Fact Sheet on National Data Center Energy Efficiency Information Program
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
March 19, 2008
ENERGY H
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Summary: The voluntary National Data Center Energy Efficiency Information Program has been
initiated. The Program coordinates a wide variety of activities from the DOE Industrial Technologies
Program Save Energy Now initiative, the DOE Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP), and the
EPA ENERGY STAR program. The program is engaging numerous industry stakeholders who are
developing and deploying a variety of tools and informational resources to assist data center operators in
their efforts to reduce energy consumption in their facilities. These groups include, for example: 7 x 24
Exchange, AFCOM, American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE), Critical Facilities Roundtable, Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC), Silicon
Valley Leadership Group, The Green Grid Association, and The Uptime Institute.
Background: U.S. data centers consume a growing portion of the U.S. energy/electricity supply due to
growing demand for the services they provide. Data centers used 61 billion kWh of electricity in 2006,
representing 1.5% of all U.S. electricity consumption and double the amount consumed in 2000. Based
on current trends, energy consumed by data centers will continue to grow by 12% per year.
Opportunity: The existence of best energy management practices and best available technology to
process digital information (i.e., energy efficient computer servers and virtualization server software), to
deliver and condition electrical power to supply power to computers, and to remove the heat rejected
from data center information technology (IT) equipment in an energy efficient manner provides an
opportunity to significantly improve a data center's energy efficiency.
The EPA report to Congress1
estimated that if state-of-the-art
technology were adopted then
energy efficiency could be
improved by as much as 70
percent (see Figure 1). However,
even saving a modest 10 percent
of total energy use would amount
to energy savings of 10.7 billion
kilowatt-hours per year — an
amount equivalent to the
electricity consumed by one
million US households and valued
at about $740 million.2
1	Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency, Public Law 109-431, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, ENERGY STAR Program, August 2, 2007.
2	U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). 2007. Annual Energy Outlook 2007. Energy Information Administration. Report
DOE/EIA-0383(2007).
Figure 1: Comparison of Projected Electricity Use, 2007 - 20111
140
Future energy
use projections
Historical energy use
Historical trends
scenario
120
Current efficiency
trends scenario
100
Energy savings goal of 10%
10.7 billion kWh/yr by 2011
Improved operation
scenario
80
60
Best practice
40
State of the art
20
0



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¦	Use a methodology similar to that employed for other building types in the ENERGY STAR
program, with a rating given on a 1-100 scale.
¦	Make the rating available through EPA's Portfolio Manager on-line energy tracking tool to allow
current users to add data centers to the portfolio of buildings they are already managing using the
tool.
¦	Provide users with information and links to additional resources to aid in their efforts to
determine next steps after receiving an energy performance rating for their data center, such as
using the Save Energy Now "DC Pro" software tool suite.
Data center owners and operators will use the rating to assess the performance of their buildings relative
to each other and to those nationally, as a primary means of identifying those with the largest
opportunities for improvement. The rating will explain how their data center infrastructure is
performing in terms of energy use, but it will not explain why. To determine next steps to improve the
energy efficiency of their data centers, users will be directed to a variety of energy management
resources and other technical guidance. They will be encouraged to continually update their data in
Portfolio Manager to see new ratings in order to determine the impacts of any energy efficiency projects
they are implementing. Those whose energy performance is in the top 25 percent of similar buildings
will be eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR label for the building.
Key current and planned activities for ENERGY STAR data center buildings include:
¦	Industry stakeholder meetings to discuss data collection needs.
¦	Collection of energy use data from over 100 existing data centers.
¦	Review and analysis of data collected to develop an energy performance model for data center
infrastructure.
¦	Making the data center infrastructure rating available in the ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager
tool.
¦	Awarding the ENERGY STAR label for top-performing stand-alone data centers.
For more information visit:
ENERGY STAR data center webpage
www, energy star, gov/datacenters
Portfolio Manager webpage
www, energvstar. gov/benchmark
ENERGY STAR labeled building webpage
www.energvstar. gov/inde\.cfm?c=business.bus bldgs
EPA ENERGY STAR IT Equipment Activities and Resources
At the core of every data center is the information technology (IT) equipment, which consists of
computer servers, data storage, and networking equipment. The use of IT is an increasingly necessary
strategic component for organizations around the world to achieve company goals and objectives.
A datacenter's site infrastructure is comprised of uninterruptible power supplies, power distribution

