2018
l Annual
Ji Report
Water
Revolving
Funding
Water Quality
Solutions:
Expanding the
CWSRF
s>EPA
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Dear Colleagues,
I am pleased to present the 2018 Clean Water State Revolving Fund Annual Report. Each year the Report
celebrates major developments and activities in the program, and this year is no exception. This state/
federal partnership continues to support communities in meeting the challenge of paying for clean water
infrastructure projects. The 51 CWSRF programs have now passed $133 billion in assistance provided with
nearly 40,000 assistance agreements. 2018 was another banner year for CWSRF programs. You only need to
review our latest round of individually recognized SRF projects (page 14) to get a good idea of the breadth of
projects receiving CWSRF assistance.
This year's Annual Report covers a wide range of informative topics including an overview of our marketing
and outreach program, highlights of our outstanding PISCES recipients, a progress report on our database
modernization initiative, an overview of the WIFIA program's accomplishments, and a summary of our
American Iron and Steel activities. And you will find, of course, our regular features showing the annual
performance highlights and financial statements.
I particularly want to express my deep appreciation to all the state, regional,
and headquarters staff and management that have made the CWSRF
a successful leader in helping communities pay for their needed water
infrastructure.
Congratulations on another successful year.
Sincerely,
Andrew Sawyers, Ph.D., Director
Office of Wastewater Management
Office of Water
United States Environmental Protection Agency
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Expanding the CWSRF 2
American Iron and Steel 6
WIFIA Program 2018 6
SRF Database Modernization 8
2018 Financial Overview 9
CWSRF Highlighted Projects 14
State Agencies that Manage CWSRF Programs 20
2018 Annual Report | Page 1
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I
w
Funding Water Quality Solutions:
Expanding the CWSRF
The Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) is a critical tool that addresses a broad range of the nation's
water infrastructure needs. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) CWSRF's marketing initiative continues
to expand and explore new areas for growth in the program. The EPA CWSRF branch and their partners have
developed a variety of products and assistance to support state CWSRF programs in their marketing initiatives.
From providing states with products like a CWSRF marketing template that states can tailor to promote state-
specific marketing programs or facilitating relationships between the state programs and stakeholders, the
CWSRF marketing initiative takes a flexible approach to addressing water quality concerns and explores the
potential of the CWSRF to address these concerns both from a national and state perspective.
Recognizing that each state CWSRF program is unique and may have different objectives, EPA CWSRF has
sponsored a limited number of surveys and focus groups in collaboration with individual state CWSRF
programs across the country. Through these surveys and focus groups the CWSRF has gathered actionable
information from former and potential CWSRF borrowers on the real and perceived barriers to using CWSRF
financing. Whether a state is looking to increase demand or foster a better understanding of its borrower base,
surveys and focus groups have resulted in many broadly applicable lessons learned and insight into effective
marketing of the CWSRF programs. These surveys and focus groups will continue through 2019, exploring
issues like small utility consolidation and the relationship between CWSRF demand and interest rates.
Non-Traditional Eligibilities
While the CWSRF has historically funded publicly owned treatment works, the enactment of the Water
Resources and Reform Development Act in 2014 significantly expanded CWSRF eligibilities and has shifted the
focus to nonpoint source pollution which is a significant contributor to impairments in water quality. Despite
obstacles, many states have adapted their programs to promote the funding of nonpoint source projects.
2018 Annual Report | Page 2
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Vermont CWSRF NPS Sponsorship Working Group Report
Recently, the EPA CWSRF partnered with the EPA 319 Program to contribute to efforts by the Vermont CWSRF
program to make its lending program an appealing, affordable, and accessible source of funding for nonpoint
source projects. Efforts centered around the implementation of a Nonpoint Source Sponsorship Program. To
aid in this, Vermont CWSRF participated in a pilot project to build closer ties between the program and the
state nonprofit community. Vermont's goal for the pilot was to develop an effective sponsorship program via
partnerships between CWSRF borrowers and nonprofits. EPA's goal in funding the pilot was to assist state
efforts to develop relationships with nonprofit groups who can serve as potential implementers for nonpoint
source projects.
Vermont's efforts are relevant to many CWSRF programs around the country that are striving to devote
more resources to nonpoint source projects but are having difficulty attracting potential project sponsors
or borrowers to the CWSRF program. While the pilot focused on Vermont-specific barriers and limitations,
it provided key takeaways and lessons learned for states looking to increase funding for nonpoint source
projects. These findings were included in the "Vermont Nonpoint Source Sponsorship Working Group Report."
We look forward to working with other state CWSRF programs on pilots to specifically address concerns or
challenges in funding nonpoint source projects in their states.
EPA 319 Nonpoint Source Program
While many state CWSRF programs, like Vermont, are focusing on building
closer ties at the community level, EPA CWSRF has been focusing on
building partnerships with other EPA and non-EPA complementary federal
programs to explore how collaboration can create economies of scale and
leverage efforts to increase funding for water quality improvement projects.
Through our partnership with the EPA Section 319 programs EPA CWSRF
is working with states to develop nonpoint source pilot projects to assist
in increasing funding for these projects. In addition, the programs are
collaborating to release a Best Practices Guide for Funding Nonpoint Source
Projects in Summer 2019.
2018 Annual Report | Page 3
Vermont Nonpoint Source
Sponsorship Working Group Report
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EPA 320 National Estuary Program
The EPA National Estuary Program (NEP) is a program to protect and restore the water quality and ecological
integrity of estuaries of 28 estuaries of national significance located across the country. Each NEP develops and
implements a Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP), a long-term plan to address water
quality challenges and priorities.
