Truck
Van
2012
0.2%

96.6%
3.2%



100.0%


96.0%
91.7%




All
Truck
Van
2013
0.1%

96.9%
3.0%



100.0%


96.6%
90.3%




All
Truck
Van
2014
0.1%

97.1%
2.8%


0.3%
99.7%


96.5%
97.8%




All
Truck
Van
2015


91.9%
8.1%


4.9%
95.1%


99.6%
100.0%




All
Truck
Van
2016


97.1%
2.9%


9.9%
90.1%


99.9%
100.0%




All
Truck
Van
2017


93.7%
6.3%


6.9%
93.1%


99.8%
100.0%
0.5%



All
Truck
Van
2018


91.0%
9.0%


38.2%
61.8%


100.0%
100.0%
3.2%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
1975
39.8%
60.2%



100.0%










All
Truck
Truck SUV
1976
32.2%
67.8%



100.0%










All
Truck
Truck SUV
1977
32.6%
67.4%



100.0%










All
Truck
Truck SUV
1978
32.1%
67.9%



100.0%










All
Truck
Truck SUV
1979
33.1%
66.5%
0.4%


99.8%



0.2%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1980
43.6%
30.3%
26.1%


97.7%



2.3%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1981
41.0%
17.9%
41.1%


100.0%










All
Truck
Truck SUV
1982
31.9%
23.1%
45.0%


83.4%



16.6%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1983
33.7%
13.6%
52.3%

0.4%
92.4%



7.6%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1984
30.3%
28.9%
40.8%


97.5%



2.5%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-196	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
19.4
15.1
18.7
16.5
571
456
538
4092


222
123
15.4
0.583
0.0299
40.2



91.3%
8.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
20.1
15.6
19.1
17.0
547
452
523
3958


210
128
14.0
0.653
0.0323
40.0



93.3%
6.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
20.4
15.8
19.5
17.3
539
440
515
3882


212
137
13.5
0.680
0.0353
39.7



94.1%
5.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
20.2
15.5
19.2
17.0
548
448
522
3906


222
144
13.3
0.682
0.0369
39.4



94.3%
5.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
19.7
15.0
18.6
16.6
572
465
537
4086


244
156
12.4
0.665
0.0384
40.3



93.5%
6.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
19.6
14.8
18.6
16.4
579
467
541
4098


235
155
11.7
0.694
0.0381
40.1



92.5%
7.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
20.0
15.0
19.1
16.7
583
460
531
4157


233
162
11.6
0.709
0.0391
41.6



96.3%
3.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
19.4
14.5
18.5
16.2
603
474
548
4204


235
170
11.0
0.738
0.0408
40.8



95.4%
4.6%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
19.6
14.5
18.6
16.3
601
471
546
4331


244
179
10.1
0.753
0.0419
42.3



93.1%
6.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
19.3
14.3
18.2
16.0
613
482
555
4331


245
180
10.1
0.756
0.0420
41.8



95.7%
4.3%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
19.3
14.2
18.2
16.0
616
482
555
4323


245
177
10.4
0.751
0.0414
41.8



90.1%
9.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
19.6
14.2
18.7
16.2
616
470
548
4386


259
189
10.5
0.744
0.0432
43.1



83.8%
16.2%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
19.6
14.2
18.4
16.1
616
478
551
4463


255
190
10.5
0.765
0.0427
43.7



81.9%
18.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
19.7
14.1
18.5
16.2
616
473
550
4450


252
192
10.7
0.786
0.0432
43.9



86.2%
13.8%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
19.6
14.1
18.4
16.1
618
478
553
4518


253
204
10.4
0.837
0.0452
44.4



79.4%
20.6%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
19.6
14.0
18.2
16.0
622
482
555
4602


253
206
10.0
0.839
0.0449
45.2



83.5%
16.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
20.2
14.4
18.6
16.4
606
470
541
4546


239
213
9.6
0.920
0.0469
46.0


7.4%
76.5%
16.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
20.1
14.1
18.7
16.3
619
470
545
4636


245
229
9.4
0.952
0.0493
46.6


1.7%
74.5%
23.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
20.3
14.1
18.8
16.4
616
465
541
4754


247
233
9.3
0.967
0.0492
48.2


2.6%
73.7%
23.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
20.4
14.1
19.0
16.5
620
462
539
4756


252
240
9.1
0.973
0.0505
48.5


2.8%
74.8%
22.4%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
20.8
14.3
19.2
16.7
610
456
531
4756


244
244
8.9
1.018
0.0512
49.6


2.9%
77.2%
19.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
21.4
14.7
19.7
17.2
588
445
518
4715


236
240
9.0
1.028
0.0507
50.9


5.1%
77.2%
17.7%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
22.0
15.1
20.3
17.7
576
431
503
4797


240
252
8.9
1.068
0.0523
53.1


6.5%
75.3%
18.2%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
22.7
15.5
20.9
18.2
558
419
489
4727
48.7

230
250
8.9
1.105
0.0525
54.0


10.1%
75.7%
14.2%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
24.1
16.4
22.2
19.3
529
395
461
4548
48.6

211
244
8.7
1.170
0.0532
55.1


17.5%
75.0%
7.5%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
24.7
16.8
22.6
19.7
515
387
452
4555
48.3

212
243
8.7
1.163
0.0531
56.6


14.2%
77.7%
8.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
24.9
16.9
22.8
19.8
513
385
449
4665
49.7

217
257
8.5
1.203
0.0547
58.2


13.8%
77.3%
8.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
25.1
17.1
23.0
20.0
510
381
445
4640
49.7

215
261
8.4
1.232
0.0558
58.5


13.8%
79.9%
6.4%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
26.3
17.8
23.9
20.8
486
365
427
4584
49.7

205
257
8.4
1.284
0.0555
60.6


13.8%
80.4%
5.8%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
27.3
18.4
24.8
21.6
470
352
412
4483
49.2

196
250
8.4
1.300
0.0554
61.6


12.8%
81.8%
5.4%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
27.8
18.7
25.2
21.9
460
346
406
4533
49.4

198
254
8.4
1.307
0.0554
63.5


11.1%
82.4%
6.4%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
28.2
19.0
25.4
22.2
451
342
400
4482
49.1

