Land Division
Permits Office • February 2017
75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
866-EPA-WEST • www.epa.gov/region9
v»EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Pacific Southwest/Region 9
Sewing Arizona, California, HcM>aii, Nefflda, the Pacific Islands and 148 Tribes
Risk Assessment at Evoqua Water Technologies
Steps to Risk Assessment
Measure Emissions
At EPA's request, and under EPA's
observation, Evoqua conducted
tests in 2006 to determine the
amounts of chemicals coming out
of the facility's smokestack.
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Identify Possible Exposure Routes
The Risk Assessment considered
exposures via:
•	Breathing in of chemicals
from the smokestack;
•	Eating food or touching
soils feat have absorbed
chemicals; and
•	Eating fish potentially
affected by chemicals in
wastewater.
Determine Chemical Concentrations
The Risk Assessment determined
the concentrations of chemicals
through those exposure pathways
which could reach human and
animal populations.
Jt

Calculate Potential Impacts
Based on information from existing scientific studies
with these chemicals, the Risk Assessment calculates
the potential impacts to humans and animals.
LOAEL
NOAEL
Evoqua Quick Facts
What does the facility do?
The5 Evoqua facility treats spent carbon — a filtration
material — by putting it in a furnace to remove con-
tamination.
Where is the facility?
The facility is approximately a mile southeast of
Parker, A 7,.
How long has the Evoqua facility been around?
The Kfoqua facility has been operating since 1992.
But it has had different names throughout its lifetime
including Siemens, US Filter, and Westates Carbon.
Why did EPA Require a Risk Assessment?
The Evoqua facility is regulated by EPA under the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
because it handles hazardous waste. A Risk Assess-
ment is one way to make sure that the facility is
operating safely.
What is EPA doing now?
EPA will also be making a decision about whether or
not to issue a RCRA permit to allow the facility to
continue managing hazardous waste. Such a permit-
would create additional requirements for operations
at the facility.
Risk Considerations
The Risk Assessment considered the following
populations:
•	Elderly
•	Pregnant
•	Children
•	Facility Workers
•	Farmers, Fishermen, and Hunters
15 20 25 30
Dos# (mgMg}

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1 in 100,000 is EPA's risk threshold. This means
that in a town of 100,000 people, at most 1 additional
person might develop cancer over a lifetime (70 years)
of exposure to chemicals emitted from the Evoqua
facility.
With regard to this threshold, EPA has deter-
mined that impacts from long-term exposure to
the Evoqua facility emissions are insignificant.
What Typically Comes Out of the Smokestack?
Nitrogen
,42.2%
Oxygen
.Carbon Dioxide
3.9%
Other
0.006%
Water (steam)
49.2%
Nitrogen Oxides
0.005%
Hydrogen Chloride and
Chlorine
0.00023%
Carbon Monoxide
0.0002%
Ash
0.00007%
Metals
0.0000004%
Organics (estimated)
0.0000005%
Dioxin
0.0000000000001%
Contacts
Please contact the following with questions or
comments:
"Mike" Mahfouz Zabaneh, Project Manager
Phone: (415) 972-3348
zabaneh.mahfouz@epa.gov
Dr. Patrick Wilson, Senior Regional Toxicologist
Phone: (415) 972-3354
wilson.patrick@epa.gov
For media inquiries, please contact:
Margot Perez-Sullivan
Phone: (415) 947-4149
perezsullivan.margot@epa.gov
The complete text of the risk assessment is available
online at:
www.epa.gov/az/evoqua
Mailing Address:
U.S. EPA Region 9 (LND-4-2)
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105

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