UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OCTOBER 1992
EPA HABITAT SURVEYS FOR THE
THREATENED SWAMP PINK
(HELQNIAS BULLATA) AND THE
THREATENED KNIESKERN'S
BEAKED-RUSH tRHYNCHOSPORA
KNIESKERNID AT VARIOUS
NATIONAL PRIORITIES 1IST
SITES IN NEW JERSEY
-------
HABITAT SURVEYS
FOR THE
THREATENED SWAMP PINK (HELONIAS BULLATA)
AND THE
THREATENED KNIESKERN'S BEAKED-RUSH
(RHYNCHOSPORA KNIESKERNII)
AT VARIOUS NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES
IN NEW JERSEY
Prepared by:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
New York, New York
With Assistance from:
Gannett Fleming, Inc.
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
In Association with:
EcolSciences, Inc.
Rockaway, New Jersey
October 30, 1992
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES iii
LIST OF TABLES 1v
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. NATURAL HISTORY 4
A. Swamp Pink 4
1. Background 4
2. Description 5
3. Habitat Requirements 7
B. Knieskern's Beaked-Rush 11
1. Background 11
2. Description 11
3. Habitat Requirements 12
III. SITE DESCRIPTIONS 16
A. Wilson Farm 17
1. Site Description and History 17
2. Proposed Remedial Action 19
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 19
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 22
B. Woodland Township/Route 532 22
1. Site Description and History 22
2. Proposed Remedial Action 25
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 26
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 29
C. Woodland Township/Route 72 29
1. Site Description and History 29
2. Proposed Remedial Action 32
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 33
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 35
D. Chemsol, Inc 35
1. Site Description and History 35
2. Proposed Remedial Action 38
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 40
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies ... 43
E. Evor Phillips Leasing 43
1. Site Description and History 43
2. Proposed Remedial Action 43
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 45
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 49
F. Ewan Property 49
1. Site Description and History 49
2. Proposed Remedial Action 49
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 52
4.- Previous On-site Habitat Studies 54
G. Ciba-Geigy 54
1. Site Description and History 54
2. Proposed Remedial Action 57
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 58
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 61
-------
Table of Contents (continued)
Page
H. Lang Property 63
1. Site Description and History 63
2. Proposed Remedial Action 65
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions 65
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies 67
IV. FIELD SURVEY RATIONALE 70
A. Wilson Farm 70
1. Swamp Pink 70
a. Habitat Comparison 70
b. Existing Records 70
c. Recommendation 70
B. Woodland Township/Route 532 70
1. Swamp Pink 70
a. Habitat Comparison 70
b. Existing Records 73
c. Recommendation 73
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush 73
a. Habitat Comparison 73
b. Existing Records 73
c. Recommendation 74
C. Woodland Township/Route 72 74
1. Swamp Pink 74
a. Habitat Comparison 74
b. Existing Records 74
c. Recommendation 74
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush 74
a. Habitat Comparison 74
b. Existing Records 75
c. Recommendation 75
D. Evor Phillips Leasing 75
1. Swamp Pi nk 75
a. Habitat Comparison 75
b. Existing Records 75
c. Recommendation 76
E. Chemsol Inc 76
1. Swamp Pink 76
a. Habitat Comparison 76
b. Existing Records 76
c. Recommendation 76
F. Ewan Property 77
1. Swamp Pink 77
a. Habitat Comparison 77
b. Existing Records 77
c. Recommendation 77
G. Ciba Geigy 77
1. - Swamp Pink 77
a. Habitat Comparison 77
b. Existing Records 77
c. Recommendation . . 78
-i i-
-------
Table of Contents (continued)
Page
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush 78
a. Habitat Comparison 78
b. Existing Records 78
c. Recommendation 78
H. Lang Property 79
1. Swamp Pink 79
a. Habitat Comparison 79
b. Existing Records 79
c. Recommendation 79
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush ... 79
a. Habitat Comparison 79
b. Existing Records 79
c. Recommendation 80
V. HABITAT SURVEY WORK PLAN 81
A. Introduction 81
B. Study Seasonality 81
C. Plant Identification 82
D. Field Survey 82
1. Phase I - Site Reconnaissance with RPM 83
2. Phase II - Habitat Mapping 83
3. Phase III - Field Survey Method 83
VI. RESULTS OF THE HABITAT SURVEY 85
A. Wilson Farm 85
B. Woodland Township/Route 532 8'6
C. Woodland Township/Route 72 86
0. Ewan Property " 87
E. Ciba-Geigy . . . 87
F. Lang Property 88
VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 89
REFERENCES 90
APPENDIX A - USFWS Consultation Letters
APPENDIX B - Habitat Mapping
APPENDIX C - Results of Timed Meander Search
APPENDIX D - Species Effort Curves
LIST OF
Figure - Description
1 Distribution Map for Swamp
Knieskern's Beaked-rush in
FIGURES
Eage
Pink and
New Jersey 6
-i i i-
o
-------
Table of Contents
List of Figures (continued)
Figure Description Page
2 Line Drawing of Swamp Pink. 8
3 Line Drawing of Knieskern's Beaked-rush 13
4A Site Location: Wilson Farm 18
4B USFWS NWI Mapping: Wilson Farm 20
4C SCS Soils Mapping: Wilson Farm . 21
40 Pine Barrens Mapping: Wilson Farm 23
5A Site Location: Woodland/Route 532 24
5B USFWS NWI Mapping: Woodland/Route 532 27
5C SCS Soils Mapping: Woodland/Route 532 28
5D Pine Barrens Mapping: Woodland/Route 532 30
6A Site Location: Woodland/Route 72 31
6B USFWS NWI Mapping: Woodland/Route 72 34
6C SCS Soils Mapping: Woodland/Route 72 36
6D Pine Barrens Mapping: Woodland/Route 72 37
7A Site Location: Chemsol Inc 39
7B USFWS NWI Mapping: Chemsol Inc. . 41
7C SCS Soils Mapping: Chemsol Inc 42
8A Site Location: Evor Phillips Leasing 44
8B USFWS NWI Mapping: Evor Phillips Leasing 46
8C SCS Soils Mapping: Evor Phillips Leasing 47
8D Pine Barrens Mapping: Evor Phillips Leasing 48
9A Site Location: Ewan Property 50
9B USFWS NWI Mapping: Ewan Property 51
9C SCS Soils Mapping: Ewan Property 53
9D Pine Barrens Mapping: Ewan Property 55
10A Site Location: Ciba-Geigy 56
10B USFWS NWI Mapping: Ciba-Geigy 59
IOC SCS Soils Mapping: Ciba-Geigy 60
10D Pine Barrens Mapping: Ciba-Geigy 62
11A Site Location: Lang Property 64
118 USFWS NWI Mapping: Lang Property 66
11C SCS Soils Mapping: Lang Property 68
1 ID Pine Barrens Mapping: Lang Property 69
LIST OF TABLES
Table Description Page
1 Vegetation Associates of Helonias bullata ...... 9
2 Vegetation Associates of Rhvnchospora knieskernii . . 14
3 Summary of Findings 71
-iv-
-------
I. INTRODUCTION
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act,
(CERCLA), commonly referred to as "Superfund", was enacted in December 1980.
Under CERCLA, the federal government is authorized to compel responsible
parties to conduct cleanup of hazardous waste sites or initiate cleanup
actions and then determine who is liable for the cost of clean-up. The
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) provided
additional funds for Superfund cleanups but did not significantly change the
basic principles of Superfund.
Section 121 of CERCLA establishes general rules for selecting and
implementing remedial actions at Superfund sites. This section specifies that
remedial actions must comply with all applicable, relevant and appropriate
requirements (ARARs). Standards, requirements, criteria or limitations under
any federal environmental law are to be met if legally applicable or relevant
and appropriate.
Section 7(a) of the Endangered Species Act (1973) requires federal
agencies to ensure that actions they authorize, fund, or carry out are not
likely to jeopardize the continued existence of federally endangered and/or
threatened species, or adversely modify or destroy the critical habitats of
such species. In compliance with this Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) conducts informal consultations with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS) to determine whether there are any federally endangered and/or
threatened species or critical habitats present on or in the vicinity of
CERCLA National Priorities List (NPL) sites.
As a result of several recent informal consultations (Appendix A), the
potential for the presence of the threatened plant species, swamp pink
(Helonias bul1ata). has been identified within the vicinity of various NPL
sites in New Jersey, including:
1. WiJson Farm, Ocean County ..
2. Woodland Township/Route 532, Burlington County
3. Woodland Township/Route 72„. Burlington County
-1-
-------
4. Chemsol Inc., Middlesex County
5. Evor Phillips Leasing, Middlesex County
6. Ewan Property, Burlington County
7. Ciba-Geigy. Ocean County
8. Lang Property, Burlington County
Additionally, the potential for the occurrence of the habitat of another
threatened plant, Knieskern's beaked-rush (Rhvnchospora knieskernii). has also
been identified near several sites, including:
1. Ciba-Geigy, Ocean County
2. Lang Property, Burlington County
3. Woodland Township/Route 532, Burlington County
4. Woodland Township/Route 72, Burlington County
The objective of this special study is to determine through a literature
search and possible field survey, whether the federally threatened plant
species swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush or their habitats are present
on the above-listed NPL sites. Furthermore, because the impact of remedial
activities on the above-listed NPL sites may extend beyond the boundaries of
the sites, study areas were defined based upon the location of potential
habitat for the threatened plant species that may be affected by site
remediation.
The Scope of Work for this special study is comprised of task series
covering the following items:
1. A review of existing information concerning the habitat requirements
of the species;
2. A review of known sightings or locations of suitable species habitat
in the vicinity of each of the NPL sites;
3. Development of a habitat survey work plan;
4. Implementation of the habitat survey work plan; and
5. Documentation of the presence or absence of the species in a
technicaT report.
-2-
-------
This Habitat Survey presents the findings of the literature review phase
and field survey phase of the study. The report begins with a description of
the natural history and habitat requirements of swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush. Each of the NPL sites are then described with particular
reference to existing on-site habitats. Based upon a comparison of the
natural habitats of the species of concern with those habitats mapped on-site
and existing sightings for the species, a recommendation is made to conduct or
not to conduct a field survey. The methodology employed during the field
survey work is described. Finally, the results of the field survey are
presented.
-3.
-------
II. NATURAL HISTORY
This chapter provides technical background information pertaining to
swamp pink, and Knieskern's beaked-rush, including detailed descriptions of the
plants and their habitat requirements. It represents a review of existing
information on these plants. Sources of information included, but were not
limited to:
o Technical Manuals such as Gray's Manual of Botany (1950), New Britton
& Brown Illustrated Flora (1952), Manual of Vascular Plants (1963)
and New Jersey Wild Plants (1983);
o Scientific Journals such as Castanea, Bartonia and Rhodora;
o USFWS Government Publications such as the Swamp Pink and Knieskern's
Beaked-rush Recovery Plans, Endangered Species Technical Bulletin and
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (50 CFR);
o Rutgers University Chrysler Herbarium specimens;
o U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Public Notice on swamp pink;
o Unpublished documents such as the Draft Stewardship Abstract for
Swamp Pink (New Jersey Natural Heritage Program) and records from the
Plant Species Database (USFWS, National Wetlands Inventory).
The following sections provide background information for each of the
species and a description of the species and their preferred habitats.
A. Swamp Pink
1. Background
Swamp pink (Helonias bu1 lata) was first collected in the mid 1700's in
New Jersey and subsequently in eight other eastern states, i.e., New York,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and
Georgia. Historically, more than 200 records exist, with 122 extant
(presently occurring) populations known from six states (USFWS, 1991).
Widespread drainage and development of eastern wetlands has resulted in
significant population decline and serious habitat threats to this plant. In
response to this threat, the USFWS proposed to list swamp pink as a threatened
species on February 25, 1988 (USFWS, 1988b). Formal adoption of the listing
as threatened was published in the Federal Register on September 9, 1988
(USFWS, 1988a).
.4.
-------
New Jersey supports over half of the total world population of the
species. In New Jersey, only 71 extant populations remain of 139 historic
records (USFWS, 1991). Because of this, the species has been listed as
endangered by the State of New Jersey (NJDEPE, 1990) and as threatened or
endangered by the Pinelands Commission (Pinelands Commission, 1987). Figure 1
shows the range of swamp pink in New Jersey relative to the NPL sites. Since
1980, populations have been confirmed in eleven counties: Atlantic,
Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, Middlesex, Monmouth,
Morris, Ocean and Salem (USFWS, 1991). A historical record is known from
Mercer County (Rutgers University, Chrysler Herbarium, 1992).
2. Description
Swamp pink is a perennial herb of the lily family (Liliaceae) (USFWS,
1992) with an evergreen basal rosette of six to twelve, flat, parallel-veined,
lanceolate to elongate, spatulate leaves, 0.9-2.5 decimeters (dm) long to 2-4
centimeters (cm) wide, narrowed to a broad petiole (Figure 2). Leaves at time
of flowering are not more than one fifth the size they afterwards attain
(NJNHP, 1990) typically increasing in length to 4 dm or more as the season
progresses. During the winter months, the leaves lie flat or slightly raised
from the ground, and are often hidden by fallen leaf litter (USFWS, 1992). In
the center of the rosette, the flowerhead and leaves of the next season are
tightly rolled together appearing like a large button (Brown, 1910). The
winter leaves, although evergreen, often turn reddish brown in color (USFWS,
1992) or are edged or tipped with brown (Brown, 1910). Newly emerging spring
leaves are bright green in color (Peterson, 1990).
The inflorescence is a terminal raceme consisting of 30-50 (37.5 mean)
fragrant flowers each about 1 cm wide produced in early spring atop a hollow
scape (Sutter, 1982). The entire infloresence is 3-10 cm long and about 3 cm
thick (NJNHP, 1990). Individual flowers have pedicels which are very short at
first, elongating to 4-8 millimeters (mm). The perianth is composed of six
spatulate-oblong, pink to lavender segments that are 5-9 mm long and 1-2 mm
wide. As the inflorescence elongates, the perianth persists and retains a
pink color suffused with green (USFWS, 1991). The sparsely bracteate,
blue-green scape arises from the basal rosette and may grow from a height of
2-9 dm at the time of flowering to 1.5 meters (m) at the time of
-5
-------
DISTRIBUTION OF Helonlas bullata
HISTORICAL AND EXTANT
POPULATIONS OF
Rhvwctiospora kwl«»hefi>»i
(occurrence by township)
m NPL SITES
7T
X
i
CHEMSOL, INC. SITE
EVOR PHILLIPS
LEASING CO. SITE
EWAN PROPERTY SITE
WILSON FARM SITE
CIBA-CIEGY SITE
LANG PROPERTY SITE
WOODLAND TOWNSHIP
SITES
I
FIGURE 1 : DISTRIBUTION MAP
FOR SWAMP PINK AND-
KNIESKERN'S BEAKED-RUSH
IN NEW JERSEY
EcolSciences. Inc
-6-
-------
seed maturation (USFWS, 1991). Plants bloom as early as March and often the
flowers last until May, with seed production occurring in June (USFWS, 1991).
The fruit capsule is 3-lobed, papery, 3-5 mm long and 8-10 mm wide, with
an inverted heart shape and consisting of many ovules. The ovule opens into
six lobes releasing linear-shaped seeds that are 5 mm long with appendages at
both ends (USFWS, 1991). A line drawing of the plant is presented in Figure 2.
3. Habitat Requirements
Swamp pink is an obligate hydrophyte (USFWS, 1992). The technical
manuals typically describe swamp pink habitat as swamps and bogs (Stone, 1911;
Gray, 1950; Britton & Brown, 1952; Gleason, 1963; Hough, 1983). In Brown's
1910 description of the species, he notes its occurrence in New Jersey as in
shady swamps on headwater streams and cold swamps in the pines. According to
Brown (1910) "...Helonias thrives best in a shaded swamps, often in a tangle
of cat-briar and alder, where its roots may go deep into the soft muck." More
specific habitats are recorded in the USFWS, National Wetlands Inventory (NWI)
database (1992). In addition to swamps and bogs, the following habitats are
noted: low woods; open deciduous swamps; cedar swamps; spruce bogs; acid
bogs; acid woods; and sphagnous woodlands. The USFWS Recovery Plan for swamp
pink (1992) notes its habitat as: swampy forested wetlands bordering
meandering streams; headwaters wetlands; sphagnous, hummocky, dense Atlantic
white cedar swamp; Blue Ridge swamps; meadows; bogs; and spring seepage areas.
The habitats listed above have a common hydrology characterized by
frequently or permanently saturated soils. In addition, as noted by Brown
(1910), associated soils are usually organic mucks. The mucks may overlie a
sandy or gravelly subsoil (Sutter, 1982; USFWS, 1992). Such soils are poorly
or very poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at the surface for
long or very long periods.
o
Table 1 presents vegetative associates of swamp pink identified in the
USFWS Recovery Plan (1992). Based- on the Contractor's experience in New
Jersey, swamp pink occurs in red maple- or Atlantic white cedar-dominated
wooded swamps. Subordinate canopy, species include black gum and sweetbay.
These swamps are also characterized by a very dense woody understory that
-7-
-------
c
FIGURE 2 : LINE DRAWING OF
SWAMP PINK (Helonias bullata)
EcolSciencet. Inc.
-8-
-------
TABLE 1
Vegetation Associates of Helonias bullata 1
Trees
Acer r^rm
Chamaecvoaris thypldes
Larlx larlciana
Maariolla vlralniana
Nvssa sylv&tlM
P1cea marl ana
Picea rubens
P1nus rioida
Pinus strobus
Tsuaa canadensis
Shrubs
Alnus serrulata
Ilex ambiqua
Ilex verticil lata
Kalmia latifolla
Lindera benzoin
Rhododendron arborescens
Rosa palustrls
Sambucus canadensis
Vacclnium constable!
Vaccinlum corvmbosum
Viburnum cassinoides
Red maple
Atlantic white cedar
Amerclan larch
Sweetbay magnolia
Black gum
Black spruce
Red spruce
Pitch pine
Eastern white pine
Eastern hemlock
Red alder
Caroline holly
Ninterberry
Mountain laurel
Spicebush
Smooth azalea
Swamp rose
Elderberry
Mountain blueberry
Highbush blueberry
Witherod
Herbs
Aster ouniceus
Aster radula
Carex col 11ns11
C»rex folllculata
Carex muricata
Clintpni^ boreal 1s
Copti s trifolia
Purple-stemmed aster
Rough-leaved aster
Collins' sedge
Long sedge
Lesser prickly sedge
Yellow clintonia
Gold thread
-9-
-------
Table l (continued)
Equisetum
Virginia bugleweed
Golden club
Cinnamon fern
Sphagnum moss
Skunk cabbage
1 Source: USFWS Swamp Pink Recovery Plan (1992)
-10-
Herbs(continued)
Eaulsetum svlvaticum
Lvcqdus virginlcu?
Orontium aauaticum
Qsmunda cinnamomea
Sphagnum spp.
SvmDlocarpus foetidus
-------
includes sweet pepperbush, swamp azalea (Rhododendron viscosum). winterberry,
highbush blueberry, swamp sweetbells (Leucothoe racemosa). smooth alder,
sweetbay, greenbrier and bayberry (Hvrica sp.). Hebaceous associates include
pitcher plant (Sarraeenia purpurea), blue flag iris (Iris versicolor), golden
club, cinnamon fern, swamp dewberry (Rubus hispidus). swamp candles
(Lvsimachia terrestris). Virginia chain fern (Hoodwardia virqiniana), skunk
cabbage and netted chain fern (Woodwardia areolata).
B. Knieskern's Beaked-rush
1. Background
Knieskern's beaked-rush (Rhvnchospora knieskernii) is an annual plant
endemic to the Pine Barrens region of New Jersey. The plant was first
discovered by Peter D. Knieskern, M.D. in Ocean County, New Jersey in 1843
(Store, 1973) who originally labelled the specimens as Rhvnchospora qravana.
The species description was not published until John Carey did so in 1847
(Carey 1847), naming it after Dr. Knieskern. Currently, 27 occurrences exist
in four counties of New Jersey: Atlantic, Burlington, Monmouth, and Ocean.
An early-successional, obligate hydrophyte and poor competitor,
Knieskern's beaked-rush inhabits sparsely vegetated, muddy substrates of
bog-iron, clay, peat, sand, and gravel. Suitable habitat is maintained in
early successional stages by natural or human-induced forces. The number of
extant occurrences has declined to 27 from the total record of 41 sites. The
decline of this species is attributed to the loss of the required specific
open habitat due to vegetative succession, development, and commercial and
agricultural activities. Knieskern's beaked-rush was listed as a federally
threatened species on July 18, 1991 (USFNS, 1991). The species has also been
listed as endangered by the State of New Jersey (NJDEPE, 1990) and as
threatened or endangered by the Pinelands Commission (Pinelands Commission,
1987). Figure 1 shows the occurrence of Knieskern's beaked-rush by township
in relation to the NPL sites.
2. Description
Knieskern's beaked-rush is a grass-like annual member of the sedge family
(Cyperaceae), although in some relatively stable habitats it may be a
short-lived perennial. The plant is in fruit from late July to September. It
-------
grows 1.5 to 60 cm high and has slender, flexuous culms branching from the
base. The leaves are filiform-setaceous, involute when dry, to 1.8 mm wide,
smooth, becoming serrulate on the margins and keel. The terminal fascicle of
0.4-1 cm wide and there are 2-3 lateral fascicles remote at intervals along
the entire length of the culm. Spikelets are ovoid, 2-2.8 mm long,
subsessile, 2-3 fruited, terminated by a sterile floret. Scales are caducous,
castaneous to dark brown, lower scales apiculate, upper ones slightly so.
There are six, stiffly erect, retroverse barbellate bristles, exceeding or
slightly less in length than the body of the achene. The achene is obovate,
0.6-0.8 mm wide, 1.1-1.3 mm long, lenticular, biconvex, shining yellow brown
in the center, then generally darker toward the margins. The tubercle is
deltoid-subulate, compressed, 0.4-0.6 mm high (approximately 1/2 the length of
the achene) (Gale, 1944). A line drawing of the plant is presented in Figure
3.
3. Habitat Requirements
Knieskern's beaked-rush is an obligate hydrophyte that occurs in
groundwater influenced, constantly fluctuating environments. It is an
early-successional species that is apparently intolerant of shade and
competition, especially from woody species, and is generally found on
relatively bare substrates with sparse vegetation and limited duff. Thus the
species requires some disturbance for successful colonization, establishment,
and maintenance. The vegetative associates of Knieskern's beaked-rush
identified in the USFWS Draft Recovery Plan (1992) are presented in Table 2.
All the associates listed are herb species except for cranberry.
The oldest records (1800's) for the species are from populations that
were found on bog-iron substrates, a naturally-maintained, early-successional
habitat found in eroded areas along the slow-moving streams of the New Jersey
pine barrens region. Thus, Gray's Manual gives its habitat as on iron-ore in
the pine barrens (Fernald, 1970); Stone (1911) as the pine barrens region
confined to bog iron deposits; and Hough (1983) as wet soil of pineland bogs
over iron deposits. Britton & Brown (1952) and Gleason (1963) give its
habitat as simply pine barren bogs. However, locational information from the
early 20th century also documents the existence of Knieskern's beaked-rush in
human-altered early successional habitats such as rights-of-ways and borrow
pits (Hirst, 1958; New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, 1989).
