Environmental Crimes
Case Bulletin
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics and Training
Plea Agreements
Sentencings
Defendant Summary
Trials & Settlements
Indictments/
Informations
This bulletin summarizes publicized investigative activity and adjudicated cases
conducted by OCEFT Criminal investigation Division special agents, forensic specialists,
and legal support staff. To subscribe to this monthly bulletin you may sign up for
email alerts on our publications page. Unless otherwise noted, all photos are provided
by EPA-CID.
May 2019—July 2019
In This Edition:
Aleks Rakaj - Region 1
Gary Hallinan - Region 2
David M. Dunham Jr. - Region 3
Mohammad Sikder- Region 3
Forrest Sewer Pump Service, Inc - Region 3
Tracey Jordan Sellers - Region 4
Bonefish Holdings, LLC - Region 4
Carlos Conde - Region 4
Avin International LTD, Nicos I.V. Special Maritime
Enterprises- Region 6
Thomas S. Fritzel - Region 7
American Biodiesel, Inc. - Region 9
Wiley Sanders Truck Lines, Inc. - Region 9
Green Compass Environmental Solutions, LLC - Region 9
Hector M. Garza, Tammy L. Garza, HTG Trucking LLC, Freedom
Fuel Inc. - Region 10
Brannon Finney - Region 10
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA Pub. 310-N-15-007
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Defendant Summary
Region
Defendants
Case Type/Status
1
Aleks Rakaj
Plea Agreement
2
Gary Hallinan
Plea Agreement
3
David M. Dunham Jr.
Trial
3
Mohammad Sikder
Plea Agreement
3
Forrest Sewer Pump Service, Inc
Plea Agreement
4
Tracey Jordan Sellers
Plea Agreement
4
Bonefish Holdings, LLC
Sentencing
4
Carlos Conde
Sentencing
6
Avin International LTD
Nicos I.V. Special Maritime Enterprises
Sentencing
6
Avin International LTD
Nicos I.V. Special Maritime Enterprises
Sentencing
7
Thomas S. Fritzel
Trial
9
American Biodiesel, Inc.
Sentencing
9
Wiley Sanders Truck Lines, Inc.
Sentencing
9
Green Compass Environmental
Solutions, LLC
Plea Agreement
10
Hector M. Garza, Tammy L. Garza,
HTG Trucking LLC, Freedom Fuel Inc.
Plea Agreement
10
Brannon Finney
Sentencing
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EPA Bulletin: May—July 2019
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Sentencings
American Biodiesel Sentenced to Probation and Fines for Clean Water Act Violations
American Biodiesel, Inc. was sentenced on July 6, 2019, for violations of the Clean Water Act. American Bio-
diesel, Inc., registered in San Joaquin County as Community Fuels, manufactured biodiesel fuel on property
leased from the Port of Stockton.
According to court documents, American Biodiesel, Inc. admitted to allowing the discharge of industrial
wastewater into the City of Stockton sewer system in violation of Stockton permitting regulations and the
federal Clean Water Act. American Biodiesel, Inc. also admitted to tampering with monitoring devices and
methods designed to detect such violations. Specifically, employees tampered with pH recordings and flow
meters for the purpose of underreporting acid and pollutant levels and volumes that would have exceeded
the figures allowed under the City's regulations.
American Biodiesel was sentenced to three years' probation, including various reporting and monitoring con-
ditions and also fined $401,000 and ordered to pay restitution to the Port of Stockton and the City of Stock-
ton in the amount of $256,206. American Biodiesel was also ordered to develop and implement an effective
compliance and ethics program, which will be submitted to the court for review.
The indictment in the case also charges Christopher Young, 41, of El Dorado Hills, with conspiracy, 12 counts
of tampering with monitoring equipment, two counts of unlawful discharge of industrial wastewater, one
count of false statements, and one count of witness tampering. Christopher Young was the Director of Oper-
ations at the Stockton plant. The same indictment charges his brother Jeremiah Young, 38, of El Dorado, with
conspiracy, eight counts of tampering with monitoring equipment, and two counts of unlawful discharge of
industrial wastewater. Jeremiah Young was Assistant Operator for Community Fuels from 2014 to 2016. The
Youngs' cases remain pending before the court. The charges are only allegations; each defendant is pre-
sumed innocent until and unless proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
This case is the product of an investigation by the EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, San Joaquin County
District Attorney's Office, City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department, San Joaquin County Environmental
Health Department, Port of Stockton, and California Department of Toxic Substances Control. The case is be-
ing prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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Page 3 EPA Bulletin: May—July 2019
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Sentencings
Smyrna Georgia Chemical Plant Manager Sentenced for Polluting a Tributary of the Chatta-
hoochee River
Carlos Conde was sentenced on July 24, 2019, for violating the Clean Water Act by instructing employees at
the Apollo Industries chemical processing plant in Smyrna, Georgia, to wash carburetor fluid into a tributary
of the Chattahoochee River.
"We must ensure that citizens can continue to enjoy the beautiful natural resources we have here in Georgia
like the Chattahoochee," said U.S. Attorney Byung J. "BJay" Pak. "Protecting those resources, and the envi-
ronment, is part of our mission. We take this responsibility seriously, and we will prosecute those who have
no respect for the laws that preserve them for all to use and enjoy."
"The defendant in this case intentionally con-
taminated a tributary of the Chattahoochee
River, killing fish and damaging the environ-
ment," said Special Agent in Charge Andy Cas-
tro of EPA's Criminal Investigation Divi-
sion. "This sentencing demonstrates that EPA
and its law enforcement partners are com-
mitted to protecting our natural resources and
the communities that rely upon them."
