Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S. Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009

Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
The objective of this study is to illuminate regional patterns of dependence on intermittent, ephemeral and headwater streams (I/E/H) for water that supplies public surface
drinking water systems in the continental United States. This was accomplished by analyzing the stream types found in Source Protection Areas (SPAs). A SPA is the area
upstream from a drinking water intake that provides water to a public drinking water system during a 24 hour period. Each system serves a specific population, based on county.
The percent of streams in SPAs that are I/E/H was calculated by determining the proportion of I/E/H out of all the stream miles contained in the mapped SPAs for each
geographic unit. "Total Population Served" is the sum of all populations served by public drinking water systems for that unit whereas the "Population Dependent" includes
only populations for those systems fed by SPAs containing I/E/H waters. AK and HI excluded due to lack of data. Data Sources: National Hydrography Dataset at medium
resolution and the Federal Safe Drinking Water Information System (4th Quarter 2006).
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
AL Bibb
4,140
4,140
100%
2.3
2.3
99.75%
2.3
0.0
2.3
AL Blount
35,286
35,286
100%
107.2
70.6
66%
67.5
52.4
52.8
AL Calhoun
69,160
69,000
99.77%
179.5
99.7
56%
97.3
61.7
112.0
AL Chambers
4,091
4,091
100%
344.2
181.4
53%
179.0
107.1
116.6
AL Cherokee
5,250
5,250
100%
279.9
141.2
50%
141.2
56.1
126.0
AL Chilton
13,500
13,500
100%
25.1
19.0
76%
19.0
7.9
13.9
AL Clarke
7,602
7,602
100%
483.2
243.6
50%
237.0
186.4
235.3
ALClay
990
990
100%
19.5
13.7
70%
13.7
3.4
13.9
AL Cleburne
3,690
3,690
100%
9.6
7.1
74%
7.1
2.8
6.8
AL Colbert
63,292
63,292
100%
964.3
419.7
44%
419.7
0.0
724.0
AL Cullman
450
450
100%
93.6
57.0
61%
56.6
38.8
42.7
AL DeKalb
59,955
59,955
100%
885.8
481.8
54%
481.5
18.4
683.1
AL Elmore
40,477
40,477
100%
273.7
129.0
47%
125.9
51.6
114.3
AL Etowah
58,689
47,289
81%
209.6
119.8
57%
119.5
45.9
109.6
AL Fayette
12,378
12,378
100%
121.7
85.4
70%
79.4
52.4
66.8
AL Franklin
14,325
14,325
100%
10.0
8.4
84%
8.4
0.0
8.6
AL Jackson
55,134
55,134
100%
1,166.1
659.0
57%
659.0
0.5
974.9
AL Jefferson
635,417
635,417
100%
549.7
245.5
45%
238.4
133.6
221.2
AL Lauderdale
66,900
66,900
100%
697.7
302.1
43%
302.1
0.0
503.6
AL Lawrence
7,440
7,440
100%
15.4
9.0
58%
9.0
0.3
13.3
AL Lee
115,710
115,710
100%
553.1
323.7
59%
317.7
186.1
293.8
AL Limestone
71,322
71,322
100%
342.5
204.3
60%
204.3
0.0
327.9
AL Macon
13,500
13,500
100%
430.5
226.1
53%
218.9
96.6
236.3
AL Madison
247,668
247,668
100%
703.7
348.5
50%
340.7
126.5
399.5
AL Marion
23,410
23,410
100%
367.3
230.9
63%
225.1
204.8
146.0
AL Marshall
78,239
78,239
100%
305.1
177.5
58%
170.9
120.2
164.7
AL Mobile
274,995
274,995
100%
15.2
10.3
68%
8.0
3.4
9.5
AL Montgomery
240,840
240,840
100%
408.0
225.4
55%
203.1
133.8
222.6
AL Morgan
103,230
103,230
100%
883.2
422.6
48%
417.2
41.2
645.5
AL Randolph
12,204
12,204
100%
141.1
74.5
53%
74.5
61.1
77.7
AL Russell
35,358
35,358
100%
426.4
249.8
59%
236.0
157.2
192.8
AL Shelby
9,300
0
0%
2.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
2.1
AL St.Clair
9,237
5,565
60%
5.9
2.0
34%
2.0
2.0
3.9
AL Sumter
3,708
3,708
100%
0.4
0.4
100%
0.4
0.0
0.0
AL Talladega
42,947
42,947
100%
430.1
230.0
53%
229.0
142.7
191.6
AL Tallapoosa
27,000
27,000
100%
267.9
139.3
52%
139.3
66.0
158.4
AL Tuscaloosa
198,975
198,975
100%
226.4
121.7
54%
112.9
95.7
71.9
AL Walker
29,760
29,760
100%
181.6
95.7
53%
95.1
47.1
113.6
AL Wilcox
2,418
2,418
100%
462.8
250.5
54%
229.3
213.3
169.3
AL Winston
7,872
7,872
100%
55.7
30.9
55%
30.6
20.6
22.2
AR Ashley
25
25
100%
3.9
3.9
100%
3.9
3.9
0.0
AR Baxter
15,458
15,458
100%
3.3
3.3
100%
3.3
2.7
0.0
AR Benton
15,088
15,088
100%
350.3
227.6
65%
209.0
213.1
95.7
AR Carroll
0
0
0%
117.2
60.8
52%
56.1
47.6
6.4
AR Clark
11,300
11,300
100%
478.2
307.1
64%
259.9
295.9
137.5
AR Cleburne
27,347
27,347
100%
355.8
209.8
59%
196.3
180.8
68.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
AR Columbia
11,000
11,000
100%
67.1
50.9
76%
43.7
48.9
18.1
AR Conway
19,685
19,685
100%
9.8
7.8
79%
6.2
7.1
2.7
AR Crawford
7,998
7,998
100%
65.2
46.6
71%
42.4
42.5
20.8
AR Faulkner
52,000
52,000
100%
140.8
77.7
55%
59.4
72.1
65.3
AR Franklin
7,419
7,419
100%
271.3
196.8
73%
166.2
189.2
78.5
AR Fulton
6,960
0
0%
1.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
1.3
AR Garland
87,515
87,515
100%
423.1
241.0
57%
232.8
158.4
140.5
AR Flempstead
11,405
11,405
100%
187.1
90.0
48%
79.0
62.5
54.9
AR FlotSpring
16,453
16,453
100%
356.1
238.8
67%
225.9
188.3
93.0
AR Floward
6,278
6,278
100%
350.8
237.3
68%
220.0
183.8
117.2
AR Independence
20,967
20,967
100%
636.0
423.7
67%
378.5
378.1
214.1
AR Johnson
9,055
9,055
100%
94.9
68.6
72%
53.8
65.6
26.1
AR LittleRiver
4,250
4,250
100%
8.6
7.5
88%
7.5
0.0
8.6
AR Logan
9,359
9,359
100%
75.6
65.6
87%
56.6
64.6
7.2
AR Madison
0
0
0%
109.6
51.0
47%
46.8
36.3
5.3
AR Marion
2
2
100%
314.7
179.4
57%
160.6
152.6
28.4
AR Miller
28,775
28,775
100%
8.6
7.5
88%
7.5
0.0
8.6
AR Montgomery
3,388
3,388
100%
118.9
89.1
75%
79.6
75.6
43.2
AR Nevada
4,275
4,275
100%
201.9
114.4
57%
95.4
112.3
89.3
AR Ouachita
13,010
13,010
100%
298.3
174.6
59%
114.0
163.7
88.4
ARPerry
4,233
4,233
100%
5.6
5.0
90%
4.7
5.0
0.0
AR Pike
3,907
3,907
100%
400.0
278.0
70%
257.1
244.5
113.3
AR Polk
9,260
9,260
100%
300.9
169.5
56%
169.0
26.5
253.3
AR Pope
33,011
33,011
100%
328.2
249.4
76%
207.3
242.7
70.7
AR Pulaski
323,242
323,242
100%
155.6
105.2
68%
96.5
73.9
46.7
AR Randolph
6,798
6,798
100%
239.0
134.2
56%
99.5
131.9
60.0
AR Saline
19,900
19,900
100%
289.4
195.9
68%
171.1
183.1
100.2
AR Scott
4,325
4,325
100%
18.0
11.4
63%
11.3
8.0
8.6
AR Searcy
2,380
2,380
100%
1.1
1.1
100%
1.1
1.1
0.0
AR Sebastian
98,506
98,506
100%
279.3
186.2
67%
159.9
162.2
97.5
AR Sevier
5,723
5,723
100%
111.8
62.9
56%
62.9
20.2
80.9
ARSharp
780
780
100%
0.1
0.1
100%
0.0
0.1
0.0
AR Stone
6,892
6,892
100%
365.8
235.9
64%
193.0
210.5
131.7
AR VanBuren
6,200
6,200
100%
143.7
101.2
70%
83.2
100.2
28.7
AR Washington
4,307
4,307
100%
49.3
34.2
69%
30.3
33.2
4.9
AR White
24,500
24,500
100%
326.6
231.2
71%
200.0
223.6
97.4
AR Yell
5,209
5,209
100%
200.4
150.0
75%
102.1
148.4
24.9
AZ Cochise
1,660
1,660
100%
8.4
8.4
100%
8.4
8.4
0.0
AZ Coconino
82,058
82,058
100%
655.5
487.2
74%
336.8
448.7
16.7
AZ Gila
674
674
100%
142.6
118.4
83%
95.9
107.7
31.7
AZ Graham
800
800
100%
6.9
6.9
99.92%
5.0
6.9
0.0
AZ Greenlee
1,879
1,879
100%
204.7
182.5
89%
125.0
182.0
21.7
AZ LaPaz
5,754
5,754
100%
1,361.1
1,224.5
90%
823.7
1,188.3
18.4
AZ Maricopa
3,014,148
3,014,148
100%
2,594.7
1,848.9
71%
843.4
1,833.7
47.6
AZ Mohave
1,470
1,470
100%
843.6
762.5
90%
442.3
733.4
0.0
AZ Pima
240
240
100%
3.3
3.3
100%
3.3
3.3
0.0
AZ Yuma
145,918
145,918
100%
2,297.8
1,755.3
76%
484.7
1,737.2
27.7
CA Alameda
1,830,111
1,830,111
100%
708.9
321.0
45%
226.0
298.7
97.2
CA Alpine
3,775
3,775
100%
21.1
18.9
90%
18.5
11.4
7.9
CA Amador
21,597
21,597
100%
790.5
466.2
59%
395.3
374.0
279.5
CA Butte
58,512
58,512
100%
225.0
123.7
55%
115.1
100.5
67.0
CA Calaveras
45,543
45,543
100%
929.3
638.1
69%
504.9
566.7
258.7
CA Colusa
240
240
100%
103.3
75.5
73%
71.0
54.7
48.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
CA ContraCosta
250,295
250,295
100%
535.3
192.2
36%
103.6
171.4
40.8
CA DelNorte
4,904
4,904
100%
605.0
352.3
58%
351.6
24.1
580.8
CA ElDorado
193,357
193,357
100%
993.4
545.6
55%
527.7
322.7
578.8
CA Fresno
11,232
11,207
99.78%
2,571.8
842.8
33%
457.8
611.0
423.3
CA Glenn
300
300
100%
177.5
140.3
79%
99.2
135.3
27.7
CA Humboldt
18,559
18,534
99.87%
1,398.7
883.4
63%
838.4
490.1
858.5
CA Imperial
27,787
27,627
99%
1,503.9
254.9
17%
92.5
169.0
141.3
CAInyo
260
260
100%
221.5
214.2
97%
130.0
214.2
0.6
CA Kern
292,661
292,661
100%
3,421.9
1,118.5
33%
252.8
1,079.3
101.2
CAKings
11,116
11,116
100%
917.2
217.9
24%
25.5
206.5
44.6
CA Lake
35,791
35,791
100%
627.0
409.9
65%
339.6
284.4
216.1
CA LosAngeles
691,455
691,430
100%
2,785.5
2,360.3
85%
1,239.5
2,246.6
143.9
CA Madera
8,385
8,285
99%
297.7
234.7
79%
176.7
199.9
61.7
CA Marin
256,447
256,447
100%
250.4
161.4
64%
149.0
112.7
109.2
CA Mariposa
11,349
11,349
100%
807.6
560.4
69%
499.8
328.7
434.6
CA Mendocino
21,455
21,345
99.49%
922.0
609.2
66%
483.6
442.1
420.1
CA Merced
8,953
8,953
100%
187.4
132.1
70%
80.4
122.5
0.0
CA Mono
14,901
14,901
100%
80.2
49.8
62%
49.8
5.8
63.4
CA Monterey
90,839
90,839
100%
617.8
455.5
74%
383.6
362.5
233.3
CA Napa
7,965
7,965
100%
60.4
49.5
82%
43.2
41.2
5.6
CA Nevada
39,307
39,307
100%
194.2
77.5
40%
75.4
34.2
81.5
CA Orange
6,251
6,251
100%
113.8
106.7
94%
65.8
105.1
3.7
CA Placer
137,500
137,500
100%
296.7
138.7
47%
130.1
40.5
168.9
CA Plumas
5,491
5,491
100%
145.5
98.3
68%
94.1
38.9
85.6
CA Riverside
252,118
252,118
100%
638.7
503.1
79%
245.3
451.4
51.4
CA Sacramento
138,261
138,261
100%
648.5
354.2
55%
306.3
294.4
239.4
CA SanBenito
497
497
100%
62.9
62.9
100%
29.2
61.8
1.0
CA SanBernardino
389,798
389,748
99.99%
2,143.7
1,773.1
83%
1,119.3
1,680.7
147.1
CA SanDiego
679,769
679,769
100%
241.3
178.1
74%
106.5
168.6
22.4
CA SanFrancisco
3,650
650
18%
719.7
434.9
60%
388.0
179.5
444.8
CA SanJoaquin
6,700
6,700
100%
793.1
225.7
28%
109.6
187.8
87.1
CA SanMateo
130,203
130,203
100%
221.1
126.7
57%
115.8
55.1
125.6
CA SantaBarbara
110,941
110,891
99.95%
2,488.5
715.5
29%
198.1
684.7
124.6
CA SantaClara
999,423
999,423
100%
257.9
168.7
65%
147.0
125.8
107.4
CA SantaCruz
124,832
124,632
99.84%
237.5
141.8
60%
139.7
24.2
207.3
CA Shasta
36,632
36,632
100%
1,094.4
634.3
58%
571.7
313.5
597.2
CA Sierra
696
696
100%
48.1
29.8
62%
29.8
2.6
44.1
CA Siskiyou
4,832
4,832
100%
733.6
481.6
66%
451.7
206.4
506.0
CA Solano
38,719
38,719
100%
48.5
39.3
81%
24.7
28.9
12.2
CA Sonoma
11,302
10,402
92%
613.0
341.3
56%
321.8
205.6
346.9
CA Stanislaus
3,161
3,161
100%
602.4
244.6
41%
163.5
238.6
61.3
CA Tehama
1,038
1,038
100%
219.9
142.3
65%
131.2
102.1
113.2
CATrinity
14,933
14,933
100%
1,731.1
1,080.5
62%
1,048.7
368.1
1,268.5
CA Tulare
18,363
18,363
100%
806.6
489.2
61%
377.6
200.8
485.8
CA Tuolumne
61,522
60,522
98%
1,016.8
692.4
68%
557.1
552.6
277.5
CA Ventura
174,250
174,250
100%
119.6
92.8
78%
65.1
86.5
13.1
CA Yolo
200
200
100%
150.6
96.9
64%
82.4
74.4
19.5
CA Yuba
12,182
12,182
100%
270.9
168.8
62%
140.5
146.1
75.1
CO Adams
326,345
326,345
100%
808.0
353.5
44%
265.0
305.6
190.9
CO Arapahoe
346,541
346,541
100%
648.9
385.2
59%
351.9
313.8
231.1
CO Archuleta
15,366
15,366
100%
294.3
183.4
62%
170.4
102.4
161.6
CO Boulder
348,179
348,179
100%
1,001.3
477.4
48%
354.8
260.6
462.2
CO Broomfield
51,687
51,687
100%
3.7
1.5
42%
1.5
1.5
0.0

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
CO Chaffee
9,196
9,196
100%
231.3
157.1
68%
149.9
84.0
138.6
CO ClearCreek
18,178
18,178
100%
59.9
46.0
77%
46.0
0.0
59.3
CO Conejos
205
205
100%
1.4
1.4
100%
0.0
1.4
0.0
CO Custer
122
88
72%
15.0
4.7
31%
4.7
0.0
15.0
CO Delta
9,824
9,824
100%
590.0
362.6
61%
353.8
164.9
366.1
CO Denver
1,000,000
1,000,000
100%
538.7
321.9
60%
317.8
142.5
379.4
CO Dolores
1,200
1,200
100%
6.0
6.0
99.96%
6.0
3.7
2.3
CO Douglas
88,042
0
0%
1.4
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
COEagle
62,279
62,279
100%
308.4
216.8
70%
197.9
113.7
172.7
CO ElPaso
422,419
421,644
99.82%
1,015.8
752.8
74%
511.9
636.4
223.9
CO Fremont
52,208
51,541
99%
1,229.1
837.5
68%
647.3
785.8
356.3
CO Garfield
33,966
33,966
100%
1,963.4
1,171.5
60%
976.4
855.8
794.6
CO Gilpin
18,732
18,732
100%
30.9
21.9
71%
21.9
2.5
28.4
CO Grand
23,446
23,300
99%
495.4
263.7
53%
247.4
79.8
330.1
CO Gunnison
8,344
6,639
80%
922.2
574.4
62%
530.1
303.6
566.5
CO Hinsdale
56
56
100%
71.3
43.6
61%
43.6
13.3
54.7
CO Huerfano
6,763
6,763
100%
216.5
149.1
69%
125.8
97.7
106.0
CO Jackson
750
750
100%
185.9
45.5
24%
26.0
35.2
73.1
CO Jefferson
208,573
208,273
99.86%
554.9
327.0
59%
312.7
74.5
417.9
CO Lake
9,828
9,828
100%
10.8
7.1
65%
7.1
0.0
10.4
CO LaPlata
37,069
36,969
99.73%
414.9
245.2
59%
240.0
74.1
307.7
CO Larimer
166,406
166,406
100%
1,432.0
828.5
58%
645.0
638.4
522.2
CO LasAnimas
10,780
10,780
100%
43.0
33.4
78%
33.4
0.0
42.9
CO Mesa
135,147
135,147
100%
1,428.1
1,045.7
73%
824.7
842.0
402.7
CO Mineral
1,808
1,808
100%
7.2
7.2
99.87%
7.2
0.0
7.2
CO Moffat
10,251
10,251
100%
279.8
206.8
74%
155.0
200.9
69.8
CO Montezuma
26,159
26,159
100%
346.8
224.3
65%
198.6
195.4
124.1
CO Montrose
66
66
100%
262.8
142.2
54%
110.6
129.7
91.9
CO Morgan
12,200
12,200
100%
3.7
1.5
42%
1.5
1.5
0.0
CO Otero
4,286
4,286
100%
486.9
96.9
20%
45.1
87.5
20.5
CO Ouray
1,200
1,200
100%
14.5
14.5
99.98%
14.5
0.0
14.5
CO Park
660
660
100%
154.0
93.3
61%
93.3
27.3
114.6
CO Pitkin
39,830
38,091
96%
120.2
74.9
62%
74.9
5.8
103.3
CO Pueblo
145,711
145,711
100%
1,274.6
971.8
76%
603.3
949.6
160.2
CO RioBlanco
2,157
2,157
100%
654.3
592.3
91%
387.9
586.5
61.6
CO RioGrande
1,800
1,800
100%
34.7
34.4
99%
22.8
34.1
0.1
CO Routt
21,134
21,053
99.62%
586.0
359.8
61%
279.9
293.7
263.9
CO Saguache
972
972
100%
14.3
10.3
73%
10.3
8.4
5.8
CO SanJuan
1,540
1,540
100%
392.1
169.6
43%
155.0
84.3
186.0
CO SanMiguel
9,990
9,990
100%
77.0
45.6
59%
25.7
24.5
27.9
CO Summit
48,232
48,232
100%
121.7
82.5
68%
82.5
4.1
110.0
CO Teller
18,066
18,066
100%
39.8
29.4
74%
23.3
18.3
18.8
CO Weld
108,619
108,619
100%
794.4
486.5
61%
318.0
441.5
220.5
CT Fairfield
640,391
640,391
100%
311.7
192.8
62%
192.8
6.8
247.4
CT Hartford
686,427
686,427
100%
275.2
162.8
59%
162.8
19.8
201.3
CT Litchfield
47,278
47,278
100%
47.5
30.3
64%
30.3
0.0
41.8
CT Middlesex
49,156
49,156
100%
385.4
203.2
53%
203.2
24.5
279.2
CT NewHaven
677,002
677,002
100%
217.4
148.8
68%
148.1
27.0
153.7
CT NewLondon
110,900
110,900
100%
47.4
36.0
76%
36.0
0.0
30.5
CT Tolland
2,383
2,383
100%
9.7
5.3
54%
5.3
0.0
8.1
CT Windham
27,493
27,493
100%
167.8
80.3
48%
79.4
8.7
142.7
DE Newcastle
281,400
281,400
100%
344.4
183.6
53%
183.3
68.1
247.4
FL Bay
11,588
11,588
100%
3.1
2.3
76%
2.3
0.0
2.3