-12-
-------
X15
R. Knieskernii
FIGURE 3 :
LINE DRAWING OF KNIESKERN'S
BEAKED-RUSH (Rhvnchospora knieskernii)
o
EcolScl«nce», Inc.
-13-
-------
TABLE 2
Vegetation Associates of Rhvnchospora knieskernii1
Asistida lonqespkfr
Aristida virqata
Calamovilfa brevioilis
Cvoerus dentatus
Drosera fi1i formi s
Prosera intermedia
Gentiana »Mtynn?11s
Eupatorium leucolepis
Hypericum canadense
Juncus caesariensis
Lobelia nuttallii
Lvcopodium carolinianum
Muhlenberaia tgrrnnm
Huhlenberqia uniflora
Narthecium americanum
Rhexia virainica
Rhvnchospora caoitellatta
Rhvnchospora chalarocephala
Rhvnchospora pallida
Rhvnchospora torrevana
Schizaea PM?i11?
Scleria minpr
Scleria reticulari var. oubescens
Vaccinium m»crocjirpon
Three-awned grass
Wand-like three-awned grass
Pine barren reedgrass
Flatsedge
Sundew
Sundew
Pine barren gentian
Boneset
St. John's-wort
New Jersey rush
Nuttall's lobelia
Slender clubmoss
Pine barren smoke grass
Smoke grass
Bog asphodel
Meadow beauty
Beaked-rush
Beaked-rush
Pale beaked-rush
Torrey's beaked-rush
Curly grass fern
Slender nut rush
Nut rush
Cranberry
Source: USFWS Draft Knieskern's Beaked-rush Recovery Plan (1992)
-14-
-------
Most of the extant occurrences for this species (22 of 27) are in an
early-successional stage due to human di strubance. These sites include
abandoned clay pits and borrow pits, ditches, unimproved roads, and
rights-of-way. These sites require periodic human-induced disturbance to
maintain their early successional character. Recent searches for this species
identified Pocomoke soils as being particularly productive in the
identification of new populations in Atlantic County (USFNS, 1992), Pocomoke
soils are also distributed in adjacent Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester,
Camden and Burlington Counties. Pocomoke soils are very poorly drained, with
a seasonal high water table at the surface for long or very long periods.
They are classified as hydric soils, by the National Technical Committee for
Hydric Soils (1990). Soils with similar properties include the Mullica and
Atsion series (Kingsbury, personal communication, 1992).
-15-
-------
III. SITE DESCRIPTIONS
This chapter provides descriptions of each of the eight NPL sites
identified by the USFWS as of concern for swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush. These sites and their corresponding section are:
A. Wilson Farm, Plumstead Township, Ocean County
B. Woodland Township/Route 532, Burlington County
C. Woodland Township/Route 72, Burlington County
D. Chemsol Inc., Piscataway Township, Middlesex County
E. Evor Phillips Leasing, Old Bridge Township, Middlesex County
F. Ewan Property, Shamong Township, Burlington County
G. Ciba-Geigy, Dover Township, Ocean County
H. Lang Property, Pemberton Township, Burlington County
The site descriptions represent a synthesis of information pertaining to
existing conditions on each of the sites. Sources of information include but
are not limited to:
o ' Interviews with the EPA Remedial Project Managers (RPMs) for each of
the sites.
o Rl/FS Reports and Records of Decision (RODs) for the sites;
o Existing mapping for each of the sites including:
United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5 minute series
topographic quadrangles;
USFWS National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) mapping;
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (SCS)
County Soil Surveys;
New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Mapping, prepared pursuant to the
New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act, where available;
Pine Barrens Vegetation Geography mapping prepared for the New
Jersey State Museum (McCormick and Jones, 1973), where
appropriate;
o Aerial photographs where available; and
o Miscellaneous site specific reports, where available.
For the purposes of this -discussion, the site refers to the area of the
dumping, stockpiling of waste, etc. In some cases this area is referred to by
municipal block,and lot. The study area, on the other hand, refers to the
area of contamination, i.e., the area subject to direct impacts due to the
proposed remediation plan. Typical1y,_. the study area is larger than, and
inclusive of, the site.
-16-
-------
The following sections describe the sites and study areas in the context
of their potential to support populations of swamp pink or Knieskern's
beaked-rush. A general site description and brief history is provided,
including the current remediation proposals, followed by a description of the
existing mapping for the site and a description of any other relevant previous
on-site habitat studies.
A. Hilson Farm
1. Site Description and History
The Wilson Farm site is a 10-acre area (Acres, 1991) of unauthorized
dumping on land known as Block 76, Lot 63 located in Plumsted Township, Ocean
County, New Jersey (Figure 4A). The site is located in a rural portion of
Ocean County, with the nearest town, New Egypt, located 4 miles west of the
site. The site is approximately 1,000 feet west of Hawkin Road (State Rt.
640) and approximately one mile south of the intersection of Hawkin Road and
New Egypt-Lakewood Road (State Rt. 528). An unimproved access road leads from
Hawkin Road to the entrance of the site. The site includes an unimproved road
that follows a buried transcontinental telephone cable right-of-way near the
eastern site boundary. A narrow lane curves along the western portion of the
site. Bordens Run Creek forms the site's western boundary, and the eastern
boundary parallels the cleared right-of-way. The northern site or study area
limit is adjacent to a farm field approximately 1,500 feet north of the
entrance road. The southern limit is approximately 150 feet south of the
entrance road.
The Colliers Mills Wildlife Management Area is located approximately 500
feet southeast of the site. Bordens Run Creek forms the site's western
boundary. Bordens Run Creek flows into an unnamed lake within the Colliers
Mills Wildlife Management Area approximately 2000 feet southeast (downstream)
of the site.
During the 1960s and early 1970s, Wilson Farm was one of seven sites in
Plumsted Township reportedly used ta dispose of liquid and rummed waste from a
Thiokol Chemical (later Morton-Thiokol, Inc.) facility. The period over which
dumping occurred is not known with certainty (NJDEPE, October 1986).
-------
rtanbeny
X
$
r — XV :
Archefs\ -L^fieo
ICorner
Y •<
•wnatrrQ
J+
' fi.'l '
H» _v\l
C >
J
f^at C
FIGURE 4A: SITE LOCATION
WILSON FARM
BOTH SITE AND STUDY AREA
INDICATED BY SHADING
SOURCE: (JSCS; CASSVILLE, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1971
I
N
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-18-
-------
In a 1980 removal action, approximately 620 cubic yards of contaminated
soil were removed along with an unreported quantity of drums and waste.
Wilson Farm was added to the NPL in August, 1990.
The industrial waste is found as thin patches of tar-like, rubbery and
spongey material on the ground surface. No buried waste was encountered. In
places, the waste was within approximately 80 feet of Bordens Run Creek.. The
waste could not be classified as hazardous based on TCLP (Toxicity
Characteristics Leaching Procedure) standards and other waste classification
criteria. Low levels of soil and groundwater contamination were detected, but
most contaminants could not be directly linked to the waste. Very low levels
of stream water and sediment contamination were reported. These were not
determined to be waste-related. Pesticide concentrations on site were typical
of agricultural areas (Acres 1991).
2. Proposed Remedial Action
The NODEPE has signed an Administrative Consent Order (ACO) with the
Potentially Responsible Party (PRP). Under the terms of the ACO, the
contaminated materials on site would be removed by the PRP. This constitutes
the remedial action at this site.
As per discussions with Mike Burlingame, the NJDEPE Project Manager, all
contaminants have at this time been removed. No further disturbance to the
site is proposed other than restoration (see Soil Erosion and Sediment Control
Plan prepared by IT Corporation, 1992).
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFHS National Hetlands Inventory (NWI) Mapping-
The USFWS mapping (Cassville, New Jersey Quadrangle, 1977) identifies
palustrine forested wetlands characterized by broad-leaved deciduous species
(PF01) along the western boundary of the site (Figure 4B). These wetlands are
mapped in association with Bordens Run Creek, within the Tom's River watershed.
b. SCS Soils Mapping
The Ocean County Soil Survey (1980) mapped two soil series on-site,
Berryland sand and Evesboro sand (Figure 4C). The Berryland series is mapped
in association with Bordens Run Creek along the site's western boundary, while
-19-
-------
FIGURE 4B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
WILSON FARM SITE
SOURCE: USFWS; CASSVILLE, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1977
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-20-
-------
Collian Millt
FIGURE 4C: SCS SOILS MAPPING
WILSON FARM SITE
Be: Berry land sand
EvB: Evesboro sand
SOURCE: SCS, OCEAN COUNTY SURVEY, 1980, SHEET 11
©SCALE: 1* = 1660'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-21-
-------
the Evesboro series is mapped for the remainder of the site. The Berryland
soil is a very poorly drained soil with a seasonal high water table at the
surface from October to June. The Berryland soil has been classified as a New
Jersey hydric soil by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (1987).
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The vegetation mapping prepared by McCormick and Jones (1973) shows three
mapping units within the Wilson Farm site (Figure 4D). The majority of the
site is mapped as oak-pine forest (OP), an upland community. Hardwood swamp
forest (HDW), a wetland community, is mapped along Bordens Run Creek at the
site's western boundary. Agricultural land is mapped northeast of the site.
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
A two-day flora and fauna study of the site was conducted in May 1990
(Acres, 1991). The purpose of the study was to compile a site inventory of
plants and animals and to identify any rare or endangered species or their
habitat. Based on the results of the study, no rare or endangered species
were observed nor did the site contain any significant habitat for rare and
endangered species.
Common on-site wetland species identified by Acres (1991) included red
maple, sour (black) gum, tall (highbush) blueberry, sassafras, chestnut oak,
mountain laurel and coast (sweet) pepperbush. Additional species include
sweetbay magnolia, cinnamon fern, skunk cabbage and sphagnum moss. Many of
these species are associates of swamp pink (see Table 1).
B. Woodland Township/Route 532
1. Site Description and History
The Woodland Township Route 532 site is approximately 20 acres in size
and is located on tax block 4210, lot 1 in Woodland Township, Burlington
County, New Jersey (Figure 5A). The site is at the end of an unpaved access
road approximately 1/8 mile south of Route 532. The unnamed site access road
meets Route 532- approximately 1 1/8 miles west of the intersection of Route
532 and Route 72. Goodwater Run, an intermittent stream, and Bayley Road
border the site to the east. An unpav-ed forest fire control road runs along
the southern edge of the site. The site is situated within a "special
-22-
-------
FIGURE 4D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
WILSON FARM SITE
AGR: Agricultural land
SCALE: I" - 4000'
HDW: Hardwood swamp forest
OP: Oak-pine forest
VtM
EcoISciences, Inc.
SOURCE: McCORMO & JONES, 1973, SHEET 12
-23-
-------
¦m
STUDY AREA p.
ftgCU&A-
& Cranberry Bog
J
FIGURE 5A: SITE LOCATION
WOODLAND TOWNSHIP - ROUTE 532
SOURCE: USGS; CHATSWORTH/WOODMANSE, NEW JERSEY QUADS;
1957
N
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcoiSciences, Inc.
-24-
-------
agricultural area" of the Preservation Area District of the New Jersey
Pinelands. Active commercial cranberry bogs are located approximately 1 mile
west-southwest of the site.
An aerial photograph from 1951 shows that a pine forest existed in the
study area prior to the beginning of disposal operations. The exact date
disposal began is unknown. It is estimated to have begun between 1951 and
1956 and to have continued until 1962. No site controls were in place from
1962 to 1986. In 1986, PRPs constructed a security fence to restrict site
access.
The NODEPE was advised of environmental problems at the site by the
Burlington County Health Department in April 1979. The NJDEPE conveyed the
information to the EPA. The Woodland Township/Route 532 site was placed on
the NPL during September, 1983.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
The Remedial Investigation (RI) for the site identified contamination of
the surface and subsurface soils as well as groundwater (ROD Summary 1990).
The groundwater contaminant plume originating at the Route 532 site is located
at a depth between 25 feet and 50 feet and is moving in a southwesterly
direction at a rate of 2.1 feet per day. The plume is approximately 4,000
feet in length, 500 to 1500 feet in width, and. discharges to a cranberry bog
and adjacent bog reservoirs (Woodlands Private Study- Group, 1992). Figure 5A
illustrates the extent of the Route 532 contaminated groundwater plume. The
area of the site and plume constitute the study area for this investigation.
The proposed remedial action for surface materials at the site is the
removal of these materials and disposing of them at an acceptable off-site
facility. The contaminated subsurface soils will be the subject of a future
study and remedial action.
The proposed groundwater remedial action involves the installation of a
groundwater recovery and treatment system, consisting of air stripping, metals
removal, biological treatment, and. advanced oxidation or carbon adsorption.
The treated groundwater would be discharged immediately upgradient of the
-------
disposal areas via re-injection wells or infiltration basins. Pumping and
treatment of the groundwater would proceed until the remedial goals for the
aquifer are met, which is expected to take approximately 30 years.
Remediation at this site is closely linked to remediation at the Woodland
Township/Route 72 site. One alternative being considered is to construct one
treatment facility for both sites. In that case, a pipeline, connecting the
sites via Routes 532 and 72, would be constructed.
Discussions with the NJDEPE site managers, Gwen Burranus and Steve
McGregor indicate that impacts as a result of the proposed groundwater
recovery and treatment system have not yet been fully defined. Additionally,
the location and types of support facilities have not been determined.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFWS NHI Mapping
According to the NWI mapping (USFWS, Chatsworth and Woodmansie
Quadrangles, 1977), palustrine scrub/shrub wetlands characterized by
needle-leaved evergreen and broad-leaved deciduous species (PSS4/1) are mapped
along Goodwater Run in the southeast corner of the site (Figure 5B). In
addition, the study area has four wetland communities mapped. These wetlands
are mapped in distinct zones along an elevational gradient. Beginning at the
higher end of the gradient (closest to the site), palustrine forested/
scrub-shrub wetlands characterized by needle-leaved evergreen species
(PF0/SS4) are mapped; followed by a zone of palustrine forested wetlands
characterized by needle-leaved evergreens (PF04); followed by palustrine
scrub-shrub wetlands characterized by needle-leaved evergreens (PSS4). At the
low end of the gradient, lacustrine limnetic open water wetlands are mapped.
These correspond to the reservior used in downstream cranberry production.
b. SCS Soi1s Mappi nq
The soils mapping prepared -by the SCS in the Burlington County Soil
Survey (1971) identifies one land type on-site and four soil series and one
land type (muck.) within the study area-(Figure 5C). The mapping unit shown
on-site is a land type know as Made land, sanitary fill. This land type
consists of areas used for disposal, then covered by soil.
-------
STUDY AREA
PFO A/I
PFO)M
PFOIK
FICURE 5B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 532 SITE
SOURCE: USFWS; CHATSWORTH/WOODMANSt, NEW JERSEY QUADS;
1977
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-27-
-------
¦S£.w.
Sfcw-a. - «*?•''
//• •
1:
. i:
k:.3CTA,;,
¦ LUB"-V«.
WhB
¦/ ,'./ \\LuB S
» * / V- ' *
- - -7
*
«•?. -w -I*
1SLmA
Lift
~ f*-* -%¦•
M
|C4*
flfe- S^Xf-iS-*. • ^5 I HA % "^">'
v&PZsM?- l::. ./i"
HW.SSc.'.r
^ STUDY AREA
V«a*J>"
FIGURE 5C SCS SOILS MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 532 SITE
SOURCE: SCS, BURLINGTON COUNTY SURVEY, 1971, SHEETS 65 & 72
At; At si on sand
Bp: Berry land sand
LIA: Lakehurst sand, thick surface
LIB, LtC, UD: lakewood sand
LvB: Lakewood sand, loamy substratum
Mg: Made land, sanitary fill
Mu: Muck, shallow
SCALE: 1' = 1320'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-28-
-------
Lakewood, Lakehurst, Atsion, Berryland and Muck soils are mapped within
the study area. These soils form a natural catena along an elevational
gradient from higher (Lakewood) to lower (Muck). Atsion soils are poorly
drained with a seasonal high water table at 1 foot. Berryland and Muck soils
are very poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at the surface.
Atsion, Berryland and Muck soils have been classifed as hydric soils by the
National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (1987).
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The maps of pine barrens vegetation prepared by McCormick and Jones
(1973) identify the site and a portion of the study area as being pine-oak
forest (PO), an upland community (Figure 5D). The remainder of the study area
is mapped as being within pitch-pine lowlands (PPLL), a wetland community,
hardwood swamp forest (HDW), another wetland community, is mapped along
Goodwater Run.
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
A prelimary environmental assessment of the impacts of the proposed
remediation plan has beeri conducted (ASGEC, 1992). The limits of the project
area investigated were defined by the areas of proposed disturbance, the areas
between the proposed roads and pipelines, the proposed treatment plant
area(s); plus a 300-foot buffer extending out from potential areas of
construction activities. This project area included the site- and the
groundwater contamination plume. Threatened and endangered plants were
sought; however, no methodology is presented. Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush were not identified.
In 1990, Wander Ecological Consultants conducted an ecological assessment
of the area immediately outside of the fenced site perimeter. No federally
threatened or endangered species of flora or fauna were observed.
C. Woodland Township/Route 72
1. Site Description and History
The Woodland Township/Route 72 site is approximately 12 acres in size and
located on tax block 5501, lot 15 and tax block 6301, lot 1 in Woodland
Township, Burlington County, New Jersey (Figure 6A). The site is 1/4 mile
south of Route 72 along Crawley Road. Crawley Road, an unpaved road, is
-29-
-------
FIGURE 50: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 532 SUE
SOURCE: McCORMO & JOES, 1973, SHEETS 27 & 28
PO: Pine-oik forest
PPIL: Pitch pine lowland forest
SCALE: 1" = 4000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-30-
-------
SITE
•ecou
'ond
STUDY AREA!
123
ikes
iOO-
118
'too-
Bra
A."
13 6
-31-
-------
labeled as Sooey Road on USGS maps. Crawley Road meets Route 72 approximately
1 1/3 mile southeast of the intersection of Route 532 and Route 72.
Previously, Crawley Road bisected the site and denoted the border between tax
block 5501, lot 15 and tax block 6301, lot 1. Currently, Crawley Road is
diverted around the fenced portion of the site. Pope Branch, an intermittent
stream, is located approximately 500 feet to the north and 1,000 feet west of
the site. The site is situated in the Pineland Preservation Area District. A
"special agricultural area" with active commercial cranberry bogs is located
approximately 1/2 mile northwest of the site.
A 1951 aerial photograph of the site illustrates conditions prior to the
waste disposal operation. Some development including probable concrete pads,
possible basement space, a utility building and sidewalk were observed.
Dumping began between 1951 and 1956 and continued until 1962.
The site was uncontrolled between 1962 and 1986. In 1986, PRPs
constructed a security fence to restrict site access.
The NJDEPE was advised of environmental problems at the site by the
Burlington County Health Department in April 1979. The NJDEPE conveyed the
information to the EPA. The Woodland Township/Route 72 site was placed on the
NPL during September, 1983.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
The RI for the site identified contamination of the surface and
subsurface soils as well as groundwater (ROD Summary 1990). The groundwater
contaminant plume originating at the Route 72 site is located at a depth
between 70 feet and 120 feet and is moving in a southwesterly direction at a
rate of 1.2 feet per day. The plume is approximately 9,000 feet in length,
1,000 to 2,000 feet in width (Woodlands Private Study Group, 1992). Figure 6A
illustrates the extent of the Route 72 contaminated groundwater plume. The
area of the site and plume constitute the study area for this investigation.
Additionally, in case the one treatment plant option for this and the previous
site is pursued, a proposed connection area along Routes 532 and 72 between
the two Woodland sites was included in the study area.
-------
The proposed remedial action for surface materials at the site is the
removal of these materials and disposing of them at an acceptable, off-site
facility. The contaminated subsurface soils will be the subject of a future
study and remedial action.
The proposed groundwater remedial action involves the installation of a
groundwater recovery and treatment system consisting of air stripping, metals
removal, biological treatment, and advanced oxidation or carbon adsorption.
The treated groundwater would be discharged immediately upgradient of the
disposal areas via re-injection wells or infiltration basins. Pumping and
treatment of the groundwater would proceed until the remedial goals for the
aquifer are met, which is expected to take approximately 30 years.
As per conversations with the NJDEPE site managers, Gwen Burranus and
Steve McGregor, impacts of the proposed groundwater recovery and treatment
system have not yet been fully analyzed. Additionally, the types and location
of proposed support facilities have not been determined.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFHS NMI Mapping
According to the NWI mapping (USFWS, Woodmansie Quadrangle, 1977), no
wetlands occur within the site (Figure 6B). The study area is mapped as a
mosaic of wetlands and uplands. Palustrine forested wetlands characterized by
needle-leaved evergreen species (PF04) are mapped associated with Shoal Branch
and Pope Branch. The remaining wetlands mapped within the study area
include: palustrine forested wetlands characterized by broad-leaved deciduous
species (PF01); palustrine forested wetlands characterized by both
needle-leaved evergreen and broad-leaved deciduous species (PF04/1);
palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands characterized by both needle-leaved evergreen
and broad-leaved deciduous species (PSS4/1, PSS1/4); and palustrine open water
wetlands (POW).
b- SCS Soils Mapping
The soils mapping prepared by the SCS in the Burlington County Soil
Survey (1971) identifies one land type on-site and four soil series and one
-33-
-------
2 A
128
PS f
)B€04/l
-130
©*
For
iS7/f ^yifs^i/r
FICURE 6B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 72 SITE
554/) c
PFOt/4
STUDY AREA
SOURg: USFWS; WOODMANSE, hffW JERSEY QUAD; 1977
o
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-34-
-------
land type (Muck.) within the study area (Figure 6C). On-site soils are mapped
as Made Land, sanitary fill. This land type consists of areas used for
disposal and then covered by soil.
The remaining portion of the study area includes the mapped Lakewood,
Woodmansie, Lakehurst, Atsion series and the land type, Muck. The Atsion
series is poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at one foot and Muck
soils are very poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at the
surface. The Atsion and Muck soils are classified as hydric soils by the
National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (1987).
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The maps of pine barrens vegetation prepared by McCormick and Jones
(1973) identify the site and a portion of the study area as pine-oak forest
(PO), an upland community (Figure 6D). The remainder of the study area is
mapped as wetland communities including pitch-pine lowland forest (PPLL),
hardwood swamp forest (HDW) and cedar swamp forest (C).
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studieis
A preliminary environmental assessment of the impacts of the proposed
remediation plan has been conducted (ASGEC, 1992). The limits of the project
area investigated were defined by the areas of proposed disturbance, the areas
between the proposed roads and pipelines, the proposed treatment plant
area(s); plus a 300-foot buffer extending out from potential areas of
construction activities. This project area included the site and the
groundwater contamination plume. Threatened and endangered plants were
sought; however, no methodology is presented. Swamp pink and Knieskern1s
beaked-rush were not identified.
In 1990, Wander Ecological consultants conducted an ecological assessment
of the area immediatedly outside of the fenced site.perimeter. No federally
threatened or endangered species of flora or fauna were observed.