Most water quality improvement projects implemented in estuaries, or by National Estuary Programs and
their partners, are eligible for CWSRF financing. Specifically, CWSRF projects that are located within an NEP
watershed and develop, amend, or implement a Section 320 CCMP are eligible for funding under the Clean
Water Act Section 603(c)3.
EPA CWSRF is working with EPA NEP to educate the 28 NEP programs of the opportunity for low-cost financing
through the CWSRF to fill in funding gaps. This includes speaking at NEP meetings as well as releasing the new
document, "Funding Clean Water State Revolving Fund Projects Under Clean Water Act Section 320 Authority
(National Estuary Program)" that highlights case studies of CWSRF projects implemented in National Estuary
Program watersheds using a variety of eligibilities and financing mechanisms.
Map of the Watersheds Eligible for CWSRF Funding Under Clean Water Act Section 320
Puget Sound
Lower Columbia Estuary j
Tillamook Bay
San Francisco Bay'
Morro Bay"
Santa Monica Bay'
Casco Bay
ftscataqua Region Estuaries
- Massachusetts Bay
- Buzzards Bay
Narragansett Bay
Long Island Sound
Peconic Bay
New York/New Jersey Harbor
Barnegat Bay
v Delaware Estuary
% Delaware Inland Bays
Maryland Coastal Bays
v Albemarle/Pamlico Sounds
lobile Bayj
Baratlaria-Terrebonnel
Galveston Bay Tampa Bai
I Coastal Bend Bays
Sarasota Ba^
Charlotte Harbor
Indian River Lagoon
Puerto Rico
San luan Rav
Watershed Financing Partnerships
CWSRF funding can be used to implement nonpoint source projects through Watershed Financing
Partnerships. In a typical CWSRF funding model, CWSRF assistance is delivered on a project by project basis
directly to an assistance recipient, and the assistance may not be linked to a particular watershed. In a
watershed financing partnership funding approach, the CWSRF works with a watershed partner to finance
and implement a group(s) of eligible projects within a watershed. The partner(s) may act as a broker, an
intermediary funding projects, or a recipient of CWSRF assistance. The broad range of eligibilities, assistance
recipients, and the various types of financial assistance available to CWSRF programs make them uniquely
positioned to support many kinds of watershed financing partnerships.
EPA headquarters has developed a program bulletin on the concept of Watershed Financing Partnerships. To
access this bulletin, please email CWSRF(a)epa.gov.
2018 Annual Report | Page 4
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Asset Management and the Clean Water State Revolving Fund
EPA CWSRF has been working on different types of marketing and outreach projects to help define asset
management plans and highlight the benefits of implementing these plans to both states and CWSRF
borrowers, some of which are major water and wastewater utilities. An Asset Management Plan (AMP) is an
eligible CWSRF expense and is defined as a set of practices used to ensure that utility assets provide a level
of service that meets the needs of utility customers at both the lowest life-cycle cost and an acceptable level
of risk. Asset management methods track inventory, the condition of that inventory, service levels, useful life,
and repair costs, and use that information to produce insights regarding where, how much, and when to invest
in system maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement. This puts utilities in control of changing resource
demands and emerging regulations, improving both their competitive position and service reliability.
Currently, there is an Asset Management Plan Activity Update under development by the CWSRF Marketing
and Outreach Team which is meant to inform the public about innovative ideas and changes that are taking
place in the CWSRF program. Once completed, this document will be available for viewing and distribution
on our website and will describe what the components and requirements of an asset management plan
are, as well as the incentives to borrowers who implement an asset management plan into their projects.
These incentives include increased funding, interest-rate reductions on loans, priority and bonus points, and
principal forgiveness. The minimum requirement for eligibility for these incentives varies from state to state.
CWSRF programs that provide incentives and educate their borrowers on their specific requirements for the
development of an asset management plan offer borrowers the opportunity to finance more affordable loans
and also help them establish effective accountability, communication, and momentum in establishing an Asset
Management plan.
The CWSRF is also in the process of planning a webinar giving an overview of the CWSRF program and
highlighting project success stories that illustrate key ways that states have promoted the funding of Asset
Management Plans to their borrowers.
2018 Annual Report || Page 5
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American Iron and Steel 2018
The American Iron and Steel (A1S) provision requires CWSRF and Drinking Water State Revolving Fund
(DWSRF) assistance recipients to use iron and steel products that are produced in the United States. Since
the enactment of the AIS provision in 2014, the Agency's AIS team has provided training and outreach to SRF
assistance recipients, states, and others interested groups and individuals to ensure smooth implementation
of the law. To this end, the AIS team has performed over 300 outreach site visits to SRF recipients in every
state since the AIS requirements were enacted, providing SRF recipients a thorough understanding of how to
comply with the law. In 2018, the team conducted five in-person trainings in four states. The team continued
to educate manufacturers of water infrastructure products through talks at conferences and webinars. Two
refresher webinars are scheduled for early 2019, one for manufacturers and their representatives, and one
focusing on issues affecting states and recipients.
In 2018, we achieved a significant milestone by clearing the accumulation of pending waiver decisions. The
waiver review process has been affirmed and we expect future requests to be processed in a timely manner.
The AIS team continues to assist the United States Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities Service with
the implementation of AIS requirements for their new water infrastructure grants. State SRF programs, SRF
assistance recipients and manufacturers are strongly encouraged to contact SRF AIS(a)epa.gov with any
questions, comments or training requests.
