PHASE 1 REPORT - REVIEW COPY
INTERIM CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION
HUDSON RIVER PCB REASSESSMENT RI/FS
EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT NO. 013-2N84
AUGUST 1991
ALTERNATIVE REMEDIAL CONTRACTING STRATEGY (ARCS)
Region II
FOR
HAZARDOUS WASTE REMEDIAL SERVICES
EPA Contract No. 66-S9-2001
VOLUME 1
(BOOK 2 OF 2)
TAMS CONSULTANTS, Inc.
end
Gradient Corporation
-------
TANS CONSULTANTS, INC./GRADIENT CORPORATION
PHASE 1 REPORT
INTERIM CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION
HUDSON RIVER PCB REASSESSMENT RI/FS
ABBREVIATED CONTENTS*
*»
VOLUME 1 (1 OF 2)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
PART A: LOWER HUDSON CHARACTERIZATION
A.l Physical Site Characteristics
A.2 Sources of PCB Contamination
A.3 Nature and Extent of Contamination
A.4 Review of Lower Hudson PCB Mathematical Model
PART B: UPPER HUDSON CHARACTERIZATION
B.l Physical Site Characteristics
B.2 Sources of PCB Contamination
B.3 Nature and Extent of Contamination
B.4 Data Synthesis and Evaluation of Trends
B.5 Sediment Transport Modeling
B.6 Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment
B.7 Interim Ecological Risk Assessment
PART C: PHASE 1 FEASIBILITY STUDY
C.l Phase 1 Objectives
C.2 Remedial Objectives and Response Actions
C.3 Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements
C.4 Technology and Process Identification
C.5 Innovative Treatment Technologies (USEPA Site Program)
C.6 Initial Screening of Technologies
C.7 Treatability Studies
REFERENCES
GLOSSARY
VOLUME 1 (2 OF 2)
TABLES
FIGURES
PLATES
* SEPARATE, DETAILED TABLES OF CONTENTS PRECEDE THE INTRODUCTION, PARTS A,
B AND C, TABLES, FIGURES AND PLATES.
-------
TABLES
PHASE 1 REPORT
INTERIM CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION
HUDSON RIVER PCB REASSESSMENT RI/FS
CONTENTS
The TAMS/Gradlent Database 1s the source of all data, except as noted on tables
where appropriate.
A.1-1 Mean Annual Flow for Hudson River Tributaries
A.1-2 Public Water Supplies on the Lower Hudson River
A.2-1 Aroclor Mixtures
A.2-2 Summary of Non-Po1nt Source Loads to the Lower Hudson River
A.3-1 Inventory of PCBs 1n the Sediments of the Lower Hudson River
A.3-2 Comparison of PCB Concentrations In Suspended Matter and Sediment
Core Tops Near River Mile 3
A.3-3 Count of F1sh Samples by Year
A.3-4 Hudson River F1sh Species and Percent Lipid
A.3-5 Striped Bass, Total PCBs (ppm), Lower Hudson
A.3-6 Striped Bass LIp1d-Adjusted Aroclor Concentrations
A.3-7 Total PCBs (ppm), Various F1sh Species, Lower Hudson
B-1-1 Water Quality Rating Criteria
B.1-2 Public Water Supplies on the Upper Hudson River
B.l-3 F1sh Species Occurrence Summary Between Fort Edward and the Federal
Dam
B.2-1 Current Permitted PCB Discharges, Upper Hudson River Drainage Basin
B.2-2 Inactive Disposal Sites Located Near Upper Hudson River
B.3-1 Studies of PCB Contamination 1n the Hudson
B.3-2 Hudson River Sediment Database Summary
1
-------
B.3-3 Comparison of Sediment Samples By River Mile
B.3-4 PCB Levels 1n 1976-1978 Sediment Samples
B.3-5 1984 Thompson Island Pool Sediment Summary
B.3-6 Texture Classifications From 1984 Sediment Study
B.3-7 GE Baseline Remnant Remediation Sediment Monitoring
B.3-8 Total PCBs 1n Sediments - GE's 1990 Study and Comparison to Earlier
Studies
B.3-9 Dally Flows For Upper Hudson USGS Gauging Stations
B.3-10 Suspended Sediment Monitoring Summary
B.3-11 Total PCBs 1n the Water Column - USGS Stations
B.3-12 Current (1986-89) Average Water Column PCB Concentrations - USGS
Stations
B.3-13 Summer Average Water Column PCB Concentrations (pg/1) - USGS
Monitoring Stations
B.3-14 Upper Hudson Yearly F1sh Count
B.3-15 Average Aroclor Levels 1n Upper Hudson Fish
B.3-16 Total PCBs (ppm) in Largemouth Bass: Upper Hudson - NYSDEC
Monitoring
B.3-17 Total PCBs (ppm) 1n Pumpkinseed: Upper Hudson - NYSOEC Monitoring
B.3-18 Total PCBs (ppm) 1n Brown Bullhead: Upper Hudson - NYSDEC Monitoring
B.3-19 L1p1d-Based Total PCBs for All F1sh Species: NYSDEC Database
B.3-20 Other Chemicals In Fish Samples
B.3-21 PCBs 1n A1r
B.3-22 PCBs In Plants
B.4-1 Flood Recurrence Intervals at Fort Edward
B.4-2 Regression Analysis: PCBs 1n Water Column
B.4-3 Published PCB Mass Loading Past Waterford (kg/yr)
B.4-4 Estimated TAMS/Grad1ent Yearly Average PCB Loads (kg/yr)
1i
-------
¦5
¦1
¦2
¦3
•4
•5
•6
•7
•8
•1
•2
3
¦1
1
2
3
1
2
3
Trends in Aroclor Concentration at River Mile 175 (iig/1)
Exposure Assumptions: Fish Ingestion
Exposure Assumptions: Dermal Contact with Sediments
Exposure Assumptions: Sediment Ingestion
Exposure Assumptions: Dermal Contact with River Water
Cancer Risk Estimates
Hazard Quotient Estimates
Epidemiological Studies: PCB Carcinogenicity 1n Huinans
Epidemiological Studies: Non-Cancer PCB Effects in Humans
Estimated Ecological PCB Exposure Levels for Indicator Species
Summary of Observed PCB Effects in Biota
Summary of Proposed Ecological Guidelines for PCBs
Remedial Technologies and Process Options
Potential Chemical-Specific ARARs and Criteria, Advisori.es and
Guidance
Potential Location-Specific ARARs and Criteria, Advisories and
Guidance
Potential Action-Specific ARARs
Physical/Chemical Technologies Reviewed by NUS (1984) and MPI (1985)
Initial Screening of Physical/Chemical Treatment Processes
Bench- and Pilot-Scale Tests of Physical /Chemical Sediment Treatment
Technologies
iii
-------
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
iv
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Table A.1-1
Mean Annual Flow for Hudson River Tributaries
River
Tributary
Drainage Area1
Flow2
X of3
M1le
sq. ml.
cfs
EFlow
154
Hudson River4
8089
12500
64.0
145
Normans Kill
179
260*
1.3
122
Kinderhook Creek
473
7008
3.6
113
Catskill Creek
988
1460'
7.5
102
Esopus Creek
425
380s
1.9
91
Wall kill River
764
1070
5.5
91
Rondout Creek
386
340s
1.7
67
Wappinger Creek
210
290
1.5
60
Flshklll Creek
194
290
1.5
58
Moodna Creek
198
290s
1.5
34
Croton River
378
350s
1.8
0 to 154
Remaining Minor
1083
1600s
8.2
Tributaries
TOTAL HUDSON
13367
19530
100.0
1 to -5
NY + NJ Sewage
2540*
150
Albany Area Sewage
1007
Notes:
1 Drainage Areas from Wagner, L.A., Geological Survey Water Resources
Investigations Open File Report 81-1055 (1982).
2 Source: Long term averages from Geological Survey Water SuddIv Paper
No. 1902 (1970): flow values rounded to nearest ten cfs.
3 Percentage of grand total excluding sewage.
4 The last gauging station on the main axis of the Hudson River above
tidal water 1s located at the Federal Dam at Troy. This total
Includes *5300 cfs from the Mohawk River and -7100 cfs from the Upper
Hudson.
5 Does not Include water drawn for municipal use.
6 From Mueller et al. (1982) plus 2.6% to account for subsequent
increase In municipal usage up to 1984. This includes only those
sewage outfalls which enter the Hudson estuary. The outfalls to Long
Island Sound, Rarltan Bay, etc. are not Included.
7 From Darmer (1987).
Source: Garvey (1990).
Tabic A.1-1
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Table A.1-2
Public Water Supplies on the Lower Hudson River
Supply Name
Owner City
County
Type
River
MQe
Design
Capacity
(mgd)
Current Average
Production
{mgd)
Castle Point Medical Center
Castle Point
Dutchess
I
64
0.15
0.0830
Poughkeepsie WTP
Poughkeepsie
Dutchess
M
77
15.20
9.6500
Rhinebeck WTP
Rhinebeck
Dutchess
M
93
1.00
0.5500
Flrthctiffe WD
Cornwall
Orange
M
0.0170
Highland WD
Highland
Ulster
M
76
1.00
0.5600
Port Ewen WD
Port Ewen
Ulster
M
90
0.50
0.3750
Camp Woodcliff
Kingston
Ulster
I
NA
NA
Marist Brother Camp
Jamaica
Ulster
I
NA
0.0024
Marist Preparatory School
Jamaica
Ulster
I
NA
NA
Notes:
I * Institutional
M « Municipality
WTP m Water Treatment Plant
WD ¦ Water District
Sources: NYS Department of Health (1991) and for design capacity
Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. (1984).
Tabto A.1-2
-------
Table A£-1
Arocior Mixtures
Percentage of Group within Mixture
Arocior Mixture
PCB Homologue Group
1016
1221
1242
1254
1260
Biphenyl
<0.1
11
<0.1
<0.1
_
Monochlorobiphenyl
1
51
1
<0.1
—
Dichlorobiphenyl
20
32
16
0.5
—
Trichlorobiphenyl
57
4
49
1
~
Tetrachlorobiphenyl
21
2
25
21
1
Pentachlorobiphenyl
1
<0.5
8
48
12
Hexachlorobiphenyl
<0.1
—
1
23
38
Heptachlorobiphenyl
—
—
<0.1
6
41
Octachlorobiphenyl
--
—
—
~
8
Nonachlorobiphenyl
—
—
—
—
—
Decachlorobiphenyl
••
••
••
••
Sourca: USEPA, 'Environmental Transport and Transformation of Potychiorinatad
Biphanyta.' EPA 560/5-83-025. Offica of Pastiddaa and Toxic Subatancaa.
Washington, DC (1983).
Tabte A£*1
-------
Table A.2-2
Summary of Non-Po1nt Source Loads
to the Lower Hudson River
Source
%
Range of Load Estimates1 V
(lb/day)
Tributaries
0.2 - 2.3
Sewage
3 - 4.6
Combined Sewer/Storm Water Outfalls
and Storm Water Outfalls
2 - i J
Atmospheric Deposition
0
•
M
1
o
•
tn
Landfill Leachate
0-0.7
Notes:
'Sources, discussed 1n text, base estimates on only a few measurements and
must be considered uncertain.
Tabit A.2-2
-------
Table A.3-1
Inventory of PCBs 1n the Sediments of the Lower Hudson River
Location
PCB burden
(kg) ,
1)
New York Harbor (in situ)
23,000 *
2)
Coves and Marginal Area
a) Coves and bays
10,000
b) Haverstraw Bay and the Tappan Zee
16,000
3)
Low Deposition Areas (Channel and Subtldal Bank)
13,000
4)
Upstream Areas of High Deposition
a) Albany turning basins (River Mile 143, 144),
mp 109.5 and Lent's Cove (River Mile 43.2)
2,000
b) Kingston area (River Mile 85-93)
21.OOP
Total PCBs associated with sediments
of the Lower Hudson (in situ)
85,000
Total
PCBs dredged from New York Harbor
37,000
Sources: PCB burden figures Bopp (1979), except for Kingston area
(Bopp and Simpson, 1989).
Tabic JL3»1
-------
Table A.3-2
Comparison of PCB Concentrations 1n
Suspended Matter and Sediment Core Tops
Near River Mile 3
PCB Concentration
Selected Aroclor 1242 Homologues
(*ng/kg)
1980
Suspended Matter at River Mile 3
2.0
1981
River Mile 2.7 Sediment
Core Tops (0-2 cm)
1.9
1982
River Mile 2.3 Sediment
Core Top (0-2 cm)
1.6
1984
Suspended Matter at River Mile 3
1.7-1.9
Source: Bopp and Simpson (1984).
Tibl* A.3-2
-------
Table A.3-3
Count of Rsh Samples by Year [1]
LOWER HUDSON: Mile 0-152
Year
Sample
STB
PKSD
LMB
BB
AS
AMEL
Other
1970 [2]
Unknown
7
2
1972 [2]
Unknown
3
36
1970-2 [2]
Unknown
3
18
9
1973 [2]
Filler
14
Unknown
22
1975 [2]
Whole
2
6
Fillet
37
3
Unknown
12
1
6
7
23
1975
Fillet
30
2
1
3
9
24
Whole
2
6
10
Other
5
1
1
1976
Fillet
111
77
3
7
Whole
1977
Fillet
27
8
23
Whole
Other
1
3
1978
Fillet
375
18
151
45
136
1979
Fillet
30
103
168
Whole
70
Other
4
1980
Fillet
202
20
125
75
75
Whole
50
Other
2
5
1981
Fillet
213
35
30
89
70
Whole
1982
Fillet
181
18
30
75
101
Whole
72
Other
51
1
1983
Fillet
157
20
30
43
105
Whole
90
1984
Fillet
289
75
20
30
81
Whole
44
10
1985
Fillet
388
7
20
30
20
Whole
22
1986
Fillet
286
49
20
43
1987
Fillet
209
14
1988
Fillet
215
59
Whole
27
27
Totals
2855
479
302
10
540
449
980
NOTES:
[1] On* campl* generally ineludM 1-3 foh.
[2] 1970,1972,1973 data, and soma data from 1973 and 1975 takan from Spagnoti & Skinner, 1977.
STB Striped Bass AMEL American Eel PKSD Pumpkinteed OLOF Goldfish
LMB Largemouth Bass OLOF GoWftsh AS American Shad BB Brown BulViead
T*bi*iL3-3
-------
Table A.3-4
Hudson River Fish
Species and Percent Lipid
Average
Abbreviation
Species
Percent Lipid [1]
ALW
Alewife
7.6
ANED
Atiantic Needlefish
2.94
AS
American Shad
14.84
ATS
Atlantic Sturgeon
4.37
ATTC
Atlantic Tom cod
0.54
BB
Brown Bullhead
2.83
BBH
Blue back Herring
6.75
BLC
Black Crappie
0.82
BLUE
Bluefish
1.31
CARP
Carp
9.85
CHP
Chain Pickerel
0.15
GLDF
Goldfish
9.36
LMB
Largemouth Bass
1.31
NOP
Northern Pike
1.66
PKSD
Pumpkinseed
3.08
RB
Rock Bass
1.4
RBRS
Red Breasted Sunfish
1.4
RS
Rainbow Smelt
2.23
SMB
Smallmouth Bass
0.88
SNS
Shortnose Sturgeon
4.22
STB
Striped Bass
6.77
TML
Tiger Muskelunge
1.58
WC
White Catfish
5.37
WEYE
Walleye
1.81
WP
White Perch
4.95
WS
White Sucker
4.56
YP
Yellow Perch
0.7
NOTES:
[1] Av*r*s« calculated for all fish fillet MirtplM coHactad
lor Mch sp«ciM.
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Table A.3-5
Striped Bass, Total PCBs (ppm)
Lower Hudson
Lower Estuary (river mile 12-76)
River Mile 27
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Mean SE f1] 95% CB12]
n
Max.
Med.
Mean
SE
95% CB
1975
21
85.7
13.9
19.8
4.23
28.6
7
37.8
6.5
9.7
4.40
20.1
1976
110
169.9
6.0
12.0
2.24
16.4
51
169.9
6.2
14.8
4.51
23.8
1978
375
237.6
9.9
18.1
1.45
20.9
135
128.7
7.6
11.2
1.30
13.8
1979
30
26.2
4.8
6.7
1.07
8.9
30
26.2
4.8
6.7
1.07
8.9
1980
201
52.1
3.8
6.1
0.52
7.1
62
41.6
3.8
5.9
0.81
7.5
1981
213
39.5
3.0
4.8
0.40
5.6
30
14.8
3.5
4.3
0.63
5.6
1982
181
28.3
2.7
5.1
0.51
6.1
50
16.9
3.0
3.6
0.40
4.4
1983
130
32.9
3.7
4.8
0.38
5.6
50
32.9
4.1
6.0
0.87
7.7
1984
267
47.8
2.7
4.1
0.30
4.6
61
14.1
2.8
3.6
0.31
4.2
1985
338
60.3
3.2
5.4
0.36
6.1
65
31.2
2.8
3.8
0.55
4.9
1986
258
31.5
ao
4.5
0.28
5.0
60
15.7
2.3
3.1
0.34
3.8
1987
186
23.2
2.4
3.5
0.27
4.0
40
21.6
2.0
3.1
0.59
4.3
1988
193
28.5
2.7
4.0
0.31
4.6
40
17.2
2.1
3.1
0.45
4.0
Upper Estuary (river mile 91-153)
River Mile 153
n
Max.
Med.
Mean
SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Med.
Mean
SE
95% CB
1975
9
52.2
13.2
19.1
4.60
29.5
1976
1978
1979
1980
4
25.0
17.8
15.8
3.47
25.5
3
25.0
17.8
19.2
2.46
27.0
1981
1982
1983
20
56.8
4.4
8.3
2.73
14.0
1984
28
17.6
5.1
6.9
0.94
8.9
6
17.0
5.6
8.7
£38
14.5
1985
70
47.7
7.3
. 10.2
1.06
12.3
20
47.7
17.8
18.9
2.19
23.4
1986
64
51.9
11.2
13.2
1.34
15.8
36
51.9
14.4
16.4
1.64
19.8
1987
53
21.2
7.3
7.6
0.66
8.9
30
21.2
10.0
10.1
0.76
11.6
1988
30
16.2
4.8
6.3
0.86
8.1
8
16.2
11.9
10.4
1.57
14.0
NOTES:
Att oonoantraliono raportad In parte par mMon (ppm) watwaight
[1] SE ¦ Standard Eiror (Standard Dtviatfon dMdad by aquara root of N).
[2] 96% C8 » 96% uppar oonManea bound on maan: 96%C8 « moan +1{0.975) • SE.
Tabto JL3-5
-------
Table A. 3-6
Striped Bass Lipid-Adjusted
Arodor Concentrations (ug/g-fipid)
Aroclor 1016 [2]
Aroclor 1254 [2]
Ratio
Year
Number
Mean
Number
Mean
1254/1016
1975
12
341.9
23
204.5
0.60
1976
108
98.1
110
105.9
1.08
1977
2
132.0
2
384.4
2.91
1978
375
141.1
375
na2
0.84
1979
30
50.7
30
92.7
1.83
1980
207
41.1
207
121.5
2.96
1981
213
30.5
213
128.0
4.20
1982
181
23.0
181
87.5
3.81
1983
157
11.7
157
64.0
5.47
1984
350
17.3
350
71.2
4.11
1985
408
18.9
408
77.5
4.10
1986
322
14.0
322
71.4
5.11
1987
239
14.8
239
57.3
3.87
1988
223
9.2
223
52.6
5.70
NOTES:
[1] All MmptM oetlMted at mil* 153 and Mow.
(2] ArocJor adjuatad for lipid oontont at Mfnpto aoeofdtng to:
PCB(adjuatad)" PCS (Mmpi«)/9-4ipid (Mmpia)
-------
Table A.3-7
Total PCBs (ppm). Various Fish Species
. Lower Hudson
LARGEMOUTH BASS
River Mile 68
River Mile 112
Year
n
Max. Med. Ave. SE [1] 95% CB [2]
n
Max. Med.
Ave.
SE 95% CB
1975
1
23.7
23.7
1#
9.7
9.7
1977
27
85.9 26.4 29.5
3.65
37.0
1978
18
64.8 31.2
28.9
4.86
39.1
1980
20
3.1
0.9
r,o
0.15
1.3
1981
35
6.3
1.9
1.9
0.21
2.3
1982
18
5.1
2.3
2.3
0.25
2.8
1983
20
46.8
4.0
8.1
2.32
13.0
1984
20
26.3
3.3
6.7
1.61
10.1
1985
20
15.2
7.2
6.7
0.91
8.6
1986
20
35.9
10.2
11.1
1.89
15.1
1988
20
16.7
5.2
5.9
0.82
7.6
* - Sample collected at River Mile 110
-
PUMPKINSEED
River Mile 60
River Mile 142
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE 95% CB
n
Max. Med.
Ave.
SE 95% CB
1979
25
4.1
3.0
3.0
0.13
3.3
22
8.3
6.3
5.8
0.67
7.2
1980
25
7.2
4.9
4.6
0.29
5.2
25
22.5
17.0
16.7
0.48
17.7
1982
35
3.2
1.9
1.9
0.09
2.1
37
39.6
6.9
8.6
1.03
10.7
1983
37
3.3
2.6
2.5
0.06
2.6
53
25.4
6.4
6.9
0.55
8.0
1984
50
2.0
1.1
1.0
0.09
1.2
25
5.6
4.3
4.3
0.16
4.7
1985
21
3.9
2.8
2.8
0.15
3.1
8
5.7
3.9
3.7
0.52
4.9
1986
25
5.1
3.2
3.3
0.16
3.6
24
3.0
2.2
2.1
0.08
2.3
1987
14
3.2
2.4
2.4
0.10
2.6
1988
20
3.3
2.2
2.2
0.15
2.5
7
3.1
2.7
2.7
0.11
2.9
BROWN BULLHEAD
River Mile 112
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE 95% CB
1977
-
-
-
--
-
~ I
8
10.0
1.2
2.0
1.09
4.5
NOTES:
All concentrations reported in parts per million (ppm) wet weight.
