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Semiannual

Report to Congress
October 1, 2018-March 31, 2019
EPA
-350-R-19-001

May 2019

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Index of Reporting Requirements
Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended
Section 5(a
Significant recommendations for corrective action
12-16, 20-21
Section 5(a
Matters referred to prosecutive authorities
17-19, 21-22, 31-32
51-57
Section 5(a
List of reports issued
Section 5(a
Audit, inspection and evaluation reports—questioned costs
2, 29-30, 33
Section 5(a
Prior audit, inspection and evaluation reports unresolved
34-35
Section 5(a
Significant management decisions with which OIG disagreed
None
Section 5(a
17-18)
Statistics on investigative reports, referrals, prosecutions, indictments
19, 29, 31-32
Section 5(a
20)
Description of whistleblower retaliation
Section 5(a
22)
Closed audits, evaluations and investigations not disclosed to public
51-57
Section 5(a
Information or assistance refused
9-10
Section 5(a
Any establishment attempts to interfere with independence
9-10
Section 5(a
Significant revised management decisions
None
Section 5(a
Audit, inspection and evaluation reports—funds to be put to better use 2, 29-30, 33
Section 5(a
Substantiated investigations involving senior government employees
51-52
Section 5(a
14-16)
Peer reviews conducted
Section 5(a
Reports with corrective action not completed
3-7, 36-50
Section 5(a
Summaries of significant reports
12-16, 20-21, 25
Section 5(a
Requirement
Subject
Significant problems, abuses and deficiencies
Page
11-22
Abbreviations
CSB	U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
EPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FY	Fiscal Year
OIG	Office of Inspector General
U.S.C.	United States Code
SES	Senior Executive Service
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October '!, 2018—March 31, 2019
Message to Congress
Midway through fiscal year 2019, we pause to take stock of the progress the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Inspector General (OIG)
has made toward assisting the EPA in the mission for which all Americans
uniquely look to it—improving human health and the environment. The OIG's
progress, never a mere tally of reports or investigations, is measured by the depth
of our analyses of programs and operations of the EPA and the U.S. Chemical
Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB), and by the quality of our evidence-
based findings. On those scores, the news is good indeed.
The EPA OIG: Top Flight Staff + Resilient, Flexible, Timely and Responsive
Despite continuing budget strains—including a lapse in federal appropriations that forced us to suspend
operations for 35 days—our auditors, investigators and mission support staff rallied with ingenuity and
flexibility. All credit goes to the OIG's professionals, experienced and new. Even in fiscal headwinds, the
OIG attracts talent across a range of fields matched with the ever-evolving agency programs under our
purview. Recent hires hold advanced degrees in such diverse disciplines as global sustainability, public
health and sustainable engineering. They bring Master of Business Administration degrees with
concentrations in finance and commerce. Many former Peace Corps volunteers also have joined our
ranks.
While our audits meet rigorous government standards and all products undergo extensive review, our
striving to put time-critical findings promptly in agency and public hands led to issuing five of 13 reports
this semiannual period in the form of a brief memorandum or letter, some with broader audits to continue.
This enabled us to pinpoint specific (yet high-impact) issues in shorter (yet significant) reports. As a
result, the agency was able to implement needed
corrections more expeditiously.
Also during the semiannual reporting period, we issued a
report that found the EPA is not able to assess the risks of
hundreds of pollutants found in treated sewage sludge used
as fertilizer. The EPA consistently monitored biosolids for
nine regulated pollutants but lacked the data or risk
assessment tools needed to determine the safety of
352 other pollutants found in biosolids. Those 352
pollutants include 61 designated as acutely hazardous,
hazardous or priority pollutants in other programs.
In addition, we examined how the EPA can minimize risk
to a pilot program that addresses the nation's water
infrastructure needs. We found that the EPA did not
provide a comprehensive risk assessment before the Water
Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act program was
Charles J. Sheehan
OIG Accomplishments
(first half of FY 2019:
October 1, 2018 March 31,2019)
• Questioned costs and potential
monetary benefits (includes
results from single audits):
$0,485 million
• Total fines and recoveries
(includes EPA-only and joint
investigations): $112.54 million
• Reports issued:
13 reports
• Investigative cases closed:
83 cases
• Administrative actions resulting
from investigative cases
(includes EPA-only and joint
investigations):
18 actions
• Hotline inquiries referred
for action:
207 inquiries

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
established, nor did the agency develop performance measures to fully identify and capture financial data
and the program's public health benefits to affected communities. These projects and others advance our
vision to promote good governance and contribute to improved human health and the environment.
Several investigations recouped millions of agency dollars lost to grant and contractor fraud. For example,
as a result of a larger investigation coordinated among several entities—such as the EPA OIG, the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services OIG, and the U.S. Department of Justice—Duke University
agreed to pay $112.5 million (including $5.4 million associated with the EPA) to resolve allegations that
it submitted falsified research data for 30 grants. In addition, a former EPA employee was sentenced to
38 months in prison after pleading guilty to obstructing an OIG investigation following being charged
with theft and downloading child pornography to his EPA-issued laptop.
Our Clarity of Vision
During this semiannual period, the EPA OIG released its Strategic Plan 2019-2023 to guide our efforts
over the next 5 years. This strategic plan provides unified direction and clear expectations. It details how
we will achieve our overarching mission, goals and objectives while executing the statutorily required,
congressionally requested and other discretionary projects laid out in each year's specific annual plan.
With these documents as guides, I am confident that the dedicated, professional and energetic staff of the
EPA OIG will remain resilient and responsive—and continue to fulfill our singular mission on behalf of
the American citizen.
Charles J. Sheehan
Acting Inspector General

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Table of Contents
About EPA and Its Inspector General	 1
Scoreboard of Results	 2
Status of OIG Unimplemented Recommendations	 3
Furthering EPA's Efforts	 8
Status of Whistleblower Retaliation and Interference with Independence	 9
Significant OIG Activity		H
Conqressionallv Requested Activities		11
Human Health and Environmental Issues		12
Agency Business Practices and Accountability		14
Investigations		17
Hotline Activities		20
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board		25
Other Results of OIG Work	 26
Follow-Up Is Important Aspect of OIG Efforts	 26
Single Audit Reporting Efforts Make Impact	 27
Agency Best Practices	 28
Statistical Data		29
Profile of Activities and Results		29
Audit Report Resolution		30
Summary of Investigative Results		31
Appendices		33
Appendix 1—Reports Issued		33
Appendix 2—Reports Issued Without Management Decisions		34
Appendix 3—Reports with Corrective Action Not Completed		36
Appendix 4—Closed Investigations Not Publicly Disclosed		51
Appendix 5—Peer Reviews Conducted		58
Appendix 6—OIG Mailing Addresses and Telephone Numbers		59

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
About EPA and Its Inspector General
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
The mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is to protect
human health and the environment. As America's steward for the environment since
1970, the EPA has endeavored to ensure that the public has air that is safe to breathe,
water that is clean and safe to drink, food that is free from dangerous pesticide residues,
and communities that are protected from toxic chemicals.
EPA Office of Inspector General
The Office of Inspector General (OIG), established by the Inspector General Act of 1978,
as amended, 5 U.S.C. app., is an independent office of the EPA that detects and prevents
fraud, waste and abuse to help the agency protect human health and the environment more
efficiently and effectively. OIG staff are located at EPA headquarters in Washington, D.C.;
the EPA's 10 regional offices; and at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, and
Cincinnati, Ohio. The EPA Inspector General also serves as the Inspector General for the
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB). Our vision, mission and
goals are as follows:
Vision
Be a premier oversight organization trusted to speak the truth, promote good
governance, and contribute to improved human health and the environment.
Conduct independent audits, evaluations and investigations; make evidence-based
recommendations to promote economy, efficiency and effectiveness; and prevent and
detect fraud, waste, abuse, mismanagement and misconduct for the EPA and the CSB.
Goals
1.	Contribute to improved EPA and CSB programs and operations protecting human
health and the environment, and enhancing safety.
2.	Conduct audits, evaluations and investigations that enable the EPA and the CSB to
improve business practices and accountability.
3.	Improve OIG processes, resource allocation and accountability to meet stakeholder
needs.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Scoreboard of Results
The table below shows taxpayer return on investment for work performed by the OIG during the first half of fiscal year
(FY) 2019—October 1, 2018, through March 31, 2019—compared to overall FY 2019 annual performance goal targets.
All results reported are based on goals and plans established under the Government Performance and Results Act.
Note: A lapse in federal appropriations from December 22, 2018, to January 25, 2019, forced the OIG to suspend
operations, delaying project progress during that time.
Annual Performance Goal 1:
Environmental and business outcome actions taken; changes, corrections or improvements made;
risks reduced, eliminated or influenced by OIG work
FY 2019 Target: 196
Semiannual Status: 40
(20.41 % of goal as of
March 31, 2019)
Supporting measures
0 Environmental/health improvements realized or influenced by OIG work
40 Environmental, chemical safety or business policy, practice or process changes made or
decisions implemented
0 Legislative or regulatory changes
Annual Performance Goal 2:
Recommendations, challenges, best practices or risks identified for action
FY 2019 Target: 460
Semiannual Status: 273
(59.34% of goal as of
March 31, 2019)
Supporting measures
*	10 Certifications, verifications, validations
*	59 Recommendations for improvement (including risk identified)
5 Referrals for agency action
0 Unimplemented recommendations identified in issued reports
* 199 OIG-identified findings in external reports impacting EPA
0 Beneficial practices identified for potential transfer
Annual Performance Goal 3:
Return on investment: potential dollar return as percentage of OIG budget
FY 2019 Target:
$80,427,200
160% of budget
Semiannual Status:
$295,596,758
367.53% of goal
(as of March 31, 2019)
Supporting measures fin millions)
OIG budget: $50.3
Potential return: $295.6
* $0,099 Questioned costs
$0,386 Potential monetary benefits identified in reports—excluding questioned costs
$181.665 Monetary actions taken or resolved prior to report issuance
$0,408 Fines, penalties, settlements and restitutions resulting from EPA OIG investigations
$0,084 Actual cost savings identified after report issuance
$0,414 Cost avoidance savings/cost savings identified after report issuance or based on
investigative results
$112.541 Fines, penalties, settlements and restitutions resulting from joint investigations
between EPA OIG and other entities
Annual Performance Goal 4:
Criminal, civil and administrative actions reducing risk, and loss of resources
and operational integrity taken or influenced by OIG work
FY 2019 Target: 200
Semiannual Status: 248
(124% of goal as of
March 31, 2019)
Supporting measures
151 Allegations disproved
3 Indictments, informations and complaints
2 Convictions
2 Civil actions
16 Administrative actions taken (other than debarments or suspensions)
2 Suspension or debarment actions
72 Fraud briefings conducted
Other (no targets established)
Savings and recommendations sustained (can include sustained costs for recommendations from prior fiscal year reports):
•	* 39 sustained environmental or business recommendations (resolved or agreed-to) for action
•	* 0 in sustained questioned costs
•	$385,534 in sustained potential monetary benefits
Source: The OIG Performance Measurement Results System within the Inspector General Enterprise Management System.
* These measures include single audits, which are generally audits of nonfederal entities performed by private firms. Further
details on single audits are on page 27.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Status of OIG Unimplemented
Recommendations
OIG audits provide recommendations to help improve EPA program offices and regions.
Benefits for the agency and the public are realized through the implementation of these
recommendations. To encourage continued progress on completing management action, we
analyzed the list of unimplemented recommendations in Appendix 3 and provide the results
of that analysis below.
Unimplemented Recommendations as of March 31, 2019
(presented by fiscal year issued)
(/)
so
FYs 2008-2012 FY 20IB	FY 2014	FY 2015	FY 2016	FY 2017	FY 2018
For the semiannual reporting period ending March 31, 2019, the EPA had
129 unimplemented recommendations, and the CSB had one unimplemented
recommendation. The potential monetary benefits of these recommendations for the EPA
and CSB are approximately $89 million and $402,000, respectively. The table below shows
the status of the recommendations, which fall into six categories. The CSB
recommendation is included in the "Management and Operations" category.
Category
Total
No. of
recommendations
Potential
monetary benefits
(in $000s)
1. Management and Operations
56
$45,961
2. Water
11
0
3. Environmental Contamination and Cleanup
11
27,800
4. Toxics, Chemical Safety and Pesticides
25
0
5. Air Quality
20
15,905
6. Research and Laboratories
7
0
Total
130
$89,666
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
For each category, we include the benefit(s) of implementing each recommendation as one
or more of the following: (1) improved human health and the environment, (2) more
effective and efficient operations and (3) potential monetary benefits.
Category 1 Management and Operations
The 56 unimplemented recommendations in this category were issued within the following
22 reports and offer the potential for more effective and efficient operations, as well as
potential monetary benefits of $45,961 million:
•	Improve oversight of:
o Payments to foreign fellows that could fund research by U.S. citizens or
permanent residents (Report No. 18-P-0288).
o Assessment of threats to identify the proper level of protection for the EPA
Administrator (Report No. 18-P-0239).
o Purchase Card and Convenience Check program controls to prevent improper
purchases (Report No. 18-P-0232). The associated potential monetary benefit
is $152,000.
o Controls over the processing of contract invoices (Report No. 18-P-0231).
The associated potential monetan> benefit is $95,000.
o Operational efficiencies of the EPA's human resources shared service centers
(Report No. 18-P-0207).
o Companies with multiple cleanup liabilities that self-insure
(Report No. 18-P-0059).
o Retention incentives (Report No. 17-P-0407).
o Puerto Rico's assistance agreements (Report No. 17-P-0402).
o Consolidated financial statements (Report Nos. 17-F-0046 and 16-F-0040).
o Use of religious compensatory time (Report No. 16-P-0333).
o Hawaii water quality grants (Report No. 16-P-0218). The associated potential
monetan> benefit is $8,312 million.
o CSB future leasing with the General Services Administration
(Report No. 16-P-0179). The associated potential monetary benefit is $402,000.
o Grants execution in the U.S. Virgin Islands (Report No. 15-P-0137). The
associated potential monetary benefit is $3 7 million.
o Emergency and Rapid Response Contracts (Report No. 14-P-0109).
•	Institutionalize the Lean program to reap cost and time benefits
(Report No. 17-P-0346).
•	Implement better processes for information technology regarding:
o Incident Tracking System controls to protect personal information
(Report No. 18-P-0298).
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
o Security categorization of the Electronic Manifest System data
(Report No. I8-P-Q217).
o Validation of whether contractors receive specialized role-based training for
network and data protection (Report No. 17-P-0344).
o Integration and use of cloud services (Report No. 15-P-0295).
o Information security vulnerability program (Report No. 15-P-0290).
o Internal controls for applications management (Report No. 10-1-0029).
Category 2 Water
The 11 unimplemented recommendations in this
category were issued within the following four
reports and offer the potential for improved
human health and the environment, as well as
more effective and efficient operations:
•	Strengthen oversight of state drinking
water programs to improve response to
drinking water contamination
emergencies similar to the emergency
that occurred in Flint, Michigan
(Report No. 18-P-0221).
•	Share the EPA's voluntary WaterSense
program practices with the agency's
Program Management Improvement
Officer (Report No. 17-P-0352).
•	Provide leadership and better guidance
to improve fish advisory risk
communications
(Report No. 17-P-0174).
•	Revise outdated or inconsistent
EPA/state clean water memorandums
of agreement (Report No. 10-P-0224).
Category 3 Environmental Contamination and Cleanup
The 11 unimplemented recommendations in this category were issued within the following
eight reports and offer the potential for improved human health and the environment, more
effective and efficient operations, and potential monetary benefits of $27.8 million:
• Finish prioritization and resource allocation methodologies for abandoned uranium
mine sites on or near Navajo lands (Report No. 18-P-0233).
fL|NT WATER PLaNt
In a Conference Committee Report for
Public Law 116-6, Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2019, Congress
directed the EPA to implement the
recommendations from our Flint report
(No. 18-P-0221) issued on July 21, 2018,
to ensure clean and safe water compliance
under the Safe Drinking Water Act. In that
report, we recommended that the EPA
"[r]evise the Lead and Copper Rule to
improve the effectiveness of monitoring
and corrosion control treatment protocols."
The EPA established a planned completion
date of February 28, 2019, for this
corrective action. As of March 31, 2019,
the EPA has not implemented this
recommendation or provided the OIG with
an updated milestone for revising the Lead
and Copper Rule.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
•	Make enhancements to EPA reporting software for facilities not in compliance with
the Toxics Release Inventory reporting criteria (Report No. 18-P-0001).
•	Assure distribution of Superfund human resources supports current regional
workload (Report No. 17-P-0397).
•	Improve oversight of the Underground Storage Tank/Leaking Underground
Storage Tank program for the U.S. Virgin Islands (Report No. 15-P-0137).
•	Revise risk management inspection guidance to recommend minimum inspection
scope and provide detailed examples of minimum reporting
(Report No. 13-P-0178).
•	Enter into memorandums of agreement that address oversight of municipalities
conducting inspections of underground storage tanks (Report No. 12-P-0289).
•	Improve management of the Oil Pollution Prevention program
(Report No. 12-P-0253).
•	Make better use of Stringfellow Superfund Special Accounts
(Report No. 08-P-0196). The associated potential monetary benefit is
$27.8 million.
Category 4 Toxics, Chemical Safety and Pesticides
The 25 unimplemented recommendations in this category were issued within the following
11 reports and have the potential for improved human health and the environment:
•	Improve measures and management controls over the pesticide emergency
exemption process (Report No. 18-P-0281).
•	Re-evaluate compliance monitoring priorities to minimize asbestos risks in schools
(Report No. 18-P-0270).
•	Establish controls to validate the states" authorization of hazardous waste rules to
avoid regulatory gaps and minimize human health and environmental risks
(Report No. 18-P-0227).
•	Implement controls over the use of unverified results within the Presidential Green
Chemistry Challenge Awards program (Report No. 18-P-0222).
•	Better manage state pesticide cooperative agreements to more effectively use funds
and reduce risk of pesticide misuse (Report No. 18-P-0079).
•	Reduce risks from illegal pesticides by effectively identifying imports for
inspection and sampling (Report No. 17-P-0412).
•	Manage pesticide funds more efficiently (Report No. 17-P-0395).
•	Assess needs and implement management controls to ensure effective
incorporation of chemical safety research products (Report No. 17-P-0294).
•	Strengthen oversight of herbicide resistance with better management controls
(Report No. 17-P-0278).
•	Assure continued effectiveness of hospital-level disinfectants
(Report No. 16-P-0316).
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
• Improve oversight of state pesticide inspections to better ensure enforcement of
safeguards for workers, the public and the environment (Report No. 15-P-0156).
Category 5 Air Quality
The 20 unimplemented recommendations in this category were issued within the following
seven reports and have the potential for improved human health and the environment, as
well as potential monetary benefits of $15,905 million:
•	Collect additional performance data from states to better assess the effectiveness of
vehicle inspection and maintenance programs (Report No. 1S-P-02S3).
•	Strengthen the process for revising air quality dispersion models that predict impact
of pollutant emissions (Report No. 18-P-0241).
•	Improve controls to address strategic risks in the light-duty vehicle compliance
program and achieve compliance with mobile source regulations
(Report No. 18-P-0181).
•	Improve data and oversight to assure compliance with the standards for benzene
content in gasoline (Report No. 17-P-0249).
•	Meet certain statutory requirements to identify environmental impacts of the
Renewable Fuel Standard (Report No. 16-P-0275).
•	Provide a verifiable and enforceable remedy to reduce diesel emissions in the
Baton Rouge ozone nonattainment area (Report No. 13-R-0297). The associated
potential monetary benefit is $2,905 million.
•	Update the fees rule to recover more motor vehicle and engine compliance program
costs (Report No. 1 l-P-0701). The associated potential monetary benefit is
$13 million.
Category 6 Research and Laboratories
The seven unimplemented recommendations in this category were issued within the
following two reports and have the potential for improved human health and the
environment, as well as more effective and efficient operations:
•	Develop a comprehensive vision and strategy for citizen science that aligns with
the agency's strategic objectives on public participation (Report No. 18-P-0240).
•	Review the Community-Focused Exposure and Risk Screening Tool and develop
an action plan with time frames to address issues identified, including
considerations on whether to retain the tool (Report No. 17-P-0378).
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Furthering EPA's Efforts
When conducting our audit work during the first half of FY 2019, we considered the EPA's key areas of effort.
The table below shows how our reports on the EPA aligned with these areas.
Note: A lapse in federal appropriations from December 22, 2018, to January 25, 2019, forced the OIG to suspend
operations, delaying project progress during that time.
OIG-lssued Reports — Linkage to Key EPA Areas of Effort
OIG report
Report
no.
Improving
air quality
Ensuring
clean/safe
water
Cleaning up/
revitalizing
land
Ensuring
safety of
chemicals
Improving
EPA research
programs
Compliance
with the law
Partnering
with states/
others
Operating
efficiently/
effectively
EPA Law Enforcement Availability Pay
Properly Certified but Controls over
Process Could Be Improved
19-P-0001