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
FL Brevard
455,911
455,911
100%
22.4
5.3
23%
5.3
0.0
1.1
FL Charlotte
29,561
29,561
100%
201.0
49.5
25%
35.4
38.6
43.9
FL Collier
29,117
29,117
100%
9.6
0.6
6%
0.6
0.0
0.6
FL DeSoto
3,301
3,301
100%
200.5
79.5
40%
57.6
59.9
91.8
FL Hendry
809
809
100%
632.8
90.7
14%
63.4
49.3
60.2
FL Hillsborough
550,025
550,025
100%
443.0
195.4
44%
167.9
82.7
269.6
FL Lee
223,602
223,602
100%
535.2
50.8
10%
28.4
32.1
33.9
FL Manatee
307,672
307,672
100%
108.4
53.8
50%
50.5
12.0
62.5
FL Okeechobee
20,000
20,000
100%
240.9
33.4
14%
33.4
0.7
77.8
FL PalmBeach
132,519
132,519
100%
481.1
15.4
3%
15.4
0.0
10.4
FL Sarasota
44,850
44,850
100%
76.8
30.7
40%
25.6
6.0
12.6
GA Baldwin
19,456
19,456
100%
277.7
137.4
49%
134.7
86.3
85.9
GA Banks
6,456
6,456
100%
2.9
2.7
95%
2.7
2.7
0.1
GA Barrow
25,306
25,306
100%
130.3
74.4
57%
74.4
39.7
89.7
GA Bartow
24,830
24,830
100%
2.1
2.1
100%
2.1
0.8
0.0
GA Bibb
133,900
133,900
100%
262.4
139.9
53%
139.4
91.5
134.2
GA Burke
5,813
5,813
100%
122.5
78.1
64%
78.1
43.7
74.9
GA Butts
18,393
18,393
100%
281.0
132.8
47%
132.0
47.4
182.1
GA Carroll
73,537
73,537
100%
169.7
104.0
61%
104.0
23.2
133.3
GA Catoosa
2,743
2,743
100%
152.6
87.7
57%
87.7
0.0
151.4
GA Chatham
10,500
10,500
100%
53.5
17.4
32%
17.4
3.8
43.8
GA Chattooga
12,486
11,034
88%
45.1
34.8
77%
30.8
26.0
19.0
GA Cherokee
159,689
159,689
100%
331.8
186.2
56%
185.5
122.0
207.1
GA Clarke
102,811
102,811
100%
238.1
128.8
54%
127.2
51.2
182.3
GA Clayton
270,000
270,000
100%
222.1
122.1
55%
117.5
40.3
168.0
GA Cobb
0
0
0%
241.5
141.1
58%
141.1
8.2
181.8
GA Columbia
93,600
93,600
100%
13.7
8.0
58%
8.0
1.4
1.7
GA Coweta
30,120
30,120
100%
113.8
66.6
58%
65.8
20.9
87.4
GA Dade
16,900
16,900
100%
79.4
39.1
49%
39.1
0.0
79.1
GA Dawson
12,000
12,000
100%
83.4
50.3
60%
50.0
24.4
57.7
GA DeKalb
1,320,000
1,320,000
100%
475.3
270.2
57%
269.4
55.0
334.4
GA Douglas
107,825
107,825
100%
89.0
58.5
66%
58.5
18.9
67.1
GA Elbert
7,800
7,800
100%
57.0
24.5
43%
23.7
17.0
37.8
GA Fannin
10,976
10,976
100%
262.8
131.5
50%
131.5
0.0
229.8
GA Fayette
66,738
66,738
100%
289.2
155.3
54%
147.7
75.3
196.7
GAFloyd
97,551
93,703
96%
505.7
283.7
56%
269.3
215.3
226.2
GA Forsyth
119,919
119,919
100%
7.0
4.8
69%
4.8
0.5
0.3
GA Franklin
10,808
10,808
100%
129.7
81.1
63%
80.3
36.1
89.3
GA Fulton
57,860
57,860
100%
351.6
192.1
55%
191.3
41.7
235.3
GA Gilmer
13,629
13,629
100%
143.4
73.7
51%
73.7
31.4
110.3
GA Gordon
49,088
49,088
100%
227.6
134.7
59%
130.8
84.2
141.4
GA Greene
5,270
5,270
100%
254.8
146.2
57%
145.9
58.0
194.0
GA Gwinnett
751,850
751,850
100%
18.0
9.5
53%
9.5
2.9
2.8
GA Habersham
16,075
16,075
100%
343.1
210.6
61%
210.0
121.8
213.2
GA Hall
126,620
126,620
100%
125.0
60.7
49%
60.3
33.7
60.2
GA Hancock
3,861
3,861
100%
156.8
81.1
52%
81.1
41.6
107.3
GA Haralson
9,050
9,050
100%
123.2
72.6
59%
72.3
23.6
95.5
GA Harris
19,837
19,837
100%
353.0
171.5
49%
169.7
88.2
193.1
GA Hart
7,116
7,116
100%
32.8
19.1
58%
18.6
8.3
18.9
GA Heard
8,172
8,172
100%
148.9
83.4
56%
80.6
78.4
69.2
GA Henry
148,517
148,517
100%
147.2
83.7
57%
83.4
46.7
95.7
GA Jackson
16,319
16,319
100%
224.6
135.0
60%
133.2
79.2
142.7
GA Jasper
3,505
3,505
100%
19.7
11.6
59%
10.8
8.0
10.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
GA Lamar
7,249
7,249
100%
72.0
42.3
59%
40.8
28.5
38.0
GA Laurens
17,500
17,500
100%
323.6
173.7
54%
171.9
39.4
239.4
GA Lincoln
1,657
1,657
100%
48.5
30.3
62%
30.3
5.0
38.1
GA Lumpkin
3,510
3,510
100%
49.4
32.4
66%
32.2
13.0
36.1
GA McDuffie
14,921
14,921
100%
87.6
51.3
59%
51.2
22.4
57.9
GA Meriwether
6,627
6,627
100%
46.5
32.9
71%
30.0
18.2
26.1
GA Monroe
7,400
7,400
100%
58.8
35.9
61%
34.7
25.6
31.9
GA Morgan
4,750
4,750
100%
264.3
156.8
59%
156.4
79.2
176.4
GAMurray
26,913
26,913
100%
10.3
5.2
51%
5.2
5.2
4.0
GA Muscogee
229,000
229,000
100%
10.6
8.4
79%
7.5
5.5
3.9
GA Newton
0
0
0%
143.6
75.9
53%
74.4
40.7
97.5
GA Oglethorpe
1,170
1,170
100%
1.5
1.5
100%
1.5
0.0
1.5
GA Pickens
19,131
19,131
100%
38.1
22.6
60%
21.6
12.0
23.4
GA Pike
764
764
100%
1.3
1.3
100%
0.0
1.3
0.0
GA Polk
6,500
6,500
100%
64.0
41.5
65%
40.0
26.6
33.4
GA Putnam
6,873
6,873
100%
160.7
86.5
54%
82.0
53.7
98.2
GA Rabun
429
429
100%
80.6
39.9
49%
39.6
30.5
20.9
GA Richmond
204,000
204,000
100%
206.6
94.2
46%
94.2
31.4
119.0
GA Rockdale
67,552
67,452
99.85%
81.8
40.1
49%
40.1
26.1
53.8
GA Spalding
19,572
19,572
100%
117.9
64.3
55%
60.0
41.1
69.9
GA Stephens
24,960
24,960
100%
2.6
2.6
99.78%
2.6
1.0
1.2
GA Towns
4,810
4,810
100%
150.3
97.9
65%
97.0
82.0
62.5
GA Troup
49,634
49,634
100%
551.2
285.5
52%
281.5
177.0
226.1
GA Union
12,370
12,370
100%
121.3
79.0
65%
77.7
59.3
59.3
GA Upson
10,510
10,510
100%
122.4
73.2
60%
71.5
53.0
64.9
GA Walker
36,000
36,000
100%
2.6
0.3
12%
0.3
0.0
2.4
GA Walton
25,974
25,974
100%
148.0
80.1
54%
80.1
42.5
101.9
GA Warren
2,800
2,800
100%
21.1
11.3
53%
11.3
6.5
11.2
GA White
3,370
3,370
100%
16.7
11.3
68%
11.3
7.0
00
00
GA Whitfield
99,315
99,315
100%
322.5
192.7
60%
192.5
78.1
240.4
GA Wilkes
6,157
6,157
100%
20.6
16.3
79%
13.4
12.3
6.6
IA Adair
2,129
2,129
100%
10.6
8.1
77%
8.1
8.1
2.5
IA Adams
1,783
1,783
100%
50.8
41.9
82%
37.9
37.6
3.7
IA Appanoose
33,564
33,564
100%
6.2
5.8
94%
5.8
2.2
1.9
IA Clarke
4,659
4,659
100%
13.0
7.3
56%
7.3
7.3
4.0
IA Davis
2,601
2,601
100%
3.2
2.2
69%
2.2
2.1
0.0
IA Decatur
4,537
4,537
100%
19.8
19.3
98%
16.2
17.6
0.4
IA DesMoines
26,839
26,839
100%
596.0
306.2
51%
257.4
236.7
210.6
IA Dickinson
8,640
8,640
100%
57.6
37.9
66%
32.7
20.1
2.2
IA Guthrie
1,175
1,175
100%
76.0
53.0
70%
50.1
44.7
18.9
IA Johnson
84,403
84,403
100%
294.5
199.8
68%
171.0
175.7
71.1
IA Lee
22,903
22,903
100%
556.6
342.2
61%
267.3
310.8
103.6
IA Lucas
4,573
4,573
100%
8.9
8.7
97%
6.3
5.9
0.2
IA Madison
4,768
4,768
100%
21.4
11.9
55%
11.9
7.5
13.2
IA Marion
9,909
9,909
100%
275.7
175.7
64%
134.7
165.2
54.2
IA Page
4,886
4,886
100%
131.1
94.3
72%
85.7
85.9
43.9
IA Polk
221,414
221,414
100%
416.2
264.6
64%
224.2
230.5
105.8
IA Pottawattamie
61,324
61,324
100%
389.7
224.5
58%
165.8
212.8
94.8
IA Poweshiek
1,457
1,457
100%
5.8
4.2
72%
2.9
3.1
1.0
IA Scott
133,269
133,269
100%
435.6
219.3
50%
200.4
184.3
144.4
IA Union
7,597
7,597
100%
75.3
46.9
62%
44.2
43.4
28.4
IA Wapello
24,998
24,998
100%
387.9
250.9
65%
210.7
243.6
94.2
ID Ada
185,787
185,787
100%
222.4
126.2
57%
110.5
90.6
65.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
ID Bannock
613
613
100%
20.5
14.3
70%
5.6
14.3
3.4
ID Benewah
3,637
3,637
100%
9.3
8.0
87%
8.0
0.0
9.3
ID Boise
2,300
2,300
100%
718.9
464.9
65%
458.7
52.3
639.5
ID Bonner
12,259
12,234
99.80%
1,086.8
610.3
56%
546.7
325.7
593.2
ID Boundary
4,217
4,217
100%
514.1
293.5
57%
262.0
123.8
346.5
ID Caribou
4,297
4,297
100%
19.1
17.9
94%
9.5
8.4
1.6
ID Clark
250
250
100%
3.0
3.0
100%
3.0
0.0
3.0
ID Clearwater
4,707
4,707
100%
1,185.9
782.1
66%
722.9
500.7
547.4
ID Custer
847
847
100%
36.6
23.3
64%
23.3
0.0
36.4
ID Elmore
50
50
100%
1.9
1.9
99.67%
1.9
1.9
0.0
ID Idaho
498
498
100%
42.9
23.9
56%
23.9
6.2
35.7
ID Kootenai
1,075
1,075
100%
369.0
205.9
56%
178.6
94.2
181.3
ID Latah
1,409
1,409
100%
365.5
308.0
84%
201.4
290.6
74.7
ID Lemhi
3,080
3,080
100%
372.4
221.4
59%
202.2
112.6
213.5
ID Lewis
1,495
1,495
100%
765.5
527.7
69%
466.8
393.9
326.0
ID NezPerce
14,262
14,262
100%
899.0
581.7
65%
478.4
498.2
320.7
ID Shoshone
3,668
3,668
100%
58.6
34.2
58%
34.2
0.0
57.4
IDValley
2,232
2,232
100%
118.3
60.8
51%
57.7
19.2
86.1
ID Washington
5,343
5,343
100%
1,447.4
648.9
45%
393.8
471.9
416.6
IL Adams
45,000
45,000
100%
186.9
56.6
30%
52.3
39.2
66.7
IL Alexander
3,723
3,723
100%
903.4
522.6
58%
467.5
372.3
305.7
IL Bond
5,600
5,600
100%
2.9
2.9
100%
2.9
2.0
0.0
IL Cass
1,361
1,361
100%
15.6
10.8
69%
9.7
10.4
5.2
IL Christian
22,191
22,191
100%
90.9
58.7
65%
47.8
57.3
20.9
ILClay
5,675
5,675
100%
147.6
79.4
54%
74.5
47.5
100.1
IL Clinton
7,678
7,678
100%
285.2
157.0
55%
133.8
133.1
92.4
IL Coles
34,500
34,500
100%
168.3
97.6
58%
95.4
62.4
95.3
IL Cook
3,057,119
51,808
2%
35.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
IL Cumberland
1,854
1,854
100%
57.0
36.3
64%
36.3
10.4
36.0
IL Edgar
9,077
9,077
100%
19.7
16.0
81%
13.6
13.1
4.2
IL Effingham
14,684
14,684
100%
120.7
70.1
58%
70.1
36.2
80.2
IL Fayette
7,575
7,575
100%
192.9
114.5
59%
100.5
92.7
90.1
IL Franklin
2,928
2,928
100%
154.4
87.0
56%
72.7
58.2
50.4
IL Fulton
14,732
14,732
100%
36.2
25.7
71%
18.4
20.9
15.2
IL Greene
4,100
4,100
100%
15.7
10.8
69%
10.6
9.3
4.9
IL Hancock
10,568
10,568
100%
986.0
639.5
65%
512.0
583.1
181.7
IL Jackson
25,598
25,598
100%
15.7
9.9
63%
7.8
9.4
0.6
IL Jefferson
17,951
17,951
100%
41.3
30.8
75%
26.9
26.1
13.9
IL Johnson
5,139
5,139
100%
134.6
81.3
60%
74.2
66.4
66.5
IL Kane
269,500
269,500
100%
204.1
99.8
49%
97.5
40.0
108.1
IL Kankakee
76,299
76,299
100%
469.5
173.2
37%
151.2
144.8
98.7
IL Lake
191,537
5,471
3%
35.0
3.8
11%
3.8
3.8
18.8
IL LaSalle
19,000
19,000
100%
224.0
71.7
32%
56.6
57.2
155.5
IL Livingston
11,864
11,864
100%
102.3
51.9
51%
42.2
41.5
60.5
IL Macon
81,860
81,860
100%
195.9
120.8
62%
110.0
99.7
75.8
IL Macoupin
17,832
17,832
100%
74.8
58.7
79%
52.6
52.1
12.1
IL Madison
107,928
107,928
100%
1,043.6
580.7
56%
484.6
476.4
332.5
IL Marion
24,214
24,214
100%
112.9
91.4
81%
77.6
80.6
17.3
IL McDonough
12,615
12,615
100%
137.3
72.4
53%
69.0
62.8
71.4
IL McLean
75,975
75,975
100%
198.5
120.2
61%
103.0
109.0
77.3
IL Montgomery
12,574
12,574
100%
200.1
137.7
69%
118.8
135.0
43.9
IL Morgan
20,286
20,286
100%
53.6
38.8
72%
36.5
30.5
13.9
IL Peoria
136,000
136,000
100%
0.4
0.4
100%
0.4
0.0
0.4

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
IL Perry
6,296
6,296
100%
10.0
7.0
70%
6.5
6.8
1.3
IL Pike
4,211
4,211
100%
17.2
12.7
74%
12.4
11.9
2.8
IL Randolph
15,595
15,595
100%
1,123.3
712.0
63%
562.7
677.3
311.1
IL Richland
9,016
9,016
100%
11.4
7.0
61%
6.2
5.5
1.6
IL Rocklsland
112,702
112,702
100%
522.4
269.9
52%
249.8
225.3
183.7
IL Sangamon
129,489
129,489
100%
98.6
55.4
56%
49.6
51.7
29.6
IL St.Clair
155,683
155,683
100%
714.9
408.0
57%
304.3
361.0
216.7
IL Union
1,031
1,031
100%
9.1
5.8
64%
5.8
1.5
5.3
IL Vermilion
39,502
39,502
100%
201.3
123.8
62%
111.0
95.9
100.7
IL Washington
3,320
3,320
100%
186.4
102.0
55%
85.5
83.1
67.6
IL Wayne
8,031
8,031
100%
420.5
274.1
65%
219.7
257.8
117.7
IL Will
5,604
5,604
100%
378.5
206.7
55%
177.3
192.1
138.9
IL Williamson
27,308
27,308
100%
59.6
41.5
70%
41.5
29.3
10.6
IN Allen
250,000
250,000
100%
143.3
81.7
57%
80.8
59.1
55.7
IN Cass
12,861
12,861
100%
113.4
58.5
52%
56.4
47.6
53.7
IN Clark
9,698
9,698
100%
2.4
2.4
99.93%
2.4
1.6
0.2
IN Decatur
14,450
14,450
100%
173.5
83.9
48%
83.9
0.7
170.8
IN Delaware
74,950
74,950
100%
50.5
18.0
36%
18.0
4.3
42.6
IN Dubois
34,340
34,340
100%
68.6
28.8
42%
28.8
9.3
47.7
IN Gibson
2,800
2,800
100%
38.2
22.9
60%
22.2
5.7
32.0
IN Howard
57,240
57,240
100%
32.8
8.9
27%
6.5
7.1
21.1
IN Jennings
6,614
6,614
100%
73.2
47.8
65%
47.8
1.0
69.8
IN Lake
297,629
85,997
29%
55.1
17.1
31%
17.1
3.0
18.9
IN LaPorte
36,250
0
0%
0.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
IN Lawrence
18,800
18,800
100%
172.4
85.8
50%
85.8
18.5
101.8
IN Marion
810,197
810,197
100%
311.4
146.7
47%
139.7
50.0
206.8
IN Martin
4,720
4,720
100%
9.4
7.7
82%
6.7
1.0
4.5
IN Monroe
69,331
69,331
100%
58.6
28.1
48%
28.1
4.7
41.5
IN Orange
3,510
3,510
100%
96.2
67.0
70%
38.2
39.1
57.1
IN Pike
881
881
100%
60.8
22.7
37%
21.7
3.9
55.9
IN Posey
8,912
8,912
100%
137.7
62.5
45%
61.2
10.5
49.8
IN Ripley
9,328
9,328
100%
90.5
35.7
39%
35.7
11.7
73.0
IN Scott
20,800
20,800
100%
85.7
41.1
48%
41.1
12.6
68.0
IN Vanderburgh
158,628
158,628
100%
426.0
197.2
46%
192.3
50.2
204.2
IN Washington
6,719
6,719
100%
11.0
9.2
84%
9.2
4.9
3.4
IN Wayne
42,454
42,454
100%
121.1
83.9
69%
79.5
75.8
41.7
KS Allen
7,893
7,893
100%
387.2
266.8
69%
229.1
255.9
106.3
KS Anderson
3,280
3,280
100%
1.2
1.2
100%
1.2
1.2
0.0
KS Atchison
10,145
10,145
100%
523.7
284.4
54%
266.4
212.6
223.7
KS Bourbon
7,976
7,976
100%
42.9
14.1
33%
14.1
10.2
32.7
KS Butler
21,414
21,414
100%
195.1
129.7
66%
112.3
123.2
44.7
KS Cherokee
4,600
4,600
100%
13.1
00
00
67%
00
00
1.8
11.3
KSCoffey
2,721
2,721
100%
179.1
100.6
56%
93.2
78.6
73.7
KS Cowley
11,741
11,741
100%
70.0
53.9
77%
46.5
46.9
14.5
KS Dickinson
2,475
2,475
100%
27.2
21.2
78%
17.0
21.2
4.7
KS Douglas
92,464
92,464
100%
150.7
93.0
62%
81.6
87.1
31.9
KS Elk
1,783
1,019
57%
205.5
154.7
75%
122.5
150.9
49.1
KS Ellsworth
2,626
2,626
100%
160.5
128.8
80%
88.6
117.5
21.8
KS Franklin
15,704
15,704
100%
299.4
175.4
59%
137.1
171.0
123.3
KS Geary
434
434
100%
210.5
137.8
65%
90.1
132.8
32.5
KS Greenwood
3,749
3,749
100%
35.7
27.4
77%
24.6
25.7
5.4
KS Jackson
1
1
100%
34.7
26.4
76%
20.6
26.4
8.3
KS Jefferson
1,190
1,190
100%
268.4
178.0
66%
168.6
170.1
96.3