[1] SE « Standard Error (Standard Deviation divided by square root of N).
12] 95% CB » 95% upper confidence bound on mean : 95%CB « mean + t(0.975) * SE.
Table AJ-7
-------
Table B.1-1
Water Quality Rating Criteria
Water Quality Assessment
Media/Parameters
Very Poor
Poor
Fair
Good
Excellent
Fish Advisory
Eat None
Limited Advisory
No Advisory
No Advisory
No Advisory
Macroinvertebrate
Assessment
Severely
impacted
Moderately
Impacted
Slightly
Impacted
Non-lmpac.
Non-Impacted
# of Water Quality
Parameters of Concern
>5
24
2-4
0-2
None
Toxicity Test
(# Toxic in Two Years)
>3
>2
1-2
None
None
# of Fish/Macroinvertebrate
Metals
Levels above Background
>4
23
2-3
0-1
None
# of Bottom Sediment
Metals
Levels above Background
>4
Ss3
2-3
0-1
None
Source: NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, Biennial Report
Rotating Intensive Basin Studies, Water Quality Assessment Program
for 1987-1988, December 1990. .
Table B.1-1
-------
Table B.I-2
Public Water Supplies on the Upper Hudson River
Supply Name
Owner City
County
Type
River
Mile
Design
Capacity
(mgd)
Current Average
Production
(mgd)
Winebrook Hills WD
Newcomb
Essex
M
0.0200
Waterford WTP
Waterford
Saratoga
M
158
2.80
1.1000
Queensbury WD
Queensbury
Warren
M
210
5.00
2.8000
Notes:
M m Municipality
WTP ¦ Water Treatment Plant
WD m Water District
Sources: NYS Department of Health (1991) and for design capacity
Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. (1984).
Tabto B.l-2
-------
Table B.l-3
Fish Species Occurrence Sumnary
Between Fort Edward and the Federal Dam
Common Name
Scientific Name
1933 1960 1970 1975 1983 1985
Alewife (M)
[American Eel (M)
Banded K1ll1f1sh
Black Bullhead (note 1)
Black Crappie
Blackchin Shiner (note 2)
Blacknose Dace
Blueback Herring (H)
Bluegill
Bluntnose Minnow
Bridle Shiner
Brook Trout
Brown Bullhead
Brown Trout
Central Mudminnow
Chain Pickerel
Comely Shiner
Common Carp
Common Shiner
Creek Chub
CutHps Minnow
Eastern Silvery Minnow
Emerald Shiner
Fall fish
Fathead Minnow
Gizzard Shad
Golden Shiner
Goldfish
ohnny Darter (note 3)
Largemouth Bass
Logperch
Longnose Dace
Northern Hog Sucker
Northern Pike
Pearl Dace
Pumpklnseed
Northern Redbelly Dace
Alost pseudoharengus
Anguilli rostrata
Fundulus diaphanus
Ictalurus melas
Pomoxis nigromaculatus
Notropis heterodon
Rhlnichthys atratulus
Alosa aestivalis
Lepoais aachrochirus
Pimephales notatus
Notropis blfrenatus
Salvelinus fontinails
Ictalurus nebulosus
Sal mo trutta
Umbra limi
Eso* nfger
Notropis aaoenus
Cyprinus carpio
Notropis cornutus
Semotilus atromaculatus
Exoglossum aaxillingua
Hybognathus regius
Notropis atherlnoldes
Semotilus corporal Is
Pimephales promelas
Dorosoma cepedianua -
Noteaigonus crysoleucas
Carassius auratus
Etheostoma nigrum
Hicropterus salmoides
Percina caprodes
Rhlnichthys cttaractee
Hypentellum nigricans
Esox Indus
Semotilus margarita
Lepomls gibbosus
Phoxlnus eos
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
T«bl« B.1-3
-------
Common Name
Table B.1-3 (continued)
Scientific Name
1933 1960
1970 1975 1983 1985
Redbreast Sunfish
Redfin Pickerel
Rock Bass
Rosyface Shiner
Satinfin Shiner
Sea Lamprey (H)
Silver Lamprey
Slimy Sculpin
Smallmouth Bass
Spotfln Shiner
Spottail Shiner
Striped Bass (M)
Tadpole Madtom
Trout-perch
Walleye
White Catfish
White Crappie
White Perch
White Sucker
Yellow Bullhead
Yellow Perch
isc. Shiners
jMisc. Minnows
[Total No. of Species
(H) migratory species
Leponis aurita
Esox americanus
Ambloplites rupestris
Notropis rubeJJus
Notropis analostanus
Petronyzon narinus
Ichthyonyzon unicuspis
Cottus cognatus
Micropterus dolonhtui
Notropis spilopterus
Notropis hudsonius
Morone saxatilis
Noturus gyrinus
Percopsis oniscoaaycus
Stizostedion vitreua
Ictalurus catus
Ponoxis annularis
Norone americana
Catostonus conmersoni
Ictalurus natal is
Perca flavescens
Notropis sp.
*
*
*
*
*
* *
*
*
*
*
*
V
*
*
*
* *
*
mm
* *
*
*
*
*
*
* *
*
*
* *
N *
*
V
*
•
*
*
*
* *
*
*
* *
*
*
*
* *
*
*
*
*
*
41
16
13
24
46 20
BNotes:
](1) Smith and Lake <1990) consider there Is only a remote possibility that
the Black bullhead actually occurs 1n the Hudson. He has been unable to
find specimens for verification of this mldwestern species.
(2) The BlackcMn shiner 1s listed as a species of Special Concern by the
NYSOEC (1991).
(3) Smith and Lake (1990) bftlleve that the true Johnny darter, a mldwestern
species, does not occur 1n the Hudson. The Tessellated darter was
formerly a subspecies of the Johnny darter. Given what Smith and Lake
state, It seems reasonable that the tessellated darter has been aisiden-
tlfled as the Johnny darter 1n the above cited studies.
References:
Greeley and Bishop (1933); DEC Annon. Report (I960); Lane Q970);
Shupp Q975); Makarewicz (1983); and Green (1985).
Tftbia B.1-3
-------
Table B.2-1
Current Permitted PCB Discharges
Upper Hudson River Drainage Basin
Faciiity/SPDES#
Receiving
water
Outfall
Final Effluent Limitations on PCBs
Frequency of
Sampling/
Type
Discharge Limitations
Period
Dally Avg.
Daily Max
Daily Avg.
Frequency
General Electric Co.
Old Fort Edward Site
Remediation Project
Fort Edward, NY
NY0202037
Old
Champlaln
Canal
001G - Treated
Groundwater
Monitor
0.5 ugli (ppb)
of PCB Aroclor
1242 or minimum
reliable
detection limit
Monthly
Grab
Monitoring
only (rto limits)
Monthly
7/86-
7/91
General Electric Co.
Capacitor Products
Division
Hudson Falls, NY
NY0202151
Unnamed
tributary
to Moses
Kill
001M - Leachate
from Ft. Miller
Landfill Site
Monitor
0.5/jg/lfor
total PCBs or
minimum reliable
detection limit
Monthly
Grab
Monitor
Monthly
7/87-
7/92
General Electric Co.
Capacitor Products
Division
Ft. Edward, NY
NY0007048
Hudson
River
004A - Final: treated
sanitary sewage, process
wastewater, cooling
water, boiler blowdown,
surface runolf and
contaminated groundwater (GW)
a. 0.0042 Ib/d
(during GW
pumping)
b. 0.0022 Ib/d
(no GW pumping)
a. 0.022 Ib/d
b. 0.022 Ib/d
PCB Aroclors
1016 and 1242
Dally
24 hour
comp.
Monitor
Continuous
3/85-
3/90
South Glens Falls
Mill
James River Corp.
One River Street
South Glens Falls,
NY
NY0007226
Hudson
River
001P - Process
Outfall
1//0/I
PCB-1242
Quarterly
24 hour
comp.
Monitor
Continuous
3/86-
3/91
Stevens & Thompson
Paper Co., Inc.
Greenwich, NY
NY0007013
Batten
Kill
001A - Process
Outfall
001Q - Final
Detection limit
of 0.065 /yg/1
for PCB-1242
(USEPA method 608)
0.00054 lbAi
Quarterly
24 hour
comp.
Monitor
Continuous
7/89-
7/94
The Columbia Corp.
Walloomsac Division
Rt.67
North Hoosic, NY
NY0005061
Walloomsac
River
(tributary
to Hoosic
River)
001A - Process
Wastewater Outfall
Detection limit-
effluent specific
(USEPA method 608)
Monthly
Grab
Monitor
Continuous
V
3/91 -
3/96
I
)e: NYSDEC SPDES Permits and Discharge Monitoring Reports (1991).
-------
Table B.2-2
Inactive Disposal Sties
Located near Upper Hudson River
Site
County
Type/Size
Hazardous Waste
Disposed of, Dates
Class
Code
Remarks/Sampling
Niagara Mohawk-
Queensbury
Corinth Road
Queensbury, NY
Warren
Open Dump/
.5 acre
PCBs (unknown
quantity)
2
a. Located approoc 0.8 miles upstream
of Queensbury WTP
b. Surface soils, rlverbank: PC8 conc. - 37,737 ppm
Sediment, river bottom: PCS conc. - 86.5 ppm
c. NM conducted partial clean-up of rtveibank
d. Contaminated soil eroding into Hudson River
West Glens Falls
PCB Disposal Site
Luzerne Road
Queensbury. NY
Warren
Landfill/
7 acres
PCBs (13,000
cubic yards)
1979
4
a. Chemical waste landfill with PCB capacitors
and contaminated sons
b. Monthly monitoring assures that PCB wastes are
contained, not released Into environment
Glens Falls Landlill
Luzerne Road
Queensbury, NY
Warren
Landfill/
15 acres
a. PCBs (unknown)
b. Ink sludges (approx.
5 tons)
1961 -1977
2
a. Municipal waste plus some PCB capacitors
b. PCB Aroclor 1016 at 62 ppb In downgradlent
monitoring well
Queensbury Landfill
Ridge Road
Queensbury, NY
Warren
Landlill/
50 acres
a. PCB capacitors
b. Wastes from Hercules
c. Heavy metal sludge
d. Phenols and Benzene
(a-d suspected)
2a
a. Active portion takes municipal waste from Town
of Queensbury
b. Inactive portion was neither lined nor closed
properly
c. Sand and gravel operation
d. Contaminated groundwater
e. Survey of nearby private wells In 1990
Luzerne Road Site
Luzerne Road
Queensbury, NY
Warren
Open dump/
1-2 acres
PCBs (unknown
quantity)
1958-1968
2
a. Former Junkyard with "¦•c^ps and burled capacitors
b. Capacitors and 13,00cTcu yd of contaminated soil
removed In 1979 and secured In West Glens Fans
' PCB disposal facility
c. Organic cap placed over site, 1980
d. GW contamination by PCBs, however, all area homes
are served by public water ^
¦v
SfrOT 100 dHH
-------
Table B.2-2 continued
Site
County
Type/Size
Hazardous Waste
Disposed of. Dates
Class
Code
Remarks/Sampling
General Electric-.
Moreau (fonnerty
Caputo Dump)
N. of Bluebird Rd.
Moreau. NY
Saratoga
Open dump/
1-2 acres
a. PCB liquid,
906.000 lbs
b. NiCd Batteries
(quantity not
stated)
1955 -1968
4
a. EPA ROD (1987) endorsed removal and encapsulation
of PCB contaminated soils and air stripper on
Reardon Brook water
b. 30 year maintenance and monitoring program
c. Site accepted for NPL
Moreau Landfill
West of Rt 9
Moreau, NY
Saratoga
Active
landfill/
55 acres
a. PCBs (suspected,
unknown quantity)
b. Paper Mill waste
(unknown quantity)
2a
a. Active landfill currently used for domestic waste
and paper mill sludges (with PCB conc. of 50-200 ppm)
b. Suspected dlspoeal of PC8 capacitors and septic
tank wastes
c. Leachate flowing Into surface water, running toward
river
d. Contaminated groundwater In immediate vicinity
Albany Waste Oil
Corporation
Watte Road Site
Clifton Park, NY
Saratoga
Lagoon/
±4 acres
a. Waste oil with
PCBs (unknown
quantities)
b. Waste solvent
To 1980
2
a. Action against GE and Niagara Mohawk
b. Significant PCB and petroleum contamination of
surface soils
c. Site fenced
d. Remedial action construction in 1990 followed by
post-closure monitoring and maintenance
South Glens Falls
Dragstrlp
Route 9
Moreau. NY
Saratoga
Open dump/
±40 acres
PCB oil
(11.000-
27.500 gal)
1960s-1970s
2
a. PCB laden OH used for dust control on track and
In parking lots
b. Sod contamination up to 1600 ppm of PCBs
c. GE/EPA pilot remediation study
d. Action: remedial investigation and remediation
Tee-Bird Country
Club
Reservoir Road
Moreau, NY
Saratoga
Open dump/
±0.75 acres
Waste oil with
PCBs (11,000-
27.500 gals)
3
a. Waste oil used to control dust In driveway
and parking areas
b. Soil samples reveal 0.04-6800 ppm of PCBs
c. Area paved to prevent volatilization, Interim
measure
d. Remedial Investigation needed
-------
Table B.2-2 continued
Site
County
Type/Size
Hazardous Waste
Disposed of. Dates
Class
Code
Remarks/Sampling
Whltestone Motel
Route 9
South Glens Falls,
NY
Saratoga
Open dump/
1 acre
Waste oil with
PCBs (unknown
quantity)
3
a. Waste oil used to control dust on parking lot
b. PCBs In soil up to 750 ppm
c. Paved in 1985, Interim measure
d. 1989 sampling— up to 13,000 ppm of PCBs
in soils
e. Remedial investigation needed
Hudson River PCB
Sediments
Hudson River
Fort Edward to Troy
Owner: NYSDOT
Saratoga
40 mile
stretch
of river
PCBs. approx.
500.000 lbs
by GE Fort Edward
and Hudson Falls
2
a. Site (Code 546031) of this USEPA study
b. Fishing ban in some areas of river
c. Action plan recommends research continue
on alternate technologies with ultimate goal of
permanently decontaminating sediments
Old Moreau Dredge
Spoil Area
West River Road
Moreau, NY
Owner: NYSOOT
Saratoga
Landfill/
8.9 acres
a. NYSDOT dredge
spoil from
Hudson
b. Plastic waste
from now defunct
paper plant
2a
a. Soil: PCB levels up to 40 ppm
GW: PCB levels up to 90 ppb
Monthly inspections by DOT and DEC
b. Contaminated GW discharging to Hudson and
may contrbute to ongoing fish
contamination problem
c. Site Is capped
Special Area 13
County Route 29
Moreau. NY
Owner: NYSDOT
Saratoga
Landfill/
12 acres
PCBs (191.000
cu yds at 75
ppm average)
1977-1978
2
a. PCB contaminated dredge spoils from Hudson
b. Leachate from the site discharges to GW
running towards the Hudson River and may
contribute to ongoing fish contamination
problem
c. Site Is capped
Moreau Dredge Spoil
Disposal Site
County Route 29
Moreau, NY
Owner. NYSOOT
Saratoga
Landfill/
12 acres
PCBs (100.000
cu yds at 1000
ppm average)
1977 -1978
2
a. Cell provides containment of solids with
two leachate discharges; site Is capped
b. Leachate recharging aquifer or discharging
via overland flow to Hudson River, may
contribute to ongoing fish contamination problem
-------
Table B.2-2 continued
Site
County
Type/Size
Hazardous Waste
Class
Remarks/Sampling
Disposed of, Dates
Code
Fort Edward Landfill
Washington
Landfill/
a. PCB capacitors
2
a. GE dumped approx. 850 tons of scrap
Burgoyne Avenue
9.1 acres
b. Paper mill waste
capacitors with PCB oil, approx. 78.7%
Ft Edward. NY
c. Paint waste
of total hazardous wastes at site
Total-1080 tons
b. Overburden aquifer contaminated with PCBs
and solvents
c. Proposed closure/remedial action
Old Fort Edward
Washington
Open dump/
a. PCBs, scrap
4
a. GE implemented remedial plan; leachate once
Landfill
1.5 acres
capacitors
flowed toward Old Ctiamplaln Canal; groundwater is
Burgoyne & Mclntyre
(310 tons)
now Intercepted and treated; In-place
Avenues
b. Paint waste
containment
Fort Edward. NY
1940-1952
b. GE to re-evaluate off-site impacts
Fort Miller Landfill
Washington
Open dump/
PCB capacitors
4
a. Operated as municipal burning landfill
Patterson Road
2-3 acres
(unknown
b. Closure completed In 1982
Fort Edward. NY
quantity)
c. GE operates an on-site leachate treatment
facility under a SPDES permit discharging to an
1953- 1965
unnamed tributary of Moses Kill
GE Capacitor Products
Washington
Open dump/
PCBs and other
2
a. PCB soli contamination is In a secured area
Division (Fort Edward)
10 acres
material
b. On and off-site GW remediation in progress
Route 4
(unknown
c. Parking lot covers spilled area
Fort Edward, NY
quantities)
d. Site rejected from NPL
1940S-1970S
Kingsbury Landfill
Washington
Landfill/
a. PCB capacitors
2
a. G«! disposed of apjprc.. 1900 tons of hazardous
Burgoyne Avenue
9.8 acres
(2190 tons)
waste (87% of the total)
Kingsbury, NY
b. Paper mill and
b. Leachate flowed Into private pond. Old
paint wastes
Champlaln Canal and feeder/tow canal
*
4
c. GW, surface water, and sediments Impacted
1930s-1977
d. On-site remediation In operation and
maintenance phase
-------
Table B.2-2 continued
Site County
Type/Size .
Hazardous Waste
Class
Remarks/Sampling
Disposed of, Dates
Code
GE Capacitor Products Washington
Open dump/
PCBoils
2
a. PCS contamination of 6W and soils; GW
Division (Hudson Falls)
25 acres
(unknown
flow and surface drainage are directly Into
Route 4
quantity)
Hudson River
Hudson Falls, NY
b. Interim remedial measure (IRM) for removal
To 1970s
of PCB sludge under building in 1989
Buoy 212 Washington
Landfill/
PCBs (77,000
2
a. Tempoary disposal area for dredge spoils from
NYS Routes 4 & 32
4 acres
cu yds at 75-
Hudson
Fort Edward, NY
100 ppm)
b. Monthly monitoring by DOT and DEC
Owner: NYSDOT
c. Contaminated GW probably discharging to Hudson
1977 -1978
River
Source: NYSOEC, "Inactive Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites in New York State," Volume 5 (1990).
-------
Table B.3-1
Studies of PCB Contamination in the Hudson*
Type of A—mint
Yearfs)
Ifloalnn
ll MlfuiH I.
Sediment Survevs
• Over 40 MHe Reach (>1,000 samples)
1976 • 1978
Ft Edward to Albany; Some
Lower Hudson
NYSOEC
• Approx. 9 Mil* Reach (62 Sample*)
1963
Thompson Is. Pool/Other
USEPA
• Approx. 5 Mile Reach (>2,000
•ample*)
1964
Thompeon Is. Pool
NYSOEC
• Selected Upper & Lower Hudaon
Areas (Dated Cor* Samples)
1960s
Upper & Lower Hudson
Lamorrt Doherty
Wver Row & Water Oualitv
• Rver Row (Dicharge)
1906 • Present
Upper Hudson to Hadtey
USGS
• Water Quality/Sediment/PCBs
—1975 -
Present
Hatfey to Green Island
USGS
• Oissolved & Solid-Phase PCBs
1983
Upper Hudson
Lamont Doherty/NYSDEC
Rsh/Biota
• Rsh Samples Prior to GE Hearings
1970 -1975
Upper Hudson and Estuary
NYSDEC, R Boyle,
USEPA, NYSDOH
• Rsh Collection/Analysis Program
1976 •Present
Upper Hudson and Estuary
NYSDEC
• Macroinvertebrate
1976-1965
Upper Hudson and Estuary
NYSDOH
tk
Late 1970s •
Early 1980's
R. Edward and Dump Sites
NYSDEC/DOH and Boyce
Thompson Inst
1986/87
Ft Edward Area
NYSOEC
Plant/Croo Uotake
• Tree spedes/Some Crop and Forage
Plants
Early 1980s
Ft Edward Area, Dump
Sites, Dam Tailwater
Boyce Thompson
In st/NYSDEC
• Perrenial and Crop Plants
1984/5
Hudson River/Albany Area
NYSDOH
Groundwater
1977
Dredge Spoils
Weston Environ.
Consultants/DEC
Baseline Remnant Remediation Studies
and Current GE lnv*«tia8t^onsI,
• Watsr Column
1969-1990
Near Remnant Anas
General Electric
• Sediment4
1969-1990
13 Upper Hudson Locations
General Electric
• Air
1969
Rsmnants, Ft Edward,
Farm
General Electric
• MuWpiate/Biota
1969
Near Remnant Areas
General Electric
'Adapted from Umburg et el. (1986).
"Additional remnant monitoring activities not neoessarily included.
CA portion of General Bectric's currant sediment sample results have been provided; oomplete raautts are unavailable at this time.
Table B.
-------
i
'^8
*-Q
85
1
IS 8 -
GO 0 ' O
i 8
IS
II I
3
f- *¦
s £
i:
15-s
8
39S |
3R55 §
oooooo
i*
IS
« 5*8 § 5k • 8 5 838
*» *§8 g %U K fe • IS98
« 988 i S« » 8 ? 8»8
ooeoooooooooooooououoo
• 8* • »«
ss§i§ §
w a»
II
8?
« •» -StS
ooooooooou
m
cs5
IS«
?! I
ss !