X

X
EPA Unable to Assess the Impact of
Hundreds of Unregulated Pollutants in
Land-Applied Biosolids on Human Health
and the Environment
19-P-0002


X





EPA's Fiscal Years 2018 and 2017
Consolidated Financial Statements
19-F-0003







X
City of Houston Complied with Clean
Water State Revolving Fund
Requirements
19-P-0041

X




X

Crow Tribe Public Water Systems
Concerns
19-N-0044

X



X
X

EPA's Water Infrastructure Finance and
Innovation Act Program Needs
Additional Internal Controls
19-P-0045







X
EPA Consistently Implements Processes
Within Its Information Security Program,
but Opportunities for Improvement Exist
19-P-0058





X

X
EPA Finalized a Study of the Historical
Applications of Coal Ash as Structural
Fill
19-N-0084


X





Management Alert: Destruction of a
Document Used to Certify Security of
EPA's Budget Formulation System
19-N-0085





X

X
EPA's Fiscal Years 2017 and 2016
Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest
System Fund Financial Statements
19-F-0086







X
Management Alert: Hotline Concerns
over Region 9 Regional Administrator's
Duty Station and Travel
19-N-0087







X
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Status of Whistleblower Retaliation and
Interference with Independence
Whistleblower Retaliation
Section 5(a)(20) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires a detailed
description of any instances of whistleblower retaliation noted by the EPA OIG. This
requirement includes reporting information about an official found to have engaged in
retaliation and the consequences the agency imposed to hold that official accountable.
There were no whistleblower retaliation cases closed within the semiannual period
ending March 31, 2019.
Impediments to Independence
Section 5(a)(21) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires a detailed
description of any attempt by the establishment to interfere with the independence of the
EPA OIG. This requirement includes budget constraints designed to limit the OIG's
capabilities and incidents where the establishment has resisted OIG oversight or delayed
OIG access to information.
The OIG's ability to conduct audit work was impeded during the semiannual reporting
period when an EPA employee destroyed documents related to the OIG's audit of the
EPA's compliance with mandated federal information system security controls
requirements. The OIG requested the agency to provide a U.S. General Services
Administration-issued security assessment report on the agency's cloud-based hosting
environment, as well as the agency's analysis of the report. The agency claimed that,
because the report was subject to a nondisclosure agreement, the EPA was prohibited
from sharing the report with the OIG. The agency also claimed that, because the
nondisclosure agreement required that all General Services Administration-issued
security documents be destroyed after use, the EPA destroyed notes documenting its
analysis of the report.
The OIG ultimately received a copy of the security assessment report from the General
Services Administration. However, because the report was "available to" the agency,
pursuant to Section 6(a)(1) of the Inspector General Act, it should have been provided to
the OIG by the agency directly. By subordinating the OIG's access to information to a
nondisclosure agreement, the EPA did not provide the OIG timely access to all
documents relating to the subject audit, contrary to Section 6(a)(1) of the Inspector
General Act. Additionally, without the ability to review the destroyed notes, the OIG has
no documentary evidence that the EPA analyzed the impact of the 180 vulnerabilities
identified within the security assessment report.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
The OIG issued a report on this issue, Management Alert: Destruction of a Document
Used to Certify Security of EPA 's Budget Formulation System (Report No. 19-N-0085).
on March 8, 2019. In response, the agency asserted that the agency only performed an
"informal review" of the security assessment report and that the notes made by EPA staff
consisted of only "a few checks and tick marks" on a General Services Administration-
issued spreadsheet. Even so, any review is squarely within the realm of the OIG's audit,
and the agency was required under the Inspector General Act to provide the OIG with the
report, along with any document containing notations made by agency staff while
analyzing the report.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Significant OIG Activity
Congressionally Requested Activities
Congressional Request into Possible Statute Violations
A congressional request was sent to the OIG to develop a comprehensive factual record
for the U.S. Government Accountability Office to use to evaluate whether actions by
former EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt or his staff violated (1) the Antideficiency Act and
(2) the publicity or propaganda and anti-lobbying provisions of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act of 2017. There were concerns that violations may have occurred
during an April 2017 meeting between Administrator Pruitt and the National Mining
Association. The OIG conducted multiple interviews during this inquiry and provided its
fact-finding results to Congress.
Briefings, Requests and Inquiries
During this reporting period, the OIG provided 10 briefings to Congress on the OIG's
work. Specific ongoing OIG work receiving considerable congressional interest included
reviews related to former Administrator Pruitt and our audit examining whether the EPA
complied with Executive Orders 12866 and 13045 to develop the proposed rulemaking
for glider truck, engine and kit emission requirements. During the reporting period, the
OIG also received six congressional requests.
11

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October '!, 2018—March 31, 2019
Human Health and Environmental Issues
EPA Unable to Assess the impact of Hundreds of Unregulated Pollutants in
Land-Applied Biosolids on Human Health and the Environment
Report No. 19-P-Q002, issued November 15, 2018
A podcast on the biosolids
report is available.
The EPA's controls over the land application of biosolids
generated from sewage sludge were incomplete or had
weaknesses and may not fully protect human health and the
environment. Biosolids are the solid, semisolid or liquid
residue generated during the treatment of domestic
sewage that can be used as fertilizer. The EPA
consistently monitored biosolids for nine regulated
pollutants but lacked the data or risk assessment tools
needed to determine the safety of 352 other pollutants in
biosolids. The EPA's website, public documents and
biosolids labels do not explain the full spectrum of
pollutants in biosolids and the uncertainty regarding their
safety. The 352 pollutants
include 61 designated as acutely
hazardous, hazardous or priority
pollutants in other programs. We
made numerous
recommendations to the EPA to address control weaknesses
regarding biosolids, and while the agency agreed to take
corrective actions in some instances, other recommendations are
unresolved with resolution efforts underway.	Biosolids. (EPA photo)
Tilling soil and injecting biosolids into a farm field
near Madison, Wisconsin. (OIG photo)
Crow Tribe Public Water System Concerns
Report No. 19-N-0044, issued December 13, 2018
Information provided to the OIG by the EPA indicated that three public drinking water
systems serving the Crow Tribe in Montana were experiencing challenges in complying
with fundamental Safe Drinking Water Act requirements. Two systems had not complied
with monitoring requirements, and the drinking water quality for the systems was
unknown. The EPA had required a third system to modify water treatment to address
source water contamination concerns. We provided details to EPA Region 8 for action,
expressing our concern about potential human health threats. In its February 22, 2019,
response, Region 8 described several steps initiated and completed to help the tribe move
toward sustainable Safe Drinking Water Act compliance.
12

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
EPA's Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act Program Meeds
Additional Internal Controls
Report No. 19-P-0045. issued December 14, 2018
The EPA did not prepare a comprehensive risk assessment before the Water
Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act program was established, nor did the agency
develop performance measures to fully identify and capture financial data and the
program's public health benefits to affected communities. Additionally, a lack of controls
for the program's SharePoint site places information on all the agency's intranet-based
systems at increased risk for unauthorized access and disclosure, loss of data, and other
hacking activities. We recommended that the agency correct these issues, and the agency
agreed with our findings and recommendations.
EPA's 2017 WIFIA LOANS ARE HELPING TO
REBUILD AMERICA'S WATER INFRASTRUCTURE
The Wrfler Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act IWIFIAI program decelerates investment
in our nation's water infrastructure. Here's how WIFIA is transforming America in 2017.
$2.3 B
IN WIFIA LOANS
S3
$5.1 B
IN PROJECT COSTS
¦Mi
12
PROJECTS SELECTED
®=%
20 M
PEOPLE IMPACTED
•1
v>EFV\	Learn more: epa.gov/WIFIA	#WIF!A
Source: WIFIA Fiscal Year 2017 Selected Projects-Summary Factsheets website
13

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October '!, 2018—March 31, 2019
Agency Business Practices and Accountability
EPA Consistently Implements Processes Within Its Information Security
Program, but Opportunities for Improvement Exist
Report No. 19-P-0058. issued January 30, 2019
The EPA complied with the Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014
during FY 2018. We assessed the EPA's security program maturity as Level 3 (out of
five levels), which denotes that the agency consistently implements the policies,
procedures and strategies within its information security program. Although we made no
recommendations, we found that the EPA could improve some aspects of risk
management, secunty training, incident response and contingency planning. The EPA
agreed with our conclusions.
Improvement Opportunity
0 Contingency
Planning
RECOVER
Improvement Opportunity
Incident 9
C r Response
IDENTIFY
Level 1: Ad-Hoc
Level 2: Defined
Level 3:
Consistently
Implemented
Level 4: Managed
and Measurable
Level 5: Optimized
Improvement Opportunity
• iV Risk
Management
PROTECT
Improvement Opportunity
» 1 Security
I7 1 Training
RESPOND
DETECT
Source: EPA OIG.
EPA Law Enforcement Availability Pay Properly Certified but Controls over
Process Could Be Improved
Report No. 19-1-0001, issued November 6, 2018
We found that EPA criminal investigators complied with federal requirements for annual
certification of Law Enforcement Availability Pay, which is premium pay provided to the
investigators for being available for unscheduled duty beyond their regular workweek.
However, we identified controls over the reporting process that could be improved.
Monthly activity reports were not always submitted and approved as required,
supervisors did not approve most annual certifications by the date required, and some
criminal investigators incorrectly excluded workdays from their substantial hours
calculation. The agency agreed to take necessary corrective actions.
14

