Energy Star® Program Requirements
for Consumer Audio and DVD Products
Partner Commitments
Commitment
The following are the terms of the Energy Star Partnership Agreement as it pertains to the
manufacturing of Energy Star qualified consumer audio and digital versatile disc (DVD) products. The
Energy Star Partner must adhere to the following program requirements:
comply with current Energy Star Eligibility Criteria, defining the performance criteria that must be
met for use of the Energy Star certification mark on consumer audio and DVD products and
specifying the testing criteria for consumer audio and DVD products. EPA may, at its discretion,
conduct tests on products that are referred to as Energy Star qualified. These products may be
obtained on the open market, or voluntarily supplied by Partner at EPA's request;
comply with current Energy Star Logo Use Guidelines, describing how the Energy Star labels
and name may be used. Partner is responsible for adhering to these guidelines and for ensuring
that its authorized representatives, such as advertising agencies, dealers, and distributors, are
also in compliance;
qualify at least one Energy Star labeled consumer audio or DVD model within two years of
activating the consumer audio and DVD products portion of the agreement. When Partner
qualifies the product, it must meet the specification (e.g., Tier 1 or 2) in effect at that time;
provide clear and consistent labeling of Energy Star qualified consumer audio and DVD
products. The Energy Star label must be clearly displayed on the top/front of the product, on the
product packaging, in product literature (i.e., user manuals, spec sheets, etc.), and on the
manufacturer's Internet site where information about Energy Star qualified models is displayed;
provide to EPA, on an annual basis, an updated list of Energy Star qualifying consumer audio
and DVD models. Once the Partner submits its first list of Energy Star labeled consumer audio
and/or DVD models, the Partner will be listed as an Energy Star Partner. Partner must provide
annual updates in order to remain on the list of participating product manufacturers;
• provide to EPA, on an annual basis, unit shipment data or other market indicators to assist in
determining the market penetration of Energy Star. Specifically, Partner must submit the total
number of Energy Star qualified consumer audio and DVD products shipped (in units by model)
or an equivalent measurement as agreed to in advance by EPA and Partner. Partner is also
encouraged to provide Energy Star qualified unit shipment data segmented by meaningful
product characteristics (e.g., capacity, size, speed, or other as relevant), total unit shipments for
each model in its product line, and percent of total unit shipments that qualify as Energy Star.
The data for each calendar year should be submitted to EPA, preferably in electronic format, no
later than the following March and may be provided directly from the Partner or through a third
party. The data will be used by EPA only for program evaluation purposes and will be closely
controlled. If requested under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), EPA will argue that the
data is exempt. Any information used will be masked by EPA so as to protect the confidentiality of
the Partner;

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notify EPA of a change in the designated responsible party or contacts for consumer audio and
DVD products within 30 days.
Performance for Special Distinction
In order to receive additional recognition and/or support from EPA for its efforts within the
Partnership, the Energy Star Partner may consider the following voluntary measures and should keep
EPA informed on the progress of these efforts:
consider energy efficiency improvements in company facilities and pursue the Energy Star label
for buildings;
purchase Energy Star labeled products. Revise the company purchasing or procurement
specifications to include Energy Star. Provide procurement officials' contact information to EPA
for periodic updates and coordination. Circulate general Energy Star labeled product information
to employees for use when purchasing products for their homes;
ensure the power management feature is enabled on all Energy Star qualified monitors in use in
company facilities, particularly upon installation and after service is performed;
provide general information about the Energy Star program to employees whose jobs are
relevant to the development, marketing, sales, and service of current Energy Star labeled
product models;
feature the Energy Star label(s) on Partner Web site and in other promotional materials. If
information concerning Energy Star is provided on the Partner Web site as specified by the
Energy Star Web Linking Policy (this document can be found in the Partner Resources section
on the Energy Star Web site at www.enerqvstar.gov). EPA may provide links where appropriate
to the Partner Web site;
provide a simple plan to EPA outlining specific measures Partner plans to undertake beyond the
program requirements listed above. By doing so, EPA may be able to coordinate, communicate,
and/or promote Partner's activities, provide an EPA representative, or include news about the
event in the Energy Star newsletter, on the Energy Star Web pages, etc. The plan may be as
simple as providing a list of planned activities or planned milestones that Partner would like EPA
to be aware of. For example, activities may include: (1) increase the availability of Energy Star
labeled products by converting the entire product line within two years to meet Energy Star
guidelines; (2) demonstrate the economic and environmental benefits of energy efficiency through
special in-store displays twice a year; (3) provide information to users (via the Web site and user's
manual) about energy-saving features and operating characteristics of Energy Star qualified
products, and (4) build awareness of the Energy Star Partnership and brand identity by
collaborating with EPA on one print advertorial and one live press event;
provide quarterly, written updates to EPA as to the efforts undertaken by Partner to increase
availability of Energy Star qualified products, and to promote awareness of Energy Star and its
message.