According to U.S. Attorney Pak, the charges
and other information presented in court: on
the evening of August 12, 2.016, a batching
tank at the Apollo Industries chemical mixing
facility in Smyrna, Georgia, began leaking a
carburetor cleaner containing naphalene, a
toxic and hazardous chemical. The following morning, two workers discovered the spill and called Carlos
Conde, the plant manager.
Conde arrived at the plant and instructed the employees to wash the chemical away with water from multi-
ple hoses. The chemical was washed into a tributary of Nickajack Creek and the Chattahoochee River. Conde
then twice denied his role in interviews with a Special Agent of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agen-
cy. The carburetor cleaner turned the water milky white and opaque and killed the wildlife in the creek, in-
cluding fish and frogs.
Carlos Conde, 37, of Smyrna, Georgia, was sentenced by Chief U.S. District Judge Thomas W. Thrash, Jr., to 12
months' probation with the first four months to be served as home detention, a $2000 fine, and a $100 spe-
cial assessment. Conde was convicted on these charges on January 24, 2019, after he pleaded guilty.
This case was investigated by the EPA's Criminal Investigation Division and prosecuted by a DOJ litigation
team.
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EPA Bulletin: May—July 2019
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Sentencings
Alabama Trucking Company Ordered to Pay $3 Million for Illegally Transporting Hazardous
Materials from the Exide Battery Recycling Plant in Vernon, California
On June 11, 2019, Wiley Sanders Truck Lines, Inc., a Troy, Alabama based trucking company was ordered to
pay $3 million for illegally transporting more than 64 tons of hazardous, lead-contaminated plastic battery
chips from the now-closed Exide Technologies battery recycling facility in Vernon to a company in Bakers-
field.
The trucking company was ordered on June 11, 2019, to pay the money as part of a sentence that placed the
company on probation for three years.
United States District Judge Percy Anderson imposed the sentence, describing the company's conduct as "an
environmental disaster for Vernon and the surrounding area."
As part of the sentence, Judge Anderson ordered Wiley Sanders to pay a $1.5
million fine - the statutory maximum - and a $1.5 million community service
payment to the Exide Residential Assistance Fund established by the Los An-
geles County Department of Public Health to support residents affected by
lead contamination near the facility.
On February 25, the company pleaded guilty to three felony counts of illegal
transportation of hazardous materials.
1XM/J
At peak operation, Exide's facility received approximately 40,000 lead-acid
batteries per day, according to the government's sentencing memorandum.
During the battery recycling process at the facility, the batteries were
crushed, broken apart in a hammer mill, then separated into their primary
component streams - lead, acid and plastic. The lead and acid were dealt
with separately, while the plastic chips were rinsed with water in an attempt to remove lead and other mate-
rials. Wiley Sanders then transported the wet battery plastic chips - usually 40,000 pounds at a time - to a
facility in Bakersfield, where the chips were repurposed into resin-coated plastic pellets that could be used to
manufacture new batteries and other products.
Wiley Sanders specifically admitted in its plea agreement that, on three occasions between November 2013
and March 2014, it willfully and recklessly transported a total of 128,840 pounds (64.42 tons) of lead-
contaminated plastic chips from Vernon to Bakersfield. The company also admitted knowing that the trailers
it used to transport the battery plastic chips did not contain any lining or inner packing material to prevent
liquids and semi-solids from leaking through cracks and other openings in the trailers.
Because of its conduct, lead-contaminated residue leaked out of the trailers when Wiley Sanders drivers
transported the battery chips from Vernon to Bakersfield. Wiley Sanders truck drivers occasionally transport-
ed the semi-trailers on public roads before the plastic chips had dried, despite the fact that the lead-
contaminated chips and resulting lead-contaminated liquid residue would leak out of the trailers.
There is no known safe level of lead in human blood.
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Sentencings
In 2015, Exide Technologies reached an agreement with the United States government that called for the
battery manufacturing company to close its recycling facility in Vernon and pay an estimated $50 million to
clean-up the site and surrounding neighborhoods which have been affected by environmental toxins for dec-
ades.
The case was investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the U.S. Department of Transportation
and the Office of Inspector General. The California Department of Toxic Substances Control provided assis-
tance. The case is being prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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Sentencings
Real Estate Property Owner Sentenced after illegally Filling Federally Regulated Wetlands in
Florida Keys Following Hurricane Irma
On June 11, 2019, Bonefish Holdings, LLC pled guilty and was sentenced in connection with the illegal filling
of federally regulated wetlands without a federal permit following Hurricane Irma in 2017.
Bonefish Holdings, LLC ("Bonefish"), pled guilty to illegally discharging fill material, which is a pollutant, into
federally regulated wetlands without a permit issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers following Hurri-
cane Irma in 2017, in violation of the Clean Water Act. Following acceptance of the guilty plea, Bonefish was
sentenced to 3 years of probation, ordered to pay a $50,000 criminal fine, and ordered to fully restore the
impacted 3.73 acres of federal wetlands according to an approved Restoration Plan (estimated by the de-
fendant to cost approximately $189,000).
Court records and a joint factual statement indicate that
Bonefish owned five parcels of ocean-side land totaling ap-
proximately 7.41 acres, containing approximately 3.73 acres
of federally regulated wetlands in Upper Matecumbe Key,
Monroe County. Bonefish wanted to develop the site into a
luxury commercial property, however, due to the presence
of federally protected wetlands and the existing Village of
Islamorada's Comprehensive Plan and Land Development
Regulations, those plans were denied. The defendant
sought and received a Jurisdictional Determination in 2009,
reconfirmed in 2013, from the U.S. Army Corps of Engi-
neers, confirming the presence of the federally protected
wetlands and making clear that fill activity could only occur with the required permits. On September 10,
2017, Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys as a major Category 4 hurricane. The defendant hired laborers with
the intention, in addition to clearing storm debris, to clear and fill the site. The defendant's actions were de-
signed to intentionally take advantage of what it saw as an opportunity to remove significant additional vege-
tation and the filling of wetlands, in the hope of easing the path for future development of the site.