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
EPA's Fiscal Years 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements
Report No. 19-F-0003, issued November 14, 2018
We rendered an unmodified opinion on the EPA's consolidated financial statements for
FYs 2018 and 2017, meaning they were fairly presented and free of material
misstatement. We noted that the EPA's accounting for unearned revenue for Superfund
special accounts continues to be a material weakness. We also noted the following
significant deficiencies:
•	Additional efforts are needed to resolve cash differences with the
U.S. Department of the Treasury.
•	The EPA misstated uncollectible debt.
•	The EPA improperly increased accounts receivable and related revenue.
•	The EPA materially overstated earned revenue.
•	The EPA improperly processed General Services Administration rent payments.
•	The EPA should restrict access to computer rooms with financial and mixed-
financial systems.
•	The EPA needs to perform a documented evaluation on upgrading equipment
used to implement physical environmental controls at the National Computer
Center.
The agency agreed with nine of our 15 recommendations, and six recommendations were
unresolved with resolution efforts underway.
EPA's Fiscal Years 2017 and 2016 Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest System
Fund Financial Statements
Report No. 19-F-0086, issued March 29, 2019
We rendered an unmodified opinion on the EPA's FYs 2017 and 2016 Hazardous Waste
Electronic Manifest System Fund financial statements, meaning that the statements were
fairly presented and free of material misstatements. The Hazardous Waste Electronic
Manifest System has been designed to track off-site shipments of hazardous waste from a
generator's site to the site of the receipt and disposition of the hazardous waste. We noted
two significant deficiencies: the EPA overstated the fund's accrued liabilities and did not
provide adequate support for the e-Manifest contract payment. The agency agreed with
our recommendations and completed all corrective actions.
15

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October '!, 2018—March 31, 2019
City of Houston Complied with Clean Water State Revolving Fund
Requirements
Report No. 19-P-0041. issued December 4, 2018
We found that the procurement practices followed by the city of Houston, Texas, to
award contracts for its sanitary sewer and collection system rehabilitation projects
complied with Clean Water State Revolving Fund requirements. However, we found that
certain work orders for point repairs resulting
from customer complaints may not have been
eligible under the revolving fund because
they could be considered operation and
maintenance work rather than capital
improvements. The OIG was unable to draw a
definitive conclusion on whether the work
Repairs to a steel sanitary sewer force main in Houston.
(Photo from city of Houston website)
was eligible for funding under the revolving
fund program. We recommended that the
Regional Administrator, Region 6, determine
the funding eligibility, and the region
determined that the work was eligible for
funding under the revolving fund program.
The agency completed the corrective action.
16

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Investigations
Significant Investigations
Duke University to Pay $112.5 Million for Alleged False Claims
On March 25, 2019, Duke University agreed to pay the government $112.5 million to
resolve allegations that it violated the False Claims Act by submitting applications and
progress reports to the National Institutes of Health and the EPA that contained falsified
research regarding federal grants. The EPA had one grant involved in the case and
approximately $5.4 million of recoupment associated with the settlement. The settlement
agreement resolved allegations that, from 2006 to 2018, Duke University knowingly
submitted and caused to be submitted falsified or fabricated data or statements regarding
30 grants, causing the National Institutes of Health and the EPA to pay out grant funds
they otherwise would not have.
The investigation and settlement were the result of a coordinated effort by the
U.S. Department of Justice Civil Division's Commercial Litigation Branch, the U.S.
Attorney's Offices for the Middle District of North Carolina and the Western District of
Virginia, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services OIG, and the EPA OIG.
Contractor Convicted After Damaging EPA Water Monitors
On December 13, 2018, Kenneth Morrison of Indiana was convicted in the U.S. District
Court for the Northern District of Indiana of interstate transportation of stolen goods. In
2015, Morrison was arrested by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources Police
Department for illegally disassembling a city rail bridge and stealing the scrap metal for
resale. The disassembly of the bridge resulted in the collapse of the bridge into the Grand
Calumet River. The OIG investigation found that, as a result of the bridge collapse,
several EPA-owned water monitors were damaged. In addition, the debris removal
process impacted a $12 million EPA dredging project that was set to begin in April 2015.
This case was conducted jointly with the EPA Criminal Investigation Division.
SES-Level Director Resigns Following Proposed Removal
During the reporting period, an EPA Senior Executive Service (SES)-level Director
resigned after receiving a notice of proposed removal. An OIG investigation into a
subordinate employee of the Director, who failed to relocate his or her residence as a part
of a promotion, found that the Director had informed the subordinate about how to
17

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
circumvent the requirement. The OIG shared its investigative findings with EPA
management, which already had issued a notice of proposed suspension to the Director.
After receiving the OIG's findings, the EPA withdrew its decision to suspend the
Director and issued a proposal to remove the Director. The case was referred to and
declined for prosecution by the U.S. Department of Justice on April 3, 2019.
Tribal Council Director Sentenced for Theft
On March 1, 2019, David McGraw, former accountant and finance director for the Yukon
River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council in Anchorage, Alaska, was sentenced in the
U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska to 18 months" imprisonment and ordered to
pay restitution in the amount of $40,604 for theft and filing a false tax return. In 2018,
McGraw was indicted for theft and money laundering associated with work he performed
while employed by the council. Each fiscal year from 2010 through 2014, the council was
awarded federal grant money in excess of $1 million. McGraw willfully misapplied over
$300,000 of these funds for his personal benefit.
This investigation was conducted jointly with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the
National Science Foundation OIG and the Internal Revenue Service.
Employee Worked 10 Years Under False Credentials
An investigation of a GS-12 employee, who was hired in 2008, found that the employee
knowingly provided false information relating to qualifications as an engineer to gain
employment with the EPA. The employee provided false information while filling out
and submitting a Standard Form 85, Questionnaire for Non-Sensitive Positions, and two
electronic questionnaires for investigations processing. During follow-on investigations
conducted by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management and the EPA Personnel Security
Branch, as well as during interviews conducted by OIG investigators, the employee also
provided false information. The employee claimed to have the required education for the
engineering position applied for and held. It was discovered that the employee did not
have the education, made up a university and listed it as an accredited university on the
resume for employment. It was also discovered that the employee had obtained previous
employment with a state agency under the same false pretenses. EPA management issued
a notice of proposed removal to the employee. The employee retired after receiving the
notice.
Grantee Violates Federal Grant Regulations
The EPA sought repayment from an EPA grant recipient in the amount of $402,687
based on the grant recipient's violation of various federal regulations concerning the
administration of federal grants. The grant recipient entered into an agreement with a
private attorney for the attorney to provide legal advice and act as the grant administrator
18

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
on an EPA-funded grant. The grant recipient violated federal regulations by (1) allowing
the attorney to be paid based on a percentage of each drawdown against the EPA grant
and (2) completing drawdowns and placing some of those drawdown amounts into
interest-bearing accounts. The case was declined for federal prosecution. The funds were
repaid to the EPA in full.
Reports of Investigation
A Report of Investigation documents the facts and findings of an OIG investigation and
generally involves an employee integrity matter. When the OIG's Office of Investigations
issues a Report of Investigation that has at least one "supported" allegation, it requests
that the entity receiving the report—whether it is an office within the EPA or an office
within the EPA OIG—provide a notification to the OIG within 60 days regarding the
administrative action taken or proposed to be taken in the matter. This section provides
information on how many Reports of Investigation with at least one supported allegation
were issued to the agency and/or to the OIG, and for how many of those Reports of
Investigation a response was not received within a 60-day period.
For the reporting period ending March 31, 2019, the Office of Investigations received the
required responses within the 60-day window for the five Reports of Investigation that
were issued.
19

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Hotline Activities
The Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires each OIG to manage a hotline.
The purpose of the hotline is to receive complaints of fraud, waste or abuse in EPA and
CSB programs and operations, including mismanagement or violations of law, rules or
regulations by agency employees or program participants. The hotline also encourages
suggestions for assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of agency programs. Complaints
and requests may be submitted by anyone, including EPA and CSB employees,
participants in EPA and CSB programs, Congress, organizations, and the public. As a
result of these contacts, the OIG may conduct audits, evaluations and investigations.
Details on our work during the semiannual reporting period follow.
Projects Initiated via OIG Hotline
Management Alert: Hotline Concerns over Region 9 Regional Administrator's
Duty Station and Travel
Report No. 19-N-0087, issued March 21, 2019
We addressed a hotline complaint regarding Michael Stoker, the Region 9 Regional
Administrator. The complaint expressed concerns over Stoker's time spent away from his
duty station in San Francisco, California; the potential for moving his duty station to the
EPA field office in Los Angeles, California; his time spent in the Los Angeles office; and
the number of trips he made, including trips to locations in Southern California. We
identified the following allocation of Stoker's time for the period reviewed.
Regional Administrator's allocation of official time
from May 21, 2018, through January 31, 2019
Location
Total Days
San Francisco
30
Los Angeles
19
Official Travel
72
Telework
24
Total Scheduled Days
145
Source: Information obtained from Region 9
Regional Administrator's office.
Further, we found that Stoker took 35 trips during the same period, at a total cost of
$43,875, and 15 of those trips included destinations in Southern California.
20

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October '!, 2018—March 31, 2019
EPA Finalized a Study of the Historical Applications of Coal Ash as Structural Fill
Report No. 19-N-0084, issued March 8, 2019
The EPA completed its corrective
actions to address the two
recommendations included in OIG
Report No. 1 l-P-0173. EPA Promoted
the Use of Coal Ash Products With
Incomplete Risk Information, dated
March 23, 2011. However, the agency
did not publish a document that detailed
its determination that no further EPA
action is warranted to address historical
coal combustion residual structural fill
applications. We recommended that the
EPA publish the document, and the
agency did so.
Significant Investigations Initiated via OIG Hotline
Former Employee Sentenced to Prison for Obstructing Child Pornography
Investigation
On December 21, 2018, Floyd OTiara, a former EPA employee, was sentenced in the
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois to 38 months in prison followed
by 3 years of supervised release for obstructing an OIG child pornography investigation.
In 2016, O' Hara was indicted for possession of child pornography, conversion of
government property and obstructing justice. The investigation determined that O Hara
had downloaded unauthorized software onto his EPA-issued laptop and deleted files
relevant to the investigation. On March 8,2018, OTIara pleaded guilty to obstructing a
child pornography investigation.
Individual Debarred from Government Programs
On February 7, 2019, Tracy Bronson of Marshall, Michigan, was debarred from
participation in federal contracts and assistance activities until March 25, 2028. Bronson
was the Executive Director of the Calhoun Conservation District in Calhoun County,
Michigan. In calendar years 2014, 2016 and 2017, the district received federal grant
funds from the EPA and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Bronson was accused of
misappropriating over $500,000 of those funds for her own personal benefit and use. In
2018, Bronson pleaded guilty to one count of theft or bribery concerning programs
receiving federal funds, and she admitted to embezzling between $500,000 and
Highway embankment with fly ash structural fill.
(U.S. Department of Transportation photo)
21

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
$1,500,000. She was sentenced to 37 months in federal prison and 3 years of supervised
release, and ordered to pay $573,159 in restitution.
Hotline Statistics
The EPA OIG Hotline receives complaints of fraud, waste, abuse, mismanagement or
misconduct in EPA programs and operations. The figures below detail the number and
type of complaints that the hotline received and referred for review by OIG investigation
and audit staff, EPA program offices or other government agencies during the first half of
FY 2019.
Number of hotline complaints recieved and referred
Number of hotline complaints referred to:
OIG offices
EPA program offices
148
Other federal and state/local agencies
| 3
50
100
150
Note: Hotline complaints may be referred to more than one entity, so the total number of referrals
may be higher than the total number of complaints.
22

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Type of hotline complaints referred
Abuse of power

7



Computer crimes
M 3]




Computer security
M 3]




Conflict of interest

10

Contract improprieties
3




Employee issue (ethics)
¦0




Employee issue (personnel action fraud)
¦0




Employee issues (time/attendance)
¦ 2]




Employee issues (misconduct)
13
Employee issues (other)
is
Environmental issues (specific to air, water, etc.)
ii
Environmental issues (other)

False statements
5




Fraud (contract)


9

Fraud (grant)
14
Fraud (laboratory)
^4




Fraud (other)
mm 4




Harassment
5




Misconduct (other than employee)
3]




Other

7



Programmatic/operational issues
¦ 4




Threats and workplace violence
6



Hotline Confidentiality
The Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, and other laws protect those who make
hotline complaints. The Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2012 provides
protection to employees who disclose misconduct or misuse of government resources.
Individuals who contact the hotline are not required to identify themselves and may
request confidentiality when submitting allegations. However, the OIG encourages those
who report allegations to identify themselves so that they can be contacted if the OIG has
additional questions. Pursuant to Section 7 of the Inspector General Act, the OIG will not
disclose the identity of an EPA employee who provides information unless that employee
consents or the Inspector General determines that such disclosure is unavoidable during
the course of an investigation, audit or evaluation. As a matter of policy, the OIG will
provide comparable protection to employees of contractors, grantees and others who
provide information to the OIG and request confidentiality. Individuals concerned about
the confidentiality or anonymity of electronic communication may submit allegations by
telephone or U.S. mail.
23

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
EPA OIG Hotline
To report fraud, waste or abuse:


email:
phone:
fax:
online:
OIG Hotline@eDa.aov
888-546-8740 or 202-566-2476
202-566-0814
EPA OIG Hotline
write:
EPA OIG Hotline
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Mail Code 2431T
Washington, DC 20460
EPA Whistleblower Protection Coordinator


To contact the EPA Whistleblower Coordinator:


phone:
202-566-1513
(anonymity provided)
online:
EPA Whistleblower Protection
24

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation
Board (CSB) was created by the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990. The CSB's mission is to
investigate accidental chemical releases at facilities,
report to the public on the root causes and
recommend measures to prevent future occurrences.
In FY 2004, Congress designated the EPA Inspector General to serve as the Inspector
General for the CSB. As a result, the EPA OIG has the responsibility to audit, evaluate,
inspect and investigate the CSB's programs, and to review proposed laws and regulations
to determine their potential impact on the CSB's programs and operations. Details on our
work involving the CSB are available on the OIG's webpage about the CSB.
CSB Audit Reports
Audit of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board's Fiscal Years
2018 and 2017 Financial Statements
Report No. 19-F-0004, issued November 14, 2018
The firm that audited the CSB's financial statements for FYs 2018 and 2017 on behalf of
the EPA OIG found the statements to be fairly presented and free of material
misstatements. The firm noted no matters involving internal control and CSB operation
that it considered to be a material weakness or a significant deficiency.
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board's Compliance for
Fiscal Year 2018 with Improper Payments Legislation and Guidance
Report No. 19-N-0070, issued February 12, 2019
The CSB complied with the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-123
requirement to conduct an improper payments risk assessment. However, the CSB did not
comply with the Circular A-136 requirements to post its FY 2018 Performance and
Accountability Report on the CSB website and include a link to the report on the CSB's
homepage. Immediately upon being notified of its noncompliance, the CSB completed
corrective actions.