WIFIA Program 2018
In 2018, the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (WIFIA) program closed seven loans totaling
nearly $2 billion in loans to help finance over $4 billion for water infrastructure projects. Several of these
projects are financed in part by SRF dollars. In April 2018, the WIFIA program closed its first-ever loan to King
County, Washington to help finance its Georgetown Wet Weather Treatment Station. The project is estimated
to cost $275 million and EPA's WIFIA loan will help finance nearly half that—up to $134.5 million. The other six
loans closed by the WIFIA program in 2018 are:
• City of Omaha's Saddle Creek Combined Sewer Overflow Retention Treatment Basin ($69.7 million)
• San Francisco Public Utilities Commission's Southeast Water Pollution Control Plant Biosolids Digester
Facilities Project ($699 million)
• Orange County Water District's Groundwater Replenishment System Final Expansion ($135 million)
• Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District's Deer Creek Sanitary Tunnel ($47.7 million)
• City of San Diego's Pure Water Project ($614 million)
• Baltimore City Department of Public Works' Comprehensive Wastewater Repair, Rehabilitation, and
Replacement Program ($202 million)
2018 Annual Report | Page 6
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In total, the WIFIA loans will save borrowers approximately $705 million and create over 6,000 jobs. More
information is available at https://www.epa.gOv/wifia/wifia-financine-requests#selectedproiects.
In November 2018, the WIFIA program invited 39 projects in 16 states and Washington, D.C. to apply for WIFIA
loans. Together, the selected borrowers will receive WIFIA loans totaling up to $5 billion to help finance over
$10 billion in water infrastructure investments and create up to 155,000 jobs. These loans will allow large
and small communities across the country to implement projects to address two national water priorities
- providing for clean and safe drinking water including reducing exposure to lead and other contaminants
and addressing aging water infrastructure. More information is available at https://www.epa.gov/wifia/wifia-
selected-proiects
1. City of Seattle
Ship Canal Water Quality Project
2. City of Hillsboro & Tualatin Valley WD
Willamette Water Supply Program
3. San Juan Water District
Reservoir Rehab and Replacement
4. City of Antioch
Brackish Water Desalination
5. City of Stockton
Wastewater Control Facility Modifications
6. San Mateo-Foster City
WWTP Upgrade and Expansion
7. Silicon Valley Clean Water
SVCW RESCU
8. City of Sunnyvale
Cleanwater Program Phase 2
9. City of Los Angeles
Advanced Water Purification Facility
10. Sanitation Dist. No. 2 of Los Angeles County
Water Pollution Control Plant
11. Inland Empre Utilities Agency
Rp-5 Expansion Project
12. Coachella Valley Water District
Stomnwater Channel Improvement
13. Coachella Valley Water District
North Indio Flood Control
14. Poseidon Resources
Carlsbad Intake Project
15. City of Phoenix
Water Main Replacement Program
16. Enid Muncipal Authority
KLWS Pipeline
17. City of Wichita
Northwest WWTF
IS. Kansas City Water Services Dept
Blue River WWTP Biosolids Facility
19. City of Frontenac
Capital Improvements
20. American Water Capital Corp
Joplin Water Supply Reservoir
21. American Water Capital Corp
St. Louts Water Main Replacement
22. City of Memphis
WWF Process and Biosolids Upgrades
23. Louisville & Jefferson County MSD
Upper Middle Fork Pump Station
24. Louisville & Jefferson County MSD
Ohio River Rood Protection Pump Station
25. Louisville & Jefferson County MSD
Biosolids Processing Solution
26. City of Waukesha Water Utility
Great Lake Water Supply Project
27. Monroe County
Secondary Treatment Upgrades
28. City of Cortland
Clinton Avenue Gateway
29. Narragansett Bay Commission
CSO Phase III Facilities
30. City of Lancaster
Sewer System Improvements
31. DC Water & Sewer Authority
Capital Improvements
32.Brunswick County
Northwest WTP Improvements
33. Dekalb County
PASARP Consent Decree
34. City of Atlanta
North Fork Tank and Pump Station
35. Pinellas County
Water Reclamation Facility Improvements
36. Tohopekaliga Water Authority
Gravity Sewer Assessment
37. North Miami Beach Water
Potable Water Improvements
38. Miami-Dade County
WWTP Building Upgrade
39. Florida Keys Aquaduct Authority
imperiled Water Supply Rehab
FY 2018
WIFIA
Projects
$5B
WIFIA Loans
$10B
Project Costs
2018 Annual Report | Page 7
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To help streamline CWSRF and DWSRF data collection, OWM partnered with EPA's Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water (OGWDW) to modernize and consolidate the multiple databases currently used to collect SRF
performance information into a single system. Through this effort, we will collect the required information
needed to meet our oversight responsibilities while minimizing the reporting burden placed on our state
partners.
Over the past year, OWM and OGWDW worked actively with our state and regional partners to solicit feedback
on what data should be collected by the new system. This was accomplished by conducting an extensive
review of the data being collected by the current systems and determining which data fields should continue,
which data field should be revised, and which data fields should be archived. Additionally, we solicited
feedback regarding what functions, features, and reports should be included as part the modernization
effort. One of the most popular recommendations was the ability for states to upload data directly from their
databases into the new system. Other recommendations included the ability to create tailored reports and to
export data in a variety of accessible formats, including Microsoft Excel. The new system is estimated to go live
by late 2020.