D. Chemsol Inc.
1. Site Description and History
The Chemsol site is a 40-acre parcel of land known as tax block 229A,
lots 1-A and 1-B, located in the Township of Piscataway, Middlesex County, New
-------
<8
STUDY AREA
/ WeB
W«8-
At: Atsion sand
LaA: lakehursl sand
LIB: Iakewond sand
Mg: Made land, sanitary fill
Mu: Muck, shallow
WeB: Woodmansie sand
FIGURE 6C: SCS SOLS MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 72 SITE
SOURCE: SCS, BURUNGTON COUNTY SURVEY, 1971, SHEETS 65, 66, 72, 73
©
SCALE: 1* = 1320'
EcolSclences, Inc.
-------
\P0 - IpPLL/ '
PO '^b-'unvjr-—
HDW K
STUDY AREA
po / mi
n S\s
FIGURE 6D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
WOODLAND - ROUTE 72 SITE
SOURCE: McCORMICK & JONES, 1973 SHEET 28
Zk$mj---T7rS-
C: Cedar swamp forest
HDW: Hardwood swamp forest
PO: Mne-oak forest
PPLL: Pitch pine lowland forest
©
SCALE: 1* = 4000*
EcolSciences, Inc.
-37-
-------
Jersey (Figure 7A). The site is located within a developed landscape and
surrounded by a mix of commercial, industrial and residential areas. A
Reading Railroad right-of-way is adjacent to the site's southern boundary.
The western half of the site contains three razed concrete foundations
representing the remnants of the Chemsol solvent recovery and waste
reprocessing facility. The eastern half of the site is undeveloped.
According to the FFS (1991), three tributaries to Bound Brook are located
within the site.
In the 1950's and I960's, the Chemsol site was occupied by a chemical
reprocessing firm known at various times as Chemsol Corporation and Chemsol,
Inc. Operations at the site included solvent recovery and waste
reprocessing. The owner was ordered by the Township to cease operations in
1964. The plant was dismantled the following year (1965) and operation
ceased. In September 1983, the site was placed on the NPL.
Numerous site investigations have been conducted on behalf of the site
owners, under ACOs by the NJDEPE. Organic and inorganic compounds have been
detected in the site soil and groundwater. Furthermore, sampling of private
(residential) wells, located downgradient of the site indicated the presence
of organic contaminants in these wells.
Based on the hydrogeologic tests conducted pursuant to the FFS (1991),
two water-bearing zones have been identified: a perched water zone in the
overburden and a water table in the bedrock zone. Volatile organic compounds,
semivolatile organic compounds, inorganic compounds, and pesticides were
detected in both the perched zone and the water table (bedrock) zone.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
A remedial plan has been proposed for the purpose of preventing further
migration of site-related contaminated groundwater in the perched and shallow
bedrock water bearing zones.
The major components of the remedial action include the following:
-------
FIGURE 7A: SITE LOCATION
, CHEMSOL, INC.
BOTH SUE AND STUDY AREA
INDICATED BY SHADING
SOURCE: USGS; PIAINFELD, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1981
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-39-
-------
o Installation of a groundwater collection and extraction system for
removal of contaminated groundwater from the perched zone and upper
bedrock aquifer;
o Installation of an on-site treatment plant to treat the groundwater;
and
o Disposal of the treated groundwater in an on-site surface water
body.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFNS NWI Mapping
The USFWS NWI mapping (USFHS, Plainfield Quadrangle, 1976) shows
palustrine forested wetlands characterized by broad-leaved deciduous species
(PF01) in the north-central and northeastern parts of the site (Figure 7B).
b. SCS Soils Mapping
According to the Middlesex County Soil Survey (1987) prepared by the SCS,
three soil series and two soil complexes are mapped on-site (Figure 7C). The
soil series include the Dunellen variant, the Ellington variant and Parsippany
soils. The soil complexes are Klinesvilie-Urban Land and Reavilie-Urban
Land. The Parsippany series is mapped in association with the drainage
features in the undeveloped portions of the site. This series is poorly
drained, with a seasonal high water table from 0-1 foot. Outside of the
drainages in the southern half of the site, the soil complexes are mapped.
These other mapping units are not classified as hydric soils. The Parsippany
series is classified as a hydric soil by the National Technical Commmittee for
Hydric SoiIs (1987).
c. NJDEPE Wetlands Mapping
According to the wetlands mapping prepared by the NJDEPE (Map Nos. 0611
and 0613), all of the undeveloped portions of the site consist of wetlands.
The forested areas are mapped as palustrine forested wetlands characterized by
broad-leaved deciduous species (PF01C). The "C" is a hydrology modifier and
refers to a seasonally wet wetland. The undeveloped portions of the property
that are not forested are mapped as palustrine emergent wetlands characterized
by persistent species (PEM1B). The "B" refers to a hydrological regime
characterized by soil saturation, but surface water is seldom present.
-------
FIGURE 7B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
CHEMSOL, INC. SITE
SOURCE: USFWS; PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1976
©
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc
-41-
-------
-rc\
FIGURE 7C: SCS SOILS MAPPING
CHEMSOL, INC. SITE
SOURCE: SCS, MIDDLESEX COUNTY SURVEY, 1987, SHEETS 2 & 6
y ' DvA: Dune)ten Variant sandy loam
EoA: Ellington Variant sandy loam
ESA: Ellington Variant-Urban land complex
KWB: Klinesville-Urban land complex
Pa: Parsippany silt loam
* UFA: ReavHJe-Urban land complex
I
N
SCALE: 1" = 1660'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-42-
-------
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
The ROD (1991) and FFS (1991) prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc., both
identify a marshy area on-site that may be classified as wetlands. No other
environmental studies appear to have been conducted on this site; therefore,
no site-specific vegetation or threatened and endangered species data is
available.
E. Evor Phillips Leasing
1. Site Description and History
The Evor Phillips Leasing Site consists of a 5.77* acre triangular
shaped parcel located in Old Bridge Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey.
The site is largely developed, including buildings and structures previously
utilized for industrial waste treatment facilities, oil recovery operations
and silver reclamation business. The site is bordered to the north by
Bordentown Road, to the northwest and south by active railroad sidings serving
adjacent industries, and to the northeast by a service road connecting
Bordentown Avenue with Old Water Works Road. The southwestern end of the site
narrows in size as a result of the convergence of the railroad tracks
northwest and southwest of the site (Figure 8A).
The area surrounding the site is largely industrial. Due to the extent
of surrounding development, rail lines and roadways, a surficial hydrologic
connection between the site and off-site waters does not exist (Robinson,
personal communication, 1992). In the early 1970's, drummed and bulk liquid
wastes were allegedly disposed of in a ravine and in pits at the western end
of the site. Silver and cyanide contaminated wastewaters were also reportedly
discharged directly onto the ground. The primary public health concern
related to the site is the potential contamination of area groundwater, which
is used for the municipal potable water. Soil contamination, buried
drums/waste, underground storage tanks, and the potential for explosive
materials on the site are also significant site concerns. The Evor Phillips
site was added to the NPL in September 1983.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
A ROD for remedial action at the Evor Phillips Leasing Site has not been
approved, however, all remedial activities are anticipated to occur within the
boundaries of the property (Robinson, personal communication, 1992).
-------
•' Mci
'f&r
~b&
6 **•-¦*
^y.Wr-:. - v •
&
) / '* -J, r"*t-'?^?
'/ "l< /-. ,•"
<¦/¦?&¦
u#Jt3s>Wr:_
,.vi-f7J^'.-.
-------
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. National Wetlands Inventory Mapping
The NWI mapping (USFWS, South Amboy Quadrangle, 1976) does not identify
wetlands as occurring within the site (Figure 8B). The nearest mapped
wetlands exist south of Old Water Works Road, greater than 250 feet from the
site, in association with an unnamed tributary of Tennent Pond Brook. The
wetlands mapped in association with the unnamed tributary and their distance
from the Evor Phillips Leasing site are: palustrine emergent-open water
(PEM/OW) - 250 feet; palustrine forested broad-leaved deciduous wetland (PF01)
- 700 feet; palustrine scrub/shrub wetland (PSS1) - 950 feet; palustrine
deciduous forested/scrub-shrub wetland (PF0/SS1) - 1900 feet; and palustrine
deciduous and evergreen forested wetlands (PF01/4) - 2000 feet. The PF0/SS1,
PF01 and PF01/4 mapping units are largely upstream of the Evor Phillips
Leasing site.
b. SCS Soils Mapping
In the Middlesex County Soil Survey (1987), the SCS has mapped two soil
series, Atsion (At) and Evesboro (EvB) and one mapping unit, Psamments (PN)
on-site (Figure 8C). Only the Atsion soils, mapped in a small area within the
central portion of the site, are classified as ,hydric (NTCHS, 1987). Atsion
soils are sandy and poorly drained occurring along drainageways, in basins and
in low-lying flats. The seasonal high water table is close to the surface
during the winter and spring and is at a depth of 2 to 4 feet during the
summer.
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The pine barrens vegetation mapping prepared by McCormick and Jones
(1973) does not identify the site as a pine barrens community or wetland
(Figure 8D). However, non-pine barrens forest (NPB) and hardwood swamp (HDW)
communities have been mapped to the north, west and south of the site.
Wetland communities designated as hardwood swamp are mapped to the west and
south of the site, across Bordentown Road and Old Water Works Road,
respectively.
-------
FIGURE 8B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
EVOR PHILLIPS LEASING CO. SITE
SOURCE: USFWS; SOUTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1976
©
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-46-
-------
-W*A
water
^lunyon
FIGURE 8C SCS SOILS MAPPINC
EVOR PHILLIPS LEASINC CO. SITE
At: AtMon sand
EvB: Evesboro sand
PN: Psa fitments, nearly level
SOURCE. SCS, MIDDLESEX COUNTY SURVEY, 1987, SHEET 15
©
btALt: T = 1660'
EcolSciencea. Inr
J
-47-
-------
mdw
FIGURE 8D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
EVOR PHILLIPS LEASING-CO. SITE
SOURCE. MeCQRMICK & JONES, 1973, SHEET 2
-48-
t
©
SCALE: 1* = 4000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
A feasibility study for the site prepared in January, 1992 by TRC
Environmental Consultants, Inc. indicated that no federally threatened or
endangered species or wetlands were identified within site, although wetlands
were noted south of Old Water Works Road.
F. Ewan Property
1. Site Description and History
The Ewan property consists of a 43-acre parcel of land known as tax block
23.01, lots 32.01 and 32.02 located in Shamong Township, Burlington County,
New Jersey (Figure 9A). The site is located 4,000 feet south of Tuckerton
Road and 1,000 feet east-northeast of Indian Mills Lake. The surrounding area
is primarily agricultural and single-family residential. A single-family
residential subdivision is currently being developed northeast of the site.
The site is located outside of the New Jersey Pinelands Preservation Area.
The site is primarily wooded except for the unimproved roadways which enter
the site from Tuckerton Road. An unnamed tributary of Springers Brook crosses
the property from northeast to southeast. Springers Brook is within the
Mullica River watershed.
From 1974 to 1975, a nine-acre area in the southern corner of the site
was utilized by the property owner for waste disposal. The waste disposal
procedure was to excavate one trench per truckload of drummed waste.
Groundwater contaminants identified by the NJDEP in 1983 included volatile
organics, solvents and the metals, arsenic, chromium and lead. The site was
formally added to the NPL in June, 1986.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
The site remediation has been divided into two operable units. Operable
unit one was to address the treatment of 4,500 cubic yards of source waste.
Operable unit two addresses the remediation of remaining contaminated soils
and groundwater. A groundwater plume, approximately 760 feet long, 600 feet
wide and 30, feet deep was identified along the site's southeastern boundary
(USEPA, 1989).
-------
RK:
Bozaflh
j
ranberry
Bog
rOnejital
STUDY
AREA
Cranberry
Cranberry
Bog
Cranberry
\ Bog
Cranbefciy
f S H. >¦' \\
X " %-
-f t K
/ Lt~^Cranber*yf v,' *„
-Jl*
ty Botif
.
I
N
FIGURE 9A: SITE LOCATION
EWAN PROPERTY
SOURCE: USGS; INDIAN MILLS, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1972
o
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-50-
-------
PFOI/4
STUDY AREA
FIGURE 9B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
EWAN PROPERTY SITE
-
SCALE: T = 2000'
SOURCE: USFWS; INDIAN MH.LS, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1975
EcolSciences, Inc
-51-
-------
Due to problems with access into the site, removal of the source waste
(operable unit one) and intiation of the remedial activities have not yet been
intiated (Rosoff, personal communication, 1992).
The proposed remediation for the site, per operable unit two, includes:
o Excavation and treatment, via solvent extraction and soil washing, of
residually contaminated soils, followed by placement of the treated
soils back into the site;
o Collection and treatment of the contaminated groundwater, and
re-injection of the treated groundwater into the underlying aquifer;
o Recontouring and restoration of the disposal area; and
o Appropriate environmental monitoring to ensure the effectiveness
of the remedy.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFHS NHI Mapping
The NWI wetlands mapping (Indian Mills, New Jersey Quadrangle, 1975)
identifies palustrine forested broad-leaved deciduous/needle leaved evergreen
(PF01/4) wetlands occurring in the southern half of the site (Figure 9B). The
area where dumping has occurred is indicated as an isolated upland island
completely surrounded by palustrine forested (PF01/4, PF04/1 and PF01) and
palustrine forested/scrub-shrub (PF01/SS) wetlands.
b. SCS Soils Mapping
According to the Burlington County Soil Survey (SCS, 1971) three soil
types occur within the site and study area; Alluvial land, sandy (Ap),
Fal1 sington fine sandy loam (Fa) and Woodstown fine sandy loam (WmA) (Figure
9C). Alluvial land, due to its variability, has not been classified as a
hydric soil by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils or as a
hydric soil in New Jersey (Tiner, 1985), In Burlington County this land type
consists of nearly level soils associated with large meandering perennial
streams in the outer coastal plain. Flooding and a seasonal high water table
near the surface is common in these soils. Fall sington soils are nearly
level, poorly drained soils formed in water-deposited sediments in low
positions. These soils have been classified as hydric by the National
Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (1987).
-------
¦ WmV
Oriental
-SgA
DoB
* / 1/
/r*f Jfj
[DbCjf
kk',. .'
•rF'sj
v*^s
ifi&i
DoB
J53+-AH-:
I ^ V J~ji [: SgA
n. v «
P* '¦*»
L'l
-vlwwfN
SgA
k
||S
S§&$?S
c\ *V ii'3p
' *0
59y*-
*¦ *-
_ ;*v
¦%
\5\ -:k -r J^^^SSS
'/vw&mmm
WkA
IWmA
v.^^7
Vj
y }
•j / y
-rt'.
STUDY AREA
Sk".
Kft> . '*£•
>X i
iT' ' */v> DoB
"" ji/ .«tV
Oo
SgA
>wm
tin-***
WmA
X"°i£^mR&hS^i ^v»jr5r/sfe.
#llp£
• • * »-* * -»."ii 1 1 a
$
vSi-'
SP&
-!•'-; Yti&fAr'-t; am
Li>Jf ^t\7^L«™
1 Q\i
WmA
tf/VTnS «'••-«¦
WS5*
FIGURE 9C: SCS SOILS MAPPING
EWAN PROPERTY SITE
Ap: Alluvial land, sandy
Fa: Fallsington fine sandy loam
WmA: Woodstown fine sandy loam
SOURCE: SCS, BURLINGTON COUNTY SURVEY, 1971, Sh€ET 69
SCALE: 1' = 1320'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-53-
-------
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The pine barrens vegetation and geography maps (McCormick and Jones 1973)
identify most of the site and proposed access way as oak-pine (OP) forest type
(Figure 9D). The southern quarter of the site along the tributary to
Springers Brook is identified as hardwood swamp forest (HDH).
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
The Engineer's report for the Ewan property (McLaren/Hart Environmental
Engineering Corp., September 1990) indicates that a wetland delineation and
ecological assessment, including identification of endangered species of flora
and fauna, would be included in the technical Scope of Work for the site. The
endangered species study has not yet been initiated. Additionally, the ROD
for the site recommends a wetland assessment which includes delineating
wetlands. A series of maps prepared by McLaren/Hart dated October 15, 1990,
that appear to be part of an application to the Pinelands Commission, indicate
that wetlands were identified and surveyed within the site. A plan dated May
11, 1992, prepared by James C. Anderson Associates, Inc. and entitled "Plan
Showing Location of Access Road", indicates a delineated wetland area adjacent
to the proposed access road. Discussions with the RPM for the site indicate
that a wetland delineation was conducted for the access road, however,
accompanying reports had not yet been completed. In addition to the wetland
report, a swamp pink survey was to be conducted along the proposed access
roadway (Rosoff, personal communication, 1992).
G. Ciba-Geigv
1. Site Description and History
The Ciba-Geigy site is an approximately 1,400^ acre site located
primarily in Dover Township, Ocean County, New Jersey (Figure 10A). The site
is bordered by the Toms River to the east, an industrial park to the west and
residential development to the north and south. Three hundred and twenty
acres of the site are developed with facilities associated with Ciba-Geigy's
production of -epoxy resins, dyes, synthetic pigments and other specialty
chemicals. Some of the operations and facilities have been recently shut down
or demolished. The remainder of the site is predominantly wooded.
-------
%
¥
STUDY AREA
FIGURE 9D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
EWAN PROPERTY SITE
SOURCE: McCORMKIK & jONES, 1973. SHEET 26
-55-
HDW: Hardwood swamp forest
_OP: Oak-pine forest
©
SCALE: 1" = 4000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
FIGURE 10A: SITE LOCATION
CIBA-GIECY
SOURCE: USGS; KESWICK GROVE, LAKEHURST/ LAKE WOOD,
TOMS RIVER QUADS; 1971/1989
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-56-
-------
From the 1950's through the 1970's, . Ciba-Geigy disposed of solid and
liquid process waste into several known or suspected disposal areas.
Additionally, an old wastewater treatment plant discharged directly into the
Toms River. The Draft Work Plan Remedial Action/Feasibility Study for the
site concluded that contaminants from the site have contaminated the Upper
Sands aquifer and that a large plume is migrating off-site towards and into
the Toms River (DM Federal Programs Corporation, 1991). The site was proposed
for the NPL List in 1982.
The study area for the Ciba-Geigy site was expanded to include the
floodplain wetlands of the Toms River south of Oak Ridge Parkway. This
included a band of wetlands up to 300 feet east of the eastern bank of the
River (Cipoff, 1992). The study area extended southward into Winding River
Park to the southern extent of the predicted "Zone of Capture" (Ekenfelder
Inc.).
2. Proposed Remedial Action
According to the ROD for the site, the first operable unit on the
Ciba-Geigy site involves the groundwater contamination. The second unit will
address source area remediation, but action is not proposed in the near future.
Under the first operable unit of the remediation plan, the following
actions are proposed:
o Sealing of contaminated residential wells in the Cardinal Drive area
to prevent human exposure to contaminated groundwater;
o Installation of an extraction well system on-and off-site to stop
migration of contaminated groundwater at the property line and
capture the contaminated groundwater in the off-site areas;
o After extraction, treatment of the contaminated groundwater
separately from the process wastewater in an upgraded existing
Ciba-Geigy wastewater treatment plant. The contaminated groundwater
will be treated to the discharge levels as specified by the NJDEPE
for discharge to the Toms River;
o After treatment, the groundwater will be retained in basins to allow
monitoring of residual contaminant levels prior to discharge through
a pipeline to the Toms River; and
-------
o Monitoring of the Toms River to determine current water quality
upstream, downstream and adjacent to the site. Monitoring will
continue during the implementation of the remedial action to evaluate
the effects of the extraction system and river discharge
over time.
To date, sealing of residential wells is nearly completed. Currently,
Ciba-Geigy is pumping and treating 500,000 gallons of contaminated groundwater
per day. Additionally, recharge is no longer proposed directly to the Toms
River but will be discharged on-site to underlying groundwater aquifers.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFMS NHI Mapping
The NWI mapping (Keswick. Grove, Lakehurst, Lakewood and Toms River, New
Jersey Quadrangles, 1977) for the site and study area primarily identify
palustrine forested, broad-leaved deciduous wetlands (PF01) along the site's
eastern boundary in association with the floodplain of the Toms River.
Additionally, a number of palustrine open water wetlands (POW) are identified
within the developed portion of the site. These areas appear to correspond to
the on-site lagoons and disposal areas (Figure 10B).
b. SCS Soil Survey
The Ocean County Soil Survey (1980) identifies eight soil series and two
land types within the study area (Figure IOC): Berryland sand (Bf), Downer
loamy sand (DoA), Dover sandy loam (DpB), Evesboro sand (EvB, EvC), Lakehurst
sand (LhA), Lakewood sand (LwB), Manahawkin muck (Ma), Pits, sand and gravel
(Pn) and Urban land (UL). Berryland sand and Manahawkin Muck, identified in
limited areas along the Toms River floodplain have been classified as hydric
by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (1987).
Berryland soils are deep, very poorly drained soils located on the edge
of marshes and large perennial streams subject to frequent flooding.
Manahawkin mucks are nearly level, very poorly drained soils located in wide
depressional areas and on broad flats. These soils have a seasonal high water
table at the surface for most of the year and are subject to frequent flooding.
-------
-A
••• i , i
^ -r- • t7o :Pino LakdWiStOW
~ . j M ANC'H E-s't"
LJ
POV^
STUDY AREA
' > I
Ptf01/4
¥¦
R^DW
^ow
L
^9
PF0\/4 * *
PF04 " V
R^OW
?£»/>o
f.
FIGURE 10B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
CIBA-GIEGY SITE
SOURCE: USFWS; KESWICK GROVE, LAKEHURST, LAKEWOOD,
TOMS RIVER QUADS; 1977
SCALE: 1' = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-59-
-------
K: Serryland sand, frequently flooded
Do A: Downer loamy sand
Dpi: DowMf sandy loam
tvS, t*C: (mbofo Mud
INA; Lakehurst sand
IwS: take wood sand
Ma: Manattawki* muck
fm: fits, sand and gravel
Ul: Urban land
I" WfJ-JrS1 3*k
• Pane
PJ
ti»n^
STUDY AREA
Dro .7
J
Holiday CHy^
&«flt*tiry fin*
I
FIGURE 10C: SCS SOILS MAPPING
CIBA-GIECY SITE
SCALE: f = 1660'
SOURCE: SCS, OCEAN COUNTY SURVEY, 1980, SHEET 25
EcolSclences, Inc.
-------
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Happing
The pine barrens vegetation and geography maps (McCormick and Jones,
1975) identify most of site as pine-oak upland forest (PO) (Figure 10D).
However, the floodplain of the Toms River has been identified as hardwood
swamp forest (HDW). This includes most of the study area located south of the
site.
d- New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Mapping
According to the New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Map for the site (NJDEPE,
Toms River, NW, Sheet 110-1), several wetland communities were identified.