25

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Other Results of OIG Work
Follow-Up Is Important Aspect of OIG Efforts
It is important for an OIG to follow up on certain previously issued reports to ensure that
appropriate and effective corrective actions have been taken. The following reports issued
during the semiannual reporting period ending March 31, 2019, involved follow-up on
prior OIG reports.
Report no.
Report title
Date
19-N-0084
EPA Finalized a Study of the Historical Applications of
Coal Ash as Structural Fill
March 8, 2019
19-P-0002
EPA Unable to Assess the Impact of Hundreds of
Unregulated Pollutants in Land-Applied Biosolids on
Human Health and the Environment
November 15, 2018
19-F-0003
EPA's Fiscal Years 2018 and 2017 Consolidated
Financial Statements
November 14, 2018
19-P-0001
EPA Law Enforcement Availability Pay Properly Certified
but Controls over Process Could Be Improved
November 6, 2018
Source: EPA OIG analysis.
26

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Single Audit Reporting Efforts Make Impact
In accordance with the Single Audit Act of 1984 and Office of Management and Budget
guidance, nonfederal entities that expend more than $750,000 in federal funds (usually in
the form of grants) are required to have a comprehensive annual audit of their financial
statements and compliance with major federal program requirements. The entities
receiving the funds include states, local governments, tribes and nonprofit organizations.
The act provides that grantees are to be subject to one annual comprehensive audit of all
their federal programs versus a separate audit of each federal program, hence the term
"single audit." The audits are usually performed by private firms. Federal agencies rely
upon the results of single audit reporting when performing their grants management
oversight of these entities.
The OIG provides an important customer service to the EPA by performing technical
reviews of single audit reports, and issues memos to the EPA for audit resolution and
corrective action. These memos recommend that EPA action officials confirm that
corrective actions have been taken. If the corrective actions have not been implemented,
the EPA needs to obtain planned corrective actions, with milestone dates, for addressing
the findings in a single report. A summary of single audit reporting actions during the
semiannual reporting period ending March 31, 2019, follows.
Summary of single audit activity in the first half of FY 2019

October 1,2018-
March 31, 2019
No. of single audit memos issued to EPA
98
No. of single audit findings reported to EPA
220
Questioned costs reported to EPA
$98,990
No. of quality reviews of single audits reports done by OIG
1
Source: EPA OIG analysis.
The OIG also provides technical assistance and advice to the EPA, single auditors and
others involved with the single audit process. For example, the OIG worked with the
agency to develop a memorandum of understanding among the OIG, the Office of the
Chief Financial Officer, and the Office of Grants and Debarment on roles and
responsibilities for the single audit process.
27

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Agency Best Practices
During the semiannual reporting period, two OIG reports highlighted agency best
practices that have potential value and applicability to other components in the EPA:
The Biosolids Rule requires certain biosolids generators to file annual reports
each February. The EPA previously received annual reports submitted on paper
in a nonstandard format. The EPA stated that for the annual reports due on
February 28, 2018, the agency received 2,226 electronic report submissions and
an additional 81 reports submitted on paper or other nonstandard formats. This
represents a 96.5 percent electronic submission rate in only the second year for
electronic report submissions. (Report No. 19-P-0002)
The EPA's Office of Waste Management, within the Office of Water, has
established a solid and positive control environment of support for the Water
Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act program. Using the U.S. Department
of Transportation's existing Transportation Infrastructure Finance and
Innovation Act program as a model, the Office of Waste Management
expeditiously recruited highly experienced personnel from that program and
other Office of Water suboffices for staffing. Further, based on the OIG's
review of the program, no issues were found with three of five Government
Accountability Office internal control components: control environment,
information and communication, and monitoring. (Report No. 19-P-0045)
28

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Statistical Data
Profile of Activities and Results
OIG audits *

($ in millions)


October 1,2018, to

March 31, 2019
Questioned costs
$0
Potential monetary benefits **
$0,386
Reports issued by OIG *
8
* Only includes performance and financial audits conducted in
accordance with generally accepted government auditing
standards. Appendix 1 lists all reports issued.
** Questioned costs and potential monetary benefits are subject
to change pending further review in the audit resolution
process.
Investigative operations *($ in millions)
Total fines and recoveries
Cost savings
Civil settlements
Cases opened during period
Indictments/informations/complaints
Cases closed during period
Convictions
Civil judgments/settlements/filings
October 1,2018, to
March 31,2019
EPA OIG
only
Joint**
Total
$0,408
$0,041
$0,449
$0,414
$0,000
$0,414
$0,000
$112,500
$112,500
40
4
44
1
2
3
68
15
83
0
2
2
0
3
3
* Section 5(a)(22) requires detailed descriptions of the particular circumstances of
each inspection, evaluation and audit conducted by the OIG that was closed and
not publicly disclosed. There were no instances of inspections, evaluations or
audits that were closed and not publicly disclosed during the semiannual period
ending March 31, 2019. Investigations that were closed but not previously publicly
disclosed are found in Appendix 4.
** With another federal agency.
29

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Audit Report Resolution
Table 1: OIG-issued reports and value of questioned costs for semiannual period ending
March 31, 2019 ($ in thousands)
Report category
No. of
reports
Questioned
costs *
Unsupported
costs
A.
For which no management decision was made by
October 1, 2018 **
8
$3,208
$3,037
B.
New reports issued during period ***
13
0
0
Subtotals (A + B)
21
3,208
3,037
C.
For which a management decision was made during
the reporting period:
14


(i) Dollar value of disallowed costs

0
0

(ii) Dollar value of costs not disallowed

0
0
D.
For which no management decision was made by
March 31, 2019
7
$3,208
$3,037
* Questioned costs include unsupported costs.
** Any difference in number of reports and amounts of questioned costs between this report and our previous
semiannual report results from corrections made to data in our audit tracking system.
*** Includes projects conducted both in accordance with and not in accordance with generally accepted government
auditing standards.
Table 2: OIG-issued reports and recommendations that funds be put to better use for
semiannual period ending March 31, 2019 ($ in thousands)
Report category
No. of
reports
Dollar
value
A. For which no management decision was made by October 1, 2018 *
8
$3,208
B. New reports issued during the reporting period **
13
386
Subtotals (A + B)
21
3,594
C. For which a management decision was made during the reporting period:
14

(i) Dollar value of recommendations from reports that were
agreed to by management
7
386
(ii) Dollar value of recommendations from reports that were
not agreed to by management
0
D. For which no management decision was made by March 31, 2019
$3,208
* Any difference in number of reports and amounts of funds put to better use between this report and our previous
semiannual report results from corrections made to data in our audit tracking system.
** Includes projects conducted both in accordance with and not in accordance with generally accepted government
auditing standards.
30

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Summary of Investigative Results
Summary of investigative activity during reporting period
Cases open as of October 1, 2018 *
177
Cases opened during period
44
Cases closed during period
83
Cases pending as of March 31, 2019
138
Complaints open as of October 1, 2018
22
Complaints opened during period
58
Complaints closed during period
55
Complaints pending as of March 31, 2019
25
* Adjusted from prior period.
Results of prosecutive actions

EPA OIG only
Joint *
Total
Criminal indictments/informations/complaints **
1
2
3
Convictions
0
2
2
Civil judgments/settlements/filings
0
2
2
Criminal fines and recoveries
$5,025
$40,904
$45,929
Civil recoveries
$0
$112,500,000
$112,500,000
Prison time
0 months
56 months
56 months
Prison time suspended
0 months
0 months
0 months
Home detention
0 months
0 months
0 months
Probation
24 months
60 months
84 months
Community service
0 hours
0 hours
0 hours
*With another federal agency.
** Sealed indictments are not included in this category.
Administrative actions

EPA OIG only
Joint *
Total
Suspensions
0
0
0
Debarments
0
2
2
Other administrative actions
13
3
16
Total
13
5
18
Administrative recoveries
$402,688
$0
$402,688
Cost savings
$414,495
$0
$414,495
* With another federal agency.
31

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Semiannual Report to Congress	October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Summary of investigative reports issued and referrals *
Number of investigative reports issued
5
Number of persons referred to U.S. Department of Justice for criminal prosecution
16
Number of persons referred to state and local authorities for criminal prosecution
3
Number of criminal indictments and informations resulting from any prior referrals to
prosecutive authorities
2
* Investigative reports are comprised of final Reports of Investigation, interim reports of investigation and supplemental
reports of investigation. In calculating the number of referrals, corporate entities were counted as "persons."
Employee integrity cases*
Political GS-13 and
appointees SES GS-14/15 below Misc. Total
Pending as of October 1, 2018
6
9
46
63
7
131
Opened*
1
2
4
8
5
20
Closed*
4
8
45
49
6
112
Pending as of March 31, 2019 **
4
7
10
24
9
54
* Integrity investigation cases involve allegations of criminal activity or serious misconduct by agency employees that
could threaten the credibility of the agency, the validity of executive decisions, the security of personnel or business
information entrusted to the agency, or financial loss to the agency (such as abuse of government bank cards or theft of
agency funds). Allegations against former employees are included under "Misc."
** Pending numbers as of March 31, 2019, may not add up due to investigative developments resulting in subjects
being added or changed.
The chart below provides a breakdown by grade and number of employees who are the subject of
employee integrity investigations.
Employee integrity cases: Breakdown by grade and number of employees
10
24
¦	Political Appointees
¦	SES
¦	14/15
¦	13 and below
Misc
32

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendices
Appendix 1—Reports Issued
Section 5(a)(6) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires a listing, subdivided according to subject matter, of each
report issued by the OIG during the reporting period. For each report, where applicable, the Inspector General Act also requires a listing
of the dollar value of questioned costs and the dollar value of recommendations that funds be put to better use.
	Questioned costs	 Potential
monetary
Report no.	Report title	Date	Ineligible Unsupported Unreasonable	benefits	
FINANCIAL AUDITS IN ACCORDANCE WITH
GENERALLY ACCEPTED GOVERNMENT AUDITING STANDARDS
19-F-0003 EPA's Fiscal Years 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Financial	11/14/18
Statements
19-F-0004 Audit of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Flazard Investigation	11/14/18
Board's Fiscal Years 2018 and 2017 Financial Statements
19-F-0086 EPA's Fiscal Years 2017 and 2016 Hazardous Waste	3/29/19
Electronic Manifest System Fund Financial Statements
0
385,534
SUBTOTAL = 3
$0
$0
$0
$385,534
PROJECTS NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH
GENERALLY ACCEPTED GOVERNMENT AUDITING STANDARDS
19-N-0044 Crow Tribe Public Water Systems Concerns	12/13/18	$0	$0	$0	$0
19-N-0070 U.S. Chemical Safety and Flazard Investigation Board's	2/12/19	0	0	0	0
Compliance for Fiscal Year 2018 with Improper Payments
Legislation and Guidance
19-N-0084 EPA Finalized a Study of the Historical Applications of	3/8/19	0	0	0	0
Coal Ash as Structural Fill
19-N-0085 Management Alert: Destruction of a Document Used to Certify	3/8/19	0	0	0	0
Security of EPA's Budget Formulation System
19-N-0087 Management Alert: Hotline Concerns over Region 9	3/21/19	0	0	0	0
Regional Administrator's Duty Station and Travel
SUBTOTAL = 5	$0	$0	$0	$0
PERFORMANCE AUDITS IN ACCORDANCE WITH
GENERALLY ACCEPTED GOVERNMENT AUDITING STANDARDS
19-P-0001 EPA Law Enforcement Availability Pay Properly Certified but	11 /6/18
Controls over Process Could Be Improved
19-P-0002 EPA Unable to Assess the Impact of Hundreds of Unregulated 11/15/18
Pollutants in Land-Applied Biosolids on Human Health and the
Environment
19-P-0041 City of Houston Complied with Clean Water State Revolving	12/4/18
Fund Requirements
19-P-0045 EPA's Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act	12/15/19
Program Needs Additional Internal Controls
19-P-0058 EPA Consistently Implements Processes Within Its	1/30/19
Information Security Program, but Opportunities for
Improvement Exist
SUBTOTAL = 5
0
0
0
$0
0
0
0
$0
0
0
0
$0
0
0
0
$0
TOTAL REPORTS ISSUED 13
$385,534
33

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendix 2—Reports Issued Without Management Decisions
For Reporting Period Ended March 31, 2019
Section 5(a)(10)(B) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires a summary of each audit, inspection
and evaluation report issued during the reporting period for which no establishment comment was returned within
60 days of providing the report to the establishment. The literal language of Section 5(a)(10)(B) requests the OIG to
track reports issued prior to commencement of the reporting period. However, given that this provision was intended
to codify the February 27, 2015, semiannual requests from Senators Grassley and Johnson, the OIG interprets this
provision to apply to reports within the semiannual period. There were no reports for which we did not receive a
response within 60 days during the semiannual period.
Section 5(a)(10)(A) of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, requires a summary of each audit, inspection
and evaluation report issued before the commencement of the reporting period for which no management decision
had been made by the end of the reporting period, an explanation of the reasons such management decision had not
been made, and a statement concerning the desired timetable for achieving a management decision on each such
report. Office of Management and Budget Circular A-50 requires resolution within 6 months of a final report being
issued. In this section, we report on audits and evaluations with no management decision or resolution within
6 months of final report issuance. In the summaries below, we provide the resolution status of management decisions
not made as of March 31, 2019, which the OIG desires to resolve as soon as possible.
Office of the Administrator
Report No. 17-P-0378. Management Alert: EPA Should Promptly Reassess Community Risk Screening Tool,
September 7, 2017
Summary: Our review substantiated some hotline allegations about the Community-Focused Risk Screening Tool,
known as C-FERST. We found that the EPA's Office of Research and Development took 8 years to develop a tool
that is different from its intended purpose, requires effective training to use, overlaps with other EPA tools, and
has not been widely used in the approximately 9 months after it was publicly released. Without metrics to measure
performance, it is unclear whether C-FERST is being used for its intended purpose or meets user needs. Further,
having multiple agency mapping tools that perform similar functions can confuse potential users. On October 11,
2018, the Office of Research and Development advised the OIG that, based on an internal review of C-FERST, future
development and use of C-FERST was ended, and unique aspects of C-FERST were incorporated into other EPA
tools. One recommendation—for the Deputy Administrator to examine all EPA web-based screening and mapping
tools to ensure the need for each tool and to avoid potential overlap, duplication and waste—remains unresolved.
Resolution Status: The OIG received the EPA's response. The agency and the OIG continue to have discussions
regarding the unresolved recommendation.
Office of Air and Radiation
Report No. 17-P-0249. Improved Data and EPA Oversight Are Needed to Assure Compliance with the
Standards for Benzene Content in Gasoline, June 8, 2017
Summary: The EPA could improve the effectiveness of its oversight processes and controls for the benzene fuels
program to better assure that refineries and importers report accurate and complete data and comply with the
gasoline benzene standards. We reviewed all batch and annual benzene reports for the period 2011 through 2014.
Reported annual volumes and/or annual average benzene concentrations did not match supporting batch reports for
over 25 percent of the regulated facilities. We identified potential noncompliance with the benzene standards at
40 facilities. EPA staff had never reviewed 16 of these facilities for compliance using the compliance assessment tool,
conducted an on-site compliance audit as of the time of our review, or reviewed the facilities prior to the year in which
we identified the potential noncompliance. According to data reported to the EPA at the time of our review, these
16 facilities produced or imported over 13 billion gallons of gasoline during 2011 through 2014, which potentially did
not meet applicable benzene standards for gasoline (about 3 percent of total U.S. volume during that period). We
made 10 recommendations for the EPA to improve data quality and completeness, and review instances of potential
noncompliance. Two recommendations remain unresolved.
Resolution Status: The agency provided revised corrective action plans for the two remaining unresolved
recommendations on March 13, 2019. OIG management is reviewing these revised action plans.
34

