Analytical Methods Approved for Drinking Water Compliance
Monitoring of Radionuclides
Analysis for the following contaminants shall be conducted in accordance with the methods in the following table, or their equivalent as
determined by EPA. The methods for these contaminants are specified in 40 CFR 141.25. Additional methods are listed in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141. Monitoring requirements for these contaminants are specified in 40 CFR 141.26.
The CFR is the legal reference for approved methods and takes precedence over this table. The table should accurately reflect the
analytical methods information published in 40 CFR 141.
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides:
Gross Alpha
Natural uranium and thorium-230 are approved as gross alpha calibration standards for gross alpha with co-precipitation and evaporation methods; americium-
241 is approved with co-precipitation methods.
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
EPA 00-02
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Gross Alpha
Particle Activity in Drinking Water
by Co-precipitation
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Water (MS - 4606 M)
EPA 815-B-19-004
April 2019

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Page 2 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7110 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7110 C-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
Gross Alpha and Beta
Natural uranium and thorium-230 are approved as gross alpha calibration standards for gross alpha with co-precipitation and evaporation methods; americium-
241 is approved with co-precipitation methods.
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D7283-17
ASTM
International
Alpha and Beta Activity in Water
by Liquid Scintillation Counting
2017

ASTM International
EPA 00-01
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Gross Alpha and
Gross Beta Particle Activity in
Water
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 900.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Gross Alpha and
Gross Beta Radioactivity
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 900.0,
Rev. 1.0
EPA
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta
Radioactivity in Drinking Water
February
2017
EPA 815-B-18-002
EPA 815-B-18-002
Page 1 in
EMSL LV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples:
Determination of Gross Alpha and
Beta in Water
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSL LV 053917
Page 1 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity
in Drinking Water
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008

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Page 3 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
302
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 13th Edition
1971

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7110 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7110 B-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
7110 D-17
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2017

Standard Methods
R-1120-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
1977

USGS

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Page 4 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.



Radium-226
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D2460-97
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Alpha-
Particle-Emitting Isotopes of
Radium in Water
1997

ASTM International
D2460-07
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Alpha-
Particle-Emitting Isotopes of
Radium in Water
2007

ASTM International
D3454-97
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Radium-
226 in Water
1997

ASTM International
D3454-05
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Radium-
226 in Water
2005

ASTM International
Ra-04
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
Ra-05
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
Note: See footnote 8 in the table
at 40 CFR 141.25(a)(25); in 27th
Edition 'Ra-04' is listed as 'Ra-05'
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
EPA 903.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Alpha-Emitting
Radium Isotopes
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 903.1
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radium-226 -
Radon Emanation Technique
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA Ra-03
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006

-------
Page 5 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


Determination of Radium-226 in
Water Samples



EPA Ra-04
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Radium-226, De-
emanation Procedure
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
Page 13 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radium-226 in Drinking Water-
Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes -
Precipitation Method
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 16 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radium-226 in Drinking Water-
Radon Emanation Technique
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 19 in
EMSLLV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples:
Determination of Radium-226 and
Radium-228 in Water, Soil, Air and
Biological Tissue
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSLLV 053917
GA
Georgia
Institute of
Technology
The Determination of Radium-226
and Radium-228 in Drinking Water
by Gamma-ray Spectrometry using
HPGE or Ge(Li) Detectors, Revision
1.2
December
2004

GA
NY
NY Dept. of
Health
Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-
228 (Ra-02)
January 1980,
Revised June
1982

Radiological Sciences Institute for
Laboratories and Research, NY State
Department of Health, Albany, NY
304
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 13th Edition
1971

Standard Methods
305
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 13th Edition
1971

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods

-------
Page 6 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods

-------
Page 7 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-Ra E
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Ra E
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Ra B-
01
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2001

Standard Methods
7500-Ra C-
01
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2001

Standard Methods
7500-Ra E-
07
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2007

Standard Methods
R-1140-7 6
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
R-1141-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS

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Page 8 of 28
Radium-228
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
EPA 904.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radium-228
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA Ra-05
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Radium-228 in
Water Samples
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
Page 19 in
EMSLLV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples:
Determination of Radium-226 and
Radium-228 in Water, Soil, Air and
Biological Tissue
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSLLV 053917
Page 24 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radium-228 in Drinking Water-
Sequential Method Radium-
228/Radium-226
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
GA
Georgia
Institute of
Technology
The Determination of Radium-226
and Radium-228 in Drinking Water
by Gamma-ray Spectrometry using
HPGE or Ge(Li) Detectors, Revision
1.2
December
2004