U.S. Attorney Ariana Fajardo Orshan stated, "The Clean Water Act serves to protect our wetlands and other
natural resources in South Florida. Wetlands, in addition to improving water quality, are important for flood
and storm protection. The illegal filling of designated wetlands violates the Act and exposes those who carry
out their destruction to federal prosecution. Compliance with these regulations ensures that we can all con-
tinue to enjoy the natural beauty and important benefits of these protected areas."
"Property owners can not engage in illegal conduct under the guise of hurricane response to further private
development goals and circumvent the regulatory process. Property owners may remove debris from their
land, but that does not allow them to go beyond cleanup and fill jurisdictional wetlands," said Andy Castro,
EPA-CID Special Agent in Charge. "Under this plea agreement the defendant will fully restore the high-quality
wetlands it illegally destroyed."
"Compliance and enforcement are an important component of the Corps' Regulatory program and helps to
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Sentencings
ensure the public's interest and our Nation's aquatic resources are protected, said Robert Halbert, USACE
Chief of Jacksonville District's enforcement section. "We take violations and unauthorized activities very seri-
ously."
"Today's result sends a strong message that our special agents take any and all allegations of criminal acts
very seriously," said Frank Robey, Director of the U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Command's, Major Pro-
curement Fraud Unit. "We work shoulderto shoulder with the Department of Justice and ourfellow law en-
forcement agencies to prevent these types of violations and will aggressively continue to do so."
The case was investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the
U.S. Army Criminal Investigative Command, Major Procurement Fraud. The case was prosecuted by a DOJ
litigation team.
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Page 8 EPA Bulletin: May—July 2019
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Sentencings
Captain of Fishing Vessel "Alaskan Girl" Sentenced for Unlawful Discharge of a Pollutant in-
to Sumner Strait
Cameraman for Reality TV Show Captured Footage of Unlawful Discharge of Sandblasting Waste into Ocean
Brannon Finney, 32, of Bellingham, Washington, was sentenced May 23, 2019 after pleading guilty to one
count of unlawful discharge of a pollutant, a violation of the Clean Water Act. The Court ordered Finney to
pay a fine of $8,000, pay an additional $2,000 to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation as a community
service payment; and perform 40 hours of community work service. Finney will be on probation for 18
months and is required to post a public apology.
According to court documents, Finney, as
captain of the F/V Alaskan Girl, caused the
crew to dump approximately 16,000 pounds
of sandblast waste into Sumner Strait. Spe-
cifically, on June 15, 2017, F/V Alaskan Girl
was in route from Wrangell to Petersburg,
Alaska with four bags, known as super sacks
or brailer bags, on board. Each bag weighed
approximately 4,000 pounds and contained
sandblast waste. The waste, generated
from the recent re-painting of the F/V Alas-
kan Girl, was a mixture of the copper slag
used to remove the paint from the vessel as
well as approximately 15 gallons of paint
chips removed in the sandblast pro-
cess. The waste - totaling eight tons - had been loaded onto the vessel at the direction of Finney.
Along with Finney and two crewmembers, a cameraman was also on board the F/V Alaskan Girl, filming for a
possible cable TV reality show. Video footage taken during the trip from Wrangell to Petersburg captured
one of the brailer bags hanging overboard the vessel while two crewmembers on board sliced through the
bag with a knife. Afterwards, black sandy waste spilled from the sliced bag into the water, while at least one
of the crew audibly cheered.
Once the vessel arrived in Petersburg, video footage showed an interaction between an Alaska Wildlife
Trooper and Finney. In the video, the Trooper informed Finney that he had received a complaint about the
vessel leaving the shipyard in Wrangell with sandblasting waste. When he asked where it went, Finney re-
plied, "We just dumped it." The investigation revealed that Finney unlawfully discharged the waste into
Sumner Strait with the goal of avoiding spending $1,460 to dispose of it properly.
"Maintaining the pristine waters of Alaska is important to all residents and visitors to our state, said U.S.
Attorney Schroder. "The quality of our waters is essential to Alaska's fishing fleet. Fishing is one of the most
important parts of our economy, and Alaska seafood is prized worldwide because of the quality of the
catch. Protecting our waters is vitally to our economy, as well as the environment."
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Sentencings
"Illegal discharges of pollution pose a serious threat to our oceans," said Jeanne Proctor, Special Agent in
Charge of EPA's criminal enforcement program in Alaska. "Today's sentencing demonstrates that EPA and its
partner agencies are committed to protecting the marine environment and pursuing those whose illegal acts
threaten our natural resources."
The case was investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, Alaska Wildlife Troopers, and the Alaska
Department of Law, Office of Special Prosecutions. The case was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorney Jonas
M. Walker.
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Sentencings
IAV GmbH Sentenced to Pay $35 Million Criminal Fine for its Role in Volkswagen AG Emis-
sions Fraud
IAV GmbH (IAV), a German company that engineers and designs automotive systems, was sentenced in fed-
eral court in Detroit on May 22, 2019 to pay a $35 million criminal penalty.