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention
Report No. 18-P-0080, EPA Needs to Evaluate the Impact of the Revised Agricultural Worker Protection
Standard on Pesticide Exposure Incidents, February 15, 2018
Summary: The EPA had policies and procedures to implement the revised Agricultural Worker Protection Standard,
designed to protect the nation's more than 2 million agricultural workers and pesticide handlers from pesticide
exposure. However, management controls to implement the revised standard were not fully adequate as of
January 2, 2017, when compliance with most of the revised rule was required. Although required training was
provided, essential materials were not available when the majority of the training was conducted. Also, the EPA did
not have the ability to collect pesticide exposure incident data to measure impact. The agency did not agree with the
recommendation to develop a methodology to evaluate incident data.
Resolution Status: The OIG received the EPA's response in February 2019. The OIG has accepted the agency's
planned corrective action and milestone date. The recommendation will be resolved and closed out in the semiannual
period ending September 30, 2019.
Office of the Chief Financial Officer; Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Report No. 18-P-0239. EPA Asserts Statutory Law Enforcement Authority to Protect Its Administrator
but Lacks Procedures to Assess Threats and Identify the Proper Level of Protection, September 4, 2018
Summary: This report made recommendations to two offices that remain unresolved:
•	Office of the Chief Financial Officer. We notified the agency of internal control weaknesses that resulted in
an authorized payment for pay above the annual pay limit for an agent. We issued four recommendations to
improve internal controls, determine whether similar overpayments have been made and recover any
overpayments. The Office of the Chief Financial Officer submitted corrective actions; however, we found some
actions to be incomplete. Two of these recommendations therefore remain unresolved.
Resolution Status: The agency and OIG continue to have discussions about the unresolved recommendations.
•	Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. We found that the Protective Service Detail for the EPA
Administrator had no approved standard operating procedures to address the level of protection required for the
Administrator or how those services were to be provided. As a result, the detail incurred over $3.5 million in
costs from February 1, 2017, through December 31, 2017, for Administrator Scott Pruitt—an increase of over
110 percent compared to the prior period's costs of $1.6 million for the previous Administrator—without
documented justification. We also found that agents worked overtime without proper justification, resulting in
improper payments. We recommended that the EPA implement new policies, procedures and/or guidance for
Protective Service Detail operations and agents; regularly complete a threat analysis to identify the proper
protection required for the Administrator; and identify and report any improper payments to the Office of the
Chief Financial Officer. Of the seven recommendations issued, five remain unresolved.
Resolution Status: The agency and OIG continue to have discussions about the unresolved recommendations.
Region 8—Regional Administrator
Report No. 2007-4-00078. Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Outlays Reported Under Five EPA Assistance
Agreements, September 24, 2007
Summary: The tribe did not comply with the financial and program management standards under the Code of
Federal Regulations and Office of Management and Budget Circular A-87. We questioned $3,101,827 of the
$3,736,560 in outlays reported. The tribe's internal controls were not sufficient to ensure that outlays reported
complied with federal cost principles, regulations and grant conditions. In some instances, the tribe also was not able
to demonstrate that it had completed all work under the agreements and had achieved the intended results.
Resolution Status: The OIG has not received a response from the EPA.
Total reports issued before reporting period for which
no management decision had been made as of March 31, 2019 = 5
35

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendix 3—Reports with Corrective Action Not Completed
In compliance with reporting requirements of Sections 5(a)(3) and 5(a)(10)(C) of the Inspector General Act of 1978,
as amended, we are to identify each significant recommendation described in previous semiannual reports on which
corrective action has not been completed, and a summary of each audit, inspection and evaluation report for which
there are any outstanding unimplemented recommendations. We are also to identify the aggregate potential
monetary benefits of the unimplemented recommendations.
This appendix contains separate tables of unimplemented recommendations for the EPA and the CSB from 2001 to
March 31, 2019.
There is a total of 129 current and unimplemented recommendations for the EPA with total potential monetary
benefits of approximately $89 million, of which $0,095 million was sustained by the agency. Sustained cost is the
dollar value of questioned costs or monetary benefits identified by the OIG during an audit/evaluation and agreed to
in whole or in part by the agency. There is one unimplemented CSB recommendation with a total potential monetary
benefit of approximately $0,402 million, all of which was sustained by the CSB.
In this report, corrective actions (CAs) and sub-recommendations (a., b. c., etc.) are not individually counted as
recommendations.
Below is a listing of the responsible EPA offices to which recommendations included in the following tables are
directed. While a recommendation may be listed as unimplemented, the agency may be on track to complete agreed-
upon corrective actions by the planned due date.
Responsible EPA Offices:
DA	Deputy Administrator (within the Office of the Administrator)
OAR	Office of Air and Radiation
OCFO	Office of the Chief Financial Officer
OCSPP	Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention
OECA	Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
OLEM	Office of Land and Emergency Management
OMS 1	Office of Mission Support
OP	Office of Policy (within the Office of the Administrator)
ORD	Office of Research and Development
OW	Office of Water
Region 1
Region 2
Region 6
Region 9
1 Effective November 26, 2018, the former Office of Environmental Information and Office of Administration and
Resources Management were merged into the new Office of Mission Support. In this appendix, any
recommendations originally issued to the former offices will be listed as under the purview of the new office.
36

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Semiannual Report to Congress	October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
EPA Reports with Unimplemented Recommendations
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
Management Alert - EPA's
Incident Tracking System Lacks
Required Controls to Protect
Personal Information
18-P-0298
OMS
1. Develop and implement a strategy that protects the
confidentiality of personally identifiable information and sensitive
personally identifiable information, as required by federal and
EPA privacy and password guidance, for incident tickets in the
current incident tracking system.
9/30/18
12/30/19

9/28/18

2. Update standard operating procedures for EPA incident
tracking system help desk technicians. Establish controls for
technicians to comply with federal personally identifiable
information requirements when they handle incident tickets that
require them to collect personally identifiable information and
sensitive personally identifiable information.
7/31/18




3. Complete a System of Records Notice for the replacement
incident tracking system.
6/30/19




4. Update the EPA's system security plan, privacy impact
assessment and other necessary security documentation to
specify that the replacement system will contain personally
identifiable information and sensitive personally identifiable
information.
12/31/19


EPA Paid $14.5 Million to
Foreign Fellows that Could Have
Funded Research by U.S.
Citizens or Permanent Residents
18-P-0288
9/26/18
OMS
1. Stipulate in future grants and cooperative agreements that
result in fellowship awards that the fellowships can only be
awarded to U.S. citizens or those holding a visa permitting
permanent residency in the United States, consistent with
citizenship requirements for fellowships awarded directly by the
EPA.
12/31/18
6/30/19



2. Develop a policy for fellowships funded through EPA
cooperative agreements. The policy should include citizenship
requirements for such fellowships.
10/1/19




3. Perform advanced administrative monitoring reviews for the
American Association for the Advancement of Science and the
Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, to ensure
that recipients complied with cooperative agreement terms and
conditions. The results of each review must be transmitted to the
recipient and recorded in the Integrated Grants Management
System database.
12/31/18
6/30/19

Collecting Additional
Performance Data from States
Would Help EPA Better Assess
the Effectiveness of Vehicle
Inspection and Maintenance
OAR
1. Develop and distribute a supplement to the existing National
Program Manager Guidance metrics to specifically identify state
vehicle inspection and maintenance reports for regions to
review. Include biennial program evaluation reports and verify
that report quality complies with statutory requirements.
1/31/20
6/31/19

Programs
18-P-0283
9/25/18

2. Confirm that biennial program evaluation reports are
submitted by states with enhanced inspection and maintenance
programs and that EPA regions review the reports, sharing best
practices and providing additional clarification.
9/30/19




3. Revise the vehicle inspection and maintenance rule to remove
the cross reference to Title 40 § 51.353(b)(1) of the Code of
Federal Regulations, and provide defined evaluation
methodology guidance to enable states to quantify emission
reductions.
6/30/19




5. Develop and implement guidance on the calculation of
individual test statistics in state reports to provide consistency in
state reports across regions.
6/30/19


37

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)


6. Conduct outreach to states with deficiencies in program
implementation to determine whether there are any methods
whereby inspection and failure rates, waiver rates and "no
known final outcome" vehicles can comply with the rates claimed
for the program in the approved State Implementation Plan, as
required by the inspection and maintenance rule and/or above
national averages.
9/30/19


7. Issue guidance to address any trends or common problems
identified by the outreach conducted to states with deficiencies
in program implementation.
3/31/20


Measures and Management
Controls Needed to Improve
EPA's Pesticide Emergency
Exemption Process
18-P-0281
9/25/18
OCSPP
1. Develop and implement applicable outcome-based
performance measures to demonstrate the human health and
environmental effects of the EPA's emergency exemption
decisions.
6/30/21


2. Determine which application review performance target for
emergency exemption applications the Office of Pesticide
Programs plans to meet, and make that target consistent
between its Annual Performance Goal and its internal controls
governing the emergency exemption process.
7/31/19


3. Update and finalize the draft standard operating procedure
that the Office of Pesticide Programs uses to guide the
emergency exemption process.
7/31/19


4. Develop formal emergency exemption application review
procedures that detail specific data collection, management and
reporting control steps, as well as procedures that require
specific management controls for accurately and consistently
updating the Office of Pesticide Programs Section 18 database.
7/31/19


5. Develop concise emergency exemption application guidance
that specifies the minimum requirements of an application
submission and is available on the Office of Pesticide Programs
Section 18 website.
9/30/20


6. Provide clear guidance to state lead agencies on how and
when they can use efficacy data from other state lead agencies
to satisfy the emergency exemption application criteria.
9/30/20


7. Expand the data presented in the Office of Pesticide
Programs Section 18 database by considering additional data
points, such as application acreage requested, actual acreage
applied and registration status of each exempted pesticide.
6/30/20


8. Provide an annual update and information summary to state
lead agencies to better inform them about any changes to the
emergency exemption application-and-review process.
6/30/19


EPA Needs to Re-Evaluate Its
Compliance Monitoring Priorities
for Minimizing Asbestos Risks in
Schools
18-P-0270
9/17/18
OECA
1. Require the EPA regions, through the National Program
Manager Guidance, to incorporate asbestos strategies in their
Toxic Substances Control Act compliance monitoring efforts.
9/30/19


2. Inform local educational agencies, in coordination with the
EPA regions, that they must comply with the requirements of the
Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools Rule, 40 CFR §
763.93, to develop and maintain an asbestos management plan,
regardless of the presence of an exclusion statement, and
monitor compliance.
6/30/19


38

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA Can Strengthen Its Process
for Revising Air Quality
Dispersion Models that Predict
Impact of Pollutant Emissions
18-P-0241
9/5/18
OAR
1. Develop standard operating procedures for the review and
approval process for revising preferred air quality dispersion
models
9/30/18
3/31/19

2. Develop a quality assurance project plan or equivalent
documents describing the results of systematic planning before
developing a new air quality dispersion model or undertaking
any significant revisions in the future to existing preferred air
quality dispersion models, which are codified in Appendix A to
Appendix W of 40 CFR Part 51.
3/31/20


3. Revise the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards'
Quality Management Plan to state whether the agency is
developing quality assurance project plans or equivalent
documents to meet EPA Quality System requirements for
developing or revising preferred air quality dispersion models.
3/31/20


4. Train the Air Quality Modeling Group staff concerning the
standard operating procedures of preferred air quality dispersion
model review and approval and EPA Quality System
requirements.
9/30/19


EPA Needs a Comprehensive
Vision and Strategy for Citizen
Science that Aligns with Its
Strategic Objectives on Public
Participation
18-P-0240
9/5/18
DA
1. Establish a strategic vision and objectives for managing the
use of citizen science that identifies:
a.	Linkage to the agency's strategic goals,
b.	Roles and responsibilities for implementation, and
c.	Resources to maintain and build upon existing agency
expertise.
12/31/20


2. Through appropriate EPA offices, direct completion of an
assessment to identify the data management requirements for
using citizen science data and an action plan for addressing
those requirements, including those on sharing and using data,
data format/standards, and data testing/validation.
12/31/20


ORD
3. Finalize, in coordination with the Office of Environmental
Information and Region 1, the Draft Quality Assurance
Handbook for Citizen Science, and communicate to agency staff
and citizen science groups the availability and content of this
handbook.
12/31/20


4. Build capacity for managing the use of citizen science, and
expand awareness of citizen science resources, by:
a.	Finalizing the checklist on administrative and legal factors
for agency staff to consider when developing citizen science
projects, as well as identifying and developing any
procedures needed to ensure compliance with steps in the
checklist;
b.	Conducting training and/or marketing on the EPA's citizen
science intranet site for program and regional staff in
developing projects; and
c.	Finalizing and distributing materials highlighting project
successes and how the EPA has used results of its
investment in citizen science.
12/31/20


39

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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA Asserts Statutory Law
Enforcement Authority to Protect
Its Administrator but Lacks
Procedures to Assess Threats
and Identify the Proper Level of
Protection
18-P-0239
9/4/18
OECA
2. Implement the Office of General Counsel opinion through new
policies, procedures and/or guidance that defines the amount of
time agents must spend on investigating environmental crimes
and how the time will be monitored and documented by
supervisors.
9/30/18


OCFO
9. Request a pay audit of the calendar year 2017 wages for the
Protective Service Detail agent who had received the
overpayment and determine the amount the agent exceeded the
2017 pay cap.
9/30/18


10. Recover the $16,299.33 for which the waiver for the
Protective Service Detail agent who had received the
overpayment was denied and any additional overpayment
determined by the pay audit.
9/30/18


EPA Needs to Finish
Prioritization and Resource
Allocation Methodologies for
Abandoned Uranium Mine Sites
on or Near Navajo Lands
18-P-0233
8/22/18
Regions
6 and 9
1. Complete the necessary removal site evaluations and
engineering evaluations/cost analyses.
12/31/20


2. Fully develop and implement prioritization and resource
allocation methodologies for the Tronox abandoned uranium
mine sites on or near Navajo Nation lands.
12/31/21


EPA's Purchase Card and
Convenience Check Program
Controls Are Not Effective for
Preventing Improper Purchases
18-P-0232
8/20/18
OMS
1. Conduct an assessment and determine how to enhance
controls, reduce confusion and achieve compliance.
10/5/18
1/15/19

8. Provide detailed training on EPA purchase card guidance,
policy and expectations to cardholders and approving officials.
12/31/18


9. Take steps to rectify purchases made without prior funding
approval.
12/31/18


10. Implement a policy regarding the appropriate number and
categories of purchase cardholders.
12/31/18


DA
11. Issue an agencywide memorandum to emphasize
compliance with federal and EPA requirements for purchase
card and convenience check transactions.
9/30/18

$152
Without E-lnvoicing and Stronger
Payment Process Controls,
EPA Is Placing $1.2 Billion at
Risk Annually
18-P-0231
8/16/18
OCFO
2. Develop and implement measurable controls in coordination
with the Office of the Chief Financial Officer for each office's role
in processing contract invoices and contract modifications to
address administrative and processing errors.
10/30/18
4/30/19
$95
OMS
5. Verify that contracting officers are performing oversight
responsibilities per the agreed-upon corrective actions from prior
OIG reports, and implement agencywide measurable controls to
address nonperformance of contractor officer invoice process
oversight responsibilities in accordance with Federal Acquisition
Regulation Subpart 1.6, EPA Acquisition Guide Subsection
32.9.1, and the EPA's Performance Appraisal and Recognition
System, as applicable.
12/31/18
4/30/19

40

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
Incomplete Oversight of State
Hazardous Waste Rule
Authorization Creates
Regulatory Gaps and Human
Health and Environmental Risks.
18-P-0227
OLEM
1. Work with EPA regions to identify and track rules for which
states have not sought authorization under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act Subtitle C hazardous waste
program and identify the reason authorization has not been
pursued by the state, and then prioritize rules for authorization
by the states.
3/31/19
5/6/19

7/31/18

2. Develop and implement a plan to collect the necessary data
on state authorizations to identify the cause of delays and make
informed decisions on how to improve the process.
3/31/19
5/6/19



