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svEPA Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical: Bifenthrm
Reason for Issuance: A»e«vled Registration first Food Use
Oate Issued: .October ,1988
Fact Sheet Number: 177
DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
Go none Name: (2-me thy 1 (1,1 -bi phony 1J — 3 - y 1 )-methyl-3-(2-chloro-3, 3, 3 -
tnfluoro-l -propony 1 )-2,2-dimethyl eye lopropaneca r t>ox y la to
Common Name : lllfenthrin
Other Proposed Names: luphenate, biphenthrm
Trado Names: Itngade, Capture, Talstar
CoJo Number; FMC S4800
FTA Shaughnessy NO.: 12882S
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 82CS7-04-3
Ye>r ct Initial Registration: 1985
Pesticide Type: Insecticlde/Mn.icide
Chemical Family: Pyrcthroid
U.S. arvl Foreign Producers: FmC Corporation
USE PATTERNS ANO FORMULATIONS
Application Site*: Creenhouse Ornamentals, Cotton
Types and Methods of Application; Foliar Spray
Application Rates: 0.004 to 0.02 lb ai per 10 gallons of spray
Types of Formulations: 90\ tcclinical, 10 WP, and 2EL'
Limitations* RESTRICTE0 USE PESTICIDE. Toxic to fish and aquatic
organisms. For retail sale to and use only by Certifiod Applicators,
or persons under tJielr direct supervision and only for the uses covered
by the certified applicator's ceri11 ication.
SCIENCE FINDINGS
Sum/nary Science Statement: Hifenthrm, a synthetic pyrethroid
insectlcide/miticido, is very highly toxic to fish and aquatic
invertebrates. It is highly toxic to mammals by the oral route,
with rat oral IJD'o values of 70. l and S3.8 mg/kg (or males and
females, respectively. There was no evidence of any oncogenic
effects in a 2-year dietary (0, 12, SO, 100 and 200 ppm) study
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in rats. However, a mouse feeding oncogenicity study (87 weeks Cor
males, 92 weeks for feaales) with dose levels of 0, 50, 200, S00, and
600 ppm showed a significantly elevated incidence of leiomyosarcoma
of the urinary bladder of males at 600 ppm. On the basis of a statis-
tically highly significant (p - 0.000S3) dose-related trend of increased
tumor incidence (and the significantly increased incidence at 600 ppm)
of leioeyoaarco«a of the urinary bladder In ipale alee, the.Agency has
classified blfenthrin as a class C (possible huoan) oncogen. A *
of - 5;4 x (mg/kg/day) _1 in human equivalents•has been.Calculated.
The "worst case" incremental dietary oncogenic risk associated with
complete treatment of the cotton crop and maximum allowable residues
is calculated to be 6.0 * 10~6. Actual risk would be less since no
more than 25 percent of the cotton crop is likely to be treated. It
has not demonstrated any teratogenic effects at the highest levels
tested.
Chemical Characteristics:
Physical State; Solid
Color: Off-white to pale tan
Odor: Very weak, aromatic
Boiling point: Not applicable
Melting Point: 68 to 70.6 degrees C
Vapor Pressure: 1.81 x 10~7 torr at 25 degrees C
Solubilityi Water: < 0.1 ppb
Organic Solvents: Soluble in methylene chloride, chloroform, acetone,
ether, and toluene.
Dissociation Constant: Not applicable due to the extremely low water
solubility.
Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: > 1 * I06
prt: 5.4 to 6«0
Oxidizing or Reducing Action: Has not demonstrated potential "for
acting as an oxidizing or reducing
agent under noraal handling and use
conditions.
Storage Stability: Preliminary studies indicate excellent storage
stability.
Toxicology Characteristics!
Acute Oral LD50 - Rat: S3.8 mg/kg (females), 70.1 mg/kg (males)
(Category III)
Acute Dermal LDS0 - Rabbit: > 2000 mg/kg (Category 111)
Teratology - Rat: Maternal toxicity NOEL = 1 »g/kg/day,• Developmental
toxicity NOEL = 1 mg/kg/day
Teratology - Rabbit: Matorn.il toxicity NOEL = 2.67 mg/kg/day;
Developmental toxicity NOEL > 8 mg/kg/day
2-Generation - Rat: Maternal toxicity NOKL - 30 ppm
Reproductive toxicity NOEL > 100 ppm
Developmental toxicity NOEL > 100 ppm
00-Day Feeding - Rat: NOEL - SO ppm (2.5 mg/kg/day)
M-W^ok ceding - ikhj ¦ NOCf. J.?\ m
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1 -Year Feeding - Dog: NOEL ¦ 0.75 *xj/kg/day
2-¥ear Feoding/Oncogenicity Study - Rat;
Systeiric tonicity NOEL ¦= 50 ppn (2.5 mq/kg/day)
Oncogenic toxicity LEL > 200 ppni {10 mg/kg/day)
87-week Oncogenicity - Mouse;
Oncogenic LEL « SO ppa <7.5 mg/kg/day}
Mutagenicity!