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
KS Johnson
462,159
462,159
100%
769.4
494.7
64%
431.0
451.8
218.4
KS Labette
14,698
14,698
100%
698.4
479.2
69%
377.1
464.6
150.2
KS Leavenworth
34,993
34,993
100%
281.2
164.0
58%
146.4
142.4
92.3
KS Linn
2,486
2,486
100%
61.4
54.3
88%
38.0
53.5
7.1
KS Lyon
26,662
26,662
100%
32.9
9.9
30%
8.2
9.8
22.3
KS Marion
4,707
4,707
100%
108.3
76.4
71%
69.7
67.7
16.4
KS Miami
22,156
22,156
100%
283.0
186.7
66%
161.6
176.0
75.5
KS Mitchell
4,930
4,930
100%
162.4
100.8
62%
70.5
99.8
61.4
KS Montgomery
21,998
21,998
100%
459.4
332.5
72%
244.7
326.3
119.3
KS Morris
2,280
2,280
100%
9.1
5.8
64%
4.9
5.6
1.3
KS Nemaha
2,519
2,519
100%
23.0
15.2
66%
15.0
00
00
12.9
KS Neosho
11,178
11,178
100%
602.3
412.2
68%
347.8
403.9
128.4
KS Norton
2,760
2,760
100%
3.8
3.8
100%
3.8
2.4
0.0
KS Osage
5,295
5,295
100%
199.4
137.2
69%
120.8
116.6
28.1
KS Russell
4,280
4,280
100%
318.9
252.1
79%
146.0
251.8
65.5
KS Saline
46,140
46,140
100%
89.3
44.0
49%
22.3
42.7
45.8
KS Sedgwick
357,698
357,698
100%
248.0
200.3
81%
162.4
185.0
24.2
KS Shawnee
122,113
122,113
100%
392.7
229.2
58%
171.7
217.3
125.2
KS Sherman
4,361
4,361
100%
19.1
19.1
100%
19.1
19.1
0.0
KS Sumner
7,991
7,991
100%
291.9
240.0
82%
153.1
239.3
49.6
KS Wabaunsee
1,577
1,577
100%
27.6
24.8
90%
20.0
23.8
0.5
KS Wilson
5,840
5,840
100%
304.3
223.2
73%
174.3
220.9
81.2
KS Woodson
1,467
1,467
100%
14.0
10.2
73%
9.6
9.1
3.5
KS Wyandotte
143,801
143,801
100%
375.3
247.5
66%
227.2
212.5
115.9
KY Adair
5,402
5,402
100%
194.5
106.8
55%
106.8
50.2
122.9
KY Allen
7,755
7,755
100%
104.4
52.3
50%
52.2
24.9
52.5
KY Anderson
19,203
19,203
100%
129.1
61.2
47%
61.2
5.0
85.5
KY Barren
40,695
40,695
100%
143.3
71.7
50%
66.4
56.2
65.8
KY Bell
37,984
37,984
100%
22.3
20.0
90%
20.0
3.0
15.7
KY Bourbon
16,424
16,424
100%
110.9
55.9
50%
55.9
0.0
110.7
KYBoyd
49,335
49,335
100%
796.4
409.6
51%
406.3
119.4
534.5
KYBoyle
34,282
34,282
100%
91.7
38.1
42%
38.1
0.0
67.5
KY Breathitt
7,722
7,722
100%
221.2
120.6
55%
118.2
86.5
134.7
KY Breckinridge
14,790
14,790
100%
15.8
6.8
43%
6.8
4.4
6.5
KY Bullitt
365
365
100%
174.7
93.2
53%
93.2
25.7
128.1
KY Butler
16,854
16,854
100%
347.3
172.3
50%
171.1
79.2
205.1
KY Caldwell
11,593
11,593
100%
85.4
47.0
55%
43.0
23.0
47.2
KY Carter
33,805
33,805
100%
192.4
112.5
58%
109.8
55.0
116.6
KYCasey
3,274
3,274
100%
3.4
3.4
99%
3.4
0.6
2.8
KY Christian
36,102
36,102
100%
39.6
18.8
48%
18.8
7.1
26.2
KY Clark
34,119
34,119
100%
233.6
107.2
46%
107.2
28.6
153.5
KYClay
13,680
13,680
100%
206.0
126.5
61%
125.7
105.8
100.1
KY Clinton
16,335
16,335
100%
14.1
11.9
85%
9.9
5.5
7.5
KY Crittenden
3,033
3,033
100%
1.5
1.5
100%
1.5
0.0
0.8
KY Cumberland
10,461
10,461
100%
290.7
177.8
61%
177.6
38.0
208.0
KY Edmonson
30,112
30,112
100%
132.4
60.1
45%
57.2
48.1
39.0
KY Estill
7,215
7,215
100%
223.4
115.5
52%
114.5
68.4
122.5
KY Fayette
354,473
354,473
100%
238.0
117.8
50%
117.8
41.7
152.0
KY Fleming
5,115
5,115
100%
1.8
1.8
100%
1.8
0.0
1.1
KYFloyd
48,979
48,979
100%
173.4
99.0
57%
98.1
47.4
125.8
KY Franklin
50,706
50,706
100%
128.1
63.8
50%
63.8
8.7
79.8
KY Garrard
5,940
5,940
100%
191.4
84.1
44%
84.1
12.1
141.6
KY Grant
25,105
25,105
100%
00
00
4.1
46%
4.1
1.7
2.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
KY Grayson
28,219
28,219
100%
128.5
59.6
46%
55.3
14.9
87.4
KY Green
2,396
2,396
100%
46.1
23.2
50%
21.4
9.8
36.2
KY Greenup
21,067
21,067
100%
821.0
421.8
51%
417.4
121.5
568.1
KY Hardin
152,065
152,065
100%
138.7
65.5
47%
57.4
51.1
85.2
KY Harlan
18,295
18,295
100%
158.8
101.2
64%
100.4
81.2
77.6
KY Harrison
8,712
8,712
100%
230.5
116.7
51%
115.7
15.3
215.1
KY Hart
19,368
19,368
100%
67.1
15.2
23%
15.2
9.4
57.7
KY Henderson
32,676
32,676
100%
749.2
355.4
47%
348.6
62.2
442.3
KY Hopkins
37,594
37,594
100%
503.4
283.7
56%
276.9
95.9
278.0
KY Jackson
16,557
16,557
100%
3.0
3.0
99.73%
3.0
3.0
0.0
KY Jefferson
836,926
836,926
100%
386.3
231.5
60%
231.5
34.6
269.4
KY Jessamine
29,136
29,136
100%
265.1
104.2
39%
104.2
26.6
136.6
KY Johnson
19,785
19,785
100%
229.9
130.9
57%
113.2
77.6
140.3
KY Kenton
248,064
248,064
100%
808.4
466.3
58%
455.0
214.0
491.1
KY Knott
300
300
100%
73.1
48.8
67%
43.4
47.6
25.4
KY Knox
27,228
27,228
100%
273.4
152.9
56%
151.8
103.0
170.4
KY Larue
5,501
5,501
100%
44.7
29.8
67%
29.8
0.0
44.7
KY Laurel
47,384
47,384
100%
119.5
66.3
56%
65.6
49.4
59.7
KY Lawrence
7,498
7,498
100%
135.6
68.8
51%
00
00
30.7
75.0
KY Lee
7,352
7,352
100%
250.2
151.4
61%
150.9
84.9
161.7
KY Leslie
10,652
10,652
100%
129.1
66.7
52%
66.7
57.6
71.4
KY Letcher
14,559
14,559
100%
198.3
117.1
59%
107.5
109.5
88.5
KY Lincoln
10,316
10,316
100%
2.1
2.1
100%
2.1
0.8
1.0
KY Livingston
10,022
10,022
100%
377.5
213.7
57%
201.4
91.5
175.2
KYLyon
6,000
6,000
100%
426.1
239.2
56%
226.6
92.6
169.9
KY Madison
53,501
53,501
100%
192.0
102.9
54%
102.4
37.8
114.9
KY Magoffin
3,250
3,250
100%
71.8
46.2
64%
39.6
46.2
25.6
KY Marion
8,300
8,300
100%
137.1
80.6
59%
80.6
0.0
136.6
KY Martin
10,461
10,461
100%
200.8
103.6
52%
102.4
61.6
138.6
KY Mason
17,276
17,276
100%
582.0
356.7
61%
342.9
210.1
283.1
KY McCracken
49,000
49,000
100%
1,055.3
571.8
54%
538.0
337.7
433.1
KY McCreary
20,249
20,249
100%
18.8
12.3
65%
12.3
4.9
12.6
KY McLean
4,092
4,092
100%
278.6
137.1
49%
127.9
35.4
186.7
KY Menifee
25
25
100%
1.0
1.0
100%
1.0
1.0
0.0
KY Mercer
13,969
13,969
100%
188.8
68.5
36%
68.5
0.3
124.8
KY Monroe
4,105
4,105
100%
7.4
4.8
65%
4.8
0.0
5.9
KY Montgomery
18,213
18,213
100%
106.0
60.5
57%
58.7
36.5
67.6
KY Morgan
2,950
2,950
100%
137.8
74.9
54%
74.0
52.6
76.3
KY Muhlenberg
14,804
14,804
100%
254.2
129.0
51%
117.1
75.7
133.0
KY Nelson
34,650
34,650
100%
159.6
98.1
61%
98.1
23.9
133.0
KY Nicholas
7,728
7,728
100%
265.5
151.3
57%
151.3
76.6
188.0
KY Ohio
22,451
22,451
100%
311.2
155.3
50%
149.6
82.1
184.0
KY Owen
8,181
8,181
100%
37.2
19.5
52%
19.5
0.0
36.7
KY Owsley
5,775
5,775
100%
113.6
64.4
57%
64.1
46.9
66.7
KY Pendleton
3,630
3,630
100%
127.3
61.4
48%
61.4
0.0
127.3
KYPerry
22,932
22,932
100%
156.2
77.6
50%
74.6
63.3
92.8
KY Pike
35,202
35,202
100%
385.4
224.3
58%
213.9
203.1
161.7
KY Powell
25
25
100%
134.4
79.9
59%
78.7
40.3
93.9
KY Pulaski
37,155
37,155
100%
222.4
91.9
41%
80.0
45.8
92.1
KY Rockcastle
6,720
6,720
100%
16.8
11.0
65%
11.0
5.4
7.0
KY Rowan
17,538
17,538
100%
171.1
97.7
57%
97.7
45.0
79.5
KY Russell
10,646
10,646
100%
39.3
22.0
56%
22.0
3.9
29.8
KYScott
37,043
37,043
100%
67.5
38.3
57%
38.3
2.8
64.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
KY Shelby
26,110
26,110
100%
20.9
12.4
59%
12.4
0.0
14.6
KY Simpson
13,510
13,510
100%
55.6
31.2
56%
24.2
23.4
32.2
KYTaylor
28,545
28,545
100%
124.7
73.6
59%
73.6
29.8
84.1
KY Todd
25
25
100%
8.0
4.1
52%
4.1
0.0
8.0
KYTrigg
23,615
23,615
100%
105.8
36.2
34%
34.1
15.8
87.2
KY Union
10,191
10,191
100%
653.6
357.9
55%
319.4
174.1
262.6
KY Warren
54,300
54,300
100%
35.2
0.7
2%
0.7
0.0
33.3
KY Washington
13,220
13,220
100%
4.9
4.9
99.69%
4.9
1.0
2.4
KY Wayne
25,740
25,740
100%
193.0
67.9
35%
63.1
21.6
78.2
KY Webster
9,735
9,735
100%
390.4
224.1
57%
221.8
38.4
245.2
KYWhitley
25,333
25,333
100%
262.8
129.3
49%
129.3
84.0
169.7
KY Wolfe
5,940
5,940
100%
5.6
4.2
75%
4.2
1.1
4.5
KY Woodford
18,315
18,315
100%
139.8
60.8
43%
60.8
5.0
88.4
LA Ascension
16,899
16,899
100%
86.1
19.1
22%
18.1
3.2
22.4
LA Assumption
22,862
22,862
100%
26.0
2.6
10%
2.6
0.0
2.6
LA Bossier
59,611
59,611
100%
68.1
22.1
32%
17.2
19.2
2.5
LA Caddo
233,952
233,952
100%
338.9
193.0
57%
180.6
89.5
149.0
LA Calcasieu
4,650
4,650
100%
23.4
6.9
29%
6.9
6.9
0.0
LA Concordia
4,626
4,626
100%
7.8
6.4
82%
6.4
0.0
1.0
LA DeSoto
12,794
12,794
100%
226.7
104.5
46%
70.1
64.3
125.0
LA Grant
316
316
100%
3.5
3.5
100%
3.5
3.5
0.0
LA Iberville
13,128
13,128
100%
336.4
139.6
42%
118.0
82.1
122.6
LA Jefferson
546,809
546,809
100%
123.3
6.8
6%
6.8
0.0
12.9
LA Lafourche
94,570
94,570
100%
336.4
37.5
11%
1.4
36.2
15.3
LA Natchitoches
30,458
30,458
100%
143.8
67.7
47%
62.3
25.3
96.5
LA Orleans
486,240
486,240
100%
123.3
6.8
6%
6.8
0.0
12.9
LA Ouachita
52,572
52,572
100%
221.4
79.6
36%
64.0
48.0
103.7
LA Plaquemines
30,379
28,979
95%
380.2
4.5
1%
4.5
0.0
29.1
LA Rapides
19,500
19,500
100%
49.2
28.6
58%
28.6
18.2
31.0
LA RedRiver
1,950
1,950
100%
37.3
15.5
42%
15.5
12.2
25.0
LA Sabine
10,337
10,337
100%
439.1
215.2
49%
215.2
54.2
188.7
LA St.Bernard
33,430
33,430
100%
354.8
5.1
1%
5.1
0.0
25.0
LA St.Charles
44,775
44,775
100%
132.6
8.3
6%
8.3
0.8
13.6
LA St.James
23,601
23,601
100%
103.2
14.9
14%
13.9
3.5
16.8
LASt.Mary
54,104
40,728
75%
1,445.0
182.2
13%
151.1
41.8
299.0
LA Tensas
5,418
5,418
100%
21.0
17.7
84%
10.5
9.4
5.3
LA Terrebonne
98,578
98,578
100%
530.4
48.8
9%
9.5
39.3
49.0
MA Barnstable
77,500
0
0%
3.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MA Berkshire
112,268
112,268
100%
280.3
169.6
60%
169.6
9.4
250.3
MA Bristol
309,485
309,485
100%
77.7
45.8
59%
45.8
1.2
46.4
MA Essex
583,539
583,539
100%
698.4
346.5
50%
342.7
28.8
503.6
MA Franklin
40,011
40,011
100%
209.9
130.9
62%
129.4
38.0
168.6
MA Hampden
372,248
372,248
100%
208.2
135.2
65%
133.4
52.9
127.7
MA Hampshire
74,320
74,320
100%
41.7
31.0
74%
29.9
7.6
30.8
MA Middlesex
475,616
475,616
100%
881.7
407.9
46%
402.5
36.2
646.4
MA Plymouth
203,673
187,921
92%
26.4
12.1
46%
11.8
0.4
14.5
MA Suffolk
2,360,000
2,360,000
100%
435.0
201.5
46%
196.8
46.6
246.7
MA Worcester
400,501
400,501
100%
295.4
182.1
62%
181.2
14.4
208.8
MD Allegany
43,896
43,871
99.94%
355.3
231.2
65%
229.4
48.9
293.0
MD AnneArundel
50,001
50,001
100%
98.3
56.9
58%
56.9
27.1
68.9
MD Baltimore
1,600,100
1,600,100
100%
835.2
443.5
53%
441.2
53.5
647.3
MD Carroll
62,556
62,556
100%
168.7
96.3
57%
96.1
35.2
110.7
MDCecil
24,045
24,045
100%
689.4
360.5
52%
360.0
13.7
581.1