2018 Annual Report | Page 8
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The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires an annual financial audit of the 51 state-level CWSRF programs. Each
state and Puerto Rico conducts these audits according to the generally accepted accounting standards (GAAP)
established by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). States often define their CWRSF
programs as ongoing enterprise funds under the GASB definitions of funds.
2018 Financial Highlights
• The CWSRF programs provided over $6.8 billion in funding for high priority water infrastructure and
other water quality projects. Cumulatively, CWSRF programs have provided $133 biilion in assistance,
mainly in the form of low cost financing, to a wide range of eligible borrowers.
• Since 2009, approximately $4.2 billion has been provided as additional subsidy in the form of direct
grants and principal forgiveness. Approximately $250 million was provided in 2018 alone.
• Total assets are approximately $72 billion. This represented a $1.5 billion increase from the previous
year.
• Net assets have exceeded $51 billion. This is a $1.4 billion increase from the previous year.
• In 2018, federal contributions were over $1.2 billion.
• In 2018, operating revenues exceeded operating expenses by over $80 million.
• In 2018, earnings from loans and investments exceeded $1.3 billion.
• The CWSRF programs issued nearly $2 billion in leveraged bonds to provide additional funding for
projects.
National aggregate financial statements were developed using data entered in EPA's National Information
Management System between July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Because the 51 CWSRF programs are
independent state-level entities, no nationally audited CWSRF program financial reports are available. The
financial statements are non-audited, cash-based financial reports. The four statements are described below.
Statement of Fund Activity (Page 10)
Provides an overview of major indicators of fund activity, including capitalization grant levels, project
commitments, project disbursements, and subsidies provided. Both annual and cumulative data are given.
Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Earnings (Page 11)
Describes the overall performance of the CWSRF fund over the reporting period that is reflected in the
increase or decrease in net assets.
Statement of Cash Flows (Page 12)
Provides a detailed accounting of the actual flow of cash into and out of the CWSRF fund.
Statement of Net Assets (Page 13)
Describes CWSRF assets and liabilities through the end of the fiscal year. Assets include financial assets and
capital assets. Liabilities include both current and long-term liabilities. CWSRF assets include grant funds that
have been drawn from the federal treasury to date, but do not include total grant awards. CWSRF assets also
include state matching contributions that have been deposited in the fund.
2018 Annual Report | Page 9
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Statement of Fund Activity (Millions of Dollars)
Annual Fund Activity
FY 2017
FY 2018
Federai Capitalization Grants
996.5
1,364.5
State Matching Funds
220.1
560.6
New Funds Available for Assistance
6,625.9
6,567.9
Executed Assistance Agreements
7,451.9
6,788.7
Project Disbursements
6,368.5
6,255.4
Cash Draws from Federal Capitalization Grants
1,259.7
1,225.7
Total Annual Subsidy
300.1
250.8
Grants
101.5
19.9
Negative interest
0.0
0.0
Principal Forgiveness
198.6
231.0
Cumulative Fund Activity
Federal Capitalization Grants
41,978.7
43,343.2
State Matching Funds
7,873.7
8,434.2
Funds Available for Assistance
128,120.2
134,688.1
Executed Assistance Agreements
126,190.0
132,978.7
Project Disbursements
110,188.1
116,443.6
Cash Draws from Federal Capitalization Grants
40,508.9
41,734.6
Total Cumulative Subsidy
4,596.2
4,847.0
Grants
634.9
654.7
Negative Interest
0.0
0.0
Principal Forgiveness
3,961.3
4,192.2
2018 Annual Report | Page 10
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Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Earnings
(Millions of Dollars)
Operating Revenues
FY 2017
FY 2018
Interest on Investments
254.8
325.1
Interest on Loans
979.8
989.9
Total Operating Revenues
1,234.6
1,315.0
Operating Expenses
Bond Interest Expense
866.8
907.5
Amortized Bond Issuance Expense
18.7
27.0
Administrative Expenses
61.4
49.0
Additional Subsidy Provided
300.1
250.8
Total Expenses
1,247.0
1,234.3
Nonoperating Revenues and Expenses
Federal Contribution (Cash Draws)
1,259.7
1,225.7
State Contributions
151.4
152.6
Transfers from (to) DWSRF
(1.9)
(61.4)
Total Nonoperating Revenues (Expenses)
1,409.1
1,317.0
Increase (Decrease) in Met Assets
1,396.7
1,397.7
Net Assets
Beginning of Year
48,268.9
49,665.6
End of Year
49,665.6
51,063.3
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2018 Annual Report | Page 11
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Statement of Cash Flows (Millions of Dollars)
Operating Activities
FY 2017
FY 2018
Cash Draws from Federal Capitalization Grants
1,259.7
1,225.7
Contributions from States
151.4
152.6
Loan Disbursements (Including Additional Subsidy)
(6,368.5)
(6,255.4)
Loan Principal Repayments
3,930.8
4,110.4
Interest Received on Loans
979.8
989.9
Administrative Expenses
(61.4)
(49.0)
Total Cash Flows from Operating Activities
(108.2)
174.2
Noncapital Financing Activities
Gross Leveraged Bond Proceeds
2,215.4
1,962.8
Bond Issuance Expense
(18.7)
(13.3)
State Match Bond Proceeds
68.8
407.9
Cash Received from Transfers with DWSRF
(1.9)
(61.4)
Interest Paid on Leveraged and State Match Bonds
(866.8)
(907.5)
CWSRF Funds Used for Refunding
(23.0)
0.0
Principal Repayment of Leveraged Bonds
(1,470.7)
(2,102.4)
Principal Repayment of State Match Bonds
(65.8)
(133.4)
Net Cash Provided by Noncapital Financing Activities
(162.7)
(847.2)
Investing Activities
Interest Received on Investments
254.8
325.1
Release (Deposit) of Leveraged Bond Debt Service Reserve
32.0
281.4
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities
286.7
606.4
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
15.9
(66.5)
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Beginning of Year
13,624.1
13,640.0
End of Year
13,640.0
13,573.4
2018 Annual Report | Page 12
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Statement of Net Assets (Millions of Dollars)
Assets
FY 2017
FY 2018
Cash and Cash Equivalents
13,640.0
13,573.4
Debt Service Reserve - Leveraged Bonds
3,642.3
3,360.9
Loans Outstanding
52,889.0
54,783.3
Unamortized Bond Issuance Expenses*
256.8
243.1
Total Assets
70,428.0
71,960.7
Liabilities
Match Bonds Outstanding
607.5
882.0
Leveraged Bonds Outstanding
20,155.0
20,015.4
Total Liabilities
20,762.4
20,897.4
Net Assets
Federal Contributions (Cash Draws)
40,508.9
41,734.6
State Contributions
5,648.6
5,801.3
Transfers - Other SRF Funds
(534.3)
(595.6)
Other Net Assets
4,042.3
4,123.1
Total Net Assets
49,665.6
51,063.3
Total Liabilities and Net Assets
70,428.0
71,960.7
* Unamortized Bond Issuance Expenses are costs that have been incurred but have not been fully recognized
(amortized). These costs will be recognized (amortized) overtime over the remaining life of the bonds
outstanding, similar to a pre-paid expense, and consistent with GAAP.