The penalty is the result of the company's guilty plea for its role in a long-running scheme for Volkswagen AG
(VW) to sell approximately 335,000 diesel vehicles in the U.S. by using a defeat device to cheat on U.S. emis-
sions tests mandated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources
Board (CARB). During the sentencing hearing, U.S. District Judge Sean F. Cox of the Eastern District of Michi-
gan accepted the parties' plea agreement, which includes the appointment of an independent corporate
compliance monitor for a period of two years.
Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General John P. Cronan of the Justice Department's Criminal Division,
U.S. Attorney Matthew J. Schneider of the Eastern District of Michigan, Deputy Assistant Attorney General
Jean E. Williams of the Justice Department's Environment and Natural Resources Division, Assistant Adminis-
trator Susan Bodine of the EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance and Special Agent in
Charge Timothy R. Slater of the FBI's Field Office made the announcement.
IAV pleaded guilty in December 2018 to participating in a conspiracy to defraud the United States and VW's
U.S. customers and to violate the Clean Air Act by misleading the EPA and U.S. customers about whether cer-
tain VW- and Audi-branded diesel vehicles complied with U.S. emissions standards. IAV admitted that it and
its co-conspirators knew the vehicles did not meet U.S. emissions standards and worked collaboratively to
design, test and implement cheating software to cheat the U.S. testing process. IAV further admitted that it
was aware the VW concealed material facts about its cheating from federal and state regulators and U.S. cus-
tomers. Pursuant to the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, lAV's $35 million fine was set according to the company's
inability to pay a higher fine amount without jeopardizing its continued viability.
The case was investigated by the FBI and EPA's Criminal Investigation Division. The prosecution is being han-
dled by a DOJ litigation team with assistance from the Criminal Division's Office of International Affairs and
the Office of the Public Prosecutor in Braunschweig, Germany.
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Sentencings
$4 Million Fine for Greek Shipping Companies After llligally Discharging Oil into Texas Port
Waters
Two Greek shipping companies, Avin International LTD and Nicos I.V. Special Maritime Enterprises, were sen-
tenced on May 3, 2019 in the Eastern District of Texas on charges stemming from several discharges of oil
into the waters of Texas ports by the oil tanker M/T Nicos I.V., announced Assistant Attorney General Jeffrey
Bossert Clark for the Justice Department's Environment and Natural Resources Division and United States
Attorney Joseph D. Brown for the Eastern District of Texas.
Avin International was the operator and Nicos I.V. Special Maritime Enterprises was the owner of the Nicos
I. V., which is a Greek-flagged vessel. The Master of the Nicos I.V., Rafail-Thomas Tsoumakos, and the vessel's
Chief Officer, Alexios Thomopoulos, also pleaded guilty to making material false statements to members of
the United States Coast Guard during the investigation into the discharges.
Both companies pleaded guilty to one count of
obstruction of an agency proceeding, one count
of failure to report discharge of oil under the
Clean Water Act, and three counts of negligent
discharge of oil under the Clean Water Act on
Nov. 26, 2018. Under the plea agreement, the
companies will pay a $4 million criminal fine and
serve a four-year term of probation, during
which vessels operated by the companies will be
required to implement an environmental com-
pliance plan, including inspections by an inde-
pendent auditor. Mr. Tsoumakos and Mr. Tho-
mopoulos both pleaded guilty to one count of ma
fines of $10,000 each on Dec. 20, 2018.
"Our nation, including the State of Texas, rely on America's ports and coastal waters for trade, recreation,
and environmental enjoyment. Foreign companies acting in defiance of the laws and regulations that protect
these valued resources threaten adjacent communities as well as marine ecosystems more broadly," said As-
sistant Attorney General Clark. "The Division remains committed to pursuing justice for these offenders, and
today's action stands as proof of that commitment."
"Our coastal waterways are critically important," said United States Attorney Joseph D. Brown. "Companies
that use them are expected to help maintain them by abiding by the Clean Water Act. When they do not,
there will continue to be investigations and consequences for those violations. Furthermore, individuals are
always expected to tell the truth when investigations are required, and failure to deal truthfully with investi-
gators always makes a situation worse."
"We are very grateful for the opportunity to work with the Coast Guard Investigative Service, the United
States Department of Justice's Environmental Crimes Section, and the United States Attorney's Office, who
were all instrumental in achieving this significant outcome," said Captain Jacqueline Twomey of U.S. Coast
king a material false statement and were sentenced to pay
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Sentencings
Guard Sector MSU Port Arthur. "We believe that the results of this case will serve as a deterrent that will ulti-
mately prevent or reduce the damage to the environment. By demonstrating the consequences of this ves-
sel's illicit actions, the intense collaboration and attention to detail of all team members ensured this vessel
and others, with similar intentions that conduct trade in the United States, comply with domestic and inter-
national environmental laws intended to eliminate marine pollution around the globe."
According to documents filed in court, the Nicos I.V. was equipped with a segregated ballast system, a con-
nected series of tanks used to control the trim and list of the vessel by taking on or discharging water, the
latter involving an operation called deballasting. At some point prior to July 6, 2017, the ballast system of
the Nicos I.V. became contaminated with oil and that oil was discharged twice from the vessel into the Port
of Houston on July 6 and July 7, 2017, during deballasting operations. Both Tsoumakos and Thomopoulos
were informed of the discharges of oil in the Port of Houston. Tsoumakos failed to report the discharges,
which, as the person in charge of the vessel, he was required to do under the Clean Water Act. Neither dis-
charge was recorded in the vessel's oil record book, as required under MARPOL and the Act to Prevent Pollu-
tion from Ships.