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^^	EnergyStar Program Requirements
for Consumer Audio and DVD Products

Eligibility Criteria
Below is the product specification for Energy Star qualified consumer audio and DVD products. A
product must meet all of the identified criteria if it is to be labeled as Energy Star by its manufacturer.
1) Definitions: Below are brief descriptions of consumer audio and DVD products and their common
operational modes as relevant to Energy Star. The Energy Star specification focuses on reducing
energy consumption while the product is in the Standby Mode.
A.	Consumer Audio and DVD Products: To qualify, these products must draw current from a
building's AC power electrical outlet via a power cord or via an AC power adapter that is shipped with
the product. Also eligible are those products that have a power switch to interrupt the current flow
from the power line and perform no operating functions except in active mode. This agreement does
not cover professional, automotive, or solely battery-powered products. For a list of eligible consumer
audio and DVD product categories, refer to Section 2, Qualifying Products.
1 .Consumer Audio Product: A commercially available electronic product encased in a single
housing whose intended purpose, other than providing non-video status displays, is the production
or recording of signals in the audio domain as reproduced by headphones, loudspeakers, or other
transducers.
2. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD') Product: A commercially available electronic product encased in a
single housing whose intended purpose is the production or recording of digitized video signals on
a spinning reflective disc media.
B.	Standby Mode: The mode in which the product is connected to the power source, is possibly
producing status information or time readout, is waiting to be switched to the active mode, and
produces/records no video or audio signal (either directly audible, or audible as reproduced by
headphones, loudspeakers, or other transducers). The product may exit the standby mode through
an automatic timer activation, direct activation by the user, or a remote control command from the
user. In standby mode, the product is substantially shut down but may continue to perform some
functions (e.g., remote control sensing and clock).
C.	Active Mode: The mode in which the product is connected to a power source and is producing or
recording signals in the video domain and/or audio domain as reproduced by headphones,
loudspeakers, or other transducers. The power requirement in this mode is typically greater than the
power requirement in standby mode.
D.	Disconnect: The mode in which the product is disconnected from all external power sources.
2)	Qualifying Products: For the purposes of this agreement, Energy Star Partner agrees that consumer
audio and DVD products include the following: cassette decks, CD players/changers, CD
recorders/burners, clock radios, DVD products, equalizers, laserdisc players, mini- and midi-systems,
minidisc players, powered speakers, rack systems, stereo amplifiers/pre-amplifiers, stereo receivers,
table radios, and tuners.
3)	Energy-Efficiency Specifications for Qualifying Products: Only those products listed in Section 2 that
meet the criteria below may qualify as Energy Star (Version 1.0).

