FACT SHEET Proposed Amendments to Air Toxics Standards for Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks; Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products; Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products; Surface Coating of Large Appliances; Printing, Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics and Other Textiles; and Surface Coating of Metal Furniture ACTION • On August 16, 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed to amend the 2004 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for three source categories: Surface Coating of Automobile and Light-Duty Trucks, Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts, and Products and Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products. • EPA is proposing minor amendments to enhance the effectiveness of these rules by improving compliance and implementation. • Surface coating operations for these source categories are defined as the application of coating to a substrate using, for example, spray guns or dip tanks. When a coating is applied to a substrate, then surface coating also includes associated activities, such as surface preparation, cleaning, mixing and storage. • The processes in these three source categories produce similar air toxics, including: xylene, toluene, naphthalene, glycol ethers, ethyl benzene and methyl isobutyl ketone. • Following a residual risk and technology review (RTR) conducted under the Clean Air Act (CAA), with this action EPA is proposing to: o Revise requirements for periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction (SSM) to be consistent with recent court decisions; o Require 5-year testing for facilities with add-on controls; and o Require electronic reporting of performance test results. • In addition, EPA is proposing technical corrections to the rule text for the NESHAP for Surface Coating of Metal Furniture; Surface Coating of Large Appliances; and Printing, Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics and Other Textiles. • EPA will accept comment on the proposed amendments for 45 days after publication in the Federal Register. RESIDUAL RISK ASSESSMENT • The CAA requires EPA to assess the risk remaining after application of the final air toxics emissions standard. This is known as a residual risk assessment. • The inhalation cancer maximum individual risk (MIR) based on actual emissions is 20-in- 1 million for the Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products source category and 10-in-l million for both the Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks and the Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products source categories. 1 ------- • An MIR of 20-in-l million implies that up to 20 people out of 1 million equally exposed people could contract cancer if exposed continuously (24 hours per day) to the specific concentration over 70 years (an assumed lifetime). This would be in addition to cancer cases that would normally occur in 1 million unexposed people. • Chronic noncancer hazard indices for all three source categories are less than 1. A hazard index of 1 or lower means air toxics are unlikely to cause adverse noncancer health effects over a lifetime of exposure. • EPA determined the remaining risk after application of the standard is acceptable, and the standard provides and ample margin of safety to protect public health and the environment. TECHNOLOGY REVIEW • The CAA requires EPA to assess, review and revise air toxics standards, as necessary, taking into account developments in practices, processes and control technologies. • The technology review of the standards for Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light- Duty Trucks, Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products, and Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products facilities did not identify any developments that would further reduce hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions beyond the original NESHAP. BACKGROUND • The CAA requires EPA to regulate toxic air pollutants, also known as air toxics, from categories of industrial facilities in two phases. • The first phase is "technology-based," where EPA develops standards for controlling the emissions of air toxics from sources in an industry group or "source category." These maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards are based on emissions levels that are already being achieved by the best-controlled and lower-emitting sources in an industry. • Within 8 years of setting the MACT standards, the CAA directs EPA to assess the remaining health risks from each source category to determine whether the MACT standards protect public health with an ample margin of safety and protect against adverse environmental effects. This second phase is a "risk-based" approach called residual risk. Here, EPA must determine whether more health-protective standards are necessary. • Also, every 8 years after setting MACT standards, the CAA requires EPA to review and revise the standards, if necessary, to account for improvements in air pollution controls and/or prevention. HOW TO COMMENT • The EPA will accept comment on the proposal for 45 days after publication in the Federal Register. Comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2019-0312 for the 2 ------- Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products NESHAP, Docket ID No. EPA- HQ-OAR-2019-0313 for the Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products NESHAP, Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2019-0314 for the Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks NESHAP, Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2017-0668 for the Printing Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics and Other Textiles; EPA-HQ-OAR-2017-0669 for the Surface Coating of Metal Furniture, and Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2017-0670, for the Surface Coating of Large Appliances may be submitted by one of the following methods: o Go to https://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for submitting comments, o Send comments by email to: a-and-r-Docket@epa.gov, with the subject line: Attention Docket ID No. [insert appropriate Docket ID No.], o Fax your comments to: (202) 566-9744, Attention Docket ID No. [insert appropriate Docket ID No.], o Mail your comments to: EPA Docket Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Code: 28221T, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, Attention Docket ID No. [insert appropriate Docket ID No.], o Deliver comments in person to: EPA Docket Center, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Room 3334, Washington, DC. Note: In person deliveries (including courier deliveries) are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of operation. Special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. FOR MORE INFORMATION • Interested parties can download a copy of the proposed rule notice from EPA's website at the following addresses: o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/surface-coating- miscellaneous-metal-parts-and-products-national o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/surface-coating-plastic- parts-and-products-national-emission o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/surface-coating- automobiles-and-light-duty-trucks-national-emission o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/printing-coating-and- dyeing-fabrics-and-other-textiles-national o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/surface-coating-metal- furniture-national-emission-standards o https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/surface-coating-large- appliances-national-emission-standards • Today's action and other background information are also available either electronically at https://www.regulations.gov/, EPA's electronic public docket and comment system, or in hardcopy at the EPA Docket Center's Public Reading Room. o The Public Reading Room is located at the EPA Headquarters Library, room number 3334 in the EPA WJC West Building, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, 3 ------- Washington, DC. Hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday, excluding federal holidays, o Visitors are required to show photographic identification, pass through a metal detector and sign the EPA visitor log. All visitor materials will be processed through an X-ray machine as well. Visitors will be provided a badge that must be visible at all times. o Materials for this proposed action can be accessed using the appropriate Docket ID No. • For further technical information about the NESHAP RTR for Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks, contact Kaye Whitfield, EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, at (919) 541-2509 or whitfield.kaye@epa.gov. • For further technical information about the NESHAP RTR for Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products or the Surface Coating of Plastic Parts and Products, contact Kim Teal, EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, at (919) 541-5580 or teal.kim@epa.gov. 4 ------- |