S3 «
R R R
I 1 I
IS I IS fc fc 15
j i I I i
fc fc fc fc
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R R S
R R
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-------
Table B.3-2 p^2of2
Hudson River Sediment Database Summary
TAMS/Gradlawt Oaf haa*fa1 Cttad In PuMWtad Raportofb] —J
Typ*ot No. PCS lotaWol
Montti Samole Samala* Analyeee 8oM*
wn|MP Pio*
Colaodon Data Tvsa Samolaa
Total 1963 [USEPA] Grab 12
Cor* 54
USEPA 1963 Grab 80
Cor* t12
AU364 G 36 8
C
SEP 84 Q 286 182
C
OCT 84 O 286 141
C
NOV 64 Q 163 184
C
V
NAI 1964 G 807
C 886
NAI Nov-84 C 12
Total 1964 Grab 733 475
Cora 406 1.183
Total* Grab 807
Cor* see
Total 1985
NV80EC February 198 Cor* 21
TOTALS Grab 1418 1,189 645
Cora 783 2JB8 1,133
TOTALS Al Z298 3,417 1,778
Grab 1,349
Cor* 842
? 480
Al 2*71
NOTES:
C Cor*
O Grab
? Sample Typa Not apceWad
USEPA U.S. Emfconmantal Protection Agoncy.
NYSOEC Nwv York StaiaDapaitnant of Environmental Conaarvalion.
NAI Normandaau AaaooMaa, Inc.
MPI Mafeofen Pimia, Inc.
SOURCES:
[a] TAMS/Qradiant 1978-78 data from NYSOEC oompular prim-out 1963 data from NUS (1964);
1984 from USEPA/NYSDECoomoutarfiiM
(b) 1978-78 aampUng round* reported In NYSOEC T*eh.RapL 86 (Tofflamira and Oufetn, 1979);
1963 & 1964 aamplaa eted in Brown at aL (1968).
Tibia B.3-2
-------
Table B.3-3
Comparison of Sediment Samples by River Mile
TAMS/QradientPslahaeo Cited in Reports [a]
FUver
Sample
Number
Date of Sample Collection
Number of Samples
Mile Point Reach
Type
of Sample*
(No distinction for Cores/Grabs)
NAJ
DEC*
< 153.9 0
0
37 [1]
9/77,3/78. 4/78, 6/78,
?
?
c
16 [21
6/77.11/77,1/78,2/78
?
?
153.9-159.5 1
G
84
10/76, 3/77,7/77,4/77,6/78, 9/76,1/77,8/77
0
7
C
10
9/76,6/77
9 #
2
159.5-163.4 2
0
16
10/76,5/77,9/76
13
4
C
11
6/77
10
2
163.4-165.8 3
Q
19
6/78,5/77
12
0
C
13
3/77, 6/77, 6/78
11
0
165.8-168 4
Q
38
6/78,5/77,8/77,9/77
24
4
C
19
3/77,6/77
18
1
168 • 183.2 6
0
69
5/77,10/76,9/76
292
14
c
69
3/77,6/77,6/78,9/76
60
6
183.2 • 186 6
Q
112
10/76,5/77,9/76,8/77,10/77
120
10
C
32
3/77,6/77,11/77,9/76
25
6
186-188.4 7
Q
59
10/76,11/77,6/78,10/77,9/76
0
60 .
C
30
6/78,3/77,6/77,11/77,9/76
23
4
188.4-193.7 8
Q
272
9-11/76, 3-5/77, 7/77, 9/77,11-12/77,6/78
211
18
C
81
9/76, 3/77, 6/77,11/77,6/78
67
13
-> 193.7 9
G
44
10/76,4/77, 7/77,11/77,3/78,4/78,6/78
0
9 ®
C
40
6/77, 6/78, 4/78
8
0
TOTAL
G
770
672
126
C
321
231
34
Thompson Is. 6
G
733
8/84,9/84,10/84,11/84
(1984 Survey)
C
406
Notes:
[•] - 1976-78 Results Reported in Tofflemire «nd Quinn (1879); 1984 results reported in Brown et al. (1988).
[1] « No river mile listed for any of thee* samples.
[2] » 10 of these sample* had no river mile listed. The others were at 153.5 or less.
* * Includes Sept 1976 NYSDEC survay, Ft Millar to Thompson Island NYSDEC survey,
Vibra Core Survey and miscellaneous 1977 samples, not summer 1978 samples
which significantly increase the samples in Reaches 1,3,4, and 9.
#» 4 cores and one tranaect were taken below the Federal Dam.
@ » 10 Malcolm Pimie transects- 4-5 grbs.
Tabto B.3-3
-------
Table B.3-4
PCB Levels In 1976-1978 Sediment Samples
Grab Samples
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1254
Total PCBe
Reach
N
Min
Max
Mean
Median
Min
Max Mean
Median
Min
Max
Mean
Median
Min
Max
Mean
Median
1
75
0.06
435
22.1
6.4
0.02
258
6.1
0.15
0.01
56
3.6
0.46
0.17
705
32
7
2
IS
1
71
10.6
6.2
0.22
5.7
1.3
1
1
2.6
1.3
1
3
75
13
6
3
12
2.9
340
46.1
21.5
1
23
3.2
1
1
21
3.0
1.05
4.9
384
52
24
4
33
1
250
27.6
9
1
130
7.2
1
0.84
14
2.6
1
3
268
37
11
5
83
0.02
73
9.1
1
0.01
9.3
1.7
0.01
69
8.5
2.4
0.04
85
19
9
e
111
0.06
1000
60.4
11
0.02
150
7.5
1
0.1
180
6.5
2.3
3
1121
74
22
7
51
0.09
250
32.0
14
0.05
97
7.3
1
0.01
260
10.4
2.4
2.28
319
50
20
8
259
0.06
2100
64.7
18
0.01
570
27.9
2.1
0.01
170
7.9
1.6
0.06
2684
101
28
9
35
0.02
1100
71.1
8.4
0.02
4.2
1.0
1
0.05
130
17.6
1.8
0.09
1214
90
14
Core Samples
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1254
Total PCBe
Reach
N
Min
Max
Mean
Median
N
Min
Max Mean
Median
N
Min
Max
Mean
Median
N
Min
Max
Mean
Median
0
24
1
1300
95.1
1.5
24
1
240
19.4
1
24
1
170
13.7
1
24
3
1710
128
3.5
1
36
0.04
180
10.9
1
36
0.01
1.8
0.9
1
36
0.03
42
1.3
1
36
0.06
184
13
3
2
15
1
29
6.7
2.8
15
1
1
1
1
15
1
11
2.8
1
15
3
35
11
5.4
3
26
1
78
16.5
5.6
26
0.04
2.4
1.0
1.1
26
0.07
15
2.4
1.1
26
3
91
20
8.1
4
51
0.23
91
14.4
2.5
49
0.02
22
2.2
1
50
0.01
36
3.0
1
51
0.4
114
20
4.2
5
230
0.02
220
9.2
1
230
0.01
57
1.7
0.1
230
0.01
25
1.3
0.3
230
0.09
224
12
2.7
6
107
0.01
1200
57.0
11
106
0.01
153
5.1
1
108
0.03
163
8.0
1
106
0.09
1205
70
13.3
7
93
0.02
580
43.7
7.3
93
0.01
180
10.2
1
93
0.01
67
6.9
1.8
93
0.06
783
61
14.4
8
316
0.02
1827
65.9
12.2
316
0.01
538
13.3
1
316
0.01
442
11.5
1.5
316
0.04
2273
91
20.9
9
87
0.07
680
26.6
5.5
87
0.5
46
5.6
1
87
0.5
160
14.4
1
87
Z1
841
47
10.7
Not*: All concentrations in ppm.
-------
TABLE B.3-5
1984 Thompson Island Pool Sediment Summary
Grab Samples
# Samples/
Standard
Parameter
# Detects
Min
Max
Mean
Deviation
Median
Aroclor 1242 (ppm)
287/287
0.1
1,348
38
99
15
Aroclor 1254 (ppm)
287/211
nd
51
1
4
0.3
Aroclor 1260 (ppm)
287/196
nd
95
2
7
0.2
Total PCBs (ppm)
288/287
nd
1,589
55
124
23
% Dry Solids
320/
11
83
62
17
68
% Volatile Solids
287/
0.5
35
6
6
4
Specific Weight (g/cm ~ 3)
320/
0.1
5
1
0.4
1
Core Sections
# Samples/
Standard
Parameter
# Detects
Min
Max
Mean
Deviation
Median
Aroclor 1242 (ppm)
561/391
nd
4,596
43
205
7
Aroclor 1254 (ppm)
561/154
nd
144
1
7
nd
Aroclor 1260 (ppm)
561/329
nd
57
2
5
0.2
Total PCBs (ppm)
614/422
nd
6,588
56
280
8
% Dry Solids
836/
10
98
66
15
71
% Volatile Solids
567/
0.6
55
7
6
6
Specific Weight (g/cm ~ 3)
835/
0.2
3
1
0.4
1
Note*:
(1) PCB concentration* are lor QC quarttitatad sampla* only; samples that war* mass-spec
acraanad but not QC quantitated ara not included.
(2) Norvdetect# countad as zaro in calculation of mean and standard deviation.
Table B.3-5
-------
TABLE B.3-6
Texture Classifications from 1984 SecSment Study
Texture Grab Core Total • ^
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
GRAVEL
380
51.8
366
28.4
746
36.9
FN-SND
184
25.1
341
26.5
525
26.0
FS-WC
29
4.0
197
15.3
226
11.2
CLAY
5
0.7
185
14.4
190
9.4
CS-SND
53
7.2
56
4.4
10!?'
5.4
GR-WC
18
2.5
58
4.5
76
3.8
CS-WC
25
3.4
26
2.0
51
2.5
MUCK
20
2.7
1
0.1
21
1.0
FS-GR
6
0.8
9
0.7
15
0.7
CS-GR
1
0.1
13
1.0
14
0.7
FS-CL
0
0.0
11
0.9
11
0.5
CL-GR
0
0.0
7
0.5
7
- 0.3
SILT
6
0.8
0
0.0
6
0.3
GR-CL
0
0.0
5
0.4
5
0.2
CL-WC
0
0.0
3
0.2
3
0.1
FS-CS
0
0.0
2
0.2
2
0.1
CS-CL
0
0.0
2
0.2
2
0.1.
WC-GR
0
0.0
2
0.2
2
0.1
FC-WC
1
0.1
1
0.1
2
0.1
SC-SND
1
0.1
1
0.1
2
0.1
WOOD
0
0.0
1
0.1
1
0.05
GR-MK
1
0.1
0
0.0
1
0.05
SAND
1
0.1
0
0.0
1
0.05
SC-WC
1
0.1
0
0.0
1
0.05
SILTWC
1
0.1
0
0.0
1
0.05
Total
733
100.0
1287
100.0
2020
100.0
* Taxturaa are abbreviations usad in fit* racaived from NYSOEC;
probable definition*; CL - clay
CS-coaraa
FN - fina
FS - firve or fina aand
GR - graval
MK • muck
SNO-aand
WC • wood chips
Table B.3-6
-------
TABLE B.3-7
GE Baseline Remnant Remediation Sediment Monitoring
#Samples/
Standard
Median
Location
#Detects
Min
Max
Mean
Deviation
C-1 Above Sherman Is. Dam
7/7
0.06
0.25
0.13
0.07
0.11
C-2 Below Bakers Falls
4/4
0.19
3.5
1.7
1.7
1.4
E-0 Remnant Area
4/4
0.17
99
42
49
34
E-1 Remnant Area
6/6
2.5
44
17
16
13
E-2 Remnant Area
4/4
3.7
11
7.6
3.0
7.9
E-3 Remnant Area
3/3
0.38
1.7
0.85
0.73
0.47
E-4 Remnant Area
5/5
0.82
9.3
4.3
3.2
3.2
E-S Rogers Is.
6/6
8.9
44
23
14
16
E-6 Nr. Lock 6
8/7*
<0.15
8.7
3.2
3.0
2.1
E-7 Nr. Waterford
6/5*
<0.05
4.2
1.1
1.6
0.64
Source: Harza/Yates & Auberle (1990).
Non-detected aroclors not included in sum for total PCB concentration.
Only aroclors 1242 and 1254 were detected ¦
* If no aroclors were detected in sample, sample detection limit was used in calculations.
Tablt EL3-7
-------
TABLE B.3-8
Total PCB's in Sediments - GE's 1990 Study
and Comparison to Earlier Studies
Ail Sections
(PCB Concentrations in ppm)
Hot Spot #/
Standard
GE#
River Mile
N
Min Max
Mean
Deviation
Median
3/14
193.9
1
0.87 0.87
-
-
-
5/H-7
193
150
0.1 2,188
118
310
7
6/4
192
8
4.9 427
143
178
61
14/5 and 18
190
23
0.8 2,921
386
677
126
16/6
189
9
8.9 428
202
170
172
18/7
188.5
11
42.6 3,661
965
1,335
570
19/8
188.5
10
11.3 5,310
804
1,630
136
28/9
185.5
9
0.1 238
41
77
4
31/10
184.5
7
0.5 51
11
18
5
36/11
169.5
29
0.7 630
107
171
37
39/12
163.5
9
10.7 297
76
90
61
40/13
163.5
9
8.6 283
107
94
84
Depth Averaged Cores
PCB
Concentration (ppm)
*
Hot Spot #/
GE Data
MPI
EPA
GE#
River Mile
[19901
[1978]
[1983]
3/14
193.9
0.87 (1)
5/H-7
193
103 (62)
62(6)
30(3)
6/4
192
203(3)
69(17)
55(7)
14/5 and 18
190
421 (8)
279 (20)
32(11)
16/6
189
237(3)
380(12)
46(4)
18/7
188.5
918(3)
94(9)
17(11)
19/8
188.5
619(3)
83(1)
28/9
185.5
27(3)
109 (18)
23(4)
31/10
184.5
16(3)
516(3)
36/11
169.5
125(8)
51 (11)
39/12
163.5
85(3)
161 (3)
40/13
163.5
136(3)
62(1)
Derived from data provided by GE at meeting with EPA and it* consultant* on Feb. 28,1991.
* Number* in parentheses are number of sampler
Tabto B.3-8
-------
Table B.3-9
Daily Flows for Upper Hudson USQS Gauging Stations
USQS Station
Period of Record
Average Daly
Flow
(cfs)
Maximum Dally
Flow
(cfs)
Minimum
Daly Flow
(cfs)
Hudson River at Hadley
(#01318500)
10/1/1921 -
9/30/1990
2,919
38,100
292
Sacandaga River at
Stewarts Bridge
(#01325000)
10/1/1907 -
9/8/1990
2.138
33,500
5
Hudson below
Sacandaga River'
(#01318501)
10/1/1921 -
9/8/1990
5,057
52,400
309
Hudson River at Fort
Edward
(#01327750)
12/1/1976-
9/30/1990
5.244
34,100
652
Hudson River at
SchuytervBle
(#01329650)
10/1/1977 -
9/30/1979
7.448
42,100
932
Hudson River at
Stllwater
(#01331095)
3/10/1977-
9/30/1990
6,559
44,100
900
Hudson River at
Waterford
(#01335754)
10/1/1976-
9/30/1990
7.933
62,000
1,170
Hudson River at Green
Island
(#01358000)
10/1/1946 -
9/30/1989
13,642
152,000
882
' Hudson below Sacandaga River Is a "dummy* station formed by adding Hudson River at HacHey and
Sacandaga River at Stewarts Bridge.
Table B.3-9
-------
Table B.3-10
Suspended Sediment Monitoring Summary
Station
Sediment
Sediment load
Fines %
Concentration (mg//)
(tons/day)*
(% < .062 mm) V
Fort Edward
n - 424
n - 379
0
1
c
(01327755)
a « 9.1
a - 520.5
4/21/75-
o
*
ii
E
m « 48
9/1/89
s - 13.4
s - 1155
min * 0
min * 0
max «= 93
max * 8443
•i
Fort Miller
n - 42
n - 42
n-" 0
(01328730)
a - 7.2
a - 146
6/13/86-
m « 5
m * 79
9/11/89
s - 6.2
s * 163
min = 1
min * 13
max = 28
max « 591
Schuylerville
n - 287
n - 284
n - 35
(01329650)
a » 18.6
a « 1232
a - 76.7
3/24/76-
m * 7
m «= 110
m « 75
9/15/89
s - 6.2
s - 2371
s - 12.8
min *> 0
min * 0
min = 52
max = 150
max « 12185
max - 100
Stillwater
n - 424
n « 424
n - 23
(01331095)
a - 21.2
a »= 1365
a - 73.6
3/14/76-
m = 7
m - 126
o
CO
N
E
9/15/89
s - 33.1
s - 3027
s - 24.7
min = 0
min * 0
min « 0
max = 206
max - 16881
max - 98
Waterford
n - 585
n - 543
n - 116
(01335770)
a - 62.5
a - 7890
a » 81.6
8/29/75-
m * 12
m - 433
m * 86.5
9/15/89
s - 140
s - 23919
s - 16.7
min « 1
min - 6
min « 0
max - 1000
max - 177638
max - 100
Kev n: number of samples
a: average
m: median
s: standard deviation
min: minimum
max: maximum
* Sadimant lead calculated from USGS maasuramanu of inatantanaou« sadimant concentration and daily avaraga discharga.
Daily avaraga discharge at Fort Miliar, SchuylarviUa and Stillwater aatimatad from USGS monitoring station at Fort Edward.
Table B.
-------
Table B.3-11
Total PCBs In the Water Column - USGS Stations
Fort Edward
(#01327785)
Fort Miller
(#01326730)
Schuyiervlile
(#01329650)
Stllhmter
(#01331095)
If
«s &
Period of Record
1977-1988
1966-1969
1977-1969
1977-1969
1975-1969
Sample size
432
36
291
368
419
# detects
273
32
212
276
328
Detection
frequency (%)
63
89
73
75
78
Average* fcig/J)
0.15*
0.04*
0.26
029
0.23
Std Oev. (pg//)
3.70
0.04
0.39
0.43
026
Maximum (pg/0
77.0
0.17
3.6
5.1
2.0
Average* (mo//)
0.13*
0.04
0.25
0.28
022
Notes:
Reported PCB detection limit 0.1 jig// through Sept 1966,0.01 \iq/l thsraaftsr.
* Average with nondetects reported at detection limit.
' Average with nondetects reported as one half detection limit
• Low value attrbutabie to short period of record.
'Averagee for Fort Edward calculated omitting single observation reported at 77 i»g//. With inclusion of this
value, averagee are 0.33 and 041 pg//.
Table B-S-tt
-------
Table B.3-12
Current (1986-89) Average Water Column PCB
Concentrations - USQS Stations
MEAN CONCENTRATION (i»g/J)
Method of Noncletoct Analysis
Station
Nondatact »
1/2 DaL Um.
Adjusted
Maximum
Likelihood
Log Probit
Method
Fort Edward
0.053 (.107)
0.047 (.063)
0.053 (.107)
Fort Mller
0.043 (.040)
0.043 (.047)
0.043 (.040)
Schuylervflle
0.038 (.033)
0.036 (.030)
0.036 (.030)
StBlwaler
0.037 (.031)
0.034 (.036)
0.033 (.028)
Waterfocd
0.030 (.025)
0.029 (.021)
0.028 (.019)
Upper 95% Confidanca Intarval on Maan
Station
Nondatact ¦
1/2 DaL Um.
Adjusted
Maximum
Likelihood
Log Probit
Method
Fort Edward
0.075
0.060
0.075
Fort Mller
0.056
0.058
0.056
Schuylervflle
0.046
0.044
0.044
Stillwater
0.045
0.043
0.040
Watarford
0.035
0.034
0.032
-------
Table B.3-13
Summer Average Water Column PCB Concentrations (pg/J)
USGS Monitoring Statlona
Year
Rogers Island
at Fort Edward
Schuylsrville
Stillwater
Waterford
*
1975
-
-
-
0.40 (0.10) [3]
1976
-
-
-
0.72 (0.46) [6]
1977
-
0.66 (0.57) [15]
0.74 (0.31) [15]
0 42 (0.24) [17]
1978
0.22 (0.10) [19]
0.73 (0.23) [6]
0.57 (0.26) [11]
0.48 (0.31) [16]
1979
0.17 (.092) 127J
0.80 (0.29) [7]
0.59 (0.14) [16]
0.38 (p.10) [15]
1980
0.18 (0.11) [35]
0.32 (D.11) [16]
0.32 (0.11) [16]
0.30 (0.27) [28]
1981
.097 (.030) [35)
0.16 (0.11) [20]
0.17 (0.12) [19]
0.14 (0.10) [15]
1982
0.11 (.031) [16]
0.13 (.071) [13]
0.12 (.045) [15]
0.12 (0.12) [13]
1983
.060 (.076) [11]
0.15 (.087) [13]
0.12 (.066) [14]
0.12 (.048) [201
1984
•089* (-) [9]
0.14 (0.28) [10]
0.16 (0.19) [10]
.074 (0.13) [9]
1985
0 -11* (—) [5]
0.15 (.098) [6]
0.12 (.055) [7]
<0-10* (-) [5]
1986
— (—) [0]
<0.10* (-) [9]
— (—) 10]
— <—) 10J
1987
.045 (.035) [2}
0.06 (—) [1]
0.06 (—) [1]
0.06 (.014) [2]
1988
.035 (.025) [16]
.048 (.060) [9]
.029 (.018) [9]
.033 (.015) [7]
1989
.026 (.007) [10]
.038 (.011) [13]
.045 (.012) [12]
.033 (.015) [10]
Al Data from USQS Stations.
Values in () brackets are standard deviations; [] brackets give number of samples.
Averages calculated by Robust Log Probtt Method to account for nondetects, except tor the feilowfng:
•Only one observation greater than detection RmR, avenge calculated by setting nondetects to one
half of detection limit
*AN obeervations were less than detection limft, which Is shown.