Along the Toms River floodplain these communities include palustrine
scrub/shrub wetlands (PSS1B), palustrine forested broad-leaved deciduous/
needle-leaved evergreen wetlands (PF01/4C) and palustrine forested needle-
leaved evergreen/broad-leaved deciduous wetlands (PF04/1C). Within the
developed portions of the site, a small palustrine scrub/shrub wetland was
identified near one of the existing buildings. The "B" and "C" are
hydrological modifiers referring to saturation hydrology with infrequent
standing water and seasonal wetness respectively. Additionally, the on-site
lagoons and seepage fields were identified as palustrine open waters (POWHh).
The "H" refers to a permanent water regime and the "h" to a diked/impounded
situation.
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
The Draft Work Plan RI/FS addendum (CDM Federal Programs Corporation,
March 1991) for the Ciba-Geigy site does not make reference to the natural
environmental conditions of the site. However, in 1990, Normandeau Associates
conducted a wetland investigation of the Ciba-Geigy site in preparation for a
Letter of Interpretation application to the NJDEPE. Additionally, Normandeau
Associates prepared a report <1991, revised 1992) entitled "A Survey of
Wetlands Within the Toms River Corridor from the Manchester Township Line to
Route 37". This report included the Ciba-Geigy site and study area along the
Toms River floodplain. This study mapped wetlands and characterized wetland
communities Jsy aerial photography interpretation and limited ground-truthing.
The study identified four wetland communities within the Toms River floodplain
study area: palustrine scrub/shrub wetlands (PSS1), palustrine forested
needle-leaved evergreen wetlands (PF04), palustrine forested broad-leaved
-------
IGURE10D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
OBA-CIEGY SITE
SOURCE: McCORMICK & JONES, 1973, SHEETS 13, 14, 20, 21
PO: Pine-oak forest
HDW: Hardwood swamp forest
©
SCALE: T = 4000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-62-
-------
deciduous wetlands (PF01) and palustrine forested broad-leaved deciduous/
needle-leaved evergreen wetlands (PF01/4).
The dominate wetland community was PF01. Typical species identified
included: red maple, black gum, sweetgum and river birch. Associate species
included Atlantic white cedar, sweetbay magnolia, hi ghbush blueberry,
inkberry, pitch pine and sweet pepperbush.
The PF04 communities were limited to small areas on slightly higher
elevations within the study area. Pitch pine was the dominant species in
association with Atlantic white cedar and red maple. Associated species
included highbush blueberry, inkberry, and sweet pepperbush.
These two communities tended to overlap above the annual floodplain
(PF01/4). The dominant species were pitch pine and red maple. The previously
listed associate species were also identified with this community.
The palustrine scrub-shrub (PSS1) community was limited to the eastern-
most portion of the Normandeau study area (east of the Toms River). This area
is outside of the study area for this investigation.
H. Lana Property
I. Site Description and History
The Lang Property site consists of a 40-acre site located in Pemberton
Township, Burlington County, New Jersey (Figure 11A). The site is located
north of the unimproved North Branch Road (City Line Road). Surrounding land
is undeveloped, with many areas supporting actively cultivated blueberry and
cranberry fields. The site is in close proximity to Lebanon State Forest and
is located within the Pinelands National Reserve. Specifically, the site is
located within the Pinelands Preservation Area District and the Central Pine
Barrens Water Quality Critical Area, The site consists primarily of blueberry
fields which are no longer cultivated or maintained. Numerous drainage
ditches traverse the site. An unnamed tributary to Baffin Brook is located
along the site's north and northeastern boundary, Baffin Brook is within the
Rancocas Creek watershed.
-------
Z~~~ti6ao
Cranbctiy »
, i Bop
Cranbcrrj
Upton
STUDY AREA
PENN
\
FIGURE 11 A: SITE LOCATION
i
N
LANG PROPERTY
SOURCE: USCS; BROWNS MULS/WhBTINC, NEW JERSEY QUy\DS, 1971
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-64-
-------
In 1975, 1200-1500°drums containing chemical wastes were discovered in a
two-acre portion of the site, located at the end of an unimproved road which
enters the property from the south and ends near the site's eastern boundary.
Although the drums were removed, their contents were spilled onto the ground
prior to their removal. Contamination of the site appears to be a result of
the spilled material. This contamination includes surficial soils (to a depth
of twenty feet), surface waters, sediment samples within the disposal area and
shallow groundwater (not below 30 feet). Contaminants include volatile
organic compounds and metals. Contaminated ground water does not appear to
have migrated more than 300 to 500 feet from the disposal area. The Lang site
was placed on the NPL in December 1982.
2. Proposed Remedial Action
The selected remedial action for the site includes the following (USEPA
1986):
o Excavation of approximately 6500 cubic yards of contaminated soils
and waste materials and disposal at an approved off-site landfill
facility;
o Extraction and on-site treatment of contaminated groundwater, with
reinjection of treated water;
o Restoration of the excavated area by filling and grading, including
the removal of surface debris as necessary;
o Installation of a security fence to restrict site access; and
o Appropriate environmental monitoring to ensure the effectiveness
of the remedial action.
3. Existing Mapping of Environmental Conditions
a. USFHS NNI Happing
The NNI mapping (Browns Mills and Whiting, New Jersey Quadrangle, 1977),
identify the northern half of the parcel as palustrine forested, broad-leaved
deciduous/needle-leaved evergreen (PF01/4) wetlands (Figure 11B). This
includes the western boundary of the site in the vicinity of the proposed
remedial action.
-65-
-------
FIGURE 11B: USFWS NWI MAPPING
LANG PROPERTY SITE -
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
OURCE: USFWS; BROWNS MILLS/WHITING, NEW JERSEY QUADS; 1977
-66-
-------
b. SCS Soils Mapping
The Sol 1 Survey for Burlington County (SCS, 1971) indicates that Atsion
sand (At), Berryland mucky sand (Bu), and Muck (Mu) are the primary soils
mapped within the site (Figure 11C). A small area of Lakehurst sand (LIA) is
mapped in the site's southeastern corner. The Atsion, Berryland and Muck
soils have been classified as hydric by the National Technical Committee for
Hydric Soils.
Atsion soils are poorly drained, sandy soils that form on the borders of
swamps and bottoms of depressions in the outer coastal plain. Berryland mucky
sands are very poorly drained soils occuring along marsh and swamp borders.
Typically, a high percentage of organic material is found in the upper 6 to 12
inches of the profile. Muck consists of approximately two feet of finely
decomposed, saturated organic material formed along the headwaters of streams
or in areas of slow-moving streams.
c. Pine Barrens Vegetation Mapping
The pine barrens vegetation and geography maps (McCormick & Jones, 1973)
identify the entire site as wetlands communities (Figure 11D). The northern
portion of the site is identified as cedar swamp forest (C) in association
with pitch pine lowland forest (PPLL). The southern portion of the site is
classified as small ponds or inland marsh (BOG), probably referring to the
site's historical use as a blueberry farm.
4. Previous On-site Habitat Studies
Available reports do not reference particular on-site vegetative
communities, wetlands, or the potential for threatened and endangered species
(ROD 1986, Radian 1991). However, discussions with the RPM for the site
(Frigerio, personal communication, 1992) indicate that a small ditch had been
filled during the excavations already conducted on the site. Additionally,
she noted an additional ditcti located north of the remediation area.
-------
IGURE 11C: SCS SOILS MAPPING
LANG PROPERTY SITE
At: At woo sand
Bu : BerryUnd mucky sand
LlA: Lakehurst sand, thick surface
Mu: Muck, shadow
SOURCE: SCS, BURLINGTON COUNTY SURVEY, 1971, SHEET 42
SCALE: 1" = 1320*
EcolSciences, Inc.
-68-
-------
FIGURE 11 D: PINE BARRENS MAPPING
C: Cedar swamp forest
BOC: Small pond or inland marsh
LANG PROPERTY SITE
""
SCALE: 1" = 4000'
SOURCE: McCORMICK & jONES, 1973, SHEETS 18 & 19
EcolSclences, Inc.
-69-
—
-------
IV. FIELD SURVEY RATIONALE
In this section the information on the habitat requirements for swamp
pink and Knleskern's beaked-rush are compared to existing habitats mapped for
the NPL sites. Based upon the presence of suitable habitat and documented
locations for these species, a recommendation is made concerning the necessity
of conducting a field survey of the site. Table 3 summarizes the results of
the site review process.
A. Wilson Farm
1. Swamp Pi nk
a. Habitat Comparison
The Wilson Farm site includes forested wetland habitat that is
appropriate for swamp pink.. Forested wetlands and hydric soils are mapped
along the site's western boundary. In addition, vegetative associates of
swamp pink were noted in these wetlands in the RI/FS (Acres 1991).
b. Existing Records
In their Section 7 consultation letter, the USFWS noted that swamp pink
has been documented within five miles of the Wilson Farm NPL site. They
further suggest that, if any site remedial action includes disturbance to
wetlands, the presence or absence of swamp pink, on the site should be clearly
verified and documented. In addition, the NJDEPE Natural Heritage Program
database has records for swamp pink identified as being on, or in the
immediate vicinity of this site.
c. Recommendation
Based upon the presence of appropriate habitat on-site, the existence of
documented records for swamp pink in this area, and the potential that
remedial activities may have an impact on the identified wetlands, a field
survey of appropriate habitat for swamp pink on this site was recommended.
B. Woodland Township/Route 532
1. Swamp pj nk
a. Habitat Comparison
The forested wetlands that are the..preferred habitat for swamp pink have
been identified within the study area for this site. They are mapped within
-------
Table 3. Summary of Findings
USFUS
NWI
Wet Lands
SCS
Hydric
Soi Is
Pine Barrens
Mapping
New Jersey
Wetlands
Potential Habitat
Swamp
Pink
Knieskern's
Beaked-rush
Existing Records
Swamp Pink
Co Hun
Knieskern's
Beaked-rush
Co Hun
Field Survey
Yes No
WiIson Farm
Plumsted Twp.
Ocean County
Tom's River
Watershed
PF01,
PF04/1*
Berryland
sand
Hardwood
swamp oak-
pine forest
Yes
NE
Yes
Yes
Yes Yes
i
•»j
Woodland 532 PSS4/1 Atsion
Woodland Twp. PS04/1 sand,
Burlington Cty PSS4 Berryland
Wading River 11OU sand, muck
Watershed
Pine-oak
forest
pitch pine
lowland forest
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Woodland 72 PSS4/1 Atsion
Woodland Twp. POW sand,
Burlington Cty PF01 muck
Wading River PSS1/4
Watershed
Pine-oak
forest,
Hardwood swamp
forest, Cedar
swamp forest,
pitch pine
lowland forest
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
PEM1B No NE Yes No No No x
PF01C
Middlesex Cty
Raritan River
Watershed
Chemsol Inc. PF01 Parsippany
Piscataway Twp. silt loam
-------
Table 3 (continued).
USFUS
NU1
Wetlands
SCS
Hydric
Soi Is
Pine Barrens
Mapping
New Jersey
Wetlands
Evor Phillips
Old Bridge Tup.
Middlesex Cty
Raritan River
Watershed
PF01*
PEM*
Atsion
sand
Non pine
barren forest
Hardwood
swamp forest*.
i
ro
i
Ewan
Shamong Twp.
Burlington Cty
Mullica River
Watershed
Ciba-Geigv !
Dover Twp.
Ocean County
Toms River
Watershed
PF01/4
RF01,
POW,
PF01/4
Alluvial Oak-pine
land; forest
fallsington Hardwood
fine sand
Berryland
sand
Manahawkin
muck
swamp
Pine oak
forest
Hardwood
swamp forest
PSS1B
PF01/4C
PF04/1C
POWth
Una
Pemberton Twp.
Burlington Cty
Rancocas Creek
Watershed
PF01,
PF01/4
Atsion
sand;
Berryland
mucky sand
muck
Ponds or
inland
marshes;
Cedar swamp
forest type;
pitch pine
lowland forest
'Adjacent
NE = Not Evaluated
Co = County
Mun = Municipality
Existing Records
Potential Habitat Knieskern's
Swamp Knieskern's Swamp Pink Beaked-rush Field Survey
Pink Beaked-rush Co Mun Co Mun Yes No
No NE Yes No No No x
Yes NE Yes No Yes Yes x
Yes ? Yes No Yes No x
Yes
?
Yes Yes Yes No
x
-------
the contaminated groundwater plume to be remediated by installation of a
groundwater recovery and treatment system. In addition, vegetative associates
of swamp pink were Identified in these wetlands (ASGEC 1991).
b. Existing Records
The USFWS in their informal consultation letter dated May 8, 1992
(Appendix A) noted that there are documented sightings of swamp pink in the
vicinity of this site. They recommended that the area potentially affected by
the remediation plan (study area) be searched for swamp pink. The NJDEPE
i
Natural Heritage Program does not have any records for swamp pink within the
Goodwater Creek watershed.
c. Recommendation
Given the presence of appropriate habitat for swamp pink, the documented
records for it in this area and the potential for remedial actions to have an
impact on this species, if present, a field survey of appropriate habitat on
this site was recommended.
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush
a. Habitat Comparison
Appropriate habitat for Knieskern's beaked-rush may occur within the
study area. This species prefers wet, open, sparsely vegetated areas.
Appropriate habitat may exist at the western end of the study area along the
edges of the reservoir used to provide water for the adjacent cranberry
farms. In addition, vegetative associates of Knieskern's beaked-rush were
identified in these wetlands (ASGEC 1991).
b. Existing Records
The USFWS in their informal consultation letter dated May 8, 1992
(Appendix A) noted that there are documented sightings of Knieskern's
beaked-rush within 10 miles of the site. They recommended that the area
potentially affected by the remediation plan (study area) be searched for this
species. The NJDEPE Natural Heritage Program does not have any record for
Knieskern's beaked-rush within the Goodwater Creek watershed.
-------
c. Recommendation
Given the potential for appropriate habitat for Knieskern's beaked-rush,
the documented records for it in this area and the potential for remedial
actions to have an impact on this species, if present, a field survey of
appropriate habitat on this site was recommended.
C. Woodland Township/Route 72
1. Swamp pink
a. Habitat Comparison
Forested wetlands that are appropriate habitat for swamp pink have been
identified within the study area. Specifically, portions of the area of the
groundwater plume are mapped as forested wetlands. This area is to be
remediated by installation of a groundwater recovery and treatment system.
b. Existing Records
The USFWS in their informal consultation letter dated May 8, 1992
(Appendix A) noted that there are documented sightings of swamp pink in the
vicinity of this site. They recommended that the area potentially affected by
the remediation plan (study area) be searched for this species. The NJDEPE
Natural Heritage Program does not have any records for this species within the
Pope Branch watershed.
c. Recommendation
Given the presence of appropriate habitat for swamp pink, the documented
records for this species in this area and the potential for remedial actions
to have an impact on this species, if present, a field survey of appropriate
habitat on this site was recommended.
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush
a. Habitat Comparison
Edge areas around the mapped open water or relatively open areas within
the mapped scrub-shrub wetlands may provide the appropriate habitat for
Knieskern's beaked-rush.
-74-
-------
b. Existing Records
The USFWS In their informal consultation letter dated May 8, 1992
(Appendix A) noted that there are documented sightings of Knieskern's
beaked-rush within 10 miles of the site. They recommended that the area
potentially affected by the remediation plan (study area) be searched for this
species.
c. Recommendation
Given the presence of appropriate habitat for Knieskern's beaked rush,
the documented records for this species in this area and the potential for
remedial actions to have an impact on this species, if present, a field survey
of appropriate habitat on this site was recommended.
D. Evor Phillips Leasing
1. Swamp pi nk
a. Habitat Comparison
Appropriate habitat for swamp pink does not occur on-site. The site is
developed and wetlands have not been mapped within the property on the USFWS
NHI maps or the Pine Barrens Vegetation Geography maps. Additionally, TRC
Environmental Consultants, Inc. during an on-site feasibility study did not
identify wetlands within the property.
Downstream wetland communities, although possibly forested, would not be
impacted by remedial activities within the site. The site is hydrologically
isolated from surface water systems and on-site remediation will be confined
to within the site boundaries.
b. Existing Records
The NJDEPE Natural Heritage Program database does not have any records of
the species on the site or within the Tennent Pond Brook watershed. The USFWS
indicates a swamp-pink record within 10 miles of the site; however, the NJDEPE
and the Army Corps of Engineers have not identified Old Bridge Township as a
municipality with a documented record of swamp pink.
-75-
-------
c. Recommendation
Because no wetlands are mapped on-site, remedial actions will not have an
impact on wetlands. In addition, swamp pink has not been documented within
this municipality. Therefore, a field survey of this property was not
recommended.
E. Chemsol. Inc.
1. Swamp Pi nk
a. Habitat Comparison
Forested wetlands have been mapped within this site. These wetlands are
most likely not appropriate habitat for swamp pink due to the fact that this
community is mapped on a mineral hydric soil, the Parsippany series. Swamp
pink prefers highly organic muck soils.
b. Existing Records
The NJDEPE Natural Heritage Program database does not have any records of
the species on the site or within the Bound Brook watershed. The USFWS in
their consultation letter dated June 21, 1991 (Appendix A) indicates a swamp
pink record within 6 miles of the site. However, the Chemsol Inc. site
appears to be beyond the established range of swamp pink (Figure 1). The
USFWS record must be south of Piscataway within the known range of the
species. In addition, the NJDEPE and the Army Corps of Engineers have not
identified Piscataway Township as a municipality with a documented record of
swamp pink.
c. Recommendation
Forested wetlands are mapped on-site, however, based on characteristics
of the mapped hydric soil, this wetland is not typical of swamp pink habitat.
In addition, there are no existing records for swamp pink from this
municipality. Although swamp pink may occur within six miles of the site, it
is not known to occur in Piscataway Township. Based on these considerations,
a field survey of the Chemsol Inc. site was not recommended.
-------
F. Ewan Property
1. Swamp pink .
a. Habitat Comparison
The Ewan property is located within a sparsely populated area within the
New Jersey Central Pine Barrens. Based on the USFWS NWI; Pine Barrens
vegetation mapping; and SCS soils mapping; the site includes, and is adjacent
to, large areas of hardwood swamps. Wetland species associated with these
types of forested wetlands are common associates of swamp pink,
b. Existing Records
In Burlington County, historical records exist for Swamp Pink, although
within Shamong Township, no records are known. The USFWS in its consultation
letter dated March 29, 1991 indicates records for swamp pink within six miles
of the site. The NJDEPE Natural Heritage Program database does not have any
records for swamp pink within the watershed of Springers Brook.
c. Recommendation
Based upon presence of appropriate swamp pink habitat occurring on-site,
the existence of documented records for swamp pink within six miles of the
site and the potential for proposed remedial activities to effect wetlands, a
field study of the Ewan property was recommended.
G. Ciba-Geiov
1. Swamp Pi nk
a. Habitat Comparison
The representative species identified by Normandeau Associates within the
forested wetlands in the Ciba-Geigy study area are common associates of swamp
pink. Due to the large area of floodplain forested wetlands represented by
the Ciba-Geigy study area, there is a potential for swamp pink to occur. As
proposed, remedial activities on this site may effect wetlands within the
study area.
b. Existing Records
Within Ocean County, the USFWS maintains records of historical and extant
populations of swamp pink. The USFUS and NJDEPE do not have records for swamp
-77-
-------
pink, in Dover Township, however, the USFWS consultation letter dated August 1,
1991 (Appendix A) does have records for this species within 10 miles of the
site. The New Jersey Natural Heritage Program has no records of swamp pink
within the Toms River watershed in the vicinity of the Ciba-Geigy site.
c. Recommendation
Based upon the presence of appropriate swamp pink habitat in the study
area, the existence of documented records for swamp pink within 10 miles of
the site and the potential for proposed remedial activities to effect
wetlands, a field study of the Ciba-Geigy study area was recommended.
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush
a. Habitat Comparison
Knieskern's beaked-rush is typically found on unvegetated muddy
substrates in early successional wetlands. Available literature concerning
the Ciba-Geigy site does not suggest such habitat exists within the site.
However, if areas mapped as palustrine open waters are actually abandoned
lagoons or drying fields that have over time filled with sediments, these
areas may provide potential habitat for Knieskern's beaked-rush. As proposed,
remedial activities proposed for this site may effect wetlands within the site
and study area.
b. Existing Records
Within Ocean County, the USFWS maintains records of historical and extant
populations of Knieskern's beaked-rush. However, no records exist for
Knieskern's beaked-rush in Dover Township. Extant populations are known from
Berkeley and Manchester Townships. These townships border Dover Township to
the south and west. The New Jersey Natural Heritage Program has no records
for Knieskern's beaked-rush within the Toms River watershed in the vicinity of
the Ciba-Geigy study area.
c. Recommendation
Based upon, the results of the 1-iterature survey, the potential for
Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat on-site, the existence of documented records
for Knieskern's beaked-rush within 10 miles of the site and the potential for
proposed remedial activities to effect wetlands, a field study of the
Ciba-Geigy property was recommended.
-78-
-------
H. Lana Property
I. Swamp Pink
a. Habitat Comparison
The Lang property is located in a largely undeveloped area within the
Pinelands National Reserve. Surrounding the site are large areas of
palustrine forested wetlands. Although no site specific information is
available characterizing these wetlands, it can be assumed that many of the
typical swamp pink associates would be identified in these wetlands.
b. Existing Records
Within Burlington County, the USFWS maintains numerous historic and
extant records for populations of swamp pink. This includes records for swamp
pink within Pemberton Township. The USFWS consultation letter dated February
6, 1991 (Appendix A), indicates that there are four known populations of swamp
pink within 10 miles of the site. However, the New Jersey Natural Heritage
Program has no records for swamp pink within the Baffin Brook watershed.
c. Recommendation
The results of the literature survey indicates the presence of
appropriate swamp pink habitat occurring within the site and study area.
There are documented records for swamp pink within Pemberton Township and
within 10 miles of the site. Therefore, a field survey of this site for swamp
pink was recommended.
2. Knieskern's Beaked-rush
a. Habitat Comparison
Typical Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat, i.e., early successional wetland
habitats, bog iron deposits, mud deposits, abandoned sand and clay pits and
roadside ditches have not been specifically identified within this site.
However, soil and vegetation disturbances relative to in-situ remediation that
have already occurred may have created wet, early successional habitats
suitable for this species. Such areas, if located on-site, may provide
potential habitat for Knieskern's beaked-rush.
b. Existing Records
Within Burlington County, the USFWS maintains numerous historic and
-------
extant records for populations of Knieskern's beaked-rush. The USFWS
consultation letter of February 6, 1991 (Appendix A), makes reference to
several known populations of this species within 10 miles of the site.
However, no extant populations are known from Pemberton Township. The nearest
record is from Manchester Township, Ocean County located adjacent to the
Pemberton Township's eastern boundary. The New Jersey Natural Heritage
Program has no records for Knieskern's beaked-rush in the Baffin Brook
watershed.
c. Recommendation
Based upon the results of the literature survey and an account of the
activities that have taken place on-site (Frigerio, personal communication,
1992) there is potential for Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat to occur within
the distrubed remediation area on-site. In addition, there are documented
records for Knieskern's beaked-rush within 10 miles of the site. Based on
these considerations, a field study of the Lang property for this species was
recommended.