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
MD Frederick
117,389
117,389
100%
959.3
522.3
54%
517.8
198.5
625.1
MD Garrett
4,122
3,892
94%
373.1
205.2
55%
205.2
0.0
346.4
MD Harford
151,189
151,189
100%
978.6
536.1
55%
533.9
36.8
814.0
MD Montgomery
1,846,500
1,846,500
100%
745.8
415.3
56%
412.3
164.7
463.4
MD Washington
90,473
90,473
100%
487.6
223.3
46%
219.4
53.5
309.9
ME Androscoggin
42,281
42,281
100%
18.5
17.4
94%
17.4
0.0
11.7
ME Aroostook
19,090
19,090
100%
734.5
401.6
55%
401.2
73.3
548.3
ME Cumberland
138,430
138,430
100%
149.8
72.0
48%
70.7
8.2
64.4
ME Franklin
3,771
3,771
100%
12.3
12.3
99.89%
12.3
0.0
12.1
ME Flancock
16,217
15,154
93%
36.8
25.2
69%
25.2
4.4
16.1
ME Kennebec
38,955
38,955
100%
101.7
69.1
68%
68.1
11.1
43.0
ME Knox
19,578
19,285
99%
16.6
3.7
22%
3.7
0.0
2.2
ME Lincoln
9,173
9,173
100%
1.3
1.3
100%
1.3
0.0
0.1
ME Oxford
2,763
2,763
100%
24.2
23.9
98%
23.9
0.0
17.4
ME Penobscot
43,815
43,815
100%
155.0
69.9
45%
69.9
2.3
60.9
ME Piscataquis
4,073
4,073
100%
112.8
70.2
62%
69.8
10.2
70.4
ME Sagadahoc
9,545
9,320
98%
68.3
29.4
43%
27.9
11.5
24.8
ME Somerset
12,532
12,532
100%
465.5
245.2
53%
243.0
54.0
298.0
ME Washington
1,870
1,870
100%
18.5
11.7
64%
11.7
2.2
10.2
ME York
93,948
93,848
99.89%
390.7
212.0
54%
209.8
29.0
298.4
MI Alpena
11,304
11,304
100%
2.5
0.0
1%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Arenac
1
1
100%
2.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Baraga
4,540
2,240
49%
6.4
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Bay
36,817
36,817
100%
5.0
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Berrien
29,797
9,790
33%
14.5
4.1
28%
0.0
4.1
0.0
MI Charlevoix
2,994
0
0%
3.0
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Chippewa
15,110
14,689
97%
15.1
0.2
1%
0.0
0.2
0.0
MI Delta
18,305
0
0%
15.5
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Genesee
124,943
124,943
100%
178.8
83.9
47%
74.6
55.7
112.8
MI GrandTraverse
14,532
0
0%
1.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Gratiot
9,275
9,275
100%
121.6
54.3
45%
49.7
49.8
33.3
MI Huron
2,875
1,987
69%
5.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Iosco
1
0
0%
3.7
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Isabella
25,983
25,983
100%
91.0
43.6
48%
42.3
39.3
41.0
MI Kent
319,069
0
0%
11.2
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Lenawee
26,504
26,504
100%
256.5
111.2
43%
87.9
101.3
80.6
MI Mackinac
3,369
0
0%
4.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Macomb
31,125
31,125
100%
8.4
6.5
78%
4.9
6.1
1.5
MI Marquette
22,196
22,196
100%
4.8
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Mason
8,357
0
0%
2.4
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Menominee
9,398
9,398
100%
2.1
0.0
1%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Monroe
65,008
0
0%
13.8
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Muskegon
52,154
0
0%
4.8
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Ontonagon
2,919
0
0%
2.2
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Ottawa
35,048
0
0%
8.6
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Sanilac
1,104
1,104
100%
2.3
1.7
75%
0.0
1.7
0.0
MI Schoolcraft
3,874
3,874
100%
65.2
17.6
27%
17.6
0.4
43.2
MI St. Clair
28,010
28,010
100%
202.1
123.1
61%
101.5
116.5
48.2
MI VanBuren
5,021
0
0%
2.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MI Washtenaw
114,000
114,000
100%
149.0
77.7
52%
61.8
65.1
53.4
MI Wayne
953,903
927,393
97%
143.9
26.8
19%
20.1
21.1
62.0
MNClay
35,000
35,000
100%
70.5
31.6
45%
25.7
31.6
23.7
MN Cook
2,064
2,039
99%
99.5
51.1
51%
51.1
0.0
29.8

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
MN Hennepin
382,618
382,618
100%
272.2
127.4
47%
109.8
87.6
101.1
MN Koochiching
6,572
6,572
100%
127.6
29.5
23%
29.5
0.0
28.6
MN Lake
6,016
2,153
36%
47.7
21.5
45%
21.5
0.0
14.5
MN Martin
10,729
10,729
100%
35.8
20.1
56%
16.1
8.2
5.2
MN OtterTail
14,033
14,033
100%
31.9
3.7
12%
2.7
1.6
18.8
MN Pennington
8,476
8,476
100%
478.2
100.7
21%
48.7
99.7
32.1
MN Polk
7,934
7,934
100%
100.6
31.8
32%
22.3
31.0
44.3
MN Ramsey
414,735
414,735
100%
11.1
9.6
86%
9.6
0.0
0.7
MN St.Louis
114,768
28,986
25%
209.9
88.4
42%
86.7
6.1
100.9
MN Stearns
65,653
65,653
100%
260.9
119.7
46%
83.3
88.0
114.6
MO Adair
17,000
17,000
100%
31.9
26.2
82%
21.7
24.4
1.2
MO Andrew
4,800
4,800
100%
0.3
0.3
100%
0.3
0.0
0.0
MO Audrain
2,529
2,529
100%
7.3
6.8
92%
5.7
6.4
0.0
MO Barton
4,425
4,425
100%
6.7
5.4
82%
5.0
4.7
0.0
MO Bates
8,753
8,753
100%
460.1
348.0
76%
252.5
337.6
109.4
MO Butler
16,996
16,996
100%
99.6
54.4
55%
42.0
52.8
35.4
MO Caldwell
2,204
2,204
100%
12.4
12.3
99.47%
10.2
3.9
7.4
MO CapeGirardeau
36,701
36,701
100%
487.5
236.0
48%
213.2
161.4
216.4
MO Cass
465,800
465,800
100%
830.9
549.7
66%
471.2
495.5
244.6
MO Clark
385
385
100%
83.7
65.0
78%
54.7
64.1
19.4
MOClay
9,408
9,408
100%
114.8
72.1
63%
60.2
65.0
16.5
MO Clinton
12,142
12,142
100%
88.1
50.3
57%
46.1
35.1
35.8
MO Cole
29,500
29,500
100%
5.8
5.2
91%
3.7
5.2
0.0
MO Cooper
9,216
9,216
100%
626.8
415.2
66%
315.9
400.3
122.3
MO Daviess
950
950
100%
10.1
8.9
89%
8.9
5.3
0.9
MO DeKalb
1,100
1,100
100%
5.6
5.5
99.88%
5.5
1.9
2.7
MO Gentry
1,212
1,212
100%
3.7
3.7
99%
3.7
3.4
0.0
MO Greene
151,000
151,000
100%
190.4
127.9
67%
119.2
110.0
52.8
MOGrundy
6,500
6,500
100%
275.9
196.6
71%
142.0
193.2
57.1
MO Harrison
4,060
4,060
100%
81.0
24.5
30%
20.1
16.2
64.2
MO Henry
12,767
12,767
100%
144.5
74.9
52%
67.3
52.3
74.4
MO Howard
4,278
4,278
100%
624.3
405.1
65%
265.4
389.8
129.3
MO Iron
1,470
1,470
100%
18.7
15.2
81%
10.0
12.5
5.9
MO Jackson
1,000
1,000
100%
1.4
1.4
100%
1.4
1.0
0.0
MO Jasper
50,700
50,700
100%
86.0
48.0
56%
48.0
33.4
50.3
MO Jefferson
20,250
20,250
100%
1,057.0
678.8
64%
534.5
623.6
260.4
MO Johnson
2,389
2,389
100%
3.6
3.6
100%
3.6
2.0
0.0
MO Lafayette
11,510
11,510
100%
743.3
471.5
63%
388.4
437.7
205.0
MO Linn
7,960
7,960
100%
150.9
89.0
59%
86.1
83.5
66.8
MO Macon
5,800
5,800
100%
44.5
9.3
21%
9.3
9.3
22.9
MO Madison
4,202
4,202
100%
109.1
79.7
73%
69.3
75.0
28.3
MO Marion
21,063
21,063
100%
777.3
387.2
50%
332.6
333.3
297.9
MO Monroe
2,725
2,725
100%
164.4
89.6
55%
88.7
84.6
68.4
MO Montgomery
1,440
1,440
100%
35.0
26.7
76%
20.7
25.4
8.7
MO Newton
11,103
11,103
100%
62.7
28.8
46%
27.5
22.3
40.3
MO Nodaway
9,872
9,872
100%
00
00
40.2
47%
31.7
34.2
49.0
MOPerry
6,933
6,933
100%
96.0
61.7
64%
59.5
35.3
55.2
MO Pettis
20,339
20,339
100%
16.3
11.2
69%
11.2
10.2
4.9
MO Pike
9,165
9,165
100%
665.5
360.3
54%
306.7
327.3
162.7
MO Pulaski
24,000
24,000
100%
166.0
130.4
79%
94.0
127.3
17.9
MO Putnam
1,972
1,972
100%
10.1
7.1
70%
4.9
6.7
0.0
MO Randolph
13,971
13,971
100%
91.5
54.3
59%
50.9
46.0
22.6
MO Scotland
2,000
2,000
100%
4.5
4.5
100%
4.5
1.5
0.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
MO Shelby
1,640
1,640
100%
144.6
108.1
75%
83.2
107.0
36.5
MO St.Francois
800
800
100%
6.4
4.3
67%
2.3
4.3
0.0
MO St.Louis
1,447,600
1,447,600
100%
1,774.0
1,040.5
59%
860.5
934.1
487.9
MO Sullivan
3,325
3,325
100%
72.8
49.6
68%
41.1
46.6
23.7
MO Taney
10,700
10,700
100%
174.9
81.9
47%
79.0
48.1
21.2
MO Wayne
2,487
2,487
100%
275.7
207.0
75%
161.1
201.2
60.5
MS Hinds
108,537
108,537
100%
10.6
6.5
62%
6.5
4.5
5.0
MS Itawamba
25
25
100%
175.0
98.8
56%
71.4
95.4
70.8
MS Tishomingo
1,479
1,479
100%
161.4
104.6
65%
102.7
93.2
46.3
MT Beaverhead
513
478
93%
9.7
6.8
70%
3.2
6.1
2.9
MT BigHorn
3,540
3,540
100%
511.5
321.5
63%
258.5
235.6
175.1
MT Blaine
2,120
2,120
100%
69.8
67.9
97%
26.1
67.8
0.0
MT Carbon
2,000
2,000
100%
65.2
39.4
60%
37.2
25.3
36.2
MT Cascade
60,267
60,267
100%
145.5
65.6
45%
46.2
51.7
57.5
MT Chouteau
500
500
100%
281.3
203.8
72%
117.2
201.1
37.2
MT Custer
8,800
8,800
100%
189.1
137.9
73%
70.0
137.9
37.1
MT Dawson
4,806
4,806
100%
260.9
169.6
65%
99.0
165.5
14.0
MT DeerLodge
25
25
100%
1.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
1.5
MT Fergus
55
55
100%
2.3
0.0
2%
0.0
0.0
2.3
MT Flathead
10,788
10,788
100%
30.6
28.4
93%
24.7
4.7
21.5
MT Gallatin
43,944
43,636
99%
35.0
18.0
51%
18.0
1.2
32.5
MT Garfield
50
50
100%
55.1
49.9
91%
31.4
48.2
0.0
MT Glacier
7,417
7,417
100%
364.8
214.0
59%
119.6
190.4
80.6
MT Granite
925
925
100%
0.2
0.2
100%
0.2
0.0
0.2
MT Hill
11,610
11,610
100%
222.6
135.1
61%
72.5
131.7
58.7
MT Jefferson
197
197
100%
2.9
0.4
14%
0.4
0.4
2.5
MT JudithBasin
124
0
0%
1.8
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
1.8
MT Lake
2,679
2,679
100%
75.6
58.6
78%
47.0
32.8
24.9
MT Liberty
950
950
100%
131.9
76.9
58%
57.7
69.6
5.9
MT Lincoln
4,695
4,695
100%
26.4
19.9
75%
19.2
9.3
15.6
MT McCone
50
0
0%
9.2
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
MT Meagher
1,060
1,060
100%
7.7
5.2
68%
5.2
0.0
7.7
MT Mineral
400
400
100%
8.7
5.1
58%
0.0
5.1
0.0
MT Missoula
1,792
1,792
100%
12.3
10.4
84%
8.6
4.7
6.4
MT Musselshell
170
170
100%
209.7
136.2
65%
42.3
131.3
35.3
MT Park
700
0
0%
1.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
1.9
MT Pondera
3,718
3,718
100%
104.0
69.2
67%
60.3
62.5
0.0
MT Powell
25
25
100%
1.7
1.7
100%
1.7
0.0
1.7
MT Ravalli
2,720
2,720
100%
620.0
320.5
52%
216.2
192.3
316.6
MT Richland
25
25
100%
180.3
127.3
71%
50.7
122.6
5.2
MT Roosevelt
716
716
100%
229.3
115.2
50%
55.6
114.5
56.5
MT Rosebud
3,944
3,944
100%
419.6
291.8
70%
165.0
279.6
23.0
MT Sanders
1,907
57
3%
15.4
4.6
30%
0.0
4.6
6.3
MT SilverBow
38,000
38,000
100%
443.2
264.5
60%
223.9
133.0
259.4
MT Stillwater
131
70
53%
12.7
3.4
26%
0.0
3.4
9.4
MT Teton
167
167
100%
174.1
93.4
54%
62.3
89.4
29.7
MT Toole
75
75
100%
330.1
270.7
82%
52.9
269.4
10.7
MTValley
3,547
3,493
98%
283.7
98.9
35%
94.9
32.3
9.2
MT Yellowstone
126,249
12,249
10%
444.2
229.6
52%
162.1
218.3
72.1
NC Alamance
66,082
66,082
100%
304.8
150.5
49%
149.2
44.6
234.6
NC Anson
18,155
18,155
100%
24.7
15.6
63%
15.6
1.5
19.8
NC Ashe
1,763
1,763
100%
61.3
24.0
39%
24.0
0.0
60.5
NC Brunswick
72,290
72,290
100%
96.5
38.7
40%
38.7
0.0
53.6

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
NC Buncombe
137,650
137,650
100%
289.3
180.6
62%
180.6
0.0
286.1
NC Burke
37,217
37,217
100%
439.4
209.6
48%
209.6
31.6
378.9
NC Cabarrus
69,670
69,670
100%
154.9
104.6
68%
103.7
33.4
115.5
NC Caldwell
28,322
28,322
100%
347.5
183.3
53%
183.3
10.5
315.2
NC Caswell
2,716
2,716
100%
64.9
48.4
75%
46.8
31.8
32.6
NC Catawba
73,652
73,652
100%
252.7
135.7
54%
135.7
18.6
206.0
NC Chatham
26,053
26,053
100%
576.0
321.8
56%
312.8
210.3
317.7
NC Cherokee
7,652
7,652
100%
305.0
197.8
65%
195.9
33.6
254.6
NC Cleveland
89,581
89,581
100%
311.9
153.1
49%
152.2
8.0
295.2
NC Columbus
925
925
100%
151.2
55.1
36%
54.6
0.5
82.0
NC Cumberland
179,025
179,025
100%
337.9
187.3
55%
179.3
88.1
200.0
NC Dare
3,125
0
0%
10.5
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
NC Davidson
181,609
181,609
100%
838.1
453.5
54%
450.7
147.7
539.7
NC Davie
29,796
29,796
100%
607.0
350.3
58%
347.7
205.2
362.3
NC Durham
225,714
225,714
100%
214.9
110.6
51%
108.5
36.3
164.3
NC Edgecombe
11,925
11,925
100%
358.1
199.0
56%
181.3
155.4
183.0
NC Forsyth
286,028
286,028
100%
560.4
329.7
59%
324.8
189.5
301.9
NC Franklin
6,468
6,468
100%
170.5
87.7
51%
77.9
47.1
117.9
NC Gaston
115,240
115,240
100%
373.6
183.5
49%
182.7
24.1
270.3
NC Graham
3,950
3,950
100%
408.9
246.1
60%
246.1
0.0
331.5
NC Granville
15,357
15,357
100%
77.1
42.0
54%
40.2
22.3
44.7
NC Guilford
346,867
346,867
100%
200.0
113.5
57%
113.2
12.7
141.8
NC Halifax
26,483
26,483
100%
289.7
169.1
58%
164.9
97.5
73.4
NC Flarnett
89,201
89,201
100%
291.0
173.2
60%
161.0
122.4
135.6
NC Flaywood
34,415
34,415
100%
216.6
139.2
64%
139.2
0.0
215.5
NC Flenderson
53,950
53,950
100%
95.9
48.9
51%
48.9
0.0
95.7
NC Iredell
51,589
51,589
100%
113.6
69.2
61%
00
00
32.1
75.0
NC Jackson
13,482
13,482
100%
177.0
94.6
53%
94.6
0.0
152.3
NC Johnston
68,076
68,076
100%
178.1
103.5
58%
100.2
74.5
98.0
NC Lee
44,550
44,550
100%
196.4
103.9
53%
103.3
49.1
143.9
NC Lincoln
34,396
34,396
100%
87.9
49.2
56%
48.8
27.1
56.6
NC Macon
16,055
16,055
100%
71.8
42.0
58%
42.0
0.0
70.8
NC Madison
3,102
3,102
100%
3.1
3.1
100%
3.1
0.0
3.1
NC McDowell
8,498
8,498
100%
50.2
37.0
74%
34.7
20.6
27.7
NC Mecklenburg
761,830
761,830
100%
16.6
6.1
37%
6.1
0.0
3.9
NC Mitchell
5,600
5,600
100%
86.7
50.6
58%
50.6
0.0
86.6
NC Montgomery
14,250
14,250
100%
207.5
118.1
57%
118.1
7.1
135.5
NC Moore
16,008
16,008
100%
376.6
223.8
59%
217.4
139.1
229.5
NC Nash
57,158
57,158
100%
143.7
80.9
56%
75.6
52.7
76.0
NC NewFlanover
132,936
132,936
100%
96.5
38.7
40%
38.7
0.0
53.6
NC Orange
96,070
96,070
100%
174.7
104.3
60%
101.7
57.4
105.8
NC Person
13,135
13,135
100%
157.7
84.4
54%
84.0
23.4
97.9
NC Pitt
83,210
83,210
100%
262.4
126.1
48%
112.8
90.2
75.0
NC Polk
5,548
5,548
100%
15.9
9.7
61%
9.7
0.0
14.4
NC Randolph
37,305
37,305
100%
274.4
160.4
58%
158.0
84.9
174.5
NC Richmond
40,004
40,004
100%
583.7
341.1
58%
340.1
32.2
479.1
NC Robeson
26,000
26,000
100%
200.1
55.8
28%
47.0
24.5
107.2
NC Rockingham
37,516
37,516
100%
553.1
284.0
51%
282.8
151.7
343.9
NC Rowan
87,100
87,100
100%
231.5
123.8
53%
123.8
38.0
158.0
NC Rutherford
29,475
29,475
100%
200.0
105.4
53%
105.4
34.1
164.5
NCStanly
19,986
19,986
100%
590.5
322.5
55%
322.1
68.7
353.6
NC Stokes
20,490
20,490
100%
338.9
199.0
59%
195.0
132.0
175.6
NCSurry
21,228
21,228
100%
334.6
210.3
63%
203.6
118.8
212.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
NC Swain
3,800
3,800
100%
64.3
40.4
63%
40.4
0.0
64.3
NC Transylvania
8,680
8,680
100%
19.1
13.3
70%
13.3
0.0
19.1
NC Union
32,454
32,454
100%
29.4
21.1
72%
21.1
2.4
21.6
NC Vance
17,000
17,000
100%
11.2
4.3
39%
3.6
3.2
4.8
NC Wake
540,143
540,143
100%
355.5
215.0
60%
211.3
128.0
190.9
NC Watauga
31,611
31,611
100%
59.1
40.3
68%
40.3
0.0
57.9
NCWayne
34,415
34,415
100%
79.3
49.8
63%
46.8
21.3
57.0
NC Wilkes
9,196
9,196
100%
253.5
151.6
60%
151.6
0.8
236.1
NC Wilson
48,400
48,400
100%
306.1
185.0
60%
176.4
133.1
153.2
NC Yadkin
8,013
8,013
100%
80.6
51.2
63%
50.0
28.0
51.5
NC Yancey
3,760
3,760
100%
67.9
43.9
65%
43.9
0.0
67.9
ND Barnes
6,889
6,889
100%
89.7
67.9
76%
43.7
64.4
14.7
ND Burleigh
55,532
55,532
100%
220.2
167.2
76%
92.9
160.6
10.8
ND Cass
90,599
90,599
100%
112.9
43.7
39%
33.0
43.7
54.0
ND Cavalier
2,101
2,101
100%
60.3
53.8
89%
30.2
53.6
0.0
ND GrandForks
49,321
49,321
100%
207.1
90.0
43%
61.2
89.2
78.7
ND McLean
3,483
3,483
100%
546.0
327.6
60%
207.7
278.1
38.7
ND Mercer
720
720
100%
496.6
279.8
56%
199.3
223.7
41.3
ND Morton
16,718
16,718
100%
3.8
2.7
71%
2.7
2.4
0.0
ND Mountrail
981
981
100%
71.8
54.7
76%
41.8
54.7
15.2
ND Pembina
1,992
1,992
100%
397.7
182.4
46%
119.8
175.4
111.1
ND Stark
6,995
6,995
100%
2.3
2.3
99%
2.3
1.5
0.0
ND Traill
1,953
1,953
100%
61.4
9.3
15%
3.0
9.3
51.9
ND Walsh
6,051
6,051
100%
252.2
146.1
58%
80.3
134.7
74.7
ND Ward
36,567
36,567
100%
109.2
67.9
62%
30.7
62.4
45.3
ND Williams
12,512
12,512
100%
428.8
222.1
52%
99.4
216.1
38.3
NE Cass
2,500
2,500
100%
8.9
8.6
97%
8.6
1.9
4.3
NE Cedar
2,000
2,000
100%
6.4
3.9
60%
3.9
2.1
0.0
NE Dawes
7,134
7,134
100%
27.1
20.5
76%
15.3
19.8
6.2
NE Douglas
506,420
506,420
100%
387.4
225.6
58%
171.3
206.9
83.2
NE Washington
7,512
7,512
100%
324.6
127.3
39%
108.1
80.4
69.0
NH Belknap
15,235
15,235
100%
105.0
51.5
49%
45.3
23.3
17.3
NH Carroll
6,891
6,866
99.64%
32.9
16.2
49%
12.4
5.0
22.4
NH Cheshire
26,730
26,680
99.81%
542.7
324.7
60%
317.2
71.6
421.9
NH Coos
14,713
14,580
99%
39.4
22.9
58%
22.9
0.8
38.1
NH Grafton
33,575
33,365
99%
373.4
211.9
57%
211.9
13.0
332.0
NH Hillsborough
226,143
226,143
100%
499.3
251.4
50%
243.1
80.4
341.3
NH Merrimack
46,845
46,845
100%
6.7
4.5
67%
4.5
0.0
4.3
NH Rockingham
67,043
67,000
99.94%
151.3
83.0
55%
82.1
7.0
126.1
NH Strafford
48,150
48,150
100%
253.9
130.9
52%
130.1
25.3
214.0
NH Sullivan
18,332
18,332
100%
345.9
220.4
64%
210.2
152.7
153.8
NJ Atlantic
150,000
150,000
100%
12.3
9.5
77%
9.5
0.0
9.4
NJ Bergen
773,458
773,458
100%
99.0
48.1
49%
45.2
00
00
76.2
NJ Burlington
278,709
278,709
100%
589.0
237.6
40%
237.6
27.1
422.9
NJ Essex
490,230
490,230
100%
117.0
58.2
50%
58.2
0.0
102.3
NJ Hudson
229,000
229,000
100%
108.1
46.5
43%
46.5
0.0
87.9
NJ Hunterdon
4,400
4,400
100%
41.3
16.3
39%
16.3
0.0
38.5
NJ Mercer
205,000
205,000
100%
379.8
159.5
42%
155.3
41.4
228.5
NJ Middlesex
356,878
356,878
100%
498.7
251.7
50%
251.7
39.7
387.2
NJ Monmouth
378,678
378,678
100%
174.0
112.5
65%
112.5
0.0
162.3
NJ Morris
84,819
84,819
100%
60.7
26.8
44%
26.8
1.1
45.5
NJ Ocean
80,494
80,494
100%
84.6
51.1
60%
51.1
1.4
78.6
NJ Passaic
544,900
544,900
100%
281.0
136.4
49%
136.4
8.2
215.2