3. Improve data quality for state authorizations under the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Subtitle C hazardous
waste program by implementing internal controls to verify the
accuracy and completeness of the data.
3/31/19
5/6/19



4. Develop and implement state authorization performance
measures for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Subtitle C hazardous waste program to track annual progress.
9/30/19


EPA Completed OIG
Recommendations for the
Presidential Green Chemistry
Challenge Awards Program but
Lacks Controls over Use of
Unverified Results
18-P-0222
7/20/18
OCSPP
1. Establish and document internal controls to prevent the use of
Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards results in
Pollution Prevention Program performance metrics.
12/31/18
4/15/19

Management Weaknesses
Delayed Response to Flint
Water Crisis
18-P-0221
OECA
and OW
1. Establish controls to annually verify that states are monitoring
compliance with all Lead and Copper Rule requirements,
including accurately identifying tier 1 sampling sites and
maintaining continuous corrosion control treatment.
9/30/19


7/21/18

6. Provide regular training for EPA drinking water staff,
managers and senior leaders on Safe Drinking Water Act tools
and authorities; state and agency roles and responsibilities; and
any Safe Drinking Water Act amendments or Lead and Copper
Rule revisions.
9/30/19




7. Implement a system to identify management risks in state
drinking water programs, including elements such as atypical
events, emerging public health concerns, environmental justice
concerns and public health analyses.
12/31/18




8. Create a system that tracks citizen complaints and gathers
information on emerging issues. The system should assess the
risk associated with the complaints, including efficient and
effective resolution.
9/30/19




9. Improve oversight by establishing a clear and credible
escalation policy for EPA intervention in states. The policy
should provide steps the EPA will take when states do not act.
9/30/19



OW
2. Revise the Lead and Copper Rule to improve the
effectiveness of monitoring and corrosion control treatment
protocols.
2/28/19


Management Alert - To Minimize
Risk of Environmental Harm, the
Security Categorization of
Electronic Manifest System Data
Needs to Be Re-Evaluated
18-P-0217
6/21/18
OLEM
2. In coordination with the EPA Office of Environmental
Information and the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, determine whether the Electronic Manifest system's
hazardous material information should be handled as Pollution
Prevention and Control Information or Inventory Control
Information with special considerations for hazardous materials,
and re-evaluate the security categorization accordingly.
3/31/19
5/1/19

41

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
Operational Efficiencies of EPA's
Human Resources Shared
Service Centers Not Measured
18-P-0207
5/31/18
OMS
1. Develop a plan that establishes a baseline to measure the
future program operational efficiency of human resources
operations.
2/28/19
7/31/19

2. Establish a workgroup comprising regional and program
representatives to develop a baseline level of human resources
support necessary for each program and regional office
6/30/19


3. Review human resources policies, prioritize the policies
requiring updates, and update the policies with stakeholder
input.
12/31/19


EPA Did Not Identify
Volkswagen Emissions
Cheating; Enhanced Controls
Now Provide Reasonable
Assurance of Fraud Detection
18-P-0181
5/29/18
OAR
1. Define performance measures to assess the performance of
the EPA's light-duty vehicle compliance program.
3/31/21


2. Conduct and document a formal risk assessment for the
EPA's light-duty vehicle compliance program that prioritizes risks
and links specific control activities to specific risks. Update the
risk assessment on a scheduled and periodic basis.
12/31/19


3. Develop internal procedures or guidance on how special
testing should be incorporated into certification, production and
in-use testing programs to formalize the role of special testing in
the EPA's light-duty vehicle compliance program.
6/30/19


7. Develop protocols for sharing information with the California
Air Resources Board to facilitate sharing of emissions testing
and other information for compliance assurance and
enforcement purposes.
9/30/19


EPA Can Better Manage State
Pesticide Cooperative
Agreements to More Effectively
Use Funds and Reduce Risk of
Pesticide Misuse
18-P-0079
2/13/18
OECA
1. Develop and implement additional Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act guidance to assist Project
Officers in evaluating whether funding is reasonable given
projected work plan tasks.
11/30/19


2. Conduct a national review of state work plans and
performance for Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
Act cooperative agreements to verify the consistent application
of agency guidance and achievement of agency goals and
requirements.
5/31/19


Self-Insurance for Companies
with Multiple Cleanup Liabilities
Presents Financial and
Environmental Risks for EPA
and the Public
18-P-0059
12/22/17
Note: Recommendations listed
here differ from the
recommendations published in
the final report and reflect
changes agreed upon by the
OIG and the agency.
OLEM
and
OECA
1. Conduct a study to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze
and evaluate the program effectiveness and resource
requirements to EPA of the corporate self-insurance
instruments, including the financial test and corporate
guarantee, in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
regulations and the Superfund Program for current settlements
and orders. Assess adequacy of self-insurance instruments for
companies with multiple environmental liabilities and the nature
and extent of any problems identified.
3/31/19
6/30/19

2. Once the study in Recommendation 1 is complete, use the
information to develop appropriate risk management actions to
mitigate any identified problems in line with agency practices for
enterprise risk management under Office of Management and
Budget Circular A-123, and determine whether additional
controls, such as the requirement for full disclosure of all self-
insured environmental liabilities over corporate self-insurance,
should be implemented and if corporate self-insurance should
continue as an option.
9/30/20


3. Update standard operating procedures and data systems to
accommodate the implemented risk management actions.
9/30/21


4. Train staff on the implemented risk management actions.
12/31/22
12/31/21

42

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)


5. Develop or update existing standard operating procedures to
outline the Office of Land and Emergency Management and
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance roles and
responsibilities for overseeing the validity of Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act and Superfund financial
assurance instruments, where needed.
6/30/20
3/31/19



6. Develop and include procedures for checking with other
regions for facilities/sites with multiple self-insured liabilities in
the standard operating procedures created for
Recommendation 5.
6/30/20
3/31/19



7. In the standard operating procedures created for
Recommendation 5, develop and include instructions on (1) the
steps to take when an invalid financial assurance instrument
(expired, insufficient in dollar amount, or not provided) is
identified and (2) how to collect information on the causes of
invalid financial assurance.
6/30/20
3/31/19



8. Train staff on the procedures and instructions developed for
Recommendations 5 through 7.
9/30/20
9/30/19



9a. Develop and distribute to EPA regions and states annual
reports that include the total dollar amount of Superfund financial
assurance required and provided.
Unprovided
12/31/19



9b. Work with EPA regions and states to identify and implement
appropriate metrics, including metrics to help identify, track and
correct, on a facility level, where there are monetary gaps in the
amount of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act financial
assurance required and provided. Develop and distribute to EPA
regions and states annual reports on these metrics.
12/31/20
12/31/19



10. Develop and distribute to EPA regions and states annual
reports that include progress on the reduction of financial
assurance that is expired, insufficient and/or not provided.
9/30/19
12/31/19



12. Train staff on how to use the new data field created for
Recommendation 11.
12/31/18
4/30/19

Analysis of Toxics Release
Inventory Data Identifies Few
Noncompliant Facilities
18-P-0001
10/5/17
OECA
2. After the implementation of mandatory electronic Discharge
Monitoring Reports, review the usefulness of the Discharge
Monitoring Report Comparison Dashboard for identifying
possible unpermitted surface water dischargers using Toxics
Release Inventory data, and modify as appropriate.
6/30/18
6/30/19

EPA Can Better Reduce Risks
from Illegal Pesticides by
OECA
1. Establish national compliance monitoring goals based on
assessment and consideration of available regional resources.
9/30/19


Effectively Identifying Imports for
Inspection and Sampling
17-P-0412
9/28/17

2. Implement internal controls to monitor and communicate
progress on regional goals.
9/30/19


Follow-Up Audit - EPA Needs to
Strengthen Internal Controls
Over Retention Incentives
17-P-0407
9/26/17
OMS
2. Issue new policy on retention incentives, including
requirements for quarterly monitoring and performance ratings.
12/31/18
5/31/19

Region 2 Needs to Improve Its
Internal Processes Over Puerto
Rico's Assistance Agreements
17-P-0402
9/25/17
Region 1
4. Determine whether the cooperative agreements under Grant
Numbers 99206921 and 99206922 have the proper support for
the fringe benefit costs requested for car allowances.
3/31/18
6/30/19

43

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA's Distribution of Superfund
Human Resources Does Not
Support Current Regional
Workload
17-P-0397
9/19/17
OLEM
1. In coordination with the Chief Financial Officer, develop and
implement actions to address past obstacles that have affected
the EPA's ability to make progress on the allocation of human
resources. Obstacles include management's unwillingness to
change its human resource allocation process and perceived
short-term disruptions that would result from such a change.
9/30/18
6/30/19



3. Implement a national prioritization of all sites including risk
and other factors in the prioritization and regularly distribute
regional full-time equivalents according to the national
prioritization.
9/30/18
6/30/19

EPA Needs to Manage Pesticide
Funds More Efficiently
17-P-0395
OCSPP
2. Develop and implement a plan to reduce excess Pesticides
Reregistration and Expedited Processing Fund and Pesticide
Registration Fund balances within the established target range.



9/18/17

CA-1: Assess progress in achieving 2019 spend-down
projections, as described in 11/13/17 memo from OCSPP to
OIG titled "Response to Final Report: EPA Needs to Manage
Pesticide Funds More Efficiently," Report No. 17-P-0395.
12/31/19




CA-2: Assess progress in achieving 2020 spend-down
projections, as described in 11/13/17 memo from OCSPP to
OIG titled "Response to Final Report: EPA Needs to Manage
Pesticide Funds More Efficiently," Report No. 17-P-0395.
12/31/20




CA-3: Assess progress in achieving 2021 spend-down
projections, as described in 11/13/17 memo from OCSPP to
OIG titled "Response to Final Report: EPA Needs to Manage
Pesticide Funds More Efficiently," Report No. 17-P-0395.
12/31/21


Management Alert: EPA Should
Promptly Reassess Community
Risk Screening Tool
17-P-0378
ORD
1. Review the Community-Focused Exposure and Risk
Screening Tool and develop an action plan with timeframes to
address issues identified, including considerations on whether to
retain the tool. If retained:
9/30/19
6/30/19

9/7/17

a.	Develop metrics for measuring the tool's performance and
establish a regular schedule for performance evaluations.
b.	Survey users to obtain feedback on tool utilization and any
needed improvements.





3. Review new and existing Office of Research and
Development research tools to determine the applicability of the
agency's information technology requirements.
9/30/19




4. Work with agency offices responsible for other geospatial
mapping tools to develop a decision support matrix for when to
use certain tools and for what purposes.
9/30/19


EPA's Voluntary WaterSense
Program Demonstrated Success
17-P-0352
8/1/17
OW
1. Share WaterSense program practices in program design,
implementation and reporting with the agency's Program
Management Improvement Officer.
9/30/18


EPA Needs to Institutionalize Its
"Lean" Program to Reap Cost
and Time Benefits
17-P-0346
OP
1. Implement a strategy for institutionalizing the Lean
Government Initiative within the agency by integrating the
application of Lean practices and business process
improvement approaches.
6/30/18


7/31/17

2. Develop policies that specify how to plan, design, oversee
and implement Lean practices within the agency.
6/30/18




3. Develop a process for monitoring, tracking and measuring
quantifiable results, including cost savings, for Lean projects.
1/31/18


44

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)


4. Develop a process for (a) vetting projects that have the
potential for standardized implementation across the agency and
(b) collaborating on projects to maximize the application of Lean,
as well as sharing experiences and lessons learned
agencywide.
6/30/18


5. Develop and implement a consistent and standardized Lean
training effort for the EPA's staff.
6/30/18


EPA Lacks Processes to
Validate Whether Contractors
Receive Specialized Role-Based
Training for Network and Data
Protection
17-P-0344
7/31/17
OMS
3. Work with the Assistant Administrator for Administration and
Resources Management to implement a process that requires
appropriate agency personnel to maintain a listing of contractor
personnel who have significant information security
responsibilities required to take role-based training.
12/31/18


EPA Should Assess Needs and
Implement Management
Controls to Ensure Effective
Incorporation of Chemical Safety
Research Products
17-P-0294
6/23/17
OCSPP
2. Develop and implement management controls that formalize
the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention's
processes for collaborating with the Office of Research and
Development to maintain current products and develop future
products.
5/31/18
3/31/19

EPA Can Strengthen Its
Oversight of Herbicide
Resistance with Better
Management Controls
17-P-0278
6/21/17
OCSPP
1. Consider requiring mechanisms of action be included on
relevant herbicide labels.
6/30/19


2. Determine whether synergistic effects data should be required
for the pesticide registration process and document the results
of that determination.
6/30/19


Improved Data and EPA
Oversight Are Needed to Assure
Compliance with the Standards
for Benzene Content in Gasoline
17-P-0249
6/8/17
OAR
3. Revise the benzene regulations to require that attest
engagements verify annual average benzene concentrations
and volumes with batch reports, to ensure that credits needed or
generated are correct.
9/30/20


5. Revise the annual benzene report so that facilities must report
the number of benzene deficits or credits at the end of the
current reporting year.
9/30/20


9. Revise the annual benzene report so that facilities must report
the number of benzene deficits or credits at the end of the
current reporting year.
9/30/20


EPA Needs to Provide
Leadership and Better Guidance
to Improve Fish Advisory Risk
Communications
17-P-0174
4/12/17
OW
1. Provide updated guidance to states and tribes on clear and
effective risk communication methods for fish advisories,
especially for high-risk groups. This guidance could recommend
posting fish advisory information at locations where fish are
caught and using up-to-date communication methods that
include social media, webinars, emails, newsletters, etc.
3/31/20


2. Working with states and tribes, develop and disseminate best
practices they can use to evaluate the effectiveness of fish
advisories in providing risk information to subpopulations, such
as subsistence fishers, tribes and other high fish-consuming
groups.
3/30/20


3. Develop and implement methods to ensure that tribal
members receive current fish advisory information.
9/30/18


45

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA's Fiscal Years 2016 and
2015 Consolidated Financial
Statements
OMS
1. Prepare a comprehensive quarterly reconciliation of
Superfund special accounts general ledger balances to the
special accounts database detail.
12/31/16
4/30/19

17-F-0046
11/15/16

2. Work with the Compass Financials service provider to
establish controls for creating and locking administrative
accounts.
9/30/21



OMS
3. Work with the Compass Financials service provider to develop
and implement a methodology to monitor accounts with
administrative capabilities.
9/30/21


Religious Compensatory Time Is
Subject to Abuse
16-P-0333
9/27/16
OCFO
4. Modify the EPA's payroll and time and attendance system to
include the enhanced internal controls, preventing employees
from accumulating Religious Compensatory Time hours
inconsistent with revised policies and procedures.
9/30/18
11/30/18

EPA Needs a Risk-Based
Strategy to Assure Continued
Effectiveness of Hospital-Level
Disinfectants
OCSPP
2. Develop a risk-based antimicrobial testing strategy to assure
the effectiveness of public health pesticides used in hospital
settings once products are in the marketplace. At a minimum,
the strategy should:
11/30/18
7/31/19

16-P-0316
9/19/16

a.	Include a framework for periodic testing to assure products
continue to be effective after registration.
b.	Define a program scope that is flexible and responsive to
current and relevant public health risks.
c.	Identify risk factors for selecting products to test.
d.	Identify the method to be used for obtaining samples for
testing.
e.	Designate a date to commence risk-based post-
registration testing.