-80-
-------
V. HABITAT SURVEY WORK PLAN
A. Introduction
The Habitat Survey Work Plan provides the methodology and rationale for
conducting a field survey for the federally threatened plants swamp pink
(Helonias bullata) and Knieskern's beaked-rush (Rhvncospora knieskernii) at
six National Priorities List (NPL) sites in New Jersey. The six sites were
selected from a total of eight sites identified by the USFWS as potentially
providing appropriate habitat for one or both of the two plant species. The
sites to be surveyed include:
1. Wilson Farm (Swamp pink);
2. Woodland Township/Route 532 site (Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
3. Woodland Township/Route 72 site (Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
4. Ewan property (Swamp pink);
5. Ciba-Geigy (Swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush); and
6. Lang property (Knieskern's beaked-rush).
The two sites determined not to provide appropriate habitat are Evor
Phillips Leasing and Chemsol Inc. The review process, which resulted in the
selection of the six sites for comprehensive field survey, is detailed in
previous chapters of this report. The following sections describe the
methodology and rationale of the field survey plan.
B. Study Seasonality
The field survey was conducted during the time periods when swamp pink
and Knieskern's beaked-rush are readily identifiable. The season of study is
not particularly important for swamp pink because it can be identified at any
time of the year due to its evergreen leaves that form a basal rosette. The
season of study is critical for Knieskern's beaked-rush because definitive
identification requires mature achenes. Knieskern's beaked-rush, is best
identified from mid-July to late-September during which time flowering has
ended and achene maturation is progressing or completed. As a result, the
field survey for both species was conducted during the months of July and
August.
-81-
-------
c. Plant Identification
Plants encountered during the field survey were identified to the genus
level, at a minimum, with the exception of all Rhvncospora species. These
were identified to the species level. Similarities between various species of
Rhyncospora require study of technical characteristics for accurate species
identification. Because Helonias is a monotypic genus and has a unique growth
form the same level of effort is not required in order to accurately identify
it. Technical manuals which were employed in the identification of species
encountered during the field survey include:
o Gleason, H.A., 1952. The New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of
the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada - Volume 1.
Macmillan Publishing, New York.
o Fernald, M.L., 1970. Gray's Manual of Botany, Eighth Edition. D.
Van Nostrand Company, New York.
o Gleason, H.A. and A. Cronquist, 1963. Manual of Vascular Plants of
Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. D. Van Nostrand
Company, New York.
o Gale, S., 1944. Rhyncospora, Section Eurhyncospora, in Canada, the
United States and the West Indies. Rhodora, Vol. 46. No. 544, p.
88-134.
In addition, prior to conducting the field survey, known populations of
both plants were inspected to familiarize the plant ecologists with seasonal
growth characteristics at the time of the field study. For swamp pink, the
control population was 1n Stafford Township, Ocean County. For Knieskern's
beaked-rush, Ms. Dana Peters of the USFWS Pleasantvilie, New Jersey office
escorted the plant ecologists to a known population in Hamilton Township,
Atlantic County. Habitat characteristics and preferences of Knieskern's
beaked-rush were also discussed with Dr. Ted Gordon, a plant taxonomist/
ecologist, who has been instrumental in discovering new locations of this
species in Atlantic County.
D. Field Survey
The field survey involved a three phase approach that first required a
field meeting with the RPM; second, appropriate on-site habitats for the two
species were identified and mapped; and third, the Timed Meander Search
-82-
-------
Procedure as described by Goff et al. (1982) was employed to document the
presence or absence of the target species. Each phase is described below.
1. Phase I - Site Reconnaissance with RPH
In order to initiate the field survey, a field meeting was held between
the field survey team and the RPM. This site reconnaissance allowed the plant
ecologists of the field survey team to gain familiarity with on-site habitats,
the area of the proposed remedial actions and general layout of the site.
2. Phase II - Habitat Mapping
Prior to conducting the field survey for swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush the study areas were evaluated for appropriate on-site habitats.
Two experienced plant ecologists conducted a walk-through of the study areas
to identify all suitable habitat for the species in question. Base maps used
were generally United States Geological Survey 7.5 minute Topographic
Quadrangles or Soil Conservation Service County Soil Survey sheets.
Site-specific topographic maps were used if available. The stratification of
the study areas into appropriate habitats focused the field investigation into
those areas with the highest probability of supporting the species.
3. Phase III - Field Survey Method
Appropriate habitats for the species of concern at the six sites were
investigated by two experienced plant ecologists utilizing the Timed Meander
Search Procedure described in Goff et al. (1982). This search method provides
a structured, documentable, systematic approach for conducting floristic site
examinations in order to determine the presence or absence of threatened or
endangered plant species. The procedure has been demonstrated as a means of
discovering threatened and endangered species within a site, and documenting a
low probability of occurrence of these species when not found.
The procedure involves sampling along a transect that meanders throughout
the study area. The transect can meander through the various habitats of the
study areas as these habitats are searched for swamp pink and Knieskern's
-------
beaked-rush. The meandering transect may double back over previously covered
ground, follow a zig-zag pattern or take any other form so long as there is
maximum coverage of vegetative variation within the study area.
Plant species were recorded over time as encountered and the resulting
data was plotted to provide a species/effort curve to document the level of
effort expended in the search. The plotting also provides an indication of
sampling adequacy.
The object of the search was to provide maximum coverage of areas of
vegetation variation within the study area. The species effort curve shows a
step-like shape as new species were encountered when new areas of vegetation
variation were explored. Typically, the search procedure was employed until a
definite leveling off of the curve was obtained indicating that no new species
were being encountered over time because the vegetation variation within the
study area had been sampled. As recommended by Goff et al. (1982)
approximately 30 minutes was spent searching without any additional species
being encountered before a search was terminated.
-84-
-------
VI. RESULTS OF THE HABITAT SURVEY
This chapter provides the results of the field survey for the federally
threatened plants swamp pink (Helonias bullata) and Knieskern's beaked-rush
(Rhvncospora knieskernii) at six National Priority List (NPL) sites in New
Jersey. The six sites were selected from a total of eight sites identified by
the USFWS as potentially providing appropriate habitat for one or both of the
two plant species. The sites surveyed and their corresponding sections are:
A. Wilson Farm (Swamp pink);
B. Woodland Township/Route 532 site (Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
C. Woodland Township/Route 72 site (Swamp pink and . Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
D. Ewan property (Swamp pink);
E. Ciba-Geigy (Swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush); and
F. Lang property (Swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush).
The two sites determined not to provide appropriate habitat were Evor
Phillips Leasing and Chemsol Inc. The review process that resulted in the
selection of the six sites for comprehensive field survey is detailed in
Chapters III and IV of this report. Likewise, the method used to sample the
sites for these species is described in Chapter V. The following sections
describe the results of the field survey for each of the sites selected.
Appendix B includes the habitat mapping for each of the sites, Appendix C the
results of the timed meander search and Appendix D the plotted results of the
timed meander search or species effort curves.
A. Wilson Farm
The Wilson Farm property was searched only for swamp pink based upon a
review of existing information about the site. Potential swamp pink habitat
was identified in the red maple-dominated hardwood swamp associated with
Borden's Run Creek (Appendix B). The results of the timed meander search show
that a total of 48 species were identified; however, these did not include
swamp pink (Appendix C). The species effort curve shows a definite flattening
over time indicating that sampling "time was adequate and that all areas of
vegetative variation within the study area were encountered (Appendix D).
-85-
-------
B. Noodland Township/Route 532
Based upon a review of existing information about the site, the Woodland
Township/Route 532 site was searched for both swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush. The habitat mapping of the study area is included in Appendix
B. For Woodland Township/Route 532, the swamp pink habitat consisted of the
cedar and hardwood swamps associated with unnamed tributaries to the cranberry
bog reservoir. Potential Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat was limited to
disturbed wetlands where roadway clearings were made to install monitoring
wells. Most of the study area consists of pitch pine lowland; a community
that is not potential habitat for swamp pink or Knieskern's beaked-rush.
Appendix C includes the results of the timed meander search at this
site. A total of 100 species were identified. Neither swamp pink nor
Kneiskern's beaked-rush were noted. Even though potential habitat for swamp
pink was identified based upon the presence of known associate species and the
Contractor's experience, swamp pink was not found. Potential Knieskern's
beaked-rush habitat and associates were also identified. Known associates
such as brownish beaked-rush (Rhvnchospora capitellata), and meadow beauty
(Rhexia sp.) were observed in this area; however, Knieskern's beaked-rush was
not found.
The species effort curve for the Woodland Township/Route 532 site shows a
definite flattening over time, indicating that sampling time was adequate and
that all areas of vegetative variation were sampled (Appendix D).
C- Woodland Township/Route 72
Based upon a review of existing information about the site, the Woodland
Township/Route 72 site was searched for both swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush. The swamp pink habitat consisted of the cedar swamps associated
with the Pope Branch and Biddle Branch (Appendix B). Potential Kneiskern's
beaked-rush habitat was limited to edges of the ponds, damp roadway edges and
to roadway clearings that crossed wetlands.
A total of 102 species were identified during the timed meander search at
this site (Appendix C). Neither swamp- pink nor Knieskern's beaked-rush were
-86-
-------
noted. Even though potential habitat for swamp pink was identified based upon
the presence of known associate species and the Contractor's experience, swamp
pink was not found. Potential Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat and associates
were also identified. Known associates, such as brownish beaked-rush (R.
caoitellata). pale beaked-rush (R. pal 1ida) and Canada St. John's wort
(Hypericum canadense). were identified in these areas; however, Knieskern's
beaked-rush was not found.
The species effort curve for the Woodland Township/Route 72 site also
shows a definite flattening over time, indicating that sampling time was
adequate and that all areas of vegetative variation were sampled (Appendix D).
D. Ewan Property
As a result of the review of existing information about the site, the
Ewan property was searched only for swamp pink. Swamp pink habitat is
restricted to a cedar swamp associated with an unnamed tributary of Springer's
Brook (Appendix B). Appendix C includes the result of the timed meander
search at the site. A total of 65 species were identified. Although
potential habitat occurred in the study area, swamp pink was not found.
E. Ciba-Geiav
Based upon a review of existing information about the site, the
Ciba-Geigy site was searched for both swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush.
The habitat mapping of the study area for this site is included in Appendix
B. The swamp pink habitat consists of the hardwood swamps associated with the
Toms River floodplain. Potential Kneiskern's beaked-rush habitat was limited
to the edges of ponds in the study area and to bog iron deposits along the
river.
The results of the timed meander search at this site are located in
Appendix C. A total of 112 species were identified. Neither swamp pink nor
Knieskern's beaked-rush were noted. Even though potential habitat for swamp
pink was identified based upon the presence of known associate species and the
Contractor's experience, swamp pink was not found. Potential Knieskern's
beaked-rush habitat and associates., were also identified. Known associates
-------
such as brownish beaked-rush (R. capitellata) and Canada St. John's wort
(Hypericum canadense) were identified in these areas; however, Knieskern's
beaked-rush was not found.
Appendix D includes the species effort curve for the Ciba-Geigy site.
The plotting shows a definite flattening over time, indicating that sampling
time was adequate and that all areas of vegetative variation were sampled.
F. Lano Property
The Lang site was searched for swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush
based on a review of existing information about the site. The habitat mapping
of the study area at the Lang site is included in Appendix B. The swamp pink
habitat consisted of hardward/cedar swamps located outside of the fenced
remediation area. Potential Knieskern's beaked-rush habitat included the
disturbed wetland areas within the fenced remediation area.
The results of the timed meander search at this site are located in
Appendix C. A total of 127 species were identified. Neither swamp pink nor
Kneiskern's beaked-rush were noted. Even though potential habitat for swamp
pink was identified based upon the presence of known associate species and the
Contractor's experience, swamp pink was not found. Potential Knieskern's
beaked-rush habitat and known associate species were also identified.
Associates such as brownish beaked-rush (R. capitellata). flat sedge (Cvperus
sp.) and Canada St. John's wort (Hypericum canadense) were identified in these
areas; however, Knieskern's beaked-rush was not found.
Appendix D includes the species effort curve for the Lang site. The
plotting shows a steady increase in species over time until near the end of
the search indicating a diverse sampling area with new species encountered
frequently.
-------
VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
As a result of several recent informal consultations between the EPA and
USFWS, potential for the presence of the federally threatened plant species,
swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush, has been identified within the
vicinity of eight NPL sites in New Jersey. The objective of this study was to
determine, through a literature search and field survey, whether swamp pink
and Knieskern's beaked-rush or their habitats are present on the NPL sites.
Furthermore, because the impact of remedial activities on the NPL sites may
extend beyond the boundaries of the sites, study areas were defined based upon
the location of potential habitat for the two plant species that may be
affected by site remediation.
The review of existing information indicated that the Evor Phillips and
Chemsol sites did not contain appropriate habitat for these species and would
not require field review. The remaining six sites were investigated in the
field for swamp pink only or swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush. The
sites and the species for which they were searched are listed below.
A. Wilson Farm (Swamp pink);
B. Woodland Township/Route 532 site (Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
C. Woodland Township/Route 72 site (Swamp pink and Knieskern's
beaked-rush);
D. Ewan property (Swamp pink);
E. Ciba-Geigy (Swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush); and
F. Lang property (Swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush).
The six sites investigated in the field were sampled using the Timed
Meander Search technique, a method developed to search sites for threatened or
endangered plant species. This procedure has been demonstrated as a means of
discovering threatened and endangered species and documenting a low
probability of occurrence of such species when not found. Although potential
habitat for' these species was identified, the timed meander search did not
identify either swamp pink or Knieskern's beaked-rush in the study areas
delineated for the sites. Based on*these investigations, there is a very low
probability that remediation activities at these sites will have an impact on
swamp pink or Knieskern's beaked-rush.
-89-
-------
REFERENCES
Acres International Corporation, 1991. Draft Remedial Investigation/
Feasibility Study: Wilson Farm, Hopkin Farm, Gravel Pit. July, 1991.
Acres International Corporation, No date. Wilson Farm site contaminated areas
map.
Acres International Corporation, 1991. Final Remedial Investigation/
Feasibility Study; Wilson Farm, Hopkin Farm, Gravel Pit. November, 1991.
Adamkiewicz, G., Remedial Project Manager for Wilson Farms, personal
communication, June 18, 1992.
Boyd, H. P., 1991. A Field Guide to the Pine Barrens of New Jersey. Plexus
Publishing, Inc. Medford, N.J.
Britton, N. L. 1881. A preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of New Jersey.
Office of the Survey, Geological Survey of New Jersey. Rutgers College, New
Brunswick.
Brown, S. 1910. Helonias bullata. Bartonia - Proceedings of the Philadelphia
Botanical Club. No. 3, p. 1-6.
Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 1952. Field Trip Report for June
14-15 to New Jersey Pinebarrens. Vol. 79, p. 486-487.
Burlington County Engineering Department, 1990. Aerial Photos A48B28, A48B29,
A49B27, A49B28, A49B29, A50B27, A50B28 (Woodland Sites).
Burranus, G., 1992. NJDEPE Site Manager Woodland 532 and 72 sites. Personal
communication, August 6, 1992.
Camp Dresser & McKee Inc., 1986. Remedial Investigation Report for the Lang
Property Site.
Ciba-Geigy, 1991. Health and Safety/Contigency Plan (HASCP). May 31, 1991.
Cipot, S., Remedial Project Manager for Ciba-Geigy, personal communication
June 18, 1992.
Cipot, S., 1992. Confidential Work Product, Ciba-Geigy Megasite. Memo to
D. McChesney.
Cipot, S., 1992. Personal Communication. August 20, 1992.
DM Federal Programs Corporation. 1991. Draft Work Plan Addendum Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility "Study: -Ciba-Geigy. March 1991.
Eckenfelder, Inc., 1992. Generalized Isoconcentration map of TVPP in the
Primary Cohansey. member. Ciba-Geigy Corporation.
ECC, 1992. Well and Sampling Point Location map. Woodland Township. July
10, 1992
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, 50 CFR 17.11, 17,12.
-90-
-------
References (continued)
EPIC, 1967. Chemsol Site, Piscataway. New Jersey. EPIC Frame #8419. April
11, 1967.
EPIC, 1976. Chemsol Site, Piscataway, New Jersey. EPIC Frame #32567.
March 26, 1976.
Fables, D. 1960. 20 "Lost" Plants. Bartonia - Journal of the Philadelphia
Botanical Club. Number 31. 1960-1961. p. 8.
Fairbrothers, D. E. and M. Y. Hough, 1975. Rare or Endangered Vascular Plants
of New Jersey. New Jersey State Museum Science Notes No. 14.
Fairbrothers, D. E. 1979. "Endangered, Threatened and Rare Vascular Plants
of the Pine Barrens and their Biogeography." IN: R.T.T. Forman (ed.), Pine
Barrens: Ecosystem and Landscape, pp. 395-405. Academic Press, NY.
Fernald, M.L., 1970. Gray's Manual of Botany, Eighth Edition, D. Van Norstrand
Company, New York.
Frigerio, L., Remedial Project Manager for Lang Property, personal
communication, June 18, 1992.
Gale, S. 1944. Rhynchospora, Section Eurhynchospora, in Canada, the United
States and the West Indies. Contribution from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard
University. Rhodora - Journal of the New England Botanical Club Vol. 46.
No. 544 (April) April 1944, p. 88-134.
Gleason, H.A., 1952. The New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of the
Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada - Volume 1. MacMillan
Publishing, New York.
Gleason, H.A.and A. Cronquist, 1963. Manual of Vascular Plants of the
Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. D. Van Norstrad Company,
New York.
Amy S. Greene Environmental Consultants, Inc. 1992. Draft Final Report
Preliminary Environmental Impacts Evaluation Proposed Groundwater Recovery
and Treatment Project Route 532 Route 72 project area. January 1992.
Goff, F.G., G.A. Dawson, and J.J. Rochow, 1982. Site examination for Threatend
and endangered plant species. Environmental Management, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp.
307-316.
Hackler, J., Remedial Project Manager for Chemsol Inc., personal communication,
June 23, 1992.
Harshberger, J. H. 1970. The Vegetation of the New Jersey Pine-Barrens.
Dover Publications, Inc. New York.
Hirst, F. and B. Hirst, 1958. Caesarian Flora and Fauna - Additions to the
Flora of Atlantic and Burlington Counties (including some relocated
species). Bartonia - Journal of the Philadelphia Botanical Club. Number 4,
March, p. 11.
-------
References (continued)
Hough, M. Y., 1983. New Jersey Wild Plants. Harmony Press, Harmony, New
Jersey.
Hunter/ESE, Inc., 1991. Site-specific Health and Safety Plan; Lang Property.
January, 1991.
IT Corporation, 1992. Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Plan for Properties
in Plumsted and Jackson Township, New Jersey. April, 1992.
James C. Anderson, 1992. "Plan showing Location of Access Road; Lot 37.01,
Block 23.01, Shemong Township. May 11, 1992.
Johnson, R. T., 1990. Draft Stewardship Abstract (Helonias bullata). New
Jersey Natural Heritage Program, New Jersey Office of Natural Lands
Management, p. 1-6.
\
Karlin, E. F., Editor. 1989. New Jerseys Rare and Endangered Plants and
Animals. Institute of Environmental Studies. Ramapo College of New Jersey,
Mahwah.
Kingsbury, D., SCS Soils Scientist, personal communelation, 1992.
Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 1991. Draft Final Focused Feasibility Study: Interim
Action for Ground Water, Chemsol Inc. July 12, 1991.
Malcolm Pirnie, Inc., 1991. Focused Feasibility Study: Health and Safety
Plan, Chemsol Inc. (Tang Realty). March 1991.
McCormick, J. and L. Jones. 1973. The Pine Barrens vegetation and geography.
New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, New Jersey.
McGregor, S., 1992. NJDEPE site manager Woodland 532 and 72 sites. August
6, 1992.
McLaren/Hart Environmental Engineering Corporation. 1990. Engineers Report
for the Ewan Property Site. September 1990.
New England Wild Flower Society, Inc., 1986. Garden in the Woods Cultivation
Guide. Framingham, MA.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy (NJDEPE), 1990.
New Jersey Endangered Plant Species List, N.J.A.C. 7:5C-5.1.
NJDEPE, Division of Parks and Forestry, 1985. New Jersey's Threatened Plant
Species.
New Jersey Natural Heritage Program (NJNHP), 1989. Element occurrence records
for Rhvnchospora knieskernii.
NJNHP, 1990. Draft Stewardship Abstract for Swamp pink.
Normandeau Associates, 1990. Wetland Delineation Report in Application for a
Letter of Interpretation, Ciba-Geigy Corporation. December, 1990.
-92-
-------
References (continued)
Normandeau Associates, 1991. A survey of wetlands within the Toms River
corridor from the Manchester Township line to Route 37. June 1991.
Normandeau Associates, 1992. A survey of wetlands within the Toms River
corridor from the Manchester Township line to Route 37. February 1992.
NUS Corporation, No date. Ewan Property - Remedial Investigation.
Peterson, C.J., 1990. Impact assessment of six extant populations of Helonias
bulleta in New Jersey - 1990. NJDEPE, Division of Parks and Forestry,
Trenton.
Peterson, C.J., 1991. Impact assessment of six extant populations of Helonias
bulleta in New Jersey - 1991. NJDEPE, Division of Parks and Forestry,
Trenton.
Pinelands Commission, 1987. Pinelands Endangered Species List, N.J.A.C.
7:50-6.24
Public Law 93-205, December, 1973. Endangered Species Act.
Public Law 96-510, December, 1980. Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act.
Radian Corporation, 1991. 95 Percent Design Analysis Report Lang Superfund
Site Groundwater Remediation, Draft Report. November 1991.
Radian Corporation, 1991. Groundwater Remediation Plans, Sheet C-l to C-3.
November 19, 1991.
Robinson, R. Remedial Project Manager for Woodland Township, Evor Phillip
Leasing sites, personal communication, June 18, 1992.
Rosoff, D. Remedial Project Manager for Ewan Property, personal communication,
June 18, 1992.
Rosoff, D. Remedial Project Manager for Ewan Property, personal communication,
July 29, 1992.
Rutgers University Chrysler Herbarium Species Distribution Maps, 1992.
(Helonias bullata).
Rutgers University Chrysler Herbarium Species Distribution Maps, 1992.
(Rhvncospora knieskerni1).
Shepard, Weinert and Smilozins, 1991. Wetland delineation as shown on Location
Plan of Tax Lot 63, Block 76, Wilson Farm site. November 21, 1991.
Snyder, D. B. .and V. E. Vivian, 1981. Rare and Endangered Vascular Plant
Species in New Jersey. Conservation and Environmental Studies Center, Inc.
-------
References (continued)
Stone, N. 1973. Plants of Southern New Jersey. Quarterman Publications, Inc.
Boston, MA. p. 278 and 340.
Sutter, R. D., 1982. The Distribution and Reproductive Biology of Helonias
bullata L. in North Carolina. North Carolina Department of Agriculture,
Plant Industry Division.
TRC Environmental Consultants, Inc. 1992. Remedial Investigation for the Evor
Phillips Leasing Company.
TRC Environmental Consultants, Inc. 1992. Remedial Investigation/Feasibility
Study for the Evor Phillips Leasing Company. January, 1992.