191
252
8.3
1.350
0.0556
64.0


11.7%
83.3%
5.1%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
28.3
19.1
25.7
22.4
449
338
398
4510
49.4

190
257
8.2
1.401
0.0564
64.6


13.3%
81.7%
4.9%
All
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
29.5
19.9
26.0
23.0
432
335
387
4438
49.0

180
252
8.1
1.466
0.0561
66.1


12.2%
83.1%
4.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
1975
14.0
11.1
13.1
11.9
759
627
746
4012


306
141

0.491
0.0351
28.8



13.5%
86.5%
All
Truck
Pickup
1976
14.6
11.7
13.4
12.4
720
614
714
4122


316
139

0.466
0.0339
30.9



20.9%
79.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1977
16.0
12.9
14.5
13.6
651
567
656
4092


313
146

0.496
0.0357
33.4



21.4%
78.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
1978
15.7
12.8
14.1
13.3
655
582
668
4104


306
144
13.4
0.496
0.0350
33.1



27.0%
73.0%
All
Truck
Pickup
1979
15.5
12.7
13.9
13.2
661
591
674
4142


287
136
14.9
0.502
0.0327
32.9



12.6%
87.4%
All
Truck
Pickup
1980
19.4
15.5
17.9
16.5
548
471
541
3740


236
118
15.6
0.549
0.0315
36.7


1.8%
21.1%
77.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1981
21.0
16.7
19.5
17.9
510
435
500
3679


237
115
15.6
0.521
0.0313
39.3


2.3%
16.8%
80.8%
All
Truck
Pickup
1982
21.7
17.2
20.3
18.5
497
421
486
3629


228
117
16.4
0.545
0.0322
40.1


2.2%
17.7%
80.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1983
22.2
17.5
20.9
18.9
484
404
473
3544


212
112
15.2
0.566
0.0317
40.0


1.9%
22.1%
76.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1984
21.5
16.9
20.2
18.3
501
417
488
3619


215
114
15.1
0.563
0.0314
39.4


0.6%
24.7%
74.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
1985
21.4
16.9
20.1
18.2
499
418
489
3642


221
123
14.2
0.588
0.0336
39.6



25.4%
74.6%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-197	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Truck
Truck SUV
1985
29.5%
13.6%
56.9%


92.9%

4.4%
1.0%
1.7%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1986
38.9%
7.5%
53.6%


51.8%

25.9%
20.6%
1.7%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1987
39.6%
9.4%
51.0%


27.8%

33.1%
38.7%
0.5%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1988
34.5%
8.0%
57.5%


17.6%

47.3%
34.8%
0.3%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1989
26.0%
8.5%
65.6%


6.9%

46.3%
46.5%
0.3%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1990
29.1%
4.1%
66.8%


5.2%

56.7%
37.8%
0.3%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1991
21.8%
1.7%
76.5%


0.4%

62.2%
37.2%
0.2%






All
Truck
Truck SUV
1992
21.7%
0.9%
77.4%




74.5%
25.5%







All
Truck
Truck SUV
1993
19.1%
0.9%
79.9%




83.0%
17.0%







All
Truck
Truck SUV
1994
15.2%

84.8%




84.7%
15.3%

13.4%





All
Truck
Truck SUV
1995
15.0%

85.0%




84.9%
15.1%

15.1%





All
Truck
Truck SUV
1996
6.1%

93.9%




100.0%

0.0%
13.5%





All
Truck
Truck SUV
1997
9.7%

90.3%




100.0%

0.0%
19.1%





All
Truck
Truck SUV
1998
7.5%

92.5%




100.0%

0.0%
22.0%





All
Truck
Truck SUV
1999
5.9%

94.1%




100.0%


26.4%
2.9%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2000
4.9%

95.1%




100.0%


22.7%
2.5%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2001
3.8%

96.2%




100.0%


39.6%
14.4%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2002
3.2%

96.7%
0.0%



100.0%


44.2%
25.0%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2003
2.2%

96.5%
1.3%



100.0%


51.6%
33.4%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2004
2.2%

96.7%
1.0%



100.0%

0.0%
53.2%
38.4%




All
Truck
Truck SUV
2005
2.2%

96.3%
1.5%



99.7%

0.3%
64.3%
50.0%
0.2%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2006
2.4%

93.0%
4.6%



99.7%

0.3%
69.8%
60.2%
3.1%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2007
2.1%

92.1%
5.8%



99.7%

0.3%
61.8%
54.3%
1.4%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2008
1.7%

91.6%
6.7%


2.0%
97.6%

0.4%
71.8%
60.5%
2.4%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2009
1.2%

88.2%
10.7%


7.6%
91.8%

0.6%
82.4%
69.0%
1.5%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2010
1.8%
0.8%
86.8%
10.6%


12.2%
87.2%

0.6%
82.7%
83.0%
1.5%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2011
1.2%
0.0%
87.4%
11.4%


15.1%
84.1%

0.8%
83.6%
92.6%
0.6%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2012
1.6%

88.4%
9.9%


18.3%
80.5%

1.2%
89.2%
95.8%
0.6%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2013
1.2%

84.9%
13.9%


23.0%
76.2%

0.9%
91.6%
98.3%
0.7%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2014
1.2%

82.0%
16.8%


27.1%
71.8%

1.1%
88.0%
97.4%
0.6%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2015
1.0%
0.3%
76.5%
22.1%


37.7%
61.3%

1.0%
91.4%
98.6%
0.5%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2016
0.9%
0.2%
77.3%
21.6%


49.5%
49.9%

0.6%
93.1%
99.4%
1.4%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2017
0.6%
0.5%
77.4%
21.5%


49.8%
50.0%

0.2%
94.4%
99.6%
1.8%



All
Truck
Truck SUV
2018
1.2%
0.5%
79.3%
19.1%


54.6%
44.7%

0.7%
95.3%
97.7%
3.5%



All
Truck
Pickup
1975
41.1%
58.9%



100.0%










All
Truck
Pickup
1976
38.8%
61.2%



100.0%










All
Truck
Pickup
1977
35.9%
64.1%



100.0%










All
Truck
Pickup
1978
37.4%
62.6%



98.8%



1.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1979
39.9%
58.8%
1.3%


97.5%



2.5%






All
Truck
Pickup
1980
58.8%
19.3%
21.9%


94.8%


1.0%
4.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1981
57.7%
14.8%
27.5%