After leaving the Port of Houston, en route to Port Arthur, Texas, oil was observed in several of the ballast
tanks. After arriving in Port Arthur, additional oil began bubbling up next to the vessel, which was then re-
ported to the U.S. Coast Guard. During the ensuing investigation, both Tsoumakos and Thomopoulos lied to
the Coast Guard, stating, among other things, that they had not been aware of the oil in the ballast system
until after the discharge in Port Arthur, and that they believed that the oil in the ballast tanks had entered
them when the vessel took on ballast water in Port Arthur.
The case was investigated by the U.S. Coast Guard Investigative Service, with assistance from the U.S. Coast
Guard Sector MSU Port Arthur, which conducted the inspection of the ship. Additional assistance was provid-
ed by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the Jefferson County Sheriff's Office Marine Unit, and the Beau-
mont Police Department. The prosecution was handled by a DOJ litigation team.
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Plea Agreements
Virginia Beach Pump Company Pleads Guilty to Clean Water Act Violations
A Virginia Beach company pleaded guilty on July 24, 2019 to violating the Clean Water Act on July 24, 2019.
Forrest Sewer Pump Service, Inc., a family owned and operated business headquartered in Virginia Beach,
violated the Clean Water Act (CWA) in 2015 and 2016 by illegally discharging pollutants into unauthorized
manholes and pump stations. Court records indicate Forrest Sewer has been a Virginia licensed wastewater
hauler and provider of sewer pumping services and grease hauling for more than 20 years. Forrest Sewer
maintained an industrial user wastewater discharge permit to discharge into the Hampton Roads Sanitation
District (HRSD) sewage treatment system. However, the records indicate that Forrest Sewer discharged at the
unauthorized locations to, among other things, avoid paying dumping fees to HRSD.
The knowing introduction of trucked pollutants into undesignated locations is specifically prohibited by the
CWA pretreatment prohibitions and the local HRSD Industrial Wastewater Discharge Regulations. Forrest
Sewer was caught on video dumping the pollutants at an undesignated location in the Virginia Beach area.
Forrest Sewer faces a maximum sentence of five years of probation, as well as fine of up to $50,000 per day
of violation for the Clean Water Act violations when sentenced on October 24. Actual sentences for federal
crimes are typically less than the maximum penalties. A federal district court judge will determine any sen-
tence after taking into account the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines and other statutory factors.
The case is being investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division and prosecuted by a DOJ litigation
team.
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Plea Agreements
Washington DC Development Company and Owner Plead Guilty to Lead-Based Paint Crimes
Mohammad Sikder, 60, of Washington, D.C., pleaded guilty on June 20, 2019 to two counts of violating the
Toxic Substances Control Act for his role in renovating a Washington, D.C., property without following lead-
safe work practices and lead disclosure requirements.
Sikder's solely held company, District Properties LLC, also pleaded guilty to making false statements in 25
building permit applications to the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs
(DCRA). These applications understated the age of the homes being renovated, with the intent to avoid regu-
latory scrutiny of inadequate lead-based paint safety measures at those properties.
The Honorable Amy Berman Jackson scheduled sentencing for Nov. 22, 2019. The charges against Mr. Sikder
carry a statutory maximum of twelve months in prison and potential financial penalties. He and the govern-
ment will jointly recommend a $50,000 fine in addition to any prison time imposed. The company has agreed
to pay a $150,000 criminal fine, and to put another $25,000 towards funding lead-based paint compliance
trainings in the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia.
"Lead poisoning is a major environmental health problem, and the deliberate actions taken by the defendant
posed an unnecessary risk to his employees and the public at large," said Assistant Attorney General Jeffrey
Bossert Clark for the Justice Department's Environment and Natural Resources Division. "The Department of
Justice will not allow to go unchallenged such flagrant disregard for the rule of law and will continue to work
with its partners to protect the health of communities here in Washington, D.C., and beyond."
"By using unlicensed and untrained workers to renovate older buildings, the defendant threatened the
health of his workers and the general public," said Jennifer Lynn, Acting Special Agent in Charge for EPA's Mid
-Atlantic criminal enforcement program. "Today's guilty pleas demonstrate that EPA and its partner agen-
cies are committed to enforcing laws protecting public health."
Lead poisoning continues to be a major environmental health problem in the United States, although it is
completely preventable. The most common source of childhood lead poisoning is lead-based paint in older
homes, and the primary exposure pathway is ingestion of lead-contaminated dust. Lead is a toxic substance
that can cause permanent damage, and is regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act. Under the Reno-
vation, Repair and Painting Rule (RRP Rule), contractors performing renovation, repair and painting projects
that disturb lead-based paint in homes, child care facilities, and schools built before 1978 must be certified
and must follow specific work practices to prevent lead contamination.
According to a Statement of Offense filed along with the plea agreements, Sikder and District Properties LLC
purchased and renovated a property in Washington, D.C., without following the requirements of the RRP
Rule. In 2014, the company submitted a building permit application to DCRA for addition, alteration, and re-
pair of the property. At Sikder's instruction, the employee submitting the permit application, under the sec-
tion of the application titled "Lead Abatement," falsely indicated that the property was built after 1978. Dur-
ing the summer and fall of 2014, a contractor conducted demolition at the property without following RRP
Rule safe work practices. The demolition work included removing windows, removing interior and exterior
painted surfaces, and removing floor and ceiling joists.
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Plea Agreements
A Sept. 24, 2015, Occupational Safety and Health Administration inspection revealed multiple hazards, in-
cluding (1) employees performing manual demolition on a wall surface that had paint containing lead; (2) the
lack of an employee exposure assessment to determine actual employee exposure; (3) the lack of lead train-
ing to employees; and (4) proper sanitation practices not being followed. Sampling analysis showed lead pre-
sent on the dump truck and employees' hands. When the property was properly remediated and sold, Sikder
and District Properties LLC did not provide the purchasers this information and with a report documenting
the prior existence of lead-based paint at the property.
