State and Tribal Response	<>EPA
¦	United States
Program H ighIights	^~talp e on
EPA Funding Provided to States and Tribes to Address Contaminated Land in their Communities
The courtyard at the new Corsair apartment complex.
REGION I
CONNECTICUT -A3.2-acre former industrial/commercial property
in downtown New Haven was redeveloped into an apartment
complex. Historically, a gasoline station, automobile repair
shops, World War II airplane parts manufacturer, an electronic
parts manufacturer, a dye works, an iron works, a restaurant,
and residential dwellings were located there. The Connecticut
Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) used
Section 128(a) Response Program funding to provide oversight
and review of investigation and cleanup activities at the property.
Environmental assessments revealed that soil was mixed with
significant quantities of coal ash and polluted with polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), arsenic, cadmium, lead, chlorinated
solvents, and petroleum hydrocarbons. Widespread chlorinated
solvent pollution in the soil and ash presented significant soil vapor
issues that were addressed in the remedial action plan to support
the site's proposed development. DEEP approved two engineered
controls to render the soils inaccessible to direct human contact
and minimize migration of liquids through soils. In addition, the
site has a six-part sub-slab depressurization system removing
chlorinated solvent vapors from beneath the buildings. The property
was redeveloped into the Corsair luxury apartment complex, named
after a World War II era fighter plane. Propellers from this airplane
were manufactured at the property. The project was completed in
2018 and includes 235 apartments. Adjacent land uses are a mix
of residential, commercial and recreational, including city-owned
sports fields and a skating rink.
REGION 2
NEW YORK - The City of Glen Cove had a vision for revitalizing
a 214-acre area of environmentally challenged and underutilized
properties into a regional tourist destination. The revitalization
area straddles Glen Cove Creek, a 1.1-mile federal navigation
channel that empties into Hempstead Harbor. Portions of the area
were contaminated with mercury and other contaminants, while
other portions of the property were contaminated primarily with
total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs). The New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) used Section 128(a)
Response Program funding to provide oversight for the assessment
and cleanup of the contaminated areas. The city also used an
EPA Brownfields Assessment cooperative agreement, Cleanup
cooperative agreement, and a Revolving Loan Fund (RLF)
cooperative agreement from Nassau County to conduct the work.
Phase one has been initiated and the redevelopment area will
include waterfront restaurants, boutiques, new maritime attractions,
a hotel conference center, and a pedestrian promenade along the
water's edge with ties to downtown Glen Cove.
REGION 3
PENNSYLVANIA - A 13-acre waterfront brownfield property in
the Borough of Catasauqua is being redeveloped into a mixed-
use municipal and public complex with assistance from the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection's (DEP)
Section 128(a) Response Program funding. The Crane Iron Co.,
one of many ironmaking companies established in the region during
the heart of the Industrial Revolution, operated at the property
from 1839 to 1921, turning out 450 tons of iron daily. The property
changed hands several times over the subsequent decades and
stood vacant since 2004. Due to the property's past industrial
activity, its soils were contaminated with heavy metals and organic
compounds. The Pennsylvania DEP provided technical assistance
to facilitate remediation and worked with the Lehigh Valley
Economic Development Corporation, the Borough of Catasauqua,
and other municipal stakeholders to initiate redevelopment
planning. Now known as the Catasauqua Iron Works, a new
38,000-square-foot municipal building complex was completed
in August 2017. The new complex is now home to the borough's
offices, police and fire departments. The remaining 10 acres will
include retail shops, restaurants, an open-air farmers' market,
and 200 residential units with cobblestone walkways to provide a
community gathering place.
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REGION 4
SOUTH CAROLINA-A former manufacturing plant in Williamsburg
County is now the location of an American flag manufacturing
company. The South Carolina Department of Health and
Environmental Control (DHEC) used Section 128(a) Response
Program funding to provide oversight of assessment activities at
the property, revealing that no environmental cleanup was needed.
In 2017, the property was redeveloped into the Valley Forge Flag
Co. The company entered into a contract with Wal-Mart to sell
its American Flag line of products, creating nearly 150 jobs. The
company also sells its flags at other national retailers including Home
Depot, Target, and Costco.
Newly redeveloped Overland Industrial Park.
REGION 5
OHIO - In May 2016, a multinational manufacturer of automobile
parts announced that it would invest $75 million at a facility in
Toledo to make axles for the Chrysler Corporation's new Jeep
Wrangler. The choice of location could not have been more
symbolic. The new facility is located on the same property as
a factory that once assembled the original Jeep used in the
Second World War. The factory continued to produce automobiles
until it closed in 2001. Environmental testing revealed that the
property was contaminated with industrial chemicals and harmful
byproducts. With the assistance of two Clean Ohio grants
and oversight from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) using Section 128(a) Response Program funding, the city
remediated environmental contamination at the property and
redeveloped it as the new Overland Industrial Park. The property
is now equipped with bioswales and other stormwater controls to
minimize the amount of runoff reaching the adjacent Ottawa River.
This redevelopment heralds the beginning of a new era for Toledo,
reversing years of job loss. The initial building was expanded
and by 2020, it is anticipated that the plant will employ nearly
350 workers with the capacity to produce one million axles per
year and serve other automobile manufacturers. This new facility
demonstrates that advanced manufacturing can return to an urban
area under the right conditions.
