MINES
£%	United States
Environmental Protection
%^LJ mm. Agency
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
April 2019

-------
Contents
I I.OTronox Settlement Background	p. 5
I 2.0 USEPATronox Settlement Financial Expenditure Breakout
FY2011 through FY2017	p. 6
I 3.0 Tronox and Quivira NAUM Approved Projects Descriptions for
FY2011 through FY2017	p. 14
I 4.0 Tronox and Quivira NAUM - Workforce Development Opportunities	p. 22
2	Tronox NAUM

-------
CLEANUP
OF TRONOX
NAVAJO AREA
URANIUM
MINES
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report

-------

Cove Inset
Shiproc^
m
ity
Eastern Inset
Hopi Reservation
Camero
Window Rockq
Flagstaff
To'hajiilee
Grants
'Albuquerque
Winslow •
Tronox Mines on and Near
Navajo Nation Lands
0	25	50	100 Miles
/\ Tronox Abandoned Uranium Mine
# Abandoned Uranium Mine
5-EPA
Region 9 GIS Center
Navajo Nation Boundary
4
Tronox NAUM

-------
I	
iM Tronox Settlement Background
Background
On January 21, 2015, the Tronox Settlement agreement resolving
fraudulent conveyance claims against Kerr-McGee Corporation and
related subsidiaries of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation went into
effect. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, Anadarko paid S5.15
billion plus interest to the litigation trust on January 23, 2015.
As a Result of the Tronox Settlement:
•	USEPA received a distribution of 20% (-S917 million) for the
cleanup of 54 uranium mines that were operated, and subse-
quently abandoned, by Kerr-McGee in and near the Navajo Nation
territory;
•	USEPA also received a distribution of 2% (~$92 million) for the
cleanup of Northeast Church Rock Quivira Mine Site; and
•	Navajo Nation also received a distribution of 1% (~$45 million) in
connection with the Shiprock Uranium Mill Site.
From the late 1940s to the 1980s, Kerr-McGee Corporation mined
more than seven million tons of uranium ore on or near the Navajo
Nation. About 32 of these mines are located in the Cove and Luka-
chukai Chapters. Other mines are located in the Teec Nos Pos, Coyote
Canyon, Casamero Lake, and Baca/Prewitt Chapters. There are 20
former Kerr-McGee former Kerr-McGee mines that are located in
the Ambrosia Lake area that have impacted the Navajo Nation.
USEPA Tronox funds can be used to support activities related
to the assessment and cleanup of the 54 Tronox Settlement
mines and contamination caused by the mines. Examples of
these activities include:
•	Informing and involving the community
•	Investigating radiation levels in water, soil, sediment, and air
•	Putting up fences and signs to warn people about dangerous
areas
•	Protecting cultural and biological resources in the mine areas
•	Constructing access roads to the mines for cleanup
operations
•	Closing mine openings and address other physical hazards
USEPA Tronox funds cannot be used for these activities:
•	Paying people who worked at the mines or lived nearby (some
compensation for mine workers is available through the
Radiation Exposure Compensation Act of 1990)
•	Projects not related to Tronox mine cleanup or mine impacts
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
5

-------
USEPA Tronox Settlement Financial Expenditure
Breakout FY2011 through FY2017
The approximately SI billion in funds that USEPA received for the
cleanups at 54 Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines has been depos-
ited into a USEPA Superfund Special Account. In accordance with
Section 122(b)(3) of CERCLA, the Agency may establish a special
account when USEPA receives funds pursuant to an agreement with a
Potentially Responsible Party (PRP). Special accounts are site-specif-
ic, interest-bearing sub-accounts housed within USEPA's Hazardous
Substances Superfund (Superfund Trust Fund). Charges to a special
account must be consistent with the terms of the settlement pursuant
to which the funds are received.
The USEPA (Regions 6 and 9), the Navajo Nation, and the state
New Mexico meet several times a year to discuss prioritizing
response actions and the funding of projects at each Tronox
NAUM site. Other agency stakeholders may also be invited to
these meeting. The agencies strive to develop a coordinated
prioritized project list along with estimated funding
requirements for the following calendar year. Once information
about individual project proposals have been presented and
discussed in the USEPA, Navajo Nation, and New Mexico
annual prioritization meeting, this project list is memorialized
in an annual "Approval and Annual Funding Projections for
Implementation of Tronox Settlement Memo." The memo is
presented to the USEPA Region 6's Branch Chief, Technical and
Enforcement Branch, Superfund Division, for concurrence and
then to the approving official, USEPA Region 9 s Assistant Director,
Superfund Division, for signature. Once projects are approved,
a special account name/number is created for that project to
track expenditures. Table 2.1 summarizes approved Tronox
projects by special account name, budget, expenditures, and
balance.
These expenditures are further broken out into the following
expenditure categories.
Labor: Labor cost associated with the assessment and cleanup of the
mine/mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
•	On Scene Coordinator - directing cleanup contractors
•	Remedial Project Manager - overseeing cleanup
•	Legal - reviewing documents and attending meetings
•	Technical Enforcement - PRP search activities
•	Community Involvement - fact sheets; CIP; public meetings
•	Contracting - issuing contracts and developing cost packages
•	Administrative Assistant - site related travel; mailings; meetings
coordination
•	Management - conducting meetings with counsel, program,
enforcement, community relations, contracts, and/or finance;
reviewing site related documents; management briefings
Travel: Travel cost associated with the management, assessment, and
cleanup of the mine/mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
Contracts: Contracting costs associated with the assessment and
cleanup of the mine/mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
Expenses: Expense costs for equipment, property, supplies, and
materials associated with the assessment and cleanup of the mine/
mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
Grants: Grants associated with the management assessment and
cleanup of the mine/mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
Figure 2.1 is a graphical representation of Tronox Expenditures by
Category FY2011 through FY2017 and Table 2.2 that follows is a
further breakdown of those expense categories by approved project.
6
Tronox NAUM