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Product
Phase I Standby Mode
Phase II Standby Mode
Consumer Audio Products
<2.0 Watts
< 1.0 Watt
DVD Products
<3.0 Watts
< 1.0 Watt
4)	Power Measurement: Manufacturers are required to perform tests and self-certify those product
models that meet the Energy Star guidelines. The power requirement shall be measured from the
outlet or power supply source to the product under test. The Partner shall measure the average true
power (in watts) of the product. When performing measurements to self-certify a product model, the
products under test must be in the condition (e.g., configuration and settings) shipped to the
customer.
5)	Test Criteria: To ensure consistency in measuring the power requirements for electronics products,
this protocol should be followed. Outlined in Section A are the ambient test conditions that should be
respected when performing power measurements. These conditions ensure that outside factors do
not affect the test results and that the test results can be reproduced. Sections B and C describe the
specifications for testing equipment and the test method, respectively. Section D reviews
responsibilities, while Section E covers continuing verification.
A. Test Conditions
General Criteria:
Total Harmonic Distortion
(Voltage):
< 3% THD
Ambient Temperature:
22°C ±4°C
Terminations: External speaker terminals terminated per 3.6.2.2 (IEC 107-1)
Market-Specific Criteria:
Market:
United States
Europe and Australia
Japan
Voltage:
115 V RMS
± 3 V RMS
230 V RMS
± 10 V RMS
100 V RMS ±5 V RMS &
200 V RMS ± 10 V RMS
Frequency:
60 Hz ± 3 Hz
50 Hz ± 3 Hz
50 Hz ± 3 Hz & 60 Hz ± 3 Hz
Note: Testing needs to be done only at a voltage and frequency in the above range. It is not
necessary to test all combinations of high voltage/low frequency, high voltage/high frequency,
etc.

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B. Test Equipment: Manufacturers should measure and report the true standby power1 requirements
of the product. Doing so necessitates the use of a true power watt meter. Because there are
many watt meters from which to choose, manufacturers need to exercise care in selecting an
appropriate model. The following items should be considered when procuring equipment and
performing the test:
1.	AC Power Source (with sufficient output current for the test unit that meets the requirement
for AC line voltage, frequency stability, and THD).
2.	True Power Meter (with sufficient accuracy, resolution, crest factor rating, and bandwidth).
3.	Oscilloscope with Current Probe (to monitor AC line current waveform, amplitude, and
frequency. Optional but recommended).
4.	True RMS Volt Meter (to verify voltage at the input of test unit. Optional if AC source output
is sufficiently accurate).
5.	Frequency Counter (to verify frequency at the input of test unit. Optional if AC source output
is sufficiently accurate).
Crest Factor: Electronics equipment may draw current that is not sinusoidal.2 While virtually any
watt meter can measure a standard current waveform, it is more difficult to select a watt meter
when irregular current waveforms are involved.
It is critical that the watt meter selected be capable of reading the current drawn by the product
without causing internal peak distortion (i.e., clipping off the top of the current wave). This
requires a review of the meter's crest factor rating and the current ranges available on the meter.
Better meters will have higher crest factor specifications and more choices of current ranges.
To determine the crest factor rating requirement of the meter and the proper current range
settings, the peak current (amps) draw of the product under test in standby mode must first be
measured. This can be accomplished using an oscilloscope with a current probe.
A current range on the meter must be selected that is sufficient to register the peak current.
Specifically, the full scale value of the current range selected multiplied by the crest factor of the
meter (for current) must be greater than the peak current reading from the oscilloscope by at least
15 percent to compensate for any measurement error. (Note: It is difficult to measure within 5
percent using an analog oscilloscope.) For example, if a watt meter has a crest factor of 4 and
the current range is set on 3 amps, the meter can register current spikes of up to 12 amps. If
measured peak current is only 6 amps, the meter would be satisfactory. If, however, the current
range is set too high, the meter may lose accuracy in measuring non-peak current. Therefore,
some delicate balancing is necessary. Make sure that the crest factor is given for the current
level that you desire for the meter that you are considering.
1
True power is defined as (volts)x(amps)x(power factor) and is typically reported as watts. Apparent power is defined
as (volts)x(amps) and is usually expressed in terms of VA or volt-amps. The power factor for equipment with switching
power supplies is always less than 1.0; therefore, true power is always less than apparent power.
2
The crest factor of a current waveform is defined as the ratio of the peak current (amps) to the RMS current
(amps). The crest factor for a sinusoidal 60 Hz current waveform is always 1.4. The crest factor for a current
waveform associated with a product containing a switching power supply will always be greater than 1.4 (though
typically no higher than 8).