Between 2011 and 2017, District Properties LLC submitted 25 renovation permit applications for properties in
Washington, D.C., on which the company falsely represented that the properties had been built after 1978,
thereby circumventing additional permitting requirements and avoiding EPA oversight with respect to RRP
Rule compliance, which would be triggered by an accurate permit application.
In announcing the plea, Deputy Assistant Attorney General Williams and Acting Special Agent in Charge Lynn
expressed appreciation for the work performed by Special Agent Allison Landsman from EPA-Criminal Investi-
gations Division, in partnership with the Metropolitan Police Department Environmental Crimes Unit. The
case is being prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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Plea Agreements
Washington Husband and Wife and Their Trucking Companies Plead Guilty to Renewable
Energy Fraud
On June 10, 2019, Hector M. Garza, Jr., age 48, his wife, Tammy L. Garza, age 37, of Richland Washington,
and their companies, HTG Trucking, LLC, and Freedom Fuel, Inc., pled guilty to fraud and false statement
charges in connection with a renewable energy fraud scheme.
According to information disclosed during the court proceedings, Hector Garza, HTG Trucking, and Freedom
Fuel were participants in a conspiracy involving Gen-X Energy Group, Inc. (Gen-X), a renewable energy com-
pany formerly located in Pasco and Moses Lake, Washington. Between January 2013 and April 2013, Hector
Garza and his co-conspirators falsely claimed the production of hundreds of thousands of marketable renew-
able energy credits, which they then sold for more than $296,000, and filed false claims with the IRS for
$284,546 in excise credit refunds. Throughout this period, much of the renewable fuel claimed to be pro-
duced at the Gen-X facilities was either not produced or re-processed multiple times. Hector Garza, HTG
Trucking, and Freedom Fuel pled guilty to conspiring to defraud the United States with respect to the false
claims made upon the IRS, through the use of the trucking companies, which were used to "round" supposed
renewable fuel by driving the same material back and forth between Gen-X's Moses Lake facility and the Gar-
zas' businesses in Othello, Washington, and generating fraudulent renewable energy credits and tax credits
each time the material was "rounded." Tammy Garza pled guilty to aiding and abetting the use of false state-
ments in connection with the renewable energy credits that were claimed and sold as part of the scheme, a
separate offense.
Joseph H. Harrington said, "Defrauding the public by scamming renewable energy incentive programs will not
be tolerated. I commend the tenacious and thorough efforts of investigators from IRS-Criminal Investigation
and the Environmental Protection Agency's Criminal Investigation Division. The United States Attorney's
Office will continue to work closely with our law enforcement partners to aggressively prosecute fraud and
other white collar crimes in the Eastern District of Washington."
A number of other conspirators have previously pled guilty and been sentenced in connection with their role
in the fraud. In June 2017, Scott Johnson, the former CEO of Gen-X, was sentenced to a 97-month term of
imprisonment in connection with his role in the fraud scheme. Most recently, in June 2018, Jin Chul "Jacob"
Cha of Tustin, California, was sentenced to 51 months of imprisonment in connection with his role in the
fraud.
"The United States tax system is designed to provide vital government services to American citizens. It is not
a slush fund for fraudsters," said Acting Assistant Special Agent in Charge Carrie Nordyke of IRS Criminal In-
vestigation. "The IRS will continue to work with federal law enforcement agencies to prosecute scammers
like Hector and Tammy Garza who illegally claim thousands in tax credits for personal financial gain."
The guilty pleas were accepted by United States District Judge Salvador Mendoza, Jr. The conspiracy offense
to which Hector Garza pled guilty carries a maximum term of imprisonment of 10 years, while the false state-
ment charge to which Tammy Garza pled guilty has a maximum imprisonment term of 2 years. Each corpora-
tion faces a maximum fine of $500,000, or of double the loss to the victim or the gain to the defendant,
whichever is greater. All four defendants are scheduled to be sentenced on October 17, 2019, at 9:00 a.m. in
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Plea Agreements
Pleas Entered By Santa Clara Waste Water and Green Compass Environmental Solutions For
2014 Explosion and 2015 Possession of Unreported Chemicals
On June 6, 2019, Santa Clara Waste Water Company and Green Compass Environmental Solutions, LLC
(corporate defendants) entered pleas for their roles in a November 2014 explosion at 815 Mission Rock Road
in Santa Paula that injured numerous employees and first responders, and for the subsequent storage of un-
disclosed hazardous chemicals on site.
On November 18, 2014, at approximately 3:45 a.m., an explosion occurred at 815 Mission Rock Road, Santa
Paula, California, a wastewater treatment facility owned and operated by the corporate defendants. The in-
vestigation revealed the blast was caused by the mixing and disposal of hazardous chemicals into a 5,040-
gallon vacuum truck not rated to hold nor transport such chemicals. Numerous employees of the corporate
defendants as well as firefighters and paramedics who responded to the scene and rendered aid were injured
either by the initial explosion or by inhaling toxic vapors which developed on site shortly afterwards from the
chemicals that exploded out of the vacuum truck.
In November 2015, a search warrant was served at the corporate defendants' facility in Santa Paula which led
to the discovery of approximately 5,500 gallons of sodium hydroxide, also known as Petromax, stored within
a locked shipping container. These chemicals were required by law to be reported into the California Environ-
mental Reporting System (CERS), yet the corporate defendants' officials had not reported their possession of
Petromax since 2013.