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
NJ Salem
6,199
6,199
100%
11.1
8.2
74%
5.8
3.2
6.1
NJ Sussex
17,437
17,437
100%
25.3
14.0
55%
14.0
0.0
20.4
NJ Union
635,887
635,887
100%
272.4
125.6
46%
125.6
8.2
230.0
NJ Warren
22,000
22,000
100%
4.1
4.1
100%
4.1
0.0
4.0
NM Bernalillo
1,200
1,200
100%
2.7
2.7
100%
2.7
2.7
0.0
NM Catron
172
172
100%
6.6
6.6
100%
6.6
6.6
0.0
NM Colfax
14,129
14,069
99.58%
428.3
230.4
54%
190.5
175.5
175.4
NM Grant
700
700
100%
2.0
2.0
100%
0.0
2.0
0.0
NM Lincoln
12,805
12,805
100%
128.5
98.4
77%
82.2
65.6
61.7
NM McKinley
125
125
100%
3.7
3.7
100%
3.7
3.7
0.0
NM Mora
754
629
83%
61.1
52.2
85%
8.3
46.4
14.7
NM Otero
48,948
48,948
100%
527.2
460.0
87%
164.7
446.5
52.4
NM RioArriba
3,402
3,352
99%
391.9
204.4
52%
159.6
156.1
137.8
NM Sandoval
2,690
2,690
100%
22.0
18.2
83%
13.8
16.3
5.8
NM SanJuan
82,185
82,185
100%
1,086.2
691.8
64%
521.8
661.2
99.3
NM SanMiguel
19,965
19,900
99.67%
304.0
208.3
69%
139.2
183.8
84.0
NM SantaFe
85,065
85,065
100%
42.0
33.3
79%
29.6
27.1
13.3
NM Socorro
8,706
8,706
100%
2.3
2.3
100%
2.3
2.3
0.0
NM Taos
360
360
100%
16.9
16.9
99.83%
16.9
14.7
2.2
NV Clark
8,000
8,000
100%
1.0
1.0
98%
1.0
0.0
1.0
NV Elko
30
30
100%
3.5
3.5
100%
3.5
0.0
3.5
NV Eureka
527
527
100%
21.3
20.7
97%
0.0
20.7
0.6
NV Humboldt
9,143
9,143
100%
21.4
13.5
63%
0.0
13.5
6.6
NV Washoe
92
92
100%
0.7
0.7
100%
0.0
0.7
0.0
NV WhitePine
6,000
6,000
100%
0.9
0.6
73%
0.0
0.6
0.0
NY Albany
272,821
272,821
100%
505.4
275.8
55%
275.8
0.0
432.2
NY Allegany
10,235
9,110
89%
175.9
101.5
58%
99.8
48.3
125.1
NY Broome
47,600
47,600
100%
296.0
162.4
55%
162.4
10.1
247.9
NY Cattaraugus
18,700
18,700
100%
115.8
62.2
54%
62.2
7.5
103.1
NY Cayuga
34,603
34,603
100%
341.6
225.3
66%
225.3
0.0
240.4
NY Chautauqua
44,298
44,048
99%
81.8
61.5
75%
61.5
0.0
69.8
NY Chemung
65,000
65,000
100%
257.3
139.7
54%
135.7
21.8
205.1
NY Chenango
9,188
9,188
100%
9.7
7.5
77%
7.5
0.0
8.6
NY Clinton
24,205
23,416
97%
277.0
104.1
38%
104.1
3.6
109.2
NY Columbia
10,684
10,684
100%
17.0
16.9
99.74%
16.9
0.0
15.6
NY Delaware
3,976
3,557
89%
62.0
43.9
71%
43.9
0.0
60.4
NY Dutchess
34,815
34,815
100%
844.6
366.3
43%
366.3
9.3
640.4
NY Erie
594,549
318,454
54%
37.5
17.6
47%
15.7
11.7
8.5
NY Essex
24,117
24,083
99.86%
512.3
210.9
41%
208.1
4.6
337.8
NY Franklin
24,435
24,435
100%
240.7
140.7
58%
140.3
23.8
172.9
NY Fulton
26,942
26,562
99%
38.9
24.0
62%
24.0
0.0
35.1
NY Genesee
16,310
16,310
100%
101.5
53.8
53%
50.6
40.0
61.0
NY Greene
21,156
20,956
99%
169.1
107.3
63%
107.3
0.0
143.7
NY Flamilton
1,605
1,573
98%
64.7
40.9
63%
40.9
0.0
48.0
NY Flerkimer
25,639
24,731
96%
161.8
111.3
69%
111.3
0.0
138.4
NY Jefferson
48,749
45,907
94%
301.8
143.0
47%
140.7
10.0
178.2
NYKings
6,552,718
6,552,718
100%
633.9
322.9
51%
322.9
5.2
450.0
NY Lewis
5,986
5,936
99%
178.7
117.9
66%
117.9
0.0
175.3
NY Livingston
24,993
24,993
100%
117.6
86.1
73%
86.1
4.2
94.7
NY Madison
12,245
12,150
99%
30.4
19.5
64%
19.5
0.0
29.0
NY Monroe
532,500
524,000
98%
86.7
62.0
72%
61.3
4.8
68.8
NY Montgomery
28,375
28,375
100%
85.0
51.6
61%
51.6
0.0
76.7
NY NewYork
1,000,000
1,000,000
100%
461.1
219.3
48%
218.7
9.9
306.3

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
NY Niagara
111,134
111,134
100%
305.6
157.1
51%
128.4
107.7
122.5
NY Oneida
159,791
159,721
99.96%
343.4
187.4
55%
187.4
0.0
308.7
NY Onondaga
449,129
448,679
99.90%
126.5
75.4
60%
75.4
0.0
84.2
NY Ontario
30,993
30,993
100%
329.8
226.3
69%
226.3
0.0
208.7
NY Orange
175,544
175,544
100%
624.3
295.8
47%
295.0
5.8
478.2
NY Orleans
7,418
0
0%
4.6
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
NY Oswego
35,420
29,400
83%
3.4
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
NY Otsego
20,653
20,553
99.52%
134.5
78.8
59%
78.8
0.0
117.0
NY Putnam
10,489
10,489
100%
545.4
250.9
46%
250.9
2.9
418.0
NY Rensselaer
49,170
49,170
100%
49.4
26.9
55%
26.9
0.0
40.3
NY Rockland
305,880
305,880
100%
64.5
40.3
62%
40.3
6.0
43.3
NY Saratoga
58,750
58,725
99.96%
540.2
279.1
52%
279.1
0.0
410.7
NY Schenectady
453
453
100%
8.2
7.2
89%
7.2
0.0
7.5
NY Schoharie
7,853
7,828
99.68%
164.3
107.4
65%
107.4
0.0
159.8
NY Schuyler
2,304
2,304
100%
6.0
6.0
100%
6.0
0.0
5.2
NY Seneca
16,956
16,956
100%
288.3
198.5
69%
198.5
0.0
180.3
NY St.Lawrence
50,719
50,169
99%
923.5
435.2
47%
421.9
174.5
519.6
NY Steuben
10,086
10,086
100%
157.9
112.4
71%
112.4
0.0
132.0
NY Sullivan
16,102
16,102
100%
13.7
10.9
80%
10.9
0.0
9.1
NY Tioga
4,830
4,830
100%
100.7
61.7
61%
61.7
0.0
100.3
NY Tompkins
93,457
93,457
100%
177.2
111.8
63%
111.8
0.0
172.7
NY Ulster
56,765
55,773
98%
911.8
434.9
48%
434.9
10.8
690.1
NY Warren
41,438
41,102
99%
295.0
166.1
56%
166.1
1.9
192.5
NY Washington
9,927
9,927
100%
197.9
92.4
47%
92.4
0.0
121.6
NY Wayne
38,315
21,653
57%
35.2
11.1
31%
11.1
0.0
23.3
NY Westchester
170,585
170,585
100%
156.0
71.2
46%
71.2
0.0
99.2
NY Wyoming
14,715
14,615
99%
31.8
20.9
66%
20.9
11.4
14.0
NY Yates
6,112
5,962
98%
90.5
60.7
67%
60.7
0.0
55.9
OH Allen
74,750
74,750
100%
203.6
133.9
66%
116.2
121.9
76.7
OH Ashland
1,522
1,522
100%
4.2
4.2
100%
4.2
1.3
1.8
OH Ashtabula
56,426
3,088
5%
154.9
103.8
67%
93.1
00
00
55.2
OH Athens
305
305
100%
41.7
24.5
59%
21.8
23.4
11.4
OH Belmont
18,287
18,287
100%
17.3
15.1
87%
14.4
11.0
2.9
OH Brown
4,965
4,965
100%
45.3
34.9
77%
33.8
30.7
12.3
OH Carroll
3,400
3,400
100%
80.1
50.9
64%
48.7
47.9
22.9
OH Clermont
104,402
104,402
100%
33.2
23.8
71%
23.3
12.1
19.4
OH Clinton
16,421
16,421
100%
198.6
129.0
65%
126.5
104.7
84.2
OH Columbiana
46,963
46,963
100%
797.3
477.3
60%
441.6
386.9
309.7
OH Coshocton
411
411
100%
5.5
4.7
86%
4.7
2.9
2.6
OH Crawford
25,552
25,552
100%
70.8
41.6
59%
41.6
23.1
45.7
OH Cuyahoga
1,518,970
1,518,970
100%
55.9
15.6
28%
10.3
15.6
12.4
OH Darke
13,200
13,200
100%
113.9
60.6
53%
60.2
36.6
63.6
OH Defiance
17,000
17,000
100%
125.4
69.5
55%
65.1
62.6
32.1
OH Delaware
161,445
161,445
100%
294.6
188.8
64%
177.0
157.4
102.3
OH Erie
47,571
10,927
23%
75.3
26.8
36%
26.8
17.0
45.0
OH Fayette
14,200
14,200
100%
25.5
7.7
30%
7.7
7.7
17.8
OH Franklin
1,024,591
1,024,591
100%
483.9
297.1
61%
288.1
206.4
201.0
OH Fulton
20,437
20,437
100%
783.6
497.8
64%
447.1
421.6
285.6
OH Guernsey
16,265
16,265
100%
107.4
59.1
55%
56.4
45.1
61.3
OH Hamilton
813,000
813,000
100%
521.9
316.8
61%
307.8
133.4
291.6
OH Hancock
41,700
41,700
100%
114.6
65.6
57%
64.9
46.6
43.1
OH Harrison
3,308
3,308
100%
54.4
33.8
62%
33.8
14.9
36.5
OH Henry
11,468
11,468
100%
803.6
531.9
66%
456.9
492.6
212.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
OH Highland
7,000
7,000
100%
35.1
26.1
74%
24.9
21.2
13.6
OH Hocking
200
200
100%
1.0
1.0
100%
1.0
1.0
0.0
OH Huron
36,644
36,644
100%
422.2
263.1
62%
247.2
223.1
190.9
OH Jackson
16,691
16,691
100%
84.9
66.1
78%
57.0
63.1
14.0
OH Jefferson
29,017
29,017
100%
810.3
490.7
61%
452.2
357.4
360.0
OH Lake
229,263
110,317
48%
177.4
85.4
48%
81.3
52.4
82.1
OH Lawrence
20,692
20,692
100%
1,059.5
553.0
52%
549.2
141.4
754.0
OH Licking
48,000
48,000
100%
178.3
119.9
67%
116.8
97.0
81.1
OH Lorain
199,830
199,830
100%
182.6
105.4
58%
99.2
87.5
86.8
OH Lucas
379,335
0
0%
4.0
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
OH Mahoning
61,900
61,900
100%
136.9
88.8
65%
82.8
73.0
48.7
OH Marion
47,000
47,000
100%
159.1
97.4
61%
73.7
93.2
60.7
OH Mercer
11,546
11,546
100%
133.4
75.9
57%
54.6
72.5
47.4
OH Miami
20,883
20,883
100%
275.3
173.9
63%
156.0
148.6
117.7
OH Monroe
2,598
2,598
100%
39.3
27.4
70%
26.9
20.6
17.8
OH Muskingum
9,592
9,592
100%
164.8
100.7
61%
100.7
66.3
95.7
OH Noble
7,550
7,550
100%
16.7
13.6
82%
13.0
11.9
0.0
OH Ottawa
24,645
3,510
14%
26.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
OH Paulding
3,595
3,595
100%
112.4
86.3
77%
73.2
68.7
39.7
OH Perry
9,696
9,696
100%
23.0
18.3
80%
17.4
9.7
10.9
OH Pike
1,500
1,500
100%
317.6
184.9
58%
162.8
169.8
101.8
OH Portage
16,942
16,942
100%
133.9
88.4
66%
87.8
66.0
45.3
OH Putnam
4,367
4,367
100%
165.6
84.7
51%
82.8
35.2
122.5
OH Richland
60,860
60,860
100%
96.2
64.6
67%
63.1
44.9
45.3
OHSandusky
25,584
25,584
100%
291.1
147.4
51%
124.1
95.9
117.7
OH Scioto
39,300
39,300
100%
686.9
352.1
51%
350.5
72.2
504.8
OH Seneca
34,562
34,562
100%
277.5
175.8
63%
156.0
117.9
139.4
OHShelby
20,211
20,211
100%
202.2
128.6
64%
111.1
116.7
82.7
OH Stark
23,000
23,000
100%
41.3
29.1
71%
27.7
24.2
8.4
OH Summit
309,000
309,000
100%
112.4
72.6
65%
60.3
55.5
47.2
OH Trumbull
59,279
59,279
100%
767.5
493.0
64%
475.7
305.0
334.4
OH Tuscarawas
9,224
9,224
100%
55.2
18.8
34%
18.8
14.2
41.0
OH Union
18,000
18,000
100%
55.9
30.6
55%
30.4
29.0
25.9
OH VanWert
10,690
10,690
100%
20.8
4.3
21%
4.3
4.3
16.5
OH Wood
33,361
33,361
100%
654.3
371.6
57%
300.8
304.9
266.2
OH Wyandot
6,600
6,600
100%
68.5
33.6
49%
30.2
31.5
35.4
OK Adair
3,951
3,951
100%
31.2
27.6
89%
19.3
25.7
3.6
OK Atoka
6,993
6,993
100%
163.8
92.6
57%
89.5
48.6
91.0
OK Bryan
21,815
21,815
100%
78.5
55.5
71%
44.3
55.0
23.0
OK Caddo
6,645
6,645
100%
68.5
32.4
47%
32.4
16.3
42.4
OK Carter
38,411
38,411
100%
30.4
18.6
61%
16.4
15.7
7.0
OK Cherokee
26,681
26,681
100%
1,096.5
739.2
67%
636.0
692.3
263.4
OK Choctaw
5,622
5,622
100%
196.9
100.9
51%
100.9
42.2
99.8
OK Cleveland
89,952
89,952
100%
55.5
25.1
45%
25.1
7.4
30.4
OK Coal
2,005
2,005
100%
23.4
18.6
80%
18.5
10.2
10.6
OK Comanche
92,783
92,783
100%
238.4
147.3
62%
121.0
137.1
63.4
OK Cotton
3,803
3,803
100%
93.6
48.7
52%
42.0
42.5
35.6
OK Craig
8,934
8,934
100%
202.8
121.5
60%
100.6
87.7
21.3
OK Creek
29,036
29,036
100%
274.8
187.7
68%
159.1
181.7
74.8
OK Custer
8,895
8,895
100%
160.4
106.4
66%
87.6
98.4
28.8
OK Delaware
19,765
19,765
100%
587.2
386.7
66%
327.4
341.0
144.3
OK Garvin
9,936
9,936
100%
51.1
36.8
72%
32.1
30.6
7.9
OK Grady
15,875
15,875
100%
27.5
23.4
85%
8.3
22.0
5.5