-------
Table 2.1: USEPATronox and Quivira Approved Projects, Budgets, and Expenditures
FY2017
An overview of the approved projects and activities associated with these expenditures is located in Section 3.
Special Account Summary
Special Account Names
Total Budget
Total
Expenditures
Remaining
Balance
USEPA Region 6
Tronox NAUM
$4,265,250.00
$2,473,421.00
$1,791,828.59
Tronox NAUM East GSA
$2,302,625.00
$1,947,801.11
$354,823.89
Tronox NAUM West GSA
$1,774,625.00
$1,445,594.49
$329,030.51
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
$2,124,800.00
$745,294.50
$1,379,505.50
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine Residential Removal
$100,000.00
$30,604.95
$69,395.05
Tronox NAUM Section 10
$167,000.00
$302.47
$166,697.53
Tronox NAUM Section 33
$50,000.00
$0.00
$50,000.00
USEPA Region 9
Abandoned Uranium Mines on the Navajo Nation
$3,356,943.86
$3,356,943.86
$0.00
NE Churchrock Quivira Mines
$91,558,172.20
$7,004,619.85
$84,553,552.35
Cove Transfer Station - Tronox
$4,646,998.29
$3,730,533.08
$916,465.21
Mesa I Mines - Tronox
$9,413.59
$9,413.59
$0.00
Section 32 AUM Site - Tronox
$1,961,202.44
$1,463,939.47
$497,262.97
Section 33 AUM Site - Tronox
$569,782.38
$70,725.32
$499,057.06
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash Regional Assessment
$4,102,910.89
$3,633,640.94
$469,269.95
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
$890,703,214.90
$7,776,138.37
$882,927,076.53
Tronox NAUM Cove Sitewide Conceptual Model and Data Gaps
$2,500,000.00
$662,872.95
$1,837,127.05
Sum
$1,010,192,938.55
$34,351,846.36
$975,841,092.19
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
7

-------
Figure 2.1: Tronox Expenditures Breakout by Cost Category
for February 2011 through September 2017
Total Settlement Spending ($34.5 Million) by Category*
$ in Millions
$975.8 Million
Remaining
S34.4 Million, 2.2%
Spent to Date
Site Travel
SO.8 Million, 2%
Payroll
S4.6 Million, 13%
Grants
X S0.7 Million, 3%
Expenses * v
S0.1 Million, 0%
Contracts
$28.1 Million, 82%
8
Tronox NAUM

-------
Table 2.2: Breakout of Tronox and Quivira Expenditures Categories for Approved Projects
FY2011	FY2017
Special Account Summary
Special Account Names
Contracts
Expenses
Grants
Payroll
Site Travel
Total Spent
USEPA Region 6
Tronox NAUM
$1,874,840.99
$0.00
$221,811.00
$462,482.79
$100,704.63
$2,659,839.41
Tronox NAUM East GSA
$1,682,374.23
$0.00
$0.00
$213,838.59
$51,588.29
$1,947,801.11
Tronox NAUM West GSA
$1,296,445.56
$0.00
$0.00
$112,172.83
$36,976.10
$1,445,594.49
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
$700,000.00
$0.00
$0.00
$33,169.33
$12,125.17
$745,294.50
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine
Residential Removal
$30,000.00
$0.00
$0.00
$604.95
$0.00
$30,604.95
Tronox NAUM Section 10
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$302.47
$0.00
$302.47
Tronox NAUM Section 32/33
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
USEPA Region 9
Tronox AUM on the Navajo Nation (Bankruptcy)
$1,830,727.68
$5,995.46
$191,951.00
$1,213,404.09
$114,865.63
$3,356,943.86
Tronox Quivira Mines
$6,436,961.55
$3,197.12
$57,733.00
$436,442.36
$70,285.82
$7,004,619.85
Tronox Cove Transfer Station
$3,617,524.02
$69.66
$4,314.00
$74,890.13
$33,735.27
$3,730,533.08
Tronox Mesa I Mines
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$7,376.05
$2,037.54
$9,413.59
Tronox Section 32 AUM Site
$1,437,719.71
$167.69
$0.00
$20,294.23
$5,757.84
$1,463,939.47
Tronox Section 33 AUM Site
$69,068.13