Tabte B.3-13
-------
Table B.3-14
Upper Hudson Yearly Fish Count [1]
Year
Sample
STB
PKSD
LMB
BB
AS
AMEL
GLDF
Other
1970 12]
Unknown
n 1
1972 [21
Unknown
>
1970-2 [2]
Unknown
1973 12]
Fillet
Unknown
1975 12]
Whole
2
6
Fillet
1
3
Unknown
3
2
49
1975
Fillet
3
1
'2
47
Whole
2
8
Other
1
2
1976
Fillet
1
2
Whole
1
18
1
17
9
1977
Fillet
16
60
14
90
Whole
Other
4
2
2
1978
Fillet
7
30
11
60
30
1979
Fillet
30
72
52
Whole
33
Other
8
1980
Fillet
3
26
51
4
29
54
Whole
49
Other
2
2
6
20
1981
Fillet
1
30
32
Whole
75
1982
Fillet
20
30
20
20
24
Whole
77
Other
1983
Fillet
2
24
48
26
35
Whole
95
1984
Fillet
6
25
50
39
11
73
Whole
11
5
1985
Fillet
20
27
41
37
18
20
Whole
16
1986
Fillet
36
45
39
80
8
11
11
1987
Fillet
30
38
8
53
36
1988
Fillet
8
20
63
20
6
Whole
89
Totals
114
491
337
582
9
32
234
620
NOTES:
(1] Upper Hudson Samplas Rivar MBa 153-205, auppliad by NYSOEC.
(2) 1970, 1972, 1973 data, and soma data from 1973 and 1975 takan from Spagnoli & Skinnar (1977).
STB Stripad Baaa A MEL Amarican Eal PKSD Pumpkin#* ad GLDF Goldfiah
LMB Largamouth Baaa GLDF Goldfish AS Amarican Shad BB Brown BuHhaad
Table B.3-14
-------
Table B.3-15
Average Aroclor Levels in Upper Hudson Fish
(1975 -1£
88 NYSDEC Samples, River Mies 153-195)
Species
Number of
Samples (N)
Average %
Lipid
Aroclor 1254
(ppm)
Aroclor 1016
(ppm)
Aroclor 1221
(ppm)
Largemouth
Bass
372
1.43
8.9 (11.7)
14.1]
17.0 (37.2)
[3.3]
1.3(3.6)
[0.14]
Brown
Bullhead
525
3.07
6.0 (6.3)
[3.6]
10.8 (23.0)
[3.5]
1.3 (3.6)
[0.20]
Goldfish
(Carp)
234
9.65
32.0 (34.3)
[19.0]
91.6 (185)
[21.1]
13.1 (37.7)
[1.6]
Pumpkinseed
347
2.58
3.5 (1.8)
[3.0]
6.3 (4.4)
[4.7]
0.13 (0.15)
[0.08]
White
Perch
195
6.09
10.9 (7.9)
(8.2]
28.4 (45.6)
[8.2]
2.9 (5.0)
[0.40]
Yellow
Perch
88
0.97
5.7 (10.1)
[2.2]
14.1 (31.9)
[4.31
0.67 (0.69)
[0.371
(1986 - 19
88 NYSDEC Ssmples, River Mies 153-195)
Species
Number of
Samples (N)
Average %
Lipid
Aroclor 1254
(ppm)
Aroclor 1016
(ppm)
Aroclor 1221
(ppm)
All Fish
540
4.26
6.8 (8.9)
[3.6]
3.7 (6.1)
[1.8]
0.5(2.1)
[0.08]
Total PCBs: S - 10.9
(ppm) Sk ¦ 14.1
- 12.0
A rod or concentrations ara reported aa ppm wet weight. Values in () brack at* ara the aample standard deviation; [ ] brackets
show the geometric mean.
X, a, - mean and standard delation.
t.n - Upper >5% confidence bound on the mean (!« » X + t^* a^N"*).
Tabl»&S>tS
-------
Table B.3-16
Total PCBs (ppm) in Largemouth Bass
Upper Hudson - NYSDEC Monitoring
River Mile 153-155
River Mile 175
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95%
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95%
[1]
CB [2]
m
CB [2]
1975
4
40.8
20.5
26.2
5.8
42.8
1976
18
164.4
60.0
72.0
9.6
92.4
1977
2
35.2
18.3
16.9
232.7
16
234.9
67.7
70.0
14.5
101.0
1978
30
369.7
142.8
153.1
14.9
183.4
1979
30
18.9
2.9
5.0
0.9
7.0
1980
1
18.0
18.0
25
66.9
6.3
10.4
2.8
16.1
1981
1982
20
23.9
2.3
3.6
1.1
5.9
1983
20
20.8
5.6
6.7
1.1
9.1
1984
20
22.6
4.5
6.3
1.3
9.1
1985
21
26.6
8.0
9.2
1.5
12.5
1986
21
15.7
5.0
6.0
0.9
7.9
1987
8
3.9
1.6
2.0
0.5
3.1
1988
19
17.5
2.2
3.6
1.0
5.8
20
7.0
1.4
2.5
0.5
3.6
River Mile 190-195
River Mile 200-205
•
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95%CB
1975
1976
1
104.5
104.5
1977
2
82.5
67.7
67.7
14.8
255.7
1978
1979
1980
2
38.9
31.7
31.7
7.2
123 4
1981
1982
1983
2
17.8
15.8
15.8
2.0
41.3
1
0.1
0.1
1984
30
68.9
16.0
18.7
2.6
24.1
1985
20
61.4
14.3
20.2
3.5
27.4
1986
18
19.3
9.8
9.9
1.3
12.6
1987
1988
20
22.3
8.6
8.8
1.4
11.7
NOTES:
All concentrations reported in parts per million (ppm) wot weight.
11) SE - Standard Error (Standard Deviation divided by square root of N).
12] 95% CB - 95% upper confidence bound on mean : 9S%CB » mean ~ t(.975) * SE.
Table B.3-16
-------
Table B.3-17
Total PCBs (ppm) in Pumpkinseed
Upper Hudson - NYSDEC Monitoring
River Mile 153-155
River Mile 175
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave. SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95% CB
[1]
[2]
[1]
(2)
1976
1
5.5
5.5
1977
1978
7
13.8
9.4
9.5 1.1
12.2
1979
16
25.4
19.4
19.9
0.6
21.2
1980
25
30.8
20.3
21.7
0.8
23.5
1981
49
22.4
14.7
14.3
0.7
15.7
1982
43
18.7
8.9
9.0
0.4
9.8
1983
45
15.1
9.9
10.1
0.3
10.6
1984
25
12.0
8.1
7.9
0.3
8.5
1985
22
11.6
7.0
7.6
0.4
8.4
1986
21
9.6
6.2
6.4
0.3
7.0
1987
14
6.9
2.8
3.2 0.5
4.3
1988
25
7.3
5.3
5.0
0.2
5.5
River Mile 190-195
River MOe 200-205
Year
n
Max.
Med.
Ave. SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95% CB
1979
17
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.02
0.4
1980
24
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.02
0.6
1981
26
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.01
0.4
1982
34
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.03
0.3
1983
50
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.01
0.4
1984
1985
21
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.02
0.3
1986
24
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.04
0.4
1987
11
9.2
2.2
3.9 0.9
5.9
13
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.01
0.2
1988
41
20.3
3.3
6.4 0.8
8.1
23
2.6
0.2
0.3
0.10
0.5
NOTES:
AH concentration* reported in part* per million (ppm) wet weight.
[11 SE » Standard Error (Standard Deviation divided by equare root of Nl.
(2) 95% CB « 95% upper confidence bound on mean : 95%CB » mean + t(.97S) * SE.
Tibia B.3-17
-------
Table B.3-18
Total PCBs (ppm) in Brown Bullhead
Upper Hudson - NYSDEC Monitoring
%
River Mile 153-155
River Mile 175
—1T-
Year •
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Med.
Ave.
SE
95% CB
(11
(21
11
(2)
1975
1
12.7
12.7
1976
1
8.2
8.2
1977
30
110.2
33.2
37.9
5.1
48.3
30
242.2
V)B.3
107.0
9.2
125.9
1978
11
43.2
20.2
25.2
3.2
32.2
1979
22
48.0
4.8
7.1
2.1
11.4
30
61.5
4.2
8.8
2.3
13.4
1980
21
7.8
1.8
2.0
0.4
2.8
30
30.1
11.9
12.3
1.2
14.8
1981
30
12.6
3.1
4.4
0.6
5.5
1982
10
12.6
4.0
4.9
1.1
7.3
20
27.6
9.5
10.3
1.2
12.8
1983
24
14.7
6.8
7.6
0.7
9.0
20
28.0
17.0-
16.8
1.2
19.3
1984
19
9.3
2.2
3.0
0.5
4.0
20
27.7
8.4
11.0
1.4
13.9
1985
18
12.5
4.2
4.5
0.6
5.8
19
41.5
13.2
15.0
2.3
19.8
1986
16
4.9
2.8
2.7
0.3
3.3
23
26.4
11.6
11,9
1.0
13.9
1987
15
5.9
1.1
1.6
0.4
2.3
1988
23
4.1
2.2
2.4
0.1
2.7
20
37.3
9.2
10:2
1.6
13.7
River Mile 190-195
River Mile 200-205
Year
n
Max.
Median
Ave.
SE
95% CB
n
Max.
Median
Ave.
SE
95% CB
1975
2
70.3
60.4
60.4
9.8
185.4
1977
1978
1979
20
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.05
0.3
1980
1981
1982
1983
2
0.2
0.2
0.07
1.0
1984
1985
1986
20
102.4
29.6
38.3
5.0
48.7
21
1.4
0.6
0.6
0.06
0.7
1987
24
27.7
13.3
. 13.5
1.6
16.9
14
1.3
0.1
0.2
0.08
0.4
1988
20
51.3
13.3
15.4
2.3
20.3
NOTES:
All concentration* reported in parts par million (ppm) wet weight.
[1] SE ¦ Standard Error (Standard Daviation divided by square root of N).
[21 95% CB - 95% upper confidence bound on mean : 95%CB » mean ~ t(.97S) * SE.
Tabic B.3-1
-------
Table B.3-19
Upid-Based Total PCBs [1]
for All Fish Species
NYSDEC Database
UPPER HUDSON (River Mile 153-195)
Up^er 95%
Number
Standard
Confidence
Year
Samples [2]
Maximum
Median
Averaae
Error [3]
Bound [4]
1975
27
5251
1011
1885
300.8
2505
1976
49
16504
1263
1810
328.3
2467
1977
189
39968
1829
2767
248.0
3256
1978
142
99861
1345
2913
708.3
4301
1979
150
4883
483
710
62.4
834
1980
211
3762
708
879
'¦ 47.4
972
1981
111
1301
381
360
20.9
401
1982
157
2020
338
403
24.6
451
1983
174
1600
415
451
23.7
498
1984
220
4533
263
484
42.9
568
1985
158
2700
266
448
39.5
526
1986
180
3201
347
518
39.7
596
1987
138
4302
152
335
42.2
418
1988
222
2467
271
430
27.8
484
LOWER HUDSON (River Mile 0-152)
1973
1
5089
5089
1975
47
2154
268
345
61.1
468
1976
178
1575
81
146
16.0
177
1977
64
6178
1343
1567
163.0
1893
1978
725
4342
129
310
17.6
344
1979
375
1431
70
130
9.1
148
1980
554
1835
85
144
7.4
159
1981
438
1827
120
173
9.5
192
1982
478
1798
99
139
6.8
152
1983
445
1620
82
138
8.3
154
1984
549
646
62
103
4.7
112
1985
487
1340
52
97
6.1
109
1986
398
1040
59
105
6.6
118
1987
223
326
45
63
3.6
70
1988
289
604
39
75
5.8
86
NOTES:
Sample* for which no lipid information was avail abia wara not uaad in thia aummary.
(1] AH eoneantrationa raportad in micrograma total PCS* par gram of fiah lipid.
PCB(adj) - PCB(aampia) * 100/%Upid(aampia).
(2] All fiah apaoiaa inohidad in aummary: frog, crab, and unknown apaoiaa ida ratification ara axoKidad.
(3] SE ¦ Standard Error (Standard Daviation dividad by aquara root of n).
{4] Uppar 95% eonfidanca bound ontha maan - Moan~ t(.975)#SE.
Tabic B.3-19
-------
Table B.3-20
Other Chemicals in Fish Samples
#Non-
Average
Median
Chemical
#Samples
#Detects
Detects
Cone, [ppm]
Cone, [ppm]
Aldrin
32
0
32
0
0
Arsenic
31
0
31
0
0
Cadmium
81
35
46
0.12
0
Chromium
31
19
12
0.10
0.05
Copper
45
33
12
1.86
0.62
Dieldrin
3994
293
3701
0.001
0
Endrin
189
5
184
0.001
0
Heptachlor/epoxide
215
63
152
0.005
0
Hexachlorobenzene
167
104
63
0.004
0
Lead
31
19
12
0.37
0.41
Mercury
192
180
12
0.55
0.37
Mirex
3968
7
3961
1E-06
0
Nickel
25
0
25
0
0
Total Chlordane
168
49
119
0.008
0
Total DDT
3947
686
3261
0.02
0
Total Hexachlorocyclohexane
140
51
89
0.005
0
Total Nonachlor
3946
326
3620
0.003
0
Zinc
81
69
12
16.61
10.7
Data from Or. Ron Sloan (NYSDEC) contained in 1h« TAMS/Qradi«nt database.
Tabic B.3-2C
-------
Table B.3-21
PCBsin Air
LOCATION Sampling
Period
PCS Concentration
(ug/cam)
min. max.
Comments
Samples
Rafaranoe
Ft Edward Ar«a early-mid 1970'*
0.3
1
threefold decrease measured
when QE halted use of PCBs
Umburg (1984)
Ft Edward Area
Caputo dump 1879
Ft Millar dump
Remanent Area
Moraau & Sit* 3A
Bouy 212
Old Moraau w/o Site 3A
130*
24*
9*
5.8*
0.7
0.3
300
35
10
15
?
?
?
?
?
?
* « average
? - not reported
NYSDECTech. Paper 63 (1981)
Caputo Dump
Before Capping
Altar Capping
118*
0.26*
20
7
Shen (1982)
LOCK 6 tallwater 1978
1981
0.073
0.02
0.180
0.064
3
12
Samples immediately
adjacent to the river
Buckley and Tofflemire (1963|
8/80-9/80
nd
0.11
nd
nd
0.52
nd
2
2
2
Aroclor 1221
Aroelor 1242
Aroclor 1254
8/81 - 9/81
nd
0.031
nd
nd
0.06
0.0013
7
7
7
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1284
Fort Edward Araa
Look 7 8/86
Ft Edward Landfill
Site 0
Burgoyne Ava School
0.063
<0.007
<0.007
NA
30
3D
3D
2D
2 • 3 sets of duplicate grab
samples over 4 hour*
at each site (4 • 6 samples)
NA - not available
Draft Joint Supplement to the
Final EiS (USEPA/NYSDEC. 1967)
#Det/#8ampie*
Kingsbury Landfill 4/87 • 5/87
nd
nd
0.49
0.52
76/105
5/105
Aroclor 1018/1242
Aroclor 1248
NYSDEC (June 23.1967)
Memo from W.Wobeter to
J. VanHoeeen
Ft Edward Araa 1989
(A2 - north of remnant 3)
(A4 - east of remnant 5)
(AS - 2 ml. aouth of Ft Edward
near Dead Creak)
<.060
<.050
<.050
ooo
3/84
3/84
1/84
Aroclor 1260
QE Baseline Monitoring Study
(Haiza, 1990)
Other NYS Location*
Lake Placid (rural)
East Rochester (industrial)
Niagara Fatte (induatrial/reeidentiaQ
Syracuee (urban)
Renaeelaer (urban/industrial)
Poughkeepeie (residential/Hudson River)
Hempstead. Long Is. (urban)
Brooklyn (industrial)
Staten Is. (residential)
0.0069
0.0039
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.005
0.0062
0.0072
368 Sample* Statewide
Aroclor 1016/1242 & 1254
were predominant spades;
Aroclor 1221 -1 sample
Aroclor 1260 not detected.
NYS Toxic* Air Monitoring
Report (1982-4)
Tabi* 8.3-21
-------
Table B.3-22
PCBs in Plants
Location
Sampling spidii
Total PC8 Cone,
(mo/fco- dry watahfl
fWwwa
Backaround Levels
Ava.
#Samplaa
WaahiogtorVSaraloga CoundM
Sap-79
alfalfa/hay
0.0S
+/-
0.015
12
(rapraaantativa raaulta)
radctovar/hay
0.06
+A
0.013
6
pafannial rya/hay
0.06
+A
0.012
JU
oom / laawaa
0.06
+A
0.006
com/allaga
0.02
+A
0.003
6
oom/graln on aara
<0.001
6
timothy/hay
0.06
+A
0.014
6
broma graaa/hay
0.12
+/•
0.022
6
trambling aapa«Vtaavaa
0.09I
+/-
0.013
8
larga tooth aapan/laavaa
0.09
+/•
0.006
6
atag aumac/laaflata
0.10
• > /.
j
0.007
14
am.aumactfaaflata
aio
~A
0.006
6
gotdaorodflaavaa
0.29
+A
0.045
15
WaahlngtofV8antogaCounliaa
Sap>78
goldanrod
ox
+A
0.026
4
(Umatranda)
Sap-79
0.25
+A
0.045
15
Sap-60
0.16
+A
0.023
6
8ap-78
trambltng aapon
0.12
+A
0.01
2
Sap-79
0.09
+A
0.013
8
Sap-60
0.07
+A
0.014
8
PCS Concontraiiona
Hudson Studv Area Samdes
(mg/Vg-dry wt)
a
¦pan
aumao
goldanrod
8amplaa Naar (<1200 m)
Sap-79
SKa 1
0.1
0.11
0.26 '
Pattaraon Rd. PCS dump.
SNa2
1.2
1.3
3.5
Fort Millar, Now York
SMa3
1.32
2.06
4.45
S*a 4
19.1
56.5
*
Slla 5
S6i
68.6
182
8ap-60
amoettv/ataghom aumae
5.20
60 m from aourea
Bueklay (1967
Bueklay (1983]
Bueklay (1962)
124 m
130 m
140 m
160 m
210 m
230 m
100 150 200 2S0
DMano* From Source [m]
LOCKS (NaarTsUmtcIm)
1978
1961
Air [u0/ou.m.]
PC8 ConoMMfoni
(m^cg-dry trt mcaptab) #
min max SamptM Buckley and
1.36 1.68 2 Tofflamlra (1963
2.43 1
0073 ai6 3
Air [ufl/cg.m.1
0.42
026
0.015
1.07 9
033 2
0.064 12
T«blt B.3-22
-------
Table B.4-1
Flood Recurrence Intervals at Fort Edward .
Recurrence Interval
(years)
Peek Row*
1930-1990 data
(cfs)
Daily Ave. Row"
1930-1990 data
(cfs)
Peak Row
FEMA (1984)
(cfs)
5
29,234
27,588
10
33,316
31,272
38,800
25
38,046
35,484
50
41,306
38,351
48,300
100
44,372
41,021
52,400
500
50,952
46,667
62,200
Water year 1930-1976 flows at Fort Edward estimated from peak and daily flows in the Hudson
River at Hadley and daily average flows in the Sacandaga River at Stewarts Bridge; post 1976
flows at Fort Edward have been measured at Rogers Island.
'Estimated using a Log-Pearson Type III extreme value distribution (USGS, 1982).
Table &4-1
-------
Table B.4-2
Regression Analysis: PCBs in Water Column
log (PCB)
- a + ft •
Q + ft* 1/Q + ft* TSS + ft* YR + ft» MO
+ e
High Row Model Parameters
a
ft ft ft
A
A
Fort Edward
(>11,000 cfs)
SE - 0.74
R2 - 0.25
4.027
5.6x10-* -
-0.0912
Schuylerville
(> 12000 cfs)
SE = 0.85
R2 - 0.45
9.19
5.0 x 10* - 0.012
-0.153
Stillwater
(>16,000 cfs)
SE - 0.73
R2 « 0.63
14.499
-6.05 X104 0.0062
-0.176
0.14
Waterford
(>19,200 cfs)
SE - 0.75
R2 = 0.64
13.071
6.1x10-* -
-0.207
Low Row Model Parameters
Fort Edward
(<11,000 cfs)
SE = 0.71
R2 = 0.42
9.487
1059.5
-0.153
Schuylerville
(<12,000 cfs)
SE = 0.72
R2 - 0.65
16.761
2047.3
-0.237
Stillwater
(<16,000 cfs)
SE = 0.68
R2 - 0.69
17.793
1730.9
-0.249
Waterford
(<19,200 cfs)
SE • 0.66
R2 - 0.70
16.222
1714.63
-0.231
PCB - concentration of PCBi in water (pg//)
Q - daily average flow (cfe)
YR - year since 1900
MO » calendar month of year
TSS » auspended eediment concentration (mg//)
t m random error term
Nondetecte are set to 112 of the detection limit.
-------
Table B.4-3
Published PCB Mass Loading Past Waterford (kg/yr) ^
i
Year
Tofflemire (1980)
{Watar Yaarl*
Brown & Werner (1983)
tCalandar Yaar)
Barnes (1987)
(Watar Yaar J*
1877
2,900
3,000
2,100
1978
1,900
1,800
2,200
1979
4,100
2,800
2,400
1980
1,100
600
800
1981
680
1,000
700
1982
700
. 700
1983
" 1,100
1984
700
1985
300
1986
100
All fiflurtt roundad to two significant digit*.
•Water Year is measured from October 1 - September 31.
