Federal and California Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions Standards for Air Pollutants


Federal and California Light-Duty Vehicle
Emissions Standards for Air Pollutants
There are two standards programs shown in this document: federal standards, known as the Tier 1. Tier 2. and Tier 3 Programs, and
California standards, known as the LEV I. LEV II. and LEV III Programs.
These standards apply to all passenger vehicles, which include light-duty vehicles (i.e., cars), light-duty trucks (e.g., small pickup trucks),
and medium-duty passenger vehicles (e.g., certain larger configurations of SUVs); all vehicles are affected, regardless of which fuel
they use. The older California programs (LEV I and LEV II) break down medium-duty vehicles into different classes based on weight (i.e.,
MDV4 and MDV5). For more information on these weight classifications, visit the California Air Resources Board's website. In addition,
the first federal program (Tier 1) breaks down light-duty trucks into multiple weight-based classes (i.e., LDT1, LDT2, etc.); learn more
about the different weight classes here.
Tier 3 (MY 2025+) and LEV III Program (MY 2015+)
Phase-in began in MY2017 for the Tier 3 Program.
Standards
Emissions Limits (grams/mile)*

Tier LEV
PM
NOx + NMOG CO 	
Tier LEV**
HCHO
(Federal) (California)
Cars, Trucks, and SUVs
Bin 1	N/A*"	0	0	0	0	0
Bin 20
SULEV20
0.02
1
0.01
0.003
0.004
Bin 30
SULEV30
0.03
1
0.01
0.003
0.004
Bin 50
ULEV50
0.05
1.7
0.01
0.003
0.004
Bin 70
ULEV70
0.07
1.7
0.01
0.003
0.004
Bin 125
ULEV125
0.125
2.1
0.01
0.003
0.004
Bin 160
LEV160
0.16
4.2
0.01
0.003
0.004
* Maximum allowed grams of pollutant per mile at vehicle's full useful life (150,000 miles)
** Starting in 2017, LEV PM standards dropped to 0.003 g/mi, with 100% certified by 2021, and drop further starting in 2025
*** ZEVs are handled differently under California's LEV program
Tier 2 Program (MY 2004-2016)
Standard

Emissions Limits (grams/mile)*

NOx + NMOG CO
PM**
HCHO
Cars, Trucks, and SUVs
Bin 1
0
0
0
0
Bin 2
0.03
2.1
0.01
0.004
Bin 3
0.085
2.1
0.01
0.011
Bin 4
0.11
2.1
0.01
0.011
Bin 5
0.16
4.2
0.01
0.018
Bin 6
0.19
4.2
0.01
0.018
Bin 7
0.24
4.2
0.02
0.018
Bin 8a
0.325
4.2
0.02
0.018
*Maximum allowed grams of pollutant per mile at vehicle's full useful life (100,000-120,000 miles)
*>EPA
Tier 2 Interim Program.
Additional bins were added
to provide flexibility during
the phase-in of the program.
These bins were restricted
to specific mileage years and
vehicle classes. For more
information about the interim
standards, see the table in 40
CFR 86 Subpart S here.
Urtilid
EfwIrcyvTMfviil Proittilon
k Ayoncv
EPA-420-B-19-043
September 2019

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LEV II Program (MY 2004-2014)
Standards vary based on vehicle class and weight. For more information on these weight classes,
visit the California Air Resources Board's website.
Standard