$0.00
$560.57
$1,096.62
$70,725.32
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash Regional Assessment
$2,512,409.93
$3,309.53
$386,543.00
$609,585.62
$121,792.86
$3,633,640.94
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
$6,038,432.99
$76,456.47
$22,995.00
$1,392,440.46
$245,813.45
$7,776,138.37
Tronox NAUM Cove Sitewide Conceptual Model
and Data Gaps
$598,381.20
$0.00
$0.00
$52,629.08
$11,862.67
$662,872.95
Total
$28,124,885.99
$89,195.93
$885,347.00
$4,630,193.55
$808,641.89
$34,538,264.36
Spent amounts are the sum of commitments, unliquidated obligations, and expenditures.
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
9

-------
Tronoxand Quivira Contracting Expenditures (FY2011 through FY2017) ($28.1 Million) by
USEPA Region, Approval Projects, and Contract Type |
Since the Tronox settlement in 2011, USEPA has been utilizing existing contracts to conduct cleanup activities, which allowed the Agency to
expeditiously achieve our goal of protecting human health and the environment on the Navajo Nation. These existing contracts include:
•	START Contract: Superfund Technical Assessment and
Response Team - provides scientific/technical support for
chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear events as well as site
assessment, Brownfields, and remedial support activities.
•	ERRS Contract: Emergency and Rapid Response Services -
provides management, field personnel, and equipment resources to
execute decontamination and demolition, containment measures,
and removal services.
•	RAC Contract: Remedial Action Contracts - provides remedial
response, enforcement oversight, non-time critical removal
activities, engineering support, and assessment services.
•	TASC Contract: Technical Assistance Services for Communities -
provides independent assistance through an USEPA HQ contract
to help communities better understand the science, regulations and
policies of environmental issues and USEPA actions.
•	USEPA Records Services Contract: provides technical
management services for the management of project documents.
•	SERAS Contract: Scientific, Engineering, Response & Analytical
Services - provides technical assistance the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Environmental Response Team (ERT).
•	ASPECT: Airborne Spectral Photometric Environmental
Collection Technology - nations only airborne real-time chemical
and radiological detection, infrared and photographic imagery
platform.
•	HQ Environmental Management Services Contract: provides
technical management services for the USEPA NAUM Program
Management Plan.
Table 2.3 breaks out S16.2 million of the S28.1 million FY2011
through FY2017 contract expenditures by contract and
approved projects. Since the final Tronox settlement in 2015,
USEPA has been working to establish Tronox specific contracts,
which will be used for all future, non-emergency, assessments
and construction actions. These contracts will support the
utilization and workforce development of Navajo owned business.
In addition to the contracts listed in Table 2.3, USEPA has
entered into interagency technical services agreements with US
Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and US Geological Society
(USGS), Navajo specific agreements, and miscellaneous field
equipment contracts. Table 2.4 breaks out the SI million of the
S28.1 million FY2011 through FY2017 contract expenditures by
agreement/miscellaneous contract by approved projects.
10
Tronox NAUM

-------
Table 2.3: Tronox and Quivira Contract Expenditures Breakout by Approved Projects for
FY2017
Approved Projects /
Special Account
Names
Total
Contracts
Start
Contract
ERRS
Contract
Arrow
Contract
RAC
Contract
TASC HQ
Community
Involvement
Contract
USEPA
Records
Services
Contract
SERAS
Technical
Services
Contract*
USEPA
ASPECT
Asset
HQ EMS
Se vices
PMP
Services
Contract
USEPA Region 6
Tronox NAUM
$0.00
$1,830,251.43
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM East GSA
$0.00
$1,538,524.66
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM West GSA
$0.00
$1,290,920.66
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
$0.00
$383,010.43
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Residential Removal










Tronox NAUM Section 10
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Section 33
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Subtotal Region 6 NAUM
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Special Accounts:










USEPA Region 9
Abandoned Uranium Mines
$1,830,727.68
$1,251,371.75
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$358,511.21
$50,000.00
$164,347.72
$0.00
on the Navajo Nation










Cove Transfer Station
$3,571,775.68
$585,057.73
$2,786,577.95
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$95,240
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox










Mesa I Mines - Tronox
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Section 32 AUM Site - Tronox
$1,437,619.24
$1,437,619.24
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Section 33 AUM Site - Tronox
$69,065.64
$69,065.64
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash
$2,104,946.38
$1,940,777.98
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$164,168.40
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Regional Assessment










Tronox Navajo Area
$5,083,432
$744,566.40
$0.00
$0.00
$3,670,283.70
$100,000
$0.00
$50,000
$0.00
$518,581.95
Uranium Mines










Tronox NAUM Cove
$121,381.20
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$121,381.20
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Sitewide Conceptual Model










and Data Gaps










Quivira Mines
$6,101,032.66
$1,381,747.9
$0.00
$4,122,524.66
$451,801.05
$118,434
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Subtotal Region 9 NAUM
$11,349,922.49
$6,522,939.58
$2,836,799.48
$4,122,524.66
$742,041.05
$278,602.40
$358,511.21
$99,700.00
$164,347.72
$346,981.00
Special Accounts:










Total
$16,151,197.62
$11,324,214.76
$2,836,799.48
$4,122,524.66
$742,041.05
$278,602.40
$358,511.21
$99,700.00
$164,347.72
$346,981.00
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
11

-------
Table 2.4: Tronox and Quivira Interagency Agreements and Other Contracts Expenditures
by Approved Projects for FY2011 through FY2017
Approved Projects /
Special Account Names
Total Interagency
Agreements /
Other Contracts
USACE
Interagency
Agreement
USGS
Interagency
Agreement
Misc.
Navajo
Service1
Navajo
Nation Red
Water Pond
Misc. USEPA
Field Equipment
Contracts
USEPA Region 6
Tronox NAUM
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM East GSA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM West GSA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine Residential Removal
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Section 10
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Section 33
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Subtotal Region 6 NAUM Special Accounts:
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
USEPA Region 9
Abandoned Uranium Mines on the Navajo Nation
$6,497.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$6,497.00
Cove Transfer Station - Tronox
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Mesa I Mines - Tronox
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Section 32 AUM Site - Tronox
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Section 33 AUM Site - Tronox
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash Regional Assessment
$400,000
$375,000
$25,000
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
$955,000
$930,000
$25,000
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Cove Sitewide Conceptual Model
$477,000.00
$477,000
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
and Data Gaps






Quivira Mines
$169,585.25
$144,061
$0.00
$0.00
$25,524.25
$0.00
Subtotal Region 9 NAUM Special Accounts:
$1,051,994.44
$743,023.19
$284,692.00
$6,308.00
$11,474.25
$6,497.00
Total
$1,051,994.44
$743,023.19
$284,692.00
$6,308.00
$11,474.25
$6,497.00
12
Tronox NAUM

-------
Tronox and Quivira Grant Expenditures for FY2011 through FY2017 by USEPA Region,
Approved Projects and Grant |
USEPA provides grants associated with the assessment and cleanup of the mine/mine areas specified in the Tronox Settlement.
The following is a breakout of the grant funding from FY2011 through FY2017:
Approved Projects / Special Account Names
State of NM
Navajo Nation
Superfund/ AML
Dine
College
Total Grants
USEPA Region 6
Tronox NAUM
$35,393
S0.00
$0.00
$35,393
Tronox NAUM East GSA
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM West GSA
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine Residential Removal
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Section 10
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Section 32/33
S0.00
S0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Subtotal Region 6 NAUM Special Accounts
$35,393
S0.00
$0.00
$35,393
USEPA Region 9
Tronox AUM on the Navajo Nation (Bankruptcy)
NA
$191,951
$0.00
$191,951
Tronox Quivira Mines
NA
$57,733
$0.00
$57,733
Cove Transfer Station - Tronox
NA
$4,314
$0.00
$4,314
Tronox Mesa I Mines
NA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox Section 32 AUM Site
NA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox Section 33 AUM Site
NA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash Regional Assessment
NA
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
NA
$6,529
$380,014
$386,543
Tronox NAUM Cove Sitewide Conceptual Model and Data Gaps
NA
$22,995
$0.00
$22,995
Subtotal Region 9 NAUM Special Accounts
NA
$283,522
$380,014
$663,536
Total
$35,393
$283,522
$698,929
$698,929
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
13