The corporate defendants pled no contest to eight crimes in the consolidated indictment, including four felo-
nies: conspiracy to impede an environmental enforcement official; knowing failure to warn of a serious con-
cealed danger, specifically sodium chlorite; filing a false or forged instrument for recording in a public office;
and dissuading a witness from reporting a crime. The corporate defendants also pled no contest to four mis-
demeanors: impeding an environmental enforcement official; failure to update the hazardous materials busi-
ness plan; failure to update the hazardous materials inventory, and submission of false records or statements
to the California Environmental Reporting System. As a result of their pleas today, the corporate defendants
will be ordered to pay $2,797,621 in restitution. This is in addition to $800,000 of restitution previously paid
by other convicted co-defendants; for a total amount of court-ordered victim restitution of $3,597,621 in this
case.
Eight other individually charged co-defendants have entered pleas in this case. A sentencing hearing for the
corporate defendants is scheduled for August 23, 2019. The investigation and prosecution of this case is the
result of a joint effort by the California Attorney General's Office; the Ventura County District Attorney's
Office, EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the US Department of Transportation (USDOT); the State Depart-
ment of Industrial Relations, Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA); and the Ventura County
Environmental Health Division. The case is being prosecuted by the Ventura County, CA District Attorney's
Office.
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Plea Agreements
Former Superintendent of Oswego, New York Wastewater Treatment Plant Pleads Guilty to
Clean Water Act Violation
Gary Hallinan, age 61, of Oswego, New York, pled guilty on May 25, 2019 in federal court in Syracuse, New
York to negligently discharging wastewater from the City of Oswego Wastewater Treatment Plant into Lake
Ontario in violation of the Clean Water Act on three dates between March 2015 and June 2015, announced
United States Attorney Grant C. Jaquith, Tyler Amon, Special Agent in Charge of the U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency's Criminal Investigation Division (EPA-CID) in New York, and Bernard Rivers, Director of Law
Enforcement, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC).
In pleading guilty, Hallinan admitted that in December 2014, while
he was the Superintendent of the Oswego Wastewater Treatment
Plant, the plant's centrifuge, an essential piece of equipment to pro-
cess wastewater and remove untreated or improperly treated sew-
age, stopped operating. As a result, the plant could no longer
properly remove sewage from its wastewater. Over the next five
months, Hallinan, as the superintendent of the plant, failed to take
action to remove sewage from the plant's wastewater or to report
the broken centrifuge to the New York State Department of Envi-
ronmental Conservation. As a result of the defendant's negligence,
the Oswego Wastewater Treatment Plant discharged wastewater
containing solid sewage in violation of its permit under the Clean
Water Act. These discharges took place on March 1, 2015; June 19,
2015; and June 23, 2015. The concentration of solid matter in the
water discharged into Lake Ontario on June 23, 2015, was approximately 60 times higher than allowed by the
plant's permit.
The charge to which Hallinan pled guilty yesterday carries a maximum penalty of up to 1 year in prison, a fine
of up to $100,000, and a term of supervised release of up to 1 year. The defendant will be sentenced on Sep-
tember 24, 2019 by United States Magistrate Judge David E. Peebles. A defendant's sentence is imposed by a
judge based on the particular statute the defendant is charged with violating, the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines,
and other factors.
This case was investigated by the EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the New York State DEC, Division of
Law Enforcement and Bureau of Environmental Crimes Investigation Unit (BECI), and is being prosecuted by
Assistant United States Attorney Michael F. Perry.
Video Still Image: Improper/Illegal discharge of
untreated wastewater/raw sewage at the Oswego
Eastside WWTP effluent Outfall
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Plea Agreements
Connecticut Property Owner Pleads Guilty to Illegal Asbestos Removal
John H. Durham, United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, and Tyler C. Anion, Special Agent in
Charge of EPA's Criminal Investigation Division in New England, announced, that Aleks Rakaj, 46, pleaded
guilty on May 23, 2019, in New Haven federal court to one count of illegal asbestos removal in violation of
the Clean Air Act.
According to court documents and statements made in court, Aleks Rakaj and his two cousins purchased a
commercial property located at 206-220 Wallace Street in New Haven. Prior to purchasing the property, the
realtor informed Rakaj and his cousins that the property contained asbestos. Shortly after the purchase was
completed, Rakaj and his cousins failed to abide by laws and regulations concerning asbestos removal, re-
sulting in exposure of those who were at the site to the negative health effects of asbestos.
On November 20, 2015, inspectors from the City of
New Haven Health Department, conducting an unan-
nounced inspection, discovered the illegal asbestos
removal project at 206-220 Wallace Street. The in-
spection revealed multiple instances of illegal removal
of asbestos-containing "air cell" pipe wrap and asbes-
tos-containing "mag block" tank and boiler insula-
tion. The workers failed to abide by legally required
safety measures, failed to perform necessary wetting
and failed to dispose of the asbestos-containing waste
material at appropriate disposal sites. Inspectors also
observed and photographed 100-150 standard gar-
bage bags filled with unlabeled, unwetted asbestos-
containing material.
Rakaj is scheduled to be sentenced by U.S. District Judge Janet Bond Arterton on August 14, 2019, at which
time Rakaj faces a maximum term of imprisonment of five years, as well as various fines.
Rakaj's cousins, Rezart Rakaj, of Ansonia, and Kliton Rakaj, of Monroe, previously pleaded guilty to the same
offense. On April 1, 2019, they were each sentenced to one year of probation, a fine of $9,500, and 50 hours
of community service.