92.3%


0.6%
7.1%






All
Truck
Pickup
1982
53.9%
16.6%
29.5%


89.5%


0.2%
10.3%






All
Truck
Pickup
1983
56.3%
15.3%
28.0%

0.4%
95.5%


0.1%
4.4%






All
Truck
Pickup
1984
54.9%
15.9%
29.3%


96.3%

1.0%

2.7%






All
Truck
Pickup
1985
51.6%
14.8%
33.7%


82.8%

11.4%
4.5%
1.2%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-198	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Truck
Pickup
1986
22.2
17.5
20.8
18.9
487
407
471
3574


206
120
13.6
0.623
0.0336
40.1



25.2%
74.8%
All
Truck
Pickup
1987
22.5
17.5
21.2
19.0
487
400
467
3526


202
123
13.5
0.639
0.0347
40.1


0.0%
25.5%
74.5%
All
Truck
Pickup
1988
21.5
16.5
20.4
18.1
515
418
490
3737


229
138
13.1
0.627
0.0365
40.5


0.0%
28.4%
71.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
1989
21.2
16.2
20.0
17.8
527
428
499
3803


236
143
12.4
0.633
0.0373
40.5



28.9%
71.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1990
20.7
15.7
19.7
17.4
542
434
511
3928


247
152
11.3
0.647
0.0384
41.1



27.9%
72.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
1991
21.7
16.3
20.7
18.2
523
415
489
3779


232
146
11.4
0.658
0.0385
41.4



24.8%
75.2%
All
Truck
Pickup
1992
20.9
15.5
20.0
17.5
551
430
508
3976


245
151
11.2
0.644
0.0379
41.8



26.3%
73.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
1993
21.1
15.6
20.2
17.6
551
429
505
3996


244
156
10.4
0.666
0.0390
42.4


0.0%
27.6%
72.4%
All
Truck
Pickup
1994
21.0
15.5
19.9
17.4
554
434
510
4056


248
163
10.2
0.687
0.0401
43.0



29.3%
70.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
1995
20.4
14.9
19.3
16.9
572
444
526
4182


257
167
10.3
0.687
0.0399
43.1



33.0%
67.0%
All
Truck
Pickup
1996
20.8
15.1
19.7
17.1
568
437
518
4190


251
178
10.5
0.737
0.0422
43.9



29.3%
70.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
1997
20.4
14.7
19.4
16.8
586
448
528
4415


264
196
10.2
0.756
0.0439
45.3



34.7%
65.3%
All
Truck
Pickup
1998
20.7
14.8
19.6
17.0
581
443
523
4282


252
190
10.5
0.773
0.0439
44.6



34.8%
65.2%
All
Truck
Pickup
1999
19.9
14.2
18.6
16.3
610
468
546
4486


267
205
10.3
0.776
0.0453
44.7



45.3%
54.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
2000
20.5
14.6
18.9
16.7
598
463
534
4340


255
203
9.8
0.803
0.0462
44.4



38.4%
61.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
2001
19.6
13.9
18.1
16.0
626
483
557
4551


269
216
9.4
0.812
0.0470
44.7



38.7%
61.3%
All
Truck
Pickup
2002
19.5
13.8
17.8
15.8
636
493
564
4690


271
226
9.4
0.838
0.0480
45.6



42.4%
57.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
2003
19.9
14.0
18.2
16.1
623
481
553
4642


264
223
9.5
0.847
0.0475
46.3



39.5%
60.5%
All
Truck
Pickup
2004
19.6
13.7
17.8
15.7
642
493
565
4939


281
249
9.1
0.885
0.0501
48.2



46.3%
53.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
2005
19.7
13.6
18.1
15.8
645
486
561
4988


284
260
CO
CO
0.917
0.0520
49.1



46.7%
53.3%
All
Truck
Pickup
2006
20.1
13.9
18.4
16.1
632
478
551
4968


278
256
8.9
0.925
0.0514
49.8



45.8%
54.2%
All
Truck
Pickup
2007
20.1
13.8
18.5
16.2
636
476
550
5144


286
269
8.9
0.938
0.0519
51.6



45.4%
54.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
2008
20.5
14.1
18.9
16.5
623
465
539
5161
63.0

286
276
8.9
0.962
0.0531
53.0



47.5%
52.5%
All
Truck
Pickup
2009
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
610
453
526
5176
62.6

287
278
8.5
0.971
0.0534
54.3



50.6%
49.4%
All
Truck
Pickup
2010
20.9
14.3
19.4
16.9
615
454
527
5309
63.5

293
289
8.4
0.987
0.0542
55.5



57.0%
43.0%
All
Truck
Pickup
2011
21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
602
443
516
5268
63.9

282
304
8.2
1.086
0.0571
56.3



60.3%
39.7%
All
Truck
Pickup
2012
21.3
14.6
19.9
17.2
604
443
516
5335
64.3

286
317
7.9
1.122
0.0590
56.9



62.4%
37.6%
All
Truck
Pickup
2013
21.7
14.8
20.2
17.5
596
436
509
5429
65.3

282
328
7.8
1.186
0.0600
58.9



63.2%
36.8%
All
Truck
Pickup
2014
22.4
15.3
20.9
18.0
577
422
493
5485
66.2

293
334
7.6
1.158
0.0606
61.7



64.9%
35.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
2015
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
553
407
474
5165
65.3