EPA Has Not Met Certain
Statutory Requirements to
Identify Environmental Impacts
OAR
2. Complete the anti-backsliding study on the air quality impacts
of the Renewable Fuel Standard as required by the Energy
Independence and Security Act.
9/30/24


of Renewable Fuel Standard
16-P-0275
8/18/16

3. Determine whether additional action is needed to mitigate any
adverse air quality impacts of the Renewable Fuel Standard as
required by the Energy Independence and Security Act.
9/30/24


Hawaii Department of Health
Needs to Reduce Open Grants
and Unspent Funds
16-P-0218
6/28/16
Region 9
1. Re-evaluate the status of the fundable projects and the
Hawaii Department of Health's progress on implementing the
corrective action plan items prior to awarding the FY 2016
allotment of $8,312,000 and any future award. The re-evaluation
should continue until the Hawaii Department of Health meets the
agency's funding utilization target.
7/31/17
8/30/19
$8,312
Audit of EPA's Fiscal Years 2015
and 2014 Consolidated Financial
Statements
OCFO
26. Implement an internal control process for transferring the
management of an applications user access to the Application
Management Staff.
12/31/17
12/31/18

16-F-0040
11/16/15

27. Conduct an inventory of OCFO systems managed by the
Application Management Staff and create or update supporting
access management documentation for each application.
12/31/17
12/31/18



36. Complete the corrective actions previously identified in
Table 4.
9/30/16
5/31/18



38. Follow the terms in the legal source documents when
recording interest by ensuring interest is recorded in the system
when a receivable becomes past due, either through Compass
automatic calculations or manual interest calculations prepared
by the Cincinnati Finance Center.
9/30/16
5/31/18

46

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA Needs to Improve the
Recognition and Administration
of Cloud Services for the Office
of Water's Permit Management
Oversight System
15-P-0295
9/24/15
OW
4. Develop and implement an approved system authorization
package (i.e., a risk assessment, System Security Plan and
Authorization to Operate) and perform annual security
assessments for the Permit Management Oversight System
application.
5/31/16


Incomplete Contractor Systems
Inventory and a Lack of
Oversight Limit EPA's Ability to
Facilitate IT Governance
15-P-0290
9/21/15
OMS
5. Implement the recommendation of the EPA's Information
Security Task Force to manage the vulnerability management
program.
9/30/18


EPA's Oversight of State
Pesticide Inspections Needs
Improvement to Better Ensure
Safeguards for Workers, Public
and Environment Are Enforced
15-P-0156
5/15/15
OECA
2. Ensure that required Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act project officer training is conducted periodically
and the above guidance is included in the training.
12/30/18
6/28/19

CA-3: Convert 3-day training content to E-learning module to
post online and make available to Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act project officers.



Conditions in the U.S.
Virgin Islands Warrant EPA
Withdrawing Approval and
Taking Over Management of
Some Environmental Programs
and Improving Oversight of
Others
15-P-0137
4/17/15
Region 2
13. To improve oversight of the Underground Storage Tank/
Leaking Underground Storage Tank program, establish an
updated Underground Storage Tank/Leaking Underground
Storage Tank Memorandum of Agreement with the U.S. Virgin
Islands that reflects changes and new provisions results from
the Energy Policy Act of 2005. The memorandum of agreement
should also outline roles, responsibilities and expectations.
9/30/18
6/30/19

18. Develop a plan to address currently uncompleted tasks and
activities, and develop a schedule for reprogramming grant
funds to accomplish these tasks if the U.S. Virgin Islands does
not or cannot complete them. Upon completion of the financial
management corrective actions, follow the Office of the Chief
Financial Officer's Resource Management Directive System
2520-03 to determine whether any of the current unspent funds
of approximately $37 million under the U.S. Virgin Islands'
assistance agreements could be put to better use.
9/30/18
9/30/19
$37,000
Internal Controls Needed to
Control Costs of Emergency and
Rapid Response Services
Contracts, as Exemplified in
Region 6
14-P-0109
2/4/14
Region 6
3. Direct Contracting Officers to require that the contractor adjust
all its billings to reflect the application of the correct rate to team
subcontract Other Direct Costs.
9/30/24


47

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
Air Quality Objectives for the
Baton Rouge Ozone
Nonattainment Area Not Met
Under EPA Agreement
2A-96694301 Awarded to the
Railroad Research Foundation
13-R-0297
6/20/13
Region 6
1. Recover federal funds of $2,904,578 unless the foundation
provides a verifiable and enforceable remedy to reduce diesel
emissions in the Baton Rouge ozone nonattainment area, as
required by the cooperative agreement.
CA2: Two of the five rebuilt locomotives will continue to
operate in the Baton Rouge nonattainment area.
CA3: The remaining three rebuilt locomotives will continue to
operate in Baton Rouge and New Orleans until economic
conditions in Baton Rouge necessitate moving as many
locomotives as possible back to the Baton Rouge non-
attainment area.
CA5: Railroad Research Foundation will provide locomotive
location data to the EPA on a quarterly basis showing where
the five locomotives were operated.
CA6: As a penalty for noncompliance, the Railroad Research
Foundation will remit to the EPA $4,841 for each locomotive
for each month any of the five locomotives are operated
outside of the restricted area for more than 10-plus
consecutive days outside the Baton Rouge non-attainment
area and the exception area (for other than maintenance).
CA7: Each of the five locomotives will operate in the Baton
Rouge area or the exception area for 10 years after the date
each engine was placed back into service.
9/30/20

$2,905
Improvements Needed in EPA
Training and Oversight for Risk
Management Program
Inspections
13-P-0178
3/21/13
OLEM
7. Coordinate with the Assistant Administrator for Enforcement
and Compliance Assurance to revise inspection guidance to
recommend minimum inspection scope for the various types of
facilities covered under the program and provide detailed
examples of minimum reporting.
2/28/19
6/30/22

8. Coordinate with the Assistant Administrator for Enforcement
and Compliance Assurance to develop and implement an
inspection monitoring and oversight program to better manage
and assess the quality of program inspections, reports,
supervisory oversight and compliance with inspection guidance.
2/28/20
2/30/23

Controls Over State
Underground Storage Tank
Inspection Programs in EPA
Regions Generally Effective
12-P-0289
2/15/12
OLEM
1. Require the EPA and states to enter into memorandums of
agreement that reflect program changes from the 2005 Energy
Policy Act and address oversight of municipalities conducting
inspections.
10/13/18
4/12/19

48

-------
Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential
monetary benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
EPA Needs to Further Improve
How It Manages Its Oil Pollution
Prevention Program
12-P-0253
2/6/12
OLEM
1. Improve oversight of facilities regulated by the EPA's oil
pollution prevention program by:
d. Producing a biennial public assessment of the quality and
consistency of Spill Prevention, Control, Countermeasure
Plans and Facility Response Plans based on inspected
facilities.
CA1 -2: A summary of findings will be developed by October
2013.	These findings will help to identify areas where
additional guidance and outreach are needed to improve the
quality and consistency of Spill Prevention, Control,
Countermeasure Plans.
CA1-3: The model developed for the Spill Prevention,
Control, Countermeasure program will then be used to
develop a review protocol for Facility Response Plan by
September 2013 to examine Facility Response Plan
inspections conducted during the FY 2013 inspection cycle.
CA1 -4: A summary of findings will be developed by October
2014.	These findings will help to identify areas where
additional guidance and external outreach are needed to
improve the quality and consistency of Facility Response
Plans.
6/30/20


EPA Should Update Its Fees
Rule to Recover More Motor
Vehicle and Engine Compliance
Program Costs
11-P-0701
9/23/11
OAR
1. Update the 2004 fees rule to increase the amount of Motor
Vehicle and Engine Compliance Program costs it can recover.
12/31/18
6/31/19
$13,000
EPA Should Revise Outdated or
Inconsistent EPA-State Clean
Water Memoranda of Agreement
10-P-0224
9/14/10
OECA
2-2. Develop a systematic approach to identify which states
have outdated or inconsistent Memorandums of agreements;
renegotiate and update those Memorandums of Agreements
using the Memorandum of Agreements template; and secure the
active involvement and final, documented concurrence of
headquarters to ensure national consistency.
9/28/18
9/30/20

Audit of EPA's Fiscal 2009 and
2008 (Restated) Consolidated
Financial Statements
10-1-0029
11/16/09
OCFO
27. Ensure that all new financial management systems
(including the Integrated Financial Management System
replacement system) and those undergoing upgrades include a
system requirement that the fielded system include an
automated control to enforce separation of duties.
CA27.9: The Office of Technology Solutions will modify
Compass user profiles to create specific security roles to
allow Compass Security Officers to better manage user
access.
CA27.10: The Office of Technology Solutions will enhance
the Access Request Form application to add additional
controls and automatic logic to check for approved waivers
on file to prevent users from submitting security options that
violate the separation of duties policy.
12/31/18


Making Better Use of
Stringfellow Superfund Special
Accounts
08-P-0196
7/9/08
Region 9
2. Reclassify or transfer to the Trust Fund, as appropriate,
$27.8 million (plus any earned interest less oversight costs) of
the Stringfellow special accounts in annual reviews, and at other
milestones including the end of Fiscal Year 2010, when the
record of decision is signed and the final settlement is achieved.
12/31/12
9/21/23
$27,800
Total
$89,264
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Semiannual Report to Congress	October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
CSB Reports with Unimplemented Recommendations
Report title, number
and date
Office
Unimplemented recommendation
Planned
completion
date
Revised
completion
date
Potential monetary
benefits
recommended
(in $000s)
CSB Needs to Continue to
Improve Agency Governance
and Operations
16-P-0179
5/23/16
CSB
6. Include the General Services Administration in any future
office leasing plans and revisit office needs for a potential
adjustment or supplement to the Washington, D.C., and
Denver office leases to reduce space within the General
Services Administration benchmarks.
D.C.
10/20/22
Denver
11/30/19

