SmartWay
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency +
Weight Reduction
A Glance at Clean Freight Strategies
ENERGY & FUEL SAVINGS
Gallons Saved:
240
gallons
CO2 Savings:
2.4
metric tons
Fuel Cost Savings:
$700
Choosing lighter-weight tractor and trailer components can reduce truck weight
by thousands of pounds. Reducing 3,000 pounds from a heavy truck could save
240 gallons of fuel each year, eliminating from 2 metric tons of greenhouse gas
emissions annually.
WHAT IS THE CHALLENGE?
Truck fuel consumption increases with the weight of the vehicle. Many truck components
are typically made of heavier material, such as steel. Heavier trucks require more fuel to
accelerate and to climb hills, and may reduce the amount of cargo that can be carried.
WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?
Every 10 percent drop in truck weight reduces fuel use between 5 and 10 percent.
Generally, an empty truck makes up about one-third of the total weight of the truck.
Using aluminum, metal alloys, metal matrix composites, and other lightweight
components where appropriate can reduce empty truck weight (known as "tare weight'"
improve fuel efficiency, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Most truck manufacturers offer lightweight tractor models that are 1,000 or more
pounds lighter than comparable models. Lighter-weight models combine different
weight-saving options that may include:
Cast aLuminum alloy wheels can save about 40 pounds each for total
savings of about 400 pounds
ALuminum axle hubs can save over 120 pounds compared to ductile
iron or steel
Centrifuse brake drums can save nearly 100 pounds compared to standard
brake drums
ALuminum clutch housing can save about 50 pounds compared to iron
clutch housing
Composite front axle Leaf springs can save about 70 pounds compared to
steel springs
ALuminum cab frames can save hundreds of pounds compared to standard
steel frames
Downsizing to a smaller, lighter-weight engine can save over 700 pounds

EPA-420-F-19-030 | August 2019 | SmartWay Transport Partnership | epa.gov/smartway	(continued)

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Weight Reduction A Glance at Clean Freight Strategies (continued)
%
Truck trailers offer additional options for weight savings.
Lightweight components that can reduce empty trailer
weight by 2,000 pounds or more may include:
ALuminum roof bows save about 100 pounds
compared to steel
ALuminum floor crossmembers save approximately
160 pounds compared to steel
ALuminum floor saves about 375 pounds compared
to 1.375" laminate hardwood
ALuminum side posts save approximately 300
pounds compared to steel
ALuminum hubs or light weight cast iron hubs save
about 30 pounds per axle compared to standard cast
iron hubs
%
Lightweight brake drums save about 45 pounds per
axle compared to standard cast iron brake drums
Eight aLuminum wheels save about 225 pounds
compared to eight steel wheels
Composite traiLer springs can save about 70 pounds
compared to steel springs
Lighter-weight alternative materials can cost more.
Therefore, use of lighter-weight truck options is more
common in freight applications that are weight-sensitive,
like heavy-goods and refrigerated foods. However, virtually
any truck fleet could employ weight saving strategies.

SAVINGS AND BENEFITS
Trimming 3,000 pounds from a heavy truck (about four percent of its loaded weight) with
lighter-weight components could save 240 gallons of fuel each year. Saving this much fuel
would eliminate 2 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions per year. Trucks that employ
more weight-saving options would save more. In addition, in weight-sensitive applications,
lightweight components can allow more cargo and increased productivity.
NEXTSTEPS
1
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When specifying new trucks, trucking fleets should consider the Lightest weight components that will
suit the application and where appropriate, buy Lighter-weight versions of standard truck models. One
manufacturer, for example, offers a day-cab tractor that weighs 2,100 pounds Less than the base model.
Another manufacturer offers a 1,200 pound Lighter version of a popular sleeper model, intended for dry
and Liquid bulk haulers as well as other weight sensitive operations.
Most truck manufacturers and dealers can provide additional information on weight-saving options.

Please visit the SmartWay website at www.epa.gov/smartway
to access more tech bulletins.
SmartWay
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency^

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