277
324
7.6
1.207
0.0626
60.9



66.9%
33.1%
All
Truck
Pickup
2016
23.6
16.1
21.8
18.9
548
405
471
5150
64.5

266
324
7.5
1.266
0.0630
61.1



67.1%
32.9%
All
Truck
Pickup
2017
23.7
16.1
21.8
18.9
548
405
470
5217
64.8

274
333
7.4
1.258
0.0637
61.8


0.5%
69.7%
29.8%
All
Truck
Pickup
2018
24.2
16.5
22.2
19.3
537
399
462
5184
64.7

262
339
7.1
1.361
0.0655
62.9


0.3%
67.7%
32.0%
All
Truck
All
1975
13.7
10.9
12.7
11.6
777
655
764
4073


311
142

0.476
0.0349
28.5



17.2%
82.8%
All
Truck
All
1976
14.4
11.6
13.2
12.2
736
632
726
4155


320
141

0.458
0.0340
30.5



23.0%
77.0%
All
Truck
All
1977
15.6
12.6
14.2
13.3
670
587
669
4136


318
147

0.482
0.0356
33.0



23.8%
76.2%
All
Truck
All
1978
15.3
12.4
13.7
12.9
680
607
687
4152


315
146
13.4
0.481
0.0351
32.4



29.1%
70.9%
All
Truck
All
1979
14.7
12.1
13.1
12.5
696
628
711
4257


299
138
15.0
0.485
0.0325
32.1



18.1%
81.9%
All
Truck
All
1980
18.6
14.8
17.1
15.8
572
493
565
3869


248
121
15.7
0.528
0.0313
36.3


1.4%
25.0%
73.6%
All
Truck
All
1981
20.1
16.0
18.6
17.1
531
455
523
3806


247
119
15.7
0.508
0.0311
38.8


1.9%
20.1%
78.0%
All
Truck
All
1982
20.5
16.3
19.0
17.4
525
446
516
3813


244
120
16.6
0.524
0.0317
39.7


1.7%
20.2%
78.1%
All
Truck
All
1983
20.8
16.5
19.6
17.7
515
430
504
3773


232
118
15.3
0.542
0.0313
39.9


1.4%
26.1%
72.5%
All
Truck
All
1984
20.4
16.1
19.3
17.4
526
438
512
3787


225
118
15.3
0.556
0.0310
39.3


5.0%
31.5%
63.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-199	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Truck
Pickup
1986
58.4%
11.2%
30.4%


60.6%

21.2%
17.6%
0.6%






All
Truck
Pickup
1987
58.5%
12.7%
28.9%


40.8%

26.9%
32.0%
0.3%






All
Truck
Pickup
1988
51.0%
10.3%
38.8%


16.1%

35.4%
48.3%
0.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1989
52.4%
6.1%
41.5%


10.0%

38.8%
51.1%
0.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1990
45.8%
4.3%
49.8%


6.0%

52.4%
41.4%
0.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1991
52.2%
1.4%
46.4%


3.2%

47.9%
48.7%
0.2%






All
Truck
Pickup
1992
47.1%
0.9%
52.1%


3.2%

58.0%
38.6%
0.1%






All
Truck
Pickup
1993
43.9%
0.8%
55.3%


2.1%

61.2%
36.7%







All
Truck
Pickup
1994
40.0%
1.0%
59.0%


0.8%

69.5%
29.7%

2.2%





All
Truck
Pickup
1995
39.6%
0.9%
59.5%




69.5%
30.5%

5.5%





All
Truck
Pickup
1996
34.6%
1.4%
64.0%

0.0%


99.8%

0.2%
13.3%





All
Truck
Pickup
1997
25.3%

74.7%




99.9%

0.1%
6.7%





All
Truck
Pickup
1998
27.3%
1.5%
71.1%




100.0%

0.0%
11.2%





All
Truck
Pickup
1999
17.5%
0.9%
81.5%




100.0%

0.0%
7.7%





All
Truck
Pickup
2000
16.7%
0.8%
82.5%




100.0%


12.7%





All
Truck
Pickup
2001
12.0%
0.8%
87.1%




100.0%


12.8%





All
Truck
Pickup
2002
9.5%
0.9%
89.6%




100.0%


17.8%





All
Truck
Pickup
2003
10.3%
0.9%
88.8%




100.0%


14.5%





All
Truck
Pickup
2004
7.0%
0.9%
92.1%




100.0%


32.4%
18.9%
0.0%



All
Truck
Pickup
2005
5.7%

94.3%




100.0%


40.9%
39.1%
0.0%



All
Truck
Pickup
2006
6.2%

93.8%




100.0%


49.0%
47.5%
0.1%



All
Truck
Pickup
2007
4.4%

95.6%




100.0%


40.0%
40.0%
0.0%



All
Truck
Pickup
2008
4.0%

96.0%




100.0%


41.3%
37.8%




All
Truck
Pickup
2009
4.1%

95.7%
0.2%



100.0%


42.4%
36.8%
0.2%



All
Truck
Pickup
2010
2.4%

97.5%
0.1%



100.0%


59.9%
62.2%
0.1%



All
Truck
Pickup
2011
2.1%

97.8%
0.1%


7.6%
92.4%


50.1%
86.1%
0.1%



All
Truck
Pickup
2012
1.5%

98.5%
0.1%


10.3%
89.7%


55.7%
94.6%
0.1%



All
Truck
Pickup
2013
1.2%

98.8%
0.0%


15.3%
84.7%


61.8%
96.5%
0.0%



All
Truck
Pickup
2014
0.7%

99.3%



45.0%
55.0%


48.8%
99.3%




All
Truck
Pickup
2015
0.9%

99.1%



55.1%
43.1%

1.8%
53.5%
90.4%




All
Truck
Pickup
2016
0.7%

99.3%



49.9%
47.9%

2.2%
62.5%
89.6%
0.0%



All
Truck
Pickup
2017
0.9%

99.1%



50.4%
48.3%

1.3%
58.8%
92.4%
0.1%



All
Truck
Pickup
2018
0.6%

99.4%



41.0%
56.2%

2.9%
67.5%
89.9%
0.2%



All
Truck
All
1975
36.9%
63.1%



99.9%


0.1%







All
Truck
All
1976
34.7%
65.3%



99.9%


0.1%







All
Truck
All
1977
31.6%
68.4%



99.9%


0.1%







All
Truck
All
1978
32.1%
67.9%



99.1%


0.1%
0.8%






All
Truck
All
1979
35.1%
62.8%
2.1%


97.9%


0.3%
1.8%






All
Truck
All
1980
53.0%
22.4%
24.5%


94.9%


1.7%
3.5%






All
Truck
All
1981
51.6%
17.3%
31.1%


93.3%


1.1%
5.6%






All
Truck
All
1982
45.9%
20.7%
33.4%


89.9%


0.7%
9.4%






All
Truck
All
1983
46.3%
17.4%
36.0%

0.3%
94.6%


0.6%
4.8%






All
Truck
All
1984
42.5%
22.9%
34.6%

0.0%
95.0%

2.0%
0.6%
2.4%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-200	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
Truck
All
1985
20.5
16.2
19.3
17.5
523
436
509
3803