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
OK Haskell
5,731
5,731
100%
17.4
13.5
78%
12.9
12.6
3.5
OK Hughes
7,762
7,762
100%
40.2
33.2
83%
29.8
31.5
6.4
OK Jackson
21,477
21,477
100%
104.8
87.2
83%
57.1
80.4
9.0
OK Jefferson
1,988
1,988
100%
69.8
32.4
46%
30.9
31.0
21.8
OK Johnston
4,862
4,862
100%
61.2
30.5
50%
29.5
20.5
38.1
OKKay
33,587
33,587
100%
157.9
99.6
63%
70.3
96.0
44.9
OK Kiowa
5,506
5,506
100%
294.9
220.5
75%
165.0
197.0
48.4
OK Latimer
4,018
4,018
100%
8.0
7.7
96%
7.7
6.4
0.0
OK LeFlore
6,834
6,834
100%
44.0
29.8
68%
29.0
18.4
19.9
OK Lincoln
6,829
6,829
100%
385.0
327.8
85%
230.6
322.2
51.3
OK Logan
11,595
11,595
100%
41.1
31.0
75%
25.6
30.5
6.3
OK Marshall
17,152
17,152
100%
28.3
19.4
68%
19.4
11.8
13.9
OK Mayes
15,686
15,686
100%
684.7
424.4
62%
356.9
335.6
139.2
OK McCurtain
16,810
16,810
100%
382.4
239.0
62%
232.7
97.4
169.3
OK Mcintosh
14,291
14,291
100%
459.1
255.4
56%
222.8
201.0
18.9
OKMurray
9,934
9,934
100%
83.6
63.6
76%
44.1
55.1
19.6
OK Muskogee
47,092
47,092
100%
511.8
338.1
66%
294.4
302.0
106.9
OK Noble
6,035
6,035
100%
219.3
131.1
60%
117.4
107.9
43.2
OK Nowata
4,725
4,725
100%
311.2
183.8
59%
174.5
132.3
165.9
OK Okfuskee
4,052
4,052
100%
35.1
32.1
91%
29.6
16.7
13.4
OK Oklahoma
749,933
749,933
100%
76.0
38.8
51%
37.7
19.6
38.6
OK Okmulgee
20,482
20,482
100%
78.5
57.9
74%
51.2
52.4
9.6
OK Osage
17,766
17,766
100%
223.4
118.3
53%
105.7
87.6
111.8
OK Ottawa
1,118
1,118
100%
44.1
26.5
60%
26.0
17.2
12.1
OK Pawnee
5,662
5,662
100%
84.7
67.4
80%
59.0
63.0
17.6
OK Payne
40,000
40,000
100%
193.0
107.4
56%
98.4
86.1
43.2
OK Pittsburg
31,158
31,158
100%
223.9
147.5
66%
126.6
139.8
38.3
OK Pottawatomie
36,648
36,648
100%
44.9
40.9
91%
32.8
34.2
0.3
OK Pushmataha
6,946
6,946
100%
344.3
212.2
62%
201.6
157.2
163.8
OK RogerMills
778
778
100%
7.1
4.7
66%
4.7
4.7
2.1
OK Rogers
42,209
42,209
100%
236.3
102.8
43%
88.7
67.5
81.6
OK Seminole
3,562
3,562
100%
83.4
62.8
75%
56.7
51.8
22.4
OK Sequoyah
31,658
31,658
100%
246.1
154.6
63%
131.3
134.4
46.1
OK Stephens
24,665
24,665
100%
136.5
76.3
56%
68.1
62.6
50.3
OK Tillman
4,637
4,637
100%
52.9
48.5
92%
36.0
45.3
0.8
OK Tulsa
588,268
588,268
100%
180.5
95.1
53%
80.6
60.2
32.9
OK Wagoner
48,151
48,151
100%
463.4
263.0
57%
246.6
180.3
152.3
OK Washington
35,907
35,907
100%
346.6
185.0
53%
141.6
147.2
159.9
OR Baker
10,345
10,345
100%
52.1
38.2
73%
31.5
18.2
26.7
OR Benton
60,165
60,165
100%
453.1
254.0
56%
209.1
193.5
194.4
OR Clackamas
160,675
160,085
99.63%
1,051.8
604.9
58%
590.2
116.8
882.3
OR Clatsop
35,308
34,658
98%
126.0
93.6
74%
93.6
2.3
123.0
OR Columbia
13,290
13,260
99.77%
968.3
486.4
50%
469.2
108.1
640.0
OR Coos
50,956
50,956
100%
667.9
392.3
59%
389.4
30.9
627.9
OR Crook
400
400
100%
3.5
3.5
99.75%
1.9
1.6
1.9
OR Curry
5,286
5,286
100%
793.5
457.3
58%
454.9
32.0
705.7
OR Deschutes
52,320
52,320
100%
3.7
3.7
100%
3.7
0.0
3.7
OR Douglas
84,141
84,046
99.89%
2,757.6
1,702.9
62%
1,671.6
273.0
2,344.8
OR Grant
3,413
2,791
82%
12.8
5.8
45%
4.2
1.5
10.6
OR HoodRiver
17,775
13,275
75%
16.6
10.3
62%
7.9
8.1
7.5
OR Jackson
114,924
114,849
99.93%
1,430.6
725.8
51%
671.6
287.5
836.2
OR Jefferson
12,451
12,315
99%
21.7
11.3
52%
4.4
7.4
12.4
OR Josephine
34,185
34,185
100%
1,585.4
879.2
55%
857.2
196.3
1,174.5

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
OR Klamath
110
110
100%
5.4
5.3
99%
5.3
0.9
4.4
OR Lake
2,800
2,800
100%
2.8
2.8
100%
1.9
1.0
1.9
OR Lane
249,742
249,567
99.93%
1,444.0
887.8
61%
875.5
59.9
1,284.6
OR Lincoln
46,767
46,737
99.94%
440.4
271.4
62%
268.8
36.6
376.9
OR Linn
73,860
73,650
99.72%
1,843.3
1,074.1
58%
953.8
435.2
1,171.8
OR Malheur
11,390
11,390
100%
276.8
94.6
34%
42.6
80.2
48.1
OR Marion
20,135
20,135
100%
1,187.0
696.9
59%
642.5
248.3
803.0
OR Morrow
50
50
100%
1.5
1.5
100%
1.5
0.0
1.5
OR Multnomah
542,755
542,500
99.95%
135.6
91.0
67%
89.7
30.6
94.0
OR Polk
19,636
19,636
100%
120.9
74.1
61%
74.1
11.1
108.4
OR Sherman
1,001
1,001
100%
1.9
1.9
99.55%
0.0
1.9
0.0
OR Tillamook
17,698
16,303
92%
91.5
54.0
59%
54.0
1.4
74.7
OR Umatilla
32,835
32,800
99.89%
1,404.6
644.2
46%
294.6
608.6
122.6
OR Union
40
40
100%
0.3
0.0
4%
0.0
0.0
0.0
OR Wallowa
3,997
1,507
38%
51.5
27.3
53%
26.2
1.1
36.7
OR Wasco
13,670
12,950
95%
53.8
42.5
79%
28.1
27.0
22.7
OR Washington
24,429
24,299
99.47%
197.8
100.3
51%
100.3
13.3
168.6
OR Wheeler
635
635
100%
4.3
4.3
100%
4.3
0.0
4.3
OR Yamhill
65,230
65,200
99.95%
428.7
255.7
60%
253.8
24.7
392.3
PA Adams
20,000
20,000
100%
157.9
100.3
64%
100.3
0.0
154.7
PA Allegheny
1,351,362
1,351,362
100%
1,847.5
1,094.3
59%
1,035.4
718.3
889.2
PA Armstrong
19,307
19,307
100%
1,313.2
753.5
57%
745.8
396.8
695.0
PA Beaver
66,723
66,723
100%
864.8
514.7
60%
472.6
404.9
339.0
PA Bedford
7,396
7,396
100%
308.2
183.8
60%
179.0
114.5
161.0
PA Berks
131,108
131,108
100%
290.3
158.2
54%
156.6
24.0
232.7
PA Blair
69,340
69,340
100%
83.2
61.9
74%
61.5
31.7
47.5
PA Bucks
162,427
162,427
100%
765.9
336.7
44%
332.4
50.7
526.7
PA Butler
79,185
79,185
100%
518.8
283.0
55%
278.8
179.8
264.1
PA Cambria
106,062
106,062
100%
256.8
180.3
70%
177.0
128.2
110.2
PA Cameron
3,918
3,918
100%
202.4
124.1
61%
122.1
81.2
120.6
PA Carbon
11,274
11,274
100%
211.4
112.0
53%
109.2
21.6
150.3
PA Centre
70,706
70,706
100%
53.4
33.1
62%
31.2
19.3
33.7
PA Chester
140,938
140,938
100%
371.9
216.2
58%
213.8
77.1
257.5
PA Clarion
19,082
19,082
100%
392.6
228.3
58%
227.8
120.5
234.9
PA Clearfield
40,207
40,207
100%
544.0
315.9
58%
312.4
92.3
394.9
PA Clinton
33,052
33,052
100%
210.7
126.1
60%
126.0
55.4
152.3
PA Columbia
21,500
21,500
100%
202.9
99.0
49%
99.0
34.4
167.8
PA Crawford
2,900
2,900
100%
148.0
74.9
51%
70.6
38.8
101.6
PA Cumberland
164,253
164,253
100%
263.5
147.3
56%
146.9
40.2
212.3
PA Dauphin
231,058
231,058
100%
1,049.8
536.5
51%
532.2
169.9
721.5
PA Delaware
131,070
131,070
100%
151.2
85.0
56%
82.2
19.1
123.2
PA Elk
31,980
31,980
100%
100.4
69.6
69%
69.1
30.0
67.9
PA Erie
190,489
10,489
6%
109.0
70.2
64%
67.2
33.3
57.8
PA Fayette
260,765
260,765
100%
1,709.3
971.7
57%
950.2
500.0
1,018.1
PA Franklin
54,826
54,826
100%
94.2
70.2
74%
70.2
1.9
87.4
PA Greene
50,345
50,345
100%
860.4
498.5
58%
490.0
176.8
590.9
PA Fluntingdon
21,175
21,175
100%
311.9
182.3
58%
180.0
122.4
136.2
PA Indiana
33,692
33,692
100%
198.1
117.1
59%
115.0
76.0
109.6
PA Jefferson
22,033
22,033
100%
200.3
138.2
69%
135.9
43.9
153.3
PA Juniata
4,450
4,450
100%
23.8
10.9
46%
10.9
5.6
17.8
PA Lackawanna
150,225
150,225
100%
108.9
67.9
62%
67.1
5.6
87.8
PA Lancaster
192,938
192,938
100%
966.0
465.2
48%
460.3
137.3
723.7
PA Lawrence
62,821
62,821
100%
293.8
181.1
62%
179.2
67.8
201.1

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
PA Lebanon
57,000
57,000
100%
102.5
54.7
53%
54.7
15.5
78.0
PA Lehigh
109,650
109,650
100%
268.0
134.5
50%
132.5
25.8
204.9
PA Luzerne
235,609
235,609
100%
349.4
217.2
62%
217.2
31.4
273.2
PA Lycoming
60,025
60,025
100%
231.6
144.1
62%
142.7
39.8
159.3
PA McKean
23,395
23,395
100%
18.0
14.7
82%
14.7
7.5
8.7
PA Mercer
63,699
63,699
100%
478.8
326.2
68%
317.3
89.5
330.1
PA Mifflin
27,250
27,250
100%
21.5
15.4
72%
13.3
7.4
12.7
PA Monroe
35,415
35,415
100%
149.1
90.2
60%
89.3
17.5
122.3
PA Montgomery
1,034,457
1,034,457
100%
947.2
533.4
56%
528.5
184.3
674.1
PA Montour
4,897
4,897
100%
496.1
268.7
54%
266.2
113.9
327.9
PA Northampton
270,152
270,152
100%
563.7
273.9
49%
271.8
25.8
417.7
PA Northumberland
84,421
84,421
100%
1,257.0
680.3
54%
663.1
325.4
805.8
PAPerry
2,812
2,812
100%
344.9
181.4
53%
180.1
57.8
241.6
PA Philadelphia
1,600,000
1,600,000
100%
775.2
340.1
44%
340.1
65.9
539.0
PA Potter
1,370
1,370
100%
5.5
2.7
50%
2.7
1.4
4.1
PASchuylkill
86,337
86,337
100%
77.1
72.3
94%
72.3
23.0
43.3
PASnyder
5,856
5,856
100%
777.6
417.3
54%
406.8
219.1
465.1
PA Somerset
21,717
21,717
100%
198.7
128.1
64%
124.8
91.3
99.1
PA Susquehanna
8,399
8,399
100%
52.9
26.2
49%
26.2
0.4
42.2
PA Tioga
12,473
12,473
100%
23.5
17.9
76%
17.9
8.6
13.5
PA Union
3,725
3,725
100%
34.0
20.0
59%
20.0
6.9
27.1
PA Venango
2,015
2,015
100%
271.7
149.4
55%
146.9
66.9
157.7
PA Warren
1,034
1,034
100%
10.8
9.2
85%
9.2
3.0
7.8
PA Washington
40,870
40,870
100%
748.1
436.5
58%
424.7
296.8
372.6
PA Westmoreland
244,362
244,362
100%
928.0
574.5
62%
548.7
372.6
451.6
PA York
219,669
219,669
100%
815.2
406.0
50%
400.7
104.0
583.8
RI Bristol
51,000
51,000
100%
45.4
34.1
75%
34.1
8.4
34.7
RI Newport
49,487
49,487
100%
27.9
16.7
60%
16.7
0.0
18.9
RI Providence
463,306
463,306
100%
181.0
115.9
64%
115.9
24.9
116.8
RI Washington
16,539
1,100
7%
16.2
2.5
16%
2.5
0.0
1.7
SC Abbeville
6,381
6,381
100%
169.6
91.7
54%
90.9
54.4
100.5
SC Aiken
69,180
69,180
100%
478.3
225.3
47%
220.2
91.3
255.9
SC Anderson
1,496
1,496
100%
202.5
114.5
57%
114.5
0.0
175.2
SC Beaufort
98,492
98,492
100%
65.0
22.8
35%
16.9
6.0
47.5
SC Berkeley
25
25
100%
57.7
15.6
27%
15.6
4.7
0.0
SC Charleston
219,748
219,748
100%
291.0
124.2
43%
117.6
16.2
210.3
SC Cherokee
22,132
22,132
100%
271.0
148.8
55%
148.8
5.0
247.7
SC Chester
14,240
14,240
100%
224.9
133.9
60%
133.7
66.0
123.8
SC Chesterfield
6,450
6,450
100%
357.5
187.5
52%
184.2
00
00
221.8
SC Edgefield
21,453
21,453
100%
430.5
197.9
46%
197.0
57.8
245.2
SC Fairfield
8,319
8,319
100%
3.7
3.7
100%
3.7
0.0
3.4
SC Georgetown
42,216
42,216
100%
201.9
87.4
43%
74.3
60.0
43.1
SC Greenville
389,446
389,446
100%
139.3
85.2
61%
85.2
0.0
120.5
SC Greenwood
46,374
46,374
100%
218.1
122.8
56%
114.5
112.6
61.5
SCHorry
145,469
145,469
100%
61.7
4.9
8%
2.3
4.0
10.9
SC Kershaw
33,492
33,492
100%
439.9
251.8
57%
247.8
144.2
219.8
SC Lancaster
2,525
2,525
100%
270.7
138.1
51%
135.8
56.2
168.7
SC Laurens
24,277
24,277
100%
269.9
146.0
54%
144.5
4.9
255.0
SC Lexington
38,061
38,061
100%
385.6
187.7
49%
183.0
38.8
222.9
SC Marion
10,987
10,987
100%
62.5
24.0
38%
24.0
12.3
38.2
SC Marlboro
2,038
2,038
100%
158.0
90.2
57%
90.2
24.0
104.6
SC Newberry
13,043
13,043
100%
276.6
125.3
45%
125.3
9.1
254.7
SC Oconee
53,417
53,417
100%
124.2
74.8
60%
74.3
55.6
62.7

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
SC Orangeburg
53,628
53,628
100%
86.4
35.1
41%
33.6
17.1
65.1
SC Pickens
43,151
43,151
100%
287.9
158.8
55%
158.8
4.9
268.2
SC Richland
301,500
301,500
100%
397.3
194.5
49%
189.8
36.2
238.5
SC Spartanburg
177,851
177,851
100%
116.9
58.2
50%
56.9
16.3
80.1
SC Union
13,217
13,217
100%
278.9
141.7
51%
141.7
0.0
234.8
SC York
74,611
74,611
100%
237.1
110.8
47%
110.1
4.9
151.8
SD Aurora
2,300
2,300
100%
298.7
175.5
59%
110.1
154.4
34.0
SD BonHomme
12,332
12,332
100%
51.7
33.4
65%
26.9
29.7
12.1
SD Brown
24,658
24,658
100%
37.5
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
37.5
SD Brule
2,338
2,338
100%
301.0
174.7
58%
106.2
154.5
39.0
SD Buffalo
25
25
100%
1.9
1.9
100%
1.9
1.8
0.0
SD CharlesMix
4,238
4,238
100%
13.4
13.4
99.80%
13.4
11.0
0.0
SD Codington
20,237
20,237
100%
26.5
4.8
18%
0.0
4.8
21.6
SD Custer
400
400
100%
1.2
1.2
100%
1.2
1.2
0.0
SD Dewey
2,875
2,875
100%
38.8
25.5
66%
24.3
20.4
10.3
SD Hughes
8,868
8,868
100%
238.9
95.1
40%
68.3
63.8
0.0
SD Lawrence
0
0
0%
92.4
65.9
71%
51.6
58.6
20.9
SD Lyman
390
390
100%
8.4
8.4
100%
8.4
7.4
0.0
SD Meade
7,500
7,500
100%
74.0
51.3
69%
35.3
50.4
22.5
SD Minnehaha
134,000
134,000
100%
68.7
33.7
49%
23.2
33.7
35.0
SD Pennington
57,983
57,983
100%
123.6
96.2
78%
61.5
90.1
32.7
SD Walworth
17,574
17,574
100%
525.7
334.9
64%
265.4
291.3
6.4
SD Yankton
13,703
13,703
100%
534.7
399.6
75%
287.7
365.4
44.5
TN Anderson
66,895
66,895
100%
389.8
187.6
48%
187.6
0.0
234.0
TN Bedford
44,025
44,025
100%
228.7
112.8
49%
112.8
0.0
217.3
TN Benton
9,648
9,648
100%
838.7
472.6
56%
472.6
0.0
676.0
TN Bledsoe
1,000
1,000
100%
88.4
51.8
59%
51.8
0.0
86.7
TN Blount
93,183
93,183
100%
399.5
260.4
65%
260.4
0.0
396.5
TN Bradley
74,495
74,495
100%
391.1
207.6
53%
207.6
0.0
326.6
TN Campbell
36,663
36,663
100%
73.4
26.3
36%
26.3
5.8
49.7
TN Cannon
8,612
8,612
100%
74.6
53.0
71%
51.5
36.5
37.9
TN Carter
3,683
3,584
97%
8.5
2.8
33%
2.8
0.0
7.4
TN Cheatham
32,262
32,262
100%
305.7
173.2
57%
169.6
55.2
246.0
TN Claiborne
21,599
21,599
100%
108.6
51.1
47%
45.4
39.7
67.4
TNClay
9,020
9,020
100%
366.3
225.1
61%
224.2
64.9
200.4
TN Cocke
24,835
24,705
99.48%
4.2
2.8
68%
2.8
0.0
4.1
TN Coffee
2,925
2,925
100%
38.5
24.9
65%
24.9
0.0
28.2
TN Cumberland
45,625
45,625
100%
23.3
16.0
69%
16.0
0.0
18.7
TN Davidson
515,483
515,483
100%
718.9
391.7
54%
378.6
167.7
394.6
TN Decatur
7,039
7,039
100%
216.6
139.3
64%
139.1
0.8
186.3
TN DeKalb
5,737
5,737
100%
168.5
87.5
52%
87.5
0.0
119.6
TN Dickson
46,535
46,535
100%
615.0
366.7
60%
360.3
119.2
422.0
TN Fentress
3,621
3,621
100%
19.8
15.3
77%
15.3
0.0
18.9
TN Franklin
23,435
23,435
100%
143.7
70.5
49%
70.5
0.0
109.7
TN Giles
9,823
9,823
100%
240.1
144.8
60%
144.8
0.0
238.9
TN Greene
28,020
28,020
100%
434.3
270.5
62%
270.5
0.0
417.0
TNGrundy
14,877
14,877
100%
7.2
7.1
99.84%
7.1
0.0
5.2
TN Flamblen
30,877
30,877
100%
20.8
9.0
44%
9.0
0.0
19.7
TN Flamilton
233,820
233,820
100%
528.0
293.6
56%
293.6
0.0
355.8
TN Flancock
2,156
2,156
100%
193.2
129.5
67%
125.6
54.0
115.5
TN Flardin
6,146
6,146
100%
5.1
3.3
64%
3.3
0.0
1.9
TN Flawkins
23,102
23,102
100%
263.7
141.7
54%
141.7
0.0
225.8
TN Flenderson
22,963
22,963
100%
22.1
13.7
62%
13.7
0.0
15.4