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Figure 1
Current of Unit
Under Test
1.50
Sinewave Current
1.00
0.50
120
420
520
620
-0.50
-1.00 --
-1.50
Time
Frequency Response: Another issue to consider when selecting a watt meter is the frequency
response rating of the meter. Electronic equipment may cause harmonic waveforms that can lead
to inaccuracies in the power measurements. For example, electronics equipment powered by
switching power supplies typically produces odd harmonics up to the 21st. To ensure that the
harmonics are properly addressed, Energy Star recommends the use of a watt meter with
frequency response of at least 3 kHz. This will account for harmonics up to the 50th, which is
recommended by IEC 555.
Resolution: Manufacturers should choose a watt meter that can provide resolution of 0.1 W.
Accuracy: Catalogues and specification sheets for watt meters typically provide information on
the accuracy of power readings that can be achieved at different range settings. If the power
measurement is very close to the energy-efficiency guideline specified in these Program
Requirements (Eligibility Criteria), a test procedure with greater accuracy will be necessary. For
example, if the Energy Star specification is 1.0 watt or less and the resulting accuracy of the watt
meter at the test settings is ± 0.1 watts, then a power measurement of less than 0.9 watts will
ensure that the product qualifies for Energy Star.
Calibration: To maintain their accuracy, watt meters should be calibrated every year with a
standard that is traceable to the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS).
C. Test Method: Following are the test steps for measuring the true power requirements of the test
unit in standby mode:
1.	Power on all test equipment and properly adjust operation range.
2.	Connect the test equipment and unit under test.
3.	Check for normal operation of the test unit and leave all customer adjustment to factory
default settings.
4.	Bring the test unit into standby mode (not off mode) either by using the remote control device
or by using the ON/OFF switch on the test unit cabinet.
5.	Either verify that the wall outlet power is within specifications or adjust the AC power source
output as described in Section A (e.g., 115Vrms ± 3Vrms, 60Hz ± 3Hz).

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6.	Set the power meter current range. The full scale value selected multiplied by the crest factor
rating (Ipeak/lrms) of the meter must be greater than the peak current reading from the
oscilloscope.
7.	After the unit under test reaches operating temperature and the readings on the power meter
stabilize (approximately 90 minutes), take the true power reading in watts from the power
meter.
8.	Record the test conditions and test data. The measurement time shall be sufficiently long to
measure the correct average value to within a +10% - 0% error. If the device has different
standby modes that can be manually selected, the measurement should be taken with the
device in the most energy consumptive mode. If the modes are cycled through automatically,
the measurement time should be long enough to obtain a true average that includes all
modes.
D.	Responsibilities: Energy Star's test criteria are not mandatory, but they will be distributed to
outside parties such as buyers and the press. Following the test criteria and producing accurate
test results will assist manufacturers in qualifying and labeling products as Energy Star.
Companies may determine the appropriate level of stringency and accuracy for their own testing
based on their specific products.
E.	Continuing Verification: This testing procedure (protocol) describes the method by which a single
unit may be tested and qualify as an Energy Star labeled product. An ongoing testing process is
highly recommended to ensure that products from different production runs qualify for Energy
Star. A model may qualify as Energy Star if testing indicates that 95 percent of the units sold
under this model name/number will meet the specifications contained in these Program
Requirements (Eligibility Criteria).
6)	Effective Date: The date that manufacturers may begin to qualify products as Energy Star will be
defined as the effective date of the agreement.
A.	Phase I: The first phase of this program, Phase I, shall commence immediately and conclude on
December 31, 2002. Upon signing this agreement, the Partner may begin to use the Energy Star
logo on product models, packaging, or other product-related materials that meet Phase I
specifications.
B.	Phase II: The second phase of this program, Phase II, shall commence on January 1, 2003.
Specifications for Phase II shall apply to products that the Partner begins to ship after December 31,
2002. However, once an individual product model is qualified by the Partner as Energy Star, the
model, packaging, or other product-related materials may continue to bear the Energy Star logo until
the model is phased out of the market (i.e., the Phase II specifications will not apply retroactively to
models previously qualified under Phase I specifications).
7)	Future Specification Revisions: Energy Star reserves the right to change the specification should
technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment.
In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through industry
discussions.

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