Tabic B.4-3
-------
Table B.4-4
Estimated TAMS/Gradient Yearly Average PCB Loads (kg/year]
Calendar
Year
Fort Edward
Schuyierville
Stillwater
Waterfdgd
Uncorrected
Mean
Corrected
Mean
Uncorrected
Mean
Corrected
Mean
Uncorrected
Mean
Corrected
Moan
Uncorrected
Mean
Corrected
Mean
1977
n »0
6200
n-33
4600
a-1308
7200
n-35
3800
a-1428
7900
n-52
4100
a-1146
1978
400
n-48
570
a-52
3000
n-12
2700
a-489
2400
n-31
3200
e-e":,v
2600
n-31
2000
8-327
1979
1200
n-34
730
s-144
12000
n-15
4600
a-12836
8300
n-36
3300
a-901
8000
n-37
3200
a-787
1980
1000
n-53
310
• -27
2100
n-15
1100
a-312
1600
n-28
990
a-225
1500
n-43
720
a-84
' 1981
730
n-58
260
8-17
5400
n-34
940
a-356
3400
n-33
950
a-150
3600
n-25
670
s-96
1982
1400
n—49
440
a-49
2300
n-34
770
a-106
4700
n—44
920
a-169
3200
n—33
730
a-158
1983
4200
n-42
1700
a-2083
3900
n—42
1100
e-280
6300
n-50
2000
a—858
3900
n-51
980
s-172
1984
910
n-16
580
a-57
1900
n-30
640
e-140
2800
n-32
1200
a-250
1000'
n-39
740
8-110
1985
290
n-15
370
a-70
330
n-15
290
a-39
330
n-17
300
e-42
220
n-6
200
s-37
1986
438
n—8
820
a-611
400
n-11
390
a-80
400
n-11
340
8-100
730
n-11
410
8-46
1987
2100
n«1S
200
a-72
1200
n-10
300
a-57
1400
n-8
570
a-198
800
n-23
460
s-66
1988
150
n-35
120
a-36
110
n-20
190
a-26
150
n-23
140
a-37
150
n-21
140
8-35
1989
400
n-23
170
a-54
260
n-20
220
a-38
260
n-19
210
a-33
260
n-26
210
e-35
Nondatacta included at H the detection limit.
Abraviatioiw:
n — number ofmaasurementa
a « standard daviation (kg/yr)
Tabla B.4-4
-------
Table B.4-5
Trends in Aroclor Concentrations at River Mile 175 (pg//)
(Mann Kendall Trend Test)
Medians
Year
Largemouth Bass
Brown Bullhead
Pumpkinseed
Goldfish
Aroclor
1254
Aroclor
1016
Aroclor
1254
Aroclor
1016
Aroclor
1254
Aroclor
1016
Aroclor
1254
Aroclor
1016
1975
6.99
14.31
7.99
4.66
-
-
-
-
1976
23.06
34.4
3.5
4.68
3.85
1.62
33.92
74.87
1977
12.3
50.1
13.45
85.1
-
-
59.8
450.5
1978
32.35
102.0
-
-
-
-
34.05
139.0
1979
1.32
1.5
1.765
2.72
6.74
12.4
-
- '
1980
3.01
3.27
6.1
5.37
6.0
14.5
30.65
27.65
1981
-
-
-
-
4.41
9.87
-
-
1982
1.14
0.965
4.84
3.6
3.5
5.3
5.73
3.015
1983
3.4
2.11
8.535
6.755
3.78
6.18
7.46
2.675
1984
2.91
1.17
4.31
4.53
2.24
5.46
17.2
8.67
1985
3.93
3.57
5.14
6.67
2.59
4.435
14.75
3.745
1986
3.3
1.6
7.2
3.5
3.11
2.97
0.65
1.87
1987
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1988
1.065
0.27
3.905
3.57
2.15
2.77
-
-
S*
-26
-30
-5
-9
-31
-21
-22
-24
Prob
.087
.046*
.76
.53
.007*
.073
.028*
.016*
"ManrvKandall Trand ta»t "S* atatiatic.
'A atatiaticaHy aignieant daclina in PCS concentrations ara indicated at tha 96% eonfidanca lavai.
Table B.4-5
-------
Table B.6-1
Exposure Assumptions: Fish ingestion
Exposure Parameter
Value
Average Daily Intake (g/d)
30
Exposure Frequency
daily
Exposure Duration (yr)
30
Exposure Concentration (mg/kg)
1986 • 1988 Mean*
30 Year Projected Mean*
12.0
1.5
Absorption Fraction (%)
100
Average Weight Over
Exposure Duration (kg)
70
Average Lifetime (yr)
70
°Uppar 95% confidanca bounds on tha moan for all fish Rivar Mlaa 153 * 190.
'Uppar 95% oonfid«ne« bound* on tha moan (aaa B.4).
Table B.6-2
Exposure Assumptions: Dermal Contact with Sediments
Age Group
Parameter
1 -6
7-18
Adult
Skin Surface Area for
Contact (cm2)
3,931
7,420
5,170
Sediment to Skin Adherence
(mg/cm*)
1
1
1
Exposure Frequency (d/yr)
7
24
7
Exposure Duration (years)
6
12
12
Exposure Concentration*
(mg/kg)
66.2
66.2
66.2
Absorption Fraction (%)
3
3
3
Average Weight Over
Exposure Duration (kg)
15
42
70
Average Lifetime (years)
70
70
70
*Uppor 95% oonfldanoa bound for aurfaoa aodimant - Thompson Wand Pool.
Tables B.6-1 ft B.6-2
-------
Table B.6-3
Exposure Assumptions: Sediment Ingestion
Age Group
Parameter
1 -6
7-18
Adult
Daily Sediment Intake (mg)
200
100
100
Exposure Frequency (d/yr)
7
24
7
Exposure Duration (yr)
6
12
12
Exposure Concentration
(mg/kg)
66.2
66.2
66.2
Absorption Fraction (%)
100
100
100
Average Weight Over
Exposure Duration (kg)
15
42
70
Average Lifetime (yr)
70
70
70
"Upper 95% confidence bound for surface sediment
- Thompson Mend Pool
Table B.6-4
Exposure Assumptions: Dermal Contact with River Water
Age Group
Parameter
1 -6
7-18
Adult
Skin Surface Area for
Contact (full body) (cm3)
6.880
13,100
18,150
Permeability Constant
(cm/hr)
3.2 x 10*
3.2 x 10*
3.2 x 10 2
Exposure Frequency (d/yr)
7
24
7
Duration of Event (hr/d)
2.6
2.6
2.6
Exposure Concentration
0/g/fl
0.06
0.06
0.06
Exposure Duration (yr)
6
12
12
Average Weight Over
Exposure Duration (kg)
15
42
70
Average Lifetime (yr)
70
70
70
Table* BjS-3 C Bj£4
-------
Table B.6-5
Cancer Risk Estimates
Pathway
Chronic Daily
Intake
(mg/kg-d)
Cancer \
Risk
Fish Consumption
[a]
[b]
2.2
2.8
X
X
10*
10"*
M M
X X
10*
10*
Drinking Water
7.3
X
10-7
'¦¦J
6 x
10*
Sediment - Dermal
Age 1-6
8.6
X
10"7
7
X
10*
Age 7-18
3.9
X
10*
3 x 10*
Adult
4.8
X
10"7
4.
X
10*
5.3
X
10*
4
X
10*
Sediment - Ingestion
Age 1-6
1.5
X
10*
1
X
10*
Age 7-18
1.8
X
10*
1
X
10*
Adult
3.1
X
10'7
2
X
10*
3.5
X
10*
2
X
10*
River Water Contact
Age 1-6
3.8
X
10*
3
X
10*
Age 7-18
1.8
X
10*
1
X
10*7
Adult
4.3
X
10*
3
X
10*
2.6
X
10*
2
X
10-7
'Scenario 1: 1986-1988 upper 95% confidence bound on mean.
tScenario 2: 30 year mean trend.
Table B.6-5
-------
Table B.6-6
Hazard Quotient Estimates
Pathway
Average Daily
Dose
(mg/kg-d)
Hazard
Quotient
%
»Fish
[a]
5.1
X
10"5
51
[b]
6.4
X
10*
6
Drinking Water
1.7
X
10*
' -j
<1
Sediment — Dermal
Age 1-6
1.0
X
10*
<1
Age 7-18
2.3
X
10*
<1
Adult
2.8
X
10*
<•1
Sediment - Ingestion
Age 1-6
1.7
X
10*
<1
Age 7-18
1.0
X
10*
<1
Adult
1.8
X
10*
<1
River Water Contact
Age 1-6
4.4
X
10*
<1
Age 7-18
1.0
X
10"7
<1
Adult
2.5
X
10*
<1
'Scenario 1: 1986-1988 upper 95% confidence bound on mean.
'Scenario 2: 30 year mean trend.
Table BjS-C
-------
Table B.6-7
Epidemiological Studies: PCB Carcinogenicity in h
umans
Population
Number/Sax
Studied
Results
gUMaly
fi ¦ ¦!»¦¦¦>
aignaani
*—»—~-«»
pnapomtj
References
Employees of a
petrochemical plant
where PCBa wara usad
72 (sex NR. 31 with
high exposure)
Three cases of malignant melanoma
(2 cases in heavily expoeed group,
only 0.04 cases expected).
Yes (melanoma)
Bahn et al.,
1977; Bahn
et al, 1976
Workers in two plants
whara PCBa wara usad
in the manufactura of
alactrical capacitors
2567 total (1309
females, 12S8
males)
Excess mortality for rectal cancer (4
observed vs. 1.19 expected) and
liver cancer (3 observed vs. 1.07
expected), although neither excess
was statistically significant.
No
Brown and
Jones, 1981
»
Update of previous study
with 7 years additional
observations
2588 total (1318
females, 1270
males)
A statistically significant excess in
deaths was observed in the disease
category that includes cancer of the
liver, gdl bladder, and biliary tract (5
observed vs. 1.9 expected; j> <
0.05). Most of the excess was
observed in women employed in
one plant.
No (review of
pathology
reports found
that 2 liver
tumors were not
primary tumors)
Brown,
1987
Workers in a plant
engaged in the
manufacture of
capacitors impregnated
with PCBs
2100 (1556
females, 544
males)
For male workers, cancer deaths (14
observed vs. 7.6 expected) were
significantly increased, as were
deaths due to cancer of the
gastrointestinal tract (6 observed vs.
2.2 expected); in female workers,
cancer deaths (12 observed vs. 5.3
expected) and hematologic
neoplasms (4 observed vs. 1.1
expected) were significantly higher
than expected compared with the
local population.
Yes; males and
females: (total
cancer deaths);
males only:
(gastrointestinal
tract cancer);
females only:
(hematologic
neoplasms)
Bertazzi et
al., 1987
Swedish capacitor
manufacturing workers
exposed to PCBs used
as capacitor dielectricum
142 males
No indication of any excess
mortality or cancer incidence in this
study population.
No
Gustavsson
et al., 1986
Patients in the state of
Ohio with ocular
melanoma
698 (ca. 50% of
each sex)
The distribution of ocular melanoma
was fairly uniform throughout Ohio;
no correlation was seen between the
distribution of PCBs and the
incidence of ocular melanoma.
No
David orf
and Knupp,
1979
Yusho patients in Japan;
persons exposed to
PCBs as tha results of
contaminated cooking oil
1665 (sex NR)
Malignant neoplasms accounted for
the largest number of deaths in
Yusho patients (11 of 31 deaths);
stomach and liver cancer were listed
as contributing to the cause of death
in 5 patients.
No
Urabe et
al., 1979
Tabl* B.
-------
Table B.6-7 (eont.)
Population
Number/Sax
Studied
Results
Statistically
Significant
(eodpoint)
Asfsflsnoes
Yusho patients in Japan;
person exposed to PCBs
as the result of
contaminated cooking oil
1761 (874 females,
887 males)
Significant increase in total canoer
mortalities for males, but not
females. For cancer of the liver, an
increased mortality was noted in
males (9 observed vs. 1.61
expected) and in females (2
observed vs. 0.36 expected), but the
excess was statistically significant
only in males. Significant increase
in cancer of the respiratory system
in males. Elevated mortality form
malignant stomach neoplasms In
males.
Yes; males only
(total cancer,
liver canoer,
respiratory
system canoer)
fceda et a!.,
1986;
Kuratsune
et a!., 1987
Workers in a Monsanto
PCB production plant
89 (sex NR)
No liver canoers among 30 deaths;
statistically significant increase in
circulatory disease in white males.
Yes; males only
(circulatory
disease)
Brown,
1987; Zacfc
and Musch,
1979
Workers at an electric c
apacitor manufacturing
facility exposed to PCBs
in dielectric fluid
3588 total (2742
males, 846
females)
Statistically significant excess of
melanoma (8 cases observed, 2
cases expected, p < 0.001).
Nonsignificant excess of canoers of
the brain and nervous system (5
cases observed, 2.8 cases
expected). Statistically significant
association between mortality from
brain cancer and cumulative PCB
exposure (p < 0 001)
Yes (melanoma,
brain cancer)
Sinks et al.,
1990
Workers at a transformer
manufacturing facility
that used PCBs
1073 total (800
males, 273
females)
For workers in an 'ever exposed" job
excess mortality from brain canoer
(4 cases observed, 0.8 expected, p
» 0.01), and prostate cancer (S
cases observed, 1.2 cases expected,
p - 0.008) was reported for workers
ever in high intensity, frequent
exposure jobs excess mortality was
reported for lymphatic and
hematopoietic tumors (2 cases
observed, 0.7 cases expected, p «
0.139)
Uss. 1990
Note: NR « not reported
Source: Adapted from Silberhorn et el., (1990).
Table B.6-7
-------
Table B.6-8
Epidemiological Studio Non-Cancer PCB Effect* in Humans
population Stated
Number
Expoaur* and
Ouraiion Data
——
People potentially
exposed to PCBt,
dioxins, and furans
from Binghamton, NY
electrical transformer
fire
482
Ym
(1) One year after exposure: no clinical
evidence of expoaure-retated disorders. Levels
of Hver enzymes and lipida aignificantfy
correlated with aarum PCB concentrations, but
associat'on disappears after adjustment for
relevant covariables. (2) Three years after
axpoaura: number of deaths, cancers, fetal
deaths, and infanta with low birth weight were
similar to comparieon populations. S^r ^cant
increaae In aeif-reported weight loaa, n-.s-acle
pain, frequent ooughing, akin color changee,
and nervousness or sleep problems.
RtzgeratdiLet
a!., 1988 *
Rtxgeraid at
al.. 1888
Cross-section study;
infanta with Bayley
Seaiaa of Infant
Development test
aooraa available
802
Yaa;
tranaplaoantal
axpoaura data
and axpoaura
dua to breast
feeding
KSgher tranaptaoental exposure to PCBa
aaaodated with lower psychomotor scores at
both 6 months and 12 months of age.
Exposure through breast feeding waa not
ralated to test scores.
Qladen et al.,
1988
Baetrical transformer
rapairman axpoaad
to PCB*
55
axpoaad,
S6controle
Yaa; aarum
PCB levels
and adipose
tissue PCB
levels
meaaured
Statistically significant positive correlation
between serum PC8 and gamma-glutamyl
transpeptidase, and negative correlation
between adipoae PC8 and 17-
hydroxyoortioosteroid excretion.
Emmattet al.,
1988
Naonataa
transplacental
axpoMd to PCBa
912
Yea
Birth weight, head circumference, and neonatal
Jaundice showed no ralattonahip to
transplacental PCB exposure, higher
transplacental PCB axpoaura waa aaaodated
with hypotonictty and hyporeflexra aa
measured by the Braxetton Neonatal Behavioral
Aaaeaament Scales.
Rogan et al.,
1988
Capacitor workers
occupational ly
expoMd to PCBa
NR (in
abatract)
Yea; serum
PCB levels
meaaured
Foroed vital capacity and forced expiratory
volume at one second were correlated with
PCB expoaure and serum PCB levels (lower
homoiogs) in females (but not in males) during
period when PCB expoaure waa occurring, but
not three years following termination of
expoaure.
Lawton et al.,
1988
Capacitor workara
occupational^
axpoaad to PCBa
NR ()n
abatract)
Yea; plasma
levels of total
PCBa
mMSUfiG. VI
addition,
levels of hlgh-
chlorinated
homoiogs and
low-
chlorinated
homoiogs
measured.
Liver function tests showed significant
correlation between LDH and aarum leveia of
both total PC8 and the Nghlytchiorinated
homoiogs In female workara. Among male
workera, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidaae
(gamma-OTP) constated significantly with
serum leveia of the highly-chlorinated homoiog,
and, in a fOHowmp teat with total PCBa. Both
male and female workera ahowed Incroaaed
incidenoe of abnormal gamma-GTP leveia.
Rschbein,
1985
Table B.6-C
-------
Table B.7-1
Estimated Ecological PCB Exposure Levels for Indicator Species
Indicator
Species
Ambient
Water*
U/g in
Ambient
Sediment*
U/g/g)
Concentration in
Diat
(P0/0)
Body Tissue
Level
Uiglg)
Benthic Organism
Chironomid larvae
0.034 • 0.06
66.2
NA
5- >7
(H)
(M)
NA
IM)
Benthic Fish
Brown Bullhead
0.034 - 0.06
66.2
NA tMstaxtl
2.3 - 48.7*
(H)
-------
Table B.7-2
Summary ofObservad PCB Effaces in Biota
Spadaa
Arodor
Conoarttration
Madkim
EffaetaMamarka
Rafaranoa
Plankton/Alga*
unspadfiad
NS
1.3 - 2,000 nil
watar
NS
US EPA (1980)
graan aio««
1254
0.1 - 10 nil
watar
raduoad growth C-
fixation
USEPA (1980)
amphipod
1242
30 nil
ioo mqii
watar
no affacts
complata mortality
Borgmann at a/.
(1990)
Daphnia magna
1248
12S4
1.2 f/gll
2.5 nn
watar
tathal
tathal
Eialar (1986)
Macroin vartabra tas &
Insacts
Chironomid larvaa
1254
0.5 - 1.2 nil
watar
NS
Eialar (1986)
mosquito larvae
1254
i .5 nil
watar
inhibitad larval
amarganca
Sandars and
Chandiar (1972)
crayfith
1242
1254
30 nil
\oo nn
watar
7-day LCM
7-day LCW
Mayarafa/. (1977)
Fraahwatar Rsh
rainbow trout
1248
1254
3.4 nn
27 nn
watar
25-day LCU
25-day LCK
Mayar af a/. <1977)
bluagiM
1248
1254
78 nn
177 nn
watar
30-day LCW
30-day LCu
Mayar af a/. (1977)
channal catfish
1248
75 nn
watar
30-day ICU
Mayarat a/. (1977)
brook trout, baaa
NS
0.7- 1.5 nH
watar
mortality
USEPA (1980)
laka trout
NS
1 n'a
diat
raducad aurvival
WMford at a/. (1981)
rainbow trout
NS
0.4 n<9
body
tissua
raproductiva
impairmant
Eialar (1986)
0.33 nlQ
•00
raducad hatch; fry
daformitiaa
Eialar (1986)
Marina Rsh
Atlantic Salmon
NS
0.6 - 1.9 nlQ
agga/fry
46 • 100% mortality
NOAA (1990)
Atlantic Salmon
NS
1.9 - 6.5 nlQ
(lipid)
•00*
no affacts
NOAA (1990)
Baltic floundar
NS
>0.12 nio
ovariaa
raproductiva faitura
NOAA (1990)
Starry floundar
NS
0.218/0
ovariaa
raduoad raproductiva
aueoaaa; MFO
induction
NOAA (1990)
Stripad Baaa
NS
gonad*
raproductiva failura
NOAA (1990)
Tabia B.7-2
-------
Table B.7-2 (com.)
Species
Aroctor
Concentration
Medium
Effe eta /Remarks
Referenoe
Birds
bob whit*
NS
604 • 6,000 figlg
diet
acuta LOfo
Baler (1986) ^
mallard duck
NS
1,975-3,182
Ifl/Q
diet
•cute LDU
Baler (1986)
leghorn chicken
1242
20 • 80 ftglg
(5.4 - 6.2 ig/g)
diet
(egg yolk)
reproductive/behavioral
alteration* (chronic)
Britton & Houston
(1973)
leghorn chicken
1242
0.4 j/g/g
whole egg
reduced hatchablKty
' \J
Kubiek (1991) -
Calculated from
Britton 4 Houston
(1973)
cowbirda, gracklea,
starling*, blackbird*
12S4
349 - 763 ftglg
1,500 >/g/g
brain
tiesue
diet
mortality
no mortality
Stiekel at at. (1984)
cormorants
NS
76- 180 fig/g
brain
mortality
Baler (1986)
Mammals
mink
1254
0.64 //gig
diet
reproductive
impairment
Platanow It Karstad
(1973)
NS
2/jg/g
diet
reproductive feilure
Aulerich & Ringer
(1977)
1242
1254
8-6 (/gig
6.7 j/g/g
diet
long term LDU
Ringer (1983), Bslar
(1986)
NS
«1 /iglg
(0.225//g/gBW-
day)
diet
(dose)
reproductive
impairment
Ringer era/. (1973)
Plants
soybean
1254
1 -1,000 pg/g
aoil
decreased
height/biomass
Weber at at. (1979)
duckweed (aquatic)
1242
5,000 fig II
100,000 ttgH
water
decreased colony
formation
complete growth
inhibition
Mahanti (1975)
Not**: NS m Not Specified
HQ'! - PPb
Mglg m ppm (wet weight in diet/tissue; dry weight in »oil/«edirr>*nt)
Tabla B.7-2
-------
Table B.7-3
Summary of Proposed Ecological Guidelines for PCBs*
Medium or
Organism
Basis
PCB
Concentration
Reference
Water (Fresh)
%
y
EPA Ambient
Criteria (AWQC)
chronic exposure/uptake
(mink as sensitive species)
0.014 pg//
U.S. EPA (1980) *
EPA Ambient
Criteria
acute exposure
(based on IC*,)
2 nil
U.S. EPA (1980)
NYS Ambient
Criteria
chronic exposure
(based on acute LC*,)
0.001 m H
NYSDEC (1985)
Sediments
AET & COA*
<1 PQ/Q -
1.141 //g/g
NOAA (1990)
Equilibrium Partitioning (EP)*
•0.4 pg/g
(@ 1 % organic
carbon)
NOAA (1990)
Fish
body tissue
reproductive impairment in
fish
0.4 jjqIq
USFWS (Eisler, 1986)
body tissue
hazard to fish-eating wildlife
(LOEL: 0.64 pg/g
concentration in mink diet)
0.13 /ig/g
NYSDEC (Newell era/.,
1987)
egos
decreased egg hatch; fry
deformalizes
0.33 j/g/g
USFWS (Eisler, 1986)
Birds
diet
high PCB levels in Owl eggs
3//g/g
USFWS (Eisler, 1986)
brain
bird mortality
54 PQ/Q
USFWS (Eisler, 1986)
whole egg
decreased egg hatch
0.4 iiglQ
USFWS (Kubiak, 1991;
pars, comm.)