225
124
14.7
0.585
0.0326
39.6


7.3%
31.3%
61.4%
All
Truck
All
1986
21.4
16.8
20.1
18.2
507
423
489
3741


212
123
13.9
0.619
0.0330
40.4


5.9%
30.7%
63.4%
All
Truck
All
1987
21.6
16.8
20.4
18.3
509
417
486
3718


211
131
13.6
0.652
0.0351
40.5


7.6%
32.2%
60.2%
All
Truck
All
1988
21.1
16.2
20.1
17.8
527
426
498
3850


228
141
13.3
0.649
0.0365
40.9


9.2%
34.1%
56.7%
All
Truck
All
1989
20.9
15.9
19.8
17.6
540
435
506
3932


234
146
12.7
0.653
0.0371
41.3


10.1%
32.8%
57.1%
All
Truck
All
1990
20.7
15.6
19.8
17.4
549
436
512
4014


237
151
11.8
0.667
0.0377
41.8


15.8%
31.8%
52.4%
All
Truck
All
1991
21.2
15.9
20.2
17.8
542
428
500
3961


229
150
11.8
0.681
0.0379
42.3


10.3%
37.3%
52.3%
All
Truck
All
1992
20.8
15.4
19.9
17.3
560
437
512
4078


236
155
11.5
0.682
0.0380
42.6


14.5%
33.4%
52.1%
All
Truck
All
1993
21.0
15.5
20.1
17.5
559
432
507
4098


235
160
10.6
0.705
0.0391
43.2


16.8%
32.7%
50.6%
All
Truck
All
1994
20.7
15.2
19.6
17.2
568
442
518
4149


241
166
10.4
0.713
0.0401
43.2


13.8%
39.2%
47.0%
All
Truck
All
1995
20.5
14.9
19.4
17.0
579
445
524
4201


245
168
10.6
0.712
0.0400
43.3


18.4%
42.3%
39.3%
All
Truck
All
1996
20.8
15.0
19.8
17.2
578
439
518
4255


245
179
10.7
0.755
0.0421
44.5


20.9%
39.2%
39.8%
All
Truck
All
1997
20.5
14.7
19.4
16.8
590
450
528
4394


251
189
10.5
0.769
0.0428
45.1


14.2%
45.2%
40.6%
All
Truck
All
1998
20.8
14.8
19.7
17.1
585
441
521
4317


244
188
10.7
0.794
0.0435
45.1


19.3%
45.1%
35.5%
All
Truck
All
1999
20.3
14.5
19.1
16.6
602
456
535
4457


252
199
10.5
0.811
0.0446
45.4


17.5%
48.1%
34.4%
All
Truck
All
2000
20.7
14.7
19.3
16.8
596
452
528
4421


245
199
10.1
0.830
0.0448
45.8


20.0%
46.3%
33.8%
All
Truck
All
2001
20.3
14.4
18.8
16.5
606
462
538
4543


249
212
9.6
0.873
0.0465
46.3


16.3%
48.8%
34.8%
All
Truck
All
2002
20.3
14.3
18.8
16.5
612
463
539
4612


249
223
9.5
0.911
0.0482
47.0


15.4%
51.6%
33.1%
All
Truck
All
2003
20.7
14.4
19.1
16.7
606
456
533
4655


248
224
9.4
0.920
0.0481
48.1


15.4%
50.4%
34.1%
All
Truck
All
2004
20.5
14.2
18.9
16.5
618
460
538
4783


258
240
9.2
0.946
0.0500
49.0


12.5%
56.5%
31.0%
All
Truck
All
2005
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
607
448
526
4763


251
242
9.1
0.976
0.0506
50.2


20.1%
52.2%
27.7%
All
Truck
All
2006
21.4
14.6
19.7
17.2
594
442
518
4758


247
240
9.1
0.985
0.0503
51.2


18.9%
53.1%
28.0%
All
Truck
All
2007
21.6
14.8
20.0
17.4
591
438
512
4871


253
254
9.0
1.020
0.0519
52.8


16.1%
55.5%
28.4%
All
Truck
All
2008
22.2
15.1
20.5
17.8
574
426
499
4837
54.0

246
254
9.0
1.046
0.0522
53.9


18.4%
56.8%
24.8%
All
Truck
All
2009
23.1
15.7
21.4
18.5
553
409
480
4753
53.8

236
252
8.7
1.089
0.0527
55.1


21.0%
58.5%
20.5%
All
Truck
All
2010
23.4
15.9
21.7
18.8
544
403
474
4784
53.8

237
253
CO
CO
1.087
0.0526
56.3


20.9%
61.0%
18.0%
All
Truck
All
2011
23.9
16.2
22.0
19.1
535
397
466
4824
54.4

236
271
8.4
1.171
0.0557
57.8


17.7%
65.0%
17.3%
All
Truck
All
2012
24.1
16.4
22.3
19.3
531
392
461
4809
54.5

234
276
8.3
1.198
0.0569
58.2


20.9%
64.3%
14.8%
All
Truck
All
2013
24.8
16.8
22.8
19.8
515
382
450
4824
54.7

228
277
8.2
1.250
0.0569
60.0


18.1%
67.5%
14.5%
All
Truck
All
2014
25.5
17.3
23.5
20.3
501
371
437
4790
55.0

227
277
8.1
1.249
0.0572
61.4


17.5%
68.3%
14.2%
All
Truck
All
2015
26.5
17.9
24.2
21.1
482
360
423
4680
53.9

218
271
8.2
1.275
0.0573
62.6


16.0%
71.4%
12.6%
All
Truck
All
2016
26.8
18.1
24.4
21.2
476
357
420
4656
53.7

212
272
8.1
1.319
0.0577
63.0


15.8%
72.0%
12.2%
All
Truck
All
2017
26.9
18.2
24.6
21.4
472
352
416
4689
53.8

212
277
7.9
1.357
0.0585
63.8


16.1%
72.8%
11.0%
All
Truck
All
2018
27.8
18.8
24.9
21.8
453
349
408
4647
53.8

204
277
7.8
1.426
0.0588
65.3


14.5%
73.5%
12.1%
All
All
All
1975
15.3
12.0
14.6
13.1
688
561
681
4060


293
137

0.507
0.0335
31.6


5.3%
3.3%
91.4%
All
All
All
1976
16.7
13.2
15.7
14.2
633
525
625
4079


294
135

0.493
0.0328
34.4


4.6%
4.8%
90.6%
All
All
All
1977
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
593
497
590
3982