GA
NJ
NJ Dept. of
Environmental
Protection
Determination of Ra-228 in
Drinking Water
August 1980

State of New Jersey, Department of
Environmental Protection, Trenton, NJ
NY
NY Dept. of
Health
Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-
228 (Ra-02)
January 1980,
Revised June
1982

Radiological Sciences Institute for
Laboratories and Research, NY State
Department of Health, Albany, NY
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods

-------
Page 9 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Ra E
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Ra E
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Ra D-
01
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2001

Standard Methods
7500-Ra E-
07
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2007

Standard Methods
R-1142-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
1977

USGS

-------
Page 10 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, LL,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.



Uranium
If uranium (U) is determined by mass, a 0.67 pCi/ng conversion factor must be used. This conversion factor is based on 1:1 activity ratio of U-234 and U-238,
characteristic of naturally-occurring uranium.
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D2907-97
ASTM
International
Standard Test Methods for
Microquantities of Uranium in
Water by Fluorometry
1997

ASTM International
D3972-97
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Isotopic
Uranium in Water by
Radiochemistry
1997

ASTM International
D3972-02
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Isotopic
Uranium in Water by
Radiochemistry
2002

ASTM International
D3972-09
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Isotopic
Uranium in Water by
Radiochemistry
2009

ASTM International
D5174-97
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Trace
Uranium by Pulsed Laser
Phosphorimetry
1997

ASTM International
D5174-02
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Trace
Uranium by Pulsed Laser
Phosphorimetry
2002

ASTM International
D5174-07
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Trace
Uranium by Pulsed Laser
Phosphorimetry
2007

ASTM International
D5673-03
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry
2003

ASTM International
D5673-05
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry
2005

ASTM International

-------
Page 11 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D5673-10
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry
2010

ASTM International
D5673-16
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Inductively
Coupled Plasma-Mass
Spectrometry
2016

ASTM International
D6239-09
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Uranium
in Drinking Water by High-
Resolution Alpha-Liquid
Scintillation Spectrometry
2009

ASTM International
U-02
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
U-02
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
U-04
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
U-04
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
200.8, Rev.
5.4
EPA
In Methods for the Determination
of Metals in Environmental
Samples, Supplement 1
May 1994
EPA/600/R-94/111
National Environmental Methods Index
EPA 00-07
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Thorium and
Uranium in Water
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 908.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Uranium -
Radiochemical Method
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 908.1
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032

-------
Page 12 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


Drinking Water: Uranium -
Fluorometric Method



Page 33 in
EMSL LV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples: Isotopic
Determination of Plutonium,
Uranium, and Thorium in Water,
Soil, Air and Biological Tissue
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSL LV 053917
3125
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
3125
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-U B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods

-------
Page 13 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-U C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-U B-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
7500-U C-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
R-1180-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
R-1181-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
1977

USGS

-------
Page 14 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.



R-1182-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
Man-made Radionuclides:
Gamma Emitters
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D3649-91
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1991

ASTM International
D3649-98a
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1998

ASTM International
D3649-06
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
2006

ASTM International
D4785-93
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
1993

ASTM International
D4785-00a
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
2000

ASTM International
D4785-08
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
2008

ASTM International

-------
Page 15 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
4.5.2.3
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
Ga-01-R
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
EPA 901.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radioactive
Cesium
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 901.1
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Gamma Emitting
Radionuclides
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 902.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radioactive Iodine
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
Page 92 in
EMSLLV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples: Isotopic
Analysis by Gamma Ray Spectra
using Lithium-Drifted Germanium
Detectors
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSLLV 053917
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods

-------
Page 16 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods

-------
Page 17 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7120-97
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
1997

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B-
00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
7500-1 B-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
R-1110-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
Radioactive Cesium
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D2459-72
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Gamma
Spectrometry of Water
1972

ASTM International
D3649-91
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1991

ASTM International

-------
Page 18 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D3649-98a
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1998

ASTM International
D3649-06
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
2006

ASTM International
4.5.2.3
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
Ga-01-R
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
EPA 901.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radioactive
Cesium
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 901.1
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Gamma Emitting
Radionuclides
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
Page 4 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radioactive Cesium in Drinking
Water
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 92 in
EMSLLV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples: Isotopic
Analysis by Gamma Ray Spectra
using Lithium-Drifted Germanium
Detectors
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSLLV 053917
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods

-------
Page 19 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7120-97
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
1997

Standard Methods
7500-Cs B-
00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
2000

Standard Methods

-------
Page 20 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.