Mammals
mink*
dose
1.54 ig/kgwrd
USFWS (Bsler, 1986)
Notes: mil " ppto
W/g » ppm (wet weight In dM/Hnui: dry weight In Ni/Mbmni)
¦NONE OF THESE VALUES ARE ENFORCEABLE STANDARDS.
kAET end C0A methods m beeed on PCS eoooeotretion in mAimm and biological Motion.
*EP mothod boood on oedimem* water chemical partitioning; value given io that which yieide port weter oonoontration of Arodor
1254 equal to ambient water quality criteria (0.014 j/g//) for 1% organic oartoon oontent in sediment.
iPtetanow and Karetad (1973) report a Lowest Observed Effects Level (dietary intake) of 0.S4 jig/g.
Table B.7-:
-------
Table (X2-1
Remedial Technologies and Process Options
Sediment
General
Response Action
Remedial
Technology Type
Process Options
Non-Removal
Containment
Capping
Clay/Silt/Sand/Cement
Active Materials
Geotextiles
Multimedia Cap
Retaining Structures
Dikes/Berms
Sheet rang
In-Situ Treatment
Chemical/Physical Treatments
Biodegradation
No Action (with
Institutional Controls)
Removal
Excavation
Clamshell
Watertight Clamshell
Dragline
Scraper
Dozers & Loaders
Bucket Wheel
Backhoe
Qradall
Dredging
Mechanical
Clamshell
Watertight Clamshell
Dragline
Dipper
Bucket Ladder
Backhoe
Hydraulic
Cutterhead
Plain Suction
Dustpan
Hopper
Sidecasting
Bucketwheel
Special Purpose
Mud Cat
Airlift
Pneuma
Oozer
Clean-up
Refresher
Waterless
Hand Held
Matchbox
Source: Compiled front information supplied by equipment manufacturers anc
USEPA (1990a).
-------
Table C.2-1 Continued
Remedial Technologies and Process Options
Sediment
General
Response Action
Remedial
Technology Type
Process Options
Treatment
Physical
Soil Aeration
Centrifu gallon
Solvent Extraction *
Solidification/Stabilization
In-Situ Adsorption
Molten Glass
Steam Stripping
Liquified Gas Extraction *
Vitrification
Distillation
Acid Leaching
Wet Air Oxidation
Chemical
Alkali Metal Dechlorination *
Electrolytic Oxidation
Hydrolysis
Chemical Immobilization
Polymerization
UV/Ozone/Ultrasonic
Thermal
Thermal Desorption
Electric Reactors
Fuel Blending
Industrial Boilers
Fluidlzed Bed Incineration
Infrared Incineration
Liquid Injection Incineration
Molten Salt Incineration
Multiple Hearth Incineration
Plasma Arc Incineration
Rotary Kiln Incineration
Pyrdysls Processes'
Supercritical Water Oxidation
Biological
Bioreactors
Composting
Land Farming
Disposal
On Site
Confined Disposal Facility
Upland
Lined Landfill
Oflslte
Permitted Disposal Facility
* Treatability study recommended in Phase 2.
-------
TABLE C.3-1
POTENTIAL CtCNICAL-SPECIFIC ARARS AM) CRITERIA, ADVISORIES ANO GUIDANCE
HedWAuthoritv Requirement
status
Requirement Synopsis
Consideration In the RI/FS
Wattr
Federal
Regulatory
Requirements
New York State
Standards
Federal
Criteria,
Advisories, and
6u1dance
Air
Federal
Regulatory
fiequlrements
New York State
Federal
Criteria,
Advisories, and
6u1dance
Sediment
New York State
Federal Food, Drug
and Cosmetic Act
6NVCRR701
Federal Ambient
Water Quality
Control (AWQC)
CAA - National
Anblent Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS)
40 CFR 50
Clean Air Act
(6NVCRR 256 and
257)
Threshold Unit
Value (TLV)
Sediment Criteria
Oecember 1989
Relevant and This sets forth FDA limit of 2 ppi
Appropriate " for PCB concentrations In
caMnerclal fish and shellfish.
Applicable Establishes water quality standards
for various classes of surface
water.
Applicable Federal AWQC are health-based
criteria developed for 95
carcinogenic and noncarcloogenic
compounds.
Relevant and These standards were primarily
Appropriate developed for particulates and
fugitive dust emissions.
Applicable Establishes an air quality
classification system and air
quality standards.
To Be These standards were Issued as
Considered consensus standards for controlling
air quality In workplace
environments.
To Be Guidance document used by the
Considered Bureau of Environmental Protection,
Division of. Fish and Wildlife, for
evaluating contaminant levels in
sediment.
To be determined.
Potential ARAR will affect treatments which
discharge to area surface waters.
To be determined.
Standards for particulate matter will be used
when assessing excavation and emission
controls for sediment treatments.
Standards for emissions from remedial
activities.
TLVs could be used for assessing site
Inhalation risks for soil removal operations.
Standards for determining river sediment
clean-up levels.
¥
p Source: laws and regulations as cited in Tablt.
-------
TABLE C.3-2
POTENTIAL LOCATION-SPECIFIC AIURS AXO CRITERIA, ADVISORIES AND GUIDANCE
HedWAiithorltv
Retirement
Status
fcwJrq^nt ?ynpp?lt
Consideration In The Rl/FS
Wetlands/Flood-
plains
Federal
Regulatory
Requirements
Federal
Nonregulatory
Requirements
Clean Water Act
(CVA) 40 CFR Part
404 and Rivers and
Harbors Act of 1699
(40 CFR Part 230
and 33 CFR Part
320-329)
RCRA Location
Standards (40 CFR
264.18)
Applicable
Relevant and
Appropriate
Wetlands Executive
Order (E0 11990)
To be
Considered
Under this requirement, no activity
that adversely effects a wetland
shall be permitted If a practicable
alternative that has less effect Is
available. If there Is no other
practical alternative. Impacts must
be mitigated. A permit Is required
for construction of any structure
In a navigable rater. Section 307,
effluent standards of 1-ppb concen-
tration of PCB, Is Incorporated
Into this section by reference.
The 1-ppb effluent discharge
standard Is to be considered for
guidance levels.
This regulation outlines the
requirements for constructing a
RCRA facility on a 100-year
floodplaln.
Under this regulation, federal
agencies are required to minimize °
the destruction loss or degradation
of wetlands, and preserve and
enhance natural and beneficial•
values of wetlands. ' '
During the Identification, screening, and
evaluation of alternatives, the effects on
wetlands are evaluated. Effluent levels will
be used as guidance levels to which
alternatives will be evaluated.
A facility located on a 100-year floodplaln
must be designed, constructed, operated, and
maintained to prevent washout of any
hazardous waste by a 100-year flood, unless
waste may be removed safely before floodwater
can reach the facility or no adverse effects
on public health and the environment would
result If washout occurred.
Remedial alternatives that Involve
construction must Include all practicable
means of^nlmlzlng harm to wetlands.
Wetlands protection considerations must be
Incorporated Into the planning and decision-
making about remedial alternatives.
&
F
P
f
"wee: Laws and regulations as cited In Table.
-------
TABLE C.3-2 (Continued)
POTENTIAL LOCATION-SPECIFIC ARMS AN) CRITERIA. ADVISORIES AM) GUIDANCE
Wedium/Authority Requirement
Status
Requirement Synopsis
Consideration In The Rl/FS
Floodplalns
Executive Order (EO
11988)
To be Federal agencies are required to
Considered reduce the risk of flood loss,
minimize Impact of floods, and
restore and preserve the natural
and beneficial values of
floodplalns.
The potential effects of any action must be
evaluated to ensure that the planning and
dectslon-maklng reflect consideration of
flood hazards and floodplaln management,
Including restoration and preservation of
natural undeveloped floodplalns.
New York State
Freshwater
Vetlands Law
ECL Article 24 & 71
In Title 23
Applicable Regulates activities conducted In a
wetlands area to minimize the
destruction, loss or degradation of
the wetlands.
Remedial alternatives that involve
construction must Include means to protect
wetlands.
New York State
Freshwater
Wetlands Permit
Requirements
Regulations
Endangered
Species Act
Farmland
Protection
Policy Act of
1981 (FPPA)
Endangered and
Threatened
Species of Fish
and Wildlife
Requirements
6 NYCRR Part 663
16 USC 1531
7 USC 4201 et seq
6 NYCRR 182
Applicable Regulates the procedural
requirements to be followed In
undertaking different activities in
wetlands and 1n areas adjacent to
wetlands.
Applicable FWS and NMFS are required to not
jeopardize the continued existence
of endangered/threatened species or
adversely modify or destroy the
critical habitats of such species.
Applicable Regulates the extent to which
federal programs contribute to the
unnecessary and Irreversible
conversion of farmland to non-
agricultural uses.
Applicable Restricts activities in preps'
inhabited bv endangered soecles.
Remedial alternatives that Involve
construction must Include means to protect
wetlands.
Potential ARAR as threatened or endangered
species may Inhabit the site.
Potential ARAR for remedial alternatives.
Potential ARAR as many fish and wildlife
soecles inhabit the site.
Smiroci law* and r*|u1attoni at el tad In Tibia,
-------
TAM.E C.3-3
POTENTIAL NCTION-SKCIFIC NMRS
ARABS
Requirement Svnopsli
RCRA - General Facility
Standards (40 CFR 264.10 -
264.18)
General facility requirements outline general waste
analysis, security Measures, Inspections and ¦
training requirements.
RCRA - Preparedness and
Prevention (40 CFR 264.30 -
264.31)
RCRA - Contingency Plan and
Emergency Procedures (40 CFR
264.50 - 264.56)
RCRA - Releases fro* Solid
Haste Management Units (40 CFR
264.90 - 264.109)
RCRA - Closure and Post-closure
(40 Cm 264.110 - 264.120)
RCRA - Surface Impoundments
Items (40 CFR 264.220 -
264.249)
This regulation outlines requirements for safety
equipment and spill control.
This regulation outltnes the requirements for
emergency procedures to be used following
explosions, fires, etc.
This regulation details requirements for a
groundwater monitoring program to be Installed at
the site.
This regulation details specific requirements for
closure and post-closure of hazardous waste
facilities.
This regulation details the destgn, construction,
operation, monitoring, inspection and contingency
plans for a RCRA surface impoundnent. Also
provides three closure options for CERCLA sites;
clean closure, containment closure, and alternate
closure.
RCRA - Waste Piles (40 CFR Oetails procedures, operating requirements, and
264.250 - 264.269) closure and post-closure options for waste piles.
If removal or decontamtnatton of all contaminated
subsoils is not possible, closure and post-closure
requirements for landfills must be attained.
Action To Be Taken To Attain MARS If A Remedy 1s Selected
For Mhlch These Requirements Are ARAR
Any facilities will be constructed, fenced, posted and
operated in accordance with this requirement. All
workers will be properly trained. Process wastes will
be evaluated for the characteristics of hazardous wastes
to assess further landfilling requirements.
Safety and coMwnlcatlon equipment will be Installed at
the site; local authorities will be familiarized with
site operations.
Plans will be developed and implemented during site work
including installation of monitoring wells, and
implementation of site remedies.
*
A groundwater monitoring program is a component of all
alternatives. RCRA regulations will be utilized as
guidance during development of this program.
Those parts of the regulation concerned with long-term
monitoring and maintenance of the site will be
Incorporated Into the design.
To comply with clean closure, owner must remove or
decontaminate all waste. To comply with containment
closure, the owner must eliminate free liquid, stabilize
remaining waste, and cover Impoundment with a cover that
complies with the regulation. Integrity of cover must
be maintained, groundwater system monitored, and runoff
controlled. To comply with alternate closure, all
pathways of exposure to contaminants must be eliminated
and long-term monitoring provided.
According to RCRA, waste piles used for treatment or
storage of non-containerized accumulation of solid, non-
flowing hazardous waste may comply with either the waste
pile or landfill requirements. The temporary storage of
solid waste on-site, therefore, must conply with one or
the other subpart.
-------
TABLE C.3-3 (Continued)
POTENTIAL ACTION-SPECIFIC MURS
WARS
Requirement SwiwiH
Action To Be Taken To Attain WARS If A Rawedv la Selected
For Witch These Reoulrewents Are ARAB
RCRA - Landfills (40 CHI
264.300 - 264.339}
RCRA - Incinerators (40 CFR
264.340 - 264.599)
RCRA - Miscellaneous Units (40
CFR 264.600 - 264.999)
TSCA Disposal Requirements (40
CFR Part 761.60)
OSHA - General Industry
Standards (29 CFR Part 1910)
0$HA • Safety and Health
Standards (29 CFR Part 1926)
This regulation details the design, operation.
Monitoring, Inspection, recordkeeping, closure, and
penalt requirements, for a RCRA landfill.
This regulation specifies the performance
standards, operating requirements, monitoring,
Inspection, and closure guidelines of any
Incinerator burning hazardous waste.
These standards are applicable to miscellaneous
units not previously defined under existing RCRA
regulations for treatment, storage, and disposal
units.
Liquid PCBs at concentrations greater than SO ppm,
but less than 500 ppm, must be disposed of either
In an Incinerator, or In a chemical waste landfill,
or by another technology capable of providing equal
treatment. Liquid PCBs at concentrations greater
than 500 ppm must be disposed of tn an Incinerator
or treated by an alternate technology capable of
equal treatment. Dredged materials with PCB
concentrations greater than 50 ppm may be disposed
of by alternative methods which are protective of
public health and the environment, if shown that
incineration or disposal in a chemical waste
landfill Is not reasonable or appropriate.
These regulations specify the 8-hour time-weighted
average concentration for various organic
confiounds. Training requirements for workers at
hazardous waste operations are specifted in 19 CFR
9910.120.
This regulation specifies the type of safety
equipment and procedures to be followed during site
remediation.
Disposal of contaminated materials If determined to be
RCRA characteristic hazardous wastes from the river
would be to a RCRA-penultted facility that complies with
RCRA landfill regulations, including closure and post-
closure. On-site disposal would Include a RCRA-designed
cap.
On-site thermal treatment must comply with the
appropriate requirements specified in this subpart of
RCRA, if determined to be RCRA characteristic hazardous
wastes.
Units not previously defined under RCRA must comply with
these requirements.
PCB treatment must comply with these regulations during
remedial action.
Proper respiratory equipment will be worn if it Is
Impossible to maintain the work atmosphere below the
specified concentrations. Workers performing remedial
activities would be required to have completed specified
training requirements.
All appropriate safety equipment will be on-site. In
addition, safety procedures will be followed during on-
site activities.
-------
TABLE C.3-3 (Continued)
POTENTIAL ACTION-SPECIFIC ARAKS
ARARS
Requirement Svnoosls
Action To Be Taken To Attain ARABS If A Bemedv Is Selected
For Which These Requirements Are ARAR
•OSHA - Recordkeeping,
Reporting, and Related
Regulations (29 CFR 1904)
CVA • 40 CFR Part 403
Regulations on Olsposal Site
Determinations Under the Water
Act (40 CFR 231)
OOT Rules for Transportation of
Hazardous Materials (49 CFR
Parts 107, 171.1-171.5)
NeM York State Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (6
NYCRR 750-757)
New York State RCRA Hazardous
Waste Regulations (6 NYCRR 370-
372)
New York State RCRA Hazardous
Waste Regulations (6 NYCRR 373)
New York State Solid Waste
Regulations (6 NYCRR 360-361)
New York State Air Pollution
Control Regulations (6 NYCRR
"0-221)
This regulation outlines the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements for an employer under OSHA.
This regulation specifies pretreatment standards
for discharge to a publicly owned treatment works
(POTW).
These regulations apply to all existing, proposed,
or potential disposal sites for discharges of
dredged or fill materials Into U.S. waters, which
Include wetlands.
This regulation outlines procedures for the
packaging, labeling, manifesting and transporting
of hazardous materials.
Establishes water quality standards, effluent
limitations, standards of performance, toxic
effluent standards and prohibitions, and
pretreatment standards.
Outlines design specifications and standards of
performance for disposal facilities and treatments.
Establishes requirements for the closure (clean
closure and waste-ln-place closure) and long-term
management of a hazardous disposal facility.
Requirements for landfill operation and closure.
Incineration, and other solid waste management
activities.
Establishes maximum ambient levels for criteria
pollutants and establishes emissions limitations
for sources which emit VOCs Into '' tlr.
These requirements apply to all site contractors and
subcontractors and must be followed during all site
work.
If a leachate collection system Is installed and the
discharge Is sent to a POTW, the POTW must have an
approved pretreatment program. The collected leachate
runoff must be In compliance with the approved program.
Prior to discharging, a report must be submitted
containing Identifying information, list of approved
permits, description of operations, flow measurements,
measurement of pollutants, certification by a qualified
professional, and a compliance schedule.
The dredged or fill material should not be discharged
unless It can be demonstrated that such a discharge will
not have an unacceptable adverse Impact on the wetlands.
Contaminated materials will be packaged, manifested and
transported to a licensed off-site disposal facility in
compliance with these regulations.
To be determined.
To be determined.
To be determined.
To be determined.
To be determined.
-------
Table C-4.1
Physical/Chemical Technologies Reviewed
by NUS (1984) and NPI (1985)
Technologies
NUS (1984)
MPI (1985)
Chemical Dechlorination
Acurex
X
Goodyear Process
X
Hydrothermal Process
X
KOHPEG
X
X
NaPEG
X
Ozonation
X
PCBX
X
Physical Destruction
Photodecompos1t1on
X
Ultraviolet/Ozone
X
Wet A1r Oxidation
X
Wright-Malta
X
X
ATDT
X
fabtoC
-------
Table C.4-2
Initial Screening of Physical/Chemical Treatment Processes
Process
Contact
Development
Advanced since 1987
1 Chemical Dechlorination
KOHPE6
Gaison Remedatlon Corporation
East Syracuse, NY 13057
Yes
OHM Extraction
OH Materials
Findley, OH
No
EPRI Solvent Wash
Electric Power Research Institute
Palo Alto, CA
No
Basic Extraction Sludge
Treatment (B.E.S.T.)
Resources Conservation Co.
Ellicott City, MD
Yes
Propane Extraction
CF Systems
Woburn. MA
Yes
Low Energy Extraction
Process (LEEP)
ART International, Inc.
Randolph, NJ
Yes
3 Physical Destruction
LARC
Atlantic Research Corporation
Alexandria, VA
No
UV/Ultrasonics
Technology
Ozonic Technology, inc.
Closter. NJ
Yes
MODAR Supercritical
Water Process
Modar, Inc.
Houston, TX
No
Vitrification
B&tteiie Pacific Northwest Laboratory
Richland. WA
No
Source: Compiled from RTI (1987) and personal communication with process developers.
T«bl»C.4-
-------
Table C.4-3
Bench and Pilot-Scale Tests of Physical/
Chemical Sediment Treatment Technologies
Estuary and Lower Harbor/Bay
Feasibility Study
Technology
Scale
Vendor
Response from
Vendor
Solidification/
Stabilization
Bench
Test Conducted by U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station
Vicksburg, Mississippi
No
j
Solvent Extraction
B.E.S.T. Process
Bench
Resources Conservation Co.
Bellvue, Washington
Yes
Liquified Gas
Extraction
Pilot CF Systems Corporation
Woburn. MA 01801
Yes
Alkali Metal Dechlorination
•• .
KOHPEG Process
Bench
Galson Remediation Corporation
East Syracuse, New York
Yes
Vitrification
(Modified in-site)
Bench
Battelle Pacific Northwest
Laboratories
Richland. Washington
NO
Source: EBASCO (1990).
Table C.4-3
-------
FI6URES
PHASE 1 REPORT
INTERIM CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION
HUDSON RIVER PCB REASSESSMENT RI/FS
CONTENTS
The TAMS/Grad1ent Database 1s the source of all data, except as noted on figures
where appropriate.