"The illegal removal of asbestos insulation and the associated removal of scrap pipe and boilers from old
buildings continues to be a problem throughout the Northeast," said EPA-CID Special Agent in Charge
Amon. "Inhalation of asbestos fibers can result in lung cancer and it therefore poses significant health risks
to all exposed. EPA will continue to hold accountable those who commit such offenses."
This investigation is being conducted by the EPA's Criminal investigation Division, with the assistance of the
City of New Haven Health Department and U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Admin-
istration. The case is being prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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Trials and Settlements
Kansas Developer Convicted for Violating Asbestos Disposal Laws
In Topeka, Kansas, on July 30 2019, a jury found a Lawrence, Kansas developer Thomas S. Fritzel guilty on
charges of disposing of asbestos in violation of the Clean Air Act.
Fritzel was convicted on the three counts:
• Failing to notify authorities before removing asbestos;
• Failing to keep asbestos wet during demolition to prevent air contamination; and
• Failing to dispose of asbestos in leak-tight containers.
During trial, the government presented evidence that
Fritzel violated federal laws for handling asbestos during
demolition and renovations at the Alvamar Country Club
in Lawrence. The government presented evidence to
show that Fritzel knew that the roof of the country club
contained 75 percent chrysotile asbestos. The previous
owners, who sold the club to Fritzel in January 2016, had
decided not to replace the roof because of the cost of
abating the asbestos.
On October 19, 2016, the Kansas Department of Health
and Environment told Fritzel to get a licensed asbestos
contractor to remove asbestos from the site and dispose
of it properly. On Oct. 25, 2016, KDHE inspected the site and determined asbestos debris had been removed
and hauled to Hamm Landfill in Perry, Kan., which is not approved for asbestos disposal.
Sentencing will be set for a later date. Fritzel faces a penalty of up to two years in federal prison and a fine up
to $250,000 on count two and up to five years and a fine up to $250,000 on counts three and four. The case
was investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division and is being prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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Trials and Settlements
Green Energy Fraudster Convicted at Trial for Scamming Multiple Federal Agencies, Custom-
ers
On May 1, 2019, a federal jury in Reading, Pennsylvania convicted David M. Dunham, Jr. of conspiracy to
commit wire fraud and defraud the United States, wire fraud, filing false tax documents and obstruction of
justice. The conviction stemmed from Dunham hatching and executing a scheme to defraud the Environmen-
tal Protection Agency, the Internal Revenue Service, the United States Department of Agriculture, and his
customers to obtain renewable fuel credits in his "green energy" business. The government is also seeking
forfeiture of approximately $1.7 million in fraudulently obtained revenue and several parcels of real es-
tate. The trial lasted four weeks before United States District Judge Jeffrey L. Schmehl.
In Dunham's green energy scam, he fraudulently applied for, received, and sold "credits" for selling renewa-
ble biofuels that he, in fact, did not sell and, in many instances, had never possessed in the first place. He
obtained these credits from government agencies, which resulted in Dunham obtaining $50 million in fraudu-
lent revenue. Dunham ran the scam from approximately 2010 to 2015, using his business, Smarter Fuels, and
that of his co-defendant, Ralph Tomasso, who previously pleaded guilty to conspiracy to defraud federal pro-
grams.
"Though this defendant tried to deflect blame on others, his years of scamming the government and his cus-
tomers has finally caught up to him," said U.S. Attorney McSwain. "And the truth is as simple as this: Every-
one has to follow the rules. You cannot lie, steal, or cover up your misdeeds. If you do, we will hold you ac-
countable. Experience shows that fraudsters like Dunham are always looking for the next best scam. As
American consumers become increasingly more concerned with energy conservation, green energy scams
like the one in this case provide criminals with an easy angle. We are grateful that the jury saw through Dun-
ham's lies and reached the correct result."
"Today's conviction sends a clear message to any future fraudsters out there: crime does not pay. Especially
when that crime involves defrauding American customers and multiple federal agencies," said Assistant
Attorney General Clark. "When the defendant knowingly cheated a federal government program aimed at
energy conservation, he gave himself an unfair advantage over his competitors and stole millions of dollars
from the American taxpayer in the process. The Department of Justice will not tolerate this type of deception
and will continue to work with its law enforcement partners to root out this unlawful conduct."
"David Dunham created an elaborate scheme that served no purpose other than to mislead and defraud the
government," said IRS Special Agent in Charge Guy Ficco. "Unfortunately for him, our special agents were
able to track the movement of paperwork and uncover the deceit behind his actions. We, along with our fel-
low law enforcement partners and the Department of Justice, will continue to investigate and prosecute
those who commit similar crimes."
"The defendant made numerous fraudulent claims to illegally profit from the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)
Program," said Jessica Taylor, Director of EPA's Criminal Investigation Division. "Today's conviction should
send a clear signal that EPA and our law enforcement partners are committed to protecting the integrity of
the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007."
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Trials and Settlements
USDA-OIG Special Agent-in-Charge Bethanne M. Dinkins said, "We appreciate the commitment of the Depart-
ment of Justice and the cooperative efforts of our law enforcement partners throughout this significant in-
vestigation. Mr. Dunham's conviction at trial sends a strong message regarding the benefit of working across
agency lines to protect the integrity of Government programs like the USDA Advanced Biofuel Payment Pro-
gram, established in the 2008 Farm Bill as an incentive for companies to produce and use alternative fuel
sources. The USDA Office of Inspector General will continue to dedicate resources to protect the Depart-
ment's programs and assets by investigating those who commit fraud and compromise the integrity of USDA
programs."
The case was investigated by EPA's Criminal Investigation Division, the Internal Revenue Service's Criminal
Investigation Division, and the United States Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General. The
case is being prosecuted by a DOJ litigation team.
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