$402
Total
$402
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendix 4—Closed Investigations Not Publicly Disclosed
For Reporting Period Ended March 31,2019
Details on each investigation conducted by the OIG involving both senior and non-senior employees closed
during the semiannual reporting period ending March 31, 2019, are provided below. We also include a separate
listing of investigations conducted by the OIG and closed during the semiannual reporting period involving
non-employees such as grant recipients, contractors and former EPA employees.
Investigations Involving Senior Employees Not Previously Publicly Disclosed
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-ADM-0116
An EPA SES-level Director allegedly forced subordinate employees to pay for monthly office birthday parties,
awards ceremonies and other social functions using their personal funds. The allegation was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-ADM-0143
An EPA SES-level Director allegedly promoted a subordinate employee based on their improper relationship,
attended a gathering where contractors paid for the SES employee's meal, and inappropriately accepted gifts
from EPA employees and contractors. The allegations were not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2016-ADM-0111
An EPA SES-level Director allegedly claimed travel reimbursement from the EPA for travel costs associated
with an activity not related to the employee's position. The Director also allegedly did not take annual leave for
the time. The allegations were supported, and the employee was ordered to repay $1,060 to the EPA for the
travel charges and charge annual leave for the days not worked. The case was referred to and declined for
prosecution by the U.S. Department of Justice on January 11, 2017.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-ADM-0114
An EPA OIG GS-15 Special Agent supervisor was arrested for allegedly driving under the influence. The
employee self-disclosed the incident to management, but allegations arose regarding the abuse of the
employee's EPA OIG position during the arrest and the provision of misleading information to management
about the incident. The allegations were supported. The employee was demoted to the GS-13 level and
suspended without pay for 45 calendar days. Because this was an administrative case, it was not referred to the
U.S. Department of Justice.
CASE NUMBER: QI-AR-2015-ADM-0019
An EPA GS-15 Special Agent supervisor allegedly had an inappropriate personal relationship with a subordinate
employee and made misleading and incomplete statements to investigators. The allegations were supported,
and the employee was removed from federal service. The case was referred to the U.S. Department of Justice
on February 12, 2016, and was declined for prosecution on February 15, 2016.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-ADM-0012
An EPA GS-15 supervisor allegedly had an inappropriate personal relationship with a subordinate and helped
the subordinate obtain a detail assignment outside the EPA. The investigation determined that the supervisor
never supervised the employee. The investigation was inconclusive. The OIG's Office of Investigations referred
the matter involving the detail to the OIG's Office of Audit and Evaluation to review.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-ADM-0024
An EPA GS-15 supervisor allegedly forged a subordinate's initials and date on a performance review.
Investigators conducted interviews of witnesses and the subject. The investigation was inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2014-ADM-0108
An EPA GS-15 employee and an EPA GS-13 employee allegedly engaged in time-and-attendance fraud. The
investigation was inconclusive.
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CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2018-THT-0084
An EPA GS-15 employee allegedly threatened and intimidated a subordinate employee. The allegation was not
supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-CFD-0016
An EPA GS-15 employee allegedly inappropriately approved EPA contract invoice payments. The OIG's Office
of Investigations referred the matter to the OIG's Office of Audit and Evaluation to review.
Investigations Involving Non Senior Employees Not Previously Publicly Disclosed
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2013-ADM-0113
An EPA GS-14 employee allegedly retaliated against and slandered a contract employee for perceived
interaction with the OIG. The investigation was inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-THT-0140
An EPA employee received a threatening letter via U.S. mail at the employee's residence. The investigation
revealed that the sender was an EPA GS-14 employee. The GS-14 employee was ordered to complete four
training courses and was suspended without pay for 90 calendar days.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2016-ADM-0091
An EPA GS-14 employee filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy and allegedly made numerous false statements and
omissions under oath during the bankruptcy proceedings. The allegations were supported. The employee was
suspended without pay for 3 work days.
CASE NUMBER: QI-AR-2016-CAC-0035
An EPA GS-13 Special Agent allegedly made misleading and incomplete statements to investigators. The
allegation was supported, and the employee was removed from federal service.
CASE NUMBER: QI-PH-2016-ADM-0109
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly operated a private business while using an EPA email address during official
work time. The allegations were supported. The employee retired from federal service while under investigation.
CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2017-ADM-0074
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly showed objectionable images of women to co-workers on a government
computer and personal tablet. The allegation was supported. The employee was suspended without pay for
14 calendar days.
CASE NUMBER: QI-DE-2017-ADM-0138
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly used EPA-issued equipment to operate a personal business during official
work time. Interviews of EPA employees and reviews of EPA and public business records were conducted. The
investigation supported the allegation that the employee conducted personal business with other EPA
employees using Skype for Business during regular work hours. The employee received a letter of reprimand.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SA-2018-ADM-0057
An EPA GS-13 employee and an individual allegedly conspired to bypass building security measures. The
allegation was supported. The employee admitted to assisting the individual to bypass the building security.
Video of the incident and statements from security personnel were collected. The employee was verbally
counseled on following proper security measures. The matter was referred to the Federal Protective Service,
which declined any further action against the employee or the individual.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-ADM-0144
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly forged a nurse's signature on documents provided to the EPA to justify the
employee's continuous absences from work. The investigation revealed that on two separate occasions the
employee used the letterhead of another federal department and forged the signature of a nurse employed at
that department. During the investigation, the EPA removed the employee from federal service.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2016-ADM-0051
An EPA GS-13 employee was allegedly misusing transit subsidy benefits. After conducting interviews and
reviewing transit subsidy records, the allegation was supported. The employee was removed from federal
service.
CASE NUMBER: OI-BQ-2015-ADM-0058
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly received, viewed and disseminated inappropriate materials, including adult
pornography, to other EPA employees and individuals outside of the agency via an EPA email account. The
investigation supported the allegations. EPA management suspended the employee for 14 days without pay, the
employee challenged the suspension and the matter was settled through arbitration.
CASE NUMBER: OI-HQ-2014-ADM-00Q4
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly misused government equipment for personal benefit. The allegation was
supported. The employee retired after receiving a written decision of removal.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2017-ADM-0135
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly engaged in time-and-attendance fraud. The allegation was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2018-ADM-0098
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly engaged in time-and-attendance fraud. The allegation was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2017-ADM-0136
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly operated a private business while in telework status. The allegation was not
supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-PH-2016-ADM-0093
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly operated a private business during official worktime. The allegation was not
supported.
CASE NUMBER: OI-CH-2019-ADM-00Q3
An EPA GS-13 employee who accepted a promotion to a GS-14 position in another city allegedly failed to
relocate but still accepted the higher locality pay for the new city for approximately 6 months. When it was
discovered that the employee never relocated, as directed several times, EPA management gave the employee
the option to either relocate immediately to the new city or stay in the current city and return to the prior GS-13
position. During the course of the investigation, the employee accepted the demotion, stayed in the current
office, and reimbursed the EPA for the 6 months of locality pay. The investigation, which concluded after the
EPA took action, supported the allegation.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2019-THT-0027
An EPA GS-13 employee allegedly verbally threatened two other EPA employees. Prior to the completion of the
investigation, the EPA conducted interviews of the individuals involved, issued a written warning to the GS-13
employee and directed the employee to attend an EPA training course.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-THT-0032
An EPA GS-13 employee posted potentially threatening comments about co-workers on multiple social media
platforms. It was determined that the messages were not credible threats. The employee retired during the
investigation.
CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2018-ADM-0073
An EPA GS-12 employee was alleged to have fraudulently used the EPA leave bank. The allegation was not
supported.
CASE NUMBERS: QI-DE-2018-ADM-0063 and QI-DE-2019-ADM-0016
An EPA GS-12 employee allegedly conducted personal business during official work time. The employee also
allegedly maintained pornographic images on an EPA computer. The investigations supported the allegations,
and the employee resigned.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
CASE NUMBER: OI-CH-2018-THT-00Q9
An EPA GS-11 employee allegedly made threatening statements while on EPA property. Interviews of EPA
employees and two EPA contractors were conducted. The allegations were supported. The GS-11 employee
was placed on administrative leave during the investigation. The employee retired after receiving a notice of
proposed removal.
CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2017-CAC-0124
An EPA GS-9 probationary employee allegedly committed laboratory fraud through the falsification of laboratory
tests. The allegation was supported, and the employee was terminated.
CASE NUMBER: OI-CH-2018-THT-001Q
An EPA GS-7 employee allegedly made a threatening statement in the workplace. The allegation was
supported. Pending further agency inquiry into related allegations of harassment against the employee, the
employee resigned.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-ADM-0088
An unknown EPA employee allegedly forged a supervisor's signature on a Hiring Freeze Waiver Request Form.
The allegation was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2015-ADM-0081
It was alleged that several EPA employees engaged in time-and-attendance fraud. The investigation was
inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-ADM-0072
There was allegedly widespread downloading of encrypted communication applications onto EPA-issued mobile
devices by EPA employees, which violates the EPA's Software Management and Piracy Policy. It was also
alleged that EPA employees used these applications to leak damaging information regarding top EPA officials
and to conduct official business but failed to maintain government records within the applications in violation of
the Federal Records Act. The investigation determined that 58 employees had downloaded unauthorized
encrypted communications applications onto their EPA-issued mobile devices, but the allegation that employees
were leaking sensitive information or conducting official business on these applications was not supported.
During interviews with the OIG, 50 employees said that the EPA's policy on applications is unclear. The
investigation found no intentional misconduct on the part of any of the employees.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-ADM-0105
Unknown EPA employees allegedly downloaded and used unauthorized encryption applications on their EPA
mobile devices in violation of the EPA's Software Management and Piracy Policy and failed to comply with the
Federal Records Act by not maintaining official EPA records. The investigation found no evidence to support the
allegation that EPA employees used the applications on their EPA-issued mobile devices to purposely
circumvent the applicable federal record retention rules.
Investigations Involving Non Employees Not Previously Publicly Disclosed
CASE NUMBER: OI-AT-2019-ADM-00Q6
An EPA manager was unable to locate a former employee, who was recently fired in absentia. The employee was
believed to be in possession of EPA property. The employee was located, and all missing items were recovered.
CASE NUMBER: QI-RTP-2017-CAC-0067
The OIG investigated a company's alleged unauthorized use of an EPA pamphlet, which it altered and
distributed to promote the sale of its home water filtration products and to represent itself as an EPA contractor.
A company sent a mailer titled "Urgent Critical Community Water Test" to North Carolina residents. The mailer
provided instructions on how residents could receive a free water test and requested that a water sample be
returned in the preaddressed, postage-paid envelope. Each mailer included an altered EPA pamphlet on
drinking water health advisories. Residents reported that after mailing their water samples in, they received calls
offering free in-home water "demonstrations." Additionally, a company salesperson identified himself as an EPA
contractor when arriving at houses to conduct the demonstration. The salesperson then allegedly tested the
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October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
water in the houses and offered to sell the residents whole-house water filtration systems. The OIG conducted
interviews with two salespeople. One salesperson admitted to altering the EPA pamphlet, and the other
admitted to representing himself as associated with the EPA. The allegations were supported. While the
salespeople admitted to mailing thousands of copies of the altered EPA pamphlet, the investigation was unable
to identify actual victims who purchased the company's products.
CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2018-ADM-0119
A company applied for government grants and contracts using the Small Business Administration's System for
Award Management. The company allegedly did not qualify for awards due to a federal criminal investigation,
wherein the company was investigated for defrauding a public school through a grant to provide information
technology equipment and software. The allegations were not supported. The investigation disclosed that the
company was not involved in the scheme to defraud the government and was eligible to receive awards through
the Small Business Administration's System for Awards Management.
CASE NUMBER: QI-DA-2018-THT-0103
An individual made a potentially threatening post toward the then EPA Administrator on Twitter. It was
determined that the post was not a credible threat.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-THT-0121
An individual made a potentially threatening post toward the acting EPA Administrator on Twitter. It was
determined that the post was not a credible threat.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2017-CAC-0078
An individual made a threatening post toward the then EPA Administrator on Twitter. The investigation revealed
that the same individual had posted another threat against the then Administrator 2 weeks earlier. It was
determined that the individual resided in another country. A border crossing "look-out" was issued, and the case
was closed.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-THT-0033
An individual sent a potentially threatening email to the then EPA Administrator. It was determined that the
communication was not a credible threat.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-THT-0075
An individual left a threatening voice message directed to the then EPA Administrator on the personal cell phone
of the Administrator's wife. The caller was identified and admitted to leaving the message. The caller stated that
there was no intention to harm the Administrator. The case was closed.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2018-ADM-0047
It was alleged that air filters within the EPA headquarters complex were not changed in accordance with
contractual specifications. The OIG's Office of Investigations referred the matter to the OIG's Office of Audit and
Evaluation to review.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SA-2018-THT-0110
An individual sent potentially threatening emails to the then EPA Administrator. The individual admitted to
sending the emails, and a bar notice was issued in the EPA region where the individual resides.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SA-2015-CAC-0125
A tribal member was alleged to have billed government grants for more hours than worked. The investigation
found that the tribal member had billed, on many occasions, more than 24 hours of work in a single day. The
EPA declined to take action against the tribal member.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SA-2017-CFR-0056
A tribal member was alleged to have been involved in improper bookkeeping and possible misuse of EPA grant
funds. The allegations were not supported.
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CASE NUMBER: QI-SA-2016-CAC-0069
A tribal employee was arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for embezzlement of tribal funds. An
investigation was initiated to determine whether any EPA grant funds were embezzled. It was determined that
no EPA grant funds were embezzled.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SE-2013-CFR-0058
An EPA grantee allegedly did not install emission control technologies, such as diesel oxidation catalysts, on
pre-2007 trucks as required by the EPA grant. The allegation was supported. The EPA had awarded the grantee
a $9 million American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant to assist long-haul truck drivers with the purchase
and retrofitting of pre-2007 trucks with emission control technologies. The grantee admitted that some of the
diesel trucks reported to the EPA as having a diesel oxidation catalyst installed actually had not been retrofitted
with any type of emission control technology. The EPA negotiated a settlement of $341,103 with the former
grantee.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SE-2012-CAC-0084
It was alleged that a tribal member responsible for administering EPA funds misappropriated grant funds for
unauthorized use. The investigation supported the allegation and determined that approximately $75,000 of
EPA funds were misused for personal and other purposes. The tribal member was debarred from participating in
federal procurement and nonprocurement programs for 3 years.
CASE NUMBER: QI-SE-2013-CFR-0112
It was alleged that an individual running a water testing facility submitted false or inaccurate lab results to a state
agency. The results subsequently were provided to state programs receiving EPA grants. The investigation
supported the allegation; however, due to technicalities in current state law, no applicable law was violated.
CASE NUMBER: OI-HQ-2017-CFR-007Q
An EPA information technology contracting company was missing numerous EPA laptop computers from its
inventory. This case was closed because it was associated with another ongoing investigation.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2013-CFR-0022
An EPA environmental and infrastructure support contracting company was alleged to have been marking up its
rates without the knowledge and approval of the EPA. The investigation was inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2016-CFR-0071
It was alleged that two entities conspired to obtain an EPA grant for which one of the entities was ineligible. The
allegation was supported. The two entities and an employee from each entity entered into administrative
agreements with the EPA's Office of Grants and Debarment.
CASE NUMBER: OI-AT-2019-ADM-00Q7
A city government was allegedly concealing illegal dumping at a site receiving EPA Brownfields grant funds. The
investigation determined that no EPA funds were used at this site. The allegation of public corruption was not
supported.
CASE NUMBER: OI-RTP-2019-PFD-004Q
An individual allegedly posted a sign bearing the EPA logo that implied the location—which was the individual's
personal property—was a designated EPA water testing site. The investigation confirmed that the EPA had not
taken samples or conducted tests in that area or authorized the individual to use the EPA logo. The EPA issued
a cease-and-desist letter to the individual. The individual agreed to remove the EPA name and logo from the
sign.
CASE NUMBER: QI-HQ-2019-ADM-0024
An individual alleged that an unidentified person may have impersonated the acting EPA Administrator.
Investigators could not reach the complainant to obtain further information. Without definitive evidence of the
unknown individual's alleged impersonation of the acting Administrator, the case was closed.
CASE NUMBER: QI-AR-2013-CFR-0048
It was alleged that an EPA contractor provided a federal employee from another federal agency with fraudulent
invoices to "structure" payments to circumvent federal regulations for purchase card transactions. The
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
investigation determined that no EPA funds were involved. The investigation was referred to the other federal
agency's OIG.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2018-AFD-0129
A local government employee of the U.S. Virgin Islands, whose position was said to be funded by the EPA, was
alleged to have coerced individuals—by using the employee's official position—to use the employee's personal
business. The investigation determined that the employee's position was not funded by the EPA. The
investigation was referred to the OIGs of one federal and one local agency.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2012-CFR-0047
It was alleged that a state entity may have misrepresented the facts or did not fully disclose the purpose of a
project to obtain American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding. The investigation was inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-NE-2012-CFR-0061
It was alleged that a contractor working on a project funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment
Act submitted a false claim to a state entity. The investigation was inconclusive.
CASE NUMBER: QI-AR-2014-CFR-0017
The EPA allegedly inappropriately obtained contracts for access control systems for its facilities. The allegation
was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-AR-2016-CAC-0019
EPA grant funds were allegedly misused on the construction of a wastewater treatment facility. After conducting
interviews and reviewing EPA and state funding, it was determined that the allegation was not supported.
CASE NUMBER: QI-CH-2012-CAC-0169
It was alleged that a company working on a project funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
may have knowingly provided false certifications that a specific product was manufactured in the United States.
The investigation was inconclusive. Investigators were unable to identify other projects that used the same type
of product to determine whether there was a systemic issue.
CASE NUMBER: OI-AR-2017-CFR-00Q1
It was alleged that a contract employee accessed pornographic and other nonwork-related websites while
working on an EPA contract. The allegation was supported. The contract employee was terminated, and the
contracting company issued a credit to the EPA for the contractor's misused time.
CASE NUMBER: OI-SA-2019-QTH-0004
An EPA personal identity verification card and laptop containing confidential personally identifiable information
allegedly were stolen from an EPA employee's vehicle. Investigators were unable to locate the property or
develop additional leads. The case was closed.
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October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendix 5—Peer Reviews Conducted
Audit
The U.S. Department of Defense OIG completed an external peer review of the EPA OIG audit
organization covering the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, and issued its report on June 18, 2018.
The review was conducted in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards and
the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency's Guide for Conducting Peer Reviews
of the Audit Organizations of Federal Offices of Inspector General. The peer review report stated that
the system of quality control for the EPA OIG audit organization in effect for the year ended
September 30, 2017, was suitably designed and complied with to provide the EPA OIG with reasonable
assurance that audits are performed and reported in conformity with applicable professional standards in
all material respects. The EPA OIG received an external peer review rating of pass.
Investigations
The U.S. General Services Administration OIG completed the most recently mandated Council of the
Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency quality assurance review of the EPA OIG Office of
Investigations and issued its report on June 11, 2018. The U.S. General Services Administration OIG
identified no deficiencies and found internal safeguards and management procedures compliant with
quality standards.
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Semiannual Report to Congress
October 1, 2018—March 31, 2019
Appendix 6—OIG Mailing Addresses and Telephone Numbers
Headquarters
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW (2410T)
Washington, DC 20460
(202) 566-0847
Atlanta
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
61 Forsyth Street, SW
Atlanta, GA 30303
Audit: (404) 562-9830
Investigations: (404) 562-9857
Boston
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
5 Post Office Square
Mail Code: 15-1
Boston, MA 02109-3912
Audit: (617) 918-1475
Investigations: (617) 918-1466
Chicago
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
77 West Jackson Boulevard
13th Floor (IA-13J)
Chicago, IL 60604
Audit: (312) 353-2486
Investigations: (312) 886-7167
Cincinnati
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268-7001
Audit: (513) 487-2363
Investigations: (312) 886-7167
Offices
Dallas
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General (60IG)
1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 1200
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
Audit: (214) 665-6621
Investigations: (214) 665-2249
Denver
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
1595 Wynkoop Street, 4th Floor
Denver, CO 80202
Audit: (303) 312-6969
Investigations: (303) 312-6868
Kansas City
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
11201 Renner Boulevard
Lenexa, KS 66219
Audit: (913) 551-7878
Investigations: (312) 886-7167
New York
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
290 Broadway, Suite 1520
New York, NY 10007
Audit: (212) 637-3049
Investigations: (212) 637-3033
Philadelphia
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
1650 Arch Street, 3rd Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
Audit: (215) 814-2326
Investigations: (215) 814-2359
Research Triangle Park
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
Mail Drop N283-01
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Audit: (919) 541-1030
Investigations: (919) 541-0517
San Francisco
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
75 Hawthorne Street (IGA-1-2)
8th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94105
Audit: (415) 947-4527
Investigations: (415) 947-4507
Seattle
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General
Mail Code 17-H13
1200 Sixth Avenue, Suite 155
Seattle, WA 98101-3140
Audit: (206) 553-6906
Investigations: (206) 553-1273
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