2018 Annual Report | Page 13
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The Clean Water State Revolving Fund's Performance and Innovation in the SRF Creating
Environmental Success (PISCES) program allows assistance recipients to gain national
recognition for exceptional projects funded by the CWSRF. Participating state programs
each nominated one project that demonstrates one or more of the evaluation criteria:
• Water Quality, Public Health, or Economic Benefits
• Sustainability
• Innovation
Projects eligible for recognition may be any size but must have an executed assistance agreement in place.
Also, projects may be operational or in the planning phase. After ail project nominations were reviewed, EPA
selected five exceptional projects for further recognition. These five projects demonstrated excellence in
matching the PISCES criteria and pushed the envelope for being innovative in using the CWSRF to achieve clean
water for their communities. Several additional projects closely demonstrated this level of innovation and are
recognized as an Honorable Mention. This Annual Report highlights both the Exceptional Projects and those
projects chosen as Honorable Mentions.
Exceptional Projects
b r Program: Delaware Clean Water State Revolving Fund
Assistance Recipient: City of Wilmington
f Project Title: Renewable Energy and Biosolids Facility
\ The City of Wilmington's wastewater treatment facility received a $36
¦ million CWSRF loan (largest in the program at the time) to construct
a renewable energy and biosolids facility for its treatment plant.
This new facility captures previously flared off methane gas from
the plant's anaerobic digester and gas from a nearby landfill and uses it to power two reciprocating
internal combustion engines that generate four megawatts of electricity. This offsets the treatment
facility's electricity needs by 90 percent. These reductions in electricity and solid waste disposal
¦ costs are estimated to save the City $16.7 million over 20 years.
¦ This project also sponsored a $3.4 million CWSRF loan for the permanent conservation of 22
acres of wetlands in the historic Southbridge region. This sponsored project was funded with
the savings made from having the total loan interest rate reduced. The two loans have the same
annual debt service of the original loan which means conserving the wetlands required no extra funds. This has
led to an application from the City for an additional $15.2 million CWSRF loan to remediate the wetlands for
flood control and stormwater management for the nearby Southbridge community.
2018 Annual Report | Page 14
PISCES
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Program: Kansas Water Pollution Control Revolving Fund
Assistance recipient. Dodge City
Project Title: Biogas Reuse to Motor Fuel
Dodge City adopted an innovative approach to processing their wastewater
byproducts. In recent years, the Dodge City South Wastewater Treatment
Plant received an EPA grant towards a project to reuse 100 percent of its 1.7 billion gallons a year of treated
effluent as irrigation for over 3,000 acres of agricultural fields, conserving groundwater for the public water
supply. This treatment process produced a significant amount of carbon dioxide and methane gas, which
were then burned off in a flare.
This new project plans to clean and pressurize the biogas to high quality
natural gas that can be used as fuel. This process will occur by removing
water from the gas and using pressure swing adsorption molecular
sieves to separate the gasses. A more purified methane biogas will
then be pumped to a nearby gas line and entered into the commercial
market as a renewal resource. The methane will be sold by the City as
motor vehicle fuel across the Midwest. The project costs are expected
to be less than $10 million and the City expects to receive about $2.5
million a year in revenue from methane sales. The annual amount of
methane fuel produced is estimated to be the equivalent of 3.5 million gallons of gasoline per year.
! PISCES)
L J
Program: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Assistance Recipient: South Monmouth Regional Sewerage Authority
Project Title: Pump Station Resiliency Initiative
The South Monmouth Regional Sewerage Authority (SMRSA) operates a sewage
treatment plant and a conveyance system servicing several coastal communities
that have recently experienced extreme weather events. Using the NJ Water Bank's
Statewide Assistance Infrastructure Loan (SAIL) Program, SRF funds were used to provide
short-term financing to SMRSA as an advance for Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) assistance to build three resilient pump stations.