United States Environmental Protection Agency CUSEPA), 1981. Hazardous Waste
Site Analysis, Wilson Farm, Plumsted Township, New Jersey. Prepared by the
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory. TS-PIC-1013.
USEPA, 1983. Lang Property Site Investigation. Prepared by Environmental
Monitoring Systems Laboratory. TS-PIC-83070.
USEPA, 1984. Site Analysis Ewan Property, Shamong Township, New Jersey.
Prepared by Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory. TS-PIC-84155.
USEPA, 1986. Site Analysis Woodland Township Dump Sites, Burlington County,
New Jersey. Prepared by the Environmental Monitoring System Laboratory.
TS-PIC-85176-J.
USEPA, 1986. Record of Decision Remedial Alternative Selection: Lang
Property, September 29, 1986.
USEPA, 1989. Record of Decision; Operable Unit One, Ciba-Geigy Chemical
Corporation Site. April 24, 1989.
USEPA, 1989. Record of Decision; Ewan Property (operable unit two).
September 28, 1989.
USEPA, 1990. Decision Summaries Woodland Township Route 532 and Route 72
States: Records of Decision. May 10, 1990.
USEPA, 1990. Ewan Property Superfund Site fact sheet. September 1990.
USEPA, 1991. Draft Work Plan RI/FS Addendum, Ciba-Geigy. March.
USEPA, 1991. Record of Decision: Decision Summary Chemsol, Inc. site.
September 20, 1991.
United States Army Corps of Engineers Philadelphia District, Public Notice -
January 25, 1990. Federally Threatened Species Helonias bullata (Swamp
Pink).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1977. Browns Mills, New
Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Cassville, New Jersey Quadrangle.
-94-
-------
References (continued)
USFWS, 1977. Chatsworth, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1975. Indian Mills, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Keswick Grove, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Lakehurst, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Lakewood, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1976. Plainfield, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1976. South Amboy, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Toms River, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Whiting, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1977. Woodmansie, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1988a. Final Listing Rules - Swamp Pink (Helonias bullata).
Endangered Species Technical Bulletin, Department of the Interior. Vol.
XIII, Nos. 9-10. p. 4.
United States Geological Survey (USGS), 1971. Brown Mills, New Jersey
Quadrangle.
USGS, 1971. Cassville, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1957. Chatsworth, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1972. Indian Mills, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1971. Keswick Grove, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1971. Lakehurst, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1989. Lakewood, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1981. Plainfield, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1981. South Amboy, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1989. Toms River, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1971. Whiting, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USGS, 1957. Woodmansie, New Jersey Quadrangle.
USFWS, 1988b. Loss of Wetlands Threatens Four Plants - Swamp Pink (Helonias
bullata). Endangered Species Technical Bulletin, Department of the
Interior. Vol. XIII, No. 3.
-95-
-------
References (continued)
USFWS, 1991. Swamp Pink. Recovery Plan. September 1991.
USFNS, 1992. Knieskern's Beaked-rush Recovery Plan; Technical/Agency Draft
April, 1992.
USFWS National Wetlands Inventory. Plant Species Data Base, 1992. Helonias
bullata. Swamp Pink. Computer Printout 6-5-92.
USFWS National Wetlands Inventory, Plant Species Data Base, 1992. Rhynchospora
knieskernii - Knieskern's beaked-rush. Computer Printout 6-5-92.
United States Soi1 Conservation Service (SCS) National Technical Committee for
Hydric Soils, October, 1987. Hydric Soils of New Jersey.
U.S. SCS, 1980. Soil Survey of Ocean.
U.S. SCS, 1971. Soil Survey of Burlington.
U.S. SCS, 1987. Soil Survey of Middlesex.
Wander Ecological Consultants, 1990. Biological Inventory and Endangered
Species Survey on the Route 532 Superfund Site. August 22, 1990.
Wander Ecological Consultants, 1990. Biological Inventory and Endangered
Species Survey on the Route 72 Superfund Site. August 22, 1990.
Woodlands Private Study Group, 1992. An update on conditions and activities
of the Woodland Township Sites. June 9 and 10, 1992.
-------
APPENDIX A
USFWS Consultation Letters
-------
-------
.»REPLY REFER TO:
ES-91/115
UniteAtates Department of thAnterior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Street (Bldg. D)
Pleasantville, New Jersey 08232
(609) 646-9310
August 14, 1991
Mr. Robert W. Hargrove, Chief
Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This letter responds to your July 30, 1991, request to the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally listed
and proposed endangered and threatened species within the study area of the
Wilson Farm national Priorities List (NFL) Site, located in Flumsted and
Jackson Townships, Ocean County, Mew Jersey. ~
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (P.L. 96-
510 94 Stat. 2767) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). These comments do not represent any position
the U.S. Department of the Interior may adopt concerning possible injury to
natural resources under the Department's trusteeship.
Enclosed is a summary of the federally listed and candidate species in New
Jersey for your information. A review of our files indicates that there are
no known occurrences of these federally listed threatened or endangered
species currently documented at the project site. However, the federally
listed threatened plant Relonlas bullata (swamp pink) has been documented from
another site within 5 miles of the subject property. As an obligate wetland
species, swamp pink typically occurs in palustrine forested wetlands, although
occurrence in palustrine scrub/shrub wetlands is not unknown. Vegetative
associates of swamp pink include the following species; Chaaaecyparls
thyoides (Atlantic white-cedar), Acer rubrun (red maple), Plnus rigida (pitch
pine), Clethra alnlfolla (sweet pepperbush), Sphagnum spp. (sphagnum mosses),
Osmmda clrmamomea (cinnamon fern), Symplocarpus foetldus (skunk cabbage),
Kalmla spp. (laurels) and Smilax spp. (greenbrlars).
In the information you provided to this office. It was stated that a fauna and
flora survey of the Wilson Farm site had been conducted. From survey results
we infer that forested wetlands exist at the site, and we note that some of
the aforementioned swamp pink associate species are present. Based on this,
-------
\
•vamp pink could occur on the project site. However, It is unclear if swamp
pink was specifically searched for during the site vegetative survey or if the
plant species list you provided represents a comprehensive list.
If any proposed site remedial action includes disturbance to wetlands, we
recommend that the presence or absence of swamp pink on the site be clearly
verified and documented. Please provide a copy of such documentation to this
office, Including the*name and qualifications of the person(s) conducting the
survey.
Information contained in this letter represents the public interest for fish
and wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact Dana feters of my staff if you have any questions or require
further assistance regarding threatened or endangered species.
Sincerely,
Craig 1. Moore
Acting Supervisor .
-------
United States Department of the Interio
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
P.O. Bo* 534
70S White Horse Pike
Absecon, New Jersey 08201
(609)646-9310
gopHarnhor- 12, 1989
Mr. Robert W. Hargrove, Chief
Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New YorJc 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
Biis letter is in rehouse to your August 17, 1989 request to the Fish «
Wildlife Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally
listed and proposed endangered and threatened species within the study area of
the Woodland Ifcwnship Bootes 532 and 72 National Priorities tm si
located in Burlington County, New Jersey. "
Bus response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973
(87 Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act as
amPTY^oH by the Superfund Amendments and Act. These cxuuuents
do not represent any position the U.S. Department of the Interior may adept
iykkiWo "iiviiTrv t*A ratirral TtKyiiYroe ttrvlflir fha rvana H wMia# i e
|JLI UX.y J|M«m4LQiiL XCBnnUVanSil iMMwiL UaS WJllKl 0
trusteeship.
On August 17, 1989, the Service provided cannents (copy enclosed) to ttie
Emergency and Remedial Response Division cam the Final Draft Remedial
Investigation Report for these sites. Hie Service recommended a survey of the
sites and adjacent wetlands to determine the presence or absence of the
federally threatened Helonias bullata (swanp pink). Because the biological
assessments remain inccnplete, the Servioe is unable to determine the
potential for Helonias to occur within the study area. Helonias is documented
not far frcm the Woodland Tcwnship sites, thus suitable habitat for the
species may exist at these sites as well. Therefore, the Service reiterates
its recommendation that a survey be conducted. If it is determined that
proposed remedial activities may directly car indirectly affect Helonias.
consultation pursuant to section 7 of the Act will be required with the
Servioe.
The Remedial Investigation Report noted the presence of two federal candidate
species within the projeet area: northern pine snake fPitucrohis roelanoleucas
m.) and bog turtle fClemmvs muhlenbercrii). As category 2 candidate species,
these species are under consideration by the Servioe for possible inclusion on
"TAKE PRIDE IN AMERICA"
-------
t
the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. Although these
species receive no substantive or procedural protection under the Act, the
Service encourages the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to consider these
species in the project planning process. Although there are no current
proposals to list these species, it is possible that they will be subject of a
listing proposal prior to conpletion of remedial activities at the Woodland
Township sites. The New Jersey Natural Heritage Program provides the most up-
f*rwi)a'tla rla^jn raivi1i/4si4,a'a erwtioc in 4"Ka Of,a+,o ae tjal 1 stcs
vJOUC aiua sMt£v^ UOU IJlQflLC SfcJCdGS JUTl XiuC uLfltC f Go WVwi » QO
maintaining information on State listed species, and should be contacted to
obtain records of these and otter candidate species vftiich may occur on the
site. The Natural Heritage Program may be contacted at the follcwing address:
Should the Natural Heritage Program data search reveal the presence of any
candidate species an the site, the Service should be contacted to ensure that
these species are not adversely affected by project activities. Qcopilations
of federally listed, proposed and candidate species are enclosed for your
information.
Further information an State listed species may be obtained from the following
office:
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained from
the aforementioned State sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact I#nn Wilson of ay staff should you have any questions or
require further assistance.
Mr. Hxmas Braden
Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks and Forestry
CM 404
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097)
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Murza
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and wildlife
Of 400
Trenton, New Jersey 0862S
(609/292-9101)
Sincerely,
Clifford G. Day
¦ ..Siqpervisar
2
-------
United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Mais Street (BIdg. Dl)
Plessantville. New Jersey 08232
Tel: 609-646-9310
FAX: 609-446-03S2
May 8, 1992
Rick Robinson
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region II
Emergency and Remedial Response Division
New Jersey Superfuad Branch 1
Room 710
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 1C278
Dear Hr. Robinson:
This responds to Thomas Porucznik's April 21, 1992 request that the U. S. Fish
and Wildlife Service (Service) review the Draft Final Report entitled,
Preliminary Environmental Impacts Evaluation - Proposed Groundwater Recovery
And Treatment Project; for the Woodland Route 72 and 532 National Priority
List Sites in Burlington County, New Jersey.
The following comments are intended to assist your assessments,
investigations, and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act as
amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act. These planning
aid comments are being provided on a technical assistance basis only and do
not represent any position the U. S. Department of the Interior (D0I) may
adopt concerning possible injury to natural resources under the DOI's
trusteeship. A November 4, 1991 DOI letter to Vincent Pitruzzello of U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) clearly identified the DOI's concerns
about the NPL sites, as well as the DOI's position concerning a covenant not
to sue as part of a settlement with the responsible parties. Comments herein
are also provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 tJ.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
federally listed endangered and threatened species.
The USEPA Region II Biological Technical Assistance Group (BTAG) and the
Service have previously identified, via recommendation memoranda and letters,
several natural resources issues (e.g., impacts to vegetation and wildlife
habitat, fish and wildlife species, endangered species, and wetlands) that
require additional study. Since this document mostly reiterates these
concerns, the Service concurs with the estimated environmental impacts and
recommendation sections in the referenced report. The following specific
comments reflect the continuing need to resolve natural resource issues.
The Project Description Section of She report inadequately describes the total
area of anticipated impacts from the groundwater treatment alternatives. The
report only identifies the physical area of the roadways and pipelines that
IN REPLY REFER TO:
-------
would be needed to implement each remedy. Detailed descriptions of all
potentially impacted areas (treatment and support plant(s), turning and
parking areas, monitoring, recovery, and recharge well access areas) should be
provided and evaluated prior to selection of the appropriate remedy.
The report indicates that 9 wetland types are present within the proposed
remedial activity area. The Service contends that either selected groundwater
treatment remedy will indeed impact a variety of adjacent wetlands both
directly via construction, and indirectly via changes in groundwater and
surface water hydrology. Therefore, we recommend that a wetland delineation
be conducted in areas potentially impacted by the proposed remedial activity.
The report does not address previous BTAG and Service recommendations to
further assess the extent of contamination in soils of the Route 532 site, and
in the sediments and surface waters in the adjacent wetlands. These wetland
areas are of particular concern to the Service as they provide viable habitat
for a large variety of organisms, and are directly adjacent and downgradient
of the sites. The Service believes this critical information is needed prior
to designing the groundwater treatment remedy, as later soil/sediment
remediation may be hampered by improper placement of groundwater remedy
structures.
The Service recommends that wetland impacts from remedial activities first be
avoided, secondly minimized, and then, if no other feasible solution is
possible, that unavoidable wetland losses be compensated in accordance with
the Service's Mitigation Policy (Federal Register. Vol. 46, No. 15, January
23, 1981). It is recommended that an assessment of adjacent wetland functions
be conducted to provide baseline information and a reference for
restoration/replacement of any unavoidably lost wetlands. Future documents
should contain quantitative information concerning past and proposed impacts
from remediation on the adjacent wetlands.
The Service also recommends that future documents pertaining to the remedial
action contain quantitative information on upland habitat that has been, and
will be impacted during the remediation of these sites. It should be noced
that the above comments regarding compensation also apply to impacted uplands.
Swamp pink (Helonias bullata), a federally listed threatened plant, has been
documented in the vicinity of the Woodland sites. In September 1989, the
Service requested that a survey be conducted to determine its presence on-
site and in adjacent wetlands. Additionally, two federal candidate species,
northern pine snake (Pltuoohis m. melanoleucas), and the bog turtle (Clemmvs
muhlenbergii') were documented on-site in the Remedial Investigation Report. A
biological survey conducted by Wander Ecological Consultants in July 1990 did
not confirm swamp pink; however, due to health and safety reasons, the area
searched was limited to the site perimeter fence, and adjacent to the roads of
this area. During field investigations that were needed to generate this
current report, representatives of the Amy S. Greene Environmental
Consultants,, Inc., did not document any federally listed threatened or
endangered species. However, the areas of investigation were not clearly
defined. The New Jersey Natural Heritage Program (NJNHP) data base printout
attached to the Amy Greene report listed one federal candidate invertebrate
2
-------
species (Buchholz's dart, Agrotis buchholz11 in che ismediate vicinity of the
sites. Another species listed on che NJNHP printout as a candidate species,
Lemmer's pinnion moth (Lithoohane lensmeri), is now in Category 3C on the
federal candidate list (Federal Register Vol. 56, No. 225 November 21, 1991)
and, therefore, no longer under consideration for listing.
Although not documented within the immediate vicinity of the site, and. thus
not listed on the NJNHP printout, Knieskern's beaked-rush (Rhvchosoora
knieskernii) is known to occur within 10 miles of the project site. This '
plant was added to the federal list of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and
Plants (50 CFR 17.11 & 17.12) as a threatened species on July 18, 1991, and
thus receives protection afforded by the Act. Considered an obligate wetland
species, the plant occurs in early successional wetland habitat of the New
Jersey pine barrens, and could potentially occur on the Woodland NPL sites and.
adjacent habitat.
It appears that no federally listed threatened or endangered species are
currently documented to occur on the project sites; however, since the areas
searched have not been clearly identified, the Service can not rule out the
possibility of such occurrence. Furthermore, the selected groundwater
treatment remedy has potential to disrupt a large area of viable wetland
habitat and it is doubtful that all potentially impacted areas have been
adequately searched. The Service recommends that when all wetland
delineations and areas of potential impact are clearly defined, a thorough
search for the federally listed swamp pink and Knieskern's beaked-rush be
conducted. Results of these surveys must be forwarded to this office for
review to determine if further consultation pursuant to Section 7(a)(2) of the
Act is necessary.
Furthermore, the Service recommends that surveys be conducted on and adjacent
to the site for the northern pine snake, bog turtle, and Buchholz's dart,
federal candidate species. If any of these species are present, potential
project-related impacts should be considered during project planning.
Although not currently afforded protection under the Act, it is possible that
these species could be proposed for listing and receive protection pursuant to
the Act before remediation is completed.
We hope that these comments are given serious consideration by the USEPA.
Questions on threatened and endangered species can be directed to Dana Peters,
and other questions concerning this correspondence may be directed to Hark
Roberts of my staff. Unless the Service receives information to the contrary,
we will assume that the USEPA agrees with these comments and will work with
the responsible parties to implement all of the recommendations contained
herein. Your cooperation in this matter is appreciated.
isor
3
-------
United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Street (Bldg. Dl)
Pleasantville. New Jersey 08232
IN REPLY REFER TO:
ES-91/98
Trl: 609-646-9310
FAX: 609-646-0352
June 21, 1991
Mr. Robert W. Hargrove, Chief
Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This letter responds to your May 30, 1991, request to the Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally listed and
proposed endangered and threatened species within the project area of the
Chemsol. Inc. National Priorities List Site, located in Piscataway Township,
Middlesex County, New Jersey.
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104 (a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act as
amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act. These comments
do not represent any position the U.S. Department of the Interior may adopt
concerning possible injury to natural resources under the Department's
trusteeship.
The federally threatened plant species Helonias bullata (swamp pink) is
documented to exist in forested wetlands approximately 6 miles from the
project site. A review of the Service's National Wetland Inventory map of the
Plainfield, New Jersey Quadrangle indicates palustrine forested wetlands on
the project site. Since swamp pink favors forested wetland habitats, it may
be present on the project site. If wetlands will be impacted by the proposed
project, we recommend that a survey be conducted to determine the absence or
presence of swamp pink. The results of the survey should be forwarded to this
office for review.
Except for the possible occurrence of swamp pink and an occasional transient
Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucoceohalus) or Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus),
no other federally listed or proposed threatened or endangered flora or fauna
are known to occur at the project site. Enclosed is a summary of federally
listed and candidate species in New Jersey for your information. Candidate
species are those species under consideration by the Service for possible
inclusion on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants.
Although these species receive no substantive or procedural protection under
-------
I
the Endangered Species Act, the Service encourages federal agencies and other
planners to consider candidate species in the project planning process. The
New Jersey Natural Heritage Program provides the most up-to-date data source
for candidate species in the State, as well as maintaining information on
State listed species, and may be contacted at the following address:
Mr. Thomas Breden
Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks and Forestry
CN 404
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097
Should the Natural Heritage Program data search reveal the presence of any
candidate species on the site, the Service should be contacted to ensure that
these species are not adversely affected by project activities.
Further information on State listed species may be obtained from the following
office:
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Murza
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife
CN 400
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/292-9101)
In regard to potential wetland impacts, the specific extent of wetlands on the
project site can only be determined by on-site inspection. Wetlands provide
habitat for a variety of migratory and resident species of fish and wildlife.
Thus, the Service discourages activities in and affecting the Nation's
wetlands that would unnecessarily damage, degrade or destroy these habitat
values. Without detailed project information, we are unable to provide a more
extensive review of the project proposal at this time. Project activities in
wetlands may require federal and State permits from the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers pursuant to the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344 et seq.) and the New
Jersey Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to the Freshwater
Wetlands Protection Act (N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1 et seq.). The Department of
Environmental Protection, through the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act, can
provide a letter of interpretation stating if wetlands are present on the site
and verifying the delineation of any wetland boundary line. Thus, if work is
proposed in wetlands, the following offices should be contacted to determine
permit compliance:
Regulatory Branch
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
New York District
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278-0090
(212/264-90530
-------
Division of Coastal Resources
Department of Environmental Protection
CN 401
Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0401
(609/984-0853)
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained from
the aforementioned sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact Dana Peters of my staff if you have any questions or require
further assistance regarding threatened or endangered species.
Sincerely,
Clifford G. Day
Supervisor
Enclosures
3
-------
o
IN REPLY REFER TO:
ES-91/152
United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Street (Bldg. D)
Pieasantville. New Jersey 08232
<609)646-9310
November 8, 1991
Mr. Robert W. Hargrove
Chief, Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Jacob K. Javits Federal Building
New York, New York 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This letter responds to your October 22, 1991, request to the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally listed
and proposed endangered and threatened species on or in the vicinity of the
Evor Phillips Leasing Company National Priorities List Site located in
"Middlesex County, New Jersey.
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations, and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (P.L. 96-
510 94 Stat. 2767) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). These comments do not represent any position
the U.S. Department of the Interior may adopt concerning possible Injury to
natural resources under the Department's trusteeship.
Enclosed are summaries of federally listed and candidate species in New Jersey
for your information. The federally listed threatened plant species Helonias
bullata (swamp pink) is documented to exist in forested wetlands within 10
miles of the Evor Phillips Leasing Company Site. As an obligate wetland
species, Helonias typically occurs in forested wetlands, although occurrence
in scrub/shrub and emergent wetlands is known. Vegetative associates of swamp
pink may include the following species: Chamaecyparis thyoides (Atlantic
white-cedar), Acer rubrtrn (red maple), Pinus rigida (pitch pine), Clethra
alnifolia (sweet pepper bush), Sphagnum spp. (sphagnum mosses), Osmunda
cinnamomea (cinnamon fern), Symplocarpus foetidus (skunk cabbage), Xalmia spp.
(laurels), Sailax spp. (greenbriars), etc.
We have reviewed the Service's National Wetland Inventory map (South Amboy
quadrangle) for the site and note there are palustrine forested wetlands, and,
therefore, possibly swamp pink in several areas adjacent to the main project
area. If forested wetlands will be impacted by the proposed project, we
recommend that a qualified botanist conduct a vegetative survey of these
wetlands to determine the absence or presence of swamp pink. The results of
the survey, including the survey method used and the qualifications of the
surveyor, should be forwarded to this office for review. Except for an
-------
1
J
occasional transient Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) or Peregrine Falcon
(Falco peregrinus), no other federally listed or proposed threatened or
endangered flora or fauna are known to occur at the project site.
Candidate species are species under consideration by the Service for possible
inclusion on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants.
Although these species receive no substantive or procedural protection under
the Endangered Species Act, the Service encourages federal agencies and other
planners to consider candidate species in the project planning process. The
New Jersey Natural Heritage Program provides the most up-to-date data source
for candidate species in the State, as well as maintaining information on
State listed species, and may be contacted at the following address:
Should the Natural Heritage Program data search reveal the presence of any
candidate species on the site, the Service should be contacted to ensure that
these species are not adversely affected by project activities.
Further information on State listed wildlife species may be obtained from the
following office:
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained
the aforementioned sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact Dana Peters of my staff if you have any questions or require
further assistance regarding threatened or endangered species.
Mr. Thomas Breden
Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks and Forestry
CN 404
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097)
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Murza
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife
CN 400
Trenton, New Jersey 0862S
(609/292-9101)
Sincerely,
Clifford G. Day
Supervisor
Enclosures
*
-------
United^tates Department of the^nterior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
n urn.v nr.rr.R to:
ES-91/73
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Sli*e« (Blilg. D)
flcaxanlviile. New Jcracy 118232
(609) 646-93111
March 29. 1991
Robert W. Hargrove, Chief
Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region-II
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This letter Is in response to*jiour March 6, 1921, request to the Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally listed
and proposed endangered and threatened species within the study area of the
proposed remediation within the Ewan Property National Priorities List Site in
Shamong Township, Burlington County, New Jersey.