A. 1-1 Annual Precipitation for Albany (1890-1985) and New York City (1826-
1985)
A.1-2 Mean Monthly Flow of the Hudson River at Federal Dam In Water Year
1962
A.1-3 Comparison of Hudson River Upper Basin and Lower Basin Runoff
a: Mean Monthly Flow for Water Year 1986
b: Mean Monthly Flow for Water Year 1984
A.1-4 Fresh Water Contributions to the Lower Hudson River
a: Flow Contributions by Tributary
b: Flow Contributions by River Mile
A.2-1 PCB Structure and Group
A.3-1 Total PCB Levels 1n Dated Hudson River Sediment Cores By River Mile
A.3-2 Highly Chlorinated PCB Homologues in Lower Hudson River Sediments
A.3-3 Decreasing Sediment PCB Levels 1n Hudson River Sediments Over Time
A.3-4 L1p1d-Based Aroclor Concentration: Striped Bass, Lower Hudson
A.3-5 Striped Bass (below River Mile 80): Aroclor 1016, L1p1d-Based
A.3-6 Total PCBs In F1sh, Tappan Zee Bridge: L1p1d-Based Values
A.3-7 Total PCBs In F1sh at Catsklll (R. M. 114): Llpld-Based Concentra-
tions
B. 1-1 Mean Monthly Flow 1n the Upper Hudson River, Water Year 1986
B.1-2 Mean Monthly Flow in the Upper Hudson River, Water Year 1984
B.2-1 Reported General Electric PCB Usage
i
-------
B.3-1 Total PCBs 1n Surface Sediments - 1976-78
B.3-2 PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship - Gravel
B.3-3 PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship - Fine Sand
B.3-4 PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship - Find Sand/Wood Chips
B.3-5 PCB Concentration Frequency Comparison
B.3-6 Correlation of Sediment Aroclor 1242 Levels in Upper and Lower
Hudson Sediment Cores
B.3-7a Upper Hudson Daily Average Flows, 1973-1981
B.3-7b Upper Hudson Dally Average Flows, 1982-1990
B.3-8 Total PCBs 1n Water Column: Fort Edward
B.3-9 Total PCBs 1n Water Column: Schuylervllle
B.3-10 Total PCBs 1n Water Column: Stillwater
B.3-11 Total PCBs 1n Water Column: Waterford
B.3-12 Summer (June - September) Average PCB Concentrations 1n Water
B.3-13 Mean Total PCBs in Brown Bullhead
B.3-14 Mean Aroclor Trends 1n F1sh (River Mile 175)
B.3-15 Trends In Mean Llpid-Based Aroclor Levels In F1sh (River Mile 175)
B.3-16 Llpid-Based Aroclor Trends: Largemouth Bass, River Mile 175
B.3-17 Lipid-Based Aroclor Trends: Brown Bullhead, River Mile 153
B.3-18 Total PCBs In Mult1plate/Cadd1sfly - Fort Miller
B.3-19 Total PCBs 1n Mult1plate/Cadd1sfly Data, PCB-7, Stillwater
B.3-20 PCBs in Multlplate/Caddisfly - All Stations
B.3-21 PCB Trends 1n Multlplate/Caddisfly Data
B.3-22 Gas Chromatogram Peaks for Three Aroclor Standards
B.4-1 Conceptual Reassessment Framework
B.4-2 Upper Hudson Flow Duration Curve
ii
-------
B.4-3a Comparison of Estimated and Measured Flows at Hadley
B.4-3b Annual Maximum Dally Flows Below Sacandaga River
B.4-4 Suspended Sediment Rating Curve: Fort Edward at Rogers Island,
1975-1989
B.4-5 Suspended Sediment Rating Curve: Hudson River at Schuylervllle
B.4-6 Suspended Sediment Rating Curve: Hudson River at Stillwater
B.4-7 Suspended Sediment Rating Curve: Hudson River at Waterford
B.4-8 Sediment Load, Hudson River at Fort Edward
B.4-9 Sediment Load, Hudson River at Schuylervllle
B.4-10 Flows at Fort Edward and PCBs at Fort Edward
B.4-11 Flows at Fort Edward and PCBs at Schuylervllle
B.4-12 Total PCBs In Water vs. Flow: Fort Edward
B.4-13 Total PCBs In Water vs. Flow: Schuylervllle
B.4-14 Total PCBs 1n Water vs. Flow: Stillwater
B.4-15 Total PCBs In Water vs. Flow: Waterford
B.4-16 Suspended Solids vs. Total PCBs: Stillwater
B.4-17 PCB Load at Non-Scour1ng Flows, Stillwater, 1983
B.4-18 Flow-PCB Observation Pairs: Stillwater
B.4-19 PCB Mass Transport Corrected Mean Method Estimates
B.4-20 PCB Mass Transport Past Waterford: Corrected
Mean Estimates
B.4-21 PCB Mass Transport, Fort Edward and Stillwater: Corrected Mean
Estimates
B.4-22 Estimated PCB Load Past Waterford
B.4-23 Aroclor 1016 In Largemouth Bass (Lipid): River Mile 175
B.4-24 Simulated Average Total PCBs 1n F1sh: Upper Hudson River, 1991-2020
B.4-25 Total PCBs in Yearling Pumpklnseed vs Summer PCB Concentrations In
the Water Column at Stillwater
111
-------
B.4-26 Aroclor Levels 1n Yearling Pumpklnseed vs. Sumner Water-Column Total
PCBs
B.4-27 Total PCBs in Yearling Pumpklnseed vs. Summer PCB Concentrations 1n
the Water Column at Schuylervllle
B.4-28 Total PCBs 1n Largemouth Bass vs. Summer PCB Concentrations in Water
Column at Stillwater
B.4-29 Total PCBs in Brown Bullhead vs. Summer PCB Concentrations in Water
Column at Stillwater
B.5-1 Model Nodes and Links
B.5-2 . Nodal Areas
B.5-3 Preliminary Hydraulic Calibration, 1-D Model, Thompson Island Pool
B.6-1 Potential Exposure Pathways
C.1-1 Overview of the FS Process
C.4-1 PCB Content and Composition of Core 18-6
C.4-2 KOHPEG Process Flow Diagram
C.4-3 B.E.S.T. Process
C.4-4 LEEP-Low Energy Extraction Process
C.4-5 Propane Extraction Process
C.6-1 Response Actions and Associated Generic Technologies Retained for
Further Analyses
1 v
-------
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION in INCHES
ANNAUL HttCIHTATION. IN INCHES
-------
Figure A.1-2
Mean Monthly Flow of the Hudson River at Federal Dam
In Water Year 1962 *
V
35000 H
30000
25000:
S 20000-
IT 15000-j
10000:
5000:
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jut Aug Sep
Month
Source: Hammond (1975).
Flgur* A.1-2
-------
Figure A.1-3
Comparison of Hudson River Upper Basin and Lower Basin Runoff
Figure A.1-3a: Mean Monthly Flow For Water Year 1986
la 4M0Q
O
«
I
to
5
c
o
«
"D
3
X
Hudson ©Federal Dam
Wafilofl @ Gardiner
35000-
20000-
f—T
Oct Nov Dec
®
c
¦s
CO
O
"S
U.
§
i
Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep
Month
¥
Q
15
I
£
<2
cr
I
3
X
40000
35000
30000
20000-3
15000
10000:
5000
0
Figure A.1-3b: Mean Monthly Row For Water Year 1984
Hudson# Federal Dam
Wallkill# Gardiner
I 1 I V I 1 I I « 1 «'l I | • I I I Vf'1 I
OctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJut Aug Sep
6000
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
€
I
Month
Source: Garvey (1990).
Mote. Hudson R. flow scale is given at left.
* Wallkill R. flow scale is given at right
Figure A.1-3
-------
Figure A.1-4
Fresh Water Contributions to the Lower Hudson River
o
*
o
u.
"5
3
C
-------
Figure A.2-1
PCB STRUCTURE AND GROUP
GENERIC STRUCTURE:
%
3* ~ 2*
PARA (P-) 4'// £ 1
PCB CONGENER:
H
3,4,2',5' tetrachlorobiphenyl
PCB Homologue Number of
Group Congeners
Mono- 3
Di~ 12
. Tri- 24
T«tro- 42
Penta— 46
H«xa— 42
Htpta- 24
Oeta- 12
Nona— 3
D«co- gasJ_ ,
Total Congtnem 209
Source: Caima et ol. (1986).
-------
Figure A.3-1
Total PCB Levels In Dated Hudson River Sediment Coras by River Mile
Total PCBs (ppm)
500 1000
1500
1980
I
&
1970
a
£
1960
I
*
1950
• River Mil* 188.5
(Upper Hudson)
• River Mile 143.4
(Lower Hudson)
Note: Scale for Lower Hudson data
(River Mile 143.4) Is x5.
Total PCBs (ppm)
10 20
1980
1970
o
£
1960 -
X
s
CL
2
1950
• River Mile 88.0
(Lower Hudson)
• River Mile 9141
(Lower Hudson)
Total PCBs (ppm)
10 20
1980
m
o
a.
«
o
1970
o
£
"5 1980
E
"x
e
a.
CL
<
1950
30
_|
• River Mile 53.8
(Lower Hudson)
1080
I
£
«•» 1970
0
1
«
1SS0
•5
P
1950
Total PCBs (ppm)
5 10 15
I I I
• River Mile —1.65
(Lower Hudson)
• River Mile -1.7
(Lower Hudson)
Source: Bopp and Simpson (1989).
Figure JL3-1
-------
Approximate Year of Deposition
(A
o
c
n
m
a
o
~o
"O
a
3
a.
W.
TO
m
o
to
00
(0
Approximate Year of Deposition
Approximate Year of Deposition
M "O
do a>
Approximate Year of Deposition
to
5
o
Si
5" #
I I
O X
m
-8
0
1
o
o
M "6*
9 3"
O a
3
U
§
U
T»
O*
Z
O
z
3
£ J*
• O"
5* o
o <
¦o •
o
5 M
a Q
3 =P
5"
2 2
n P
3
O
o
I
•o _
o o
3 <
5" W
3 a
a =s
1=3
S 3
3 "*¦
O
&
a.
X
<5*
*«
o
:r
o
3.
3
Q
"0
O
CD
X
o
3
p
Si
tt
— >
3
|m I
O N»
<
X
c
a
H
o
3
3
<*
t/>
a.
3
3
-------
Figure A.3—3
Decreasing PCB Levels In Hudson River Sediment over Time
Above Salt Front
(No NYC Metropolitan Area Influence)
Total PCBs (ppm)
10
15
.V
\
\
\.
\
\
Exponential decoy curve for core
at River Mile 88.6 (half-life of
3.5 years)
Below Salt Front
(NYC Metropolitan Area Influence Evident)
Total -pi-9s (ppm)
tn
o
a.
®
a
g 1980
£
o
E
"8
s
Q.
£
1970-1
5
_1_
10
15
| Asymptote to 0.5 ppm
\
\
\
\
X
Exponential decay curve for corn
at River Mile —1.65 (half life of
3.5 years)
Source: Bopp and Simpson (1989).
Figure A^S
-------
Figure A.3-4
Lipid-Based Aroclor Concentration:
Striped Bass Lower Hudson
Arodor
1254/1016
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1016
-------
Figure A.3-5
Striped Bass (below Riuer Mile 88>
Aroclor 1016, lipid-based
"'¦J -MI— i i | i § i
1
—i 1— * | r i 1 i
| i —i 1 [ i i r f
1 —T 1 |
\
%
-
\
_
S
«_
X +
-
%
-
-
\
-
*
%
_
\
-
\
-
V
\
» »
\ \
\ N
«.
\ \
\ %
.
\ \
\ %
\ s
_
\ V
-
\ *
X N
+
x \ \
-
V \
\ \
X
_
\ \
X
—
+ x.
X
_
s \
s, ^
v v half-1if*
* 8.0 UrB*
-
¦v,
*¦*»
V. x ^ t
-
_
*»>
It
h
11
i|
j i
11
¦ i
1 1, ,1 .1 1 1 1 1
1
...j i—i- i... i i i
..,.1 _i—j i 1, ¦¦„.< i_ i 1
* * i i
400
300
200
100
1874
1976
1978
1980
1888
1984
1988
1888
Year
Exponential Ragrmloni with HX ConfidancM Bounds
-------
Figure A.3-6
Total PCBs in Fish, Tappan Zee Bridge
Lipid-Baaad Ualuaa
4((
306
Stripad Baaa
see —
lee —
e —
Am. Shad
I
¦ ¦ ¦ ' I I I I I L_
H 1 1 h
J I 1 1 1 I I I I I L.
1974
1976
1978
I960
1982
1984
1986
1988
Year
Maana t 96X Confidanca Xntaruaia
-------
Figure A.3-7
Total PCBs in Fish at Catskill (R.M.114)
(x ieee>
2.B
3 «
a
•H
H
| 1.6
01
\
01
~
e.B
Lipid»BM«d Concentrations
i—1—1—¦—i—¦—¦—1—r
— L«rg«Mouth Bmmm
YtUow Perch
-1 i i I I I _i I i I L_
.j * 1 ¦ * L.
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1988
1988
Year
Maarw ft MX Confidantm Xntarwals
-------
Figure B.1-1
Mean Monthly Flow in the Upper Hudson River
Water Year 1986
-*¦— Fort Edward
Walerford
«>
§
c
C
to
®
2
18000-
12000-
8000-
I i | i | i | i | i
Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Month
Sourc«: USGS, Water Rasourcss Data-New York Vol. 1, Water Year 1986 (1987).
Figure B.1-1
-------
Figure B.1-2
Mean Monthly Flow in the Upper Hudson River
Water Year 1984
20000:
18000:
16000 :
Fort Edward
Watertord
14000:
12000r
10000-i
8000-
6000 •!
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
Jun Jul
Month
Source: USGS, Water Resources Data-New York Vol. 1, Water Year 1984 (1965).
Figure B.1-2
-------
Figure B.2-1
Reported General Electric PCB Usage
Ft. Edward Plant
1945 1950 1955
100% 1254
80% 1254
20% 1242
Both Plants
1977
1971
1974
~100%1016
<0.1% 1221
100% 1016
5% 1254
95%1242
1% 1254
99% 1242
Hudson Falls Plant
1953
1955
1952
100% 1254
75% 1254
25% 1242
* Incomplete records for 1955 through 1964
Source: Brown, Jr. et al. (1984).
-------
10,000
E
»
CO
O
Ql
O
1000
100
10
1.0
0.1
Figure B.3-1
Total PCBs in Surface Sediments, 1976-78
M
U
O
mJ
c
o
.8)
Q.
EI
•o §
|£ w
t.
•v-
t j.% .*
.4.
(O
o
3
in
2
tr
M
a
o
-*• ***** ».
*-.*~ * ~. *
• »
/
_ *
*•« •• v 1 • l! •
V . S i
•} v,-i
* **.?• SK
I •
.**
>* • ^ » *•
• *• • •
u
o
IB
Q
o
"O
©
yu
200
190
180 170
River Mile
160
ISO
Solid line shows median by river reach.
-------
Figure B.3-2
PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship
Gravel
120
1964 Thompson Wand Pool Data
(QC Results Only)
15 20
Volatile Solids
(%)
Figure B.3-2
-------
Figure B.3-3
PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship
Fine Sand
1964 Thompson Wand Pool Data
1,600
1,400 --
1,200
1,000
C/l
CD
Q? E
5 -3
o
10
20 30 40
Volatile Solids
(%)
7" !
(GC
3muHs Only)
|
¦
¦
]
¦
¦ ^
a ;
—i
--
- j
¦
i
so
60
Flgur* B.3-3
-------
Figure B.3-4
PCB Concentration vs. Texture Relationship
Fine Sand/Wood Chips
800
1964 Thompson totond Pool Oata
: (GC RftftuKt Only)
1 Sample with 6,000 ppm excluded
10 15 20 25
Volatile Solids
(%)
30
35
40
45
Flgur* B.3-4
-------
Figure B.3-5
PCB Concentration Frequency Comparison
7Q-/
<26
Thompson Island Pool
Sediment Samples
~ 1877
¦ 1984
25-50 50-100 100-200
Total PCBs
(ppm)
200-500
>500
Flgura B.3-5
-------
Figure B.3—6
Correlation of Sediment Aroclor 1242 Levels In
Upper and Lower Hudson Sediment Cores
Aroclor 1242 (ppm) at River Mile 188.5
0 500 1000 1500
1984
1974-
k.
0) 1964-
(Upper Hudson)*
o River Mile 91.8
(Lower Hudson)
1954-
30
0
20
10
Aroclor 1242 (ppm) at River Mile 91.8
Source: Bopp et al. (1985).
Figure B.3-6
-------
Figure B.3-7a
Upper Hudson Daily Average Flows, 1973-1981
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982
i r
i r
39,340 cfs
4/2/76
1 r
31,700 cfs
4/29/79
Year
Sotmc«: USGS Monitoring ; 1973-1976 below Stcandaga Rlvw; 1977-1981 §t fort Edward.
-------
Figure B.3-7b
Upper Hudson Daily Average Flow, 1982-1990
o
1982
32,600 cfs
5/2/83
I
_L
_L
_L
1983
1984 1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
Source: USGS Monitoring at Fort Edward.
Year
-------
Figure B.3-8
Total PCBs in UJater Column: Fort Edward
Q
8 —
6 —
4 —
3 —
8 —
1 —
• —
A/toiLlfev
T
<77 uo/1)
Dttaetlon limit
raduccd, 10/08
_i i_
1976
WWW Monitoring
1979
1982
1986
1988
1991
Y mmr
-------
USQS Monitoring
Figure B.3-9
Water Column: SchuyleruilJLe
1 . . 1 « 1 1 r
±
x
I
1982 1988 1988 1991
Year
-------
Figure B*3-10
Total PCBs in Ulster Column: Stillwater
Dataction limit
r«duc«d» 16/86
(HkUl fcJLii
1976
1079
1968.
1986
1988
1991
Year
USQS Monitoring
-------
Figure B.3-11
Total PCBs in UJater Column: UJaterford
Detection li«it
r*aduc«d, 1I/B6
1076
1979
1982
1985
1986
1991
Year
-------
Figure B.3-12
Summer (June - September) Average PCB
Concentrations in Water
f
5
M
OJ
0.7
Fort Edward
Schuyteivflte
' Stillwater
Waterford
0.4
<-> 04
CO
0.1
1064
1075 1076
1977
IMS
1978
1961
1962 1963
1989
1979
1980
1986
1987
Year
-------
Figure B.3-13
Mean Total PCBs in Brown Bullhead
1975 1077 1978 1979 1900 1901 1962 1983 1984 1965 1968 1987 1968
Year
££TT TOO dHH
-------
Figure B.3-14
Mean Aroclor Trends in Fish
(River M3e 175)
1,000 1
* BrownBuMwad
~ Qoidftah
* ' Lugamoutfi B«m
100 •
0 PumpUHMd
CO
i I 10
u ^
o
1 ¦¦
-t-
1874
1876
1978 1880 1882
Year
1884
Not*: Arocior 1016 plotted on • log «e«lo.
70
80 --
90 -¦
un
CNI
40 --
30
2D
10 -¦
-O-
1974
1880
1884
1886
1888
Year
Figure B.3-14
-------
Figure B.3-15
Trends in Mean Lipid-Based Aroclor Levels in Fish
(River Mile 175)
8,000 • ¦
4£00 -¦
2.000
1,000 ••
1874
1978
1880
1888
1878
1882
1884
1888
Year
1200 t
¦—
Brown DuHh»«d
— QoMMi
Lfgmoulh Bm
— Pumpkini**d
Flgur* B.
-------
Figure B.3-16
Lipid-Based Aroclor Trends: Largemouth Bass
River Mile 175
1]
Arodor 1016
Mean Annual Concentration*
6,000 j an<] 95% Confidence Bounds
^ 5,000
"5.
^ 4,000
o-1
3,000
o
7 2,000
o
8
< 1,000
1975 1876 1977 1978 1979 1980 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968
Year
Arodor 1254
1,400 t
1,200
."2
Q.
1,000
a
800
X
CNJ
600
5
a
400
200
0
Moan Annual Concentrations
and 05% Confidence Bounds.
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1961 1962 1963 1964 1985 1986 1967 1988
Year
Figure B.3-16
-------
Figure B.3-17
Lipid-Based Aroclor Trends: Brown Bullhead
River Mile 153
Aroclor 1016
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
Mean Annual Concentration*
and 95% Confidence Bound*
1975 19761977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841985 1986 1987 1988
Year
Aroclor 1254
800
700
600
500
400
300
o
O 200
i
CT>
U"J
CM
o
100
0
Mean Annual Concentration*
and 95% Confidence Bound*
i i i
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 19821983 1984 19851986 1987 1988
Year
Figure B.3-17
-------
Pigura B.3-18
Total PCBa in Multiplata/Caddiaflu
Fort Millar
lee
I ' 1 1 1
1
Non-Lipid»Baaad
-
-
•
-
80
-
-
60
-
-
•
0
.
-
•
•
1
-
'
«
•
40
•
1
•
•
~
9
•
•
•
-
•
•
9
9
¦
B
•
-
m ¦
I
1
20
o
•
B
a
Q
•
a
I
!
-
8
a
o
¦
r ®
0
¦
•
9
¦
B
¦
-
0
- s
i . . . i
t
...
i
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
Yaar
Total PCBs in MultiplataSCaddiaflu
Fort Millar
looee
a 1000
lee
¦ ¦-]— 1 r
1 1
i
'
T -
,
Lipid*BM«d
•
:
• ¦
-
'
o
•
0
*
•
_ •
:
B
•
•
•
•
•
:
-
•
9
¦
-
-
•
B
•
1
•
•
•
B
0
fl
-
1
¦
•
•
•
1
I
¦
9
¦
•
•
I
•
¦
•
-
¦
•
-
i . . i
1
1
1976
1978
1980 1982
Yaar
1984
1986
Figure &3-18
-------
Figure B.3-19
Total PCBs in Multiplate/Caddisfly Data
PCB-7, Stillwater
1—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—| i i i i—p
100M
lt«l —
.1 •
1 "
°;*8
1M
• ••
19 —
I ¦ ¦ i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I—i—i—i i I i i i ¦ I
_L_i_
1977 1976 1979 I960 1981 1962 1963 1964 1966 1966 1987
Year
Lipid-B«sia Total PCBa
-------
Figure B.3-20
PCBs in Multiplate/Caddisfly, All Stns.
S
i
A
TJ
•H
a
•H
H
I
01
\
D)
3
a
m
o
a.
9&X Confldanca Xntaruala
PCB-e/1
Hudson Fall*
Bakara Falls
PCB-2
Fort
Edward
PCB-B
Fort
Millar
PCB-6
Schuglar-
vllla
PCB-7
Stlll-
watar
PCB-6
Uatarfog*)^
Lock 1
-------
-------
Figure B.3-22
Gas Chromatogram Peaks for
Three Aroclor Standards
Packad Cokimn Result*
18% T-
a
a
H-H-
¦ A. 1242
~ A. 1254
~ A. 1260
a
i "i "i
iT)U>0^r>OCNI^OCV|CMOOOO
CNi^#»c£>r-c>fo^*-oorof— ^cnj
Webb and McCaN Peak Number
8
Sourca: Webb and McCalt (1973).