Two of these pump stations are fully operational mobile units that can be disconnected
during a severe storm and hauled to a safe location. Once the storm subsides, the
mobile stations are returned and reconnected. These mobile resilient pump stations (MRPS) contain main
electrical components, computer equipment, and an emergency generator all located on a mobile trailer
at the original pump station site. Older pump stations in coastal areas have received serious damage in
recent years, costing millions of dollars to repair and left the
community without sewer services. The MRPS limits the
disruption in conveyance, minimizes sewer overflows, and
saved SMRSA millions of dollars by preventing damage from
future storms. The third pump station replaced an older station
that was in a 100-year flood zone. This new pump station is
a permanent fixture designed to look like the neighboring
residential housing and was placed outside the floodplain. All
three of these pump stations were made possible through the
NJ Water Bank's SAIL Program which helped SMRSA save an
estimated $1.9 million in short and long-term interest costs.
(PISCES:
L j
2018 Annual Report | Page 15
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Program: Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
Assistance Recipient: City of Prineville
Project Title: Crooked River Wetlands Complex
Several years ago, the City of Prineville needed to increase their wastewater
treatment capacity to keep up with the City's growth. A new treatment plant
was estimated to cost $62 million, so the City opted to look for a more cost-
effective option. The City received a grant to fund a groundwater study and
conduct a pilot using a constructed wetland for wastewater treatment. The
results of the pilot were promising, so the 120-acre Crooked River Wetlands Complex was designed and
constructed to reduce instream water temperature and augment stream flow to meet the effluent limits in
the City's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) wastewater permit.
The project has over 2 miles of riparian improvements and over 5.4
miles of new trails for recreational use - of which 3.25 miles are
paved for use year-round. The complex also serves as an outdoor
classroom, and to date approximately 500 school children have
visited the complex for educational opportunities. The wetland
wastewater treatment system cost $7,7 million to construct, saving
the City $54 million by eliminating the need to build a traditional
treatment plant. Overall, this innovative project expanded the
City's wastewater capacity, lowered residential and business
system development charges, stabilized monthly wastewater rates,
created a new public hiking trail system with numerous educational
opportunities, and improved riparian and instream conditions in the
Crooked River.
PISCES
h Program: Texas Water Development Board
I Assistance Recipient: City of Wichita Falls
_ Project Title: Permanent Reuse Project
The increasingly drought prone City of Wichita Falls has proposed a permanent
| reuse project that will deliver indirect potable reuse water from the River Road
Wastewater Treatment Plant to the City's raw water source, the Arrowhead Lake.
1 This $33.5 million CWSRF loan is a green project reserve loan with over $252,000
of principal forgiveness. When complete, this project will allow the plant to meet
\ l { stringent effluent limits that will allow up to 16 Million Gallons Per Day (MGD) of
processed wastewater to be added to the lake.
Improvements will consist of a chemical coagulation, filtration, and
reaeration system along with a new pump station and a 15-mile
outfall pipeline that will run to the lake to make the City compliant
with the newly established Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (TPDES) discharge requirements. In recent years, Wichita
Falls imposed strict water restrictions on the community, which have
reduced the average MGD use by approximately 72 percent during
the summer season. This reuse system will provide a long-term
solution that will assist the City in meeting their source water needs.
All PISCES photos courtesy of
related projects.
2018 Annual Report | Page 16
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PISCES Honorable Mentions 2018
Project: Water Reclamation Facility
PROGRAM: CALIFORNIA SRF The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) used
RECIPIENT: San Francisco PUC CWSRF financing to install green infrastructure best management
Project: Lake Merced Green Infrastructure Practices within the disadvantaged neighborhood of ingleside in
San Francisco to reduce the volume of stormwater entering the
combined sewer collection system and the San Francisco Bay. The project converted nine blocks of Holloway Avenue,
a two-acre drainage area that was nearly 100% paved, into a greener, more pedestrian- and bike-friendly corridor. The
project includes multifunctional green infrastructure technologies, such as vegetated bioretention planters, pervious
pavement, underdrains, and a solar powered irrigation system, which together will manage an estimated 950,000
gallons of stormwater each year. The complete retrofit of this corridor into a green street encourages pedestrian and
bicycle traffic along this important linkage between San Francisco State University and the City College/Balboa Bay Area
Regional Transit station. In addition to its water quality benefits, the project beautified an urban residential street within
a disadvantaged community by creating new green spaces and a more pleasant streetscape.
PROGRAM: COLORADO SRF 'n 2012, the State of Colorado set water quality standards in the State's
RECIPIENT" City of DURANGO waterways and numeric effluent limits for wastewater dischargers.
The expanding City of Durango needed to upgrade its Santa Rita Water
Reclamation Facility (SRWRF) to meet these new regulations for its 18,000
customers. The last time the plant was upgraded was 36 years ago, so the decision was made to upgrade the plant to a
Johannesburg secondary treatment facility to enhance performance, operation, redundancy, and capacity deficiencies.
Upgrades include a second anaerobic digester and micro turbine system that is expected to produce 80 kilowatts of
power, doubling the plant's current power generation. A high-speed turbo secondary blower system will be installed,
which will result in 30 percent in annual energy savings compared to the current blowers. A fats, oil, and grease receiving
station will be built that will significantly increase the amount of renewable energy the anaerobic digesters produce.
Primary clarifiers will now be active primary clarifiers, increasing the efficiency in primary sludge removal and enabling
the anaerobic digesters to generate additional biogas. Finally, biosolids will be dewatered by a Fournier dewatering rotary
press that will reduce the annual $250,000 cost for hauling and disposing biosolids.