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of .the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980,
as amended (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) (Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act). These comments do not represent any position the U.S. Department of the
Interior may adopt concerning possible injury to natural resources under Che
Department's trusteeship.
Except for occasional transient species, no federally listed or proposed
threatened or endangered flora or fauna are known to exist within the study
area. However, the federally threatened swamp pink fHelonias bullata) has
been located in a wetlands area approximately six miles west of the study
area. In addition, the candidate species bog asphodel (Narthecium amerlcanum)
has been located in a wetlands area approximately four miles southeast of the
study area. Review of the Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands
Inventory maps for the Indian Mills, New Jersey Quadrangle indicate the
presence of forested wetlands on the site. Both of the above listed species
favor forested wetland environments and, therefore, they may be present on the
project site. We recommend that a detailed survey of the study area be
conducted to confirm the presence or absence of federally listed endangered
and threatened or candidate species and the results be forwarded to the
Service. Enclosed is a summary of federally listed and candidate species in
New Jersey (see Enclosure 1).
-------
Candidate species are those species under consideration by the Service for
possible inclusion on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and
Planes. Although these species receive no substantive or procedural
protection under the Endangered Species Act, the Service encourages federal
agencies and other planners to consider candidate species in the project
planning process. The Hew Jersey Natural Heritage Frograa provides the most
up-to*date data source for candidate species in the State, as well as
maintaining information on State listed species, and may be contacted at the
following address:
Mr. Thomas Breden
Natural Heritage Frograa
Division of Parks and Forestry
CN 404
- . Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097)
Should the Natural Heritage Program data search reveal the presence of any
candidate species on the site, the Service should be contacted to ensure that
these species are not adversely affected by project activities.
9 *
Further information on State listed species may be obtained from tine following
office:
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Kurza
Endangered and Nongaae Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife
CN 400
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/292-9101
As discussed above, our review of the National Wetlands Inventory map for the
Indian Mills, New Jersey Quadrangle, shows wetlands within and adjacent Co the
project site. The specific extent of these wetlands can only be determined by
on-site inspection. Wetlands provide habitat for a variety of migratory and
resident species of fish and wildlife. Thus, the Service discourages
activities in and affecting the Nation's wetlands that would unnecessarily
damage, degrade or destroy these habitat values. Without detailed project
information, we are unable to provide a more extensive review of the project
proposal at this time. Project activities in wetlands may require federal and
State permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers pursuant to the Clean
Water Act (33 tl.S.C. 1344 at seq.) and the New Jersey Department of
Environmental Protection pursuant to the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act
(N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1 et seq.). The Department of Environmental Protection,
through the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act, can provide a letter of
interpretation, which determines if wetlands are present on the site or
verifies the delineation of a wetland boundary line. Thus, If work is
-------
proposed in wetlands, the following offices should be contacted to determine
permit compliance:
Regulatory Branch
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Philadelphia District
Custom House, 2nd and Chestnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106-2991
(215/597-4723)
Division of Coastal Resources
"Department of Environmental Protection
CN 401
Trenton, Hew Jersey 08625-0401
(609/984-0853)
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained from
the aforementioned sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact Dana Peters of ay staff should you have any questions or
require further assistance.
Sincerely,
Michael T. Chezik
Acting Supervisor
Enclosures
-------
-------
United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
REPLV REFER TO:
ES-91/109
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Slreel (Bldg. D)
Pieasantville, New Jersey 08232
(609) 646-9310
August 1, 1991
Mr. Robert V. Hargrove, Chief
Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
Hew York, New York 10278
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This letter responds to your July 2, 1991, request to the Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service) for information on the presence of federally listed and
proposed endangered and threatened species within the study area of the Ciba-
Geigy Landfill National Priorities List Site, located in Tom's River, Ocean
gi7 ' *
County, New Jersey.
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stst. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (P.L. 96-
510 94 Stat. 2767) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). These comments do not represent any position
the U.S. Department of the Interior may adopt concerning possible injury to
natural resources under the Department's trusteeship.
A review of our files indicates that the federally threatened plant species
swamp pink (Helonias bullsta) and Knieskern's beaked-rush (Rhynchospora
knieskemii), and the federal candidate plant species bog asphodel (Narthecium
americanum) and pine barrens boneset (Eupatorium resinosum) are known to occur
within 10 miles of the project site. Swamp pink occurs in forested wetlands,
while Knieskern's beaked-rush is typically found on unvegetated muddy
substrates in early successional wetlands. Bog asphodel and pine barrens
boneset typically occur in emergent floodplain wetlands. A review of the
Service's National Wetland Inventory map, Tom's River, New Jersey quadrangle
indicates that palustrine forested wetlands are present on the project site.
Noting the preference of the above listed plant species for wetlands, it is
possible that these species are present on the project site. If wetlands, or
upland transition areas within 150 feet of wetlands, will be impacted by the
proposed project, we recommend that a qualified botanist conduct a vegetative
survey of the project site to determine the absence or presence of swamp pink,
Knieskern's beaked-rush, bog asphodel, and pine barrens boneset. The results
of the survey, including the survey method used and the qualifications of the
surveyor, should be forwarded to this office for review.
-------
Candidate species are species under consideration by the Service for possible
inclusion on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants.
Although these species receive no substantive or procedural protection under
the Endangered Species Act, the Service encpurages federal agencies and other
planners to consider candidate species in the project planning process. The
New Jersey Natural Heritage Program provides the most up-to-date data source
for candidate species in the State, as well as maintaining information on
State listed species, and may be contacted at the following address:
Mr. Thomas Breden
Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks and Forestry
CN 404
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097)
Should the Natural Heritage Program data search reveal the presence of any
other candidate species on the site, the Service should be contacted to ensure
that these species are not adversely affected by project activities.
Further information on State listed species may be obtained from the following
office:
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Murza
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife
CN 400
Trenton, New Jersey 0862S
(609/292-9101)
Except for the possible occurrence of the above mentioned plant species and
occasional use by transient Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) or
Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus), no other federally listed or proposed
threatened or endangered flora or fauna are known to occur at the project
site. Enclosed is a summary of federally listed and candidate species In New
Jersey for your Information.
In regard to potential wetland impacts, the specific extent of wetlands on the
project site can only be determined by on-site inspection. Wetlands provide
habitat for a variety of migratory and resident species of fish and wildlife.
Thus, the Service discourages activities in and affecting the Nation's
wetlands that would unnecessarily damage, degrade or destroy these habitat
values. Without detailed project information, we are unable to provide a more
extensive review of the project proposal at this time. Project activities in
wetlands may require federal and State permits from the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers pursuant to the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344 et seq.) and the New
Jersey Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to the Freshwater
Wetlands Protection Act (N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1 et seq.). The Department of
Environmental Protection, through the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act, can
2
-------
provide a letter of interpretation stating if wetlands are present on the site
and verifying the delineation of any wetland boundary line. Thus, if work is
proposed in wetlands, the following offices should be contacted to determine
permit compliance:
Regulatory Branch
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Philadelphia District
Custom House, 2nd and Chestnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106-2991
(215/597-4723)
Division of Coastal Resources
Department of Environmental Protection
CN 401
Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0401
(609/984-0853)
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained from
the aforementioned sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
Please contact Dana Peters of my staff if you have any questions or require
further assistance regarding threatened or endangered species.
Sincerely,
Clifford G. Day
Supervisor
Enclosures
3
-------
-------
United States Department of the Interior
HSH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
—>*7 n /€/
IN REPLY REFER TO:
ES-92/187
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
927 North Main Street (Bldg. D)
Plcasantville. New Jersey 08232
(609)646-9310
February 6, 1992
Robert W. Hargrove
Chief, Environmental Impacts Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278-0090
Dear Mr. Hargrove:
This responds to your January 16, 1992, request to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service) for information on the presence of endangered and threatened
species within the vicinity of the Lang Property National Priorities List Site
in Pemberton Township, Burlington County, New Jersey.
This response is provided pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87
Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to ensure the protection of
endangered and threatened species and is intended to assist your assessments,
investigations, and planning being conducted pursuant to Section 104(a) of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (P.L. 96-
510 94 Stat. 2767) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). These comments do not represent any position
the U.S. Department of the Interior may adopt concerning possible injury to
natural resources under the Department's trusteeship.
Endangered Species
Enclosed are current summaries of federally listed and candidate species in
New Jersey for your information. Many natural areas of New Jersey, including
the Lang property, have not been thoroughly surveyed for endangered and
threatened plant and animal species. Therefore, the lack of a species
occurrence in our database for this site cannot be considered a definitive
statement on the absence of that species. The possibility of a species
occurring on a site will be suspected if suitable habitat for that species is
present.
-------
According to our records, Helonias bullaca (swamp pink), a federally listed
threatened plant species, is documented to occur in four locations within 10
miles of the site. Swamp pink typically occurs in forested wetlands, although
occurrence in scrub/shrub and emergent wetlands is known. We have reviewed
the Service's National Wetlands Inventory map (Whiting, New Jersey quadrangle)
for the site and note there are palustrine forested wetlands and, therefore,
possibly swamp pink in the project area.
Threats to swamp pink include direct loss of its wetland habitat due to
filling or draining, and indirect degradation of its habitat due to
sedimentation, erosion, disruption of groundwater hydrology, and adverse
impacts to water quality. The proposed remedial action for the Lang property,
which involves the pumping of contaminated groundwater to the surface for
treatment, may indirectly affect nearby wetlands by reducing groundwater
levels. If swamp pink occurs in these wetlands, it could be adversely
affected by the remedial action activity.
In addition to swamp pink, several occurrences of Shynchospora knieskernil
(Knieskerm's beaked-rush), a federally listed threatened plant species, are
documented to exist within 10 miles of the site. Knieskem's beaked-rush
inhabits early successional wet habitats including bog iron deposits, mud
deposits, abandoned sand and clay pits, and roadside ditches. Furthermore,
New Jersey's single known occurrence of Schwalbea americana (American
chaffseed), a federally proposed endangered plant species, is located within
1.5 miles of the site. American chaffseed is generally found in "open grass-
sedge systems in moist to dry soils. Without a detailed description of the
project area, we cannot determine if suitable habitat is present for
Knieskern's beaked-rush and American chaffseed.
To determine the absences or presence of these federally listed and proposed
species, the Service recommends a qualified botanist conduct a vegetative
survey of wetlands and other areas that will be excavated or otherwise
adversely affected by remediation. The results of the survey, including the
survey method used and the qualifications of the surveyor, must be forwarded
to this office for review to determine if formal consultation pursuant to
Section 7(b), or a conference pursuant to Section 7(a)(4) of the Endangered
Species Act is necessary for the listed or proposed species, respectively.
Except for an occasional transient bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) or
peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), no other federally listed or proposed
threatened or endangered flora or fauna are known to occur within the vicinity
of the project area.
Candidate Species
Candidate species are species under consideration by the Service for possible
inclusion on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants.
Although candidate species receive no substantive or procedural protection
2
-------
under the Endangered Species Act, the Service encourages federal agencies and
other planners to consider candidate species in the project planning process.
The New Jersey Natural Heritage Program provides the most up-to-date data
source for candidate species in the State, as well as maintaining information
on State listed species, and may be contacted at the following address:
Mr, Thomas Breden
Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks and Forestry
CN 404
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/984-0097)
Service records indicate several occurrences of Eupatoriua resinosum (Pine
Barren's boneset) and Narthecium americanum (bog asphodel), federal candidate
plant species, in wetlands within 10 miles of the project area. Bog asphodel
inhabits acidic bogs and Pine Barren's boneset is frequently found in open
marshy areas and disturbed wetlands. The wetlands surrounding the project
area may provide suitable habitat for these species; therefore, we recommend
that the vegetative surveys also include these candidate species. Should the
Natural Heritage Program data search or the recommended field surveys reveal
the presence of any candidate species on the site, the Service should be
contacted to ensure that these species are not adversely affected by project
activities.
Further information on State listed wildlife species may be obtained from the
following office:
Ms. JoAnn Frier-Murza
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife
CN 400
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
(609/292-9101)
Summary and Conclusions
In summary, the Service recommends a botanist conduct vegetative surveys of
the wetlands and other areas that will be affected by remediation to identify
the absence or presence of swamp pink, Knieskern's beaked-rush, American
chaffseed. Pine Barren's boneset, and bog asphodel.
Information contained in this letter and additional information obtained from
the aforementioned sources represents the public interest for fish and
wildlife resources and should warrant full consideration in the project
planning process. The Service requests that no part of this letter be taken
out of context and if reproduced, the letter should appear in its entirety.
-------
Please contact Dana Peters of my staff if you have any questions or require
further assistance regarding threatened or endangered species.
Sincerely,
CzUs-Q*
Clifford G. Day
Supervisor
Enclosures
4
-------
APPENDIX B
Habitat Mapping
-------
HABITAT MAPPING hdw
- HARDWOOD SWAMP (PFOI) 1
WILSON FARM
SCALE: 1" = 2000'
BOTH SITE AND STUDY AREA
A
INDICATED BY SHADING
EcolSciences, Inc.
SOURCE: USGS; CASS VIAE, «W JERSEY QUAD; 1971
-------
&>7*'
. ciinbe»ry
&-ft-rl%0 N
I
-------
STUDY
s
^ Cranberry 8og
, .J
C - ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR (PF04)
HDW - HARDWOOD SWAMP (PFOI)
PPL - PITCH PINE LOWLAND (PF04)
LLB - LEATHERLEAF BOG (PSS1)
HABITAT MAPPING
WOODLAND TOWNSHIP - ROUTE 532
SOURCE: USCS; CHATSWORTH/WOOOMANSt, NEW JERSEY QUU5S;
1957
©
I
N
SCALE: 1" = 2000"
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
ranbtf
sine
ecou
STUDY AREA
HDW - HARDWOOD SWAMP (PFOI)
C - ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR (PF04)
PPL - PITCH PINE LOWLANDS (PF04)
OW - OPEN WATER, EPHEMERAL POND (POW/PEM) N
LLB - LEATHERLEAF BOG (PSS4)
I
HABITAT MAPPING "
WOODLAND TOWNSHP - ROUTE 72
SOURCE: U5GS; WOOQMANSE, ¥€W JBOFT <**D, 1957
o
SCALE: 1* = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
Bozarth
rsnberry
1
STUDY AREA
Cranberry
Cranberry* s
Bog
\
* S< *-< & ^ *
v-:
V s%,
/f\ ^ fc-
/. U- tCnnbetryf / •
HABITAT MAPPING
EWAN PROPERTY
PPL - PITCH PINE LOWLAND (PF04)
C - ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR (PF04)
DE • DISTURBED EMERGENT WETLANDS (PEM)
SOURCE: USGS; tCIAN MI.LS, NEW JERSEY QUAD; 1972
©
SCALE: 1* = 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
Pine Lake
iafcrfak
^4' J
4 STUDY AREA
\-:f"-4Z^>;.::.;-v-*'.,-. ¦; - •*?• ^
_ * •..••"* -'" •-" - •" •'•- • ""V * 1
INDIAN if. ' H
V 1—'" ' <\- \ ^t| v»
: » \s—\_1»**\ m\ ^ \'l
>.•« i. ¦ .v^v>'V\Ks >??>.-«
**¦- a;"' V2?^*.rrrvv-. -•• ^rr--.
& it H ^ rA* 3fes#! V'%,%^'
5, ws^.-rjsyr-^S' r •* rr" T*- *'—rrr.-~~ .:73% % .
' :.i
fefe'iK' J« £
wsM^§:'^wwm&
•'"¦i^rrs^'; i'^:.v;. fe*is£ c-: •' ,71W x>*r* «4,,'-»
/ \V w
SlT
HDW/PPL
:ranttffV
Bog
Tratk*'
Psn\
-^EzTJfcv;
N HDW - HARDWOOD SWAMP (PFOI)
PPL - PITCH PINE LOWLANDS (PTO4)
C - ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR (PF04)
HABITAT MAPPING
CIBA-CIECY
SOURCE: (JSCS; KESWICK GROVE, LAKEHURST/LAKE WOOD,
TOMS RIVER QUADS; 1971/1989
o
SCALE: 1' « 2000'
EcolSciences, Inc.
-------
APPENDIX C
Results of Timed Meander Search
-------
Wilson Farm Site
Results of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
Time
9:40 AM
9:42
9:45
9:50
9:54
Catbrier
Smilax glauca
Sweet pepperbush
Clethra aJnlfolia
Red maple
Acer rubrum
Mountain laurel
Kalmia latifolia
Black gum
Nyssa sytvatica
Cinnamon fern
Osmunda clnnamomea
Azalea
Rhododendron sp.
Canada mayflower
Maianthemum canadense
Highbush blueberry
Vaccinium corymbosum
Pitch pine
Pinus rigida
Serviceberry
Amelanchier sp.
Sassafras
Sassafras albidum
Netted chainfern
Woodwardia areoiata
Three-seeded 6edge
Bur reed
Follicle-bearing sedge
Smartweed
Sphagnum moss
Swamp dewberry
Rice cutgrass
Bugleweed
Gray birch
Partridgeberry
Hog peanut
Unidentified panicum
Hayscented fern
American holly
Halberd-leaved tearthumb
Marsh St. Johns wort
Hairy swamp-loosestrife
Carex trisperma
Sparganium americanum
Carex folliculata
Polygonum sp.
Sphagnum spp.
Rubus hispidus
Leersia oryzoides
Lycopus sp.
Betula populifolia
Mitchella repene
Amphicarpaea bracteata
Panicum sp.
Dennstaedtia punctilobula
Hex opaca
Polygonum ari folium
Hypericum virginicum
Decodon verticillatus
-------
Time
Species
10:00 Sweetbay Magnolia Virginians
10:01 STOP
10:05 START
Wild yam
Fetterbush
New York fern
10:10 Virginia creeper
Skunk cabbage
Unknown wiry sedge
Dioscorea villosa
Leucothoe racamosa
Thelypteris noveboracensis
Parthenocissue quinquefolia
Foatidus eymplocarpus
Carexsp.
10:14
Bladder sedge
10:19
Violet
Elderberry
Carox intumescens
Viola sp.
Sambucus americana
10:21 Water purslane
Dodder
10:29 Common reed
10:35 Manna grass
Marsh fern
Poison ivy
10:43
10:51 Unknown sedge
10:54 Yellow bartonla
10:59
Ludwigia palustris
Cuscuta sp.
Phragmites australis
Qfyceria sp.
Thelypteris theiypteroides
Toxicodendron radicans
Carexsp.
Bartonia virginica
11:15
11:21 AM END SEARCH
Note: A hyphen'for a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Qoff et al. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
Woodland Route 532 Site
Results of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
and Knieskerns' Beaked Rush
lima
10:50 AM
10:51
10:56
11:00
11:09
11:16
11:22
11:29
11:46
11:55
12:00 PM
Pitch pine
Red maple
Highbush blueberry
Leatherleaf
Sheep laurel
Sweet pepperbush
Dangieberry
Sassafras
Red cedar
Swamp azalea
Cinnamon fern
American holly
Striped wintergreen
Inkberry
Qreenbriar
Large cranberry
Marsh fern
Chokeberry
Three-way sedge
Bayonet rush
Sedge
Hairy swamp-loosestrife
Spatterdock
White beaked rush
Maleberry
Pinus rigida
Acer rubrum
Vaccinium corymbosum
Chameadaphne calyculata
Kalmia angustifolia
Clethra aJnifolia
Qayluseacia frondosa
Sassafras afbidum
Juniporus virginiana
Rhododendron viscosum
Osmunda cinnamomea
//ex opaca
Chimaphila maculata
flex glabra
Smilax rotundifolia
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Thelypteris thelypteroldee
Aronia sp.
Dulichium arundinacium
Juncus militaris
Caraxsp.
Dacodon vorticiUatus
Nuphar luteum
Rhynchospora alba
Lyonia ligustrina
Three-seeded sedge Carex trisperma
Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica
Sedge ~ Carexsp.
-------
Time
12:11
Species
12:22
12:31
12:40
12:45
12:48
12:55
1:12
1:18
1:31
1:40 PM
9:20 AM
9:26
Wooigrass
Willow herb
Purple loosestrife
Bushy bluestem
Ru6h
Round-leaf sundew
Sedge
Barton ia
Sedge
Meadow beauty
Collin's sedge
Teaberry
Turkey beard
STOP
START
Dewberry
Marsh St. Johnswort
Swamp candles
Arrow arum
Rice cutgrass
Northern pitcher plant
Winterberry
Cottongrass
Spikeru6h
Arrow-head
Sweetbay
Bracken fern
STOP
START
Flatsedge
Bentgrass
Sclrpus cyperinus
Epitobium sp.
Lythrum saiicaria
Andropogon glomeratus
Juncue sp.
Drosera rotundifolia
Carexsp.
Barton ia virginica
Carexsp.
Rhexia sp.
Carox collinsii
Qaultheria procumbens
Xerophyllum asphodeloides
Rubus sp.
Hypericum virginicum
Lysimachia terrestris
Peltandra virginica
Leersia oryzoides
Sarracenia purpurea
Hex glabra
Eriophorum sp.
Eleocharis sp.
Sagittaria sp.
Magnolia virginiana
Pteridium aquilinum
Cyperus sp.
Agrostis sp.
-------
9:31
Catbriar
Smilax glauca
Willow
Salixsp.
Thoroughwort
Eupatorium sp.
Broomsedge
Andropogon virginicus
Big-tooth aspen
Popuius grandidentata
Builder's rye
Secale sp.
9:43
Panic grass
Panicum sp.
Barnyard grass
Echinochloa crusgalli
Stinking chamomile
Matricaria cotula
Yarrow
Achillea millifolium
Cress
Barbarea sp.
9:52
Quackgrass
Agropyron repens
Timothy
Phleum pratense
Smartweed
Polygonum sp.
9:54
Annual ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoiia
Fireweed
Erechtites hieracifolia
Purslane
Portulaca oleracea
10:09
Bearberry
Heather
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Hudsonia ericoides
10:29 STOP
10:45 START
Twisted yellow-eyed grass
Grease grass
Orange milkwort
Short-leaved milkwort
Dwarf St. Johns wort
Fox sedge
Bugle weed
Canada thistle
Everlasting
Horsetail
White fringed orchid
Unknown composite
Path rush
Dogbane
Daisy fleabane
Xiris torta
Tridens flavus
Polygala lutea
Polygala brevifoiia
Hypericum mutilum
Carex vulpinoidia
Lycopus sp.
Cirsium arvense
Gnaphalium sp.
Equisetum sp.
Platan thera biepharigtottis
Compositae sp.