- Positive assay in »ou6e lymphoma, forward mutation
(gene autation) •<
- Negative in other assays including CH0 cells, Ames test, UOS up
to 2.5 uL/aL, and _in vivo rat bone narrow cells (categories of
gene Mutation, genotoxicity, and chromosome aberration)
Physiological and Biochemical Behavioral Characteristics;
Foliar Absorption: Not absorbed
Translocation; Not translocated
Mechanism of Pesticide Action: Neurotoxicity characteristic of
pyrethroid insecticides
Environmental Characteristics:
Absorption and Leaching in Soil: Immobile in soils with high
exchange capacity containing large amounts of organic natter, clay
and silt. Low mobility in soils with low exchange capacity such as
sandy soil low in organic matter.
Hydrolysis-. Bifenthrin is expected to be stable to hydrolysis.
Additional data would be needed to bore fully characterize its
activity.
Aerobic Soil Metabolism: Bifenthr in will aerobical).y degrade in soil
with a half-life of 3 to 8 nonUis. Additional information would be
needed to aore fully characterize its activity.
Environmental Fate and Surface and Ground Mater contamination
Concerns: No concerns at this time.
Exposure of Humans and Nontarget Organisms to Chemical or Degradates:
Applicator exposure in greenhouse and field use (cotton) and, if
improperly used, exposure to fish and invertebrate animals.
Exposure During Reentry Operations: No special precautions needed in
greenhouses once spray residues are dry; however, for cotton use
the following precautions are required:
Oo not apply this product in such a manner as to
directly o- through drift expose workers or other
persons. The area being treated must be vacated
by unprotected persons. Do not enter treated
areas without protective clothing until spray:,
have dried. fiee.iu'-.o certain Sl.iti'S may
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more restrictive reentry Intervals for crops
treated with thi s product, consult your State
Department of Agriculture for further information.
Ecological Characteristics:
Hazards to Fish and Wildlife - Birds: Mallard duck LD5q < 2IS0 mg/kg
Bobwtiite quail UO^q 1800 mg/kg; lo%# acute toxicity to bird* but
concern about possible bioaccumulation.
Fish - Bluegill sunflsh: 96-hr LO^q 0.18 parts per billion' (ppb);
rainbow trout 96-hr LDjq 0-10 ppb; very high toxicity to fish plus
concern with persistence in water and on soil and organic material
found in water.
Aquatic Invertebrates - Paphnia magna: 48-hr EC5Q 1.6 ppb; very high
toxicity to freshwater invertebrate animals. Mysidopsis bahla:
96-hr LC50 ¦ 3.97 parts per trillion; very high toxicity to estuarine
invertebrate animals. Concern about persistence in water. Additional
data are needed to fully characterize bifenthrin toxicity to aquatic
organisms.
Tolerance Assessment:
Parts per Million
Commodities (ppm)
Cottonseed 0.5
Meat, fat, and meat
byproducts of cattle,
goats, hogs, horses,
and sheep 0.1
Milk 0.02.
The acceptable daily intake, based on a' NOEL of 1.5 ®g/kg/day from a
1-year dog feeding study and a safety factor of 100 is 0.015 mg/kg
body weight/day. The theoretical maximum residue contribution from
the above tolerances is 0.000445 mg/kg body weight/day.
Reported Pesticide Incidents: None
4. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSITION AMD RATIONALE
Bifenthrin, formulated as a wettable powder and an emulsifiable
concentrate, is registered for use on greenhouse ornamentals and
cotton. Because of toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrates,
precautionary labeling is required to warn against contamination of
bodies of water, endangered species restrictions, special equipment
for closed loading systems, and protective clothing for applicators
and mi x<-rs/loaders when applying products containing bifenthrin.
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S. SUMMARY OF OATA GAPS
Name of Study
Estuarmc Mollusc
Acute Test
Fish Life CycJe
Simulated or Actual
Aquatic Field Test
Volatility (Lab)
Aquatic Invertebrate
Life Cycle (Fresh Water)
Aquatic Invertebrate
Life Cycle (Estuarine)
Soil Dissipation
Confined Crop Rotation
6. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
CRN Due Date
72-3 Received,
under review
72-5 August 1988
72-7 January 1989
163-2 August 1989
72-4 October 1989
72-4 October 1989
164-1 November 1990
165-1 October 1991
George T. LaRocca
Product Manager (IS)
Insecticide-Rodenticide Branch
Registration Division (TS-767C)
Office of Pesticide Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street-.SW.
Washington, D.C. 20460
Office location and telephone number:
Room 211, Crystal Mall 12; (703) S57-4421
1921 Jefferson Davis Highway
Arlington, VA 22202
DISCLAIMER: The information presented in this Fact Sheet is for informational
purposes only and may not be used to fulfill data requirements for pesticide
registration and reregiatration.
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