PROGRAM: Florida SRF The City of Cocoa Beach constructed an urban stormwater
RECIPIENT: City of Cocoa Beach project that will reduce nutrients from entering into the
Project: Stormwater/Streetscape Improvements Banana River Lag°on'which is Part of the lndian River Lag°on
system, a designated Estuary of National Significance. This
project treats stormwater from an 8.34-acre watershed by using Low-Impact Design (LID) best management practices
which include native landscape bioswales/tree filters, underground exfiltration, and pervious pavement. Sorption media
was also used to further reduce nitrogen and phosphorous from seeping into the groundwater. The total construction
costs for this project were $5.2 million of which the CWSRF financed $1.8 million that was used to match a 319 Nonpoint
Source grant. This large green infrastructure project reduced nutrient loading for the Indian River Lagoon and has also
added an aesthetic value along City streets which is said to have attracted new businesses to the area.
PROGRAM: Idaho DEQ The City of Nampa, with its population of approximately 91,000, showed
RECIPIENT: City of Nampa foresight and determination to address their wastewater quality needs by
committing to $165 million in financing from the Idaho's Department of
Environmental Quality's State Revolving Fund. These funds will be used to
upgrade the existing wastewater treatment facility to meet the future standard phosphorus limit of 0.1 milligrams per
liter by 2026 and to also meet summer seasonal temperature limits. With such a large project for a city of this size, a
three-phase funding approach was adopted to fund the City's Capital Improvement Plan over a 30-year period with
an interest rate of 1.68 percent. It is estimated that the City will save $38 million by using these flexible SRF terms and
by avoiding the market's transaction costs and other various fees. For the three phase upgrades, Phase I will include a
primary effluent pump station, a third aeration basin, an anaerobic digester, and a solids handling facility. Phase II will
bring a fourth aeration basin, tertiary filtration, ultraviolet disinfection, side-stream phosphorus removal, a new primary
thickening process, a fifth anaerobic digester, and expand the solids handling facility. Phase III will include individual pump
stations and pipelines for irrigation and industrial conveyance, along with internal mixed liquor return pumps for the
activated sludge process.
2018 Annual Report | Page 17
Project: Treatment Plant Upgrade
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PROGRAM' Kentucky SRF Located in central Kentucky, Lincoln County constructed a
~ . _ _ _ sanitary sewage system to service 535 previously unsewered
Recipient: Lincoln County Sanitation District . ..
residential and 50 previously unsewered commercial customers.
Project: Junction City to Hustonville Sewer T1.
This new collection system was a critical upgrade because it
replaced 223 failing septic tanks, 101 straight pipes, and 2 package treatment plants that resulted in the direct discharge
of raw sewage. This raw sewage was a direct public health issue with documented findings of pathogens and E. coli
contaminations in local waterbodies. Additionally, an elementary school in the area retired an inadequate sewage
treatment package plant, which meant the school cafeteria's dishwashers could no longer be used due to the capacity
overload. Instead, meals were served on styrofoam trays with plastic utensils at a large cost to the school district. These
problems were mitigated with the new conveyance system, which was made possible through the collaboration of many
supporting partners including the Kentucky Infrastructure Authority CWSRF who provided over $4 million in financing
towards the overall project costs.
nji * ibip mr The Lewiston-Auburn Water Pollution Control Authority
Program: Maine SRF . . ... .
^ . LAWPCA needed new options for disposal of their biosolids due
Recipient: Lewiston-Auburn WPC Authority : . . . „ ... . , . .
to rising costs for application to farm fields. LAWPCA received
Ebojici: Anaerobic Digestion & Coseneration a one percent interest SRF |oan t0 construct an anaerob|c
digestion facility to reduce their biosolids capacity. The project had the added benefit of producing significant amounts
of electricity, which is used to power the water reclamation facility. The project's two 230-kilowatt biogas cogeneration
engines produce an average of 200,000-kilowatt hours per month and have gone as high 380,000-kilowatt hours in some
months. This self-generated power significantly reduces the facility's energy costs, and the low interest rate financing
made this project affordable. LAWPCA turned a problem into a success by converting their biosolid disposal issue into a
process that now produces energy for the facility without raising rates for their community.
Recipient: Town of Grafton
Project: Treatment Plant Upgrade
PROGRAM' MASSACHUSETTS SRF 'n keeping UP w'th new nitrogen and phosphorus effluent limit standards, the
town of Grafton implemented a series of treatment plant upgrades to improve
nutrient loading for the Blackstone River. Grafton uses both decentralized
wastewater treatment as well as a sewer system that is serviced by a secondary
treatment facility to service its population of 15,000. Their loan financed 14 projects, which include upgrades to the
treatment facility that address nutrient removal, water efficiency, energy efficiency, and green infrastructure. These
upgrades included the installation of a 300-kilowatt solar photovoltaic system, a green roof, a new UV system to replace
a sodium hypochlorite system, installation of pervious walkways, upgrades to aeration tanks, a new grit separator, new
daylighting windows, lighting conversion to LEDs, and Energy Star domestic hot water heaters. These improvements will
significantly reduce electricity costs and produce a higher effluent quality for Grafton's treatment facility.
PROGRAM' Ohio EPA '"a'
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source benefit by reducing sediment and nutrients from flowing into the neighboring North Boggy Creek. Overall, these
repairs reduce the risk of a dam breach while improving the water quality of the lake which is on Oklahoma's 303(d)
Impaired Waters List.