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operation of the IT equipment. This is accomplished in part by delivering consistent power to the IT
equipment and removing waste heat from the facility to keep this equipment cool and operating
properly. IT equipment that consumes less energy to perform a given computing task will exhaust less
waste heat, leaving a smaller cooling burden for the building's air conditioning units, and lessening the
demand on the electrical grid from the overall facility operation. For every watt of energy saved in
operating the IT equipment, one watt or more will also be saved at the site infrastructure level.
Improved energy performance in IT equipment may also aid data center managers in overcoming power-
ceiling budgets at the facility or the server rack level, while complementing, or improving, site reliability
and uptime. Moreover, in addition to lower utility bills, more efficient IT may also delay costly capital
expenditures and alleviate the need for expansion of existing facilities or the construction of new ones.
EPA has identified computer servers as its top data center IT priority at this time, and believes that
helping organizations to identify the most efficient servers through the use of the ENERGY STAR label
represents a major energy savings opportunity. EPA is currently in the process of developing ENERGY
STAR specifications for enterprise servers, and released the first draft server specification on February
14, 2008. EPA will follow its well established process for product specification development, and plans
to work with industry throughout 2008 to finalize the specification. The process being used is the same
as that used for other types of products.3 In the first draft, EPA stated the need to work with all
stakeholders to:
¦	Define key specification framework elements including explicit technical product definitions.
¦	Broadly address as many key market segments as possible without defining a one-size-fits-all
specification for servers.
¦	Develop a combination of energy efficiency performance criteria and other requirements that
marry technical merit, current business practice, and market realities to recognize the most
efficient products currently available.
¦	Complete the specification as quickly as feasible while ensuring a systematic and transparent
process.
Key planned activities for ENERGY STAR IT equipment include:
¦	Releasing 2 or more additional draft specifications for enterprise servers.
¦	Holding on-line and/or in-person meetings to discuss comments on each draft.
¦	Developing and publishing a final specification for enterprise servers.
¦	Consideration of the opportunity to develop specifications for additional products, including
possibly data storage and networking equipment.
For more information visit:
ENERGY STAR data center webpage
www, energy star, gov/datacenters
ENERGY STAR Enterprise Servers webpage
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new specs.enterprise servers
3 The process for the development of ENERGY STAR product specifications can be found at

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Save	
ENERGY
	Now
DOE SAVE ENERGY NOW
The DOE Industrial Technologies Program is spearheading a broad initiative that harnesses public and
private sector resources to drive a 25% reduction in industrial energy intensity over the next 10 years.
ITP is engaging other federal agencies, leading corporations, states, utilities, universities, and other
organizations to accelerate industry adoption of the technologies and practices that will enable increased
production with reduced energy requirements. The Save Energy Now initiative reinforces energy
efficiency as a profitable business model and paves the way for free enterprise to affirm America's
global leadership in energy technology. The Save Energy Now initiative provides the resources industry
needs to identify and implement the most cost-effective options for energy savings, including a Pledge
program, plant assessments, standards development, tools and training, and recognition programs within
ITP and its partner organizations. To date, more than 16,000 manufacturing plants have used these
resources to reduce the energy intensity of their operations. As an all-inclusive initiative, Save Energy
Now seeks to help all 200,000 US industrial facilities, wherever they currently stand along the energy
efficiency continuum, to reduce their energy intensity and carbon footprint to the greatest extent
practical.
Save Energy Now has now targeted data centers as a high-growth and energy intensive sector of the US
economy as an important area to improve energy efficiency. Save Energy Now is developing a tool
suite backed with a training curriculum, energy assessment protocols, best-in-class guidelines, a process
to certify data center energy experts, and is considering working with industry on a voluntary
certification process that will validate any data center's continual improvement in energy efficiency
(similar to the ANSI-accredited plant energy certification program being developed by Save Energy
Now, EPA, NIST, Texas Industries of the Future, industry and ANSI).
Figure 2: Data Center Energy Efficiency Areas
Load management
Server innovation
Better air management
Move to liquid cooling
Optimized chilled-water plants
Use of free cooling
Power
Conversion &
Distribution
t
V
Server Load/
Computing
Operations
High voltage distribution
Use of DC power
Highly efficient UPS systems
Efficient redundancy strategies
t
Alternative
Power
Generation
V
n
On-site generation
CHP applications
Waste heat for cooling
Use of renewable energy