287
136

0.510
0.0339
35.7


5.5%
4.7%
89.8%
All
All
All
1978
18.6
14.7
17.5
15.8
564
470
562
3715


266
129
13.6
0.525
0.0344
35.1


7.4%
6.6%
86.0%
All
All
All
1979
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
561
474
560
3655


252
124
14.6
0.532
0.0335
34.7


9.2%
4.3%
86.5%
All
All
All
1980
22.5
17.6
21.5
19.2
481
395
466
3228


198
104
15.6
0.574
0.0320
36.6


25.0%
4.9%
70.1%
All
All
All
1981
24.1
18.8
23.0
20.5
451
369
436
3202


193
102
15.6
0.580
0.0318
38.9


31.0%
4.0%
65.0%
All
All
All
1982
24.7
19.2
23.9
21.1
440
354
425
3202


188
103
16.6
0.593
0.0320
40.0


37.0%
4.6%
58.4%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-201	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
Truck
All
1985
37.6%
21.2%
41.1%


86.5%

8.9%
3.5%
1.1%






All
Truck
All
1986
43.0%
15.5%
41.5%


59.4%

22.1%
17.8%
0.7%






All
Truck
All
1987
40.5%
15.7%
43.8%

0.1%
33.6%

33.3%
32.8%
0.3%






All
Truck
All
1988
35.8%
11.7%
52.5%


12.4%

43.2%
44.3%
0.2%






All
Truck
All
1989
32.8%
10.8%
56.4%

0.0%
6.5%

45.9%
47.5%
0.2%






All
Truck
All
1990
28.1%
4.4%
67.5%

0.0%
3.8%

55.0%
40.9%
0.2%






All
Truck
All
1991
31.5%
1.7%
66.8%


1.7%

55.3%
42.8%
0.1%






All
Truck
All
1992
27.5%
1.2%
71.3%


1.6%

65.7%
32.6%
0.1%






All
Truck
All
1993
24.7%
1.1%
74.2%


1.0%

71.5%
27.5%







All
Truck
All
1994
23.7%
1.0%
75.3%


0.4%

76.2%
23.4%

5.2%





All
Truck
All
1995
20.7%
0.9%
78.5%




79.4%
20.6%

8.0%





All
Truck
All
1996
15.6%
1.0%
83.4%

0.0%


99.9%

0.1%
11.2%





All
Truck
All
1997
14.1%
0.1%
85.8%




100.0%

0.0%
11.1%





All
Truck
All
1998
13.6%
0.6%
85.8%




100.0%

0.0%
14.8%





All
Truck
All
1999
9.2%
0.4%
90.4%




100.0%

0.0%
15.7%
3.0%




All
Truck
All
2000
8.2%
0.3%
91.5%




100.0%


18.6%
4.6%




All
Truck
All
2001
6.3%
0.3%
93.4%




100.0%


25.9%
9.3%




All
Truck
All
2002
4.7%
0.3%
94.9%
0.0%



100.0%


32.8%
16.0%




All
Truck
All
2003
4.6%
0.3%
94.4%
0.6%



100.0%


34.6%
19.7%




All
Truck
All
2004
3.5%
0.3%
95.6%
0.6%



100.0%

0.0%
46.2%
32.9%
0.0%



All
Truck
All
2005
2.9%

95.3%
1.8%



99.9%

0.1%
51.1%
41.2%
0.1%



All
Truck
All
2006
3.3%

93.7%
3.1%



99.9%

0.1%
58.4%
51.5%
1.5%



All
Truck
All
2007
2.6%

93.8%
3.7%



99.9%

0.1%
53.3%
48.7%
0.8%



All
Truck
All
2008
2.2%

94.1%
3.6%


1.1%
98.7%

0.2%
59.5%
51.6%
1.3%



All
Truck
All
2009
2.0%

92.0%
6.0%


4.2%
95.4%

0.3%
66.7%
56.0%
0.9%



All
Truck
All
2010
1.8%
0.4%
91.9%
5.9%


6.8%
92.9%

0.4%
71.5%
70.5%
0.9%



All
Truck
All
2011
1.3%
0.0%
91.4%
7.3%


11.3%
88.1%

0.5%
75.2%
90.7%
0.4%



All
Truck
All
2012
1.4%

92.4%
6.2%


13.5%
85.8%

0.7%
80.6%
94.9%
0.4%



All
Truck
All
2013
1.1%

90.2%
8.7%


18.4%
81.1%

0.5%
83.5%
96.9%
0.4%



All
Truck
All
2014
0.9%

88.9%
10.2%


29.7%
69.6%

0.6%
76.9%
98.0%
0.4%



All
Truck
All
2015
0.9%
0.2%
83.6%
15.3%


39.0%
59.9%

1.1%
82.7%
96.7%
0.3%



All
Truck
All
2016
0.8%
0.2%
84.8%
14.3%


46.2%
52.9%

1.0%
85.7%
96.9%
0.9%



All
Truck
All
2017
0.7%
0.3%
84.2%
14.8%


46.6%
52.9%

0.5%
85.8%
97.8%
1.2%



All
Truck
All
2018
0.9%
0.3%
85.6%
13.1%


49.7%
49.0%

1.3%
87.9%
95.7%
2.6%



All
All
All
1975
23.0%
76.8%
0.2%


95.7%

4.1%
0.0%
0.2%






All
All
All
1976
20.9%
79.1%



97.3%

2.5%
0.0%
0.2%






All
All
All
1977
19.8%
80.2%



96.2%

3.4%
0.0%
0.4%






All
All
All
1978
22.7%
71.9%
5.5%


95.2%

3.9%
0.0%
0.9%






All
All
All
1979
24.2%
68.1%
7.3%

0.4%
94.2%

3.7%
0.1%
2.0%






All
All
All
1980
34.6%
46.8%
18.1%

0.5%
89.7%

5.2%
0.8%
4.3%






All
All
All
1981
33.6%
32.9%
33.0%

0.5%
86.7%

5.1%
2.4%
5.9%






All
All
All
1982
32.4%
19.4%
47.8%

0.4%
80.6%

5.8%
8.0%
5.6%






* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-202	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type