-------
Tronox and Quivira NAUM Approved Projects
Descriptions for FY2011 through FY2017
This section describes USEPA Region 6 approved projects activities in New Mexico that may impact the Navajo Nation and USEPA Region 9 approved project
activities on the Navajo Nation. The following table provides a brief project description for each accounting line.
Names
Descriptions
Tronox NAUM (Region 6)
Overall planning and logistical support for Removal activities and settlement implementation, including salary and travel, and the
ground water study
Tronox NAUM East GSA
Assessment of Tronox mines in the eastern area of Ambrosia Lake to complete an RSE and EE/CA. Includes contracting, salary, and
travel specific to this project.
Tronox NAUM West GSA
Assessment of Tronox mines in the western area of Ambrosia Lake to complete an RSE and EE/CA. Includes contracting, salary, and
travel specific to this project.
Tronox NAUM Central GSA
Assessment of Tronox mines in the central area of Ambrosia Lake to complete an RSE and EE/CA. Includes contracting, salary, and
travel specific to this project.
Tronox NAUM S18 Mine Residential Removal
A time critical radon abatement project for a residential structure adjacent to the Section 18 Tronox Mine in Ambrosia Lake. Includes
contracting, salary, and travel specific to this project. Project was completed in FY18 Quarter 1.
Tronox NAUM Section 10
Assessment of the Section 10 Tronox mine in Ambrosia Lake to complete an RSE and EE/CA. Includes contracting, salary, and travel
specific to this project.
Tronox NAUM Section 32 and 33
A joint project with Region 9 to assess the Section 32/33 Tronox mines in the Smith Lake sub-district in the Casamero Lake area
to complete an RSE and EE/CA. Includes Region 6 salary, and Region 6 travel specific to this project.
Tronox Abandoned Uranium Mines on the
Navajo Nation (bankruptcy settlement)
Tronox NAUM activities (2011 - 2015) prior to the 2015 settlement that included quarterly meetings with Navajo Nation EPA;
settlement implementation planning; accounting and contracting strategy; community involvement; Tronox portal development,
Northern Agency ACPECT data collection, and grants.
Tronox NAUM Cove Transfer Station
Construction activities to mitigate surface erosion at the former transfer area located in the Cove Chapter of the Navajo Nation, in
eastern Arizona.
Tronox NAUM Mesa I Mine
Mesa Mine I Preliminary Site Assessment has been conducted to determine risk to human health and the environment. A RSE will be
conducted in FY 2018.
Tronox NAUM Cove Wash Regional Assessment
Assessment of potential areas of concern and sources of contamination, as well as determine the baseline contaminant levels in the Cove Wash.
Tronox NAUM (Region 9)
Activities included quarterly meetings with Navajo Nation; settlement records review; settlement implementation planning; Navajo
Nation Mines Portal Database; Northern Agency ASPECT Gamma survey; Annual Quarterly reports; Tronox Northern Agency RSEs;
Tronox Northern Agency EE/CAs; Cove Mesa V Main Access Road Improvement/Design; Cove Mine Access Assessment; Northern
Agency Cultural Resources Survey; community involvement; and Navajo Nation grants.
Tronox NAUM Cove Sitewide Conceptual
Model and Data Gaps
Assimilate information from previous studies and actions of the site; research, gather and analyze other existing data and documents
that could be used to develop the conceptual site model; break the site out into investigation areas based on known information;
provide pictorial representations of the site; depict exposure pathways and receptors; provide recommendations for paths forward for
each of the investigation areas; and, suggest general areas for data gap investigations.
Tronox NAUM Quivira Mines
14
Activities at the Northeast Church Rock Quivira Mines include: Repair roads and bridges to allow access to removal sites; vent hole
fimevtl astaii th§ Ingin^fing Ivahntftefl/€@§t Anafysf$ fetmvd mtk
sffi&^MteMfekeholders. TronOXNAUM