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FEMP is currently developing plans to deliver the Save Energy Now data center energy efficiency tools
and resources to a variety of Federal data centers. FEMP is also embarking on a survey of Federal data
centers to better understand the energy characteristics, loads, expected growth and the overall facilities
infrastructure.
DOE Federal Energy Management Program Activities and Resources
The Federal Energy Management Program is assisting Federal agencies to make their datacenters more
energy efficient by:
¦	Raising awareness for data center energy efficiency opportunities through workshops and
technical sessions with GSA, and at GovEnergy and Labs21 conferences, and other forums as
appropriate.
¦	Conducting a DOE data center facility survey
¦	Facilitating the testing of the DC Pro tool suite at DOE data centers.
¦	Forming strategic alliances with other Federal agencies to coordinate Federal datacenter
activities, when needed, and to disseminate use of the DC Pro tool suite.
¦	Providing the opportunity to Federal sites for recognition of "Best in Class" data centers at
Federal Energy Management Program award ceremonies.
¦	Raising the awareness of and facilitating the transfer of the DC Pro tool suite to energy savings
companies and utility companies so that energy efficiency projects can be implemented in the
Federal sector.
For more information visit:
Save Energy Now data center webpage
www, eere. energy. gov/datacenters
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ON DATA CENTER ENERGY EFFICIENCY
In addition to the tools and resources being developed by DOE and EPA, there are a large number of
industry associations and other organizations that provide valuable tools and information to assist
owners and operators of data centers in their efforts to improve the energy efficiency of their operations.
Many also sponsor regular meetings and conferences. Interested owners and operators might consider
continuing their research using the following resources.4
Industry Associations and Research Organizations
7x24 Exchange - www.7x24exchange.org - Membership organization, primarily data center owners
and operators. From the organization's website: "7x24 Exchange is the leading knowledge exchange
for those who design, build, use and maintain mission-critical enterprise information infrastructures.
7x24 Exchange's goal is to improve end-to-end reliability by promoting dialogue among these groups."
AFCOM - www.afcom.com- Membership organization of companies serving data centers. From the
organization's website: "Since 1981, AFCOM is the only association dedicated to providing education
and resources for data center managers. Our mission is to enable data center management professionals
4 Statements "From the organization's website" shown in this section represent how the organization characterizes itself and

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to share industry best practices by providing a forum for dissemination of critical information; to
provide education on key data center management issues; to provide the industry's most comprehensive
insight and analysis in key areas affecting all data-intensive organizations; and to be the most
comprehensive and effective resource available to the overall data center community."
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) -
http://tc99.ashraetcs.org - International organization of 50,000 professionals that pursues research,
standards writing, publishing and continuing education. ASHRAE has formed Technical Committee 9.9
to focus on mission critical facilities, technology spaces and electronic equipment. From the TC 9.9
organization's mission statement: "To be recognized amongst all areas of the datacom industry as the
unbiased engineering leader in HVAC and an effective provider of technical information for the
datacom industry.
Critical Facilities Roundtable - www.cfroundtable.org - Membership organization for operators of
critical facilities. From the organization's website: "The Critical Facilities Roundtable is dedicated to
the discussion and resolution of industry issues regarding mission-critical facilities, their engineering
and design, and their maintenance."
Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC) - www.itic.org - Industry lobbying organization.
From the organization's website: "The Information Technology Industry Council (ITI) is the premier
group of the nation's leading high-tech companies and widely recognized as the tech industry's most
effective lobbying organization in Washington, in various foreign capitals, and the WTO."
Silicon Valley Leadership Group - http://svlg.net - Membership organization of companies in the
Silicon Valley region of California. From the organization's website: "The Silicon Valley Leadership
Group (SVLG) is organized to involve principal officers and senior managers of member companies in a
cooperative effort with local, regional, state, and federal government officials to address major public
policy issues affecting the economic health and quality of life in Silicon Valley."
The Green Grid - www.thegreengrid.org - Membership organization, primarily hardware and software
manufacturers, but also includes some users. From the organization's website: "The Green Grid is a
global consortium dedicated to advancing energy efficiency in data centers and business computing
ecosystems."
The Uptime Institute - www.uptimeinstitute.org - Membership organization of data center operators
and companies serving the industry. From the organization's website: "The Site Uptime Network's
mission is to identify, quantify and improve infrastructure availability. It achieves this by providing the
best possible information exchange between members themselves, and between members and industry
experts on the staff of The Uptime Institute."
Data Center Meetings and Conferences
1105 Government Information Group - www. 1 105govinfo.com - From the organization's website:
"1105 Government Information Group is the leading provider of integrated information and media for
the government information technology market. Our comprehensive portfolio of print, online, event,
custom media and research products distinctively serves the information needs of the government IT
buying team—agency executives, program managers, IT managers and systems integrators—across all

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Data Center Dynamics - www.datacenterdvnamics.com - From the organization's website: "The
Datacenter Dynamics Global Conference and Expo Series is the leading source of information and the
largest gathering of professionals involved in the design, construction and operation of 24/7 mission
critical IT facilities in the worlds top business cities. It is an unrivalled education and networking
opportunity."
Next Generation Data Center - www.ngdcexpo.com - From the organization's website: Next
Generation Data Center (NGDC) is targeted to enterprise IT professionals ranging from IT architects to
system administrators all seeking the right products and services to create their end-to-end solutions as
they adapt to ever increasing needs for flexibility, scalability and performance. NGDC will focus on
new technologies and their impact on the data center, covering mission-critical applications and the
technology supporting those applications including storage, servers, databases, networking and

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