Fuel Economy (MPG)
C02 Emissions (g/mi)



Engine






Drivetrain





Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-
Real-

Foot













Car or
Vehicle
Model
2-Cycle
World
World
World
World
World
World
Weight
print
Volume


0-60
HP/
HP/
Ton-
Cu Ft-
Cu Ft-Ton-



Manufacturer
Truck
Type
Year
55/45*
City
Hwy
Comb
City
Hwy
Comb
(lbs)
(ft2)
(Cu-Ft)
CID
HP
Time
CID
WT
MPG
MPG
MPG
Front
4WD
Rear
All
All
All
1983
24.6
19.0
23.9
21.0
440
353
426
3257


193
107
14.9
0.599
0.0327
40.5


37.0%
8.1%
54.8%
All
All
All
1984
24.6
19.1
24.0
21.0
440
351
424
3262


190
109
14.7
0.618
0.0332
40.7


42.1%
8.2%
49.8%
All
All
All
1985
25.0
19.3
24.4
21.3
435
345
417
3271


189
114
14.1
0.650
0.0347
41.4


47.8%
9.3%
42.9%
All
All
All
1986
25.7
19.8
25.0
21.8
427
338
407
3238


180
114
13.4
0.678
0.0351
42.0


52.6%
9.3%
38.0%
All
All
All
1987
25.9
19.8
25.3
22.0
428
336
405
3221


175
118
13.4
0.710
0.0361
42.1


57.7%
9.6%
32.8%
All
All
All
1988
25.9
19.6
25.2
21.9
430
336
407
3283


180
123
13.3
0.726
0.0372
42.9


60.0%
10.5%
29.5%
All
All
All
1989
25.4
19.1
24.8
21.4
444
343
415
3351


185
129
12.5
0.743
0.0382
43.0


60.2%
10.5%
29.3%
All
All
All
1990
25.2
18.7
24.6
21.2
453
346
420
3426


185
135
11.5
0.781
0.0394
43.5


63.8%
10.1%
26.1%
All
All
All
1991
25.4
18.8
24.7
21.3
452
345
418
3410


184
138
11.4
0.796
0.0402
43.6


59.6%
12.3%
28.1%
All
All
All
1992
24.9
18.2
24.4
20.8
466
349
427
3512


191
145
11.0
0.807
0.0413
44.1


58.4%
11.2%
30.4%
All
All
All
1993
25.1
18.2
24.4
20.9
465
348
426
3519


191
147
10.3
0.809
0.0416
44.5


59.9%
11.3%
28.8%
All
All
All
1994
24.6
17.8
23.8
20.4
477
356
436
3603


197
152
10.1
0.816
0.0420
44.6


55.6%
15.2%
29.2%
All
All
All
1995
24.7
17.7
24.1
20.5
477
351
434
3613


196
158
10.1
0.857
0.0438
45.2


57.6%
16.2%
26.3%
All
All
All
1996
24.8
17.6
24.0
20.4
483
354
435
3659


197
164
10.4
0.878
0.0447
45.6


60.0%
15.7%
24.3%
All
All
All
1997
24.5
17.4
23.6
20.2
490
359
441
3727


199
169
10.2
0.890
0.0452
45.9


56.1%
19.0%
24.9%
All
All
All
1998
24.5
17.2
23.6
20.1
494
360
442
3744


199
171
10.4
0.904
0.0457
46.3


56.4%
20.1%
23.5%
All
All
All
1999
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
506
369
451
3835


203
179
10.3
0.921
0.0465
46.5


55.8%
21.3%
22.9%
All
All
All
2000
24.3
16.9
23.0
19.8
506
370
450
3821


200
181
9.8
0.942
0.0472
46.7


55.5%
20.2%
24.3%
All
All
All
2001
24.2
16.8
22.8
19.6
506
371
453
3879


201
187
9.5
0.968
0.0480
47.3


53.8%
22.0%
24.2%
All
All
All
2002
24.1
16.6
22.5
19.5
512
376
457
3951


203
195
9.4
0.994
0.0493
47.9


52.7%
25.0%
22.3%
All
All
All
2003
24.3
16.7
22.7
19.6
510
373
454
3999


204
199
9.3
1.007
0.0496
49.0


50.7%
25.0%
24.3%
All
All
All
2004
24.0
16.3
22.4
19.3
519
377
461
4111


212
211
9.1
1.026
0.0511
49.7


47.7%
29.8%
22.4%
All
All
All
2005
24.8
16.8
23.1
19.9
503
367
447
4059


205
209
9.0
1.049
0.0512
50.9


53.0%
26.8%
20.2%
All
All
All
2006
25.2
17.0
23.4
20.1
499
363
442
4067


204
213
8.9
1.073
0.0522
51.7


51.9%
25.8%
22.3%
All
All
All
2007
25.8
17.4
24.0
20.6
483
354
431
4093


203
217
8.9
1.099
0.0525
53.4


54.3%
26.1%
19.6%
All
All
All
2008
26.3
17.7
24.4
21.0
475
348
424
4085
48.9

199
219
8.9
1.122
0.0529
54.4


54.2%
27.3%
18.5%
All
All
All
2009
28.2
18.9
26.0
22.4
446
328
397
3914
47.9

183
208
CO
CO
1.156
0.0523
55.9


62.9%
23.5%
13.6%
All
All
All
2010
28.4
19.1
26.2
22.6
0
0
394
4001
48.5

188
214
CO
CO
1.160
0.0527
58.3


59.6%
26.7%
13.7%
All
All
All
2011
28.1
18.8
25.9
22.3
0
0
399
4126
49.5

192
230
8.5
1.217
0.0549
59.1


53.8%
32.4%
13.8%
All
All
All
2012
29.9
19.9
27.3
23.6
0
0
377
3979
48.8

180
222
8.5
1.248
0.0548
61.0


61.4%
27.7%
10.9%
All
All
All
2013
30.7
20.5
28.0
24.2
0
0
368
4003
49.1

176
226
8.4
1.310
0.0554
63.7


59.7%
29.1%
11.1%
All
All
All
2014
30.7
20.4
27.9
24.1
0
0
369
4060
49.7

180
230
8.3
1.310
0.0557
64.1


55.3%
32.6%
12.1%
All
All
All
2015
31.4
20.9
28.5
24.6
0
0
361
4035
49.4

177
229
8.3
1.321
0.0557
65.7


52.9%
36.1%
10.9%
All
All
All
2016
31.6
21.0
28.5
24.7
0
0
359
4035
49.5

173
230
8.3
1.361
0.0560
66.1


51.2%
38.3%
10.5%
All
All
All
2017
31.7
21.1
28.7
24.9
0
0
357
4093
49.8

173
233
8.2
1.390
0.0559
68.4


49.6%
40.8%
9.6%
All
All
All
2018
32.7
21.8
28.9
25.4
0
0
348
4094
50.0

169
237
8.0
1.456
0.0568
73.3


46.4%
42.1%
11.5%
* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-203	March 2019