Program: Pennsylvania PENNVEST
Recipient: City of Reading
Project: Solids & Liquids Treatment Upgrade
EPA Region 3's largest CWSRF project undertaken to date is
a complete upgrade of the sludge handling facility for the
City of Reading's wastewater treatment plant. With a service
population of 137,800 residents, Reading is Pennsylvania's
fifth largest city and a financially distressed municipality. PENNVEST, Pennsylvania's infrastructure investment authority,
financed this CWSRF project for $149 million at 1 percent interest for 20 years, which produced a calculated subsidy
value of more than $21 million. The existing trickling filter plant is being upgraded to an extended aeration activated
sludge plant that will use energy efficient variable speed motors and linear Motion Mixers in the digesters that use 70
percent less power than conventional mixers. This project will replace the previously overloaded system and will improve
the water quality for the Schuylkill River and the Delaware Estuary which are both important culturally, economically, and
recreationally for the distressed area.
2013 PISCES Recognized Projects
4 Cullman Wastewater Treatment Plant
Improvements, AL
4 Kodiak Compost Facility, Al<
4 Lake Peachtree Dam Spillway, GA
4 West Monroe Solar Panel Farm, LA
4 Cumberland Combined Sewer Overflow
Storage Facility, MD
4 East Lansing Headworks Upgrades and
Outfall Retrofit Into a Relief Interceptor,
Ml
4 Afton Stormwater Green Infrastructure
and Advanced Wastewater Treatment,
MN
Liberty Design-Build Wastewater
Treatment Facility, MO
4 Cuba Solids Handling and Effluent Reuse,
NM
4 Wellington Avenue CSO Treatment
Facility Upgrade, Rl
4 Reedy River Basin Sewer Tunnel, SC
4 Waterbury Wastewater Treatment
Facility Upgrade, VT
4 Harrisonburg-Rockingham Regional
Sewer Authority Biogas Recovery &
Reuse, VA
4 Squalicum Creek Water Quality and
Biotic Integrity Improvements, WA
4 Pennsboro Wastewater System
Improvement Project, WV
More information about all of the exciting 2018 PISCES Projects
can be found in the 2018 PISCES Compendium, which can be
accessed at
www.epa.gov/cwsrf/pisce
2018 Annual Report | Page 19
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EPA Region 1 — Boston, Massachusetts
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
Connecticut Office of the Treasurer
Maine Municipal Bond Bank
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Massachusetts Water Pollution Abatement Trust
Massachusetts Department of Environmental
Protection
New Hampshire Department of Environmental
Services
Rhode Island Clean Water Finance Agency
Rhode Island Department of Environmental
Management
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
Vermont Municipal Bond Bank
EPA Region 2 — New York, New York
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
New Jersey Environmental Infrastructure Trust
New York State Environmental Facilities Corporation
New York Department of Environmental Conservation
Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board
Puerto Rico Infrastructure Financing Authority
EPA Region 3 — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control
Maryland Department of the Environment
Pennsylvania Infrastructure Investment Authority
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Protection
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
Virginia Resources Authority
West Virginia Development Authority
West Virginia Department of Environmental
Protection
West Virginia Infrastructure and Jobs Development
Council
EPA Region 4 — Atlanta, Georgia
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority
Georgia Environmental Protection Division
Kentucky Infrastructure Authority
Kentucky Division of Water
Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality
North Carolina Department of Environmental and
Natural Resources
South Carolina Department of Health and
Environmental Control
South Carolina Budget and Control Board
Tennessee Department of Environment and
Conservation
Tennessee Comptroller of the Treasury
EPA Region 5 — Chicago, Illinois
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Indiana Finance Authority
Indiana State Budget Agency
Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Michigan Municipal Bond Authority
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Minnesota Public Facilities Authority
Minnesota Department of Agriculture
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
Ohio Water Development Authority
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Wisconsin Department of Administration
EPA Region 6 — Dallas, Texas
Arkansas Natural Resources Commission
Arkansas Development Finance Authority
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
New Mexico Environment Department
Oklahoma Water Resources Board
Texas Water Development Board
2018 Annual Report | Page 20
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EPA Region 7 — Kansas City, Missouri
Iowa Department of Natural Resources
Iowa Finance Authority
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
Kansas Department of Administration
Kansas Development Finance Authority
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Missouri Environmental Improvement and
Energy Resources Authority
Nebraska Department of Environmental
Quality
Nebraska Investment Finance Authority
EPA Region 8 — Denver, Colorado
Colorado Water Resources and Power
Development Authority
Colorado Department of Public Health and
Environment
Colorado Department of Local Affairs
Montana Department of Environmental Quality
Montana Department of Natural Resources and
Conservation
North Dakota Department of Health
North Dakota Public Finance Authority
South Dakota Department of Environment and
Natural Resources
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
Wyoming Office of State Lands and Investments
EPA Region 9 — San Francisco, California
Arizona Water Infrastructure Finance Authority
California State Water Resources Control Board
Hawaii Department of Health
Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources
EPA Region 10 — Seattle, Washington
Alaska Department of Environmental
Conservation
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
Washington Department of Ecology
To access state program websites,
please visit www.epa.gov/cwsrf
2018 Annual Report | Page 21
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/
For more information about the Clean Water State Revolving Fund, please contact us at:
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Wastewater Management
Clean Water State Revolving Fund Branch
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW (4204M)
Washington, DC 20460
J* Clean Water
j State Revolving Fund
www.epa.gov/cwsrf
Office of Water • April 2019 • EPA Publication 832R19001
vvEPA
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