REGION 6
KICKAPOO TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA - The Kickapoo gymnasium is
an important cultural site for the Kickapoo Tribe. The gymnasium
was the first building constructed on tribal trust land, and from
1960-2010 was used for community meals, dances, a recreation
area, and a place to participate in traditional activities. In 2010, the
gymnasium was closed because drinking water samples indicated
the presence of lead and the building sustained substantial damage
from a leaking roof. In 2015, the Inter-Tribal Environmental Council
(ITEC) completed an environmental assessment of the gymnasium
that revealed the presence of asbestos and mold. Using Section
128(a) Response Program funding, the Kickapoo Department of
Environmental Protection (KDEP) hired a contractor to help prepare
a cleanup proposal; and in December 2016, the KDEP successfully
applied for an EPA Brownfields Cleanup grant to address the
gym's environmental concerns. The cleanup project began in
October 2017 and is scheduled for completion in September 2020.
Redevelopment plans for the property include a place for cultural
gatherings and youth events, as well as a modern Kickapoo Tribal
Heritage Center.
New Two Lights apartment building in Kansas City's Crossroads Arts District.
REGION 7
MISSOURI - A former municipal parking lot was transformed into
a 25-story glass tower with 296 luxury apartments in Kansas City's
Power and Light District. Environmental assessments showed
that soil at the property was not contaminated; however, the
assessments identified benzene and naphthalene above default
target levels (DTL) in the groundwater. The Kansas Department
of Health and Environment used Section 128(a) Response
Program funding for remediation. After cleanup was completed,
Missouri's BrownfieldsA/oluntary Cleanup Program (BVCP) issued
a Certificate of Completion for the property in 2015. The $120
million luxury apartment building opened in May 2018 and is
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expected to be fully leased by the end of the year. The building
boasts a beautiful glass exterior and an interior inspired by the
Kansas City Crossroads Arts District, featuring pieces by famous
people with ties to the area. The first floor includes 15,000 sq. ft. of
office space and 3,100 sq. ft. of retail space, while the eighth floor
amenity level spreads over 15,000 square feet.
REGION 8
SPIRIT LAKE NATION - In the Summer of 2018, the Spirit Lake
Environmental Protection Agency used a U.S. EPA Brownfields
Cleanup cooperative agreement to clean up nine residential
houses in Sheyenne, North Dakota. The tribe also used Section
128(a) Response Program funding to assess and clean up three
residential homes in other parts of the reservation. The nine
homes in Sheyenne were originally obtained from the U.S. Air
Force; however, the homes were eventually vacated due to their
worsening condition and concerns about asbestos-containing
materials. The three other homes had already burnt down,
presenting health and environmental risks. All twelve remediated
properties will be used as new residential housing and restored
open space. Spirit Lake Nation has now used EPA Brownfields
funding to complete thirty-seven cleanups since 2006. Said Arthur
Carmona from the Spirit Lake EPA, "Spirit Lake would like to thank
the [U.S.] EPA Brownfields Program for providing the tribe with
grants that have allowed us to remove environmentally damaged
homes within our reservation."
REGION 9
GILA RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY - The Gila River Indian
Community (GRIC) is located on the southern border of the
Phoenix metro area. Situated within the GRIC, the San Tan
Industrial Park was once home to facilities that included an
iiquid aluminum manufacturer, a mineral processing plant, and
two distributors of bulk agricultural chemical products. The
GRIC Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) used Section
128(a) Response Program funding to conduct Phase I and II
environmental assessments and provide oversight during the
park's closure. The GRIC DEQ Waste Program reviewed facility
closure plans and provided active site monitoring during demolition,
environmental sampling, and waste remediation. Upon completion
of soil remediation at the former minerals processing facility, the
entire 60-acre industrial park was successfully returned to use as
green space to be enjoyed by the tribal community.

Meeting between the Tribe, EPA, and AMCCO.
REGION 10
YAKAMA NATION - The Yakama Nation is located in Washington
State in the Columbia River basin. The tribe established its
Brownfields Response Program in 2009 with EPA Section 128(a)
Response Program funding. The Yakama Nation's Fisheries
Program (YNF) has collaborated with regulatory agencies and
recently achieved successes in two states bordering the Columbia
River. After lengthy discussions with the Washington Department
of Ecology, the YNF attained its goal of developing a Cleanup
Action Plan for the former Reynolds Aluminum Plant in Longview,
Washington. The Plan includes the monitoring of pore water
(water contained within pores in soil or rock) for fluoride along
the Columbia shoreline. For the first time ever, the Washington
Department of Ecology will use a fluoride screening level that is
protective of aquatic life. The Yakama Nation was also involved in
an ongoing dispute with the responsible party over costs associated
with the contamination of the Astoria Marine Construction Company
(AMCCO) property in Astoria, Oregon. The tribe collaborated with
EPA to recover past costs. Furthermore, the tribe, EPA, the State
of Oregon, and AMCCO are working on finalizing an agreement to
cover future costs.
JIEF^
urited states	CERC LA Section 128(a) State and Tribal Response Program Funding	July/August/September 2018	EPA-S60-F-18-190
Environmental Protection
Agency

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