-------
^^^p^^Emlronmentai Protection	2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report	Office of Transportation and Air Quality
Asencv	Supplemental Table K: Estimated Real-World Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
Manufacturer
Car or
Truck
Vehicle
Type
Model
Year
Transmission
Fuel Metering
Multi-
Valve
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Manual
utomat
Lockup
CVT
Other
Carb
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Small
Mid
Large
All
All
All
1983
30.5%
17.0%
52.1%

0.4%
75.2%

7.3%
14.8%
2.7%






All
All
All
1984
28.4%
18.8%
52.8%

0.0%
67.6%

11.9%
18.7%
1.8%






All
All
All
1985
26.5%
19.1%
54.5%


56.1%

18.2%
24.8%
0.9%






All
All
All
1986
29.8%
16.7%
53.5%


41.4%

32.5%
25.7%
0.4%






All
All
All
1987
29.1%
15.5%
55.4%

0.0%
28.4%

39.9%
31.4%
0.3%






All
All
All
1988
27.6%
10.2%
62.2%


15.0%

50.6%
34.3%
0.1%






All
All
All
1989
24.6%
9.9%
65.5%
0.1%
0.0%
8.7%

57.3%
33.9%
0.1%






All
All
All
1990
22.2%
6.5%
71.2%
0.0%
0.0%
2.1%

70.8%
27.0%
0.1%

0.4%




All
All
All
1991
23.9%
4.5%
71.6%
0.0%

0.6%

70.6%
28.7%
0.1%

1.7%




All
All
All
1992
20.7%
4.5%
74.8%
0.0%

0.5%

81.6%
17.8%
0.1%

3.0%




All
All
All
1993
19.8%
3.7%
76.5%
0.0%

0.3%

85.0%
14.6%


3.0%




All
All
All
1994
19.5%
3.0%
77.6%


0.1%

87.7%
12.1%
0.0%
26.7%
4.8%




All
All
All
1995
17.9%
1.4%
80.7%




91.6%
CO
0.0%
35.6%
6.1%




All
All
All
1996
15.2%
1.3%
83.5%
0.0%
0.0%


99.3%
0.7%
0.1%
39.3%
7.0%




All
All
All
1997
14.0%
0.5%
85.5%
0.0%



99.5%
0.5%
0.1%
39.6%
6.5%




All
All
All
1998
12.8%
0.5%
86.7%
0.0%



99.8%
0.1%
0.1%
40.9%
10.1%




All
All
All
1999
10.1%
0.5%
89.4%
0.0%



99.9%
0.1%
0.1%
43.4%
10.8%




All
All
All
2000
9.7%
0.7%
89.5%
0.0%



99.8%
0.0%
0.1%
44.8%
15.0%
0.0%



All
All
All
2001
9.0%
0.6%
90.3%
0.1%



99.9%

0.1%
49.0%
19.6%
0.1%



All
All
All
2002
8.2%
0.3%
91.4%
0.2%



99.8%

0.2%
53.3%
25.3%
0.2%



All
All
All
2003
8.0%
0.1%
90.8%
1.1%



99.8%

0.2%
55.5%
30.6%
0.3%



All
All
All
2004
6.8%
0.3%
91.8%
1.2%



99.9%

0.1%
62.3%
38.5%
0.5%



All
All
All
2005
6.2%
0.1%
91.5%
2.3%



99.7%

0.3%
65.6%
45.8%
1.1%



All
All
All
2006
6.5%
0.0%
90.6%
2.8%



99.6%

0.4%
71.7%
55.4%
1.5%



All
All
All
2007
5.6%
0.0%
87.1%
7.2%


0.2%
99.8%

0.1%
71.7%
57.3%
2.2%



All
All
All
2008
5.2%
0.2%
86.8%
7.9%


2.3%
97.6%

0.1%
76.4%
58.2%
2.5%



All
All
All
2009
4.8%
0.2%
85.6%
9.4%


4.2%
95.2%

0.5%
83.8%
71.5%
2.3%



All
All
All
2010
3.8%
1.2%
84.1%
11.0%


8.3%
91.0%

0.7%
85.5%
83.8%
3.8%



All
All
All
2011
3.2%
0.3%
86.5%
10.0%


15.4%
83.8%

0.8%
86.4%
93.1%
2.2%



All
All
All
2012
3.6%
1.1%
83.4%
11.9%


22.5%
76.5%

0.9%
91.8%
96.6%
3.4%



All
All
All
2013
3.5%
1.4%
80.4%
14.7%


30.5%
68.3%

0.9%
92.8%
97.4%
3.9%



All
All
All
2014
2.8%
1.6%
76.7%
19.0%


37.4%
61.3%

1.0%
89.2%
97.6%
3.0%



All
All
All
2015
2.6%
1.4%
72.3%
23.7%


41.9%
56.7%

0.9%
91.2%
97.2%
2.7%



All
All
All
2016
2.2%
2.6%
72.4%
22.8%


48.0%
51.0%

0.5%
92.3%
98.0%
2.2%



All
All
All
2017
2.1%
2.6%
71.5%
23.8%


49.7%
49.4%

0.3%
91.9%
98.1%
3.1%



All
All
All
2018
2.5%
3.5%
71.8%
22.2%


50.7%
46.6%

0.9%
91.7%
95.7%
4.5%



* See Appendix C for more information on 2-cycle data
EPA-420-R-19-002	K-204	March 2019

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