-------
3.1 USEPA Region 6
TRONOX NAUMWEST
GEOGRAPHIC SUB-AREA
In FY2017 Region 6 focused on continua-
tion of field activities to support the drafting
ofaRemoval Site Evaluation (RSE) Report on
the West Geographic Sub-Area (GSA), which
consists of surface expressions from the Sec-
tions 10, 22, 24, and 30 West mines. The
objective of the RSE is to investigate surface
soil radioactive Contamination and determine
the exposure risk to human health and the
environment. Mining activities began in the
West GSA in 1959 and ceased in 1970, with
approximately 3.9 million tons of uranium
ore produced. In addition to conventional
underground mining, solution or leachate
mining occurred on Sections 22 and 24.
Approximately 1,895 acres in the West GSA
show impacts from uranium mining, some
of which are over 100 times site specific
background levels. Three of the mines in the
West GSA, Section 22, 24, and 30 West, are
known to have discharged millions of gallons
of contaminated ground water from the mine
shafts to access the ore body. Data from the
RSE shows this discharge to arroyos and
streams caused surface contamination beyond
the mine shafts.
A portion of the West GSA includes the Na-
vajo allotment land on Section 27. In order
to conduct the RSE in this allotment area,
Region 6 coordinated closely with Navajo
Nation EPA and the allotees as appropriate.
This contamination appears to be due to mi-
gration of contaminated materials from the
Section 22 mining operations, since there is
no visible or historic evidence of uranium
mining on these allotments.
The RSE is expected to be released in FY2019,
followed by a draft alternatives analysis to
help inform stakeholders of potential clean-
up methodologies.
TRONOX NAUM CENTRAL
GEOGRAPHIC SUB-AREA
In FY2017 Region 6 focused on continuation
of field activities to support the drafting of
a RSE Report on the Central GSA, which
consists of the surface expression of Sections
17, 19, 30 and 33 mines. The objective of the
RSE is to investigate surface soil radioactive
contamination and determine the exposure
risk to human health and the environment.
Mining activities began in the Central GSA in
1959 and ceased in 1970, with approximately
4.1 million tons of uranium ore produced.
USEPA Conducting Soil and Groundwater Sampling Activities.
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
15

-------
Sonic Drill Rig used for the Ambrosia Lake
Groundwater Investigation.
Approximately 1,842 acres in the Central
GSA show impacts from uranium mining,
some of which are over 100 times site specific
background levels. The three mines in the
Central GSA are knowTn to have discharged
millions of gallons of contaminated ground
water from the mine shafts to access the ore
body. Data from the RSE shows this dis-
charge to arroyos and streams caused surface
contamination beyond the mine shafts.
The RSE is expected to be released in FY2019,
followed by a draft alternatives analysis to
help inform stakeholders of potential clean-
up methodologies.
TRONOX NAUM SECTION 10 MINE
Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) field activi-
ties continued in FY2017 for Tronox NAUM
Section 10 Mine. The Section 10 Mine was
originally included in the West GSA site.
RSE data for the West GSA showed Section
10 Mine was not part of the contiguous area
of contamination and a determination was
made to evaluate the mine separately.
USEPA Region 6 RSE work included con-
ducting a gamma survey and collecting soil
samples. Soil samples were prepared and
analyzed by gamma spectroscopy in a field
laboratory, with some samples sent off-site
to a commercial laboratory for confirma-
tion analysis. Additional investigations have
been conducted at the site in preparation for
the development of an EE/CA, including a
Cultural Survey, an Ecological Survey, and a
re-vegetation plan.
Pending future funding, the RSE is expected
to be released in FY2019, followed by a draft
alternatives analysis to help inform stake-
holders of potential cleanup methodologies.
SECTION 18 RESIDENTIAL REMOVAL
USEPA Region 6 began a time-critical re-
moval during FY2017 to install a Radon
Mitigation System in a residential structure
located in Section 18. As part of a Removal
Site Evaluation (RSE) conducted and funded
by the USEPA Region 6 Superfund Program,
elevated Radon 222 levels were measured
inside the residence. Results from the 90 day
test locations were 7.0 and 10.6 pico curies
per liter (pCi/L), exceeding the maximum
acceptable indoor air standard of 4 pCi/L. It
was determined that the elevated levels were
primarily due to the underground uranium
mining activities conducted in Section 18
through the historic Kerr McGee Section 17
Mine central shaft. As a result, abatement
activities taken at the site are eligible for cost
recovery under the Tronox settlement. The
Radon Mitigation System will be completed
in FY2018.
Region 6 undertook extensive research to
confirm the Radon 222 levels were not natu-
rally occurring and instead anthropogenic
and subject to a CERCLA removal action.
Documentation from multiple scientific sources
shows that mine shafts, tunnels, and bore-
holes associated with uranium mines collect
and artificially concentrate Radon 222. This
concentration becomes exacerbated when
the mines are closed due to the limited or no
16
Tronox NAUM