R-1110-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
R-llll-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
Radioactive Iodine
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D3649-91
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1991

ASTM International
D3649-98a
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
1998

ASTM International
D3649-06
ASTM
International
Standard Practice for High
Resolution Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Water
2006

ASTM International
D4785-93
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
1993

ASTM International
D4785-00a
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
2000

ASTM International

-------
Page 21 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D4785-08
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Low-
Level Analysis of Iodine
Radioisotopes in Water
2008

ASTM International
4.5.2.3
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
Ga-01-R
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
EPA 901.1
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Gamma Emitting
Radionuclides
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 902.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Radioactive Iodine
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
Page 6 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radioactive Iodine in Drinking
Water - Precipitation Method
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 9 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radioactive Iodine in Drinking
Water - Distillation Method
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 92 in
EMSLLV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples: Isotopic
Analysis by Gamma Ray Spectra
using Lithium-Drifted Germanium
Detectors
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSLLV 053917
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods

-------
Page 22 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7120
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-1 B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods

-------
Page 23 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-1 C
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-1 D
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7120-97
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
1997

Standard Methods

-------
Page 24 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-1 B-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
7500-1 C-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
7500-1 D-00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
Radioactive Strontium 89 and 90
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
Sr-01
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
Sr-01
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
Sr-02
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 27th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300-ED.27-
Vol. 1
1990

HASL-300-Ed. 27
Sr-02
Dept. of
Homeland
Security
In EML Procedures Manual, 28th
Edition, Vol. 1, Department of
Energy Report, HASL-300
1997

HASL-300
EPA 905.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032

-------
Page 25 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


Drinking Water: Radioactive
Strontium



EPA Sr-04
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Radiostrontium
in Water, Sea Water, and other
Aqueous Media
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
Page 29 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Radioactive Strontium in Drinking
Water
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008
Page 65 in
EMSL LV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples:
Determination of Strontium-89
and Strontium-90 in Water,
Vegetation, Soil, and Biological
Tissue
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSL LV 053917
303
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 13th Edition
1971

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods

-------
Page 26 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
7500-Sr B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-Sr B-
01
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2001

Standard Methods
R-1160-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.
1977

USGS
Tritium
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
D4107-91
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Tritium
in Drinking Water
1991

ASTM International
D4107-98
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Tritium
in Drinking Water
1998

ASTM International
D4107-08
ASTM
International
Standard Test Method for Tritium
in Drinking Water
2008

ASTM International
EPA 906.0
EPA
In Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water: Tritium
August 1980
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA 600/4/80-032
EPA H-02
EPA
In Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual: Radiochemical
Determination of Tritium in Water:
Dioxane Method
June 1984
EPA 520/5-84-006
EPA 520/5-84-006
Page 34 in
EPA 600/4-
75-008
EPA
In Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water:
Tritium in Drinking Water
Revised
March 1976
EPA 600/4-75-008
600/4-75-008

-------
Page 27 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method
Page 87 in
EMSL LV
053917
EPA
In Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples:
Determination of Tritium in Water
and Biological Tissue (Direct
Method)
March 1979
EMSLLV053917
EMSL LV 053917
306
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 13th Edition
1971

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 17th Edition
1989

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 18th Edition
1992

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 19th Edition
1995

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 2Cfh Edition
1998

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition
2005

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 22nd Edition
2012

Standard Methods
7500-3H B
Standard
Methods
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 23rd Edition
2017

Standard Methods
7500-3H B-
00
Standard
Methods Online
Online version. Approval year is
designated by the last 2 digits.
Only online versions cited in the
regulations or in Appendix A to
Subpart C of Part 141 are
approved.
2000

Standard Methods
R-1171-76
U.S. Geological
Survey
In Methods for the Determination
of Radioactive Substances in
Water and Fluvial Sediments,
1977

USGS

-------
Page 28 of 28
Method
Organization
Reference Title
Date
EPA Publication
Number
Source of Method


USGS Series: Techniques of Water-
Resource Investigation. Report
Number: 05-A5; by Thatcher, L.L.,
Janzer, V.J., and Edwards, K.W.




-------