-------
Figure B.4.1
Conceptual Reassessment Framework
(3) Fish (biota) response to ambient PCBs
A
Receptor
Target
—>
Dissolved PCBs
Fish
*
(A)-
T
Risk / Benefit
Calculation
Receptor
Sed'ment PCBs
(2) Ambient PCB levels in sediments and water column
A
'olatilization
Receptor
lissolved PCB:
Dissolved
PCBs
Advection /
Dispersion
Hydraulics
Suspended
Sediment
s^PCBs^<
Receptor
edimerrt PCB:
PCB Storage
in Sediments
(1) Alterations in distribution of contaminated sediments
Current
Sediment
Distribution
Transport Out
ofSyste
Suspen
Sediments
Scour
New Sediment
Distribution
*
Bed Load
Dredging^)
>(B)
Flgur* B.4-1
-------
Figure B.4-2
Upper Hudson Flow
Duration Curve
60,000
Fort Edward (12/78-8/90)
SO,000
Mow 8*Mnda0aRfe«r (101/21 -
-------
Figure B.4-3a
Comparison of Estimated and
Measured Flows at Hadley
50,000
40,000
30,000
*
o
to
10,000
o
O
<
!
o o
o ~
~
0 3/20/36
~
•
A
~
1/1/49
1
i
-------
Figure B.4-3b
Annual Maximum Daily Rows Below Sacandaga River
40.000
sun.
10,000
1990
1940
1900
1900
1960
1990
1900
Year
-------
Figure B.4-4
Suspended Sediment Rating Curue
Fort Edward at Rogers Island, 1975-1989
iee —
\
01
E
8* —
4J
c
01
E
•H
XI
01
(0
ee —
40 —
TJ
C
01
a
in
3
(0
29
¦*
• VoilBI °0 M °
2 BBbAJ L°lo o% a a ° ° o
n Instantaneous Discharge
-------
Suspended Sedieent <»©/l>
I I tit
M
sis i
ijlf
1* I3
fl
-------
Figure B.4-6
Suspended Sediment Rating Curue
Hudson Riuer at Stillwater
+J
c
01
E
•H
TJ
01
(0
If
01
*0
c
01
0.
in
3
(0
240
\
Dl
160 —
120
00 —
40 —
0 —
¦ lo of
'
-------
ff
c
3
¦
\
0)
E
V
•M
C
0)
E
•H
U
81
(0
U
01
"0
C
01
a
01
~
(0
ieee —
see —
see
4®e
see —
Figure B.4-7
Suspended Sediment Rating Curue
Hudson Riuer at UJaterford
o ¦
"¦ •
e —
o a
• ,y •
.5 • * •• 1
5d '
i Va
. i
l_
6
Instantaneous Discharge (cfs)
-------
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
Figure B.4-8
Sediment Load, Hudson River at Fort Edward
gXt-Ott I
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
Source: USGS Monitoring
Year
-------
f
»
$
14000
Figure B.4-9
Sediment Load, Hudson River at Schuylerville
12000
10000
5 8000
¦a 6000
2000
1976 1978 1980
Soutm: USGS Monitoring
1986
1988
1990
-------
0
s
o
40000
30000
0
>
20000
>
o
u.
10000
e:
o>
2
M
10
o
CL
4
3
2
1
0
1978
Figure B.4-10
Flows at Fort Edward and PCBs at Fort Edward
Daily Average Rows at Fort Edward
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
Year
PCB Concentrations at Fort Edward
T
~
~
a
a
i r
'One observation of 77 ug/l not plotted.
o
o
1984 1986 1988 1990
Year
1978 1980
Source: USGS Monitoring.
1982
-------
40000
30000
4
3
1978
Figure B.4-11
Flow at Fort Edward and PCBs at Schuylerville
Daily Average Flows at Fort Edward
20000
10000
1980 1982 1984 1986
Year
PCB Concentrations at Schuylerville
1988
1990
T
T
T
m
00
O
-------
Figure B.4-12
Total PCBs in Water vs. Flow
Fort Edward
2.5 -r
CD
o cr-
Q_ \
cr>
o _ =>
2 --
1.5
1 --
0.5 --
One outlying value (77 ug/l) not plotted
« A* A
A
—A
. *.
*4-
i •
««¦[ • •
~ it ~ ~
• •
A • • • ~ A
1— ^ ** * *
» • •
• A
*• • «•
A
1975-1979
•
1980-1964
~
1985-1989
»
A* •
5,000
10.000
15,000 20,000
Daily Flow (cfs)
25,000
30,000
35,000
C
w
*
mk
M
-------
Figure B.4-13
Total PCBs in Water vs. Flow
SchuyterviHe
3.5 -
3 --
2.5 --
V)
CD
O
t ^ 2
D 3
1.5
0.5
•A
• AA 4 A
A—A-A
• m •
•m •
~
A A A •!
A* A A •!
• «A
• A
• • A
•»: •
• •>
v~*T**" n
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000. ' 25.000 30,000
DaHy Flow (cfs)
- ¦
M •
• ~
1
A
1978-1979
•
1980-1964
~
1965-1989
"1
35,000
40,000 45,000
2
i
t
u
-------
Figure B.4-14
Total PCBs in Water vs. Flow
Stillwater
n
S
c
-------
Figure B.4-15
Total PCBs in Water vs. Flow
Waterfbrd
3 -r
2.5
2 --
eo
CD
O
15
"o. =>
1 --
0.5 --
A 1975-1979
• 1960-1964
~ 1985-1969
a mia a i %km • • am m •
10,000
20,000
AV
30,000
40,000
80,000
60,000
70,000
Daily Flow (cfs)
1
(n
-------
Figure B.4-16
Suspended Solids vs. Total PCBs
Stillwater
• !
~ !••
• . • •
»mtm • \ | i ~ ~
A • •
• I
A <>4
• •
A
1978-1979
•
1900-1964
~
1905-1969
so
100 ISO
Suspended Solids (mg/l)
200
250
-------
Figure B.4-17
PCS Load at Non-Scouring Flows, Stillwater, 1983
10
a
e
4
2
• a 4 e e
Load (kg/day)
Concentration nondataeta traatad mm em-haif of dataction limit*
Calandar Yaar Data. Flows 49-490 cu.a/a (1730-1736# cfa)
I i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 i i 1 f
J i i i L 1 1 i f. ¦ i i I i ¦ ¦ L
-------
Figure B.4-18
Flow - PCB Observation Pairs
Stillwater
Average
Flow
Jan Fab M>r Apr May Jun Jut
Month
T 14,000
-- 12,000
-- 10,000
-- #.000
-- 6,000
-- 4,000
Aug Sap Oct Nov Dac
*
o
a>
w\,—»
2 *2
^ *£3
«t * '
a
£2
-- £000
Flgur* B.4-18
-------
Figure B.4-19
PCB Mass Transport Corrected Mean Method Estimates
8,000 x
4,000
3,000
PCB Load
(kg/Vr)
2,000
1,000
" ¦ • Fort Edward
^ mm mm mm m
* Wwhrford: Ban
Ma (1981)
1977 1970 1979 1900 1961
1902 1903 1904 1905 1900 1907 1900 1909
Calendar Year
NOTE: Bamat (1907) v*>um ar« wrater-yMr MtiinatM not ualrtg th« ooiractad m««n method.
-------
(X !•••>
Figure B.4-20
PCB Mass Transport Past UJaterford
Corrected Mean Estimates
_J ' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I L.
-I I L.
1976
1978 198® 1982 1984
198B 1988
1996
Year
96% Confidence Interuala on Maana
-------
Figure B.4-21
PCB Mass Transport, Ft* Edward & Stillwater
Corrected Mean Estimates
4 —
Stillwatar
+
\
3 —
1 —
+ '
-+
\
Ft. Edward
tQGX Conf. Irttarual)
e —
J.
I
1976
1978
1906
1988
1964
1986
1966
1996
Year
-------
Figure B.4-22
Estimated PCB Load Past Waterford
1976
?9TT TOO dHH
Exponential Curve FH
(haN-Hfs - 3 yeara)
4,500
1,500 --
1,000 --
1990
NOTE: A hatf-Hfa of 3 yeara Indicate* PCB load* hava decreased by approximately one-half every 3 yeara.
-------
Figure B.4-23
Aroclor 1016 in Largemouth Bass (Lipid)
Riuer Mile 175
A
TJ
•H
Q.
•H
H
I
01
\
0)
18
16 —
IS —
Exponential ragrauion linai with 9BX Conrid arte ¦ Limit*
Half-lif* ¦ 3.B ysara
CD
H
©
H
L
0
H
0
0
L
-------
to
c
0
•H
+J
10
D
L
U
0)
J3
~
*
v
3)
U
C
0)
~
IT
0)
L
IL
Figure B«4-24
Simulated Auerage Total PCBs in Fish
Upper Hudson Riuer, 1991-2020
en
J I L-
e.e
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
«•
c
09
t"
M
609 3i-gaar Simulations
Auerage PCBs (ppm)
-------
= 1,880,000
R~2 » 97%
s
y 1979
jn" D
«J 1984
_l I I L.
_l I I ¦ ' '
-I I U
-J I l_
I ¦ . . . L
0.1
0.3 0.3 1.4
PCBs (ug/i water)
0.8
0.8
Lipid-Baala Madlan Ualuaa
-------
Figure B.4-26
Aroclor Levels in Yearling Pumpkinseed
Versus Summer Water-Column Total PCBs
River Mile 175
800
700
Linear FK: Arocktf 1016
600
p
• Unaar Fit Aroclor 1254
500
a>
I
CX1
300
200
100
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0
Mean Summer Total PCB Concentration in Water
(ug/D
NOTE: Aroclor lavalt In fiah am llpld-baaad.
-------
> < 1 r
Slope
-------
n
m
o
Q.
e —
A
TJ
•H
a
•H <
H
I
® 3
\ 3
01
~
5 —
2 —
1 —
e —
Figure B.4-28
Total PCBs in Largemouth Bass
\j». Sumnwr PCB Concentrations in Uatar Column at Stillwater
T
T
T
19Q2,1963
^ ~
_i i i.
0.2
e.4
e.e
0.8
£
c
PCBs (ug/i water)
Lipid-Baaia Median Ualuaa
-------
Figure B.4-29
Total PCBs in Brawn Bullhead
t». Summer PCB Concentration*1 in Uatar Column at Stillwater
A
tj
•H
a
•H 16
I
~I
\
01
3
m
o
a.
i ¦ ¦ •—i
Slope (BAF) * 2,490,908
r~2 > e*y.
1977
I960
1983,1986
3
•.a
• .4
1.6
e.s
PCBs (ug/1 water)
Lipid>Baeie Madian Ualuee
-------
River Mile (RM)
188.5
Figure B.5-1
Model Nodes and Links
188.61
188.75
,0Ui-{ 9
Conol
15
8
188.89
V 21 (
M2)
189.08
M?
u)
189.32
2T
\27
|26
) 29^
16)
189.46
mT
31/
po
(1?
j 33 /
\8)
189.63
60
64
189.78
69
67
¦n
ff
c
F
V
38.
23 22
4?T
189.93
190.08
7o
77.
79
81/
RM
190.21
190.37
190.54
190.7
190.89
191.07
191.24
191.49
191.68
191.92
192.07
192.23
Lock 7
RM
192.37
192.5
192.64
192.78
192.98
193.19
193.33
193.46
193.64
-------
Figure B.5-2
Nodal Areas
Rogers Island
Griffin Island
Thompson Island Dam
-------
38.6 -r
38.4 --
38.2 -
38.0 -
of378 " /
3^
37.6 --
<
37.4 - /
0
•
37.2 -
37.0 --
36.8
4/25/83
Figure B.5-3
Preliminary Hydraulic Calibration
1-D Model, Thompson Island Pool
° o
o
Predicted
* %
Predfeted
' °
9
»
¦ ObMIVMl
Lock 7
O OImmvwJ
$
Crackers Reef
"o-..
o
O * "o.
o
_l —I 1—
5/4/83 5/12/83
Date of Flow
H
5/16/83
-------
Figure B.6-1
Potential Exposure Pathways
-> Air
Inholotion (?)
Tap Water
Ingestion
-> Fish
Ingestion
-> Edible Crops
lngestion(?)
Feedstock (?)
-> Farm Animals
Pathways wttt quaaUona (?) Indicia thott whara
ara tlmliad or unavaitabk for a quantitathm aaaaaamant
Breast Milk (?)
Ingestion (meat or milk ?)
-------
Figure C.1-1
Overview of the FS Process
Phase 1 Phases 2 and 3
IDENTIFY
RANGE
OF
CLEAN-UP
ACTIONS
IDENTIFY
POTENTIAL
CLEAN-UP
TECHNOLOGIES
INITIAL
SCREENING
OF
TECHNOLOGIES
DETAILED
SCREENING
OF
TECHNOLOGIES
COMBINING
CLEAN-UP
TECHNOLOGIES
INTO
REMEDIAL
ALTERNATIVES
INITIAL
SCREENING
OF
REMEDIAL
ALTERNATIVES
DETAILED
EVALUATION
OF
REMEDIAL
ALTERNATIVES
?
3
.o
mA
Sou J: USEPA (1988).
-------
Figure C.4-1
PCB Content and Composition of Core 1(M>
(Above Thompson Island Dam, January 1977)
PattemA-f B
Pattern B
PCB Congener
Weight Percent
Q = 2
a = 3
a = 5
a = 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
0 ] I
hi (inches)
3 Note: CI > Number of chlorines per blphenyl.
§ Plotted PCB* composited over one Inch Intervals.
?
5 Source: Adapted from Brown, Jr. et el. (1984).
-------
Figure C.4-2
KOHPEG Process Flow Diagram
I
1 ^
- • -
VoleNet
VeMNee
1 -
Stereo* Mid
TimImmiI
—
n
N9MMIVINI
Reagent
Makeup
Wash Water
Makeup
| Source: Gabon Remediation Corporation (1991).
P
*
-------
Figure C.4-3
B.E.S.T. Process
Extraction Solvent Recovery
Solvent (to recycle)
¦Oil
Solvent (to recycle)
First
Extraction
8 40* F
iter
Solvent/Water
Solvent (to recycle)
Solids
Extraction
Stripping
Drying
Solids
Separation
8 130* F
Source: Welner (1990).
-------
Figure C.4-4
LEEP — Low Energy Extraction
Process
Contaminated
Solids
>70% Water
Contaminated Water
Clean Water
<70% Woter
Solids
Contaminated Solids
Clean
Solids
Solids
Clean Solids
Solvent
Recycled
Solvent
Contaminated
Leaching
Solvent
Water
Leaching Solvent/Water
Contaminant Extract
Contaminant
Adsorption
Solid—Liquid
Separation
Liquid—Liquid
Extraction
Leaching
Residual Solvent
Recovery
Off-Site
Incineration
Solvent
Recovery
Extraction Solvent
Makeup
Sourc*: Stelner (1991).
Figure C.4-4
-------
Figure C.4-5
Propane Extraction Process
FEED TANK
SECONDARY
COMPRESSOR
FEED PUMP
EXTRACTOR
EXTFACTOR
SOLVENT
STILL
DECANT :R 1
DECANTER 2
RAFFINATE
MAIN
COMPRESSOR
EXTRACT
PROOUCT
SOLVENT RECYCLE
FEED EXTRACTIpN PRODUCT COLLECTION SOLVENT RECOVERY
Sourct: MeGovcrn (1991).
-------
Figure C.6-1
Response Actions and Associated Generic Technologies
Retained for Further Analysis
i GENERAL ;
RESPONSE ACTION
•
I.'''4 -!w>4 1 y
i, t RDIOVAL ? I
I NON-REMOwETl
DREDGING
• Mechanical
• Hydraulic
• Special
Purpose
1
EXCAVATION
• Various
Technologies
r
CONTAINMENT
• Capping
• Retaining
Structures
IN-SfTU TREATMENT
• Chemical/
Physical
• Biodegradation
I
SEDIMENT?
TREATMENT
PHYSICAL
• Solidification/
Stabilization
• Solvent
Extraction
CHEMICAL
Dechlorination
BIOLOGICAL
• Bioreactors
THERMAL
• Incineration
• Pyrolysis
1
NO ACTION w/
INSTITUTIONAL
CONTROLS
Tf
WATER
IEATMENT
• Various
Technologies
. DISPOSAL /
< 5 * / *•
I ON-SITE | 1 UPLAND
Compiled from USEPA Guidance Material.
-------
PLATES
PHASE 1 REPORT
INTERIM CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION
HUDSON RIVER PCB REASSESSMENT RI/FS
CONTENTS
1.2-1 Upper Hudson Site
1.2-2 Lower Hudson Site
1.2-3 Thompson Island Pool and Remnant Deposits
A.1-1 Hudson River Drainage Basin Location Map
A.1-2 Lower Hudson River Surface Water Classifications
B. 1-1 Upper Hudson River USGS Monitoring Stations
B. 1-2 Upper Hudson River Water Surface Profile
B.1-3 Upper Hudson River Surface Water Classifications
B-1-4 Upper Hudson River Land Use
B.3-1 Upper Hudson River Sediment Core Locations
I
-------
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
II
-------
%
0
h >«
0 f
Z *
m 3
K o
B (J
<
~
>•
h
z
3
0
u
I
z
w
BS
K
<
*
H "
D $
0 H
J
>
-------
ALBANY,
RENSSELAER
ALBANY
GREENE
Catskil
Rip van wtakto
BriCgt
COLUMBIA i
Kinottprt—Rhifwcliff
Brid
Kingstonji
DUTCHESS
ULSTER
*( «.
/i 90
Mid—HutS*0" j ? Poughkeepsie
CONNECTICUT
Beacon
Bnaflf
PUTNAM
GRANGE
B*Qr Mounter
BrkiQt
ESTCHESTER
v)* vw/
OCXLAH DJT~
/ ^ M-30
Toppon 2«\
Bridge *
BERGEN
Wothtrmton
Br!d9
Newark in *
Q
a
* Battery
NEW YORK
CITY
Scott m mm
Legend
DO River Mite
-------
Glens Falls
Hudson Falls
200
South
.Glens Falls
Falls
Ft. Edward
Limits of Thompson
Island Pool
«0
IMJS
Thompson Mend
!i Dam
•000
3000
12000
Phase 1: Interim Characterization ft Evaluation
Legend
Hudson River PCB Reassessment RI/FS
Remnant Deposits
Thompson Island Pool and
Remnant Deposits
«0 River Mile
Note: Remnant Deposit 1, eroded
since 1984, is not shown.
Plate 1.2-3
-------
CANADA
"UWTED STATES
1 Lake
Champlain
VERMONT
s
B
m
i
&
s
5
0
ff
1
o
p
I
r
LAKE ONTARIO
PBM8YLVAMA
»U i MLXS
88TT TOO dHH
rC*
#l« / I ^
3k
UPPER
HUDSON
NEW YORK
Falls
MA88ACHUBETT8
CO
I
Ui
oofMEcncur
tor
JEW YORK
'CI1
-------
- - f-«derc'
ALBANY*
Troy
140
MASSACHUSETTS
Catskil
Rip Von Winklo
Bridge
Kingston—Rhintcliff
6ridg«
oo
Poughkeepsie
CONNECTICUT
Beer Wountain
B"°ot '
SB
Tonkers
Newark
NEW YORK
CITY
CUatiftetUoa and Boot U*
oupplf for drink/ng, cufaory or
ond ony othor umqm.
Primary contact r»croct
Waters art mHoM for
primary and
Suttobto toe
ft propagation ahol fca tuHobta for
unlaos athar foetors KntH tha «
fishing («Mopt ahalMahtog far ma
:ondory contact
-w ^.nary eontoet fcrootion,
0 and flan propagation (oo)tne).
eondocy eontoet raervation, fiaMng (aoeapt iHattflahlwg tar
fith propagation (»alirw).
Saw. iNVCm 700, at
-------
warren county
/
v°
m
38 •* mi
Snook m OrsiiWf*
41 N fri
WASHINGTON
COUNTY
fith Crwfc DraMMMi Art*
m mf
MO m
COUNTY
Ntdtey
Seesndege
-------
Reach
195-
- Ft Edward Dam (out)
- Lock 7
8
7
6
190-
185-
180-
*
&
I
ns
s
175-
170-
4
3
165-
160-
155-
150 -1
Devotion above Mean Sea Level (feet)
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
' ' I 1 1 I 1
- Lock 6 Intake
- Thompson Island Oam
- Lock 6. Ft Miller
- Lock 5. Northumberland Dam
- Lock 4, Stillwater
Lock 3.
Mechonicvflle
Jf
- Lock 2 SBB#I
Lock
•daral Lock. Tray
r
Legend
Dam
Water Surface, Fall 1976
Water Surface, Spring 1977
Note: USGS Datum
Dame not to teale
Source: Hettling et al., 1978.
PhaM 1: Interim Characterization Jt Evaluation
Hudson River PCB Reassessment RI/FS
Upper Hudson River
Water Surface Profie
, ^Arradimt
Plote B.1-2
-------
1{
< m O O
Hum 1: InUrlm Ck«notartt«UM I Sreluetloa
Hudson River PCB Reassessment RI/FS
Upper Hudson Ftiver
Surface Water Classifications
TAMSfii—m—, **A*rudisnt<*\p***m |p
lot* B.1-J
-------
IX
HI
Phut 1: Marim CfearaetarlxaUoa k tnlwUoo
Hudson River PCB Reassessment Rl/FS
Upper Hudson Rrvor
Land Use
'late B.I-4
-------
*
o
h >
0 i«
JS *
~ 3
* O
m o
<
*
y
h
z
3
o
o
I\
z
u
K
OS
<
*
0 0
0 *
J
\
HHP 001 1194
(%**• 1: laUriis CtumM:i*rSs*iicm it frthiaUcm
Hudson River PCB Reassessment RI/FSj
Upper Hudson Rivor
Seciment Core Locations
[piote B-3—1-
------- |