-------
Region 6 on scene coordinators at a community event.
fresh air circulation, and the Radon 222 levels
reaching the surface are also higher. Region 6
sampling of a partially open vent shaft and an
open adit in adjacent areas of the Ambrosia
Lake Sub-district demonstrated this effect
with high concentrations of Radon 222.
AMBROSIA LAKE / SAN MATEO
BASIN GROUND WATER STUDY
USEPA Region 6 continues work on the
multi-phased ground water investigation for
the San Mateo Creek Basin, including the
Tronox NAUM Ambrosia Lake Impact Area.
Efforts in FY2017 focused on interpretation
of the data collected during FY2016 field
work and drafting the Phase 2 report. Lhese
efforts will continue into FY20I8.
The ground water investigation work com-
pleted in 2016 is helping USEPA delineate
the extent of the impacts from the Tronox
NAUM Ambrosia Lake mines discharge op-
erations to ground water that could present
a current or future health threat to the Na-
vajo as well as other local communities that
use the ground water as a water supply for
drinking and other domestic or agricultural
purposes. Understanding and predicting the
future flow path of this impacted ground
water as it continues to move through the
shallow alluvium and underlying bedrock
formations will be critical to protecting the
Navajo Nation and other users from legacy
ground water contamination in the Tronox
NAUM Ambrosia Lake area for generations
to come. Data gathered and analyzed under
Phase I and Phase 2 work will be useful to
the Navajo and other stakeholders that rely
on this vital water resource.
The first phase of the investigation (Phase I),
which focused on the alluvial ground water,
was completed in September 2016 with the
release of a ground water report document-
ing the findings of Phase I. Copies of the
report were provided to the Navajo and the
results presented to the Navajo Nation at the
Tronox Quarterly Meeting in Albuquerque
in October 2016. The results were also pre-
sented to other stakeholders in November
2016 via community meetings held in Grants
and at the Cross Roads Area (near the in-
tersection of State Highways 509 and 605)
and with the Bluewater Valley Downstream
Alliance (BVDA) and the Acoma Pueblo
Council. A webinar session was held for
Laguna Pueblo Environmental and Natural
Resources Department.
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
17

-------
3.2 USEPA Region 9
TRONOX NAUM COVE WASH
WATERSHED ASSESSMENT
In April and May of 2017, the USEPA, in co-
ordination with Navajo Nation EPA (NNEPA)
and the Dine College Environmental Insti-
tute, conducted the last of four soil, sediment
and water sampling events across the Cove
Wash watershed. The goal was to identify po-
tential areas of concern and sources of con-
tamination, as well as determine the baseline
contaminant levels in the Cove Wash. These
areas are locations of historical uranium
mining activities and have elevated uranium
concentrations in surface water and ground
Testing the soil pH to see if this area is a wetland, June 2017.
USEPA Region 9's ecological risk assessor,
Ned Black, showing Dine College interns
the proper methodology for the stream
ecosystem health study, June 20 7 7.
Dine College intern collecting a
macroinvertebrate sample, June 20 7 7.
18
Tronox NAUM

-------
water. The Cove Wash watershed is approxi-
mately 47 square miles, and includes 50 of
the 70 AUMs within the Lukachukai Moun-
tains. Year-round water is found in peaks
and canyons above 7000-foot elevation,
where springs and seeps emerge. Developed
springs and wells are also part of the water-
shed assessment.
As part of the overall watershed assessment,
USEPA had sampled Cove residents' crops,
field soils, and irrigation features' soils
and water. In 2017, we drafted a results
letter for each family wiiose farm was
sampled, and, with NNEPA, we hand
delivered the results letters to the families.
USEPA conducted its second year of
wetland delineation within the watershed,
which completed the overall wetland
delineation. USEPA also continued
evaluating the exact locations of
Mexican spotted owls through another year
of surveys. Under the leadership of our in-
house USEPA ecological risk assessor, Dine
College interns conducted a stream
ecosystem health survey of the Cove Wash,
including taking physical measurements
and pebble counts, as well as collecting
macroinvertebrates to send to the lab for
counts and taxonomic identification. In
2017, field activities gave the Remedial
Project Manager team a good amount
of information about the overall status of
the health and contamination within the
Cove Watershed.
Excavating contaminated soil near a ventilation shaft during the 2017 Quivira Removal
Acton. The cement cap on the ventilation shaft is in the foreground.
COVE CHAPTER AREA TRONOX MINES CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL
ACTIVITIES
In late June of 2016, the USEPA entered into an interagency agreement (IA) with the
Albuquerque District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to develop a conceptual
site model (CSM) and conduct a data gaps assessment for the Cove Chapter AUMs. In FY17,
the Cove CSM team, which includes NNEPA, Navajo AML, a representative from OP/VP, the
USEPA RPM, and various technical experts, continued to meet on a regular basis to ensure a
solid CSM was developed. The project resulted in the development of a full geospatial model
of the reclamation work done at the 33 Tronox mines in the Northern Abandoned Uranium
Mine Region, as well as pictorials and wire diagrams representing exposure scenarios for
the Cove community. The work also divided the site into investigation areas and suggests
general areas for data gap investigations. The draft document was delivered to the agencies in
December 2017.
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
19

