^CDA	United States	Air and Radiation Draft
Environmental Protection Agency 6202J	November 1998
EPA Coalbed Methane Outreach Program Technical Options Series
Using Coal Mine Methane
The National Coal Museum in Illinois recovers methane from an abandoned coal mine to heat buildings
Benefits of Using Coal Mine Methane for Space and Water
Heating At Coal Mines...
~	Reduces costs by displacing other fuels that are used for heating
~	Uses a fuel that is readily available at gassy coal mines
~	Reduces emissions of methane, a greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere
~	A profitable methane use option for mines with degasification systems in place

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Use of coal mine
methane on-site at
gassy mines for space
heating and/or water
heating is potentially
profitable
Why Consider Using Coal Mine Methane to Heat Mine Facilities?
Many gassy coal mines drain methane from their coal seams for safety reasons.
While some mines recover and sell this methane, many mines simply vent it to
the atmosphere unused. One potentially profitable option is to recover the
methane and use it on-site to heat buildings and/or hot water. Most mines in
the United States currently heat their surface facilities with natural gas, fuel oil
(diesel), or propane. In some countries, it is common for coal mines to heat their
facilities using coal-fired boilers. Coal mine methane may be a profitable
alternative to other fuels, because it eliminates the cost of purchased fuel, or, in
the case of coal-fired boilers, frees up coal for sale. Coal mine methane use is
also beneficial to the environment, in that it reduces emissions of methane, a
greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere.
CMOP can provide
the necessary
technical and
financial modeling
support to coal
companies interested
in a site-specific
analysis
The use of coal mine methane for this purpose is not new. Gassy coal mines in
several countries (including China, the Czech Republic, Poland and Ukraine) use
a portion of the methane they drain on-site for space and/or hot water heating.
In such cases, the coal mine methane often replaces low-quality coal, and
provides an economical, clean-burning alternative. The National Coal Museum
in West Frankfort, Illinois recovers methane from the abandoned Orient No. 6
mine to heat restored mine buildings that are now used by a community
college.
Gassy coal mines that currently drain methane and wish to recover it for space
and hot water heating would need to modify their heating systems. The most
significant costs associated with these modifications will typically be the
purchase of a compressor (to compress the gas for transportation from its
production location to the building(s) to be heated) and installation of a
pipeline. A mine that is already using natural gas, propane, or fuel oil to heat its
buildings will also require minor modifications to the system. A mine that
currently uses electricity or burns coal in a boiler would require more extensive
modifications.
Use of coal mine
methane reduces
emissions of this
greenhouse gas to
the atmosphere
EPA Financial Analysis
EPA's Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (CMOP) prepared an analysis to
illustrate the financial viability of using coal mine methane for heating surface
facilities and hot water at active underground gassy coal mines. The analysis of
any coal mine recovery project requires estimates of methane flow and
availability at the mine. This case study builds on the following information:
Gas Availability and Use
For this illustration, the study assumes that the mine:
•	produces an average of 4 million tons of coal each year;
•	liberates 550 cubic feet of methane per ton of coal mined;
•	currently uses propane, natural gas or fuel oil to heat its buildings;
•	wishes to satisfy a heating demand of 10,000 million BTUs of fuel annually;
and,
•	can produce enough methane from an existing gob well to meet this
demand (a least 11 million cubic feet per year)

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Costs1
The study assumes that project costs are as follows:
•	capital costs (skid mounted compressor, 1 mile of installed pipeline, engineering
design, hot water system modifications) - $55,000
•	estimated annual operating cost is $8,000
Financial Assumptions
'These are standard cost assumptions used in most first-order CMOP financial analyses of heating with coal mine methane
The analysis makes the following financial assumptions:
•	the project will have a 20-year life;
•	annual inflation rate is 4%;
•	the real discount rate is 6%;
•	the tax rate is 27.5%; and
•	100% equity project financing.
Results of the Analysis
Incremental benefits of this project are the annual savings realized from using recovered methane
instead of purchasing fuel. The analysis computes incremental benefits based on a range of costs
for purchased fuels. The following table lists the results of the analysis, showing that the project
would be economically viable even when the cost of purchased fuel is unusually low.
Using Coal Mine Methane for Heating Mine Buildings and Hot Water


Capital
Annual



Scenario
Cost of Purchased Fuel*
Cost
Cost
NPV
IRR (%)
Paybac

($mmBtu)
($000)
($000)
($000)

k
Years
1
$3.00
$55
$8
$ 134
35%
4
2
$5.00
$55
$8
$301
63%
2
3
$8.50
$55
$8
$592
111%
1
*To put these purchased fuel costs in perspective, following are typical purchase prices for
various fuels, in $US per mmBtu: Natural gas - $4.75-5.75; Fuel Oil (Diesel) - $4.00-$5.00; Propane
- $6.50-8.50; Electricity - $13.00-14.50.
The results of this analysis suggest that use of coal mine methane on-site for heating mine buildings
and hot water at a gassy underground coal mine is a potentially profitable project option. To
refine this analysis would require additional inputs such as actual gas content data, methane
emissions data, and the cost of displaced fuel. CMOP can provide the necessary technical and
financial modeling support to coal companies interested in a site-specific analysis.

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Contact EPA's Coalbed Methane Outreach Program for information about this and other
profitable uses for coal mine methane:
Coalbed Methane Outreach Program
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW (6202J)
Washington, DC 20460 USA
(202) 564-9468 or (202) 564-9481
Fax: (202) 565-2077
e-mail: fernandez.roger@epa.gov
schultz.karl@.epa.gov
http://www.epa.gov/coalbed
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