Juncus tenuis
Apocynum cannabinum
Erigeron annuus
11:13
Swamp sweetbells
Leucothoe racemosa
-------
Time
11:35
Species
11:50 AM
12:03 PM Bay berry
12:20
12:38
Myrica pensylvanica
12:46
1:13
1:45
2:01
Dwarf huckleberry
Mountain laurel
Netted chain fern
Withe-rod
Possom-haw viburnum
Gaylussacia dumosa
Kalmia latifoiia
Woodwardia areolata
Viburnum cassinoides
Viburnum nudum
2:14
2:31
2:45
2:55
3:00
3:10
Thread-leaved sundew
Brownish beaked rush
Canada St. Johnswort
Staggerbush
Drosera filiformis
Rhynchospora capitellata
Hypericum canadense
Lyonia mariana
3:20
3:30 PM END SEARCH
Note: A hyphen for a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Goff et al. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
Woodland Route 72 Site
Results of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
and Knieskerns* Beaked Rush
Time SfiSSifiS
8:48 AM Bushy blueetem
Atlantic white cedar
Sheep laurel
Teaberry
Cross-leaved milkwort
Blackgum
Brownish beaked rush
White beaked rush
Bayberry
Red maple
Highbush blueberry
Sweet pepperbush
Pitch pine
Large cranberry
Yellow barton ia
Bayonet rush
Swamp dewberry
8:55 Sweetbay
Meadow beauty
Twisted yellow-eyed grass
Round-leaf sundew
Sphagnum moss
Leatherleaf
Inkberry
9:00 Chokeberry
Arrow arum
Mountain laurel
Walter's sedge
Virginia chainfern
9:04 Northern pitcher plant
Collin's sedge
Cinnamon fern
Andropogon glomeratus
Chamaecyparis thyoides
Kalmia anguetiioiia
Qaultheria procumbens
Polygala cruciata
Nyssa eylvatica
Rhynchospora capitallata
Rhynchospora alba
Myrica pansylvanica
Acer rubrum
Vaccirtium corymbosum
Cfethra alnifolia
Pinue riglda
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Bartonia virginica
Juncus militaris
Rubus hispidus
Magnolia Virginian a
Rhexia virginica
Xyris torta
Drosera rotundlfolia
Sphagnum spp.
Chamaadaphne calycuiata
Ilex glabra
Aronia sp.
Peltandra virginica
Kalmia latifolia
Carax walterana
Woodwardia virginica
Sarracania purpurea
Carex collinsii
Osmunda cinnamomea
-------
Time
9:08
9:15
9:23
9:27
9:30
9:36
SPPPffg
9:55
10:26
10:33
11:01
11:07 AM
Dangleberry
Lance-leaf rose-gentian
Dwarf huckleberry
Three-seed sedge
Starflower
Partridgeberry
Panic grass
Spatuiate sundew
Turks cap lily
Marsh St. Johnswort
Seven-angle pipewort
Bur reed
Subterminate bulrush
Golden club
Bladderwort
Spikerush
Manna grass
Nutrush
Three-way sedge
Round headed plant
Greenbriar
Swamp sweetbells
Swamp azalea
Massachusetts fern
Royal fern
Qaylussacia frondosa
Sabatia difformis
Qaylussacia dumosa
Carex trisperma
Trientalis borealis
Mitchella reports
Panicum sp.
Drosera intermedia
Liiium superbum
Triadenum virginicum
Erlocauion septangulare
Sparganium americanum
Scirpus subterminalis
Orontium aquaticum
Utricularia sp.
Eleocharis olivacea
Qlyceria obtusa
Scieria sp.
Duiichium arundinaceum
Cyperus sp.
Smilax rotondifolia
Leucothoe racemosa
Rhododendron viscosum
Thefypteris simulata
Osmunda regalis
12:14 PM
Red cedar
Turkey beard
Bracken fern
Juniperus virginiana
Xerophyllum asphodeioides
Pteridium aquilinum
-------
Time
12:29 Thread-leaved sundew
Canada St. Johnswort
Round headed flatsedge
Path rush
Canada rush
Sweet everlasting
Cat's-ear
Species
Drosera filiformis
Hypericum canadense
Cyperus ?
Juncus tenuis
Juncus canadensis
Qnaphalium obtusifolium
Hypochoeris radicata
12:44 STOP
1:08 START
Unidentified panicum Panicum sp.
1:12 Mermaid weed
1:20 STOP
2:38 START
Brown-fruit rush
Pale beaked rush
STOP
Proserpinaca pectinata
Juncus pelocarpus
Rhynchospora pallida
3:05 START
Horned beaked rush
White water-lily
Watershield
Big aster
Rhynchospora inundata
Nymphaea odorata
Brasenia schreberi
Aster sp.
3:31 STOP
3:38 START
3:44 Robbins' spikerush Ebocharis robbinsii
3:56 PM STOP
9:30 AM START
Orange milkwort Potygaia lutea
Horned bladderwort Utricularia cornuta
9:35 Brown beakrush Rhynchospora fusca
9:38 Common bladderwort I krimitaria manmrhirn
-------
Time
9:50 Short-leaved milkwort
9:55 Northern bog ciubmoss
10:05 Red root
11:16 Poison ivy
Virginia creeper
11:41 Woolgrass
11:58 AM STOP
12:50 PM START
1:14 STOP
1:20 START
1:29 Unidentified blueberry
1:33 Maleberry
Catbriar
1:42 STOP
2:05 START
2:16 Gray birch
Sassafras
2:20 Dense-flowered St. Johnswort
2:29 STOP
2:36 START
2:41 Hairy swamp-loosestrife
3:15 PM STOP
Species
Potygala brevifolia
Lycopodium inundatum
Lachnanthes Carolinian a
Toxicodendron radicans
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Scirpus cyperinus
Vaccinium sp.
Lyonia ligustrina
Smilaxglauca
Betula populifolia
Sassafras albidum
Hypericum densiflorum
Decodon verticillatus
-------
Time
Species
8:50 AM START
9:14 - White fringed orchid
9:42 Soft rush
10:12 STOP
Platan thera blephariglottis
Juncus effusus
10:20 START
10:26 Curly grass fern Schizaea pusilla
10:58 Spleenwort Aspleniumsp.
11:39 STOP
11:51 START
11:59 AM Orange grass
12:52 PM STOP
1:05 START
Hypericum gentianoides
1:22 Possom-haw viburnum Viburnum nudum
1:29 Poison sumac Toxicodendron vernix
Swamp smartweed Polygonum hydropiperoides
Netted chainfern Woodwardia areolata
3:19 PM END SEARCH
Note: A hyphen for a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Qoff et al. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
Ewan Site
Results of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
T\m
9:36 AM
§esslfii
9:38
9:40
9:42
9:45
9:48
9:50
9:52
10:22
Pitch pine
American holly
Sassafras
Sweet pepperbush
Highbush blueberry
Dangleberry
Sheep laurel
Bracken fern
Cinnamon fern
Catbrier
Teaberry
Red maple
Mountain laurel
Dewberry
White oak
Inkberry
Swamp azalea
Blackgum
Tree clubmoss
Variegated unknown
Eastern red cedar
Big-tooth aspen
STOP
START
Gray birch
Switchgrass
Broomsedge
Wild strawberry
Staggerbush
Pinus rigida
Uexopaca
Sassafras albidum
Clethra alnifolia
Vaccinium corymbosum
Qayiuseacia frondosa
Kalmia ang us tifolia
Pteridium aquilinum
Osmunda cinnamomea
Smiiax glauca
Qaultheria procumbens
Acer rubrum
Kalmia latifolia
Rubus sp.
Quercus alba
Ilex glabra
Rhododendron viecosum
Nyssa sylvatica
Lycopodium obscurum
Juniperus virginiana
Popuius grandidentata
Betufa popufifolia
Panicum virgatum
Andropogon virginicus
Fragaria virginiana
Lyonia mariana
-------
Time
10:24 Unknown grass
Hayscented fern
Black cherry
10:28 Wool grass
Chokeberry
SPMiW
Qramineae
Dennstaedia punctilobula
Prunus serotina
Scirpus cyperinus
Aronia sp.
10:30 Nuttall's lobelia
Bear oak
Path rush
Canada St. Johnswort
Soft rush
Panic grass
Bayonet rush
Lobelia nuttallii
Quercus ilicifolia
Juncus tenuis
Hypericum canadense
Juncus effusus
Panicum lanuginosum
Juncus militaris
10:37 White beaked rush
Unknown rush
Huckleberry
10:42 Fireweed
Dogbane
10:43 STOP
10:54 START
Blackberry
Thoroughwort
Whorled loosestrife
Dotted St. Johnswort
Rhynchospora alba
Juncus sp.
Qaylussacia sp.
Erechtites hieracifolia
Apocynum can nab in um
Rubus sp.
Eupatorium sp.
Lysimachia quadrifolia
Hypericum punctatum
10:59 Old-field cinquefoil
Common reed
Sensitive fern
Indian tobacco
Everlasting
Canada thistle
Potentiila simplex
Phragmites australis
Onoctea sensibilis
Lobelia inflata
Gnaphalium sp.
Cirsium arvense
11:02
11:42
11:44
STOP
START
-------
Time
11:55 AM Meadow beauty
Maleberry
Turk's cap lily
Sefi&ifis
Rhexia sp.
Lyonia ligustrina
Lilium superbum
12:01 PM Sweetbay
Magnolia virginiana
Thelypteris thelypteroides
Lysirnachia terrestris
Carex bullata
Marsh fern
Swamp candles
Button sedge
12:10 Netted chainfern
Wood wardia araolata
12:17 Follicle-bearing sedge
Carex folliculata
12:25 Swamp sweetbells
Leucothoe racemosa
12:30 Panic grass
Panicum sp.
12:45
1:10 PM END SEARCH
Note: A hyphen for a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Goff et ai. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
Ciba-Geigy Site
Results of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
and Knieskerns' Beaked Rush
Time
11:55 AM Red maple
Pitch pine
Sweetgum
Black gum
Cinnamon fern
Highbush blueberry
Dangleberry
Netted chainfern
Iris
Teaberry
Follicle-bearing eedge
Swamp dewberry
Swamp azalea
Buttonweed
Catbriar
Sweet pepperbush
Bracken fern
Partridgeberry
Species
Acer rubrum
PinuB rigida
Liquidambar stymciflua
Nyssa sylvatica
Osrrtunda cinnamomea
Vacclnium corymbosum
Gayiussacia frondosa
Woodwardia areolata
Iris versicolor
Qaultheria procumbens
Carex folliculata
Rubus hispidus
Rhododendron viscosum
Diodia teres
Smilax rotundifolia
Clethra alnifolia
Pteridium aquilinum
Mitchella repens
12:08 PM STOP
12:15 START
Gray birch
Swamp sweetbells
Royal fern
Panicum
Marsh St. Johnswort
Greenbriar
American holly
Sedge
Nuttall's lobelia
Soft rush
Evening primrose
Broomsedge
Small vine
Betula populifolia
Leucothoe racemosa
Osmunda regalis
Panicum sp.
Hypericum virginicum
Smllaxglauca
Ilex opaca
Carex sp.
Lobelia nuttallii
Juncus effusus
Oenothera biennis
Andropogon virginicus
?
12:45
STOP
-------
Time
1:00 START
Tree club moss
Willow oak
Rice cutgrass
Marshpepper smartweed
Barton ia
Tussock sedge
Button sedge
Loose uniola
Atlantic manna grass
Fowl manna grass
Woolgrass
Bladder sedge
Meadow beauty
Arrow arum
Lycopodium obscurum
Quercus phelios
Leersia oryzoides
Polygonum hydropiper
Barton ia virginica
Carex stricta
Carex bullata
Uniola laxa
Qlyceria obtusa
Qlyceria striata
Scirpue cyperinus
Carex intumescens
Rhexfa sp.
Peltandra virginica
1:50 PM
STOP
9:05 AM
START
Sheep laurel
Turkey beard
Katmia angustifolia
XerophyUum asphodeloides
9:12
Inkberry
Unknown
Maleberry
Ilex glabra
?
Lyonia ligustrina
9:15 Bayberry
Scrub oak
Eastern red cedar
9:24 Massachusetts fern
Virginia creeper
Bugleweed
Sweetbay
Sassafras
Myrica pensylvanica
Quercus ilicifolia
Juniperus virginiana
Thelypteris simulata
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Lycopus sp.
Magnolia virginiana
Sassafras albidum
9:40 Hairy swamp-loosestrife
9:47 Collin's sedge
Poison ivy
Decodon verticiliatus
Carex collinsii
Toxicodendron radicms
-------
Time
9:53
Species
10:00
10:22
8:54
8:57
9:09
9:16
9:25
9:35
10:00
10:15
10:26
10:43
10:50
Round-leaved sundew
White beaked rush
Northern pitcher plant
Large cranberry
Bayonet rush
Leatherleaf
Brown-fruit rush
10:34 AM STOP
8:35 AM START
Dodder
River birch
Lance-leaf violet
Taper-tip rush
Indian-pipe
Three-seeded sedge
White oak
Burreed
Fireweed
Cowbane
Common reed
Drosera rotundifolia
Rhynchospom alba
Sarracena purpurea
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Juncus militaris
Chamaedaphne caiycuiata
Juncus pelocarpus
Cuscuta gronovii
Betula nigra
Viola lanceolate
Juncus acuminatus
Monotropa uniftora
Carex trisperma
Quercus alba
Spargmium sp.
Erechtites hieracifolia
Oxypolis rigidior
Phragmites australis
11:00
STOP
11:45 AM
START
-------
Time
12:23 PM Brownish beaked rush Rhynchospora capitellata
Swltchgrass Panicum virgatum
Dense-flowered St, Johnswort Hypericum densifiorum
Willow Salixsp.
12:34
a
12:51 STOP
1:04 START
1:10 Fragrant water lily Nymphaea odorata
1:32
1:37 Path rush Juncus tenuis
Twisted yellow-eyed grass Xyris torta
1:52
2:06 PM
STOP
9:10 AM
9:15
9:25
9:30
9:39
9:41
START
Winterberry
Buttonbush
Bladderwort
Canada St. Johnswort
Water purslane
Scarlet oak
Deertongue grass
Cardinal flower
Sedge
Ilex verticitlata
Cephalanthus occiden talis
Utricularia sp,
Hypericum canadense
Ludwigia patustris
Ouercus coccinea
Panicum clandestinum
Lobelia cardinalis
Carex pensylvanica
9:54 Skullcap
10:04 Subterminate bulrush
Scutellaria sp,
Scirpus subterminalis
-------
Time
10:09
10:14
10:18
10:25
10:40
10:41
10:45
10:47
10:48
11:00
11:15
11:30
11:50 AM
Species
Possom-haw viburnum
Arrowwood
Persimmon
Japanese honeysuckle
Serviceberry
Violet
Joe-pye-weed
Smartweed
Elderberry
Pickerelweed
Mud wort
Walter's sedge
Blueberry
12:00 PM Smooth alder
12:10
12:20
12:30
12:35
12:45
12:55
Hoary sedge
Viburnum nudum
Viburnum dentatum
Diospyros Virginians
Lonicera japonic*
Amelanchier sp.
Viola sp.
Eupatorium macuiatum
Polygonum sp.
Sambucus canadensis
Pontedria cordata
Limosella sp.
Carex walterii
Vaccinium sp.
Alnus serrulata
Carex canescens
1:05
END SEARCH
-------
Note: A hyphen for a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Goff et al. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
Lang Site
Rd6Ult6 of Timed Meander Search for Swamp Pink
and Knieskerns' Beaked Ru6h
lime Sfissifis
9:10 AM Broom6edge
Ru6h
Qoldenrod
Highbush blueberry
Pitch pine
Rabbits-foot clover
Bush clover
Deer tongue
Plantain
9:12 Aster
Common ragweed
Everlasting
St. Andrew's cross
Sheep sorrel
Fireweed
Flax
Bracken fern
Peppergrass
Panicum
9:16 Thoroughwort
Sheep laurel
Scrub oak
Inkberry
Winged sumac
Catbriar
Chokeberry
Heather
Bushy bluestem
9:19 Sassafras
Orange milkwort
Sweet pepperbush
Andropogon virginicus
Jupcub dichotomous
Solidago sp.
Vaccinium corymbosum
PinuB rugosa
Trifolium arvense
Lespedeza sp.
Panicum clandestinum
Plantago aristata
Aster sp.
Ambrosia artemisiifoiia
Qnaphalium sp.
Ascyrum hypericoides
Rumex acetosella
Erechtites hieracifolia
Linum sp.
Pteridium aquilinum
Lepidium sp.
Panicum sp.
Eupatorium sp.
Kalmia ang us tifolia
Quercus ilicifolia
Hex glabra
Rhus copaiiina
Smilax glauca
Aronia sp.
Hudsonia ericoides
Andropogon glomeratus
Sassafras aibidum
Polygala lutea
Clethra alni folia
-------
Time
9:21 White beaked rush
Barton ia
Flatsedge
Twisted yellow-eyed grass
Marsh St. Johnswort
Carolina redroot
Meadow beauty
Red maple
Thread-leaved sundew
Species
Rhynchospora alba
Barton ia virginica
Cyperus sp.
Xyris torta
Hypericum virginicum
Lachnanthes carotiniana
Rhexia sp.
Acer rubrum
Drosera fiUformis
9:25 Round-leaved sundew
Cottongrass
Teaberry
9:31 Maleberry
9:35 Cinnamon fern
Unknown grass
Blackgum
9:39 Cross-leaved milkwort
Evening primrose
Partridge-pea
Grass-leaved goldenrod
Soft rush
Bramble
Drosera rotund/folia
Eriophorum sp.
Qaultheria procumbens
Lyonia ligustrina
Osmunda cinnamomea
Qramineae
Nyssa sylvatica
Polygala cruciata
Oenothera biennis
Cassia fasicuiata
Euthamia graminifolia
Juncus effusus
Rubus sp.
9:45 Willow
Broad-leaved dock
Woolgrass
Switch grass
Purple loosestrife
9:50 Gray birch
9:53 Leatherleaf
9:56 Large cranberry
Sedge
Virginia chainfern
Salixsp.
Rumex obtusifolis
Scirpus cyperinus
Panicum virgatum
Lythrum salicaria
Betuia populifolia
Chamaedaphne calycutata
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Carexsp.
Wood ward ia virginica
10:03
Bayberry
Eastern red cedar
Marsh purslane
Myrica pensylvanica
Juniperus virginiana
Ludwigia palustris
-------
Time
10:08 Pale beaked rush
Swamp dewberry
10:15 Dogbane
Daisy fleabane
Swamp azalea
10:21 Dangleberry
10:27 Lady-slipper orchid
Swamp sweetbells
10:34 Sweet fern
Common reed
Red top
Red clover
Crown vetch
10:40 Broad-leaved cattail
Bayonet rush
Sensitive tern
Horsetail
Canada thistle
10:42 White-fringed orchid
Three-way sedge
Collin's sedge
Smartweed
Sedge
Rice cutgrass
10:56 Nuttall's lobelia
Canada rush
11:07 Sand myrtle
STOP
11:21 START
Button weed
Hawkweed
Wooiy mullien
Ox-eye daisy
Cottonwood
Species
Rhynchospora pallida
Rubus hispidus
Apocynum cannabinum
Erigeron annuus
Rhododendron viscosum
Gayluesacia frondosa
Cypripedium sp.
Leucothoe racemosa
Comptonia peregrina
Phragmites australis
Agrostis alba
Trlfolium pratense
Coronilla varia
Typha latifolia
Juncus militaris
Onoclea sensibilis
Equisetum sp.
Cirsium arvense
Platanthera biephariglottis
Dulichium arundinaceum
Carex collinsii
Polygonum sp.
Carex sp.
Leersia oryzoides
Lobelia nuttallii
Juncus canadensis
Leiophyllum buxifolium
Diodia teres
Hieracium sp.
Verbascun thapsus
Chrysanthemum teucanthemum
Popuius deltoides
-------
Time
11:25
11:29
11:38
11:42
11:47
11:53
12:03 PM
12:15
12:19
12:33
12:39
12:50
Soecies
Beggarticks
Boneset
Canada St. Johns wort
Pointed broom sedge
Seedbox
Orangegrass
Purple gerardia
Bidens frondosa
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Hypericum canadensis
Carex scoparia
Ludwigia aJternifolia
Hypericum gentianoides
Agalinus purpurea
Lance-leaved violet
Viola lanceolata
Brownish beaked rush
Beggar-ticks
Rhynchospora capitellata
Bidens sp.
Heal all
Bugleweed
Winter bentgrass
Straw-color flateedge
Sundrops
Old-field cinquefoil
Prunelia vulgaris
Lycopus sp.
Agrostis hyemalis
Cyperus strigosus
Oenothera fruticosa
Potentilla simplex
Indian tobacco
Three-seeded mercury
Purple-leaf willow herb
Blue vervain
Round-headed bush clover
Lobelia infiata
Acalypha virginica
Epilobium coloratum
Verbena hastata
Lespedeza capitata
Deptford pink
Yellow wood sorrel
Black-eyed Susan
Dianthus armeria
Oxalis etricta
Rudbeckia hirta
Spike rush
Eieocharis sp.
Three square
Pinweed
Scirpus americanus
Lechea sp.
Hyssop-leaved thoroughwort
Rattlebox
Eupatorium hyssopifolium
Crotalaria sagitallis
END SEARCH
-------
Note: A hyphen lor a particular time period indicates that no new species were
identified during that time. Goff et ai. (1982) recommend that
approximately 30 minutes be spent without finding any additional species
before a search is terminated.
-------
-------
APPENDIX D
Species Effort Curves
-------
WILSON FARM
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
ELAPSED TIME SPENT IN EXAMINATION (MINUTES)
i
PREPARED BY: ECOLSCIENCES, Inc.
-------
WOODLAND ROUTE 532
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
120
too
C/3
UJ
o
Ui
Si 80
LL
O
BE
111
m
60
3
2
HI
>
§
40
D
20
ELAPSED TIME SPENT IN EXAMINATION (MINUTES)
PREPARED BY: ECOLSCIENCES, Inc.
-------
WOODLAND ROUTE 72
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
120
100
CO
UJ
o
UJ
a_
CO
u.
o
£
CD
3
3
5
3
Q
« «.*> i!> «S> a*> .5s iP «?• t° •}» cP •.*> «P •!> «J> oP 4> «f» «P «*> «P tP a*> «!> # •?> «f> if» «P a* # «P J> -& & 4> ¦i0 cP •!*
V A « vO N"V ^ V t V V Tr ¦» v i* v v "p iP k1 C & tP f" v* >>s v •> «P v •>* «>v »r V «>* A A A* a' a" a* a® »s v i? # f «P <»0 »v
PREPARED BY: ECOLSCIENCES, Inc.
ELAPSED TIME SPENT IN EXAMINATION (MINUTES)
-------
EWAN SITE
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
70
60
w
9. 50
Li.
tr 40
30
g 20
10
ELAPSED TIME SPENT IN EXAMINATION (MINUTES)
PREPARED BY: ECOLSCIENCES, Inc
-------
CIBA-GEIGY SITE
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
120
100
&
UJ
o
UJ
Q.
CO
u.
O
QC
tu
DO
5
3
Z
UJ
>
I—
5
3
2
3
O
•V * * * * « A « <* SQ SN sl-^s* *Q"p <& <$> *£ # & & *N &+> f & & £ & &*?*? &£ s&&
-------
LANG SITE
SPECIES EFFORT CURVE FOR TIMED MEANDER SEARCH
140
120
o 100
w
80
60
20
ELAPSED TIME SPENT IN EXAMINATION (MINUTES)
PREPARED BY: ECOLSCIENCES, Inc.
------- |