-------
Scanning for radiation to check if the excavation is complete in this spot during the 2017
Quivira Removal Action.
TRONOX QUIVIRA MINES
In 2017, USEPA awarded a $3.85 million contractto a Navajo owned business to excavate and
remove contaminated soils located around five mine ventilation shafts and repair roads and
a bridge in the community. The contractor completed the excavation of contaminated soils
and placed them on top of the main mine waste pile under a clean soil cover. The contractor
also completed the road repairs and began work on the bridge. The bridge repair was com-
pleted in May of 2018. During the Removal Action, USEPA also temporarily re-located two
residences while contaminated soils were being transported near their homes.
USEPA continued to meet monthly with the community. USEPA also continued working
on the Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis, which is a document that compares possible
cleanup options for the mine sites.
TRONOX - SECTION 32/SECTION 33
USEPA Region 9 is working to protect residents
of Casamero Lake Chapter by cleaning up waste
from past uranium mining operations. Uranium
mining operations occurred throughout the
Navajo Nation from the 1940s to the 1980s.
Over time, the contaminated soils in the Sec-
tion 32 mine area have migrated due to wind
and rain. USEPA also found that areas out-
side the Section 32 mine area contain con-
taminated soils. Because of the health risks,
USEPA Region 9 removed the contaminated
soil from the area around the Section 32
Mine site, including the former transfer area
to the south of the Section 32 mine area, and
built temporary stockpile on top of the Sec-
tion 32 Mine.
The stockpile has been temporarily estab-
lished and sealed using soil tackifier to stabi-
lize and prevent the contaminated soil from
moving. After the soil was sealed at Section
32 Mine to prevent exposure to people and
livestock, a fence was placed around the pile
with signs warning people to keep out.
This removal action is a temporary measure
to stabilize the contaminated soil. USEPA
and Navajo Nation Environmental Protec-
tion Agency (NNEPA) will discuss the final
disposal options and timeframe with the
community before making any decisions
about permanent disposal.
20
Tronox NAUM

-------
Mine Category Assessment Protocol
Reconnaissance (MCAP)
The objective of Mine Category Assessment
Protocol Reconnaissance (MCAP) was to
develop and implement a systematic method
for assessing and surveying 32 Tronox mines
and mines within a half mile radius of the
Tronox mines located within the Northern
Agency of the Navajo Nation. This system-
atic approach included ranking each mine
claim area based on a historical review as
well as creating a Target List, made up of the
Tronox mine sites and other nearby mines
sites. MCAP next steps include: take interim
action at Mesa II and Mesa V; conduct road
assessments and improvements necessary to
access mine areas; and perform Removal Site
Evaluations and Engineering Evaluation/
Cost Analysis to determine waste volumes
and evaluate cleanup options.
Future activities at the Quivira Mines
include:
•	Work with NTUA to re-route power lines
off of the mine site;
•	USEPA plans to release the Engineering
Evaluation/Cost Analysis which presents
an analysis of all the removal options in
2018; and
•	Discuss the removal options with Navajo
Nation, community members, and other
stakeholders.
Beginning the bridge repairs at Quivira. The mine site is in the upper right background.
FY2011 through FY2017 Financial Report
21

-------
Tronox and Quivira NAUM - Workforce Development
Opportunities
Cleaning up abandoned uranium mines on the Navajo Nation creates jobs for Navajo workers and provides opportunities for Navajo busi-
nesses. These opportunities will increase as cleanup work at the mines accelerates. The following provides a summary of Navajo workers that
have supported Tronox Mine Cleanup work:
£28
Internships
•	21 Dine College interns
•	2 Navajo Technical University
interns
•	1 New Mexico State University intern
•	1 Eastern New Mexico University intern
•	3 Dine College faculty member
Navajo Workers
Supporting Tronox
Cleanup Work
Within the Past
Seven Years
i17
llll Construction Jobs
Construction Workers
I Professional Service Jobs
1 Botanist
1 Geologist
1 Cultural Resources Consultant
i 1 Community Liaison
i 1 Security Officer
22
Tronox NAUM

-------

-------
For More Information (USEPA Contacts)
USEPA Region 6
Kevin Shade
Grants Mining District Coordinator
USEPA, Region 6
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
(214) 665-2708
shade, kevin@epa.gov
USEPA Region 9
Chip Poalinelli
Tronox NAUM Coordinator
USEPA, Region 9
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415) 972-3390
poalinelli. edwin@epa.gov
mil United States
Environmental Protection
M m Agency
Tronox Navajo Area Uranium Mines
FY2011 through FY2017
Financial Summary
April 2019

-------