Emissions Limits (grams/mile)*

NOx+NMOG
CO
PM**
HCHO
LDV (Cars), LDT (Small Trucks)
ZEV
0
0
0
0
PZEV
0.03
l
0.01
0.004
SULEV II
0.03
l
0.01
0.004
ULEV II
0.125
2.1
0.01
0.011
LEV II
0.16
4.2
0.01
0.018
LEV II Option 1
0.19
4.2
0.01
0.018
MDV4
SULEV II
0.2
3.2
0.06
0.008
ULEV II
0.343
6.4
0.06
0.016
LEV II
0.395
6.4
0.12
0.032
MDV5
SULEV II
0.317
3.7
0.06
-
ULEV II
0.567
7.3
0.06
-
LEV II
0.19
0.63
7.3
0.12
*Maximum allowed grams of pollutant per mile at vehicle's full useful life (100,000-120,000 miles)
Tier 1 Program (MY 1994-2003)
Standards vary based on vehicle class and weight. For more information on these weight classes
visit EPA's Vehicle Weight Classifications for the Emission Standards Reference Guide.
Standard

Emissions Limits (grams/mile)*

NOx+NMOG
CO
PM**
HCHO
LDV (Cars)
LDV
0.91
4.2
0.01
-
LDV diesel
1.56
4.2
0.01
0.8
LDT1
LDT1
0.91
4.2
0.01
0.8
LDT diesel
1.56
4.2
0.01
0.8
LDT2
LDT2
1.37
5.5
0.01
0.8
LDT3
LDT3
1.44
6.4
0.01
0.8
LDT4
LDT4
2.09
7.3
0.12
0.8
*Maximum allowed grams of pollutant per mile at vehicle's full useful life (100,000-120,000 miles)

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LEV I Program (MY 2001-2006)
Standards vary based on vehicle class.
Standard

Emissions Limits (grams/mile)*

NOx+NMOG
CO
PM**
HCHO
LDV, LDTl
ULEV 1
0.355
2.1
0.04
0.011
LEV 1
0.39
4.2
0.08
0.018
1 LEV* * *
0.39
4.2
0.08
--
TLEV | * * **
0.756
4.2
0.08
0.018
LDT2
ILEV**
0.63
5.5
0.08
--
ULEV 1
0.57
2.8
n/a
0.013
LEV 1
0.63
5.5
0.1
0.023
TLEV 1
1.1
5.5
0.1
0.023
MDV2
SULEV 1
0.372
3.2
0.05
0.013
ULEV 1
0.743
6.4
0.05
0.013
LEV 1
0.83
6.4
0.1
0.027
MDV3
SULEV 1
0.534
3.7
0.06
0.008
ULEV 1
1.067
7.3
0.06
0.016
LEV 1
1.18
7.3
0.12
0.032
MDV4
SULEV 1
0.6
4.1
0.06
0.010
ULEV 1
1.197
8.1
0.06
0.021
LEV 1
1.33
8.1
0.12
0.040
MDV5
SULEV 1
0.83
5.2
0.06
0.013
ULEV 1
1.757
10.3
0.06
0.026
LEV 1
1.943
10.3
0.12
0.052
* Maximum allowed grams of pollutant per mile at vehicle's full useful life (100,000-120,000 miles)
** PM standard applied only to diesel vehicles
*** No MY specification for this standard
**** Applies only to MY 2001-2003

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Acronym List
Vehicle Classes
Light-duty truck
(Note: Divided into 2 classes based on weight)
Heavy light-duty truck	Ex: Ford F-450
Light light-duty truck	Ex: Ford F-150
Light-duty vehicle	Ex: Honda Accord
Medium-duty passenger vehicle	Ex: Some configurations of the Chevrolet Suburban
Medium-duty vehicle (same as MDV)	„	„	, ,	^ ,
	 , , , ... Ex: Some configurations of the Chevrolet Suburban
(Note: divided into 5 classes based on weight)
Learn more about EPA Size Classes here: httDs://www.fueleconomv.aov/fea/findacarhelD.shtml#eDaSizeClass
Standards

LEV
Low emission vehicle
SULEV
Super ultra-low emission vehicle
TLEV
Transitional low emission vehicle
ULEV
Ultra-low emission vehicle
ZEV
Zero emission vehicle
Pollutants

HCHO
Formaldehyde
NMOG
Non-methane organic gases
LDT
. HLDT
. LLDT
LDV
MDPV
MDV

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