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
TN Henry
25
25
100%
1.0
1.0
100%
1.0
1.0
0.0
TN Hickman
20,230
20,230
100%
533.0
317.4
60%
317.4
0.0
532.4
TN Houston
6,666
6,666
100%
133.4
81.9
61%
78.6
40.4
87.0
TN Humphreys
9,650
9,650
100%
986.9
574.2
58%
574.2
0.0
823.1
TN Jackson
1,537
1,537
100%
12.6
9.9
78%
9.9
4.9
7.0
TN Jefferson
8,664
8,664
100%
6.4
6.3
98%
6.3
0.0
6.3
TN Johnson
10,401
10,401
100%
87.4
66.2
76%
66.2
6.5
80.9
TN Knox
433,345
433,345
100%
719.9
371.5
52%
371.5
0.0
582.1
TN Lawrence
18,374
18,374
100%
76.9
49.6
65%
49.6
0.0
76.0
TN Lincoln
11,324
11,324
100%
190.2
111.5
59%
111.5
0.0
188.9
TN Loudon
30,502
30,502
100%
448.7
225.7
50%
225.7
0.0
271.6
TN Macon
14,657
14,657
100%
188.9
107.3
57%
106.6
62.8
126.2
TN Marion
22,116
22,116
100%
792.3
467.7
59%
467.7
0.5
723.9
TN Marshall
17,211
17,211
100%
153.1
62.3
41%
62.3
0.0
127.1
TN Maury
82,560
82,560
100%
311.4
133.5
43%
133.5
0.0
254.9
TN McMinn
15,865
15,865
100%
646.8
361.5
56%
361.5
0.0
553.0
TN Monroe
19,862
19,862
100%
417.3
230.0
55%
230.0
0.0
330.3
TN Montgomery
190,298
190,298
100%
887.2
575.2
65%
536.2
206.3
596.4
TN Moore
4,817
4,817
100%
14.0
8.5
61%
8.5
0.0
8.4
TN Morgan
5,779
5,779
100%
80.6
49.5
61%
49.5
0.0
80.6
TN Overton
12,937
12,937
100%
54.9
34.9
64%
34.9
0.0
54.0
TN Perry
7,624
7,624
100%
247.5
134.6
54%
134.6
0.0
247.0
TN Pickett
4,893
4,893
100%
68.2
29.4
43%
29.3
7.2
32.1
TN Polk
3,552
3,247
91%
4.2
2.8
68%
2.8
0.0
2.3
TN Putnam
37,380
37,380
100%
46.8
29.4
63%
29.4
1.1
39.5
TN Rhea
22,607
22,607
100%
596.8
332.1
56%
332.1
0.0
477.7
TN Roane
41,452
41,452
100%
831.7
456.6
55%
456.6
0.0
671.8
TN Robertson
40,321
40,321
100%
127.1
35.7
28%
35.5
0.4
126.7
TN Rutherford
296,699
296,699
100%
281.4
114.7
41%
105.3
47.1
210.8
TN Scott
22,932
22,932
100%
160.7
92.0
57%
91.2
4.2
155.7
TN Sequatchie
6,192
6,192
100%
170.7
102.5
60%
102.5
0.0
170.7
TN Sevier
51,081
51,081
100%
414.1
266.3
64%
266.3
0.0
406.4
TN Smith
10,029
10,029
100%
250.2
139.7
56%
132.6
79.6
124.7
TN Stewart
7,749
7,749
100%
512.6
310.5
61%
292.1
171.1
253.1
TN Sullivan
132,816
132,816
100%
597.8
343.2
57%
343.2
28.4
453.4
TN Sumner
171,018
171,018
100%
541.2
287.2
53%
285.7
32.9
387.2
TN Trousdale
7,793
7,793
100%
330.4
177.2
54%
177.2
22.9
254.8
TN Unicoi
225
175
78%
2.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.3
TN Union
7,598
7,598
100%
8.5
6.2
74%
6.2
0.0
8.5
TN VanBuren
4,841
4,841
100%
243.8
123.0
50%
123.0
0.0
237.1
TN Warren
53,421
53,421
100%
343.1
190.9
56%
190.9
5.4
336.4
TN Washington
111,531
111,531
100%
797.5
502.5
63%
502.5
0.0
729.2
TN Wayne
6,520
6,520
100%
647.7
360.5
56%
360.5
0.1
574.6
TN White
12,462
12,462
100%
69.4
33.2
48%
33.2
0.0
68.3
TN Williamson
52,098
52,098
100%
118.6
64.9
55%
64.9
0.0
118.1
TN Wilson
75,320
75,320
100%
584.4
318.9
55%
317.7
13.8
441.8
TX Anderson
18,260
18,260
100%
124.6
59.3
48%
53.2
35.1
87.3
TX Archer
3,550
3,550
100%
156.3
132.8
85%
94.8
127.8
3.9
TX Bandera
1,777
1,777
100%
137.6
100.3
73%
72.1
99.0
29.5
TX Bee
18,585
18,585
100%
169.6
133.1
78%
87.2
130.2
24.2
TX Bell
59,702
59,702
100%
197.3
104.5
53%
96.8
81.7
48.8
TX Bexar
113,280
113,280
100%
119.4
79.6
67%
51.9
78.2
30.0
TX Blanco
3,258
3,258
100%
231.3
157.0
68%
145.4
143.7
57.1

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
TX Bosque
3,640
3,640
100%
84.1
27.2
32%
27.2
17.1
66.3
TX Bowie
39,397
39,397
100%
19.6
14.8
76%
14.8
0.9
12.4
TX Brazoria
700
700
100%
6.9
2.8
40%
2.8
2.8
0.0
TX Brewster
100
100
100%
466.5
416.4
89%
287.1
416.4
49.9
TX Briscoe
26
26
100%
64.9
42.4
65%
15.7
39.2
15.0
TX Brown
4,705
4,705
100%
242.0
197.8
82%
138.2
184.9
25.0
TX Burnet
23,768
17,228
72%
560.7
361.3
64%
340.8
305.0
150.0
TX Caldwell
12
12
100%
122.4
89.7
73%
57.2
89.7
32.7
TX Calhoun
3,684
933
25%
45.5
13.9
30%
3.6
13.8
0.5
TX Callahan
1,620
1,620
100%
17.9
16.6
93%
12.8
16.2
0.0
TX Cameron
338,464
319,468
94%
1,513.1
134.6
9%
59.1
78.8
142.9
TX Chambers
14,382
14,382
100%
45.3
29.3
65%
24.7
12.2
9.1
TX Cherokee
14,502
14,502
100%
22.0
16.0
73%
13.6
12.1
6.4
TXClay
5,929
5,929
100%
175.4
137.9
79%
79.2
126.2
17.1
TX Coke
2,247
2,247
100%
413.8
355.8
86%
247.6
341.2
9.3
TX Coleman
6,208
6,208
100%
255.9
217.4
85%
148.2
205.7
10.8
TX Collin
216
216
100%
164.7
83.4
51%
78.0
56.3
59.1
TX Comal
78,506
78,506
100%
278.3
198.7
71%
178.4
180.9
67.8
TX Comanche
2,316
2,316
100%
161.6
90.4
56%
79.4
70.2
72.1
TX Concho
325
325
100%
227.7
165.7
73%
77.9
163.7
44.3
TX Cooke
16,250
16,250
100%
46.1
32.9
71%
31.7
26.4
15.0
TXCoryell
7,300
7,300
100%
6.2
4.0
64%
4.0
2.3
0.0
TXCrosby
560
560
100%
170.8
135.9
80%
85.9
132.1
18.2
TX Dallas
1,280,500
1,280,500
100%
395.3
208.8
53%
178.8
109.3
160.5
TX Delta
2,229
2,229
100%
9.7
9.7
100%
9.7
9.7
0.0
TX Denton
210,980
210,980
100%
79.3
56.0
71%
50.3
48.1
17.6
TX Eastland
3,797
3,797
100%
15.3
14.0
91%
14.0
10.3
0.0
TX Ector
100,719
100,719
100%
275.9
222.1
81%
138.2
218.0
16.0
TX Ellis
60,733
60,733
100%
166.4
117.5
71%
97.6
84.5
63.4
TX ElPaso
634,170
634,170
100%
849.0
425.5
50%
78.7
425.4
30.2
TX Falls
6,200
6,200
100%
26.9
24.4
91%
17.2
24.4
0.0
TX Fannin
10,556
10,556
100%
11.3
10.3
91%
10.3
5.2
4.7
TX Franklin
15,397
15,397
100%
50.0
29.3
59%
28.7
15.6
22.1
TX Freestone
1,081
1,081
100%
3.8
3.8
100%
3.8
3.5
0.0
TX Gonzales
15,932
15,932
100%
150.0
87.1
58%
79.3
81.9
62.0
TXGray
17,788
17,788
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Grayson
67,129
29,082
43%
257.9
138.7
54%
132.0
95.0
7.8
TXGregg
102,433
102,433
100%
255.1
130.3
51%
125.4
14.4
216.4
TX Guadalupe
43,668
43,668
100%
95.4
64.8
68%
49.0
64.6
17.0
TX Hale
25,125
25,125
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Flamilton
3,674
3,674
100%
301.5
181.5
60%
168.6
149.5
130.6
TX Harris
2,713,044
2,708,400
99.83%
290.3
110.1
38%
84.6
81.5
76.6
TX Harrison
24,125
24,125
100%
13.5
7.8
58%
7.8
0.0
6.5
TX Haskell
100
100
100%
9.8
9.8
100%
9.8
7.0
0.0
TX Hays
50,307
50,307
100%
137.8
91.0
66%
70.7
90.9
42.3
TX Henderson
56,330
56,330
100%
206.5
114.8
56%
95.2
95.6
45.8
TX Hidalgo
595,566
580,566
97%
1,073.4
109.8
10%
40.4
95.5
6.9
TX Hood
11,181
11,181
100%
255.9
161.5
63%
139.6
141.8
66.1
TX Hopkins
15,500
15,500
100%
47.1
38.4
82%
37.7
38.1
6.5
TX Howard
25,233
25,233
100%
235.1
200.1
85%
124.4
196.0
16.0
TX Hunt
66,268
66,268
100%
264.8
196.5
74%
133.1
185.9
18.5
TX Hutchinson
14,203
14,203
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Jack
5,073
5,073
100%
25.8
24.3
94%
18.8
22.9
0.0

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
TX Jefferson
235,805
235,805
100%
505.2
218.0
43%
152.0
175.8
108.7
TX JimWells
19,744
19,744
100%
59.8
55.2
92%
22.9
54.6
0.0
TX Johnson
31,928
31,928
100%
62.0
51.3
83%
49.2
48.0
7.6
TX Jones
8,408
8,408
100%
74.3
54.1
73%
37.4
48.9
0.0
TX Kaufman
31,000
31,000
100%
166.0
109.1
66%
83.4
97.1
33.0
TX Kendall
11,667
11,667
100%
108.7
72.3
67%
63.2
69.0
38.0
TX Kerr
22,402
22,402
100%
192.5
138.6
72%
111.5
135.4
43.7
TX Kimble
2,645
2,645
100%
147.1
111.7
76%
88.6
107.9
35.8
TX Knox
189
189
100%
91.2
84.9
93%
49.3
82.7
0.0
TX Lamar
26,136
26,136
100%
123.8
87.6
71%
67.5
80.7
21.5
TX Lampasas
2,949
2,949
100%
250.1
177.4
71%
135.4
167.4
75.4
TX Limestone
6,394
6,394
100%
248.2
185.4
75%
145.2
139.3
92.9
TX LiveOak
2,570
2,570
100%
242.3
173.6
72%
137.4
156.5
34.2
TX Llano
20,350
20,350
100%
865.7
626.5
72%
522.4
574.7
180.4
TX Lubbock
212,365
212,365
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Martin
2,265
2,265
100%
235.1
200.1
85%
124.4
196.0
16.0
TX Maverick
36,447
36,447
100%
259.3
74.5
29%
54.5
62.0
52.5
TX McLennan
124,004
124,004
100%
318.8
180.1
56%
173.4
154.3
103.6
TX McMullen
632
632
100%
213.2
161.2
76%
128.9
150.3
27.8
TX Midland
100,387
100,387
100%
235.1
200.1
85%
124.4
196.0
16.0
TX Milam
6,624
6,624
100%
185.1
114.8
62%
90.7
106.5
69.0
TX Mills
2,219
2,219
100%
258.1
185.5
72%
126.2
184.1
72.3
TX Montague
8,618
8,618
100%
171.6
153.8
90%
112.8
148.7
7.5
TX Nacogdoches
31,135
31,135
100%
54.5
33.4
61%
33.4
7.8
37.1
TX Navarro
29,331
29,331
100%
188.8
135.9
72%
104.9
126.2
41.4
TX Nueces
291,621
291,621
100%
221.3
100.7
46%
80.1
86.9
76.9
TX Orange
2,983
2,983
100%
38.7
19.2
50%
17.2
16.5
15.5
TX PaloPinto
24,642
24,642
100%
376.0
260.2
69%
201.1
241.6
49.3
TX Panola
6,604
6,604
100%
80.1
55.7
70%
55.7
5.5
62.0
TX Parker
45,998
19,492
42%
136.4
93.3
68%
69.6
87.1
20.1
TX Potter
187,609
187,609
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Rains
4,630
4,630
100%
39.8
31.7
80%
24.4
30.5
0.0
TX Randall
1,300
1,300
100%
8.5
2.7
32%
2.6
2.7
0.0
TX Real
1,377
1,377
100%
237.3
162.5
69%
141.2
151.8
84.3
TX RedRiver
3,530
3,530
100%
1.0
1.0
100%
1.0
0.0
0.0
TX Reeves
127
127
100%
40.7
40.1
98%
26.1
40.1
0.0
TX Runnels
7,123
7,123
100%
101.8
86.2
85%
60.9
86.0
11.3
TX Rusk
11,684
11,684
100%
66.1
22.8
34%
22.7
0.1
64.3
TX Sabine
2,979
2,979
100%
286.7
150.8
53%
150.8
26.4
115.9
TX SanAugustine
2,475
2,475
100%
0.7
0.7
100%
0.7
0.0
0.7
TX SanJacinto
409
409
100%
389.4
215.0
55%
204.6
150.8
137.5
TX SanPatricio
6,009
6,009
100%
285.9
202.3
71%
154.6
174.2
54.0
TXScurry
10,567
10,567
100%
1.8
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
TX Shackelford
2,200
2,200
100%
100.9
79.5
79%
60.2
75.0
0.0
TXShelby
11,514
11,514
100%
234.2
124.0
53%
120.5
47.0
125.6
TX Smith
96,981
96,981
100%
173.1
100.9
58%
97.8
69.0
58.5
TX Starr
45,926
45,926
100%
438.9
296.9
68%
172.8
279.4
1.0
TX Stephens
5,868
5,868
100%
64.7
46.1
71%
29.3
42.5
0.0
TX Tarrant
1,213,202
1,213,202
100%
722.9
407.8
56%
352.3
296.5
294.1
TX Taylor
117,312
117,312
100%
469.1
367.3
78%
264.3
357.0
60.3
TX Throckmorton
905
905
100%
10.2
8.7
85%
8.6
8.7
0.0
TX Titus
15,090
15,090
100%
115.7
67.5
58%
66.4
47.6
35.3
TX TomGreen
87,500
87,500
100%
221.6
147.3
66%
109.1
143.2
21.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
TX Travis
864,207
864,207
100%
490.6
301.0
61%
266.1
270.7
79.7
TX Trinity
2,502
2,502
100%
149.6
91.8
61%
85.0
61.1
68.0
TX Upshur
300
300
100%
82.3
43.4
53%
43.4
4.8
75.2
TX VanZandt
21,617
17,204
80%
16.7
12.7
76%
12.7
4.1
4.7
TX Victoria
62,169
62,169
100%
55.6
21.0
38%
12.0
21.0
33.1
TX Washington
13,507
13,507
100%
156.1
101.6
65%
87.9
87.9
38.8
TX Webb
206,455
206,455
100%
500.6
394.5
79%
272.0
385.5
8.2
TX Wichita
111,760
111,760
100%
247.3
172.9
70%
121.7
156.1
20.2
TXWillacy
11,530
11,530
100%
805.3
54.9
7%
0.0
54.9
2.4
TX Williamson
184,976
184,976
100%
142.9
106.0
74%
86.9
104.6
24.1
TX Wise
18,384
18,384
100%
170.8
128.9
75%
81.1
124.7
10.3
TX Wood
6,319
6,319
100%
191.9
93.8
49%
87.5
65.0
27.7
TX Young
12,296
12,296
100%
194.0
161.3
83%
112.3
157.7
7.9
TX Zapata
11,930
11,930
100%
256.8
172.2
67%
111.0
163.8
1.5
UT Beaver
4,020
4,020
100%
14.6
9.8
67%
9.8
5.5
8.5
UT BoxElder
49,980
49,980
100%
202.7
96.3
48%
20.3
89.4
75.6
UT Cache
92,485
86,287
93%
125.7
49.3
39%
21.1
41.4
53.8
UT Carbon
18,889
18,889
100%
239.4
156.0
65%
150.5
112.9
117.2
UT Daggett
210
210
100%
315.4
185.9
59%
171.1
124.0
100.7
UT Davis
59,153
59,153
100%
220.4
97.0
44%
9.2
95.4
44.8
UT Duchesne
3,430
3,230
94%
34.8
23.5
68%
18.3
22.4
6.8
UT Emery
7,728
7,656
99%
997.8
747.9
75%
593.8
631.7
255.9
UT Garfield
4,314
4,314
100%
28.8
18.3
64%
12.2
00
00
19.2
UT Grand
4,935
4,935
100%
464.0
344.9
74%
213.2
340.8
51.7
UT Iron
26,373
24,448
93%
43.5
19.2
44%
8.9
16.1
19.1
UT Juab
7,866
7,866
100%
43.6
26.1
60%
10.7
23.8
14.7
UT Kane
5,005
5,005
100%
18.2
15.5
85%
9.6
15.5
2.7
UT Millard
4,860
4,860
100%
22.8
19.4
85%
9.2
19.4
3.0
UT Morgan
4,109
4,109
100%
14.9
10.5
71%
8.4
8.6
6.2
UT Piute
1,272
1,272
100%
13.0
12.5
96%
10.7
12.5
0.5
UT Rich
1,197
709
59%
10.1
9.8
97%
8.2
9.8
0.4
UT SaltLake
491,043
489,858
99.76%
522.6
323.1
62%
262.3
227.5
216.4
UT SanJuan
5,312
5,312
100%
420.7
331.2
79%
226.4
315.0
16.5
UT Sanpete
15,499
15,499
100%
91.9
44.6
49%
29.9
20.2
46.9
UT Sevier
14,274
6,718
47%
42.4
30.6
72%
28.4
22.3
16.1
UT Summit
33,813
32,062
95%
342.7
215.8
63%
201.2
105.0
209.3
UT Tooele
32,680
32,680
100%
205.6
148.4
72%
24.1
124.4
18.7
UT Uintah
10,169
10,169
100%
1,195.2
947.2
79%
678.7
893.1
175.6
UT Utah
414,308
383,624
93%
449.9
254.9
57%
219.1
169.8
208.4
UT Wasatch
26,417
14,533
55%
111.1
63.1
57%
57.9
23.9
65.9
UT Washington
26,687
26,557
99.51%
240.2
161.8
67%
125.8
157.5
81.5
UT Wayne
1,561
1,561
100%
42.6
27.8
65%
17.8
21.2
13.2
UT Weber
123,111
122,934
99.86%
647.2
378.8
59%
238.0
318.1
184.6
VA Albemarle
150
150
100%
320.8
169.3
53%
168.7
71.1
227.4
VA Alleghany
1,867
92
5%
4.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
4.3
VA Amherst
18,414
18,414
100%
200.2
125.9
63%
123.5
83.7
112.9
VA Augusta
24,410
22,258
91%
3.9
2.8
74%
2.8
0.6
3.0
VA Bath
1,887
1,887
100%
5.5
3.5
63%
3.5
0.1
5.4
VA Bedford
1,648
1,648
100%
107.0
58.5
55%
55.7
35.3
33.2
VA Bland
750
750
100%
146.3
93.2
64%
92.5
63.0
83.2
VA Botetourt
332
332
100%
1.4
1.4
100%
1.4
1.4
0.0
VA Brunswick
4,806
4,806
100%
164.4
77.0
47%
74.2
43.9
119.7
VA Buckingham
5,763
5,763
100%
10.8
6.6
62%
6.6
3.6
5.8

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
VA Campbell
25,350
25,350
100%
422.0
237.8
56%
236.4
116.1
270.0
VA Caroline
3,370
3,370
100%
10.6
7.6
71%
7.3
1.1
5.2
VA Carroll
2,849
2,849
100%
28.6
18.2
64%
18.2
7.3
21.3
VA Charlotte
2,775
2,775
100%
4.0
3.7
94%
3.6
3.7
0.0
VA Chesterfield
281,989
281,989
100%
264.5
162.3
61%
159.4
85.0
140.4
VA Clarke
3,015
3,015
100%
191.9
103.6
54%
00
00
58.0
95.7
VACraig
200
200
100%
1.2
0.7
54%
0.0
0.6
0.6
VA Culpeper
14,200
14,200
100%
27.8
20.1
72%
20.1
5.2
17.4
VA Dickenson
0
0
0%
116.7
73.4
63%
65.1
71.5
25.0
VA Fairfax
823,216
823,216
100%
732.2
407.6
56%
404.4
219.4
394.3
VA Fauquier
11,160
11,160
100%
16.2
12.0
74%
12.0
1.7
12.4
VAFloyd
100
100
100%
2.7
2.7
99.65%
2.7
0.0
2.7
VA Fluvanna
12,383
12,383
100%
250.3
156.2
62%
154.4
75.7
160.5
VA Franklin
6,039
6,039
100%
84.0
44.9
53%
38.8
43.0
40.8
VA Frederick
34,559
34,559
100%
8.7
8.7
100%
6.5
2.1
6.3
VA Gloucester
9,280
9,280
100%
2.1
2.1
99.60%
2.1
1.2
0.9
VA Goochland
8,073
8,073
100%
358.3
200.3
56%
194.2
127.1
180.8
VA Grayson
694
694
100%
5.1
5.1
100%
5.1
2.5
2.6
VA Greene
6,793
6,793
100%
107.5
68.8
64%
68.5
26.1
81.0
VA Greensville
7,190
7,190
100%
115.7
56.6
49%
56.6
25.5
89.2
VA Flalifax
11,115
11,115
100%
523.7
301.9
58%
299.5
180.9
294.7
VA Flanover
71,000
71,000
100%
137.3
81.6
59%
80.6
55.0
79.0
VA Flenrico
289,000
289,000
100%
441.0
259.4
59%
249.7
147.1
225.0
VA Flenry
24,698
24,698
100%
74.6
23.1
31%
23.1
4.2
43.2
VA Lee
5,643
5,643
100%
60.2
34.0
56%
34.0
3.4
56.8
VA Loudoun
43,300
43,300
100%
501.4
283.0
56%
280.1
135.6
272.3
VA Louisa
5,177
5,177
100%
18.7
13.7
74%
13.7
3.9
14.5
VA Lunenburg
3,300
3,300
100%
109.2
67.3
62%
67.3
19.1
87.1
VA Madison
778
778
100%
12.2
6.9
57%
6.9
4.2
7.3
VA Mecklenburg
1,605
1,605
100%
279.9
120.3
43%
118.7
39.0
97.1
VA Montgomery
9,680
9,680
100%
190.8
104.1
55%
95.2
82.5
59.3
VA Nelson
9,695
9,695
100%
22.3
17.0
76%
15.9
13.5
7.2
VA Nottoway
7,370
7,370
100%
163.6
83.8
51%
83.6
36.6
115.2
VA Orange
15,831
15,831
100%
256.5
139.1
54%
138.7
63.5
190.3
VA Page
5,255
5,255
100%
39.7
33.3
84%
33.3
1.4
38.3
VA Patrick
1,500
1,500
100%
18.1
12.1
67%
12.1
2.5
15.6
VA Pittsylvania
5,000
5,000
100%
36.3
21.2
59%
21.2
4.1
27.8
VA PrinceEdward
7,011
7,011
100%
74.8
36.6
49%
36.6
17.4
56.1
VA PrinceWilliam
14,525
14,525
100%
21.9
16.9
77%
16.9
2.5
18.0
VA Pulaski
19,156
19,156
100%
254.2
147.2
58%
137.6
115.6
90.8
VA Roanoke
155,000
155,000
100%
284.7
203.2
71%
188.5
176.0
101.8
VA Rockbridge
400
400
100%
230.9
146.3
63%
143.3
115.8
111.7
VA Rockingham
15,053
14,153
94%
402.9
224.3
56%
216.2
65.1
331.8
VA Russell
3,458
3,458
100%
102.5
69.2
67%
00
00
37.9
64.2
VA Scott
9,950
9,950
100%
77.5
39.2
51%
39.2
0.0
77.5
VA Shenandoah
8,876
8,792
99%
143.8
65.3
45%
61.0
9.2
133.6
VA Smyth
14,776
14,776
100%
196.2
131.4
67%
130.6
80.0
116.2
VA Spotsylvania
79,316
79,316
100%
265.6
147.1
55%
147.1
31.2
208.9
VA Stafford
93,669
93,669
100%
90.5
58.9
65%
57.5
23.2
61.9
VA Tazewell
14,530
14,530
100%
299.8
165.8
55%
147.6
87.0
211.8
VA Warren
14,047
14,047
100%
89.4
44.9
50%
44.9
3.8
53.9
VA Washington
49,612
49,612
100%
121.3
66.4
55%
65.7
39.8
78.8
VAJWise
34,615
34,615
100%
226.9
131.9
58%
128.7
20.1
173.9

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
VA Wythe
12,417
12,417
100%
430.1
218.1
51%
216.1
118.9
278.1
VT Addison
9,230
9,230
100%
166.7
83.6
50%
83.6
0.0
103.4
VT Bennington
14,140
14,140
100%
17.1
13.3
78%
13.3
0.0
16.5
VT Caledonia
5,200
5,200
100%
279.0
140.4
50%
140.1
2.8
216.1
VT Chittenden
49,549
49,549
100%
93.4
44.4
48%
44.4
0.0
59.6
VT Essex
2,482
2,482
100%
6.3
6.3
100%
6.3
0.0
6.3
VT Franklin
15,744
15,744
100%
191.1
99.8
52%
99.8
0.0
143.3
VT Grandlsle
5,850
5,850
100%
589.9
255.7
43%
255.7
3.6
295.6
VT Lamoille
4,511
4,511
100%
14.8
12.4
84%
12.4
0.0
14.6
VT Orange
480
480
100%
216.0
109.8
51%
109.8
2.5
175.4
VT Orleans
2,030
2,030
100%
4.5
4.5
100%
4.5
0.0
3.5
VT Rutland
23,600
23,600
100%
19.5
14.2
73%
14.2
3.5
14.8
VT Washington
28,120
28,120
100%
43.9
32.5
74%
32.5
0.0
40.3
VT Windham
17,300
17,300
100%
4.3
3.2
76%
3.2
0.0
3.4
VT Windsor
2,990
2,990
100%
355.1
215.0
61%
215.0
33.2
307.2
WA Adams
250
250
100%
0.3
0.3
100%
0.0
0.3
0.0
WA Asotin
344
344
100%
0.7
0.0
2%
0.0
0.0
0.7
WA Benton
118,257
118,257
100%
1,526.1
521.9
34%
219.0
508.2
52.6
WA Chelan
20,699
20,597
99.51%
1,472.4
906.6
62%
808.2
483.3
792.0
WA Clallam
12,626
12,421
98%
165.4
107.2
65%
107.2
13.8
133.6
WA Clark
24,240
24,150
99.63%
9.8
5.1
52%
5.1
0.0
9.8
WA Columbia
661
532
80%
2.6
1.5
57%
1.5
1.5
1.1
WA Cowlitz
56,350
56,350
100%
476.8
273.2
57%
273.2
13.1
389.9
WA Ferry
277
277
100%
280.1
158.0
56%
137.5
67.5
209.8
WA Franklin
42,417
42,417
100%
1,334.4
367.4
28%
139.5
357.6
46.3
WA Garfield
1,520
1,520
100%
3.3
0.1
3%
0.1
0.0
3.3
WA Grant
3,659
2,610
71%
382.7
258.5
68%
233.0
209.4
63.6
WA GraysFlarbor
26,012
26,012
100%
33.1
24.1
73%
24.1
0.0
32.5
WA Jefferson
17,882
17,882
100%
89.2
51.9
58%
48.9
5.4
80.8
WAKing
734,110
669,877
91%
244.5
101.6
42%
101.6
12.5
184.7
WA Kitsap
53,794
50,978
95%
26.0
7.8
30%
7.8
0.0
10.1
WA Kittitas
6,430
4,479
70%
384.2
199.8
52%
194.6
56.8
284.9
WA Klickitat
12,846
11,164
87%
872.3
651.3
75%
360.9
626.4
108.3
WA Lewis
16,193
16,053
99%
817.7
467.0
57%
463.1
39.0
741.4
WA Lincoln
1,435
1,435
100%
7.1
0.2
3%
0.2
0.0
0.0
WA Mason
10,578
10,285
97%
24.8
5.0
20%
5.0
0.0
6.5
WA Okanogan
4,298
1,813
42%
386.6
228.1
59%
199.3
113.1
262.8
WA Pacific
20,850
20,850
100%
135.2
92.8
69%
92.8
2.7
128.7
WA PendOreille
2,132
2,092
98%
834.5
480.8
58%
428.5
259.6
456.1
WA Pierce
391,446
369,091
94%
407.2
216.7
53%
216.7
8.3
372.5
WA SanJuan
14,231
13,544
95%
114.1
15.2
13%
14.2
5.2
7.0
WASkagit
82,165
81,250
99%
181.9
81.1
45%
76.0
32.3
100.1
WA Skamania
8,452
8,240
91%
183.3
114.4
62%
102.4
75.0
82.5
WA Snohomish
174,023
167,883
96%
317.8
163.5
51%
160.5
12.8
248.0
WA Spokane
3,207
3,079
96%
91.3
69.6
76%
25.6
63.0
22.4
WA Stevens
6,743
6,743
100%
934.9
533.6
57%
448.6
334.1
488.6
WA Thurston
55,523
55,154
99%
23.0
2.0
9%
2.0
0.0
14.9
WA Wahkiakum
1,950
1,950
100%
72.2
43.0
60%
43.0
1.1
71.1
WA WallaWalla
1,985
700
35%
1,661.3
655.8
39%
294.7
642.6
36.8
WA Whatcom
117,643
117,311
99.72%
461.9
206.1
45%
186.2
80.6
241.9
WA Yakima
65,262
65,243
99.97%
286.5
141.8
49%
96.0
124.6
118.8
WI Ashland
9,115
9,115
100%
3.5
3.5
99.82%
3.5
3.5
0.0
WI Brown
103,018
103,018
100%
2.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
WI Douglas
29,571
0
0%
0.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Kenosha
93,000
0
0%
1.0
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Manitowoc
47,854
13,354
28%
5.4
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Marinette
12,696
12,696
100%
5.3
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Milwaukee
754,384
67,095
9%
40.4
14.2
35%
14.2
7.8
13.4
WI Outagamie
72,000
72,000
100%
7.9
7.9
99.51%
6.6
3.3
0.0
WI Ozaukee
10,785
10,785
100%
2.9
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Racine
105,100
0
0%
0.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Sheboygan
51,709
0
0%
4.2
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
0.0
WI Waupaca
1,240
1,240
100%
0.5
0.5
100%
0.5
0.0
0.0
WI Winnebago
102,228
102,228
100%
438.5
235.6
54%
210.3
126.1
48.5
WV Barbour
5,812
5,812
100%
371.2
203.1
55%
201.7
127.6
220.7
WV Berkeley
43,094
43,094
100%
286.6
114.1
40%
111.8
26.9
181.5
WV Boone
1,317
1,317
100%
155.7
83.6
54%
83.6
45.1
110.5
WV Braxton
8,346
8,346
100%
340.9
187.6
55%
186.0
137.0
178.6
WV Brooke
29,271
29,271
100%
814.7
480.2
59%
442.4
338.6
392.6
WV Cabell
91,412
91,412
100%
737.8
379.7
51%
374.2
85.2
537.7
WV Calhoun
935
935
100%
259.5
139.6
54%
139.6
93.2
166.1
WVClay
2,060
2,060
100%
291.1
156.9
54%
156.3
70.8
184.1
WV Doddridge
1,448
1,448
100%
104.2
55.8
54%
55.8
34.1
70.1
WV Fayette
38,649
38,649
100%
717.4
420.5
59%
414.7
213.3
415.3
WV Gilmer
2,680
2,680
100%
174.4
94.2
54%
93.1
71.0
101.8
WV Grant
4,884
4,884
100%
171.3
104.0
61%
103.4
59.3
110.9
WV Greenbrier
15,149
15,149
100%
481.4
288.0
60%
256.7
226.0
198.5
WV Hampshire
1,935
1,935
100%
378.3
236.1
62%
231.7
155.4
189.8
WV Hancock
4,986
4,986
100%
1,026.7
610.3
59%
570.9
470.5
438.4
WVHardy
3,250
3,250
100%
424.1
261.5
62%
259.0
129.2
282.7
WV Harrison
27,050
27,050
100%
229.3
114.9
50%
114.9
41.3
150.0
WV Jackson
5,078
5,078
100%
59.9
24.9
42%
24.2
15.5
44.4
WV Jefferson
20,487
20,487
100%
385.7
196.1
51%
193.2
85.4
190.5
WV Kanawha
233,427
233,427
100%
1,238.6
704.2
57%
701.4
393.9
711.2
WV Lewis
13,615
13,615
100%
203.1
115.2
57%
114.3
78.3
119.1
WV Lincoln
6,857
6,857
100%
323.9
182.4
56%
182.0
96.9
200.2
WV Logan
28,334
28,334
100%
447.7
252.0
56%
248.8
164.7
224.9
WV Marion
38,248
38,248
100%
168.1
85.9
51%
85.9
32.5
99.4
WV Marshall
2,258
2,258
100%
6.0
6.0
100%
6.0
0.0
6.0
WV McDowell
1,317
872
66%
11.5
3.9
34%
3.4
1.9
9.6
WV Mercer
32,830
32,769
99.81%
111.5
61.5
55%
57.6
28.5
81.5
WV Mineral
6,119
6,119
100%
127.2
80.8
64%
79.8
1.6
120.2
WV Mingo
13,233
13,233
100%
761.7
422.9
56%
417.1
233.6
500.2
WV Monongalia
55,138
55,138
100%
257.5
127.2
49%
127.2
38.6
174.7
WV Monroe
5,692
5,692
100%
40.0
25.7
64%
25.7
18.5
21.3
WV Morgan
4,077
4,077
100%
487.0
273.8
56%
263.9
120.2
282.0
WV Nicholas
20,468
20,468
100%
359.4
220.0
61%
218.2
129.0
229.0
WV Ohio
31,169
31,169
100%
575.6
324.8
56%
308.0
178.9
333.2
WV Pendleton
2,786
2,786
100%
105.6
72.6
69%
72.6
21.6
82.2
WV Pocahontas
4,555
4,555
100%
256.7
155.3
61%
145.0
84.3
144.5
WV Preston
9,003
9,003
100%
179.3
111.5
62%
111.5
2.2
146.8
WV Putnam
29,962
29,962
100%
9.1
8.6
94%
8.6
3.9
4.5
WV Raleigh
50,500
50,500
100%
36.6
24.3
66%
23.2
15.0
13.8
WV Randolph
13,528
12,612
93%
322.6
199.9
62%
196.7
130.1
191.7
WV Roane
6,958
6,958
100%
79.2
48.4
61%
48.4
32.7
44.2
WV Summers
27,738
27,738
100%
505.6
274.2
54%
243.6
226.5
208.0

-------
Analysis of the Surface Drinking Water Provided By Intermittent, Ephemeral, and Headwater Streams in the U.S.
Completed by U.S. EPA in July 2009
State & County
Total Population
Served by Public
Drinking Water
Systems using
surface water
Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
% Population
Dependent on
Public Drinking
Water Systems
relying on I/E/H
Total stream
Miles in Source
Protection
Areas
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwater in
SPAs
% o f streams in
SPAs that are
Intermittent
/Ephemeral
/Headwaters
Miles of
Headwaters in
SPAs
Miles of
Intermittent
/Ephemeral in
SPAs
Miles of
Perennial
streams in
SPAs
WV Taylor
1,099
1,099
100%
247.3
137.9
56%
137.9
42.5
167.9
WV Tucker
6,299
6,249
99%
350.7
190.2
54%
190.2
53.9
286.9
WVTyler
3,150
3,150
100%
644.2
349.4
54%
347.3
78.0
498.2
WVUpshur
10,006
10,006
100%
214.8
123.3
57%
123.3
82.2
132.6
WV Wayne
17,813
17,813
100%
520.9
261.4
50%
261.4
129.1
323.1
WV Webster
4,241
4,241
100%
190.9
115.8
61%
115.4
84.9
105.6
WV Wetzel
735
735
100%
52.2
27.8
53%
27.8
10.3
41.9
WV Wood
7,887
7,887
100%
245.1
137.1
56%
137.1
46.1
160.6
WV Wyoming
10,896
7,318
67%
248.9
131.7
53%
128.6
70.5
178.1
WY Albany
28,265
28,265
100%
298.9
181.6
61%
178.9
36.4
237.7
WY BigHorn
1,690
190
11%
4.5
1.6
34%
1.5
1.6
3.0
WY Carbon
12,914
12,914
100%
940.1
562.1
60%
423.6
509.5
254.4
WY Converse
5,565
5,565
100%
646.2
369.3
57%
170.6
360.6
94.7
WY Fremont
17,153
17,128
99.85%
953.3
480.5
50%
324.8
388.9
236.6
WY HotSprings
3,247
3,247
100%
664.5
530.9
80%
360.3
519.1
30.2
WY Johnson
4,470
4,470
100%
61.0
39.3
64%
34.2
8.7
46.9
WY Laramie
58,182
58,182
100%
45.5
40.1
88%
40.1
1.0
39.3
WY Lincoln
9,731
9,511
98%
503.1
373.0
74%
264.5
351.6
102.5
WY Natrona
5,800
5,800
100%
551.8
278.1
50%
157.6
254.6
98.5
WY Park
10,690
10,585
99%
1,017.0
569.5
56%
533.2
273.7
581.4
WY Sheridan
17,392
17,392
100%
553.1
268.3
49%
250.3
84.2
372.3
WY Sublette
1,955
1,850
95%
62.3
26.9
43%
26.9
4.5
32.1
WY Sweetwater
5,891
5,828
99%
666.5
550.5
83%
381.4
542.7
47.1
WY Teton
9,157
7,877
86%
123.8
86.9
70%
83.9
13.9
103.8
WY Uinta
13,505
13,505
100%
316.4
200.5
63%
160.9
173.6
93.4
WY Washakie
50
50
100%
2.1
0.0
0%
0.0
0.0
2.1
WY Weston
55
55
100%
5.4
5.4
100%
2.4
5.4
0.0

-------